Air Separation Ppt

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AIR SEPARATION PROCESS

GUIDE M.SRINIVAS

BY A.DEVIKA

Contents • • • • •

Introduction Properties Applications Available technologies Comparison of the processes

Introduction • An air separation plant separates atmospheric air into its primary components nitrogen, oxygen, argon and other rare inert gases.

Air Products has produced over 2000 air separation plants and currently owns and operates over 300 air separation plants

Composition of dry air Gas

% by Volume

% by Weight

Parts per Million (V)

Chemical Symbol

Nitrogen

78.08

75.47

780805

N2

Oxygen

20.95

23.20

209450

O2

Argon

0.93

1.28

9340

Ar

Carbon Dioxide

0.039

0.0606

390

CO2

Properties of Oxygen • Colourless • Odorless • Gas phase(Oxygen changes from a gas to a liquid at a temperature of -182.96°C) • Allotropes –Dioxygen, Ozone • Slightly soluble in water • Denser than air • Supports combustion but does not burn • Occur in many compounds including water,co2,iron ores

Properties of nitrogen • • • • •

Colourless Odorless Inert diatomic gas Molecular nitrogen condenses at −195.79 °C. Occur in many industrial compounds, such ammonia, nitric acid, organic nitrates

Applications Oxygen • • • •

Metal manufacturing Chemicals Petroleum refineries Glass and Ceramics Industry • Pulp and Paper Manufacturing • Health Care

Nitrogen • Nitrogen blanketing • Manufacturing and construction • Multi industries • Food and beverages • Rubber and plastic industry • Health care

Available technologies •Cryogenic process •Pressure Swing Adsorption •Membrane separation

Cryogenic distillation • The most common method for Air separation is Cryogenic distillation • Cryogenic Air separation is the preferred technology for producing very high purity O2 and N2

Cryogenic distillation

Cryogenic distillation column

Argon recovery

Pressure swing adsorption

Membrane technologies

Comparison with other processes

Future work • • • • • • •

Material and energy balance Equipment design Safety aspects Process control of the unit Materials of construction Plant location and layout Cost estimation

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