Drug Study

Generic Name

Indication

Mechanism of Action Contraindication

Nursing Consideration

Cefuroxime

Prevent infection that will occur because of difficulty to urinate

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis, thus promoting osmotic instability which eventually leads to bacterial cell death

>obtain specimen for culture & sensitivity test before giving first dose.

Brand Name: Zinacef

Contraindicated in patient hypersensitivity to drug or other cephlosporins.

>Assess patient for allergic reaction and anaphylaxis.

Classification: Cephalosporin Dosage: 750mg IV every 8hrs Adverse Effect: Nausea & vomiting, headache, dizziness, loose stools, itching

>check for signs & symptoms of a superinfections, especially if client takes high doses of cephalosporin for prolonged period. >monitor vital signs, urine output, laboratory results, report abnormal findings

Generic Name

Indication

Mechanism of Action Contraindication

Nursing Consideration

Metoclopromide

GI motility disturbances

Brand Name:

Nausea & vomiting of central & peripheral origin associated with infectious diseases & drug induced.

Dopamine Antagonist that acts by increasing sensitivity to acetylcholine; results in increased motility of the upper GI tract and relaxation of the pyloric sphincter & duodenal bulb.

>Inject slowly IV every 1-2 minute to prevent transient feelings of anxiety & restlessness

Placil Classification:

GI hemorrhage epilepsy, obstruction or perforation

>N&V, anorexia, constipation abdominal distention before 7 after administration.

Anti emetic Dosage: Adverse Effect: 1 amp IV every 8 hours

Restlessness, drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness, nausea, headache.

>Report lack of response , persistent side effect so that they can be properly evaluated. >Frequent monitor BP of pt’s taking IV form of drug >Assess pt’s GI complaints

Generic Name

Indication

Mechanism of Action Contraindication

Nursing Consideration

Ambroxol HCL

Acute & chronic disorders of respiratory tract associated with bronchial secretions

May increase the output of fluid from the respiratory tract by reducing the viscosity & surface tension of respiratory secretions, thereby removing accumulated secretions from upper & lower airway.

>Assess cough, type frequency character including sputum

Brand Name: Mucosolvan Classification: Expextorants

Hypersensitivity Gastric Ulceration

>Provide adequate hydration to 2 L/day to decrease viscosity of secretions. >Monitor for possible adverse reaction

Dosage: 750 mg/cap once a day

Adverse Effect: Headache, tachycardia, fatigue, N&V GI discomfort.

>Suggest sugarless lozenges to decrease throat irritation & cough hard candy can be used to prevent dry mouth

Generic Name

Indication

Mechanism of Action Contraindication

Nursing Consideration

Domperidone

Dyspeptic Symptom complex associated with delayed gastric emptying.

Selectively blocks peripheral dopamine receptors in the GI wall and in the chemoreceptor trigger zone thus enhancing normal synchronized GI peristalsis & motility in the proximal region of GIT counteract anticholinergic induced relaxation of lower esophageal sphincter.

>Assess for GI complaints, before & after administration

Brand Name: Andlogan Classification: Anti flatulents Dosage: 10 mg 1 tab TID

Symptomatic relief of N&V

GI hemorrhage mechanical obstruction of perforation. Pt with epilepsy

>Assess for change in bowel habits >Inform the pt to take the medication before meals. If taken after meals absorption is somewhat delayed.

Adverse Effect: Intestinal cramps, drowsiness, lashes & other allergic reaction.

>Instruct the pt to inform physician if transient intestinal cramps occur.

Generic Name

Indication

Mechanism of Action Contraindication

Hyoscine-N-butyl bromide

Various painful condition GI spam irritable colon, biliary colic, urinary colic

Inhibits acetylcholine at receptor sites in autonomic nervous system, which controls secretions, free acids in stomach.

Brand Name: Buscopan

Nursing Consideration

Glaucoma megacolon, >Give by direct IV hypersensitivity, after diluting with paralytic ileus, sterilize water tachycardia >Monitor I&O ratio, retention commonly causes decreased urinary output

Classification: >Assess for constipation

Anti spasmodic Dosage: Adverse Effect: 1 amp every 8 hours Dry mouth, dizziness, fatigue, rash anorexia, headache

>Assess for tolerance over long term therapy