Basic Electronics Reviewer

*Ohm’ Law

Light Emitting Diode (LED)

Voltage = Volts (V)

Is also considered as a Diode

Current = Ampere (amp)

*Transistors

Resistance = Ohm (Ω)

A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power Has three terminals (legs) which is the Base, Collector, Emitter (arranged in order)

FormS: V=IXR I = V/R R = V/I

*Integrated Circuits (ICs)

*Power

It can process data, Every model of it has different Functions, it has lots of Transistors inside it, which stores data in 0s and 1s

P=IXV P = V2/R P = I2X R

*Resistors Most common Component that resist the flow of curremt Its resistance is calculated using its bands that is measured in ohm *Capacitors Stores Electric Charges then pulses it to result in higher current

*Diode Components that are used for a specific reason Has two legs which is the anode(+, long leg) or the cathode (-, Shorter Leg)

*Electricity

*Closed Circuits

Electric Charge can be broken to 3 parts

Has countinous flow of electrons

Voltage Current Resistance

Elecctrons    

Smallest amount of electric Charge Orbits around Atoms Charge of -1.602 x 10-19 Mass of 9.109 x 10-31 kg

Protons    

Open Circuit A circuit that has Resistance 10000 Because they are not even touching each other DUHH!!!

Largest Amount of Electric Charge Located in the nucleus of atoms Have a charge of 1.602 x 10-19 Mass of 1.609 x 10-27 kg

All Materials fall into three categories   

Conductors – A substance where electrons move freely and easily Insulators – A substance where electrons cannot flow easily Semi-Conductors- not a Conductor nor Insulator

*Charge Symbol is Q for Quantity Practical Unit is C (Columb)

*DC (Direct Current) Has fixed polarity such as battery and other things that generate electricity directly

*AC (Alternating Current) Alternates or reverses polarity according to the plug Used in Modern houses (Where u plug your phones) *Impedance (Z)

*Ampere (Again) Electron flow is from – to + Conventional flow is from + to –

Measured in Ohms

*Electricity Movement in Atoms

*Electric Charge

Bohr model

Protons = + (Positive)

No of electrons in orbit = 2(n)2

Electrons = - (negative)

N= orbit No.

Same charges repel each other while opposites attract

Valence Orbit is the last orbit You can find the Valence electrons using the formula above until it reaches the atomic number in a periodic table

Measured in Amperes Protons have a charge of +1.602 x 10-19 Electrons have a charge of -1.602 x 10-19

Conductors has 1 – 3 Valence Electrons Insulators has 5-8 Valence Electrons

1 columb = 6.25 x 1018

Semi - Conductors has 4 Valence Electrons Polarity Remember that protons are positive while Electrons are Negative 6.25 x 1019 is a constant

Q=

𝒏𝒐 𝒐𝒇 𝒆𝒍𝒆𝒄𝒕𝒓𝒐𝒏𝒔 𝒐𝒓 𝒑𝒓𝒐𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒔 𝒂𝒅𝒅𝒆𝒅 𝟔.𝟐𝟓 𝒙 𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟖