Sociological Foundation Of Education: Prepared By

SOCIOLOGICAL FOUNDATION OF EDUCATION Prepared By: REGINE EMERALD B DELA CRUZ, RN

Society • Is an organized group of people.

• The people occupy a portion of territory • The people show a district and continuous way of life, with a comprehensive culture • The people perpetuate their group by sexual reproduction • The people think of themselves as a district group who common sentiments and loyalties, an esprit de corps; and, • The individual, under certain circumstances, sacrifices himself for the good of the group.

Social Stratification • It is a division of a society into different hierarchical classes of people according to certain criteria. • The scale of division is from the highest to lowest class.

Social Stratification in the Philippines • Classification is loose and based merely on the general perceptions of the people. • The classes do not have any district nor clear-cut divisions.

• The people are merely divided according to the socio-economic criteria which were having any definite limits boundaries.

Social Status • It is the social class to which one belongs.

• It is the class into which his socio-economic standing fits.

Two Types of Social Status • Ascribed Status ▫ is the class into which one is born.

• Achieved Status ▫ earned or acquired by means of a talent and effortmaking capacity of an individual or by force of circumstances.

Determinants of Social Status or Class • Occupational and Income Scale

• Education • House Type • Dwelling Area

Social Mobility • It is the case by which people move from one social class to another. • In the Philippines, since there is no law impeding the changing of one’s social class, there are several opportunities of improving one’s social class.

• By effort-making ▫ By obtaining an education ▫ By exploiting a talent

• By hard work and resourcefulness ▫ By force of circumstances ▫ By marriage ▫ By just being lucky

• Status Symbols ▫ Certain things are considered indicators of the social class to which one belongs.

• Role ▫ It is a function or duty that an individual has to perform on account of his position in society

Two Types of Role • Obligatory Role ▫ is assign to a person because of the nature of his position

• Cultural Role ▫ function or duty assigned to an individual by culture or custom.

Effects of Social Stratification on Learning • Children belonging to a poor disadvantaged family do not aspire much for higher education. • Children coming from lower class families have very little exposure to the influence of mass media such as newspapers, magazines, books and other learning materials, radio and television.

• In most cases, the educational attainment of a child matches the socio-economic status of his family. However, in the Philippines, more and more children coming from lower class families are attaining higher education.

Social Groups • The presence of social groupings in any society is unavoidable. • It is the nature of men to live in groups. • People often group themselves in many different occasions and circumstances.

Two Principal Reasons Why Men Tend To Group • Gregariousness ▫ the tendency of men to be in the company of other men. They simply love to be together and do things together.

• Necessity ▫ force men to group themselves to do things which one man alone cannot do.

Two General Type of Groups • Involuntary Groups ▫ those groups into which the members are born. ▫ the members have no other choice but to be members of the group they are born into whether they like it or not.

• Voluntary Associations or Groups

▫ the individual can choose the group to which he wants to belong.

• Play Groups

▫ composed of children living in the same neighborhood.

• Peer Groups

▫ formed by adolescents. ▫ usually called barkadas are good but some turn into gangs with anti-social tendencies.

• Work Groups

▫ formed by persons working in the same place or establishment such as construction workers, factory workers, office workers, or performing the same type of work such as farmers, teachers, doctors, etc.

• Schools Groups ▫ are set up for educational purposes and children flocked to them and form groups, school groups.

• Church Groups ▫ people who have the same religious beliefs and practices group themselves together and form a church.

• Purposive Voluntary Associations ▫ these associations are organized for certain purpose/s. They have aims and objectives to attain. Some of the aims are for recreation, some are for athletics, charity, civics, brotherhood, or purely social. Some others are for professional growth.

General Function and Advantages of Social Group • Education ▫ acquired not only from a formal school system but from the community as well. ▫ any member of the group is a teacher and learner at the same time.

• Protection ▫ especially true among tribal groups. ▫ people of a tribe usually unite or join together to ward of the instructions of other tribes or to fight off fierce animals.

• Perpetuation of the Race ▫ function of the family by sexual reproduction and rearing of the youth, the perpetuation of the race insured.

• Social Control ▫ very potent power for social control ▫ social approval for a good act is generally a strong motivation for individuals to act properly while a social disapproval for a bad act improperly.

• Ideology ▫ kind of governmental structure or administration and they group together to fight for their ideology. ▫ they form a political party and work for the election of their candidates.

• Redress of Grievances ▫ some people may feel that they have been deprived of certain rights and privileges and they gather together and stage rally or rallies.

• Charity • who have a soft heart for the disadvantaged and underprivileged. They organized and pool their resources to be able to help those in distress.

• Recreation ▫ People who feels the drudgery of their work or life itself

• Religion ▫ the most important function of the church is the salvation of the soul. ▫ also serves as a means of social control.

•Expression of Talents- Groups and events are often organized to provide channel for the expression of special talents. •Professional Enhancement- Those in the professions form association for the purpose of professional enhancement •Purely Social- Interactions there are gatherings the only purpose of which is purely social interaction. Birthday parties, baptismal parties, and wedding annivers

• Expression of Talents ▫ groups and events are often organized to provide channel for the expression of special talents.

• Professional Enhancement ▫ those in the professions form association for the purpose of professional enhancement

• • Purely Social ▫ Interactions there are gatherings the only purpose of which is purely social interaction.