Collective Nouns.docx

Collective Nouns Top One of the many twists in English language is the multitude of different names given to collections or groups, be they beasts, birds, people or things. Many of these collective nouns are beautiful and evocative, even poetic. There are so many different collective nouns that all mean "group" but which are specific to what detailed thing there is a group of: a herd of elephants, a box of crayons, a crowd of people, a pad of paper, etc. There is great variety of collective nouns related with animals, from a sleuth of bears to a troop of lions to a murder of crows. Remember that nouns are words naming people, animals, places, and things. Collective nouns are in a class all their own. Once you’ve read the examples mentioned below, you’ll find it much easier to recognize collective nouns when you see them.

Definition of Collective Nouns Collective noun is the name we give to a group of nouns to refer to them as one entity. Collective nouns are names for a collection or a number of people or things. Words like group, herd, and array are collective noun examples. Now, these collective nouns are not based in scientific thought or fact. Most of them come from the poetry and imagination of early to late Medieval English eras e.g. - an eloquence of lawyers – Eloquence is defined as fine persuasion in speaking or writing, so this certain collective noun is a comment on the profession of lawyers while being their collective noun as well. In short, Collective nouns are words for single things that are made up of more than one person, animal, place, thing, or idea. You can’t have a team without individual members; even so, we discuss a team as a single entity. A collective noun can be singular or plural, depending on a sentence’s context. However, there are some specific names given for certain groups of nouns to make things more interesting and funny.

Examples of Collective Nouns o

Flock

o

Crowd

o

School

o

Committee

o

Audience

o

Choir

o

Band

o

Group

o

Staff

o

Team

Many singular nouns have very distinctive collective forms that relate specifically to that term. While most people are acquainted with the more commonly used collectives such as a class of students or crowd of people, there are a large number of less common collectives. Many people find it exciting to read and learn what the appropriate collective forms of various nouns are. Many teachers, students, and other lovers of the English language also find it humorous to list original collectives or come up with new ways to use them in fun or ironic ways. Collective nouns are called derivational collectives -derived as a result of language relationships and retaining root word tendencies.

Examples of Collective Nouns We’ll take a closer look at collective nouns, and provide even more examples, placing them in context so it can be understood better.

These collective nouns are commonly used under the category of people. 1. A class of students. 2. A choir of singers. 3. A crew of sailors. 4. An army of soldiers. 5. A troupe of artists/dancers. 6. A gang of thieves. 7. A bunch of crooks. 8. A pack of thieves. 9. A flock of tourists. 10. A crowd of people/spectators. 11. A panel of experts. 12. A board of directors. 13. A group of dancers. 14. A band of musicians. 15. A regiment of soldiers. 16. A gang of labourers. 17. A team of players. 18. An audience of listeners. 19. A staff of employees. 20. A tribe of natives.

The following collective nouns are used for animals. 1. A catch of fish. 2. A flight of birds. 3. A flock of birds. 4. A haul of fish. 5. A pack of hounds. 6. An army of ants. 7. A hive of bees. 8. A swarm of bees/ants/rats/flies. 9. A pack of wolves. 10. A herd of deer/cattle/elephants/goats/buffaloes. 11. A troop of lions. 12. A murder of crows. 13. A host of sparrows. 14. A team of horses/ducks/oxen. 15. A flock of sheep. 16. A litter of cubs. 17. A team of horses.

18. A zoo of wild animals. 19. A litter of puppies/kittens. 20. A kennel of dogs. The following collective nouns are used for things. 1. A group of islands. 2. A forest of trees. 3. A wad of notes. 4. A galaxy of stars. 5. A library of books. 6. A cloud of dust. 7. A range of mountains. 8. A fleet of ships. 9. A bouquet of flowers. 10. A pack of lies. 11. A string of pearls. 12. A chest of drawers. 13. A stack of wood. 14. A hedge of bushes. 15. A basket of fruit. 16. An album of stamps/autographs/photographs. 17. A bowl of rice. 18. A pack of cards. 19. A pair of shoes. 20. A bunch of keys. Collective nouns are endless and these are just a list of those used more often. As you continue to improve your English, you will stumble across many more.

List of Collective Nouns The following is a list of Collective Nouns by collective terms: A clew of worms A troupe of artistes

An obeisance of servants A squad of soldiers

An illusion of magicians A band of men

A trip of goats A pack of cards

A flock of geese/lice/sheep zeal of zebras

A babble of barbers

A prudence of vicars

A faith of merchants

A cache of jewels

A herd of buffaloes/elephants/horse/kangaroo/ pigs/wrens

A feast of brewers

An ambush of widows

A bench of judges

A rope of onions

An annoyance of neighbours

A crowd of onlookers A slate of candidates A shrivel of critics

A worship of writers A bevy of ladies A troupe od dancers

A bask of crocodiles A hide of tigers

A nest of rumours A galaxy of stars An agenda of tasks

A clique of photographers A nucleus of physicists An impatience of wives

A melody of harpists

A caravan of desert travelers

A hive of bees

A giggle of girls

descent of woodpeckers

An obstruction of dons

A conjunction of grammarians

A break of winds

An audit of bookkeepers

herd of zebras

An audience of listeners

An army of ants/caterpillars/frogs

A promise of tomorrows

A troop of mushrooms

mischief of mice

A talent of gamblers

A swarm of ants/bees/eels

A jam of tarts

A clutch of eggs

An unease of compromises

An ambush of tigers

A tribe of goats/monkeys/dotterel

A sleuth/sloth of bears

A kennel of dogs

An unease of compromises

A barrel of monkeys

A team of horses/ducks/oxen

A caravan of camels

A kindle of kittens

An intrigue of council members

A crowd of people

A colony of ants/beavers/penguins/rab bits

A paddling of ducks

A host of angels

An exaggeration of fishermen

A culture of bacteria

A dray of squirrels

A pair of horses

A kettle of hawks

A yearning of yesterdays

A drift of swine A dropping of pigeons A swarm of bees

A thunder of hippos A yoke of oxen A drove of cattle

A cast of falcons/hawks An optimism of youths A diffidence of introverts

A belt of asteroids A library of books A chain of islands

An anthology of stories flight of swallows A bind of salmons

A barren of mules

Collective Noun A collective noun is a word used to describe a group of people, animal and specific items. For example- a group of people is called crowd, a group of cows is called a herd; a group of lions is called a pride etc. A fleet of airplanes

A hive of bees

A fleet of ships

A flock of sheep

A colony of ants

A swarm of bees

A swarm of ants

A flock of birds

A quiver of arrows

A library of books

A culture of bacteria

An army of caterpillars

A class of students

An army of frogs

A sloth of bears

A deck of cards

A herd of cattle

A pack of dogs

A school of fish

A bouquet of flowers

A litter of kittens

A litter of puppies

A mob of kangaroos

A pride of lions

A troop of kangaroos

A pride of peacocks

A troop of monkeys

A range of mountains

A tribe of monkeys

A parliament of owls

A herd of zebra

A herd of deer

A herd of buffalo

A herd of antelope

A galaxy of stars

A den of thieves

A pack of wolves

A den of snakes

A orchard of trees

A host of sparrows

A forest of trees

A division of soldiers

A nest of mice

An army of soldiers

A nest of snakes

A squad of soldiers

A team of horses

A panel of experts

A team of players

A squad of players

A team of oxen

A leap of leopards

Abstract Nouns Top Have you realized that we all converse with abstraction at times. Though abstract nouns don’t express things we can experience with our senses – we can’t hear, feel, see, touch, or taste them – they allow us to convey important meaning, nonetheless. Nouns can be abstract or concrete. Concrete nouns are tangible and you can experience them with your five senses. Abstract nouns refer to intangible things, like feelings, ideals, concepts and qualities. Abstract nouns and concrete nouns are usually defined in terms of one another. Something that is abstract exists only in the mind, while something that is concrete can be interacted with in a physical way. Qualities, relationships, theories, conditions, and states of being are some examples of the types of things abstract nouns define. In short, Abstract nouns are words that name things that are not concrete. Your five physical senses cannot detect an abstract noun – you can’t see it, hear it, taste it, smell it, or touch it. In core, an abstract noun is a quality, an idea, a concept, or maybe even an event.

Abstract Noun Definition Abstraction is an important part of communication. An abstract noun is a type of noun that refers to something with which a person cannot tangibly interact. A noun is a person, place or thing. However, in many cases, the 'thing' might be an intangible concept – which means it is an abstract form of noun. Words like love, taste, beauty, freedom, and justice, might mean different things to different people. In this case, abstract means to exist apart from concrete existence. A noun that is abstract is a concept, idea, aspect, experience, quality, state of being, trait, feeling, or other entity that cannot be experienced with the five senses.

If a noun is abstract, it describes something you cannot see, taste, hear, touch, or smell. Abstract nouns can be countable or non-countable. They can also be in singular or possessive form. Abstract nouns follow the same grammar rules as other nouns. Abstract nouns name things that can't be seen, smelt, heard, tasted, or touched, but allow us to convey information by defining them on some level. To one person, good taste means eclectic and original; to another good taste might mean clean and modern. Teachers and professors often mention using concrete nouns to support any abstract mentions, thus revealing the message you are trying to convey. Even though these nouns give expression to intangible entities, sentences with fewer abstract and more concrete nouns are stereotypically more concise and clear.

Abstract Noun

Concrete Noun

annoyance happiness deceit intelligence dedication loyalty destruction trust curiosity relaxation

pothole ice cream plagiarist diploma teacher dog bomb airplane cat bubble bath

Abstract Noun List Showing Human Qualities or Characteristics beauty compassion determination generosity humility loyalty self control talent

bravery confidence ego goodness humour maturity sensitivity tolerance

brilliance contentment elegance graciousness insanity misery skill trust

brutality courage enthusiasm hatred integrity patience sophistication warmth

calm curiosity envy honesty intelligence pain stupidity weakness

charity dedication evil honour jealousy perseverance success wisdom

coldness deceit fear hope kindness sanity sympathy wit

Showing Emotions and Feelings Adoration Amazement Misery Pain Relief Siliness

Anger Anxiety Apprehension Pleasure Surprise Sorrow

Clarity Delight Despair Disappointment Disbelief Peace

Excitement Fascination Friendship Grief Romance Tiredness

Happiness Hate Infatuation Strength Uncertainty Worry

Helpfulness Helplessness Power Sadness Pride Wariness

Joy Love Sympathy Satisfaction Weariness Relaxation

More Examples of Abstract Nouns Ability Defeat Enhancement Law

Communication Adventure Democracy Energy

Redemption

Motivation

Favouritism Need Leisure Luck Idea Movement Principle Luxury Life

Hurt Inflation Relaxation Fragility Knowledge Imagination Grace Omen Opinion

Dictatorship Consideration Artistry Dexterity

Dreams Failure Disquiet Freedom Crime Disturbance Awe Culture Customer Information Belief Service Reality Laughter Faithlessness Forgiveness Liberty Skill Peculiarity Opportunism Hospitality Refreshment Homelessness Shock Justice Gossip Frailty Hearsay Mercy Thought Riches Opportunity Unreality Memory Loss Speed Rumor Service Refusal

Slavery Faith Impression Education

Idiosyncrasy Improvement Peace Faithfulness

Death

Speculation

Chaos Victory Progress Sparkle Sleep Wealth Patriotism Submission Success

Dedication Comfort Poverty Strictness Parenthood Unemployment Trust Truth Brotherhood

Abstract Noun Examples Here are sentences having abstract noun which will help understand the use of abstract noun in the sentence: 1. Hope of success helps us to persevere in this difficult task 2. The education of children should be our number one priority. 3. After discovering the great celebrity's secret help for those in need, my esteem for him has doubled. 4. He was willing to sacrifice his job in order to move to Hawaii. 5. Perhaps girlhood was the only happy phase of her life. 6. Childhood memories are sources of great joy. 7. I am not looking for any money from you; I want only your goodwill. 8. Music can change a mood or be a creative outlet. 9. Happiness comes from loving people and using things, and not from using people and loving things. 10. Restoration of electric service is important after a natural disaster. 11. Though surrounded by unscrupulous colleagues at her work place, she managed to keep her honesty intact. 12. I want to see justice served. 13. The day truth enters your life, sadness is definitely out of the inner rooms of your existence. 14. If we have the right attitude to troubles in life, we can remain happy. 15. I’d like the freedom to travel all over the world. 16. The chairmanship of a municipality is a position highly desired for its lucrativeness and power. 17. Joe felt a nagging sense of doom. 18. It is true that he is a man of integrity; but, he is hard-hearted. 19. Most of his boyhood was spent playing football and it is only later that he began to take interest in his studies. 20. Love is a kind of irresistible desire; it’s hard to define. 21. There was unspeakable joy on her face as the award was announced. 22. Love does not make you remind the other that you have forgiven. 23. In childhood, I did not have the capacity to fully understand abstract nouns. 24. When Sarah jumped into the lake to rescue a drowning cat, her bravery astonished onlookers. 25. We struck water at the depth of twenty feet. 26. The night was shrouded in fear. 27. His long experience as a teacher has given him the ability to quickly understand a student's needs. 28. Grammar deals with the arrangement of words in sentences. 29. The President's acceptance of the Prime Minister's advice will be followed by the dissolution of Parliament.

Nouns with the following suffixes are often abstract: o

-tion

o

-ism

o

-ity

o

-ment

o

-ness

o

-age

o

-ance

o

-ence

o

-ship

o

-ability

o

-acy

Abstract Noun Exercises Select and underline the correct abstract nouns from following sentences: 

Adoration cheers up common people and helps to go ahead.



There should be clarity to avoid any misunderstanding.



My mom's weakness is the reason of anxiety for me.



Irregular daily routine brings disappointment to me.



Apprehension is not good for health.



Power and money brings lots of responsibilities as well.



Sleeping at right time gives us complete mind and body relaxation.



I have much weakness which makes me tired and fatigue.



Lots of pain makes us a real human being.



It keeps my parents delight when I got first rank in the class test.



I hate bad and lazy people as they never want to work.



Excitement and interest are very necessary things to complete any work.



Anger makes people stressed and fatigue.



True friendship is an effective tool to go ahead in positive way.



The condition of poor people makes me really sorrow.



I love my parents and grandparents as they care me a lot.



Helping others is the real joy of life.



I will surprise my mom as today is her birthday.



Today, I am feeling very helplessness as no one is there for me.



Eating medicines gives me relief from infection.



Do not worry, everything will be fine soon.



I worship to God daily which gives me strength.



We should give patients sympathy so that they can get well soon.



Happiness comes to our heart and soul when we help someone needy.



There is some uncertainty in the final exam date.

Common Nouns Top Nouns name places, people, animals, idea and things. All nouns can be further classified as proper or common. Common nouns are words used to name all-purpose items rather than specific ones. People in general are named using common nouns, though their official titles or given names are proper nouns. Common nouns are everywhere, and you use them all the time, even if you don’t realize it. Common nouns are general names and unless they are part of a title like Postmaster General or begin a sentence, they’re not usually capitalized. Go into your living room. What do you see? Lamp, couch, window, chair, TV, painting, candle – all of these items are named using common nouns. When we refer to people using common nouns, we use words like teacher, police officer, girlfriend, delivery driver, clerk, preacher, boyfriend, grandma, cousin, Street, bathroom, closet, mall, school, gas station; all of these places are named using common nouns. 

That boy wants to play with Simon.

(Simon is a proper noun. It's the name of a specific boy. The word boy is a common noun.) 

Aquafina Meadow Mineral Water is the best-tasting still water.

(Aquafina Mineral Water is a proper noun. It's the name of some specific water. The word water is a common noun.) All are common nouns because they name a thing, place, or person: o

People: mother, father, grandmother, child, toddler, teenager, teacher, student, minister, salesclerk, businessperson, woman, man etc.

o

Animals: lion, bear, tiger, dog, alligator, cat, cricket, wolf, bird, sparrow, elephant, cheetah

o

Things: table, pencil, book, iPad, boots, computer, coat, truck

o

Places: city, continent, state, country, restaurant, coffee shop, park, zoo

o

Ideas: envy, hate, love, respect, pride, patriotism

Definition of Common Noun A common noun is a name given in common to persons and things belonging to the same species. A common noun is the word for something (e.g., boy, dog, lake, bridge). Unlike a proper noun, which is the name we give to something (e.g., Thomas, Lucky, Lake Superior, The London Bridge). A common noun is used for a class of person, place, or thing. (A proper noun is used for a specific person, place, or thing.) Unless it starts a sentence or is part of a proper noun, a common noun is not written with a capital letter.

Common Nouns are words used to refer a specific class or type of person, place, or thing. They are broad, general terms. In other words, the word “girl” is a common noun, but the word “Joanna” is a proper noun because it’s the specific name of the girl. A common noun is a noun which is not the name of any particular person, place, or thing. A common noun denotes one or all of the members of a class, and it can be preceded by the definite article (the).

Common nouns can be further divided into count nouns and mass nouns. Further, common nouns can be classified asabstract nouns and concrete nouns. Mentioned below are common noun examples. Notice that the examples providing proper nouns name specific versions of the same type of person, animal, place, thing, or idea. Common Noun: You broke my favourite mug. Proper Noun: I can’t believe you broke my Mickey mug. Common Noun: I really want to live in a big city someday. Proper Noun: Of all the places I’ve lived, Paris was best. Common Noun: I wish I could remember the name of that painter. Proper Noun: I really love art by Van Gogh. Common Noun: Let’s go to watch a live game at the stadium. Proper Noun: Let’s try to get good seats at Big Cinema Field.

Common Noun: I really want a new pair of jeans. Proper Noun: I really want to buy a new pair of Levis. Common Noun: They’re all waiting for us at the restaurant. Proper Noun: Everyone else is at Dunkin Burgers.

Common Noun

Proper Noun

coffee shop chair waiter country jeans fire fighter sandwich arena

Satrbucks Roll-O-Rocker James Australia Levi's Captain Richard Ashley McDonalds Eden Garden

Common Noun Examples The following common noun examples will help recognize common nouns. In the sentences that follow, common noun examples are italicized. 

The age of my daughter is three.



He provided an excellent answer to my question.



I'm not sure of the name of that animal over there in that cage.



She put her baby into its crib.



The band played until three in the morning.



He works at the base on the otherside of town.



The bear is a dangerous but playful animal.



If you look up there you can see a bat flying between the trees.



He rang the bell to signal the end of class.



He picked up the block of wood and began to work on it.



He received a great blow from his opponent in the boxing match.



You will find the coin at the bottom of the lake.



Could you get some bread when you go to the supermarket?



The captain told his crew to raise the sail.



You will find the bottle of wine in that case over there.



If I had every rupee I have wasted I would be a very rich man indeed.



Last century was at times horrific and at times marvelous.



Her character can be very frustrating at times.



He picked up the little chick that had just been born.



Draw a circle on a piece of paper and write your ideas in it.



I read his latest column in the New York Times.



This corn is so sweet! Where did you get it?



Her cry could be heard above the crowd.



Would you like to go to the dance with me this Saturday?



Her design won the best project of the year award.



My daughter would love to have a dog.



She wore that pretty blue dress to the party.



We still don't know the long term effect his actions will have.



The ease with which he plays tennis shows how often he plays.



Would you like your egg boiled or fried?



She has so much energy! Just think of all the different things she does.

Common Noun List Notice and compare the difference between the common and proper nouns. Common Noun

Proper Noun

chocolate Greek god subject building

Snickers Zeus Chemistry Twin Towers

lizard island restaurant toy potato chips book inventor soda river country dog continent mountain king ship bird color friend car music month game Company food poet holiday President day history award language animal king fruit woman soldier

Komodo Dragon Maldives KFC Barbie doll Lays Harry Potter Albert Einstein Diet Coke Thames River United States Chihuahua Asia Mount Everest Solomon Titanic King Fisher Blue Jack BMW Bob Marley July Clash of Clans TCS Biryani Shakespeare Paris Abdul Kalam Thursday Adolf Hitler Oscar Tamil Wolf Akbar Apples Julia Lieutenant Mark Davis

Proper Nouns Top Nouns name person, ideas, places, animals and things. Every noun can further be classified as common or proper. Nouns, and proper nouns, have many different functions in a sentence. They can act as a subject, an adverb, an adjective, an appositive, as a direct or indirect object, or a subject or object complement.

Proper noun gets more specific, it gives us the actual name of the person, place, thing, or idea. The actual names of people are proper nouns. So are the names of states, rivers, streets, countries, oceans, companies, churches, institutions and more.

The rules for capitalizing proper nouns are pretty simple. Proper nouns always begin with a capital letter.

However there are times when a word can be used as either a common noun or proper noun and you might get confused as to when you should use the capitalized form. For example, “father” can either be common or proper. One rule for thumb is that if you are using the word as a title and name it should be capitalized. “Would you like to have dinner with me, Father?”

See the difference? In the first example the word was used more generally as a common noun. In the second example, the word was used like a name. In this instance the term “father” took the place of the actual name, such as “Tom.” A proper noun has two distinctive features: o

it will name a specific [usually a one-of-a-kind] item, and

o

it will begin with a capital letter no matter where it occurs in a sentence.

Proper Noun Definition A word or group of words that is the name of a particular person, place, or thing and that usually begins with a capital letter. A noun belonging to the class of words used as names for unique individuals, events, or places also called proper name. A proper noun is a noun that in its primary application refers to a unique entity, such as Paris, Pluto, Sarah, or Microsoft, as distinguished from a common noun, which usually refers to a class of entities (city, planet, person, corporation), or non-unique instances of a specific class (a city, another planet, these persons, our corporation).

Some proper nouns are written without the use of 'THE', such as we never use 'the' with the names of people, companies, years, languages. In some cases, the full name of companies are written with 'the'. In this case, 'the' becomes the part of company's name and written with capital letter. In some cases, we use 'the' before the name of a country if it's name includes "States", "Kingdom", or "Republic". Some proper nouns are written with the use

of 'THE', such as we use 'the' for names of canals, seas, rivers, oceans, countries that have plural names, famous buildings, museums, or monuments, newspaper names, decades, clauses introduced by only, unique people or objects, etc.

Proper nouns contrast with common nouns, which are the words for something (e.g., boy, dog, city, day). Common nouns are written with a capital letter only when they start a sentence.Proper nouns include the days of the week, the months of the year, towns, cities, streets, states, countries, and brands.

See below the differences between Common Noun and Proper Noun o

man/Jack

o

woman/Jones

o

state/California

o

company/IBM, General Motors

o

store/Nelman Marcus

o

restaurant/Mcbee’s

o

mountains/Everest

o

countries/Ireland, France, Australia

o

waitress/Letty

o

chair/La-Ze-Boy

o

soldier/Lieutenant Mark David

o

river/the Mississippi River

o

institution/University of England

To make things a little clearer for you, here is a list of proper nouns categories. o

Holidays: Christmas, Hanukkah, Thanksgiving, New Year’s Day,

o

Places, buildings: Yellowstone National Park, Ritz-Carlton, Empire State Building

o

Brand names: Coach, Pepsi, Coke, Lucky, Miranda

o

Geographical areas: San Francisco, Spain, the Nile River, Europe,

o

Books, Newspapers, Magazines: Atlanta Journal, Wuthering Heights, Southern Living

o

People and pets: Mrs. Caroline Jones, Snoopy, Rip Van Winkle

o

Companies and organizations: Google, General Electric, ChildFund International

o

Religious terms: Christian, Hindu, Allah, Methodist, God,

o

Titles: President Bush, Queen Elizabeth, King George, Judge Judy (titles are not capitalized when they’re referred to in general terms. For example: The criminal appeared before the judge.

o

Languages: English, Italian, French

Examples of Proper Noun In the following sentences, proper noun examples are compared with common nouns. Notice that the proper nouns are specific and unique, while the common nouns are much more general in nature. Common noun: I want to be a author. Proper noun: Agatha Christie wrote many books. Common noun: Would you like a cookie? Proper noun: I’m craving Oreos. Common noun: I’d like to adopt a dog. Proper noun: Cleopatra is the cutest kitten ever. Common noun: Let’s go to the metropolitan. Proper noun: Let’s go to San Francisco. Common noun: My painter starts work before sunup. Proper noun: Mr. Tumnus seems to understand what students need. Common noun: I think that’s a planet, not a star. Proper noun: I can see Mars tonight. Common noun: She’s always hanging out with her boyfriend. Proper noun: She never goes anywhere without Jack. Common noun: There are a lot of important forms in the archives. Proper noun: There are many important booklets at The Library of Senate.

For Example: 

I live in India from my birth.



She failed to get job in Microsoft



I saw Titanic movie first time in cinema hall.



My final exams will start on Monday.



We will go abroad in January.



I have a son named Valter and a daughter named Vendy.



I read in Chhabil Das Junior Public School.



I got gold medal for Badminton.



I like Doraemon cartoon very much.



Narendra Modi is the prime minister of India.



Rajani Tyagi is my class teacher.



My Principal name is Ravi Singh.



Albert Einstein was a physicist.



I bought a sports car from Renault.



I bought a camera of Sony



I was born in 1982.



I can easily talk in English.



I was travelling in the Arctic with my friends.



My ship crossed the Atlantic in 8 days.



I went to the Vietnam Memorial last year.



I saw the Eiffel Tower in scenery only.



This is the only day I become happy.



Today I saw the CEO of my company in a meeting.



My mother is the only person I generally listen to.



I like movies of the 70's.



I read this news in the Times of India.



My elder brother works for the New York Times.



The sun sets daily at 7 pm in summer.



The sky has been covered by clouds.



It's very difficult to hike across the Rocky Mountains.



I saw complete speech of the president on teacher's day.



One of the cricketers belongs to the Philippines.



The Statue of Liberty is located in New York.

Proper Noun Exercises Underline the proper nouns in the following sentences. 1. She has two dogs: a Jack Russel terrier and a German Shepherd. 2. The Amazon is one of the world’s longest rivers. 3. Is Google one of the world’s richest companies? 4. I told him not to bring chips, but he brought a bag of Lays anyway. 5. Could you go to the grocery store? There’s a Safeway down the street. 6. I bought them a six pack of Blue Moon, but they said they don’t drink beer. 7. Video game consoles are so expensive, but I really want to buy a PlayStation 5. 8. I want to move to a new country, possibly Norway. 9. Was Professor Wongley your professor for Stats101? 10. Minecraft is the only game she ever plays nowadays. 11. The Pacific Ocean is the world’s biggest and oldest ocean. 12. To Kill a Mockingbird was my favorite book in high school.

13. I met Joe at a party, he’s not a very nice person. 14. The computer lab only has Macs. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23.

The boy threw the ball to his dog, Wilson. I’d like you to meet my friend Jeremy. We’ll be vacationing in Aspen this year. My second grade teacher was Mrs. Gilbert, an old battle-axe. We went to Smith’s Furniture and bought a new couch to replace our old one. Do you think the Dolphins will win the game? I’m flying first-class on Emirate Airlines. Thomas Jefferson was a president and philosopher. My best friend moved to Israel to study.

24. When the Titanic sank, the captain went down with the ship. 25. I finally decided to buy a smartphone, but I’m torn between iPhone and Android. 26. I’ve always wanted to live in a big city like Chicago. 27. Iron Chef is the only show I watch anymore. 28. You really shouldn’t drink so much Mountain Dew. All that soda is bad for your health. 29. I drive an old Toyota. It’s not a luxurious car, but it works.

Countable Nouns Top The major dissection of English nouns is into "countable" and "uncountable". Nouns can be either countable or uncountable. Countable nouns (or count nouns) are those that refer to something that can be counted. Countable nouns have both singular and a plural form (e.g.cat/cats; man/men; country/countries). In the singular, they can be preceded by ‘a’ or ‘an.’ Most nouns come into this category. In plural, these nouns can be used with a number- they can be counted. Therefore they are called "countable nouns". A smaller sum of nouns do not usually refer to things that can be counted and so they do not regularly have a plural form: these are known as uncountable nouns (or mass nouns). Examples include: rain, flour, earth, wine, or wood.

In English grammar, countable nouns are individual people, places, animals, things, or ideas which can be counted. Uncountable nouns are not individual objects, so they cannot be counted. Although the idea may seem challenging, you’ll soon discover that these two different noun types are very easy to use. Countable nouns are the opposite of non-countable nouns. Countable nouns attract the question how many.

For example: 

How many cars?



How many animals?

Non-countable nouns attract the question how much.

For example: 

How much time?



How much wood?

What are Countable Nouns Anything that can be counted, whether singular – a dog, a house, a friend, etc. or plural – a few books, lots of oranges, etc. is a countable noun. Countable nouns are nouns that can be counted. Most nouns in English are countable. They have a singular and a plural form. The singular form can use the determiner "a" or "an". If you want to ask about the quantity of a countable noun, you ask "How many?" combined with the plural countable noun.

Examples: 

There is a cat in the garden.



There are some birds in the trees.

For positive sentences we can use a/an or some (with a plural verb form) 

There isn’t a dog in the garden.



There aren’t any birds in the tree.

For negatives we can use a/an or any (with a plural verb form). 

Is there an orange on the tree?



Are there any chairs in the garden?



How many chairs are there?

In questions we use a/an, any or how many. Singular

Plural

one dog one horse one shop one man one idea

two dogs two horses two shops two men two ideas

Countable nouns are easy to recognize. They are things that we can count. For example: "pen". We can count pens. We can have one, two, three or more pens. Here are some more countable nouns: Notice that singular verbs are used with singular countable nouns, while plural verbs are used with plural countable nouns. 

dog, cat, animal, man, person



bottle, box, litre



coin, note, dollar



cup, plate, fork



table, chair, suitcase, bag

Countable nouns can be singular or plural: 

My dog is playing.



My dogs are hungry.

"People" is countable. "People" is the plural of "person". We can count people: o There is one person here. o There are three people here.

We can use the indefinite article a/an with countable nouns: 

A cat is an animal.

When a countable noun is singular, we must use a word like a/the/my/this with it: 

I want an orange. (not I want orange.)



Where is my book? (not Where is book?)

When a countable noun is plural, we can use it alone: 

I like watermelons.



Glass can break.

We can use some and any with countable nouns: 

I've got some dollars.



Have you got any pens?

We can use a few and many with countable nouns: 

I've got a few dollars.



I haven't got many pens. Rules For Using Singular Countable Nouns

Rules For Using Plural Countable Nouns

A determiner is optional before noun or adjectives are used, such as a, the, this, one, ours, his etc. adverb if adjectives are used. The article "a" or :an" can be used. The articles "a" or "an" can't be used. Any number bigger then two can be used to Only the number one can be used to state the amount. state an amount. Possessive adjectives my be used such as his, Possessive adjectives my be used such as my, his, our etc. our, etc. Quantifiers can be used, such as some, any, Quantifiers can't be used. many, a lot etc. A demonstrative adjectives can be used such as this, those A demonstrative adjectives can be used such etc. as this, those etc. A determiner must be used before noun or adverb if

Countable Nouns Examples The following countable noun examples will help understand how countable nouns differ from each other.

1. She has three dogs. 2. There’s a big brown dog running around the neighbourhood. 3. There are at least twenty Italian restaurants in Little Italy. 4. I own a house. 5. Megan took a lot of photographs when she went to the Grand Canyon. 6. Your book is on the kitchen table. 7. How many friends do you have? 8. Do you have any apples? 9. He had little food in the house. 10. How many candles are on that birthday cake? 11. I would like two books please. 12. We don't have much time to get this done. 13. You have several paintings to study in art appreciation class. 14. There is some water on the floor. 15. There are some students here. 16. Few students like exams. 17. The city was filled with bright lights and harsh sounds. 18. Many Americans travel to Europe. 19. You are welcome as a guest in our home. 20. A lot of (many) Americans travel to Europe. 21. The guests at your party yesterday made a lot of noise. 22. There are plenty of millionaires in Switzerland. 23. The doctor had little time to think in the emergency room. 24. There is enough money to buy a car. 25. They have lots of (much) money in the bank. 26. We got lots of (much) rain last summer. 27. There is a little bit of pepper in the soup. 28. There are no squirrels in the park. 29. I've had some difficulties finding a job.

Countable Nouns Exercise Is the underlined noun countable or uncountable? 

There is a little bit of snow on the ground.



I have enough books to read.



They have plenty of money in the bank.



The talks will take place in the Canon building.



There is no time to finish now.



The guest of honor arrived late.



Guests are welcome here anytime.



Many religions are practiced in the United States.



I don't like black coffee. I usually have it with milk and sugar.



Carla has so many friends.



She has as many friends as Sue.



Kevin has too much money.



I need hardly any money.



Not many friends visited me.



To make a pancake, you need some eggs and flour



Excuse me. I need some information about the trains to Andhra.



Please, buy me a few apples for the cake.



It's too much for me. I can't eat it all.



I couldn't solve any of the Maths problems

Uncountable Nouns Top Uncountable nouns are things that cannot be counted with numbers. They may be the names for intellectual ideas or qualities or for physical entities that are too small or too unstructured to be counted (liquids, gases, etc.). Uncountable nouns are used with a singular verb. They generally do not have a plural form.

Uncountable nouns are not counted in English Language. Many of these words are countable in other languages, but they ARE NOT countable in English. Some nouns are countable in other languages but uncountable in English. They must follow the rules for uncountable nouns. The most common ones are: accommodation, advice, baggage, behaviour, bread, furniture, information, luggage, news, progress, traffic, travel, trouble, weather, work

Uncountable nouns (also called noncount nouns and mass nouns) are nouns that: o

cannot be counted

o

cannot be made plural

o

cannot be used alone with numbers

o

are not usually used with the articles "a" or "an"

We do not usually use the indefinite article a/an with uncountable nouns. We cannot say "an information" or "a music". But we can say a "something" of: 

a piece of news



a bottle of water



a grain of rice

Definition of Uncountable Nouns Uncountable nouns aren't distinct objects, hence cannot be counted. Uncountable nouns can be paired with words stating plural concept. Using these words one can make writing more specific. Uncountable nouns are substances, concepts etc. that cannot divide into separate elements. Thus we cannot "count" them.

Anything that cannot be counted is an uncountable noun. Notice that singular verbs are always used with uncountable nouns.Even though uncountable nouns are not individual objects, they are always singular and one must always use singular verbs in conjunction with uncountable nouns.

For example, we cannot count "milk". We can count "bottles of milk" or "litres of milk", but we cannot count "milk" itself. Here are some more uncountable nouns: 

rice, sugar, butter, water



music, art, love, happiness



furniture, luggage



money, currency



advice, information, news



electricity, gas, power

We cannot use a/an with these nouns. To express a quantity of an uncountable noun, use a word or expression like some, a lot of, much, a bit of, a great deal of , or else use an exact capacity like a cup of, 1L of, 1kg of, a bag of, an hour of, a pinch of, a handful of, a day of. If you want to ask about the quantity of an uncountable noun, you ask "How much?"

Uncountable Nouns Examples Uncountable noun refers to substances which cannot be counted. We can change uncountable noun into countable noun if we specify a unit or measuring standard for it. For example, water is an uncountable noun because we cannot count it. We cannot say, one water or two water. Such substances which cannot be counted in terms of numbers are called uncountable noun.

The following uncountable noun examples will help understand how uncountable nouns differ from each other. 1. There has been a lot of research into the causes of this disease. 2. He gave me a great deal of advice before my interview. 3. Can you give me some information about uncountable nouns? 4. Measure 1 cup of water, 300g of flour, and 1 teaspoon of salt. 5. There is no more water in the pond.

6. You say I drink a lot of milk. 7. How much rice do you want? 8. Do you want some cake? 9. I've got some garlic and some butter. 10. Students don’t seem to have much homework these days. 11. I haven't got enough paper. 12. He did not have much sugar left. 13. I'm looking for information about early rock and roll. 14. You have to get permission from the head teacher. 15. Please help yourself to some cheese. 16. People believed that ships made of iron would sink. 17. Step outside for some fresh air. 18. Did you bring any luggage to the hotel? 19. I need to find information about Pulitzer Prize winners. 20. I need a lot of money for my trip. 21. I don't hear much noise when the windows are shut. 22. Please take good care of your equipment. 23. We'll have two coffees. 24. I have no coffee for my guests. 25. I bought three waters. 26. Add a little flour to the dough. 27. Teachers need plenty of patience to work with children. 28. The company produces two leathers. 29. A little bit of kindness goes a long way. 30. Jim heard lots of thunder last night. 31. The office does not have enough work for another employee. 32. You seem to have a high level of intelligence. 33. Let’s get rid of the garbage.

Uncountable Nouns List Rules for using uncountable nouns o

Uncountable nouns have only one form, they act like a singular noun.

o

Uncountable nouns do not immediately follow A or AN

o

Uncountable nouns can be modified with quantity words and phrases

o

Uncountable nouns can be modified by using a word that specifies a container or a form

o

Some nouns can be countable or uncountable depending on their meaning and how they are used in a sentence

The most common List of Uncountable Nouns

General

Food

Subjects/ Fields

Abstract

Weather

Sports

Languages

Activities

Others

homework

food

economics

advice

lightning

golf

English

swimming

air

equipment

spaghetti

mathematics

help

ice

football

Spanish

speaking

oxygen

luggage

flour

physics

news

thunder

tennis

Portuguese

walking

anger

clothing

butter

ethics

fun

heat

cricket

French

listening

happiness

furniture

meat

commerce

patience

snow

baseball

Hindi

driving

stress

machinery

oil

civics

recreation

humidity

hockey

Russian

cooking

courage

gold

rice

engineering

happiness

rain

basketball

Arabic

jogging

childhood

silver

honey

art

enjoyment

hail

rugby

Italian

sleeping

hair

cotton

cake

politics

progress

sleet

soccer

Japanese

reading

sand

glass

soup

architecture

information

wind

chess

Chinese

working

chaos

jewellery

bread

sociology

confidence

light

bridge

Korean

writing

advice

perfume

fish

music

knowledge

darkness

poker

Hebrew

studying

motivation

soap

icecream

psychology

courage

sunshine

archery

Bosnian

running

advertising

paper

fruit

photography

space

fog

boxing

Czech

currency

wood

cheese

vocabulary

education

fall

diving

Danish

energy

petrol

salt

grammar

energy

cloudy

shooting

Filipino

entertainment

gasoline

toast

archaeology

intelligence

moisture

wrestling

Greek

evidence

baggage

tea

chemistry

peace

monsoon

rowing

Sinhala

labour

hair

pasta

poetry

laughter

hurricane

athletics

Tamil

music

traffic

coffee

history

pride

sunset

judo

Latin

luck

Uncountable Noun Exercises Is the underlined noun countable or uncountable? 

The children fell asleep quickly after a busy day of fun.



Be careful! The water is deep.



The parade included fire trucks and police cars.



We like the large bottles of mineral water.



The children are playing in the garden.



Michael can play several different musical instruments.



Scientists say that the environment is threatened by pollution.



My mother uses butter to prepare cakes.



There are a lot of windows in our classroom.



We need some glue to fix this vase.



Most pottery is made of clay.



The waiters in this restaurant are very professional.



My father drinks two big glasses of water every morning.



The bread my mother prepares is delicious.



Drivers must be careful; the road is slippery.



Some policemen are organizing road traffic to avoid any accidents.



I bought three bottles of mineral water for our picnic.



I'd like some juice please!



Successful candidates will join the camp later this year.



A rise in oil prices is inevitable since there is more and more world demand for energy.



The exercises on this website are interesting.



Dehydrated babies must drink a lot of water.



Adult illiterates learn through a special government program.



I met some nice people when I was walking along the beach.



My mother uses real butter in the cakes she bakes.



How many politicians does it take to pass a simple law?



Most kids like milk, but Joey hates it.



I was feeling so stressed that I ate an entire box of cookies.

Gender Masculine gender is used to refer male member of any species. For example: boy, man, brother, son, horse, lion etc. Feminine gender is used to refer female member of any species. For example: mistress, queen, tigress, mare, cow etc.

Here are list of Masculine and Feminine.

Masculine

Feminine

lion

lioness

actor

actress

shepherd

shepherdess

author

authoress

prince

princess

bachelor

spinster

boy

girl

bridegroom

bride

master

mistress

brother

sister

bull

cow

emperor

empress

monk

nun

father

mother

god

goddess

father-in-law

mother-in-law

gentleman

lady

duke

duchess

lord

lady

grandfather

grandmother

grandson

granddaughter

milk-man

Milk-maid

headmaster

headmistress

gander

goose

tiger

tigress

hero

heroine

host

hostess

waiter

waitress

nephew

niece

husband

wife

king

queen

landlord

landlady

male

female

man

woman

Mr.

Mrs.

son

daughter

uncle

aunt

horse

mare

stag

doe

poet

poetess

policeman

policewoman

postman

postwoman

prince

princess

sir

madam

wizard

witch

cock

hen

dog

bitch

peacock

peahen

Masculine and Feminine Words List in English Some rules that govern the formation of genders from Masculine to Feminine:-

By Adding - 'ess' to Masculine:Masculine

Feminine

Abbit

Abbess

Author

Authoress

Conductor

Conductress

Duke

Duchess

Director

Directress

Editor

Editress

Emperor

Empress

God

Goddess

Governer

Governess

Giant

Giantess

Heir

Heiress

Host

Hostess

Hunter

Huntress

Inspector

inspectress

Jew

Jewess

Lion

Lioness

Master

Mistress

Mayor

Mayoress

Negro

Negress

Poet

Poetess

Prince

Princess

Porter

Portess

Priest

Priestess

Prophet

Prophetess

Shephered

Shephedess

Songster

Songstress

Tailor

Tailoress

Tiger

Tigress

Tutor

Tutoress

Waiter

Waitress

Feminine formation by change of words, such as:-

Bachelor

Maid

Boy

Girl

Boar

Sow

Bridegroom

Bride

Brother

Sister

Buck

Doe

Colt

Filly

Drake

Duck

Drone

Bee

Earl

Countess

Fox

Vixen

Gander

Goose

Hart

Roe

Horse

Mare

Lad

Lass

Monk

Nun

Papa

Mammu

Ram

Eve

Swain

Nymph

Stag

Hind

Wizard

Witch

By adding a word before and after Bullcalf

Cowcalf

Doctor

Lady-Doctor

Land Lord

Land Lady

Man Servant

Maid Servant

Female forms of some borrowed nouns Beau

Belle

Czar

Czarina

Don

Donna

Fiance

Finance

Monsieur

Madame

Prosecutor

Prosecutrix

Signor

Signor

Sultan

Sultana

Masculine

Feminine

actor

actress

administrator

administratrix

author

authoress

bachelor

spinster

boy

girl

Boy Scout

Girl Guide

brave

squaw

bridegroom

bride

brother

sister

conductor

conductress

count

countess

czar

czarina

dad

mum

daddy

mummy

duke

duchess

emperor

empress

father

mother

father-in-law

mother-in-law

fiance

fiancee

gentleman

lady

giant

giantess

god

goddess

governor

matron

grandfather

grandmother

grandson

granddaughter

headmaster

headmistress

heir

heiress

hero

heroine

host

hostess

hunter

huntress

husband

wife

king

queen

lad

lass

landlord

landlady

lord

lady

male

female

man

woman

manager

manageress

manservant

maidservant

masseur

masseuse

master

mistress

mayor

mayoress

milkman

milkmaid

millionaire

millionairess

monitor

monitress

monk

nun

Mr.

Mrs.

murderer

murderess

Negro

Negress

nephew

niece

papa

mama

poet

poetess

policeman

policewoman

postman

postwoman

postmaster

postmistress

priest

prietess

prince

princess

prophet

prophetess

proprietor

proprietress

prosecutor

prosecutrix

protector

protectress

shepherd

shepherdess

sir

madam

son

daughter

son-in-law

daughter-in-law

step-father

step-mother

step-son

step-daughter

steward

stewardess

sultan

sultana

tailor

tailoress

testator

testatrix

uncle

aunt

usher

usherette

waiter

waitress

washerman

washerwoman

widower

widow

wizard

witch

Masculine

Feminine

antelope: buck

doe

ass

jenny

badger: boar

sow

bear: boar

sow

boar (pig)

sow

bull

cow

bullock

heifer/cow

cat: tom-cat

tabby-cat

cob (swan)

pen

cock (rooster)

hen

cockerel

pullet

colt (young horse)

filly

deer: buck

doe

dog

bitch

donkey

jenny

drake

duck

drone

bee

eagle

eagle

elephant: bull-elephant cow-elephant ferret: buck

doe

fox

vixen

gander

goose

guinea pig: boar

sow

goat: billy-goat/he-goat nanny-goat/she-goat hare: buck

doe

hedgehog: boar

sow

kangaroo: buck

doe

leopard

leopardess

lion

lioness

peacock

peahen

pig

sow

pigeon: cock-pigeon

hen-pigeon

rabbit: buck

doe

ram

ewe

rat: buck

doe

reindeer: buck

doe

rhinoceros: bull

cow

seal: bull-seal

cow-seal

sheep

ewe

sparrow: cock-sparrow hen-sparrow stag

hind

stallion

mare

tiger

tigress

turkey-cock

turkey-hen

whale: bull-whale

cow-whale

wolf: he-wolf

she-wolf

animal

masculine feminine

rabbit

buck

doe

horse

stallion

mare

sheep

ram

ewe

pig

boar

sow

chicken rooster

hen

duck

drake

duck

cattle

bull

cow

goose

gander

goose

fox

vixen

tiger

tiger

tigress

lion

lion

lioness

fox

Common gender nouns Some nouns are used for both males and females. These nouns are referred to as common gender nouns. Examples                      

baby, bird, cat, cattle, child, companion, comrade, cousin, dancer, deer, friend, guardian, guest, infant, owner, parent, passenger, pig, president, pupil, relative, sheep,

   

singer, student, swan, teacher,

Masculine and feminine nouns Masculine

Feminine

actor

actress

author

authoress

bachelor

spinster

boy

girl

bridegroom bride brother

sister

conductor

conductress

count

countess

czar

czarina

dad

mum

daddy

mummy

duke

duchess

man

woman

emperor

empress

father

mother

god

goddess

grandfather grandmother heir

heiress

hero

heroine

host

hostess

husband

wife

king

queen

man

woman

master

mistress

murderer

murderess

nephew

niece

poet

poetess

policeman

policewoman

prince

princess

sir

madam

son

daughter

uncle

aunt

wizard

witch

waiter

waitress

Singular and Plural Nouns Top A noun names a person, place, thing, or idea. The difference between singular and plural nouns is easy to spot. When a noun specifies one only, it is a singular noun. When a noun specifies more than one, it is plural. Plural nouns are words used to indicate that there is more than one person, animal, place, thing, or idea. The difference between singular and plural nouns is simple once you know what to look for.

When you talk about more than one of anything, you’re using plural nouns. When you write about more than one of anything, you usually use the same word, simply adding an s, es, or ‘ies’ to the end of the word. There are a few exceptions to this rule, but not many – one of the best is that a single moose is a moose, and a group of moose are still moose.

The plural form of most nouns is simply created by adding the letter s.

more than one snake = snakes more than one ski = skis more than one Barrymore = Barrymores

Definition of Singular and Plural Nouns Singular means only one. Plural means more than one.

The basic rule is to add s to make a noun plural. There are many irregular nouns that add es The rules are based on the letters at the end of the word. They are easiest to remember in categories.

Usually, the first page of a grammar book tells you about nouns. Nouns give names of concrete or abstract things in our lives. As babies learn "mom," "dad," or "milk" as their first word, nouns should be the first topic when you study a foreign language.

Only count-nouns actually have plural forms. Count-nouns signify items that exist in separated units you can count, such as apples, songs, or children. Non-count nouns represent items existing as a mass, such as powders and liquids (sand, water) or concepts (honesty, economics). In addition, unlike a singular count-noun that must have at least a/an as a determiner (This is an apple), plural count nouns can appear without a determiner (I like apples).

Some nouns have a fixed plural form and take a plural verb. They are not used in the singular, or they have a different meaning in the singular. Nouns like this include: trousers, goods, congratulations, glasses, stairs, wits, jeans, thanks, savings, steps, customs, tropics, wages, spectacles, outskirts 

Most of the nouns are made plural by adding an 's': o

bottle – bottles

o

cup – cups

o

pen – pens

o

desk – desks

o

sticker – stickers

o

window – windows



Nouns ending with s, ss, z, zz, x, ch, sh, and tch are made plural by adding "es" to the singular form: o

box – boxes

o

watch – watches

o

moss – mosses

o

bus – buses

o

wish - wishes

fox – foxes Attention: Proper nouns are exceptions to the rule. o



the Wendys (not Wendies)



the Kennedys (not Kennedies)



If a noun's singular form ends with a consonant plus y, you must change the y to I and then add "es": o

baby – babies

o

candy – candies

o

sky – skies

o

spy – spies

o

toy – toys

o

kidney – kidneys

o

memo – memos

o

stereo – stereos



Some Irregular Plural Forms: o

man – men

o

woman – women

o

foot – feet

o

tooth – teeth

o

child – children

o

medium – media

o

mouse – mice

o

goose – geese

Note: A singular subject takes a singular verb, and a plural subject takes a plural verb.

Therefore:



The media are presenting the story inaccurately.



Women are usually more sensitive than men

For nouns ending in f or fe, change f to v and add es. o

wolf – wolves

o

wife – wives

o

leaf – leaves

o

life – lives

o

potato – potatoes

A few nouns have the same singular and plural forms. o

sheep – sheep

o

deer – deer

o

series – series

o

species – species

o

moose – moose

o

series – series

o

fish – fish

o

aircraft – aircraft

o

sheep – sheep

Singular and Plural Nouns Examples Mentioned below are the examples of singular and plural nouns: 

My horse prefers to wear an English saddle.



Physics is our first lesson on Monday morning.



That cat never seems to tire of jumping in and out of the box.



The United States is a country with 50 federal states.



You stole my idea and didn’t give me any credit.



Your mom is going to be upset about that broken lamp.



She bought new furniture last week.



Would you like some fruit?



It’s not difficult to grow a tree as long as you give it plenty of water.



I can’t believe you let your dog stick his head out the window while you drive.



The girl went on a a shopping spree



The boys want to play football.



I have three children.



There are few buses on the road today.



I put two big potatoes in the lunch box.



Babies play with bottles as toys.



I saw a mouse running by.



The boy had a baseball in his hand.



The men in the car are wearing glasses.



The children always plays in the park.



The sheep are eating some grass.



My maths homework was not easy.



For further information on the hotel, phone us at .... 1800200...



His knowledge of English is excellent.



The boy went to the supermarket.



The children ate the cookies.



All presidents who were inaugurated in years ending in an ‘0’ were assassinated.

Singular and Plural Possessive Nouns Many people have trouble differentiating between possessive nouns and plural nouns. Possessive nouns and pronouns determine ownership or some similar relationship over something else. Plural nouns specify more than one person, place or thing. Some possessive nouns are actually personal pronouns. A pronoun is a word that can stand in for the noun in a sentence. In short, Possessive nouns are nouns that show ownership or possession. Normally these words would be a singular or plural noun, but in the possessive form they are used as adjectives to modify another noun or pronoun.

Example: The cat’s fur is a matted mess.

Here the word “cat’s” is a possessive noun. It is telling us that the noun “fur” belongs to the cat. The cat owns the fur.

Examples of Possessive Nouns 1. Recognizing possessive nouns is easy because they always show an apostrophe. Here are a few examples 2. Jenn’s new handbag matches her shoes perfectly. 3. The girls’ toys were lined up neatly on the shelf. 4. The dogs’ bowls are filled with cheeseburgers. 5. The bird’s cage needed cleaning. 6. The cars’ bumpers were locked in the traffic jam. 7. The cat’s bowl is filled with hotdogs.

8. However, depending on if the noun is singular or possessive; you may need to add an apostrophe and the letter “s” or just an apostrophe.

Singular Possessive Nouns

Examples of singular nouns that take the possessive form: 

It is Kate’s kitten.



Michele Obama is the President’s wife.



The party is at Charles’s house.



James’ wedding is next week.



This is Thomas’s coat.



Let’s go to Kentucky’s for lunch.



Is St. John’s a Catholic church?



Harvard’s attendance was down last year.



The doctor’s white coat was hanging in his office.



The salesman’s pitch was very persuasive.



My father-in-law’s hamburger recipe is the best.



Mary’s and Michael’s coats are red and black. (Each owns his or her own coat and they are different coats.)



Carol and John’s new car is the latest model.

Plural Possessive Nouns

Examples of plural nouns that take the possessive form: 

Women = women’s



Mice = mice’s



Cars = cars’



Rivers = rivers’