Aviation Networking

Computer Networks & Software Inc. Accelerating CNS

Aviation Applications Using IPv6 Chris Wargo ATN 2004 Conference

7405 Alban Station Court, Suite B215, Springfield, Virginia 22150-2318 www.CNSw.com

(703) 644-2103

Agenda Accelerating CNS

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Content Roadmap & Background CPDLC over IP AEEC Part 8 - IP Transitions IPv6 QoS VSATS & AI-CIE Challenges

Many of the technical activities presented in this paper were supported under contract to the NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio (Robert Kerczewski and Mike Zernic, NASA Program Managers)

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Content Roadmap Accelerating CNS

CIE Concept added to AIC CIE – Collaborative Information Environment VSATS – Virginia Small Aircraft Transportation System IAB – Internet Architecture Board AIU – Aircraft Interface Unit

AI Consortium

Formulation

VSATS – AIU (XML/EFB) ICAO ACP WG N NASA/Eurocontrol Project DARTS

SATS Project IP Studies

related to iPAX

AI ship sets delivered

Airborne Internet (AI) Definition and Testbed

Op Benefits, Cost & Prel Architecture AEEC Project 664 (& Part 8 – ATN harmonization)

IETF IAB Wireless Workshop CPDLC over IP

(Build A) NASA Aerosapient Flight Tests

Aero Appl over IP Study

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

Computer Networks & Software, Inc

2004

2005

3

Challenge for the Aeronautical World Accelerating CNS

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Can TCP/IP protocols meet Aeronautical Application Requirements? Benefits: – Lower infrastructure cost – Potential for new services: » » » » »

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QoS VoIP Multicast Security Integration with existing infrastructure

Challenges: – Modifying political agreement/ Industry Standards – Addressing technical issues for: » Mobility management » Policy based routing capability, and others Computer Networks & Software, Inc

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Our Conclusions Result from a Series of Studies Accelerating CNS

Aeronautical Applications over TCP/IP and ATN

Potential Aviation Enhancements Achievable Through the Use of TCP/IP

ATN Transport and Network Layers Implementation Cost Analysis

TCP/IP Architecture for Aviation Studies performed under funding from the NASA Glenn Research Center Computer Networks & Software, Inc

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Elements of the Studies Accelerating CNS

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Technical comparisons of ATN and TCP/IP Identification of IP based services beyond the current ICAO ATN – – – – – – – –

File Transfer Voice over IP Web-Casting Multicasting Streaming Media Quality of Service Security Network Management

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Elements of the Studies (Cont’d) Accelerating CNS

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Wireless industry developments Related industry programs and standards Operational analysis of future use of IP based services – Context: Requirements as projected in Free Flight DAGTM (Distributed Air Ground – Traffic Management) – Analysis of a number of aviation processes and events – Identification of the use for IP based services in future aviation processes

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Cost Comparison of approaches using ATN or TCP/IP approaches

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Technical Conclusions Accelerating CNS

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Air-Ground Architecture: ATN and TCP/IP are functionally equivalent. Ground-Ground Architecture: ATN uses a more complex, full protocol stack; TCP/IP uses the same protocol stack as the Air-Ground architecture. Mobility Support: ATN provides limited mobility support, whereas TCP/IP provides full mobility support including mobility within mobility. Security: ATN presently uses Security Labels, which have limited capability; future security will be based on public key infrastructure (PKI). TCP/IP is IPSecbased, which provides more capability; PKI available now. Computer Networks & Software, Inc

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Technical Conclusions (cont’d) Accelerating CNS

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Quality of Service: ATN provides limited service; TCP/IP provides flows, RSVP, DiffServ, and real-time protocols. Multicasting: ATN does not support; TCP/IP does support. Network Layer (Packet) Header: ATN requires more processing; TCP/IP uses streamlined header enabling more efficient processing. Network Management: ATN features CMIS/CMIP, which are more complex and limited in implementation. TCP/IP uses SNMP, which is simple, widely tested and available

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Business – ATM Integrated Flight Deck Accelerating CNS

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Passengers...

Flight Attendants... F/A ops, service, admin

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Cust entertainment, service, business

Pilots... Pilot C/N/S, schedule, admin

A/C C/N/S

?

Flight Deck

Entire Aircraft ! Computer Networks & Software, Inc

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Integrating Application Communication Requirements Accelerating CNS

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Each Constituent has Multiple Internal and External Direct Connections with the Others, and the World - creating the air commerce web.

THE AIRPLANE

THE AIRLINE*

THE ATM SYSTEM

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IP Enabled AOC/AAC Functions Accelerating CNS

Freight & Mail Management

Customer Service

Gate Controllers

Marketing

Aircraft Routing

Meteorology

Sales

Reservations

Flight Dispatch

Hub / Station Operations

Crew Scheduling Maintenance

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A Diversion Accelerating CNS

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Multiple Specific Processes Can be Enhanced

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Diversions - Common Scenario that Touches Many Processes

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Studied three views: – Ideal Current Process – Actual Current Process – Future IP-Enabled Process

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Typical Actual Current Diversion Process Accelerating CNS

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“Aircraft 429, holding instructions -- advise when ready to copy… ”

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Future IP-Enabled Diversion Process Accelerating CNS

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Brings together a network rich in opportunities for integration – Airline – ATM System – Airplane

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ATM - Airline Collaboration Airline - Airline Collaboration ATM final tweaking – Defines and transmits Plan – Aircraft receives notification of plan

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Future IP-Enabled Diversion Process -- 2 Accelerating CNS

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Aircraft (not just pilot) notification -- expect to: – Be cleared directly in with little or no delay – Be cleared to hold, but expect to get in – Divert immediately to a given alternate

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Customer issues being worked – – – –

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Passengers headed there for final destination Re-booking Alternate transportation Hotels, etc.

Planned recovery – Aircraft support systems – Crew scheduling Computer Networks & Software, Inc

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IP-enabled Process Integration Accelerating CNS

Flight Deck

Etc.

Etc.

Etc.

Etc.

Etc.

Etc. Etc.

Etc.

Environment

Diversion

Law Enforcement Crisis Management

Weather

Maintenance

APC Items

Traffic

Passengers Airspace

“Hazards”

Medical

Tower ATM System

“Other”

Station

AOC/FD

Safety Systems

Ground

“Collaborations”

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Application Benefits from Future Services Accelerating CNS

Network Mgmt

X

X

X

X

X

X

2.4.1.2

X

X

X

Maintenance Procedures and Information

2.4.1.2, 4.3.4

X

X

X

Airport Information

2.4.1.2

X

X

X

Digital Voice as Replacement for Analog Voice

F.2.5

X

X

X

Digital Voice fed into Flight Dispatch Status Displays

F.2.5

X

X

X

ATC Digital Voice Copied to Flight Dispatchers

F.2.5, 4.3.5

X

X

X

Routine Transmissions

2.4.3.2

X

X

X

Pre-Flight Briefings

2.4.3.2, 4.3.6

X

X

X

FTP

VoIP

Web-Casting

Multicasting

Streaming Media

AVIATION APPLICATIONS THAT CAN BENEFIT

Weather Diversions

4.3.1

X

X

X

X

X

Passenger Accommodation Due to Schedule Disruption

4.3.2

X

X

Weather Graphics

2.4.1.2

Database Updates

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Security

X

REPORT REFERENCE

QoS

FUTURE SERVICES

18

Selected FD-Centric, IP-enabled Applications Accelerating CNS

QoS

Security

Data Base

Addressed/E-mail

VoIP

Multicast

Web-Cast

Technology Applied Streaming Media

Comments

FTP

Application

X

x

X

FD HAZARD INFORMATION WEATHER STATUS - ATIS, etc.

Currently available text products

X

X

- Graphical Weather

Strategic and tactical flight conditions, enroute winds, RVR, ceiling, winds/crosswinds— the entire AWIN gamut

X

- PIREP and E-PIREP transmission/reception

Completely or semi-automated

X

- Ownship radar picture sharing

With dispatch, ATSP, other nearby aircraft. Especially useful in holding situations.

X

- NOTAMS, etc.

Currently available text products

X

- Strategic Graphical Depictions

Dynamic hot/cold MOAs. Warning Areas, ADIZ, Restricted Areas, Airways, LLTRs, etc.

X

X

X

X

- Tactical Graphical Depictions

Active runways, active arrival & departure routings, active holding patterns, active taxi routing, gate assignments, etc.

X

X

X

X

- Graphical and Alphanumeric Legal Conditions

Runway conditions, taxiway conditions, de-icing requirements, etc.

X

X

X

X

X

X

x

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

AIRSPACE STATUS

Computer Networks & Software, Inc

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

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Selected FD-Centric, IP-enabled Applications Accelerating CNS

X

X

X

X

X

Duty Days, Reassignments, Hotel locations, ground transportation, etc.

X

X

X

- Cabin management issues

In flight video/pictures and appropriate telemetry shared for medical emergencies, disruptive passengers, etc.

X

X

X

X

X

- Holding

Selecting allowable time, location, etc.

X

X

X

X

X

- Alternate Station

The need to declare or release an alternate for FAR legality. Which one(s) to use, fuel required, etc.

X

X

X

X

X

X

- Diversion Station

Location, capability to handle, limitations, expected departure time, etc.

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

- Flight planning next flight

Planning, filing, notification, acceptance.

- Crew Resource Issues

Data Base

Security

X

Planning, filing, notification, acceptance, execution.

Multicast

X

- Re-routing

Web-Cast

X

Streaming Media

X

FTP

QoS

Technology Applied Addressed/E-mail

Comments

VoIP

Application

FD COLLABORATION WITH: AOC / INTRA FD

Computer Networks & Software, Inc

X

X

X

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Potential Savings TCP/IP over ATN Accelerating CNS

Organization Airlines Aircraft ES & IS Software Airline Operations Control Air/Ground Router Ground/Ground Router Host (ES) Subtotal Business Aircraft ES & IS Software General Aviation Aircraft ES & IS Software FAA Air/Ground Router Ground/Ground Router NAS Router

TP4/CLNP

TCP/IPv6

Difference

30,010,800

2,500,900

27,509,900

3,937,500 3,937,500 1,531,250 39,417,050

26,250 26,250 61,250 2,614,650

3,911,250 3,911,250 1,470,000 36,802,400

37,634,295

3,136,191

34,498,104

48,459,000

4,038,250

44,420,750

63,375,000 63,450,000

422,500 423,000 405,000

62,952,500 63,027,000 2,407,500

734,000 1,984,500

23,466,000 151,853,000

1,151,000 178,750

12,661,000 26,633,750

2,812,500 24,200,000

Host (ES) Subtotal

153,837,500 Military Aircraft ES & IS Software Air/Ground Router

13,812,000 26,812,500

Host (ES) Subtotal Communication Service Provider Air/Ground Router Total

205,000

4,920,000

5,125,000 45,749,500

1,534,750

44,214,750

63,450,000 388,547,345

423,000 13,731,341

63,027,000 374,816,004

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NASA GRC System Testbed Configuration Accelerating CNS

Testbed Protocol Stack Controller Pilot Data Link Communications (CPDLC)

Context Management (CM)

NASA DC-8 Experimental Aircraft

Application Service Element (ASE) Dialogue Service Association Control Service Element FastByte COPP FastByte COSP

VHF Datalink

Transport Switch COTP CLNP

CMU Transceivers

TCP IP

(ATN compliant)

Display ‘MCDU’

MAC Physical

NASA Experimental CPDLC Ground System

‘CMU’ CMU (ATN compliant)

LAN

•Telemetry •Admin

• ‘MCDU’

Ground Controller Display

NASA

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*Part 8 AEEC 664 On Board ATN Harmonization Accelerating CNS

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Committee work involved the development of a approximately 12 different reference models of connectivity These were discussed and evaluated Working consensus developed on depiction of transition model and approach Work should be considered as input to the ICAO ACP WG N current survey of interest

Part 8, AEEC 664 Working Paper – Interoperation with non-IP Protocols and Services

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Applications and Sockets Application Program Interface Accelerating CNS

ping

IPv4 applications trace app route

app

app

IPv6 applications trace app route

ping

API

UDP

TCP

IPv4

ICMP

128 bit address

32 bit address

IPv6

ICMPv6

ARP, RARP datalink

Computer Networks & Software, Inc

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Part 8 AEEC 664 – IP Transition * Accelerating CNS

Ground CPDLC CM CPDLC CM

Security

Security - Optional CPDLC CM

Aircraft

CPDLC CM CPDLC CM

DS’

DS

DS

DS

DS’

TCP

TP4

TP4

TP4

TCP

IPv6

CLNP

IPv6

CLNP

IP6

Subnet

Subnet

Subnet

Subnet

Subnet

2 G/W IP6-CLNP

IPv6 1 IP SNDCP 3

CLNP IP4

IP SNDCP

CLNP

A/G Router

IDRP IP6 + Mobile Aeronatical IP

* Part

8, AEEC 664 Working Paper – Interoperation with non-IP Protocols and Services Computer Networks & Software, Inc

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Part 8 AEEC 664 On Board Harmonization Accelerating CNS

Application

CF

Application

ASE

ASE

DS

DS CF

ACSE

ACSE Fast Byte

Fast Byte COPP and COSP

COPP COSP

TP4 Services

DS Services

Transport Service Convergence Function

Transport Service Convergence Function TCP Services

TCP Services

TCP

TCP

IP

IP

at Transport Service Interface

at Dialog Service Interface

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Transport Layer Gateway - Distributed ATS Architecture Accelerating CNS

Ground

FMC CM User

ADS User

FIS User

CPDLC User

ADS User

CMU

ASE TCP <-> TP4 Transform (Transport Gateway)

DS CF

ACSE TCP End Point

Fast Byte COPP and COSP

TP4 End Point

CM User

Wireless Links

TCP

TP4

IP

IP

CLNP

Air Subnetwork

CPDLC User

ASE DS ACSE

CF

Fast Byte COPP and COSP

XPORT TCP

FIS User

TP4 CLNP

Air/Ground Subnetwork

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Objectives - NASA/Eurocontrol Cooperation Accelerating CNS

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Leverage mutual IPv6 activities for aviation – NASA GRC’s R & D in Aeronautical Telecommunications Network (ATN) over IP and work in Mobile IP – Eurocontrol’s Internet Protocol for Aviation Exchange (iPAX) Project Foster IPv6 research and development activities to support International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) standardization activities Understand transition issues and technical approach for addressing and interoperability between ISO and IP networks Demonstrate ATN related services over IPv6: e.g., Controller to Pilot Data Link Communications (CPDLC) Publish technical papers in international proceedings defining the use of IPv6 in aviation

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Why IPv6 ? Accelerating CNS

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High Scalability – 128-bit addresses allows 3.4 x 10 ^ 38 addresses

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Improved support for QoS, mobility Built in IP Security Fixed Length Header Internet Protocol for the future – In US, DoD plans to move to an all IPv6 network by 2008 – In Europe, iPAX has investigated the ways to move from X.25 networks to IPv6 based networks

Computer Networks & Software, Inc

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IPv6 Testbed (NASA/Eurocontrol) Accelerating CNS

Aircraft

Aircraft

2001:0:340:BB00::15

2001:0:340:BB00::3

NASA

Eurocontrol

2000:0:340:BB00::/64

2000:0:340:2200::/64

IPv4 Internet

IPv6 over IPv4 tunnels

CNS 2000:0:340:AA00::/64 Controller 2000:0:340:AA00::1004

Computer Networks & Software, Inc

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NASA – Eurocontrol IPv6 Test Infrastructure Accelerating CNS

Controller 2001:0:340:AA01::/64 FASTE Server Mobile Node

Maximus

Theodore

CNS AS 1

2001:0:340:AA02::/64

CNS AS 2 Demeter

T1 Backbone Core Router Network Running BGP

Eris

Netmon Server

Odysseus

Netmon Agent

CNS AS 3

Goliath

2001:0:340:AA03::/64 IPv6-in-IPv4 Tunnels NASA GRC 2001:0:340:BB00::/64

Hades Host Agent

Marcus

EUROCONTROL

2001:0:340:2200::/64

NAT-PT

Aircraft 3

IPv4 Network

50+ entities Computer Networks & Software, Inc

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CPDLC Accelerating CNS

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We ported our Baseline I CPDLC from the ATN domain system to support IPv6 Consists of two applications » Human-Interactive Aircraft (HIA) » Human-Interactive Controller (HIC)

?

Network connectivity between HIA and HIC applications was tested including wireless components.

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CPDLC Application Features Accelerating CNS

Human Interactive Aircraft ? ? ? ?

GUI emulating a MCDU Builds and transmits CM and CPDLC messages Decodes and displays received CM and CPDLC massages Presents a range of appropriate response to choose

Human interactive Controller ? ?

GUI that emulates a generic ATC workstation (CM & CPDLC) Transmits and decodes CM and CPDLC messages

Computer Networks & Software, Inc

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IPv6 Quality of Service (QoS) Accelerating CNS

4-Bit Version

8-Bit Traffic Class

20-Bit Flow Label

Two main QoS mechanisms – IntServ » Makes use of the Flow Label field » QoS per connection » Poor Scalability

– DiffServ » Makes use of the Traffic Class field » QoS by packet type/tag » Excellent Scaling properties

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IPv6 DiffServ Accelerating CNS

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Classifies packets into behavior aggregates First six bits of the Traffic Class field, know as DiffServ Code Point (DSCP), map to a unique Per Hop Behavior (PHB). Following PHB’s have been standardized by IETF – Expedite Forwarding (EF) » Low loss, Low delay, Low jitter, Assured bandwidth » Appears as a virtual leased line.

– Assured Forwarding (AF) » Traffic with the subscribed rate is served with high level of assurance » Four AF classes are defined (AF1, AF2, AF3 and AF4) » Each class supports three drop precedence ( AFx1, AFx2,AFx3, AFx4)

– Best Effort (BE) » Does not guarantee any bandwidth Computer Networks & Software, Inc

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QoS for Aviation Accelerating CNS

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Air Traffic Services require different QoS features – Bandwidth – End-to-end delay

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Proper resources distribution is required We implement a framework for providing QoS for three different aviation applications – CPDLC – Surveillance – User Data

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Results – Scenario 3 Accelerating CNS

Queue Size Vs Time

Normalized Throughput Vs Time 80 Normalized Input Traffic P1: 0.2 P2: 0.3 P3: 0.4

P1: 0.3 P2: 0.3 P3: 0.4

70

P1: 0.2 P2: 0.3 P3: 0.4

0.4

0.3

0.2

P1: 0% P2: 0% P3: 13%

60 Queue Size (packets)

Normalized Throughput

0.5

P3 P2 P1

Packets Dropped

50

Packets Dropped Packets Dropped

P1: 0% P2: 0% P3: 0%

40

P1: 0% P2: 0% P3: 0%

30 20

P1 P2 P3

0.1

0

10 0

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70 80 90 Time (sec)

100 110 120 130 140 150

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 Time (sec)

?Congestion due to increase in CPDLC traffic results in EF class borrowing bandwidth from BE class. ?Performance degrades for BE traffic class (13% packet loss) while there is no affect on EF and AF1 traffic classes. Computer Networks & Software, Inc

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SATS AI Project Summary Accelerating CNS

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FAA Technical Contact: Ralph Yost NASA GRC Project: Mike Zernic and Jim Griner Project: – Develop the requirement, architecture, and system level design baselines, – and establish the evaluation testbed for the Airborne Internet.

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AI Objective: – Consolidate and integrate the exchange of CNS data. – Minimize the number of radios and antennas on an aircraft. Goal is to provide common access means for all wireless aircraft applications.

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Project Team - Recipients of NASA Aerospace Enterprise, Turning Goals into Reality Award for 2003

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SATS: Airborne Internet Accelerating CNS

Small Aircraft Transportation System SATS develops and integrates emerging vehicle and infrastructure technologies, and, enables access to the vastly under-utilized infrastructure of smaller non-hub airports and airspace. More efficient access to congested hubs will create unimagined transportation speed for more people to reach more destinations.

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Airborne Internet Provide a comm architecture that delivers aviation information services in an Internet-like manner where aircraft and ground facilities will be interconnected nodes on a high-speed digital comm network. 2022 AI Fundamental Characteristics: – Aviation Information System – Integrated CNS - Worldwide compatibility – Seamless connectivity – High user and system capacity

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Generic SATS AI Model Accelerating CNS

Applications Data Transport Services

Security

Network Management

Mobility

Airborne Internet Infrastructure

Mode S

UAT

SATCOM

VDL

WL-LAN 802.11/16

Subnetworks

A/C LAN (ARINC 664)

Layered Protocol Services

Quality of Service

Broadcast, Multicast, Unicast

All the similarities to the ATN design challenge of the 1980’s

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AI Test Bed – with Mode SATS Accelerating CNS

Aircraft N372, 374 & 376

Aircraft N384 P-P/CPDLC

ADS-B

N384 E-mail, PAE

AI Router

Ground Facility P-P PAE

Mode SATS Radio Ground Station

Mode SATS Radio

AI Router

ADS-B, Chat,Weather

ADS-B,Chat, NOTAMS, Weather

Aircraft N382

CPDLC

Mode SATS Network

Remote Equipment Monitoring

Internet

P-P/CPDLC

N382 Mode SATS Radio

Remote e-mail Servers

Firewall

DNS

AI Router

Web Enabled Status Monitor

ADS-B,Chat, NOTAMS, Weather

Computer Networks & Software, Inc

Network Control Center, Bethesda, MD

1

Airborne Internet Testbed A Summary Accelerating CNS

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VDL Mode SATS point-to-point and broadcast communication capability: – Air-to-air, self organizing, peer-to-peer communication – Functionality/interoperability

Integrated Components Mode SATS VHF Radio EFR 300 Ground Station VDL Mode Subnet Emulation using RF Attenuator ADS-B Position Reporting System FIS-B Graphical Weather Products

?

Demonstrated “all-in-one” AI connectivity.

ATN CPDLC Pilot/Aircraft Information Exchange

?

Internet connectivity.

Netscape

?

Integrated hardware/software components from many suppliers.

Web-enabled Remote Equipment Status Monitor

Successfully implemented and tested the software based router for SATS AI.

Peer to Peer tool

?

?

E-mail Application

Aircraft Mobility Based on DNS Intel-based Workstations and Sun Workstations (Ultra 10)

Demo applications Configuration and integration work represented a “one of a kind” rapid prototype of the airborne internet. Computer Networks & Software, Inc

2

Virginia - SATSLab Accelerating CNS

AVERETT UNIVERSITY

OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY

VIRGINIA TECH UNIVERSITY

OHIO UNIVERSITY

Danville, Virginia www.averett.edu

Hampton, Virginia www.odu.edu

Blacksburg, Virginia www.vt.edu

Athena, Ohio www.ohio.edu

RANNOCH CORPORATION

OP TECHNOLOGIES

Alexandria, Virginia www.rannoch.com

Beaverton, Oregon www.optechnologies.com

ATHENA TECHNOLOGIES

COMPUTER NETWORKS & SOFTWARE

Warrenton, Virginia www.athenati.com

Springfield, Virginia www.cnsw.com

MULKERIN ASSOCIATES

METRON AVIATION

Springfield, Virginia www.mulkerin.com

McLean, Virginia www.metronaviation.com

Strategic Aeronautics

PROJECT MANAGEMENT ENTERPRISES, INC.

STRATEGIC AERONAUTICS

Bethesda, Maryland www.pmei.com

Louisville, Kentucky www.strategic.aero

VIRGINIA DEPARTMENT OF AVIATION Richmond, Virginia www.doav.virginia.gov

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VSATS Member Task Actvities Accelerating CNS

PM

VIRGINIA DEPARTMENT OF AVIATION

AVERETT UNIVERSITY

HVO

RANNOCH CORPORATION

PROJECT MANAGEMENT ENTERPRISES, INC.

LLM

ATHENA TECHNOLOGIES

OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY

SPP

COMPUTER NETWORKS & SOFTWARE

TSAA

VIRGINIA TECH UNIVERSITY

Strategic Aeronautics STRATEGIC AERONAUTICS

OP TECHNOLOGIES

Strategic Aeronautics STRATEGIC AERONAUTICS

METRON AVIATION

PM HVO LLO SSP TSAA

Computer Networks & Software, Inc

OHIO UNIVERSITY

MULKERIN ASSOCIATES

OHIO UNIVERSITY

MULKERIN ASSOCIATES

OHIO UNIVERSITY

MULKERIN ASSOCIATES

Project Management High Volume Operations Lower Landing Minimums Single-Pilot Performance Transportation Systems Analysis & Assessment

4

VSATS Concept – Using XML Accelerating CNS

VSATS Cockpit

AIU

XML Time to Approach Msg <xs :schema id=" TimeToApproachSchema " targetNamespace ="http://tempuri.org/ TimeToApproachSchema .xsd" elementFormDefault="qualified" xmlns ="http://tempuri.org/AlertSchema .xsd" xmlns :mstns ="http://tempuri.org/ TimeToApproachSchema .xsd" xmlns :xs ="http://www.w3.org/2001/ TimeToApproachSchema " xmlns :msdata ="urn:schemas -microsoft-com: xml-msdata "> <xs :element name="Document"> <xs :complexType > <xs :choice maxOccurs ="unbounded"> <xs :element name="TimeToApproach"> <xs :complexType > <xs :sequence> <xs :element name=”MsgSource " type="xs :string" minOccurs ="1" /> <xs :element name=”TargetAddress " type="xs :string" minOccurs ="1" /> <xs :element name=”Time " type="xs :long" minOccurs ="1" />

EFB EFB: Courtesy of: Strategic Aeronautics

AIU – Avionics Interface Unit

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5

VSATS Simulator Accelerating CNS

Console

CD&A

Flight Simulator

AIU

LAN

Router

Router

EFB PC

PFD

MFD

Server

VDL Radio

Multi T-Pad 800

Computer Networks & Software, Inc

EFIS

6

Avionics Interface Unit Approach Accelerating CNS

?

Developed an Avionic Interface Unit (AIU) – provides the means for avionics using non-compatible interface standards to share data. – Interfaces with the systems in the aircraft using standard and legacy interfaces to share data – Forwards ADS-B, TIS-B, Ownship information, AMM messages and Intent messages – Supports Weather information – Supports Location awareness capability

? ? ?

Provides aircraft database of all transaction Supports query of data Monitor functioning of avionics

Computer Networks & Software, Inc

7

AIU Interfaces Accelerating CNS

Nav func

CD&A

VDL Radio

Comm

GuideStar

Nav

UAT

Surv

UAT

Weather

AIU

XML Other avionics or Display (EFB)

Computer Networks & Software, Inc

8

Future Directions Accelerating CNS

?

Airborne Internet Consortium – Foster the AI Concept – IP Based Infrastructure for aviation – Foster the work on a Collaborative Information Environment (AI/CIE) – the future information environment using XML Web Services Traditional methods: • Publish and Subscribe • Push versus Pull • Client / Server

Computer Networks & Software, Inc

Discovery on Demand

9

CIE Vision Accelerating CNS

“Embrace and Extend” x

Legacy - databases and applications lW aExisting

ion ce t a N ervi S

Data

UDDI, SOAP, WSDL Transform, transmit

Mover

Oracle

XML

FA A Sybase

Trusted-Table Security Rental Car Secure DAC “Views” Hotels Flight FBO Data FAA Flight Service He ads Discovery, OLAP, Up s” Secure wireless WebParts, l ‘rich’client Di a t spl ‘reach’client por XML ay familiar tools “ Web Services™

Pilot/Info Consumer

Source: Randy.Schmidt, Northup Grumman Mar 04 AIC Meeting

Computer Networks & Software, Inc

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XML Web Services Accelerating CNS

Industry standards for interoperability

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Enable disparate systems to work together: – Across languages, platforms, applications – Computer to computer – Inside/outside the firewall

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Based on open Internet standards: – XML, SOAP, WSDL, and UDDI

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Broad industry support – Key area of vendor alignment

Source: Randy.Schmidt, Northup Grumman Mar 04 AIC Meeting Computer Networks & Software, Inc

1

XML Web Services Accelerating CNS

Next wave of Internet evolution

y g o l o n h Tec TCP/IP

HTML

XML

Presentation Database Connectivity “Legacy scrape”connectivity Em

Inn ail, FTP, etc ova . tion

Web page s Browse the Web

Source: Randy.Schmidt, Northup Grumman Mar 04 AIC Meeting

CIE

XML Web Servic es Program the Internet

Computer Networks & Software, Inc

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Collaborative Information Environment Accelerating CNS

Airborne Internet GPS Navigation

Satcom

DISCOVERY ON DEMAND

•XM •RFID •AM/FM •802.xx

VHF Radio

VHF Radio

Line of sight

VHF Radio

CIE Cloud D CO AT NN AB EC ASE TI VI TY

XML Web Services

Airport Services •TIS •FIS •Hospitality •Maint.

XML Web Services

Gateway Non-CIE Aircraft NAS Services •ATM System •HUB Airports •TIS-B

XM LW eb S ervi ces

VPN

Internet •Weather Products •NOTAMs •Flight Service Stations •Other

ATC Controller Original graphic Computer Networks & Software, Inc. – Updates by Randy.Schmidt, Northup Grumman Mar 04 AIC Meeting Computer Networks & Software, Inc

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AI/CIE Removes Existing Aviation Information Barriers Accelerating CNS

Original graphic courtesy of C3D Aero, Inc

.

Graphic courtesy of C3D Aero, Inc.

Computer Networks & Software, Inc

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Discovery on Demand MFD Accelerating CNS

Airspace notification

Icing Alert Traffic Alert

AI_CIE provides decision quality information for cockpit displays Original graphic courtesy of C3D Aero, Inc.

Computer Networks & Software, Inc

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Summary & Challenges Accelerating CNS

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Industry Consensus – IP and flight critical data – Mobility Requirements – what is needed? – Lead to Application Integration Opportunities

?

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Avionic Architectures – the IP-enabled aircraft has definition in AEEC 628, AEEC 763, AEEC 664 and other standards. Part 5 AEEC 664 is bringing this together? Airborne Internet Consortium – Work Plan and Participation

Computer Networks & Software, Inc

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Contact Information Accelerating CNS

Computer Networks & Software, Inc. 7405 Alban Station Ct. Suite B-215 Springfield, VA 22150-2318 1.703.644.2103 http://www.CNSw.com

Chris Wargo 1.443.994.6137 (cell) [email protected]

Computer Networks & Software, Inc

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Acronym List Accelerating CNS

ADS-B ACARS ACP ACSE ADLS AIC AIU AMM AMSS AOC ASE ATN ATM CD&A CF CIE CM CMIP CNS COPP COSP CPDLC DARTS DS EFB FANS FBO FIS GRC

Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System Aeronautical Communication Panel Association Control Service Element Aeronautical Data Link System Airborne Internet Consortium Avionics Interface Unit Airport Management Module Aeronautical Mobile-Satellite Service Airline Operation Communications Application Service Element Aeronautical Telecommunication Network Air Traffic Management Conflict Detection & Avoidance Control Function Collaborative Information Environment Context Management Common Management Information Protocol Communications, Navigation and Surveillance Connection Oriented Presentation Protocol Connection Oriented Session Protocol Controller-Pilot Data Link Communications Digital Applications Research & Test System Dialogue Service Electronic Flight Bag Future Air Navigation System Fixed Base Operator Flight Information Services Clenn Research Center (NASA) Computer Networks & Software, Inc

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Acronym List -2 Accelerating CNS

FTP ICAO IDRP iPAX IP MFD MCDU NASA NOTAMS QoS PFD RFID RSVP SATS SOAP SNMP TCP TIS UAT UDDI VHF VDL VoIP VPN VSATS WSDL XML

File Transfer Protocol International Civil Aviation Organization Inter Domain Routing Protocol Internet Protocol for Aviation eXchange (Eurocontrol) Internet Protocol Multi-function Display Multi-purpose Communication Display Unit National Aeronautics and Space Administration Notice to Airman System Quality of Service Primary Flight Display Radio Frequency Identification Resource Reservation Protocol Small Aircraft Transportation System (NASA) Simple Object Access Protocol Simple Network Protocol Transmission Control Protocol Traffic Information Services Universal Access Terminal Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration Very High Fregquency VHF Digital Link Voice over IP Virtual Private Network Virginia SATS Web Services Description Language eXtensible Mark-up Language

Computer Networks & Software, Inc

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