200- Questions On Ror With Answers

200+ questions on the ColRegs

Part A - General: 1.

Who do these Rules apply to? All vessels upon the high seas and in all waters connected, thereby navigable by sea-going vessels.

2.

Where do these Rules apply? Upon the high seas and in all waters connected, thereby navigable by sea-going vessels.

3.

When do these Rules apply? At all times.

4.

When do the Rules concerning lights apply? From sunset to sunrise and at all other times when considered necessary (restricted vis.).

5.

When do the Rules concerning shapes apply? From sunrise to sunset.

6.

Can an appropriate authority for roadsteads, rivers, lakes or inland waterways connected with the highs seas make special rules? Yes they may.

7.

If so, should the special rules be similar to the International Collision Rules? They should be similar to the ColRegs.

8.

Can a Government require warships or vessels proceeding under convoy to exhibit or make additional station or signal lights, shapes or whistle signals? Yes they may.

9.

If so, should these signals be similar to any authorised under the International Collision Regulations? They should not be confused for any signal authorised under the ColRegs.

10.

Can a Government require fishing vessels engaged in fishing as a fleet, to exhibit additional station or signal lights or shapes? Yes they can.

11.

If so, should these signals be similar to any authorised under the International Collision Regulations? They should not be confused with any signal authorised under the ColRegs.

12.

When interpreting and complying with the International Collision Rules due regard is required to be paid to what...........? All the dangers of navigation and the limitations of the craft involved that may make a departure from the ColRegs necessary to avoid immediate danger.

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200+ questions on the ColRegs

13.

Define the following: Vessel; Includes any description of watercraft including non-displacement craft, seaplanes and wing in ground craft, used or capable of being used as a means of transportation on the water. Power-driven vessel; Any vessel propelled by machinery. Sailing vessel; Any vessel under sail, provided that propelling machinery, if fitted, is not being used. Vessel engaged in fishing; Vessel fishing with nets, lines, trawls or other apparatus that restricts manoeuvrability but does not include fishing with trolling lines or apparatus that does not restrict manoeuvrability. Seaplane; Any aircraft designed to manoeuvre on the water. Vessel not under command A vessel, which through some exceptional circumstance is unable to manoeuvre as required by these rules and is therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel. For example, if you had a steering gear failure or if the ship experienced a blackout. Vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre; A vessel which through the nature of her work is unable to manoeuvre as required by the rules and therefore unable to keep out of the way of another vessel Vessel constrained by her draft A power driven vessel which because of her draft in relation to the available depth and width of navigable water is unable to deviate from the course she is following Underway; Not fast to the shore, at anchor or aground (i.e. float free) Length and breadth; Length overall and greatest breadth In sight of; Vessels are considered to be in sight of one another only when one can be seen visually from the other (to observe another vessel on your radar does NOT mean that you are in sight of her) Restricted visibility;

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200+ questions on the ColRegs

Any condition in which visibility is restricted by for example; Fog, Mist, heavy rain, snow, sandstorm or similar (forget the camel dung fires at the edge of the dessert!) Wing-in-Ground (WIG) craft; Is a multi modal craft, which in its main mode of operation flies in close proximity to the surface, using surface effect action. 14.

Name six vessels that could be considered as being restricted in their ability to manoeuvre. A vessel engaged in laying, servicing or picking up a navigation mark, submarine cable or pipeline A vessel engaged in dredging, surveying or underwater operations A vessel engaged in replenishment or transferring persons or provisions whilst underway A vessel engaged in the launching or recovery of aircraft A vessel engaged in mine clearance operations A vessel engaged in a towing operation such as severely restricts the towing vessel and her tow in their ability to deviate from their course

Part B - Steering and Sailing Rules: 15.

When would you keep a lookout? At all times

16.

How would you keep a lookout? By sight and hearing and all available means appropriate to the circumstances and conditions (this would include radar and to a limited extend VHF

17.

Why would you keep a lookout? To see if a close quarters situation or risk of collision exists

18.

When would you go at a safe speed? At all times

19.

What do you think a safe speed is? This would be a speed whereby a vessel could take proper and effective action to avoid a collision and be stopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions

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200+ questions on the ColRegs

20.

What factors would you take into account when determining a safe speed? There are at least 12 that you should consider as follows: By all vessels: (V D Makes Little Willies Droop) the state of the (V)isibility the traffic (D)ensity including concentrations of fishing vessels or any other vessels the (M)anoeuvrability of the vessel with special reference to stopping distance and turning ability in the prevailing conditions at night the presence of background (L)ight, such as from shore lights or back scatter from her own lights the state of (W)ind, sea, current and the proximity of navigational hazards the (D)raft in relation to the available depth of water Additionally, by vessels fitted with radar: (Chinese Charlie eats pizza no more) the (C))haracteristics, efficiency and limitations of the equipment any (C))onstraints imposed by the radar range scale in use the (E)ffect on radar detection of the sea state, weather and other sources of interference the (P)ossibility that small vessels, ice or other floating objects may not be detected at an adequate range the (N)umber, location and movement of vessels detected by radar the (M)ore exact assessment of the visibility that may be possible when radar is used to determine the range of vessels in the vicinity

21.

Where would you find details on the manoeuvrability of your vessel? On the pilot card in the Wheelhouse

22.

What does the requirement of 'any constraints imposed by the radar range scale in use' mean? If you were, for whatever reason, limited to using the 3 mile range scale and you were doing 15 knots and another vessel ahead was approaching at 15 knots, it would only take 6 minutes for the target to move from the edge of the radar screen to collision. It would be unlikely that you would have sufficient time to detect, determine the situation and take action to avoid collision in that short time. Therefore you need more time and you can get this by slowing down.

23.

How would you know if risk of collision existed? If the bearing of an approaching vessel did not appreciably change.

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200+ questions on the ColRegs

24.

There may be an appreciable change of compass bearing and yet risk of collision may still exist. Explain. On approach to a tug and tow, a large vessel or any vessel close at hand, it is possible to observe an appreciable change in bearing and yet risk of collision may still exist.

25.

How would you use your radar to determine risk of collision? Plot

24.

How else may you use your radar to give yourself early warning of the possibility of risk of collision. Systematic observation of the other vessel by, for example, the ARPA

26.

What assumptions should you be careful of? Assumptions should never be made on the basis of scanty information, especially scanty radar information

27.

If you weren't sure in a given situation that risk of collision existed, how should you act? Assume it does and act accordingly

28.

Any action to avoid collision shall be taken in accordance with what …., and shall if the circumstances of the case admit, be what ....., made in what ......., and with due regard to what ......? in accordance with the rules of this Part, be positive, made in ample time and with due regard to the observance of good seamanship

29.

If there was plenty of sea-room, what do you think might be the most effective way of avoiding collision? An alteration of course alone

30.

How large an alteration of course or speed would you make? Large enough to be readily apparent to another vessel observing either visually or by radar

31.

What should you avoid doing? Making a succession of small alterations of course and/or speed

32.

How far off another vessel would you pass? A safe distance. If the Examiner presses you on this tell him 2.0 miles in confined waters and 5.0 miles in open seas

33.

How long would you continue to check that your action was having the desired effect? Until you are finally past and clear

34.

If necessary to give yourself more time to assess a situation or to avoid a collision, what should you do? Slow down or stop

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200+ questions on the ColRegs

35.

You have a vessel constrained by her draft two points on your port bow, about 5 miles away on a steady bearing, what should you do? Rule 18 requires that you don’t impede his passage. Sound two short blasts and alter course to port

36.

What side of a narrow channel would you keep to? Starboard

37.

What would you avoid doing in a narrow channel? Anchoring

38.

If you were approaching a bend in a narrow channel and there was an intervening obstruction that prevented you from seeing around the bend what would you do? Sound one prolonged blast

39.

If you were approaching a bend in a narrow channel and there was an intervening obstruction that prevented you from seeing around the bend, and you heard one prolonged blast what would this indicate? Sound one prolonged blast

40.

Who gives way to you in a narrow channel? Fishing vessel, sailing vessel, vessel of less than 20 metre in length and a crossing vessel

41.

You are in a narrow channel and you have a ship two points on your starboard bow, just over two miles away, and you have established that risk of collision exists, describe your action. Stand-on with caution

42

He is now less than two miles away, what now? Sound at least 5 or more short and rapid blasts

43

He is not taking any notice of your signals and is now about 1 mile away, and risk of collision still exists, what will you do? Slow down or stop

44

You are in a narrow channel and wish to overtake a vessel ahead on his starboard side, how do you go about this? Sound two prolonged blasts followed by one short blast

45

What would you sound if you wanted to overtake him on his port side? Sound two prolonged blasts followed by two short blasts

46

If he agreed to allow you to overtake, what would he sound? One long, one short, one long, one short blast (Charlie)

47

If he didn't agree, what might he sound? He would sound nothing

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200+ questions on the ColRegs

48

Do you have to sound these signals in all circumstances when you are overtaking in a narrow channel? No, you only make these signals when you need the other vessel to move over

49

Vessel 'A' is overtaking vessel 'B' in a narrow channel,.

Vessel 'B' indicates

her approval with the appropriate signal and moves over to allow 'A' to pass. Subsequently, because of for example an obstruction in the channel, 'A' notices that risk of collision exists. Which of the vessels is required to give way? The overtaking vessel must always keep out of the way 50

What does Rule 10 cover? Traffic Separation Schemes adopted by the IMO

51

What does the abbreviation IMO stand for? International Maritime Organisation

52

Where would you find details of Traffic Separation Schemes? IMO Traffic Routing Guide, Charts, Pilot Books, Annual Summary of Notices to Mariners

53

Where would you join or leave a TSS? At the terminations

54

How would you navigate at the terminations of a TSS? With particular caution

55

If you couldn't join or leave at the terminations, how would you join or leave? At as narrow an angle to the general direction of traffic flow as practicable

56

How should you proceed in a TSS? In the general direction in the appropriate lane

57

What would you avoid doing in a TSS or at the terminations? Anchoring

58

How would you cross a TSS? On a heading at right angles to the general direction

59

When would enter a separation zone? When crossing, joining or leaving from the other side, to fish, in an emergency to avoid immediate danger

60

What general class of vessels can use the inshore traffic zones? Fishing vessels, sailing vessels, vessels of less than 20 metres in length

61

When may a vessel other than the ones in the previous question enter an inshore zone? When enroute to or from a port, pilot station or offshore installation or to avoid immediate danger

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200+ questions on the ColRegs

62

What are vessels not using a TSS required to do? Avoid it by as wide a margin as is practicable

63

You are in a TSS, in clear visibility, proceeding in the general direction of traffic flow in the appropriate lane, when you see a ship approaching from right ahead on a reciprocal course, what will you do? One short blast and alter course to starboard

64

How would you indicate to him that he would appear to be proceeding in the wrong direction? Hoist the international code flags 'YG'

65

How would you indicate to him, by night, that he would appear to be proceeding in the wrong direction? Flash 'YG' by morse code

66

Would you attempt to contact him on VHF? No. Use of VHF for anti-collision is considered a distraction and should be avoided.

67

You are in a TSS, in clear visibility, proceeding in the general direction of traffic flow in the appropriate lane, when you see a ship approaching from two points on the st'bd bow on a steady bearing, what will you do? One short blast and alter course to starboard and pass astern of him

68

Two vessels are exempt from the requirements of Rule 10, which two are they? Vessels restricted in their ability to manoeuvre (RAM) either carrying out an operation for the maintenance of safety of navigation or laying servicing or picking up a submarine cable

69

How would you recognise the vessels in the previous question by day? They will display a ball – diamond – ball shape

70

When two sailing vessels are approaching one another so as to involve risk of collision, who gives way when each has the wind on the same side? The vessel which is to windward

71

When two sailing vessels are approaching one another so as to involve risk of collision, who gives way when each has the wind on a different side? The vessel with the wind on the port side

72

If the vessel with the wind on the port side sees to windward a vessel and can not determine whether she has the wind on the port or starboard side, what should she do? She should alter course

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200+ questions on the ColRegs

73

What is the windward side? The side opposite to the one on which the mainsail is carried. On a square rigged vessel where the mainsails are carried athwartships, the windward side is the side opposite that on which the largest fore and aft sail is carried

74

How would you know if you were overtaking another vessel? You would be coming up from a direction of more than 22.5 degrees abaft the beam. At night you would only see her sternlight and neither of her sidelights. By day you see a corresponding aspect.

75

If you were in doubt as to whether you were overtaking another vessel, how should you act? Assume you are and act accordingly

74

Must you comply with the requirements of Rule 13 in fog? No. Rule 13 only applies to vessels in sight of one another

75

Is it possible for a vessel to overtake another and then by a subsequent alteration of course become a crossing vessel? No. Once an overtaking vessel, always an overtaking vessel and always with the obligation to keep clear

76

You are on a container vessel, in clear visibility, on reduced speed and there is a sailing on your port quarter closing on a steady bearing, what will you do? Stand-on with caution.

77

He is getting very close, and is not taking any action, what will you do now? Sound at least five short and rapid blasts

78

You can see his name, what would you do? This shouldn’t influence you.

79

Would you contact him on VHF? No. because it might distract me from taking action in time

80

When two power driven vessels are approaching on reciprocal courses so as to involve risk of collision, each is required to do what? Alter course to starboard

81

How would you know if you were meeting on 'reciprocal or nearly reciprocal course? You would see his masts in line or nearly in line. At night you would see the masthead lights in line and both the sidelights

82

If you were in doubt as to whether you were meeting another vessel on a reciprocal or nearly reciprocal course, what should you do? Assume it is an end-on situation and sound one short blast and alter course to starboard

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200+ questions on the ColRegs

83

When two power driven vessels are crossing so as to involve risk of collision, which one is required to give way? The one with the other vessel on her own starboard side

84

What should the 'give way' vessel in the previous question avoid doing? Crossing ahead

85

Where one of two vessels is required to give way, what should the other do? Keep her course and speed

86

When MAY a stand-on vessel take action, by her manoeuvre alone, to avoid collision and what should she avoid doing? As soon as it becomes APPARENT that the give-way vessel is not taking appropriate action

87

When MUST a stand-on vessel take action? When she finds herself SO CLOSE that collision cannot be avoided by the action of the give vessel alone

88

Is a give way vessel relieved of her obligation to keep clear if a stand-on vessel takes action before he does? No, the give-way vessel still remains obliged to keep clear

89

What vessels does a sailing vessel give way to? NUC, RAM, fishing vessel and vessel constrained by her draft

90

Are all vessels required to give way to vessels constrained by their draft? No, NUC and RAM are not obliged

91

How does a seaplane on the water behave? In general it will keep clear, but if a close quarters situation develops, it will behave as a power driven vessel

92

What is a WIG craft, when taking off, landing or in flight near the surface required to do? Keep clear of other vessels and avoid impeding their navigation

93

How does a WIG craft on the water behave? It will comply with the rules as a power driven vessel

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200+ questions on the ColRegs

94

Describe the requirements of Rule 19? Rule 19 concerns the conduct of vessels not in sight of one another when in or near and area of restricted visibility. Every vessel should proceed at a safe speed and a power driven vessel should have her engines on standby. If you detect another vessel on your radar you should determine if risk of collision or a close quarters situation. If it does, you should take early avoiding action. If the action is an alteration of course avoid altering course to port for a vessel forward of the beam (except if overtaking) and avoid altering course towards a vessel abeam or abaft the beam. If you hear a fog signal apparently forward of the beam and have not determined that risk of collision DOES NOT exist, then you should STOP and navigate with extreme caution.

95

Who is required to give way in restricted visibility? All vessels are required to take action in restricted vis

96

On approaching fog what should the OOW do? SBE Post extra lookouts Place the ship in hand steering Turn on the navigation lights Sound the fog signal Turn on the radar Check the shadow sectors Commence plotting Call the Captain

97

If you switch on the radar and there are no targets or clutter on it, how can you be sure that it is operating properly? Switch on the Performance Monitor

98

What was the performance monitor like on your last ship? Tell the Examiner that it was a plume on the three mile range and you used the VRM to measure it. You then compare the value with the Manufacturer's value.

99

How would you know where the shadow sectors on a particular ship were? They are indicated on shadow sector diagrams by the radar

100 How would you check the shadow sectors in restricted visibility? Swing the ship's head through the sectors 101 You switch on the radar and two miles ahead you see a target, what will you do? STOP and navigate with extreme caution until all danger of collision is over

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200+ questions on the ColRegs

102 You switch on the radar and ten miles away, two points on the port bow you see a target, what will you do? Commence plotting 103 If the results of an extensive plot showed that the vessel in the previous question was going to pass 0.75 miles on the port side, what would you do? Make a large alteration of course to starboard and continue plotting 104 You switch on the radar and ten miles away, two points on the st'bd bow you see a target. You commence plotting. A few minutes later the lookout comes in and informs you that he can hear a fog signal about two points on the st'bd bow, what will you do? STOP and navigate with extreme caution until all danger of collision is over 105 How far away can you hear a fog signal? The minimum range is between 1.5 and 2.0 miles depending on size

Part C - Lights and Shapes:

106 What is a masthead light? A white unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 225 degrees from 2 points abaft the beam on one side through the bow to 2 points abaft the beam on the other side 107 What is a sidelight? A red or green light from right ahead to 2 points abaft the beam on the appropriate side 108 What is a sternlight? A white light from 2 points abaft the beam through the stern to 2 points abaft the beam on the other side 109 What is a flashing light? Flashes at more than 120 flashes per minute 110 What is the minimum range of visibility of a masthead light on a vessel of over 50 metres in length? Six miles 111 What is the minimum range of visibility of a sidelight on a vessel of over 50 metres in length? Three miles 112 What is the minimum range of visibility of a sternlight on a vessel of over 50 metres in length? Three miles

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200+ questions on the ColRegs

113 What is the minimum range of visibility of a towing light on a vessel of over 50 metres in length? Three miles 114 What is the minimum range of visibility of an all round red, green, or yellow light on a vessel of over 50 metres in length? Three miles 115 What is the minimum range of visibility of an all round red, green, or yellow light on a vessel of 16 metres in length? Two miles 116 What is the minimum range of visibility of a masthead light on a vessel of 25 metres in length? Five miles 117 What is the minimum range of visibility of a masthead light on a vessel of 12 metres in length? Five miles 118 What is the minimum range of visibility of a sidelight on a vessel of 30 metres in length? Two miles 119 What is the minimum range of visibility of a sternlight on a vessel of 23 metres in length? Two miles 120 What is the minimum range of visibility of a towing light on a vessel of 45 metres in length? Two miles 121 Describe the lights for a power-driven vessel, of over 50 metres in length, when underway and making way? Two masthead lights, sidelights and a sternlight 122 Describe the lights for a power-driven vessel, of less than 50 metres in length, when underway but stopped and not making way through the water? One masthead light, sidelights and a sternlight 123 Describe the lights for a power-driven vessel of 9 metres in length when underway? An all-round white light and sidelights 124 Describe the lights for a power-driven vessel of less than 7 metres in length whose maximum speed does not exceed 7 knots when underway? An all-round white light

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200+ questions on the ColRegs

125 Describe the additional light required by a WIG craft when taking off, landing or in flight near the surface? All round flashing red light 126 Describe the conditions by which the masthead light or all round white light required to be carried on a power-driven vessel of less than 12 metres can be displaced from the fore and aft centreline? If the sidelights are combined in one lantern carried on the centreline 127 Describe the lights required to be carried on a vessel of more than 50 metres in length, when engaged in a towing operation, where the length of tow exceeds 200 metres in length? Three masthead lights in a vertical line, a second masthead light, sidelights and a sternlight 128 Describe the day signal for the vessel in the previous question.

What day

signal is shown on the tow? A black diamond. A black diamond on EACH vessel under tow 129 Describe the lights required to be carried on a vessel of less than 50 metres in length, when engaged in a towing operation, where the length of tow is less than 200 metres in length? Two masthead lights in a vertical line, sidelights, sternlight and a towing light 130 Describe the day signal for the previous question. What day signal is shown on the tow? She is not required to show a day signal 131 How do you measure the length of a tow.? The length of a tow is measured from the stern of the towing vessel to the aft end of the last vessel being towed 132 Describe the lights required to be shown by a partly submerged inconspicuous object under tow? White all round lights with a minimum range of three miles placed on the centreline at either end (additional lights are required if the length exceeds 100 metres) and at the extremities of the breadth where it exceeds 25 metres 133 Describe the day signal for a partly submerged inconspicuous object under tow? A diamond near the aftermost end of the last vessel being towed but if the length of tow exceeds 200 metres and additional diamond as far forward as practicable

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200+ questions on the ColRegs

134 Where from any sufficient cause it is impracticable for a vessel or object being towed to exhibit the lights or shapes prescribed in the Rules, what must be done? All possible measures should be taken to light the towed vessel or to indicate its presence 135 Where from any sufficient cause it is impracticable for a vessel not normally engaged in towing operations to display the lights prescribed in the Rules when engaged in towing another vessel in distress or otherwise in need of assistance, what should she show? She is not required to show the masthead lights in a line but she should make every effort to indicate the relationship between the vessels. At night she should illuminate the towline and by day could hoist an appropriate signal from the Int. Code 136 Describe the lights of a sailing vessel of more than 20 metres in length when underway and making way Sidelights and a sternlight 137 Describe the lights of a sailing vessel of more than 20 metres in length when underway and stopped and not making way through the water Sidelights and a sternlight 138 Describe the lights of a sailing vessel of less than 20 metres in length underway The sidelights and sternlight can be combined in a lantern carried at the top of the mast 139 What are the optional lights that may be carried by a sailing vessel? A red over a green all round light carried at the top of the mast 140 When may these optional lights not be carried? As the optional lights are required to be carried at the top of the mast and as a combined lantern is also required to be carried at the top of the mast, the optional lights may not be carried on a sailing vessel of less than 20 metres who has a combined lantern 141 Describe the day signal of a sailing vessel that is also operating her propelling machinery? Black cone, apex down, carried forward 142 What lights would a sailing vessel that is also operating her propelling machinery, show at night? The lights of a power driven vessel of her size 143 Describe the lights for a trawler, of less than 50 metres in length, underway and making way All round green light over an all round white light, sidelights and sternlight

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200+ questions on the ColRegs

144 Describe the lights for a trawler, of more than 50 metres in length, underway and stopped and not making way All round green light over white an all round white light. A masthead light is carried higher than and abaft the all round lights 145 Describe the day signal for a vessel engaged in trawling, more than 20 metres in length, underway and making way Two cones apex together 146 Describe the day signal for a vessel engaged in trawling, less than 20 metres in length, underway and making way Two cones apex together 147 Describe the lights for a vessel engaged in trawling, less than 50 metres in length, at anchor An all round green light over an all round white light 148 Describe the lights for a vessel engaged in fishing, not trawling, underway but not making way, with nets extending more than 150 metres into the seaway All round red light over an all round white light with an all round white light placed in the direction of the nets 149 Describe the lights for a vessel not under command, underway and making way through the water Two all round red lights in a vertical line, sidelights and a sternlight 150 Describe the lights for a vessel not under command, underway but stopped and not making way through the water Two all round red lights in a vertical line 151 Describe the day signal for a vessel not under command Two black balls in a vertical line 152 Describe the lights for a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, over 50 metres in length, underway and making way through the water Two masthead lights, sidelights and sternlight and in addition three all round lights in a vertical line: red – white – red. 153 Describe the lights for a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, less than 50 metres in length, underway but stopped and not making way through the water. Three all round lights in a vertical line red – white – red. 154 Describe the day signal for a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, over 50 metres in length, underway and stopped but not making way through the water ball – diamond - ball

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200+ questions on the ColRegs

155 Describe the day signal for a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, over 50 metres in length, at anchor Two white all round lights one forward and the other aft at a lower level and three all round lights in a vertical line red – white - red 156 Describe the lights for a vessel of over 50 metres in length, underway and making way through the water, when engaged in dredging with an obstruction on her port side Two masthead lights, sidelights and a sternlight. Two all round red lights in a vertical line on the port side and two all round green lights in a vertical line 157 Describe the day signal for the vessel in the previous question Two black balls in a vertical line on the port side and two black diamonds in a vertical line on the starboard side in addition to the ball – diamond – ball (RAM) 158 Describe the lights for a vessel of less than 50 metres in length, engaged in mine clearance operations, underway but stopped and not making way through the water One masthead light, sidelights and sternlight. Three all round green lights are carried as follows; one at the top of the mast and one on each end of the yardarm 159 Describe the day signal for a vessel constrained by her draft A black cylinder with a diameter of at least 0.6 metres and a length of at least twice the diameter 160 Describe the lights for a vessel, over 50 metres in length, constrained by her draft, underway but stopped and not making way through the water Two masthead lights, sidelights and sternlight. In addition three all round red lights in a vertical line 161 Describe the lights for a vessel, over 50 metres in length, constrained by her draft, underway and making way through the water Two masthead lights, sidelights and sternlight. In addition three all round red lights in a vertical line 162 Describe the lights for a vessel of less than 50 metres in length, engaged on pilotage duty, underway but stopped and not making way sidelights and a sternlight. The masthead lights are replaced by an all round white light over an all round red light 163 Describe the lights for a vessel of less than 50 metres in length, engaged on pilotage duty, underway and making way All round white over red instead of the masthead lights, sidelights and sternlight

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200+ questions on the ColRegs

164 Describe the lights for a vessel of less than 50 metres in length, engaged in pilotage duty, at anchor One all round anchor light, an all round white over an all round red light in a vertical line 165 Describe the lights for a vessel of less than 50 metres in length at anchor One all round white light where it can best be seen 166 Describe the lights for a vessel of more than 50 metres in length at anchor An all round white light forward and at or near the stern a second all round white light at a lower level 167 Describe the lights for a vessel of more than 100 metres in length at anchor An all round white light forward, an all round white light aft and she also uses her working light to illuminate the decks 168 Describe the day signal for a vessel at anchor Black ball at least 0.6 metre in diameter 169 Describe the lights for a vessel of more than 50 metres in length aground Two all round white lights, one forward and one aft. Two all round red lights in a vertical line where they can best be seen 170 Describe the lights for a vessel of less than 50 metres in length aground One all round white light and also two all round red lights in a vertical line 171 Describe the day signal for a vessel aground Three black balls in a vertical line

Part D - Sound and Light Signals:

172 How long is a short blast? About one second duration 173 How long is a prolonged blast? From four to six seconds duration 174 What size is the bell? The diameter at the mouth should be at least 300 mm 175 How far away can you hear a ship's whistle? It depends on vessel size but minimum distance of 1.5 or 2.0 miles is acceptable 176 What does one short blast indicate? I am altering course to starboard 177 What does two short blasts indicate? I am altering my course to port 178 What does three short blasts indicate? I am operating astern propulsion

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Vivion J Gough, NMCI

200+ questions on the ColRegs

179 When making manoeuvring signals, should you always make the sound signal and augment it with the light, or should you always make the light and augment it with the sound? You must always make the sound signal and may support it with a light signal 180 What is the range of visibility of the manoeuvring light? At least 5 miles 181 What does the Rules say about the use of whistles for manoeuvring or warning signals when there are two fitted at a distance apart of more than 100 metres on the ship? Only one is to be used 182 Describe the fog signal for a power-driven vessel when underway and making way through the water One prolonged blast at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes 183 Describe the fog signal for a power-driven vessel when underway but stopped and not making way through the water Two prolonged blasts at intervals not exceeding 2 minutes 184 List six vessels that may sound one prolonged blast followed by two short blasts at intervals not exceeding two minutes in fog Not under command Restricted in ability to manoeuvre Sailing vessel Fishing vessel Vessel constrained by her draft Vessel engaged in mine clearance operations 185 List two vessels, that when at anchor, sound one prolonged blast followed by two short blasts at intervals not exceeding two minutes Fishing vessel Restricted in her ability to manoeuvre 186 Describe the fog signal for a vessel of less than 100 metres at anchor Rapid ringing of the bell, for five seconds, at intervals not exceeding one minute 187 Describe the fog signal for a vessel of more than 100 metres at anchor Rapid ringing of the bell in the forepart of the vessel for five seconds at intervals not exceeding one minute immediately followed by rapid sounding of the gong in the after part of the vessel 188 Can a vessel at anchor make any additional sound signals in fog Yes. She may sound one short followed by one long followed by one short blast on the whistle to give warning of her position and the possibility of collision to an approaching vessel

Page 19 of 22

Vivion J Gough, NMCI

200+ questions on the ColRegs

189 Describe the fog signal for a vessel aground Three distinct strokes on the bell, followed by rapid ringing of the bell, followed by three distinct strokes on the bell at intervals not exceeding one minute (DING DING DING, ding-a-ling-a-ling, DING DING DING) 190 Can a vessel aground make any additional sound signals in fog? Yes. She may sound an appropriate whistle signal

5.

The Annexes:

191 What does the expression 'height above the hull' mean? Height above the uppermost continuous deck 192 What is the height above the hull of a forward masthead light? At least 6 metres, if the breadth exceeds 6 metres then at least the breadth, but it does not have to carried above 12 metres (but it may) 193 What is the height above the forward masthead light of the after masthead light? At least 4.5 metres 194 What is the vertical separation required between two masthead lights? At least 4.5 metres and also when viewed from a position at sea level one thousand metres from the stem, for all normal conditions of trim, the aft light should be seen above the forward light 195 What is the height above the hull of the sidelights? Not more than three-quarters the height of the foremast light but not so low as to be interfered with by the deck-lights 196 When two or three lights are required to be carried in a vertical line, what is the vertical separation required on a vessel of more than 20 metres in length? At least 2 metres 197 What is the height above the sidelights of the lower of the two all round lights required to be exhibited by a vessel engaged in fishing? At least twice the separation used between the two all round lights 198 What is the height above the hull of the forward anchor light on a vessel of more than 50 metres in length? At least 6 metres 199 When two anchor lights are carried what is the vertical separation required between them? The after light should be at least 4.5 metres below the forward one 200 Where in relation to the length of a vessel is the forward masthead light required to be carried? It is required to be carried in the forward quarter

Page 20 of 22

Vivion J Gough, NMCI

200+ questions on the ColRegs

201 Where in relation to the length of a vessel is the masthead light of a vessel of less than 50 metres in length required to be carried, when only one masthead light is carried? In the forward quarter 202 What is the horizontal separation required between masthead lights? At least half the length of the vessel but it need not be more than 100 metres 203 Where are the sidelights required to be carried? They should not be placed forward of the foremast light and should be at or near the sides of the ship 204 Describe the horizontal and vertical position of the all round white light required to be carried on a vessel engaged in fishing when she has gear extending more than 150 metres into the seaway Not less than 2 metres nor more than 6 metres from the all round red over white lights. It should be lower than the all round white light and not lower than the sidelights 205 What colour are the screens required for sidelights to be painted? Matt black 206 What size are the shapes that are required to carried by the Rules? Diameter at least 0.6 metre 207 What are the dimensions of the cylinder required to be exhibited by a vessel constrained by her draft? Diameter of at least 0.6 metre and a length of at least twice the diameter 208 Describe the lights for a vessel engaged in pair trawling By night they will direct a searchlight forward in the direction of the other vessel 209 Describe the lights for a vessel engaged in fishing with purse seine gear In addition to the lights for a fishing vessel, when hampered by the fishing gear, may exhibit two yellow lights in a vertical line which flash alternatively every second 210 Describe the additional lights authorised for trawlers when; shooting their nets; Two all round white lights in a vertical line hauling their nets; Two all round lights in a vertical line – white over red their nets have come fast upon an obstruction; Two all round red lights in a vertical line 211 Where would you find details on the Distress Signals? Annex IV 212 How many Annexes are there? Four

Page 21 of 22

Vivion J Gough, NMCI

200+ questions on the ColRegs

213 List the distress signals Gun or other explosive signal fired at intervals of about a minute A continuous sounding with the fog signalling apparatus (the Annual Summary of the Notices to Mariners recommends you sound SOS) Rockets or shells throwing red stars fired one at a time at short intervals A signal made by any means of 'SOS' in morse code Mayday send by radiotelephony International Code signal 'NC' The distance signal – a square flag having above or below it a ball or anything resembling a ball Flames on the vessel (The Annual Summary of the Notices to Mariners suggests that this may not be very obvious on ships nowadays) Parachute or hand flares showing red lights Orange smoke signal Slowly and repeatedly raising and lowering the outstretched arms EPIRB's Approved signals transmitted by radio communications systems e.g. SART's and DSC alarms 214 What was the most recent amendment to the ColRegs? The most recent amendment was made in January 2009 to Annex IV. It removed SOS by radiotelegraphy and replaced it with 'SOS' by any means. It removed the radiotelegraph alarm signal and replaced it with a distress signal by DSC on VHF Ch. 70 or MF/HF (the frequencies are identified but I think it would be unreasonable to learn them off). The radiotelephone alarm has been removed and replaced by a ship to shore distress alert by the ship's Inmarsat system.

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Vivion J Gough, NMCI