111653824 7 A Parliament Of Indpia

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Indian democracy is based on the Westminster model (British model of democracy i s referred to as the Westminster model) where the importance of Parliament in th e political system is central. Art. 79 says that there shall be a Parliament for the Union which shall consist of the President and two Houses to be known as th e Rajya Sabha or the federal chamber or Council of States or Upper House and the Lok Sabha or the popular chamber or Lower House or House of the People. To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

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It is the federal house representing the States. Maximum strength (sanctioned st rength) of Rajya Sabha is two hundred and fifty (250), of which 238 are to be el ected and 12 are nominated by the President of India. The actual strength of Raj ya Sabha is two hundred and forty five (245), of which 233 are elected and 12 ar e nominated by the President. The allocation of seats in Rajya Sabha is containe d in the Fourth Schedule to the Constitution. The elected members of the (233 Me mbers) Rajya Sabha are elected by the elected members of the Assemblies of State s and the two Union Territories of Delhi and Puducheri in accordance with the sy stem of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote. Click Here

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Eligibility A candidate for election to Rajya Sabha: www.upscportal.com

Should be a citizen of India Above 30 years of age and Possessing such other qua lifications as may be prescribed by law of Parliament Rajya Sabha is not subject to dissolution One-third of its members retire every two years. Thus, it is a permanent body. N ormally a member is elected for six years but a member elected against a mid-ter m vacancy (casual vacancy), serves only for the remaining period. © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

Chairman of the Rajya Sabha www.upscportal.com The Vice-President is the ex-officio Chairman of Rajya Sabha (Art.64). As the Pr esiding Officer, the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha is the guardian of the prestige and dignity of the House. He safeguards the privileges and immunities of the me mbers individually and the House collectively. He issues warrants to execute the orders of the House, where necessary. For example, to punish any one who commit s contempt of House. The Chairman‟s rulings cannot be questioned or criticised and to protest against - the ruling of the Chairman is a contempt of the House and the Chairman.

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www.upscportal.com The Deputy Chairman is elected by the members of Rajya Sabha from among themselv es. While the office of Chairman is vacant, or during any period when the VicePr esident is acting as, or discharging the functions of the President, the duties of the office of the Chairman are performed by the Deputy Chairman. © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

www.upscportal.com When the offices of both the Chairman and the Deputy Chairman are vacant, the du ties of the office of the Chairman are performed by such member of the Rajya Sab ha as the President may appoint for the purpose (Art.91) The member so appointed is known as the Chairman protem. Casting vote is the vote cast to break a tie when there is equality of votes. Un der the Constitution, the Chairman exercises only a casting vote in the case of equality of votes. To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM

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It is the permanent House and so has benefits like it can ratify proclamation of Emergency when the Lok Sabha is not in session and cannot be called into sessio n immediately. It means the proclamation can continue. Constitution can not be a mended unless Rajya Sabha, sitting independently of the Lok Sabha passes the Bil l. That is, there is no joint session in case of deadlock. Thus, the national an d states‟ interests are protected. It has 12 nominated members who add to the qual ity of parliamentary proceedings and policy making. It enables law making to bec ome more sober when the representatives of the people are carried away by emotio nal issues. To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

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Lok Sabha is composed of representatives of the people chosen by direct election on the basis of universal adult suffrage. The maximum strength of the House env isaged by the Constitution is 552-upto 530 members to represent the States, up t o 20 members to represent the Union Territories and not more than two members of the Anglo-Indian Community to be nominated by the President, if, in his opinion , the community is not adequately represented in the House. © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

www.upscportal.com Lok Sabha elects one of its own members as its Presiding Officer and he is calle d the Speaker. He is assisted by the Deputy Speaker who is also elected by Lok S abha, The conduct of business in Lok Sabha is the responsibility of the Speaker. The Speaker protem (sworn in by the President to swear in the newly elected mem bers of House) presides over the sitting in which the Speaker is elected, if it is a newly constituted House. If the election falls later in the life of a Lok S abha the Deputy Speaker presides. © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

www.upscportal.com The Speaker holds office from the date of his election till, immediately before the first meeting of the Lok Sabha which is newly constituted after the dissolut ion of the one to which he was elected. He is eligible for re-election Resignation The Speaker may, at any time resign from office by writing under his hand to the Deputy Speaker. Removal The Speaker can be removed from office only on a resolution of the House passed by a majority of all the then members of the House. It is mandatory to give a mi nimum of 14 days notice of the intention to move the resolution. © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

www.upscportal.com Under the Constitution, the Speaker enjoys a special position He certifies Money Bills and is final (Art. 110) Presides over joint sittings which are summoned t o resolve a disagreement between the two Houses Decides on granting recognition to the Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha Following the 52nd Constitution amendment 1985, the Speaker is vested with the power relating to the disqualifi cation of a member of the Lok Sabha on grounds of defection. © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

www.upscportal.com A motion is a proposal for eliciting decision or expressing the opinion of the h ouse on a matter of public importance. Every question to be decided by the House must be proposed as „Motion‟. Motions fall into three principal categories: Substantive Motions

Substitute Motions

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Subsidiary Motions.

www.upscportal.com A Resolution is a procedural means to initiate a discussion on any matters of ge neral public interest. A Resolution is actually a Substantive Motion.

All Resolutions fall in the category of Substantive Motions. But all motions nee d not necessarily be substantive. Further, all motions are not necessarily put t o vote of the House, whereas all the resolutions are required to be voted upon. For example, the resolution to impeach the President of India.

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The Constitution requires the laying of a number of papers on the Table in both the Houses, notably amongst them are the Budget, supplementary demands for grant s, Ordinances and Proclamations issued by the President, reports of Constitution al and statutory functionaries such as the Comptroller and Auditor-General, the Finance Commission, the Commissioners for the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tri bes, the Backward Classes Commission, the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities and the Union Finance Commission Both Houses also participate in matters of ele ctions of the President and the Vice-President Both participate in impeachment o f the President, a Judge of the Supreme Court or of a High Court and CAG To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

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www.upscportal.com The following are the differences: Members of Lok Sabha are directly elected on the basis of universal adult franch ise. Members of Rajya Sabha are elected by the elected members of State Assembli es in accordance with the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote The normal life of every Lok Sabha is 5 years while Raj ya Sabha is a permanent body Rajya Sabha has a nominated component- 12 members o f intelligentsia-which Lok Sabha does not have To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

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A session is the period of time between the meeting of a Parliament and its pror ogation.

Normally Parliament meets, in three sessions in a year, namely Budget session in the months of February-March, April and May; Monsoon session in the months of J ulyAugust and Winter session in the months of NovemberDecember. © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

www.upscportal.com All business pending before Lok Sabha lapses on its dissolution. However, the di ssolution of LS also affects the business pending before the Rajya Sabha to a ce rtain extent, as indicated below: Bill pending in the Rajya Sabha which has not been passed by the Lok Sabha shall not lapse Bill which is pending in the Lok Sabha lapses Bill passed by the Lok Sabha and is pending in the Rajya Sabha lapses

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Under Article 108(5), a Joint Sitting of both Houses to resolve a deadlock on a Bill will be held notwithstanding the fact that dissolution of the Lok Sabha has intervened since the President has notified his intention to summon the Houses to meet in a Joint Sitting etc.

The „Annual Financial Statement‟, laid before both the Houses of Parliament constitu tes the Budget of the Union Government. The President is responsible for having the Budget presented to the Lok Sabha (Art. 112). © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

www.upscportal.com In Parliament, the budget goes through five stages:

Presentation of budget with Finance Minister‟s speech General discussion, after which there is adjournment of the Houses so that the S tanding Committees can scrutinize the demands for grants for a month Voting on d emand for grants in Lok Sabha Passing of appropriation bills

Passing of finance bill. © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

www.upscportal.com “Vote on Account” by which Government obtains the Vote of Parliament for a sum suffi cient to incur expenditure on various items for a part of the year (Art. 116). I t is generally 2 months worth of expenditure. But during election year, the Vote on Account may be for a period exceeding two months- normally four months. © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

www.upscportal.com Motions for reduction to various Demands for Grants are made in the form of Cut Motions seeking to reduce the sums sought by Government on grounds of Economy or Difference of opinion on matters of policy or To voice a grievance. © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

www.upscportal.com They are contained in Art. 117. There are two types: Financial Bill which is a B ill in which there are provisions related to a Money Bill but also those of an o rdinary Bill. It has two features in common with the Money Bill: President‟s prior recommendations is necessary and It can be introduced only in the Lok Sabha © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

www.upscportal.com Bills which exclusively contain provisions for: The imposition, abolition, remission, alteration or regulation of any tax, The r egulation of the borrowing of money or the giving of any guarantee by the Govern ment of India, The custody of the Consolidated Fund or the Contingency Fund of I ndia, the payment of moneys into or the withdrawal of moneys from any such Fund

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The fund constituted under Article 266 (1) of the Constitution of India into whi ch all receipts, revenues and loans flow. All expenditure from the CFI is by app ropriation Bill.

Parliament has by law established a Contingency Fund placed he President to enable advances to be made by him out of it eeting unforeseen expenditure pending authorisation of such ament by Law (Art. 267). Earlier contingency fund was of Rs ently raised to Rs 500 crore by parliament. To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM

at the disposal of t for the purpose of m expenditure by Parli 50 Crore but was rec

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No-Confidence Motion An adjournment motion is moved to discuss a matter of urgent public importance a nd is available only in Lok Sabha and not in Rajya Sabha as it means severe crit icism of the Government and is used to express dissatisfaction with the Governme nt policies. Speaker‟s consent is necessary for moving the motion. The opposition parties have an instrument in the form of „no confidence motion‟ to remove the Gover nment. The procedure for the NCM is not a part of the Constitution but is given in the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business of Lok Sabha. © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

www.upscportal.com Censure motion can be moved only in Lok Sabha under Rule 184. Speaker can disall ow a censure motion. Grounds need to be mentioned unlike the NCM. It can be move d against an individual minister or a group of ministers unlike the NCM. © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

www.upscportal.com The first hour of every sitting of Lok Sabha is called the Question hour. Questi ons are of three types Starred Unstarred and Short Notice © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

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A Starred Question is one to which a member wants an oral answer in the House an d which is distinguished by an asterisk mark. To a starred question, members can put supplementaries because the Minister is orally answering the question. An unstarred Question is one which is answered in writing and no supplementary q uestions can be asked. Minimum period of notice for starred / unstarred question is 10 clear days (that‟s, excluding holidays). © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

www.upscportal.com They do not require the normal period of notice of 10 days. They relate to matte rs of urgent public importance. A Short Notice Question may only be admitted if permitted by the Speaker. A Short Notice Question is taken tip for answer immedi ately after the Question Hour. © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

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Under Rule 377 of the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in the Lok Sabh a members are allowed to raise matters which are not points of order or which ca nnot be raised under any other Rule. The Constitution of India envisages, a mech anism for resolving disagreement between the two Houses in respect of a Bill, ot her than a Money Bill or a Constitution Amendment Bill. When any other Bill is d eadlocked, the President may, unless the Bill has lapsed by reason of dissolutio n of the Lok Sabha, notify to the Houses by message, if they are sitting, or by public notification, if they are not sitting, his intention to summon them to me et in a joint sitting for the purpose of deliberating and voting on the Bill. To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM

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If at a joint sitting, the Bill referred to it, with such amendments, if any, as are agree in the joint sitting, is passed by a majority of the total number of members of both Houses present and voting, it is deemed to have been passed by b oth Houses. At a joint sitting no amendment can be proposed to the Bill, other t han such amendments, if any, as become necessary by the delay in its passage and such other amendments as relate to matters with respect to which the Houses hav e no agreed in their individual capacity.

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The Committee on Public Accounts is constituted by Parliament each year for exam ination of accounts showing the appropriation of sums granted by Parliament for expenditure of Government of India. The Committee consists of not more than 22 m embers comprising 15 members elected by Lok Sabha every year from amongst its me mbers according to the principle of proportional representation by means of sing le transferable vote and not more than 7 members of Rajya Sabha elected by that House in like manner are associated with the Committee. The Chairman is appointe d by the Speaker from amongst its members. To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

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www.upscportal.com The Appropriation Accounts relating to the Railways, Defence Services, P&T Depar tment and other Civil Ministries of the Government of India and Reports of the C omptroller and Auditor General of India mainly form the basis of the deliberatio n of the Committee. In scrutinising the Appropriation Accounts and the Reports o f the Comptroller and Auditor General, it is the duty of the Committee to satisf y itself: That the money shown in the accounts as having been disbursed were legally avail able for and, applicable to the service or purpose to which they have been grant ed That the expenditure conforms to the authority which governs it; and To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

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that every re-appropriation has been made in accordance with the provisions made in this behalf under rules framed by competent authority. © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

www.upscportal.com 2008 Q. Which one of the following is the largest (area wise) Lok Sabha constituency? (a) Kangra (b) Ladakh (c) Kachchh (d) Bhilwara Q. Consider the following statements: The Constitution of India provides that 1. the Legislative Assembly of each State shall consist of not more than 450 membe rs chosen by direct election from territorial constituencies in the State 2. a p erson shall not be qualified to be chosen to fill a seat in the Legislative Asse mbly of a State if he/she is less than 25 years of age Which of the statements g iven above is/are correct? (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

2009 (a) (b) (c) (d) Prime Minister‟s Office Cabinet Secretariat Ministry of Power Mini stry of Science and Technology www.upscportal.com Q. Under the administration of which one of the following is the Department of A tomic Energy? Q. In India, who is the Chairman of the National Water Resources Council? (a) Pr ime Minister (b) Minister of Water Resources (c) Minister of Environment and For ests (d) Minister of Science and Technology © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

Q. With reference to Union Government, consider the following statements: 1. The Constitution of India provides that all Cabinet Ministers shall be compulsorily the sitting members of Lok Sabha only. 2. The Union Cabinet Secretariat operate s under the direction of the Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs. Which of the sta tements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) N either 1 nor 2 www.upscportal.com Q. With reference to Union Government, consider the following statements: 1. The number of Ministries at the Centre on 15th August 1947 was 18. 2. The number of Ministries at the Centre at present is 36. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 only (b) 2 only (c) Both 1 and 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

2010 www.upscportal.com Q. Which one of the following is responsible for the preparation and presentatio n of Union Budget to the Parliament? (a) Department of Revenue (b) Department of Economic Affairs (c) Department of Financial Services (d) Department of Expendi ture 2011 Q. All revenues received by the Union. Government by way of taxes and other rece ipts for the conduct of Government business are credited to the (a) Contingency Fund of India (b) Public Account (c) Consolidated Fund of India (d) Deposits and Advances Fund © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

2012 www.upscportal.com Q. Which of the following are the methods of Parliamentary control over public f inance in India? 1. Placing Annual Financial Statement before the Parliament 2. Withdrawal of moneys from Consolidated Fund of India only after passing the Appr opria-tion Bill 3. Provisions of supplementary grants and vote-onaccount 4. A pe riodic or at least a mid-year review of programme of the Government against macr oeconomic forecast and expenditure by a Parliamentary Budget Office 5. Introduci ng Finance Bill in the Parliament Select the correct answer using the codes given below: (a) 1, 2, 3 and 5 only (b ) 1, 2, and 4 only (c) 3, 4 and 5 only (d) 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

Q. The Prime Minister of India, at the time of his/her appointment (a) need not necessarily be a member of one of the Houses of the Parliament but must become a member of one of the Houses within six months (b) need not necessarily be a mem ber of one of the Houses of the Parliament but must become a member of the Lok S abha within six months (c) must be a member of one of the Houses of the Parliame nt (d) must be a member of the Lok Sabha Q. A deadlock between the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha calls for a joint sitting of the Parliament during the passage of 1. Ordinary Legislation 2. Money Bill 3. Constitution Amendment Bill Select t he correct answer codes given below: (a) 1 only (c) 1 and 3 only (b) 2 and 3 onl y (d) 1, 2 and 3 To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch www.upscportal.com © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM Click Here

Q. In the Parliament of India, the purpose of an adjournment motion is (a) to al low a discussion on a definite matter of urgent public importance (b) to let opp osition members collect information from the ministers (c) to allow a reduction of specific amount in demand for grant (d) to postpone the proceedings to check the inappropriate or violent behaviour on the part of some members Q. Regarding the office of the Lok Sabha Speaker, consider the following stateme nts: www.upscportal.com 1. He/She holds the office during the pleasure of the President. 2. He/She need not be a member of the House at the time of his/her election but has to become a member of the House within six months from the date of his/her election. 3. If he/she intends to resign, the letter of his/her resignation has to be addressed to the Deputy Speaker Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 and 2 only (c) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 3 only (d) None © 2013 UPSCPORTAL .COM To Join Free Coaching for our Next Batch Click Here

www.upscportal.com Dear Participants, This whole free Online Coaching Material is available in printed copyStudy Notes of G.S. Paper 1 for Civil Services Preliminary Examination 2013 will cover :-

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