Design Review Report (r-1)
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Tower Hamlet(14th floor);16 Kemal Ataturk Avenue Banani C/A ; Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh Phone: +88-02-982 1368; Fax: + 88-02- 982 1368 E-mail: [email protected] Web site: www.axisdcl.com
Axis Design Consultants Ltd
USA: 532 New Brunswick Road, Somerset , NJ 08873, USA Tel: +1.732.246.0016; Fax :+1.732.325.0280 Web site: www.consultacg.com
DESIGN R E V I E W R E P O R T ( R - 1 ) : MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH. CONTRACT NO.: 43256553
Prepared for:
February, 2019
Table of Contents A.
DESIGN CONCEPT……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6 1.
GENERAL INFORMATION: ........................................................................................................................... 7 1.1.
Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 7
1.2.
Project Description.............................................................................................................................. 7
1.3.
Scope of Design Review Services ...................................................................................................... 13
1.3.1. 1.3.1.1.
SCI: ............................................................................................................................................ 13
1.3.1.2.
BRAC: ......................................................................................................................................... 13
1.3.1.3.
COAST:....................................................................................................................................... 14
1.3.1.4.
CODEC: ...................................................................................................................................... 14
1.3.1.5.
DAM: ......................................................................................................................................... 15
1.4.
B.
Available documents: .................................................................................................................... 13
Design Consideration: ....................................................................................................................... 15
1.4.1.
Structural system: ......................................................................................................................... 15
1.4.2.
Substructure:................................................................................................................................. 15
1.4.3.
Superstructure: ............................................................................................................................. 15
1.4.4.
Design Codes: ................................................................................................................................ 15
1.4.5.
Materials: ...................................................................................................................................... 15
1.4.6.
Superimposed Loads: .................................................................................................................... 16
1.4.7.
Lateral Loads: ................................................................................................................................ 16
1.4.8.
Load combinations: ....................................................................................................................... 17
LIMITATIONS:……………….…………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….18 2.0
C.
Limitations: ........................................................................................................................................... 19
OBSERVATIONS & FINDINGS…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….20 3.
D.
Observations & Findings ........................................................................................................................... 21 RECOMMENDATIONS……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 24
4.
Recommendations .................................................................................................................................... 25
E.
CONCLUSION……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………28
F.
ANNEXURE: ANALYSIS REPORT…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………30 6.0
Analysis Report for CASE-1: Single bamboo columns with bracing: ..................................................... 31
6.1 6.1.1 6.1.2 6.1.2.1
Analysis of the Structure with Finite Element Method (FEM) .......................................................... 31 Description: ................................................................................................................................... 31 Serviceability Assessment: ................................................................................................................ 33 Wind Force Calculation in Y-Direction: ......................................................................................... 33 DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
6.1.2.2
Seismic Force Calculation in X-Direction:...................................................................................... 34
6.1.2.3
Seismic Force Calculation in Y-Direction: ...................................................................................... 35
6.1.2.4
Global Drift due to Wind: .............................................................................................................. 36
6.1.2.5
Inter-Storey Drift due to Earthquake: ........................................................................................... 38
6.1.3 7.0
Modal Analysis: ................................................................................................................................. 40 Analysis Report CASE-2: Double bamboo columns with bracing:......................................................... 42
7.1 7.1.1 7.1.2
Description: ................................................................................................................................... 42 Serviceability Assessment: ................................................................................................................ 44
7.1.2.1
Wind Force Calculation in Y-Direction: ......................................................................................... 44
7.1.2.2
Seismic Force Calculation in X-Direction:...................................................................................... 45
7.1.2.3
Seismic Force Calculation in Y-Direction: ...................................................................................... 46
7.1.2.4
Global Drift due to Wind: .............................................................................................................. 47
7.1.2.5
Inter-Storey Drift due to Earthquake: ........................................................................................... 48
7.1.3 8.
Analysis of the Structure with Finite Element Method (FEM) .......................................................... 42
Modal Analysis: ................................................................................................................................. 51
Analysis Report For CASE-3: Four bamboo columns with no bracing: ..................................................... 53 8.1 8.1.1
8.1.2
Analysis of the Structure with Finite Element Method (FEM) .......................................................... 53 Description .................................................................................................................................... 53 Serviceability Assessment: ................................................................................................................ 55
8.1.2.1
Wind Force Calculation in Y-Direction: ......................................................................................... 55
8.1.2.2
Seismic Force Calculation in X-Direction:...................................................................................... 56
8.1.2.3
Seismic Force Calculation in Y-Direction: ...................................................................................... 57
8.1.2.4
Global Drift due to Wind: .............................................................................................................. 58
8.1.2.5
Inter-Storey Drift due to Earthquake: ........................................................................................... 59
8.1.3
Modal Analysis: ................................................................................................................................. 62
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
List of Figures: FIGURE 1: TYPICAL LEARNING CENTER ............................................................................................................................ 7 FIGURE 2: TYPICAL LEARNING CENTERS ........................................................................................................................... 8 FIGURE 3: TYPICAL LAYOUT PLAN OF LEARNING CENTRES .................................................................................................... 8 FIGURE 4: TYPICAL STRUCTURAL FRAMING OF LEARNING CENTRES ....................................................................................... 9 FIGURE 5: ROOF FRAMING WITH RAFTERS AND PURLIN ...................................................................................................... 9 FIGURE 6: LEARNING CENTERS- SINGLE BAMBOO COLUMNS WITH BRACINGS ...................................................................... 10 FIGURE 7: LEARNING CENTERS- SINGLE BAMBOO COLUMNS WITH BRACINGS ...................................................................... 10 FIGURE 8: LEARNING CENTERS- DOUBLE BAMBOO COLUMNS WITH BRACINGS .................................................................... 11 FIGURE 9: LEARNING CENTERS- DOUBLE BAMBOO COLUMNS WITH BRACINGS .................................................................... 11 FIGURE 10: LEARNING CENTERS- FOUR BAMBOO COLUMNS WITH NO BRACINGS ................................................................ 12 FIGURE 11: LEARNING CENTER- FOUR BAMBOO COLUMNS WITH NO BRACINGS ................................................................. 12 FIGURE 12: SINGLE BAMBOO COLUMNS WITH BRACING .................................................................................................. 21 FIGURE 13: SINGLE BAMBOO COLUMNS WITH BRACING AND ROOF .................................................................................... 21 FIGURE 14: DOUBLE BAMBOO COLUMNS WITH BRACING ................................................................................................. 22 FIGURE 15: DOUBLE BAMBOO COLUMNS WITH BRACING AND ROOF .................................................................................. 22 FIGURE 16: FOUR BAMBOO COLUMNS WITHOUT BRACING ............................................................................................... 23 FIGURE 17: FOUR BAMBOO COLUMNS WITHOUT BRACING ............................................................................................... 23 FIGURE 18: RECOMMENDED BRACING .......................................................................................................................... 25 FIGURE 19: RECOMMENDED BRACING DETAILS AT BOTTOM OF BAMBOO COLUMN .............................................................. 26 FIGURE 20: RECOMMENDED BRACING DETAILS AT TOP OF BAMBOO COLUMN ..................................................................... 26 FIGURE 21: RECOMMENDED SINGLE DIAGONAL BRACING AT GABLE SIDE ............................................................................. 27 FIGURE 22: SAMPLE OF WIND TIES ............................................................................................................................... 27 FIGURE 23: BRACED AND UNBRACED BAMBOO FRAME ................................................................................................... 29 FIGURE 24: SNAP SHOT OF ETABS MODEL. .................................................................................................................. 31 FIGURE 25: SNAP SHOT OF ETABS MODEL. .................................................................................................................. 32 FIGURE 26: SNAP SHOT OF WIND ALONG Y DIRECTION. .................................................................................................. 33 FIGURE 27: SNAP SHOT OF SEISMIC FORCE CALCULATION ALONG X DIRECTION ................................................................... 34 FIGURE 28: SNAP SHOT OF SEISMIC FORCE CALCULATION ALONG Y DIRECTION ................................................................... 35 FIGURE 29: SNAP SHOT OF GLOBAL DRIFT DUE TO WIND LOAD IN X-DIRECTION. ................................................................. 36 FIGURE 30: SNAP SHOT OF GLOBAL DRIFT DUE TO WIND LOAD IN Y-DIRECTION .................................................................. 37 FIGURE 31: SNAP SHOT OF INTER-STORY DRIFT DUE TO EARTHQUAKE LOAD IN X-DIRECTION. ................................................ 38 FIGURE 32: SNAP SHOT OF INTER-STORY DRIFT DUE TO EARTHQUAKE LOAD IN Y-DIRECTION. ................................................ 39 FIGURE 33: SNAP SHOT OF VALUES FROM DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR). ............................................................... 40
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
FIGURE 34: SNAP SHOT OF 1ST MODE DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR). ..................................................................... 40 FIGURE 35: SNAP SHOT OF 2ND MODE DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR). .................................................................... 41 FIGURE 36: SNAP SHOT OF 3RD MODE DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR). .................................................................... 41 FIGURE 37: SNAP SHOT OF ETABS MODEL. .................................................................................................................. 42 FIGURE 38: SNAP SHOT OF ETABS MODEL. .................................................................................................................. 43 FIGURE 39: SNAP SHOT OF WIND ALONG Y DIRECTION ................................................................................................... 44 FIGURE 40: SNAP SHOT OF SEISMIC FORCE CALCULATION ALONG X DIRECTION ................................................................... 45 FIGURE 41: SNAP SHOT OF SEISMIC FORCE CALCULATION ALONG Y DIRECTION ................................................................... 46 FIGURE 42: SNAP SHOT OF GLOBAL DRIFT DUE TO WIND LOAD IN X-DIRECTION. ................................................................. 47 FIGURE 43: SNAP SHOT OF GLOBAL DRIFT DUE TO WIND LOAD IN Y-DIRECTION .................................................................. 48 FIGURE 44: SNAP SHOT OF INTER-STORY DRIFT DUE TO EARTHQUAKE LOAD IN X-DIRECTION. ............................................... 49 FIGURE 45: SNAP SHOT OF INTER-STORY DRIFT DUE TO EARTHQUAKE LOAD IN Y-DIRECTION. ................................................ 50 FIGURE 46: SNAP SHOT OF VALUES FROM DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR). ................................................................ 51 FIGURE 47: FIGURE-32: SNAP SHOT OF 1ST MODE DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR)..................................................... 51 FIGURE 48: SNAP SHOT OF 2ND MODE DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR). ................................................................... 52 FIGURE 49: SNAP SHOT OF 3RD MODE DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR). .................................................................... 52 FIGURE 50: SNAP SHOT OF ETABS MODEL. .................................................................................................................. 53 FIGURE 51: SNAP SHOT OF ETABS MODEL. .................................................................................................................. 54 FIGURE 52: SNAP SHOT OF WIND ALONG Y DIRECTION ................................................................................................... 55 FIGURE 53: SNAP SHOT OF SEISMIC FORCE CALCULATION ALONG X DIRECTION ................................................................... 56 FIGURE 54: SNAP SHOT OF SEISMIC FORCE CALCULATION ALONG Y DIRECTION .................................................................. 57 FIGURE 55: SNAP SHOT OF GLOBAL DRIFT DUE TO WIND LOAD IN X-DIRECTION. ................................................................. 58 FIGURE 56: SNAP SHOT OF GLOBAL DRIFT DUE TO WIND LOAD IN Y-DIRECTION.................................................................. 59 FIGURE 57: SNAP SHOT OF INTER-STORY DRIFT DUE TO EARTHQUAKE LOAD IN X-DIRECTION. ................................................ 60 FIGURE 58: SNAP SHOT OF INTER-STORY DRIFT DUE TO EARTHQUAKE LOAD IN Y-DIRECTION. ................................................ 61 FIGURE 59: SNAP SHOT OF VALUES FROM DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR). ................................................................ 62 FIGURE 60: SNAP SHOT OF 1ST MODE DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR). ..................................................................... 62 FIGURE 61: SNAP SHOT OF 2ND MODE DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR). .................................................................... 63 FIGURE 62: SNAP SHOT OF 3RD MODE DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR). .................................................................... 63
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
A. DESIGN CONCEPT
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
1. GENERAL INFORMATION: 1.1. Introduction UNICEF desires to have built a total of 1,453 learning centers (LCs). Among these LCs, 592 new LCs being constructed in 2018 need to monitor the quality of construction and have to monitor for repair works from 861 LCs built in 2016-2017. Axis Design Consultants Ltd. (ADC) is entrusted to provide Design Review services for the construction of learning centres in Cox Bazar, Bangladesh as part of the assignment “Monitoring, quality assurance and capacity development services for the construction of learning centres in Cox Bazar”. The intent of the design review is to provide an independent review of the primary structural system and to determine that the design drawings comply in general with the requirements of applicable codes and standards. The review is based on the drawings, specifications and other documents of the project received from UNICEF. 1.2. Project Description Several new Learning Center at Cox’s Bazar have been constructed using bamboo as structural element. Most of these Learning Centers are 25’-0” X 19’-0” including verandah. For internal columns a four bamboo or double bamboos or single bamboo assembly is used whereas the external columns, especially in verandah the columns are either a single bamboo or two bamboo assembly. Rafters that are used are also a two bamboo assembly. Single bamboo is used as purlin. For roofing tarpaulin and sun grass have been used and are pitched to drain rain water from roof. Design Review was conducted considering the following structural framing systems as found in the field.
Figure 1: Typical Learning Center
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
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Figure 2: Typical Learning Centers
Figure 3: Typical layout plan of learning centres
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
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Usually, these learning Centers are Mono pitched roof bamboo Structures and typical structural framing is as per Figure-04 below.
Figure 4: Typical structural framing of learning centres
Figure-05 below shows roof framing with rafters and purlins.
Figure 5: Roof framing with rafters and purlin
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
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There are primarily three types of structural framing systems used for these learning centres by the NGO partners which are as below. CASE-1: Structural frame to include Single bamboo columns with bracings.
Figure 6: Learning Centers- Single Bamboo columns with bracings
Figure 7: Learning Centers- Single Bamboo columns with bracings
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
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CASE-2: Structural frame to include double bamboo columns with bracings.
Figure 8: Learning Centers- Double Bamboo Columns with bracings
Figure 9: Learning Centers- Double Bamboo Columns with bracings
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
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CASE-3: Structural frame to include four bamboo columns with no bracings.
Figure 10: Learning Centers- Four Bamboo Columns with NO bracings
Figure 11: Learning Center- Four Bamboo Columns with NO bracings
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
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1.3. Scope of Design Review Services The scope of the review includes: Review that design criteria and design assumptions conform to applicable codes and Standards. Review the design drawings for serviceability and adequacy; 1.3.1. Available documents: Design review is limited to the design drawings received from UNICEF which are as follows. 1.3.1.1.
SCI: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.
1.3.1.2.
PROTOTYPE 01 – PLAN PROTOTYPE 01 – ROOF STRUCTURE – BOTTOM LAYER PROTOTYPE 01 – ROOF STRUCTURE – CENTRAL LAYER PROTOTYPE 01 – ROOF STRUCTURE – LONG PURLIN LAYER PROTOTYPE 01 – ROOF STRUCTURE – SHORT PURLIN LAYER PROTOTYPE 01 – TOP VIEW PROTOTYPE 01 – FRONT ELEVATION PROTOTYPE 01 – SIDE ELEVATION PROTOTYPE 01 – SECTION A-A PROTOTYPE 01 – SECTION A-A WITH DIMENSION PROTOTYPE 01 – SECTION B-B PROTOTYPE 01 – SECTION B-B WITH DIMENSION PROTOTYPE 01 – DETAIL DRAWING CPA DESIGN CPA REDESIGN. FOUNDATION TYPE 1. CXBES CPA REDESIGN.
BRAC:
BRAC LC – DRAWING OPTION 1 1. COVER PAGE 2. CPA -FRONT ELEVATION 3. CPA -REAR ELEVATION 4. CPA –SIDE ELEVATION 5. PLANS 6. PLANS 7. ROOF PLANS 8. LONG ELEVATION 9. SHORT ELEVATION 10. FOOTING DETAIL
BRAC LC – DRAWING OPTION 2 1. COLUMN PLAN
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
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BRAC LC – SAVE THE CHILDERN 1. ALL ARE SAME AS DRAWING OPTION 1 1.3.1.3.
COAST:
CPA DESIGN 180301 MA 1. COVER PAGE 2. CPA -FRONT ELEVATION 3. CPA -REAR ELEVATION 4. CPA –SIDE ELEVATION 5. PLANS 6. PLANS 7. ROOF PLANS 8. LONG ELEVATION 9. SHORT ELEVATION 10. FOOTING DETAIL 1.3.1.4.
CODEC:
LC DESIGN DOUBLE ROOF JAN’18 1. COVER PAGE 2. FOUNDATION LAYOUT 3. FLOOR PLAN 4. FRONT ELEVATION 5. BACK ELEVATION 6. SIDE ELEVATION 1 7. SIDE ELEVATION 2 8. SECTION A-A’ 9. FOUNDATION & FLOOR DETAIL 10. JOINTS DETAILS 11. JOINTS DETAILS
LC DESIGN SINGLE ROOF NOV’17 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
COVER PAGE FOUNDATION PIT LAYOUT FLOOR PLAN STRUCTURAL SECTION ELEVATION (SIDE) ELEVATION (BACK) FOUNDATION & FLOOR DETAIL
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
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1.3.1.5.
DAM:
DAM LC 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22.
COVER PAGE FOUNDATION LAYOUT FLOOR PLAN FRONT ELEVATION BACK ELEVATION SIDE ELEVATION 1 SIDE ELEVATION 2 SECTION A-A’ FOUNDATION & FLOOR DETAIL JOINTS DETAILS JOINTS DETAILS
1.4. Design Consideration: 1.4.1. Structural system: Constructed structures are a bamboo frame structure. Structural system of the project is considered to be Building Frame System as per BNBC Table 2.5.7. 1.4.2. Substructure: The substructure is of concrete structure having concrete post with wide steel plate hooked at base and attached with Borak bamboo post, perimeter wall is enveloped with the bamboo woven matting reinforced with bamboo split. At floor brick soling is provided over the compacted earth on which 2” concrete be casted. 1.4.3. Superstructure: Superstructure is of Light Frame structure with columns, roofs with rafter and purlin. Plinth Typical Floor Height
= 2’-6” from E.G.L. = 11’-3”
These two parameters also varies based on site conditions. 1.4.4. Design Codes: Bangladesh National Building Code - 2006 (BNBC-2006) 1.4.5. Materials:
i.
Concrete:
Concrete Strength f’c= No data Available
Structural Element Foundation
Remarks
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
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ii.
Bamboo (Borak):
Analysis Parameters Unit Weight Modulus of Elasticity
Numerical Values
Remarks
52.5 lb/ft3 1535760 psi
1.4.6. Superimposed Loads: Floor
Use
Load (psf) Ceiling
Ground Floor Roof
Class Room Pitched Roof
Partition
0 0
0 0
Floor
Soil/
Live
Finish
Water
Load
15 0
0 0
60 20
Roof 1.4.7. Lateral Loads:
i) Wind load: Based on Bangladesh National Building Code (BNBC) – 2006 Basic Wind Speed = 260 km/h Exposure C Structure Importance Category, CI
= 1.00
Velocity to Pressure Conversion Co-efficient, Cc
= 47 x 10-6
Combined Height and Exposure Co-efficient, Cz
= As per Table 6.2.10
ii) Seismic Load: Based on Bangladesh National Building Code (BNBC) – 2006 Seismic zone coefficient (as per BNBC Table 2.5.3),
Z = 0.15
Response modification coefficient (as per BNBC Table 2.5.7), R = 7 Total Seismic dead load,
W
= Total dead load including Superimposed dead load.
Site Classification (as per BNBC Table 6.2.25)
= 1.2
Importance Factor, I
= 1.00
Dynamic Analysis Methods
= Modal Analysis (Eigen-Vector)
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1.4.8. Load combinations: Load combinations are as below: Sl. No.
Load combinations
01
DL
02
DL + LL
03
DL ± WX
04
DL ± WY
05
DL + LL ± WX
06
DL + LL ± WY
07
DL + LL ± EQX
08
DL + LL ± EQY
09
DL ± WX
10
DL ± WY
11
DL ± EQX
12
DL ± EQY
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B. LIMITATIONS:
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2.0
Limitations: i.
ii. iii. iv. v.
Mathematical models with sufficiently precise to predict the structural behaviour, commensurate with the standard of workmanship (of the labour-force) likely to be achieved, and with the reliability of the information on which the design is based was not available. Though properties of Bamboo are not available but considered as per Bangladesh National Building Code No test report available Member sizes assumed based on field inspection reports. Adequacy of foundation could not be reviewed due to non-availability of soil test report and assumed allowable bearing capacity of soil.
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C.
OBSERVATIONS & FINDINGS
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3. Observations & Findings 3.1 CASE-1: Single bamboo columns with bracing
Foundation: Adequacy of foundation could not be checked due to non availability of soil test report. However from experience and visual inspection of soil it seems that foundation should be satisfactory.
Column: Gravity load carrying capacity of bamboo columns appears to be satisfactory.
Figure 12: Single bamboo columns with bracing
Roof and Bracing: The LCs are acceptably ok in “X” direction but the LCs are weak in “Y” direction due to wind load. Inter-Storey Drift due to Earthquake is found to be ok. The LCs are not good for 2nd mode and 3rd mode based on modal analysis due to seismic load.
Figure 13: Single bamboo columns with bracing and Roof DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
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3.2 CASE-2: Double bamboo columns with bracing
Foundation: Adequacy of foundation could not be checked due to non availability of soil test report. However from experience and visual inspection of soil it seems that foundation should be satisfactory.
Column: Gravity load carrying capacity of bamboo columns appears to be satisfactory.
Figure 14: Double bamboo columns with bracing
Roof and Bracing: The LCs are acceptably ok in “X” direction but the LCs are weak in “Y” direction due to wind load. Inter-Storey Drift due to Earthquake is found to be ok. The LCs are not good for 2nd mode and 3rd mode based on modal analysis due to seismic load.
Figure 15: Double bamboo columns with bracing and Roof DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
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3.3 CASE-3: Four bamboo columns with no bracing
Foundation: Adequacy of foundation could not be checked due to non availability of soil test report. However from experience and visual inspection of soil it seems that foundation should be satisfactory.
Column: Gravity load carrying capacity of bamboo columns appears to be satisfactory.
Figure 16: Four bamboo columns without bracing
Roof and Bracing: The LCs are weak in both “X” direction and “Y” direction due to wind load. InterStorey Drift due to Earthquake is found not to be ok in “X” direction and requires bracings. The LCs are good for 1st mode, 2nd mode and 3rd mode based on modal analysis due to seismic load.
Figure 17: Four bamboo columns without bracing
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D.
RECOMMENDATIONS
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4. Recommendations 4.1 CASE-1: Single bamboo columns with bracing Though the LCs are acceptably ok in “X” direction but the LCs are weak in “Y” direction due to wind load and requires further adequate bracings in “Y” direction. The LCs are not good for 2nd mode and 3rd mode based on modal analysis due to seismic load but 2nd mode and 3rd mode can be ignored considering characteristics of the LCs. Wind ties may be incorporated for improvement of performances of LCs. 4.2 CASE-2: Double bamboo columns with bracing Though the LCs are acceptably ok in “X” direction but the LCs are weak in “Y” direction due to wind load and requires further adequate bracings in “Y” direction. The LCs are not good for 2nd mode and 3rd mode based on modal analysis due to seismic load but 2nd mode and 3rd mode can be ignored considering characteristics of the LCs. Wind ties may be incorporated for improvement of performances of LCs. 4.3 CASE-3: Four bamboo columns with no bracing The LCs are weak in both “X” direction and “Y” direction due to wind load and requires adequate bracings in “X” direction and “Y” direction. Inter-Storey Drift due to Earthquake is found not to be ok in “X” direction and requires bracings. Wind ties may be incorporated for improvement of performances of LCs. RECOMMENDED BRACING SYSTEMS AT ALL SIDES OF LEARNING CENTRES:
Figure 18: Recommended Bracing
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Figure 19: Recommended Bracing Details at bottom of bamboo column
Figure 20: Recommended Bracing Details at top of bamboo column DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 26 of 62
Figure 21: Recommended single diagonal bracing at gable side
RECOMMENDED WIND TIES:
Figure 22: Sample of Wind ties DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 27 of 62
E.
CONCLUSION
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5. Conclusion Bamboo has been recognized for many years as a potentially sustainable alternative to conventional building materials. It is found that bamboo has been used as prime construction material for an emergency response project like learning centers. Learning centres must be safe and should withstand following loads as per code requirement. Gravity Load Wind Load Seismic Load Though mature bamboo columns with an average minimum diameter of 4” are found to carry gravity load satisfactorily but may not be capable to withstand lateral loads like wind and earthquake even with a combination of 4 bamboos as a column. Figure 23 explains the scenario of braced (with proper adequate bracing) and unbraced (without proper adequate bracing) bamboo columns.
Figure 23: Braced and Unbraced Bamboo frame Large sway say more than about 0.66 inch, considering average height of learning centres = 11 feet, may subject the structure unserviceable and even risk of collapse. As such it can be seen from above that learning centres with unbraced (without proper adequate bracing) bamboo columns may not be safe from lateral load consideration. As such adequate proper bracings have to be ensured in the learning centres for lateral stability. Wind ties may also be introduced to hold back the Learning centres in case of high wind. It can be concluded from the design review that the learning centres require improvement for adequacy of structural performance in particular from lateral stability consideration.
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F. ANNEXURE: ANALYSIS REPORT
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6.0
Analysis Report for CASE-1: Single bamboo columns with bracing: 6.1
Analysis of the Structure with Finite Element Method (FEM) 6.1.1
Description:
In Learning Center at Cox’s Bazar for internal columns one bamboo assembly is used along with wall bracing of single bamboo as well as the external columns, especially in verandah the columns are either a single bamboo. The constructed building is modeled and analyzed considering structural design consideration stated in Part A above. ETABS v9.7.4 was adopted for analyzing the response of the structure due to lateral loads- Wind and Earthquake.
Figure 24: Snap Shot of ETABS Model.
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Figure 25: Snap Shot of ETABS Model.
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Following sections represents the result of the assessment from FEM Analysis
6.1.2 Serviceability Assessment: 6.1.2.1
Wind Force Calculation in Y-Direction:
Following Figure-26 shows detail calculation as per BNBC -2006:
Figure 26: Snap Shot of Wind along Y Direction.
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6.1.2.2
Seismic Force Calculation in X-Direction:
Following Figure-27 shows detail calculation as per BNBC -2006.
Figure 27: Snap Shot of Seismic Force Calculation along X Direction
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6.1.2.3
Seismic Force Calculation in Y-Direction:
Following Figure-28 shows detail calculation as per BNBC -2006.
Figure 28: Snap Shot of Seismic Force Calculation along Y Direction
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6.1.2.4
Global Drift due to Wind:
Deflection
Deflection
Allowable
Actual
Wind in X-Direction
≤ L/200
L/150
Ok.
Wind in Y-Direction
≤ L/200
L/22.5
Not Ok.
Load direction
Remarks
See figure-29 & 30 for references.
Figure 29: Snap Shot of Global Drift due to Wind load in X-direction. DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
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Figure 30: Snap Shot of Global Drift due to Wind load in Y-direction
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6.1.2.5
Inter-Storey Drift due to Earthquake:
Load direction
Drift Index
Drift Index
Remarks
Allowable
Actual
Earthquake in X-Direction
≤ 0.0043
0.00125
Ok.
Earthquake in Y-Direction
≤ 0.0043
0.00004
Ok.
See figure-31 & 32 for references.
Figure 31: Snap Shot of Inter-Story Drift due to Earthquake load in X-direction.
Design Report (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
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Figure 32: Snap Shot of Inter-Story Drift due to Earthquake load in Y-direction.
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6.1.3 Modal Analysis: Load direction
Rz (%) Allowable
Rz (%) Actual
Remarks
1st MODE
≤5
0.0
Ok
2nd MODE
≤ 10
17.78
Not Ok
3rd MODE
≥25
0.362
Not Ok
See figure-33, 34, 35 & 36 for references.
Figure 33: Snap Shot of Values from Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector).
Figure 34: Snap Shot of 1st Mode Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector). (Arrow indicates Translational Motion in the Shown Direction)
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Figure 35: Snap Shot of 2nd Mode Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector). (Arrow indicates Twisting Motion in the Shown Direction)
Figure 36: Snap Shot of 3rd Mode Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector). (Arrow indicates Twisting in the Shown Direction)
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7.0
Analysis Report CASE-2: Double bamboo columns with bracing: 7.1
Analysis of the Structure with Finite Element Method (FEM)
7.1.1 Description: In Learning Center at Cox’s Bazar for internal columns a two bamboo assembly is used along with wall bracing of single bamboo whereas the external columns, especially in verandah the columns are a single bamboo assembly. The constructed building is modeled and analyzed considering structural design consideration stated in Part A above. ETABS v9.7.4 was adopted for analyzing the response of the structure due to lateral loads- Wind and Earthquake.
Figure 37: Snap Shot of ETABS Model.
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Figure 38: Snap Shot of ETABS Model.
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Page 43 of 62
Following sections represents the result of the assessment from FEM Analysis:
7.1.2 Serviceability Assessment: 7.1.2.1
Wind Force Calculation in Y-Direction:
Following Figure-39 shows detail calculation as per BNBC -2006:
Figure 39: Snap Shot of Wind along Y Direction
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7.1.2.2
Seismic Force Calculation in X-Direction:
Following Figure-40 shows detail calculation as per BNBC -2006.
Figure 40: Snap Shot of Seismic Force Calculation along X Direction
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7.1.2.3
Seismic Force Calculation in Y-Direction:
Following Figure-41 shows detail calculation as per BNBC -2006.
Figure 41: Snap Shot of Seismic Force Calculation along Y Direction
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7.1.2.4
Global Drift due to Wind:
Deflection
Deflection
Allowable
Actual
Wind in X-Direction
≤ L/200
L/170
Ok.
Wind in Y-Direction
≤ L/200
L/25
Not Ok.
Load direction
Remarks
See figure-42 & 43 for references.
Figure 42: Snap Shot of Global Drift due to Wind load in X-direction.
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Figure 43: Snap Shot of Global Drift due to Wind load in Y-direction 7.1.2.5
Inter-Storey Drift due to Earthquake:
Load direction
Drift Index
Drift Index
Remarks
Allowable
Actual
Earthquake in X-Direction
≤ 0.0043
0.00114
Ok.
Earthquake in Y-Direction
≤ 0.0043
0.00003
Ok.
See figure-44 & 45 for references.
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Figure 44: Snap Shot of Inter-Story Drift due to Earthquake load in X-direction.
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Figure 45: Snap Shot of Inter-Story Drift due to Earthquake load in Y-direction.
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7.1.3 Modal Analysis: Load direction
Rz (%) Allowable
Rz (%) Actual
Remarks
1st MODE
≤5
0.0
Ok
2nd MODE
≤ 10
14.04
Not Ok
3rd MODE
≥25
3.62
Not Ok
See figure- 46, 47 , 48 & 49 for references.
Figure 46: Snap Shot of Values from Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector).
Figure 47: Figure-32: Snap Shot of 1st Mode Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector). (Arrow indicates Translational Motion in the Shown Direction)
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Figure 48: Snap Shot of 2nd Mode Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector). (Arrow indicates Twisting Motion in the Shown Direction)
Figure 49: Snap Shot of 3rd Mode Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector). (Arrow indicates Twisting Motion in the Shown Direction
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8. Analysis Report For CASE-3: Four bamboo columns with no bracing: 8.1 Analysis of the Structure with Finite Element Method (FEM) 8.1.1
Description
In Learning Center at Cox’s Bazar for internal columns a four bamboo assembly is used whereas the external columns, especially in verandah the columns are either a single bamboo or two bamboo assembly. The constructed building is modeled and analyzed considering structural design consideration stated in Part A above. ETABS v9.7.4 was adopted for analyzing the response of the structure due to lateral loads- Wind and Earthquake.
Figure 50: Snap Shot of ETABS Model.
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Figure 51: Snap Shot of ETABS Model.
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Following sections represents the result of the assessment from FEM Analysis:
8.1.2 Serviceability Assessment: 8.1.2.1 Wind Force Calculation in Y-Direction: Following Figure-52 shows detail calculation as per BNBC -2006:
Figure 52: Snap Shot of Wind along Y Direction
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8.1.2.2 Seismic Force Calculation in X-Direction: Following Figure-53 shows detail calculation as per BNBC -2006.
Figure 53: Snap Shot of Seismic Force Calculation along X Direction
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8.1.2.3 Seismic Force Calculation in Y-Direction: Following Figure-54 shows detail calculation as per BNBC -2006.
Figure 54: Snap Shot of Seismic Force Calculation along Y Direction
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8.1.2.4 Global Drift due to Wind:
Deflection
Deflection
Allowable
Actual
Wind in X-Direction
≤ L/200
L/4
Not Ok.
Wind in Y-Direction
≤ L/200
L/24
Not Ok.
Load direction
Remarks
See figure-55 & 56 for references.
Figure 55: Snap Shot of Global Drift due to Wind load in X-direction.
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Figure 56: Snap Shot of Global Drift due to Wind load in Y-direction 8.1.2.5 Inter-Storey Drift due to Earthquake:
Load direction
Drift Index
Drift Index
Remarks
Allowable
Actual
Earthquake in X-Direction
≤ 0.0043
0.0158
Not Ok.
Earthquake in Y-Direction
≤ 0.0043
0.0021
Ok.
See figure-57 & 58 for references.
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Figure 57: Snap Shot of Inter-Story Drift due to Earthquake load in X-direction.
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Figure 58: Snap Shot of Inter-Story Drift due to Earthquake load in Y-direction.
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8.1.3 Modal Analysis: Load direction
Rz (%) Allowable
Rz (%) Actual
Remarks
1st MODE
≤5
1.80
Ok
2nd MODE
≤ 10
.003
Ok
3rd MODE
≥25
59.71
Ok
See figure-59, 60 , 61 & 62 for references.
Figure 59: Snap Shot of Values from Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector).
Figure 60: Snap Shot of 1st Mode Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector). (Arrow indicates Translational Motion in the Shown Direction)
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Figure 61: Snap Shot of 2nd Mode Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector). (Arrow indicates Translational Motion in the Shown Direction)
Figure 62: Snap Shot of 3rd Mode Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector). (Arrow indicates Rotational in the Shown Direction)
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Axis Design Consultants Ltd
USA: 532 New Brunswick Road, Somerset , NJ 08873, USA Tel: +1.732.246.0016; Fax :+1.732.325.0280 Web site: www.consultacg.com
DESIGN R E V I E W R E P O R T ( R - 1 ) : MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH. CONTRACT NO.: 43256553
Prepared for:
February, 2019
Table of Contents A.
DESIGN CONCEPT……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….6 1.
GENERAL INFORMATION: ........................................................................................................................... 7 1.1.
Introduction ........................................................................................................................................ 7
1.2.
Project Description.............................................................................................................................. 7
1.3.
Scope of Design Review Services ...................................................................................................... 13
1.3.1. 1.3.1.1.
SCI: ............................................................................................................................................ 13
1.3.1.2.
BRAC: ......................................................................................................................................... 13
1.3.1.3.
COAST:....................................................................................................................................... 14
1.3.1.4.
CODEC: ...................................................................................................................................... 14
1.3.1.5.
DAM: ......................................................................................................................................... 15
1.4.
B.
Available documents: .................................................................................................................... 13
Design Consideration: ....................................................................................................................... 15
1.4.1.
Structural system: ......................................................................................................................... 15
1.4.2.
Substructure:................................................................................................................................. 15
1.4.3.
Superstructure: ............................................................................................................................. 15
1.4.4.
Design Codes: ................................................................................................................................ 15
1.4.5.
Materials: ...................................................................................................................................... 15
1.4.6.
Superimposed Loads: .................................................................................................................... 16
1.4.7.
Lateral Loads: ................................................................................................................................ 16
1.4.8.
Load combinations: ....................................................................................................................... 17
LIMITATIONS:……………….…………. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….18 2.0
C.
Limitations: ........................................................................................................................................... 19
OBSERVATIONS & FINDINGS…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….20 3.
D.
Observations & Findings ........................................................................................................................... 21 RECOMMENDATIONS……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 24
4.
Recommendations .................................................................................................................................... 25
E.
CONCLUSION……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………28
F.
ANNEXURE: ANALYSIS REPORT…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………30 6.0
Analysis Report for CASE-1: Single bamboo columns with bracing: ..................................................... 31
6.1 6.1.1 6.1.2 6.1.2.1
Analysis of the Structure with Finite Element Method (FEM) .......................................................... 31 Description: ................................................................................................................................... 31 Serviceability Assessment: ................................................................................................................ 33 Wind Force Calculation in Y-Direction: ......................................................................................... 33 DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
6.1.2.2
Seismic Force Calculation in X-Direction:...................................................................................... 34
6.1.2.3
Seismic Force Calculation in Y-Direction: ...................................................................................... 35
6.1.2.4
Global Drift due to Wind: .............................................................................................................. 36
6.1.2.5
Inter-Storey Drift due to Earthquake: ........................................................................................... 38
6.1.3 7.0
Modal Analysis: ................................................................................................................................. 40 Analysis Report CASE-2: Double bamboo columns with bracing:......................................................... 42
7.1 7.1.1 7.1.2
Description: ................................................................................................................................... 42 Serviceability Assessment: ................................................................................................................ 44
7.1.2.1
Wind Force Calculation in Y-Direction: ......................................................................................... 44
7.1.2.2
Seismic Force Calculation in X-Direction:...................................................................................... 45
7.1.2.3
Seismic Force Calculation in Y-Direction: ...................................................................................... 46
7.1.2.4
Global Drift due to Wind: .............................................................................................................. 47
7.1.2.5
Inter-Storey Drift due to Earthquake: ........................................................................................... 48
7.1.3 8.
Analysis of the Structure with Finite Element Method (FEM) .......................................................... 42
Modal Analysis: ................................................................................................................................. 51
Analysis Report For CASE-3: Four bamboo columns with no bracing: ..................................................... 53 8.1 8.1.1
8.1.2
Analysis of the Structure with Finite Element Method (FEM) .......................................................... 53 Description .................................................................................................................................... 53 Serviceability Assessment: ................................................................................................................ 55
8.1.2.1
Wind Force Calculation in Y-Direction: ......................................................................................... 55
8.1.2.2
Seismic Force Calculation in X-Direction:...................................................................................... 56
8.1.2.3
Seismic Force Calculation in Y-Direction: ...................................................................................... 57
8.1.2.4
Global Drift due to Wind: .............................................................................................................. 58
8.1.2.5
Inter-Storey Drift due to Earthquake: ........................................................................................... 59
8.1.3
Modal Analysis: ................................................................................................................................. 62
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List of Figures: FIGURE 1: TYPICAL LEARNING CENTER ............................................................................................................................ 7 FIGURE 2: TYPICAL LEARNING CENTERS ........................................................................................................................... 8 FIGURE 3: TYPICAL LAYOUT PLAN OF LEARNING CENTRES .................................................................................................... 8 FIGURE 4: TYPICAL STRUCTURAL FRAMING OF LEARNING CENTRES ....................................................................................... 9 FIGURE 5: ROOF FRAMING WITH RAFTERS AND PURLIN ...................................................................................................... 9 FIGURE 6: LEARNING CENTERS- SINGLE BAMBOO COLUMNS WITH BRACINGS ...................................................................... 10 FIGURE 7: LEARNING CENTERS- SINGLE BAMBOO COLUMNS WITH BRACINGS ...................................................................... 10 FIGURE 8: LEARNING CENTERS- DOUBLE BAMBOO COLUMNS WITH BRACINGS .................................................................... 11 FIGURE 9: LEARNING CENTERS- DOUBLE BAMBOO COLUMNS WITH BRACINGS .................................................................... 11 FIGURE 10: LEARNING CENTERS- FOUR BAMBOO COLUMNS WITH NO BRACINGS ................................................................ 12 FIGURE 11: LEARNING CENTER- FOUR BAMBOO COLUMNS WITH NO BRACINGS ................................................................. 12 FIGURE 12: SINGLE BAMBOO COLUMNS WITH BRACING .................................................................................................. 21 FIGURE 13: SINGLE BAMBOO COLUMNS WITH BRACING AND ROOF .................................................................................... 21 FIGURE 14: DOUBLE BAMBOO COLUMNS WITH BRACING ................................................................................................. 22 FIGURE 15: DOUBLE BAMBOO COLUMNS WITH BRACING AND ROOF .................................................................................. 22 FIGURE 16: FOUR BAMBOO COLUMNS WITHOUT BRACING ............................................................................................... 23 FIGURE 17: FOUR BAMBOO COLUMNS WITHOUT BRACING ............................................................................................... 23 FIGURE 18: RECOMMENDED BRACING .......................................................................................................................... 25 FIGURE 19: RECOMMENDED BRACING DETAILS AT BOTTOM OF BAMBOO COLUMN .............................................................. 26 FIGURE 20: RECOMMENDED BRACING DETAILS AT TOP OF BAMBOO COLUMN ..................................................................... 26 FIGURE 21: RECOMMENDED SINGLE DIAGONAL BRACING AT GABLE SIDE ............................................................................. 27 FIGURE 22: SAMPLE OF WIND TIES ............................................................................................................................... 27 FIGURE 23: BRACED AND UNBRACED BAMBOO FRAME ................................................................................................... 29 FIGURE 24: SNAP SHOT OF ETABS MODEL. .................................................................................................................. 31 FIGURE 25: SNAP SHOT OF ETABS MODEL. .................................................................................................................. 32 FIGURE 26: SNAP SHOT OF WIND ALONG Y DIRECTION. .................................................................................................. 33 FIGURE 27: SNAP SHOT OF SEISMIC FORCE CALCULATION ALONG X DIRECTION ................................................................... 34 FIGURE 28: SNAP SHOT OF SEISMIC FORCE CALCULATION ALONG Y DIRECTION ................................................................... 35 FIGURE 29: SNAP SHOT OF GLOBAL DRIFT DUE TO WIND LOAD IN X-DIRECTION. ................................................................. 36 FIGURE 30: SNAP SHOT OF GLOBAL DRIFT DUE TO WIND LOAD IN Y-DIRECTION .................................................................. 37 FIGURE 31: SNAP SHOT OF INTER-STORY DRIFT DUE TO EARTHQUAKE LOAD IN X-DIRECTION. ................................................ 38 FIGURE 32: SNAP SHOT OF INTER-STORY DRIFT DUE TO EARTHQUAKE LOAD IN Y-DIRECTION. ................................................ 39 FIGURE 33: SNAP SHOT OF VALUES FROM DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR). ............................................................... 40
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FIGURE 34: SNAP SHOT OF 1ST MODE DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR). ..................................................................... 40 FIGURE 35: SNAP SHOT OF 2ND MODE DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR). .................................................................... 41 FIGURE 36: SNAP SHOT OF 3RD MODE DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR). .................................................................... 41 FIGURE 37: SNAP SHOT OF ETABS MODEL. .................................................................................................................. 42 FIGURE 38: SNAP SHOT OF ETABS MODEL. .................................................................................................................. 43 FIGURE 39: SNAP SHOT OF WIND ALONG Y DIRECTION ................................................................................................... 44 FIGURE 40: SNAP SHOT OF SEISMIC FORCE CALCULATION ALONG X DIRECTION ................................................................... 45 FIGURE 41: SNAP SHOT OF SEISMIC FORCE CALCULATION ALONG Y DIRECTION ................................................................... 46 FIGURE 42: SNAP SHOT OF GLOBAL DRIFT DUE TO WIND LOAD IN X-DIRECTION. ................................................................. 47 FIGURE 43: SNAP SHOT OF GLOBAL DRIFT DUE TO WIND LOAD IN Y-DIRECTION .................................................................. 48 FIGURE 44: SNAP SHOT OF INTER-STORY DRIFT DUE TO EARTHQUAKE LOAD IN X-DIRECTION. ............................................... 49 FIGURE 45: SNAP SHOT OF INTER-STORY DRIFT DUE TO EARTHQUAKE LOAD IN Y-DIRECTION. ................................................ 50 FIGURE 46: SNAP SHOT OF VALUES FROM DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR). ................................................................ 51 FIGURE 47: FIGURE-32: SNAP SHOT OF 1ST MODE DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR)..................................................... 51 FIGURE 48: SNAP SHOT OF 2ND MODE DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR). ................................................................... 52 FIGURE 49: SNAP SHOT OF 3RD MODE DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR). .................................................................... 52 FIGURE 50: SNAP SHOT OF ETABS MODEL. .................................................................................................................. 53 FIGURE 51: SNAP SHOT OF ETABS MODEL. .................................................................................................................. 54 FIGURE 52: SNAP SHOT OF WIND ALONG Y DIRECTION ................................................................................................... 55 FIGURE 53: SNAP SHOT OF SEISMIC FORCE CALCULATION ALONG X DIRECTION ................................................................... 56 FIGURE 54: SNAP SHOT OF SEISMIC FORCE CALCULATION ALONG Y DIRECTION .................................................................. 57 FIGURE 55: SNAP SHOT OF GLOBAL DRIFT DUE TO WIND LOAD IN X-DIRECTION. ................................................................. 58 FIGURE 56: SNAP SHOT OF GLOBAL DRIFT DUE TO WIND LOAD IN Y-DIRECTION.................................................................. 59 FIGURE 57: SNAP SHOT OF INTER-STORY DRIFT DUE TO EARTHQUAKE LOAD IN X-DIRECTION. ................................................ 60 FIGURE 58: SNAP SHOT OF INTER-STORY DRIFT DUE TO EARTHQUAKE LOAD IN Y-DIRECTION. ................................................ 61 FIGURE 59: SNAP SHOT OF VALUES FROM DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR). ................................................................ 62 FIGURE 60: SNAP SHOT OF 1ST MODE DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR). ..................................................................... 62 FIGURE 61: SNAP SHOT OF 2ND MODE DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR). .................................................................... 63 FIGURE 62: SNAP SHOT OF 3RD MODE DYNAMIC ANALYSIS (EIGEN-VECTOR). .................................................................... 63
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A. DESIGN CONCEPT
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1. GENERAL INFORMATION: 1.1. Introduction UNICEF desires to have built a total of 1,453 learning centers (LCs). Among these LCs, 592 new LCs being constructed in 2018 need to monitor the quality of construction and have to monitor for repair works from 861 LCs built in 2016-2017. Axis Design Consultants Ltd. (ADC) is entrusted to provide Design Review services for the construction of learning centres in Cox Bazar, Bangladesh as part of the assignment “Monitoring, quality assurance and capacity development services for the construction of learning centres in Cox Bazar”. The intent of the design review is to provide an independent review of the primary structural system and to determine that the design drawings comply in general with the requirements of applicable codes and standards. The review is based on the drawings, specifications and other documents of the project received from UNICEF. 1.2. Project Description Several new Learning Center at Cox’s Bazar have been constructed using bamboo as structural element. Most of these Learning Centers are 25’-0” X 19’-0” including verandah. For internal columns a four bamboo or double bamboos or single bamboo assembly is used whereas the external columns, especially in verandah the columns are either a single bamboo or two bamboo assembly. Rafters that are used are also a two bamboo assembly. Single bamboo is used as purlin. For roofing tarpaulin and sun grass have been used and are pitched to drain rain water from roof. Design Review was conducted considering the following structural framing systems as found in the field.
Figure 1: Typical Learning Center
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Figure 2: Typical Learning Centers
Figure 3: Typical layout plan of learning centres
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Usually, these learning Centers are Mono pitched roof bamboo Structures and typical structural framing is as per Figure-04 below.
Figure 4: Typical structural framing of learning centres
Figure-05 below shows roof framing with rafters and purlins.
Figure 5: Roof framing with rafters and purlin
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There are primarily three types of structural framing systems used for these learning centres by the NGO partners which are as below. CASE-1: Structural frame to include Single bamboo columns with bracings.
Figure 6: Learning Centers- Single Bamboo columns with bracings
Figure 7: Learning Centers- Single Bamboo columns with bracings
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CASE-2: Structural frame to include double bamboo columns with bracings.
Figure 8: Learning Centers- Double Bamboo Columns with bracings
Figure 9: Learning Centers- Double Bamboo Columns with bracings
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CASE-3: Structural frame to include four bamboo columns with no bracings.
Figure 10: Learning Centers- Four Bamboo Columns with NO bracings
Figure 11: Learning Center- Four Bamboo Columns with NO bracings
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1.3. Scope of Design Review Services The scope of the review includes: Review that design criteria and design assumptions conform to applicable codes and Standards. Review the design drawings for serviceability and adequacy; 1.3.1. Available documents: Design review is limited to the design drawings received from UNICEF which are as follows. 1.3.1.1.
SCI: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.
1.3.1.2.
PROTOTYPE 01 – PLAN PROTOTYPE 01 – ROOF STRUCTURE – BOTTOM LAYER PROTOTYPE 01 – ROOF STRUCTURE – CENTRAL LAYER PROTOTYPE 01 – ROOF STRUCTURE – LONG PURLIN LAYER PROTOTYPE 01 – ROOF STRUCTURE – SHORT PURLIN LAYER PROTOTYPE 01 – TOP VIEW PROTOTYPE 01 – FRONT ELEVATION PROTOTYPE 01 – SIDE ELEVATION PROTOTYPE 01 – SECTION A-A PROTOTYPE 01 – SECTION A-A WITH DIMENSION PROTOTYPE 01 – SECTION B-B PROTOTYPE 01 – SECTION B-B WITH DIMENSION PROTOTYPE 01 – DETAIL DRAWING CPA DESIGN CPA REDESIGN. FOUNDATION TYPE 1. CXBES CPA REDESIGN.
BRAC:
BRAC LC – DRAWING OPTION 1 1. COVER PAGE 2. CPA -FRONT ELEVATION 3. CPA -REAR ELEVATION 4. CPA –SIDE ELEVATION 5. PLANS 6. PLANS 7. ROOF PLANS 8. LONG ELEVATION 9. SHORT ELEVATION 10. FOOTING DETAIL
BRAC LC – DRAWING OPTION 2 1. COLUMN PLAN
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BRAC LC – SAVE THE CHILDERN 1. ALL ARE SAME AS DRAWING OPTION 1 1.3.1.3.
COAST:
CPA DESIGN 180301 MA 1. COVER PAGE 2. CPA -FRONT ELEVATION 3. CPA -REAR ELEVATION 4. CPA –SIDE ELEVATION 5. PLANS 6. PLANS 7. ROOF PLANS 8. LONG ELEVATION 9. SHORT ELEVATION 10. FOOTING DETAIL 1.3.1.4.
CODEC:
LC DESIGN DOUBLE ROOF JAN’18 1. COVER PAGE 2. FOUNDATION LAYOUT 3. FLOOR PLAN 4. FRONT ELEVATION 5. BACK ELEVATION 6. SIDE ELEVATION 1 7. SIDE ELEVATION 2 8. SECTION A-A’ 9. FOUNDATION & FLOOR DETAIL 10. JOINTS DETAILS 11. JOINTS DETAILS
LC DESIGN SINGLE ROOF NOV’17 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
COVER PAGE FOUNDATION PIT LAYOUT FLOOR PLAN STRUCTURAL SECTION ELEVATION (SIDE) ELEVATION (BACK) FOUNDATION & FLOOR DETAIL
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1.3.1.5.
DAM:
DAM LC 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22.
COVER PAGE FOUNDATION LAYOUT FLOOR PLAN FRONT ELEVATION BACK ELEVATION SIDE ELEVATION 1 SIDE ELEVATION 2 SECTION A-A’ FOUNDATION & FLOOR DETAIL JOINTS DETAILS JOINTS DETAILS
1.4. Design Consideration: 1.4.1. Structural system: Constructed structures are a bamboo frame structure. Structural system of the project is considered to be Building Frame System as per BNBC Table 2.5.7. 1.4.2. Substructure: The substructure is of concrete structure having concrete post with wide steel plate hooked at base and attached with Borak bamboo post, perimeter wall is enveloped with the bamboo woven matting reinforced with bamboo split. At floor brick soling is provided over the compacted earth on which 2” concrete be casted. 1.4.3. Superstructure: Superstructure is of Light Frame structure with columns, roofs with rafter and purlin. Plinth Typical Floor Height
= 2’-6” from E.G.L. = 11’-3”
These two parameters also varies based on site conditions. 1.4.4. Design Codes: Bangladesh National Building Code - 2006 (BNBC-2006) 1.4.5. Materials:
i.
Concrete:
Concrete Strength f’c= No data Available
Structural Element Foundation
Remarks
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ii.
Bamboo (Borak):
Analysis Parameters Unit Weight Modulus of Elasticity
Numerical Values
Remarks
52.5 lb/ft3 1535760 psi
1.4.6. Superimposed Loads: Floor
Use
Load (psf) Ceiling
Ground Floor Roof
Class Room Pitched Roof
Partition
0 0
0 0
Floor
Soil/
Live
Finish
Water
Load
15 0
0 0
60 20
Roof 1.4.7. Lateral Loads:
i) Wind load: Based on Bangladesh National Building Code (BNBC) – 2006 Basic Wind Speed = 260 km/h Exposure C Structure Importance Category, CI
= 1.00
Velocity to Pressure Conversion Co-efficient, Cc
= 47 x 10-6
Combined Height and Exposure Co-efficient, Cz
= As per Table 6.2.10
ii) Seismic Load: Based on Bangladesh National Building Code (BNBC) – 2006 Seismic zone coefficient (as per BNBC Table 2.5.3),
Z = 0.15
Response modification coefficient (as per BNBC Table 2.5.7), R = 7 Total Seismic dead load,
W
= Total dead load including Superimposed dead load.
Site Classification (as per BNBC Table 6.2.25)
= 1.2
Importance Factor, I
= 1.00
Dynamic Analysis Methods
= Modal Analysis (Eigen-Vector)
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1.4.8. Load combinations: Load combinations are as below: Sl. No.
Load combinations
01
DL
02
DL + LL
03
DL ± WX
04
DL ± WY
05
DL + LL ± WX
06
DL + LL ± WY
07
DL + LL ± EQX
08
DL + LL ± EQY
09
DL ± WX
10
DL ± WY
11
DL ± EQX
12
DL ± EQY
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B. LIMITATIONS:
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2.0
Limitations: i.
ii. iii. iv. v.
Mathematical models with sufficiently precise to predict the structural behaviour, commensurate with the standard of workmanship (of the labour-force) likely to be achieved, and with the reliability of the information on which the design is based was not available. Though properties of Bamboo are not available but considered as per Bangladesh National Building Code No test report available Member sizes assumed based on field inspection reports. Adequacy of foundation could not be reviewed due to non-availability of soil test report and assumed allowable bearing capacity of soil.
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C.
OBSERVATIONS & FINDINGS
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3. Observations & Findings 3.1 CASE-1: Single bamboo columns with bracing
Foundation: Adequacy of foundation could not be checked due to non availability of soil test report. However from experience and visual inspection of soil it seems that foundation should be satisfactory.
Column: Gravity load carrying capacity of bamboo columns appears to be satisfactory.
Figure 12: Single bamboo columns with bracing
Roof and Bracing: The LCs are acceptably ok in “X” direction but the LCs are weak in “Y” direction due to wind load. Inter-Storey Drift due to Earthquake is found to be ok. The LCs are not good for 2nd mode and 3rd mode based on modal analysis due to seismic load.
Figure 13: Single bamboo columns with bracing and Roof DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
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3.2 CASE-2: Double bamboo columns with bracing
Foundation: Adequacy of foundation could not be checked due to non availability of soil test report. However from experience and visual inspection of soil it seems that foundation should be satisfactory.
Column: Gravity load carrying capacity of bamboo columns appears to be satisfactory.
Figure 14: Double bamboo columns with bracing
Roof and Bracing: The LCs are acceptably ok in “X” direction but the LCs are weak in “Y” direction due to wind load. Inter-Storey Drift due to Earthquake is found to be ok. The LCs are not good for 2nd mode and 3rd mode based on modal analysis due to seismic load.
Figure 15: Double bamboo columns with bracing and Roof DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
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3.3 CASE-3: Four bamboo columns with no bracing
Foundation: Adequacy of foundation could not be checked due to non availability of soil test report. However from experience and visual inspection of soil it seems that foundation should be satisfactory.
Column: Gravity load carrying capacity of bamboo columns appears to be satisfactory.
Figure 16: Four bamboo columns without bracing
Roof and Bracing: The LCs are weak in both “X” direction and “Y” direction due to wind load. InterStorey Drift due to Earthquake is found not to be ok in “X” direction and requires bracings. The LCs are good for 1st mode, 2nd mode and 3rd mode based on modal analysis due to seismic load.
Figure 17: Four bamboo columns without bracing
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D.
RECOMMENDATIONS
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4. Recommendations 4.1 CASE-1: Single bamboo columns with bracing Though the LCs are acceptably ok in “X” direction but the LCs are weak in “Y” direction due to wind load and requires further adequate bracings in “Y” direction. The LCs are not good for 2nd mode and 3rd mode based on modal analysis due to seismic load but 2nd mode and 3rd mode can be ignored considering characteristics of the LCs. Wind ties may be incorporated for improvement of performances of LCs. 4.2 CASE-2: Double bamboo columns with bracing Though the LCs are acceptably ok in “X” direction but the LCs are weak in “Y” direction due to wind load and requires further adequate bracings in “Y” direction. The LCs are not good for 2nd mode and 3rd mode based on modal analysis due to seismic load but 2nd mode and 3rd mode can be ignored considering characteristics of the LCs. Wind ties may be incorporated for improvement of performances of LCs. 4.3 CASE-3: Four bamboo columns with no bracing The LCs are weak in both “X” direction and “Y” direction due to wind load and requires adequate bracings in “X” direction and “Y” direction. Inter-Storey Drift due to Earthquake is found not to be ok in “X” direction and requires bracings. Wind ties may be incorporated for improvement of performances of LCs. RECOMMENDED BRACING SYSTEMS AT ALL SIDES OF LEARNING CENTRES:
Figure 18: Recommended Bracing
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Figure 19: Recommended Bracing Details at bottom of bamboo column
Figure 20: Recommended Bracing Details at top of bamboo column DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
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Figure 21: Recommended single diagonal bracing at gable side
RECOMMENDED WIND TIES:
Figure 22: Sample of Wind ties DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
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E.
CONCLUSION
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5. Conclusion Bamboo has been recognized for many years as a potentially sustainable alternative to conventional building materials. It is found that bamboo has been used as prime construction material for an emergency response project like learning centers. Learning centres must be safe and should withstand following loads as per code requirement. Gravity Load Wind Load Seismic Load Though mature bamboo columns with an average minimum diameter of 4” are found to carry gravity load satisfactorily but may not be capable to withstand lateral loads like wind and earthquake even with a combination of 4 bamboos as a column. Figure 23 explains the scenario of braced (with proper adequate bracing) and unbraced (without proper adequate bracing) bamboo columns.
Figure 23: Braced and Unbraced Bamboo frame Large sway say more than about 0.66 inch, considering average height of learning centres = 11 feet, may subject the structure unserviceable and even risk of collapse. As such it can be seen from above that learning centres with unbraced (without proper adequate bracing) bamboo columns may not be safe from lateral load consideration. As such adequate proper bracings have to be ensured in the learning centres for lateral stability. Wind ties may also be introduced to hold back the Learning centres in case of high wind. It can be concluded from the design review that the learning centres require improvement for adequacy of structural performance in particular from lateral stability consideration.
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F. ANNEXURE: ANALYSIS REPORT
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6.0
Analysis Report for CASE-1: Single bamboo columns with bracing: 6.1
Analysis of the Structure with Finite Element Method (FEM) 6.1.1
Description:
In Learning Center at Cox’s Bazar for internal columns one bamboo assembly is used along with wall bracing of single bamboo as well as the external columns, especially in verandah the columns are either a single bamboo. The constructed building is modeled and analyzed considering structural design consideration stated in Part A above. ETABS v9.7.4 was adopted for analyzing the response of the structure due to lateral loads- Wind and Earthquake.
Figure 24: Snap Shot of ETABS Model.
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Figure 25: Snap Shot of ETABS Model.
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Following sections represents the result of the assessment from FEM Analysis
6.1.2 Serviceability Assessment: 6.1.2.1
Wind Force Calculation in Y-Direction:
Following Figure-26 shows detail calculation as per BNBC -2006:
Figure 26: Snap Shot of Wind along Y Direction.
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6.1.2.2
Seismic Force Calculation in X-Direction:
Following Figure-27 shows detail calculation as per BNBC -2006.
Figure 27: Snap Shot of Seismic Force Calculation along X Direction
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6.1.2.3
Seismic Force Calculation in Y-Direction:
Following Figure-28 shows detail calculation as per BNBC -2006.
Figure 28: Snap Shot of Seismic Force Calculation along Y Direction
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6.1.2.4
Global Drift due to Wind:
Deflection
Deflection
Allowable
Actual
Wind in X-Direction
≤ L/200
L/150
Ok.
Wind in Y-Direction
≤ L/200
L/22.5
Not Ok.
Load direction
Remarks
See figure-29 & 30 for references.
Figure 29: Snap Shot of Global Drift due to Wind load in X-direction. DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
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Figure 30: Snap Shot of Global Drift due to Wind load in Y-direction
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6.1.2.5
Inter-Storey Drift due to Earthquake:
Load direction
Drift Index
Drift Index
Remarks
Allowable
Actual
Earthquake in X-Direction
≤ 0.0043
0.00125
Ok.
Earthquake in Y-Direction
≤ 0.0043
0.00004
Ok.
See figure-31 & 32 for references.
Figure 31: Snap Shot of Inter-Story Drift due to Earthquake load in X-direction.
Design Report (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
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Figure 32: Snap Shot of Inter-Story Drift due to Earthquake load in Y-direction.
Design Report (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 39 of 62
6.1.3 Modal Analysis: Load direction
Rz (%) Allowable
Rz (%) Actual
Remarks
1st MODE
≤5
0.0
Ok
2nd MODE
≤ 10
17.78
Not Ok
3rd MODE
≥25
0.362
Not Ok
See figure-33, 34, 35 & 36 for references.
Figure 33: Snap Shot of Values from Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector).
Figure 34: Snap Shot of 1st Mode Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector). (Arrow indicates Translational Motion in the Shown Direction)
Design Report (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 40 of 62
Figure 35: Snap Shot of 2nd Mode Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector). (Arrow indicates Twisting Motion in the Shown Direction)
Figure 36: Snap Shot of 3rd Mode Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector). (Arrow indicates Twisting in the Shown Direction)
Design Report (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 41 of 62
7.0
Analysis Report CASE-2: Double bamboo columns with bracing: 7.1
Analysis of the Structure with Finite Element Method (FEM)
7.1.1 Description: In Learning Center at Cox’s Bazar for internal columns a two bamboo assembly is used along with wall bracing of single bamboo whereas the external columns, especially in verandah the columns are a single bamboo assembly. The constructed building is modeled and analyzed considering structural design consideration stated in Part A above. ETABS v9.7.4 was adopted for analyzing the response of the structure due to lateral loads- Wind and Earthquake.
Figure 37: Snap Shot of ETABS Model.
Design Report (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 42 of 62
Figure 38: Snap Shot of ETABS Model.
Design Report (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 43 of 62
Following sections represents the result of the assessment from FEM Analysis:
7.1.2 Serviceability Assessment: 7.1.2.1
Wind Force Calculation in Y-Direction:
Following Figure-39 shows detail calculation as per BNBC -2006:
Figure 39: Snap Shot of Wind along Y Direction
Design Report (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 44 of 62
7.1.2.2
Seismic Force Calculation in X-Direction:
Following Figure-40 shows detail calculation as per BNBC -2006.
Figure 40: Snap Shot of Seismic Force Calculation along X Direction
Design Report (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 45 of 62
7.1.2.3
Seismic Force Calculation in Y-Direction:
Following Figure-41 shows detail calculation as per BNBC -2006.
Figure 41: Snap Shot of Seismic Force Calculation along Y Direction
Design Report (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 46 of 62
7.1.2.4
Global Drift due to Wind:
Deflection
Deflection
Allowable
Actual
Wind in X-Direction
≤ L/200
L/170
Ok.
Wind in Y-Direction
≤ L/200
L/25
Not Ok.
Load direction
Remarks
See figure-42 & 43 for references.
Figure 42: Snap Shot of Global Drift due to Wind load in X-direction.
Design Report (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 47 of 62
Figure 43: Snap Shot of Global Drift due to Wind load in Y-direction 7.1.2.5
Inter-Storey Drift due to Earthquake:
Load direction
Drift Index
Drift Index
Remarks
Allowable
Actual
Earthquake in X-Direction
≤ 0.0043
0.00114
Ok.
Earthquake in Y-Direction
≤ 0.0043
0.00003
Ok.
See figure-44 & 45 for references.
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 48 of 62
Figure 44: Snap Shot of Inter-Story Drift due to Earthquake load in X-direction.
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 49 of 62
Figure 45: Snap Shot of Inter-Story Drift due to Earthquake load in Y-direction.
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 50 of 62
7.1.3 Modal Analysis: Load direction
Rz (%) Allowable
Rz (%) Actual
Remarks
1st MODE
≤5
0.0
Ok
2nd MODE
≤ 10
14.04
Not Ok
3rd MODE
≥25
3.62
Not Ok
See figure- 46, 47 , 48 & 49 for references.
Figure 46: Snap Shot of Values from Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector).
Figure 47: Figure-32: Snap Shot of 1st Mode Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector). (Arrow indicates Translational Motion in the Shown Direction)
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 51 of 62
Figure 48: Snap Shot of 2nd Mode Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector). (Arrow indicates Twisting Motion in the Shown Direction)
Figure 49: Snap Shot of 3rd Mode Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector). (Arrow indicates Twisting Motion in the Shown Direction
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 52 of 62
8. Analysis Report For CASE-3: Four bamboo columns with no bracing: 8.1 Analysis of the Structure with Finite Element Method (FEM) 8.1.1
Description
In Learning Center at Cox’s Bazar for internal columns a four bamboo assembly is used whereas the external columns, especially in verandah the columns are either a single bamboo or two bamboo assembly. The constructed building is modeled and analyzed considering structural design consideration stated in Part A above. ETABS v9.7.4 was adopted for analyzing the response of the structure due to lateral loads- Wind and Earthquake.
Figure 50: Snap Shot of ETABS Model.
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 53 of 62
Figure 51: Snap Shot of ETABS Model.
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 54 of 62
Following sections represents the result of the assessment from FEM Analysis:
8.1.2 Serviceability Assessment: 8.1.2.1 Wind Force Calculation in Y-Direction: Following Figure-52 shows detail calculation as per BNBC -2006:
Figure 52: Snap Shot of Wind along Y Direction
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 55 of 62
8.1.2.2 Seismic Force Calculation in X-Direction: Following Figure-53 shows detail calculation as per BNBC -2006.
Figure 53: Snap Shot of Seismic Force Calculation along X Direction
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 56 of 62
8.1.2.3 Seismic Force Calculation in Y-Direction: Following Figure-54 shows detail calculation as per BNBC -2006.
Figure 54: Snap Shot of Seismic Force Calculation along Y Direction
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 57 of 62
8.1.2.4 Global Drift due to Wind:
Deflection
Deflection
Allowable
Actual
Wind in X-Direction
≤ L/200
L/4
Not Ok.
Wind in Y-Direction
≤ L/200
L/24
Not Ok.
Load direction
Remarks
See figure-55 & 56 for references.
Figure 55: Snap Shot of Global Drift due to Wind load in X-direction.
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 58 of 62
Figure 56: Snap Shot of Global Drift due to Wind load in Y-direction 8.1.2.5 Inter-Storey Drift due to Earthquake:
Load direction
Drift Index
Drift Index
Remarks
Allowable
Actual
Earthquake in X-Direction
≤ 0.0043
0.0158
Not Ok.
Earthquake in Y-Direction
≤ 0.0043
0.0021
Ok.
See figure-57 & 58 for references.
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 59 of 62
Figure 57: Snap Shot of Inter-Story Drift due to Earthquake load in X-direction.
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 60 of 62
Figure 58: Snap Shot of Inter-Story Drift due to Earthquake load in Y-direction.
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 61 of 62
8.1.3 Modal Analysis: Load direction
Rz (%) Allowable
Rz (%) Actual
Remarks
1st MODE
≤5
1.80
Ok
2nd MODE
≤ 10
.003
Ok
3rd MODE
≥25
59.71
Ok
See figure-59, 60 , 61 & 62 for references.
Figure 59: Snap Shot of Values from Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector).
Figure 60: Snap Shot of 1st Mode Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector). (Arrow indicates Translational Motion in the Shown Direction)
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 62 of 62
Figure 61: Snap Shot of 2nd Mode Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector). (Arrow indicates Translational Motion in the Shown Direction)
Figure 62: Snap Shot of 3rd Mode Dynamic Analysis (Eigen-Vector). (Arrow indicates Rotational in the Shown Direction)
DESIGN REPORT (R1): MONITORING, QUALITY ASSURANCE AND CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT SERVICES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF LEARNING CENTRES IN COX BAZAR, BANGLADESH.
Page 63 of 62
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