Cieverose College, Inc. Organization And Management: Performance Standards Learning Outcomes

CIEVEROSE COLLEGE, INC. 1644 ILANG-ILANG ST., CAMARIN CALOOCAN CITY

ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT CHAPTER 3 PLANNING (Week 5) LESSON 1 DEFINITION AND NATURE OF PLANNING .

1. DEFINITION AND PROCESS OF PLANNING 2. TYPES OF PLANS 3. PLANNING AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF THE FIRM

For this week, this module will discuss the nature of planning, compare and contrast different types of plans and describe planning at different levels in the firm.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS Learning Outcomes: 1. Determine the definition and nature of planning. 2. Identify the planning process and different types of plans. 3. Understand the difference of planning in every levels of the firm.

To start with this module, you are advised to follow these simple instructions to assure learning. 1. Look for a good place to study to. It should have clear surroundings, proper ventilation, free from different noise, and make sure the lights are on.  2. Prepare all the learning tools and materials.  3. Answer the pre-test based on your retained learning. 4. Read and analyze the content of the module.  5. Takedown notes so that you will remember all the important details.       6. Finish all the activities in the module. Enjoy every moment of doing it. 7. Let the facilitator/guardian evaluate your work.  8. Review and prepare for the post-test.  9. Apply the skills you have learned after doing all the activities.

For this lesson, you are expected to:  Understand the meaning or organization and management.  Appreciate the importance of a manager in a business.

CIEVEROSE COLLEGE, INC. Ilang-ilang St. Camarin Caloocan City

ORGANIZATION & MANAGEMENT Chapter 1; Lesson 1 - Week 1

VENUS L. FRIAS Teacher

CIEVEROSE COLLEGE, INC. 1644 ILANG-ILANG ST., CAMARIN CALOOCAN CITY

Determine the difference of the following terms in each number. 1. Strategy vs tactics ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 2. Operational planning vs contingency planning ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ 3. Single use plans vs on-going plans ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________

Based on your personal experience, why is it important to have a plan in every decision you make? Give situation/s in your life that you can relate planning. ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________

PL ANNING Process that involves the setting of organization’s goals, establishing strategies for accomplishing those goals and developing plans of actions that managers intend to use to achieve the organizational goals. NATURE OF PLANNING 

Primary function Functions of management largely depends upon planning. It provides the basic foundation from which all future management functions arise.

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Goal-oriented Plans arise from objectives. Objectives provide guidelines for planning.

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Continuous planning It is an on-going process of adapting the organization with the changes in business. CIEVEROSE COLLEGE, INC. Ilang-ilang St. Camarin Caloocan City

ORGANIZATION & MANAGEMENT Chapter 1; Lesson 1 - Week 1

VENUS L. FRIAS Teacher

CIEVEROSE COLLEGE, INC. 1644 ILANG-ILANG ST., CAMARIN CALOOCAN CITY

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Flexible Planning selects the best alternatives based on certain assumptions. There is a possibility of dead log in the functions of the management. It has one more alternative to suit future situation.

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Managerial function It is found at all levels and all departments of an organization. It involves choosing the future course of action from among alternatives. PLANNING PROCESS

Establishment of objectives Developing premises Evaluating and selection of alternatives Formulating derivative plans Securing cooperation and participation Review and follow up 1. Establishment of objectives It involves identification of goals and objectives of the organization by carefully examining the internal and external environment affecting the business. 2. Developing premises Premises are assumptions about the environment in which plans are made and implemented. Thus, assumptions about market demand, cost of raw material, technology to be used, population growth, government policy, etc. are to be made while formulating a plan. 3. Evaluating and selection of alternatives Changes in the external environment pose different alternatives for organizations to carry out a particular task. Different alternatives are evaluated against factors like costs, risks and benefits involved in following a specific course of action and the best alternative is chosen. 4. Formulating derivatives plans Derivative plans are secondary plans formulated to support the basic plan. Derivative plans indicate the time schedule and sequence of performing various tasks. CIEVEROSE COLLEGE, INC. Ilang-ilang St. Camarin Caloocan City

ORGANIZATION & MANAGEMENT Chapter 1; Lesson 1 - Week 1

VENUS L. FRIAS Teacher

CIEVEROSE COLLEGE, INC. 1644 ILANG-ILANG ST., CAMARIN CALOOCAN CITY

5. Securing cooperation and participation Manager must involve people from various departments and take their suggestions and criticism to rectify the defects in the plan if any. Participation of employees in formulation of plans motivates them to carry out the plan with best of their abilities. 6. Review and follow up Plans are constantly reviewed to ensure their relevance and effectiveness with the changing dynamics in the business environment. It helps to develop sound plans for the future and avoiding mistakes that surface after or while implementing a plan. TYPES OF PLANNING 1. Operational Planning are about how things need to happen. This type of planning typically describes the day-to-day running of the company. a. Single use plans are created for events and activities with a single occurrence. b. Ongoing plans include policies for approaching problems, rules for specific regulations and procedures for a step-by-step process for accomplishing particular objectives. 4. Strategic Planning are all about why things need to happen. It includes high-level overview of the entire business. It is the foundational basis of the organization and will dictate long-term decisions. The scope of strategic planning can be anywhere from the next two years to the next 10 years. Important components of a strategic plan are vision, mission and values. 5. Tactical Planning are about what is going to happen. It supports strategic planning and includes tactics that the organization plans to use to achieve what’s outlined in the strategic plan. Often, the scope is less than one year and breaks down the strategic plan into actionable chunks. 6. Contingency Planning are made when something unexpected happens or when something needs to be changed. Business experts sometimes refer to these plans as a special type of planning. It is essential in moments when changes can’t be foreseen. PLANNING AT DIFFERENT LEVELS IN THE FIRM TYPE OF PLANNING

MANAGERIAL LEVEL

EXAMPLES

Strategic planning

Top management

Organization’s mission and vision

Tactical planning

Middle management

Operational planning

Supervisory management Primarily top management, but all levels contribute

Policies and procedures Daily and weekly plans

Contingency planning

CIEVEROSE COLLEGE, INC. Ilang-ilang St. Camarin Caloocan City

Emergency plans

ORGANIZATION & MANAGEMENT Chapter 1; Lesson 1 - Week 1

VENUS L. FRIAS Teacher

CIEVEROSE COLLEGE, INC. 1644 ILANG-ILANG ST., CAMARIN CALOOCAN CITY

You are the new CEO of your family business which is a restaurant. The theme of your business is old-fashioned which is one of the reasons why your customers are keep on coming back because of its vintage ambiance. However, now that we are on a pandemic, your profit decreases since there are few customers who can personally go and visit your shop. Since you were old-fashioned restaurant, you don’t have delivery options since this will also increase your expenses. How are you going to deal with it? Write your specific plans. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Based on your answers, identify how each level of the firm will execute those plans you made. Refer to the discussion in this module. Managerial Level

CIEVEROSE COLLEGE, INC. Ilang-ilang St. Camarin Caloocan City

ORGANIZATION & MANAGEMENT Chapter 1; Lesson 1 - Week 1

Tasks

VENUS L. FRIAS Teacher

CIEVEROSE COLLEGE, INC. 1644 ILANG-ILANG ST., CAMARIN CALOOCAN CITY

Imagine that you are about to establish your own company. Create a plan for your company following the planning process discussed in this module.

CIEVEROSE COLLEGE, INC. Ilang-ilang St. Camarin Caloocan City

ORGANIZATION & MANAGEMENT Chapter 1; Lesson 1 - Week 1

VENUS L. FRIAS Teacher

CIEVEROSE COLLEGE, INC. 1644 ILANG-ILANG ST., CAMARIN CALOOCAN CITY

1. If the strategic goal of your organization is the improvement of its profitability, what routine tasks could be included in your operational planning? Name some of these tasks. ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ 2. Describe present day organizational planning. Is it rigid or flexible? Explain your answer. ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ 3. Explain the relationship between planning and communication. ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

CIEVEROSE COLLEGE, INC. Ilang-ilang St. Camarin Caloocan City

ORGANIZATION & MANAGEMENT Chapter 1; Lesson 1 - Week 1

VENUS L. FRIAS Teacher

CIEVEROSE COLLEGE, INC. 1644 ILANG-ILANG ST., CAMARIN CALOOCAN CITY

References: Donald, J., (2017). Unit I Meaning and Nature of Organization. AuthorStream. Retrieved from http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/Jadder-3268145-unitmeaning-nature-organization/ Kukreja, S. (n.d.). Five Functions of Management. Management Study HQ. Retrieve from https://www.managementstudyhq.com/functions-of-management.html Payos, R., Espinosa, E., Zorilla, O. (2016). Organization and Management First Edition. Manila, Philippines. REX Book Store.

CIEVEROSE COLLEGE, INC. Ilang-ilang St. Camarin Caloocan City

ORGANIZATION & MANAGEMENT Chapter 1; Lesson 1 - Week 1

VENUS L. FRIAS Teacher