2 Storey Residential Building

`REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

SORSOGON STATE COLLEGE SORSOGON CITY CAMPUS

ENGINEERING-ARCHITECTURE DEPARTMENT SECOND SEMESTER

AY 2012 – 2013

“A TWO-STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING“ (A RESEARCH PAPER IN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 2)

PREPARED BY:

ADRIAN E. DREO B.S ARCHITECTURE 1B – GROUP 1

SUBMITTED TO:

ARCH’T. JERMEL G. DICHOSO INSTRUCTOR

I – PROBLEM

A COUPLE WITH TWO SONS AND TWO DAUGHTERS WANT TO HAVE THEIR OWN HOUSE. THEY WANT IT TO BE A TWO-STOREY RESIDENTIAL BUILDING THAT WOULD BE BUILT ON LOT THAT THEY HAD ACQUIRED IN ONE LOCAL SUBDIVISION. THE COUPLE ENVISIONS THAT THE DESIGN BE SIMPLE YET FUNCTIONAL. IN THE GROUND FLOOR, THE LIVING AREA; DINING AREA; KITCHEN; ONE-CAR GARAGE; LAUNDRY; MAID’S QUARTER FOR TWO WITH ITS OWN TOILET AND BATH; A COMMON TOILET; AND THE MASTER BEDROOM WITH WALK IN CLOSET AND TOILET AND BATH WILL BE LOCATED. IN ADDITION TO THESE SPACES’ THE COUPLE WANTS TO HAVE A LANAI TO BE ADJACENT EITHER IN THE LIVING OR THE DINING AREA. THIS WILL BE USED AS EXTENSIONS FOR THE ENTERTAINING VISITORS DURING SOME GATHERINGS. FOR THE SECOND FLOOR’ THREE BEDROOMS WILL BE PROVIDED. TWO OF WHICH WILL BE FOR THE CHILDREN AND THE OTHER IS FOR THE VISITOR. THESE ROOMS WILL HAVE A COMMON TOILET AND BATH. THE CHILDREN’S BEDROOM COULD EITHER HAVE TWO SINGLE BEDS OR A DOUBLE-DECK. THEN, FOR VIEWING AND RELAXING PURPOSES, A BALCONY IS REQUIRED. IF THE SPACE COULD STILL ACCOMMODATE, A MINI LIBRARY WHICH WILL ALSO SERVE AS THE STUDY ROOM IS ONE OF THE SPACE REQUIREMENTS.

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION: LINE

DISTANCE

BEARING

1–2 2–3 3–4 4–5 5–1

17.00 MTS. 18.00 MTS. 5.60 MTS. 13.00 MTS. 22.00 MTS.

N 40º 25’ W S 49º 35’ W S 04º 05’ W S 40º 25’ E S 49º 35’ E

ADJACENT LOT 8.00 METER WIDE ROAD ROW RESIDENTIAL LOT RESIDENTIAL LOT RESIDENTIAL LOT PLAYGROUND

DRAWING REQUIREMENTS: FLOOR PLANS 4 ELEVATIONS 2 SECTIONS SITE DEVELOPMENT PLAN

– SCALE 1:100 M. – SCALE 1:100 M. – SCALE 1:100 M. – SCALE 1:150 M.

II – DEFINITION OF ARCHITECTURAL TERMS LIVING-ROOM - A ROOM IN A RESIDENTIAL HOUSE FOR RELAXING AND SOCIALIZING. SUCH A ROOM IS SOMETIMES CALLED A FRONT ROOM WHEN IT IS NEAR THE MAIN ENTRANCE AT THE FRONT OF THE HOUSE. THE TERM SITTING ROOM IS SOMETIMES USED SYNONYMOUSLY WITH LIVING ROOM, ALTHOUGH A SITTING ROOM MAY ALSO OCCUR IN A HOTEL OR OTHER PUBLIC BUILDING. THE TERM LIVING ROOM WAS COINED IN THE LATE 19TH OR EARLY 20TH CENTURY..

DINING ROOM - A ROOM FOR CONSUMING FOOD. IN MODERN TIMES IT IS USUALLY ADJACENT TO THE KITCHEN FOR CONVENIENCE IN SERVING, ALTHOUGH IN MEDIEVAL TIMES IT WAS OFTEN ON AN ENTIRELY DIFFERENT FLOOR LEVEL. HISTORICALLY THE DINING ROOM IS FURNISHED WITH A RATHER LARGE DINING TABLE AND A NUMBER OF DINING CHAIRS; THE MOST COMMON SHAPE IS GENERALLY RECTANGULAR WITH TWO ARMED END CHAIRS AND AN EVEN NUMBER OF UN-ARMED SIDE CHAIRS ALONG THE LONG SIDES.

KITCHEN - A ROOM OR PART OF A ROOM USED FOR COOKING AND FOOD PREPARATION.IN THE WEST, A MODERN RESIDENTIAL KITCHEN IS TYPICALLY EQUIPPED WITH A STOVE, A SINK WITH HOT AND COLD RUNNING WATER, A REFRIGERATOR AND KITCHEN CABINETSARRANGED ACCORDING TO A MODULAR DESIGN. MANY HOUSEHOLDS HAVE A MICROWAVE OVEN, A DISHWASHER AND OTHER ELECTRIC APPLIANCES. THE MAIN FUNCTION OF A KITCHEN IS COOKING OR PREPARING FOOD BUT IT MAY ALSO BE USED FOR DINING, FOOD STORAGE, ENTERTAINING, DISHWASHING AND LAUNDRY.

GARAGE - PART OF A HOME, OR AN ASSOCIATED BUILDING, DESIGNED OR USED FOR STORING A VEHICLE OR VEHICLES. IN SOME PLACES THE TERM IS USED SYNONYMOUSLY WITH "CARPORT", THOUGH THAT TERM NORMALLY DESCRIBES A STRUCTURE THAT IS NOT COMPLETELY ENCLOSED.

LAUNDRY AREA - (ALSO CALLED A UTILITY ROOM) IS A ROOM WHERE CLOTHES ARE WASHED. IN A MODERN HOME, A LAUNDRY ROOM WOULD BE EQUIPPED WITH AN AUTOMATIC WASHING MACHINE AND CLOTHES DRYER, AND OFTEN A LARGE BASIN, CALLED A LAUNDRY TUB, FOR HAND-WASHING DELICATE ARTICLES OF CLOTHING SUCH ASSWEATERS, AND AN IRONING BOARD. A TYPICAL LAUNDRY ROOM IS LOCATED IN THE BASEMENT OF OLDER HOMES, BUT IN MANY MODERN HOMES, THE LAUNDRY ROOM MIGHT BE FOUND ON THE MAIN FLOOR NEAR THE KITCHEN OR UPSTAIRS NEAR THE BEDROOMS. ANOTHER TYPICAL LOCATION IS ADJACENT TO THE GARAGE AND THE LAUNDRY ROOM SERVES AS A MUDROOM FOR THE ENTRANCE FROM THE GARAGE. AS THE GARAGE IS OFTEN AT A DIFFERENT ELEVATION (OR GRADE) THAN THE REST OF THE HOUSE, THE LAUNDRY ROOM THAT SERVES AS AN ENTRANCE FROM THE GARAGE THAT MAY BE SUNKEN FROM THE REST OF THE HOUSE. THIS AVOIDS OR MINIMIZES THE NEED FOR STAIRS BETWEEN THE GARAGE AND THE HOUSE. LAUNDRY ROOMS MAY ALSO INCLUDE STORAGE CABINETS, COUNTERTOPS FOR FOLDING CLOTHES, AND, SPACE PERMITTING, A SMALL SEWING MACHINE.[1

TOILET AND BATH (BATHROOM) - A ROOM FOR PERSONAL HYGIENE, GENERALLY CONTAINING A BATHTUB OR A SHOWER, A TOILET AND SINK (IN NORTH AMERICA), AND POSSIBLY ALSO A BIDET. IN NORTH AMERICAN ENGLISH, A "BATHROOM" IS COMMONLY USED TO MEAN ANY ROOM CONTAINING A TOILET, POSSIBLY EVEN A PUBLIC TOILET (WHICH, IN THE USA, IS MORE COMMONLY CALLED A "RESTROOM").

WALK-IN CLOSET - (OFTEN SHORTENED TO "WALK-IN") :A CLOSET LARGE ENOUGH TO WALK INSIDE TO STORE CLOTHES OR OTHER OBJECTS, ON TWO OR THREE SIDES. THEY MAY HAVE LIGHTING, MIRRORS, AND FLOORING DISTINCT FROM ADJACENT ROOMS.

LANAI - A TYPE OF ROOFED, OPEN-SIDED VERANDA, PATIO OR PORCH ORIGINATING IN HAWAII. MANY HOMES, APARTMENT BUILDINGS, HOTELS AND RESTAURANTS IN HAWAII ARE BUILT WITH ONE OR MORE LĀNAIS.

BEDROOM - A PRIVATE ROOM WHERE PEOPLE USUALLY SLEEP FOR THE NIGHT OR RELAX DURING THE DAY. ABOUT ONE THIRD OF OUR LIVES ARE SPENT SLEEPING AND MOST OF THE TIME WE ARE ASLEEP, WE ARE SLEEPING IN A BEDROOM.[1] TO BE CONSIDERED A BEDROOM THE ROOM NEEDS TO HAVE A BED. BEDROOMS CAN RANGE FROM REALLY SIMPLE TO FAIRLY COMPLEX. OTHER STANDARD FURNISHINGS A TYPICAL BEDROOM USUALLY HAS ARE, A CLOSET, NIGHTSTAND, DESK, AND DRESSER. TODAY IN RICHER COUNTRIES THAT HAVE HOUSES WITH MULTIPLE BEDROOMS, A BATHROOM MAY BE CONNECTED TO THE BEDROOM. THIS DID NOT START HAPPENING UNTIL THE MID TO LATE TWENTIETH CENTURY.

BALCONY - A PLATFORM PROJECTING FROM THE WALL OF A BUILDING, SUPPORTED BY COLUMNS OR CONSOLE BRACKETS, AND ENCLOSED WITH A BALUSTRADE.

STUDY ROOM - A ROOM IN A HOUSE WHICH IS USED FOR PAPERWORK, COMPUTER WORK, OR READING. HISTORICALLY, THE STUDY OF A HOUSE WAS RESERVED FOR USE AS THE PRIVATE OFFICE AND READING ROOM OF A FAMILY FATHER AS THE FORMAL HEAD OF A HOUSEHOLD, BUT TODAY STUDIES ARE GENERALLY EITHER USED TO OPERATE A HOME BUSINESS OR ELSE OPEN TO THE WHOLE FAMILY. A TYPICAL STUDY MIGHT CONTAIN A DESK, CHAIR, COMPUTER, A DESK LAMP OR TWO, AND BOOKSHELVES. A SPARE BEDROOM IS OFTEN UTILIZED AS A STUDY, BUT MANY MODERN HOMES HAVE A ROOM SPECIFICALLY DESIGNATED AS A STUDY. OTHER TERMS USED FOR ROOMS OF THIS NATURE INCLUDE DEN, HOME OFFICE, OR LIBRARY. THE STUDY DEVELOPED FROM THE CLOSET OR CABINET OF THE RENAISSANCE ONWARDS. THE ADVENT OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION AND COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY HAS WIDENED THE APPEAL OF DEDICATED HOME WORKING AREAS, WITH NEARLY 20% OF ALL WORKING ADULTS IN THE UNITED STATES REPORTING THAT THEY UNDERTAKE AT LEAST SOME WORK FROM HOME AS PART OF THEIR PRIMARY EMPLOYMENT.

STOREY - IS ANY LEVEL PART OF A BUILDING THAT COULD BE USED BY PEOPLE (FOR LIVING, WORK, STORAGE, RECREATION, ETC.). THE PLURALS ARE STOREYS AND STORIES, RESPECTIVELY. THE TERMS FLOOR, LEVEL, OR DECK CAN ALSO BE USED IN THIS SENSE; EXCEPT THAT ONE MAY USE "GROUND FLOOR" AND "GROUND LEVEL" FOR THE FLOOR CLOSER TO WHAT IS CONSIDERED THE GROUND OR STREET LEVEL, WHEREAS "STOREY" IS COMMONLY USED ONLY FOR LEVELS STRICTLY ABOVE OR BELOW THAT LEVEL.[1] THE WORDS "STOREY" AND "FLOOR" ALSO GENERALLY EXCLUDE LEVELS OF THE BUILDING THAT HAVE NO ROOF, EVEN IF THEY ARE USED BY PEOPLE—SUCH AS THE TERRACE ON THE TOP ROOF OF MANY BUILDINGS. HOUSES COMMONLY HAVE ONLY A FEW FLOORS, OFTEN ONLY ONE. BUILDINGS ARE OFTEN CLASSIFIED AS LOW-RISE, MID-RISE, AND HIGH-RISE ACCORDING TO HOW MANY LEVELS THEY CONTAIN; BUT THESE CATEGORIES ARE NOT WELL-DEFINED. THE TALLEST SKYSCRAPER IN THE WORLD, BURJ KHALIFA, HAS 163 FLOORS. THE HEIGHT OF EACH STOREY IS BASED ON THE CEILING HEIGHT OF THE ROOMS PLUS THE THICKNESS OF THE FLOORS BETWEEN EACH PAIN. GENERALLY THIS IS AROUND TEN FEET OR THREE METRES TOTAL; HOWEVER IT VARIES WIDELY FROM JUST UNDER THIS FIGURE TO WELL OVER IT. STOREYS WITHIN A BUILDING NEED NOT BE ALL THE SAME HEIGHT.

MAID’S QUARTER – A ROOM INTENTED FOR MAIDS. USUALLY LOCATED NEAR THE KITCHEN FOR EASY ACCESS WHEN WORKING LIKE COOKING OR WASHING THE PLATES.

III – RELATED LITERATURE

TWO STOREY HOUSE A STOREY ON A HOUSE IS ONLY OFFICIAL IF IT IS ABOVE GRADE. A BASEMENT DOES NOT COUNT AS A STOREY. TO HAVE A TWO STOREY HOUSE, IT HAS TO HAVE 2 LEVELS ABOVE GRADE. IE A MAIN FLOOR AND AN UPPER FLOOR. A WALKOUT BASEMENT ON A BUNGALOW DOESN'T COUNT. AND THE UPPER LEVEL HAS TO BE THE SAME SIZE OR COMPARABLE TO THE MAIN FLOOR TO COUNT AS A COMPLETE STOREY. THIS CAN ALSO INCLUDE HOUSES THAT ONLY HAVE HALF THE ACTUAL LIVING SPACE ON AN UPPER LEVEL, HOWEVER THEY HAVE A VAULTED 17+ FOOT CEILING IN THE LIVING ROOM AND/OR KITCHEN. THIS STILL COUNTS AS A TWO STOREY AND IS APPARENT WHEN VIEWING FROM THE OUTSIDE.

STAIRS - A CONSTRUCTION DESIGNED TO BRIDGE A LARGE VERTICAL DISTANCE BY DIVIDING IT INTO SMALLER VERTICAL DISTANCES, CALLED STEPS. STAIRS MAY BE STRAIGHT, ROUND, OR MAY CONSIST OF TWO OR MORE STRAIGHT PIECES CONNECTED AT ANGLES. SPECIAL TYPES OF STAIRS INCLUDE ESCALATORS AND LADDERS. SOME ALTERNATIVES TO STAIRS ARE ELEVATORS (UK: LIFTS), STAIRLIFTS AND INCLINED MOVING WALKWAYS AS WELL AS STATIONARY INCLINED SIDEWALKS (UK: PAVEMENTS). COMPONENTS AND TERMINOLOGY STEP - THE STEP IS COMPOSED OF THE TREAD AND RISER. TREAD THE PART OF THE STAIRWAY THAT IS STEPPED ON. IT IS CONSTRUCTED TO THE SAME SPECIFICATIONS (THICKNESS) AS ANY OTHER FLOORING. THE TREAD "DEPTH" IS MEASURED FROM THE OUTER EDGE OF THE STEP TO THE VERTICAL "RISER" BETWEEN STEPS. THE "WIDTH" IS MEASURED FROM ONE SIDE TO THE OTHER. RISER THE VERTICAL PORTION BETWEEN EACH TREAD ON THE STAIR. THIS MAY BE MISSING FOR AN "OPEN" STAIR EFFECT. NOSING AN EDGE PART OF THE TREAD THAT PROTRUDES OVER THE RISER BENEATH. IF IT IS PRESENT, THIS MEANS THAT, MEASURED HORIZONTALLY, THE TOTAL "RUN" LENGTH OF THE STAIRS IS NOT SIMPLY THE SUM OF THE TREAD LENGTHS, AS THE TREADS ACTUALLY OVERLAP EACH OTHER SLIGHTLY. STARTING STEP OR BULLNOSE WHERE STAIRS ARE OPEN ON ONE OR BOTH SIDES, THE FIRST STEP ABOVE THE LOWER FLOOR MAY BE WIDER THAN THE OTHER STEPS AND ROUNDED. THE BALUSTERS TYPICALLY FORM A SEMICIRCLE AROUND THE CIRCUMFERENCE OF THE ROUNDED PORTION AND THE HANDRAIL HAS A HORIZONTAL SPIRAL CALLED A "VOLUTE" THAT SUPPORTS THE TOP OF THE BALUSTERS. BESIDES THE COSMETIC APPEAL, STARTING STEPS ALLOW THE BALUSTERS TO FORM A WIDER, MORE STABLE BASE FOR THE END OF THE HANDRAIL. HANDRAILS THAT SIMPLY END AT A POST AT THE FOOT OF THE STAIRS CAN BE LESS STURDY, EVEN WITH A THICK POST. A DOUBLE BULLNOSE CAN BE USED WHEN BOTH SIDES OF THE STAIRS ARE OPEN. STRINGER, STRINGER BOARD OR SOMETIMES JUST STRING THE STRUCTURAL MEMBER THAT SUPPORTS THE TREADS AND RISERS. THERE ARE TYPICALLY TWO STRINGERS, ONE ON EITHER SIDE OF THE STAIRS; THOUGH THE TREADS MAY BE SUPPORTED MANY OTHER WAYS. THE STRINGERS ARE SOMETIMES NOTCHED SO THAT THE RISERS AND TREADS FIT INTO THEM. STRINGERS ON OPEN-SIDED STAIRS ARE OFTEN OPEN THEMSELVES SO THAT THE TREADS ARE VISIBLE FROM THE SIDE. SUCH STRINGERS ARE CALLED "CUT" STRINGERS. STRINGERS ON A CLOSED SIDE OF THE STAIRS ARE CLOSED, WITH THE SUPPORT FOR THE TREADS ROUTED INTO THE STRINGER. WINDERS WINDERS ARE STEPS THAT ARE NARROWER ON ONE SIDE THAN THE OTHER. THEY ARE USED TO CHANGE THE DIRECTION OF THE STAIRS WITHOUT LANDINGS. A SERIES OF WINDERS FORM A CIRCULAR OR SPIRAL STAIRWAY. WHEN THREE STEPS ARE USED TO TURN A 90° CORNER, THE MIDDLE STEP IS CALLED A KITE WINDER AS A KITE-SHAPEDQUADRILATERAL. TRIM TRIM (E.G. QUARTER-ROUND OR BASEBOARD TRIM) IS NORMALLY APPLIED WHERE WALLS MEET FLOORS AND OFTEN UNDERNEATH TREADS TO HIDE THE REVEAL WHERE THE TREAD AND RISER MEET. SHOE

MOULDING MAY BE USED BETWEEN WHERE THE LOWER FLOOR AND THE FIRST RISER MEET. TRIMMING A STARTING STEP IS A SPECIAL CHALLENGE AS THE LAST RISER ABOVE THE LOWER FLOOR IS ROUNDED. FLEXIBLE, PLASTIC TRIM IS AVAILABLE FOR THIS PURPOSE, HOWEVER WOODEN MOULDINGS ARE STILL USED AND ARE EITHER CUT FROM A SINGLE PIECE OF ROUNDED WOOD, OR BENT WITH LAMINATIONS SCOTIA IS CONCAVE MOULDING THAT IS UNDERNEATH THE NOSING BETWEEN THE RISER AND THE TREAD ABOVE IT.

FROM REAL HOMES MAGAZINE UK WEBSITE: CATEGORY (HOME IMPROVEMENTS)

ADDING A TWO-STOREY EXTENSION

ABOVE: THE SIDE AND REAR EXTENSION ON THIS VICTORIAN STONE COTTAGE IS CLAD IN WHITE RENDER, CREATING A CONTRAST BETWEEN THE ORIGINAL BUILDING AND THE CONTEMPORARY EXTENSION. ADDING A TWO-STOREY EXTENSION TO YOUR HOME CAN INCREASE BOTH LIVING SPACE AND THE VALUE OF YOUR PROPERTY. BUT IT IS IMPORTANT TO CONSIDER CERTAIN POINTS BEFORE STARTING. EXPERIENCED RENOVATOR MICHAEL HOLMES OFFERS HIS ADVICE ON EXTENDING, INCLUDING ASSESSING THE POTENTIAL OF YOUR HOME, HOW TO USE THE EXTRA SPACE AND TYPICAL BUILD COSTS FOR AN EXTENSION. A TWO-STOREY EXTENSION COULD BE THE PERFECT WAY TO TRANSFORM YOUR HOME, INCREASING LIVING SPACE AND BEDROOM ACCOMMODATION SIMULTANEOUSLY. IT MAY ALSO PROVE MORE COSTEFFECTIVE THAN BUILDING A SINGLE-STOREY EXTENSION, AS IT SPREADS THE COST OF TWO OF THE MOST EXPENSIVE ELEMENTS – THE FOUNDATIONS AND THE ROOF – BRINGING DOWN THE AVERAGE CONSTRUCTION COST PER M2. USING THE ROOF SPACE TOO COULD BE EVEN MORE COST-EFFECTIVE. BUILDING OVER MORE THAN ONE STOREY IS ALSO MORE SPACE-EFFICIENT AS IT SACRIFICES LESS OF AN OUTDOOR SPACE THAN A SINGLESTOREY EXTENSION OF THE SAME AREA. ASSESSING POTENTIAL THE REAR OF A PROPERTY USUALLY OFFERS THE BEST OPPORTUNITY TO ADD A TWO-STOREY EXTENSION, ESPECIALLY ON A TERRACED HOUSE OR SEMI-DETACHED PROPERTY. WHERE A PROPERTY HAS A LARGE OUTDOOR AREA, AS MANY HOUSES ON A STREET CORNER DO, THERE MAY BE THE POTENTIAL TO EXTEND OVER TWO STOREYS AT THE SIDE. IN SOME INSTANCES, A TWO-STOREY EXTENSION CAN BE AT THE SIDE AND PROJECT TO THE REAR OR TO THE FRONT OF THE EXISTING PROPERTY. WHERE THERE ARE HEIGHT RESTRICTIONS ON THE ROOF, IMPOSED BY THE PLANNERS (FIND OUT MORE ABOUT PLANNING PERMISSION), THERE MAY STILL BE SCOPE TO ADD A SECOND STOREY BY USING THE ROOF SPACE TO FORM A ONE-AND-A-HALF-STOREY EXTENSION. ALTERNATIVELY, IT MAY BE POSSIBLE TO DIG DOWN INTO THE GROUND AND BUILD TWO STOREYS WHILE STILL KEEPING THE HEIGHT OF THE EXTENSION ROOF LOW – THIS COULD RESULT IN A BASEMENT LEVEL OR SPLIT-LEVEL DESIGN, AND CAN WORK ESPECIALLY WELL ON A SLOPING SITE.

IT IS ALSO WORTH CONSIDERING WHETHER AN EXTENSION AT FIRST FLOOR LEVEL COULD BE MORE THAN TWO STOREYS HIGH – FOR EXAMPLE, AT THE REAR OF A GEORGIAN TERRACED PROPERTY WITH SEVERAL STOREYS. USING THE SPACE GENERALLY, GROUND FLOOR SPACE WILL BE USED AS LIVING ACCOMMODATION, AND FIRST FLOOR SPACE FOR BEDROOMS AND BATHROOMS. HOWEVER, WHERE THERE ARE GREAT VIEWS FROM THE HOUSE, OR IF IT IS BUILT INTO A SLOPE, IT CAN BE WORTH CONSIDERING HAVING A LIVING ROOM UPSTAIRS. EQUALLY, GROUND FLOOR SPACE COULD BE USED FOR BEDROOMS – IT IS IDEAL FOR A SELFCONTAINED ANNEXE AND EASILY ACCESSIBLE. THIS COULD BE USED FOR GUESTS, INDEPENDENT ACCOMMODATION OR AS A HOME OFFICE. ADDING VALUE PROPERTIES ARE GENERALLY VALUED ON THE BASIS OF PRICE PER M². TO GET AN IDEA OF THE PROPERTY VALUES IN YOUR AREA, FIND SEVERAL PROPERTIES THAT ARE COMPARABLE TO WHAT YOU PROPOSE TO BUILD, AND DIVIDE THE ASKING OR SALE PRICE BY THE AREA OF THE PROPERTY. THIS WILL GIVE YOU AN AVERAGE VALUE PER M². IF YOU COMPARE THIS WITH THE AVERAGE COST PER M² OF BUILDING YOUR EXTENSION, YOU CAN WORK OUT WHETHER OR NOT YOUR PROPOSALS ARE FINANCIALLY VIABLE. BE AWARE THAT THERE IS A LIMIT TO HOW MUCH VALUE YOU CAN ADD TO YOUR HOME, KNOWN AS THE CEILING VALUE. IN ESSENCE, IT IS USUALLY DIFFICULT TO EXCEED THE HIGHEST PRICE EVER PAID FOR A PROPERTY IN YOUR AREA, UNLESS THE DESIGN YOU CREATE IS QUITE EXCEPTIONAL. THERE ARE SEVERAL VARIABLES THAT AFFECT THE COST OF BUILDING AN EXTENSION. MATERIAL COSTS ARE BROADLY THE SAME ACROSS THE WHOLE OF THE UK, BUT YOUR CHOICE OF MATERIALS, FIXTURES AND FITTINGS WILL HAVE A VERY BIG INFLUENCE ON THE FINAL COST – ESPECIALLY YOUR CHOICE OF KITCHEN AND BATHROOM FITTINGS AND FLOORING. TYPICAL BUILD COSTS UNLIKE MATERIAL PRICES, LABOUR COSTS VARY SIGNIFICANTLY ACROSS THE UK, FROM £70-£120 PER DAY FOR A CARPENTER OR BRICKLAYER IN MANY RURAL AREAS UP TO £200-£300 PER DAY IN CENTRAL LONDON. IF YOU HAVE TIME AND GOOD DIY SKILLS, YOU COULD USE SOME OF YOUR OWN LABOUR TO SUBSTITUTE THAT OF SUBCONTRACTORS AND REDUCE COSTS THAT WAY. THERE ARE BIG SAVINGS TO BE MADE THROUGH DIY, BUT IT CAN PROVE A FALSE ECONOMY IF YOU TAKE ON TOO MUCH WORK YOURSELF. THE COST OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT IS ANOTHER BIG FACTOR. A BUILDING CONTRACTOR WILL TYPICALLY CHARGE 15-20 PER CENT ON TOP OF THE NET COST OF LABOUR, MATERIALS AND OVERHEADS. IF YOU GET COMPETITIVE TENDERS FOR THE CONTRACT, YOU MAY BE ABLE TO SQUEEZE THIS MARGIN. WHEN THERE IS LITTLE WORK AROUND, THIS MARGIN CAN BE SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED, AS BUILDERS MAY TAKE WORK ON JUST TO KEEP TRADING. IF YOU HAVE THE TIME AND CONFIDENCE, YOU COULD MANAGE THE PROJECT YOURSELF INSTEAD OF USING A CONTRACTOR, AND SAVE SOME OF THE 15-20 PER CENT MARGIN. AN IMPORTANT FACTOR TO CONSIDER IS VALUE ADDED TAX (VAT), WHICH WILL NORMALLY BE CHARGED AT 20 PER CENT ON ALL LABOUR, MATERIALS AND SERVICES. IF YOU EMPLOY A PROJECT MANAGER TO RUN THE BUILD, AND INDIVIDUAL SUBCONTRACTORS DIRECTLY, AND THEY EACH TURN OVER BELOW THE THRESHOLD FOR VAT REGISTRATION, THEN YOU WILL NOT BE CHARGED ANY VAT ON LABOUR. THIS CAN RESULT IN A BIG COST SAVINGS. THERE ARE SOME INSTANCES IN WHICH RENOVATION WORK IS CHARGED AT THE REDUCED RATE – FOR EXAMPLE, IF THE PROPERTY HAS BEEN EMPTY FOR TWO YEARS, OR IF THERE IS A CHANGE IN THE NUMBER OF DWELLING UNITS. THE COMPLEXITY OF THE DESIGN IS ALSO A SIGNIFICANT FACTOR IN DETERMINING BUILD COSTS – GENERALLY THE SIMPLER THE DESIGN, THE LESS EXPENSIVE IT WILL BE TO BUILD. AS A STARTING POINT FOR BUDGETING PURPOSES, BASE YOUR COSTS ON A FIGURE OF AROUND £1,250 PER M², PLUS VAT IF YOU ARE PLANNING ON USING A BUILDER. MOVE OR IMPROVE? ADDED VALUE IS NOT THE ONLY CONSIDERATION WHEN DECIDING WHETHER TO PROCEED WITH AN EXTENSION. TO MAKE A FAIR COMPARISON WITH MOVING HOME, YOU NEED TO TAKE MOVING COSTS INTO ACCOUNT TOO. IN SOME CIRCUMSTANCES, ADDING AN EXTENSION WILL COST MORE THAN THE VALUE IT WILL ADD TO THE PROPERTY IN THE SHORT-TERM, BUT CAN STILL WORK OUT AS MUCH LESS

EXPENSIVE THAN MOVING TO AN EQUIVALENT LARGER PROPERTY ONCE ESTATE AGENT FEES, LEGAL FEES, STAMP DUTY AND REMOVALS FEES ARE FACTORED IN.

WORDS MICHAEL HOLMES FEATURED IN THE AUGUST 2012 ISSUE OF REAL HOMES FROM HOME ON DESIGNS OFFICIAL WEBSITE :

LIVING ROOM DESIGNS IDEAS A LIVING ROOM IN YOUR HOME WOULD BE THE FIRST ROOM THAT ANYONE VIEWS WHEN HE ENTERS. THE DESIGN IDEAS OF THIS ROOM MAY GREATLY BE RESPONSIBLE TO CREATE AN ENDURING IMPRESSION ON THE GUEST’S MIND. THIS IS THE ONLY ROOM AT YOUR HOME THAT WILL BE USED BY THE GUESTS AS WELL AS YOUR MEMBERS OF FAMILY TOGETHER. HERE ARE SOME CONCEPT’S IDEAS TO MAKE A THIS ROOM PLEASANT. USE AN INVITING COLOR PLAN. THIS IS QUITE SELF-EXPLANATORY. AS SAID EARLIER IT IS THE FIRST ROOM IN YOUR HOME. SOMETIMES LARGE HOME BUILDINGS DO HAVE AN ENTRANCE LOBBY, BUT FOR MOST APARTMENTS AND SMALL-SCALE HOUSES, A LIVING ROOM IS ONE OF THE MAJORS INSIDE SPACES TO SETTLE FOR. A BRIGHT COLOR PLAN IS ALWAYS INVITING AND MAKES AN IMPRESSION OF A BIG SPACE. THIS IS BECAUSE ILLUMINATION ENTERING THE SPACE REFLECTS FROM YOUR BRIGHT-COLORED WALLS AND CREATES AN EVEN ILLUMINATED SPACE.

PLAN FURNITURE LAYOUT BEFORE THIS POINT IS EXTREMELY IMPORTANT. IN MOST OF THE HOME PLANS YOU WILL FIND THAT MOST ADDITIONAL ROOMS NAMELY BEDROOMS, KITCHEN, DINING, LOVED ONE’S ROOMS, STAIRCASE BLOCK TO REACH UPPER FLOORS USUALLY STEER VIA THE LIVING ROOM. HENCE IT BECOMES NECESSARY TO CONSIDER THE EASE WITH WHICH THE GUESTS AND MEMBERS OF THE FAMILY MAY TRAVELING WITHIN THE HOME. FURTHERMORE, THE FURNITURE PIECES THAT MUST BE TAKEN TO INTERNAL ROOMS SHALL BE TAKEN VIA THE SPACE. FOR THIS PURPOSE, IT IS EXTREMELY IMPORTANT TO PLAN THE FURNITURE LAYOUT BEFORE YOU EVEN PURCHASE ANY FURNITURE. A WELLPLANNED FURNITURE LAYOUT WILL MAKE IT EASIER TO CIRCULATE INVOLVING THE ROOMS WITHOUT ANY DISTURBANCE IN THE LIVING ROOM SEATING AREAS.

USE DECORATING ACCESSORIES ACCESSORIES ARE GREAT FOR ANY KIND OF HOME DECORATING. THESE ARE THE LITTLE THINGS THAT MAKE A MAJOR DIFFERENCE. ACCESSORIES MAY INCLUDE STATUES, INSIDE FOUNTAINS, PLANTS, CURTAINS, WALL CLOCKS, PICTURE FRAMES, WALL HANGINGS, ETC . ALL THESE MAKE GREAT FILLERS IN LIVING ROOM DESIGN. A BALANCE MUST BE DEVELOPED AS TO HOW TO USE THEM WITHIN THIS ROOM. FOR EXAMPLE, A METAL STATUE CAN BE A FREE STANDING ON THE CORNER FORMED AFTER THE SOFAS ARE PLACED. HOWEVER, THEIR SPACE CAN ALSO BE ENTERTAINED BY A SMALL COVER FROM THE SUN-LOVING PLACE. SO LITTLE EXPERIMENTATION CAN GIVE YOU LOTS OF INFORMATION AND EXPERIENCE IN HOME DECORATING IN CASE YOU REALLY WANT TO DO IT. OU CAN ALSO USE THE FOLLOWING POPULAR THEMES AS BEING A GUIDE.

ETHNIC DESIGN: AN ETHNICALLY STYLED LIVING ROOM WOULD BE AWASH WITH FABRICS AND HOME FURNITURE MADE BY TRADITIONAL CRAFTSMEN AROUND THE WORLD. WITH MORE OF US RIGHT NOW CONCERNED ABOUT THE WELFARE OF THE WORLD’S POOR, AS WELL AS THE ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECT OF CHOOSING HOME FURNITURE, AN ETHICAL DESIGN CAN PERFECTLY ILLUSTRATE YOUR TASTES AND BELIEFS. WHEN SHOPPING FOR ANY TRADITIONAL HANDICRAFTS BE SURE THAT THEY ARE PART OF A FAIR SWAP PLAN AND HAVE BEEN MANUFACTURED OUT OF RENEWABLE MATERIALS.

CLASSIC MODERN DESIGN: THIS IS ONE OF THE MOST COMMON STYLES PRESENT IN PEOPLE’S HOMES. PROPERTIES WHICH HAVE A CLASSIC MODERN LIVING ROOM ENJOY A CALM ATMOSPHERE WITH NICE TEXTURES. TYPICALLY, THE FURNITURE WOULD HAVE SHARP SPECIFIC EDGES.

ZEN DESIGN: THE WORD ZEN IS OFTEN ASSOCIATED WITH A VERY TRANQUIL AND SERENE ATMOSPHERE. SIMPLY, BY CREATING A ZEN THEMED LIVING SPACE YOU WILL BE ABLE TO ENSURE THAT THE SPACE IS CONDUCIVE TO RELAXATION. A ZEN ROOM DESIGN WOULD INCORPORATE SIMPLE ELEMENTS SUCH AS WATER AND LIGHT TO CREATE A NATURAL CALM PREPARING.

VICTORIAN STYLE DESIGN: PERHAPS YOU HOPE THE AGELESS APPEAL OF A VICTORIAN STYLED ROOM. THESE ARE OFTEN THOUGHT OF AS BEING HIGHLY SOPHISTICATED AND ALSO PLUSH AND LUXURIOUS. IT COULD INVOLVE USING TRADITIONAL WOODEN FURNITURE AND NICE COLORS.

BEDROOM DESIGNS IDEAS IN BEDROOM DESIGNS IDEAS, MOST INDIVIDUALS DECIDE TO ENHANCE THEIR OWN BEDROOM WITHIN A CONVENTIONAL METHOD. HOWEVER, THERE ARE LOTS OF DESIGNS TODAY THAT CAN MAKE THE RESTING QUARTERS A PLEASURABLE AND ALSO SOOTHING SPACE TO SPEND TIME IN EVERY NIGHT. TO BEGIN WITH YOU SHOULD LOOK AT AGE THE PERSON IN WHOSEBEDROOM IT REALLY IS. A GROWNUP COULD HAVE COMPLETELY DIFFERENT NEEDS AND ALSO PREFERENCES THAN THE USUAL CHILD AND ALSO VICE VERSA.

IF YOU ARE PLANNING TO CHANGE THE ACTUAL DESIGN WITHIN A KID’S BEDROOM AFTER THAT ALWAYS LET THEM BE INVOLVED IN THE PROCESS. MOST CHILDREN ARE VERY PICKY, JUST BECAUSE YOU MIGHT THINK THE DESIGN AND STYLE WOULD WORK DOES NOT INDICATE THEY ARE GOING TO BE IN AGREEMENT. AN IDEAL WAY TO CHANGE THE APPEAR AND FEEL OF THE BEDROOM WOULD BE TO CHANGE THE REAL BEDDING. THERE ARE MANY AMAZING STYLES AND COLORS TO CHOOSE FROM TODAY, SO THE OPTIONS ARE IN NO WAY RESTRICTED TO US. SWITCHING THE ACTUAL SHEETS AND ALSO COVERS ON THE BED IS AN AFFORDABLE WAY TO MAINTAIN THE CURRENT DESIGNS WITHOUT HAVING DONE DAMAGE TO THE ACTUAL AVAILABLE BUDGET. EVERY INDIVIDUAL CAN CREATE A BEDROOM APPEARANCE THAT IS SATISFYING TO THEIR VERY OWN CHARACTER AND ALSO COMPLEMENTING THEIR OWN DESIGN. TOGETHER WITH STAYING IN BUDGET AND ALSO CHOOSING A DESIGN THAT IS SUITABLE FOR KINDS REQUIREMENTS CREATING THE BEDROOM THAT IS STYLISH AND ALSO AFFORDABLE IS AS EASY TOGETHER 2 3. WHEN YOU ARE FOLLOWING DECORATING YOUR HOUSE, HAVE A LOOK AT YOUR OWN RESTING QUARTERS AS THIS SPACE IS EXTREMELY EASY TO ENSURE IT IS INDIVIDUALLY YOURS. THEMED BEDROOMS IN MANY CASES ARE THE EASIEST TO MAKE AND KEEP. LIKE YOU MIGHT WANT TO PRODUCE A SHOWING OFF THEME. NOWADAYS, IT REALLY IS SIMPLE TO GET HOLD OF NUMEROUS SHOWING OFF RELATED FIXTURES AND ALSO BEDDING. EXACTLY THE SAME COULD BE STATED WITH REGARD TO FILMS AS WELL AS MUSIC PERFORMER AND ALSO BAND RELATED ITEMS. IF WE THINK ABOUT DECORATING THE BEDROOM, WE ARE ENCOURAGED TO TO START WITH HAVE A SPECIFIC LOOK OR THEME IN YOUR HEAD. THEN EVERYTHING, FROM FURNISHINGS, STRUCTURE, COLOUR FABRIC PATTERNS, WINDOWPANE DRESSING TO BE ABLE TO LIGHTS OR ADD-ONS MUST INCLUDE THAT. HERE ARE A FEW CONTEMPORARY BEDROOM DESIGN SUGGESTIONS. THE COLOR OF THE SURFACES MAY ESTABLISH THE VERY BEST MOOD FOR THE BEDROOM. YOU NEED TO CHOOSE THOSE PEOPLE COLOURS THAT HAVE A RELAXING EFFECT ON YOUR OWN VISION AND ALSO BRAIN. SOOTHING COLOURS SUCH AS PASTEL ECO-FRIENDLY, LIGHTING AZURE, PASTEL PINK CREAM AND ALSO CREAM MIGHT MAKE YOUR OWN FEEL AT EASE AND ALSO ASSISTANCE TO CAUSE SLEEP. WHEN THE SIZE OF A PERSON’S BEDROOM IS SMALL, THESE COLOURS CAN MAKE IT LOOK MUCH MORE SPACIOUS. IN ORDER TO EMBELLISH UP THE SURFACES FURTHER, APPLY SPECIFIC VIBRANT FEATURE COLOURS SUCH AS, RED-COLORED, YELLOW-COLORED OR ORANGE WITHIN IT.

Small Bathroom Design Ideas YOU WILL FIND GORGEOUS DESIGNING STYLES THAT YOU CAN BEAUTIFY WITHIN COMFORTABLE AREAS. HOWEVER, YOU HAVE TO BE ABSOLUTE TO OPT FOR THOSE THAT USE THE SUN AND RAIN ASSOCIATED WITH LITTLE AREAS. ONE LARGE FUNCTION TO PREVENT ALONG WITH SMALL BATHROOM IS ACTUALLY A MESS BECAUSE EXCELLENT PROCLIVITY TO HELP MAKES THE SPACE REALLY FEEL SMALLER.

IN CASE YOU ARE ATTEMPTING TO SUIT YOUR OWN SMALL BATHROOM INTO A RIGHT SPACE LIKE THE DIMENSIONS OF THE CELL PHONE BOX AFTER THAT AND MAKING A GOOD ILLUSION ASSOCIATED WITH AREA. THIS IS OFTEN ACCOMPLISHED ALONG WITH CAUTIOUS AS WELL AS INNOVATIVE UTILIZATION OF COLOR, GLASS AS WELL AS DECORATIVE MIRRORS. UTILIZING LIGHTING COLORED BATHROOM CERAMIC TILES OR EVEN COLOR IS IMPORTANT IN ORDER TO MAKE A LARGE REALLY FEEL. ONE OF THESE SCARED TO INCLUDE COMPARISON ALONG WITH INFORMATION ASSOCIATED WITH DARKER COLOR. HOWEVER, MORE THAN PERFORMING IT WILL CERTAINLY CHANGE YOUR BATHROOMS RIGHT GIVE. UTILIZE WHITE-COLORED LIKE A FOUNDATION THROUGH ADDING LIGHT COLORS TO INCLUDE DIMENSIONS AND WARMNESS. SELECT THE COLOURS FOR YOUR BATHROOM CAREFULLY BECAUSE DIVERSE COLORING MAY HELP ALLOW IT TO BE SHOW UP MUCH MORE OPEN UP. YOU HAVE POSSIBLY ALREADY BEEN INFORMED WHICH LIGHTING COLOURS RESULT IN A SPACE TO LOOK BIGGER AS WELL AS DARKER SHADES ALLOW IT TO BE SHOW UP SMALLER SIZED. HOWEVER, IT CAN CONSIDERABLY MORE BE COMPLICATED COMPARED TO WHICH. ONE METHOD YOU MAY USE TO OBTAIN GORGEOUS COLOUR WITHIN YOUR BATHROOM WOULD BE TO BEAUTIFY HAVING A MONOCHROMATIC COLOR SCHEME, OR EVEN MAKE USE OF A COUPLE OF COLOURS, HOWEVER, THAT EVERY REVEAL EXACTLY THE SAME LIGHTING. YOU MAY ACTUALLY CHOOSE A TREE ECO-FRIENDLY DESIGNING SYSTEM, OR EVEN IF YOU WOULD LIKE MUCH MORE COLOUR BEAUTIFY ALONG WITH YELLOW-COLORED, VERY HOT RED AS WELL AS FRUIT THAT EVERY REVEAL EXACTLY THE SAME STRENGTHEN AS WELL AS STRENGTH. THESE GUIDELINES PERMIT DESIGNING SMALL BATHROOM TO BECOME SIMPLE ADDITIONALLY EASY. IT OCCURS CREATIVITY AND YOU MAY POSSESS A LITTLE MEASURED BATHROOM, WHICH IS LARGE UPON DESIGNING DESIGN VERY QUICKLY.

Dining Room Design Ideas THE PARTICULAR PLEASURE REGARDING TAKING MEALS WITH THE FAMILY MEMBER’S INCREASES GREATLY WHEN THE DECORATIONS HAVE BEEN CREATED WONDERFULLY. DINING ROOM DESIGN BEING PROBABLY THE MOST IMPORTANT AREA OF THE HOME REQUIRE A LOT OF CONCERNS WHILST CREATING. ARE YOU CURRENTLY ALSO GOING TO GET YOUR DINING ROOM RENOVATED? DO YOU ALSO WISH TO ALLOW IT TO BE A STYLISH PART OF YOUR HOME? ARE YOU CURRENTLY TIRED OF PEOPLE DULL AND LIFELESS DINING ROOM’S DECORATIONS? NICELY, ALL OF YOUR INQUIRIES HAVE AN ANSWER, HERE AT THIS ARTICLE. BY MAKING USE OF A PARTICULAR DECORATING DESIGN, IT IS POSSIBLE TO PUT IN FURNISHINGS AND ADD-ONES WHICH WILL MAKE GOOD TECHNIQUE ROOM INSIDE YOUR DINING ROOM. BEAR IN MIND DESIGN DESIGNS THAT ACCOMMODATE A VARIETY OF CONTAINERS AND SHELVES BECAUSE THESE TYPES OF CAN BE USED AS ADDITIONAL STORAGE SPACE. DECIDING ON THE DESIGN YOU TRULY CAN LIVE WITH, STILL IS IMPERATIVE AS THIS IS WHERE YOU WILL BECOME CONSUMING LOTS OF MEALS.

A FEW OF THE POPULAR DINING ROOM DESIGNS WITHIN HOMES TODAY ARE: AMERICAN FRANCE CRAFTSMAN INDUSTRIAL/MODERN

TRADITIONAL NATION

AFTER IDENTIFYING THE DESIGN FOR ANY DINING ROOM DESIGN, BEGIN COLOR. MOST TYPES OF DECORATING ACQUIRE OWN PARTICULAR COLOR PALETTE. FOR EXAMPLE, THE PARTICULAR FRANCE

NATION DESIGN IS ASSOCIATED WITH A COLOUR SCHEME REGARDING BLUES, YELLOWS AND WHITES. WHEN COMPARED, THE PARTICULAR INDUSTRIAL/MODERN DESIGN USUALLY CONSISTS OF A DULL, BLACK AND RED COLOUR SCHEME. FLOORS ARE A SIGNIFICANT FACTOR TO CONSIDER IN ANY DESIGN. WOULD YOU LIKE CARPETING, VINYL FABRIC, STONE, HARD WOOD OR TILE? IN THE EVENT THAT STICKING TO DESIGNS, AN AMERICAN TRADITIONAL DECOR WOULD CERTAINLY REVEAL HARD WOOD FLOORING, WHILST INDUSTRIAL WOULD CERTAINLY NECESSITATE SLEEK TILES. ALSO, WEIGH THE UPKEEP TIME FOR EVERY BEFORE MAKING A FINAL DEDICATION. IT IS IMPORTANT TO REMEMBER THAT COLOR WITHIN THE ROOM WILL NOT VISIT THE WALLS AND ROOF. MATERIALS ARE ESSENTIAL TO THE OVERALL DESIGN OF THE SPACE, ALSO. WINDOW BLINDS, SEAT COVERINGS, TABLECLOTHS AND JOGGERS MUST ALMOST ALL COORDINATE WITH ALL THE OVERALL COLOR PLAN. OVERALL, THE DINING ROOM DESIGN MUST REFLECT THE PARTICULAR DECOR IN THE REST OF THE ROOM IN STYLE, COLOR AND FUNCTION. DO NOT MORE THAN APPEAR MATERIAL SELECTIONS, EITHER. TAKE SOME TIME IN THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS AND ALSO THE OUTCOMES WILL BE VERY FULFILLING.

Kitchen Design Ideas IN THIS POST, WE WILL TALK ABOUT KITCHEN ISLANDS TYPES STYLE AND DESIGN. KITCHEN ISLANDS WOULD BE THE SOLUTION TO MAKING SPACE IN A FULL FILLED KITCHEN. IN THE LAST COUPLE OF YEARS, THEY HAVE GOT TO TURN OUT TO BE GREATLY WELL-KNOWN. THEY MAY BE UNIQUE COUNTER TOPS USED IN HOPES OF PLANNING FOOD. THEY MAY BE USUALLY SITUATED IN THE MIDDLE OF YOUR KITCHEN, AND THEY ARE WAISTLINE HIGHER OR MORE. THEY ARE ABLE TO DUEL LIKE A DESK FOR ANY FAST DINNER AND COULD BECOME BUILT WITH DISH WASHERS OR PERHAPS A FOOD PREPARATION VARIETY. EXACTLY LIKE THEY ARE PRESENTED IN A NUMBER OF FEATURES, ALSO, THEY ARE OBTAINABLE IN NUMEROUS STYLES. IN THIS POST, WE ARE GOING TO INCLUDE THE PRIMARY TYPES OF KITCHEN ISLAND AND OBTAIN THE CLEARER KNOWLEDGE OF THESE TYPES OF DIFFERENT TYPES. YOU WILL FIND THREE PRIMARY TYPES OF KITCHEN ISLANDS; THEY ARE ‘BUILT-IN KITCHEN ISLANDS, ‘KITCHEN CARTS’ AND ‘BUTCHER BLOCK KITCHEN ISLANDS. ONE OF THE PRIMARY TYPES MAY BE THE BUILT-IN KITCHEN ISLANDS TYPES. THESE TYPES ON THE ISLAND ARE A PERMANENT FIXTURE FROM THE KITCHEN AREA. TO SET UP THIS TYPES OF THE ISLE, YOU WILL HAVE TO RESEARCH THE GROUND SPACE OF YOUR KITCHEN AREA. THESE TYPES OF ISLAND COULD BE PERSONALIZED. YOU CAN FIND DATING THE FABRIC YOU WOULD LIKE FOR THE COUNTER. THE OPTIONS VARY FROM WOODEN OR EVEN ROCK IN ORDER TO STAINLESS-STEEL OR EVEN CERAMIC TILE. THE 2ND TYPE OF KITCHEN AREA OF KITCHEN ISLAND IS THE ‘KITCHEN CART’. KITCHEN CART WILL ALSO BE REFERRED TO AS ‘MOBILE KITCHEN ISLANDS’ THE REASON BEING THESE PEOPLE INCLUDE TIRES ON IT. THIS CAN BE A MUCH LESS UNTIDY AS WELL AS A FASTER CHOICE FOR ANY KITCHEN AREA IMPROVEMENT. SINCE THE KITCHEN, ISLAND COMES WITH TIRES IT MAY BE POSITIONED WHEREVER YOU NEED THIS. THE BUTCHERS BLOCK ISLANDS OBTAIN TO BE DERIVED FROM THE TRUTH THAT THESE WERE INITIALLY UTILIZED IN BUTCHER’S STORES. THE BUTCHERS ISLANDS PREVENT SHOT TO POPULARITY SINCE IT IS SIMPLE TO CLEAN, AND IT HAS A BIG, LONG LASTING REDUCING SURFACE AREA, WHICH IS READILY AVAILABLE. BUTCHERS PREVENT TYPES COULD BE BUILT-IN OR EVEN BUILT WITH TIRES.

V – REFERENCE FOR ARCHITECTURAL TERMS: DATE SEARCHED: DECEMBER 1, 2012:

HTTP://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/LIVING_ROOM

HTTP://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/DINING_ROOM HTTP://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/GARAGE_(HOUSE) HTTP://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/KITCHEN HTTP://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/LAUNDRY_ROOM HTTP://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/BATHROOM HTTP://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/CLOSET HTTP://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/LANAI_(ARCHITECTURE) HTTP://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/BEDROOM HTTP://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/BALCONY

FOR RELATED LITERATURE: DATE SEARCHED: DECEMBER 1, 2012 HTTP://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/STAIRWELL DATE SEARCHED: DECEMBER 3, 2012: HTTP://WWW.REALHOMESMAGAZINE.CO.UK/HOME-IMPROVEMENTS/ADDING-TWOSTOREY-EXTENSION HTTP://WWW.HOMEONDESIGN.COM

FOR SPATIAL PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS: PLANNING & DESIGNERS HANDBOOK (2ND EDITION) BY: MAX B. FAJARDO