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A STUDY ON INDUSTRY SAFETY MEASURE IN RENUGA MILLS AND TEXTILES,THENI
PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by
GOWTHAMI PRITHI D Register No. 088001107010 In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION in DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES
HINDUSTHAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
COIMBATORE-641 001 MAY – 2010 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE HINDUSTHAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY COIMBATORE -641 001 DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES
PROJECT WORK MAY 2010
This is to certify that the project entitled
A STUDY ON INDUSTRY SAFETY MEASURE IN RENUGA MILLS AND TEXTILES,THENI is the bonafide record of project work done by GOWTHAMI PRITHI D. Register No: 088001107010 Of MBA during the year 2008-2010
Mrs. M.BHUVANESHWARI
PROJECT GUIDE
MR. SHOBAN K.R HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT
Submitted for the Project Viva-Voce examination held on ____________
______________________
______________________
INTERNAL EXAMINER
EXTERNAL EXAMINER
DECLARATION
I affirm that the project work titled “A STUDY ON INDUSTRY
SAFETY MEASURE IN RENUGA MILLS AND TEXTILES, THENI being submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION is the original work carried out by me. It has not formed the part of any other project work submitted for award of any degree or diploma, either in this or any other University.
(Signature of the candidate)
NAME OF THE CANDIDAT0E: GOWTHAMI PRITHI D. REGISTER NO
:
088001107010
I certify that the declaration made above by the candidate is true.
(Signature of the guide)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I may not complete this project work with out the great help from several persons and GOD almighty. I hereby express my hearty thanks to all of them that imparted me the capability to complete the project in the most successful manner.
I am deeply indebted to Dr.V. DURAISWAMY, PRINCIPAL OF HIDUSTHAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, for giving me permission to undertake this project and his encouragement and support.
I owe my gratitude and thanks to
MR. K.R. SHOBAN
HEAD OF THE
DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES, HINDUSTHAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, for his suggestions and support.
I
express
my
sincere
gratitude
thanks
to
my
guide
Mrs.M.BHUVANESHWARI,MBA.,M.Phil.,PGDCA.,Ph.D., Lecturer my faculty guide for her supportive and valuable help to my project.
I would like to express my sincere thanks to THE MANAGER AND MY ORGANISATION GUIDE OF RENUGA MILLS AND TEXTILES,THENI for his utmost co-operation during the course of the study.
Last but not least, I express my deep, sincere and whole hearted thanks to my parents, relatives and dearest friends for their valuable suggestion and information, which helped me to make this project a successful one.
(GOWTHAMI PRITHI D.)
CONTENTS
S.NO
TITLE BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE DECLARATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENT TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT LIST OF TABLES LIST OF CHARTS
1
INTRODUCTION 1.1 Project introduction. 1.2 Industry profile 1.3 Company profile
2
MAIN THEME OF THE PROJECT 2.1 Objective of the study 2.2 Need and Scope of the study 2.3 Limitation of the study 2.4 Research Methodology 2.5 Review of literature
3
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
4
FINDINGS SUGGESTION & CONCLUSION
5
BIBLIOGRAPHY
ABSTRACT
PAGE NO
The study entitled “A Study on industry safety measure in renuga mills and textiles, Theni ”. This study was undertaken to know the safety level of the employees with special reference to renuga mills and textiles.
The main focus of the study is to measure the level of employee safety in renuga mills and textiles,theni.. This project emphasizes the importance of safety among the workers in achieving gains in human performance and productivity.
Primary data collection was done through structured questionnaire. Secondary data was collected from company records and internet. Research design used in this study was descriptive research study. Stratified sampling method was followed. Conclusions were drawn based on the analysis of data collected from the employees in various grades. Statistical tools applied are simple percentage, and CHI test.
Recommendations were provided for enhancing the quality of the processes and personnel policies of the organization. The steps for improving safety in the organization are identified. The level of individual and safety measures is identified in the organization. This project provides detailed information about safety , where does it reside and what does it do. The industry can implement job enrichment, job enhancement and self development training methods to improve the safety .
LIST OF TABLES
S. NO
TITLE
1
Age wise classification of respondent
2
Department
3
Work experience
4
Opinion regarding safety measure in your work spot
5
Providing any personal protective equipment
6
Frequency of the training programme
7
Major consideration in case of accidents by the conservancy
8
The availability of safety equipments in organisation
9
The remedial measure takes by the organisation in case of accidents
10
Major cause of an accident
11
Experienced person does not need training on safety measure
12
Disease affected by the organisation environment
13 14
Frequent the accidents are happening in organisation department Severity of the accidents caused in organization department
15
Disturbance in work environment
16
Cotton content of the waste effluent
17
The working environment of the organisation is good
PAGE NO
18
Methods to improve the safety measure inside the organisation.
19
Organisation providing first aid in case of accident
20
Safety training based on their effectiveness
21
Department is prone to accident
22
Methods will improve the safety measure inside the organisation
23
Facility in th eorganisation
24
Chi square test -1
25
Chi square test -2
LIST OF CHARTS
S. NO
TITLE
1
Age wise classification of respondent
2
Department
3
Work experience
4
Opinion regarding safety measure in your work spot
5
Providing any personal protective equipment
6
Frequency of the training programme
7
Major consideration in case of accidents by the conservancy
8
The availability of safety equipments in organisation
9
The remedial measure takes by the organisation in case of accidents
10
Major cause of an accident
11
Experienced person does not need training on safety measure
12
Disease affected by the organisation environment
13 14 15
Frequent the accidents are happening in organisation department Severity of the accidents caused in organization department Disturbance in work environment
PAGE NO
16 17 18
Cotton content of the waste effluent The working environment of the organisation is good Methods to improve the safety measure inside the organisation.
19
Organisation providing first aid in case of accident
20
Safety training based on their effectiveness
21
Department is prone to accident
22
Methods will improve the safety measure inside the organisation
23
Facility in th eorganisation
CHAPTER -1 INTRODUCTION I.I PROJECT INFORMATION HEALTH AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT Safety increases
productivity,
reduces
accidents, acts as moral booster for employees, enables them to work fearlessly with confidence when they are assured of work safety. Safety measures develop team spirit and the sense of belongingness among employees, as they see no hazards to their lives and health. The Safety Policy of renuga mills.The occupational safety and health are primarily a management function like quality and production, having total participation of all workmen with the objective of reducing deterioration and losses of resources of Men, Machines and Materials ensuring product safety.
The commitment of management towards safety has envisaged constituting safety committee headed by the chief safety officer. The safety policy is published among all employees through play cards, instructions and exhibits.
Methods followed to provide safety to employees in renuga mills 1. Safety Inspections. 2. Job safety analysis. 3. Safety education and training. 4. Investigation of accidents. 5. Wet drills.
Safety Inspection Periodical Inspection of work spots are carried out by the safety officers from the angle of health and safety of employees. Any unusual sound, smell or any other observation are bought to the notice of the concerned department in charge. The work methods of employees are observed and recorded. Also House-keeping, electrical
appliances, high pressure operations and the use of heat and fore are studied with special attention and appropriate warning are issued. The number of fire extinguishers, their maintenance and refill status are observed and recorded. (Once in a month, in
the
concerned department).
Job Safety Analysis In this the critical jobs are studied in detail especially the jobs causing frequent accidents and damages. All the possible causes of accidents are analyzed and appropriate methods are advised.
Safety Education and Training. Here the employees are informed about the various hazards in the works and the methods of using safety equipments and other personal protective equipments. In addition first-aid training, fire fighting methods are taught to the employees. Safety training programme are conducted at certain intervals by the experts who come from various institutions and employees were sent to attend training programme and seminars conducted by the various institutions at the expenses of the company.
Investigation of Accidents Case studies are being carried out to investigate the various causes of accidents by appropriately choosing accidents cases. In this the causes are broadly classified as 3 Categories as below. 1. Unsafe act of men. 2. Unsafe conditions of machines. 3. Unsafe environment
Wet Drills This is an exercise carried out by the coordinated activities of the personnel in Engineering, Security and Personnel Departments. This is carried out to maintain the preparedness for fire fighting. This is also called mock fire drill.
1.2 INDUSTRY PROFILE
India Textile Industry is one of the leading textile industries in the world. Though was predominantly unorganized industry even a few years back, but the scenario started changing after the economic liberalization of Indian economy in 1991. The opening up of economy gave the much-needed thrust to the Indian textile industry, which has now successfully become one of the largest in the world.
India textile industry largely depends upon the textile manufacturing and export. It also plays a major role in the economy of the country. India earns about 27% of its total foreign exchange through textile exports. Further, the textile industry of India also contributes nearly 14% of the total industrial production of the country. It also contributes around 3% to the GDP of the country. India textile industry is also the largest in the country in terms of employment generation. It not only generates jobs in its own industry, but also opens up scopes for the other ancillary sectors. India textile industry currently generates employment to more than 35 million people. It is also estimated that, the industry will generate 12 million new jobs by the year 2010.
1.3 COMPANY PROFILE
Shri Renuga Textiles Ltd., with a Two Star Export House status and its Towels division Shri Renuga Soft-X Towels, are ISO 9001 certified enterprises. We are among the leading manufacturers of a wide range of textile products, located in Theni, Tamilnadu in the southern part of India. Shri Renuga, with over five decades in the industry runs a self reliant and composite operation. Its operation spans Spinning, Weaving, Yarn Dyeing, Wider Width Fabric Printing, Wider Width Processing and Sewing. Its products range from 100% Cotton & Blended Yarn, Bleached & Dyed Yarn, Bleached & Dyed Terry Towels, Made-ups, Bathrobes, Bed & Table Linen, Non-Sterilized Operation Room Towels, Lap Sponges to Blankets. Shri Renuga has an annual turnover of 1500 million rupees and a 3500 strong work force of skilled and dedicated employees maintaining uncompromising quality & efficiency while meeting ISO 9001 standards.
Yarn: Shri Renuga with its highly modernized state-of-the-art equipment from Reiter and Schlafhorst produces high quality Ring Spun, Compact and Open End (Carded & Combed) Yarn in both 100% Cotton and Blends. With a Spinning Capacity of 100,000 spindles and 384 rotors it can produce 30 tonnes/day of quality Yarn in counts ranging from 6‟s to 100‟s. in Singles, Ring Double and TFO. Quality is monitored at various stages using modern testing equipment like Uster AFIS, Uster HVI to ensure the manufacture of high quality yarn that meets international standards. Yarn Dyeing: Shri Renuga to meets its commitment to Quality is equipped with imported High Temperature - High Pressure Micro Processor Controlled Yarn Dyeing machines, RFDryers & MacBeth Color Matching Systems to produce 3000 kgs/day of high quality Bleached & Dyed Yarn using Reactive, Vat or Disperse dyes, in lot sizes ranging from 25 Kgs to 200 Kgs .
Terry Products: Shri Renuga Soft-X with its imported Rapier Looms can produce 20 tonnes/day of Terry Towels with Cotton Dobby Border & Filament Fancy Border. With stringent process control systems and its latest Soft-Flow Dyeing Machines, Kusters Hydraulic Jiggers, Monfort Stenter, European make continuous Tumble Dryer and Calendering facilities can process Bleached & Dyed Terry Towels, Terry Bathrobes, Wider Width Bed Sheets and Pillow covers in 100% Cotton & Blended Fabrics to match international standards for Soft Feel & Color Fastness. Shri Renuga Soft-X can produce Face, Hand, Bath, Beach Towels and Terry Bathrobes with both Carded & Combed yarn in different weights ranging from 350 GSM to 600 GSM. Shri Renuga Soft-X has backed its commitment to quality with a modern lab, equipped with Infra Lab Dyeing machine, Auto Dozer and MacBeth Color Matching Systems. Home Textiles: Shri Renuga Soft-X has a well organized Sewing facility to produce Home Textiles and Terry Products. Its product range includes Bed Linen, Table Linen, Oven Mittens, Pot Holders, Napkins, Aprons, Bed-Entourage, Baby Quilted Beds, Baby Quilted Sleeping Bags and Terry products like Bath Towels, Face Towels, Hand Towels, Beach Towels, Bathrobes, Terry Hooded Towels, Terry Bibs, Placemats, Terry Plaids and Baby Diapers. Bleached, Dyed or Yarn-Dyed Terry products can be produced in different weights ranging from 300 GSM to 800 GSM. Fabric Printing: Shri Renuga‟s fabric printing facilities is well equipped with Brugman & Holland CBR, Bruckner Stenters, Zimmer wider width 12 color printing machines, Kusters Calendaring machines and in-house design and engraving capabilities. It produces about 50,000 mtr/day of high quality printed fabric.
DEPARTMENTS
Production Department The Production Department is subdivided into five departments, which are as follows, Spinning Department – Blow room, Carding and spinning. Weaving Preparatory Department – Winding, Warping and Sizing. Processing Department – Bleaching, Printing and Dyeing. Weaving Department – Loom shed. Warehouse Department – Examining, Packing and Baling.
Service Department The Service Department comprises six departments, namely,
Marketing Department
Finance and Accounts Department
Purchase and Stores Department
Quality Assurance Department
Engineering Department
Personnel Department
CHAPTER –II MAIN THEME OF THE PROJECT
2.1 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
1. To study the various safety measure existing in the company. 2. To understand the problem faced by employee in the organization while operating the machinery. 3. To analyze the causes of accidents. 4. To recommend suggestion to improve safety measure in the organization. 5. To measure the effectiveness of the safety and first-aid training programme provided by the organization.
2.2 NEED AND SCOPE FOR FURTHER STUDY The sample size taken for this study is only 150; it can be extended to a larger sample. The study can be done by considering some other factors to measure the Industrial Safety Measures inside the Renuga Mills and Textiles. This study can be extended to measure the satisfaction level of employees on Health and Hygiene also.
2.3 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY The time period of the study is short, so detailed study was not made. Only certain factors are considered in this study to measure the Safety Measure provided inside the RENUGA MILLS AND TEXTILES Some false information might be given by the employees due to fear of their superiors.
2.4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY RESEARCH – MEANING Research is an art of scientific investigation. According to Redmen and Mary defines research as a “systematic effort to gain knowledge”. Research methodology is way to systematically solve the research problem. It is a plan of action for a research project and explains in detail how data are collected and analyzed. This research study is a descriptive research study.
RESEARCH DESIGN A research design is a plan that specifies the objectives of the study, method to be adopted in the data collection, tools in data analysis and hypothesis to be framed. “A research design is an arrangement of condition for collection and analysis of data in a manner that aims to combine relevance to research purpose with economy in procedure”.Here my project research design is descriptive in nature
NATURE OF DATA
The primary data are collected from the employees of renuga mills and Textiles through a direct structured questionnaire.
SAMPLING SIZE AND TECHNIQUE
It refers to the number of items to be selected from the universe to constitute as a sample. In this study 150 employees of RENUGA MILLS AND TEXTILES., was selected as size of sample.
Sample design The sampling technique used in this study is simple random sampling method. This method is also called as the method of chance selection. Each and every item of population has equal chance to be included in the sample. Questionnaire The questions are arranged logical sequence. The questionnaire consists of a variety of questions presented to the employees for the response. Multiple
choice
questions, rating scale questions were used in constructing questionnaire.
STATISTICAL TOOLS USED To analyze and interpret collected data the following statistical tools were used. 1. Percentage method 2. Chi-square analysis
Percentage method: The percentage is used for making comparison between two or more series
of data. It can be generally calculated as
No. of respondents favorable
Percentage of respondent = --------------------------------------------- * 100
Total no of respondents
Chi-square analysis: Chi-square analysis in statistics is to test the goodness of fit to verify the distribution of observed data with assumed theoretical distribution. Therefore it is a measure to study the divergence of actual and expected frequencies. The formula for computing chi-square is as follows. Chi-square = Σ {(O-E)2 / E}
The calculated value of chi-square is compared with the table of chisquare for the given degrees of freedom at the specified level of significance. If the calculated value is greater than the tabulated value then the difference between the observed frequency and the expected frequency are significant.
DEGREE OF FREEDOM
The formula for computing degree of freedom is as follows,
Degree of freedom= (C-1) (R-1)
The degrees of freedom is (n-2) where „n‟ is number of observed frequencies and in case of contingency table the degrees of freedom is (C-1) (R-1) where C is number of columns and R is number of rows.
2.5 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL SAFETY Life of Industrial workers is becoming more and more prone to danger. The Industries are becoming more in number, size and sophistication. Every year, lakhs and lakhs of workers meet accidents in factories, mines and workshops leading to injuries, permanent disabilities and sometime deaths. Accidents may be caused by unsafe working environments, defective plant and equipments, poor supervision, careless acts etc., Industrial safety management is a vital part of the human resources management in any industry because it ensures job satisfaction, job security and motivates the employees for higher productivity. Also, it helps in loss control for the overall benefit of the organization. Hence, industrial safety is beneficial to the workers as well as management. Introduction An organization is made up of four resources, namely men, material, money and machinery. Of these, the first one is living one and the other three are non-living i.e., nonhuman.It is the human or people that make use of non-human resources. Hence, people are the most significant resources in an organization. It is man who makes all the difference in organizations. According to Peter F. Drucker, “man, of all the resources available to man, can grow and develop”. Human resources are heterogeneous in the sense that they differ in personality, perception, emotions, values, attitudes, motives and modes of thoughts.
Safety Safety, in simple terms, means freedom from the occurrence or risk of injury or loss. Industrial safety or Employee safety refers to the protection of workers from the danger of industrial accidents.
Accidents An Accident, is an unplanned and uncontrolled event in which an action or reaction of an object, a substance, a person, or a radiation results in personal injury.
Causes of Accidents The industrial safety experts have classified the various causes of accidents into three broad categories: 1. Unsafe Conditions 2. Unsafe Acts 3. Other Causes
STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR INDUSTRIAL SAFETY The
International
Labour Organization (ILO) organized a Tripartite Technical Conference in 1948 to formulate a „Model Code‟ of Safety Regulations for Industrial Establishments for the guidance of governments and industry. The code covers various areas of unsafe conditions and unsafe acts. In
India,
The
Factories Act, 1948 lays down safety provisions contained in Sections 21 to 41. These provisions are obligatory on the part of industrial establishments.The various acts involved in Industrial safety are: 1. The Factories Act, 1984. 2. The Employees State Insurance Act 1948. 3. The Indian Explosive Act, 1884. 4. The Explosive Substance Act, 1908. 5. The Inflammable Substance Act, 1952. 6. The Petroleum Act, 1934. 7. The Indian Electricity Act, 1910. 8. The Indian Boilers Act, 1932.
9. The Fatal Accident Act, 1885.
CHAPTER- III ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
Age wise classification of Respondents Table no:3.1
S.no
Age in year
No of respondent
Percentage
1
30-40
34
22.6
2
41-50
46
30.7
3
51-60
70
46.7
Total
150
100
INTERPRETATION: The above table indicates 22.6 percentages of the respondents belong to 30-40 years old category, 30.7 percentages of the respondents belongs to 41-50 years category, 46.7 percentages of the respondents belongs to 51-60 years category.
Age wise classification of Respondents Chart no:3.1
Departments Table no:3.2
S.no
Department
Frequency
Percentage
1
cording
32
21.3
2
weaving
27
18
3
comber
29
19.3
4
drawing
24
16
5
simplex
18
12
6
spinning
20
13.3
Total
150
100
INTERPRETATION: The above table indicates 21.3 percentage of the respondents belong to
cording department, 18 percentage of the respondents belong to Weaving
department, 19.3 percentage of the respondents belong to comber department, 16 percentage of the respondents belong to drawing department, 18 percentage of the
respondents belong to simplx department, 13.3 percentage of the respondents belong to spinning department
Departments Chart no:3.2
Work Experience Table no:3.3
S.no
Work experience
Frequency
Percentage
1
Below 10years
14
9.3
2
10-20years
39
26
3
20-30years
41
27.3
4
More than 30
56
37.3
Total
150
100
INTERPRETATION: The above table indicates 9.3 percentage of respondent belong to below 10 years, 26 percentage of respondents belong to 10-20 years, 27.3 percentage of respondents belong to 21-30 years, 37.3 percentage of respondents belong to above 30 years of service in the organization.
Experience Chart no:3.3
Opinion regarding safety measure in your work spot Table no:3.4
S.no
Safety measure
Frequency
Percentage
1
Yes
57
38
2
No
93
62
Total
150
100
INTERPRETATION The above table indicates the 38 percentage of respondents says yes this organisation have goos safety measure and the remains respondent says no this organisation doesn‟t have good safety measure.
62
percentage of
Opinion regarding safety measure in your work spot Chart no:3.4
Providing any personal protective equipment Table no:3.5
S.no
Organisation
Frequency
percentage
providing personal productive equipment 1
Yes
106
70.7
2
No
44
29.3
Total
150
100
INTERPRETATION: The above table indicates 70.7 percentages of the respondents says that the organization is providing personal protective equipments and 29.3 percentages of the respondents says that the organization does not provide any personal protective equipment.
Providing any personal protective equipment Chart no:3.5
Frequency of the Training programme Table no:3.6
S.no
Training programme
Frequency
Percentage
1
Monthly
34
22.7
2
Quartly
39
26
3
Half early
47
31.3
4
Annually
30
20
Total
150
100
INTERPRETATION: The above table indicates 22.7 percentages of the respondents says that every month the training on safety and first-aid programme is conducted, 26 percentages of the respondents says that every quarter the training on safety and first-aid programme is conducted, 31.3 percentages of the respondents says that half yearly once the training on safety and first-aid programme is conducted, 20 percentages of the respondents says that annually once the training on safety and first-aid programme is conducted..
Frequency of the training programme Chart no:3.6
Conservancy in case of accidents Table no:3.7
S.no
Case of accidents
Frequency
Percentage
1
Loss of production
27
18
2
Disability of labour
94
62.7
3
Analysis of the causes
29
19.3
150
100
of accidents Total
INTERPRETATION: The above table indicates that 18 percentages of the respondents says loss of production, 62.7 percentages of the respondents says disability of labour and 19.3 percentages of the respondents says analysis of the causes of accidents will be the considerations of the management in the case of accidents.
Conservancy in case of accidents Chart no:3.7
Availability of Safety equipments Table no: 3.8
S.no
Availability of
frequency
percentage
equipment
1
Abundant
10
6.7
2
Sufficient
60
40
3
Good
48
32
4
lacking
32
21.3
Total
150
100
INTERPRETATION: The above table says that 6.7 percentages of the respondents says abundant, 40 percentages of the respondents says sufficient, 32 percentages of the respondents says good. 21.3 percentages of the respondents says lacking.
Availability of Safety equipments Chart no: 3.8
Remedial measures taken by organization Table no: 3.9
S.No.
Remedial Measures
Frequency
Percentage
1
Highly satisfied
23
15.3
2
satisfied
47
31.3
3
good
68
45.4
4
poor
12
8
Total
150
100
INTERPRETATION: The above table indicates 15.3 percentages of the respondents are highly satisfied, 31.3 percentages of the respondents are satisfied, 45.4 percentages of the respondents says good and 8 percentages of the respondents says poor regarding the remedial measures taken by the organization in case of accidents.
Remedial measures taken by organization Chart no: 3.9
Major causes of accidents Table no:3.10
S.no
Accidents
Frequency
Percentage
1
unsafe act of men
58
38.7
2
unsafe condition of
26
17.3
machines 3
unsafe environment
44
29.3
4
Improper
15
10
150
100
implementation of safety measures Total
INTERPRETATION:
The above table indicates 38.7 percentages of the respondents says unsafe act of men, 17.3 percentages of the respondents says unsafe condition of machines, 29.3 percentages of the
respondents says unsafe environment, 10 percentages of the
respondents says improper implementation of safety measures were the major causes of accidents.
Major causes of accidents Chart no:3.10
Experienced person doesn't need training Table no: 3.11
S.no
Experienced doesn‟t
Frequency
Percentage
need training 1
Yes
59
39.3
2
No
91
60.7
Total
150
100
INTERPRETATION: The above table indicates 39.3 percentages of the respondents agrees that the experienced person doesn‟t need training on safety and 60.7 percentages of the respondents oppose it.
Experienced person doesn't need training Chart no: 3.11
Diseases affect you in work environment Table no:3.12
S.no
Disease affect by work
frequency
Percentage
environment 1
Skin disease
68
45.3
2
Ear disease
37
24.7
3
Eye disease
20
13.3
4
Others
25
16.7
Total
150
100
INTERPRETATION: The above table indicates 45.3 percentages of the respondents affected by Skin diaease. 24.7 percentages of the respondents affected by skin diseases, 13.3 percentages of the respondents gets eye affection and 16.7 percentages of the respondents gets affected with other types of diseases such as ear problems.
Diseases affect you in work environment Chart no:3.12
Frequency of Accidents happening Table 3.13 S.no
Frequency of accident
Frequency
percentage
1
Monthly
29
19.3
2
Quartly
38
25.3
3
Half yearly
19
12.7
4
annually
64
42.7
Total
150
100
INTERPRETATION: The above table indicates 19.3 percentages of the respondents says every month, 25.3 percentages of the respondents says every quarter, 12.7 percentages of the respondents says half yearly once and 42.7 percentages of the respondents says annually once the accidents are happening in their department.
Frequency of Accidents happening Chart 3.13
Severity of Accidents caused Table no:3.14 s.no
Severity of accident
Frequency
Percentage
1
Major
53
35.3
2
Minor
42
28
3
Fatal
24
16
4
disability
31
20.7
Total
150
100
INTERPRETATION: The above table indicates 35.3 percentages of the respondents says major, 28 percentages of the respondents says minor, 16 percentages of the respondents says fatal, 20.7 percentages of the respondents says disability regarding the severity of the accidents.
Severity of Accidents caused Chart no:3.14
Causes of great disturbance in work environment Table no:3.15
S.no
Causes of great
Frequency
Percentage
disturbance in work environment 1
Air pollution
59
39.3
2
Noise pollution
45
30
3
Water pollution
29
19.3
4
All the above
17
11.4
Total
150
100
INTERPRETATION:
The above table indicates 39.3 percentages of the respondents says Noise pollution, 30 percentages of the respondents says Air pollution, 19.3 percentages of the respondents says water pollution and 11.4 percentages of the respondents says all the above as the great disturbance in their work environment.
Causes of great disturbance in work environment Chart no:3.15
Cotton content of Waste/Effluent Table no:3.16 s.no
Cotton content of
frequency
Percentage
waste 1
Highly harmful
12
8
2
Harmful
59
39.3
3
Permissible limit
44
29.3
4
Harmless
35
23.4
Total
150
100
INTERPRETATION: The above table indicates 8 percentages of the respondents says as highly harmful, 39.3 percentages of the respondents says as harmful, 29.3 percentages of the respondents says as permissible limit and 23.4 percentages of the respondents says as harmless regarding the chemical content of the waste/Effluent.
Cotton content of Waste/Effluent Chart no:3.16
Working conditions provided by organization are good Table no:3.17 s.no
Working condition in
Frequency
Percentage
the organization 1
Strongly agree
30
20
2
Agree
57
38
3
Strongly disagree
39
26
4
disagree
24
16
Total
150
100
INTERPRETATION: The above table indicates 20 percentages of the respondents strongly agree, 38 percentages of the respondents agree, 26 percentages of the respondents strongly disagree and 16 percentages of the respondents disagree.
Working conditions provided by organization are good Chart no:3.17
Safety measures in organization Table no:3.18
s.no
Safety measures in
Frequency
Percentage
organization
1
Highly satisfied
53
35.3
2
Good
30
20
3
Average
39
26.0
4
poor
28
18.7
Total
150
100
INTERPRETATION: The above table indicates 35.3 percentages of the respondents are very much satisfied, 20 percentages of the respondents are satisfied, 26 percentages of the respondents are dissatisfied and 18.7 percentages of the respondents are very much dissatisfied.
Safety measures in organization Table no:3.18
Organization provide training on safety and first aid measure Table no:3.19 S.no
Organization provides training on safety and safety and first aid measure
Frequency
Percentage
1
yes
94
62.7
2
no
56
37.3
Total
150
100
INTERPRETATION: The above table indicates 62.7 percentage of respondents says the organization have first aid measure and remains 37.3 percentage of respondents says the organization doesn‟t have the first aid measure
Organization provide training on safety and first aid measure Chart no:3.19
Safety Training Table no:3.20 S.no
Safety training based on the effectiveness
Frequency
Percentage
1
Class room
22
14.7
2
On the job
56
37.3
3
P.P.T
42
28
4
Audio visual
30
20
Total
150
100
INTERPRETATION The above table indicates the 14.7 percentage of respondents says that the organization giving training by class room and 37.3 percentage of respondent says training provided by on the job and 28 percentage of respondent says training provided by PPT and 20 percentage of respondents says training giving by class room
Safety Training Chart no:3.20
Accident departments Table no:3.21 s.no
Department which is prone to accident
Frequency
Percentage
1
Mixing
22
14.6
2
Blow room
34
22.7
3
Carding
25
16.7
4
Comber
69
46
Total
150
100
INTERPRETATION: The above table indicates the 14.6 percentage of respondent says accident came from mixing department and 22.7 percentage of respondent says accident occurred in blow room only and 16.7 percentage of respondent says accident occurred in carding department and remaining 46 percentage of respondent says accident occurred comber department
Accident departments Chart no:3.21
Method will improve the safety measure inside the organization Table no:3.22 S.no
Method will improve the safety measure inside the organization
Frequency
Percentage
1
Poster
35
23.3
2
slogans
24
16
3
Wearing safety equipment
40
22.7
4
Above all
57
38
Total
150
100
INTERPRETATION: The above table indicates the 23.3 percentage respondents says the organization providing safety measure by wearing safety equipment and 16 percentage respondents says safety method by slogans and 22.7 percentage of respondent says safety method given by slogans and remaining 38 percentage of respondent says safety method given by above all.
Method will improve the safety measure inside the organization Chart no:3.22
Facilities in the organization Table no:3.23 S.no
Facilities in the organization
Frequency
Percentage
1
First aid facility
57
38
2
Safety training facility
47
31.3
3
Machines availability
20
13.3
4
work environment
26
17.3
Total
150
100
INTERPRETATION: The table indicate the 38 percentage of respondent says the organization have first aid facility and 31.3 percentage of respondent says the organization have safety training facility and 13.3 percentage of respondent says the organization have efficient machines and the remaining 17.3 percentage of respondent says the organization have good environment.
Facilities in the organization Chart no:3.23
Chi-Square Analysis of Training on Safety & First-aid and Met with accidents Null Hypothesis: HO – There is no significant relationship between the training on first aid and occuarce at accidents.
OBSERVED FREQUENCY Training of safety and first aid
Met with any accident
Total
Yes
No
Yes
36
21
57
No
58
35
93
Total
94
56
150
CHI- SQUARE ANALYSIS S.no
Observed frequency
Expected frequency
O-E
(O-E)2
(O-E)2/E
1
36
35.72
0.28
0.0784
0.002195
2
21
21.28
-0.28
0.0784
0.003684
3
58
58.28
-0.28
0.0784
0.001345
4
35
34.72
0.28
0.784
0.002258
Calculated chi-square value
DEGREES OF FREEDOM: =(m-1) * (n-1)
=(2-1) * (2-1)
=1*1
=1
0.009482
Tabulated value of degrees of freedom (1) @ 5% level of significance = 3.841 The Calculated value < The Tabulated value. Therefore H0 is accepted.
INFERENCE There is no significant difference between the training on safety and first aid and employees meet with accidents.
Chi-Square Analysis of Providing personal protective equipments and Methods to improve safety measures
Null Hypothesis: HO – There is no relationship between protective measure and safety.
OBSERVED FREQUENCY Providing personal productive equipment
Methods to improve safety Poster
Slogans
Total
Wearing
Above
safety
all
equipments Yes
18
19
22
49
106
No
17
5
12
10
44
Total
35
24
34
57
150
CHI- SQUARE ANALYSIS
S.no
Observed
Expected
(O-E)
(O-E)2
(O-E)^2/E
frequency(O)
frequency(E)
1
18
24.73333
-6.73333
45.33778
1.833064
2
19
16.96
2.04
4.1616
0.245377
3
22
24.02667
-2.20667
4.107378
0.170951
4
47
40.28
6.72
45.1584
1.121112
5
17
10.26667
6.73333
45.33778
4.416017
6
5
7.04
-2.04
4.1616
0.591136
7
12
9.97333
2.026667
4.107378
0.411836
8
10
16.72
-6.72
45.1584
2.700861
Total
150
150
11.490354
DEGREES OF FREEDOM =(m-1) * (n-1) =(2-1) * (2-1) =1*1 =1 Tabulated value of degrees of freedom (1) @ 5% level of significance = 3.841 The Calculated value < The Tabulated value. Therefore H0 is accepted.
INFERENCE The above table indicates the various facilities provided by the organization to the workers. According to the opinion, given by the workers all like slogan, posters and equipment used to improve the safety measure in the organization.
CHAPTER – IV FINDINGS OF THE STUDY
The most significant findings of the study are the high level of awareness about the various available safety measures among all the classes of the respondents.
50 percentages of the employees lies above the age of 50 and their experience in This organization is found to be above 20 years.
The training on safety and first aid are given to 70 percentages of the respondents. The management‟s conservancy in the case of accidents lies on the disability of the labors and also the respondents are satisfied with the remedial measures taken by the organization.
59 percentages of the respondents says that the air pollution is the major disturbance
in their work atmosphere and the chemical content of the
waste/Effluent are of permissible limits.
The skin disease is the major disease which affects the most of the workers working inside the organization.45.3 percentage of respondents affected by the skin disease.
Building and machinery not built safety. All the building and machinery are old and there is lot of danger of human life or safety. And 49 percentage of respondents says this organization have old machines it may affect the employee those who are working without wearing safety equipment.
Above 80 percentages of the respondents feels that all the employees must be given proper training on safety and first aid.
From the chi-square analysis one, it is found that there is no significant relationship between the training on first aid provided by the organization and employees met with any accidents.
From the chi-square analysis it is found that providing personal protective equipments is one the methods to improve the safety inside the organization.
SUGGESTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS The organization should provide sufficient personal protective equipments to employees working in all the departments. Every fatal accident should thoroughly be enquired into and given wide publicity among workers. The Organization should arrange for the medical check- ups at regular period of time. If the Organization follows material handling principles and the machines are guarded properly there is a chance to reduce majority accidents happening inside their organization. The factory inspectorate should advise and assist employers in drawing up induction and training programme in safety. Workers reluctance to use safety equipment either because it is inconvenient or because it has been used by others should be removed through education. Analyzing each accident and including what safety practice was violated. Management must come forward to reward the department which considerably reduced the number of accidents in addition to some financial incentive etc. The using of exhaust fans will reduce the steam inside the weaving preparatory department.
CONCLUSION The Study on Industrial Safety Management in RENUGA MILLS AND TEXTILES,THENI
tells that most of the employees are dissatisfied with the safety
management practiced inside the organization. The organization has to concentrate more on safety measures and can provide safety equipments like shoes, masks, etc., to improve the safety inside the organization.
The safety training must be given properly and compulsorily to avoid accidents inside the organization. The first aid training must be given to both the labour and supervisors who are working in various departments. This will improve the safety of the organization.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Khanka, S.S., Human Resource Management (Text & Cases), New Delhi, S. Chand & Company Ltd., 2003. Kharbanda, V.K., Commentaries on The Factories Act, 1948, Allahabad, Law Publishing House, 1996. Kothari C.R., Research methodology, Tata Mc Graw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd., 1982. Websites www.safety.com www.renuga.renuga.in
A STUDY ON INDUSTRAIL SAFETY MEASURE IN RENUGA MILES AND TEXTILES,THENI QUESTIONNAIRE
1) Name: _______________________________
Code No.: _____________
2) Designation: __________________________
Dept.:_________________
3) Age A)20-30
b) 31 – 40 yrs
b) 41 – 50 yrs.
c) 51 – 60 yrs
4)Experience b) 10 – 20 yrs.
a) Below 10 yrs.
c) 20 – 30 yrs.
d) Above 30yrs
5)What is your opinion regarding safety measures in your work spot? a) Very much satisfied
b) satisfied
c) Dissatisfied
d) Very much dissatisfied
6)Whether the organization is providing any personal protective equipment? If yes specify, a) Yes
b) No
Specify ____________
7) Whether the organization provides you training on safety & first-aid measures? a) Yes
b) No
8) How frequent the safety & first-aid training programme is conducted? a) Monthly b) Quarterly
c) Half yearly
d) Annually
9) Which of the following is the major consideration in case of accidents by the conservancy?
a) Loss of Production b) Loss of materials c) Disability of labour d) Analysis of the Causes of Accident
10) Rank the following safety training, based on their effectiveness? a) Class room
b) On the job
c) P.P.T
d) Audio-visual
11) The availability of safety equipments in your organization is a) Abundant
b) Sufficient
c) Good
d) Lacking
12) The remedial measures taken by the organization in case of accidents are a) Highly satisfactory
b) Satisfactory
c) Good
d) Poor
13) What is the major cause of an accident? a) Unsafe act of men
b) Unsafe condition of machines
c) Unsafe environment
d) Improper implementation of safety measures
14) which department is prone to accident? a) mixing
b) blow room
c)carding
d)comber
d)drawing
15) whether the organization providing any first aid in case of accident? a) yes
b)no
16) Which of the following methods will improve the safety measures inside the organization? a) Posters
b) Slogans
c) Wearing safety equipments
d) above all
17) Do you think that the experienced person doesn‟t need training on safety measures? a) Yes
b) No
18) Which of the following disease affects you in your work environment? a) ear disease
b) Skin disease
c) Eye affection
d) Others
19) How frequent the accidents are happening in your department? a) Monthly
b) Quarterly
c) Half yearly
d) Annually
20) The severity of the accidents caused in your department is a) Major
b) Minor
21) Which of the following causes great disturbance in your work environment? a) Noise Pollution
b) Air Pollution c) Water Pollution d)All the above
22) The Chemical content of the Waste/Effluent are a) Highly Harmful
b) Harmful
c) Permissible limit
d) Harmless
23) The working environment of the organization is good a) yes
b)no
24) Rate the following facilities in your organization? Factor
Excellent
Very good
Good
Fair
First aid facility Safety training facility Machines/tools availability Work environment
25) Considering the above answers the safety measures in your organization are a) excellent
b)satisfied
c)average
d)poor
Poor