Incident Recall Technique

Unit 2:Techniques

INCIDENT RECALL TECHNIQUE (IRT) WHAT? • Based on collecting information on hazards, near-misses, unsafe conditions and unsafe actions • Interviewing personnel regarding involvement in accident or near-misses consists of, errors, mistakes, difficulties and conditions which may cause accident. • Same result as an accident investigation.

WHY? • It can be used to investigate man-machine relationship and to improve equipment and operations. • Determine whether corrective action is necessary or advantageous. • Case studies for reading and thinking. Then their memory should be recalled to know their understanding and further suggestions if any.

JSA Job Safety Analysis A job safety analysis (JSA), also called a job hazard analysis or job task analysis, • systematic analysis of a specific job in a specific location to identify the hazards and determine the controls. • Ensure work is properly planned and that workers can do it safely. • As a written document, it can serve as evidence of due diligence.

• A job safety analysis (JSA) is a procedure which helps integrate accepted safety and health principles and practices into a particular task or job operation

Job Safety Analysis

Job Safety Analysis Priorities • • • •

New Jobs Potential of Severe Injuries History of Disabling Injuries Frequency of Accidents

Observation of the Actual Work • Select experienced worker(s) to participate in the JSA process • Explain purpose of JSA • Observe the employee perform the job and write down basic steps • Completely describe each step • Note any deviations (Very Important!)

Identify Hazards & Potential Accidents • Search for Hazards – Produced by Work – Produced by Environment

• Repeat job observation as many times as necessary to identify all hazards and record

Job Safety Analysis of for Flat Tyre • Steps – Park & set brake – Remove Spare & Jack – Loosen lugs

Job Safety Analysis • Steps – Park & set brake

• Hazards – Hit by traffic

– Remove Spare & Jack

– Back Strain – Loosen lugs

– Foot/Toe impact

– Shoulder strain

Job Safety Analysis • Steps – Park & set brake – Remove Spare & Jack

• Hazards – Hit by traffic – Back Strain

– Foot/Toe impact – Loosen lugs

– Shoulder strain

• Prevention – Far off road as possible – Pull items close before lift – Lift in increments – Lift and lower using leg power – Wide leg stance – Use full body, not arm/shoulder

Develop Solutions • Find a new way to do job • Change physical conditions that create hazards • Change the work procedure • Reduce frequency

• Fix-A-Flat • No off-road driving • Buy self-sealing tires • Maintenance / Change-out program

Safety Audit • Safety audit is a tool used by management to promote and ensure the safe work procedures to be followed at industry. • It identifies various hazards and risks present at the site. • Safety audit is finding out whether the safety system is on right track. • It ensures that existing loss prevention systems, safe work procedures and other work practices are in place and being followed.

Type of Safety Audit • Internal Safety Audit: It is carried out in house and done by internal management. • External Safety Audit: It is carried out through an external source.

Responsibilities of Safety Officer Duty has been defined under state factory rules by Factories Act, 1948: • To advise on maintenance of records which are related to accidents, dangerous occurrences and occupational diseases • To advice on measures to be adopted for removing the unsafe actions by workers • To provide advice on matters related to carrying out plant safety inspection • To carry out health & safety surveys is the duty of safety committee.

• Internal Safety Audits are conducted by either the safety committee members or safety representatives or safety officer and procedure followed generally going through the records, matching standards with targets and physical observations at workplace. • External Safety Audits are conducted by external person for auditing from certified agencies and procedure is almost same.

Why Audit important • It ensures that management system is functioning in a manner that protects employees, customers, communities, the environment, assets against risks • It is control mechanism. • Other benefits of Audit such as: 1. Identification of opportunities forimprovement 2. Increased safety awareness 3. Greater confidence regarding compliance with regulatory requirements

Organisational & Administration • Safety policy, operating instructions,emergency and disaster control plan. • Industrial hazard control like housekeeping, storage of materials etc. • Machine guarding, material handling , Use of PPE Fire Prevention and Control Equipment provided, maintenance, testing etc. Industrial Hygiene • Ventilation, skin contamination control, air/water pollution, noise control etc. Reporting and Investigation of Accident • Type of accidents, procedures of investigation etc.

Safety Inspection • A safety inspection looks for safety hazards and unsafe practices throughout a facility. The inspection should: • Determine whether safeguards are in place • Examine whether the equipment presents any hazards • Gather air, water, and other samples to test for hazardous substances • Observe work practices to identify unsafe actions

Difference Between Safety Audit and Safety Inspection • Scope: An audit reviews safety programs and strategies, while an inspection examines current tactics and routine employee actions. • Responsible parties: Safety inspections are usually performed by those familiar with the workplace, while independent employees (whether from outside the company or in another department) should conduct a safety audit.