Attock Cement Maintenance

PLANT MAINTENANCE ASSIGNMENT PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE ATTOCK CEMENT PAKISTAN LIMITED

GROUP MEMBERS ME-171 ME-173 ME-178 ME-188 ME-193 ME-206 ME-309 ME-310 ME-315 ME-324 ME-338

Introduction The journey of Attock Cement started from the year 1981 and the company started its commercial production in 1988. In 25 years, company has shown steady growth. ACPL has attained new peaks every year through strong team work, continuous modernization of plant to improve efficiency and with utmost hard work. ACPL has cemented its place not only in the local market but also in the regional markets through selling quality products. ACPL’s current production capacity is 2,400 MTPD. Due to an overall surge in cement demand in the country over the last couple of years coupled by growth in regional market, ACPL has decided to increase its production capacity to 5,400 MTPD by setting up a new plant with a capacity of 3,000 MTPD. The new plant started operation in June 2003.

Our Visit To Attock Cement Plant We visited the cement plant of attock industries for the sole purpose of understanding the working and maintenance strategies followed by the engineers and maintenance staff with regard to the different machineries operated in day to day production to meet the increasing demand of cement in modern day. To understand the working of maintenance schedules in a cement industry, one must first be aware of the processes carried out in order to produce different types of cements. Attock Cement produces three types of products under cement category namely  Ordinary Portland Cement  Sulphate Resistant Cement  Block Cement

Cement: is a material with adhesive and cohesive properties which make it capable of bonding minerals fragments into a compact whole. For constructional purposes, the meaning of the term "cement" is restricted to the bonding materials used with stones, sand, bricks, building stones, etc. The cements of interest in the making of concrete have the property of setting and hardening under water by virtue of a chemical reaction with it and are, therefore, called hydraulic cement. The name "Portland cement" given originally due to the resemblance of the color and quality of the hardened cement to Portland stone – Portland island in England. Manufacture of Portland cement Raw materials • Calcareous material – such as limestone or chalk, as a source of lime (CaO). • Clayey material – such as clay or shale (soft clayey stones), as a source of silica and alumina. Wet process When chalk is used, it is finely broken up and dispersed in water in a washmill. The clay is also broken up and mixed with water, usually in a similar washmill. The two mixtures are now pumped so as to mix in

predetermined proportions and pass through a series of screens. The resulting – cement slurry – flows into storage tanks. When limestone is used, it has to be blasted, then crushed, usually in two progressively smaller crushers (initial and secondary crushers), and then fed into a ball mill with the clay dispersed in water. The resultant slurry is pumped into storage tanks. From here onwards, the process is the same regardless of the original nature of the raw materials. The slurry is a liquid of creamy consistency, with water content of between 35 and 50%, and only a small fraction of material – about 2% larger than a 90 µm (sieve No. 170). The slurry mix mechanically in the storage tanks, and the sedimentation of the suspended solids being prevented by bubbling by compressed air pumped from bottom of the tanks. The slurry analyze chemically to check the achievement of the required chemical composition, and if necessary changing the mix constituents to attain the required chemical composition. Finally, the slurry with the desired lime content passes into the rotary kiln. This is a large, refractorylined steel cylinder, up to 8 m in diameter, sometimes as long as 230 m, which is slightly inclined to the horizontal. The slurry is fed in at the upper end while pulverized coal (oil or natural gas also might be used as a fuel) is blown in by an air blast at the lower end of the kiln, where the temperature reaches about 1450oC. The slurry, in its movement down the kiln, encounters a progressively

higher temperature. At first, the water is driven off and COR 2R is liberated; further on, the dry material undergoes a series of chemical reactions until finally, in the hottest part of the kiln, some 20 to 30% of the material becomes liquid, and lime, silica and alumina recombine. The mass then fuses into balls, 3 to 25 mm in diameter, known as clinker. The clinker drops into coolers. Dry process The raw materials are crushed and fed in the correct proportions into a grinding mill, where they are dried and reduced in size to a fine powder. The dry powder, called raw meal, is then pumped to a blending silo, and final adjustment is now made in the proportions of the materials required for the manufacture of cement. To obtain a uniform mixture, the raw meal is blended in the silo, usually by means of compressed air. The blended meal is sieved and fed into a rotating dish called a granulator, water weighing about 12% of the meal being added at the same time. In this manner, hard pellets about 15 mm in diameter are formed. The pellets are baked hard in a pre-heating grate by means of hot gases from the kiln. The pellets then enter the kiln, and subsequence operations are the same as in the wet process of manufacture.

Grinding of the clinker The cool clinker (produced by wet or dry process), which is characteristically black and hard, is underground with gypsum CaSO4.2H2O in order to prevent flash setting of the cement, and to facilitate the grinding process. The grinding is done in a ball mill. The cement discharged by the mill is passed through a separator, fine particles being removed to the storage silo by an air current, while the coarser particles are passed through the mill once again.

Apron Conveyors: Apron conveyors consist of endless chains with attached overlapping and interlocking plates to provide a continuous-carrying surface that forms a leakproof bed suitable for bulk materials without containers. Move loose bulk materials like coal, lime, sand, stone, and sugar cane along horizontal or inclined conveyors. Apron Conveyors are especially useful as feeders to elevating systems, for picking tables and loading booms, and for long horizontal or inclined conveyors. In cement industry, it is used to feed the raw material into the gypsum crusher. There are three areas where the inspection is performed on yearly basis which includes the drive, driven sprocket bearing and gear box bearing and internals

Problem Chain rises sprocket

Potential cause Solution off  Excess chain slack.  Adjust the amount of  Excess wear at the bases slack. of  Replace the sprocket. sprocket teeth.  Replace the chain.  Excess chain extension.  Remove the foreign  Foreign material stuck to material the from the bases of the bases of sprocket teeth. teeth.

Chain separates poorly from the sprocket

Wear to sides of link plates and sprockets Poor chain flexure

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Sprocket misalignment. Excess chain slack. Excess wear at the bases of sprocket teeth.

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Adjust alignment. Adjust the amount of slack. Replace the sprocket.

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Sprocket misalignment.

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Adjust alignment.

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Inadequate oiling. Foreign materials between pins and bushes. Corrosion between pins and bushes. Sprocket misalignment.

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Lubricate properly. Wash the chain to remove foreign materials, then oil it. Replace with an environment resistant chain series. Adjust alignment.

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Abnormal noise

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Chain vibration

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Chain is too tight or too loose. Inadequate oiling. Excess wear of sprockets and chain. Contact with the chain case. Damaged bearings. Sprocket misalignment.

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Excess chain slack. Excess load variation. Excess chain speed leading to pulsation. Chain flexes poorly at some

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Adjust slack. Lubricate properly. Replace chain and sprockets. Eliminate contact with the case. Replace the bearings. Adjust alignment.

Adjust slack. Reduce load variation or replace chain. Use guide stoppers to stop chain swaying. Remove the affected

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Damage to pins, bushings, rollers Deformation of link plate Holes

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points. Sprocket wear.

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Inadequate oiling. Jammed foreign bodies. Corroded components. Use with greater than allowable load. Abnormal load action.

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Overall corrosion Corrosive wear

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Corrosion due moisture, acid or alkali.

to

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points. Replace the sprockets. Lubricate properly. Remove foreign bodies. Replace with an environment resistant chain series. Review chain and sprocket selections. Eliminate the abnormal load, and review chain and sprocket selections. Replace with an environment resistant chain series.

Precautions for Maintenance Personnel: The following precautions must be observed: 1. Do not perform maintenance while the conveyor is operating. Lock out the circuit breaker disconnect switch with personal padlocks on the conveyor before performing maintenance. For belt tracking or listening for bearing noise, never touch a moving belt, roller, pulley, or bearing. All inspections and adjustments can be made from outside the conveyor. Never reach under or into the conveyor when the belt is running. 2. Before restarting the conveyor, make sure all personnel are clear of moving parts. 3. Maintain good housekeeping in the vicinity of the conveyor at all times. Clean up spilled materials or lubricants promptly. 4. Always replace the safety guards and protective devices before putting the conveyor back in service. Do not run the conveyor with the chain drive guards open or missing. 5. Maintenance personnel should be alert for hazardous conditions at all times. Remove sharp edges and protruding objects and replace broken or worn parts promptly.

6. When using air hoses and drop cords, string them to avoid creating a tripping hazard. 7. Always stop the conveyor to clear jams or to remove foreign objects. 8. Use the proper tool for each job. Carry tools in a pouch or a tool box. Never carry tools in pockets. 9. Wear goggles while using compressed air. 10. Do not direct the stream of air toward yourself or other workers. 11. Do not use compressed air to clean yourself or your clothing. 12. Horseplay with compressed air is extremely dangerous. 13. Do not smoke while using solvents or cleaning fluids. 14. Report all accidents resulting in personal injury or damage to equipment or material, and all irregularities in equipment operation, promptly to the proper authority. Gypsum Crusher: After the raw materials have been transported to the plant, the limestone and shale which have been blasted out of the quarry must be crushed into smaller pieces. Some of the pieces, when blasted out, are quite large. The pieces are then dumped into primary crushers which reduce them to the size of a softball. The pieces are carried by conveyors to secondary crushers which crush the rocks into fragments usually no larger than 3/4 inch across. In crushers, the shaft bearing are inspected on the yearly basis while the beaten, grizzly bar and liners on the semi yearly basis through different NDT techiniques and vibration analysis Gypsum Crusher Deduster: It is intermediate step towards the preparation of raw material in which Before blending, dust is removed by deduster after coming out of crusher. Inspection of deduster includes the checking of fan shaft bearings, impeller and rotary valve gear box.

Bearing troubles symptoms and sources: Symptoms Sources of trouble Uneven running

Reduced working accuracy

Damaged rings rolling elements

or Motor vehicles: more and more wheel wobbling increased tilting clearance vibration of steering system Contamination Fans: growing vibration Excessive bearing Saw mills: clearance more knocks and blows in connecting rods Wear due Lathe: to contaminants gradual development or insufficient of chatter marks on lubrication workpiece Damaged rings or rolling elements Change in adjustment (clearance or preload)

Unusual running noise: whining or squealing noise rumbling or irregular noise

Examples

Insufficient clearance

Grinders: wavy ground surface Cold rolling mill: Periodic surface defects on rolled material such as stretcher strains, ghost lines etc.

operating

Excessive clearance Damaged contact areas Contamination Unsuitable lubricant

Electric motors Gears (the bearing noise is hard to identify since it is generally drowned by the noise of the gears)

gradual change in running

Change in operating clearance noise due to temperature Damaged running track (e.g. due to contamination or fatigue)

CEMENT MILL CEMENT MILL PROCESS The clinker is stored in two silos of clinker and storage. Each Silo has six extraction holes. 4 belt conveyers overtake the extraction clinker, 3 extractions for in belt conveyer. The 4-belt conveyers discharge the clinker onto the long belt conveyer, which leads it to the clinker hopper. Clinker extraction de-dusted by the two-bag filter installation and fans. The extraction clinker and gypsum are stored into corresponding hopper. These are metal hopper mounted on load cells (one load cell and 2 fix propying for each hopper). The clinker hopper has the capacity of 180 tons and while the gypsum has 110 tons capacity hopper. The hoppers are connected to a de-dusting and fans. The material is extracted from each hopper by means of weigh feeder and introduced into the mill-feeding funnel. The clinker and gypsum are ground in a closed circuit mill system, composed of; Ball mill dia 4.2 x 13.0m length Bucket elevator of 450t/h

Separator diameter 5m with satellite cyclones and a separator fan. Air slide for feeding the elevator and separator and for conveying coarse and fine material.

PROCESS FLOW OF CEMENT MILL By grinding the material, cement and cement coarse is obtained. The ground material is discharge through on air slide into the bucket elevator. Bucket elevator lifts the material up to height wherefrom an air slide feed it into the separator. The separator has 8 cyclones and separator fan for the recycled air and a D.C. drive mounted on separator. Speed is adjusted according to the established grinding fines and laboratory analysis. The coarse separated through the central separator body is discharged through a swiveling flap into an air slide. It is discharged by mean of flow meter into a feeding funnel of the mill. The fine fraction material lifts up by the drag force apply by separator fan and fine fraction transfer into cyclones and the material dropped through (gravitational force). Rotary valve to air slide from where material goes into airlift and from air lift the material through air slide on silo top dropped in the silo. From the mill discharge E.P. fan lifts the light particles through the air and produced induced draft. From where material lift up and goes into E.P., these particles are electromagnetic and in the E.P. produce high voltage current through H.T. motor about 60.000 volt and produce electromagnetic field. In the E.P the plates and wire are place when the current passed through the plates and wires it becomes magnet and produces electromagnetic field when the particles which carry through air passed from this magnetic field these plates and wires collects these negative and positive electromagnetic particles and after sometime on E.P placed rapping motor for plates and wires which rapping on it, the collected particles dropped through the plates and wires and dropped into screw conveyer. From where this material convey into fine air slide because these material are fine.

GRINDING: The final step in Portland cement manufacturing involves a sequence of blending and grinding operations that transforms clinker to finished Portland cement. Up to 5 percent gypsum or natural anhydrite is added to the clinker during grinding to control the cement setting time, and other specialty chemicals are added as needed to impart specific product properties. This finish milling is accomplished almost exclusively in ball or tube mills. Typically, finishing is conducted in a closed-circuit system, with product sizing by air separation.

CONVEYORS:

Clinker extraction belt conveyor take the clinker out of Air quenched clinker cooler and feed it into the main belt which led to weigh feeder. Inspection the these conveyors include the yearly checking of drive drum bearing, tensioning drum bearing and gear box internals and bearing in the clinker extraction bearing. Snub pulley bearing is also checked in the inspection of main clinker long belt conveyor along with other bearings. In weigh feeder, same components as the first bearing is inspected. All the inspection is done visually or through the concern problem detection technique which may include vibration analysis, or NDT- techniques. GRINDING MILL: A Ball mill is a horizontal cylinder partly filled with steel balls (or occasionally other shapes) that rotates on its axis, imparting a tumbling and cascading action to the balls. Material fed through the mill is crushed by impact and ground by attrition between the balls. The grinding media are usually made of high-chromium steel. The smaller grades are occasionally cylindrical ("pebs") rather than spherical. There exists a speed of rotation (the "critical speed") at which the contents of the mill would simply ride over the roof of the mill due to centrifugal action. The critical speed (rpm) is given by: nC = 42.29/√d, where d is the internal diameter in

metres. Ball mills are normally operated at around 75% of critical speed, so a mill with diameter 5 metres will turn at around 14 rpm. Inspection of Grinding mills include the various components of the grinding mill, air slide blower and bucket elevator such as Ultra sonic inspection inlet/outlet trunnion, Dye Penetrant (DP Test) inlet/outlet trunnion, Mill Trunnion White Metal Bearings, Pinion Shaft Bearings (04 Nos), Transmission Shaft Bearings (04 Nos), Drive 1 Gear Box Internals & Bearings, Drive 2 Gear Box Internals & Bearings etc. these inspection is yearly, semiannually, monthly or semimonthly depend upon the severity of the equipment. DYNAMIC SEPARATOR: It works by injecting the material stream to be sorted into a chamber which contains a column of rising air. Inside the separation chamber, air drag on the objects supplies an upward force which counteracts the force of gravity and lifts the material to be sorted up into the air. Due to the dependence of air drag on object size and shape, the objects in the moving air column are sorted vertically and can be separated in this manner. Air classifiers are commonly employed in industrial processes where a large volume of mixed materials with differing physical characteristics need to be separated quickly and efficiently. One such example is in recycling centers, where various types of metal, paper, and plastics arrive mixed together and need to be sorted before further processing can take place. In inspection of dynamic separator or separator fan includes yearly inspection and rectification of the following components: 1. Vertical Shaft Bearings 2. Gear Box Internals & Bearings 3. Vane & Casing 4. Rotary Locks Internals & Brgs (08 Nos) 5. Shaft Bearings

6. Damper Inspection 7. Impeller Inspection 8. Inspection of Casing & Foundation Pads Iron remover: The purpose of iron remover is to remove any metallic part from the cement and it is done by using magnetic techniques. Inspection and rectification of the iron remover includes visual inspection and vibration analysis of: 1. Drive Drum Bearings 2. Driven Drum Bearings 3. Gear Box Internals & bearings 4. Drive Pulley and V-Belt Roller Press: These consist of a pair of rollers set 8–30 mm apart and counter-rotating with surface speed around 0.9 - 1.8 m.s−1. The bearings of the rollers are designed to deliver a pressure of 50 MPa or more. The bed of material drawn between the rollers emerges as a slab-like agglomeration of highly fractured particles. The energy efficiency of this process is comparatively high. Systems have been designed, including a de-agglomerator and separator, that will deliver material of cement fineness. However, particle size distribution is again a problem, and roll presses are now increasingly popular as a "pre-grind" process, with the cement finished in a single chamber ball mill. This gives good cement performance, and reduces energy consumption by 20-40% compared with a standard ball mill system. Inspection of Roller Press Includes the visual and visual aid inspection of the following components: 1. Universal Couplings

2. Planetry Gear # 01 Internal/bearings 3. Planetry Gear # 02 Internal/bearings 4. Fix Roller bearings 5. Moveable Roller bearings 6. Torque Supports arrangement 7. Rollers Hard facing condition 8. Hydraulic System 9. Lubrication system (Gear) FGM Bag Filter (Inlet side): It is the last part of this step in which the sand is pass through a set screens to separate the coarse particles from the fine and desire one. Yearly and 2 yearly inspection is performed on the equipment: 1. Fan Impeller/Casing 2. Fan bearings/Housing Inspection 3. Drag Chain & drive /driven sprockets 4. Drag Chain drive /driven Bearings 5. Rotary valve gear box inspection

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE OF CEMENT MILL S. #

Eqpt Name / #

Histo ry File #

Inspection Details

Last Next Replac. Replac. Replac. Freq. Date Date

Last Insp. Date

Inspection Schedule Insp Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Freq 15 15 15 15 15 15 16 16 16 16 16

Drive Drum Bearings

Mar-15

Y

Tensioning drum Bearings

Mar-15

Y

Gear Box Internals & Bearings

Mar-15

Y

Clinker Long Belt

Drive Drum Bearings

Mar-15

Y

Conveyor

Tensioning drum Bearings

Mar-15

Y

Snub Pulley Bearings

Mar-15

Y

Gear Box Internals & Bearings

Mar-15

2Y

Drive Drum Bearings

Mar-15

Y

Tensioning drum Bearings

Mar-15

Y

Gear Box Internals & Bearings

Mar-15

2Y

Clinker Extraction 1 Belt Conveyor

Jun 16

Remarks / Reasons for Inspection carried out before/after the schedule dates or not carried out

2

Weigh Feeder 3

Colour Codes

Ultra sonic inspection inlet/outlet trunnion

4 Cement Grinding Mill

5

6

Air Slide Blowers

Bucket Elevator

Colour Codes

Inspection carried out, under observation

Inspection carried out, found O.K.

Mar-15

3M

Dye Penetrant (DP Test) inlet/outlet trunnion

Jun-15

15 D

Mill Trunnion White Metal Bearings

Oct-15

Y

Pinion Shaft Bearings (04 Nos)

Jun-15

Y

Transmission Shaft Bearings (04 Nos)

Apr-15

Y

Drive 1 Gear Box Internals & Bearings

Apr-15

6M

Drive 2 Gear Box Internals & Bearings

Apr-15

6M

Auxiliary Gear Box 1 Internals & Brgs

Apr-15

2Y

Auxiliary Gear Box 2 Internals & Brgs

Apr-15

2Y

Heat Exchangers Inspection & cleaning

Jun-15

Y

Girth Gear fastening & Joining Bolts Inspection

Jun-15

Y

Blower Bearings

Aug-14

Y

Blower Impeller Inspection

Aug-14

Y

Airslide Canvas

Aug-14

Y

Drive Drum Bearings

Apr-15

Y

Tensioning Drum Bearings

Apr-15

Y

Drive/Tensioning Drum Inspection

Apr-15

6M

Gear Box Intenals & Bearings

Jun-15

2Y

Geared Coupling Inspection

Jun-15

Inspection carried out, found O.K.

Inspection carried out, rectification required

Inspection not carried out, give reasons

Inspection carried out, rectification required

Inspection not carried out, give reasons

Y Inspection carried out, under observation

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE OF GYPUM CRUSHING AREA

GYPSUM CRUSHING AREA S. #

Eqpt Name / #

Hist ory File #

Gypsum Apron 1 Conveyor

1

Gypsum Crusher 2

1

Gypsum Crusher 3 Deduster

Colour Codes

1

Inspection Details

Last Next Last Replac. Replac. Replac. Insp. Freq. Date Date Date

Inspection Schedule Insp Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Freq 15 15 15 15 15 15 16 16 16

Drive Sprocket Bearings

Mar-15

Y

Driven Sprocket Bearings

Mar-15

Y

Gear Box Bearings & Internals

Mar-15

Y

Shaft Bearings Inspection

Apr-15

Y

Inspection of Beaters

Jan-15 6 M

Inspection of Grizzly Bar

Apr-15 6 M

Inspection of Liners

Apr-15 6 M

Fan Shaft Bearings

Feb-15

Y

Impellor Inspection

Feb-15

Y

Rotary Valve Gear Box

Feb-15 2 Y

Inspection carried out, found O.K.

Inspection carried out, under observation

Remarks / Reasons for Inspection carried Apr May Jun out before/after the 16 16 16 schedule dates or not

Inspection carried out, rectification required

Inspection not carried out, give reasons

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE OF PACKING AREA PACKING AREA

S.#

Eqpt Name / #

History File #

Inspection Details

Fan Shaft Bearings

Insp Freq

Mar-04

Y

Deduster bags 1

Cement Mill Deduster

Rotary Valve Bearings

2Y

Y

Pneumatic jack inspection

Y

Actuator inspection

Jan-15

Y

Rotor

Oct-14

Y

Gear box Internal and bearings

Oct-14

Y

Motorize drum internal

Feb-15

Y

Tail drum bearings

Feb-15

Y

Snub drum bearings

Feb-15

Y

Blower impellor inspection

Feb-15

Y

Vibrating Screen

Mesh Inspection

Apr-15

6M

Roto Packer

Packer drive gearmotor internals bearing

Dec-15

Y

Vertical shaft bearing Inspection

Dec-15

Y

Nozzle Pulley bearings Inspecion

Dec-15

Y

Rotary Valve

4

6

Colour Codes

Drag Chain # 01

7

2Y

Jan-15

Air bed belt conveyor

5

Rotary Valve Gear Box

Jan-15

2

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

Jan

Feb

Mar

15

15

15

15

15

15

16

16

16

Apr May

Jun

16

16

16

Remarks / Reasons for Inspection carried out before/after the schedule dates or not carried out

Y

Air Slide Canvas Inspection

Silo Discharge Device

3

Inspection Schedule

Last Insp. Date

Inspection carried out, found O.K.

Inspection carried out, under observation

Drag chain Inspeciton

Jul-14

Y

Drive and Driven sprocket

Jul-14

Y

Drive and Driven Bearings

Jul-14

Y

Rotary Valve

Jul-14

Y

Inspection carried out, rectification required

Inspection not carried out, give reasons

PROCESS FLOW OF PACKING PLANT: In packing plant the cement material is taken through silo bottom, (central discharge). In each silo’s two extraction are place, one is in operation and other one is on standby. Each extraction has one manual gate valve, one pneumatic valve, and one motorize valve. Manual and pneumatic valve 100% open and we control the feed flow with respect to motorize opening. From the extraction material goes into air slide, from the air slide to bucket elevator. Bucket elevator lift up the material and put into vibrating screen. In vibrating screen mesh are placed and in vibrating screen material flow through its inclination and vibration. Fine material pass through the mesh and residue are on the screen. That material are rejected and out from our system by duct pipe. The fine material through screen goes down into hopper; from the hopper through rotary valve material goes into ROTO PACKER tank. In the tank material maintain through level prop, if the material level down the pneumatic jack is operate and with respect to pneumatic jack rotary valve is operate and the material flow into tank from hopper, if the level of rotor packer tank is maintain then pneumatic jack is off as well as rotary valve also.

ROTO PACKER OPERATION: Rotor packer work is in this manner, if a person place the bag on nozzles and the bag touch the strips which are place along the nozzles then that strip operate and a hanger are place which hangs or hold the bag and with respect to that a pneumatic jack is operate and the rotor packer material discharge motor as well as operate and the material comes into nozzles and bag filling start. If the bags weight is complete (50kg) the bag filling off and pneumatic jack close and rotor packer motor for bag filling is also off and bag dropped onto belt conveyer and loading onto the trucks.