Iso 9013-2017.pdf

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD

ISO 901 3

Third edition 2017-02

Thermal cutting — Classification o f thermal cuts — Geometrical product specification and quality tolerances Coupage thermique — Classification des coupes thermiques — Spécification géométrique des produits et tolérances relatives à la qualité

Reference number ISO 9013:2017(E) © ISO 2017

ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

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© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part o f this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country o f

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ISO copyright o ffice

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© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

Contents

Page

Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ iv 1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3.1 3 .2

General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 ................................................................................................................... 2 3.2.1 Terms related to the cutting process .............................................................................................................. 2 3.2.2 Terms on the cut work piece ................................................................................................................................. 3 ................................................................................................................................................................................. 4 Terms and definitio ns exp lained by figures

3 .2 .3

4 5 6

7

8

Symbols .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Form and location tolerances .................................................................................................................................................................. 9 Determination o f the quality o f cut surfaces ........................................................................................................................... 9

6.1 6.2

General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 Measuring................................................................................................................................................................................................. 10 6.2.1 Measuring conditions ............................................................................................................................................... 10 6.2.2 Measuring point ............................................................................................................................................................ 10 6.2.3 Procedure ............................................................................................................................................................................ 11

Quality o f the cut surface .......................................................................................................................................................................... 1 2

7.1 7.2

Characteristic values ....................................................................................................................................................................... 12 Measuring ranges .............................................................................................................................................................................. 12 7.2.1 General................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 u .......................................................................................... 1 2 f Rz5 ......................................................................................................................... 13 7.2 .2

Perp endicularity o r angularity to lerance,

7.2 .3

M ean height o

the p ro file,

Dimensional tolerances ............................................................................................................................................................................. 1 5

8.1 8.2 8.3

9 10

Cut typ es

General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 15 ............................................................................................. 18 ..................................................................................................... 18 8.3.1 General................................................................................................................................................................................... 18 8.3.2 Machining allowance ................................................................................................................................................. 19 D imens io nal to lerances o n p arts witho ut finis hing D imens io nal to lerances o n p arts with finis hing

Designation ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 9 Information in technical documentation ................................................................................................................................. 2 0

10.1 Indications of size .............................................................................................................................................................................. 20 f f f f ............................................................................. 20 10.2.1 On technical drawings .............................................................................................................................................. 20 10.2.2 Title block of technical documentation ..................................................................................................... 20 (informative) Achievable cut qualities for different cutting processes ................................................. (informative) Thermal cutting — Process principles .............................................................................................. 1 0.2

I ndicatio n o

quality o

cut s ur ace and o

to lerance clas s

Annex A

21

Annex B

26

Bibliography ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2 8

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

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ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work o f preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters o f electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the di fferent types o f ISO documents should be noted. This document was dra fted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso .org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some o f the elements o f this document may be the subject o f patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identi fying any or all such patent rights. Details o f any patent rights identified during the development o f the document will be in the Introduction and/or

on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso .org/patents).

Any trade name used in this document is in formation given for the convenience o f users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation on the meaning o f ISO specific terms and expressions related to con formity assessment,

as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html. The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 44, Welding and allied processes, Subcommittee SC 8, Equipment for gas welding, cutting and allied processes. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 9013:2002), which has been technically

revised.

Requests for o fficial interpretations o f any aspect o f this document should be directed to the Secretariat o f ISO/TC 44/SC 8 via your national standards body. A complete listing o f these bodies can be found at

www.iso .org.

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© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD

ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

Thermal cutting — Classification o f thermal cuts — Geometrical product specification and quality tolerances 1 Scope T h i s do c u ment pre s ents ge ome tric a l pro duc t s p e c i fic ation s and qua l ity tolera nce s o f therma l c uts i n materia l s s u itable app l ic able to flame c uts

from 0,5 mm to 32 mm.

from

for

for

the cl as s i fic ation

ox y fuel fl ame c utti ng , plas ma c utti ng a nd l as er c utti ng. I t i s

3 m m to 3 0 0 m m, pl as ma c uts

from

0 , 5 m m to 1 5 0 m m a nd las er c uts

T he ge ome tric a l pro duc t s p e ci fic ation s are appl ic able i f re ference to th i s do c u ment i s made i n d rawi ngs or

p er ti nent do c u ments ,

e . g.

del iver y

cond ition s .

I f th i s

do c u ment

were

also

to

apply,

by

way

of

excep tion, to p ar ts pro duce d b y o ther c utti ng pro ce s s e s , th i s wou ld have to b e agre e d up on s ep arately.

Flatness defects are not addressed as such in this document. The references are to the current standards for the materials used. 2 Normative references T he

fol lowi ng

do c u ments are re ferre d to i n the tex t i n s uch a way th at s ome or a l l o f thei r content

con s titute s re qu i rements o f th i s do c u ment. For date d re ference s , on ly the e d ition cite d app l ie s . For u ndate d re ference s , the late s t e d ition o f the re ference d do c ument (i nclud i ng a ny amend ments) appl ie s .

ISO 1302:2002, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Indication of surface texture in technical product documentation ISO 3274,

Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Surface texture: Profile method — Nominal characteristics of contact (stylus) instruments

ISO 4288, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Surface texture: Profile method — Rules and procedures for the assessment of surface texture ISO 8015, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Fundamentals — Concepts, principles and rules 3 Terms and definitions For the pu r p o s e s o f th i s do c u ment, the

fol lowi ng

term s and defi n ition s apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: — IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia .org/ — ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso .org/obp 3 .1

General

3 .1 .1 cutting

operation of cutting the work piece 3 .1 . 2 cut

result of the cutting operation © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

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ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

3.2 Terms and definitions explained by figures

NOTE Figure 1 indicates the terms related to the cutting process of the work piece after the cutting process has started, Figure 2 f Figure 3 shows a straight cut and Figure 4, a contour cut. i nd ic ate s the ter m s

3.2.1

Key

1 2 3 4 5 6

or the fi n i s he d wo rk p ie ce ,

Terms related to the cutting process

torch/cutting head nozzle b eam/flame/arc

kerf start of cut end of cut

a b c d

e f

g h

work piece thickness nozzle distance advance direction top kerf width cut thickness length of cut bottom kerf width cutting direction

Figure 1 — Terms related to the cutting process o f the work piece

2

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

3.2.2

Terms on the cut work piece

Key

1 upper edge of cut 2 cut surface 3 lower edge of cut a work piece thickness i cut thickness j depth of root face f length of cut α torch set angle β cut angle Figure 2 — Terms on the finished work piece

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

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ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

3.2.3

Cut types

Key

1 vertical cut 2 bevel cut 3 bevel cut (double) Figure 3 — Straight cut

Key

1 vertical cut 2 bevel cut Figure 4 — Contour cut

4

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ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

3.3

cutting speed

length of cut completed per unit time 3 .4

ker f width

width of the cut produced during a cutting process at the upper edge of cut or with existing melting of top e dge i m me d i ately b elow, a s c au s e d b y the c utti ng j e t

3.5

drag n

proj e c te d d i s tance b e twe en the two e dge s o f a d rag l i ne i n the d i re c tion o f c utti ng

N o te 1 to entr y: S e e

Key a c

k m n

o

Figure 5.

work piece thickness (reference line) advance direction drag line pitch of drag line drag groove depth Figure 5 — Drag line

3 .6

perpendicularity or angularity tolerance u

d i s tance

b e twe en

two

p a ra l lel

s traight l i ne s

(tangents)

b e twe en

wh ich

inscribed and within the set angle (e.g. 90° in the case of vertical cuts)

the

c ut

s u r face

pro fi le

is

N o te 1 to entr y: T he p er p end ic u l a r ity or a n gu l a r ity to lera nce i nclude s no t o n l y the p er p end ic u l a r ity b ut a l s o the fl atne s s de vi atio n s .

Figure 6 illustrates the areas in the cut surface to take into consideration to measure the u , depending on the cutting process used.

p er p end ic u l a r ity o r i ncl i n atio n tolera nce ,

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

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ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

a) Vertical cut

b) Bevel cut Key

1

dis tance to calculate the area to determine the p erp endicularity o r angularity to lerance

work piece thickness thickness reduction cut thickness

a Δ

a

i u

p erp endicularity o r angularity to lerance

cut angle

β

NO TE

T he a re a to de ter m i ne the p er p end ic u l a r ity o r a n gu l a r ity to lera nce i s de ter m i ne d b y mu ltip l yi ng the

distance 1 with the length of cut (see Figure 2).

Figure 6 — Perpendicularity or angularity tolerances 3 .7

profile element height Zt

s u m o f the height o f the p e a k and dep th o f the va l ley o f a pro fi le element

[SOURCE: ISO 4287:2009, 3.2.12] 3.8

mean height o f the profile

5

Rz

arith me tic me a n o f the s i ngle pro fi le elements o f five b orderi ng s i ngle me as u re d d i s tance s

N o te 1 to entr y: S e e

Figure 7.

N o te 2 to entr y: T he i nde x 5 i n

Rz

5 was added to distinguish the arithmetic mean and the maximum height of

pro fi le o f the fi ve s i ngle pro fi le elements .

6

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

Key

1 to Zt5

Zt ln lr

s ingle p ro file elements

evaluation length single sampling length (1/5 of ) ln

Figure 7 — Mean height o f the profile 3 .9

melting o f top edge r

measure characterizing the form of the upper edge of cut N o te 1 to entr y: T he l atter m ay b e a s h a r p e dge , a molten e dge o r c ut e dge overh a n g.

N o te 2 to entr y: S e e

Figure 8.

a) Sharp edge

b) Molten edge

c) Cut edge overhang

Figure 8 — Melting

3 .10

burr dross

metal residue sticking to the lower part of the cut N o te 1 to entr y: D u r i ng the ther m a l c utti ng pro ce s s , c re atio n o f m i no r fl a s h th at s ticks to the c ut work p ie ce a s s o c i ate d with oxide s o r molten s te el p roj e c tion s th at d rip a nd s ol id i fy o n the lower e dge o f the work pie ce (s e e

Figure 9).

Figure 9 — Burr/dross

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

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ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

3 .11

gouging s cou ri ngs or ker ve s o f i rre gu l ar width, dep th and s hap e, pre ferably i n the c utti ng d i re c tion, wh ich

interrupt an otherwise uniform cut surface N o te 1 to entr y: S e e

Key h c

Figure 10.

cutting direction advance direction Figure 10 — Gouging

3 .1 2

start o f cut

point of the work piece at which the cut begins 4 Symbols Symbol a Δ

a

A α

b B β

Bz c d

e f

g Go

Gu h i j k ln

lr m n

o r

8

Term

work piece thickness thickness reduction a s s emb l y d i men s ion

torch set angle nozzle distance programmed dimension of the cut part cut angle machining allowance advance direction top kerf width cut thickness length of cut bottom kerf width upper limit deviation lower limit deviation cutting direction cut thickness depth of root face drag line evaluation length single sampling length pitch of drag line drag groove depth melting of top edge © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

Symbol Rz

5

tG tP

tW u

Zt

Term

mean height o f the profile

straightness tolerance parallelism tolerance

perpendicularity tolerance perpendicularity or angularity tolerance profile element height

5 Form and location tolerances

Figure 11 shows the maximum deviations within the tolerance zone.

Key tW

perpendicularity tolerance (see ISO 1101) for cut width re ferred to A

parallelism tolerance (see ISO 1101) for cut width referred to A on sheet level tG1 straightness tolerance (see ISO 1101) for cut length tG2 straightness tolerance (see ISO 1101) for cut width tP

Figure 11 — Form and location tolerances shown by the example o f a sheet plate

6 Determination o f the quality o f cut surfaces 6.1

General

See Tables 1 and 2. © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

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ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

Table 1 — Precision measuring instruments Symbol

0,02 mm

u

Rz

Error limits

5

0,002 mm 0,05 mm

n

r

Straightness

0,05 mm 0,2 mm

Precision measuring instruments Examples

Guide device in the direction of the cut thickness and of the nominal angle with dial gauge

Contact stylus point angle ≤90° Contact stylus point radius ≤0,1 mm Precision measuring instrument, e.g. electric contact stylus instrument for con-

tinuous scanning in advance direction

Measuring microscope with crosswires (crosshair) and cross-slide o f su fficient adjustability Special device for scanning the profile o f the cut upper edge by a dial gauge

Piano wire with max. 0,5 mm diameter, feeler gauge Table 2 — Coarse measuring instruments

Symbol

0,1 mm

u Rz

Error limits

5

— 0,2 mm

n

r

Straightness

0,1 mm 0,2 mm

Coarse measuring instruments Examples

Tri-square (workshop square with a degree of precision 1 or 2), for bevel cuts, bevel gauge or set square set to the nominal angle of bevel of cut or set angle, for this purpose depth gauge with sensing point, measuring wire, feeler gauge — Tri-square (workshop square) for bevel cuts, sliding square or set square, for this purpose calliper gauge with nonius or graduated ruler with nonius. Bevel gauge with conversion table from the drag angle to the drag length Convex gauge (radius gauge) Piano wire with max. 0,5 mm diameter, feeler gauge

The measurement conditions, measurement points and methods for determining and evaluating the characteristics of cut surfaces shall conform to 6.2. 6.2

Measuring

6.2.1

Measuring conditions

Measurements shall be carried out on brushed, free-from-oxides cuts outside areas including imperfections. As re ference element, the upper and lower sides o f the thermally cut work piece are taken. They shall be

even and clean.

Straightness is defined as the minimum distance between the measurement line and the actual sur face

(see ISO 1101). 6.2.2 6.2 .2 .1

Measuring point General

The number and location of the measuring points depend on the shape and size of the work piece and sometimes also on the intended use. The cut sur faces are classified in the tolerance fields according to the maximum measured values.

Therefore, the measuring points shall be located where the maximum measured values are to be expected. When choosing the measuring points, due consideration shall be given to the fact that the 10

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

ma xi mu m va lue s o f the me an height o f the pro fi le and o f the p er p end ic u larity or angu la rity tolera nce may b e

fou nd at d i fferent p oi nts

o f the c ut. I f me as u re d va lue s a re lo c ate d at the lower l i m it o f a tolera nce

field , add itiona l me a s urements s hou ld b e c a rrie d out due to the u ncer tai nty o f the vi s ua l s ele c tion o f

the point with the expected maximum measured value. If measured values are located at the upper f f measurements shall be carried out on the same number of additional measuring points. l i m it o

6.2.2.2

the tolera nce field or i

there are any doub ts re gard i ng s ome me a s uri ng re s u lts , s upplementar y

Number o f the measuring points

T he nu mb er a nd lo c ation o f the me a s u ri ng p oi nts s ha l l b e defi ne d b y the ma nu fac tu rer. I f no re qui rement i s s p e ci fie d, c a rr y out:

u Rz

5

6.2.2.3

two times three measurements at a distance of 20 mm each on each meter of the cut; one time one measurement on each meter of the cut. Location o f the measuring points

T he charac teri s tic va lue o f p erp end ic u l arity or a ngu la rity tolerance,

u,

on ly wi l l b e de term i ne d i n a

l i m ite d a re a o f the c ut s u r face . T he are a s ha l l b e re duce d b y the d i men s ion Δ

the upper and the lower cut surface edges (see Figure 6). NO TE

T he re a s on

for

the re duce d c ut

face

p ro fi le i s to a l low

for

a

according to Table 3 from

the melti n g o f the top e dge .

Table 3 — Dimensions for a Δ

Cut thickness, a

Δ

mm

a

mm 0,1 a 0,3 0,6 1 1,5 2 3 5 8 10

≤3 >3 ≤ 6 > 6 ≤ 10 >10 ≤ 2 0 >2 0 ≤ 4 0 > 4 0 ≤ 10 0 >10 0 ≤ 1 5 0 >1 5 0 ≤ 2 0 0 >2 0 0 ≤ 2 5 0 >2 5 0 ≤ 3 0 0

Rz5, shall be determined within a limited area 5, shall be measured at 15 mm from the start of the cut in the advance direction. The measurement shall be carried out at the point of the maximum surface roughness of the cut surface, according to ISO 4288, using a device as described in ISO 3274. T he charac teri s tic va lue o f the me an height o f the pro fi le, o f the c ut s ur face and the me an height o f the pro fi le,

6.2.3

Rz

Procedure

T he charac teri s tic va lue s

for the

c ut s u r face s wi l l b e de term i ne d, accord i ng to the typ e o f me a s u rement,

Tables 1 and 2. f Rz5, shall be measured at 15 mm from the cut length in the advance direction. The measurement will take place in accordance with ISO 4288 using a tester as described in ISO 3274.

b y me an s o f the corre s p ond i ng i n s tr u ments l i s te d i n

T he me an height o

the pro fi le,

I f a me a s uri ng wi re or s en s or

for

co a rs e me a s urement o f the p erp end ic u l arity or angu larity tolerance

cannot be introduced in the gap between shifting square and cut surface, a depth gauge with sensing © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

11

ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

point shall be used. In the case o f molten edges with unfinished projection, the latter will be considered in the perpendicularity or angularity tolerance. For cut thicknesses below 2 mm, the measuring procedure to determine the perpendicularity or angularity tolerance specifically has to be agreed upon.

For cut thicknesses below 2 mm, the measurement of Rz5 is carried out at a distance of 1/2 of the cut thickness from the upper cut edge. With regard to all thermal cutting processes, the piercing area and/or the start section of a cut will be excluded from the measurements. The same applies to the end of the cut. 7 Quality o f the cut surface 7.1

Characteristic values

The quality o f the cut sur faces o f thermally cut materials is described by the following characteristic

values:

a) perpendicularity or angularity tolerance, u; b) mean height o f the profile, Rz5.

The following characteristic values may be used in addition:

— drag, n ; — melting of top edge, r;

— possibly occurrence o f dross or melting drops on the lower edge o f the cut. 7.2

7.2 .1

Measuring ranges

General

For quality, the ranges for perpendicularity or angularity tolerance, u, and mean height o f the profile, Rz5, shall be indicated in the order u , Rz5. Where no value is fixed, a “0” (zero) shall be indicated.

Isolated faults, such as gouges, the unavoidable formation of melting beads on the lower edge of the cut

at the start o f cuts, or oxide remainders on the cut sur face have not been considered when defining the quality values o f this document. At multi flank cuts, e.g. for Y, double V or double HV seams (see ISO 2553), each cut sur face shall be evaluated separately. 7.2.2

Perpendicularity or angularity tolerance, u

The ranges for the perpendicularity or angularity tolerance, u, are shown in Table 4 and in Figure 12. Table 4 — Perpendicularity or angularity tolerance, u Range

1 2 3 4 5 12

Perpendicularity or angularity tolerance, u

mm 0,05 + 0,003 a 0,15 + 0,007 a 0,4 + 0,01 a 0,8 + 0,02 a 1,2 + 0,035 a

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

7.2.3

Mean height o f the profile, Rz5

T he range s

for

the me an height o f the pro fi le,

Rz

5, are shown in Table 5 and in Figure 13.

Table 5 — Mean height o f the profile, Rz5 Range

1 2 3 4

Mean height o f the profile, Rz5

µm 10 + (0,6 a mm) 40 + (0,8 a mm) 70 + (1,2 a mm) 110 + (1,8 a mm)

a) Perpendicularity or angularity tolerance, u (work piece thickness up to 30 mm)

b) Perpendicularity or angularity tolerance, u (work piece thickness up to 150 mm)

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

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ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

Key

1 to 5 range (see Table 4) X cut thickness, e, in mm Y

p erp endicularity o r angularity to lerance,

u

, in mm

Figure 12 — Perpendicularity or angularity tolerance, u

a) Mean height o f the profile, Rz5 (work piece thickness up to 30 mm)

b) Mean height o f the profile, Rz5 (work piece thickness up to 150 mm) Key

1 to 4 range (see Table 5) X cut thickness, e, in mm Y

mean height o f the p ro file,

5

Rz

Figure 13 — Mean height o f the profile, Rz5 14

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

8 Dimensional tolerances 8.1

General

The dimensions in the drawings shall be taken to be the nominal dimensions, the actual dimensions being determined on the clean sur faces o f the cut. The limit deviations specified in Tables 6 and 7

shall apply to dimensions without tolerance indications, where re ference is made to this document on drawings or in other documents (e.g. delivery conditions). They are only applicable to flame cuts and plasma cuts on work pieces with a length-to-width ratio

(length : width) not exceeding 4:1 and for lengths of cut (circumference) of not less than 350 mm.

For work pieces cut by flame and plasma cutting with a length-to-width ratio greater than 4:1, the limit deviations shall be specified by the manu facturer following the principles set out in this document. For laser cutting, the maintainable dimensional tolerances depend essentially on the length-to-width ratio, the geometry and the pre-treatment conditions o f the work piece. The given classes do not apply to the start and end o f the cut and can only be achieved with serviced

machines and trained operators. Material grade and the sheet temperature in comparison to the machine temperature needs to be suitable to meet the requirements of the allowed material elongation or contraction, e.g. due to the relief of residual stresses and thermal elongation during cutting. I f necessary, the limit deviations may be agreed upon separately.

The limit deviations for the cut sur face quality (perpendicularity or angularity tolerance) are treated separately from the limit deviations for the dimensional deviations o f the work piece in order to emphasize the di fferent influences on the work piece. NOTE The limit deviations do not include the deviations from perpendicularity or angularity. As the definitions for the limit deviations are based on the independence principle, it was deemed not to be necessary to explain this fact once again by the additional indication o f the tolerance according to ISO 8015 on the drawing. This avoids any misunderstandings with regard to a possible elimination o f the independence principle i f there is

no reference to ISO 8015.

I f other form and location tolerances, e.g. straightness tolerance, perpendicularity tolerance in cut length and cut width direction, shall be maintained, they have to be agreed upon separately.

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

15

Work piece thickness a

>0 >1 >3,15 >6,3 >10 >15 >20 >25 >32 >50 >100 >150 >200 >250

to ≤1 to ≤3 ,1 5 to ≤6, 3 to ≤10 to ≤1 5 to ≤2 0 to ≤2 5 to ≤32 to ≤5 0 to ≤10 0 to ≤1 5 0 to ≤2 0 0 to ≤2 5 0 to ≤3 0 0

Dimensions in millimetres

Nominal dimensions ≥35

≥1 2 5

>0 to <3

≤3 to <10

≤10 to <3 5

to <125

to <315

±0,075 ±0,10 ±0,20 — — — — — — — — — — —

±0,10 ±0,15 ±0,20 ±0,25 ±0,30 ±0,40 ±0,45 — — — — — — —

±0,10 ±0,20 ±0,25 ±0,30 ±0,35 ±0,40 ±0,50 ±0,70 ±0,7 ±1,3 ±1,9 ±2,6 — —

±0,20 ±0,25 ±0,25 ±0,30 ±0,40 ±0,45 ±0,60 ±0,70 ±0,70 ±1,3 ±2,0 ±2,7 — —

±0,20 ±0,25 ±0,30 ±0,35 ±0,45 ±0,55 ±0,70 ±0,80 ±0,8 ±1,4 ±2,1 ±2,7 — —

≥31 5

to <1 000

Limit deviations

±0,30 ±0,35 ±0,40 ±0,45 ±0,55 ±0,75 ±0,90 ±1,0 ±1,0 ±1,7 ±2,3 ±3,0 ±3,7 ±4,4

to <2 000

≥1 0 0 0

to <4 000

≥2 0 0 0

to <6 000

≥4 0 0 0

to <8 000

≥6 0 0 0

±0,40 ±0,40 ±0,45 ±0,55 ±0,65 ±0,85 ±1,10 ±1,6 ±1,6 ±2,2 ±2,9 ±3,6 ±4,2 ±4,9

±0,65 ±0,65 ±0,70 ±0,75 ±0,85 ±1,2 ±1,60 ±2,25 ±2,5 ±3,1 ±3,8 ±4,5 ±5,2 ±5,9

±0,90 ±1,00 ±1,10 ±1,25 ±1,50 ±1,90 ±2,40 ±3,00 ±3,8 ±4,4 ±5,1 ±5,7 ±6,4 ±7,1

±1,60 ±1,75 ±1,90 ±2,20 ±2,50 ±2,80 ±3,25 ±4,00 ±5,0 ±5,6 ±6,3 ±7,0 ±7,7 ±8,4

ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

16

Table 6 — Limit deviations for nominal dimensions tolerance class 1

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

Table 7 — Limit deviations for nominal dimensions tolerance class 2

Work piece thickness

>0 to <3

Nominal dimensions ≥3 to <10

≥10 to <3 5

a

>0 >1 >3,15 >6,3 >10 >15 >20 >25 >32 >50 >100 >150 >200 >250

to ≤1 to ≤3 ,1 5 to ≤6, 3 to ≤10 to ≤1 5 to ≤2 0 to ≤2 5 to ≤32 to ≤5 0 to ≤10 0 to ≤1 5 0 to ≤2 0 0 to ≤2 5 0 to ≤3 0 0

±0,5 ±0,6 ±0,7 — — — — — — — — — — —

Dimensions in millimetres

±0,6 ±0,6 ±0,8 ±1 ±1,8 ±1,8 ±1,8 ±1,8 ±1,8 — — — — —

±0,6 ±0,7 ±0,9 ±1,1 ±1,8 ±1,8 ±1,8 ±1,8 ±1,8 ±2,5 ±3,2 ±4 — —

≥3 5

to <125 ±0,7 ±0,7 ±0,9 ±1,3 ±1,8 ±1,8 ±1,8 ±1,8 ±1,8 ±2,5 ±3,3 ±4 — —

≥1 25

to <315

≥31 5

to <1 000

Limit deviations

±0,7 ±0,8 ±1,1 ±1,4 ±1,9 ±1,9 ±1,9 ±1,9 ±1,9 ±2,6 ±3,4 ±4,1 — —

±0,8 ±0,9 ±1,2 ±1,5 ±2,3 ±2,3 ±2,3 ±2,3 ±2,3 ±3 ±3,7 ±4,5 ±5,2 ±6

to <2 000

≥1 0 0 0

to <4 000

≥2 0 0 0

to <6 000

≥4 0 0 0

to <8 000

≥6 0 0 0

±0,9 ±1 ±1,3 ±1,6 ±3 ±3 ±3 ±3 ±3 ±3,7 ±4,4 ±5,2 ±5,9 ±6,7

±0,9 ±1,1 ±1,3 ±1,7 ±4,2 ±4,2 ±4,2 ±4,2 ±4,2 ±4,9 ±5,7 ±6,4 ±7,2 ±7,9

— ±1,4 ±1,6 ±1,9 ±4,3 ±4,3 ±4,3 ±4,3 ±4,3 ±5,3 ±6,1 ±6,8 ±7,6 ±8,3

— ±1,4 ±1,6 ±2 ±4,5 ±4,5 ±4,5 ±4,5 ±4,5 ±5,6 ±6,4 ±7,1 ±7,9 ±8,6

ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

17

ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

8.2 Dimensional tolerances on parts without finishing The work piece shall fit into an assembly. The nominal dimension o f the part to be cut results rom the assembly dimension (= drawing dimension), reduced by the limit deviation (see Figure 14). The real dimension o f a component produced by a thermal cutting process always corresponds to the 8.2 .1

f

greatest dimension at outside dimensions and to the smallest dimension at inside dimensions.

This kind o f tolerance is normally required at welding joint preparation, as the work piece has to fit into an assembly.

Key A

assembly dimension

nominal dimension of the cut part Go upper limit deviation Gu lower limit deviation B

u

perpendicularity or angularity tolerance

Figure 14 — Dimensional tolerances on parts without finishing

I f the work piece doesn’t need to fit into an assembly, the nominal dimension o f the part to be cut results from the assembly dimension A (see Figure 15). 8.2 .2

8.3 Dimensional tolerances on parts with finishing 8.3 .1

General

In order to be able to meet the assembly dimensions, it is necessary, for outside dimensions o f work

pieces with a machining allowance, Bz , to add the perpendicularity or angularity tolerance as well as the lower limit deviation and, for inside dimensions o f work pieces with a machining finishing allowance, Bz , to subtract the perpendicularity or angularity tolerance as well as the upper limit deviation (see

Figure 15).

NOTE 1 The e ffective material to be removed depends on the machining allowance, the perpendicularity or angularity tolerance and the mean height o f the profile for the relevant cutting process.

18

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

Key A

assembly dimension

nominal dimension of the cut part Bz machine allowance Go upper limit deviation Gu lower limit deviation B

u

perpendicularity

Figure 15 — Dimensional tolerances on parts with finishing (outer dimensions)

NOTE 2 8.3.2

B

is the result of a calculation from A , BZ , u and Gu (see text above).

Machining allowance

I f the drawing does not bear any indication to this e ffect, in practice, a machining allowance depending

on the sheet thickness will be provided for according to Table 8.

Table 8 — Machining allowance, Bz

Dimensions in millimetres

Work piece thickness, a ≥2 ≤20 >20 ≤50 >50 ≤80

Machining allowance for each cut sur face, Bz

>80

2 3 5 7

9 Designation A thermal cut in compliance with the requirements o f this document is designated by listing the

following elements in this order: a) the “Thermal cut”;

b) a reference of this document, i.e. ISO 9013:2017;

c) the range number chosen for the perpendicularity or angularity tolerance (1 to 5); d) the range number chosen for the mean height o f the profile (1 to 4);

e) the class number chosen for the limit deviation for nominal dimensions (1 to 2). © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

19

ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

EXAMPLE A thermal cut con forming to this document, o f range 3 for the perpendicularity or angularity tolerance, range 1 for mean height o f the profile and class 2 for limit deviations for nominal dimensions, is

designated as follows:

Thermal cut I SO 901 3 ‑31 2 : 2 017

10 Information in technical documentation 10.1 Indications o f size

The dimensional indications in the drawings are referred to the cut work piece. In the technical documentation, standards, etc., dimensional symbols according to this document shall be used.

10.2 Indication o f quality o f cut surface and o f tolerance class 10.2.1 On technical drawings

The quality and tolerance classes required in connection with thermal cutting shall be indicated using the following symbol, in accordance with ISO 1302 (see Figure 16):

Key

1 indication of the main number of this document 2 indication o f the perpendicularity or angularity tolerance, u, according to 7.2.2 3 indication o f the mean height o f the profile, Rz5, according to 7.2.3 4 indication of the tolerance class according to Clause 8 Figure 16

EXAMPLE

A quality with the symbol 34 (range 3 for u , range 4 for Rz5) and the limit deviations for nominal

dimensions tolerance class 2 (see Table 7) are required.

10.2.2 Title block o f technical documentation

The required cut quality and the required tolerance class shall be indicated as follows, re ferring to the

main number of this document. EXAMPLE

A quality with the symbol 34 (range 3 for u , range 4 for Rz5) and the limit deviations for nominal

dimensions tolerance class 2 (see Table 7) are required: I SO 9 01 3 ‑3 42

20

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

Annex A

(informative) Achievable cut qualities for different cutting processes T h i s do c u ment con s iders the pri ncip le u s e d to de s c rib e the qua l ity o f therma l c uts i ndep endently

from

the pro ce s s , e . g. ox y fuel fla me c utti ng , pla s ma c utti ng , la s er c utti ng.

No t any qua l ity tolerance and a ny ge ome tric a l pro duc t s p e ci fic ation c an b e ob ta i ne d by any pro ce s s and a ny materi a l .

With regard to a l l therma l c utti ng pro ce s s e s , the typic a l ach ievable qua l itie s apply to materia l grade s

approved and recommended for the cutting process used. Table A.1 f i nd ic ate s typic a l ly ach ievab le cla s s e s

c utti ng

for

or the c utti ng pro ce s s e s las er, ox y fuel flame and pla s ma

typic a l 2 D - c utti ng appl ic ation s . C ombi ne d te ch nolo gie s , s uch a s las er and pl as ma c utti ng

or la s er c utti ng and pu nch i ng , have to b e con s idere d s ep arately due to

fu r ther

appl ic ation- s p e ci fic

tolerance s . T he given cla s s e s do no t app ly to the s tar t and end o f the c ut c an on ly b e ach ieve d with

serviced machines and trained operators. The material grade needs to be suitable to meet the requirements of the allowed material elongation or contraction e.g. due to the relief of residual stresses and thermal elongation during cutting. These ff taken into account when considering the achievable tolerance class. materi a l- s p e c i fic e

e c ts on tolera nce s i n add ition to the mach i ne and pro ce s s acc u rac y mu s t a lways b e

Table A.1 — Typically achievable limit deviation classes for cutting processes Process

laser cutting (up to 32 mm) ox y fuel fl a me cutti n g

plasma cutting

Class

1 2 2

O n cut s ur face s o f work pie ces o f alum i nium, titanium, magne s ium, copp er and thei r a l loys , as a

func tion

o f the a l loy’s granu lar s truc ture, ripple d s ur face s re s u lt on wh ich it i s no t p o s s ible to determi ne the me an height o f the pro fi le and to eva luate it i n accordance with th i s do cu ment. Va lues approxi mately

four ti mes

a s h igh, with res p e c t to th i s do cu ment, may b e exp e c te d

for a lum i nium

and a lu mi nium a l loys .

With regard to all thermal cutting processes the achievable mean height of the u f cut, small radii and sharp angles. Figures A.1 to A.4 ff p er p end ic u la rity or angu larity tolera nce,

, do e s no t apply to the b e gi n n i ng o

s how average qua l itie s ach ievable i n m i ld s te el u s i ng the d i

Rz5

pro fi le

a nd

the c ut, the end o f the

erent ox ygen a s s i s te d

c utti ng pro ce s s e s mentione d . H owever, dep end i ng on s er vice cond ition s , u s e d te ch nolo g y a nd materi a l s grade, qua l itie s s ign i fic a ntly d i fferent c an b e ob ta i ne d .

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

21

ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

Key

1 to 5 range (see Table 5) a cut thickness, e, in mm u

p erp endicularity o r angularity to lerance, in mm oxyfuel flame cutting

plasma cutting laser cutting

Figure A.1 — Typical cut qualities achievable with perpendicularity or angularity tolerance, u (work piece thickness up to 30 mm)

22

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

Key

1 to 5 range (see Table 5) a cut thickness, e, in mm u

p erp endicularity o r angularity to lerance, in mm oxyfuel flame cutting

plasma cutting laser cutting

Figure A.2 — Typical cut qualities achievable with perpendicularity or angularity tolerance, u (work piece thickness up to 150 mm)

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

23

ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

a

Key

1 to 4 range (see Table 5) a cut thickness, e, in mm mean height o f the p ro file,

Y

5

Rz

oxyfuel flame cutting

plasma cutting laser cutting

Figure A.3 — Typical cut qualities achievable with mean height o f the profile, Rz5 (work piece thickness up to 30 mm)

24

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

a

Key

1 to 4 range (see Table 5) a cut thickness, e, in mm Y

mean height o f the p ro file,

5

Rz

oxyfuel flame cutting

plasma cutting laser cutting

Figure A.4 — Typical cut qualities achievable with mean height o f the profile, Rz5 (work piece thickness up to 150 mm)

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

25

ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

Annex B

(informative) Thermal cutting — Process principles

B.1

General

This annex explains the principles of the processes. Thermal cutting processes may be classified according to the physics o f the cutting process and according to the energy source acting externally on the work piece. All processes applied in practice are mixed forms o f these. They are classified according to the predominant process o f burning, melting or sublimation. The reaction process continues always into the depth and, on movement, in the advance

direction.

B.2 Classification according to the physics o f the cutting process B.2.1 Oxygen cutting Oxygen cutting is a thermal cutting process in which the ker f is produced by substantial oxidation o f the material, the resulting products being blown out from the ker f by a high-speed oxygen jet.

B.2.2 Fusion cutting Fusion cutting is a thermal cutting process in which the ker f is produced by substantial melting o f the material in that area, the resulting products being blown out from the ker f by a high-speed gas jet.

B.2.3 Sublimation cutting Sublimation cutting is a thermal cutting process in which the ker f is produced by substantial evaporation o f the material in that area, the resulting products being blown out from the ker f by expansion or by a high-speed gas jet.

B.3 Processes B.3.1 Oxyfuel flame cutting Oxygen cutting is the thermal cutting done with a fuel gas/oxygen flame and cutting oxygen. The heat released by the heating flame and the heat produced during the combustion permit continuous combustion by the cutting oxygen. The oxides produced, mixed with some molten metal, are driven out by the kinetic energy o f the cutting oxygen jet. By this action, the ker f is produced. Oxygen cutting is feasible i f the following conditions are satisfied:

— the ignition temperature of the material to be cut is lower than its fusion temperature; — the fusion temperature of the combustion products produced and of the metallic oxides, is lower than the fusion temperature of the material to be cut; — the process produces such a quantity o f heat that the material areas in the cutting direction are

heated at least up to ignition temperature;

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© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

—

the he at s upp ly th rough the he ati ng flame and the combu s tion o f the materi a l i n the ker f e xce e d the

—

the cutting slag is i n s uch a liquid s tate that it can b e driven out

heat dissipation through the heat discharge into the material and to the environment;

B.3 .2

from the ker f by the cutting oxygen j et.

Plasma cutting

Pla s ma

c utti ng i s

a therma l

c utti ng pro ce s s

in

wh ich

a

con s tric te d

arc i s

used.

Polyatom ic

gas e s

d i s s o c iate i n the arc and p ar tia l ly ion i z e; mono atom ic gas e s p ar tia l ly ion i z e . T he pla s ma b e am thu s generate d h as a h igh temp eratu re a nd ki ne tic energ y. I t melts or p ar tia l ly vap ori z e s the materi a l a nd blows it away. T hereby, the ker f i s pro duce d .

The sheet thickness which can be cut is limited since for plasma cutting, the whole heat required to f ff made between transferred and non-transferred arc. For the plasma cutting process, the material to be f f for low and high cutting performance, i.e. cutting of thin and thick metal sheets. The plasma gas which is used as function of the material to be cut and of the cutting thickness, is of decisive importance for l ique y the materi a l ha s to b e made ava i l able b y the pl as ma c utti ng. With pl as ma c utti ng , a d i

c ut sha l l b e ele c tric a l ly conduc ti ng s i nce it

orm s p ar t o

erence i s

the ele c tric a l ci rc uit. T h i s pro ce s s i s s u itable

the energ y tran s fer. O n pla s ma c utti ng with non-tran s ferre d a rc, the materia l i s no t place d with i n the ele c tric a l ci rc u it. T here fore, ele c tric a l ly non- conduc ti ng materi a l s may a l s o b e c ut b y th i s pro ce s s . Pla s ma c utti ng with non-tran s ferre d a rc on ly i s s uitable

cutting nozzle serves as anode. B.3 .3

for

low- c utti ng p er forma nce va lue s a s the

fo c u s e d

las er b e a m s uppl ie s the energ y re qu i re d

Laser cutting

L a s er c utti ng i s a therma l c utti ng pro ce s s i n wh ich the

for the

c utti ng , th i s energ y then b ei ng conver te d i nto he at. T he c utti ng pro ce s s i s s upp or te d by a ga s j e t.

With las er b e am c utti ng a d i fference i s made b e twe en la s er ox y fuel flame c utti ng , las er

and laser sublimation cutting.

D ep endent on the typ e o f las er s ou rce appl ie d i n la s er c utti ng (typic a l ly C O the ach ievable c utti ng qua l ity level c an d i ffer.

Sp e c ia l i ze d la s er c utti ng pro ce s s e s c an le ad to s ign i fic antly lower va lue s

B.4

fu s ion

c utti ng

2 -lasers or solid state-lasers),

for

Rz5.

Materials

B.4.1 Oxyfuel flame cutting

The prerequisites indicated in B.3.1

a re s ati s fie d i n the ca s e o f i ron, una l loye d s te el a nd cer tai n a l loye d

s te el s as wel l as titan iu m a nd s ome titan iu m a l loys . T he c utti ng pro ce s s i s made more d i ffic u lt b y a l loyi ng a nd accomp anyi ng elements , (excep t content,

e . g.

o f c arb on,

ch rom iu m,

for

mangane s e)

molyb denu m a nd s i l icon .

the d i ffic u ltie s i nc re a s i ng with ri s i ng T here fore, a mong o thers , h igh- a l loye d

ch rom ium-n ickel or s i l icon s te el s and c as t i ron c an no t b e flame c ut without applyi ng s p e c ia l me as u re s . T he s e materi a l s may b e pro ce s s e d b y d i fferent therma l c utti ng pro ce s s e s , e . g. b y me ta l p owder c utti ng

or plasma cutting. B.4.2

Plasma cutting

Ne arly a l l

fu s ible,

ele c tric a l ly conduc ti ng me ta l s , s uch as u na l loye d and low- a l loy s te el s , a l loye d s te el s ,

n ickel-b as e d materi a l s , copp er a l loys , titan iu m a l loys , a lu m i n iu m a l loys and o thers are s u itable

cutting. B.4.3

for

Laser cutting

T he m ater i a l i s s u i tab le

fo r

l a s er c utti n g i f its p ro p er tie s a re a ffe c te d i n the c ut a re a s , o n l y to s uch a n

extent that the component maintains at least the properties required for the intended use. Suitable f and others. o r c utti ng a re u n a l lo ye d a nd a l lo ye d s te el s , n ickel- b a s e d m ater i a l s , tita n iu m a l lo ys , a lu m i n iu m a l lo ys

© ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

27

ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

Bibliography [1] [2] [3] [4]

28

ISO 1101,

Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Geometrical tolerancing — Tolerances o f form, orientation, location and run-out

ISO 2553, Welding and allied processes — Symbolic representation on drawings — Welded joints ISO 4287:1997, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Surface texture: Profile method — Terms, definitions and surface texture parameters

ISO 17658,

Welding — Imperfections in oxyfuel flame cuts, laser beam cuts and plasma cuts — Terminology

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ISO 901 3 : 2 01 7(E)

ICS  25.160.10

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