Ap Economy

q+¨Ü∞« ã¨∂zHõ

ZHÍ#q∞

1.

PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò |_≥˚\ò 2017–18 ( A.P. Budget 2017-18)....................................... 1–17

2.

Pi÷Hõ ™ê=∂lHõ 㨈~fi 2016-17 ( A.P. Socio Economic Survey 2016-17) ......18-99

3.

PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò „Ѩ}ÏoHõÅ∞ (A.P. Planning) ......................................................100-138

4.

Éèí∂ ã¨O㨯~°}Å∞ (A.P. Land Reforms)........................................................ 139-169

5.

PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò =º=™êÜ«∞O (`≥Å∞QÆ∞ JHÍ_»g∞) (A.P Agriculture ) I.

PO„^èŒ „Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’ =º=™êÜ«∞O – Éèí∂q∞ qxÜ≥∂QÆO ........................... 170-179

II.

~å„+¨ì h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ ™œHõ~åºÅ∞ –„áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ∞ .......................................... 180-193

III.

~å„+¨ìOÖ’ Éèí∂ ã¨O㨯~°}Å∞ – Éèí∂ ѨOÑ≤}© ........................................ 194-201

IV.

PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò =º=™êÜ«∞ Jaè=$kú – q^è•# K«~°ºÅ∞ .........................202-209

V.

=º=™êÜ«∞ Ѩ~°Ñ¨u – cè=∂ ã¨^Œ∞áêÜ«∂Å∞ ........................................210-219

VI.

=º=™êÜ«∞ =∂Ô~¯\˜OQ∑ – ^èŒ~°Å q^è•#O – PǨ~° Éèí„^Œ`« ............ 220-234

VII.

~å„+¨ìOÖ’ =º=™êÜ«∞ J#∞|O^èŒ =$`«∞ÎÅ∞........................................ 235-243

1

z~°Orq

PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò ~å„+¨ì |_≥˚\ò 2017–18 Pi÷Hõ =∞O„u Ü«∞#=∞Å ~å=∞Hõ$+¨µ‚_»∞ PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò ~å„+¨ì |_≥˚\ò 2017–18x =∂iÛ 15, 2017# âßã¨#ã¨ÉèíÖ’ „Ѩ"Õâ◊ÃÑ>ˇì#∞. nxÖ’ "≥Ú`«ÎO =ºÜ«∞ JOK«<å ~°∂.1,56,999 HÀ@∞¡. QÆ`« i"≥·*ò¤ |_≥˚\ò JOK«<åÅ`À áÈe¿ãÎ 18.3% Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ LOk. Ô~"≥#∂º Ö’@∞ ~°∂.416 HÀ@∞¡ (0.05%), HÀâ◊ Ö’@∞ ~°∂.23,054 HÀ@∞¡ (3%), „áê^äŒq∞Hõ Ö’@∞ 8,272 HÀ@∞¡ Ô~"≥#∂º ~å|_»∞Å∞

:

1,25,496 HÀ@∞¡

Ô~"≥#∂º =ºÜ«∞O

: 1,25,912 HÀ@∞¡

„ѨÉèí∞`«fi ~°∞}=Ú

:

30,019 HÀ@∞¡

=¸Å^èŒ# =ºÜ«∞O

:

21,959 HÀ@∞¡

~°∞}ÏÅ =ã¨∂Å∞

:

440 HÀ@∞¡

„ѨÉèí∞`«fi ~°∞} K≥e¡OѨ٠:

8,009 HÀ@∞¡

„ѨÉèí∞`«fi MÏ`å

:

1,032 HÀ@∞¡

~°∞}ÏÅ∞ J_®fi<£ûÅ∞

:

1,119 HÀ@∞¡

"≥Ú`«ÎO ~å|_»∞Å∞

:

1,56,988 HÀ@∞¡

"≥Ú`«ÎO =ºÜ«∞O

: 1,56,999 HÀ@∞¡

~å„+¨ì „ѨÉèí∞`«fi ~å|_»∞ÅÖ’ Ju ÃÑ^ŒÌ "å\Ï Ô~"≥#∂º ~å|_»∞Å∞. HÍQÍ, =ºÜ«∞OÖ’ Ju ÃÑ^ŒÌ "å\Ï Ô~"≥#∂º =ºÜ«∞O. D Ô~O_çO\˜H˜ =∞^茺# L#fl `Õ_® Ô~"≥#∂º Ö’@∞. 2014–15Ö’ Ô~"≥#∂º Ö’@∞ ~°∂.24,315 HÀ@∞¡, 2015–16Ö’ ~°∂.7,302 HÀ@∞¡, 2016–17Ö’ (R) ~°∂.4,598 HÀ@∞¡, 2017–18Ö’ ~°∂.415.8 HÀ@∞¡ ~å„+¨ì Ô~"≥#∂º ~å|_çÖ’ Ju ÃÑ^ŒÌ "å\Ï ~å„+¨ì Ѩ#∞flÅ∞, ã¨∞OHÍÅ∞ (~°∂.53,717 HÀ@∞¡). ~å„+¨ì Ѩ<Õfl`«~° ~å|_çÖ’ Ju ÃÑ^ŒÌ "å\Ï ˆHO„^ŒO #∞Oz =KÕÛ „QÍO\òÅ`À ã¨Ç¨ W`«~° ~å|_»∞Å∞. =ºÜ«∞OÖ’ Ju ÃÑ^ŒÌ "å\Ï Jaè=$kú =ºÜ«∞O ~°∂.86,602 HÀ@∞¡ (68.55 âß`«O) =¸Å^èŒ# =ºÜ«∞O (~°∞}ÏÅ∞, J_®fi<£ûÅ`À HõeÑ≤) ~°∂.23,078 HÀ@∞¡. 2017–18 |_≥˚\òÖ’ ~°OQÍÅ "ås ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ#∞ Ѩije¿ãÎ 1. Pi÷Hõ ¿ã=Å∞ : 56,575 HÀ@∞¡ (36.04%)

1.

2. ™êOѶ≤∞Hõ ¿ã=Å∞

:

51,269 HÀ@∞¡ (32.66%)

3. ™ê^è•~°} ¿ã=Å∞

:

49,154 HÀ@∞¡ (31.31%)

4. "≥Ú`«ÎO : 1,56,999 HÀ@∞¡ (100%) Pi÷Hõ ¿ã=Å∞Ö’ =º=™êÜ«∞O J#∞|O^èŒ ~°OQÍÅÖ’ (5.8%), „QÍg∞}Ïaè=$kú (12.5%) h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ =~°^ŒÅ x"å~°} (8.1%), â◊H˜Î (2.7%), Ѩi„â◊=∞Å∞ QÆ#∞Å∞ (1.3%), ~°"å}Ï (2.51%) âß„ã¨Î ™êOˆHuHõ Ѩi*Ï˝#=Ú, Ѩ~åº=~°}O "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞ JOâßÅ∞ LO\Ï~Ú. ™êOѶ≤∞Hõ ¿ã=ÅÖ’ ™ê^è•~°} q^Œº (12.98%), „H©_»Å∞, Ü«Ú=[# ¿ã=Å∞, ™êOˆHuHõ q^Œº, Hõà◊Å∞, ã¨O㨯 $u, "≥^· ºŒ =Ú, h\˜ ã¨~Ñ° ~¨¶ å áêiâ◊√^躌 =Ú, QÆ$ǨÅ∞, Ѩ@}ì Ïaè=$kú, ã¨OHˆ =∆ ∞O, ™êOѶ∞≤ Hõ Éè„í ^Œ`,« "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞ JOâßÅ∞ LO\Ï~Ú. ™êOѶ≤∞Hõ ¿ã=Å∞Ö’ JkèHõ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ ™ê^è•~°} q^ŒºÃÑ· [iÔQ#∞. Pi÷Hõ ¿ã=ÅÖ’ „QÍg∞}Ïaè=$k $kúÃÑ· [iÔQ#∞. ~å„+¨ì Ô~"≥#∂º ~å|_ç D q^èŒOQÍ LOk. Ѩ#∞flÅ∞, ã¨∞OHÍÅ∞ : 82,855.8 HÀ@∞¡ (66.02%) Z) ˆHO„^ŒO #∞O_ç ~å„ëêìxH˜ =zÛ# "å\Ï : 29,138 HÀ@∞¡

ZHÍ#q∞

2

z~°Orq

a) ~å„+¨ì Ѩ#∞flÅ∞ : 53,717 HÀ@∞¡ (42.8%) i) Éèí∂q∞ tã¨∞Î : 300 HÀ@∞¡ ii) J=∞‡HõO, "åºáê~°OÃÑ· Ѩ#∞flÅ∞ : 39,321 HÀ@∞¡ iii) ¿ãì\ò ZÔH· û*ò : 5,886 HÀ@∞¡ iv) W`«~åÅ∞ : 8,210 HÀ@∞¡ 2. Ѩ<Õfl`«~° ~å|_ç : 5,092 HÀ@∞¡ (4.06%) 3. „QÍO\òÅ∞ : 37,548 HÀ@∞¡ (29.92%) 4. "≥Ú`«ÎO (~°∂áêÜ«∞ÅÖ’) : 1,25,495.8 HÀ@∞¡ Ô~"≥#∂º =ºÜ«∂xfl Ѩije¿ãÎ J`«ºkèHõ =ºÜ«∞O ™êOѶ≤∞Hõ ¿ã=ÅÃÑ· [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. =¸Å^èŒ# =ºÜ«∞OÖ’ J`«ºkèHõ =ºÜ«∞ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ, =~°^ŒÅ x"å~°}ÃÑ· [iÔQ#∞. D |_≥˚\òÖ’ "≥Ú`«ÎO =¸Å^èŒ# =ºÜ«∞O ~°∂.21,959 HÀ@∞¡ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi ~°∞}Ïxfl Ѩije¿ãÎ 2017–18Ö’ J`«ºkèHõ ~°∞}=Ú |Ç≤Ï~°OQÆ =∂Ô~¯\ò #∞Oz fã¨∞‰õΩ#fl^Õ. 2017–18 JOK«<åÅÖ’ ~å„+¨ì GSDP Ö’ ~°∞}ÏÅ∞ 28.11 âß`«OQÍ LOk. 2017–18 <å\˜H˜ ~å„+¨ì "≥Ú`«ÎO JѨÙÊÅ∞ ~°∂.2,16,000 HÀ@∞¡. WO^Œ∞Ö’ ˆHO„^ŒO #∞Oz `≥K«∞ÛHÀ#∞#flq ~°∂.8,439 HÀ@∞¡. |Ç≤Ï~°OQÆ =∂Ô~¯\ò #∞O_ç fã¨∞‰õΩ#flq ~°∂.1,37,599 HÀ@∞¡. 2017–18 |_≥˚\òÖ’ q^ŒºÃÑ· KÕã≤# ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅÖ’ J`«ºkèHõ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ Ze"≥∞O@s q^ŒºÃÑ· [iÔQ#∞. =º=™êÜ«∞ ~°∞} =∂Ѷ‘H˜ D |_≥˚\òÖ’ ~°∂.3,600 HÀ@∞¡ ˆH\Ï~ÚOK≥#∞. (=ÚO^Œ∞ ã¨O=`«û~°O ~°∂.3,512 HÀ@∞¡) ¿Ñ^ŒÅ‰õΩ q^Œ∞º`ü ã¨aû_ôH˜ 3,300 HÀ@∞¡ ˆH\Ï~ÚOK≥#∞. P~ÀQƺO, ‰õΩ@∞O| ã¨OˆH∆=∞OÃÑ· 6,758 HÀ@∞¡ ˆH\Ï~ÚOK≥#∞. ˆHO„^ŒO #∞Oz PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò ~å„ëêìxH˜ =KÕÛ Ñ¨#∞fl ~å|_»∞ÅÖ’ Ju ÃÑ^ŒÌ Ѩ#∞fl ~å|_ç HÍ~˘Êˆ~+¨<£ Ѩ#∞fl, Ô~O_»=k P^•Ü«∞Ѩ#∞fl. ~å„+¨ì Ѩ#∞fl ~å|_çÖ’ Ju ÃÑ^ŒÌ "å\Ï J=∞‡HõѨ٠Ѩ#∞fl (39,321). ZÔH· û*ò ã¨∞OHõ=Ú, J=∞‡HõѨ٠Ѩ#∞fl, "åǨÏ<åÅÃÑ· Ѩ#∞fl, ã¨~°∞‰õΩÅ∞, „Ѩܫ∂}˜‰õΩÅÃÑ· Ѩ#∞flÅ∞, q^Œ∞ºK«ÛùH˜ÎÃÑ· Ѩ#∞flÅ∞ "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q =ã¨∞Î=ÙÅÃÑ· qkèOKÕ Ñ¨#∞flÅÖ’H˜ =™êÎ~Ú. Pi÷Hõ âßMÏ=∂`«∞ºÅ∞ |_≥˚\ò „Ѩã¨OQÆOÖ’x =ÚMϺOâßÅ∞: 2017-18 |_≥˚\ò#∞ 15 =∂iÛ, 2017# Pi÷Hõ âßMÏ=∂`«∞ºÅ∞ N Ü«∞#=∞Å ~å=∞Hõ$+¨µ‚_»∞ PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò âßã¨#ã¨ÉèíÖ’ „Ѩ"Õâ◊ ÃÑ\˜ì# ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOÖ’ PÜ«∞# „Ѩã¨OQÆOÖ’x =ÚMϺOâßÅ∞. q[<£ 2029Ö’ xˆ~útOK«∞‰õΩ#fl ÅH∆ͺÅ#∞ ™êkèOK«_»O HÀã¨O „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO `«# =ÚO^Œ∞OK«∞‰õΩ#fl Hõ~°Î"åºÅ#∞ D |_≥˚\ò „ѨuaOaã¨∞Î#flk. „Ѩ[Å PHÍOHõ∆ʼnõΩ J#∞QÆ∞}OQÍ „ѨÉèí∞`åfixfl 2016 JHÀì|~üÖ’ ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ #∞O_ç J=∞~å=uH˜ `«~°eOKÕ Hõiî# x~°‚Ü«∞O fã¨∞HÀ=_»"≥∞ÿ#k. ~å„+¨ì ѨÙ#~°fi º=ã‘÷Hõ~°} K«@ìO –2014Ö’ xˆ~útOz# QÆ_»∞=Ù Hõ<åfl =ÚO^Œ∞QÍ<Õ ~å[^è•xx `«~°eOK«_»"≥∞ÿ#k. ~å„ëêìaè=$kúx "ÕQÆ=O`«O KÕÜ«∞_»O HÀã¨O fã¨∞‰õΩ#fl x~°‚Ü«∞q∞k XHõ „ѨѨOK« ™ê÷~Ú ~å[^è•x #QÆ~åxfl xi‡OKåÅx „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO „Ѩܫ∞uflã¨∞Î#flk. ~å[^è•x #QÆ~°O J=∞~å=u 9 ~°OQÍÅ P^è•i`« #QÆ~°OQÍ ~°∂ѨÙk^Œ∞̉õΩO@∞Ok. ~å„+¨ì ~å[^è•x HÀã¨O Éèí∂¿ãHõ~°} Ѩ^ŒúuÖ’ Ô~·`«∞Å∞ ã¨fiK«ÛùO^ŒOQÍ Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ W=fi_»O [iyOk. U_®k HÍÅOÖ’<Õ D Éèí∂=ÚÖ’¡ `å`å¯eHõ ã¨z"åÅÜ«∞ ã¨=Ú^•Ü«∂xfl ѨÓiÎ KÕÃã#∞. 192 ~ÀAÅ iHÍ~°∞¤ =º=kèÖ’<Õ #∂`«# âßã¨#ã¨ÉèÏ Éèí=<åxfl xi‡OK≥#∞. XHõ¯ U_®k iHÍ~°∞¤ =º=kèÖ’<Õ Ñ¨ \ ˜ìã‘=∞ „áê*ˇ‰õΩì#∞ ѨÓiÎ KÕÃã#∞. â◊H˜Î WO^èŒ# =#~°∞Ö’¡ H˘~°`« ZHÍ#q∞

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™ê^è•~°} ã¨g∞Hõ∆ ( General Review)

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ã¨∂÷Å Pi÷Hõ "≥Ú`åÎÅ∞(( Macro Economic Aggregates)

3.

„ѨÉèí∞`«fi q`«ÎO (Public Finance)

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^èŒ~°Å∞ "Õ`«<åÅ∞, „Ѩ*Ï Ñ¨OÑ≤}© (Prices, Wages & Public Distribution)

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=º=™êÜ«∞O J#∞|O^èŒ ~°OQÍÅ∞(Agriculture & Allied Activities)

6.

Ѩi„â◊=∞Å∞ (Industries)

7.

Pi÷Hõ J=™ê÷Ѩ# ™œHõ~åºÅ∞(Economic Infrastructure)

8.

™êOѶ≤∞Hõ J=™ê÷Ѩ# ™œHõ~åºÅ∞(Social Infrastructure)

9.

¿Ñ^ŒiHõO, Láêkè =∞iÜ«Ú x~°∞^Àºy`« (Poverty, Employment & Unemployment)

10.

ã¨∞ã≤÷~åaè=$kú (Integrated Monitoring Frame Work for Sustainable Development)

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~åR qÉèí[#=Å¡ ~åR q`«Î =#~°∞ÅÃÑ· qѨs`«"≥∞ÿ# XuÎ_ç Ѩ_ç#k. D H˜¡+¨ì Ѩiã≤÷`«∞Å#∞O_ç ~å„ëêìxfl |Ü«∞@‰õΩ fã¨∞‰õΩ=KÕÛO^Œ∞‰õΩ xiÌ+ì¨ =$kú =ӺǨÅ#∞ J=∞Å∞Ѩiz ~Ô O_»OHÔ Å =$kúx ™êkèOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ „ѨÉ∞íè `«fiO „ѨÜ∞« `«flO KÕã∞¨ #Î flk. ~åÉ’ÜÕ∞ 15 ã¨O=`«û~åÖ’¡ ã¨∞ã≤~÷ ° ~Ô O_»OHÔ Å =$kú 12% ™êkèOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ „ѨÉ∞íè `«fiO „ѨÜ∞« uflã¨∞#Î flk. „ѨÉ∞íè `«fi „ѨÜ∞« `åflÅ∞, #∂`«# q^è•#Å =Å# 2016–17 ã¨O=`«û~åxH˜ =∞Oz ™ê=∞~å÷ºxfl Hõ#|iz#k. ã¨=∂[ ã¨O`ÀëêxH˜ ã¨∞ã≤÷~° =$kú J=ã¨~åxfl „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO QÆ∞iÎOzOk. =º=™êÜ«∞ Ѩi„â◊=∞ʼnõΩ „áê^è•#º`« W=fi_»O`À áê@∞ ¿ã"å~°OQÆOÖ’x LѨ~°OQÍʼnõΩ ‰õÄ_® „áê^è•#º`« Wã¨∞Î#flk. =$kúH˜ „Ѩ^è•# "å\Ï^•~°∞ ¿ã"å~°OQÆ"Õ∞. |Ǩïâ◊ „`≥·=∂ã≤Hõ =$kèú ˆ~@¡ÃÑ· ^Œ$+≤ìÃÑ_»∞`«∞#fl ~åRO PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò ~åR"Õ∞ HÍ=K«∞Û. QÆ`« 2 1/2 ã¨O=`«û~åÅ#∞O_ç „Ñ¨u „`≥·=∂ã≤HõOÖ’ ^Õâ◊ =$kú HõO>Ë ~åR =$kú Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ #"≥∂^Œ=Ù`«∞Ok. GSDP x

~åR P^•Ü«∞O Jx ‰õÄ_® Ñ≤Å==K«∞Û. XHõ =ã¨∞=Î Ùx ~Ô O_»∞™ê~°∞¡ ÖˇH¯˜ OK«‰Ωõ O_® ~åR Éè∫QÀoHõ ã¨iǨÏ^Œ∞ÅÌ Ö’ xs‚`« HÍÅOÖ’ Jxfl =ã¨∞οã=Å „^Œ=º qÅ∞"Õ ~åR P^•Ü«∞O. O =$kú ˆ~@∞#∞ QÆ}˜OKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ x~å‡}Ï`«‡Hõ"≥∞ÿ# =∂~°∞ÊÅ#∞ JOK«<å "Õ¿ãO^Œ∞‰õΩ Wk XHõ¯>Ë Ju =ÚYº"≥∞ÿ# Pi÷Hõ ã¨∂z. x~å‡}Ï`«‡Hõ =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞ O Jaè=$kú K≥O^Œ∞`«∞#fl Pi÷Hõ =º=ã¨÷Ö’ HÍÖÏ#∞QÆ∞}OQÍ P^è•~° ã¨O=`«û~°O =∂~°Û_»O =Å# x~å‡}Ï`«‡Hõ =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞ `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ=K«∞Û#∞. O SDP x Income Originating Approach Ö’ QÆ}˜™êÎ~°∞. O ~åR Éè∫QÀoHõ ã¨iǨÏ^Œ∞ÌÖ’¡ [iˆQ L`«ÊuÎ HÍ~°HÍÅ L`«ÊuÎx `≥eÜ«∞*ËÜ«Ú#∞. O SDP ^•xH˜ K≥Ok# ÉèÏ=#Å#∞ „Ѩã¨∞Î`« =∞iÜ«Ú ã≤÷~° ^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ JOK«<å "Õ™êÎ~°∞. O SDP =∞iÜ«Ú DDP Å#∞ ‰õÄ_® „Ѩã¨∞Î`«, ã≤÷~° ^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ JOK«<å "Õ™êÎ~°∞. H˘O`« HÍÅOÖ’ D JOK«<åÅ=Å# Pi÷Hõ =º=ã¨÷ kâ kâ◊Ö’ =KÕÛ =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞ `≥eÜ«Ú#∞. O SDP Ö’ ~°OQÍÅ "åi "å\ÏÅ∞ `≥Å∞ã¨∞H˘#∞@^•fi~å XHõ xiÌ+¨ì HÍÅOÖ’ "å㨠Π= x~å‡}Ï`« ‡ Hõ =∂~° ∞ ÊÅ∞ `≥eÜ«∞_»"Õ∞ H͉õΩO_® „Ѩ}ÏoHõÅ ~°∂ѨHõÅÊ#‰õΩ ^ÀǨÏ^ŒÑ¨_»∞#∞. O D JOK«<åÅ∞ [<åÉèÏ#∞ ‰õÄ_® ÖˇHõ¯Ö’H˜ fã¨∞‰õΩx QÆ}˜¿ãÎ `«Åã¨i =ã¨∞οã=Å ÅÉèíº``« `≥eÜ«Ú#∞. nx=Å¡ „Ѩ [ Å r=# „Ѩ=∂}O `≥Å∞ã¨∞HÀ=K«∞Û. nx<Õ =∞#O `«Åã¨i P^•Ü«∞O Jx Ñ≤Å∞™êÎ=Ú. O GDP JOK«<åÅ ^•fi~å x~å‡}Ï`«‡Hõ =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞ `≥eÜ«Ú#∞. =∞iÜ«Ú Pi÷Hõ =º=ã¨÷ "åã¨Î= =ÚY z„`«O `≥Å∞ã¨∞ÎOk. L^•Ç¨Ï~°}‰õΩ GSDP, `«Åã¨i P^•Ü«∞O (PCI) GFCE (Govt. Final Consumption Expenditure) #∂`«# P^è•~° ã¨O=`«û~°O =∂~°∞Ê O CSO, GDP x JOK«<å "Õ¿ãO^Œ∞‰õΩ P^è•~° ã¨O=`«û~åxfl 2004–05 #∞O_ç 2011–12‰õΩ =∂iÛ#k. (2008 System of National Account) `å*Ï ã¨ˆ~fiÅ #∞O_ç ¿ãHõiOz# ã¨=∂Kå~°O, ^Œ`åÎOâ◊ JO`«~åÅ#∞ `˘ÅyOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ Methodology =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞ g\˜#xflO\˜h D H˘`«Î P^è•~° ã¨O=`«û~°OÖ’ K«∂Ñ≤OK≥#∞. D =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞ JO`«~å˚fÜ«∞ ã¨iáÈeHõʼnõΩ ^ÀǨÏ^ŒÑ¨_»`å~Ú. O CSO ~å„ëêìÅ#∞ #∂`«# P^è•~° ã¨O=`«û~°O P^è•~°OQÍ ~åR P^•Ü«∂xfl QÆ}˜OK«=∞x ã¨∂zOK≥#∞. 2011-12 P^è•~° ã¨O=`«û~°OÖ’ "≥∞~°∞QÆ∞^ŒÅ O H˘`«Î „âı}˜Ö’ GVA =∞iÜ«Ú GSDP (nx<Õ JO`«~å˚fÜ«∞ ™ê÷~ÚÖ’ ‰õÄ_® GSDP QÍ Ñ≤Å∞™êÎ~°∞)Å#∞ JOK«<å "Õã∞¨ <Î åfl~°∞. O áê`« „âı}˜Ö’ (2004–05) GVA JOK«<åÅ#∞ HÍ~°Hõ ^èŒ~°Å =^ŒÌ QÆ}˜OKÕ"å~°∞ GSDP = Σ GVA { Product Taxes – Product Subsidies. O HÍ~˘Êˆ~\ò =º=Ǩ~åÅ =∞O„u`«fiâßY =^ŒÌ (Ministry of Corporate Affairs ) MCA „H˜O^Œ ^•YÅ∞ KÕã#≤ HõOÃÑh "åi¬Hõ BP

MP

BP

21

ZHÍ#q∞

33

z~°Orq

QÆ}ÏOHÍÅ#∞ ‰õÄ_® KÕ~°Û_»O =Å¡ =∂#∞ºá¶êºHõÛiOQ∑ =∞iÜ«Ú ¿ã=Å ~°OQÍÅ#∞ ‰õÄ_® ã¨=∞„QÆOQÍ Hõ=~ü KÕÜ«∞_»O [iyOk. O Stock Brokers, Stock Exchanges, SEBI, PFRDA, IRDA "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞ ã¨Oã¨÷Å#∞ ‰õÄ_® KÕ~°Û_»O =Å¡ q`« Î ~ ° O QÆ O Ü≥ÚHõ¯ Hõ=ˆ~*ò ‰õÄ_® ÃÑiyOk. O NSSO "åi `å*Ï JOK« < åÅ#∞ ‰õÄ_® KÕ~°Û_»O =Å¡ Ji÷Hõ =º=ã¨÷ "åã¨Î= Ѩiã≤÷u „QÆÇ≤ÏOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ gÅ∞Ok. GSDP JOK« < åÅ∞ O CSO Methodology P^è•~°OQÍ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ =¸_»∞ „`≥·=∂ã≤HÍÅ ^Œ`åÎOâ◊O P^è•~°OQÍ J_®fi<£û_£ JOK«<åÅ∞ "Õ™êÎ~°∞. O "≥Ú^Œ\ ,˜ ~Ô O_»= ã¨=iOz# JOK«<åÅ `«~åfi`« CSO `À Hõeã≤ 2 ã¨O.Å J#O`«~=° Ú 3= ã¨=iOz# JOK«<åÅ#∞ ã≤^OúŒ KÕ™êÎ~∞° . O ã≤÷~° =¸Å^èŒ# qxÜ≥∂QÆ=Ú, Supra Regional Sector, Central Non-Departmental Commercial Undertakings, Autonomous Bodies, Central Government Administration & Private Corporate Sector, Inputs H˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã¨=∂Kå~°O "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·# "åxH˜ K≥Ok# _Õ\Ï#∞ Jxfl ~å„ëêìʼnõΩ CSO JO^Œ*Ëã¨∞ÎOk. GSDP "åi¬ H õ JOK« < åÅ HÍºÖˇ O _» ~ ü O Central Statistical Office "å~°∞ GSDP H˜ ã¨O|OkèOz "åi¬Hõ JOK«<åÅ∞ q_»∞^ŒÅ KÕ¿ã HÍºÖˇO_»~ü#∞ „ѨHõ\ ˜OK≥#∞. 1. Advance Estimates : „Ѩu ã¨O==`«û~°O Ѷ≤„|=i 28 2. "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ i"≥·*ò¤ JOK«<åÅ∞ : [#=i 31 (ã¨O=`«û~°O ѨÓ~°Î~Ú# 10 <≥ÅÅ∞ `«~åfi`«) 3. 2= i"≥·*ò¤ JOK«<åÅ∞ : [#=i 31 Succeeding Year (1 ã¨O=`«û~°O 10 <≥ÅÅ∞ ѨÓiÎ J~Ú# `«~åfi`«) 4. 3= i"≥·*ò¤ JOK«<åÅ∞ : [#=i 31 (31st January of two Succeeding years,) (2 ã¨O=`«û~åÅ 10 <≥ÅÅ∞ ѨÓ~°~Î Ú# `«~∞° "å`«) "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ i"≥·*ò¤ JOK«<åÅ∞ – [#=i 31 (P ã¨O=`«û~°O ѨÓ~°Î~Ú# 10 <≥ÅÅ∞ `«~°∞"å`«): O ÉèÏ~°`« „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO QÆ}ÏOHÍÅ∞ q_»∞^ŒÅ KÕã≤# "å~°O ~ÀAÅ `«~°∞"å`« UÑ≤ ~å„+¨ì DES "å~°∞ AE, "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜, 2=, 3= ã¨=iOz# JOK«<åÅ#∞ ã¨OHõÅ#O KÕÜ«Ú#∞ (Compiles). "≥ Ú ^Œ \ ˜ J~°÷ ã¨O=`«û~°O GSDP JOK«<åÅ∞ (2016 U„Ñ≤Öò #∞Oz ÃãÃÑìO|~ü) O 2015–16 J_®fi<£û_£ JOK«<åÅÖ’ ã≤÷~° ^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ ~å„+¨ì Pi÷Hõ =$kúˆ~@∞ 10.99% O ^Õâ◊=ÚÖ’ „Ѩ^è•# ~å„ëêìÅÖ’ Ô~O_»OÔHÅ =$kúx #"≥∂^Œ∞ KÕã¨∞‰õΩ#fl XˆH XHõ ~å„+¨ì=Ú PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò. O ã¨∞ã≤~÷ ° „ѨÜ∞« `åflÅ∞, #∂`«# q^è•<åÅ∞ =Å# 2016–17 "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ J~°÷ ã¨O=`«û~°OÖ’ ‰õÄ_® 12.23% =$kú #"≥∂^Œ~ÚOk. GVA Estimates at Constant Basic Prices

2016–17 ã¨O=`«û~åxH˜ J_®fi<£û_£ JOK«<åÅÖ’ GVA at Constant Basic Prices 4,97,894 HÀ@∞¡, (2015–16 ã¨O=`«û~åxH˜ 4,47,819 HÀ@∞¡) JO>Ë =$kúˆ~@∞ 11.18% (*ÏfÜ«∞ =$kúˆ~@∞ 6.7%) ã≤÷~° ^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ GSDP O 2016–17 (AE)H˜ ã≤÷~° ^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ GSDP 5,47,021 HÀ@∞¡ (2015–16 H˜ 4,90,134 HÀ@∞¡) =$kúˆ~@∞ 11.61% O 2016–17Ö’ Horticulture (16.79%), Ѩâ◊√ ã¨OѨ^Œ (12.18%), KÕѨŠÃÑOѨHõO (30.09%), "≥∞ÿxOQ∑ (12.91%), =∂#∞ºá¶êºHõÛiOQ∑ (10.37%) q^Œ∞º`ü, h\˜ã~¨ Ñ° ~¨¶ å(12.53%), W`«~° ~°"å}Ï xÅfi (10.42%), ã¨=∂Kå~°O (15.02%), iÜ«∞Öò Z¿ãì\ò (10.39%), ™ê=∂lHõ =ºH˜ÎQÆ`« ¿ã=Å∞ (10%ÃÑ·#) "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞ LѨ~°OQÍÅ∞ Ô~O_»OÔHÅ =$kúx #"≥∂^Œ∞ KÕã∞¨ ‰õΩ#flq. =º=™êÜ«∞O – J#∞|O^èŒ~°OQÍÅ∞ ~åROÖ’ ã¨∞=∂~°∞ 62% [<åÉèÏ =º=™êÜ«∞O J#∞|O^èŒ ~°OQÍÅÃÑ· P^è•~°Ñ_¨ #≥ ∞. QÆ`« 3 ã¨O=`«û~åÅ #∞O_ç =º=™êÜ«∞O ZHÍ#q∞

34

z~°Orq

J#∞|O^èŒ ~°OQÍÅ =$kú ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∂ =ã¨∞Î#flk. O 2016–17Ö’ =º=™êÜ«∞O J#∞|O^è~Œ O° QÍÅ∞, 1,38,833 HÀ@∞¡ P^•Ü«∂xfl JOkã¨∂,Î 14.03% =$kúx Hõey LOk. =º=™êÜ«∞O, ǨiìHõÅÛ~ü HõeÑ≤ 9.19% =$kúx #"≥∂^Œ∞KÕã¨∞‰õΩ#flq. O 28% =~°¬áê`«O `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#flѨÊ\˜H© Éèí∂QÆ~°ƒù[ÖÏÅ∞ J_»∞QÆO@∞`«∞#flѨÊ\˜H© XHõ¯ =º=™êÜ«∞O =∂„`«"Õ∞ fã¨∞‰õΩO>Ë 2.03% =$kúx #"≥∂^Œ∞KÕã¨∞‰õΩOk. (=ÚO^Œ∞ ã¨O=`«û~°O |∞∞}Ï`«‡Hõ =$kú(–9.94) x Hõey LOk) O ǨiìHõÅÛ~ü, LѨ~°OQÍxfl PǨ~°O, áÈ+¨Hõ Éèí„^Œ`«‰õΩ =ÚYº"≥∞ÿ# JOâ◊OQÍ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO QÆ∞iÎOzOk. ÃÑ·QÍ nx =$kú ˆ~@∞ ‰õÄ_® QÆ`« 3 ã¨O=`«û~åÅ#∞Oz ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∂ =ã¨∞Î#flk. 2016–17Ö’ 16.79% =$kúx #"≥∂^Œ∞KÕã¨∞‰õΩOk. nxH˜ HÍ~°}O `«∞OѨ~¿° ã^二 O, aO^Œ∞¿ã^ŒºO, Polynets, Shadenets, ѨO@ ã¨Or=x, ѨO@~°H∆õ =O\˜ Ѩ^HŒä ÍÅ#∞ „Ѩ"âÕ Ã◊ Ñ@ì_"» ∞Õ . ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞#∞ L^•º#=# ѨO@Å ˆHO„^ŒOQÍ (Hub) fiÛk^ŒÌ_®xH˜ Wq LѨÜ≥∂QÆѨ_»`å~Ú. O ǨiìHõÅÛ~ü ZO`À HÍÅO =º=™êÜ«∞~°OQÆOÖ’ LѨ~°OQÆOQÍ LO_»É’^Œ∞. ZO^Œ∞HõO>Ë Ç¨iÛHõÅÛ~ü =º=™êÜ«∞ LѨ~°OQÆ "å\Ï#∞ JkèQÆq∞Oz#k. O Hõ~°∞=Ù ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ ‰õÄ_® P^•Ü«∞ ã¨$+≤ìÖ’ Ѩâ◊√ã¨OѨ^Œ „Ѩ`åº=∂flÜ«∞ =#~°∞QÍ P^•Ü«∞ ã¨$+≤ìx Wã¨∞Î#flk. Ѩâ◊√ã¨OѨ^Œ ~°OQÆOÖ’ 12.18% =$kú #"≥∂^Œ~ÚºOk. áêÅ L`«ÊuÎ, =∂Oã¨=Ú, „QÆ∞_»∞¡, =¸_»∞ ~°OQÍÅÖ’ Ô~O_»OÔHÅ =$kú #"≥∂^Œ=_»O`À Ѩâ√◊ ã¨OѨ^ÖŒ ’ D =$kú #"≥∂^Œ∞ J~ÚºOk. Ѩâ√◊ ã¨OѨ^Œ ~°OQÆOÖ’ Ѩâ√◊ =ÙÅ ^•}ÏxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz ã¨~Ô #· q^è•#O, „ѨÉ∞íè `«fi K«~º° Å =Å# =º=™êÜ«∞ GVA Ö’ Ѩâ√◊ ã¨OѨ^Œ "å\Ï 28%QÍ LOk. JO`ÕHÍHõ =º=™êÜ«∞~°OQÆOÖ’ LѨ~°OQÍÅ#∞ Ѩâ◊√ã¨OѨ^Œ JkèQÆq∞Oz#k. O D =∞^茺HÍÅOÖ’ KÕѨŠÃÑOѨHõ=ÚÖ’ Z‰õΩ¯= =$kú #"≥∂^Œ=Ù`«∞#flk. =º=™êÜ«∞ LѨ~°OQÍÅÖ’ nx "å\Ï ã¨=∂#=∞=Ù`«∞#flk. ã¨=Ú„^ŒÑ¨Ù KÕѨÅ∞(2.26%), =∞Ozh\˜ KÕѨÅ∞(13.23%), ã¨=Ú„^ŒÑ¨Ù ~˘Ü«∞ºÅ∞ (42%)Ö’ =$kú "≥Ú`«ÎO g∞^Œ =∞`«ûºã¨OѨ^ŒÖ’ =$kúH˜ 30.09%H˜ KÕiÛ#q. O 2016–17Ö’ J@g ã¨OѨ^Œ |∞∞}Ï`«‡Hõ`« (–2.38%) x #"≥∂^Œ∞ KÕã¨∞‰õΩOk. áêi„âßq∞Hõ ~°OQÆO O áêi„âßq∞Hõ ~°OQÆOÖ’, "≥∞xÿ OQ∑, Manufacturing q^Œ∞º`ü, Qͺãπ, h\˜ã~¨ Ñ° ~¨¶ å, x~å‡}=Ú "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q. LѨ~O° QÍÅ∞QÍ LO\Ï~Ú. O 2016–17 (AE) ã¨O=`«û~åxH˜ ã≤÷~°^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ Ѩi„â◊=∞Å∞, 1,30,509 Cr. qÅ∞=Ö’ 10.05% =$kúˆ~@∞#∞ Hõey L#flk. O 2016–17Ö’ "≥∞xÿ OQ∑, Manufacturing, q^Œ∞º`ü ~°OQÆOÖ’ ~Ô O_»OHÔ Å =$kú #"≥∂^≥O· k. (x~å‡} ~°OQÆO q∞#Ǩ~ÚOz). ¿ã"å~°OQÆO O GVA Ö’ ¿ã"å~°OQÆO "å\Ï ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∂ =ã¨∞Î#flk. "≥Ú`«ÎO =$kú ˆ~@∞#∞ #_çÑ≤OKÕ WOl<£QÍ Ñ¨xKÕã¨∞Î#flk. O ¿ã"å~°OQÆOÖ’ Ô~·ÖËfiÅ∞ |∞∞}Ï`«‡Hõ =$kúx #"≥∂^Œ∞KÕã∞¨ ‰õΩ#flq. =~°HÎ Oõ , Ǩϟ@ÖòÅ∞, ÉϺOH˜OQ∑, c=∂ã¨Oã¨Å÷ ∞ ~Ô O_»OHÔ Å =$kú HõO>Ë `«‰õΩ¯= =$kúx #"≥∂^Œ∞KÕã¨∞‰õΩ#flq. q∞ye# LѨ~°OQÍÅ∞ Ô~O_»OÔHÅ =$kúx #"≥∂^Œ∞KÕã¨∞‰õΩ<åfl~Ú. "≥Ú`«ÎO g∞^Œ ¿ã"å~°OQÆO 10.16% =$kúx Hõ#|iz#k. O 2016–17Ö’ ¿ã"å~°OQÆO qÅ∞= 2,28,551 HÀ@∞¡

„Ѩã¨∞Î`«O ^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ O

GSDP

JOK«<åÅ∞

GVA at Current Basic Price

ZHÍ#q∞

H˜ Product Taxes HõeÑ≤ Product Subsidies fã≤"Õ¿ãÎ GSD ÅaèOK«∞#∞. MP

35

z~°Orq

JOâ◊O 1. =º=™êÜ«∞ ~°OQÆO 2. áêi„âßq∞Hõ ~°OQÆO

O O

O

O

GSDPÖ’

"å\Ï(%) 31.77 22.23

=$kúˆ~@∞ (%) 17.66 10.16

3. ¿ã"å ~°OQÆO

2,95,186

46.00

16.01

4.

GVA

6.41,697

100.00

15.16

5.

Product Taxes

72,365

-

-

6.

Product Subsidies

14,755

-

-

7.

GSDP

6,99,307

8.

NSDP

6,20,974

9. [<åÉèÏ O

„Ѩã¨∞Î`« ^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ GSDP 2,03,860 HÀ@∞¡ 1,42,651

14.65

13.81

5.07 HÀ@∞¡

–

–

10. `«Åã¨i P^•Ü«∞O(PCI) 1,22,376 ~°∂II 13.14 2016–17 ã¨O=`«û~åxH˜ GVA at Current Basic Price 6,41,697 HÀ@∞¡. =º=™êÜ«∞=Ú J#∞|O^èŒ ~°OQÍÅ#∞ LѨ ~°OQÍÅ "åsQÍ q_»n¿ãÎ J=~ÀǨÏ} „Hõ=∞OÖ’ =~°∞㨠WÖÏ LOk. Ѩâ◊√ ã¨OѨ^Œ > ǨiìHõÅÛ~ü > =º=™êÜ«∞O > KÕѨŠÃÑOѨHõO > J_»=ÙÅ∞ 59,796 > 52,489 > 44,682 > 43,538 > 3355 áêi„âßq∞Hõ ~°OQÆOÖ’ Jq JOkOKÕ "å\ÏÅ∞ |\˜ì =~°∞㨄Hõ=∞OÖ’ =∂#∞ºá¶êºHõÛiOQ∑ > x~å‡}O > "≥∞ÿxOQ∑ > q^Œ∞º`ü h\˜ ã¨~°Ñ¶¨~å 57,408 > 54,677 > 17,576 > 12,989 ¿ã"å ~°OQÆOÖ’ Jk JOkOKÕ "å\ÏÅ∞ |\˜ì =~°∞㨠„Hõ=∞OÖ’ W`«~° ¿ã=Å∞ > iÜ«∞Öò Z¿ãì\ò > =~°HõÎO Ǩϟ@à◊√¡ > ~°"å}Ï xÅfi > „ѨÉèí∞`«fi áêÅ# > q`«ÎO > ã¨=∂Kå~°O > Ô~·ÖËfi JOâ◊O ã≤÷~° ^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ GSDP GSDPÖ’ "å\Ï(%) =$kúˆ~@∞ (%) 1. =º=™êÜ«∞ ~°OQÆO 1,38,833 HÀ@∞¡ 27.88 14.03 CP

2. áêi„âßq∞Hõ ~°OQÆO

1,30,509

26.21

10.05

3. ¿ã"å ~°OQÆO

2,28,551

45.90

10.16

4.

GVA

4.97,894

100.00

11.18

5.

GSDP

5,47,021

-

11.61

6.

NSDP

4,84,930

-

11.62

-

10.97

7. `«Åã¨i P^•Ü«∞O(PCI) O O

95,566 (~°∂.)

ã≤÷~° ^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ =º=™êÜ«∞ ~°OQÆO "å\Ï 27.88% =º=™êÜ«∞OÖ’ 2016–17(AE)Ö’ qq^èŒ ~°OQÍÅ∞ Jq JOkOKÕ "å\ÏÅ∞ J=~ÀǨÏ} „Hõ=∞OÖ’ (âß`åÅÖ’) Ѩâ◊√ã¨OѨ^Œ > ǨÏiìHõÅÛ~ü > =∞`«ûº ã¨OѨ^Œ > =º=™êÜ«∞O > J@g ã¨OѨ^Œ

ZHÍ#q∞

36

z~°Orq

7.87% > 6.83% > O

6.33% > 0.46%

áêi„âßq∞Hõ ~°OQÆOÖ’ Jq JOkOKÕ "å\ÏÅ∞ =~°∞㨠„Hõ=∞OÖ’ =∂#∞ºá¶êºHõÛiOQ∑ 10.22%

O

6.40% >

> >

x~å‡} ~°OQÆO 9.40%

> >

"≥∞ÿxOQ∑

>

3.83%

q^Œ∞º`ü Qͺãπ h\˜ ã¨~°Ñ¶¨~å >

2.76%

¿ã"å ~°OQÆOÖ’ JkèHõ "å\ÏÅ#∞ JOkOKÕq =~°∞㨠„Hõ=∞OÖ’ 1. =~°ÎHõO Ǩϟ@à◊√¡, Ô~™êìÔ~O@∞¡ : 8.88%

3.

W`«~° ¿ã=Å∞

:8.65%

2. iÜ«∞Öò Z¿ãì\ò : 8.87% 4. W`«~° ~°"å}Ï =∞iÜ«Ú xÅfi :7.82% `«Åã¨i P^•Ü«∞O O „Ѩ[Å r=# „Ѩ=∂}Ïxfl ã¨∂zOKÕk `«Åã¨i P^•Ü«∞O. CSO =∂~°æ^Œ~°≈HÍÅ „ѨHÍ~°O NSDP x ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ ã¨O=`«û~° =∞^茺 [<åÉèÏ`À ÉèÏy¿ãÎ `«Åã¨i P^•Ü«∞O Åaèã¨∞ÎOk. O 2016–17(AE)Ö’ `«Åã¨i NSDP „Ѩã∞¨ `Î « ^è~Œ Å° Ö’ 1,22,376 (=ÚO^Œ∞ ã¨O=`«û~°O 1,08,163) =$kú ~ˆ @∞ 13.14. O ã≤÷~° ^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ `«Åã¨i NSDP 95,566 (=ÚO^Œ∞ ã¨O=`«û~°O 86,118) =$kúˆ~@∞ 10.97% O 2016–17 ( AE)Ö’ „Ѩã¨∞Î`« ^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ ~å„+¨ì `«Åã¨i P^•Ü«∞O 1,22,376 ~°∂áêÜ«∞Å∞ O *ÏfÜ«∞ ™ê÷~Ú (~°∂.1,03,818 ~°∂II) `«Åã¨i P^•Ü«∞O HõO>Ë ~å„+¨ì `«Åã¨i P^•Ü«∞O Z‰õΩ¯=. ~°OQÍÅ"åi "å\Ï O 2016–17 (AE) Ö’ GVA Ö’ „Ѩã∞¨ `Î « ^è~Œ Å° Ö’ =º=™êÜ«∞O "å\Ï 31.77% Ѩi„â◊=∞Å "å\Ï 22.23% ¿ã=Å "å\Ï 46%. JOâ◊O „Ѩã¨∞Î`« ^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ ã≤÷~° ^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò WO_çÜ∂« PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò WO_çÜ∂« 1. =º=™êÜ«∞~°OQÆO 31.77% 17.32% 27.88% 15.11% 2. áêi„âßq∞Hõ~°OQÆO 22.23% 29.02% 26.21% 31.12% 3. ¿ã"å~°OQÆO 46% 53.66% 45.90% 53,77% GSDP =∞iÜ« Ú GDP 㨠i áÈeHõ ã¨O=`«û~°O AP India „Ѩã∞¨ `Î « =$kú~ˆ @∞ ã≤÷~° ^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ =$kúˆ~@∞ „Ѩã∞¨ `Î « =$kú~ˆ @∞ ã≤~÷ ° =$kúˆ~@∞ ^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ ^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ ^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ GSDP

GSDP

GDP

GDP

2016–17 (AE) 6,99,307 14.65% 5,47,021 11.61% 1,52,51,028 11.52% 1,21,65,481 7.11 O 2016–17 (AE) Ö’ „Ѩã¨∞Î`« ^èŒ~°ÅÖ’#∂ ã≤÷~°^èŒ~°ÅÖ’#∂ ~åR =$kú ˆ~@∞ HõO>Ë ^Õâ◊ =$kúˆ~@∞ `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ LOk. O ã≤÷~° ^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ ^Õâ◊=$kúˆ~@∞ 7.11% HÍQÍ ~åR =$kèú ˆ~@∞ 11.61%. Demonetization ~åR K« ~ ° º Å∞ O 2016 November 8# ˆHO„^ŒO KÕã≤# 500, 1000 <À@∞¡ ~°^Œ∞Ì#∞ ~åRO ‰õÄ_® PǨfixOzOk. nx=Å¡ #Å¡^èŒ#O ZHÍ#q∞

37

z~°Orq

`«ˆQæO^Œ∞‰õΩ J=HÍâ◊O LOk. ~å[H©Ü«∞ =º=ã¨÷ ‰õÄ_® Ѩiâ◊√kú á⁄O^ŒQÆÅ^Œ∞. O JkèHõ qÅ∞= HõÅ HõÔ~hû <À@∞¡ ~°^Œ∞Ì KÕÜ«∞_»O`À „Ѩ[Å∞ `å`å¯eHõOQÍ Z^Œ∞~˘¯<Õ ã¨=∞㨺Å#∞ `˘ÅyOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ „Ѩ[Å#∞ _çl@Öò K≥e¡OѨÙÅ "≥·Ñ¨Ù „"≥ÚˆQæ@@∞¡ „áÈ`«ûÇ≤ÏOK≥#∞. O ~åÉ’ÜÕ∞ ~ÀAÅÖ’ Pi÷Hõ =º=ã¨÷Ö’ `«‰õΩ¯= #QÆ^Œ∞ LO_Õ@@∞¡ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO „Ѩܫ∞uflã¨∞Î#flk. _çl@Öò K≥e¡OѨÙʼnõΩ JÜÕ∞º =ºÜ«∞O `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ LO>Ë _çl@Öò Pi÷Hõ „áÈ`åûǨÏHõ~°OQÍ LO@∞O^Œx „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO ÉèÏqOK≥#∞. O HõÔ~hû <À@¡ ~°^Œ∞Ì =Å# ^Õâ◊ Pi÷Hõ =$kúˆ~@∞ `«yæáÈQÆÅ=x JOK«<å "ÕÃã#∞. J~Ú`Õ 2016–17 (AE ) Ö’ CSO JOK«<åÅÖ’ Pi÷Hõ =º=ã¨÷ÃÑ· _ç"≥∂<À>ˇÿ*Ë+¨<£ „ѨÉèÏ=O ÃÑ^ŒÌQÍ ÖË^Œx `≥Å∞ã¨∞Î#flk. =∞O_»Å L`«ÊuÎ (Mandal Domestic Product) 2011–12 P^è•~° ã¨O=`«û~°OÖ’ =∞# ~åROÖ’ =∞O_»Å ^ÕjÜ≥∂`«ÊuÎx (=∞O_»Å P^•Ü«∞O) ‰õÄ_® q[Ü«∞=O`«OQÍ QÆ}˜OK≥#∞. 2014–15 =∞O_»Å P^•Ü«∞O P^è•~°OQÍ xÜ≥∂[Hõ=~°æ P^•Ü«∂xfl ‰õÄ_® "≥#∞Hõ|_ç# xÜ≥∂[Hõ=~åæÅ#∞ QÆ∞iÎOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ JOK«<å "ÕÃã#∞. Constituency Domestic Product

O

^Õâ◊OÖ’ PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò ~åR"Õ∞ LѨ lÖÏ¡Å "åsQÍ JO>Ë =∞O_»ÖÏÅ∞ "åsQÍ P^•Ü«∂Å#∞ QÆ}˜OK≥#∞. O 2014–15 ã¨O=`«û~åxH˜ „Ѩã¨∞Î`« ^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ =∞O_»ÖÏÅ "åsQÍ (MDP) xÜ≥∂[Hõ=~åæÅ "åsQÍ (CDP) P^•Ü«∂xfl QÆ}O˜ K≥#∞. nx=Å¡ xÜ≥∂[Hõ=~°Oæ Ö’ „Ѩ"âÕ Ã◊ Ñ\˜#ì "≥∞~°∞QÔ #· q^è•<åÅ#∞ "≥#∞Hõ|_ç# xÜ≥∂[Hõ=~åæÅÖ’ PK«iOK«=K«∞Û. O xÜ≥∂[Hõ=~åæÅ "åsQÍ Ñ¨ije¿ãÎ JkèHõ GVA QÆÅ xÜ≥∂[Hõ=~°æO 1. QÍA"åHõ, 2. q[Ü«∞"å_» (Ѩ_»=∞~°) 3. q[Ü«∞"å_» (`«∂~°∞Ê) O `«‰õΩ¯= GVA QÆÅ xÜ≥∂[Hõ=~°æO 1. áê`«Ñ¨@flO (NH͉õΩà◊O) 2. =∞_»Hõt~° (J#O`«Ñ¨Ó~ü) O xÜ≥∂[Hõ=~åæÅ "åiQÍ Ñ¨ije¿ãÎ JkèHõ `«Åã¨i P^•Ü«∞O QÆÅ xÜ≥∂[Hõ=~°æO 1. QÍA"åHõ : 2,64,232 2. qâßYѨ@flO (Ѩ_»=∞~°) : 1,74,109 3. ÔH·HõÅ∂~°∞ : 1,70,377 4. q[Ü«∞"å_» (Ѩ_»=∞~°) : 1,66,853 5. q[Ü«∞"å_» (`«∂~°∞Ê) : 1,63,849 O `«‰õΩ¯= `«Åã¨i P^•Ü«∞O QÆÅ xÜ≥∂[Hõ=~°æO 1. WKåÛùѨÙ~°O : 46,905 2. áê`«Ñ¨@flO : 51,038 ÉèÏ~°`«^Õâ◊ GDP „Ѩã¨∞Î`« ^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ ã≤÷~°^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ JOâ◊O P^•Ü«∞O GDPÖ’ GDP P^•Ü«∞O GDPÖ’ GDP "å\Ï =$kú "å\Ï =$kú 1. =º=™êÜ«∞ ~°OQÆO 17.32% 9.64% 15.11% 4.37% 2. áêi„âßq∞Hõ ~°OQÆO 29.02% 8.32% 31.12% 5.77% 3. ¿ã"å~°OQÆO 53.66% 11.87% 53.77% 7.87% 4. GVA 137,50,786 100% 10.43% 111,68,314 100% 6.67% 5. GDP 152,51,028 11.52% 121,65,481 7.11% 6. PCI NNI 1,03,818 10.20% 82,112 5.92% ZHÍ#q∞ 38 z~°Orq BP

3. „ѨÉèí∞`«fi q`«ÎO ~åR qÉèí[# =Å¡ H˘xfl H˜¡+¨ì ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ Z^Œ∞~˘¯#flѨÊ\˜H© ~åR Pi÷Hõ =º=ã¨÷ =∞Oz =$kúˆ~@∞#∞ #"≥∂^Œ∞KÕã≤Ok. =∞Oz q[<£QÅÆ <åÜ«∞Hõ`fi« O ã¨=∞~°=ú O`«"∞≥ #ÿ x~°fiǨÏ} ^•fi~å ã¨q∞‡o`«, ã¨=∂#`«fi, ã¨∞ã≤~÷ ° Jaè=$kúx ™êkèOK«∞@ ^•fi~å ã¨fi~å‚O„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòQÍ =∂ˆ~ÛO^Œ∞‰õΩ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO „Ѩܫ∞uflã¨∞ÎOk. ~åR ~å|_ç 2015–16 Pi÷Hõ ã¨O=`«û~åxH˜ ~åR ™⁄O`« ~å|_ç 39,922 HÀ@∞¡. JOâ◊O 2015–16 2016–17 (RE) 1. ™⁄O`« Ѩ#∞fl ~å|_ç 39,922 Cr 49,282 HÀ@∞¡ 4,500 HÀ@∞¡ 2. ™⁄O`« Ѩ<Õfl`«~° ~å|_ç 4,920 Cr 54,011 HÀ@∞¡ 3. ˆHO„^ŒO #∞Oz |kbÅ∞ 45,249 Cr ~åR ™⁄O`« Ѩ#∞fl ~å|_ç 2015–16 Ö’ ™⁄O`« Ѩ#∞fl ~å|_ç 39,922 HÀ@∞¡, 2016–17 (RE) Ö’ ™⁄O`« Ѩ#∞fl ~å|_ç 49,282 HÀ@∞¡. 2016–17 Ö’ ~åR ™⁄O`« Ѩ#∞fl ~å|_çx qq^èŒ =~åæÅ∞QÍ q_»n¿ãÎ =.ã¨O. q+¨Ü«∞O 2016–17 (%) 1. J=∞‡HõO Ѩ#∞fl 36,100 HÀ@∞¡ 73.00 2.

State Excise

5,300 HÀ@∞¡

3.

"≥∂\Ï~°∞ "åǨÏ<åÅÃÑ· Ѩ#∞fl

2,681 HÀ@∞¡

5.44

4.

™êìOѨÙÅ∞   il„¿ãì+¨#∞¡

3,500 HÀ@∞¡

7.10

5.

Éèí∂q∞ tã¨∞Î

631 HÀ@∞¡

1.28

6.

=$uΠѨ#∞fl

352 HÀ@∞¡

0.7

7.

q^Œ∞º`ü Ѩ#∞fl

320 HÀ@∞¡

0.6

10.75 (11)

~åR ™⁄O`« Ѩ<Õfl`«~° ~å|_ç ♦ ~åR ™⁄O`« Ѩ<Õfl`«~° ~å|_ç 2015–16Ö’ 4,920 HÀ@∞¡. ♦ 2016–17 (RE) Ö’ 4,500 HÀ@∞¡. ♦ ™⁄O`« Ѩ<Õfl`«~° ~å|_çÖ’ QÆ#∞Å∞, J_»=ÙÅ∞, q^Œº W`«~° Ô~"≥#∂º P^è•~åÅ∞ ÉèÏQÍÅ∞. ♦ 2015–16 Ö’ QÆ#∞Å∞ 25%, J_»=ÙÅ∞ 20%, q^Œº 21% JOkã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú. ♦ 2016–17 Ö’ ™⁄O`« Ѩ<Õfl`«~° ~å|_çÖ’ J`«ºkèHõ "å\Ï Mines & Minerals 38%. ♦ Ô~O_»=k q^Œº –16% ♦ =¸_»=k J_»=ÙÅ∞ – 9% ˆHO„^ŒO #∞Oz |kbÅ∞ : 2015 –16Ö’ ˆHO„^ŒO #∞Oz ~å„ëêìxH˜ =zÛ# =#~°∞Å∞ 42,249 HÀ@∞¡. 2016–17Ö’ ZHÍ#q∞

39

z~°Orq

O

(RE) 54,011 HÀ@∞¡ |kb J~ÚOk. D |kbÅÖ’ Pi÷Hõ ã¨OѶ¨∞O ã¨∂zOz# "Õ∞~°‰õΩ |kb J~Ú# "≥Ú`åÎÖË Z‰õΩ¯=. 2015–16Ö’ 30,078, 2016–17 (RE)Ö’ 33,630 HÀ@∞¡ q`«Î ã¨OѶ¨∞O ã≤á¶ê~°ã¨∞ÅÃÑ· ÅaèOzOk.

ˆHO„^ŒO #∞Oz ~å„ëêìxH˜ |kbÅ∞ Pi÷Hõ ã¨OѶ¨∞O

2014–15 15,557

2015–16 30,078

2016–17 (RE) 33,630

Z) Ѩ#∞ÅÖ’ "å\Ï

11,446

21,879

26,264

4,071

8,199

7,366

„Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O

11,998

12,668

17,346

Z) ™ê^è•~°} „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O

11,542

11,978

16,350

a) Externally aided Projects

456

690

996

3.

„Ѩ}ÏoˆH`«~° „QÍO@∞¡

588

1,746

3,935

4.

„Ѩ}ÏoˆH`«~° ~°∞}ÏÅ∞

466

757

– 900

28,569

45,249

54,011

1.

a) „QÍO@∞¡ 2.

"≥Ú`«OÎ ~å„+¨ì =ºÜ«∞O

2015–16Ö’ ~å„+¨ì "≥Ú`«ÎO =ºÜ«∞O ("Õãπ   g∞<£û J_®fi<£ûÅ∞ q∞#Ǩ~ÚOz) 1,10,510 HÀ@∞¡ . 2016–17 (RE)Ö’ 1,26,871 HÀ@∞¡. ♦

2015–16 Ö’ Ô~"≥#∂º =ºÜ«∞O

~°∂. 95,950 HÀ@∞¡

♦

2016–17 Ö’ Ô~"≥#∂º =ºÜ«∞O

~°∂. 1,12,306 HÀ@∞¡

♦

2015–16 Ö’ =¸Å^èŒ# =ºÜ«∞O

~°∂. 14,172 HÀ@∞¡

O

h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ, ~À_»∞,¡ J=™ê÷Ñ<¨ å ã¨^∞Œ áêÜ«∂Å∞ "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞ "åxÃÑ· KÕ¿ã =ºÜ«∞=Ú =¸Å^è#Œ =ºÜ«∞=Ú. Wk PO„^è„Œ Ѩ^âÕ ò Jaè=$kúH˜ LѨÜ≥∂QÆѨ_»∞`«∞Ok.

O

ã¨OˆH∆=∞ Ѩ^äŒHÍÖˇ·# aÜ«∞ºO, q^Œ∞º`ü ã¨aû_ôÅ∞, áê=ÖÏ =_ô¤, =$^•úѨº Ñ≤OKè«#∞¡, QÆ$Ç¨Ï x~å‡} Ѩ^äŒHÍÅÃÑ· KÕ¿ã =ºÜ«∞=Ú Ô~"≥#∂º =ºÜ«∞=Ú. 2014–15

2015–16

2016–17 (RE)

1. Ô~"≥#∂º =ºÜ«∞=Ú

466

757

- 900

2. =¸Å^èŒ# =ºÜ«∞=Ú

466

757

–900

3. ~°∞}ÏÅ∞, J_®fi<£û

–

0

0

4. "≥Ú`«ÎO =ºÜ«∞=Ú

28,569

45,249

54,011

ZHÍ#q∞

40

z~°Orq

JѨÙÊÅ∞ =_ô¤ K≥e¡OѨÙÅ∞ 2015–16 Ö’ ~å„+¨ì "≥Ú`«ÎO JѨÙÊ (Total Debt) ~°∂.1,73,854 HÀ@∞¡ 2016–17(RE) Ö’ ~°∂.1,92,984 HÀ@∞¡ O

D "≥Ú`«ÎO JѨÙÊÖ’ `≥ÅOQÍ}, PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÅ =∞^茺 ѨOÑ≤}© KÕÜ«∞|_»x JѨÙÊ ‰õÄ_® LOk. (~°∂.33,478 HÀ@∞¡)

O

„ѨÉèí∞`«fi JѨÙÊÖ’ JuÃÑ^ŒÌ "å\Ï =∂Ô~¯\ò #∞Oz fã¨∞‰õΩ#fl ~°∞}ÏÅ∞

O

2015–16Ö’ =∂Ô~¯\ò #∞Oz fã¨∞‰õΩ#fl ~°∞}ÏÅ∞

94,926 HÀ@∞¡

2016–17(RE)Ö’ =∂Ô~¯\ò #∞Oz fã¨∞‰õΩ#fl ~°∞}ÏÅ∞ O

1,14,658 HÀ@∞¡

2015–16Ö’ =_ô¤ K≥eO¡ ѨÙÅ∞

9,848 HÀ@∞¡

2016–17 (RE) Ö’ =_ô¤ K≥e¡OѨÙÅ∞ O

12,208 HÀ@∞¡

~å„+¨ì GSDPÖ’ JѨÙÊ âß`«O 2015–16Ö’

28.50%

2016–17(RE)Ö’ JѨÙÊÅ âß`«O

27.60%

2014–15

2015–16

2016–17

( %)

1. ˆHO„^ŒO #∞Oz ~°∞}ÏÅ∞

–

–

9,191

(05)

2. =∂Ô~¯\ò ~°∞}ÏÅ∞

–

–

1,14,658

(59)

3. z#fl "≥Ú`åÎÅ á⁄^Œ∞ѨÙÅ∞

–

–

15,024

(08)

4. „áêq_≥O\ò Ѷ¨O_£ (PF)

-

-

17,118

(09)

5. W`«~åÅ∞

–

–

36,993

(19)

1,56,472

1,73,854

1,92,984

(100)

29.36

28.50

27.60

"≥Ú`«OÎ GSDP

Ö’ ~°∞} âß`«O

O

Ô~"≥#∂º   HÀâ◊ Ö’@∞ : 2015–16Ö’ ~å„+¨ì Ô~"≥#∂º Ö’@∞ 7,302 HÀ@∞¡, HÀâ◊ Ö’@∞ 21,863 HÀ@∞¡

O

2016–17 <å\˜H˜ Ô~"≥#∂º Ö’@∞, HÀâ◊ Ö’@∞ 4,598 HÀ@∞¡ =∞iÜ«Ú 19,163 HÀ@¡‰õΩ `«ÔQæ#∞. 2015–16

2016–17 (RE)

1. =_ô¤ K≥e¡OѨÙÅ∞

9,848

12,208

2. Ô~"≥#∂º Ö’@∞

7,302

4,598

21,863

19,163

3. HÀâ◊ Ö’@∞

ZHÍ#q∞

41

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O O

O

O

ZHÍ#q∞

48

z~°Orq

O

O

O

O

O

O

`«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ <≥Å∂¡~°∞ – 2015–16Ö’ Other Fallow Lands – Other Fallow lands Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ „ѨHÍâ◊O – `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ NH͉õΩà◊O – 2015–16Ö’ Culturable Waste Lands – Culturable Waste Lands Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ <≥Å∂¡~°∞ – `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ NH͉õΩà◊O – 2015–16Ö’ xHõ~° ¿ã^ŒºOÖ’H˜ ~åx ѨÅ∞ ~°HÍÅ K≥@∞¡ `À@Å ~°∂ѨOÖ’ L#fl Éèí∂q∞ D Éèí∂q∞ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ qâßYѨ@flO `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ Hõ~°∂flÅ∞ 2015–16Ö’ âßâ◊fi`« ѨzÛHõ c_»∞Å∞ QÆÅ Éèí∂q∞ D Éèí∂q∞ Z‰õΩ¯= L#fl lÖÏ¡ „ѨHÍâ◊O `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ NH͉õΩà◊O 2015–16Ö’ =º=™êÜÕ∞`«~° LѨÜ≥∂QÍÅ „H˜O^Œ L#fl Éèí∂q∞ D Éèí∂q∞ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ <≥Å∂¡~°∞ `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ q[Ü«∞#QÆ~°O 2015–16Ö’ Barren & Uncultivable Land D Éèí∂q∞ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ "≥·Z™êû~ü Hõ_»Ñ¨ `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ QÆ∞O@∂~°∞

0.13 8.32 1.66 0.15 4.11 0.69 0.01 – – – – – – – – – – – –

ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ (5.11%) ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ (2.52%) ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ 1.57 0.34 0.01 2.12 0.56 0.01 20.32 3.14 0.78 13.47 2.22 0.32

ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ (0.96%) ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ (1.30%) ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ (12.47%) ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ (8.27%) ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡

Source: Directorate of Economics and Statistics

=~°¬áê`«O 2016–17Ö’ <≥~· ∞° u ~°∞`«∞Ѩ=<åÅ =Å¡ ~å„+¨Oì á⁄Ok# =~°¬áê`«O 534 q∞b¡ g∞@~°∞.¡ ™ê^è•~°} =~°¬áê`«O 556 q∞b¡ g∞@~°∞¡. JO>Ë 4% =~°¬áê`«O Ö’@∞ LOk. O Dâß#º ~°∞`«∞Ѩ=<åÅ =Å¡ ÅaèOz# =~°¬áê`«O 85 q∞b¡g∞@~°∞¡. ™ê^è•~°} =~°¬áê`«O 296 q∞b¡g∞@~°∞¡ J#QÍ 71% =~°¬áê`«O `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ LOk. O 2016Ö’ <≥·~°∞u ~°∞`«∞Ѩ=<åÅ =Å¡ (E<£–ÃãÃÑìO|~ü) JkèHõ =~°¬áê`«O á⁄Ok# lÖÏ¡ qâßYѨ@flO 851 q∞b¡g∞@~°∞¡ J ÅÊ =~°¬áê`«O á⁄Ok# lÖÏ¡ <≥Å∂¡~°∞ 160 q∞b¡g∞@~°∞¡ O <≥·~°∞u ~°∞`«∞Ѩ=<åÅ HÍÅOÖ’ HÀ™êÎO„^èŒ á⁄Ok# =~°¬áê`«O 632 q∞b¡g∞@~°∞¡ (™ê^è•~°}O 622 q∞b¡g∞@~°∞¡) O <≥·~°∞u ~°∞`«∞ Ѩ=<åÅ =Å¡ ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞ á⁄Ok# =~°¬áê`«O 363 q∞b¡g∞@~°∞¡ (™ê^è•~°}O 407 q∞b¡g∞@~°∞¡) O 2016Ö’ Dâß#º ~°∞`«∞Ѩ=<åÅ =Å¡ (JHÀì|~ü– _çÃãO|~ü) JkèHõ =~°¬áê`«O á⁄Ok# lÖÏ¡ <≥Å∂¡~°∞ 198 q∞b¡g∞@~°∞¡ J ÅÊ =~°¬áê`«O á⁄Ok# lÖÏ¡ Hõ~°∂flÅ∞ 15 q∞b¡g∞@~°∞¡ O Dâß#º ~°∞`«∞Ѩ=<åÅ HÍÅOÖ’ HÀ™êÎO„^èŒ á⁄Ok# =~°¬áê`«O 95 q∞b¡g∞@~°∞¡ (™ê^è•~°}O 332 q∞b¡g∞@~°∞¡) ZHÍ#q∞

49

z~°Orq

O

Dâß#º ~°∞`«∞Ѩ=<åÅ HÍÅOÖ’ ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞ á⁄Ok# =~°¬áê`«O 69 q∞b¡g∞@~°∞¡ (™ê^è•~°}O 239 q∞b¡g∞@~°∞¡) <ÕÅ ~°HÍÅ∞ (Soil Types) O <ÕÅÅ∞ =ÚYºOQÍ j`À+¨‚ã≤÷u, Z`«∞Î, Bedrock =O\˜ HÍ~°HÍÅ =Å¡ „ѨÉèÏq`«O J=Ù`å~Ú. O ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ <ÕÅÅ∞ =ÚYºOQÍ =¸_»∞ „áê^äŒq∞Hõ ~°HÍÅ =Å¡ U~°Ê_»∞`«∞Ok. 1.Sand, 2. Silt (|∞~°^)Œ , 3. Clay D =¸_»∞ ~°HÍÅ <Õ≥ÅÅ∞ HõÅ~ÚHõ ^•fi~å<Õ J`«ºkèHõ âß`«O <ÕÅÅ∞ U~°Ê_≥#∞. O ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ "≥Ú`«ÎO 22 ˆH@yiÅ <ÕÅÅ∞ L#flq. gxÖ’ 6 ~°HÍÅ <ÕÅÅ∞ JkèHõ qã‘Î~°‚O Hõey L#flq. "≥Ú`«ÎO <ÕÅÖ’¡ 88% W"Õ. O D 22 ~°HÍÅÖ’ J`«ºkèHõ âß`«O <ÕÅÅ∞ Loamy to Clayey Skeletal deep Reddish Brown Soils(20.42%) ~°HÍxH˜ K≥Ok#q. 2016–17Ö’ ™êQÆ∞ qã‘Î~°‚O – L`«ÊuÎ O 2015–16Ö’ PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅ „H˜O^Œ ™êQÆ∞ qã‘~Î O‚° 41.36 ÅHõÅ∆ ÃÇÏHÍì~∞° ¡ HÍQÍ, 2016–17Ö’ 41.34 ÅHõÅ∆ ÃÇÏHÍì~∞° .¡ JO>Ë 2= =ÚO^Œã¨∞Î JOK«<åÅÖ’ PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅ ™êQÆ∞ qã‘Î~°‚O ã¨fiÅÊOQÍ 0.02 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ `«ÔQæ#∞. O ™êQÆ∞ qã‘Î~°‚O `«yæ#ѨÊ\˜H© PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅ L`«ÊuÎ 2016–17Ö’ 9.09 âß`«O ÃÑiÔQ#∞. J#QÍ 2015–16Ö’ 143.78 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ∞QÍ L#fl PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅ∞ 2016–17 <å\˜H˜ 156.85 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅH˜ ÃÑiÔQ#∞. O J`«∞º`«Î=∞ ™êQÆ∞ Ѩ^Œú`«∞Å#∞ KÕѨ@ì_»O =Å¡ YsѶπ HÍÅOÖ’ =i L`«ÊuÎ QÆ}hÜ«∞OQÍ ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞@ =Å¡ L`«ÊuÎ ÃÑ~°QÆ_®xH˜ ^ÀǨÏ^ŒÑ¨_≥#∞. YsѶπ 2016–17 O 2015–16 YsѶπÖ’ PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅ qã‘Î~°‚O 19.86 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ O 2016–17Ö’ 21.53 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ JO>Ë 8.41 âß`«O qã‘Î~°‚O ÃÑiÔQ#∞. O W^Õ HÍÅOÖ’ PǨ~°^è•<åºÅ L`«ÊuÎ 68.12 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ #∞O_ç 87.1 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flʼnõΩ ÃÑiÔQ#∞. JO>Ë 27.86% ÃÑiÔQ#∞. O =ix Ѩije¿ãÎ W^Õ HÍÅOÖ’ 13.99 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡ #∞O_ç 15.20 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡‰õΩ ÃÑiÔQ#∞. JO>Ë 8.65 âß`«O ÃÑiÔQ#∞. W^Õ HÍÅOÖ’ =i L`«ÊuÎ 61.59 ÅHõÅ∆ @#∞flÅ #∞O_ç 79.04 ÅHõÅ∆ @#∞flʼnõΩ ÃÑiÔQ#∞. JO>Ë 28.33 âß`«O ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞^ŒÅ LOk. ~°c 2016–17 O 2015–16Ö’ ~°c HÍÅOÖ’ PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅ qã‘Î~°‚O 21.50 ÅHõ∆ÅÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ O 2016–17 Ö’ ''PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅ qã‘~Î O‚° 19.81 ÅHõÅ∆ ÃÇÏHÍì~∞° ¡ JO>Ë 7.86 âß`«O `«QÔ #æ ∞——. W^ÕHÍÅOÖ’ PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅ L`«ÊuÎ 75.66 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ #∞O_ç 69.75 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flʼnõΩ `«ÔQæ#∞. JO>Ë 7.18% `«QÆ∞æ^ŒÅ LOk. H˘xfl lÖÏ¡ÅÖ’ =~°¬áê`«O H˘~°`« =Å¡ =i L`«ÊuÎ QÆ}hÜ«∞OQÍ `«yæáÈ=_»O`À "≥Ú`«ÎO g∞^Œ ~°c PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅ L`«ÊuÎ `«ÔQæ#∞. O W^Õ HÍÅOÖ’ =i qã‘~Î O‚° 7.62ÅHõÅ∆ ÃÇÏHÍì~¡° #∞O_ç 6.20 ÅHõÅ∆ ÃÇÏHÍì~‰¡° Ωõ `«QÔ #æ ∞. JO>Ë 18.64 âß`«O qã‘~Î O‚° `«QÔ #æ ∞. W^Õ HÍÅOÖ’ =i L`«ÊuÎ 50.74 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ #∞O_ç 41.29 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flʼnõΩ `«ÔQæ#∞. J#QÍ 18.62 âß`«O `«ÔQæ#∞. HÍÅO PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅ L`«ÊuÎ =i qã‘Î~°‚O =i L`«ÊuÎ (2016–17) qã‘Î~°‚O (LH) (LT) (LH) (LT) YsѶπ 21.53 87.10 15.20 79.04 ~°c 19.81 69.75 6.20 41.29 "≥Ú`«OÎ 41.34 156.85 21.40 120.33 O PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅ qã‘Î~°‚O, L`«ÊuÎ Ô~O_»∂ YsѶπÖ’<Õ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#flq. J^Õq^èŒOQÍ =i qã‘Î~°‚O, L`«ÊuÎ Ô~O_»∂ YsѶπÖ’<Õ ZHÍ#q∞

50

z~°Orq

Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#flq. ã¨O=`«û~°O

qã‘Î~°‚O (LH)

L`«ÊuÎ(LT)

2008–09

42.70

166.16

2010–11

45.60

149.96

2016–17

41.34

156.85

O

PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅ qã‘Î~å‚xfl Ѩije¿ãÎ =i `«~°∞"å`« Ô~O_À™ê÷#O ѨѨÙÊ ^è•<åºÅ∞. XHõ¯ HÍÜ«∞^è•<åºÅ∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞ fã¨∞‰õΩO>Ë =i `«~°∞"å`« Ô~O_À ™ê÷#O "≥ÚHõ¯ *Á#fl O PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅ L`«ÊuÎÖ’ JkèHõ L`«ÊuÎx JOkOKÕ Ñ¨O@ =i (120 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ∞) Ô~O_»=k "≥ÚHõ¯*Á#fl (19 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ∞) =¸_˘=k ѨѨÙÊ ^è•<åºÅ∞ (12.64 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ∞) L`åÊ^Œ H õ ` « 2016–17 ~Ô O_»= =ÚO^Œã∞¨ Î JOK«<åÅ∞ ѨO@ YsѶπ ~°c ã¨QÆ@∞ =i 5,200 (Kg/H) 6,660 (Kg/H) 5,622 (Kg/H) "≥ÚHõ¯*Á#fl 4,300 (Kg/H) 7,682 (Kg/H) 6,680 (Kg/H) O =i, "≥ÚHõ¯*Á#fl Ô~O_»∞ ѨO@Å q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ ‰õÄ_® YsѶπ HÍÅO HõO>Ë ~°c HÍÅOÖ’<Õ L`åÊ^ŒHõ`« Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ LOk. ѨO@Å f„=`« (Cropping Intensity) =º=™êÜ«∞ ™ê=∞~å÷ºxfl =∞kOѨ٠KÕ¿ã ã¨∂pÅÖ’ ѨO@Å f„=`« XHõ\ ˜. ã¨∂÷ŠѨO@ Éèí∂q∞H˜, xHõ~° ѨO@ Éèí∂q∞H˜ =∞^茺 QÆÅ x+¨ÊuÎx `≥eÜ«∞*Ë¿ãk ѨO@Å WO>ˇxû\© (The Ratio Gross Cropped Area to net Cropped Area is Called Cropping Intensity) O 2014-15 Ö’ Cropping Intensity 1.26 O 2015-16 Ö’ Cropping intensity 1.24 JO>Ë H˘OK≥O `«yæ#k. ã¨∂÷Å, xHõ~° h\ h\˜˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ QÆÅ Éèí∂q∞ (Gross and net Area Irrigated) 2014-15 Ö’ ã¨∂÷Å h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ QÆÅ Éèí∂q∞ 38.86 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ 2015–16Ö’ ã¨∂÷Å h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ QÆÅ Éèí∂q∞ 35.47 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ J#QÍ =ÚO^Œ∞ ã¨O=`«û~°O`À áÈe¿ãÎ `«yæOk. O 2014–15Ö’ xHõ~° h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ QÆÅ „áêO`«O 29.27 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ O 2015–16 Ö’ xHõ~° h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ QÆÅ „áêO`«O 27.43 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ J#QÍ 6.29 % `«yæ#k. 㨠∂ ÷ Å h\ h\˜˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ =#~°∞Å∞ 2008–09 2014–15 2015–16 HÍÅ∞=Å∞ 20.01 (49.7%) 18.82 (48.4%) 13.93 (39.3%) K≥~∞° =ÙÅ∞ 4.40 (10.9%) 3.27 (8.4%) 3.86 (10.8%) ÉÏ=ÙÅ∞ 14.36 (35.7%) 15.32 (39.4%) 16.43 (46.3%) W`«~åÅ∞ 1.42 (3.5%) 1.45 (3.7%) 1.25 (3.5%) "≥ Ú `« Î O 40.19 38.86 35.47 O 2014–15Ö’ HÍÅ∞=Å∞ > ÉÏ=ÙÅ∞ > K≥~°∞=ÙÅ∞ 2015–16Ö’ ÉÏ=ÙÅ∞ > HÍÅ∞=Å∞ > K≥~°∞=ÙÅ∞ O 2015–16Ö’ PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ J`«ºkèHõ âß`«O h\˜x JOkOKÕ h\˜ =#~°∞Å∞ ÉÏ=ÙÅ∞. nx =ÚO^Œ∞ ã¨O=`«û~°O ZHÍ#q∞

51

z~°Orq

J`«ºkèHõ âß`«O h\˜ =#~°∞Å∞ HÍÅ∞=Å∞. O 2015-16Ö’ HÍÅ∞=Å∞ ^•fi~å h~°∞ ÅaèOKÕ Éèí∂ qã‘Î~°‚O 13.93 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ (39.3%). HÍÅ∞=Å∞ ^•fi~å ã¨∂÷Å h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ QÆÅ Éèí∂q∞ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ QÆÅ lÖÏ¡ `«∂~°∞Ê QÀ^•=i (3.20 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡) `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ "≥·Z™êû~ü Hõ_»Ñ¨ (0.01 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡) O 2015–16Ö’ K≥~°∞=ÙÅ∞ ^•fi~å h~°∞ ÅaèOKÕ Éèí∂ qã‘Î~°‚O 3.86 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡. O K≥~°∞=ÙÅ ^•fi~å ã¨∂÷Å h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ QÆÅ Éèí∂q∞ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ QÆÅ lÖÏ¡ q[Ü«∞#QÆ~°O (0.88 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡) `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ QÆ∞O@∂~°∞ (0.02 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡) O 2015–16Ö’ ÉÏ=ÙÅ∞ ^•fi~å h~°∞ ÅaèOKÕ Éèí∂ qã‘Î~°‚O (16.43 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡) ÉÏ=ÙÅ ^•fi~å ã¨∂÷Å h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ QÆÅ Éèí∂q∞ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ QÆÅ lÖÏ¡ ѨtÛ=∞ QÀ^•=i (2.93 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡) `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ NH͉õΩà◊O (0.31 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡) O 2015–16Ö’ "≥Ú`«ÎO Jxfl ~°HÍÅ h\˜ =#~°∞Å ^•fi~å h~°∞ ÅaèOKÕ Éèí∂ qã‘Î~°‚O (35.47 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡) "≥Ú`«ÎO Jxfl ~°HÍÅ ã¨∂÷Å h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ QÆÅ Éèí∂q∞ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ QÆÅ lÖÏ¡ ѨtÛ=∞QÀ^•=i (6.27 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡) `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ qâßYѨ@flO (1.48 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡) h\˜˜ =#~°∞Ö’¡ „Ѩ^äŒ=∞ z=i ™ê÷<åÖ’¡ QÆÅ lÖÏ¡Å∞ qq^èŒ h\ JOâ◊O HÍÅ∞=Å∞ K≥~∞° =ÙÅ∞ ÉÏ=ÙÅ∞ "≥Ú`«OÎ =#~°∞Å∞ 1. JkèHõ=Ú `«∂~°∞ÊQÀ^•=i q[Ü«∞#QÆ~O° ѨtÛ=∞ QÀ^•=i ѨtÛ=∞ QÀ^•=i 2. J ÅÊ=Ú "≥Z· ™êû~ü QÆ∞O@∂~°∞ NH͉õΩà◊O qâßYѨ@flO Éèí∂ Hõ=∞`åÅ∞ 1970–71 #∞Oz Éèí∂ Hõ=∞`åʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz „Ѩu 5 ã¨O=`«û~åʼnõΩ XHõ™êi Éèí∂ Hõ=∞`åÅ q=~åÅ∞ ¿ãHõiã¨∞Î<åflO 1) 1970–71 2) 1976–77 3) 1980–81 4) 1985–86

5) 1990–91

6) 1995–96

O

7) 2000–01 8) 2005–06 9) 2010–11 „Ѩã¨∞Î`«O 2010–11 ‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz 9= Ãã#ûãπ QÆ}ÏOHÍÅ∞ JO^Œ∞ÉÏ@∞Ö’ L#flq. 10= Ãã#ûãπ 2015–16 iѶ¨Ô~<£û ã¨O=`«û~°OQÍ Ãã#ûãπ H˘#™êQÆ∞`«∞Ok. 2005–06Ö’ ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ Éèí∂ Hõ=∞`åÅ ã¨OYº 72.16 ÅHõ∆Å∞ 2010–11Ö’ ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ Éèí∂ Hõ=∞`åÅ ã¨OYº 76.21 ÅHõ∆Å∞ J#QÍ Hõ=∞`åÅ ã¨OYº ÃÑiÔQ#∞.

O

2005–06Ö’ ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ Hõ=∞`åÅ "≥Ú`«ÎO qã‘Î~°‚=Ú 81.89 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡

O

2010–11Ö’ ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ Hõ=∞`åÅ "≥Ú`«ÎO qã‘Î~°‚=Ú 80.97 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡

O

2005–06Ö’ ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ ã¨QÆ@∞ Hõ=∞`åŠѨi=∂}=Ú 1.13 ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡

O

2010–11Ö’ ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ ã¨QÆ@∞ Hõ=∞`åŠѨi=∂}=Ú 1.06 ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡

O

2010–11Ö’ ^Õâ◊ ã¨QÆ@∞ Hõ=∞`« Ѩi=∂}=Ú 1.158 ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡, (ã¨=i¿ãÎ 1.16)

O O

`≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ 1.11 ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡, HÍQÍ =∞# ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ 1.06 ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ Hõ = ∞`åÅ Hõ=∞`å ã¨OYº âß`«O Hõ=∞`« qã‘Î~°‚O ZHÍ#q∞

52

âß`«O

ã¨QÆ@∞ Hõ=∞`« z~°Orq

Ѩi=∂}=Ú Marginal Small Semi Medium Medium Large Total

ÅHõ ∆ Å Ö’ 49.84 15.91 7.96 2.30 0.20 76.21

(%) 65.40 20.88 10.44 3.02 0.26 100.00

(ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡Ö’) 21.60 22.51 21.00 12.82 3.04 80.97

(%) Ѩi=∂}O(ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡Ö’) 26.68 0.43 27.80 1.41 25.94 2.64 15.83 5.57 3.75 15.20 100.00 1.06

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„Ѩ^è•# K˘~°=Å∞ (Major Initiatives) ♦ „áê^äŒq∞Hõ ~°OQÆ q∞+¨<£#∞ „áê~°OaèOK«∞@ ♦ =º=™êÜ«∂xH˜ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ |_≥˚\ò ♦ „QÍ=∞™ê÷~ÚÖ’ L`«Î=∞ ™êQÆ∞ Ѩ^Œú`«∞Å#∞ `≥eÜ«∞|iKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ K«O„^Œ#fl Ô~·`«∞ ˆH∆„`åÅ∞ x~°fiÇ≤ÏOK«∞@ ♦ =º=™êÜ«∞ Ü«∂O„fHõ~°}ÃÑ· ^Œ$+≤ì ÃÑ@∞ì@ ♦ GPS >ˇHÍflÅr, Éè∂ í ™ê~° =∂ºÑπÅ∞ LѨÜ∂≥ yOz Éè∂í ™ê~° #=¸<åÅ∞ ¿ãHõiOz Éè∂í ™ê~° P~ÀQͺxfl "≥∞~°∞QÆ∞Ѩ~∞° Û@ ^•fi~å =º=™êÜ«∞ L`åÊ^ŒHõ`«#∞ ÃÑOK«∞@. ♦ ã¨∂Hõ∆ ‡ áÈ+¨HÍÅ ã¨~°Ñ¶¨~å‰õΩ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ „áê*ˇ‰õΩì ♦ =º=™êÜ«∞ qã¨Î~°} ¿ã=Å#∞ |Ö’¿Ñ`«O KÕÜ«Ú@ ♦ ~å„+¨ì, lÖÏ¡ ™ê÷~ÚÖ’ ѨO@ xiú+¨ì Hõq∞\©Å∞ ♦ P~åæxH± ÖË^• <ÕK«∞~°Öò á¶êi‡OQ∑ ♦ Ô~·`«∞ ™êkèHÍ~° ã¨Oã¨÷ ^•fi~å Ô~·`«∞Å∞ ™êkèHÍi`« ♦ =º=™êÜ«∞OÖ’ ICT x qã¨Î $`«OQÍ LѨÜ≥∂yOK«∞@ ♦ Hõ~°∞=Ù x"å~°} Ѩ^Œú`«∞Å#∞ Jaè=$kú KÕã≤ =~å¬^è•~° „áêO`åÅÖ’ LѨÜ≥∂yOK«∞@ „áê^äŒq∞Hõ ~°OQÆ q∞+¨<£ ã¨q∞‡o`« Ô~O_»OÔHÅ =$kú O „áê^äŒq∞Hõ~°OQÆOÖ’ L`åÊ^ŒHõ`«#∞ ÃÑOK«∞@, h\˜ ã¨O~°Hõ∆}, ã¨∂Hõ∆ ‡ ¿ã^ŒºO ^•fi~å Hõ~°∞=Ù x"å~°}Ï ÅH∆ͺÅ`À „áê^äŒq∞Hõ ~°OQÆ q∞+¨<£#∞ ~å„+¨ì „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO „áê~°OaèOK≥#∞. =º~å÷Å#∞ `«yæOz "åÅ∂º Z_ç+¨<£ ™ê=∞~å÷ºxfl ÃÑOK«∞@ ‰õÄ_® nx ÅHõ∆ ºO. Ô~O_»OÔHÅ =$kúx ^Œ$+≤ìÖ’ ÃÑ@∞ìH˘x ICRISAT `À HõeÑ≤ XHõ HÍ~åºK«~°} „Ѩ}ÏoHõ#∞ ã≤^ŒúO KÕÃã#∞. O ~å„+¨ì „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO „áê~°OaèOz# U_»∞ q∞+¨<£ÅÖ’ Wk XHõ\ ˜. „Ѩu lÖÏ¡‰õΩ Ô~O_»OÔHÅ =$kú ™ê^èŒ#‰õΩ 9 Growth Engine Å#∞ QÆ∞iÎOK≥#∞. (=i, „ѨuÎ, "≥ÚHõ¯*Á#fl, K≥~°∞‰õΩ, á⁄Q͉õΩ, "Õ~°∞â‹#QÆ, q∞#∞=ÚÅ∞, â◊#QÆÅ∞, HõOkѨѨÙÊ) qã¨Î~°} HÍ~°ºHõÖÏáêÅ∞ (Extension Activities) á⁄ÅO Ñ≤Å∞™ÈÎOk L`åÊ^ŒH`õ ,« ÖÏÉè^í •Ü«∞Hõ`,« ã¨∞ã≤~÷ `° Å« #∞ ÃÑOK«_O» HÀã¨O qã¨~Î }° ¿ã=Å#∞ ~Ô `· ∞« Å =ÚOy@H˜ fã¨∞HÔ à◊_¡ O» ~Ô `· ∞« Å P^•Ü«∂xfl ÃÑOK«_»O HÀã¨O qÅ∞=#∞ [`«KÕˆ~Û =∂~åæÅ#∞ J<Õfi+≤OK«_»O D Ѩ^äŒHõO Ü≥ÚHõ¯ „Ѩ^è•# L^ÕÌâ◊ºO. D HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂xfl =º=™êÜ«∞ âßY"å~°∞ "å~åxH˜ 2 ~ÀAÅ∞ =∞OQÆà,◊ |∞^è"Œ å~åÅÖ’ x~°fiÇ≤Ï™êÎ~∞° . nxH˜ K≥Ok# J#∞|O^èŒ âßY JkèHÍ~°∞Å∞, =º=™êÜ«∞, `À@ ѨO@Å, "≥@~°fls Ü«¸x=iû\©Å âß„ã¨Î"Õ`«ÎÅ∞ nxÖ’ áêÖÁæO\Ï~°∞. ~ÀA‰õΩ Ô~O_»∞ „QÍ=∂ÅÖ’ x~°fiÇ≤Ï™êÎ~∞° . ~Ô `· ∞« âß„ã¨"Î `Õ Î« P^èfiŒ ~°ºOÖ’ „QÍ=∞ã¨Éíè x~°fiÇ≤ÏOK«|_»∞`«∞Ok. =∞iÜ«Ú Hˆ „∆ `« ã¨O^Œ~≈° # LO@∞Ok. g\˜x Tab Ö’ #"≥∂^Œ∞ KÕ™êÎ~∞° . 2016 YsѶÖπ ’ 35,891 ã¨O^Œ~≈° #Å∞ [iÔQ#∞. 9.77 ÅHõÅ∆ =∞Ok ~Ô `· ∞« ʼnõΩ ã¨∂K«#Å∞ JOkOK≥#∞. (XHõ „QÍ=∂xfl XHõ™êi HõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯= ™ê~°∞¡ ã¨O^Œi≈OK«=K«∞Û.) Ô~·`«∞Å∞, =∞Ç≤ÏàÏ Ô~·`«∞ʼnõΩ tHõ∆}, =~ü¯ëêѨÙÅ∞ O Ô~·`«∞ʼnõΩ, =∞Ç≤Ïà◊ʼnõΩ, Ô~·`«∞ q∞„`« |$O^•Å‰õΩ P^èŒ∞xHõ, ™êOˆHuHõ Ѩi*Ï˝<åxfl `≥eÜ«∞*Ë¿ãO^Œ∞‰õΩ, "åiH˜ P^•Ü«∞ ™ê÷~ÚÅ#∞ ÃÑOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ Ô~·`«∞ʼnõΩ tHõ∆} JOk™êÎ~°∞. „Ѩu =∞O_»ÅOÖ’ QÆ∞iÎOz# 1/3 =O`«∞ „QÍ=∂ÅÖ’x Ô~·`«∞ʼnõΩ D tHõ∆} JOk™êÎ~°∞. O 2016–17Ö’ 100 ÅHõÅ∆ Hˆ \Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ`À 2"ÕÅ tHõ} ∆ Ï HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂Å#∞ (ÅHõ∆ =∞Ok ~Ô `· ∞« ʼnõΩ) x~°fiÇ≤ÏOKåÅx „Ѩ}ÏoHõ ~°∂á⁄OkOK≥#∞. 2016 YsѶπÖ’ 932 tHõ∆}Ï HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂Å∞ (46,600 =∞Ok Ô~·`«∞ʼnõΩ) x~°fiÇ≤ÏOK≥#∞. ZHÍ#q∞

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Zonal Reasearch Extension Advisory Council Meeting (ZREAC)

2016–17 ã¨O=`«û~åxH˜ ~å„+¨Oì Ö’ Jxfl Agro Climetic Zones Ö’ g\˜x ANGRAU x~°fiÇ≤ÏOK≥#∞. K«O„^Œ#fl Ô~·`«∞ ˆH∆„`åÅ∞ (CRK) O

ZREAC Å#∞ YsѶ,π ~°c HÍÖÏÅÖ’

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J<Õk #∂`«# HÍ~°º„Hõ=∞=Ú. nxÖ’ L`åÊ^ŒH`õ #« ∞ ÃÑOK«_O» , ™êQÆ∞ =ºÜ«∂xfl `«yOæ K«_O» H˘~°‰Ωõ J#∞ã¨iOKåeû# L`«Î=∞ =º=™êÜ«∞ ˆH∆„`« x~°fiǨÏ} Ѩ^Œú`«∞Å#∞ Ô~·`«∞ á⁄ÖÏÖ’¡ „Ѩ^Œi≈™êÎ~°∞.

J<Õk „Ѩu Hõã¡ ~ì¨ Öü ’ 10 ÃÇÏHÍì~Åü Ö’ x~°fiÇ≤Ï™êÎ~∞° . ÃÇÏHÍì~∞° ‰õΩ 5000/– ã¨aû_ô ‰õÄ_® JOk™êÎ~∞° . CRK „Ѩ^~Œ ≈° # „QÍ=∞/=∞O_»Å =∞iÜ«Ú _çq[<£ÅÖ’ ™êQÆ∞Kտ㠄Ѩ^è•# ѨO@ P^è•~°OQÍ ZOÑ≤Hõ KÕ™êÎ~°∞.

Multi Purpose Extension System (MPES)

QÆ`«OÖ’ L#fl P^Œ~°≈ Ô~·`«∞Å ™ê÷#OÖ’ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi=Ú |Ǩïà◊ „ѨÜ≥∂[# qã¨Î~°} =º=ã¨÷#∞ „Ѩ"Õâ◊ÃÑ>ˇì#∞. „Ѩu 1000 ÃÇÏHÍì~¡° ™êQÆ∞Ü≥∂Qƺ"≥∞#ÿ Éè∂í q∞H˜ XHõ~∞° K˘Ñ¨ÙÊ# 3,905 MPEO (Multi Purpose Extension Officers) Å∞ ѨxKÕã∞¨ <Î åfl~°∞. ÅH∆ Í ºÅ∞ 1. Ô~·`«∞ ã¨=∂*ÏxH˜ ã¨=∞~°÷=O`«"≥∞ÿ# qã¨Î~°} ¿ã=Å∞ JOkOK«∞@ 2. „Ѩu‰õÄÅ "å`å=~°} Ѩiã≤÷`«∞ÅÖ’ Ô~·`«∞Å `«Hõ∆} J=ã¨~åʼnõΩ ã¨ÊOkOK«∞@ 3. L`åÊ^ŒHõ`«#∞ ÃÑOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ Ô~·`«∞Å#∞ „¿Ñˆ~Ñ≤OK«∞@ O MPEO ŠѨxf~°∞#∞ H˘xfl „Ѩ^è•# ™ê=∞~°÷º ã¨∂pÅ∞ P^è•~°OQÍ <≥Å"åi „áêuѨkHõ# =∞kOѨÙKÕ™êÎ~°∞. nxÖ’ C =∞iÜ«Ú D „ˆQ_£Å∞ á⁄Ok# "åiH˜ "åi Ѩxf~°∞ "≥∞~°∞QÆ∞Ѩ~°∞K«∞ HÀ=_®xH˜ 3, 4 <≥ÅÅ∞ J=HÍâ◊q∞™êÎ~°∞. "≥∞~°QÆ∞Ѩ_»x Ü≥∞_»Å ¿ã=Å #∞O_ç `˘Åy™êÎ~°∞. áê_ç ѨO@Å∞ =∂ã¨Ñ¨„uHõ O =º=™êÜ«∞âßY "å~°∞ „Ѩu<≥Å áê_çѨO@Å∞ J<Õ `≥Å∞QÆ∞ =∂ã¨Ñ¨„uHõ#∞ =Ú„kOz Ô~·`«∞ʼnõΩ ѨOÑ≤}© KÕ™êÎ~°∞. qq^èŒ ZHÍ#q∞

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61

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YsѶπ ã‘[<£Ö’ PǨ~° ѨO@Å∞, #∂<≥ yO[Å∞‰õΩ 2% „Ñ‘q∞Ü«∞O, ~°c HÍÅOÖ’ 1.5% „Ñ‘q∞Ü«∞O K≥e¡OKåe. "å}˜[º L^•º# ѨO@Å q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ QÆi+¨ìOQÍ 5% =~°‰õΩ „Ñ‘q∞Ü«∞O K≥e¡OKåe. ♦ „Ñ‘q∞Ü«∞O ã¨aû_ôx ˆHO„^Œ, ~å„ëêìÅ∞ ã¨=∂#OQÍ 50:50 Éèíi™êÎ~Ú ♦ =_»QÆO_»¡ "å#, ѨO@ J#O`«~° #ëêìxH˜ ‰õÄ_® c=∂#∞ W™êÎ~°∞. ♦ 50% ¿ã^Œº qã‘Î~å‚xfl nx „H˜O^Œ‰õΩ fã¨∞‰õΩ~å"åÅx HÍ~åºK«~°} „Ѩ}ÏoHõ#∞ ~°∂á⁄OkOK≥#∞. 2016 YsѶπ O PMFBY Ѩ^äŒHõO „H˜O^Œ =i ѨO@ q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ 12 lÖÏ¡ÅÖ’ „QÍ=∂xfl c=∂ Ü«¸x\òQÍ fã¨∞HÀQÍ, J#O`«~°Ñ¨Ù~°O lÖÏ¡Ö’ HõOk ѨO@#∞ fã¨∞H˘x D Ѩ^äŒHÍxfl =iÎOѨ *ËÃã#∞. O W`«~° 18 ѨO@ʼnõΩ =∞O_»ÖÏxfl c=∂ Ü«¸x\òQÍ fã¨∞HÀ=_»=∞~ÚOk. O ÉèÏ~°`« „ѨÉèí∞`«fi =∂~°æ^Œ~°≈HÍÅ „ѨHÍ~°O AIC (=º=™êÜ«∞ c=∂ HõOÃÑh) ICICI ÅOÉÏ~ü¤Å∞ J=∞Å∞ Ѩiz c=∂ "≥Ú`«ÎO P^è•~°OQÍ 13 lÖÏ¡Å#∞ Ô~O_»∞ Hõ¡ã¨ì~üÅ∞QÍ q_»nÃã#∞. 2016 YsѶπ ã‘[<£Ö’ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ Hõ¡ã¨ì~ü ѨikèÖ’ c=∂ =iÎOz# ѨO@Å∞ lÖÏ¡ ѨO@ 1. NH͉õΩà◊O =i („QÍ=∂xfl c=∂ Ü«¸x\òQÍ) ã¨[˚Å∞, "Õ~°∞â‹#QÆ, K≥~°‰õΩ 2. `«∂~°∞ÊQÀ^•=i =i („QÍ=∂xfl c=∂ Ü«¸x\òQÍ) ã¨[˚Å∞, ѨuÎ, K≥~°‰õΩ 3. QÆ∞O@∂~°∞ =i („QÍ=∂x c=∂ Ü«¸x\òQÍ) q∞#∞=ÚÅ∞, P=Ú^ŒO, HõO^Œ∞Å∞, K≥~°‰õΩ, Ѩã¨∞Ѩ٠4. „ѨHÍâ◊O =i („QÍ=∂xfl c=∂ Ü«¸x\òQÍ) ã¨[˚Å∞, "≥ÚHõ¯*Á#fl, HõO^Œ∞Å∞, P=Ú^ŒO, q∞iÛ 5. <≥Å∂¡~∞° =i („QÍ=∂xfl c=∂ Ü«¸x\ò) ã¨[˚Å∞, "Õ~°∞â‹#QÆ, K≥~°∞‰õΩ 6. J#O`«ÑÙ¨ ~O° HõOk („QÍ=∂xfl c=∂ Ü«¸x\òQÍ) =i, *Á#fl, ã¨[˚Å∞, "≥ÚHõ¯*Á#fl, á⁄^Œ∞Ìu~°∞QÆ∞_»∞, q∞iÛ, ѨuÎ 7. z`«∂~Î ∞° =i („QÍ=∂xfl c=∂ Ü«¸x\òQÍ) *Á#fl, ã¨[˚, HõOk, K≥~°‰õΩ PMFBY „H˜ O ^Œ 2016 YsѶ π Ö ’ 2= Hõ ¡ ã ¨ ì ~ ü Ö ’ <À\ <À\˜˜ÃѶ· HÍ|_ç#q 1. q[Ü«∞#QÆ~O° =i („QÍ=∂xfl c=∂ Ü«¸x\òQÍ) ã¨[˚Å∞, "≥ÚHõ¯*Á#fl, "Õ~°∞â‹#QÆ, K≥~°‰õΩ, ѨuÎ 2. qâßYѨ@flO =i („QÍ=∂xfl c=∂ Ü«¸x\òQÍ) ã¨[˚Å∞, "≥ÚHõ¯*Á#fl, HõOk, "Õ~°∞â‹#QÆ, K≥~°‰õΩ 3. ѨtÛ=∞QÀ^•=i =i („QÍ=∂xfl c=∂ Ü«¸x\òQÍ) K≥~°‰õΩ 4. Hõ$ëê‚ =i („QÍ=∂xfl c=∂ Ü«¸x\òQÍ) "≥ÚHõ¯*Á#fl, ÃÑã¨~°, HõOk, q∞iÛ, ѨuÎ, "Õ~°∞â‹#QÆ, K≥~°‰õΩ 5. "≥·Z™êû~ü Hõ_»Ñ¨ =i („QÍ=∂xfl c=∂ Ü«¸x\òQÍ) *Á#fl, ã¨[˚Å∞, HõOk, ѨuÎ, á⁄^Œ∞Ìu~°∞QÆ∞_»∞, Ѩã¨∞ѨÙ, K≥~‰° Ωõ 6. Hõ~∂° flÅ∞ =i („QÍ=∂xfl c=∂ Ü«¸x\òQÍ) *Á#fl, ã¨[˚Å∞, HõOk, á⁄^Œ∞Ìu~°∞QÆ∞_»∞, q∞iÛ, ѨuÎ, P=Ú^ŒO, K≥~°‰õΩ, H˘„~°Å∞ ~°c 2016–17 O PMFBY „H˜Ok 5 lÖÏ¡ÖÖ’ =i ѨO@#∞ „QÍ=∞ c=∂ Ü«¸x\òQÍ fã¨∞H˘<≥#∞. (`«∂~°∞ÊQÀ^•=i, ѨtÛ=∞ QÀ^•=i, Hõ$ëê‚, <≥Å∂¡~°∞, z`«∂Î~°∞) â‹#QÆÅ#∞ =¸_»∞ lÖÏ¡ÖÖ’ („ѨHÍâ◊O, Hõ~°∂flÅ∞, Hõ_»Ñ¨), "≥ÚHõ¯*Á#fl#∞ QÆ∞O@∂~°∞Ö’ „QÍ=∞ Ü«¸x\òQÍ fã¨∞H˘<≥#∞. L^•: =i, "≥ÚHõ¯*Á#fl, *Á#fl, ÃÑã¨Å∞, q∞#∞=ÚÅ∞, O 10 ѨO@ʼnõΩ =∞O_»Å c=∂ Ü«¸x\òQÍ fã¨∞HÀ=_»"≥∞ÿOk. (L^•: â‹#QÆÅ∞, "Õ~°∞â‹#QÆ, „á⁄^Œ∞Ìu~°∞QÆ∞_»∞, q∞~°Ñ¨, Le¡) O ÉèÏ~°`« „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO =∂~°æ^Œ~°≈HÍÅ "Õ∞~°‰õΩ AIC, ICICI Lombard, GIC Å∞ 13 lÖÏ¡Å#∞ Ô~O_»∞ Hõ¡ã¨ì~°¡QÍ q_»nÃã#∞. 2016–17 ~°cÖ’ Hõ¡ã¨ì~ü –1 „H˜O^Œ QÆ∞iÎOK«|_ç# lÖÏ¡Å∞, ѨO@Å∞ lÖÏ¡ ѨO@Å∞ ZHÍ#q∞ 62 z~°Orq

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63

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AP Micro Irrigational Project

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State Horticulture Mission

2005Ö’ State Horticulture Mission U~°Ê_çOk. Hˆ O„^Œ „Ѩuáêk`« Ѩ^HŒä "õ ∞≥ #ÿ L^•º# ѨO@Å q∞+¨<#£ ∞ ~å„+¨ì L^•º# ѨO@Å ™êQÆ∞ q∞+¨<£ J=∞Å∞ KÕã¨∞ÎOk. O „áêOfÜ«∞OQÍ L#fl "≥q· ^蕺Å#∞ ^Œ$+≤Öì ’ ÃÑ@∞ì‰Ωõ x ǨiìHÅõ Û~ü ~°OQÆOÖ’ =∞Oz =$kúx ™êkèOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ nxx „áê~°OaèOK≥#∞. nxÖ’ LѨ ~°OQÍÅhfl ã¨=∞„QÆOQÍ Jaè=$kú K≥O^Œ∞`«∂ ~Ô `· ∞« ʼnõΩ J^Œ#Ѩ٠P^•Ü«∂xfl JOkOK«_O» ÃÑ· Wk ^Œ$+≤ì ÃÑ\˜Oì k. O D Ѩ^äŒHõ=Ú 9 lÖÏ¡ÅÖ’ (NH͉õΩà◊O, ѨtÛ=∞QÀ^•=i, QÆ∞O@∂~°∞, „ѨHÍâ◊O, <≥Å∂¡~°∞, z`«∂Î~°∞, Hõ_»Ñ¨, J#O`«Ñ¨Ù~°O, Hõ~°∂flÅ∞) Ô~O_»∞ yi[# „áêO`åÖ’¡#∂ (`«∂~°∞ÊQÀ^•=iÖ’x ~°OѨKÀ_»=~°O, qâßYÖ’x áê_Õ~°∞) J=∞Å=Ù`«∞#flk. <å}º`«`À ‰õÄ_»∞‰õΩ#fl "≥ÚHõ¯Å ™ê=∞„y L`«ÊuÎ <å}º"≥∞ÿ# "≥ÚHõ¯Å∞ n~°…HÍŠѨO_»¡ `À@ʼnõΩ ZO`À J=ã¨~°O JO^Œ∞KÕ NHM „H˜O^Œ <å}º"≥∞ÿ# "≥ÚHõ¯Å#∞ L`«ÊuÎ KÕÜ«∞_®xH˜ #~°ûsÅ#∞ „áÈ`«ûÇ≤Ïã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. Ѩk ÅHõ∆Å <å}º"≥∞ÿ# "≥ÚHõ¯Å∞ L`«ÊuÎ KÕÜ«∞_®xH˜ 15 Horticultre Farm Å#∞ U~åÊ@∞KÕÃã#∞. O <å}º"≥∞ÿ# "≥ÚHõ¯Å ã¨~°Ñ¶¨~å#∞ „Hõ=∞|núHõiOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ #~°ûs K«\Ïìxfl (2010) fã¨∞‰õΩ=K≥Û#∞. L`«ÊuÎ J#O`«~° x~°fiǨÏ} O L^•º# ѨO@Å L`«Ê`«∞ÎÅ∞ "ÕQÆOQÍ áê_»ÜÕ∞º ã¨fiÉèÏ"åxfl Hõey LO\Ï~Ú. HÍ|\˜ì L`«ÊuÎ J#O`«~° J=™ê÷Ѩ<å ã¨^∞Œ áêÜ«∂Öˇ#· Pack Houses, j`«Å xÅfi Hˆ O„^•Å∞, Refer Vans, Ripeing Chambers =O\˜ =ã¨`∞« Å HõÅÊ#ÃÑ· ^Œ$+≤ì ˆHO„nHõiOK≥#∞. =ÚYºOQÍ J~°\ ˜ ѨO@‰õΩ Ripening Chamber Å =Å¡ Ô~·`«∞‰õΩ =∞Oz ^èŒ~° Åaèã¨∞ÎOk. j`«Å ˆHO„^•Å =Å¡ =∞Oz ^è~Œ ° ÅaèOK«∞#∞. r_ç=∂q∞_ç „áêÃãã≤OQ∑Ö’ HÍÅ∞+¨º ~°ÇÏ≤ `« Ѩ^uúŒ x LѨÜ∂≥ y¿ãÎ L`«ÊuÎ <å}º`« ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. L^•: Steam Boiling Method ~å„+‘ìÜ«∞ Hõ$+≤ qHÍãπ Ü≥∂[# (RKVY): O ǨiìHõÅÛ~ü ~°OQÆOÖ’ J=™ê÷Ѩ<å ã¨^Œ∞áêÜ«∂ÅÖ’ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi ÃÑ@∞ì|_»∞Å∞ ÃÑOK«∞@, qq^èŒ Ñ¨^äŒHÍÅ „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ „Ѩ„H˜Ü«∞ x~°fiǨÏ}Ö’ ã¨fiÜ«∞O „ѨuѨuÎx HõeÊOK«∞@ RKVY ÅHõ∆ º=Ú. O RKVY Ѩ^äŒHÍxfl =∞# ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ SHM J=∞Å∞HÍx lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ (Hõ$ëê‚, `«∂~°∞ÊQÀ^•=i, qâßYѨ@flO, q[Ü«∞#QÆ~°O) J=∞Å∞ Ѩ~°∞ã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. O Integrated Vegetable Production Project Å∞ ‰õÄ_® SHM J=∞Å∞ HÍx lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ J=∞Å∞Ѩ~°∞ã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. O RKVY ÅHõ∆ º=Ú =º=™êÜ«∞ J#∞|O^èŒ ~°OQÍÅÖ’ 4% =$kúx ™êkèOK«∞@. nx „H˜O^Œ KÕѨ>Ëì „Ñ¨^è•# HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂Å∞ 1. ѨO_»¡ `À@ ™êQÆ∞‰õΩ <å}º`«`À ‰õÄ_ç# "≥ÚHõ¯Å L`«ÊuΠѨOÑ≤}© 2. ‰õÄ~°QÍÜ«∞Å∞, @"≥∂\Ï q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ <å}º`« H˘~°‰õΩ ѨOk~°∞¡, „>ˇb¡Å∞ U~åÊ@∞ 3. JkèHõ LëÈ‚„QÆ`«#∞ JkèQÆq∞OKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ "Õã¨q ‰õÄ~°QÍÜ«∞Å#∞ Shade Net Å ^•fi~å ѨO_çOK«∞@. #~°ûsÅ#∞ „áÈ`«ûÇ≤ÏOK«∞@. 4. L`«ÊuÎ J#O`«~° J=™ê÷Ѩ<å ã¨^Œ∞áêÜ«∂Å#∞ JOkOK«∞@ O

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5. ǨiìHõÅÛ~üÖ’ =∞Oz =º=™êÜ«∞ Ѩ^Œú`«∞Å ^•fi~å ã¨Ç¨Ï[ =#~°∞Å#∞ ã¨O~°H˜∆OK«∞@ 2015–16Ö’ RKVY „H˜O^Œ ǨiìHõÅÛ~ü HÍ~°ºHõÖÏáêʼnõΩ 30.86 HÀ@∞¡ ˆH\Ï~ÚOK≥#∞. 2016–17Ö’ 61.67 HÀ@∞¡ Hˆ \Ï~ÚOK≥#∞.

National Mission on Oil Seeds and Oil Palm Programme (NMOOP)

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1.49 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡ qã‘Î~°‚O`À, 1.04 ÅHõ∆Å Ô~·`«∞Å∞, ~å„+¨ìOÖ’x 8 lÖÏ¡ÅÖ’ 225 =∞O_»ÖÏÖ’¡ P~ÚÖò áê"£∞ ™êQÆ∞KÕã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. P~ÚÖò áê"£∞ ™êQÆ∞Ö’ PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò ~å„+¨ìO ^Õâ◊OÖ’ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ ™ê÷#OÖ’ LOk. O XH˘¯Hõ¯ ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞‰õΩ ã¨QÆ@∞ L`åÊ^ŒHõ`« 19.81 @#∞flÅ `å*Ï ÔQÅÅ∞ (Fresh Fruit Bunches) L`«ÊuÎ J=Ù`«∞#flq. ѨtÛ=∞ QÀ^•=i lÖÏ¡Ö’ J`«ºkèHõ qã‘Î~°‚OÖ’ P~ÚÖò áê"£∞ ™êQÆ∞ J=Ù`«∞Ok. (78,427 ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡) O O P~ÚÖò áê"£∞ HõOÃÑhÅ∞ 13 „áêÃãã≤OQ∑ Ü«¸x@¡#∞ U~åÊ@∞ KÕÃã#∞. (QÆO@‰õΩ 240 "≥∞„\˜H± @#∞flÅ ™ê=∞~°÷ºO`À) O D HõOÃÑhÅ∞ ɡ·ÉϺH± (Buy Back) ã¨^Œ∞áêÜ«∞O ‰õÄ_® JOkã¨∞Î#flq. Wq „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO`À Hõeã≤ ѨxKÕã¨∞Î#flq. D HõOÃÑhʼnõΩ Hˆ \Ï~ÚOz# á¶êºHõsì *’<£ÅÖ’ „ѨÉ∞íè `«fiO x~°~‚ ÚOz# ~ˆ @¡‰Ωõ ~Ô `· ∞« Å #∞O_ç P~ÚÖò áê"£∞ HÍÜ«∞Å QÆ∞`«∞ÅÎ #∞ H˘#∞QÀÅ∞ KÕã¨∞Î#flk. O 2015–16Ö’ 60:40 x+¨ÊuÎÖ’ ˆHO„^Œ, ~å„+¨ì „ѨÉèí∞`åfiÅ∞ 57.7 HÀ@∞¡ ˆH\Ï~ÚOK≥#∞. O 2016–17 ã¨O=`«û~åxH˜ 58 HÀ@∞¡ NMOOP H˜ ˆH\Ï~ÚOK≥#∞. O GoI, GoAP Å∞ 60:40 x+¨ÊuÎÖ’ D x^èŒ∞Å#∞ JOk™êÎ~Ú. 2016 JHÀì|~ü <å\˜H˜ 6323 ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ nx „H˜O^Œ QÆ∞iÎOK«|_»QÍ 2,407 ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡Ö’ Wk J=∞Å∞ KÕÜ«∞_»O [iyOk. 3458 =∞Ok Åaúá⁄O^ŒQÆÅ~°x ÉèÏqOK«QÍ 1859 =∞Ok Åaú á⁄O^≥#∞. ~å„+¨ì „Ѩ}ÏoHõ „H˜O^Œ L^•º# ѨO@Å HÍ~°º„Hõ=∞O, „áÈ`åûǨÏHõ=Ú O

„áê^äŒq∞Hõ ~°OQÆ q∞+¨<£Ö’ ǨiìHõÅÛ~ü ~°OQÍxH˜ JkèHõ „áê^è•#º`« WK≥Û#∞. „áê^äŒq∞Hõ ~°OQÆ ã¨=∞„QÆ Jaè=$kúH˜ L^•º# ѨO@Å ~°OQÍxfl Best Growth Engine QÍ QÆ∞iÎOK≥#∞.

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~å„+¨ì Jaè=$kú „Ѩ}ÏoHõ „H˜O^Œ D ~°OQÍxH˜ 2015–16 H˜ 100.48 HÀ@∞¡ qxÜ≥∂yOK«QÍ 2016–17Ö’ 100 HÀ@∞¡ Hˆ \Ï~ÚOK≥#∞. D x^è∞Œ Å#∞ ǨiìHÅõ Û~ü „H˜O^Œ L#fl Éè∂í qã‘~Î O‚° qã¨iÎ OK«∞@‰õΩ (H˘|ƒiÖ’ HÀHÀ ™êQÆ∞, q_çÑÓ¨ Å∞, J~°\ ˜ ÉÁáêÊ~Ú, ÃÑ·<åÑ≤Öò "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·q). r_ç=∂q∞_çÖ’ "Õ∞eHõ@∞ì (Canopy Management in Cashew), ~°H˜∆`« =º=™êÜ«∞=Ú (Green House, Shade Net Houses), h\˜ =#~°∞Å HõÅÊ# (Farm Ponds), ѨO_»∞,¡ ‰õÄ~°QÍÜ«∞ÅÖ’ ã¨g∞Hõ$`« `≥Q∞Æ à◊√§ Ü«∂[=∂#º=Ú, L`«ÊuÎ J#O`«~° HÍ~°ºHõÖÏáêÅ x~°fiǨÏ} (Pack House, Onion Storage Structures, Rever Vans, Ripening chambers, Chilli Dryers etc,) =∂#= =#~°∞Å Jaè=$kúH˜ LѨÜ≥∂y™êÎ~°∞. Animal Husbandry (Ѩ â ◊ √ 㨠O Ѩ ^ Œ ) O =∂Oã¨O L`«ÊuÎÖ’ ~å„+¨ìO 4= ™ê÷#O á⁄OkOk (5.66 ÅHõ∆Å "≥∞„\˜H± @#∞flÅ∞) O áêÅ L`«ÊuÎÖ’ ~å„+¨ìO 5= ™ê÷#OÖ’ LOk (108.17 ÅHõ∆Å "≥∞„\˜H± @#∞flÅ∞) O ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ "≥@~°fls ã¨Oã¨÷Å∞ 3,119 HõÅ=Ù O Ѩâ√◊ ã¨OѨ^Œ „QÍg∞} ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏʼnõΩ PǨ~åxfl, ¿ãO„nÜ«∞ Z~°∞=ÙÅ#∞, WO\˜ WO^è<Œ åxfl, =∂Oã¨=Ú, K«~å‡xfl JOkOK«∞@`À áê@∞ ~ÀA"åi xÅHõ_» P^•Ü«∂xfl JOk™ÈÎOk. O f„="≥∞ÿ# Hõ~°∞=Ù ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ ‰õÄ_® P^•Ü«∂xfl ã¨OáêkOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ P^è•~°Ñ¨_Õ Ñ¨`åº=∂flÜ«∞ ~°OQÆOQÍ LOk. O ѨO@Å∞ ^≥|ƒu#flѨÙÊ_»∞, „ѨH$õ u "≥Ñ· s¨ `åºÅ∞ ã¨OÉèqí Oz#ѨÙÊ_»∞ Wk ã¨ÇϨ [ã≤^"úŒ ∞≥ #ÿ ÃÑ@∞ì|_çQÍ LѨÜ∂≥ QÆÑ_¨ ç c=∂=Öˇ P^•Ü«∂xfl JOk™ÈÎOk. O ѨÓ~°fi HÍÅO #∞O_ç Ѩâ◊√ ã¨OѨ^Œ ÉèÏ~°`« =º=™êÜ«∞ =∞iÜ«Ú „QÍg∞} Pi÷Hõ =º=ã¨÷Ö’ ÉèÏQÆO. O ѨO@ L`«ÊuÎH˜ HÍ=Åã≤# â◊H˜Îx (Z~°∞=ÙÅ∞) Ѩâ◊√ã¨OѨ^Œ Wã¨∞ÎOk. =∞iÜ«Ú Ñ¨O@ LѨ L`«Ê`«∞ÎÅ∞, J=âıëêÅ #∞O_ç ZHÍ#q∞

77

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`«=∞ PǨ~° J=ã¨~åÅ∞ f~°∞Û‰õΩO@∞#flq. O |ÅÇ‘Ï# =~åæÅÖ’ ¿Ñ^ŒiHÍxfl `«yæOK«_®xH˜, ã¨=∞`Òź Jaè=$kúH˜ Wk ^ÀǨÏ^ŒÑ¨_»∞`«∞Ok. O â◊√+¨¯, J~°ú â◊√+¨¯ „áêO`åÅÖ’ (Arid, Semi Arid) ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏʼnõΩ ã≤÷~° P^•Ü«∂xfl JOkã¨∞ÎOk. =ÚYºOQÍ Hõ~°=Ù, H∆Í=∞=Ú qѨ`«∞ÎÅ ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ Best Insurance QÍ LѨÜ≥∂QÆѨ_»∞`«∞Ok. Ѩâ◊√ ã¨OѨ^ŒÖ’ =$kú – ã¨q∞‡o`«=Ú O Z‰õΩ¯= Ѩâ◊√ã¨OѨ^Œ HÍ~°ºHõÖÏáêÅ∞ (^•}Ï `Õ=_»=Ú, "Õ∞`«, h~°∞, P~ÀQƺ ã¨O~°Hõ∆}, áêÅ∞ fÜ«∞_»=Ú, qÅ∞= [`« KÕÜ«∞_»=Ú "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·#q.) „ã‘ÎÅKÕ x~°fiÇ≤ÏOK«|_»∞#∞. O Ѩâ√◊ ã¨OѨ^Œ ~°OQÆOÖ’ =$kú, _ç=∂O_£ „_≥=· <£(Demand Driven)<Õ H͉õΩO_® ã¨q∞‡o`«"∞≥ #ÿ k, ¿Ñ^ŒÅ‰õΩ J#∞‰õÄÅ"≥∞#ÿ k. W`«~° ~°OQÍÅ`À áÈe¿ãΠѨâ◊√ ã¨OѨ^ŒÖ’ ÃÑ@∞ì|_çÃÑ· ~å|_ç ˆ~@∞ Z‰õΩ¯= LO@∞Ok. O ~å„+¨ì Pi÷Hõ =º=ã¨÷‰õΩ ™ê^è•~°}OQÍ, =º=™êÜ«∞ Pi÷Hõ =º=ã¨÷#∞ „Ѩ`ÕºHõOQÍ `«# =O`«∞ "å\Ï#∞ JOkã¨∞ÎOk. JO`ÕHÍHõ Láêkè J=HÍâßÅ∞ JOkã¨∂Î, Pã¨∞ÎÅ#∞ ã¨$+≤ìã¨∂Î ™ê=∂lHõ Pi÷Hõ Éèí„^Œ`«#∞ JOkã¨∞ÎOk. O [<åÉèωõΩ „áÈ\©#¡`À ‰õÄ_»∞‰õΩ#fl PǨ~åxfl JOkã¨∞ÎOk. P^•Ü«∞O =∂ˆ~H˘kÌ [O`«∞ P^è•i`« PǨ~° L`«Ê`«∞ÎʼnõΩ ~ÀA~ÀAH˜ _ç=∂O_£ ÃÑ~°QÆ_»O`À Wk Éèíq+¨º`«∞ÎÖ’ =∞iO`« ÃÑ~°QÆ_®xH˜ J=HÍâ◊O LOk. áêÅ∞, =∂Oã¨O, „QÆ∞_»∞¡ – H©ÅHõ"≥∞ÿ# =$kú KÀ^ŒHÍÅ∞ O „QÍ=∂ÅÖ’ ÃÑi\˜Ö’ HÀà◊¡ ÃÑOѨHõO #∞O_ç Ѩâ◊√ áÈ+¨} HÀà◊¡ Ѩi„â◊=∞QÍ J=`«i™ÈÎOk. áêÅ∞, =∂Oã¨O L`«ÊuÎ QÆ}hÜ«∞OQÍ ÃÑiÔQ#∞. ^Õâ◊OÖ’ Ѩâ◊√ ã¨OѨ^Œ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl ~å„ëêìÅÖ’ PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò XHõ\ ˜. O ~å„+¨ì „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO Ѩâ◊√ã¨OѨ^Œx P^è•~°Ñ¨_»^ŒQÆæ ~°OQÆOQÍ (Promising) áêÅ∞, =∂Oã¨O, „QÆ∞_»¡#∞ H©ÅHõ =$kú KÀ^ŒHÍÅ∞QÍ QÆ∞iÎOK≥#∞. O ~å„+¨ì Pi÷Hõ =º=㨉÷ Ωõ áêÅ∞ JkèHõ P^•Ü«∂xfl `≥zÛ ÃÑ_»∞`«∞Ok. (Milk is the Single largest Commodity contributing Highest Economy to the State) O Ѩâ◊√ ã¨OѨ^Œ ~°OQÆOÖ’ =∞Oz L`«ÊuÎx ™êkèOK«∞@‰õΩ Ѩâ◊√ ã¨O=~°÷Hõ ¿ã=Å∞ J=ã¨~°=Ú. Q˘„Ô~Å∞, HÀà◊√¡ áê_ç Jaè=$kúH˜ „ѨÉèí∞fi`«fiO KÕѨ\ ˜ì# ã¨OˆH∆=∞ Ѩ^äŒHÍÅ∞ „Ѩ[Å P^•Ü«∞ JO`«~åÅ#∞ ѨÓ_»Û_®xH˜ LѨÜ≥∂QÆѨ_»∞K«∞#flq. O *ÏfÜ«∞ P~ÀQÍxfl ÃÑOá⁄OkOK«∞@ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi =ÚYº ÅHõ∆ º=Ú. nxÔH· <å}º"≥∞ÿ# áêÅ∞, =∂Oã¨O, QÆ∞_»∞¡ =O\˜ [O`«∞ PǨ~° L`«Ê`«∞ÎÅ#∞ JOkOKåe. Ѩâ◊√=ÙʼnõΩ âß„ã‘ÎÜ«∞ Ѩ^ŒúuÖ’ Ѷ‘_çOQ∑, „c_çOQ∑, P~ÀQƺ x~°fiǨÏ} KÕѨ\Ïìe. O 2015–16Ö’ ÉèÏ~°`« „ѨÉèí∞`«fi JOK«<åÅ „ѨHÍ~°O QÆ∞_»∞¡ L`«ÊuÎÖ’ ~å+¨ìO 2= ™ê÷#O (1417 HÀ@∞¡) O =∂Oã¨O L`«ÊuÎÖ’ 4= ™ê÷#O (5.66 ÅHõ∆Å "≥∞„\˜H± @#∞flÅ∞) O áêÅ L`«ÊuÎÖ’ 5= ™ê÷#O (108 ÅHõ∆Å "≥∞„\˜H± @#∞flÅ∞) á⁄O^≥#∞. ~å„ëêìxH˜ QÆ~°fiHÍ~°}"≥∞ÿ# „ѨMϺu QÍOz# Ѩâ◊√*Ï`«∞Å∞ O

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2012 Ѩâ◊√QÆ}ÏOHÍÅ „ѨHÍ~°O 126 ÅHõ∆Å ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏÅÖ’ 62.54 ÅHõ∆Å∞ ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏÅ∞ (49.38%) Ѩâ◊√ ã¨OѨ^Œ, ^•x J#∞|O^èŒ HÍ~°ºHõÖÏáêÅÃÑ· P^è•~°Ñ¨_ç#q. ˆH@ys P=ÙÅ∞ ˆQ^≥Å∞ Q˘„Ô~Å∞

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2007 18= Ãã#ûãπ „ѨHÍ~°O (ÅHõ∆Ö’¡) 54.73 82.30 121.20 78

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"Õ∞HõÅ∞ 48.24 44.96 ѨO^Œ∞Å∞ 2.06 1.57 HÀà◊√¡ 745.37 805.83 2007 Ãã#ûãπ #∞O_ç 2012 Ãã#ûãπ <å\˜H˜ Q˘„Ô~Å∞ `«Ñ¨Ê q∞QÆ`å Ѩâ◊√=ÙÅ ã¨OYº `«ÔQæ#∞. Q˘„Ô~Å∞, HÀà◊¡ ã¨OYº ÃÑiÔQ#∞. ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ 2012 Ãã#ûãπ <å\˜H˜ 47 ÅHõ∆Å P=ÙÅ∞, Z^Œ∞ÌÅ∞, 64 ÅHõ∆Å ˆQ^≥Å∞, 135 ÅHõ∆Å Q˘„Ô~Å∞ (Q˘„Ô~Å ã¨OYºÖ’ ^Õâ◊OÖ’ ~å„+¨ì=Ú "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ ™ê÷#OÖ’ LOk.) 44 ÅHõ∆Å "Õ∞HõÅ∞, 1.57 ÅHõ∆ŠѨO^Œ∞Å∞, 0.13 ÅHõ∆Å W`«~° Ѩâ◊√ ã¨OѨ^Œ HõeÑ≤ "≥Ú`«ÎO Ѩâ◊√ã¨OѨ^Œ 294.03 ÅHõ∆Å∞ =∞iÜ«Ú 805.83 ÅHõ∆Å HÀà◊√¡ (^Õâ◊OÖ’ 3= ™ê÷#OÖ’ LOk.)

<å}º`«`À ‰õÄ_»∞‰õΩ#fl Ѩâ√◊ ^•}Ï#∞ JOkOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ ^ÕâO◊ Ö’<Õ "≥Ú^Œ\ ™˜ êiQÍ Fodder Security Policy x „ѨH\õ O˜ K≥#∞ O „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO BPL ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏʼnõΩ '' ‰õΩ@∞O| qHÍã¨O—— H˜O^Œ Ѩâ◊√ ^•}ÏÃÑ· 50% ã¨aû_ô Wã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. O „Ѩu ‰õΩ@∞O|O <≥ʼnõΩ 10 "ÕʼnõΩ `«‰õΩ¯= H͉õΩO_® (=º=™êÜ«∞=Ú, Ѩâ◊√áÈ+¨} ^•fi~å) P^•Ü«∞O á⁄O^ÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO Hõ$+≤ KÕã¨∞Î#flk. O 2012 Ѩâ◊√ ã¨OѨ^Œ QÆ}ÏOHÍÅ „ѨHÍ~°O P=ÙÅ∞ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ z`«∂Î~°∞ `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ „ѨHÍâ◊O O ˆQ^≥Å ã¨OYº Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ QÆ∞O@∂~°∞ `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ z`«∂Î~°∞ O Q˘„Ô~Å ã¨OYº Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ J#O`«ÑÙ¨ ~°O `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ `«∂~°∞Ê QÀ^•=i O "Õ∞HõÅ ã¨OYº Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ J#O`«ÑÙ¨ ~O° `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ Hõ$ëê‚ O ѨO^Œ∞Å ã¨OYº Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ J#O`«Ñ¨Ù~°O `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ NH͉õΩà◊O O HÀà◊¡ ã¨OYº Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ ѨtÛ=∞ QÀ^•=i `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ Hõ~°∂flÅ∞ GSDP H˜ Ѩ â ◊ √ 㨠O Ѩ ^ Œ "å\Ï O 2016–17 J_®fi<£û_£ JOK«<åÅÖ’ ~å„+¨ì GSDP Ö’ Ѩâ◊√ ã¨OѨ^Œ 59,796 HÀ@∞¡ (9.32%) „Ѩã¨∞Î`« ^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ Hõey LOk. 2015–16Ö’ áÈe¿ãÎ 15.99% =$kúx Hõey LOk. O 2015–16Ö’ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜™êiQÍ Ñ¨â◊√ã¨OѨ^Œ GVA Ö’ =º=™êÜ«∞ ~°OQÍxfl JkèQÆq∞OzOk. O 18= Ѩâ◊√QÆ}ÏOHÍÅ #∞O_ç 19= Ѩâ◊√QÆ}ÏOHÍÅH˜ P=ÙÅ∞, ˆQ^≥Å ã¨OYº `«yæ#ѨÊ\˜H© L`«ÊuÎ, áÈ+¨Hõ qÅ∞=Å`À ‰õÄ_»∞‰õΩ#fl PǨ~°=Ú, Ô~·`«∞Å P^•Ü«∞O ÃÑiÔQ#∞. nxH˜ HÍ~°}O ã¨OHõ~° *Ïu P=ÙÅ∞, =Ú„~å*Ïu ˆQ^≥Å∞ =O\˜ áê_ç Ѩâ◊√=ÙÅ ã¨OYº ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞@ÜÕ∞. áêÅ∞, QÆ∞_»∞¡, =∂Oã¨O L`«ÊuÎ JOâ◊=Ú Ü«¸x\ò 2014–15 2015–16 2016–17 ( 2016 ÃãÃÑìO|~ü =~°‰õΩ) Milk LMT 96.56 108.17 59.57 Growth % 6.31 12.02 Meat LMT 5.27 5.66 3.14 Growth % 7.77 7.40 O

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_ç ) ˆ~+¨<£ ÉÏºÖˇxûOQ∑ Ѩ^äŒHõO: Wk #∂`«# Ѩ^äŒHõ=Ú. ™ê÷xHõOQÍ JO^Œ∞ÉÏ@∞Ö’ L#fl Ѩâ◊√„QÍ㨠=#~°∞Å#∞ qxÜ≥∂yOK«∞HÀ=_»O ^•fi~å áêÅ L`«ÊuÎx QÆi+¨ìO KÕÃã#∞. áêÅ L`«ÊuÎ ^•~°∞ÅÖ’ J=QÍǨÏ# HõeÊOK«_®xH˜ L^ÕÌtOK«|_ç#k. QÀáêÅq∞„`å, NGO, Ѩâ◊√ã¨O=~°÷Hõ âßY ã≤|ƒOk, W`«~° U*ˇhûÅ ^•fi~å J=∞Å∞ KÕ™êÎ~°∞. W) „Ѩâ◊√„QÍ㨠q`«Î<åÅ∞ ã¨~°Ñ¶¨~å (Fodder Seed Supply) : Wk J=∞Å∞Ö’ L#fl Ѩ^äŒHõ=Ú. ÉèÏs ™ê÷~ÚÖ’ Ѩâ√◊ „QÍ™êxfl ÃÑOK«∞@‰õΩ Ѩâ√◊ „QÍ㨠q`«<Î åŠѨOÑ≤}H© ˜ L^ÕtÌ OK«|_ç#k. nxÖ’ 75% ã¨aû_ô`À q`«<Î åÅ∞ JO^Œ*™Ë êÎ~∞° . ZѶ π )Ѩâ◊√„QÍ㨠ÉϺO‰õΩÅ∞ (Fodder Banks): Wk J=∞Å∞Ö’ L#fl Ѩ^äŒHõO. Ѩâ◊√„QÍã¨O H˘~°`«QÍ L#fl ã¨=∞Ü«∞OÖ’ ã¨~°Ñ¶¨~å KÕ¿ãO^Œ∞‰õΩ âß„ã‘ÎÜ«∞ Ѩ^ŒúuÖ’ Ѩâ◊√„QÍã¨O xÅfi KÕÜ«∞_®xH˜ L^ÕÌtOK«_»"≥∞ÿ#k. ÃÇÏKü) Ѩâ◊√„QÍã¨O, ^•}Ï ã¨~°Ñ¶¨~å: Wk J=∞Å∞Ö’ L#fl Ѩ^äŒHõO. Ѩâ◊√„QÍ™êxfl ã¨aû_ô^•~°¡‰õΩ JOk™êÎ~°∞. ѨK«ÛQÆ_ç¤x H˜Ö’ ~°∂.2, ZO_»∞QÆ_x¤ç ~°∂.3, TMR Fodder Block Å#∞ ~°∂3.50‰õΩ, Concentrate Trade x ~°∂.4ňH JOk™êÎ~∞° . 3. Ѩâ◊√ã¨OѨ^Œ Jaè=$kú Ѩ^äŒHÍÅ x~°fiǨÏ} P~ÀQƺ ã¨O~°Hõ∆} Z) H©∆~° ™êQÆ~°=Ú: QÆ~ƒ° Où ^•eÛ# Ѩâ√◊ =ÙÅ P~ÀQƺO Ѩ@¡ „â◊^úŒ K«∂Ѩ_O» H˘~°‰Ωõ L^ÕtÌ OK«|_ç#k. D Ѩ^HŒä Oõ J=∞Å∞ =Å¡ XHõ Ѩâ√◊ =Ù rq`« HÍÅOÖ’ J^Œ#OQÍ 360 b@~°¡ áêÅ∞, XHõ ^Œ∂_» Åaèã∞¨ OÎ ^Œx ~°∞["≥O· k. nxH˜ ‰õÄ_® 75% ã¨aû_ô W™êÎ~∞° . a) ã¨∞Ѷ¨ÖÏO: „Ѩu áê_ç [O`«∞=Ù #∞O_ç 15 #∞O_ç 18 <≥ÅÅÖ’ XHõ ^Œ∂_»#∞ á⁄O^ÕÖÏ KÕÜ«∞_»O nx L^ÕÌâ◊ºO. ã¨O`å#O ÖËx Ѩâ◊√=ÙÅÖ’ ã¨O`å<À`«ÊuÎ [iˆQÖÏ Wk K«∂ã¨∞ÎOk. ã≤ ) [#‡Éèí∂q∞ – =∂=Ó~°∞ : „QÍ=∞ ѨOKåÜ«∞fÅ∞, =∞O_»ÖÏÖ’¡ Ѩâ◊√ P~ÀQƺ ta~åÅ∞ x~°fiÇ≤ÏOK≥#∞. h~°∞ – K≥@∞ì, á⁄ÅO Ñ≤Å∞™ÈÎOk. HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂Å „H˜O^Œ Ѩâ◊√„QÍ™êxH˜ LѨÜ≥∂QÆѨ_Õ "≥ÚHõ¯Å∞ <å@_»O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. _ç ) ã¨OKå~° Ѩâ◊√ ¿ã=Å∞ (NTR ã¨OKå~° Ѩâ◊√"≥·^Œº ¿ã=Å∞): Wk H˘`«Î Ѩ^äŒHõO. 45 Ѩâ◊√ã¨O=~°÷Hõ _çq[<£ÅÖ’ XH˘¯Hõ¯\˜ K˘Ñ¨ÙÊ# ã¨OKå~° "≥·^Œº ¿ã=Å∞ x~°fiÇ≤Ï™êÎ~°∞. g\˜x <≥=∞‡kQÍ 180H˜ ÃÑOK«∞`å~°∞. 4. _≥~Ús/Q˘„Ô~Å∞/ᜄbì ~°OQÍxH˜ =∞øeHõ =ã¨`«∞Å =∞^ŒÌ`«∞ Ѩâ◊√ áÈ+¨} ~°OQÍxH˜ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO qq^èŒ Ñ¨^äŒHÍÅ J=∞Å∞, J=™ê÷Ѩ<å ã¨^Œ∞áêÜ«∂Å HõÅÊ# ^•fi~å =∞^ŒÌ`«∞ JOkã¨∞ÎOk. L^•: ã¨∂_ç`À L#fl Ѩâ◊√=ÙʼnõΩ Ѩâ◊√„QÍã¨O JOkOK«∞@, Q˘„Ô~Å Ã+Åì~°¡ x~å‡}O, ÃÑ^ŒÌ HÀà◊¡á¶ê~åÅ U~åÊ@∞‰õΩ =_ô¤ ~å~Úf "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q. Ѩâ◊√ ã¨OѨ^Œ P~ÀQƺ ã¨O~°Hõ∆} K«~°ºÅ∞ O 2016–17Ö’ 52 "ÕʼnõΩ ÃÑ·QÍ Brucella "åºH˜û<Õ+¨<£Å#∞ x~°fiÇ≤ÏOK≥#∞. O `«∂~°∞Ê QÀ^•=i lÖÏ¡ ™ê=∞~°¡HÀ@Ö’ QÆÅ "≥@~°fls |Ü≥∂ÖÏlHõÖò sÃãiÛ Wxã≤ì@∂º\ò ѨÅ∞ ~°HÍŠᜄbì "≥·~°Öò "åºH˜û#∞¡#∞ (R.D, K) L`«ÊuÎ KÕã¨∞Î#flq. O ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ 6058 Hõ$„u=∞ QÆ~°ƒù^è•i}˜ ˆHO„^•Å∞ L#flq. WO^Œ∞Ö’ 80% ÃÑ·QÍ P=ÙÅ∞, ˆQ^≥ʼnõΩ K≥Ok#q. 3043 Ѩâ◊√ã¨O=~°÷Hõ âßY‰õΩ K≥Ok#q. Frozen Semen Bull Stations: PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò Öˇ·"£™êìH± _≥=ÅÑπ"≥∞O\ò U*ˇhû ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ 3 „á¶È*ˇ<£ ã≤"≥∞<£|∞Öò ¿ãì+¨<£Å#∞ x~°fiÇ≤Ïã¨∞Î#flk. (#O^•ºÅ, |#"åã≤, qâßYѨ@flO) O „Ѩu ã¨O=û~°O 2,400 ÃѶiìe\© HͺOѨÙÅ#∞ QÀáêÅq∞„`« ˆHO„^•Å =^ŒÌ x~°fiÇ≤Ï™êÎ~°∞. ã¨O`å#O HõÅQÆx [O`«∞=ÙʼnõΩ ã¨O`å<À`«ÊuÎ [iˆQÖÏ ™êOˆHuHõ xѨÙ}∞Å P^èŒfi~°ºOÖ’ x~°fiÇ≤ÏOK«|_≥#∞. O ˆHO„^Œ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi Ѩ^äŒHõ"≥∞ÿ# Live Stock Insurance Scheme Ѩâ◊√=ÙÅ c=∂ H˘~°‰õΩ J=∞Å∞Ѩ~°Û_»O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. O 2016 JHÀì|~ü =~°‰õΩ P ã¨O=`«û~åxH˜ 1,25,495 Ѩâ◊√=ÙʼnõΩ c=∂ JOkOK«_»"≥∞ÿOk. National Policy for Bovine Breeding (NPBB): D q^è•<åxfl „H˜Ok ÅH∆ͺŠ™ê^èŒ#‰õΩ fã¨∞‰õΩ=K≥Û#∞. ZHÍ#q∞

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Animal Husbandry Day

<≥ÅÖ’ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ â◊x"å~åxfl Ѩâ◊√ã¨O=~°÷Hõ k<À`«û=OQÍ [~°∞ѨÙ`å~°∞. Ô~·`«∞ÅÖ’ Ѩâ◊√ã¨OѨ^ŒÃÑ· J=QÍǨÏ# HõeÊOK«∞@‰õΩ _çáê~°∞ì"≥∞O\ò KÕѨ>Ëì HÍ~°ºHõÖÏáêÅ#∞ Ô~·`«∞Å =^ŒÌ‰õΩ fã¨∞‰õΩ"≥à◊¡_®xH˜ Wk LѨÜ≥∂QÆѨ_»∞`«∞Ok. nx ÅHõ∆ ºO Ѩâ◊√ã¨OѨ^Œ L`åÊ^ŒHõ`«#∞ ÃÑOz g\˜ÃÑ· P^è•~°Ñ¨_»¤ „Ѩ[Å r=# q^è•<åxfl ÃÑOK«∞@. AP Centre for Advanced Research on Live Stock Pvt.Ltd (APCARL)

ѨÙe"≥O^Œ∞ÅÖ’ QÆÅ "Assistnace for Establishment of Indira Gandhi Centre for Advanced Research on Live stock Limited" #∞ Assistnance for Establishment of Andhra Pradesh Centre for Advanced Research on Live Stock Limited QÍ =∂~åÛÅx „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO P[˝Å∞ *Ïs KÕÃã#∞. O qâßYѨ@flO q∞#Ǩ~ÚOz 2015–16 <å\˜H˜ 12 lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ 12 "≥@~°fls áêeH©¡xH±Å∞ L#flq. O Hõ$ëê‚, Hõ~°∂flÅ∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ Ô~O_»∞ Super Speciality Hospitals L#flq. Ѩâ◊√ Jaè=$kú O |ÅÇ‘Ï#=~åæÅ "åi ™êOѶ≤∞Hõ, Pi÷Hõ ™ê÷~Úx "≥∞~°∞QÆ∞Ѩ~°Û_®xH˜ ѨO^Œ∞ŠѨi„â◊=∞ ‰õÄ_® ^ÀǨÏ^ŒÑ¨_»∞`«∞Ok O ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ 4 Pig Breeding Stations HõÅ=Ù, 1. q[Ü«∞#QÆ~°O, 2. qâßYѨ@flO, 3.ѨtÛ=∞QÀ^•=i, QÀѨ#fláêÖˇO, 4.Hõ$ëê‚– Muktyala Ѩâ◊√ ã¨OѨ^Œ – RKVY: 100% Hˆ O„^Œ ã¨Ç¨ Ü«∞O`À Ѩâ√◊ ã¨OѨ^Œ ~°OQÆOÖ’ 8% "åi¬Hõ =$kúx ™êkèOKåÅx 2008–09 #∞Oz ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ nxx J=∞Å∞Ѩ~°∞ã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. Piggery Development Project Visakha Ö’ J=∞Å=Ù`«∞Ok. O

APLDA - AP Live Stock Development Agency

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National Project for Cattle and Buffalo Breeding (NPCBB)

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J=∞ÅѨ~∞° ã¨∞<Î åfl~°∞. Sheep Breeding Farms

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2016-17 Ö’ KÕѨÅ∞, ~˘Ü«∞ºÅ∞ L`«ÊuÎ 27 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ∞ L`«ÊuÎ KÕÜ«∂Åx ÅHõ∆ ºOQÍ ÃÑ@∞ìHÀQÍ, 2016 #=O|~ü <å\˜H˜ 18.58 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ∞ L`«ÊuÎ KÕÃã#∞. 2016–17 (AE)Ö’ ~å„+¨ì GVA H˜ KÕѨŠ~°OQÆO 6.78 âß`åxfl JOkã¨∞Î#flk. 2015–16Ö’ KÕÑŨ ∞, ~˘Ü«∞ºÅ∞, L`«ÊuÎ 23.52 ÅHõÅ∆ @#∞flÅ∞, nxÖ’ ã¨=Ú„^Œ KÕÑŨ ∞, ~˘Ü«∞ºÅ∞ 5.20 ÅHõÅ∆ @#∞flÅ∞ HÍQÍ ^ÕjÜ«∞ KÕѨÅ∞, ~˘Ü«∞ºÅ∞ 18.32 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ∞ 2000–01Ö’ KÕѨÅ∞, ~˘Ü«∞ºÅ L`«ÊuÎ 5 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ∞ HÍQÍ 2005–06Ö’ 8 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ∞, 2015–16 <å\˜H˜ 23.52 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅH˜ ÃÑiÔQ#∞. 2016–17Ö’ (#=O|~ü <å\˜H˜) 18.58 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ∞ 2015–16Ö’ KÕѨÅ, ~˘Ü«∞ºÅ L`«ÊuÎ =$kú 18.91( QÆ`« <åÅ∞QÆ∞ ã¨O=`«û~åÅ #∞O_ç D ~°OQÆOÖ’ Ô~O_»OÔHÅ =$kú #"≥∂^Œ∞ J=`«∞Ok. nxH˜ HÍ~°}O Ô~·`«∞Å <≥·Ñ¨Ù}ϺÅ∞, „ѨÉèí∞`«fi J#∞‰õÄÅ "≥·Yi, =∞`«ûºâßY fã¨∞‰õΩ<Õ K«~°ºÅ∞)

Registration of Coastal Aquaculture

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2005 ÉèÏ~°`« „ѨÉ∞íè `«fi áÈã¨Öì ò PHÍfiHõÅÛ~ü J^ä•i\© K«@Oì =∞iÜ«Ú x|O^è#Œ Å „ѨHÍ~°O ã¨=Ú„^•Å∞, #^Œ∞Å∞, LѨ#^Œ∞Å JkèHÀ#flu ˆ~Y (High Tide Line) #∞O_ç 2 H˜Ö’g∞@~°¡ ^Œ∂~°O ֒Ѩ٠L#fl Éèí∂q∞ áÈã¨ìÖò PHÍfiHõÅÛ~ü J^è•i\© Ѩikè „H˜O^Œ‰õΩ =K«∞Û#∞. Ô~O_»∞ ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ =~°‰õΩ h\˜ "åºÑ≤Î qã‘Î~°‚O Hõey# ˆH∆„`åʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# JÑ≤¡ˆH+¨#∞¡ lÖÏ¡™ê÷~Ú Hõq∞\© (~å„+¨ì™ê÷~Ú Hõq∞\©H˜ ã¨=∂Kå~åxfl JOkã¨∞ÎOk) Coastal Aquaculture Authority (CAA) H˜ ã≤á¶ê~°ã¨∞ KÕã¨∞ÎOk. Ô~O_»∞ ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ ^•\˜`Õ lÖÏ¡ ™ê÷~Ú Hõq∞\© ~å„+¨ì ™ê÷~Ú Hõq∞\©H˜ CAA ã≤áê¶ ~°ã∞¨ KÕã∞¨ OÎ k. ~å„+¨™ì ê÷~Ú Hõq∞\© CAA‰õΩ ã≤áê¶ ~°ã∞¨ KÕÜÚ« #∞.

Registration of Fresh Water Aquaculture

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4/5= =O`«∞ =∞`«ûºHÍ~°∞ʼnõΩ ™⁄O`« "Õ@ Ѩ_»=Å∞ ÖË=Ù. HÍ|\˜ì BPL ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏʼnõΩ 50% ã¨aû_ô`À É’\òÅ∞, <≥\òÅ∞ JOkã¨∞<Î åfl~°∞. =∞`«ûºHÍ~°∞ʼnõΩ QÆ$Ç¨Ï x~å‡} Ѩ^äŒHõO O ÉèÏ~°`« „ѨÉèí∞`«fi *ÏfÜ«∞ =∞`«ûºHÍ~°∞Å ã¨OˆH∆=∞ Ѩ^äŒHõ=Ú, PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò „ѨÉèí∞`«fi NTR „QÍg∞} QÆ$Ç¨Ï x~å‡} Ѩ^äŒHõO „H˜O^Œ =∞`«ûºHÍ~°∞ʼnõΩ 1,87,500Å Ü«¸x\ò =ºÜ«∞O`À ѨHͯ Wà◊√¡ xi‡ã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. O State Institute of Fisheries Technology (SIFT) ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~°O`À =∞`«ûºHÍ~°∞ʼnõΩ tHõ∆} JOkã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. S.C. LѨ „Ѩ } ÏoHõ 2016–17Ö’ nx „H˜O^Œ 59.31 HÀ@∞¡ ˆH\Ï~ÚOK≥#∞. nxÖ’ Ѩ_»=Å∞, i[~åfiÜ«∞~°∞¡, K≥~°∞=ÙÖ’¡ "Õ\Ï_Õ"åiH˜ Ãã·H˜à◊√¡, =ÅÅ∞, SãπÉÏH±ûÅ∞, „Ѷ‘*ˇ~ü`À ‰õÄ_ç# "≥∂ÃÑ_£Å∞, iѶ¨~ü "å<£û "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·#q JOk™êÎ~°∞. 2015 PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò =∞`«ûº q^è•#O „H˜O^Œ Fish Processing Unit Å U~åÊ@∞‰õΩ ã¨aû_ô W™êÎ~°∞. Tribal Sub Plan

2016–17Ö’ 20.41 HÀ@∞¡ ˆH\Ï~ÚOK≥#∞. nxÖ’ KÕѨŠ=∂Ô~¯\˜OQ∑‰õΩ 3/4 K«„HÍÅ "åǨÏ<åÅ∞, Ѩ_»=Å∞,Ãã·H˜à◊√¡ JOk™êÎ~°∞. i[~åfiÜ«∞~°¡Ö’ Cage Culture x „áÈ`«ûÇ≤Ï™êÎ~°∞. K«O„^Œ#fl c=∂ O QÆ`«OÖ’ ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ ˆHO„^Œ „áêÜ≥∂l`« Ѩ^äŒHõ"≥∞ÿ# Group Accident Insurance Scheme (GAIS) x J=∞Å∞ѨiKÕ"å~°∞. „Ѩã¨∞Î`«O =∞`«ûºâßY "å~°∞ K«O„^Œ#fl c=∂ Ѩ^äŒHõO ^•fi~å =∞`«ûºHÍ~°∞Å#∞ #"≥∂^Œ∞ KÕã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. O GAIS `À áÈe¿ãÎ Wk ZO`À "≥∞~°∞ÔQ·#k. GAIS Ö’ 2 ÅHõ∆Å c=∂ JOkOKÕ"å~°∞. K«O„^Œ#fl c=∂Ö’ „Ѩ=∂^Œ =∞~°}ÏxH˜ 5 ÅHõ∆Å∞, áêH˜∆Hõ/âßâ◊fi`« JOQÆ"≥·HõÖϺxH˜ 3.62 ÅHõ∆Å∞, ã¨Ç¨Ï[ =∞~°}ÏxH˜ 0.03 ÅHõ∆Å∞ JOk™êÎ~°∞. nx`À áê@∞ q^•º~°∞÷ʼnõΩ ™ê¯Å~ü+≤Ñπ ‰õÄ_® JOk™êÎ~°∞. Blue Revolution

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nx „H˜O^Œ J=™ê÷Ѩ<å ™ê=∂lHõ Pã¨∞ÎÅ x~å‡} HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂Å∞ KÕѨ_»∞`«∞<åfl~°∞. L^•: SC, STʼnõΩ 100 ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡Ö’ ~˘Ü«∞ºÅ K≥~°∞=Ù x~å‡}O, H˘™êÎ f~° „QÍ=∂ÅÖ’ KÕѨÅ∞ ZO_»Éˇ>Ëì á¶ê¡\òá¶ê"£∞Å∞ "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q. D =∞^茺HÍÅOÖ’ =∞`«ûºâßY KÕѨ\ ˜ì# H˘xfl K«~°ºÅ∞ ♦ 2016 #=O|~üÖ’ =∞`«ûºâßY#∞ ѨÙ#~ü xi‡OK≥#∞. ♦ PHÍfi ÖËÉ’ˆ~@sÅ∞ Jaè=$kú KÕã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. ♦ ~å„ëêìxfl PHÍfiǨÏÉòQÍ =∂ˆ~ÛO^Œ∞‰õΩ \Ïãπ¯á¶È~üû Hõq∞\©x xÜ«∞q∞OK≥#∞. ♦ <≥Å∂¡~∞° lÖÏ¡ A=fiÅk<≥fl, „ѨHÍâ◊O lÖÏ¡ F_»~ ˆ =Ù, `«∂~°∞ÊQÀ^•=i lÖÏ¡ LáêÊ_»ÅÖ’ Ѷ+≤ O≤ Q∑ Ǩ~°ƒ~üÅ U~åÊ@∞ÅH˜ ã¨=∞„QÆ x"ÕkHõ `«Ü«∂~°∞ KÕã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. QÆ∞O@∂~°∞ lÖÏ¡ x*ÏOѨ@flO, Hõ$ëê‚ lÖÏ¡ =∞zbѨ@flOÖ’ Ô~O_»= ^Œâ◊ Jaè=$kúH˜ 5 HÀ@∞¡ q_»∞^ŒÅ KÕÃã#∞. =∞`«ûºHÍ~°∞Å ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~° ã¨OѶ¨∂Å x~°fiǨÏ} O =∞`«ûº~°OQÆOÖ’ =∞`«ûºHÍ~°∞Å∞ `«=∞ =º=Ǩ~åÅ∞ `å=Ú x~°fiÇ≤ÏOK«∞H˘#∞@ ^•fi~å ™êkèHÍi`«#∞ ™êkèOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~° ã¨OѶ¨∂Å U~åÊ@∞#∞ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO „áÈ`«ûÇ≤Ïã¨∞Î#flk. D ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~° ã¨OѶ¨∂Å∞ K≥~°∞=ÙÅ#∞ b*ò‰õΩ W™êÎ~°∞. KÕѨŠÑ≤Å¡Å xÅfi, ^•}Ï, Ѩ_»=Å H˘~°‰õΩ ã¨aû_ôÃÑ· Pi÷Hõ ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~åxfl JOk™êÎ~°∞. O ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ "≥Ú`«ÎO 2,328 =∞`«ûºHÍ~° ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~° ã¨OѶ¨∂Å∞ L#flq. WO^Œ∞Ö’ W<£ÖϺO_£ =∞`«ûºHÍ~° ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~° ã¨OѶ¨∂Å∞ 1395, "≥Ú`«ÎO ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ∞ 2,61,000, HÍQÍ 1,34,000 =∞Ok HõÅ~°∞. J_»=ÙÅ∞ O J_»=ÙÅ∞ =∞# r=# Ѩ~åº=~°}ÏxH˜ K≥Ok# QÍe, h\˜ <å}º`«ÃÑ· „ѨÉèÏ"åxfl K«∂ѨÙ`å~Ú. ™êO„^Œ`«`À ‰õÄ_ç# J_»=ÙÅ =Å¡ J<ÕHõ „ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ∞ L<åfl~Ú. HõÅѨ, "≥^Œ∞~°∞, =O@ K≥~°∞‰õΩ, Ѩâ◊„QÍã¨=Ú, HõÅѨ W`«~° J@g L`«Ê`«∞ÎÅ∞ "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞ Ѩi=∂}Ï`«‡HõOQÍ QÆ∞iÎOK«^ŒQÆæ „Ñ¨Ü≥∂[<åÅ∞ (Tangible Benefits) LO\Ï~Ú. Ѩ~åº=~°} ã¨=∞`Òź=Ú, Éèí∂™ê~åxfl, `Õ=∞#∞ Ѩi~°H˜∆OK«∞@, h\˜ „Ѩ"åǨxfl „Hõ=∞|núHõiOK«∞@, HÍ~°ƒ<£ _≥· PÔH· û_£#∞ ã‘fiHõiOK«∞@ "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞ Ѩi}Ï`«‡HõOQÍ H˘Å=_®xH˜ gÅ∞HÍx „ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ∞ (Intangible Benefits) LO\Ï~Ú. D „ѨÜ≥∂[#O KåÖÏ =ÚYº"≥∞ÿ#k. O J@g ~°OQÆ Jaè=$kú =ӺǨÏO Ü≥ÚHõ¯ H©ÅHõ ÅHõ∆ ºO r=<Àáêkè J=HÍâßÅ`À J#∞ã¨O^è•#O KÕã¨∂ΠѨK«Û^Œ<åxfl ÃÑOK«∞@. O J@g iHÍ~°∞¤Å „ѨHÍ~°O 36,909.38 K«.H˜.g∞. qã‘Î~°‚O`À (23.04%) ^Õâ◊OÖ’ 9= ™ê÷#OÖ’ LOk. O "≥Ú`«ÎO 36,909 K«.H˜.g∞. qã‘Î~°‚OÖ’ qq^èŒ ~°HÍÅ J_»=ÙÅ qã‘Î~°‚O D q^èŒOQÍ LOk Very Dense Forest (Z‰õΩ¯= ™êO„^Œ`«`À ‰õÄ_ç# J_»=ÙÅ∞) – 650.76 K«.H˜.g∞ Moderate Dense Forest (q∞`«"≥∞ÿ# ™êO„^Œ`« J_»=ÙÅ qã‘Î~°‚O) –11798.58 K«.H˜.g∞ Open Forest (|Ç≤Ï~°OQÆ J_»=ÙÅ∞) –10961.70 K«.H˜.g∞ Scrub Forest (z@ì_»=ÙÅ∞) – 9310.37 K«.H˜.g∞ Non Forest (J@qÜÕ∞`«~° „áêO`«O) – 3815.84 K«.H˜.g∞ Water Bodies ([ÖÏâ◊Ü«∂Å∞) – 372.13 K«.H˜.g∞ O ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ JkèHõ ™êO„^Œ`«`À ‰õÄ_ç# J_»=ÙÅ qã‘Î~°‚O 650 K«.H˜.g∞. O

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Protection of Migratory Birds

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AP State Biodiversity Board

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|Ü≥∂ÖÏlHõÖò _≥·=sû\© K«@ìO 2002 „H˜Ok 2006Ö’ nxx U~åÊ@∞ KÕÃã#∞. r="≥·q^蕺xfl ã¨O~°H˜∆OK«∞@, ã¨∞ã≤÷~°OQÍ qxÜ≥∂yOK«∞@, r="≥·q^茺 =#~°∞Å#∞ JO^ŒiH© ã¨=∂#OQÍ Ñ¨OÑ≤}© [iˆQ@@∞ì K«∂K«∞@ nx ÅHõ∆ ºO.

Biodiversity Management Committee(BMC)

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Biological Heritage Sites

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Biodiversity Park

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Dolphin Conservation Society

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"≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ Ex-situ Biodiversity Park. APFDC (Andhra Pradesh Forest Development Corporation)

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ÃãsHõÅÛ~ü qÉèÏQÆO"å~°∞ D ~°OQÆOÖ’ J=™ê÷Ѩ<å ã¨^Œ∞áêÜ«∂Å HõÅÊ#‰õΩ, P^èŒ∞xHõ ™êOˆHuHõ`«‰õΩ CDP x J=∞Å∞ Ѩ~∞° ã¨∞<Î åfl~°∞. ÃãO„@Öò ã≤Öò¯ É’~°∞¤ (Central Silk Board), ~å„+¨ì „ѨÉ∞íè `«fi Pi÷Hõ ã¨Ç¨ Ü«∞O`À CDP x J=∞Å∞Ѩ~∞° ã¨∞#Î flk. O ɡ·"Àeì<£ Ѩ@∞ìQÆ∂_»∞Å =∂Ô~¯\˜OQ∑#∞ ÃÑOK«∞@ JO`«~å˚fÜ«∞ 2Z, JO`«‰õΩ q∞Oz# ™ê÷~Ú „ˆQ_£, =Ú_çѨ@∞ì#∞ L`«ÊuÎ KÕÜ«Ú@ nxÖ’ ÉèÏQÆ"Õ∞. O ÉèÏ~°`« „ѨÉèí∞`«fi >ˇH±û>ˇÿÖò =∞O„u`«fi âßY 2015–16 #∞O_ç CDP x xeÑ≤"ÕÃã#∞. O ˆHO„^Œ ã≤Öò¯ É’~°∞¤ ѨÙ#i‡OK«|_»¤ ˆHO„^Œ Ѩ^äŒHõOQÍ Pi÷Hõ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∂xfl JOkã¨∞Î#flk. O ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ 8 lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ 13 Hõ¡ã¨ì~°¡#∞ U~åÊ@∞KÕã≤ ɡ·"Àeì<£ ÃÇ·Ï„a_£ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂xfl „áÈ`«ûÇ≤Ïã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. 100% Chawkie Worms (=O^Œ âß`« O KåH© Ѩ Ù ~° ∞ QÆ ∞ Š㨠~ ° Ñ ¶ ¨ ~ å) O ɡ·"Àeì<£ ѨO@ q[Ü«∞O J<Õk Ô~·`«∞ʼnõΩ BVH KÒH© ѨÙ~°∞QÆ∞Å ã¨Ñ¨¡~ÚÃÑ· P^è•~°Ñ¨_ç LO@∞Ok. 47 „ѨÉèí∞`«fi q`«Î# ˆH∆„`åÅÖ’ KåH© ѨÙ~°∞QÆ∞Å ã¨~°Ñ¶¨~å [~°∞QÆ∞`ÀOk. O 2016–17Ö’ L#fl KåH©© ˆ~iOQ∑ ÃãO@~°¡`À áê@∞ J#O`«Ñ¨Ù~åxH˜ Ô~O_»∞, z`«∂Î~°∞H˜ =¸_»∞ KåH©© ˆ~iOQ∑ ÃãO@~°¡#∞ =∞OE~°∞ KÕÃã#∞. O 2016–17Ö’ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi „ÃÑ·"Õ\ò ~°OQÍÅÖ’ 100% KåH©© ѨÙ~°∞QÆ∞Å#∞ ã¨~°Ñ¶¨~å KÕÃã#∞. O

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Ô~O_»= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ „áê~°OÉèí"≥∞ÿ# 7 <≥ÅÅ `«~°∞"å`« ã¨=∞„QÆ PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò ~å¢+¨ìO 1956 #=O|~ü 1# U~°Ê_çOk. J~Ú#ѨÊ\˜H© Ô~O_»= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ ã¨=∞„QÆ PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò ~å¢ëêìxH˜ ˆH\Ï~ÚOK«|_ç#q. PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò J=∞Å∞ KÕã≤# "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ „Ѩ}ÏoHõ Ô~O_»= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ (2nd Plan). „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ 179.85 HÀ@∞¡. "åã¨Î=OQÍ [iy# =ºÜ«∞O 188.60 HÀ@∞¡. „Ѩ}ÏoHõʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz „Ѩ^è•#OQÍ „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ#∞ qq^èŒ ~°OQÍÅÃÑ· KÕ™êÎ~°∞. 1. h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ 5. Ѩi„â◊=∞Å∞, QÆ#∞Å∞ 2. =º=™êÜ«∞O 6. ~°"å}Ï, Hõ=¸ºxˆH+¨#∞¡ 3. „QÍq∞}Ïaè=$kú 7. ™ê=∂lHõ Hõ=¸ºx\© ¿ã=Å∞ 4. q^Œ∞º`ü ~°OQÆO 8. W`«~° ¿ã=Å∞ ~å¢+¨ì „Ѩ}ÏoHõʼnõΩ J=ã¨~°"≥∞ÿ# x^èŒ∞Å∞ ~å¢+¨ì „ѨÉèí∞`«fi ™⁄O`« =#~°∞Å ^•fi~å, ˆHO„^Œ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O ^•fi~å, |∞∞}ÏÅ ^•fi~å ã¨=∞‰õÄ~°∞Û‰õΩO\Ï~Ú. ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ (~°∂.HÀ@¡Ö’) âß`«O(%) "åã¨Î= Y~°∞Û(~°∂.HÀ@¡Ö’) Y~°∞Û(%) h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ 60.59 33.68 65.54 34.75 q^Œ∞º`ü ~°OQÆO 25.87 14.38 38.53 20.42 ™ê=∂lHõ ~°OQÆO, ¿ã=Å∞ 34.13 18.97 33.17 17.87 „QÍg∞}Ïaè=$kú 17.70 9.87 16.32 8.65 =º=™êÜ«∂aè=$kú 19.64 10.92 12.94 6.86 Ѩi„â◊=∞Å∞   QÆ#∞Å∞ 11.71 6.51 10.15 5.38 ~°"å}Ï ã¨=∂Kå~°O 7.10 3.94 9.52 5.04 W`«~=° ÚÅ∞ 2.75 1.52 1.89 1.02 "≥Ú`«OÎ 179.85 100% 188.6 100% Ô~O_»= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ ˆHO„^Œ „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O 92 HÀ@∞¡. Wk ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÖ’¡ 51% QÍ#∂, "åã¨Î= =ºÜ«∞OÖ’ 49 âß`«OQÍ#∂ LOk. ~°OQÍÅ"åsQÍ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ Ѩije¿ãΆ JkèHõ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ á⁄Ok# ~°OQÆO : h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ (33.68%), Ô~O_»=k: ™ê=∂lHõ, Hõ=¸ºx\© ¿ã=Å∞ =º=™êÜ«∞ ~°OQÆOÃÑ· ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ 10%, Ѩi„â◊=∞Å∞, QÆ#∞ÅÃÑ· 6.5% x^èŒ∞Å∞ ˆH\Ï~ÚOK≥#∞. "åã¨Î= =ºÜ«∂xfl Ѩije¿ãÎ : J`«ºkèHõ =ºÜ«∞O: h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ (34.75%) Ô~O_»=k: q^Œ∞º`ü ~°OQÆO(20.42%) <À\ò: `≥Å∞QÆ∞ JHÍ_»g∞Ö’ qq^èŒ ~°OQÍÅ =ºÜ«∂Å#∞ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞QÍ K«∂ÃÑ#∞. nx „ѨHÍ~°O h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅÃÑ· 36.44 âß`«O J`«ºkèHõOQÍ, kfifÜ«∞ „áê^è•#ºOÖ’ q^Œ∞º`ü ~°OQÆOÃÑ· 21.42%, ™ê=∂lHõ Hõ=¸ºx\© ¿ã=ÅÃÑ· 18.74%, „QÍg∞}Ïaè=$kúÃÑ· 9.07% x^èŒ∞Å∞ ˆH\Ï~ÚOK≥#∞. h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ‰õΩ J`«ºkèHõ „áê^è•#º`«xK«∞Û@ ^•fi~å ÉèÏs, =∞^茺`«~°Ç¨ h\˜ „áê*ˇH±ìÅ ^•fi~å 1.810 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡ Éèí∂q∞H˜   z#fl`«~°Ç¨ h\˜ =#~°∞Å ^•fi~å 0.162 ÅIIÃÇÏHÍì~°¡‰õΩ, "≥Ú`«ÎO g∞^Œ 1.972 ÅIIÃÇÏII Éèí∂q∞H˜ h\˜ =ã¨ux HõeÊOK«_»O [iyOk. D „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ HÍÅOÖ’ ѨѨC^è•<åºÅ L`«ÊuÎÖ’ =∞Oz =$kúx Hõ#|iz ^Õâ◊O "≥Ú`«ÎO ѨѨC^è•<åºÅ L`«ÊuÎÖ’ ^•^•Ñ¨Ù

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10% ~å¢+¨ìO JOkOzOk. Ѩâ◊√ ã¨OѨ^Œ QÆ}hÜ«∞OQÍ =$kú K≥Ok#k.q^Œ∞º`ü L`åÊ^Œ# ™ê=∞~°÷ºO ^•^•Ñ¨Ù Ô~\˜ìOѨ٠J~ÚOk. áêi„âßq∞Hõ ã¨Oã¨Å÷ ã¨OYº, HÍi‡‰õΩÅ ã¨OYº Z‰õΩ¯= ~ˆ @∞Ö’ =$kú K≥O^≥#∞. z#fl`«~Ç° ¨ Ѩi„â◊=∞Å∞ Z‰õΩ¯= ã¨OYºÖ’ <≥ÅH˘ÅÊ|_®¤~Ú. q^Œº, "≥^· ºŒ ~°OQÍÅÖ’ Jaè=$kú ‰õÄ_® TѨO^Œ∞H˘Ok. JO^Œ∞KÕ ~Ô O_»= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ q[Ü«∞=O`«"∞≥ #ÿ „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ HÍÅOQÍ #"≥∂^Œ~ÚOk. („Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ÅHõ∆ ºO 4.5% HÍQÍ ™êkèOz#k 4.21%). Ô~O_»= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ PǨ~°^è•<åºÅ L`«ÊuÎ 62.55ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flʼnõΩ ÃÑiyOk. 1956Ö’ A.P. State Finance Corporation #∞ ™ê÷Ñ≤OKå~°∞. 1960Ö’ A.P.I.D.C. (A.P. Industrial Development Corporation) ™ê÷ÑO≤ Kå~°∞. ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ Yx[ ã¨OѨ^Œ Jaè=$kúH˜ 1961Ö’ State Mining Corporation #∞ D „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ „áê~°OaèOKå~°∞. =∂KüYO_£ [Åq^Œ∞º`ü „áê*ˇH±ì x~å‡}O D „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ HÍÅOÖ’<Õ Ñ¨Ó~°Î~ÚOk. ^Õâ"◊ åºÑ¨OÎ QÍ 7 lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ „áê~°OaèOz# IADP (Intensive Agricultural District Programme lÖÏ¡ ™êO„^Œ =º=™êÜ«∞ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∞O)#∞ =∞# ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ ‰õÄ_® 1960–61Ö’ J=∞Å∞ KÕâß~°∞. (ѨtÛ=∞ QÀ^•=i lÖÏ¡Ö’) A.P. State Warehousing Corporation #∞ 2nd Plan Ö’<Õ U~åÊ@∞ KÕâß~°∞ (1958Ö’). Ô~O_»= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ Ö’ `«∞OQÆÉèí„^Œ [Åq^Œ∞º`ü, ~å=∞QÆ∞O_»O ^äŒ~°‡Öò q^Œ∞º`ü „áê*ˇH±ìÅ x~å‡}O „áê~°OÉèíO. D „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ HÍÅOÖ’ ˆHO„^ŒO ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ ™ê÷Ñ≤Oz# áêi„âßq∞Hõ Ü«¸x@∞¡. ♦ 1958– ÃÇÏ· „^•ÉÏ^£Ö’ National Mineral Development Corporation (NMDC) ♦ 1959– ~°Hõ∆} J=ã¨~åÅÔH· ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£Ö’ PRAGA Tools ♦ 1960– qâßYÖ’ Hindustan Zinc Ltd. ♦ 1960– ÃÇÏ· „^•ÉÏ^£Ö’ National Building Construction Corporation.

3= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ (1961–66) O O O O

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

ã¨=∞„QÆ PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò ~å¢ëêìxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz ѨÓiÎ ™ê÷~ÚÖ’ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ [iy# "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ „Ѩ}ÏoHõ Wk. ã¨=∞„QÆ PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò ~å¢ëêìxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz qã¨Î $`« ѨikèÖ’ ~å¢+¨ì Pi÷HÍaè=$kú „Ѩ„H˜Ü«∞ "ÕQÆ=O`«=∞ÜÕ∞º kâ◊Ö’ =¸_»= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ J=∞Å∞ KÕÜ«∞_»O [iyOk. nxÖ’ „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ 326 HÀ@∞¡. "åã¨Î= =ºÜ«∞O 352.42 HÀ@∞¡. ˆHO„^ŒO ~å¢ëêìxHõOkOz# „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O 220 HÀ@∞¡ (63%). J`«ºkèHõ ˆHO„^Œ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O D „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’<Õ ÅaèOz#k. Hˆ \Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ =ºÜ«∞O h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ 32.6% 35.32% q^Œ∞º`ü 24.35% 26.56% ™ê=∂lHõ Hõ=¸ºx\© ¿ã=Å∞ 16.2% 15.18% 8.3% 7.39% „QÍg∞}Ïaè=$kú =º=™êÜ«∞O–J#∞|O^èŒ ~°OQÍÅ∞ 8.27% 6.35% ~°"å}Ï, ã¨=∂Kå~°O 4.51% 4.82% Ѩi„â◊=∞Å∞, QÆ#∞Å∞ 5.71% 4.31% W`«~°=ÚÅ∞ 0.06% 0.07%

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103

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3= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÖ’¡#∂, =ºÜ«∞OÖ’#∂ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ ™ê÷#O h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ^Õ. "åã¨Î= =ºÜ«∂xfl Ѩije¿ãÎ † "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ ™ê÷#O h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ (35.32%) Ô~O_»= ™ê÷#O q^Œ∞º`ü ~°OQÆO (26.56%) =¸_»= ™ê÷#O ™ê=∂lHõ, Hõ=¸ºx\© ¿ã=Å∞ (15.18%) Ô~O_»= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ =Öˇ =¸_»= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ ‰õÄ_® h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ‰õΩ JkèHõ „áê^è•#º`« W=fi_»O =Å¡† ÉèÏs   =∞^茺`«~°Ç¨ h\˜ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ ^•fi~å 3.68 ÅII ÃÇÏII Éèí∂q∞H˜, z#fl`«~°Ç¨ h\˜ =#~°∞Å ^•fi~å 0.162 ÅIIÃÇÏII Éèí∂q∞H˜, "≥Ú`«ÎO g∞^Œ 4.178 ÅIIÃÇÏII Éèí∂q∞H˜ h\˜=ã¨u HõeÊOKå~°∞. ã¨O`«∞e`« „áêOfÜ«∂aè=$kúH˜ JkèHõ „áê^è•#º`« W=fi_»O`À qq^èŒ ~å„ëêìÅ∞ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ Ѩ^äŒHÍÅ∞ ~°∂á⁄OkOK«∞HÀ=_®xH˜ =#~°∞Å ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨ٠[iyOk. D „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ HÍÅOÖ’ ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ Jxfl „áêO`åÅ P=â◊ºHõ`«#∞ QÆ∞iÎOz ™êQÆ∞h\˜ =ã¨u HõÅÊ#‰õΩ, q^Œ∞º`ü L`åÊ^Œ#‰õΩ, ™êOѶ≤∞Hõ, Hõ=¸ºx\© ã¨sfiã¨∞ʼnõΩ JkèHõ „áê^è•#ºO WKåÛ~°∞. D „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ J=∞Å∞ HÍÅOÖ’ Z<Àfl J_»¤O‰õΩÅ∞ Z^Œ∞~°∞HÍ=_»O`À PtOz# "Õ∞~°‰õΩ ÅH∆ͺÅ∞ ™êkèOK«ÖËHõáÈ=_»O [iyOk. IADPx qã¨i Î Oz 1965Ö’ IAAP (Intensive Agriculture Area Programme)QÍ ^ÕâO◊ Ö’ 114 lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ „Ѩ"âÕ Ã◊ Ñ>ˇ#ì ∞. A.P.Ö’ nxfl 117 ÉÏ¡‰õΩÅÖ’ „Ѩ"Õâ◊ÃÑ>ˇì#∞. IADP x ѨtÛ=∞ QÀ^•=i lÖÏ¡Ö’ „ѨÜ≥∂QÍ`«‡HõOQÍ J=∞Å∞ [iÑ≤#ѨÊ\˜H© IAAP x `«∂.QÀ^•=i, Hõ$ëê‚, QÆ∞O@∂~°∞, =~°OQÆÖò, HõsO#QÆ~ü, =∞ǨÏ|∂Éò#QÆ~ü lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ qã¨ÎiOK≥#∞. 1964Ö’ ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£Ö’ =º=™êÜ«∞ qâ◊fi q^•ºÅÜ«∞O#∞ ™ê÷Ñ≤OK≥#∞. 1964Ö’ ~å[=∞O„_çÖ’ PO„^è• ¿ÑѨ~ü q∞Öò x~å‡}O ѨÓ~°Î~Ú#k. HÀà◊¡ á¶ê~°OÅ#∞ Jaè=$kú ѨiKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ Ѩ\Ï<£K≥~°∞, ã¨~°∂~ü#QÆ~üÅÖ’ ᜢbì á¶ê~°OÅ#∞ Jaè=$kú KÕÃã#∞. `«∞OQÆÉèí„^Œ [Åq^Œ∞º`ü, ~å=∞QÆ∞O_»O ^äŒ~°‡Öò ¿ãì+¨#∞¡ ѨÓiÎ KÕÜ«∞|_®¤~Ú. x~å‡} ~°OQÍxH˜ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞Ѩ_ÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ Z„~°QÆ∞O@¡ (Hõ_»Ñ¨)Ö’ Cement Factory Ü«¸x\ò#∞ „áê~°OaèOKå~°∞. HÍ=e (<≥Å∂¡~°∞) =^ŒÌ ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ Q˘„Ô~Å á¶ê~°O#∞ ™ê÷Ñ≤OKå~°∞. D „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ ™ê÷Ñ≤OK«|_»¤ ˆHO„^Œ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi ã¨Oã¨÷Å∞ : ♦ Indian Drugs and Pharmaceuticals Ltd (IDPL) - Hyd, 1961 ♦ Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd (BHEL) - Hyd, 1963. ♦ Cement Corporation of India (Ô~O_»∞

Ü«¸x@∞¡) – Z„~°QÆ∞O@¡ (Hõ_»Ñ¨) =∞iÜ«Ú PkÖÏÉÏ^£ =^ŒÌ 1963.

♦ Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd (HAL) - Hyd, 1965. ♦ Modern Food Industries India Ltd - Hyd, 1965 (MFIILtd) ♦ Bharat Heavy Plates and Vessels Ltd (BHPV), - qâßY 1966.

O

Jaè=$kú ÅHõ∆ ºO 5.6% HÍQÍ, "åã¨Î=OQÍ ™êkèOz# =$kúˆ~@∞ 2.72%QÍ #"≥∂^≥·Ok. =¸_»= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ K≥·<å (1962), áêH˜™ê÷<£ (1965)Å`À Ü«Ú^ŒúO, f„= Hõ~°∞=Ù ã¨OÉèíqOK«_»O`À x^èŒ∞Å∞ ~°Hõ∆}‰õΩ =∞~°eOK«_»O =Å¡ „Ѩ}ÏoHõ#∞ J#∞‰õΩ#fl kâ◊Ö’ J=∞Å∞ KÕÜ«∞ÖËHõáÈÜ≥∞#∞.

"åi¬Hõ „Ѩ}ÏoHõÅ∞ (1966–69)

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1966Ö’ ^Õâ◊O Pi÷HõOQÍ ã¨OH∆ÀÉèíOÖ’ LO_»@O =Å#, ~å[H©Ü«∞OQÍ Ô~O_»∞ Ü«Ú^•úÅ#∞ Z^Œ∞~À¯=_»O =Å¡ "≥O@<Õ <åÅæ= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ#∞ J=∞Å∞KÕ¿ã Ѩiã≤÷u ÖËHõáÈ=_»O`À 3 ã¨OIIÅ∞ JkèHÍiHõ ÃãÅ=Ù „ѨHõ\ ˜OKå~°∞. 1966–69 JkèHÍiHõ „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ q~å=∞O. ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ 225 HÀ@∞¡ HÍQÍ "åã¨Î= =ºÜ«∞O 233 HÀ@∞¡QÍ LOk. ˆHO„^Œ „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O: 69% (163 HÀ@∞¡)

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104

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D HÍÅOÖ’ J#O`«Ñ¨Ù~°OÖ’ Éèí∂™ê~° Ѩi~°Hõ∆} ˆHO„^ŒO#∞, Oil Research Centre #∞ U~åÊ@∞ KÕÃã#∞. O QÆ#fl=~°OÖ’ ɡHõ<£ á¶êºHõìs (ѨO^Œ∞ŠѨi„â◊=∞)#∞ „áê~°OaèOK≥#∞. J_»=ÙÅ∞: PkÖÏÉÏ^£ lÖÏ¡ x~°‡Öò „áêO`« J_»=ÙÅ Jaè=$kúH˜ H˘O`« Hõ$+≤ [iyOk. áê_çÑi¨ „â◊=∞: ♦ QÆ∞_»¡=ÖË¡~°∞ (Hõ$ëê‚) áêÅ j`«Å ˆHO„^ŒO „áê~°OaèOK«|_ç#k. ♦ ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£Ö’x "≥@~°fls |Ü≥∂ÖÏlHõÖò sÃãiÛ W<£ã≤ì@∂º\ò#∞ „áê~°OaèOK≥#∞. =∞`«ûº Ѩi„â◊=∞: ♦ <åQÍ~°∞˚#™êQÆ~ü, <≥Å∂¡~°∞ÅÖ’ x~å‡}OÖ’ L#fl j`«Å =∞`«ûº ˆHO„^•Å∞ ^•^•Ñ¨Ù ѨÓ~°Î~Ú#q. h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ: ♦ Nâ‹·ÅO [Åq^Œ∞º`ü „áê*ˇH±ì x~å‡}O „áê~°OÉèíO (1968). q^•º~°OQÆO: ♦ QÆ∞O@∂~°∞Ö’ =∞Ç≤ÏàÏ áêe>ˇH˜flH± HõàÏâßÅ „áê~°OÉèíO. ♦ =~°OQÆÖò, QÆ∞O@∂~°∞, J#O`«Ñ¨Ù~°OÖ’ Ñ≤.l. ÃãO@~°∞¡ „áê~°OÉèíO. P~ÀQƺO: ♦ Hõ$ëê‚lÖÏ¡ QÆ#fl=~°OÖ’ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ @∂ºÉˇHõìg∞ HͺOÑπ x~°fiÇ≤ÏOK«|_≥#∞. ♦ ÃÇ·Ï„^•ÉÏ^£Ö’x HÀiîÖ’ HõO\˜ Pã¨∞Ѩ„u <≥ÅH˘ÖˇÊ#∞. ♦ qâßYÖ’ ~å}© K«O„^Œ=∞}©^Õq Pã¨∞Ѩ„u x~å‡}Ïxfl „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO KÕѨ>ˇì#∞. O q[Ü«∞"å_», qâßYÅÖ’ „áêOfÜ«∞ "≥∞ÿxOQ∑ HÍ~˘Êˆ~+¨<£Å U~åÊ@∞. O QÆ∂_»∂~°∞ (<≥Å∂¡~°∞)Ö’ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi QÍA Ñ≤OQÍ}˜ (ã≤~åq∞H±) á¶êºHõìs ™ê÷Ñ≤OK≥#∞. O D HÍÅOÖ’ ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ ™ê÷Ñ≤Oz# ˆHO„^Œ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi~°OQÆ ã¨Oã¨÷Å∞: O

♦ ECIL - Hyd, 1967 ♦ HMT - Hyd, 1967 ♦ Rural Electrification Corporation (REC) - Hyd, 1969

4= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ (1969–74) O

^Õâ◊ Pi÷Hõ =º=ã¨÷Ö’ uiy ™ê^è•~°} Ѩiã≤÷`«∞Å∞ <≥ÅH˘#_»O`À 1969 #∞O_ç <åÅæ= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ#∞ ~°∂á⁄OkOz J=∞Å∞KÕÃã#∞. O „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ 452 HÀ@∞¡, "åã¨Î= =ºÜ«∞O 448.87 HÀ@∞¡. O ˆHO„^ŒO ~å¢ëêìxHõOkOz# „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O 230 HÀ@∞¡ (51%) Note: 4,9,10 „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’¡ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ HõO>Ë =ºÜ«∞O `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ [iyOk. O <åÅæ= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÖ’¡#∂, =ºÜ«∞OÖ’#∞ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ ™ê÷#O q^Œ∞º`ü ~°OQÆO.(42.46%) Ô~O_À ™ê÷#O h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ.(27.84%) ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞(%) =ºÜ«∞O (%) 1. q^Œ∞º`ü ~°OQÆO 41% 42.46% 2. h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ 30% 27.84% 13% 12.46% 3. ™ê=∂lHõ Hõ=¸ºx\© ¿ã=Å∞ 4. „QÍg∞}Ïaè=$kú 1.7% 1.50% Note: 2,3 „Ѩ}ÏoHõÅÖ’ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ‰õΩ JkèHõ „áê^è•#ºq∞=fiQÍ <åÅæ= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ q^Œ∞º`ü‰õΩ JkèHõ (42.46%) „áê^è•#ºq∞K≥Û#∞. 2=, 3= „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ HÍÅOÖÏ H͉õΩO_® 4= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ ~°OQÍxH˜ kfifÜ«∞ „áê^è•#ºO W=fi_»O =Å¡ ÉèÏs, =∞^躌 `«~Ç° ¨ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ ^•fi~å 1.90 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡ Éèí∂q∞x, z#fl`«~°Ç¨ h\˜ =#~°∞Å ^•fi~å 0.630 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡ Éèí∂q∞x

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"≥Ú`«ÎOg∞^Œ 2.53 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡ Éèí∂q∞H˜ h\˜ =ã¨`«∞Å HõÅÊ# HõeÊOK«_»O [iyOk. O J##∞‰õÄÅ "å`å=~°} Ѩiã≤÷`«∞Å =Å¡ PǨ~°^è•<åºÅ L`«ÊuÎ ÅH∆ͺxfl KÕ~°∞HÀÖË^Œ∞. ÃÑ@∞ì|_»∞Å H˘~°`«: =¸_»= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ 352 HÀ@∞¡ =ºÜ«∞O [iyOk. <åÅæ= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ ÃÑiy# ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ ã¨fiÅÊO. ^Õâ◊OÖ’ W`«~° ~å¢ëêìʼnõΩ 50% x^èŒ∞Å∞ ÃÑ~°QÆQÍ, =∞# ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ 19 âß`«"Õ∞ ÃÑiyOk. ˆHO„^Œ „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O: =¸_»∞ "åi¬Hõ „Ѩ}ÏoHõÅ HÍÅOÖ’ ˆHO„^ŒO ~å¢ëêìxH˜ 69% „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∂xfl JOkOK≥#∞. HÍh <åÅæ= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ D ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O 51%H˜ `«yæáÈ~ÚOk. <åÅæ= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ"≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ 4 ã¨OIIÅÖ’ |∞∞`«∞Ѩ=<åÅ∞ ã¨Ç¨ÏHõiOK«ÖË^Œ∞. "≥#∞Hõ|_ç# „áêO`åÅ∞: ~å¢+ì¨ „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ =ºÜ«∞OÖ’ 10% "≥#∞Hõ|_ç# „áêO`åÅ Jaè=$kúH˜ Hˆ \Ï~ÚOKåÅx ¿Ñ~˘¯<≥#∞. g\˜x `≥ÅOQÍ}, ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞, HÀ™êÎÅ =∞^茺 5:3:2 ^•=∂ëê x+¨ÊuÎÖ’ Y~°∞Û KÕÜ«∂Åx ¿Ñ~˘¯<≥#∞. `≥ÅOQÍ} q"å^•ã¨Ê^Œ x^èŒ∞Å∞: `≥ÅOQÍ} „áêO`« „Ѩ`ÕºHõ x^èŒ∞Ö’¡ Y~°∞Û H͉õΩO_® 28 HÀ@∞¡ q∞yÖÏÜ«∞x ÉèÏ~°æ= Hõq∞\© JOK«<å "ÕÃã#∞. nxH˜ ˆHO„^ŒO =∞~À 17 HÀ@∞¡ KÕiÛ 45 HÀ@¡`À 4= „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ HÍÅOÖ’ ã¨OII#‰õΩ 9 HÀ@∞¡ K˘Ñ¨C# `≥ÅOQÍ}‰õΩ „Ѩ`ÕºHõOQÍ ˆH\Ï~ÚOK≥#∞. D x^èŒ∞Å∞ `≥ÅOQÍ} „áêOfÜ«∞ Hõq∞\© Ѩ~°º"ÕHõ∆}Ö’ Y~°∞Û KÕÜ«∞_»O [iyOk. lÖÏ¡, ~å¢+¨ì Jaè=$kú É’~°∞¤Å∞: 1967Ö’ lÖÏ¡ HõÖˇHõì~°¡ ã¨=∂"Õâ◊OÖ’ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ lÖÏ¡ Jaè=$kú É’~ü¤Å∞, ~å¢+¨ì ™ê÷~ÚÖ’ ~å¢+¨ì Jaè=$kú É’~ü¤ U~åÊ@∞ KÕÜ«∂Åx ã¨∂zOK«_»O [iyOk. nx J=∞Å∞ÔH· „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO G.O. *Ïs KÕÃã#∞. `≥ÅOQÍ} Jaè=$kúH˜ ˆHa<≥\ò ã¨ÉòHõq∞\©: `≥ÅOQÍ} ã¨=∞㨺 Ѩi+¨¯iOK«_®xH˜ „Ѩ^è•#=∞O„u '6 ã¨∂„`åÅ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∞O— #∞ J#∞ã¨iOz 1969Ö’ PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO =∞O„u=∞O_»e ™ê÷~ÚÖ’ L#fl`åkèHÍ~° Hõq∞\©x xÜ«∞q∞OzOk. `≥ÅOQÍ} „áêO`«OÖ’x Ѩ^äŒHÍÅ#∞ ~°∂á⁄OkOK«_»O, J=∞Å∞f~°∞#∞ ã¨g∞H˜∆ã¨∂Î LO_»@O nx „Ѩ^è•# ÉÏ^茺`«. ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞ Jaè=$kú É’~ü¤: 1969–70Ö’ ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞ Jaè=$kú É’~ü¤#∞ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO U~åÊ@∞ KÕã≤Ok. P „áêO`« „Ѩ*τѨux^èŒ∞Å#∞ JHõ¯_ç „Ñ¨}ÏoHÍ Ñ¨^äŒHÍÅÖ’ ÉèÏQÆ™êfi=ÚÅ#∞ KÕÜ«∞_»O nx L^ÕÌâ◊ºO. x^èŒ∞Å ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙ, J=∞Å∞ f~°∞#∞ ã¨g∞H˜∆OK«∞@ nx ÉÏ^躌 `«. ˆHO„^Œ „Ѩuáêk`« „Ѩ`ÕºHõ Ѩ^äŒHÍÅ∞: <åÅæ= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ „áêOfÜ«∞ Jã¨=∂#`«efl `«yæOK«∞@‰õΩ, ™êOѶ≤∞Hõ <åºÜ«∂xfl KÕ‰õÄ~°Û_®xH˜ ˆHO„^ŒO H˘xfl „Ѩ`ÕºHõ Ѩ^äŒHÍÅ#∞ „ѨuáêkOz#k. ♦ Drought Prone Area Programme (DPAP) ♦ SFDA, MFAL

Ѩi„â◊=∞Å∞ : ♦ `Àà◊¡ Ѩi„â◊=∞ Jaè=$kúH Ô · LIDCAP (Leather Industries Development Corporation of A.P.) #∞ 1973Ö’ „áê~°OaèOK≥#∞. ♦ 1973Ö’ APIIC (A.P. Industrial Infrastructure Corporation) ˆHO„^Œ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi ã¨Oã¨÷Å∞ : ♦ 1970 - Bharat Dynamics Ltd, (BDL) Hyd ♦ 1973 - Hindustan Cables Ltd, (HCL) Hyd

W`«~°=ÚÅ∞: ♦ *ÏfÜ«∞ ™ê÷~ÚÖ’ QÆsc ǨÏ~îå"À x<å^•xfl WOk~åQÍOnè WzÛOk. ♦ ~å[Éèí~°}ÏÅ ~°^Œ∞Ì, ÉϺO‰õΩÅ *Ïf~¸Hõ~°} =O\˜ K«~°ºÅ∞ fã¨∞H˘<≥#∞. ♦ 4th Plan Ö’<Õ JNTU ™ê÷Ñ≤OK«|_çOk (1972). Note: <åQÍ~°∞˚# ™êQÆ~ü WO[hiOQ∑ HÍÖË*ò 1965Ö’ ™ê÷Ñ≤OK«|_çOk. JNTU Ü«¸x=iû\©QÍ 1972Ö’ =∂iOk. O 1972Ö’ UNO J#∞|O^èŒ ã¨Oã¨÷ ã¨ÇϨ HÍ~°O`À ICRISAT (International Crop Research Institute on Semi Arid Tropics) ÃÇÏ· „^•ÉÏ^£Ö’ U~°Ê_çOk. O JkèHõ „^Œ"ÀºÅƒ}O, ã¨"≥∞ÿHõº ~å¢+¨ì qzÛùuÎH˜ Ô~O_»∞ "Õ~åÊ@∞"å^Œ L^Œº=∂Å∞ (*ˇ· PO„^èŒ, *ˇ· `≥ÅOQÍ}) D „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ HÍÅOÖ’

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5= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ (1974–79/78) O

XHõ ã¨O=`«û~°O =ÚO^Œ∞QÍ<Õ ~°^ŒÌ~Ú# „Ѩ}ÏoHõ 5= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ. O PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò ~å„ëêìxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz qã¨Î $`« ѨikèÖ’, ~å„+¨ì Pi÷HÍaè=$kú „Ѩ„H˜Ü«∞ "ÕQÆ=O`«O JÜÕ∞º kâ◊Ö’ 5= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ#∞ (1974–79) J=∞Å∞ KÕÜ«∞_»O [iyOk. O =#~°∞Å ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞: 1350 HÀ@∞¡ "åã¨Î= =ºÜ«∞O: 1444 HÀ@∞¡. O ˆHO„^Œ „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O: 35 âß`«O. qq^èŒ ~°OQÍÅ"åsQÍ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞: Hˆ \Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ =ºÜ«∞O 1. q^Œ∞º`ü ~°OQÆO 38% 37.18% 31% 31.58% 2. h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ 3. ™ê=∂lHõ Hõ=¸ºx\© ¿ã=Å∞ 13% 11.8% 4. ~°"å}Ï, ã¨=∂Kå~°O 8% 8.7% ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÖ’¡#∂, "åã¨Î= =ºÜ«∞OÖ’#∂ 1. q^Œ∞º`ü ~°OQÆO (37.18%) 2. h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ (31.58) ~°OQÍÅ∞ `˘e Ô~O_»∞ ™ê÷<åÖ’¡ HõÅ=Ù. O D „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ ~°OQÍxH˜ kfifÜ«∞ „áê^è•#º`« WK«∞Û@ ^•fi~å ÉèÏs, =∞^茺`«~°Ç¨ h\˜ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ∞ ^•fi~å 2.016 ÅIIÃÇÏIIÉè∂í q∞H˜. z#fl`«~°Ç¨ h\˜ =#~°∞Å ^•fi~å 0.917 ÅIIÃÇÏII Éèí∂q∞H˜† "≥Ú`«ÎO g∞^Œ 2.933 ÅIIÃÇÏII Éèí∂q∞H˜ h\˜=ã¨u HõeÊOK≥#∞. ^•i„^Œº x~°∂‡Å#, ã¨fiÜ«∞O ã¨=∞$kú ÅH∆ͺÅ∞QÍ D „Ѩ}ÏoHõ ~°∂á⁄OkOK«_»O [iyOk. JO`Õ H͉õΩO_® "≥#∞Hõ|_ç# lÖÏ¡Å Jaè=$kúH˜ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ Ѩ^äŒHÍÅ∞ ~°∂á⁄OkOK«|_ç x^èŒ∞Å∞ ã¨=∞‰õÄ~°Û_»O [iyOk. h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ: ѨÓiÎHÍx <åQÍ~°∞˚#™êQÆ~ü, áÈK«Oáê_»∞, `«∞OQÆÉèí„^Œ ZQÆ∞= HÍÅ∞=, =Oâ◊^è•~°, QÀ^•=i ÉϺˆ~l =O\˜ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ#∞ ѨÓiÎ KÕÜ«∂Åx `«ÅÃÑ>ˇì#∞. Hõh㨠J=ã¨~åŠѨ^äŒHõO (MNP): „áê^äŒq∞Hõ q^Œº, P~ÀQƺO, ¿Ñ^ŒÅ‰õΩ Wà◊¡ ã¨÷ÖÏÅ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙ, =ÚiH˜"å_»Å∞ ÉÏQÆ∞KÕÜ«Ú@, „QÍg∞} q^Œ∞ºnHõ~°}   ~À_»∞¡, áœ+≤ìHÍǨ~°O, =∞Ozh\˜ ™œHõ~°ºO =O\˜ Hõh㨠J=ã¨~åÅ∞ f~°∞Û@‰õΩ 'Hõh㨠J=ã¨~åÅ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∞O—#∞ ˆHO„^Œ „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ ÉèÏQÆOQÍ ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ „áê~°OaèOK≥#∞. nxH˜ 177 HÀ@∞¡ ˆH\Ï~ÚOK≥#∞. 20 ã¨∂„`åÅ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∞O (TPP): 1975 EÖˇ·Ö’ WOk~åQÍOnè „Ñ¨Hõ\ ˜Oz# 20 ã¨∂„`åÅ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∞O ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ J=∞Å∞Ѩ~°K«|_çOk. ã¨fiÅÊ P^•Ü«∞ =~åæʼnõΩ x`åº=ã¨~° =ã¨∞Î=ÙÅ#∞ `«‰õΩ¯= ˆ~@¡‰õΩ JOkOK«_®xH˜ ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~° qx=∞Ü«∞ ™Èì~üû, ã¨∂Ѩ~ü |*Ï~°∞¡ `≥~=° |_»`å~Ú. Hõ=∂O_£ UiÜ«∂ Jaè=$kú: x~å‡}OÖ’ L#fl ÃÑ^ŒÌ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ „H˜O^Œ PÜ«∞Hõ@∞ì#∞ ã¨`«fi~°OQÍ Jaè=$kú KÕÜ«∞_®xH˜ 1974 PQÆãπìÖ’ ~å¢+¨ì™ê÷~ÚÖ’ Command Area Development Authority U~°Ê_çOk. <åQÍ~°∞˚# ™êQÆ~ü ‰õΩ_ç–Z_»=∞ HÍÅ∞=Å∞, áÈK«Oáê_»∞ „áê*ˇH±ì, `«∞OQÆÉèí„^Œ ZQÆ∞=–kQÆ∞= HÍÅ∞=Å∞, KC ÔH<åÖòÅ Jaè=$kúx nxH˜ JѨÊyOK≥#∞. A.P. Irrigation Commission: 1974Ö’ A.P. Irrigation Commission U~°Ê_çOk.

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QÀ^•=i ÉϺˆ~*òH˜ „ѨѨOK« ÉϺOH± |∞∞}O: „ѨѨOK« ÉϺOH± 45 q∞eÜ«∞#¡ _®Å~°¡#∞ QÀ^•=i ÉϺˆ~*ò x~å‡}Ïxfl 4 ã¨OIIÅÖ’ ѨÓiÎ KÕ¿ã +¨~°`«∞ÅÃÑ· |∞∞}OQÍ JOkOK≥#∞. O =~°Öò¤ ÉϺOH± Nâ‹·ÅO „áê*ˇH±ì#∞ |Ǩïà◊~°÷Hõ ™ê^èŒHõ „áê*ˇH±ìQÍ =∂ˆ~ÛO^Œ∞‰õΩ |∞∞}Ï#flOkOK≥#∞. áê_ç Ѩi„â◊=∞: qâßYÖ’ ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~° ~°OQÆOÖ’ P^èŒ∞xHõ áêÅѨi„â◊=∞ „áê~°OaèOK«|_çOk. QÆ∞O@∂~°∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’ ã¨OQÆO *ÏQÆ~°¡=¸_ç =^ŒÌ XHõ q∞Öò¯ _≥~Ús NDDC (National Dairy Development Corporation) ã¨ÇϨ HÍ~°O`À U~åÊ@∞ KÕÃã#∞. q^•º~°OQÆO: 1976 ÃãÃÑìO|~üÖ’ q[Ü«∞"å_»–QÆ∞O@∂~°∞ =∞^茺 HÍ=e =^ŒÌ <åQÍ~°∞˚# Ü«¸x=iû\© ™ê÷Ñ≤OK«|_≥#∞. Note: PO„^è• qâ◊fiq^•ºÅÜ«∂xH˜ P.G. ˆHO„^ŒOQÍ 1967Ö’ #Å¡áê_»∞ =^ŒÌ N.U. ™ê÷Ñ≤OK«|_≥#∞. 1976Ö’ nxH˜ Ü«¸x=iû\© Ǩϟ^• ÅaèOK≥#∞. ♦ 1976Ö’ NHõ$+¨‚^Õ=~åÜ«∞ qâ◊fi q^•ºÅÜ«∞O (J#O`«Ñ¨Ó~ü) ™ê÷Ñ≤OK«|_≥#∞. Note: N "≥OHõ>Ëâ◊fi~° Ü«¸x=iû\© P.G. ˆHO„^ŒO 1968Ö’ ™ê÷Ñ≤OK«|_»QÍ, 1976Ö’ J\Ï#g∞ á⁄Ok#k. 1981Ö’ Ü«¸x=iû\© Ǩϟ^•#∞ á⁄Ok#k. W`«~°=ÚÅ∞: ♦ 1977, Hyd Ö’ CCMB (Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology) ™ê÷Ñ# ¨ . ♦ =º=™êÜ«∞ Ѩiâ’^èŒ<å ˆHO„^ŒO NAARM (National Academy of Agricultural Research Management) #∞ 1976Ö’ Hyd Ö’ „áê~°OaèOK≥#∞. ♦ 5th Plan Ö’<Õ ~å¢+¨ì ™ê÷~ÚÖ’ „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ã¨OѶ¨∞O U~°Ê_çOk. ♦ 1975Ö’ A.P. Forest Development Corporation ™ê÷Ñ# ¨ . ♦ 5th Plan XHõ ã¨O=`«û~°O =ÚO^Œ∞QÍ xeÑ≤"ÕÜ«∞|_çOk. D „Ѩ}ÏoHõ Jaè=$kú ÅHõ∆ ºO 4.40% HÍQÍ, "åã¨Î=OQÍ ™êkèOz# =$kú ˆ~@∞ 4.83% ™êkèOz 5= „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ HÍÅO XHõ q[Ü«∞=O`«"≥∞ÿ# „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ HÍÅOQÍ #"≥∂^≥·Ok.

6= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ (1980–85) O O

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3.866 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡ Éèí∂q∞H˜ h\˜=ã¨u HõeÊOK«_»O [iyOk. qˆHO„nHõ~°} „Ѩ}ÏoHõ: "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜™êiQÍ 1984–85Ö’ qˆHO„nHõ~°} „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ Ñ¨^Œúux lÖÏ¡ ™ê÷~ÚÖ’ „Ѩ"Õâ◊ÃÑ>ˇì#∞. XHÀ¯ lÖÏ¡‰õΩ HÀ\˜ ~°∂IIÅ K˘Ñ¨C# 23 lÖϡʼnõΩ 23 HÀ@∞¡ ˆH\Ï~ÚOK≥#∞. „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ qˆHO„nHõ~°} „áê~°OÉèí"≥∞ÿ, lÖÏ¡ „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ =∞O_»à◊√§ U~åÊ@∞ KÕÜ«∞|_≥#∞. ã¨OˆH∆=∞O: 1983Ö’ x=∞fl*Ï`«∞Å Jaè=$kúÔH· '15 ã¨∂„`åÅ „ѨQÆu Ѩ^äŒO— HÍ~°º„Hõ=∞O „Ѩ"Õâ◊ÃÑ@ì|_≥#∞. ♦ H˜ Ö ’ 2/– aÜ« ∞ ºO Ѩ ^ ä Œ H õ O , =∞^è • ºÇ¨ Ï fl Éè ’ [# Ѩ ^ ä Œ H õ O , `« ‰ õ Ω ¯= ˆ ~ @∞ˆ H ¿Ñ^Œ Å ‰õ Ω |@ì ŠѨ O Ñ≤ } © D HÍÅOÖ’<Õ [iÔQ#∞. ♦ |ÅÇ‘Ï# =~åæʼnõΩ, SC,ST, Pi÷HõOQÍ "≥#Hõ|_ç# `«~°QÆ`«∞Å∞, z#fl  ã¨#flHÍ~°∞ Ô~·`«∞Å∞, Éèí∂q∞ÖËx =º=™êÜ«∞ HÍi‡‰õΩÅ∞, ¢ã‘ÎÅ∞   Ñ≤Å¡Å∞ r=# Éèí$ux ÃÑOz "åi r=# „Ѩ=∂}ÏÖ’¡ =∂~°∞Ê `Õ=_»O HÀã¨O 'H˘`«Î 20 ã¨∂„`åÅ Pi÷Hõ Ѩ^äŒHõO——#∞ „Ѩ"Õâ◊ÃÑ>ˇì#∞. ˆHO„^Œ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi Ѩi„â◊=∞Å∞: ♦ Southern Pesticides – H˘=Ófi~°∞, 1980 ♦ Sponze Iron Plant – áêÅfiOK« (Y=∞‡O) 1980 ♦ Visakha Steel Plant - 1982

W`«~°=ÚÅ∞: ♦ IRDP, NREP, RLEGP =O\˜ ♦ ♦

Ѩ^äŒHÍÅ∞ ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ J=∞ÅÜ«∂º~Ú. ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ „QÍg∞} „âßq∞Hõ Láêkè HõÅÊ<å Qͺ~°O\© Ѩ^äŒHõO (RLEGP) J=∞Å∞ Ѩ~°K«|_çOk. nxH˜ 100% Pi÷Hõ =#~°∞Å∞ ˆHO„^Œ"Õ∞ JOkã¨∞ÎOk. D „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ Jaè=$kú ÅHõ∆ ºO 5.2% HÍQÍ, "åã¨=Î OQÍ ™êkèOz# ~ˆ @∞ 5.54% HÍ=_»O`À 6= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ XHõ q[Ü«∞=O`«"∞≥ #ÿ „Ѩ}ÏoHõQÍ #"≥∂^≥·Ok.

7= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ (1985–90) O

™êOѶ≤∞Hõ ¿ã=ʼnõΩ JkèHõ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙeã¨∂Î „áê~°OaèOK«|_»¤ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ „Ѩ}ÏoHõ 7= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ. O Wk *ÏfÜ«∞™ê÷~ÚÖ’ PǨ~°=Ú, Ѩx, L`åÊ^ŒHõ`« ÅHõ∆ ºOQÍ „áê~°OaèOK«|_çOk. O „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞: 5,560 HÀ@∞¡. "åã¨Î= =ºÜ«∞O: 5,978 HÀ@∞¡. ˆHO„^Œ „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O: 1,857 HÀ@∞¡ (31 âß`«O) ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ#∞ Ѩije¿ãÎ: Hˆ \Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ =ºÜ«∞O 1. ™ê=∂lHõ ¿ã=Å∞ 31.9% 29.17% 2. h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ 24.7% 24.23% 3. q^Œ∞º`ü ~°OQÆO 18.1% 17.2% 4. ~°"å}Ï, ã¨=∂Kå~°O 6.87% 10.2% O ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÖ’¡#∂, =ºÜ«∞OÖ’#∂ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ ™ê÷#O : ™ê=∂lHõ ¿ã=Å∞† Ô~O_»= ™ê÷#O : h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ. O ™ê=∂lHõ Hõ=¸ºx\© ¿ã=ʼnõΩ 29.17% J`«ºkèHõ "≥Ú`«ÎOÖ’ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞, kfifÜ«∞ „áê^è•#ºOÖ’ 24.23% h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ ~°OQÍxH˜ ˆH\Ï~ÚOK«_»O [iyOk. J^Õq^èŒOQÍ q^Œ∞º`ü ~°OQÍxH˜ 17.20%, ~°"å}Ï Hõ=¸ºxˆH+¨#¡‰õΩ 10.20% ˆH\Ï~ÚOK«_»O [iyOk. Note: "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜™êiQÍ ™ê=∂lHõ ~°OQÍxH˜ JkèHõ =#~°∞Å ˆH\Ï~ÚOK≥#∞. O D „Ѩ}ÏoHõ Ö’ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ ~°OQÍxH˜ kfifÜ«∞ „áê^è•#ºq∞K«∞Û@ =Å¡, ÉèÏs, =∞^茺`«~°Ç¨ h\˜ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ ^•fi~å 0.892 ÅIIÃÇÏII Éèí∂q∞H˜,

ZHÍ#q∞

109

z~°Orq

z#fl`«~°Ç¨ h\˜ =#~°∞Å ^•fi~å 0.668 ÅIIÃÇÏII Éèí∂q∞H˜, "≥Ú`«ÎO g∞^Œ 1.560 ÅIIÃÇÏII Éèí∂q∞H˜ h\˜=#~°∞Å∞ HõeÊOK«|_≥#∞. O D „Ѩ}ÏoHõ Jaè=$kú ÅHõ∆ ºO 5.0 HÍQÍ, "åã¨Î=OQÍ ™êkèOz# =$kúˆ~@∞ 6.02% ™êkèOz 7= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ XHõ q[Ü«∞=O`«"≥∞ÿ# „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ #"≥∂^≥·Ok. Single Window System: Ô~·`«∞ |∞∞} J=ã¨~åÅ∞ XˆHKÀ@ fˆ~ÛO^Œ∞‰õΩ ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~°~°OQÆOÖ’ 'Single Window System' #∞ (XˆH H˜\ ˜H© ¿ã=/UHõ QÆ"åHõ∆ q^è•#O) 1987Ö’ „Ѩ"Õâ◊ÃÑ>ˇì#∞. h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ: WK«ÛOѨe¡ „áê*ˇH±ì, c=∂ „áê*ˇH±ì, ѨÙezO`«Å „áê*ˇH±ìÅ∞ ÉèÏs h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ âßY „H˜O^Œ H˘`«Î Ѩ^äŒHÍÅ∞QÍ „Ѩ"Õâ◊ÃÑ@ì_»O [iyOk. J=™ê÷Ѩ<å ™œHõ~åºÅ∞: qâßY ã‘ìÖò áê¡O\ò‰õΩ, u~°∞Ѩu ^ŒQÆæ~° QÆÅ Ô~·Å∞ É’wÅ =∞~°=∞‡`«∞Î =~ü¯ëêÑπH˜, "≥∞^ŒH± =^ŒÌ QÆÅ =∞O^Œ∞QÆ∞O_»∞¡ `«Ü«∂s Hõ~å‡QÍ~°O (Detonator Company) #‰õΩ J=™ê÷Ѩ<å ™œHõ~åºÅ∞ JOkOKåÅx x~°‚~ÚOK≥#∞. `≥Å∞QÆ∞ „QÍg∞} „HÍOu Ѩ^äŒHõO: 1985 #=O|~üÖ’ '`≥Å∞QÆ∞ „QÍg∞} „HÍOu Ѩ^äŒHõO— „áê~°OaèOK«|_çOk. `≥Å∞QÆ∞ q*Ï˝# áêi`À+≤Hõ=Ú: q^•º~°∞÷Å#∞ „áÈ`«ûÇ≤ÏOK«∞@‰õΩ ''`≥Å∞QÆ∞ q*Ï˝# áêi`À+≤HõO—— „H˜O^Œ LѨHÍ~° "Õ`«<åÅ∞ =∞OE~°∞ KÕÃã#∞. `≥Å∞QÆ∞ ÉÏÅÅ, =∞Ç≤Ïà◊Å „ѨQÆu „áêOQÆ}ÏÅ∞: „Ѩf ZOÑ≤Hõ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ 200 =∞Ok r=<å^è•~°O ÖËx, k‰õΩ¯ÖËx x~°∞¿Ñ^Œ =∞Ç≤Ïà◊ʼnõΩ tHõ∆} WzÛ "åi HÍà◊¡ÃÑ· "å~°∞ xÅ|_Õ@∞¡ KÕÜ«∞_®xH˜ L^ÕÌtOK«|_çOk. O „Ѩ`ÕºHõOQÍ `«q∞à◊<å_»∞ ~å¢ëêìxH˜ `åQÆ∞h~°∞ ã¨~°Ñ¶¨~åÔH· L^ÕÌtOz# '`≥Å∞QÆ∞ QÆOQÆ— „áê*ˇH±ì#∞ ѨÓiÎ KÕÜ«Ú@ nxÖ’ „Ѩ^è•# HÍ~°º„Hõ=∞O.

"åi¬Hõ „Ѩ}ÏoHõÅ∞ (1990–92) O

O O O

Pi÷Hõ =∞iÜ«Ú ~å[H©Ü∞« JxtÛu Ѩiã≤`÷ ∞« Å ^Œ$ëêì º 7= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ ѨÓiÎ HÍQÍ<Õ 8= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ#∞ „áê~°OaèOK«ÖHË õ ~Ô O_»∞ ã¨O=`«û~åÅ∞ "åi¬Hõ „Ѩ}ÏoHõÅ#∞ J=∞Å∞ KÕ¿ã#∞. 1990Ö’ U~°Ê_ç# Pi÷Hõ ã¨OH∆ÀÉèÏxfl Ѩi+¨¯iOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ IMF P^ÕâßʼnõΩ J#∞QÆ∞}OQÍ Pi÷Hõ ã¨O㨯~°}Å∞ J=∞Å∞ѨiK≥#∞. =∂Ô~¯\ò ã¨xflÇ≤Ï`« =º=ã¨÷ <≥ÅH˘ÖËÊ kâ◊Ö’ „ÃÑ"· \Õ H© ~õ }° , ã¨~m° Hõ~}° , „ѨÑO¨ pHõ~}° q^è•<åÅ∞ (LPG) J=∞Å∞ѨiK≥#∞. „ÃÑ"· \Õ ò~O° QÆ ™ê~°^䌺OÖ’ Pi÷Hõ =º=ã¨÷ Ѩܫ∞xOKåeû ~å=_»O`À „Ѩ}ÏoHõÅ∞ <å=∞=∂„`«"≥∞ÿ#q. 8= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ #∞O_ç ã¨∂K«<å`«‡Hõ „Ѩ}ÏoHõ J=∞Ö’¡H˜ ~å=_»O`À „ÃÑ·"Õ\ò ~°OQÆO Ukâ◊Ö’ Ѩܫ∞xOKåÖ’ =∂~°æ xˆ~Ìâ◊O KÕÜ«∂eû# áê„`«‰õΩ =∂„`«"Õ∞ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO Ѩiq∞`«O HÍ|_çOk. ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ ã¨O=`«û~°O 1661 HÀ@∞¡, Ô~O_À ã¨O=`«û~°O 1602 HÀ@∞¡ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ [iÔQ#∞. "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ ã¨O=`«û~°O ã¨=Ú„^Œ f~° „áêO`åÖ’¡ ã¨OÉèíqOz# `«∞á¶ê#∞ „ѨÉèÏ=O =Å¡ ~å¢ëêìxH˜ Z‰õΩ¯= #+¨ìO ã¨OÉèíqOzOk. World Bank JOkOz# |∞∞} ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O ‰õÄ_® nxH˜ LѨÜ≥∂yOK«_»O [iyOk.

8= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ (1992–97) ^Õâ◊O "≥Ú`«ÎO g∞^Œ Pi÷Hõ ã¨O㨯~°}Å <ÕѨ^䌺OÖ’ J=∞Å∞ KÕÜ«∞|_»¤ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ „Ѩ}ÏoHõ Wk. "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜™êiQÍ =∂#= =#~°∞Å Jaè=$kúH˜ „áê^è•#ºq∞ã¨∂Î 8= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ#∞ ~°∂á⁄OkOK≥#∞. ÅH∆ͺÅ∞: ♦ L^ÀºQÍ=HÍâßÅ∞ HõeÊOKåe, [<åÉèÏ#∞ xÜ«∞O„uOKåe. ♦ x~°Hõ∆~å㨺`«#∞ `«yæOKåe, P~ÀQƺ ™œHõ~åºÅ∞   „`åQÆ∞h~°∞ JOkOKåe. O „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞: 11,845 HÀ@∞¡ "åã¨Î= =ºÜ«∞O: 13,606 HÀ@∞¡ ˆHO„^Œ „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O: 26%

ZHÍ#q∞

110

z~°Orq

O

Zxq∞^Œ= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ J`«ºkèHõ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅÃÑ· [iy#ѨÊ\˜H©, "åã¨Î= =ºÜ«∞O JkèHõOQÍ q^Œ∞º`üÃÑ· [iyOk. Hˆ \Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ =ºÜ«∞O 1. q^Œ∞º`ü ~°OQÆO 25.68% 26.72% 2. h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ 28.06% 25.50% 3. ™ê=∂lHõ ¿ã=Å∞ 23.53% 18.73% 4. ~°"å}Ï ã¨=∂Kå~°O 10.08% 12.39% O ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÖ’¡ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ ™ê÷#O: h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ Ô~O_»= ™ê÷#O: q^Œ∞º`ü O "åã¨Î= =ºÜ«∞OÖ’ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ ™ê÷#O: q^Œ∞º`ü (26.72%) Ô~O_»= ™ê÷#O: h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ. (25.50%) O nxÖ’ ÉèÏs, =∞^茺`«~°Ç¨ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ ^•fi~å 0.467 ÅIIÃÇÏII Éèí∂q∞H˜, z#fl `«~°Ç¨ h\˜=#~°∞Å ^•fi~å 0.245 ÅIIÃÇÏII Éèí∂q∞H˜, "≥Ú`«ÎO g∞^Œ 0.706 ÅIIÃÇÏII Éèí∂q∞H˜ h\˜=#~°∞Å∞ HõeÊOK≥#∞. O ˆHO„^Œ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi P^Õâß#∞™ê~°O ~å¢+¨ì „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO ‰õÄ_® 㨠∂ ÷ Å Pi÷ H õ ã≤ ÷ s Hõ ~ ° } K« ~ ° º efl J=∞Å∞ KÕã≤Ok. D „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’<Õ HÀâ◊ ã¨O|O^èŒ"≥∞ÿ#, q^Œ∞º`ü   ѨiáêÅ<å ã¨O|O^èŒ"≥∞ÿ# ã¨O㨯~°}Å#∞ „áê~°OaèOK≥#∞. O 1995Ö’ ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ q^Œ∞º`ü~°OQÆ ã¨O㨯~°}ÅÔH· Ç≤Ï`Õ<£ ÉèíÜ«∂º Hõq∞\© xÜ«∞q∞OѨ|_≥#∞. O PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’ #∂`«# ã¨O㨯~°}Å#∞ 1996 [#=iÖ’ „áê~°OaèOK≥#∞. =∂#= Jaè=$kú: ♦ 8= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ Pâ◊Ü«∞O =∂#"åaè=$kú, L^ÀºQÍÅ∞ HõeÊOK«∞@, [<åÉèÏ xÜ«∞O„`«}, x~°Hõ∆~å㨺`«#∞ `«yæOK«∞@, P~ÀQƺ ™œHõ~åºÅ∞   „`åQÆ∞h~°∞ JOkOK«∞@ =O\˜q ÅH∆ͺÅ∞, =∞iÜ«Ú Infrastructure HõeÊOK«∞@ nx „áê^è•#º`«. ♦ 8= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ JO`åxH˜ ''„Ѩf XHõ¯iH© P~ÀQƺO—— J<Õ x<å^ŒO`À „Ѩ[Å P~ÀQƺ ™œHõ~åºÅ∞ "≥∞~°∞QÆ∞Ѩ~åÛe. JO>Ë 2000 ã¨OII<å\˜H˜ JO^ŒiH© P~ÀQƺO#∞ ™êkèOKåÅx `«ÅK≥#∞. q^Œ∞º`ü: ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜™êiQÍ „ÃÑ·"Õ\ò ~°OQÆOÖ’ q^Œ∞º`ü L`«ÊuÎ ˆHO„^•Å#∞ „áê~°OaèOK≥#∞. `«∂~°∞Ê QÀ^•=i lÖÏ¡Ö’ *ËQÆ∞~°∞áê_»∞ =^ŒÌ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ „ÃÑ·"Õ\ò ~°OQÆ q^Œ∞º`ü Hõ~°‡QÍ~åxfl U~åÊ@∞ KÕÃã#∞. ¿Ñ^ŒiHõO: 1993–94Ö’ ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ ¿Ñ^ŒiHõO 22%H˜ `«yæOk. (^Õâ◊OÖ’ Wk 36%QÍ LOk). O 1996 _çÃãO|~üÖ’ =ÚYº=∞O„u Ü« Ú =â◊ H ˜ ΠѨ ^ ä Œ H õ O (CMEY) „áê~°OÉèíO. 997 [#=i 1 #∞O_ç '[#‡Éèí∂q∞— Ѩ^äŒHõO „áê~°OÉèíO (^Œ.H˘iÜ«∂Ö’x 'Ãã=∂Öò J#∞_»OQ∑— P^è•~°OQÍ). O 1997 O 1994Ö’ H ˆ O„^Œ „ѨÉ∞íè `«fi Ѩ^HŒä "õ ∞≥ #ÿ DPEP(District Primary Educational Programme) „áê~°OaèOK«|_çOk. (U.K. ã¨ÇϨ HÍ~°O`À) O D „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ Jaè=$kú ÅHõ∆ ºO 5.6% HÍQÍ, "åã¨Î=OQÍ ™êkèOz# =$kúˆ~@∞ 6.68%.

9= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ (1997–2002) O

O

„Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞: 29,943 HÀ@∞¡ "åã¨Î= =ºÜ«∞O: 28,572 HÀ@∞¡ ˆHO„^Œ „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O: 16% =#~°∞Å ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ Ѩije¿ãÎ: Hˆ \Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ 1. q^Œ∞º`ü 25.6% 2. ™ê=∂lHõ ¿ã=Å∞ 20.8% 3. h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ 21.2% 4. ~°"å}Ï   ã¨=∂Kå~°O 14.57%

ZHÍ#q∞

=ºÜ«∞O 29.33% 20.86% 19.28% 12.83%

111

z~°Orq

O

O

9= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ J`«ºkèHõ =ºÜ«∞O q^Œ∞º`ü ~°OQÆOÃÑ· (29%) [iyOk. Ô~O_»= ™ê÷#O Hõ=¸ºx\© ¿ã=Å∞ (20.86%) =¸_»= ™ê÷#O h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ (19.28%)ÃÑ· [iÔQ#∞. D „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ ~°OQÍxH˜ `«$fÜ«∞ „áê^è•#ºq∞zÛ#ѨÊ\˜H©† ÉèÏs, =∞^茺`«~°Ç¨ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ ^•fi~å 1.924 ÅIIÃÇÏII Éèí∂q∞H˜, z#fl`«~°Ç¨ h\˜ =#~°∞Å ^•fi~å

0.462 ÅIIÃÇÏIIÉèí∂q∞H˜,

"≥Ú`«ÎO g∞^Œ

2.376 ÅIIÃÇÏII Éèí∂q∞H˜ h\˜=ã¨u HõeÊOK«∞@ [iyOk.

O

D „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ =$kú~ˆ @∞#∞ *ÏfÜ«∞ ™ê÷~ÚÖ’ "≥Ú^Œ@ 7% xˆ~tÌ OK≥#∞. `«~åfi`« 6.5%H˜ `«yOæ K≥#∞. HÍh "åã¨=Î OQÍ ™êkèOz#k 5.5% (PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’ 5.59%) JO>Ë JO`« q[Ü«∞=O`«O HÍÖË^Œ∞.

O

D „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ q^Œ∞º`ü ~°OQÆO, ™ê=∂lHõ ¿ã=Å∞, h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ‰õΩ „áê^è•#º`« H˘#™êyOk. g\˜`À áê@∞ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ „áêOfÜ«∞ Jaè=$kú Ѩ^äŒHÍÅ∞, '[#‡Éèí∂q∞— =O\˜ ™ê=∂lHõ Ѩ^äŒHÍʼnõΩ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ ÃÑOK≥#∞. „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ Ñ¨^äŒHÍÅ J=∞Å∞ qˆHO„nHõ~°} KÕÜ«∞|_çOk.

O

D „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ ã¨∂Hõ∆ ‡™ê÷~Ú „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ~°K«#‰õΩ– J=∞Å∞‰õΩ „áê^è•#ºq∞K≥Û#∞.HÀâ◊Ѩ~°"≥∞ÿ# „Hõ=∞tHõ∆}Ï K«~°ºÅ∞ KÕѨ\ ˜ìi.

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11= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ ™ê=∂lHõ ~°OQÍxH˜ JkèHõ „áê^è•#ºq∞K≥Û#∞. ™ê=∂lHõ ~°OQÆOÖ’ q^Œº‰õΩ J`«ºkèHõ „áê^è•#º`«xKåÛ~°∞.

O

*ÏfÜ«∞ ™ê÷~ÚÖ’ 11= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ ÅHõ∆ ºO. ''ã¨q∞‡o`« ã¨`«fi~° =$kú—— (Inclusive Faster Growth)

O

11= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ „Ѩ}ÏoHõ ã¨OѶ¨∞O *ÏfÜ«∞ ™ê÷~ÚÖ’ '27— Monitorable Targets#∞ (LѨÅaúÅ∞) xˆ~útOK«QÍ, ~å¢ëêìʼnõΩ "å\˜Ö’ '13— ˆH\Ï~ÚOK≥#∞.

A.P.`À

ã¨Ç¨

'13' Monitorable Targets:

1.

GSDP =$kúˆ~@∞

9.5%.

2. =º=™êÜ«∞ =$kúˆ~@∞ 5%. 3. #∂`«# Láêkè J=HÍâßÅ∞ HõeÊOKåe. 4. ¿Ñ^ŒiHõѨ٠x+¨ÊuÎ `«yæOKåe. 5. „áê^äŒq∞Hõ áê~î°âßÅÖ’¡ Dropout Rate #∞ 20%H˜ `«yæOKåe. 6. JHõ∆~å㨺`å âß`«O ÃÑOKåe. 7. JHõ∆~å㨺`«Ö’ ¢ã‘Î, ѨÙ~°∞+¨ JO`«~åÅ∞ `«yæOKåe. 8. „Ѩã¨∞Î`« IMR '57— #∞O_ç 2012 <å\˜H˜ '28—H˜ `«yæOKåe („Ѩf 1000H©). 9.

MMR #∞

'195— #∞O_ç '65—‰õΩ `«yæOKåe („Ѩf 1,00,000 [#<åʼnõΩ).

10. ã¨O`å<À`«ÊuÎ ˆ~@∞ (TFR) #∞ 2.1 #∞O_ç 1.8‰õΩ `«yæOK«_»O. 11. Ñ≤Å¡Ö’¡ Jáœ+≤ìHõ`«fiO `«yæOKåe. 12. ÉÏeHõÅ∞, ¢ã‘ÎÅÖ’ ~°HõÎÇ‘Ï#`« `«yæOKåe. 13. ÉÏeHõÅ x+¨ÊuÎ (Child Sex Ratio)x 961 #∞O_ç 969H˜ ÃÑOKåe. O

2011, _çÃãO|~ü 31 =~°‰õΩ „Ѩ}ÏoHõ‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz P"≥∂kOz# ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ 1,87,796.75 HÀ@∞¡ HÍQÍ J^Õ HÍÅO <å\˜H˜ 11= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ(2011 _çÃãO|~ü <å\˜H˜) "≥Ú`«ÎO =ºÜ«∞O 1,43,879.96 HÀ@∞¡QÍ `≥ÅѨ_»O [iyOk. Wk "åã¨Î= ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅÖ’ =ºÜ«∞O âß`«O 76.61QÍ #"≥∂^Œ∞ J~ÚOk.

O

11= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ z=i <å\˜H˜ 1,58,020 HÀ@∞¡ Y~°∞Û J~Ú#k. 2007–08 ã¨O=`«û~°OÖ’ ã¨∂÷Å ~åR L`«ÊuÎÖ’ =º=™êÜ«∞O ~°OQÆO "å\Ï 10.62% LO_»QÍ, 2008–09 <å\˜H˜ 5.53 âß`åxH˜ Ѩ_çáÈ~ÚOk. 2008–09Ö’ ã¨∂÷Å ~åR L`«ÊuÎÖ’ =º=™êÜ«∞ ~°OQÆO =$kúˆ~@∞ 2.27%QÍ#∞, Ѩi„â◊=∞Å∞ 0.12%, ¿ã=Å ~°OQÆO 10.06%QÍ#∞ =$kú #"≥∂^Œ∞ KÕã¨∞‰õΩOk. 2001–08Ö’ PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅ L`«ÊuÎ 198.17 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ∞ L`«ÊuÎHÍQÍ 2008–09Ö’ 204.04 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ∞ L`«ÊuÎ #"≥∂^≥·Ok. 2008–09 ã¨O=`«û~åxH˜ „Ѩ}ÏoHõã¨OѶ¨∞O ~åR „Ѩ}ÏoHõ "å\ÏQÍ 44000 HÀ@¡ ~°∂áêÜ«∞Å∞ P"≥∂kOzOk. nxÖ’ ™êQÆ∞h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ q^Œ∞º`ü „QÍg∞}Ïaè=$kúH˜ =º=™êÜ«∞ ã¨O|Okè`« ~°OQÍʼnõΩ 51% ÃÑ·QÍ ˆH\Ï~ÚOK«_»O [iyOk.

ZHÍ#q∞

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11= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞, =ºÜ«∞O, =ºÜ«∞OÖ’ qq^èŒ ~°OQÍÅ "å\Ï

A)

Pi÷Hõ ¿ã=Å∞ 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

B)

C)

=º=™êÜ«∞O, J#∞|O^èŒ ~°OQÍÅ∞ „QÍg∞}Ïaè=$kú „Ѩ`ÕºHõ „áêO`åÅ Jaè=$kú h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ, =~°^ŒÅ x"å~°} q^Œ∞º`ü Ѩi„â◊=∞Å∞, QÆ#∞Å∞ ~°"å}Ï ã¨=∂Kå~°O Ãã·<£û   >ˇHÍflÅr Ѩ~åº=~°}O ™ê^è•~°} Pi÷Hõ¿ã=Å∞ "≥Ú`«ÎO Pi÷Hõ ¿ã=Å∞

™êOѶ‘∞Hõ ¿ã=Å∞ 1. ™ê^è•~°} q^Œº 2. „H©_Å» ∞   Ü«Ú=[# ¿ã=Å∞ 3. ™êOˆHuHõ q^Œº 4. Hõà◊Å∞, ã¨O㨯 $u 5. „Ѩ*Ï P~ÀQƺO 6. h\˜ ã¨~°Ñ¶¨~å, áêiâ◊√^ŒºO 7. QÆ$Ç¨Ï x~å‡}O 8. Ѩ@} ì Ïaè=$kú 9. ã¨=∂Kå~°O 10. SC, ST, BC "≥∞ÿ<åsìÅ ã¨OˆH∆=∞O 11. „â◊=∞, Láêkè 12. ™ê=∂lHõ Éèí„^Œ`« =∞iÜ«Ú ã¨OˆH∆=∞O 13. áÈ+¨H`õ fi« O "≥Ú`«ÎO ™êOѶ‘∞Hõ ¿ã=Å∞ ™ê^è•~°} ¿ã=Å∞ "≥Ú`«OÎ

ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨ٠=ºÜ«∞O 2011 _çÃãO|~ü (HÀ@¡ ~°∂IIÅÖ’) (HÀ@¡ ~°∂IIÅÖ’) <å\˜H˜ =ºÜ«∞âß`«O

11= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ "≥Ú`åÎxH˜ =ºÜ«∞âß`«O

7958 15269.8 789.69 74732.52 1968.58 3186.71 10332 – 24.72 5805.8 120068.5

10402 16330 1087 54024 2150 1678 9984 – 12 4362 100030

6.54 10.61 0.75 34.24 0.45 1.05 6.48 – 0.01 2.74 62.86

6.58 10.33 0.69 34.19 1.36 1.06 6.32 – 0.01 2.76 63.30

7994 418 1970 345 6753 4903 16688 12314 174 11266 373 1693 1767 66659

6309 357 1265 290 6288 4066 11697 11913 325 11936 191 1293 1300 57230

3.96 0.23 0.75 0.18 4.09 2.71 7.78 7.44 0.22 7.51 0.13 0.84 0.83 36.67

3.99 0.23 0.80 0.18 3.98 2.57 7.40 7.54 0.21 7.55 0.12 0.82 0.82 36.22

1069 187796.75

761 158020.86

0.46 100

0.48 100

11= ѨOK«=~°¬ „Ѩ}ÏoHõ – J=∞Å∞f~°∞ (2011 _çÃãO|~ü <å\˜H˜): O

11= ѨOK«=~°¬ „Ѩ}ÏoHõ (2007–12) 2007–08 #∞Oz „áê~°OÉèí"≥∞ÿOk. ~åR L`«ÊuÎÖ’ 9.5% "åi¬Hõ =$kúˆ~@∞ =º=™êÜ«∞O, Ѩâ◊√áÈ+¨}Ö’ 5%, Ѩi„â◊=∞ ~°OQÆOÖ’ 10%, ¿ã"å~°OQÆOÖ’ 11% =$kú ™êkèOKåÅ<Õ ÅHõ∆ ºOQÍ KÕã¨∞HÀ=_»O [iyOk.

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O O O O O O O O

O

D ÅH∆ͺŠ™ê^èŒ#‰õΩ J#∞QÆ∞}OQÍ 2007–08 "åi¬Hõ „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ ~°∂. 30,500 HÀ@∞¡ Ѩi =ºÜ«∂xfl xˆ~ÌtOKå~°∞. D "åi¬Hõ „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ ‰õÄ_® h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ ~°OQÍxH˜ JkèHõ „áê^è•#ºO W=fi_»O [iyOk. áêi„âßq∞Hõ ~°OQÆOÖ’ 10% =$kúˆ~@∞ ™êkèOK«_®xH˜ `«Ü«∂s ~°OQÆOÖ’ '11— âß`«O =$kúˆ~@∞ ™êkèOK«=Åã≤ LOk. J`«ºkèHõ ˆ~@∞Ö’ =$kú K≥O^Œ∞`«∞#fl ¿ã"å~°OQÆO "å\Ï#∞ 2012 <å\˜H˜ ~åR ã¨∂÷Å L`«ÊuÎÖ’ 57âß`«O ÃÑOKÕkâ◊Ö’ P ~°OQÆOÖ’ '11— âß`«O Jaè=$kú ÅHõ∆ ºO x~°‚~ÚOKå~°∞. ¿ã"å~°OQÆO Jaè=$kúH˜ 19.37% "≥Ú`«ÎO „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ =ºÜ«∂xfl ˆH\Ï~ÚOKå~°∞. 11= ѨOK«=~°¬ „Ѩ}ÏoHõ HÍÅOÖ’ lZãπ_çÑ≤ ã¨QÆ@∞# 8.33 % #"≥∂^≥·Ok. W^ÕHÍÅOÖ’ ^Õâ◊ l_çÑ≤ 7.94 âß`«OQÍ #"≥∂^≥·Ok. 9, 10, 11 ѨOK«=~°¬ „Ѩ}ÏoHõÅ HÍÅOÖ’ ~åR ã¨QÆ@∞ "åi¬Hõ =$kú 5.59%, 8.19%, 8.33 % (^Õâ◊ ã¨QÆ@∞ "åi¬Hõ =$kú 5.52%, 7.68%, 7.94%)QÍ #"≥∂^≥·Ok. 11= ѨOK«=~°¬ „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ HÍÅOÖ’ ~åRO 9.5% =$kú ÅHõ∆ ºOQÍ (^Õâ◊O 9%) xˆ~ÌtOK«∞‰õΩOk. 11= „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ HÍÅOÖ’ =º=™êÜ«∞ ~°OQÆ =$kú ã¨QÆ@∞# 5.38%, kfifÜ«∞ ~°OQÆO 8.19%, `«$fÜ«∞~°OQÆO 9.62%QÍ #"≥∂^≥·Ok. =∂Oã¨O, „QÆ∞_»∞¡, ÉÏ~ÚÅ~üÅ L`«ÊuÎÖ’ PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò ~åRO ^Õâ◊OÖ’<Õ J„QÆQÍq∞. "åi¬Hõ áêÅ L`«ÊuÎÖ’ ^Õâ◊OÖ’ =∞# ~åRO Ô~O_À ™ê÷#OÖ’ LOk. áêÅ L`«ÊuÎx =∞iO`« ÃÑOá⁄OkOK«∞HÀ=_®xH˜ 25 ÅHõ∆Å =∞Ok P^•Ü«∂Å#∞ =$kú KÕÜ«∞_®xH˜ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO '~åR áêÅ q∞+¨<£—‰õΩ NHÍ~°O K«∞\˜ìOk. 11= ѨOK«=~°¬ „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ HÍÅOÖ’ 2011–12Ö’ ~åROÖ’ 173 ÅHõÅ∆ @#∞flÅ PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅ L`«ÊuÎ [iyOk. 11= ѨOK«=~°¬ „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ HÍÅOÖ’ =º=™êÜ«∞ ~°OQÆ ÉèÏQÆ™êfi=∞ºO GSDPÖ’ 21.15%QÍ #"≥∂^≥·Ok.

Flagship Programmes :

ÉèÏ~°`« „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO Pi÷Hõ J=™ê÷Ѩ<å ã¨^Œ∞áêÜ«∞O, ™êOѶ‘∞Hõ ~°OQÍÅÖ’ „Ѩuëêì`«‡Hõ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂Å#∞ (Flagship Programmes) „áê~°OaèOK≥#∞. O

Centrally Sponcered Schemes (CSS)

O

~åÉ’ÜÕ∞ ã¨O=`«û~åÅÖ’ =ÚYºOQÍ 12= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ ÉèÏ~°`« „ѨÉèí∞`«fi D „Ѩuëêì`«‡Hõ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂Å J=∞Å∞ XHõ =ÚYºÉèí∂q∞HõQÍ LO_»QÆÅ=Ù. ~å¢+¨ìO J=∞Å∞ѨiKÕ Flagship Ѩ^äŒHÍÅ∞.

1.

Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY)

2.

National Horticulture Mission (NHM)

3.

Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS)

4.

Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme (AIBP)

5.

Rajiv Gandhi Grameena Vidyutikaran Yojana (RGGVY) / Re-structured Accelerated Power Devel-

ѨÙ#ifl~å‡}O ÃÑ· K«`«∞ˆ~fin Hõq∞\© xÜ«∞q∞OK«|_≥#∞. ~å¢ëêìÅ∞ `«=∞ ™ê÷xHõ J=ã¨~åʼnõΩ J#∞QÆ∞}OQÍ g\˜x H˘OK≥O =∂~°∞ÛH˘<Õ ã¨~à° `◊ åfixfl ~å¢ëêìÅH˜"åfiÅx D Hõq∞\© ã¨∂zOK≥#∞. |_≥\˚ ò Hˆ \Ï~ÚOѨÙÅÖ’ Jxfl CSSÅÖ’ 20% (Flagship Ѩ^äŒHÍÅÖ’ 10%) Flexy Funds QÍ LѨÜ≥∂yOK«=K«∞Û.

opment and Reforms Programme (R-APDRP) 6.

National Rural Drinking Watersupply Programme (NRDWP)

7.

Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC / Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA)

8.

Indira Awas Yojana (IAY)

9.

Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM)

10. Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY)

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11. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) 12. Mid-day Meal Scheme (MDM) 13. National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) 14. Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) 15. National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP) 16. National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) 17. Backward Regions Grant Fund (BRGF)

~å¢+‘ìÜ«∞ Hõ$+≤ qHÍãπ Ü≥∂[# (RKVY): 2007–08Ö’ =º=™êÜ«∞O, J#∞|O^èŒ ~°OQÍÅÖ’ ÃÑ@∞ì|_»∞Å∞ ÃÑOz, 4% ÃÑ·# =º=™êÜ«∞ =$kúˆ~@∞#∞ ™êkèOKÕ ~å¢ëêìʼnõΩ Pi÷Hõ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∂xfl JOkOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ GOI (Govt of India) nxx „áê~°OaèOK≥#∞. Wk 100% J^Œ#Ѩ٠ˆHO„^Œ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞ Ѩ^äŒHõO. National Horticulture Mission:

~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ 2005 #=O|~ü 3# ~å¢+¨ì L^•º#=# ѨO@Å ™êQÆ∞ q∞+¨<£ (NHM „H˜O^Œ) U~åÊ@∞ KÕÜ«∞|_≥#∞. L^•º#=# ѨO@Å ~°OQÆOÖ’ Ѩiâ’^èŒ#, qã¨Î~°}, ™êOˆHuHõ Ѩi*Ï˝<åxfl „áÈ`«ûÇ≤ÏOK«∞@, „áÈÃãã≤OQ∑, =∂Ô~¯\˜OQ∑ ã¨^∞Œ áêÜ«∂Å HõÅÊ#, ~Ô `· ∞« ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏʼnõΩ P^•Ü«∞O ÃÑOK«∞@, <≥Ñ· Ù¨ }ºOQÆÅ, <≥Ñ· Ù¨ }ºO ÖËx =º‰õΩÅÎ ‰õΩ Láêkè J=HÍâßÅ∞ ã¨$+≤ìOK«∞@ J<Õ ÅH∆ͺÅ`À Wk ѨxKÕã¨∞ÎOk.

MGNREGS: nxx

3 ^Œâ◊ÅÖ’ ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ 22 lÖϡʼnõΩ qã¨ÎiOK≥#∞.

AIBP:

ѨÓiÎHÍx ÉèÏs, =∞^茺`«~°Ç¨ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìʼnõΩ GOI Pi÷Hõ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∂xfl JOkOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ L^ÕútOK«|_ç#k. J~Ú`Õ nxH˜ "Central Water Commission, „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ã¨OѶ¨∞O J#∞=∞u J=ã¨~°O.

RGGVY: „QÍ=∂Å

q^Œ∞ºnÌHõ~°}‰õΩ, BPL ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏʼnõΩ q^Œ∞º`üx JOkOKÕ ÅH∆ͺÅ`À 2005Ö’ nxx „áê~°OaèOK≥#∞.

O

886 HÀ@∞¡ 11= „Ѩ}ÏeHõÖ’ =ºÜ«∞O KÕÜ«∞|_≥#∞. NRDWP: QÆ`O « Ö’ L#fl Accelerated Rural Water supply Programme ™ê÷#OÖ’ 2009–10Ö’ GOI nxfl „Ѩ"âÕ Ã◊ Ñ\˜Oì k. =ÚYºOQÍ ã¨∞~°H˜∆`« h~°∞ ÅaèOK«x „áêO`åÖ’¡ ã¨∞~°H˜∆`« =∞iÜ«Ú ã¨iѨ_ç#O`« „`åQÆ∞h~°∞ JOkOK«_»"Õ∞ nx ÅHõ∆ ºO. nxH˜ 100% „QÍO@∞ Åaèã¨∞ÎOk TSC: „QÍg∞} „áêO`åÅÖ’ áêiâ◊√^•úºxfl "≥∞~°∞QÆ∞Ѩˆ~ÛO^Œ∞‰õΩ, |Ç≤Ï~°OQÆ =∞Åqã¨~°˚# x~°∂‡eOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ nxx GOI „áê~°OaèOzOk. lÖÏ¡#∞ XHõ Ü«¸x\òQÍ Ñ¨iQÆ}˜OK≥#∞. O TSC x „Ѩã¨∞Î`«O x~°‡Öò ÉèÏ~°`ü JaèÜ«∂<£QÍ ¿Ñ~°∞ =∂Ô~Û#∞. 1–4–2012 #∞Oz #∂`«# =∂~°æ^Œ~°≈HÍÅ∞ =iΙêÎ~Ú. x~°‡Öò „QÍ=∞ ѨOKå~ÚfÅ∞QÍ =∂~°∞Û@ nxÖ’ ÉèÏQÆ"Õ∞. ♦ BPL ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏʼnõΩ =ºH˜ÎQÆ`« =∞~°∞QÆ∞^˘_»∞¡, QÆ∞iÎOK«|_»¤ APL ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏʼnõΩ ‰õÄ_® =∞~°∞QÆ∞^˘_»¡ ã¨^Œ∞áêÜ«∞O HõeÊOK«∞@. ♦ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi áê~î°âßÅÅ∞, JOQÆ<£"å_ô Éèí=<åÅÖ’ áêiâ◊√^Œúº ã¨^Œ∞áêÜ«∂Å HõÅÊ#. ♦ MGNREGS `À

MDM: ÉÏÅÅ

J#∞ã¨O^è•#O KÕÜ«Ú@

áœ+≤ìHÍǨ~° ™ê÷~Úx "≥∞~°∞QÆ∞Ѩˆ~ÛO^Œ∞‰õΩ, áê~î°âßʼnõΩ „Hõ=∞OQÍ Ç¨[~°ÜÕ∞ºO^Œ∞‰õΩ L^ÕútOK«|_ç#k.

NRHM: IMR, MMR #∞

`«yæOK«∞@, ¢ã‘ÎÅ, Ñ≤Å¡Å P~ÀQͺxfl "≥∞~°∞QÆ∞Ѩ~°∞Û@, "åºÑ≤ÎK≥O^Õ, "åºÑ≤ÎK≥O^Œx "åº^èŒ∞Å#∞ x"åiOK«∞@, „áê^äqŒ ∞Hõ P~ÀQƺ Hˆ O„^•Å#∞ qã¨iÎ OK«∞@, [<åÉèÏ ã≤s÷ Hõ~} ° , AYUSH #∞ „áÈ`«ûÇ≤ÏOK«∞@ "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞ JOâßʼnõΩ „áê^è•#º`«xã¨∂Î nxx „áê~°OaèOK≥#∞.

ICDS: Wk ˆHO„^Œ „Ѩuáêk`« Ѩ^äŒHõO "It is the Single Largest Integrated Programme of the Child Development".

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NSAP:

¿Ñ^ŒÅ‰õΩ Éèí„^Œ`«#∞ HõeÊOKÕ L^Õúâ◊ºO`À ÉèÏ~°`« „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO nxfl 1995 PQÆãπì 15# „áê~°OaèOK≥#∞. Wk ѨÓiÎQÍ ˆHO„^Œ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO x^èŒ∞Å`À #_çKÕ Ñ¨^äŒHõO.

NRLM: SGSY Ѩ^äŒHõO

™ê÷#OÖ’ 2011 E<£ #∞Oz NRLM x „áê~°OaèOK≥#∞. ˆHO„^Œ, ~å¢+¨ì x^èŒ∞Å∞ 75:25

O

„QÍg∞} ¿Ñ^ŒÅ P^•Ü«∂Å#∞ ÃÑOK«∞@ ^•fi~å "åi r=# „Ѩ=∂}Ïxfl ÃÑOK«∞@‰õΩ Wk „Ѩܫ∞uflã¨∞ÎOk.

O

¿Ñ^ŒÅ ™ê=∞~å÷ºÅ#∞ "≥∞~°∞QÆ∞ѨiÛ Pi÷Hõ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∂xfl JOkOK≥#∞. nxH˜ „ѨѨOK« ÉϺOH± Pi÷Hõ ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞O JOkã¨∞ÎOk.

O

^Õâ◊OÖ’ ¿Ñ^ŒiHõ x~°∂‡Å#‰õΩ D Ѩ^äŒHõO ^ÀǨÏ^ŒÑ¨_»∞`«∞Ok.

IAY: SC, ST, "≥∞ÿ<åsìÅ∞, JNNURM: Ѩ@ì}ÏÅÖ’

W`«~°∞ʼnõΩ WO_»¡ x~å‡}ÏʼnõΩ L^ÕútOK«|_ç#k.

J=™ê÷Ѩ<å ã¨^Œ∞áêÜ«∂Å∞, ¿ã=Å∞ JOkOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ L^ÕútOK«|_ç#k. nxÖ’†

a) Urban Infrastructure and Governance (UIG) b) BSUP c) Urban Infrastructure and Development Scheme for Small and Medium Towns (UIDSSMT) d) IHSDP Å∞ J=∞ÅѨ~°Û|_»∞`«∞<åfl~Ú. PMGSY: Wk

100âß`«O ˆHO„^Œ „Ѩuáêk`« Ѩ^äŒHõO. 2000–01Ö’ (2000 _çÃãO|~ü 25) „áê~°OaèOK«|_≥#∞.

SSA: 6–14

ã¨OIIÅ =∞^茺QÆÅ ÉÏÅʼnõΩ „ѨÜ≥∂[<å`«‡Hõ „áê^äŒq∞Hõ q^Œº#∞ JOkOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ 2001–02Ö’ „áê~°OaèOK≥#∞. áê~î°âßÅ x~°fiǨÏ}Ö’ Hõ=¸ºx\©Å ÉèÏQÆ™êfi=∞ºO ^•fi~å ™êOѶ≤∞Hõ, „áêOfÜ«∞, eOQÆ JO`«~åÅ∞ `˘ÅyOK«∞@ nx L^Õúâ◊ºO.

BRGF:

QÆ`«OÖ’ L#fl ~å¢+‘ìÜ«∞ ã¨=∞qHÍ㨠Ü≥∂[# (RSVY) „Ѩã¨∞Î`«O "≥#∞Hõ|_ç# „áêO`åÅ „QÍO\ò xkè (BRGF) QÍ Ñ≤Å∞=|_»∞`«∞Ok. =º=™êÜ«∞~°OQÆOÖ’ JÅÊ L`åÊ^ŒHõ`«, x~°∞^Àºy`«, Éè∫uHõ, ™êOѶ≤∞Hõ J=™ê÷Ѩ<å ã¨^Œ∞áêÜ«∂Ö’¡ JO`«~åÅ∞ "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞ JOâßÅÖ’ „áêOfÜ«∞ Jã¨=∞`ÒÖϺxfl `˘ÅyOK«∞@‰õΩ L^ÕútOz#k. 11= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞, =ºÜ«∞O D q^èŒOQÍ L<åfl~Ú. ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ (~°∂.HÀ@¡Ö’) =ºÜ«∞O (~°∂.HÀ@¡Ö’) 2007–08 30,500.00 27,170.79 2008–09 44,000.00 30,617.69 2009–10 33,496.75 29,390.97 2010–11 36,800.00 31,576.36 2011–12 43,000.00 39,265 1,87,796.75 HÀ@∞¡ 1,58,020.86 HÀ@∞¡ 84.14% ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅÖ’ =ºÜ«∞âß`«O <À\ò : `≥Å∞QÆ∞ JHÍ_»g∞ „ѨHÍ~°O 2011 _çÃãO|~ü <å\˜H˜ 11= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ [iy# =ºÜ«∞O 1,43,879 HÀ@∞¡ ("åã¨Î= ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÖ’¡ 76.61%)

ZHÍ#q∞

120

z~°Orq

12= ѨOK«=~°¬ „Ѩ}ÏoHõ O

12= ѨOK«=~°¬ „Ѩ}ÏoHõ#∞ 2012 U„Ñ≤Öò 1 #∞Oz „áê~°OaèOK«_»O [iyOk. D „Ѩ}ÏoHõ ÅHõ∆ ºO ''"ÕQÆOQÍ ã¨∞ã≤÷~°"≥∞ÿ# =∞iO`« ã¨OѶ¨∞\˜`« =$kú—— (Faster, Sustainable and More Inclusive Growth) D „Ѩ}ÏoHõ ÅH∆ͺÅ#∞ Y~å~°∞ KÕÜ«∞_®xH˜ „Ѩ^è•x P^èŒfi~°ºOÖ’ ѨÓiΙê÷~Ú „Ѩ}ÏoHÍã¨OѶ¨∞O ã¨=∂"Õâ◊O #∂º_èçb¡Ö’ [iyOk.

O

"åi¬Hõ =$kúˆ~@∞ „Ѩã¨∞Î`«O 11= ѨOK«=~°¬ „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ HÍÅOÖ’ 8.2 âß`«OQÍ LOk. Wk xˆ~útOK«∞‰õΩ#fl 9% HõO>Ë `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ LOk. D <ÕѨ^䌺OÖ’ =KÕÛ „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ nxx 9 #∞Oz 9.5%xH˜ Hõ$+≤ KÕÜ«∂e. x~°O`«~° =$kú H˘#™êˆQÖÏ K«∂_®e. „^Œ=ºÖ’@∞#∞ JiHõ\Ïìe. #∂\˜H˜ #∂~°∞âß`«O JHõ∆~å㨺`« ™êkèOKåÅx =ÚYºOQÍ =Ü≥∂[#∞ÅO^Œ~°∂ q^•º=O`«∞ÅÜÕ∞ºÖÏ, =∂^躌 q∞Hõ q^Œº#∞ ™ê~°fi„uHõO KÕÜ∞« _»O ^•fi~å 2017 ã¨O=`«û~°O HõÖÏ¡ L#fl`« q^ŒºÖ’ "≥Ú`«OÎ Z<£~ÀÖò"∞≥ O\ò x+¨ÊuÎ 20âß`åxH˜ ÃÑiˆQÖÏ K«∂_®e. „Ѩ*Ï~ÀQƺOÃÑ· KÕã¨∞Î#fl =ºÜ«∂xfl ã¨∂÷Å ^ÕjÜ«∞ L`«ÊuÎ (GDP) Ö’ 1.3 âß`«O #∞Oz 2 – 2.5 âß`åxH˜ ÃÑOKÕÖÏ Hõ$+≤ KÕÜ«∂e. `«Ü«∂s ~°OQÆO =$kúˆ~@∞ 11 #∞Oz 12 âß`«O LO_ÕÖÏ K«~°ºÅ∞ KÕѨ\Ïìe. =º=™êÜ«∞ ~°OQÆOÖ’ =$kúˆ~@∞ 4âß`åxH˜ `«QÆæ ‰õΩO_® K«∂_®e.

PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’ 12= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ 12= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ `«Ü«∂sH˜ 10 =i¯OQ∑ „QÆ∂ÑπûQÍ q_çáÈ~Ú (=º=™êÜ«∞O, Ѩi„â◊=∞Å∞, ¿ã=Å ~°OQÍÅ`À) CESS =^ŒÌ 12= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ#∞ ã≤^ŒúO KÕã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. O

*ÏfÜ«∞ ™ê÷~ÚÖ’ 25 Monatorible Targets x QÆ∞iÎOK«QÍ ~å¢+¨ìO 50 Monitorible Indicators x QÆ∞iÎOzOk.

O

56= NDC ã¨=∂"Õâ◊OÖ’ =º=™êÜ«∞~°OQÍxH˜ „áê^è•#º`« W"åfiÅx, q^Œ∞º`ü‰õΩ ã¨aû_ôx JOkOKåÅx =º=™êÜ«∞ L`åÊ^ŒHÍÅ∞, Ѩ~°Ñ¨uH˜ „áê^è•#º`« W"åfiÅx ¿Ñ~˘¯<≥#∞.

ÅH∆ͺÅ∞: ã¨OˆH∆=∞ Ѩ^äŒHÍÅ∞ J=∞Å∞ Ѩ~°∞Û@, q`«Î „Hõ=∞tHõ∆} =O\˜ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂Å =Å¡ ~å¢+¨ìO 1. =º=™êÜ«∞O 2. Ѩi„â◊=∞Å∞ 3. ¿ã=Å∞ 4.

O O O

O

GSDP

X

XI

XII

4 10.2 9.5 8.2

5.3 7.3 9.8 8.2

6 10.5 11.5 10

12= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ GSDP =$kúˆ~@∞ 10% ™êkèOKåÅ<Õ ÅHõ∆ ºOQÍ ÃÑ@∞ìH˘<≥#∞. Ü«Ú=`«Ö’ <≥·Ñ¨Ù}Ϻxfl Jaè=$kú KÕÜ«Ú@ ^•fi~å x~°∞^Àºy`«#∞ `«yæOz ¿Ñ^ŒiHÍxfl x~°∂‡eOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO „Ѩܫ∞uflã¨∞ÎOk. 12= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ ã¨OIIÖ’ Core ~°OQÍÅ∞QÍ =º=™êÜ«∞O, Ѩâ◊√ã¨OѨ^Œ, KÕѨŠÃÑOѨHõO, Horticulture Ѩi„â◊=∞Å∞, IT, Ѩ~åº@Hõ ~°OQÆO, Ü«Ú=[# ¿ã=Å∞, "≥∞ÿ<åsìÅ ã¨OˆH∆=∂Å#∞ QÆ∞iÎOz JkèHõ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ KÕÃã#∞. ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ JѨiq∞`« „âßq∞Hõ â◊H˜Î QÆÅ^Œ∞. gi <≥·Ñ¨Ù}Ϻxfl Jaè=$kú KÕÜ«Ú@ ^•fi~å "Demographic Dividend" `«^•fi~å =$kúx ÃÑOK«∞HÀ"åÅ<Õ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO ÉèÏq™ÈÎOk. nxÔH· A) q^Œº, P~ÀQƺO, <≥·Ñ¨Ù}ϺÅ#∞ JkèHõ ™ê÷~ÚÖ’ ™êkèOKåe B) Láêkè qã¨Î~°}`Àáê@∞, Láêkè <å}º`«#∞ ÃÑOKåe. GSDP =$kúˆ~@∞ 10% ™êkèOKåÅO>Ë =º=™êÜ«∞O, QÆ#∞Å∞, Registered Manufacturing, x~å‡}O, ¿ã=ÅÖ’ =$kú LO_®e. =º=™êÜ«∞=$kú J<Õk ã¨q∞‡o`åxH˜ ^ÀǨÏ^ŒÑ¨_»∞`«∞Ok.

ZHÍ#q∞

121

z~°Orq

J`«ºkèHõ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙ: 12= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ ~å¢+¨ìO 3,42,842 HÀ@¡`À Jxfl ~å¢ëêìÅÖ’#∂ JkèHõ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ`À =ÚO^ŒO[Ö’ LOk. Jxfl ~å¢ëêìÅ „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÖ’¡ Z.Ñ≤. 9.2% "å\Ïx Hõeæ =ÙOk. =ӺǨÏO:

"Faster more broad based, Sustainable and more Inclusive" J<Õ

JOâßxH˜ JkèHõ „áê^è•#º`« WK≥Û#∞.

D „H˜Ok „áê^è•#º`«Å∞, =ӺǨÅ∞ 12th PlanÖ’ xˆ~útOK«|_ç#q. ¿Ñ^ŒiHõO–`«yæOѨÙ: 2009–10Ö’ ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ „QÍg∞} ¿Ñ^ŒiHõO „Ѩ`ÕºHõOQÍ K≥ѨÙÊHÀ^Œy# q^èŒOQÍ `«yæ#k. 2004–05Ö’ 29.6% QÍ L#fl ¿Ñ^ŒiHõO 2009–10 <å\˜H˜ 21.1%H˜ `«yæ#k. (^Õâ◊OÖ’ 37 #∞Oz 29.8% xH˜ `«ÔQæ#∞.) ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ ¿Ñk~°Hõ âß`«O `«QÆ∞æ@ÜÕ∞ HÍHõ ¿Ñ^ŒÅ ã¨OYº ‰õÄ_® `«ÔQæ#∞. =º=™êÜ«∞O J#∞|O^èŒ~°OQÍÅ∞   h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ, „QÍg∞}Ïaè=$kú: D „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ =º=™êÜ«∞=Ú, Horticulture, KÕѨŠÃÑOѨHõO, PǨ~À`«Ê`«∞ÎÅ „Ѩ„H˜Ü«∞ =∂Ô~¯\˜OQ∑ "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞ ~°OQÍÅ#∞ |Ö’¿Ñ`«O KÕ¿ãO^Œ∞‰õΩ Agriculture Technology Mission (ATM) H˜ „áê^è•#º`« WK≥Û#∞. O O

O O O O

SRI (System of Rice Intensification)

q^è•#O ^•fi~å 2016–17 <å\˜H˜ 10 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ Éèí∂q∞x ¿ã^ŒºOÖ’H˜ fã¨∞‰õΩ~å"åe. =~å¬ÉèÏ= „áêO`åÅÖ’ =º=™êÜ«∞OÖ’ "≥·q^蕺xfl fã¨∞H˘zÛ JkèHõ qÅ∞=QÆey# ѨO@ʼnõΩ „áê^è•#º`« W"åfie. 11= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ QÆi+¨ìOQÍ 204 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ∞ PǨ~°^è•<åºÅ∞ (2008–09Ö’) L`«ÊuÎ HÍ|_≥#∞. JO^Œ∞KÕ 12= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ QÆi+¨ìOQÍ 300 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ∞ (47% ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞^ŒÅ) ™ê÷~ÚH˜ KÕ~åÅx ÅHõ∆ºOQÍ xˆ~útOK«_»O [iyOk. „Ѩã¨∞Î`«O L#fl aÜ«∞ºO L`«ÊuÎ 131.3 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ #∞O_ç 12= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ 216 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flʼnõΩ ÃÑOKåe. 12= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ 24 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flʼnõΩ ѨѨC^è•<åºÅ L`«ÊuÎ KÕ~åe. („Ѩã¨∞Î`«O 19.7% ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ∞ LOk) "≥ÚHõ¯*Á#fl L`«ÊuÎ 51 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flʼnõΩ KÕ~åe („Ѩã¨∞Î`«O 37.5 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ∞ HõÅ^Œ∞) 12= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ z=i <å\˜H˜ 18.8 ÅHõ∆Å H˜fiO\Ïà◊§ q`«Î<åÅ∞ ã¨aû_ôÃÑ· JOkOK«QÆÅQÍe. ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ ѨO@ L`åÊ^ŒHõ`« `«‰õΩ¯= LO_»\ÏxH˜ HÍ~°}O ã¨∂Hõ∆ ‡ áÈ+¨HÍÅ∞ H˘~°`«QÍ LO_»_»O ‰õÄ_®. (lOH±, ã¨ÅÊù~ü, Fe, Mn H˘~°`« HõÅ^Œ∞)

O

=_ô¤ÖËx ~°∞}ÏÅ∞ Ѩ^äŒHÍxfl "≥∞~°∞QÆ∞Ѩ~°Kåe. (áê=ÖÏ =_ô¤ ™ê÷#OÖ’ nxfl „Ѩ"Õâ◊ÃÑ\˜ìi)

O

~å¢+¨ì „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO ÉèÏ~°`« „ѨÉèí∞`åfixfl Ô~·`«∞ʼnõΩ =_ô¤ ã¨aû_ôx W=fi=∞x HÀ~°∞`«∞Ok.

O

25 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ∞ ™ê=∞~°÷º=Ú QÆÅ (Scientific Storage Space) y_»¤Oy ã¨^Œ∞áêÜ«∂Å#∞ U~åÊ@∞ KÕÜ«∂e. `«^•fi~å „Ñ¨ã¨∞Î`«=Ú#fl 35% ѨO@ #ëêìxfl 25%xH˜ `«yæOKåe.

O

12= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ j`«Å y_»¤OQÆ∞Å#∞ ‰õÄ_® U~åÊ@∞ KÕÜ«∂e.

O

PPP

O

~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ „Ѩf lÖÏ¡Ö’ Mega Food Park x U~åÊ@∞ KÕÜ«∂e.

O

ÉèÏ~°`« „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO |Ǩïà◊ „ÉÏO_£ i>ˇÿÖò "åºáê~°OÖ’ FDI Å#∞ J#∞=∞uOzOk. Wk ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ #∂`«# ™êOˆHuHõ Ѩi*Ï˝#O `Õ=_»OÖ’#∂, ÃÑ@∞ì|_»∞Å ÃÑOѨÙÖ’#∂ `À_»Ê_»∞#∞.

O

11= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ KÕѨŠÃÑOѨHõO =∞Oz ™ê=∞~å÷ºxfl Hõ#|iÛOk („Ѩã¨∞Î`«O 16.5 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ∞ KÕѨŠL`«ÊuÎ J=Ù`«∞<åfl~Ú). „Ѩ}ÏoHõO`åxH˜ 22.5 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ KÕѨŠL`«ÊuÎ LO_»QÆÅ^Œx JOK«<å.

O

KÕѨŠL`«ÊuÎÖ’ 75% Inland (ã¨=Ú„^ŒOÖ’ H͉õΩO_®) KÕѨŠL`«ÊuÎ ^•fi~å [iˆQ^Õ (#^Œ∞Å∞).

ZHÍ#q∞

Ö’ QÀ_Ò#∞¡ x~å‡}ÏxH˜ „ÃÑ·"Õ\ò ~°OQÍxfl PǨfixOKå~°∞.

122

z~°Orq

O

~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ 5 ÅHõ∆Å ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏʼnõΩÃÑ·QÍ D ~°OQÆOÖ’<Õ P^è•~°Ñ¨_»∞`«∞<åfl~°∞. 15ÅHõ∆Å =∞OkH˜ Wk r=<å^è•~°OQÍ LOk.

O

12= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ Ѩâ◊√ã¨OѨ^Œ „Ѩ^è•# Éèí∂q∞Hõ áÈ+≤OK«#∞Ok. „Ѩã¨∞Î`«O áêÅ L`«ÊuÎÖ’ ~å¢+¨ìO Ô~O_»= ™ê÷#OÖ’ LOk (1.20 ÅHõ∆Å "≥∞„\˜H± @#∞flÅ L`«ÊuÎ). State Milk Mission ^•fi~å áêÅ L`«ÊuÎx Ô~\˜ìOѨ٠KÕã≤ Ô~·`«∞Å P^•Ü«∂xfl ÃÑOKåÅx x~°~‚ ÚOK≥#∞.

O

12= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ 1.2 ÅHõ∆Å HÀ@¡ JOK«<å`À 78.9 ÅHõ∆Å ZHõ~åʼnõΩ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ ã¨^Œ∞áêÜ«∂xfl HõeÊOKåÅx xˆ~útOzi.

O

12= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ 2 ã¨OIIÅÖ’ 50 „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ#∞ ѨÓiÎ KÕÜ«∂Åx `«^•fi~å 30 ÅHõ∆Å ZHõ~åʼnõΩ h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ#OkOKåÅx ÉèÏqOK≥#∞.

O

~å¢+ì¨ „ѨÉ∞íè `«fiO 2011, #=O|~üÖ’ 'WOk~° [ńѨÉèí— HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂xfl „áê~°OaèOK≥#∞. SC, ST ¿Ñ^Œ‰Ωõ @∞OÉÏʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# 10 ÅHõ∆Å ZHõ~åÅ ¿ã^ŒºOHÍx Éèí∂q∞H˜ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ HõeÊOz ¿ã^ŒºÜ≥∂QƺOQÍ =∂ˆ~ÛO^Œ∞‰õΩ Wk L^ÕÌtOK«|_ç#k. nxÖ’ 395 HÀ@∞¡ =ºÜ«∞O KÕÜ«∂Åx JOK«<å.

O

=∞Ç≤Ïà◊ÅÖ’ Pi÷Hõ ™êkèHÍ~°`«ÔH· JÉèíÜ«∞ǨÏã¨ÎO, P"£∞ Pn‡ cè=∂Ü≥∂[#, [#N cè=∂Ü≥∂[# =O\˜ Ѩ^äŒHÍÅ#∞ „áê~°OaèOz ã¨fiÜ«∞O ã¨Ç¨Ü«∞Hõ |$O^•Å ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ‰õΩ ™êOѶ≤∞Hõ Éèí„^Œ`«x HõeÊOKåÅx xˆ~útOK≥#∞.

O

12= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ „QÍg∞}Ïaè=$kúH˜ 14 "ÕÅ HÀ@∞¡ JOK«<å "ÕÃã#∞.

O

~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ Jxfl ~°HÍÅ ~À_»∞¡ HõÅÑ≤ 2.15 ÅHõ∆Å H˜IIg∞II nxÖ’ ѨOKå~Úf ~À_»∞¡ 1.44ÅHõ∆Å H˜IIg∞II, q∞ye# 0.71ÅHõ∆Å H˜IIg∞II R & B qÉèÏQÍxH˜ K≥Ok#q (Roads & Buildings)

Energy: O

~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ q^Œ∞º`ü â◊H˜Î H˘~°`«QÍ L#flѨÊ\˜H© 32 ÅHõ∆ŠѨOѨÙÃã@¡‰õΩ q^Œ∞º`ü#Okã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞.

AP GENCO J^Œ#OQÍ 2,200 "≥∞QÍ"å@¡ q^Œ∞º`ü#∞ L`«ÊuÎ KÕ¿ãO^Œ∞‰õΩ „Ѩܫ∞uflã¨∞ÎOk. (HÍHõfÜ«∞ ^äŒ~°‡Öò Power Station,

„H˜+¨‚Ѩ@flO ^äŒ~°‡Öò Power StationÅ ^•fi~å) O

™œ~° q^Œ∞º`ü#∞ѨÜ≥∂yOK«∞‰õΩ<ÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ A.P. Solar Power Policy –2012#∞ „ѨH\õ O˜ K≥#∞. 1000 "≥∞QÍ"å@¡ ™œ~°q^Œ∞º`ü#∞ _ç㨯OÅ ^•fi~å H˘<ÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ „Ѩܫ∞uflã¨∞ÎOk.

Ѩi„â◊=∞Å∞: ~å¢+¨ìO |Å"≥∞ÿ# áêi„âßq∞Hõ ѨÙ<åk`À 28.26 ÅHõ∆Å =∞OkH˜ Láêkè#Okã¨∞ÎOk. (ÉèÏs, =∞iÜ«Ú

MSME (Micro

Small Medium Enterprises)) O

MSME Å∞

O

12= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ =¢™êÎÅ∞, x~å‡}O, Ѩ~åº@Hõ ~°OQÆO, P~ÀQƺ ã¨O~°Hõ∆}, Láêkè J=HÍâßÅ∞ HõeÊOKåÅx ÉèÏqã¨∞ÎOk.

O

<≥·Ñ¨Ù}ϺŠJaè=$kú ^•fi~å Manufacturing ~°OQÆOÖ’ Z‰õΩ¯==∞OkH˜ Láêkè HõeÊOKåÅx ÉèÏqã¨∞ÎOk.

JOkOKÕ Láêkè, ÉèÏs Ѩi„â◊=∞ÅOkOKÕ Láêkè HõO>Ë 10 Ô~@∞¡ Z‰õΩ¯=. IT

~°OQÍÅÖ’ 3.70 q∞eÜ«∞#¡ =∞OkH˜ J^Œ#ѨÙ

I.T. ~°OQÆO: I.T. ~°OQÍxH˜ ~å¢+¨ìO „áÈ`åûǨÏHÍ~° Ѩiã≤÷`«∞Å∞ HõeÊã¨∞ÎOk. ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ I.T.I.R (Information Technology Investment Region) x

Jaè=$kú KÕÜ«Ú@ ^•fi~å I.T.Jaè=$kúH˜ „áÈ`åûǨÏHÍxfl Wã¨∞ÎOk.

O

~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ I.T.   I.T.E.S. (Enabled Services) „Ѩ`«ºHõ∆OQÍ 3.19 ÅHõ∆Å =∞OkH˜ Láêkè#Okã¨∞Î#flq.

O

~å¢+¨ì ZQÆ∞=∞`«∞ÅÖ’ I.T. ZQÆ∞=∞`«∞Å "å\Ï 39%.

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~å¢+¨ì „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO Me-Seva ÖÏO\˜ áœ~°¿ã= ˆHO„^•Å#∞ U~åÊ@∞ KÕÃã#∞. Wk „áê~°OÉèíO J~Ú#ѨÊ\˜ #∞Oz, nx ^•fi~å =º=Ǩ~åÅ∞ HÀ\˜ÃÑ·QÍ ™êy#q.

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72,388 P"å™êÅÖ’ 17,318 P"å™êʼnõΩ `«Åã¨i ~ÀA‰õΩ 55 b@~°¡ `åQÆ∞h~°∞ JOkã¨∞ÎO_»QÍ (55 LPCD - Leter Per Capita Per Day) 40,276 P"å™êʼnõΩ áêH˜∆HõOQÍ#∂ ã¨∞~°H˜∆`« =∞Ozh\˜x JOkOK«|_ç#q. q∞ye# P"å™êʼnõΩ (áêH˜∆HõOQÍ =∞Ozh~°∞ á⁄Ok# P"å™êÅ∞) D „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ ã¨∞~°H˜∆`« `åQÆ∞h~°∞ ¿ã=Å#OkOKåe.

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11

2007–12

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1,87,796

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10 = „Ñ}¨ ÏoHõ 5.16

11 = „Ñ}¨ ÏoHõ 4.24

2.

„QÍg∞}Ïaè=$kú

9.07

7.39

6.75

1.90

5.64

8.44

7.19

4.75

9.87

8.13

3.

h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ

36.44

35.32

27.84

31.58

26.80

24.23

25.50

19.23

23.27

39.80

4.

q^Œ∞º`ü

21.42

26.56

42.46

37.18

23.04

17.20

26.72

29.33

15.34

1.05

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5.64

4.31

3.28

3.56

6.21

4.76

3.98

2.59

3.98

1.69

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5.29

4.82

6.44

8.70

6.81

10.20

12.39

12.83

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18.74

15.18

12.42

11.80

27.29

29.17

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20.86

26.49

35.50

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ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ#∞ Ѩije¿ãΆ ♦

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♦

2,3,6,8,10 11 „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’¡ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅÃÑ· JkèHõ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ KÕÜ«∞|_®¤~Ú.

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♦

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♦

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♦

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1 #∞O_ç 11= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ =~°‰õÄ q^Œ∞º`ü, h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ, ™ê=∂lHõ ¿ã=ÖË `˘e '3— ™ê÷<åÖ’¡ HõÅ=Ù.

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Ѩi„â◊=∞Å∞, QÆ#∞ʼnõΩ KÕã≤# ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ ˆH=ÅO <å=∞=∂„`«OQÍ<Õ LOk. qq^èŒ „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ HÍÖÏÖ’¡ ÃÇÏK«∞Û`«QÆ∞æÅ∞ K≥O^•~Ú. ~å¢+¨ì „Ѩ}ÏoHõÅÖ’ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ ~°OQÍxH˜ J`«ºkèHõ „áê^è•#º`« W=fi_»O [iyOk. „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙÖ’¡ ã¨∞=∂~°∞ ã¨QÆÉèÏQÆO h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ ~°OQÍxH˜ ˆH\Ï~ÚOK≥#∞. D <ÕѨ^䌺OÖ’ =∞# ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ HõÅÊ# qxÜ≥∂QÆOÖ’ <≥ÅH˘#fl ^èÀ~°}˜ WÖÏ LOk.

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1 #∞Oz 11 „Ѩ}ÏoHõÅ HÍÅOÖ’†

10= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ<å\˜H˜

11= „Ѩ}ÏoHõ <å\˜H˜ (2011 _çÃãO|~ü)

ÉèÏs =∞^茺`«~°Ç¨ h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ ^•fi~å

35.19 LH

43.091 ÅIIÃÇÏHÍì~°¡‰õΩ,

z#fl `«~°Ç¨ h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ =#~°∞Å ^•fi~å

19.97 LH

21.838 ÅIIÃÇÏHÍì~°¡‰õΩ,

"≥Ú`«ÎO h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ HõÅÊ#

55.17 LH

64.93 ÅIIÃÇÏII‰õΩ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ HõeÊOK≥#∞.

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h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ qxÜ≥∂QÍxfl Ѩije¿ãΆ ÉèÏs =∞^茺`«~°Ç¨ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ qxÜ≥∂QÆO 31.958 LH 36.718 ÅIIÃÇÏII z#fl h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ qxÜ≥∂QÆO 19.942 LH 21.587 ÅIIÃÇÏII "≥Ú`«ÎO h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ qxÜ≥∂QÆO 51.90 LH 58.305 ÅIIÃÇÏII QÆ`« 10 „Ѩ}ÏoHõÅ HÍÅOÖ’#∂ "≥Ú`«ÎO h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ HõÅÊ# 55.171 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡‰õΩ HõeÊOK«|_çOk. JO^Œ∞Ö’ 35.194 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡Ö’ ÉèÏs =∞^茺`«~°Ç¨ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ =Å¡ HõeÊOK«|_»QÍ, 19.977 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡‰õΩ qq^èŒ z#fl `«~°Ç¨ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ =#~°∞Å ^•fi~å HõeÊOK«_»O [iyOk. h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ qxÜ≥∂QÍxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz 51.900 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡‰õΩ =∂„`«"Õ∞ h\˜ qxÜ≥∂QÆO [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. JO>Ë 4,00,000 ÃÇÏHÍì~‰¡° Ωõ ÃÑQ· Í Hõey=Ù#fl h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ =#~°∞Å#∞ qxÜ≥∂QÆO KÕã∞¨ HÀÖËHáõ ÈÜ«∂O. JO^Œ∞Ö’ Z‰õΩ¯= ÉèÏQÆO ÉèÏs h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ =#~°∞Å∞.

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=∞# ~å„+¨Oì Ö’ ÉèÏs =∞^躌 `«~Ç° ¨ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ =#~°∞Å HõO>Ë z#fl`«~Ç° ¨ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ =#~°∞Å#∞ Z‰õΩ¯= "Õ∞~°‰Ωõ =º=™êÜ«∞^•~°∞Å∞ qxÜ≥∂yOK«∞‰õΩO@∞<åfl~°x `≥Å∞ã¨∞ÎOk. 10= „Ѩ}ÏoHõÖ’ 5.77 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡‰õΩ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ HõeÊOK«QÍ, 4.466 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡‰õΩ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ qxÜ≥∂yOK«_»"≥∞ÿ#k.

„Ѩ}ÏoHÍ =$kú ÅH∆ͺÅ∞– "åã¨Î= =$kú: „Ѩ}ÏoHõ I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI

=$kú ÅHõ∆ ºO 2.1% 4.5% 5.6% 5.7% 4.4% 5.2% 5.0% 5.6% 6.5% 6.8% 9.5%

(Source: `≥Å∞QÆ∞

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The Theory of Economic Growth. Agrarian Reforms in India Seeds of Change, the green revolution and development in 1970's Preasant Movement and Struggles Economic and Social Effects of jagirdari Abolition and land reforms in Hyd. Telangana People's Struggles and It's lesson. Peasant and State in Modern Andhra history The modern Indian Peasant

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1966Ö’ JkèHõ kQÆ∞|_»∞Å∞ WKÕÛ q`«Î<åÅ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂xfl High Yield Variety Programme (HYVP) „áê~°OaèOK≥#∞. nx =Å¡ =º=™êÜ«∞ L`«ÊuΠѶ¨∞#OQÍ ÃÑiyOk. Éèí∂ ã¨O㨯~°}Å „áê^äŒq∞Hõ ÅH∆ͺÅÖ’ XHõ\ ˜ =º=™êÜ«∞ L`«ÊuÎx ÃÑOK«∞@. JO>Ë =º=™êÜ«∞ L`«ÊuÎ ÃÑ~°QÆ_»O`À Éèí∂ ã¨O㨯~°}Å P=â◊ºHõ`« `«yæOk. ǨÏi`« qѨ¡=O H˘xfl „áêO`åʼnõΩ, H˘xfl ѨO@ʼnõΩ Ѩiq∞`«=∞Ü≥∞º#∞. ǨÏi`« qѨ¡=O =Å¡ =º=™êÜ«∞O ÃÑ@∞ì|_ç^•s =º=™êÜ«∞OQÍ =∂iáÈÜ≥∞#∞. nO`À ÃÑ^ŒÌ Éèí∂™êfi=ÚÅ∞, ^èŒxHõ=~°æO "å~°∞ ÉèÏsQÍ ÃÑ@∞ì|_ç ÃÑ\˜ì nx #∞O_ç ÖÏÉèíO á⁄O^≥#∞. Ѷ¨e`«OQÍ P^•Ü«∞ Jã¨=∂#`«Å∞ f„=`«~°"≥∞ÿ#q. P^èŒ∞xHõ Ѩ^Œú`«∞ÅÖ’ =º=™êÜ«∞O KÕÜ«∞_»O J<Õk JkèHõ Y~°∞Û`À ‰õÄ_»∞H˘x LO_»_»O`À Jk Pi÷Hõ ™È÷=∞`« ÖËx H“Å∞^•~°∞ʼnõΩ ™ê^茺O HÍÖË^Œ∞. ǨÏi`« qѨ=¡ O =Å¡ ã¨Q@Æ ∞ L`åÊ^ŒH`õ ,« P^•Ü«∞O ÃÑ~°Q_Æ O» `À ™⁄O`« =º=™êÜ«∞O KÕã∞¨ ‰õΩx xHõ~° P^•Ü«∞O ÃÑOK«∞HÀ=K«Û<Õ L^ÕâÌ º◊ O`À Éè∂í ™êfi=ÚÅ∞ H“Å∞^•~°∞Å#∞ Éè∂í q∞Ö’Oz QÔ O\˜ "ÕÜ∞« _»O ™ê^è•~°}"≥∞#ÿ k. nO`À H“Å∞^•~°∞Å∞ =º=™êÜ«∞ ‰õÄbÅ∞QÍ =∂~°∞`«∞<åfl~°∞. Éèí∂™êfiq∞ ǨÏi`« qѨ¡=O =Å¡ H“Å∞ Ѩi=∂}Ïxfl ‰õÄ_® ÃÑOK≥#∞. Éèí∂q∞x XHõi #∞Oz WOH˘HõiH˜ =∂~°Û_»O ‰õÄ_® ™ê=∂#º q+¨Ü«∞"≥∞ÿ#k. ǨÏi`« qѨ¡=O =Å¡ H“Å∞^•~°∞Å∞ =º=™êÜ«∞ ‰õÄbÅ∞QÍ =∂~°_»"Õ∞ HÍHõ LáêO`« Ô~·`«∞Å∞, z#fl Ô~·`«∞Å∞ #∂`«# =º=™êÜ«∞O =Å¡ áÈ\©H˜ `«@∞ìHÀÖËHõ D JkèHõ Y~°∞Û#∞ ÉèíiOK«ÖËHõ `«=∞ Éèí∂=ÚÅ#∞ H“Å∞‰õΩ ÃÑ^ŒÌ Éèí∂™êfi=ÚʼnõΩ JѨÊyOz `å=Ú =º=™êÜ«∞ ‰õÄbÅ∞QÍ =∂iáÈ`«∞<åfl~°∞. ǨÏi`« qѨ¡=O =Å¡ ÖÏÉèÏÅ∞ Éèí∂™êfi=ÚňH ÅÉèíºO HÍ=_»O =Å¡ ÃÑ^ŒÌ Éèí∂™êfi=ÚʼnõΩ z#fl Ô~·`«∞ʼnõΩ =∞^茺, ÃÑ^ŒÌ Éèí∂™êfi=ÚʼnõΩ H“Å∞^•~°¡‰õΩ =∞^茺, ÃÑ^ŒÌÉèí∂™êfi=ÚʼnõΩ =º=™êÜ«∞ ‰õÄbʼnõΩ =∞^茺 JO`«~°O ÃÑiy#k. =∞~À"≥·Ñ¨Ù PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅ ^èŒ~°Å∞ ÃÑ~°QÆ_»O`À ^•xH˜ J#∞QÆ∞}OQÍ =º=™êÜ«∞ ‰õÄbÅ "åã¨Î= "Õ`«<åÅ∞ ÃÑ~°QÆÖË^Œ∞. nO`À ÃÇÏK«∞Û "Õ`«<åÅ H˘~°‰õΩ =º=™êÜ«∞ ‰õÄbÅ∞ _ç=∂O_£ KÕÜ«∞_»O "≥Ú^ŒÅ∞ ÃÑ\Ïì~°∞. H“Å∞ ÃÑOK«_»O =Å¡, H“Å∞ Éèí∂=ÚÅ #∞O_ç ÔQO\˜"ÕÜ«∞_»O =Å¡, H“Å∞^•~°∞ÅÖ’ Jã¨O`«$Ñ≤Î ÃÑiÔQ#∞. JѨÊ\˜ ˆHO„^Œ ǨϟO=∞O„u "≥·.q.K«"å<£ ™ê=∂lHõ <åºÜ«∞OÃÑ· P^è•~°Ñ¨_ç# ǨÏi`« qѨ¡=O U~°Ê_»HõáÈ`Õ D ѨK«Ûx qѨ¡=O ZO`«=∂„`«O ѨK«ÛQÍ LO_»É’^Œx ÉèíÜ«∂O^Àà◊#Å∞ =ºHõÎѨ~°K≥#∞. ѨO@ ѨO_çOKÕ H“Å∞^•~°∞ʼnõΩ ÃÑ^ŒÌ "≥Ú`«ÎOQÍ "≥à◊¡Q˘@ì_»O PÑ≤"ÕÜ«∞HõáÈ`Õ Ç¨Ïi`« qѨ¡=O Z„~°QÍ =∂ˆ~ J=HÍâ◊O LO^Œx Lade Jinsky ÃÇÏK«ÛiOK≥#∞. „QÍg∞} „áêO`åÅÖ’ qq^èŒ =~åæÅÖ’ L#fl JâßOux `«yæOz P^•Ü«∞ Jã¨=∂#`«Å#∞ `«yæOz Éèí∂Hõ=∞`åÅÃÑ· QÆi+¨ì Ѩiq∞ux H˘`«ÎQÍ x~°‚~ÚOz q∞QÆ∞Å∞ Éèí∂q∞x ¿Ñ^ŒÅ‰õΩ ѨÙ#ó ѨOÑ≤}© KÕÜ«∞=Åã≤# J=ã¨~°O U~°Ê_çOk. 2. ~å[H©Ü«∞ HÍ~°}ÏÅ∞ 1948Ö’ ‰õΩ=∞~°Ñ¨Ê Hõq∞\© ã¨∂K«#Å∞ =∞^茺=~°∞ÎÅ `˘ÅyOѨÙ#‰õΩ =∂„`«"Õ∞ Ѩiq∞`«=∞Ü≥∞º#∞. ^Œ∞<Õfl"å_çH˜ Éèí∂q∞ J<Õ x<å^ŒO ÃÑ_»^À= Ѩ\ ˜ìOk. 1952, 57 ZxflHõÅÖ’ Hõ=¸ºxã¨∞ìÅ „áê|ÖϺxfl `«yæOK«_®xH˜ qѨ¡"å`«‡Hõ"≥∞ÿ# K«\ÏìÅ∞ fã¨∞H˘zÛ#ѨÊ\˜H© Éèí∂™êfi=∞º =~åæÅ#∞ ã¨O`«$Ñ≤ΠѨiz "åi ^•fi~å „QÍg∞} F@~°#¡ ∞ PHõi¬OK«_®xH˜ J<ÕHõ q∞#Ǩ~ÚOѨÙÅ`À ã¨=~°}Å∞ fã¨∞H˘K≥Û#∞. 1967 ZxflHõÅÖ’ KåÖÏ ~å„ëêìÅÖ’ HÍO„ÔQãπ F@~°∞ âß`«O `«yæOk. HÍO„ˆQ¿ã`«~° „ѨÉèí∞`åfiÅ∞ U~°Ê_ç#q. =∞~˘Hõ "≥·Ñ¨Ù HÍO„ÔQãπ JO`«~°æ`« ÉË^è•Å =Å¡ HÍO„ÔQãπ peáÈ~ÚOk.

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WOk~å QÍOnè <åÜ«∞Hõ`«fiOÖ’ HÍO„ÔQãπ ÉϺO‰õΩÅ *ÏfÜ«∞Hõ~°}, ~å[Éèí~°}ÏÅ ~°^Œ∞Ì, QÆic ǨÏ~îå"À x<å^•O JOkOz „QÍg∞} ¿Ñ^ŒÅ#∞ `«#"≥·Ñ¨Ù uѨÙʉõΩ<ÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ „Ѩܫ∞uflOK≥#∞. O H˘xfl ~å„ëêìÅÖ’ HÍO„ˆQ¿ã`«~° „ѨÉèí∞`åfiÅ∞ ~å=_»O`À Éèí∂ã¨O㨯~°}Å∞ J<Õ JOâ◊O =∞~°ÖÏ `≥~°ÃÑ·H˜ =zÛOk. O 1972Ö’ Éè∂í ã¨O㨯~°}ÅÃÑ· HÍO„ÔQãπ xÜ«∞q∞Oz# Hõq∞\© ã¨∂K«#ÅÃÑ· 1972Ö’ [iy# =ÚYº=∞O„`«∞Å ã¨=∂"ÕâO◊ Ö’ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜™êiQÍ Éèí∂ ã¨O㨯~°}Å#∞ *ÏfÜ«∞ JOâ◊OQÍ QÆ∞iÎOz *ÏfÜ«∞ ™ê÷~ÚÖ’ H˘xfl =∂~°æ^Œ~°≈Hõ ã¨∂„`åÅ#∞ ~°∂á⁄OkOK≥#∞. O JdÅ ÉèÏ~°`« HÍO„ÔQãπ ã¨ÉèíÖ’ 1972Ö’ Jxfl ~å„ëêìÅÖ’ #∂`«# Éèí∂ ã¨O㨯~°} K«\ÏìÅ#∞ ~°∂á⁄OkOKåÅx, J~°∞›Å‰õΩ Éè∂í ѨOÑ≤}© JÜÕ∞º@@∞ì K«∂_®Åx ~å„+¨ì HÍO„ÔQãπ Hõq∞\©Å#∞, HÍ~°ºHõ~Åΰ #∞ HÀÔ~#∞. D =∂~°^æ ~Œ ≈° HÍʼnõΩ J#∞QÆ∞}OQÍ<Õ 1973 – Éèí∂ QÆi+¨ì Ѩiq∞u K«@ìO J=∞Å∞Ö’H˜ =zÛOk. 3. Ô~·`åOQÆ áÈ~å\ÏÅ L„kHõÎ`« O 1969Ö’ =∂i¯ûãπì áêsì P^èfiŒ ~°ºOÖ’ „ѨÉ∞íè `«fi |O[~°∞ Éè∂í =ÚÅ HÀã¨O, Éè∂í ™êfi=ÚÅ∞ P„Hõq∞OK«∞‰õΩ#fl „ѨÉ∞íè `«fi Éè∂í =ÚÅ HÀã¨O Éèí∂áÈ~å@O [iÔQ#∞. O Éèí∂q∞ÖËx =º=™êÜ«∞ ‰õÄbÅ∞ Éèí∂=ÚÅ#∞ P„Hõ=∞} KÕÜ«∞_»O JO`«‰õΩ ѨÓ~°fiO #∞Oz =º=™êÜ«∞O KÕã¨∞Î#fl „ѨÉèí∞`«fi Éèí∂=ÚʼnõΩ Ü«∂[=∂#ºÑ¨Ù Ѩ\ÏìÅ∞ W"åfiÅ<Õ _ç=∂O_£ KÕã¨∂Î „ѨÉèí∞`«fi HÍ~åºÅÜ«∂Å =ÚO^Œ∞ Ñ≤ÔH\˜OQ∑ [iÃÑ#∞. Wk "≥Ú^Œ@QÍ Hõ$ëê‚ lÖÏ¡Ö’ „áê~°OÉèí"≥∞ÿ ~å„+¨ì=∞O`«\Ï "åºÑ≤OK≥#∞. ã¨∞=∂~°∞ ÅHõ∆ ZHõ~åÅ Éèí∂q∞ 64 "ÕÅ =º=™êÜ«∞ ‰õÄbÅ∞ P„Hõ=∞} KÕã≤ ™êQÆ∞KÕÜ«∞_»O „áê~°OaèOKå~°∞. O 1970Ö’ Hõ=¸ºxã¨∞ì áêsìÅ∞, ™È+¨eã¨∞ì áêsìÅ∞ ã¨OÜ«ÚHõÎ Éèí∂áÈ~å\Ïxfl f„=~°∂ѨOÖ’H˜ fã¨∞‰õΩáÈÜ«∂~Ú. O 1972Ö’ LÉèíÜ«∞ Hõ=¸ºxã¨∞ì áêsìÅ∞, Ô~·`«∞ ã¨OѶ¨∂Å∞, =º=™êÜ«∞ HÍi‡Hõ ã¨OѶ¨∂Å∞ Hõeã≤ HÍO„ÔQãπ `«# ZxflHõÅ "åQÍú<åÅ#∞ J=∞Å∞Ѩ~°KåÅx, #∂`«# Éèí∂ ã¨O㨯~°}Å K«\ÏìÅ#∞ „ѨHõ\ ˜OKåÅx =¸_»∞ ^Œâ◊Å áÈ~å@ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂xfl „ѨH\õ O˜ K≥#∞. O 1967Ö’ ѨtÛ=∞ ɡOQÍÖòÖ’x #HõûÖòû |s „QÍ=∞OÖ’ „áê~°OÉèí"≥∞ÿ# ™êÜ«Ú^èŒ Ô~·`åOQÆ áÈ~å@O Z.Ñ≤.Ö’x NH͉õΩà◊O lÖÏ¡Ö’H˜ „Ѩ"ÕtOz ã¨fiÅÊHÍÅOÖ’<Õ QÀ^•=i #n Ѩi"åǨÏHõ „áêO`åÅÖ’H˜ (HõsO#QÆ~ü, JkÖÏÉÏ^£, =~°OQÆÖò, Y=∞‡O, ѨtÛ=∞QÀ^•=i) "åºÑ≤Î K≥O^≥#∞. O yi[#∞Å#∞ K≥·`«#º =O`«∞Å#∞ KÕã≤ yi[<Õ`«~° Éèí∂™êfi=ÚÅ, J@gâßY JkèHÍ~°∞Å ^ÀÑ≤_ô q^è•<åʼnõΩ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ ™êÜ«Ú^èŒ áÈ~å\ÏxH˜ =∂~°æO K«∂Ñ≤#k D #HõûÖˇ·\ò L^Œº=∞"Õ∞. O 2= ^Œá¶ê Éèí∂ ã¨O㨯~°}Å∞ ~å=_®xH˜ ǨÏi`« qѨ¡=O fã¨∞H˘zÛ# ^Œ∞+¨Êùe`åÅ∞, ~å„+¨ì ~å[H©Ü«∞ JkèHÍ~°OÖ’ =zÛ# =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞ Hõ=¸ºxã¨∞ì L^Œº=∂Å f„=`« „Ѩ^è•# HÍ~°}ÏÅ∞. JO^Œ∞KÕ Éèí∂ ã¨O㨯~°}Å q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ #∂`«# K«\ÏìÅ∞ ã¨=~°}Å∞ „ѨuáêkOK≥#∞. Z.Ñ≤. Éèí∂ Hõ=∞`åÅ QÆi+¨ì Ѩiq∞u K«@ìO 1973 O Hˆ O„^Œ ǨϟOâßY, Central Land Reform's Hõq∞\© ã¨∂K«#Å P^è•~°OQÍ Land ceiling Act - 1961 ™ê÷#OÖ’ 1973 Land ceiling Act #∞ fã¨∞H˘K≥Û#∞. O D Éèí∂ Hõ=∞`åÅ QÆi+¨ì Ѩiq∞u K«\Ïìxfl Z.Ñ≤. q^è•#ã¨Éèí, q^è•# Ѩi+¨`ü 1972, ÃãÃÑìO|~°∞Ö’ P"≥∂kOK«QÍ 1973 [#=i 1# ~å„+¨ìѨu P"≥∂^ŒO á⁄O^≥#∞. 1974Ö’ ~å*ϺOQÆOÖ’ 9= Ã+_»∂ºÖòÖ’ KÕÔ~Û#∞. 34= ~å*ϺOQÆ ã¨=~°} ^•fi~å D K«\Ïìxfl <åºÜ«∞ ã¨g∞Hõ∆ Ѩikè #∞O_ç q∞#Ǩ~ÚOK≥#∞. z=~°‰õΩ 1975 [#=i 1 #∞O_ç Wk J=∞Å∞Ö’H˜ =K≥Û#∞.

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„áê=∂}˜Hõ Hõ=∞`«O Standard Holding D K«@ìO „ѨHÍ~°O XHõ ‰õΩ@∞O|O K«@ìOÖ’ xˆ~útOz# Éèí∂q∞ HõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯= Éèí∂q∞ Hõey LO_»~å^Œ∞. P Éèí∂q∞x „áê=∂}˜Hõ Hõ=∞`«O JO\Ï~°∞. JO>Ë XHõ ‰õΩ@∞O|O „áê=∂}˜Hõ Hõ=∞`«O HõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯= Éèí∂q∞x Hõey LO>Ë „ѨÉèí∞`åfixH˜ ™êfinè#O KÕÜ«∂e. „áê=∂}˜Hõ Hõ=∞`«O J<Õk ‰õΩ@∞O|OÃÑ· P^è•~°Ñ¨_ç LO@∞Ok. ‰õΩ@∞O|O ‰õΩ@∞O|O J#QÍ ÉèÏ~°º, Éèí~°Î, "åi Ü≥ÚHõ¯ =ÚQÆ∞æ~°∞ "≥∞ÿ#~ü Ñ≤Å¡Å∞(ÖË^•) XHõ =ºH˜ÎH˜ ÉèÏ~°º (ÖË^•) Éèí~°Î ÖË#@¡~Ú`Õ P =ºH˜Î =∞iÜ«Ú "≥∞ÿ#~ü Ñ≤Å¡Å∞ "≥Ú`«ÎO g∞^Œ ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏxfl 5 QÆ∞~°∞ ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ‰õΩ q∞OK«x ‰õΩ@∞O| Ü«¸x\ò#∞ ÖˇHõ¯Ö’H˜ fã¨∞HÀ=_»O [iyOk. <À\ò:1961 K«@ìOÖ’ XHõ =ºH˜Îx Ü«¸x\òQÍ fã¨∞HÀ=_»O [iyOk O 5QÆ∞~°∞ q∞OK«x ‰õΩ@∞O| Ü«¸x\ò#∞ x~°‚~ÚOz ^•xH˜ „áê=∂}˜Hõ Hõ=∞`åxfl x~åúi™êÎ~°∞. <À\ò:XHõ "≥∞#ÿ ~ü ‰õΩ=∂~°∞xH˜ q"åǨÏO [iy LO_ç J`«xH˜ Ñ≤ÅÅ¡ ∞ ‰õÄ_® Hõey LO>Ë "åix "Õ~ˆ Ü«¸x\òQÍ Ñ¨iQÆ}O˜ K«~∞° . J#QÍ P "≥∞ÿ#~ü ‰õΩ=∂~°∞_»∞ U ‰õΩ@∞O|OÖ’ ã¨Éèí∞º_À J`«x ÉèÏ~åº Ñ≤Å¡Å#∞ ‰õÄ_® P ‰õΩ@∞O|OÖ’x ã¨Éèí∞ºxQÍ<Õ Ñ¨iQÆ}˜™êÎ~°∞. O D K«@ìO „ѨHÍ~°O J#kèHÍiHõOQÍ 2= ÉèÏ~°º LO>Ë, P"≥∞, P"≥∞ Ñ≤Å¡Å∞ ‰õÄ_® ‰õΩ@∞O| ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ∞QÍ Ñ¨iQÆ}˜OK«|_»~°∞. ‰õΩ@∞O| ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ∞ Z‰õΩ¯"≥·#ѨÙÊ_»∞ O XHõ ‰õΩ@∞O|OÖ’ 5QÆ∞~°∞ ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ HõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯= =∞Ok ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ∞ LO>Ë „áê=∂}˜Hõ Hõ=∞`«OÖ’ 1/5= =O`«∞ (20%) K˘Ñ¨ÙÊ# J^Œ#Ѩ٠Éèí∂q∞x ˆH\Ï~Ú™êÎ~°∞. ZO`« =∞Ok ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ∞ L#flѨÊ\˜H© ‰õΩ@∞O| QÆi+¨ì Ѩiq∞u 2 ‰õΩ@∞O| Hõ=∞`åʼnõΩ q∞OK«~å^Œ∞. O XˆH ‰õΩ@∞O|OÖ’ ÉèÏ~°º, Éèí~°Î`À áê@∞ "Õ∞[~ü J~Ú# ‰õΩ=∂~°∞Å∞, ‰õΩ=∂Ô~ÎÅ∞ LO>Ë "å~°∞ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ ‰õΩ@∞O|OQÍ Ñ¨iQÆ}˜OK«|_»`å~°∞. JO^Œ∞=Å¡ XHõ L=∞‡_ç ‰õΩ@∞O|OÖ’ XHõ\ ˜ Hõ<åfl Z‰õΩ¯= Standard Holdings LO_»=K«∞Û. L^•: ÉèÏ~°º, Éèí~°Î W^ŒÌ~°∞ "Õ∞[~ü ‰õΩ=∂~°∞Å∞, XHõ "≥∞ÿ#~ü ‰õΩ=∂Ô~Î LO>Ë P ‰õΩ@∞O|OÖ’ 3 ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏÅ∞ L#fl@∞¡QÍ Ñ¨iQÆ}˜Oz 3 Standrard Holdings Hõey LO_»=K«∞Û. Éèí~°Î‰õΩ `«O„_ç ‰õÄ_® L#fl@¡~Ú`Õ 4= Standard Holding ‰õÄ_® LO_»=K«∞Û. ("Õ∞[~üÖˇ·# ‰õΩ=∂Ô~ÎÅ∞, ‰õΩ=∂~°∞Å∞ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ ‰õΩ@∞O|OQÍ ÖˇH˜¯OK«|_»`å~°∞.) L=∞‡_ç ‰õΩ@∞O| ã¨=∞㨺 `«O„_ç Pã≤Î (Ñ≤„`åi˚`« Pã≤Î) ‰õΩ=∂~°∞_çH˜ K≥O^Œ∞`«∞Ok HÍ|\˜ì L=∞‡_ç ‰õΩ@∞O| Pã≤ÎÖ’ XHõ =ºH˜ÎH˜ H˘O`« Éèí∂q∞ "å\Ï LO_»=K«∞Û. P =ºH˜Î =ºH˜ÎQÆ`«OQÍ H˘O`« Éèí∂q∞x Hõey LO_»=K«∞Û. JÖÏO\˜ ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOÖ’ L=∞‡_ç Pã≤ÎÖ’ J`«_çH˜ ~å=Åã≤# "å\Ï =∞iÜ«Ú J`«_»∞ =ºH˜ÎQÆ`«OQÍ ã¨OáêkOz# Éèí∂q∞ Ô~O_çO\˜x HõeÑ≤ 'Standard Holding' x x~åúi™êÎ~∞° . <À\ò:ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~° ã¨OѶ¨∞OÖ’ XHõ =ºH˜ÎH˜ LO_Õ Éèí∂q∞x „áê=∂}˜Hõ Hõ=∞`«OQÍ x~°‚~ÚOKÕ@ѨÙÊ_»∞ ÖˇHõ¯Ö’H˜ fã¨∞‰õΩO\Ï~°∞. „@ã¨∞ìÅ∞ ~°^Œ∞Ì KÕã≤#ѨÙÊ_»∞ Éèí∂q∞ =ºH˜ÎH˜ K≥O^Õ J=HÍâ◊O LO>Ë ^•xx ‰õÄ_® ÖˇH˜¯™êÎ~°∞. Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ – ~°HÍÅ∞ O qq^èŒ ~°HÍÅ Éèí∂=ÚʼnõΩ Standrad Holding qã‘Î~å‚xfl x~°‚~ÚOK«_®xH˜ Éèí∂=ÚÅ#∞ `«i=∂QÍ}˜ Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ – 6 ~°HÍÅ∞QÍ ‰õΩt¯"≥∞@ì Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ – 5 ~°HÍÅ∞QÍ "≥Ú`«ÎO 11 ~°HÍÅ∞QÍ =sæHõiOK≥#∞. O Éèí∂q∞ qxÜ≥∂QÆO, ѨO@ ѨO_Õ f~°∞, ™êQÆ∞ h\˜ =ã¨u "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞ JOâßÅ∞ „áêuѨkHõQÍ Éèí∂=ÚÅ#∞ =sæHõiOK≥#∞.

ZHÍ#q∞

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Éèí∂q∞ ~°HõO

2 ѨO@Å∞ ѨO_Õ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ ã¨^Œ∞áêÜ«∞O QÆÅ Éèí∂q∞ (ZHõ~åÅÖ’)

XHõ ѨO@ ѨO_Õ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ ã¨^Œ∞áêÜ«∞O QÆÅ Éèí∂q∞ (ZHõ~åÅÖ’)

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35 40 45 50 54

ÃÑ· Ѩ\ ˜ìHõ „ѨHÍ~°O =∂QÍ}˜ Éèí∂q∞ 10–27 ZHõ~åʼnõΩ =~°‰õΩ, "≥∞@ì Éèí∂q∞ 35–54 ZHõ~åÅ =~°‰õΩ 5QÆ∞~°∞ ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ∞ QÆÅ ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏxH˜ LO_»=K«∞Û. 2 ™ê~°∞¡ ѨO@ ѨO_Õ =∂QÍ}˜ Éèí∂q∞ S^Œ∞QÆ∞~°∞ ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ∞ QÆÅ ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏxH˜ 10–18 ZHõ~åÅ =∞^茺֒ LO_»=K«∞Û. h\˜ ™œHõ~°ºO LO_ç XHõ ѨO@ ѨO_Õ =∂QÍ}˜ Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ 15–27 ZHõ~åÅ =∞^茺֒ LO_»=K«∞Û. "≥∞@ì Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ 35–54 ZHõ~åÅ =∞^茺֒ LO_»=K«∞Û. "≥Ú`«ÎO g∞^Œ D K«@ìOÖ’ qq^èŒ Éèí∂=ÚÅ QÆi+¨ì Ѩiq∞u 10–54 ZHõ~åÅ∞ Ü«∞[=∂x qq^èŒ ~°HÍÅ Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ Hõey L#fl@¡~Ú`Õ J`«∞º`«Î=∞ ~°HõO Éèí∂=ÚÅ#∞ Ju `«‰õΩ¯= ~°HõO Éèí∂=ÚÅÖ’H˜ =∂iÛ QÆi+¨ì Ѩiq∞u x~°‚~Ú™êÎ~°∞. D K«@ìOÖ’ A ~°HõO Éèí∂q∞ 2 ѨO@Å∞ ѨO_ç`Õ QÆi+¨ì Ѩi=∂}O – 10 ZHõ~åÅ∞ 1 ѨO@ ѨO_ç`Õ 15 ZHõ~åÅ∞ K ~°HõO Éèí∂q∞ QÆi+¨ì Ѩiq∞u 54 ZHõ~åÅ∞

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‰õΩ@∞O| Ü«∞[=∂x J`«x ‰õΩ@∞O| ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ‰õΩ L#fl qq^èŒ ~°HÍÖˇ·# Éèí∂=ÚÅ#∞ QÆ∂iÛ qq^èŒ „QÍ=∂ÅÖ’ L#fl Éèí∂=ÚÅ#∞ QÆ∂iÛ XHõ <≥Å ~ÀAÅ Ö’QÍ „\˜|∞º#ÖòH˜ ã¨fiK«ÛùO^ŒOQÍ ã¨=∞iÊOKåe. JÖÏ ã¨=∞iÊOK«x Ü≥∞_»Å (ÖË^•) `«Ñ¨ÙÊ_»∞ ã¨=∂Kå~°O WzÛ<å 2 ã¨O=`«û~åÅ *ˇ·Å∞ tHõ∆ =∞iÜ«Ú 2000/– [i=∂<å qkèOK«=K«∞Û. O 10 ZHõ~åʼnõΩ q∞Oz =∂QÍ}˜ Éèí∂q∞ q=~åÅ∞ 35 ZHõ~åʼnõΩ q∞Oz "≥∞@ì Éèí∂q∞ =∞iÜ«Ú ‰õΩ@∞O| ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ q=~åÅ∞ ã¨=∞iÊOKåe. |kbÅÃÑ· x|O^èŒ#Å∞ O D K«@ìO =ã¨∞ÎO^Œx =ÚO^Œ∞QÍ „QÆÇ≤ÏOz# Éèí∂™êfi=ÚÅ∞ Ö’áê~ÚHÍi J„y"≥∞O@∞¡, ^˘OQÆ q_®‰õΩÅ∞, ^˘OQÆ ^Œ`«Î`«Å∞ "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q HõeÊOz K«@ìO #∞O_ç |Ü«∞@Ѩ_®Åx „Ѩܫ∞uflOKå~°∞. nxx x~ÀkèOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO 1971 [#=i 24 #∞O_ç 1975 [#=i 1 =~°‰õΩ [iy# Éèí∂ q„HõÜ«∂Å∞, Éèí∂q∞x |Ǩï=∞uQÍ W=fi_»O ^•#^èŒ~å‡Å∞ „@ã¨∞ìʼnõΩ |kb, q^•º ã¨Oã¨Å÷ ‰õΩ ã¨O„Hõq∞OѨ*Ü Ë Ú« @ "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞ |^ŒÖÏ~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ K≥Å<¡ ~Õ =° x P q^èOŒ QÍ J<庄HÍO`«O KÕÜ∞« |_ç# Éèí∂q∞ ‰õÄ_® P =ºH˜ÎH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz#q QÍ<Õ Ñ¨iQÆ}˜Oz „áê=∂}˜Hõ Hõ=∞`åxfl x~åúi™êÎ=∞x 1972 "Õ∞ 2# XHõ Pi¤<≥<£û#∞ *Ïs KÕÃã#∞. ZHÍ#q∞

153

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1975 [#=i 1H˜ ѨÓ~°fiO 5 ã¨O=`«û~åÅ HÍÅ=º=kè ֒Ѩ٠=º=™êÜ«∞ Éèí∂=ÚÅ#∞ =º=™êÜÕ∞`«~° Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞QÍ =∂~°∞Û‰õΩO>Ë Jq ‰õÄ_® =º=™êÜ«∞ Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞QÍ<Õ Ñ¨iQÆ}˜OK«|_»`å~Ú. O 24–01–1971 #∞O_ç 01–01–1975 =∞^茺 XHõ =ºH˜Î `«# ÉèÏ~°º #∞O_ç q_®‰õΩÅ∞ á⁄Ok#ѨÊ\˜H© D K«@ì ѨikèÖ’ "åi^ŒÌ~°∂ XHõ ‰õΩ@∞O| ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ∞QÍ Ñ¨iQÆ}˜OK«|_»`å~°∞. O ÃÑ·# ¿Ñ~˘¯#fl HÍÅOÖ’ [iy# ^Œ`«Î`« ã‘fiHõ~°}Å∞ ‰õÄ_® K≥Å¡=Ù „\˜|∞º#Öò U~åÊ@∞ O D K«\Ïìxfl J=∞Å∞ Ѩ~°K«_®xH˜ =ÚQÆ∞æ~°∞ ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ`À „\˜|∞º#Öò U~åÊ@∞KÕ™êÎ~°∞. _çѨӺ\© HõÖˇHõì~ü Ǩϟ^•‰õΩ `«‰õΩ¯= H͉õΩO_® QÆÅ ~å„+¨ì „ѨÉèí∞`«fi L^Àºy J^茺Hõ∆`«# Wk U~åÊ@∞ KÕÜ«∞|_»∞#∞. J~Ú`Õ U^≥·<å HÍ~°}O =Å# =ÚQÆ∞æ~°∞ ã¨Éèí∞ºÅÖ’ MÏm L#flѨÊ\˜H© „\˜|∞º#Öò x~°‚Ü«∂Å∞ K≥Å∞¡ÉÏ@=Ù`å~Ú. HÍ|\˜ì UHõã¨Éèíº „\˜|∞º#Öò#∞ ‰õÄ_® „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO U~åÊ@∞ KÕã≤Ok. Éèí∂q∞ ã¨O㨯~°}ʼnõΩ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ JkèHÍix ‰õÄ_® xÜ«∞q∞OK≥#∞. ZÑ≤ Ö’ 1973Ö’ 69 „\˜|∞º#Öòû#∞, 1977Ö’ 24 „\˜|∞º#Öòû#∞ U~åÊ@∞KÕÃã#∞. O XHõ "Õà◊ „\˜|∞º#Öò x~°‚Ü«∂Å∞ P"≥∂^ŒÜ≥∂QƺO HÍHõáÈ`Õ JÑ≤ÊÖË\ò „\˜|∞º#Öò‰õΩ ~°∂.10Å HÀ~°∞ì ~°∞ã¨∞=Ú ™êìOѨÙ`À ^Œ~M° Ïã¨∞Î KÕã∞¨ HÀ=K«∞Û. D JÑ≤ÊÖË\ò „a|∞º#Öò x~°Ü ‚ ∂« Å∞ ‰õÄ_® P"≥∂^ŒÜ∂≥ QƺO HÍ#ѨÙÊ_»∞ 30 ~ÀAÅ Ö’QÍ ÃÇÏ· HÀ~°∞‰ì Ωõ ^Œ~°MÏã¨∞Î KÕã¨∞HÀ=K«∞Û. q∞QÆ∞Å∞ Éèí∂q∞ x~åú~°} Éèí∂q∞ Ü«∞[=∂x PO^Œ*Ëã≤# _çHõ¡ˆ~+¨<£ „ѨHÍ~°O qKå~°} [iÑ≤ J`«_çH˜ q∞QÆ∞Å∞ Éèí∂q∞ L#fl^• ÖË^• J<Õ q+¨Ü«∂xfl „\˜|∞º#Öò x~°‚~Úã¨∞ÎOk. Ô~·`«∞ʼnõΩ q∞QÆ∞Å∞ Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ LO>Ë 15 ~ÀAÅ Ö’QÍ „ѨÉèí∞fi`åfixH˜ ™êfinè#O KÕÜ«∂Åx „\˜|∞º#Öò <À\©ã¨∞ *Ïs KÕÜ«Ú#∞. #+¨Ñì i¨ Ǩ~°O „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO ™êfinè# Ѩ~°K«∞‰õΩ#fl Éèí∂q∞H˜ Ô~·`«∞ K≥e¡OKÕ Éèí∂q∞ tã¨∞Î |\˜ì #+¨ìѨiǨ~°O K≥e¡OK«|_»∞#∞. Éèí∂q∞ tã¨∞ΉõΩ 10–100 Ô~@∞¡ (QÆi+¨ìOQÍ ~°∂.ÅHõ∆ =~°‰õÄ) #+¨ì ѨiǨ~°O K≥e¡OK«∞#∞. –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Éèí∂q∞ tã¨∞Î (~°∂áêÜ«∞ÅÖ’) Éèí∂q∞ tã¨∞ÎÃÑ· #+¨ìѨiǨ~°O –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 50 ~°∂áêÜ«∞Å HõO>Ë `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#flѨÙÊ_»∞ 100 ~Ô @∞¡ 50–100 =∞^躌 LO>Ë 50 ~Ô @∞¡ 150–500 =~°‰Ωõ 20 Ô~@∞¡ 500ʼnõΩ ÃÑ·|_ç 10 Ô~@∞¡ –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– q∞QÆ∞Å∞ Éèí∂q∞ ѨOÑ≤}© „ѨÉ∞íè `«fi ™êfinè#O KÕã∞¨ ‰õΩ#fl q∞QÆ∞Å∞ Éè∂í =ÚÅ#∞ =º=™êÜ«∞ ‰õÄbʼnõΩ, H“Å∞^•~°∞ʼnõΩ, Éè∂í ™êfiq∞ #∞O_ç QÔ O\˜"Ü Õ ∞« |_ç# H“Å∞^•~°∞ʼnõΩ, „QÍg∞} KÕu Ѩx"å~°Å‰õΩ, WO_»∞¡ ÖËx W`«~° ¿Ñ^ŒÅ‰õΩ (WO\˜ ã¨÷ÖÏÅ ˆH\Ï~ÚOѨÙ#‰õΩ) ѨOÑ≤}© KÕ™êÎ~°∞. WÖÏ Ñ¨OÑ≤}© KÕ¿ã@ѨÙÊ_»∞ P Éèí∂q∞Ö’ 50% Zã‘û, Zã‘ìʼnõΩ K≥O^•e. q∞ye# Éèí∂q∞Ö’ 2/3 =O`«∞ cã‘ʼnõΩ ˆH\Ï~ÚOKåe. q∞ye# 1/3=O`«∞ q∞ye# "åiH˜ ѨOÑ≤}© KÕÜ«∂e. ¿Ñ^ŒÅ‰õΩ #+¨ìѨiǨ~°O =∂Ô~¯\ò qÅ∞= HõO>Ë `«‰õΩ¯= x~°‚~ÚOKåe. „ѨÉèí∞`åfiÅÃÑ· Pi÷Hõ ÉèÏ~°O Ѩ_»‰õΩO_® *Ï„QÆ`«Î Ѩ_®e.

ZHÍ#q∞

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PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò (Ã+_»∂ºÖò¤ „áêO`åÅ) Éèí∂q∞ |^ŒÖÏ~ÚOѨ٠„Hõ=∞|nÌHõ~°} (ã¨=~°}) K«@ìO 1970 O nxfl I of 1970 QÍ QÆ∞iÎã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. Wk 1959 Éèí∂ |^ŒÖÏ~ÚOѨ٠„Hõ=∞|nÌHõ~°} =¸_»= qÉèÏQÆOÖ’x XHõ qÉèÏQÍxH˜ ã¨=~°} KÕã≤Ok. O U*ˇhû „áêO`«OÖ’ yi[#∞_»∞ ÖË^• yi[<Õ`~« ∞° _»∞ =∞~À yi[#∞_çH˜ `«# Éè∂í q∞x J=∞‡_®xH˜ W+¨Ñì _¨ #» ѨÙÊ_»∞ P Éè∂í q∞x W`«~°∞ʼnõΩ |^ŒÖÏ~ÚOK«_®xfl D ã¨=~°} K«@ìO ѨÓiÎQÍ x¿+kèOz#k. O P Éèí∂q∞x H˘O`« #+¨ìѨiǨ~°O`À „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO ™êfinè#O KÕã¨∞HÀ=K«∞Û. O J~Ú`Õ D K«@ìO J=∞Å∞ QÆ`« |^ŒÖÏ~ÚOѨÙʼnõΩ =iÎOѨ *ËÜ«∞HõáÈ=_»O =Å¡ yi[# ǨωõΩ¯Å‰õΩ =∞~À™êi qѶ¨∂`«O Hõey#k. yi[<Õ`«~°∞Å∞ <åºÜ«∞™ê÷#OÖ’ `«~°K«∞ Ѩ\ ˜+¨<£Å∞ "ÕÜ«∞_»O`À J=∞Å∞‰õΩ ѨÅ∞ P@OHÍÅ∞ U~°Ê_ç#q. O 1970Ö’ KÕã≤# D K«@ìO 1978 =~°‰õΩ yi[# „Ѩ[ʼnõΩ `≥eÜ«∞#O^Œ∞ =Å# JkèHÍ~° Ü«∞O„`åOQÆO JÅã¨`«fiO =Å¡ Jqhu HÍ~°}OQÍ yi[<Õ`«~°∞Å∞, yi[#∞Å∞ =∞^茺 Éèí∂=ÚÅ J=∞‡HÍÅ∞ H˘#∞QÀà◊√¡ [iy#q. O 1978 `«~åfi`« D K«\Ïìxfl ã¨=∞~°=÷ O`«OQÍ J=∞Å∞ KÕÜ∞« _»O`À H˘#∞QÀÅ∞ KÕã#≤ Éè∂í =ÚÅ∞ uiy yi[#∞ʼnõΩ JѨÊyOKå~°∞. O 1959 Ã+_»∞ºÖò¤ UiÜ«∂Ö’ Éèí∂q∞ |^ŒÖÏ~ÚOѨ٠x¿+^è•xH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz *Ïs KÕÜ«∞|_ç# K«@ì x|O^èŒ#Å „ѨHÍ~°O XHõ yi[<Õ`«~°∞_»∞ Éèí∂q∞x Hõey LO_ç, 1970 K«@ìO J=∞Å∞Ö’H˜ ~åHõ =Ú#∞Ѩ٠Hõhã¨O 8 ã¨O=`«û~åÅ∞QÍ P Éèí∂q∞ yi[<Õ`~« ∞° Å ™êfinè#OÖ’ LO>Ë JÖÏO@ѨÙÊ_»∞ P Éè∂í q∞H˜ ã¨O|OkèOz P yi[<Õ`~« ∞° _çH˜ ~Ô `· åfis Ѩ\Ïì W=fi|_»∞`«∞Ok. O Ѩ\Ïì W=fi|_ç# Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ q∞#Ǩ~ÚOz Ã+_»∂ºÖò¤ „áêO`åÅÖ’x Éèí∂=ÚÅhfl 1/70 Ô~QÆ∞ºÖË+¨<£ „ѨHÍ~°O yi[#∞Å"Õ. JO>Ë yi[# „áêO`«OÖ’ yi[<Õ`«~°∞Å∞ Éèí∂q∞x H˘#~å^Œ∞. H“Å∞‰õΩ fã¨∞HÀ~å^Œ∞. P Éèí∂=ÚʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# „HõÜ«∞q„HõÜ«∂Åhfl yi[#∞Å =∞^èÕº [~°QÍe. O 1981Ö’ |O*Ï~å `≥QÆʼnõΩ (ÅOÉÏ_ôÅ∞) Zã‘ìÅ∞QÍ QÆ∞iÎã¨∂Î ~å„+¨ì „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO L`«Î~°∞fiÅ∞ *Ïs KÕã≤Ok. O 1975Ö’ yi[#∞Å ã¨OHˆ =∆ ∂aè=$kú HÀã¨O ITDA (Intigrated Tribal Development Agency – ã¨g∞Hõ$`« yi[# ã¨OHˆ =∆ ∞O Jaè=$kú ã¨Oã¨÷) ™ê÷Ñ≤OK«|_≥#∞. O ~å„+¨Oì Ö’ yi[#∞Å ã¨OHˆ =∆ ∞O, ѨÙ~Àaè=$kúH˜ ã¨ÅǨ W=fi_®xH˜ Tribal Advisory counsil #∞ ™ê÷ÑO≤ z ^•xx ~å*ϺOQÆOÖ’ KÕÔ~Û#∞. nx „ѨHÍ~°O ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ QÆ=~°fl~ü =∂„`«"Õ∞ yi[# K«\ÏìÅÖ’ =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞, KÕ~°∞ÊÅ∞ KÕÜ«∞_®xH˜ ǨωõΩ¯ Hõey LO\Ï~°∞. O

Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers) ) Regulation of forest rights) ACT-2006.

QÆ`« =¸_»∞ `«~åÅ #∞O_ç J@g „áêO`åÅÖ’ x=ã≤OKÕ "åiH˜ (yi[#∞Å∞ =∞iÜ«Ú J@g L`«Ê`«∞ÎÅ∞ ã¨g∞HõiOK«∞ ‰õΩ<Õ"å~°∞) 4 ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡ Éèí∂q∞ ¿ã^ŒºO KÕã¨∞HÀ=_®xH˜ J_»=ÙÖ’¡ QÆÅ "≥∞ÿ#~ü L`«Ê`«∞ÎÅ#∞ ¿ãHõiOK«∞HÀ=_®xH˜ J_»=ÙÅÖ’ Ѩâ◊√=ÙÅ#∞ "Õ∞ѨÙHÀ=_®xH˜ J=HÍâßxfl HõeÊOK≥#∞. yi[# ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ O 1970 Éèí∂ |^ŒÖÏ~ÚOѨ٠„Hõ=∞|núHõ~°} K«@ìO 1978 =~°‰õΩ yi[# Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ yi[<Õ`«~°∞ʼnõΩ |^ŒÖÏ~ÚOK«‰õΩO_® H˘O`« =~°‰Ωõ „ѨÜ∞« uflOzOk. J~Ú`Õ U*ˇhû „áêO`åÅ∞ J@g Yx[ ã¨OѨ^‰Œ Ωõ Hõey LO_»∞@ =Å#, Pi÷Hõ ã¨O㨯~°}Å =Å¡, MNC's Å∞ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi JO_»`À qK«Hõ∆} ~°Ç≤Ï`«OQÍ Yx[ ã¨OѨ^Œ#∞ H˘Å¡Q˘@∞ìK«∞#flq. O 1957 QÆ#∞Å∞, Yx*ÏÅ („Hõ=∞|núHõ~°} – Jaè=$kú) K«@ìO 1996 PESA (Ã+_»∂ºÖò¤ „áêO`åʼnõΩ ѨOKåÜ«∞fÅ qã¨Î~°} K«@Oì ) K«@Oì Ã+_»∂ºÖò¤ „áêO`åÅÖ’ QÆ#∞Å#∞ bA‰õΩ W=fi_»O x¿+kèOz#, yi[#∞Å ã¨O„Ѩ^•Ü«∞ ǨωõΩ¯Å#∞ HÍáê_»‰Ωõ <Õ U~åÊ@∞ KÕã≤# PK«~°} nxH˜ q~°∞^ŒúOQÍ LOk. ZHÍ#q∞

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Jaè=$kú „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ HÀã¨O „ÃÑ·"Õ\ò Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ fã¨∞HÀ=Åã≤ =zÛ#ѨÙÊ_»∞ „QÍ=∞ã¨Éèí ÖË^• ѨOKåÜ«∞fx =ÚO^Œ∞QÍ ã¨O„ѨkOKåÅx 1996 PESA K«@ìO ã¨Ê+¨ìO KÕã¨∞Î#flѨÊ\˜H© PK«~°}Ö’ LÅ¡OѶ≤∞OK«|_ç#k D K«@ìO. O 1970–76 =∞^茺 U*ˇhûÖ’ [iy# 㨈~fiÖ’ yi[#∞Å Éèí∂q∞ yi[<Õ`«~°∞Å ¿Ñ~°∞ g∞^Œ L#fl@∞ì `ÕeÛ "åiH˜ yi[# Éèí∂=ÚÅÃÑ· Ѩ\ÏìÅ∞ WK≥Û#∞. O yi[# Éèí∂=ÚÅ ˆHã¨∞ÅÖ’ (1970 #∞O_ç 2005 =∞^茺) 50% yi[<Õ`«~°∞ʼnõΩ J#∞‰õÄÅOQÍ =zÛ#k. ã¨Oã¨÷ʼnõΩ K≥Ok# Éèí∂=ÚÅ#∞ P„Hõq∞OK«∞HÀ=_®xfl x~Àkèã¨∞ÎOk. Éèí∂ P„Hõ=∞}ʼnõΩ áêÅÊ_ç# "åiH˜ P~°∞ <≥ÅÅ∞, 5 ã¨O=`«û~åÅ *ˇÅ· ∞ tHõ,∆ 5000/– [i=∂<å qkèOK«|_»∞`«∞Ok. Éè∂í q∞x P„Hõq∞OK«∞HÀ=_»"∞Õ H͉õΩO_® Éè∂í P„Hõ=∞}ʼnõΩ „¿Ñ~ˆ Ñ≤OK«_O» , „áÈ`«ûÇ≤ÏOK«_»O, P„Hõq∞OK«∞‰õΩ#fl Éèí∂=ÚÅ#∞ q„Hõ~ÚOK«_»O "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·#=hfl tH∆Í~°›"≥∞ÿ# <Õ~åÖË. P„Hõ=∞} [iy LO>Ë "å\˜x qKåiOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ"≥∞ÿ# <åºÜ«∞™ê÷<åÅ#∞ U~åÊ@∞KÕÜ«∞_»O [~°∞QÆ∞#∞. P„Hõ=∞} [iy LO>Ë D Éèí∂q∞x uiy ™⁄O`«^•~°∞xH˜ JѨÊyOKÕ „Hõ=∞OÖ’ ã≤qÖò <åºÜ«∞™ê÷#O QÍ#∞, tHõ∆ qkèOKÕ „Hõ=∞OÖ’ „H˜q∞#Öò <åºÜ«∞™ê÷#O QÍ#∞, P „Ѩ`ÕºHõ <åºÜ«∞™ê÷#O =º=ǨÏiã¨∞ÎOk. Éèí∂ ^Œ∞~å„Hõ=∞}‰õΩ áêÅÊ_çOk. XHõ HõOÃÑh QÍh, HÍ~˘Êˆ~+¨<£ QÍh J~Ú`Õ HõOÃÑh `«~°Ñ¨Ù# ÉÏ^茺`« =Ç≤ÏOK«∞ _≥·Ô~Hõì~üû, "Õ∞<Õ[~üû, L^ÀºQÆ∞Å#∞ <Õ~°O KÕã≤#@∞¡QÍ Ñ¨iQÆ}˜™êÎ~°∞. K«\ÏìÅ∞ 1894 – Land Acquisition Act 1792 – Ô~·`åfis q^è•#O (WO_çÜ«∂Ö’) 1807 – Ô~·`åfis q^è•#O (~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞ lÖÏ¡ÅÖ’) 1793 – [g∞O^•s q^è•#O (ÖÏ~ü¤ HÍ~°<£ "åbãπ) 1948 – =∞„^•ã¨∞ Z¿ãì@¡ ~°^Œ∞Ì K«@ìO – PO„^èŒÖ’ [q∞O^•s ~°^Œ∞Ì 1949 – `≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ *Ïy~åús ~°^Œ∞Ì 1955 – ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£Ö’ W<åO Éèí∂=ÚÅ ~°^Œ∞Ì K«@ìO 1956 – PO„^èŒÖ’ W<åO Éèí∂=ÚÅ ~°^Œ∞Ì K«@ìO 1967 – Z.Ñ≤. W<åOÅ ~°^Œ∞Ì K«@ìO (PO„^èŒ { `≥ÅOQÍ}) 1950 – ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ H“Å∞ =º=™êÜ«∞ Éèí∂=ÚÅ K«@ìO 1952 – Hyderabad Prevention of aviction ordinance 1956 - PO„^èŒÖ’ H“Å∞ ã¨O㨯~°}Å K«@ìO 1961 – Z.Ñ≤. "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ QÆi+¨ì Éèí∂ Ѩiq∞u K«@ìO 1955 – QÆi+¨ì Éèí∂ Ѩiq∞u K«@ìO (`≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ Y=∞‡O lÖÏ¡Ö’) 1973 – =º=™êÜ«∞ Hõ=∞`åÅ QÆi+¨ì Ѩiq∞u K«@ìO 1971 – A.P. Rights in Land and Pattadar Pass Book Act 1976 – AP Occupants of Home steats (Conferment of ownership) Act 1976 – Urban Land ceiling Act (Ѩ@ì} Éèí∂ QÆi+¨ì Ѩiq∞u K«@ìO) UÑ≤Ö’ 1984Ö’ nxx ã¨=iOK≥#∞. 1977 – ZÑ≤ JÃã·<£¤ ÖϺO_£û ( Prohibition of Transfer) Ü«∂‰õΩì 1982 – Ap Land Grabbing (Prohibition) Act 1967 - A.P forest Act Ã+_»∂ºÖò¤ Area 1959 - AP (scheduled Area) Land Transfer regulation Act 1969

ZHÍ#q∞

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AP Mahal (Aboliton and conversion) in to Ryotwari) Regulation Act 165

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1969

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AP Mutta Regulation Act

1917

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Agency Tracts Interest of Land transfer Act

1970

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Agency Settlement Regulation Act

1989

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SC, ST Atrocities (Prevention) Act

1996

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Panchayat's Extension to Scheduled Area Act

2013

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Land Acquition Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act

1960

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AP Scheduled Area Money lending regulation Act

1970

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AP Scheduled Area Debt relief regulation Act

1979

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Ap Scheduled area Minor forest produce (Regulation of Trade) Regulation Act

1956

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Hindu, Succession Act

(„ã‘ÎH˜ QÆÅ Éèí∂q∞, Pã¨∞ÎÅÃÑ· ǨωõΩ¯Å#∞ `≥eÜ«∞*Ë¿ãk) 2007 – Ѩ@ì} Éèí∂ QÆi+¨ì Ѩiq∞u ~°^Œ∞Ì K«@ìO (WO_çÜ«∂Ö’ 1999) 2004 – HÀ<Õ~°∞ ~°OQÍ~å=Ù Hõq∞\© xÜ«∂=∞HõO 1999 – Land Revenue Act (H“Å∞^•~°∞Å ¿Ñ~°∞¡ iHÍ~°∞¤Ö’ #"≥∂^Œ∞ KÕÜ«Ú@‰õΩ) 1968 – ZÑ≤ |Ç≤Ï~°OQÆ „Ѩ^Õâ◊=ÚÅ K«@ìO (J#kèHÍ~° P„Hõ=∞}^•~°∞Å `˘ÅyOѨÙ) 1974 – ZÑ≤ Z=iH© K≥O^Œx Éèí∂=ÚÅ ™êfinè# K«@ìO <À\ò 1894 Éèí∂¿ãHõ~°} K«\ÏìxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz ѨÙ#~å"åã¨O, #+¨ì ѨiǨ~°O "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·# JOâßÅÃÑ· ~å„ëêìÅÖ’ =ºuˆ~Hõ`« ~å=_»O`À 2013 ã¨O=`«û~°OÖ’ The right to fair compensation and transferency in land acquision, rehabilitation and re settlement act ˆHO„^Œ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO fã¨∞H˘zÛ#k. 2014 #∞O_ç Wk J=∞Å∞Ö’H˜ ~å=_»O [iyOk. nx„ѨHÍ~°O ™êfinè#O KÕã¨∞HÀ|_ç# Éèí∂ Ü«∞[=∂xH˜ =∂Ô~¯\ò ˆ~\ò „ѨHÍ~°O Éèí∂q∞ qÅ∞=‰õΩ W=fi_»"Õ∞ HÍHõ ѨÙ#~å"åã¨O, r<Àáêkè "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·# JOâßÅÃÑ· „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO ^Œ$+≤ì™êiOKåe. HÀ<Õ~°∞ ~°OQÍ~å=Ù Hõq∞\© O J<ÕHõ Éèí∂ã¨O㨯~°}Å K«\ÏìÅ∞ fã¨∞H˘zÛ#ѨÊ\˜H© H“Å∞ ã¨O㨯~°}Å∞, a<åg∞ JÃã·<£¤ Éèí∂=ÚÅ J#kèHÍ~° |kb. Éèí∂q∞ iHÍ~°∞_¤ Å» ∞ Jâß„ã‘Ü Î ∞« OQÍ LO_»∞@ =O\˜ ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ H˘#™êQÆ∞`«∞#flq. g\˜x Ѩi+¨¯iOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ L=∞‡_ç ~å„+¨ì „ѨÉ∞íè `«fiO 2004 _çÃãO|~üÖ’ HÀ<Õ~∞° ~°OQÍ~å=Ù J^躌 Hõ`∆ #« 8 =∞Ok ã¨É∞íè ºÅ`À XHõ Hõq∞\©x xÜ«∞q∞OK≥#∞. Wk 2006 _çÃãO|~ü 12 KåѨ~ì Åü Ö’ 104 ã≤áê¶ ~°ã∞¨ Å`À `«# x"ÕkHõ#∞ JOkOK≥#∞. g\˜Ö’ 74 ã≤áê¶ ~°ã∞¨ Å#∞ „ѨÉ∞íè `«fiO "≥O@<Õ P"≥∂kOz#k. D Hõq∞\© Éèí∂ ѨOÑ≤}© HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂xfl, yi[# Éèí∂=ÚÅ ã¨=∞㨺Å#∞ Éèí∂ ã¨O㨯~°}ʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# J_»¤O‰õΩÅ `˘ÅyOѨÙ#∞, Éèí∂ ã¨O㨯~°}Å∞ ã¨=∞~°÷=O`«OQÍ J=∞Å∞ ѨiKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ ã¨∂K«#Å#∞ "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·# JOâßÅ#∞ ѨijeOK≥#∞. ~å„+¨ì "åºÑ¨ÎOQÍ Ñ¨~°º\˜Oz 100Å „QÍ=∂ʼnõΩ "≥o¡ „Ѩ*Ï ã¨=∞㨺Å#∞ J^茺ܫ∞#O KÕã≤ 2 ã¨O=`«û~åÅ∞ Ѩ~°º\˜Oz x"ÕkHõ#∞ JOkOK≥#∞. O ~°OQÍ~å=Ù Hõq∞\© ã≤á¶ê~°ã¨∞ÅÖ’ WOK«∞q∞OK«∞ Jxfl ã≤á¶ê~°ã¨∞Å∞ „Ѩã¨∞Î`«O „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO P"≥∂kOz#k. D ã≤á¶ê~°ã¨∞Å∞ yi[# Éèí∂=ÚʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz#q. 1. yi[# Éèí∂=ÚʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã≤á¶ê~°ã¨∞Å∞ 4/ 1 Heighest 2. Éèí∂ ã¨O㨯~°}ʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# ã≤á¶ê~°ã¨∞Å∞ 4/ 2 Heighest =ÚMϺOâßÅ∞: 1. Éèí∂ ã¨=∞㨺Š=Å¡ ÃÑ@∞ì|_ç, Ѩ~°Ñ¨u ã¨=∞㨺Š=Å¡ ã¨O=`«û~åxH˜ 1.3% Pi÷Hõ =$kú HÀÖ’Ê"åeû =ã¨∞Î#flk 2. ^ŒâßÉÏÌÅ `«~°|_ç „Ñ¨u lÖÏ¡Ö’ J@g, Ô~"≥#∂º, ã¨iǨÏ^Œ∞Ì ã¨=∞㨺Å∞ JѨi+¨¯ $`«OQÍ L#flq st

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3. Ã+_»∞ºÖò¤ „áêO`åÅÖ’ ã¨O=`«û~åÅ∞ QÆ_Kç Õ H˘nÌ yi[# Éè∂í =ÚÅÃÑ· yi[# PkèÑ`¨ º« O `«yáæ È=ÙK«∞#flk. `≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ "ÕÅZHõ~åÅ W<åO Éèí∂=ÚÅ ã¨=∞㨺 JѨi+¨¯ $`«OQÍ<Õ L#flk. 4. ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ H“Å∞Ö’ Z‰õΩ¯= ÉèÏQÆO Informal QÍ L#flk. 5. "ÕÅ ZHõ~åÅ Éèí∂ q"å^•Å∞ HÀ~°∞ìÅÖ’ L#flq. 15, 20 ã¨O=`«û~åÅ #∞Oz ¿Ñ^ŒÅ∞ <åºÜ«∞O H˘~°‰õΩ Z^Œ∞~°∞ K«∂ã¨∞<Î åfl~°∞. „ѨÉèí∞`«fi Éèí∂=ÚÅ x~°fiǨÏ} (Chapter - I) O 42 ÅHõ∆Å ZHõ~åÅ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi Éèí∂q∞ ¿Ñ^ŒÅ‰õΩ W=fi_»O [iyOk. WOHÍ Z‰õΩ¯= Éèí∂q∞ L#flѨÊ\˜H© ¿Ñ^ŒÅ‰õΩ ѨOÑ≤}© KÕÜ«∞ÖË^Œ∞. O 20–22 ÅHõ∆Å ZHõ~åÅ JÃã·<£¤ Éèí∂q∞ Ѩ~å~¸Hõ~°} [iÔQ#∞. O ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ ѨOÑ≤}©H˜ J#∞"≥·# Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ 14 ~°HÍÅ∞QÍ L#flq O JÃã·<£¤ KÕÜ«∞|_ç# Éèí∂=ÚÅ#∞ „QÍ=∞ã¨Éèí P"≥∂kOKåe. O JÃã·<£¤ Éèí∂=ÚÅ#∞ Z=Ô~·<å H˘#∞QÀÅ∞ KÕ¿ãÎ "åi #∞O_ç "å~°∞ á⁄Ok# P^•Ü«∂xH˜ Ô~\˜ìOѨ٠=ã¨∂Å∞ KÕÜ«∂e. Éèí∂q∞ ǨωõΩ¯Å∞, iHÍ~°∞¤Å∞ (Chapter - II) O ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ KåÖÏ Éèí∂=ÚʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz iHÍ~°∞¤Å∞ 㨄Hõ=∞OQÍ ÖË=Ù. `≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ XHõ âßOѨÙÖò 㨈~fi „ѨHÍ~° ÅHõ∆ ZHõ~åÅ∞ Sada Bainama J#QÍ ilã¨ì~ü HÍxq (ÖÏ^•) "≥·\ò ¿ÑѨ~üÃÑ· ã¨O`«HõO`À H˘#∞QÀÅ∞ KÕã≤#q. nx=Å¡ Éèí∂ q"å^•Å∞ ÃÑiy =º=™êÜ«∞ L`«Ê`«∞ÎÅ∞ ‰õÄ_® `«QÆ∞æK«∞#flq. HÍ|\˜ì HÀ<Õ~°∞ ~°OQÍ~å=Ù z#fl Ô~·`«∞ʼnõΩ, LáêO`« Ô~·`«∞ʼnõΩ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi"Õ∞ Lz`«OQÍ Ñ¨\Ïì^•~°∞ áêã¨∞ ѨÙã¨ÎHÍÅ#∞ W"åfiÅx ã¨∂zOK≥#∞. H“Å∞ ã¨O㨯~°}ʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz#q (Chapter - III) O `≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ ~°H˜∆`« H“Å∞^•~°∞Å∞, ™ê^è•~°} H“Å∞^•~°∞Å∞ HõÅ~°∞. „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO ‰õΩ@∞O| Hõ=∞`«O JO>Ë =∂QÍ}˜ Éèí∂q∞ 6–9 ZHõ~åÅ∞, "≥∞@ì Éèí∂q∞ 24–72 ZHõ~åÅ∞ LO_®Åx ã¨∂zOK≥#∞. O H“Å∞^•~°∞ʼnõΩ Pi÷Hõ ™È÷=∞`« ÖËHõ Éèí∂q∞x Jaè=$kú KÕÜ«∞ÖËHõáÈ`«∞<åfl~°∞. HÍ|\˜ì giH˜ J~°›`« HÍ~°∞¤Å#∞ ѨOÑ≤}© KÕã≤ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO ã¨OѶ¨∞\˜`« ~°∞}ÏÅ#∞ JOkOKåe. <À\ò L=∞‡_ç ZÑ≤ ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ Land cultivaters Act - 2011 #∞ fã¨∞H˘K≥Û#∞. Wk H“Å∞^•~°∞ʼnõΩ J~°›`« Ѩ„`åÅ#∞ WzÛ ÉϺO‰õΩÅ ^•fi~å ~°∞}ÏÅ∞ W=fi_®xH˜ L^ÕÌtOK«|_ç#k. O 6 ã¨O=`«û~åÅ∞ =~°∞ã¨QÍ H“Å∞‰õΩ KÕ¿ãÎ J`«_»∞ ~°H˜∆`« H“Å∞^•~°∞_»∞QÍ Ñ≤Å=|_»`å_»∞. Ü«∞[=∂x Éèí∂q∞x J=∂‡ÅO>Ë "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜ H“Å∞ ^•~°∞_çˆH J=∂‡e. O Ü«∞[=∂x ™⁄O`« =º=™êÜ«∂xH˜ Éèí∂q∞x fã¨∞HÀ^ŒÅK«∞‰õΩO>Ë ‰õΩ@∞O| Hõ=∞`åxH˜ 3 Ô~@∞¡ H“Å∞^•~°∞x #∞Oz "≥#H˜¯ fã¨∞HÀ=K«∞Û. HÍx ~°H˜∆`« H“Å∞^•~°∞_çHõ ‰õΩ@∞O| Hõ=∞`åxfl LOKåe. Éèí∂q∞ tã¨∞ΉõΩ 3–5 Ô~@∞¡ H“Å∞ K≥e¡OKåe (ÖË^•) ѨO@Ö’ 1/4 – 1/5 =O`«∞ K≥e¡OKåe. Éèí∂ ã¨O㨯~°}ʼnõΩ (QÆi+¨ì Ѩiq∞u) ã¨O|OkèOz#k (Chapter - IV) O QÆi+¨ì Ѩiq∞u K«@Oì ÉèÏ~°`« ~å*ϺOQÆOÖ’x P^ÕtHõ ã¨∂„`åÅ#∞ P^è•~°OQÍ KÕã∞¨ ‰õΩx fã¨∞‰õΩ=K≥Û#∞. D K«@Oì „Ñ¨HÍ~°O q∞QÆ∞Å∞ Éèí∂q∞Ö’ 50% Zã‘û, Zã‘ìʼnõΩ W"åe. nx „ѨHÍ~°O 16 ÅHõ∆Å ZHõ~åÅ q∞QÆ∞Å∞ Éèí∂q∞ LO_»QÍ ™êfinè#O KÕã¨∞‰õΩ#fl Éèí∂q∞ 8 ÅHõ∆Å ZHõ~åÅ∞.. ѨOÑ≤}© KÕã≤Ok 5.8 ÅHõ∆Å ZHõ~åÅ∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞. O HÀ<Õ~°∞ ~°OQÍ~å=Ù q∞QÆ∞Å∞ Éèí∂q∞x ¿Ñ^ŒÅ‰õΩ ѨOKÕ@ѨÙÊ_»∞ ZÖÏO\˜ ^èŒ~° fã¨∞HÀ‰õΩO_® (PÃã·<£¤ Éèí∂q∞ =Öˇ) Lz`«OQÍ Ñ¨OÑ≤}© KÕÜ«∂Å<≥#∞.

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„ѨHÍ~°O Éèí∂q∞ ÖËx =º=™êÜ«∞ ‰õÄbÅ∞, KÕu=$`«∞ÎÅ "å~°∞, „ѨÉèí∞`«fi MÏm ã¨÷ÖÏÅÖ’ QÆ∞_çÃãÅ∞ "Õã¨∞‰õΩx x=t¿ãÎ "å\˜ÃÑ· ǨωõΩ¯ "åiH˜ W=fi=K«∞Û. J~Ú`Õ Z=∂‡~°∂fiKÕ x~°‚~ÚOK«|_ç# ^èŒ~°#∞ K≥e¡OKåe. J~Ú`Õ D Hõq∞\© ZÖÏO\˜ ^èŒ~° =ã¨∂Å∞ KÕÜ«∞‰õÄ_»^Œx ã¨∂zOK≥#∞. Éèí∂q∞ iHÍ~°∞¤Å∞ (Chapter - VI) O 2 â◊`åÉÏÌÅ „H˜`«O #∞Oz Éèí∂q∞ iHÍ~°∞¤Å∞ `å*Ï Ñ¨~°K«ÖË^Œ∞. Éèí∂ Ü«∂[=∂#ºO ™ê~°fi[h#O HÍÖË^Œ∞. nxH˜ HÍ~°}O Survey, Revenue Registration Departments D =¸_çO\˜ =∞^茺 ã¨=∞#fiÜ«∞O ÖËHõáÈ=_»"Õ∞. O 1988 #∞O_ç Hˆ O„^Œ „ѨÉ∞íè `«fi x^è∞Œ Å`À Éè∂í q∞ iHÍ~°∞Ť ∞ P^è∞Œ hHõiOK«_O» [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#flk. J~Ú`Õ Éè∂í q∞ >ˇ\ÿ Ö˜ ò (J_»OQÆÖò/ ѨÇ¨ h) =∂„`«"∞Õ HõOѨӺ@sHõ~}° HÍ|_çOk. Geographical Record HõOѨӺ@sHõ~}° HÍ|_»Ö^Ë ∞Œ (village Map) HÍ|\˜ì ~°OQÍ~å=Ù Hõ=∞\© LIS (Intigrated land Information system) =∞iÜ«Ú Éè∂í ѨiáêÅ<å q^è•<åxfl XˆH Q˘_»∞QÆ∞ „H˜O^Œ‰Ωõ fã¨∞HÀ"åÅx ã¨∂zOK≥#∞. ^Õ"åÅÜ«∞ Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ ZO_À"≥∞O\ò ÖϺO_£û (Chapter - VII) L=∞‡_ç ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ 3.8 ÅHõ∆Å ZHõ~åÅ ^Õ"å^•Ü«∞ Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ HõÅ=Ù. ^Õ"å^•Ü«∞ Éè∂í =ÚÅ∞ q„Hõ~ÚOKÕ@ѨÙÊ_»∞, bA‰õΩ WKÕÛ@ѨÙÊ_»∞ |Ç≤Ï~°OQÆOQÍ [~°QÍÅx ã¨∂zOK≥#∞. QÆ`O« Ö’ ã¨∞„Ñ‘OHÀ~°∞ì f~°∞Ê L#flѨÊ\˜H© ^•xx Ju„Hõq∞ã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. HÍ|\˜ì ^Õ"åÅÜ«∞ Éèí∂=ÚÅ#∞ ‰õÄ_® ~°H˜∆OKåe. D Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ H“Å∞‰õΩ WKÕÛ HÍÅѨiq∞ux 6 #∞Oz 3 ã¨O=`«û~åʼnõΩ `«yæOKåe. `≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ Ѩi+¨¯iOK«|_»x W<åO Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ (Chapter - VIII) O ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ W<åO Éèí∂=ÚÅ ~°^Œ∞Ì K«@ìO 1955Ö’ fã¨∞‰õΩ~å=_»O [iyOk. L=∞‡_ç UÑ≤Ö’ `≥ÅOQÍ}‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz 1967Ö’ W<åOÅ#∞ ~°^Œ∞Ì KÕã¨∂Î K«@ìO fã¨∞H˘K≥Û#∞. nxx 1970Ö’ ÃÇ·ÏHÀ~°∞ì H˘\˜ì "Õã≤Ok. O `≥ÅOQÍ}Ö’ WѨÊ\˜H© "ÕÅ W<åO Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ Ѩi+¨¯iOK«|_»ÖË^Œ∞ XHõ ~°OQÍÔ~_ç¤ lÖÏ¡Ö’<Õ 18 "ÕÅ ZHõ~åÅ W<åO Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞Å∞ Ѩi+¨¯iOKåeû LOk. yi[# Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞(41) (Chapter - IX ) O ~°OQÍ~å=Ù Hõq∞\© KÕã≤# ã≤á¶ê~°ã¨∞ÅÖ’ Z‰õΩ¯= ã≤á¶ê~°ã¨∞Å∞ yi[#∞ʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz#"Õ. QÆ`«OÖ’ 1959Ö’ AP SALTR K«@O ì (AP Scheduled Area Land Transfer Regulation Act) yi[# Éè∂í =ÚÅ ~°H}∆õ ‰õΩ L#flѨÊ\˜H© "ÕÅH˘Åk ZHõ~åÅ∞ yi[<Õ`«~°∞Å KÕ`«∞ÅÖ’H˜ áÈ~Ú#q. nxx xeÑ≤"ÕÜ«∞HõáÈ`Õ Jã¨Å∞ yi[#∞Å KÕ`«∞Ö’¡ Éèí∂"Õ∞ LO_»^Œ∞. O 1874Ö’ Ã+_»∞ºÖò¤ lÖÏ¡Å K«@ìO =K≥Û#∞. O „a\©+π HÍÅOÖ’ yi[#∞ʼnõΩ Wk „Ѩ`ÕºHõ Ǩϟ^•#∞ HõeÊOzOk. O yi[<Õ`«~°∞Å ed`« ѨÓ~°fiHõ ™êHõ∆ ºO HõO>Ë yi[#∞Å =∞ødHõ ™êH∆ͺxH˜ JkèHõ „áê^è•#º`« W"åfie O yi[#∞Å [<åÉèÏ 50% ^•\˜`Õ ^•xx Ã+_»∂ºÖò¤ UiÜ«∂QÍ „ѨHõ\ ˜OKåe. O yi[# „áêO`åÅÖ’ yi[<Õ`«~°∞Å Éèí∂=ÚÅ#∞ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi"Õ∞ H˘#∞QÀÅ∞ KÕã≤ yi[#∞ʼnõΩ ѨOÑ≤}© KÕÜ«∂e. Éèí∂ q"å^•Å∞ (Chapter - X) O Éèí∂ q"å^•Å∞ Ѩiëê¯~åxH˜ „Ѩ`ÕºHõOQÍ ÃÇ·ÏHÀ~°∞ì ɡOKü LO_®e O 50–75% ˆHã¨∞efl „QÍ=∞OÖ’<Õ „QÍ=∞ HÀ~°∞ìÅ∞ U~åÊ@∞KÕã≤ Ѩi+¨¯iOKåe. JO^Œ∞ÉÏ@∞Ö’ L#fl Éèí∂=ÚÅxflO\˜h ™êfinè#O KÕã∞¨ ‰õΩx ѨOÑ≤}© KÕ¿ãÎ Éè∂í q∞ ÖËx „Ѩu ¿Ñ^Œ ~Ô `· ∞« ʼnõΩ XHõ ZHõ~O° K˘Ñ¨ÙÊ# ѨOÑ≤}© KÕÜ∞« _®xH˜ `«y#O`« Éè∂í q∞ „ѨÉèí∞`åfixH˜ JO^Œ∞ÉÏ@∞Ö’ LOk. „QÍ=∞OÖ’ Éèí∂q∞x Z=iHõ"åfiÖ’ x~åúiOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ „QÍ=∞ Hõq∞\©Å∞ LO_®e. D „QÍ=∞ Hõq∞\©Ö’ „QÍ=∞ ã¨~°ÊOKü – J^Œº‰õ∆Ω_çQÍ,|ÅÇ‘Ï#=~åæʼnõΩ K≥Ok# =ºH˜Î HÍ~°º^Œi≈QÍ LO_®e. D Hõq∞\© ã¨∂zOz# "å~°O^ŒiH© Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ W"åfie. ZHÍ#q∞

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=∞iH˘xfl W`«~° K«\ÏìÅ∞ O Z.Ñ≤ Ô~QÆ∞ºÖË+¨<£ K«@ìO – 1970 (Ã+_»∂ºÖò¤ „áêO`åÅ Ô~·`åfis Ãã\˜Öò"≥∞O\ò K«@ìO) O „a\©+π"åi HÍÅOÖ’ =∞„^•ã¨∞ „ÃÑã≤_≥hû UiÜ«∂Ö’ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜QÍ 1839Ö’ QÆO*ÏO, qâßYѨ@flO Ü«∂‰õΩì fã¨∞‰õΩ~å=_»O [iyOk. O U*ˇhû „\ÏH±ì û WO@Ô~ãπì Éèí∂q∞ |^ŒÖÏ~ÚOѨ٠K«@ìO 1917Ö’ =∞„^•ãπ „ÃÑã≤_≥hû QÆO*ÏO, qâßY, QÀ^•=i lÖϡʼnõΩ =iÎOKÕ q^èŒOQÍ fã¨∞‰õΩ~å=_»O J~ÚOk. Wk yi[#∞Å#∞, yi[<Õ`«∞Å #∞O_ç HÍáê_»_®xH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz#k. O L=∞‡_ç UÑ‘ ~å„+¨Oì U~°Ê_ç# `«~åfi`« 1959‰õΩ =ÚO^Œ∞Ö’ Z.Ñ≤ (Scheduled Area ) ÖϺO_£ „\Ï#ûѶ~¨ ü ~Ô QÆ∞ºÖË+<¨ £ Ü«∂‰õΩì 1959Ö’ fã¨∞H˘K≥Û#∞. nxx 1963 #∞Oz `≥ÅOQÍ} yi[#∞ʼnõΩ =iÎOѨ*ÃË ã#∞. nxx =∞~°Å 1979Ö’ ã¨=iOK≥#∞. nxx ZÖò\ ©P~ü K«@ìO Jx Ñ≤Å∞™êÎ~°∞ (Land Transfer Regulation) Wk Ã+_»∂ºÖò¤ „áêO`«OÖ’ yi[<Õ`«~°∞ʼnõΩ Éèí∂q∞ |^ŒÖÏ~ÚOѨÙ#∞ x¿+kOzOk. Éèí∂q∞ |^ŒÖÏ~ÚOѨ٠x¿+^èŒ K«@ìO (Regulation of one - 1970) O K«@Oì „Ñ¨HÍ~°O Ã+_»∂ºÖò¤ „áêO`«OÖ’x Éè∂í =ÚÅhfl yi[#∞Å∞, Pk"åã‘ÜÚ« ňH K≥O^Œ∞`å~Ú. yi[<Õ`~« ∞° Å∞ P „áêO`«OÖ’ Éè∂í q∞x H˘#_»O x¿+^èOŒ JO>Ë yi[<Õ`~« ∞° Ån yi[# Éè∂í =ÚÖË HÍ^Œ∞ yi[<Õ`∞« ~°∞Å =^ŒÌ QÆÅ yi[# Éè∂í =ÚÅ∞ ‰õÄ_® H˘#~å^Œ∞. yi[#∞Å∞ Z=Ô~·<å Éèí∂=ÚÅ#∞ J=Ú‡HÀ=Åã≤ =¿ãÎ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi"Õ∞ H˘x Éèí∂q∞ ÖËx yi[#∞ʼnõΩ W"åfie. Z.Ñ≤. |Ç≤Ï~°OQÆ „Ѩ^Õâ◊=ÚÅ (J#kèHÍ~° P„Hõ=∞} ^•~°∞Å `˘ÅyOѨÙ) K«@ìO – 1968 O Z=iH© K≥O^Œ‰Ωõ O_® L#fl Éè∂í =ÚÅhfl „ѨÉ∞íè `«fi Éè∂í =ÚÖË. MÏmQÍ L#fl „ѨÉ∞íè `«fi Éè∂í =ÚÅ#∞ KåÖÏ =∞Ok P„Hõq∞OK«∞HÀ=_»O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞#flk. P q^èŒOQÍ J„Hõ=∞OQÍ P„Hõq∞OK«∞‰õΩ#fl "åix MÏm KÕ~ÚOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ L#fl K«\ÏìÅÖ’ Wk XHõ\ ˜. |Ç≤Ï~°OQÆ „Ѩ^ÕâßÅÖ’ Z=Ô~·<å J#kèHÍiHõOQÍ MÏm „Ѩ^Õâßxfl P„Hõq∞OK«∞‰õΩO>Ë ^•xfl MÏm KÕÜ«∞=Åã≤OkQÍ <À\©ã¨∞ W™êÎ~°∞. <À\©ã¨∞ JOk# `Õn #∞O_ç 30 ~ÀAŠ֒Ѩ٠P „Ѩ^Õâßxfl P =ºH˜Î MÏm KÕÜ«∞HõáÈ`Õ |Å=O`«OQÍ |Ü«∞@‰õΩ QÔ O\˜"Ü Õ ∞« _»O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. UÑ≤ Éèí∂ P„Hõ=∞}Å K«@ìO – 1905 O „ѨÉ∞íè `åfixH˜ K≥Ok# áÈ~°OÉ’‰õΩ Éè∂í =ÚÅ#∞ K«@qì ~°∞^ŒOú QÍ P„Hõq∞OK«∞@‰õΩ x"åiOK«∞@‰õΩ D K«@Oì ~°∂á⁄OkOK«|_çOk. Wk L=∞‡_ç =∞„^•ãπ ~å„+¨ì „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO ~°∂á⁄OkOzOk. JO>Ë W^Õ PO„^èŒ „áêO`åxˆH Ѩiq∞`«O. L=∞‡_ç UÑ≤ U~°Ê_ç# `«~åfi`« UÑ≤ q∞ye# „áêO`åʼnõΩ =iÎOѨ KÕÃã#∞. O UÑ≤ J„Hõ=∞ Éèí∂ ™êfinè# (qã¨Î~°} =∞iÜ«Ú ã¨=~°}) K«@ìO – 1958 fã¨∞‰õΩ~å|_çOk. JѨÊ\˜ #∞O_ç D K«@ìO UÑ≤ "≥Ú`åÎxH˜ =iÎã¨∞ÎOk. Z.Ñ≤. Z=iH© K≥O^Œx Éèí∂=ÚÅ ™êfinè# K«@ìO – 1974 U^Õx Éèí∂q∞H˜ K«@ì|^Œú"≥∞ÿ# Ü«∞[=∂x ÖË#ѨÙÊ_»∞ (ÖË^•) P Ü«∞[=∂xH˜ "å~°ã¨∞Å∞ ÖË#ѨÙÊ_»∞ P Éèí∂q∞x „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO ™êfinè#Ѩ~°K«∞‰õΩ<ÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ 1974 ã¨O=`«û~°OÖ’ D K«\Ïìxfl fã¨∞H˘K≥Û#∞. nx „ѨHÍ~°O „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO ^ŒO_À~å (ÖË^•) „QÍ=∞ã¨É#íè ∞ U~åÊ@∞KÕã≤ P Éè∂í q∞H˜ "å~°ã∞¨ Å∞ Z=~°∂ ÖË~x° x~åúiOz# `«~åfi`« „ѨÉ∞íè `«fiO P Éè∂í q∞x ™êfinè#Ѩ~K° ∞« ‰õΩO@∞Ok. nxx Éèí∂q∞ ÖËx ¿Ñ^ŒÅ‰õΩ ѨOÑ≤}© KÕã¨∞ÎOk. UÑ‘ Éèí∂ P„Hõ=∞} (x~À^èŒHõ) K«@ìO –1982 (Land Grabbing (Prohibition) Act)) O ÖϺO_£ „QÍaOQ∑ K«@ìOQÍ ¿Ñ~°∞ á⁄Ok# D K«@ìO „Ѩ`ÕºH˜Oz Ѩ@ì} „áêO`«OÖ’ Éèí∂=ÚÅ J„Hõ=∞ P„Hõ=∞}Å x~À^è•xH˜ L^ÕÌtOK«|_ç#k. D K«@ìO „ѨHÍ~°O „ѨÉèí∞`«fi Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞ H͉õΩO_® „ÃÑ·"Õ@∞ =º‰õΩÎʼnõΩ K≥Ok# Éèí∂=ÚʼnõΩ ™ê÷xHõ ã¨Oã¨÷Å∞, ^Õ"å^•Ü«∞, ^èŒ~å‡^è•Ü«∞..

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5. PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’ =º=™êÜ«∞O – Éèí∂q∞ qxÜ≥∂QÆO (`≥Å∞QÆ∞ JHÍ_»q∞) PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò Pi÷Hõ =º=ã¨÷Ö’ „Ѩ^è•#"≥∞ÿ# =º=™êÜ«∞ ~°OQÆO ~å„+¨ìOÖ’x ã¨QÆO [<åÉèωõΩ ÃÑ·QÍ r=<å^è•~åxfl JOk™ÈÎOk. =„ã¨Î Ѩi„â◊=∞,ѨOK«^•~°, á⁄Q͉õΩ, =O@#∂<≥Å∞ "≥Ú^ŒÖ#·ˇ =º=™êÜ«∂^è•i`« Ѩi„â◊=∞ʼnõΩ =Ú_çÑ^¨ •~å÷Å#∞ =º=™êÜ«∞ ~°OQÆO ã¨ÑÜ ¡¨ ∞ü KÕã¨∞ÎOk. áêi„âßq∞Hõ ~°OQÆOÖ’ L`«ÊuÎ J~Ú# =ã¨∞Î=ÙʼnõΩ `«y# _ç=∂O_£#∞ ã¨$+≤ìã¨∞ÎOk. „Ѩ}ÏoHõÅ∞ q[Ü«∞=O`«O HÍ=_»=∞<Õk KåÖÏ =~°‰õΩ =º=™êÜ«∞~°OQÆO Ѩxf~°∞ÃÑ· P^è•~°Ñ¨_ç LOk. O ÉèÏ~°`«^Õâ◊ "≥Ú`«ÎO ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞Ö’ ѨÓ~°fi PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò ~å¢+¨ì "≥Ú`«ÎO ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ 1995 #∞Oz 2001 ã¨OII <å\˜H˜ 8.4% #∞Oz 7.2%xH˜ `«yæ#@∞¡ HõxÑ≤ã¨∞ÎOk. O ÉèÏ~°`«^Õâ◊OÖ’ 1955–56 ã¨OIIÖ’ "≥Ú`«ÎO xHõ~°™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞, h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ Hõeæ#k 12.5%, 12.1%QÍ LO_»QÍ 2000–01 <å\˜H˜ Jk =~°∞ã¨QÍ 7.9%, 8.3%xH˜ `«yæOk. J^Õ HÍÅOÖ’ ~å¢+¨ìO PǨ~°^è•<åºÅ L`«ÊuÎ ^Õâ◊O "≥Ú`«ÎO PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅ L`«ÊuÎÖ’ 8.1% #∞Oz 6.3âß`«O‰õΩ `«yæ#@∞¡ JOK«<åÅ∞ K≥ѨÙÎ<åfl~Ú. O Hõ~°∞=Ù Ñ‘_ç`« „áêO`åÅÖ’ ™êQÆÜÕ∞º =º=™êÜ«∂xfl ''"≥ ∞ @ì ¿ ã^Œ º O—— QÍ#∞, ™êQÆ∞h\˜ =ã¨`«∞Å∞ ÖˉõΩO_® ™êyOKÕ Jxfl `«~°Ç¨Å ¿ã^•ºxfl ''=~å¬^è•~° ¿ã^ŒºO—— QÍ#∞ W\©=Å HÍÅOÖ’ K≥ѨCHÀ=_»O [~°∞QÆ∞K«∞#flk. Éèí∂q∞ qxÜ≥∂QÆO – f~°∞`≥#∞flÅ∞ Éè∫QÀoHõOQÍ PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’ 1,60,20,400 ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡ Éèí∂q∞ LOk. Éèí∂ =#~°∞Å qxÜ≥∂QÍxH˜ ã¨O|OkèOz# QÆ}ÏOHõ q=~åÅ P^è•~°OQÍ Éèí∂q∞x 9 ~°HÍÅ∞QÍ qÉèílOK«=K«∞Û. 1. J_»=ÙÅ∞(Forests) 2. =º=™êÜÕ∞`«~° J=ã¨~åʼnõΩ qxÜ≥∂yã¨∞Î#fl Éèí∂q∞ (Land put to Non-Agricultural uses) 3. |O[~°∞, =º=™êÜ«∞ Ü≥∂QƺOHÍx Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ (Barren and Uncultivable lands) 4. ѨzÛHõ |Ü«∞à◊√¡, Ѩâ◊√=ÙÅ "Õ∞`« ÃÑOKÕ Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ (Parmanent Pastures and other Grazing lands) 5. xHõ~° ¿ã^Œº Éèí∂q∞Ö’H˜ KÕ~°Ûx qq^èŒ (=$Hõ∆) `À@Å∞, `ÀѨÙÅ∞ (Miscellaneous tree crops and Groves Not included inthe net area sown) 6. |O[~°∞QÍ L#fl ¿ã^Œº Éèí∂q∞ (Cultivable Waste ) 7. W`«~° c_»∞ Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ (Other fallow lands) 8. „Ѩã¨∞Î`« c_»∞ Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ (Current fallow lands) 9. xHõ~° ¿ã^Œº Éèí∂q∞ (Net area sown) i) XHõ™êi HõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯=™ê~°∞¡ ¿ã^ŒºO KÕ¿ã Éèí∂q∞ (Area sown more than once) ii) ã¨∂÷Å ÖË^• "≥Ú`«ÎO ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ (Gross Cropped or total Cropped area) O Éè∫QÀoHõOQÍ 160.20 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡ "≥·âßźO Hõeæ, ^Õâ◊OÖ’ 8= JuÃÑ^ŒÌ ~å¢+¨ìOQÍ PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò L#flk. ~å¢+¨ìO 974km ã¨=Ú„^Œf~°O`À 2= ™ê÷#O P„Hõq∞OzOk. O ~å¢ëêìxH˜ qq^èŒ #^Œ∞Å ^•fi~å "≥Ú`«ÎO LѨi`«ÅO h~°∞ 2,764 TMC Å∞ JO>Ë 75% xHõ~°OQÍ Åaèã¨∞ÎOk. H˘xfl ~å„ëêìÅ`À áÈe¿ãÎ #n Ѩs"åǨÏHõ „áêO`«O Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ LOk. O ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ =º=™êÜ«∞O =~°¬áê`«O g∞^Œ<Õ P^è•~°Ñ¨_ç L#flk. ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ =~°¬áê`åxH˜ Ô~O_»∞ ~°HÍÖˇ·# P^è•~åÅ∞ Jq. <≥·|∞∞u |∞∞`«∞Ѩ=<åÅ∞ (E<£–ÃãÃÑìO|~ü) Dâß#º |∞∞`«∞Ѩ=<åÅ∞ (JHÀì|~ü–_çÃãO|~ü) O ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ Z‰õΩ¯= =~°¬áê`«O <≥ · | ∞∞u |∞∞`« ∞ Ѩ = <åÅ ^•fi~å<Õ Åaèã¨∞Î#flk.

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lÖÏ¡Å "ås Éèí∂ qxÜ≥∂QÍxfl Ѩije¿ãÎ O Hõ_»Ñ¨, „ѨHÍâ◊O, z`«∂Î~°∞, qâßYѨ@flO, `«∂~°∞ÊQÀ^•=i lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ J_»=ÙÅ qã‘Î~°‚O Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ LOk. D S^Œ∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ "≥Ú`«ÎO 22.91 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡Ö’ J_»=ÙÅ∞ qã¨ÎiOz L#flq. ~å„+¨ìO "≥Ú`«ÎO J_»=ÙÅ qã‘Î~°‚OÖ’ 63.0% L#fl@∞¡ `≥Å∞ã¨∞ÎOk. O =º=™êÜÕ∞`«~° Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ <≥ Å ∂¡ ~ ° ∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’#∞ |O[~°∞, c_» ∞ Éè í ∂ =ÚÅ∞ J#O`« Ñ ¨ Ù ~° O lÖÏ¡Ö’¡#∂ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#flq. ~å„+¨ìO "≥Ú`«ÎO |O[~°∞, c_»∞ Éèí∂=ÚÅÖ’ 5= =O`«∞ XHõ¯ J#O`«Ñ¨Ù~°O lÖÏ¡Ö’<Õ L<åflÜ«∞x `≥Å∞™ÈÎOk. O xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞Éè∂ í q∞ Hõ~∂° flÅ∞, J#O`«ÑÙ¨ ~°O lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ L<åfl, XHõ™êi HõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ ™êQÆ∞KÕÜÚ« Éè∂í =ÚÅ∞ LÉèÜ í ∞« QÀ^•=i, Hõ$ëê‚ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ JkèHõOQÍ L<åfl~Ú. O „áêO`åÅ"ås ѨijÅ#Ö’ 40.65% J_»=ÙÅ∞, 49.0% =º=™êÜ«∞ Ü≥∂QƺOHÍx Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞, 49.0% |O[~°∞, c_»∞ Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞Ö’x <åÅ∞QÆ∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ L<åfl~Ú. XHõ™êi HõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯= ™êQÆ∞KÕÜ«∞|_Õ Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞Ö’ KåÖÏ `«‰õΩ¯= (14.3 âß`«O ) L#fl@∞¡ QÆ=∞xOK«=K«∞Û. O LÉèíÜ«∞ QÀ^•=i, Hõ$ëê‚ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡x Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ =º=™êÜ«∞ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂ʼnõΩ ÉÏQÍ qxÜ≥∂yOK«|_»∞`«∞<åflÜ«∞x `≥Å∞ã¨∞ÎOk. PǨ~°, PǨˆ~`«~° ѨO@Å qã‘Î~°‚O – ^èÀ~°}∞Å∞ O =º=™êÜ«∞ ѨO@Å#∞ =ÚYºOQÍ Ô~O_»∞ ~°HÍÅ∞QÍ qÉèílOK«=K«∞Û. Jq Z) PǨ~° ѨO@Å∞ – =i, QÀ^èŒ∞=∞, `«$}^è•<åºÅ∞, ѨѨÙÊ ^è•<åºÅ∞ =ÚYº"≥∞ÿ# PǨ~°Ñ¨O@Å∞ a) PǨˆ~`«~° ѨO@Å∞ – ѨuÎ, á⁄Q͉õΩ, [#∞=Ú =ÚYº"≥∞ÿ# PǨˆ~`«~° ѨO@Å∞. O #∂<≥ yO[Å L`«ÊuÎ QÆ`« 50 ã¨OIIÖ’ Ô~\˜ìOѨ٠J~ÚOk. nxH˜ HÍ~°}O h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ ÅÉèíº`« L#fl Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞ ÃÑ~°QÆ@"Õ∞. HÍx, =Ú`«Hõ ^è•<åºÅ∞, `«$}^è•<åºÅ∞ L`«ÊuÎ ÃÑ~°QÆ_®xH˜ ã¨OHõ~°*Ïu q`«Î<åÅ∞ "å_»∞@ÜÕ∞ „Ѩ^è•#HÍ~°}O. O =~å¬^è•~°OQÍ ™êQÆÜÕ∞º Éèí∂=ÚÖ’¡ L`«ÊuÎ 1 ÃÇÏHÍì~ü‰õΩ 1 @#∞fl LO>Ë, h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ ™œHõ~åºÅ∞#fl Éèí∂=ÚÅÖ’ =∂„`«O 1

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PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’x ѨO@Å f~°∞Ö’ „H˜Ok ÅHõ∆}ÏÅ∞ QÆ∞iÎOK«=K«∞Û: Jq ♦ "≥Ú`«ÎO ™êQÆ∞|_ç JÜÕ∞º Éèí∂q∞Ö’ PǨ~° ѨO@Å Éèí∂q∞ „áê^è•#º`« =Ç≤Ïã¨∞Î#flk. ♦ PǨ~° ѨO@ÅÖ’ ѨѨC^è•<åºÅ#∞ ѨO_çOKÕ Éèí∂q∞ `«QÆ∞æ^ŒÅÖ’ LO@∞Ok. ♦ PǨˆ~`«~° ѨO@Å Éèí∂q∞ ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞^ŒÅ âß`«O, PǨ~° ѨO@Å HõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ LOk. PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’ PǨ~°, PǨˆ~`«~° ѨO@Å H˜O^Œ L#fl Éèí∂q∞: (ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡Ö’) ã¨O=`«û~°O PǨÏ~° ѨO@Å∞ PǨˆ~`«~° ѨO@Å∞ "≥Ú`«ÎO qã‘Î~°‚O 2002–03 47.91 25.30 73.22 2013–14 54.91 26.35 81.27 2014–15 50.02 (67.7%) 24.87 (32.3%) 76.89 O PǨ~°, PǨˆ~`«~° "≥Ú`«ÎO ѨO@Å qã‘Î~°‚O 2002–03Ö’ 73.22 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡ #∞Oz „Hõ=∞OQÍ ÃÑiy 2007–08 <å\˜H˜ 85.47 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡‰õΩ ÃÑiy P `«~åfi`« H˘O`« `«yæ 2010–11 ã¨O=`«û~°OÖ’ QÆi+¨ìOQÍ 86.44 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡‰õΩ KÕiOk. 2002–15 =∞^茺 HÍÅOÖ’ "≥Ú`«ÎO ѨO@Å „H˜O^Œ Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚O xÅHõ_»QÍ ÖËHõ =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞ K≥O^Œ∞`«∞#fl@∞¡ „QÆÇ≤ÏOK«=K«∞Û. PǨˆ~`«~° ѨO@Å „H˜O^Œ Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚OÖ’ =∂~°∞ÊÖË nxH˜ HÍ~°}O. O PǨ~° ѨO@Öˇ·# =i, QÀ^èŒ∞=∞, z~°∞^è•<åºÅ∞, ѨѨÙÊ^è•<åºÅ „H˜O^Œ L#fl Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚O 2002–03Ö’ 47.91 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡ #∞Oz 2014–15Ö’ 52.02 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡‰õΩ KÕ~°∞‰õΩOk. JO>Ë PǨ~° ѨO@Å H˜O^Œ Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚O ã¨QÆ@∞# ã¨O=`«û~åxH˜ 31550 ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ ÃÑiy D 13 ã¨O=`«û~åÅ HÍÅOÖ’ 4.10 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡ =$kúx #"≥∂^Œ∞KÕã≤Ok. O PǨˆ~`«~° ѨO@Å H˜O^Œ Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚O 2002–03Ö’ 25.30 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡ #∞Oz 2013–14Ö’ 26.35 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡‰õΩ ÃÑiyOk. J~Ú`Õ 2002–15 =∞^躌 HÍÅOÖ’ PǨ~ˆ `«~° ѨO@Å „H˜O^Œ Éè∂í q∞ qã‘~Î O‚° KåÖÏ X_»∞^Œ∞_»∞‰õΩʼnõΩ Ö’<≥· 2004–05Ö’ QÆi+¨ìOQÍ 31.73 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡ #∞O_ç 2014–15Ö’ 24.87 ÅHõ∆Å Hõx+¨ì qã‘Î~å‚xH˜ KÕiOk. Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ =~å¬^è•~° PǨˆ~`«~° ѨO@Å ™êQÆ∞ =~°¬áê`« JxtÛu =Å¡ QÆ}hÜ«∞OQÍ =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞ K≥OkOk. O lÖÏ¡Å "ås PǨ~°, PǨˆ~`«~° ѨO@Å H˜Ok Éèí∂qã‘Î~°‚O 2014–15Ö’ D q^èŒOQÍ LOk. O "≥Ú`«ÎO ѨO@Å H˜Ok Éèí∂qã‘Î~°‚O Hõ~°∂flÅ∞lÖÏ¡Ö’ J`«ºkèHõOQÍ L#fl Hõ_»Ñ¨ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ J`«ºÅÊOQÍ#∂ LOk. O ~å„+¨ìOÖ’x Jxfl lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ PǨ~°, PǨˆ~`«~° ѨO@Å qã‘Î~°‚OÖ’ `Õ_®Å∞ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ LO_ç Hõ~°∂flÅ∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’ D `Õ_® `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ LO_»_»O QÆ=∞xOK«=Åã≤# q+¨Ü«∞O. O PǨ~° ѨO@Å qã‘Î~°‚O Hõ$ëê‚ (1), `«∂~°∞ÊQÀ^•=i (2), ѨtÛ=∞QÀ^•=i, QÆ∞O@∂~°∞, Hõ~°∂flÖò lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ JkèHõOQÍ LOk. ~å„+¨ìOÖ’x PǨ~° ѨO@Å H˜Ok qã‘Î~°‚O "≥Ú`«ÎOÖ’ 54.11% D S^Œ∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ LOk. ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞Ö’x q∞ye# z`«∂Î~°∞, Hõ_»Ñ¨,J#O`«Ñ¨Ù~°O lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ PǨ~° ѨO@Å qã‘Î~°‚O J`«ºÅÊOQÍ LOk. O „áêO`åÅ "åsQÍ qâı¡+≤¿ãÎ ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ PǨ~° ѨO@Å „H˜Ok Éèí∂ qã‘Î~°‚O <åÅæ= =O`«∞ HõO>Ë `«‰õΩ¯= ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞Ö’#∞, 75.56 âß`«O HÀ™êÎO„^èŒ „áêO`«OÖ’ L#fl@∞¡ `≥Å∞ã¨∞ÎOk. O PǨˆ~`«~° ѨO@Å H˜Ok Éèí∂ qã‘Î~°‚O J#O`« Ñ ¨ Ù ~° O lÖÏ¡Ö’ J`«ºkèHõOQÍ#∞, P`«~åfi`« Hõ~°∂flÅ∞, „ѨHÍâ◊O, QÆ∞O@∂~°∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ LOk. NH͉õΩà◊O lÖÏ¡Ö’ PǨˆ~`«~° ѨO@Å H˜Ok qã‘Î~°‚O J`«ºÅÊOQÍ LOk. ~å„+¨ìOÖ’x PǨˆ~`«~° ѨO@Å H˜Ok qã‘Î~°‚OÖ’ 56.43 âß`«O ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞Ö’x <åÅ∞QÆ∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡#∂, q∞ye# 43.57 âß`«O HÀ™êÎO„^èŒÖ’x 9 lÖÏ¡Ö’¡#∂ LOk. JO>Ë PǨˆ~`«~° ѨO@Å H˜Ok qã‘Î~°‚O ã¨QÆ@∞# ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ 3.51 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡, ã¨QÆ@∞# HÀ™êÎO„^èŒ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ 1.20 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ L#fl^Œx `≥Å∞ã¨∞ÎOk. D q=~åÅ#∞ |\˜ì Éèí∂ qxÜ≥∂QÆ q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞ "≥#∞Hõ|_ç L#fl@∞¡ „QÆÇ≤ÏOKåe.

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PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’ PǨ~° ѨO@Å H˜Ok qã‘Î~°‚O, L`«ÊuÎ (qã‘Î~°‚O ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡Ö’, L`«ÊuÎ ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ∞) ã¨O=`«û~°O PǨ  ~° ^è • <åºÅ∞ Ѩ Ñ ¨ Ù Ê ^è • <åºÅ∞ "≥ Ú `« Î O PǨ  ~° #∂<≥ yO[Å∞ z~°∞ ^è•<åºÅ∞ Ѩ O @Å∞ qã‘ Î ~ ° ‚ O L`« Ê uÎ qã‘ Î ~ ° ‚ O L`« Ê uÎ qã‘ Î ~ ° ‚ O L`« Ê uÎ qã‘ Î ~ ° ‚ O L`« Ê uÎ 2009-10 27.32 93.02 12.21 10.94 39.93 103.96 2013-14 31.72 106.19 11.09 10.79 42.81 116.93 14.38 22.42 2014-15 29.21 108.26 10.42 9.49 39.63 117.75 11.33 19.03 O PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅ∞, z~°∞^è•<åºÅ∞, ѨѨÙÊ ^è•<åºÅ "≥Ú`åÎxfl PǨ~° ѨO@Å "≥Ú`«ÎOQÍ Ñ¨iQÆ}˜™êÎ~°∞. ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅ∞, z~°∞^è•<åºÅ H˜O^Œ L#fl qã‘Î~°‚O =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞ K≥O^Œ∞`«∂ 2009–10Ö’ 27.32 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡ #∞Oz 2014–15 <å\˜H˜ 29.21 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡‰õΩ ÃÑiyOk. D ^è•<åºÅ L`«ÊuÎ 2009–15 =∞^茺 HÍÅOÖ’ J^Œ#OQÍ 15.24 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ∞ ÃÑiyOk. JO>Ë ã¨QÆ@∞# „Ѩu ã¨O=`«û~°O PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅ∞, z~°∞^è•<åºÅ L`«ÊuÎ 2.54 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ∞ ÃÑiyOk. O ѨѨÙÊ ^è•<åºÅ H˜O^Œ qã‘Î~°‚O 2009–10 #∞Oz 2012–13 =~°‰õΩ ÃÑiy P `«~åfi`« `«yæOk. J~Ú`Õ g\˜ L`«ÊuÎ 2009–15 =∞^茺 HÍÅOÖ’ `«‰õΩ¯= =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞ K≥Ok#k. O D HÍ~°}ÏÅ =Å¡ "≥Ú`«ÎO PǨ~° ѨO@Å „H˜O^Œ Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚OÖ’ ‰õÄ_® =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞ `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl=x `≥Å∞ã¨∞ÎOk. J~Ú`Õ PǨ~° ѨO@Å "≥Ú`«ÎO LuÊuÎ ã¨QÆ@∞# ã¨O=`«û~åxH˜ 2.30 ÅHõ∆Å @#∞flÅ∞ ÃÑiyOk. O #∂<≥yO[Å H˜Ok Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚O 2010–15 =∞^茺 4.59 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡ `«yæOk. JO>Ë ã¨QÆ@∞# ã¨O=`«û~åxH˜ 0.92 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡‰õΩ `«yæOk. J~Ú`Õ #∂<≥ yO[Å L`«ÊuÎ 2010–15 =∞^茺 HÍÅOÖ’ KåÖÏ =∂~°∞ÊK≥Ok<å `«yæ#@∞¡QÍ<Õ `≥Å∞ã¨∞ÎOk. O 2014–15Ö’ lÖÏ¡Å "ås PǨ~° ѨO@Å∞, #∂<≥ yO[Å „H˜Ok qã‘Î~°‚O, L`«ÊuÎ q=~åÅ∞ Ѩije¿ãÎ... PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅ∞, z~°∞ ^è•<åºÅ „H˜Ok Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚O 2014–15Ö’ ѨtÛ=∞ QÀ^•=i (1), `«∂~°∞ÊQÀ^•=i (2), QÆ∞O@∂~°∞, Hõ$ëê‚ lÖÏ¡ÅÖ’ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ LOk. D <åÅ∞QÆ∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ 15.60 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡Ö’x PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅ, z~°∞ ^è•<åºÅ „H˜O^Œ qã‘Î~°‚O, ~å„+¨ìOÖ’x 29.18 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡Ö’ 53.46% L#fl@∞¡ `≥Å∞ã¨∞ÎOk. ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ D ^è•<åºÅ qã‘Î~°‚O "≥Ú`«ÎOÖ’ ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡x qã‘Î~°‚O 15% HõO>Ë `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ#∞, HÀ™êÎ PO„^èŒ qã‘Î~°‚O 85% LOk. O D ^è•<åºÅ L`«ÊuÎÖ’ ‰õÄ_® ѨtÛ=∞ QÀ^•=i(1), QÆ∞O@∂~°∞(2), `«∂~°∞ÊQÀ^•=i, Hõ$ëê‚ lÖÏ¡Å∞ J„QÆ™ê÷#OÖ’ L<åfl~Ú. O ã¨QÆ@∞# ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞Ö’ „Ѩu lÖÏ¡Ö’ PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅ L`«ÊuÎ ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞‰õΩ 3.06 @#∞flÅ∞ HÍQÍ, HÀ™êÎO„^èŒ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ 3.82 @#∞flÅ∞QÍ LOk. O ѨѨÙÊ ^è•<åºÅ „H˜Ok qã‘Î~°‚O Hõ~°∂flÅ∞(1), J#O`«Ñ¨Ù~°O, „ѨHÍâ◊O lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ LOk. O L`«ÊuÎÖ’ Hõ~°∂flÅ∞, „ѨHÍâ◊O lÖÏ¡Å∞ J„QÆ™ê÷<åÖ’¡ L<åfl~Ú. O ѨѨÙÊ ^è•<åºÅ L`«ÊuÎ ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞Ö’ ã¨QÆ@∞# lÖÏ¡‰õΩ 0.90 @#∞flÅ∞ HÍQÍ, HÀ™êÎ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ 1.13 @#∞flÅ∞QÍ LOk. nxfl |\˜ì HÀ™êÎ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡x Éèí∂™ê~°O ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞ lÖÏ¡Å Éèí∂™ê~°O HõO>Ë "≥∞~°∞ÔQ·#^Œx, Z‰õΩ¯= kQÆ∞|_çx Wã¨∞ÎO^Œx `≥Å∞ã¨∞ÎOk. O "≥Ú`«ÎO PǨ~° ѨO@Å „H˜O^Œ Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚O ѨtÛ=∞QÀ^•=i(1), QÆ∞O@∂~°∞(2), Hõ$ëê‚, `«∂~°∞ÊQÀ^•=i, Hõ~°∂flÅ∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ LOk. O ~å„+¨ìOÖ’x "≥Ú`«ÎO PǨ~° ѨO@Å qã‘Î~°‚OÖ’ 78% HÀ™êÎ PO„^èŒ „áêO`«OÖ’#∞, q∞ye# 22.0 âß`«O ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞Ö’#∞ LOk. O PǨ~° ѨO@Å L`«ÊuÎÖ’ ѨtÛ=∞QÀ^•=i(1), QÆ∞O@∂~°∞(2), `«∂~°∞Ê QÀ^•=i, Hõ$ëê‚ lÖÏ¡Å∞ J„QÆ™ê÷#OÖ’ L<åfl~Ú. O PǨ~° ѨO@Å L`«ÊuÎ HÀ™êÎO„^èŒ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ ã¨QÆ@∞# lÖÏ¡‰õΩ 3.22 @#∞flÅ∞ HÍQÍ, ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ lÖÏ¡‰õΩ 1.93 @#∞flÅ∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞ L#fl@∞¡ `≥eã¨∞ÎOk. O #∂<≥yO[Å ™êQÆ∞Ö’ ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞Ö’x J#O`«Ñ¨Ù~°O (1), Hõ~°∂flÅ∞(2), z`«∂Î~°∞ lÖÏ¡Å∞ =ÚO^ŒO[Ö’ L<åfl~Ú. D =¸_»∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ 8.79 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡Ö’ #∂<≥yO[Å∞ ѨO_çã¨∞Î<åfl~°∞. JO>Ë ~å„+¨ìOÖ’x #∂<≥ yO[Å qã‘Î~°‚O "≥Ú`«ÎOÖ’ 73.88% ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞Ö’x D =¸_»∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡<Õ LOk. HÍ|\˜ì #∂<≥yO[Å ™êQÆ∞Ö’ ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞‰õΩ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ`« LOk. =ÚYºOQÍ "Õ~°∞â‹#QÆ

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™êQÆ∞KÕã¨∞Î#fl ã¨QÆ@∞ Ãã·A

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Éèí∂q∞ 32.8 37.30 38.35 27.59 8.78 144.89

(ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞¡) 0.44 1.41 2.66 5.66 18.66 1.26 (1.20)

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O

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h~°∞ ã¨~°fi„áê}˜HÀ\˜H˜ r=<å^è•~°O. h\˜ LѨÜ≥∂QÍÅ#∞ |\˜ì 3 =~åæÅ∞QÍ qÉèílOK«=K«∞Û. Jq Z) rq`åxH˜ h~°∞, a) áœ~°∞ʼnõΩ h~°∞, ã≤) Jaè=$kúH˜ h~°∞. Jaè=$kúH˜ [Å"Õ∞ „Ѩ^è•# =#~°∞. „ѨѨOK«OÖ’ U „áêO`«OÖ’ Jaè=$kú [~°QÍÅ#fl [Å=#~°∞Å∞ JO^Œ∞ÉÏ@∞Ö’ LO_®e. =∞# ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ ‰õÄ_® H˘xfl „áêO`åÅ∞ ѨK«Ûx á⁄ÖÏÅ∞, Ѩã≤_ç ѨO@Å`À qHõã≤ã¨∞ÎO>Ë, =∞iH˘xfl „áêO`åÅ∞ Jaè=$kúH˜ <ÀK«∞HÀ=_»O ÖË^Œ∞. nxH˜ HÍ~°}O [Å=#~°∞Å∞ JO^Œ∞ÉÏ@∞Ö’ ÖËHõáÈ=_»"Õ∞. J#flѨÓ~°‚QÍ ÉèÏã≤Å∞¡`«∞#fl PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò #^Œ∞Å ~å¢+¨ìOQÍ ¿Ñ~°∞á⁄OkOk. PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò Pi÷Hõ =º=ã¨÷‰õΩ =º=™êÜ«∞"Õ∞ PÜ«Ú=ÙѨ@∞ì. ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ 60% =∞Ok =º=™êÜ«∞O g∞^Œ P^è•~°Ñ¨_ç L<åfl~°∞. h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ ^•fi~å =º=™êÜ«∞ L`«Ê`«∞ÎÅ#∞ ˆHO„nHõ$`«O KÕÜ«∞=K«∞Û. Z‰õΩ¯= ÃÑ@∞ì|_»∞Å`À Z‰õΩ¯= qÅ∞"≥·# ѨO@Å#∞ ѨO_çOK«∞HÀ=K«∞Û. nx=Å¡ Láêkè J=HÍâßÅ∞ ‰õÄ_® Z‰õΩ¯= HõÅ∞QÆ∞`å~Ú. PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ =∂~åæÅ∞– `«~°Ç¨Å∞ 1993 q=~åÅ „ѨHÍ~°O PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò ~åROÖ’ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ ™œHõ~åºÅ#∞ =¸_»∞ `«~°Ç¨Å∞QÍ qÉèílOK«=K«∞Û. Jq – (1) ÉèÏs, =∞^茺`«~°Ç¨ ™êQÆ∞h\˜ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ∞ (2) z#fl ™êQÆ∞ h\˜ =#~°∞Å∞ (ã¨~°ã¨∞ûÅ∞, K≥~°∞=ÙÅ∞, ‰õΩO@Å∞, eѶπì WiˆQ+¨<£ 㑯"£∞Å∞) (3) ÉÏ=ÙÅ∞ (FÃÑ<£ "≥Öòû, É’~ü"≥Öòû). (Z) ÉèÏs ™êQÆ∞h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ „áê*ˇ‰õΩì 10000 ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡ HõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯=, PÜ«∞Hõ@∞ì Éèí∂q∞H˜ (Culturable Command Area) h\˜ =#~°∞Å∞ JOkOKÕq. ™ê=∞~°÷ºO L#fl^•xfl ÉèÏs ™êQÆ∞h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ „áê*ˇ‰õΩì Jx Ñ≤Å∞™êÎ~°∞. (a) =∞^茺`«~°Ç¨ ™êQÆ∞h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ „áê*ˇ‰õΩì 2000 –1000 ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡ =∞^茺 PÜ«∞Hõ@∞ì Éèí∂q∞H˜ (CCA) h\˜ =#~°∞Å JOkOKÕ ™ê=∞~°÷ºO L#flq. "å\˜x =∞^茺`«~°Ç¨ ™êQÆ∞h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ∞ JO\Ï~°∞. (ã≤) z#fl `«~°Ç¨ ™êQÆ∞h\ h\˜˜ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ∞ 2000 ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡ =~°‰õΩ PÜ«∞Hõ@∞ì Éèí∂q∞H˜ (CCA) h\˜ =#~°∞Å∞ JOkOKÕ ™ê=∞~°÷ºO L#flq. "å\˜x z#fl`«~°Ç¨ ™êQÆ∞h\˜ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅx ¿Ñ~˘¯#_»O [iyOk. LѨi`«Å h\˜ Jaè=$kú 㑯"£∞Å ^•fi~å JOkOKÕ h\˜ =#~°∞Å#∞ ‰õÄ_® z#fl`«~°Ç¨ ™êQÆ∞h\˜ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ∞ nxÖ’ KÕ~°Û_»O [iyOk. ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ Åaèã¨∞Î#fl [Å =#~°∞ʼnõΩ =¸ÅO ~°∞`«∞Ѩ=<åÅ∞. 6 L`«Î~° HÀ™êÎO„^èŒ lÖÏ¡Å∞, 3= L`«Î~° `≥ÅOQÍ} lÖÏ¡Å∞ 1000 q∞IIb =~°¬O ™êb<å á⁄O^ŒQÍ, ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞ „áêO`«OÖ’ =∂„`«O 700 q∞IIb HõO>Ë `«‰õΩ¯= =~°¬O ‰õΩ~°∞ã¨∞ÎOk. ~å„ëêìʼnõΩ #^Œ∞Å ^•fi~å ÅaèOKÕ h~°∞ 7.78 q∞eÜ«∞<£ g∞@~°∞¡ JO>Ë 2764 TMNÅ∞. ~å¢+Oì¨ Ö’ LѨi`«ÅO [ÅO ÅÉèºí `« 2746 TMCÅ∞ HÍQÍ Éèí∂QÆ~°ƒù[ÅO 1074 TMC Å∞QÍ LOk. ÉèÏ~°`«^Õâ◊OÖ’ L#fl [Åã¨OѨ^Œ 1356 q∞eÜ«∞<£ ZHõ~åÅ J_»∞QÆ∞Å∞. JO^Œ∞Ö’ Z.Ñ≤.Ö’ L#fl [Åã¨OѨ^Œ "å\Ï 4.6%. ^Õâ◊OÖ’ "≥Ú`«ÎO =º=™êÜ«∞Ü≥∂Qƺ"≥∞ÿ# Éèí∂q∞Ö’ 40% =∂„`«"Õ∞ (JO>Ë 55 q∞IIÃÇÏ) xHõ~°OQÍ ™êQÆ∞h\˜ ã¨^Œ∞áêÜ«∞O Hõey =ÙOk. PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’ ™êfi`«O„`åºxH˜ ѨÓ~°fiO (1947) h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ q=~åÅ∞

=.ã¨OYº 1. 2. 3. 4.

ZHÍ#q∞

#k¿Ñ~°∞ / P#Hõ@ì ¿Ñ~°∞ QÀ^•=i P#Hõ@ì (^èŒ=àıâ◊fi~°O) Hõ$ëê‚ P#Hõ@ì („ѨHÍâ◊O ÉϺˆ~l) <≥Å∂¡~°∞, ã¨OQÆO P#Hõ@ì ã¨∞OˆHã¨∞Å P#Hõ@ì

lÖÏ¡ / „áêO`«O ~å[=∞O„_ç q[Ü«∞"å_» <≥Å∂¡~°∞ Hõ~°∂flÅ∞

180

ã¨O=`«û~åÅ∞ 1847–52 1852–55 1887

z~°Orq

lÖÏ¡Å "åsQÍ H˘xfl =ÚYº"≥∞ÿ# „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ∞ 1. NH͉õΩà◊O

–

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–

=Oâ◊^•è ~°

–

<å~åÜ«∞}ѨÙ~°O

–

<åQÍ=o

–

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–

ã¨∞=~°‚=Úd

q[Ü«∞#QÆ~O°

–

[O~°≠Ï=u

–

[O~°≠Ï=u

2. q[Ü«∞#QÆ~O°

–

`å\˜Ñ¨Ó_ç

–

QÀã¨Îh #k

3. qâßYѨ@flO

–

~Ô "· å_»

–

âß~°^•#k

–

`åO_»=

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ÃÑ^Õ~Ì ∞°

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ÃÑ^Õ~Ì ∞°

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"Õ∞Ѷ¨∂„kQÆ_»¤

–

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4. `«∂.QÀ^•=i

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5. Ѩ. QÀ^•=i

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6. Hõ$ëê‚

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=Ú<Õfl~°∞ #k

7. QÆ∞O@∂~°∞

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ѨÙezO`«Å

–

Hõ$ëê‚#k

8. „ѨHÍâ◊O

–

"≥Å∞Q˘O_»

–

Hõ$ëê‚

9. <≥Å∂¡~°∞

–

™È=∞tÅ

–

ÃÑ<åfl#k

10. Hõ_»Ñ¨

–

ѨÙe"≥O^Œ∞Å

–

z„`å=u

–

"≥∞Åÿ =~°O

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z„`å=u

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ÔH.ã≤. ÔH<åÖò

–

`«∞OQÆÉèí„^Œ

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QÆ∞~°∞ ~åѶ¨∞"ÕO„^Œ

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ǨÏO„n h"å

–

ǨÏO„n

– Ü≥∂y "Õ=∞# z#fl`«~°Ç¨ h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ∞

–

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11. Hõ~°∂flÅ∞

(Hõ_»Ñ¨–Hõ~°∂flÅ∞) 12. J#O`«Ñ¨Ó~ü

–

~åROÖ’ z#fl`«~°Ç¨ h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ#∞ WiˆQ+¨<£ âßYÖ’x z#fl`«~°Ç¨ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ qÉèÏQÆO, ѨOKå~Úf~å*òâßY, Éèí∂QÆ~°ƒù [ÖÏÅ âßY =∞iÜ«Ú WiˆQ+¨<£ Jaè=$kú ã¨Oã¨÷ (APIDC) Å∞ J=∞Å∞KÕã¨∞ÎO\Ï~Ú. z#fl`«~°Ç¨ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ Ѩ^äŒHÍÅ∞ (1) h\˜ xÅfi Ѩ^äŒHÍÅ∞ – K≥~°∞=ÙÅ∞, i[~åfiÜ«∞~°∞¡ 92) ÉÏ=ÙÅ∞ – „`«qfi# ÉÏ=ÙÅ∞, Q˘@ìѨÙÉÏ=ÙÅ∞. Éèí∂q∞H˜ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ ™œHõ~°ºO HõeÊOz =º=™êÜ«∞ Ü≥∂QƺOQÍ `«Ü«∂~°∞KÕÜ«∞@O ™êQÆ∞KÕÜ«∞@O (Irrigation) JO\Ï~°∞.

ZHÍ#q∞

181

z~°Orq

PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’ qq^èŒ =∂~åæÅ H˜Ok ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚O ã¨O=`«û~°O

q=~åÅ∞

K≥~∞° =ÙÅ∞

HÍÅ∞=Å∞

Jxfl ÉÏ=ÙÅ∞

W`«~° =∂~åæÅ∞

"≥Ú`«ÎO qã‘Î~°‚O

2010–11

"≥Ú`«ÎO ™êQÆ∞ Éèí∂q∞

450

1999

1561

143

4154

xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞

412

1430

1065

121

3030

"≥Ú`«ÎO ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞

327

1882

1531

145

3886

xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞

293

1429

1080

125

2927

2014–15 O

ã¨O=`«û~°OÖ’ XHõ ѨO@ H˜O^Œ ™êQÆ∞KÕã≤# qã‘Î~å‚xfl ''xHõ~°™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞—— JO\Ï~°∞. XHõ ã¨O=`«û~°OÖ’ XHõ™êi HõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯= ™ê~°∞¡ ™êQÆ∞KÕÜ«∞|_»@O=Å¡ J<ÕHõ ѨO@Å H˜O^Œ QÆÅ Éèí∂q∞x ÖˇH˜¯¿ãÎ "≥Ú`«ÎO ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ J=Ù`«∞Ok. ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚O HõO>Ë "≥Ú`«ÎO ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚O Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#flk.

O

2014–15 „ѨHÍ~°O =∞# ~åROÖ’ "≥Ú`«ÎO ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞, xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚O HÍÅ∞=Å H˜O^Œ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ#∂ P `«~åfi`« ÉÏ=ÙÅ H˜O^Œ L#fl@∞¡ `≥Å∞ã¨∞ÎOk. ™êO„Ѩ^•Ü«∞=∂~åæÖˇ·# K≥~°∞=ÙÅ H˜O^Œ "≥Ú`«ÎO ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞Ö’ 10.0 âß`«O =∞iÜ«Ú xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞Ö’ ^•^•Ñ¨Ù 12.0 âß`«O qã‘Î~°‚O L#fl@∞¡ `≥Å∞ã¨∞ÎOk. xHõ~°™êQÆ∞ Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚OÖ’ 60.0 âß`«O HõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯= HÍÅ∞=Å∞, K≥~°∞=ÙÅ H˜O^Œ L#fl@∞¡ „QÆÇ≤ÏOK«=K«∞Û. ~åROÖ’ "≥Ú`«ÎO ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ =∞iÜ«Ú xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ =º=™êÜ«∞OÖ’ HÍÅ∞=Å∞, K≥~°∞=ÙÅ∞ „Ѩ^è•# áê„`« =Ç≤Ïã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú. PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’ ™êQÆ∞KÕã≤# "≥Ú`«ÎO, xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞ qã‘Î~°‚O 2014–15

xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞ Éèí∂q∞ XHõ™êi HõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯= ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ "≥Ú`«ÎO ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚O "≥Ú`«ÎO ™êQÆ∞ qã‘Î~°‚O xHõ~°™êQÆ∞ Éèí∂q∞Ö’ âß`«O Éèí∂q∞Ö’ âß`«O HÀ™êÎO„^èŒ 2699 87.02 502 18.59 3118 ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞ 630 82.13 128 20.31 767 PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò 3255 70.19 630 19.35 3885 O ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ 2014–15Ö’ "≥Ú`«ÎO ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞Ö’ xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚O 70.19 âß`«OQÍ L#flk. O XHõ ã¨O=`«û~°OÖ’ XHõ\ ˜HõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯=™ê~°∞¡ ѨO_çOz# ѨO@Å „H˜O^Œ ™êQÆ∞KÕã≤# Éèí∂q∞x (XHõ™êi HõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯= ™ê~°∞¡) ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ JO\Ï~°∞. "≥Ú`«ÎO ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~å‚xH˜ xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~å‚xH˜ =∞^茺 QÆÅ `Õ_®#∞ ã¨∂zã¨∞ÎOk. O 2014–15Ö’ XHõ™êi HõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯=™ê~°∞¡ ™êQÆ∞KÕã≤# Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚O xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚OÖ’ ^•^•Ñ¨Ù 20.0 âß`«OQÍ L#flk. O xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ : `«∂~°∞Ê QÀ^•=i O PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’x lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ `«∂~°∞ÊQÀ^•=i lÖÏ¡Ö’ "≥Ú`«ÎO ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞Ö’ xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ J`«ºkèHõOQÍ#∂ (96.96%) qâßYѨ@flO lÖÏ¡Ö’ J`«ºÅÊOQÍ#∂ (73.86 âß`«O) L#flk O

XHõ™êi HõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯=™ê~°∞¡ ™êQÆ∞KÕÜ«∞|_ç# Éèí∂q∞ QÆ∞O@∂~°∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ LOk.

O

HÍÅ∞=Å „H˜O^Œ xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ J`«ºkèHõOQÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡Å∞ : QÆ∞O@∂~°∞, Hõ$ëê‚ lÖÏ¡

O

~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞Ö’ Hõ~°∂flÅ∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’ HÍÅ∞= „H˜Ok ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ LOk.

ZHÍ#q∞

182

z~°Orq

O

~å„+¨ìOÖ’ HÍÅ∞=Å „H˜Ok ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ "≥Ú`«ÎO qã‘Î~°‚OÖ’ 89.0% PO„^èŒ „áêO`«OÖ’#∞, 11.0% ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞ „áêO`«OÖ’ L#fl@∞¡ `≥Å∞ã¨∞ÎOk.

O

K≥~°∞=ÙÅ∞ „H˜Ok xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚OÖ’ q[Ü«∞#QÆ~°O (1), NH͉õΩà◊O lÖÏ¡Å∞ „Ѩ^äŒ=∞ kfifÜ«∞ ™ê÷<åÖ’¡#∂ P `«~åfi`« ™ê÷#OÖ’ <≥Å∂¡~°∞ lÖÏ¡ L#fl@∞¡ `≥Å∞ã¨∞ÎOk. ™êO„Ѩ^•Ü«∞ ™êQÆ∞Ѩ^Œúu J~Ú# K≥~°∞=ÙÅ „H˜Ok ™êQÆ∞ qã‘Î~°‚O Hõ_»Ñ¨, J#O`«Ñ¨Ù~°O lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ J`«ºkèHõOQÍ LOk. ~å„+¨ìOÖ’x K≥~°∞=ÙÅ „H˜Ok xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚OÖ’ 92.0% PO„^è• lÖÏ¡Ö’¡#∂ ˆH=ÅO 8.0% ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡#∂ L#fl@∞¡ `≥Å∞ã¨∞ÎOk.

O

Q˘@ìѨ٠ÉèÏ=ÙÅ∞ H˜O^Œ xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞ qã‘Î~°‚O ѨtÛ=∞QÀ^•=i lÖÏ¡Ö’ J`«ºkèHõOQÍ#∞, P `«~åfi`« „ѨHÍâ◊O, Hõ_»Ñ¨, z`«∂Î~°∞, J#O`«Ñ¨Ù~°O lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ JkèHõOQÍ L#flk.

O

H∆Í=∞ Ñ‘_ç`« lÖÏ¡Å∞QÍ QÆ∞iÎOѨ٠á⁄Ok# „ѨHÍâ◊O Hõ_»Ñ¨, z`«∂Î~°∞, J#O`«Ñ¨Ù~°O lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ 4.31 ÅHõ∆Å ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡ ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞H˜ Q˘@ìѨÙÉÏ=ÙÅ∞ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ HõeÊã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú. JO>Ë ~åROÖ’ Q˘@ìѨÙÉÏ=ÙÅ H˜O^Œ xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞Ö’ 42.66 âß`«O D <åÅ∞QÆ∞ Hõ~°∞=Ù lÖÏ¡Ö’¡<Õ LO_»∞@ qKåiOK«^Œy# q+¨Ü«∞O. h\˜ H˘~°`« QÆÅ D lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ Q˘@ìѨ٠ÉÏ=ÙÅ ¿ã^ŒºO =ÚO^Œ∞ =ÚO^Œ∞ =º=™êÜ«∞ q<åâ◊Ü«∂xH˜ ^•ifÜ«∞=K«∞Û. „`«qfi# ÉÏ=ÙÅ „H˜O^Œ qã‘Î~°‚O JkèHõOQÍ Hõ~°∂flÅ∞Ö’ QÆÅ^Œ∞.# "≥Ú`«ÎO h\˜ =#~°∞Å Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡ QÆ∞O@∂~°∞, `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#flk qâßYѨ@flO.

O

XHõ ã¨O=`«û~°OÖ’ qq^èŒ ~°HÍŠѨO@Å H˜Ok Éèí∂q∞x xHõ~° quÎ# Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚O JO\Ï~°∞.

O

h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ ™œHõ~åºÅ ^•fi~å qq^èŒ Ñ¨O@Å#∞ ™êQÆ∞KÕã≤# Éèí∂q∞x xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ JO\Ï~°∞. „Ѩu lÖÏ¡Ö’#∂ xHõ~° quÎ# qã‘Î~°‚O xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞ qã‘Î~°‚O HõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ LO@∞Ok.

O

2014–15Ö’ ~åROÖ’x xHõ~° quÎ# qã‘Î~°‚OÖ’ 46.73 âß`«O =∂„`«"Õ∞ xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ L#fl@∞¡ `≥Å∞ã¨∞ÎOk. JO>Ë 53.0 âß`«O xHõ~° q`«Î# qã‘Î~°‚ Éèí∂q∞H˜ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ ™œHõ~åºÅ∞ HõeÊOK«=Åã≤ LOk.

O

xHõ~° q`«Î# qã‘Î~°‚O J#O`«Ñ¨Ù~°O lÖÏ¡Ö’ KåÖÏ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#flk.

O

xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞ qã‘Î~°‚O QÆ∞O@∂~°∞Ö’ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ HõÅ^Œ∞..

O

q`«Î# qã‘Î~°‚OÖ’ ™êQÆ∞ qã‘Î~°‚ âß`«O Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#flk ѨtÛ=∞QÀ^•=i.

O

~åROÖ’x "≥Ú`«ÎO xHõ~°™êQÆ∞ qã‘Î~°‚OÖ’ 78.0 âß`«O PO„^茄áêO`«OÖ’ LOk. JO>Ë h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ ™œHõ~åºÅ HõÅÊ#Ö’ ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞ „áêO`«O "≥#∞Hõ|_ç L#fl^Œx K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.

O

Éèí∂Hõ=∞`åŠѨi=∂}ÏxH˜, xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞ qã‘Î~å‚xH˜ ‰õÄ_® ã¨O|O^èŒ=Ú#flk. 2014–15Ö’ 1 ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞ HõO>Ë `«‰õΩ¯= Ѩi=∂}O QÆÅ Hõ=∞`åÅÖ’x xHõ~°™êQÆ∞ Éèí∂q∞ Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ#∞ 20 ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡ HõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯= Ѩi=∂} Hõ=∞`åÅÖ’ xHõ~°™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ L#flk. JO>Ë Hõ=∞`åŠѨi=∂}O ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞`«∂ LO>Ë xHõ~° ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚O `«QÆ∞æ`«∞#fl@∞¡ K≥ѨÊ=K«∞Û.

O

~åROÖ’ XHõ ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞ HõO>Ë `«‰õΩ¯= Hõ=∞`åÅÖ’x qã‘Î~°‚OÖ’x ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞Ö’ 85.50 âß`«O PO„^茄áêO`« lÖÏ¡Å Ö’#∂, ˆH=ÅO 14.5 âß`«O ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞ „áêO`«OÖ’#∂ L#flk.

O

20 ÃÇÏHÍì~°¡ HõO>Ë Z‰õΩ¯= Hõ=∞`åÅÖ’x qã‘Î~°‚OÖ’ 77.78 âß`«O PO„^èŒ „áêO`«OÖ’#∂, 22.27 âß`«O ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞Ö’#∂ L#flk.

O

XHõ ÃÇÏHÍì~°∞ HõO>Ë `«‰õΩ¯= Hõ=∞`åÅÖ’x xHõ~°™êQÆ∞ Éèí∂q∞ JkèHõOQÍ L#fl lÖÏ¡Å∞ 1) ѨtÛ=∞QÀ^•=i, 2) `«∂~°∞ÊQÀ^•=i.

ZHÍ#q∞

183

z~°Orq

PǨ~°^è•<åºÅ∞, ѨѨÙÊ^è•<åºÅ#∞ "≥Ú`«ÎO PǨ~° ^è•<åºÅx, g\˜H˜ Ѩã¨∞ѨÙ, JÅ¡O, q∞~°Ñ¨, Le¡, K≥~°‰õΩ ѨO@Å#∞ HõeÑ≤ "≥Ú`«ÎO PǨ~° ѨO@ÅO\Ï~°∞. O

#∂<≥ yO[Å∞, á⁄Q͉õΩ, „ѨuÎ =O\˜ W`«~° ѨO@Å#∞ HõeÑ≤ "≥Ú`«ÎO PǨˆ~`«~° ѨO@Åx Ñ≤Å∞™êÎ~°∞.

O

2010–15 =∞^茺 PǨ~°^è•<åºÅ∞, z~°∞^è•<åºÅ H˜Ok ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ ã≤÷~°OQÍ ÖËHõ =∂~°∞K«∞#flk. ѨѨÙÊ^è•<åºÅ H˜Ok ™êQÆ∞ qã‘Î~°‚O ‰õÄ_® Jã≤÷~°OQÍ L#flk. W`«~° PǨ~° ѨO@Öˇ·# Le¡, K≥~°‰õΩ =O\˜ ѨO@Å H˜Ok qã‘Î~°‚O H˘O`« xÅHõ_»QÍ#∞#fl#∂, "≥Ú`«ÎO PǨ~° ѨO@Å H˜Ok ™êQÆ∞ Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚O ÃÇÏK«∞Û `«QÆ∞æʼnõΩ Ö’<≥·Ok.

O

PǨˆ~`«~° ѨO@Å H˜Ok ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞Ö’ `«QÆ∞æ^ŒÅ =Å¡ "≥Ú`«ÎO PǨ~°, PǨˆ~`«~° ѨO@Å „H˜Ok ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚O qq^èŒ ã¨O=`«û~åÅÖ’ ÃÇÏK«∞Û`«QÆ∞æÅ∞ Hõey L#flq.

O

PǨ~°, PǨˆ~`«~° ѨO@Å H˜Ok ™êQÆ∞ qã‘Î~°‚OÖ’ PǨˆ~`«~° ѨO@Å ™êQÆ∞ Éèí∂q∞ 11.0 âß`«O =∂„`«"Õ∞ L#flk.

O

PǨ~°, z~°∞^è•<åºÅ H˜Ok ™êQÆ∞ qã‘Î~°‚O ѨtÛ=∞QÀ^•=i, `«∂~°∞ÊQÀ^•=i, QÆ∞O@∂~°∞, Hõ$ëê‚ lÖÏ¡Ö’ JkèHõOQÍ L#fl@∞¡ J#O`«Ñ¨Ù~°O, Hõ_»Ñ¨, z`«∂Î~°∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’ J`«ºÅÊOQÍ L#fl@∞¡ `≥eÜ«∞*Ëã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú. JO>Ë D ^è•<åºÅ H˜Ok ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞Ö’ 88.0 âß`«O PO„^茄áêO`«OÖ’#∂ 12.0 âß`«O =∂„`«"Õ∞ ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞ „áêO`«OÖ’ L#flk.

O

ѨѨÙÊ^è•<åºÅ „H˜Ok ™êQÆ∞ qã‘Î~°‚O J`«ºkèHõOQÍ J#O`«Ñ¨Ù~°O lÖÏ¡Ö’ LOk. ѨѨÙÊ^è•<åºÅ L`«ÊuÎ, ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞ „áêO`«OÖ’<Õ ˆHO„nHõ$`«"≥∞ÿOk.

O

#∂<≥yO[Å H˜Ok ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ ѨtÛ=∞QÀ^•=i, Hõ_»Ñ¨, J#O`«Ñ¨Ù~°O lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ JkèHõOQÍ L#flk. #∂<≥yO[Å H˜Ok "≥Ú`«ÎO ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞Ö’ 59.0 âß`«O PO„^茄áêO`«OÖ’#∂, 41.0 âß`«O ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞ „áêO`«OÖ’#∂ L#flk.

O

z#fl `«~°Ç¨ h\˜ K≥~°∞=ÙÅ H˜O^Œ ™êQÆ∞KÕã≤# Éèí∂q∞ (2014–15) : z#fl`«~°Ç¨ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ ™œHõ~åºÅ∞ HõeÊOKÕ K≥~°∞=ÙÅ H˜Ok PÜ«∞Hõ@∞ì Éèí∂q∞ 2014–15Ö’ ~åRO "≥Ú`«ÎOÖ’ 22.06 ÅHõ∆Å ZHõ~åÅ∞ HÍQÍ JO^Œ∞Ö’ 43.26 âß`«O =∂„`«"Õ∞ YsѶπ ~°∞`«∞=ÙÖ’ ™êQÆ∞ KÕÜ«∞|_»∞`«∞#flk. q[Ü«∞#QÆ~°O, QÆ∞O@∂~°∞ lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ K≥~°∞=ÙÅ H˜Ok "≥Ú`«ÎO PÜ«∞Hõ@∞ì Éèí∂q∞Ö’ J`«ºkèHõ âß`«O. Hõ_»Ñ¨, J#O`«Ñ¨Ù~°O lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ J`«ºÅÊ âß`«O Éèí∂q∞ YsѶπ ~°∞`«∞=ÙÖ’ ™êQÆ=Ù`«∞#flk. „áêO`åÅ"ås ѨijÅ#Ö’ PO„^茄áêO`«OÖ’x K≥~°∞=ÙÅ H˜Ok "≥Ú`«ÎO PÜ«∞Hõ@∞ìÖ’ 56.56 âß`«O YsѶπ ~°∞`«∞=ÙÖ’ ™êQÆ∞ KÕÜ«∞|_»∞`«∞#flk.

ZuÎáÈ`«Å h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ ™œHõ~åºÅ∞ (Lift Irrigation) HÍÅ∞=Å ^•fi~å ã¨Ç¨Ï[ã≤^ŒúOQÍ h~°∞ „Ѩ=Ç≤ÏOKÕ J=HÍâ◊O ÖËxKÀ@¡ ѨOѨÙÅ∞ LѨÜ≥∂yOz #^Œ∞Å∞, W`«~° „Ѩ"åǨÅ #∞Oz h\˜x ÃÑ·H˜ `À_ç á⁄ÖÏʼnõΩ =∞o¡OK«∞ Ѩ^Œúux ''ZuÎáÈ`«Å Ѩ^Œúu—— JO\Ï~°∞. nxÖ’ q^Œ∞ºK«ÛùH˜Î Y~°∞Û Z‰õΩ¯=QÆ∞#∞. nx =Å¡ J<ÕHõ „ѨÜ≥∂[<åÅ∞<åfl~Ú. h\˜ H˘~°`« „áêO`åʼnõΩ h\˜x ã¨~°Ñ¶¨~å KÕã≤ ѨO@Å∞ ѨO_çOK«∞@, =∞o§OѨ٠HÍÅ∞=Å∞ U~åÊ@∞KÕã≤ #^Œ∞Å#∞ J#∞ã¨O^è•#O KÕÜÚ« @, Z‰õΩ¯= qã‘~Î O‚° Éè∂í q∞x ™êQÆ∞Ö’xH˜ fã¨∞‰õΩ =K«∞Û@. ~å„+¨Oì Ö’ =ÚYº"≥∞#ÿ #QÆ~åʼnõΩ, Ѩ@}ì ÏʼnõΩ „`åQÆ∞h\˜ ã¨~Ñ° ~¨¶ å ™œHõ~º° O HõeÊOK«∞@ "≥Ú^ŒÅQÆ∞#q ZuÎáÈ`«Å h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ Ѩ^äŒHÍÅ∞. ZHÍ#q∞

184

z~°Orq

PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò ZuÎáÈ`«Å h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ ™œHõ~åºÅ∞ „Hõ.ã¨O. Ѩ^äŒHõO ¿Ñ~°∞ #k lÖÏ¡Å∞ 1. ÉÏ|∞ [QÆr˚=<£~å"£∞ – ã¨∞[Å „ã¨=Ou – NH͉õΩà◊O, q[Ü«∞#QÆ~°O 8.0 ÅHõ∆Å ZHõ~åÅ∞ 2. ÉÏã¨Å^˘_ç¤ – `«∞OQÆÉèí„^Œ – Hõ~°∂flÅ∞ 3. K«OQÆÅ<å_»∞ – HõO`Õ~∞° – `«∂~°∞Ê QÀ^•=i (On Going) 4. zO`«ÅѨÓ_ç – Ѩ.QÀ^•=i (On Going) 5. QÆO_çHÀ@ – z„`å=u – Hõ_»Ñ¨ 6. =∂^èŒ=~°O – `«∞OQÆÉèí„^Œ – Hõ~°∂flÅ∞ 7. =¸QÆÅ^˘_ç¤ – ~å*’e|O_» =∞o¡OѨ٠HÍÅ∞= – Hõ~°∂flÅ∞ 8. ѨÙezO`«Å – `«∞OQÆÉèí„^Œ – QÆ∞O@∂~°∞ 9. ™êQÆ#∂~°∞ – `«∞OQÆÉèí„^Œ ‰õΩ_ç HÍÅ∞= (On Going) 10. `å_çÑÓ¨ _ç – QÀ^•=i ѨtÛ=∞ QÀ^•=i 11. `å~°H~õ å=∞ – |∞_»"∞Õ ~°∞ Hõ$ëê‚ 12. `À@"≥OHõ\ÏK«ÅO ѨÙ+¯¨ ~ü – QÀ^•=i `«∂.QÀ^•=i 13. áÈÅ=~°O – QÀ^•=i `«∂.QÀ^•=i, Hõ$ëê‚ (On Going) #n „Ѩ"åǨʼnõΩ J_»¤OQÍ P#Hõ@ìÅ∞ (Dams) xi‡Oz h\˜ „Ѩ"åǨxfl PÑ≤, [ÖÏâ◊Ü«∂Å∞(Reserviours) U~åÊ@∞KÕã≤ h\˜x xÅfiKÕã≤ J=ã¨~° ã¨=∞Ü«∂Ö’¡ `«y# Ѩi=∂}OÖ’ h\˜x "å_»∞HÀ=_®xH˜ Dams =∞iÜ«Ú Reserviours #∞ xi‡™êÎ~°∞. nx=Å¡ ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~å‚xfl ÃÑOK«_®xH˜ gÅ=Ù`«∞Ok.

PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’ P#Hõ@ìÅ∞, [ÖÏâ◊Ü«∂Å∞ (Dams and „Hõ.ã¨O. 1. 2. 3. 4.

¿Ñ~°∞– #k J ÅQÆ#∂~°∞ BR - ÔH.ã≤ ÔH<åÖò PÅ∂~°∞ BR –`«∞OQÆÉèí„^Œ HÍÅ∞= =Oâ◊^è•~° – =Oâ◊^è•~° (‰õΩ_ç) z„`å=u Balancing Reservoir– z„`å=u

5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

QÍÖË~°∞–#QÆi „ã¨=Ou–QÍÖË~°∞ QÆO_çHÀ@– QÆO_ç QÆ∞O@∂~°∞ Kèå#Öò– Hõ$ëê‚#k QÆ∞~°∞~åѶ¨∞"ÕO„^Œ– `«∞OQÆÉ„íè ^Œ ǨÏO„n–h"å– Ç¨ÏO„n–h"å HÍÅ∞= HõO^Œ∞Å F|∞ÖòÔ~_ç¤ i[~åfiÜ«∞~ü– QÆ∞O_»¡Hõ=∞‡ ÔHZÖò ~å=Ù ™êQÆ~ü BR –Hõ$ëê‚ ÔH.ã≤.ÔH<åÖò– ÔH.ã≤ HÍÅ∞= =∂^è=Œ ~°O–`«∞OQÆÉ„íè ^Œ =¸QÆÅ^˘_礖 ~å*’e|O_» =∞o§OѨ٠HÍÅ∞=

ZHÍ#q∞

Reserviours)

lÖÏ¡ Hõ~°∂flÅ∞, Hõ_»Ñ¨ Hõ~∂° flÅ∞ NH͉õΩà◊O Hõ_»Ñ¨ 48.0 ÅHõ∆Å ZHõ~åÅ∞ J#O`«ÑÙ¨ ~O° Hõ_»Ñ¨, z`«∂Î~°∞ Hõ_Ñ» ¨ QÆ∞O@∂~°∞ Hõ~∂° flÅ∞ ~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞ lÖÏ¡Å∞ „ѨHÍâ◊O QÆ∞O@∂~°∞ Hõ~°∂flÅ∞, Hõ_»Ñ¨ Hõ~∂° flÅ∞ Hõ~∂° flÅ∞ 185

z~°Orq

15.

"≥∞ÿÅ=~°O– ÃÑ<åfl

Hõ_»Ñ¨

16.

#~°tOǨÏ~åÜ«∞™êQÆ~–ü QÀ~°HÅõ ∞¡ BR

Hõ_Ñ» ¨

17.

<å~åÜ«∞}ѨÙ~°O P#Hõ@ì–<åQÍ=o

NH͉õΩà◊O

18.

B‰õΩ– B‰õΩ BR

Hõ~∂° flÅ∞

19.

Ѩ\ ˜ìã‘=∞– QÀ^•=i

Ѩ.QÀ^•=i

20.

ÃÑ#fl JǨϟaÅO BR– ÃÑ<åfl#k

J#O`«ÑÙ¨ ~O°

21.

ÃÑ<åfl~ü _≥ÖÏì– ÃÑ<åfl #k

<≥Å∂¡~∞°

22.

áÈÅ=~°O–QÀ^•=i

LÉèíÜ«∞QÀ^•=i

23.

„ѨHÍâ◊O ÉϺˆ~l– Hõ$ëê‚#k

Hõ$ëê‚

24.

ѨÙe"≥O^Œ∞Å– ZQÆ∞= HÍÅ∞=

Hõ_»Ñ¨

25.

ã¨OQÆO BR –ÃÑ<åfl

<≥Å∂¡~∞°

26.

ã¨~ü P~°÷~ü HÍ@<£–QÀ^•=i

`«∂.QÀ^•=i

27.

™È=∞tÅ „áê*ˇ‰õΩì–ÃÑ<åfl

<≥Å∂¡~∞°

28.

™È=∞tÅ – ã¨fi~°‚=Úd– `≥Å∞QÆ∞QÆOQÆ

<≥Å∂¡~°∞, Hõ_»Ñ¨

29.

Nâ‹·ÅO Hõ_çQÆ@∞ì–Hõ$ëê‚#k

Hõ~∂° flÅ∞

30.

`≥Å∞QÆ∞QÆOQÆ–Hõ$ëê‚#k

Hõ~°∂flÅ∞, Hõ_»Ñ¨, <≥Å∂¡~°∞

31.

`åO_»= i[~åfiÜ«∞~ü–ÉÁ_Õ~¤ ∞°

`«∂.QÀ^•=i

32.

`À@Ѩe¡ ÉϺˆ~l–<åQÍ=o

NH͉õΩà◊O

33.

`«∞OQÆÉèí„^Œ ZQÆ∞= HÍÅ∞=–`«∞OQÆÉèí„^Œ

J#O`«ÑÙ¨ ~O°

34.

`«∞OQÆÉèí„^Œ kQÆ∞= HÍÅ∞=–`«∞OQÆÉèí„^Œ

Hõ~∂° flÅ∞

35.

"≥Å∞QÀ_»∞ BR –`≥Å∞QÆ∞ QÆOQÆ HÍÅ∞=

Hõ~°∂flÅ∞ (On Going)

36.

"≥OHõ@#QÆ~°O „áê*ˇ‰õΩì–QÀ^•=i

`«∂.QÀ^•=i

37.

UÖË~°∞ i[~åfiÜ«∞~ü– QÀ^•=i

`«∂.QÀ^•=i qâßYѨ@flO L‰õΩ¯ Ѩi„â◊=∞ h\˜ ã¨~Ñ° ~¨¶ å

38.

ѨÓÅã¨∞|ƒÜ«∞º „áê*ˇ‰õΩì- QÆ∞O_»¡Hõ=∞‡

„ѨHÍâ◊O (On Going)

Source: Water Resources Information System A.P.

~å„+¨ìOÖ’ ÉèÏs, =∞^茺`«~°Ç¨ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ∞ PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’ "≥Ú`«ÎO (ÃÑ^ŒÌ, =∞^茺`«~°Ç¨, z#fl) #^Œ∞Å∞ 40 L#flq. QÀ^•=i, Hõ$ëê‚, =Oâ◊^è•~°, ÃÑ<åfl #^Œ∞Å∞ ÃÑ^ŒÌq. ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ ѨO@Å „H˜O^Œ ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~å‚xfl ÃÑOK«_®xH˜ J^Œ#Ѩ٠h\˜ =ã¨u ™œHõ~åºÅ∞ HõeÊOK«∞ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ∞ xi‡OK«@O h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ âßY =ÚYºÑ¨x. nx<Õ 'Irrigation Potential Creation' JO\Ï~°∞.2015 <å\˜H˜ Jxfl ZHÍ#q∞

186

z~°Orq

`«~°Ç¨ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ „H˜O^Œ ã¨$+≤ìOz# ™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ q=~åÅ∞ PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’ ™êQÆ∞Ö’H˜ `≥zÛ# Éèí∂q∞ qã‘Î~°‚O (ZHõ~åÅÖ’) „Hõ.ã¨O. q=~åÅ∞ 1.

ÉèÏs =∞iÜ«Ú

HÍÅ=Ú

PO„^èŒ „áêO`«O

~åÜ«∞Åã‘=∞

PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò

1956‰õΩ =ÚO^Œ∞

27,01,447

2,71,274

29,72,721

1956–2015

29,13,010,

10,22,679

39,35,689

"≥Ú`«OÎ

56,14,457

12,93,953

69,08,410

=∞^茺`«~°Ç¨ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ∞

2.

z#fl`«~°Ç¨ „áê*ˇ‰õΩì

1956–2015

19,30,169

6,30,275

25,60,444

3.

PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò WiˆQ+¨<£

1956–2015

6,11,681

91,746

7,03,426

81,56,306

20,15,973

1,01,72,280

_»=ÅÑπ"∞≥ O\ò HÍ~˘Êˆ~+¨<£ "≥Ú`«OÎ Source: Water Resources Information System.

O

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Hõ$ëê‚ #k QÀ^•=i QÆ∞O_»H¡ =õ ∞‡ QÀ^•=i QÀ^•=i `«∞OQÆÉèí„^Œ Hõ$ëê‚ #k ÃÑ<åfl#k ÃÑ<åfl#k Hõ$ëê‚#k Hõ$ëê‚, ÃÑ<åfl QÀ^•=i QÀ^•=i Hõ$ëê‚, ÃÑ<åfl Hõ$ëê‚ #k =Oâ◊^•è ~° =Oâ◊^è•~° Hõ$ëê‚#k QÀ^•=i Hõ$ëê‚#k

z`«∂Î~°∞, Hõ_»Ñ¨ `«∂~°∞Ê QÀ^•=i „ѨHÍâ◊O, QÆ∞O@∂~°∞ Hõ$ëê‚, ѨtÛ=∞ QÀ^•=i ѨtÛ=∞ QÀ^•=i Hõ~°∂flÅ∞, Hõ_»Ñ¨ #Ö’æO_», QÆ∞O@∂~°∞, Hõ~°∂flÅ∞ Hõ_»Ñ¨ <≥Å∂¡~°∞, Hõ_»Ñ¨ Hõ~∂° flÅ∞, QÆ∞O@∂~°∞ Hõ~°∂flÅ∞, Hõ_»Ñ¨ `«∂~°∞Ê QÀ^•=i `«∂~°∞ÊQÀ^•=i Hõ~∂° flÅ∞, J#O`«ÑÙ¨ ~°O J#O`«ÑÙ¨ ~O° NH͉õΩà◊O, q[Ü«∞#QÆ~O° NH͉õΩà◊O, q[Ü«∞#QÆ~°O QÆ∞O@∂~°∞, „ѨHÍâ◊O ѨtÛ=∞ QÀ^•=i Hõ$ëê‚, QÆ∞O@∂~°∞

^Œâ◊ (On Going) (On Going) (On Going) (On Going) (On Going) (On Going)

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ѨÓ~°~Î ÚOk. (On Going) (On Going)

ѨÓ~°~Î ÚOk ѨÓ~°~Î ÚOk ѨÓ~°~Î ÚOk. ѨÓ~°~Î ÚOk. (On Going) (On Going) (On Going)

ѨÓ~°Î~ÚOk.

Source : Water Resources Information System Website

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QÍ#∞ h\˜ qxÜ≥∂QÆOÖ’ 31 Ѩ^äŒHÍÅ#∞ ~å„+¨ì „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO QÆ∞iÎOz, ǨÏi`åO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòQÍ xi‡OKåÅ<Õ ^èպܫ∞O`À Z‰õΩ¯= x^èŒ∞Å∞ ''[ÅÜ«∞[˝O—— #‰õΩ ˆH\Ï~ÚOK≥#∞. „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO D [ÅÜ«∞[˝O ^•fi~å Ô~O_»∞ q^è•Å∞QÍ HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂xfl KÕѨ\ ˜ìOk. Jq – 1. n~°…HÍÅOQÍ Ñ¨ÓiÎHÍx h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ#∞ ѨÓiÎ KÕÜ«∞_»O 2. =$^è•QÍ ã¨=Ú„^ŒO áêÅ=Ù`«∞#fl QÀ^•=i #kÃÑ· H˘`«ÎQÍ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ∞ x~å‡}O`À áê@∞, q∞QÆ∞Å∞ [ÖÏÅ#∞ W`«~° „áêO`åʼnõΩ `«~e° OK«_O» . `«~∞° "å`« [ÅÜ«∞[˝OÖ’ 85 h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ Ѩ^HŒä ÍÅ#∞ QÆ∞iÎOK«_O» [iyOk. ã≤s÷ HõiOz# PÜ«∞Hõ@∞ì`À HõÅ∞ѨÙH˘x "≥Ú`«OÎ XHõ HÀ\˜ ZHõ~åʼnõΩ ™êQÆ∞h~°∞ JOkOKÕ kâ◊QÍ [ÅÜ«∞[˝O HÍ~°º„Hõ=∂xfl „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO =ÚO^Œ∞‰õΩ fã¨∞ÔHo¡Ok. ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ "≥#∞Hõ|_ç# „áêO`åÅ∞ Jaè=$kú K≥O^Œx „áêO`åÖ’¡ '[ÅÜ«∞[˝O— HÍ~°º„Hõ=∞O J=∞Å∞ KÕÜ«∂Å#fl ~å„+¨ì „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO H©ÅHõ x~°‚Ü«∞O "Õ∞~°‰õΩ WѨÊ\˜=~°‰õΩ 10 ÉèÏs, 50 =∞^茺`«~°Ç¨, h\˜„áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ x~å‡}O ^•fi~å 50.78 ÅHõ∆Å ZHõ~åʼnõΩ h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ ™œHõ~åºxfl HõeÊOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ [ÅÜ«∞[˝O Ѩ^äŒHÍxfl KÕѨ\ ˜ìOk. PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’ [ÅÜ«∞[˝O Ѩ^äŒHõO ^•fi~å xi‡Oz# ÉèÏsh\ sh\˜˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ „áê*ˇ‰õΩìÅ∞ „Hõ . 㨠O . h\ lÖÏ¡ Å ∞ PÜ« ∞ Hõ @ ∞ì ^Œ â ◊ h\˜˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ „áê*ˇ‰õΩì ¿Ñ~°∞ #k 1. ~å*’e|O_» =∞o¡OѨ٠`«∞OQÆÉ„íè ^Œ Hõ~∂° flÅ∞ 90,000 ѨÓ~°~Î ÚOk 2. `«∞OQÆÉèí„^Œ ZQÆ∞=HÍÅ∞= `«∞OQÆÉèí„^Œ J#O`«ÑÙ¨ ~O° 1,10,000 ѨÓ~°~Î ÚOk 3. =Oâ◊^è•~° ^Œâ◊–1 =Oâ◊^è•~° NH͉õΩà◊O 1,50,000 ѨÓ~°~Î ÚOk 4. `«∞OQÆÉèí„^Œ eѶπì WiˆQ+¨<£ `«∞OQÆÉèí„^Œ Hõ~∂° flÅ∞ 1,50,000 ѨÓ~°~Î ÚOk 5. UÖË~°∞ i[~åfiÜ«∞~°∞ QÀ^•=i `«∂~°∞Ê QÀ^•=i 2,10,000 ѨÓ~°~Î ÚOk 6. ÃÑ<åfl#k HÍÅ∞= ÃÑ<åfl <≥Å∂¡~∞° 2,50,000 ѨÓ~°~Î ÚOk 7. ÔH.ã≤.ÔH<åÖò `«∞OQÆÉèí„^Œ ÔH.ã≤.HÍÅ∞= Hõ~°∂flÅ∞ Hõ_»Ñ¨ 2,90,000 ѨÓ~°~Î ÚOk 8. QÀ^•=i _≥ÖÏì QÀ^•=i `«∂~°∞Ê QÀ^•=i 10,10,000 ѨÓ~°~Î ÚOk 9. <åQÍ~°∞˚#™êQÆ~ü ‰õΩ_çHÍÅ∞= Hõ$ëê‚ QÆ∞O@∂~°∞ 11,10,000 ѨÓ~°~Î ÚOk 10. Hõ$ëê‚ _≥ÖÏì Hõ$ëê‚ Hõ$ëê‚ 13,10,000 ѨÓ~°~Î ÚOk 11. KåQÆÅ<å_»∞ eѶπì WiˆQ+¨<£ HõO`Õ~∞° `«∂~°∞Ê QÀ^•=i 40,000 On going 12. `å~°Hõ~å=∞ eѶπì WiˆQ+¨<£ |∞_»"∞Õ ~°∞ Hõ$ëê‚ 60,000 On going 13. ѨÙe"≥O^Œ∞Å HÍÅ∞= `«∞OQÆÉèí„^ŒZQÆ∞=HÍÅ∞= Hõ_Ñ» ¨ 60,000 On going 14. z„`å=u BR z„`å=u J#O`«ÑÙ¨ ~O° 60,000 On going 15. =Oâ◊^è•~° ^Œâ◊–2 =Oâ◊^è•~° NH͉õΩà◊O 60,000 On going 16. QÆ∞O_»H¡ =õ ∞‡ QÆ∞O_»H¡ =õ ∞‡ „ѨHÍâ◊O 80,000 On going 17. `À@Ѩe¡ ÉϺˆ~l <åQÍ=o NH͉õΩà◊O 1,80,000 On going 18. ѨÙ+¨¯~° eѶπì WiˆQ+¨<£ QÀ^•=i `«∂.QÀ^•=i 1,90,000 On going 19. Nâ‹·ÅO HÍÅ∞= Hõ$ëê‚ Hõ~∂° flÅ∞ 1,90,000 On going 20. `å_çѨÓ_ç eѶπì WiˆQ+¨<£ QÀ^•=i ѨtÛ=∞QÀ^•=i 2,10,000 On going 21. `«∞OQÆÉèí„^Œ ZQÆ∞= HÍÅ∞=–2 `«∞OQÆÉèí„^Œ J#O`«ÑÙ¨ ~O° 2,30,000 On going 22. ™È=∞tÅ „áê*ˇ‰õΩì ÃÑ<åfl <≥Å∂¡~∞° 2,80,000 On going 23. `≥Å∞QÆ∞QÆOQÆ Hõ$ëê‚ Hõ~°∂flÅ∞, Hõ_»Ñ¨ 5,80,000 On going 24. ǨÏO„n–h"å ǨÏO„n,h"å z`«∂~Î ∞° , Hõ~∂° flÅ∞ 6,00,000 On going Source : Andhra Pradesh Remote Sensing Application Center.

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ÉèÏ~°`« „Ѩ[Å ¿Ñ^ŒiHÍxfl `˘ÅyOz, r=# „Ѩ=∂}ÏÅ#∞ ÃÑOKåÅO>Ë „Ѩã¨∞Î`«O L#fl Pi÷Hõ, ™êOѶ≤∞Hõ =º=ã¨÷ÅÖ’ qѨ¡"å`«‡Hõ"≥∞ÿ# =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞ fã¨∞‰õΩ~å"åÅx 1929 "Õ∞Ö’ JdÅ ÉèÏ~°`« HÍO„ÔQãπ Hõq∞\© f~å‡xOzOk. 1935Ö’ nxH˜ J#∞QÆ∞}OQÍ f~å‡<åxfl P"≥∂kOKå~°∞. ™êfi`«O„`«ºO J#O`«~°O 1948Ö’ U~åÊ@∞ KÕã≤# Hõq∞\© ã¨∂K«#Å P^è•~°OQÍ ÉèÏ~°`«^Õâ◊OÖ’ Éèí∂ã¨O㨯~°}Å∞ ~°∂á⁄OkOK«_»O [iyOk. O H˘O`« =∞Ok KÕuÖ’ H ˆ O„nHõ$`«"∞≥ #ÿ Éè∂í q∞ Ü«∂[=∂#ºOÖ’ =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞ fã¨∞‰õΩ~å=_®xH˜ „ѨÉ∞íè `«fiO „Ѩ`º« HõO∆ QÍ *’HõºO KÕã∞¨ HÀ=_»"∞Õ Éèí∂ã¨O㨯~°‚Å∞. O „QÍg∞} „áêO`åÖ’¡ Z‰õΩ¯= Éèí∂q∞ Ju `«‰õΩ¯=QÍ =Ù#fl ^èŒ#=O`«∞Öˇ·# Éèí∂™êfi=ÚÅ Pnè#OÖ’ LOk. D ã≤÷u ™ê=∂lHõ <åºÜ«∂xfl JOkOK«∞@ J<Õ „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ÅH∆ͺxH˜ q~°∞^ŒúOQÍ LOk. JO^Œ∞KÕ Éèí∂ ã¨O㨯~°}Å∞ J=ã¨~°O. O UNO "åi x~°fiK«#O „ѨHÍ~°O H“Å∞^•~°∞Å∞, ã¨#flHÍ~°∞ Ô~·`«∞Å∞, =º=™êÜ«∞ ‰õÄbÅ#∞ ^Œ$+≤ìÖ’ LOK«∞H˘x Éèí∂q∞x ѨÙ#óѨOÑ≤}© KÕÜ«∞_»"Õ∞ H͉õΩO_®, H“Å∞ Ѩi=∂}O x~°‚Ü«∞O, H“Å∞^•~°¡‰õΩ Éèí„^Œ`«, =º=™êÜ«∞ ‰õÄbÅ "Õ`«# x~°‚Ü«∞O, =º=™êÜ«∞ Ѩ~°Ñ¨u =∂~åæÅ Jaè=$kú, Éèí∂q∞ Ѩ#∞flÅ q^è•<åÅ "≥∞~°∞QÆ∞^ŒÅ, ã¨Ç¨ÏHÍ~° ã¨Oã¨÷Å Jaè=$kú, =º=™êÜ«∞ q^•ºÉ’^èŒ#, =º=™êÜ«∞OÖ’ ™êOˆHuHõ =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞ "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·#=hfl Éèí∂ã¨O㨯~°}Ö’¡ ÉèÏQÆ"Õ∞. O Éèí∂ ã¨O㨯~°}Å∞ ÅH∆ͺÅ#∞ QÆ∂iÛ ''*ÏfÜ«∞ „Ѩ}ÏoHÍ ã¨OѶ¨∞O JkèHÍiHõOQÍ 2 ÅH∆ͺÅ#∞ „ѨHõ\ ˜OzOk. i) =º=™êÜ«∞ L`«ÊuÎ ÃÑ~°∞QÆ∞^ŒÅ‰õΩ QÆÅ „Ѩu|O^èŒHÍÅ∞ `˘ÅyOK«∞@ ii) =º=™êÜ«∞ ~°OQÆOÖ’ L#fl ^ÀÑ≤_ôÅ#∞, ™êOѶ≤∞Hõ J<åºÜ«∂Å#∞ `˘ÅyOz Éèí∂q∞ ^Œ∞<Õfl"å_çH˜ ~°Hõ∆} WK«∞Û@. O Éèí∂ ã¨O㨯~°}Å∞ ^•fi~å „Ñ¨Éèí∞`«fiO Ô~O_»∞ ÅH∆ͺÅ#∞ x~°‚~ÚOK«∞‰õΩOk. i) Éèí∂ QÆi+¨ì Ѩiq∞`« J=∞Å∞, Hõ=∞`åŠѨi=∂}OÖ’ =∂~°∞Ê ^•fi~å H˘~°`«QÍ L#fl Éèí∂q∞x ¿ÇÏ`«∞|^ŒúOQÍ LѨÜ≥∂yOK«∞@ ii) Éèí∂q∞ÖËx „QÍg∞} ¿Ñ^ŒÅ‰õΩ Éèí∂q∞x ѨOÑ≤}© KÕÜ«Ú@ O ÉèÏ~°`«^Õâ◊OÖ’ JkèHÍiHõOQÍ <åÅ∞QÆ∞ ~°HÍÖˇ·# Éèí∂ ã¨O㨯~°}Å K«\ÏìÅ#∞ J=∞Å∞ KÕÜ«∞_»"≥∞ÿOk. i) =∞^茺=~°∞ÎÅ `˘ÅyOѨ٠K«@ìO iii) Éèí∂Hõ=∞`åÅÃÑ· QÆi+¨ì Ѩiq∞u ii) H“Å∞ ã¨O㨯~°}Å∞ K«@ìO iv) Hõ=∞`åÅ ã¨g∞Hõ~°} O ''^Œ∞<Õfl"å_çˆH Éèí∂q∞—— J<Õ ÅH∆ͺxfl ™êkèOK«_»"Õ∞ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi „Ѩ^è•# ^èպܫ∞O. O „QÍg∞} „Ѩ[Å r=# „Ѩ=∂}ÏÅ∞ "≥∞~°∞QÆ∞Ѩ_®ÅO>Ë Éèí∂ã¨O㨯~°}Å∞ J=ã¨~°O ZO`≥·<å LOk. PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’ Éèí∂ Ü«∂[=∂#º Ѩi}Ï=∂Å∞ – Éèí∂ ã¨O㨯~°}Å P=â◊ºHõ`« O

PO„^èŒ „áêO`«OÖ’ HõO>Ë `≥ÅOQÍ} „áêO`«OÖ’ L#fl [q∞O^•sÅ Éèí∂ Ü«∂[=∂#ºO, Ô~·`«∞Å ^ÀÑ≤_ç, W`«~° ™ê=∂lHõ ^Œ∞~åKå~åÖË =~°æ áÈ~å\ÏxH˜ HÍ~°}"≥∞ÿ Éèí∂ã¨O㨯~°}Å P=â◊ºHõ`« U~°Ê_çOk.

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Éèí∂ Ü«∂[=∂#ºOÖ’x Jã¨=∂#`«Å =Å¡ ã¨=∞~°÷=O`«OQÍ =º=™êÜ«∞O KÕÜ«∞ÖËHõ áÈ=_»O (absenteeism), JkèHõ Éèí∂q∞ tã¨∞Î ÉèÏ~°O =Å¡ Ô~·`«∞Å ™êÜ«Ú^èŒ áÈ~å\ÏxH˜ ^•ifã≤Ok. D Ѩiã≤÷`«∞Ö’¡ QÆ∞O@∂~°∞, Hõ$ëê‚, LÉèíÜ«∞QÀ^•=i lÖÏ¡Ö’¡ Ô~·`«∞Å∞ ã¨OѶ¨∂Å∞ Å∞QÍ U~°Ê_ç 1923 #∞Oz L^Œº=∂Å∞ KÕÜ«∞_»O "≥Ú^ŒÖˇ·Ok.

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Éèí∂™êfi=ÚÅ ^ÀÑ≤_ô #∞Oz `«Ñ≤ÊOK«∞HÀ=_®xH˜ 1929Ö’ Andhra Provincial Zamindari Ryots Association U~°Ê_çOk.

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PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’x Ô~·`«∞Å∞ ~°∞}„QÆã¨∞ÎÅ=_»O =Å¡ ^ŒàÏ~°∞Å J}z"Õ`« #∞Oz ~°H˜∆OK«∞HÀ=_®xH˜ 1931Ö’ `≥<åeÖ’ Andhra Peasants Protection Conference x~°fiÇ≤ÏOKå~°∞. Wk ÉèÏ~°`«^Õâ◊OÖ’<Õ Kåi„`å`«‡Hõ ã¨OѶ¨∞@#QÍ QÆ∞iÎOѨ٠á⁄OkOk.

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JѨÊ\˜ =∞„^•ã¨∞ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO ÃÑOz# Éèí∂q∞tã¨∞Î x~°‚Ü«∂xH˜ =ºuˆ~HõOQÍ LÉèíÜ«∞QÀ^•=i lÖÏ¡Å∞, Hõ$ëê‚ lÖÏ¡ Ô~·`«∞Å∞ ''Ѩ#∞fl =^Œ∞Ì—— ã¨`庄QÆǨxfl KÕã≤, 1934Ö’ Z<£l ~°OQÍ <åÜ«∞Hõ`«fiOÖ’ „QÍg∞} ™ê÷~Ú H˜™ê<£ Hõq∞\©Å∞ U~åÊ@∞KÕã≤ L^Œºq∞OKå~°∞.

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Ѷ¨e`«OQÍ Andhra Pradesh (Andhra Area) Estates (Abolition and conversion into Tyotwari) Act 1948 „ѨHÍ~°O =∞^茺=~°∞ÎÅ#∞ `˘ÅyOz ^•^•Ñ¨Ù ~°∂.12.0 HÀ@∞¡ ѨiǨ~°O K≥e¡OKåÅx ÉèÏqOz<å ˆH=ÅO ~°∂.6.0 HÀ@∞¡ K≥e¡OKå~°∞.

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`≥ÅOQÍ} „áêO`«OÖ’ KÕѨ\ ˜ì# Éèí∂ L^Œº=∂Å∞, áÈ~å\ÏÅ∞ PO„^èŒ „áêO`«OÖ’ L^Œº=∂ʼnõΩ ã¨∂ÊùiÎxKåÛ~Ú. The Hyderabad Tenancy and Agricultural Land Act 1950 ^•fi~å 75.0 ÅHõ∆Å ZHõ~åÅ Éèí∂q∞ÃÑ· ǨωõΩ¯ Hõey# 6.0 ÅHõ∆Å =∞Ok H“Å∞^•~°∞ʼnõΩ ~°Hõ∆} HõeÊOK«|_çOk. (™êQÆ∞Éèí∂q∞ 33.0%)

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1955Ö’ The Hyderabad Prevention and Fragmentation and Consolidation of Holdings K«@ìO KÕâß~°∞. PO„^èŒ „áêO`åxH˜ WÖÏO\˜ K«@ìO ÖËHõáÈ=_»O`À ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ "åi K«\Ïì<Õfl PO„^èŒ „áêO`åxH˜ ‰õÄ_® J#fiiÎOѨKտ㠄Ѩܫ∞`«flO [iyOk.

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Andhra Inams (Abolition and Conversion into Ryotwari) Act 1956

„ѨHÍ~°O "≥Ú`«ÎO 11.0 ÅHõ∆Å W<åOÅ∞ LO_»QÍ

"å\˜Ö’ 10.0 ÅHõ∆Å W<åOÅ#∞ ~°^Œ∞ÌKÕã≤ Ô~·`«∞ʼnõΩ Ѩ\ÏìÅ∞ WKåÛ~°∞. O

Andhra Tenancy Act

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30.9.1961 <å\˜H˜ PO„^茄áêO`«OÖ’ =∞^茺=~°∞ÎÅ `˘ÅyOѨ٠K«~°ºÅ ^•fi~å 1049 [q∞O^•s Z¿ãì@¡#∞ ~°^Œ∞Ì KÕâß~°∞.

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PO„^èŒ, `≥ÅOQÍ} „áêO`åʼnõΩ ã¨O|OkèOz# Andhra Pradesh Ceiling on Agricultural Holdings Act 19961, E<£ 1, 1961 #∞Oz J=∞Å∞Ö’xH˜ =zÛOk.

1956Ö’ ã¨=∞Ü«∂#∞‰õÄÅOQÍ =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞ KÕã≤ „ѨÉèí∞`«fi h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ ™œHõ~åºÅ∞#fl Éèí∂q∞Ö’ =∞iÜ«Ú h\˜áê~°∞^ŒÅ ™œHõ~åºÅ∞#fl Éèí∂q∞Ö’ ѨO_çOz# ѨO@Ö’ 50.0 âß`«O W`«~° h\˜ áê~°∞^ŒÅ ™œHõ~åºÅ∞#fl Éèí∂q∞Ö’ ѨO_çOz# ѨO@Ö’ 28.33 âß`«O q∞ye# Éèí∂=ÚÅÖ’ ѨO_çOz# ѨO@Ö’ 45.0% J^≥Ì (tã¨∞Î)QÍ K≥e¡OKåÅx x~°‚~ÚOKå~°∞.

PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò Éèí∂ ã¨O㨯~°}Å K«\ÏìÅ∞

(Andhra Pradesh Ceiling on Agricultural Holdings Act 1961)

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PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò Éèí∂ ã¨O㨯~°}Å (Éèí∂=ÚŠѨiq∞u) K«@ìO 1961x E<£ 1# J=∞Å∞Ö’H˜ fã¨∞‰õΩ~å=@O [iyOk. D K«@ìO ^•fi~å „Ñ¨u ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏxH˜ <åÅ∞QÆ∞#fl~° Ô~@∞¡ JO>Ë 27 ZHõ~åÅ #∞Oz 324 ZHõ~åÅ Éèí∂q∞ ~°HÍÅ#∞ |\˜ì ˆH\Ï~ÚOK«_»O [iyOk. Éèíq+¨º`«∞ÎÖ’ nxx 3 Ô~@∞¡QÍ JO>Ë 18 ZHõ~åÅ #∞Oz 216 ZHõ~åÅ∞QÍ x~°‚~ÚOK«_»O [iyOk. („Ѩu ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏxfl S^Œ∞QÆ∞~°∞ ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ∞QÍ ¿Ñ~˘¯O@∂) ‰õΩ@∞O|OÖ’ S^Œ∞QÆ∞~°∞ ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ‰õΩ q∞Oz`Õ P ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏxH˜ J^Œ#Ѩ٠Éèí∂q∞x 6 #∞Oz 72 ZHõ~åÅ∞ ˆH\Ï~ÚOKåÅx x~åúiOK≥#∞.

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1958 ã¨O=`«û~°OÖ’ ~å„+¨ì JÃãOc¡Ö’ aÅ∞¡ „Ѩ"Õâ◊ÃÑ\˜ì# ã¨O^Œ~°ƒùOÖ’ 30 ÅHõ∆Å ZHõ~åÅ Éèí∂q∞ (¿ã^ŒºO KÕã¨∞Î#fl Éèí∂q∞Ö’ 10 âß`«O) q∞QÆ∞Å∞ Éèí∂q∞QÍ q∞QÆ∞Å∞`«∞O^Œx „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO „ѨHõ\ ˜OK«_»O [iyOk. D K«@ìOÖ’ Ѩiq∞u Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ x~°‚~ÚOK«@O [iyOk. S^Œ∞QÆ∞~°∞ ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ∞#fl ‰õΩ@∞OÉÏxH˜ 135 ZHõ~åÅ∞ ™ê~°=O`«"≥∞ÿ# Éèí∂q∞ ÖË^• 1,620 ZHõ~åÅ∞ z=i „ˆQ_£ Éèí∂q∞x x~°~‚ ÚOK≥#∞.

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1965 ã¨O=`«û~°OÖ’ ~å„+¨ì JÃãOc¡Ö’ 56,000 ZHõ~åÅ Éèí∂q∞x q∞QÆ∞Å∞ Éèí∂q∞QÍ „ѨHõ\ ˜OKå~°∞. 1980Ö’ Hõq∞+¨#~ü Éèí∂ ã¨O㨯~°}Å PѶ‘ã¨∞ "åi „ѨHÍ~°O 1961 K«@ìO J=∞Å∞ ^•fi~å ˆH=ÅO 7,000 ZHõ~åÅ q∞QÆ∞Å∞ Éèí∂q∞ `ÕeO^Œx, Jk ‰õÄ_® #+¨ìѨiǨ~°O q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ HÀ~°∞ìÖ’ L#flO^Œ∞=Å¡ ÃÑO_çOQ∑Ö’ LO^Œx `ÕÖÏÛ~°∞.

PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò =º=™êÜ«∞ Éèí∂=ÚŠѨiq∞u K«@ìO – 1973 O ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜™êiQÍ 1961 ã¨OIIÖ’ PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò =º=™êÜ«∞ Éèí∂=ÚŠѨiq∞u K«\Ïìxfl KÕÜ«∞_»"≥∞ÿOk. nxÖ’ Z‰õΩ¯= q∞#Ǩ~ÚOѨÙÅ∞ W=fi_»O =Å¡, QÆi+¨ª Ѩiq∞u Z‰õΩ¯=QÍ LO_»∞@ =Å¡ „ѨÜ≥∂[#O ÖËHõáÈ~ÚOk. nx ™ê÷#OÖ’<Õ =º=™êÜ«∞ Éèí∂=ÚŠѨiq∞u K«@ìO – 1973 (1975 [#=i 1 #∞Oz) J=∞Ö’¡H˜ =zÛOk.

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Éèí∂q∞ ѨÙ#óѨOHõHõO, H“Å∞^•s q^è•#O ~°^Œ∞Ì, H“Å∞^•~°¡‰õΩ ~°Hõ∆}, g\˜ ^•fi~å P^•Ü«∞ Jã¨=∂#`«Å#∞ `˘ÅyOz Pi÷Hõ ã¨=∂#`«fi ÅH∆ͺxfl ™êkèOK«@O, ÃÑ· ÅH∆ͺŠ™ê^èŒ# ^•fi~å „Ñ¨[Å rq`« q^è•<åÅ#∞, ™êOѶ≤∞Hõ ÅH∆ͺÅ#∞ ÃÑOá⁄OkOK«\ÏxH˜ D K«\ÏìÅ∞ LѨÜ≥∂QÆѨ_®¤Ü«∞x J#@OÖ’ Juâ◊Ü≥∂H˜Î ÖË^Œ∞. D K«\ÏìŠѶ¨e`«OQÍ „QÍg∞} „áêO`åÅÖ’ =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞, „Ѩ[Å =∞#ã¨Î`åfiÅÖ’ =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞, Éèí∂q∞ Ü«∂[=∂#ºOÖ’ =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞, =∞^茺=~°∞ÎÅ `˘ÅyOѨÙ, H“Å∞^•s ǨωõΩ¯Å∞ ÅaèOKå~Ú. Ô~O_»= q_»`« Éèí∂ã¨O㨯~°}Å K«@ìO (1973) – q∞QÆ∞Å∞ Éèí∂q∞ ѨOÑ≤}© 1973 K«@ìO, QÆi+¨ì Éèí∂Ѩiq∞u J=∞Å∞‰õΩ, „ѨÉèí∞`«fi Pnè#OÖ’x x~°∞ѨÜ≥∂QÆ Éèí∂=ÚÅ∞, „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO ™êfinè#O KÕã¨∞H˘#fl q∞QÆ∞Å∞ Éè∂í =ÚÅ∞ „áê^è•#º`« „Hõ=∞OÖ’ Éè∂í q∞ÖËx x~°∞¿Ñ^ŒÅ‰õΩ ѨOѨHOõ KÕÜ∂« Å<Õ x~°Ü ‚ ∞« O fã¨∞HÀ=_»O [iyOk. #+¨Ñì i¨ Ǩ~°O q+¨Ü«∞OÖ’ ~å*ϺOQÆOÖ’ J=~À^èŒOQÍ L#fl PiìHõÖò 31 HÍ¡*ò Ö’ 25= ~å*ϺOQÆ ã¨=~°} ^•fi~å D K«@ìOÖ’ =∂~°∞ÊÅ∞ `≥KåÛ~°∞. 30.3.2004 <å\˜H˜ Éèí∂Ѩiq∞u K«@ìO H˜O^Œ PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’ ѨOÑ≤}© KÕã≤# q∞QÆ∞Å∞ Éèí∂q∞ q=~åÅ∞ PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’ q∞QÆ∞Å∞ Éèí∂q∞ ѨOÑ≤}© q=~åÅ∞ „Hõ.ã¨O. q=~åÅ∞ qã‘Î~°‚O (ZHõ~åÖ’¡) 1. q∞QÆ∞Å∞ Éèí∂q∞QÍ „ѨHõ\ ˜OzOk 7,99,663 2. ™êfinè#O KÕã¨∞‰õΩ#fl q∞QÆ∞Å∞ Éèí∂q∞ 6,41,655 3. ѨOÑ≤}© KÕã≤# Éèí∂q∞ 5,82,319 4. q∞QÆ∞Å∞ Éèí∂q∞QÍ „ѨHõ\ ˜Oz<å ѨOÑ≤}© KÕÜ«∞x Éèí∂q∞ 2.07,722 Source : Ministry of Rural Development, GOI, Annual Report 2004-05 pp 207.208.

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10. =º=™êÜ«∞ =∂Ô~¯\˜OQ∑ – ^èŒ~°Å q^è•#O – PǨ~°Éèí„^Œ`« (`≥Å∞QÆ∞ JHÍ_»q∞) =º=™êÜ«∞^•~°∞_»∞ `«# L`«Ê`«∞ÅÎ #∞ =∂Ô~¯@¡‰Ωõ KÕ~"° Ü Õ ∞« _®xH˜, ã¨iÜ≥∞ÿ # ^è~Œ Å° ‰õΩ q„Hõ~ÚOK«∞HÀ=_®xH˜ J=ã¨~"° ∞≥ #ÿ ã¨^∞Œ áêÜ«∂Å HõÅÊ##∞ =º=™êÜ«∞ =∂Ô~¯\˜OQ∑ JO\Ï~°∞. =º=™êÜ«∞ =∂Ô~¯\˜OQ∑ ^Œâ◊Å∞ a) JÃãOa¡OQ∑: ѨÅ∞ =º=™êÜ«∞^•~°∞Å∞ =ºH˜ÎQÆ`«OQÍ JÅÊ Ñ¨i=∂}OÖ’ L`«ÊuÎ KÕã≤# =ã¨∞Î=Ù#∞ ¿ãHõiOz áÈQÆ∞KÕ¿ã Ѩ^Œúux JÃãOa¡OQ∑ JO\Ï~°∞. b) „áê=∂}©Hõ~°}: =º=™êÜ«∞ L`«Ê`«∞ÎÅ#∞ <å}º`«#∞ |\˜ì =sæHõiOz, <å}º`å „Ñ¨=∂}Ïxfl x~°‚~ÚOKÕ q^è•<åxfl „áê=∂}©Hõ~°}, „ˆQ_çOQ∑ JO\Ï~°∞. g\˜H˜ Z‰õΩ¯= ^èŒ~° Åaèã¨∞ÎOk. c) „áêÃãã≤OQ∑: J<ÕHõ ~°HÍÅ =º=™êÜ«∞ L`«Ê`«∞ÎÅ#∞ <Õ~°∞QÍ qxÜ≥∂yOK«_®xH˜ gÅ∞HÍ^Œ∞. "å\˜x qxÜ≥∂QÆ Ü≥∂QƺOQÍ KÕÜ«∞_»"Õ∞ „áêÃãã≤OQ∑. L^•: #∂<≥yO[Å#∞ #∂<≥QÍ `«Ü«∂i. d) ѨOÑ≤}©: =º=™êÜ«∞^•~°∞_»∞ L`«ÊuÎ KÕã≤# =ã¨∞Î=Ù qxÜ≥∂QÆ^•~°∞_çH˜ KÕ~°_®xH˜ J#∞ã¨iOKÕ q^è•#"Õ∞ ѨOÑ≤}©. ÉèÏ~°`«^Õâ◊OÖ’ ã¨O„Ѩ^•Ü«∞ =º=™êÜ«∞ =∂Ô~¯\˜OQ∑ =º=ã¨÷Ö’ „QÍ=∞ã¨O`«Å∞ „Ѩ^è•#áê„`« =Ç≤ÏOKÕq. g\˜x ^ŒH˜∆}Ïk ~å¢ëêìÖ’¡ 'ëêO_ôÅ∞— Jx, L`«Î~åk ~å¢ëêìÖ’¡ 'Ǩϟ\ò |*Ï~ü— Jx Ñ≤Å∞™êÎ~°∞. Wq „áê^äŒq∞Hõ =∂Ô~¯@∞¡. \’‰õΩ ÖË^• JÃãOa¡OQ∑ =∂Ô~¯@¡#∞ kfifÜ«∞ =∂Ô~¯@∞¡ JO\Ï~°∞. JOu=∞OQÍ =ã¨∞Î=Ù#∞ qxÜ≥∂QÆ^•~°∞_çH˜ KÕ~°"Õ¿ã =∂Ô~¯@¡#∞ JOu=∞ =∂Ô~¯@∞¡ JO\Ï~°∞. „Ѩ=ÚY Ü«∂„`å ã¨÷ÖÏÖ’¡ Ѩ~°fik<åÖ’¡ ã¨O`«Å∞ U~åÊ@∞KÕ™êÎ~°∞. „Hõ=∞|^Œú =∂Ô~¯@∞¡ (Regulated Markets): =∂Ô~¯\˜OQ∑Ö’ J„Hõ=∞ Ѩ^Œú`«∞Å∞ J#∞ã¨iOK«‰õΩO_®, "≥∂™êÅ∞ [~°QƉõΩO_® Ô~·`«∞ʼnõΩ ã¨Ô~·# ^èŒ~°Å∞ ÅaèOѨKÕÜ«∂Å<Õ ÅHõ∆ ºO`À D =∂Ô~¯@∞¡ U~åÊ@∞ KÕÜ«∞_»O [iyOk. „Hõ=∞|^Œú =∂Ô~¯@∞¡ „H˜Ok ÅHõ∆}ÏÅ∞ Hõey LO\Ï~Ú. 1. „Ѩ`ÕºHõOQÍ XHõ =ã¨∞Î=Ù/=ã¨∞Î=ÙÅ ã¨=Ú^•Ü«∞O H˘~°‰õΩ U~°Ê_»`å~Ú. 2. D =∂Ô~¯@∞¡ K«@ìѨ~°OQÍ U~åÊ@=Ù`å~Ú. 3. „Ѩu „Hõ=∞|^Œú =∂Ô~¯\ò x~°fiǨÏ}‰õΩ „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO XHõ ã¨OѶ¨∂xfl U~åÊ@∞ KÕã¨∞ÎOk. D ã¨OѶ¨∞OÖ’ ~å„+¨ì „ѨÉèí∞`«fi „Ѩux^èŒ∞Å∞, =º=™êÜ«∞^•~°∞Å∞, Hõq∞+¨<£ U*ˇO@∞¡, "åºáê~°ã¨∞ÎÅ „Ѩux^èŒ∞Å∞ ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ∞QÍ LO\Ï~°∞. 4. "å}˜[º Ѩ~°"≥∞ÿ# ѨuÎ, [#∞=Ú, á⁄Q͉õΩ JkèHõ Ѩi=∂}OÖ’ L`«ÊuÎ KÕ¿ã „áêO`åÖ’¡ U~åÊ@∞ KÕ™êÎ~°∞. 5. Öˇ·Ãã#∞û á⁄Ok# ^ŒàÏsÅ∞, `«∂xHõ^•~°¡#∞ =∂„`«"Õ∞ D =∂Ô~¯\òÖ’ J#∞=∞u™êÎ~°∞. „Hõ=∞|^Œú =∂Ô~¯\ò ÅH∆ͺÅ∞ i) =º=™êÜ«∞ L`«Ê`«∞ÎʼnõΩ y@∞ìÉÏ@∞ ^èŒ~° ÅaèOKÕO^Œ∞‰õΩ Hõ$+≤ KÕÜ«∞_»O ii) L`«ÊuÎ^•~°∞_»∞, qxÜ≥∂QÆ^•~°¡ =∞^茺 ^èŒ~°ÅÖ’ `Õ_® `«yæOK«_»O iii) "åºáê~°ã¨∞ÎÅ∞, Hõg∞+¨<£ U[O@¡‰õΩ ÅaèOKÕ =∂i˚#¡#∞ J^Œ∞Ѩ٠KÕÜ«∞_»O q^è∞Œ Å∞ J„Hõ=∞ Ѩ^`úŒ ∞« Å∞ JiHõ\,ì˜ „áê=∂}˜Hõ H˘Å`«Å∞, =∂Ô~¯\˜OQ∑ Kås˚Å∞ x~°~‚ ÚOz, ^ŒàÏsʼnõΩ ÖˇÃ· ã#∞ûÅ∞ WzÛ, =∂Ô~¯\ò ã¨=∂Kå~åxfl WzÛ, =∂Ô~¯\˜OQ∑ Ѩ^Œú`«∞Å∞ „Hõ=∞|^ŒúO KÕÜ«Ú#∞. 2005 =∂iÛ <å\˜H˜ ^Õâ◊OÖ’ 7521 „Hõ=∞|^Œú =∂Ô~¯@∞¡ L<åfl~Ú. PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’ „Hõ=∞|^Œú =∂Ô~¯@∞¡ PO„^茄Ѩ^ÕâòÖ’ 1962 Ѷ≤„|=i 1 #∞Oz „ѨÉèí∞`«fi =º=™êÜ«∞âßY #∞Oz qÉèílOK«|_ç =∂Ô~¯\˜OQ∑âßY XHõ „Ѩ`ÕºHõ âßYQÍ U~åÊ@∞ KÕÜ«∞_»O [iyOk.

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~åÜ«∞Öò Hõq∞+¨<£ ã≤á¶ê~°ã¨∞ÅÃÑ· ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’ 1928 Ö’ "≥Ú^Œ\ ˜™êiQÍ =º=™êÜ«∞ =∂Ô~¯\˜OQ∑‰õΩ ã¨O|OkèOz âßã¨#O KÕâß~°∞. x*ÏO „ѨÉèí∞`«fiO 1930Ö’ ÃÇ·Ï^Œ~åÉÏ^£ =º=™êÜ«∞ L`«ÊuÎ, Ѩâ◊√QÆ} =∂Ô~¯@¡ K«@ìO ~°∂á⁄OkOzOk. Wk `≥ÅOQÍ} „áêO`«OÖ’ J=∞Ö’¡ LO_»QÍ, 1933Ö’ ~°∂á⁄OkOz# =∞„^•ã¨∞ "å}˜[º ѨO@Å K«@ìO ~å¢+¨ìOÖ’x W`«~° „áêO`åÖ’¡ J=∞Ö’¡ =ÙOk. D ~Ô O_çO\˜x HõeÑ≤ 1966 #=O|~ü 18# ~å¢+=ì¨ ∞O`«\ H˜ © =iÎOKÕ q^èOŒ QÍ PO„^è„Œ Ѩ^âÕ ò (=º=™êÜ«∞ L`«ÊuÎ, Ѩâ√◊ QÆ}ÏÅ∞) =∂Ô~¯\òÅ K«@ìO 1966 J=∞Ö’¡H˜ `Õ=_»O [iyOk. D K«@ìO „H˜O^Œ =∂Ô~¯\ò x|O^èŒ#Å∞ 1969Ö’ ~°∂á⁄OkOK«_»O [iÔQ#∞. PO„^茄Ѩ^Õâò (=º=™êÜ«∞ L`«ÊuÎ, Ѩâ◊√QÆ}ÏÅ∞) =∂Ô~¯@¡ K«@ìO, 1966 „Ѩ^è•<åOâßÅ∞ „H˜Ok q^èŒOQÍ L<åfl~Ú. 1. =º=™êÜ«∞ L`«Ê`«∞ÎÅ∞, Ѩâ◊√QÆ}ÏÅ∞ q„Hõ~ÚOK«_®xfl, H˘#∞QÀÅ∞ KÕÜ«∞_®xfl, „Hõ=∞|núHõiOK«∞@‰õΩ P Hõq∞\© ѨikèÖ’H˜ =KÕÛ „áêO`åxfl „ѨHõ\ ˜OK«∞@. 2. „Ѩu =∂Ô~¯\ò Hõq∞\©Ö’ 14 =∞Ok ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ∞, 1 J^茺‰õ∆Ω_»∞ LO\Ï~°∞. =¸_»∞ ã¨O=`«û~åÅ HÍÖÏxH˜ ã¨Éèí∞ºÅO^Œih „ѨÉèí∞`«fi"Õ∞ xÜ«∞q∞ã¨∞ÎOk. 3. =∂Ô~¯\ò K«@ìO x|O^èŒ#Å∞, =∂Ô~¯\ò xÜ«∞=∞ x|O^èŒ#Å∞ J=∞Å∞ KÕÜ«∞_»O =∂Ô~¯\ò Hõq∞\© ÅH∆ͺÅ∞. 4. =∂Ô~¯\ò Ü«∂~°∞¤Ö’ "åºáê~°O x~°fiÇ≤ÏOK«_®xH˜ =º‰õΩÎʼnõΩ Öˇ·Ãã#∞ûÅ∞ WKÕÛ JkèHÍ~°O =∂Ô~¯\ò Hõq∞\©Å‰õΩ LO@∞Ok. 5. =º=™êÜ«∞ L`«Ê`«∞ÎÅ H˘#∞QÀÅ∞^•~°¡ #∞Oz XHõ âß`«O =∂Ô~¯\ò Ѷ‘A qkè™êÎ~°∞. =∂Ô~¯\ò Ü«∂~°∞¤‰õΩ Öˇ·Ãã<£û Ѷ‘A, =∂Ô~¯\ò Ѷ‘A, W`«~° P^•Ü«∂Å#∞ '=∂Ô~¯\ò Hõq∞\© xkè— JO\Ï~°∞. 6. „Ѩu =∂Ô~¯\ò Hõq∞\© `«# "åi¬Hõ P^•Ü«∞OÖ’ 10 âß`«O ˆHO„^Œ =∂Ô~¯\ò xkèH˜ K≥e¡ã¨∞ÎOk. D xkè #∞Oz qq^èŒ =∂Ô~¯\ò Hõq∞\©Å‰õΩ ~°∞}ÏÅ∞, „QÍO@∞¡ W=fi_»O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. Wk =∂Ô~¯\ò ã¨OKåʼnõΩÅ Pnè#OÖ’ LO_»∞#∞. 7. =∂Ô~¯\ò K«@ìO xÜ«∞=∞ x|O^èŒ#Å#∞ Ju„Hõq∞Oz# "åiH˜ ~°∂.5000Å∞ [i=∂<å`À áê@∞ P~°∞ <≥ÅÅ #∞Oz ã¨O=`«û~°Oáê@∞ *ˇ·Å∞tHõ∆ qkèOKÕ JkèHÍ~°O LOk. =º=™êÜ«∞ =∂Ô~¯\ò Hõq∞\©Å∞ L=∞‡_ç ~å„+¨ìOÖ’ 330 =∂Ô~¯\ò Hõq∞\©Å∞ L<åfl~Ú. 906 „ѨHõ\ ˜`« =∂Ô~¯@∞¡ (Notified Markets) ѨxKÕã¨∞Î<åfl~Ú. Ô~·`«∞ ã¨Éèí∞ºÅ #∞O_ç XHõ~°∞ J^茺‰õ∆Ω_»∞QÍ LO\Ï~°∞. „Ѩu =∂Ô~¯\ò Hõq∞\©H˜ XHõ HÍ~°º^Œi≈ LO\Ï_»∞. 1969 =∂Ô~¯\ò x|O^èŒ#Å „ѨHÍ~°O =∂Ô~¯\ò Hõq∞\© L^ÀºQÆã¨∞ÎÅ#∞ =∂Ô~¯\ò Hõq∞\©/ =∂Ô~¯\˜OQ∑ ã¨OKåʼnõΩ_»∞/„ѨÉèí∞`«fiO xÜ«∞q∞ã¨∞ÎOk. =∂Ô~¯\ò Hõq∞\©Å#∞ ~å„+¨ì™ê÷~Ú JkèHÍi =∂Ô~¯\˜OQ∑ ã¨OKåʼnõΩ_»∞ Ѩ~°º"ÕH˜∆™êÎ_»∞, xÜ«∞O„u™êÎ_»∞. =∂Ô~¯\ò Hõq∞\©Å∞ „ѨHõ\ ˜`« =º=™êÜ«∞ L`«Ê`«∞ÎÅ J=∞‡HõO, H˘#∞QÀÅ∞ÃÑ· 1% =¸ÖϺ#∞QÆ`« Ѩ#∞fl qkèOz, =ã¨∂Å∞ KÕ™êÎ~Ú. nxfl H˘#∞QÀÅ∞^•~°∞¡ K≥e¡OKåe. =∂Ô~¯\ò Hõq∞\© xkè Ã+_»∂ºÖò¤ "å}˜[º ÉϺO‰õΩÅ∞ [=∞KÕã≤ „>ˇ[s ^•fi~å x~°fiÇ≤ÏOK«_»O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. `«=∞ ~å|_çÖ’ Z‰õΩ¯= ÉèÏQÍxfl =∂Ô~¯\ò Ü«∂~°∞Ť x~å‡}ÏxH˜, Jaè=$kúH,˜ ~Ô `· ∞« ʼnõΩ "åºáê~°∞ʼnõΩ =ã¨`∞« Å HõÅÊ#‰õΩ LѨÜ∂≥ yOK«_O» [iyOk. =∂Ô~¯\ò Hõq∞\©Å∞ J=∞Å∞ѨiKÕ Ñ¨^äŒHÍÅ∞, q^èŒ∞Å∞ Z) Ô~·`«∞ |O^èŒ∞ Ѩ^äŒHõO (Pledge Loan Scheme) 1982 Ö’ ÃÑ¡_£˚ ÃѶ·<å<£û Ѩ^äŒHõOQÍ „áê~°OaèOK«|_ç# D Ѩ^äŒHõO 1995Ö’ Ô~·`«∞|O^èŒ∞ Ѩ^äŒHõOQÍ ~°∂á⁄OkOK«|_çOk. Ô~·`«∞Å∞ `«=∞ L`«Ê`«∞ÎÅ#∞ `«‰õΩ¯= ^èŒ~°‰õΩ J=Ú‡HÀ"åeû# J=ã¨~°O ÖˉõΩO_® ѨO@#∞ `åHõ@∞ìÃÑ@∞ìH˘x Ѩ~°Ñ¨u ™œHõ~°ºO á⁄O^Œ∞@‰õΩ L^ÕtÌ OK«|_ç#k. i). `åHõ@∞ì LOz# L`«Ê`«∞ÎÅ qÅ∞=Ö’ 75âß`«O =~°‰õΩ ~°∞}O W™êÎ~°∞. J~Ú`Õ QÆi+¨ì Ѩiq∞u ~°∂.2 ÅHõ∆Å∞. ~°∞}O fã¨∞‰õΩ#fl <å\˜ #∞Oz 180 ~ÀAÅ =~°‰õΩ ~°∞}OÃÑ·# =_ô¤ =ã¨∂Å∞ KÕÜ«∞_»O [~°QÆ^Œ∞. 181= ~ÀA #∞Oz ™ê^è•~°} =_ô¤ =ã¨∂Å∞ KÕÜ«∞_»O [~°∞QÆ∞`«∞Ok. ~°∂.5000 ~°∞}O =~°‰õΩ 6%, ~°∂.5000 #∞Oz ~°∂.15000 =~°‰õΩ 8%, ~°∂.15000

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