Chemical Earthing.pdf

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NO: 18-7-33, PRASHANTHI NAGAR, KHADI COLONY, TIRUPATI. Office: +91-9160404592 Mobile: 9866078344 E-Mail: [email protected]

As technology changed, it brought a significant shift in the earthing philosophy. Initially, Chemical Earthing was introduced. Chemical earthing has changed the way earthing system was viewed. Now we have a range of rods or electrodes made from various highly conductive materials which are connected to the equipments with strips and other accessories in the chemical grounding process. Special compounds to fill in the earth-pit, around the electrode to conditioning the soil with eco friendly minerals, along with the new types of earth Rods and earth Electrodes, ensure that these earthing systems provide you an incredibly longer working life of 2030 years with high conductive and low resistance path. These are reliable and require minimal to NO maintenance. Advantages & Benefits 

Maintenance Free

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Corrosion Free & maintains low resistance for a very long period, having minimal fluctuations

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Highly reliable for safety to human life

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More surface area of conduction

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Adequate galvanization and highly conductive

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Designed to handle high peak current & maximum fault current dissipation instantly

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Controls Radio Frequency Emissions & Electromagnetic interferences

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Provides stable reference potentials for instrument accuracy

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Discharges short circuit currents

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Fit and forget solutions

Underground Earthing Electrode

The construction details of the Chemical Earthing Electrode are as bellow: There is a solid conductor (highly galvanized), enclosed inside another highly galvanized Chemical Earthing Electrode. The space in between is filled with anticorrosive & conductive compound. The electrode composite system which is firmly packed / welded & sealed with sealant & is ready to use. The basic purpose of the mineral filling compound is to resistance and to create a low resistance zone surrounding the electrode uniform environment so that the electrode output is constant.

Use of salt & charcoal is eliminated in the method of effective earthling & instead a specially developed, natural eco friendly material with improved properties is used. This is non corrosive, has capacity to absorb & retain moisture from the surrounding. Being non soluble in water, it stays at the place and in not washed out by the rain water/underground water. This mineral filling compound is highly conductive. 

“Maintains low resistance value for a long period having the bare minimum fluctuations. And wide range of products & sizes to suit any and every earthing requirement”.

COMPANY PROFILE

Siri Earthing and Lightning Protections

In all cases, the backfill medium should be conductive but non-corrrosive in nature, be of a relatively small particle article size and should, help to retain moisture for a considerable period of time. More often than not the previous excavated soil is suitable able as a backfill, but should be sieved to remove any large stones and placed around the electrode, elect taking care to ensure that it is well compacted. The soil should maintain a pH value between 6.0 (acidic) to 10.0 (alkaline). Normal stiff clay is not a suitable backfill ackfill material as, if heavily compacted; it may become almost impervious to water and could remain relatively dry. It may also form large lumps, which do not consolidate arround the electrode avoiding to make good contact act with soil to the electrode itself BFC, (back fill compound) is a specially developed compound, which is capable of absorbing and retaining the moistu moisture for a long time, it reduces the soil resistivity, it helps in faster dissipation of fault cur current, least fluctuation of Ohmic value and it eliminates the use of Salt, Charcoal etc. around ound the Earthing Electrode. It has low solubility, solubilit hence is not easily washed away, and has a low resistivity (approximately 5-10 Ohm-meters in a saturated solution). It is virtually tually neutral, having a pH value of between 6.2 and 6.9. Should not generally cause environmen onmental difficulties in use. It assists in mainttaining a relatively low resistivity over a long period of time, in areas where salts in the vicinity are dissolved away by water movements (rainfall etc.). However, the fact that the material is not easily dissolved will moderate the benefits achieved, since it will not permeate far into the ground. This means that the beneficial effect will be localized for say an area excavated around a buried electrode. This in turn means that the reduction in the resistance value of the elect electrode will not be dramatic but will be reasonably easonably sustainable Materials, which should not be used as backfill Compound, include sand, co kebreeze, eeze, cinders, and power s station ash, as many of them are e acidic and corrosive cor in nature. It is always placed around ound the earth electrode in the earth pit to improve imp the conductivity of earth electrode ode and ground contact area. The greatest advantage ad to use the product is that it eliminates the use of coal and salt mixture and will not shrink and crack with time. Our Make back ack fill compound (earth enhancement material) erial) is : 1.

A Homogeneous mixture based upon Bentonite of naturally occurring hygroscopic oscopic conducting compounds. It is chemically activated and modified for earthing/grounding needs, which increases eases the earthing system efficienc efficiency.

2.

A hygroscopically oscopically natured and swells considerably removes emoves entrapped air thereby creating a strong connection in between the electrode and the soil.

3.

Non-toxic, xic, non-reactive, non-explosive and non-corrrosive in nature and thermally stable which makes BFC ideal for earthing / grounding purposes.

4.

A superior conductive material that solves the toughest earthing/grounding thing/grounding needs, improves the effectiveness regardless of soil conditions. We make BFC is an ideal material to use in areas of poor conductivit conductivity, high corrosion and frequent moisture moistu fluctuations in the soil i.e. rocky grounds, saline coastal areas, sandy or gravel soil, and moun mountain ranges. Highly swell special type clay mixed with other minerals of different properties operties can bind water to a great extent. The main principle of our make BFC is to bind the BFC with water to the sandy or rocky soil or any type of soil and to sheath the electrode with it. This sheathing is conductive, non-corrosive and enlarges the surface area a of the electrode ode to conduct effectively, thus enhancing the efficiency effici of earthing/g earthing/grounding system

IS: 30431987

Description from Indian standards

Our comments

At above about 20 percent moisture the resistivity is very little affected while below 20 percent the resistivity increase very abru abruptly with decrease in

Our back fill compound

moisture content. A difference of little percent moisture will is highly hygroscopic in

8.6

therefore, make a very marked difference in the effectiveness of the earth connection if the moisture

nature; it has high capacity to absorb moisture of its

content falls below 20 percent. The normal moisture content of soils ranges from 10 percent in dry

volume. Due to the water absorption the moisture

seasons to 35 percent in wet seasons and an

percentage is adequately

approximate average may be perhaps 16 to 18 percent.

maintained during dry seasons.

8.8.1 Approximately 90 present of the resistance between a

Our back fill compounds filled

driven rod and earth lies within a radius of about two

in vicinity to earthing electrode

meters from the rod. This should be kept in mind when applying the agents for artificial treatment of

is highly conducting in nature and have very low

soil.

resistivity that helps to obtain lower earth resistance.

Where the resistance of a single plate is higher than the required value, two or more plates may be used in parallel and the total resistance is than inversely proportional to the number of employed, provided that each plate is installed outside the resistance area of any other. This normally requires a separation of about 10 m but for sizes For obtaining required value of plate generally employed, a separation of 2 m is earth pit are connected in sufficient to ensure that the total resistance will not exceed parallelconsidering the local the value obtained from the above formula by more than 9.1.1 20 percent.

soil condition and practical difficulties of installation. Our system totally

The use of coke breeze as an infill is not

eliminates the use of charcoal and salt.we use

recommended as it may result in corrosion not only of

specially developed BACK FILL

the electrode itself but also of cable sheaths, etc, to which COMPOUND for preventing 9.2.1 it may be bonded. corrosion FS-33, FS-48, FS-63, FS-78 For conventional sizes, the resistance is approximately inversely proportional to the linear dimensions, not the

Models are tested for 7.5kA, 30 kA, 50 kA, &

surface area that is a 0.9 m x0.9 m plate would have a resistance approximately 25 percent higher than a 1.2 x

75 kA respectively for 1 sec for short current in

1.2 m plate. The current loading capacity of a 1.2 x 1.2 m Electrical Research & plate is of the order of 1600 A for 2 s and 1300 A for 3 Development 9.2.1

s.

Association, (ERDA), Baroda

Pipes may be of cast iron of not less than 100 mm diameter, 2.5 to 3 m long and 13 mm thick. Such pipes cannot be driven satisfactory and may, therefore, be more expensive to install than plates for the same effective area. We use 33mm to 77mm dia Alternatively, mild steel water-pipes of 38 to 50 mm pipe of medium or heavy 9.2.1 diameter are employed.

grade.

Care should be taken to select a material that is resistant to corrosion in the type of soil in which it will be used.

Due to use of heavy

Tests in a wide variety of soils have shown that copper, whether tinned or not, is entirely satisfactory (subject to

copper/galvanised plating as per UL standards and specially

the precautions given in this sub clause), the average loss formulated BACK FILL in weight of specimens 150 mm x 25 mm x 3 mm buried COMPOUND the life of our

9.3

for 12 years in no case exceed 0.2 percent per year.

system FLAT PATTI IN PIPE

Corresponding average losses for unprotected ferrous specimens (For example, cast iron, wrought iron or mild

TECHNOLOGY exceed to more than 15 years in normal soil

steel) used in the tests were as high as 2.2 percent per

conditions.

year. Considerable and apparently permanent protection appears to be given to mild steel by galvanizing, the test showing galvanized mild steel to be little inferior to copper with an average loss not greater than 0.5 percent per year.

Item No.

APRSD Unit No.

Description of item

TPT Rate

TML Rate

Chemical Earthing (40mm Dia GI Pipe 2 Mtrs) 9.1.10 Providing of Independent Chemical Earthing after excavating an earth pit of size1.5 m X 0.9 m X 2.05 m(Top 1.50 m X 0.90 m X 0.9m & bottom 1.20 m X 0.90 m X 1.15 m) with the following specification:(a) The Earth Electrodes, 40mm dia, wall thickness 3.25 mm, terminal Size 25x8 mm, terminal hole dia 12 mm, 2 meter long, galvanized, including 1 bag (25Kg to a bag) of Earth Life Compound, as per IS 3043, Base Metal: IS marked branded mild steel pipes.

--

Each

5721.78

5856.00

--

Each

8291.03

8502.67

Makes: Potential / Shake Hands / Mars. b) The Earth Electrode shall be inserted into the ground for 1.75 Mtrs. Below the inspection chamber bottom 300mm all around this Earth Electrode shall be covered with 25 Kgs. Of Earth Life Compound (c) The excavated gap shall be back filled with excavated earth, and shall be properly consolidated with water. (d) The top 0.25 m of Earth pipe shall be exposed into inspection chamber of Hume pipe . The all around inspection chamber shall be providied with 18" dia hume pipe. Earth connections shall be given to the Earth Elecrods with bolts, nuts & washers. (e) A 65 mm dia PVC conduit is to be embeded through hume pipe at one side, to lay the Earth from the Earth bus to the Electrode through the PVC conduit and after laying the Earth, the pit entry PVC conduit is to be sealed with Bitumen compound. (f) Necessary Meggar testing is to be done in the presence of the concerned Engineers, and the reading should be as per IE standards. Chemical Earthing (40mm Dia GI Pipe 3 Mtrs) 9.1.11 Providing of Independent Chemical Earthing after excavating an earth pit of size1.5 m X 1.2 m X 3 m (Top 1.50 m X 1.20 m X 0.9m & bottom 1.20 m X 1.20 m X 2.10 m) with the following specification:(a) The Earth Electrode, 40mm dia, wall thickness 3.25 mm, terminal Size 25x8 mm, terminal hole dia 12 mm, 3 meters long, galvanized, including 2 bags (50Kg to a bag) of Earth Life Compound, as per IS 3043, Base Metal: IS marked branded mild steel pipes. Makes: Potential / Shake Hands / Mars. b) The Earth Electrode shall be inserted into the ground for 2.75 Mtrs. Below the inspection chamber bottom 300mm all around this Earth Electrode shall be covered with 50 Kgs. Of Earth Life Compound.

127

Item No.

APRSD Unit No.

Description of item

TPT Rate

TML Rate

(c) The excavated gap shall be back filled with excavated earth, and shall be properly consolidated with water. (d) The top 0.25 m of Earth pipe shall be exposed into inspection chamber of Hume pipe . The all around inspection chamber shall be providied with 18" dia hume pipe. Earth connections shall be given to the Earth Elecrods with bolts, nuts & washers. (e) A 65 mm dia PVC conduit is to be embeded through hume pipe at one side, to lay the Earth from the Earth bus to the Electrode through the PVC conduit and after laying the Earth, the pit entry PVC conduit is to be sealed with Bitumen compound. (f) Necessary Meggar testing is to be done in the presence of the concerned Engineers, and the reading should be as per IE standards. Chemical Earthing (40 mm Dia Copper Pipe 2Mtrs) 9.1.12 Providing of Independent Chemical Earthing after excavating an earth pit of size1.5 m X 0.9 m X 2.05 m(Top 1.50 m X 0.90 m X 0.9m & bottom 1.20 m X 0.90 m X 1.15 m) with the following specification:(a) Supply of Copper Earth Electrode, 38 mm dia wall thickness 1.60 mm, 2 meter long, inner space of pipe filled with high conductive material along with 1 bag (25Kg to a bag) of Earth Life Compound. Makes: Potential / Shake Hands / Mars. b) The Earth Electrode shall be inserted into the ground for 1.75 Mtrs. Below the inspection chamber bottom 300mm all around this Earth Electrode shall be covered with 25 Kgs. Of Earth Life Compound (c) The excavated gap shall be back filled with excavated earth, and shall be properly consolidated with water. (d) The top 0.25 m of Earth pipe shall be exposed into inspection chamber of Hume pipe . The all around inspection chamber shall be providied with 18" dia hume pipe. Earth connections shall be given to the Earth Elecrods with bolts, nuts & washers. (e) A 65 mm dia PVC conduit is to be embeded through hume pipe at one side, to lay the Earth from the Earth bus to the Electrode through the PVC conduit and after laying the Earth, the pit entry PVC conduit is to be sealed with Bitumen compound. (f) Necessary Meggar testing is to be done in the presence of the concerned Engineers, and the reading should be as per IE standards.

128

--

Each

15113.78

15341.92

Item No.

APRSD Unit No.

Description of item

TPT Rate

TML Rate

Chemical Earthing (40mm Dia Copper 3.0 Mtrs) 9.1.13 Providing of Independent Chemical Earthing after excavating an earth pit of size1.5 m X 1.2 m X 3 m (Top 1.50 m X 1.20 m X 0.9m & bottom 1.20 m X 1.20 m X 2.10 m) with the following specification:a) Supply of Copper Earth Electrode, 38 mm dia wall thickness 1.60 mm, 3 meter long, inner space of pipe filled with high conductive material along with 2 bags (25Kg to a bag) of Earth Life Compound. Makes: Potential / Shake Hands / Mars. b) The Earth Electrode shall be inserted into the ground for 2.75 Mtrs. Below the inspection chamber bottom 300mm all around this Earth Electrode shall be covered with 50 Kgs. Of Earth Life Compound. (c) The excavated gap shall be back filled with excavated earth, and shall be properly consolidated with water. (d) The top 0.25 m of Earth pipe shall be exposed into inspection chamber of Hume pipe . The all around inspection chamber shall be providied with 18" dia hume pipe. Earth connections shall be given to the Earth Elecrods with bolts, nuts & washers. (e) A concrete bed of size 0.8 M X 0.8 M X 0.1 M thick and an inspection chamber having inside measurements of 0.4 M X0.4 M X 0.4 M with wall thickness of 100 mm with cement concrete CC (1:2.5:5) using 20 mm HBG Metal is to be constructed with side wall 100 mm above ground level and plastering the exposed walls neatly with CM 1:3 with 12 mm thick. The Top of the Inspection Chamber is to be provided with reinforced precasted RCC Slab with 40mm thick with lifting hook. (f) 65mm dia PVC Pipe is to be embedded at the pit entry for earth. After laying earth from earth conductor bus to Electrode trough PVC Pipe, the surface should be covered with bitumen and grease. The cost of GI/Copper flat to be run from Earth Electrode to the equipment is to be made separately on running meter basis. The work shall be executed strictly as per IS 3043 - 1987. The rate includes cost and conveyance of all materials, labour charges, incidental charges etc., complete (Note:- Necessary meggaring testing is to be carried out in the presence of concerned Engineers and measurement of resistance shall be as per ISI standards) CHEMICAL EARTHING TWIN PIPE TECHNOLOGY (PIPE IN PIPE) 2 MTRS.

129

--

Each

21076.08

21523.40

APRSD Item Unit Description of item No. No. -Each 9.1.14 Providing of Independent Chemical Earthing after excavating an earth pit of size1.5 m X 0.9 m X 2.05 m(Top 1.50 m X 0.90 m X 0.9m & bottom 1.20 m X 0.90 m X 1.15 m) with the following specification:(a) Earth Electrodes Twin Pipe With Rod Technology, outer pipe dia 48.2 mm dia (wall thickness: 3.25 mm), inner pipe dia: 26mm, (wall thickness: 2.6 mm) Rod 12 mm dia, terminal: 32 x 10mm, hot dip galvanized (80 to 100 microns), inner space filled with high conductive material length : 2 meter, along with 1 bag (25Kg) of Earth Life Compound. (As per IS 3043:1987), BASE METAL;IS MARKED BRANDED MILD STEEL PIPE.

TPT Rate 7643.78

TML Rate 7797.22

14844.08

15229.08

Makes: Potential / Shake Hands / Mars. b) The Earth Electrode shall be inserted into the ground for 1.75 Mtrs. Below the inspection chamber bottom 300mm all around this Earth Electrode shall be covered with 25 Kgs. Of Earth Life Compound (c) The excavated gap shall be back filled with excavated earth, and shall be properly consolidated with water. (d) The top 0.25 m of Earth pipe shall be exposed into inspection chamber of Hume pipe . The all around inspection chamber shall be providied with 18" dia hume pipe. Earth connections shall be given to the Earth Elecrods with bolts, nuts & washers. (e) A 65 mm dia PVC conduit is to be embeded through hume pipe at one side, to lay the Earth from the Earth bus to the Electrode through the PVC conduit and after laying the Earth, the pit entry PVC conduit is to be sealed with Bitumen compound. (f) Necessary Meggar testing is to be done in the presence of the concerned Engineers, and the reading should be as per IE standards. CHEMICAL EARTHING TWIN PIPE TECHNOLOGY (PIPE IN PIPE 3 Meters) 9.1.15 Providing of Independent Chemical Earthing after excavating an earth pit of size 1.5 m X 1.2 m X 3 m (Top 1.50 m X 1.20 m X 0.9m & bottom 1.20 m X 1.20 m X 2.10 m) with the following specification:a) Earth Electrodes Twin Pipe With Rod Technology outer pipe dia 76 mm dia (wall thickness: 3.65 mm), inner pipe dia: 48mm, (wall thickness: 3.25 mm) Rod 18 mm dia, terminal: 40 x 10mm, hot dip galvanized (80 to 100 microns), inner space filled with high conductive material length : 3 meter, along with 2 bag (50Kg) of Earth Life Compound. (As per IS 3043:1987), BASE METAL;IS MARKED BRANDED MILD STEEL PIPE.

Makes: Potential / Shake Hands / Mars.

130

--

Each

Item No.

APRSD Unit No.

Description of item

TPT Rate

TML Rate

b) The Earth Electrode shall be inserted into the ground for 2.75 Mtrs. Below the inspection chamber bottom 300mm all around this Earth Electrode shall be covered with 50 Kgs. Of Earth Life Compound. (c) The excavated gap shall be back filled with excavated earth, and shall be properly consolidated with water. (d) The top 0.25 m of Earth pipe shall be exposed into inspection chamber of Hume pipe . The all around inspection chamber shall be providied with 18" dia hume pipe. Earth connections shall be given to the Earth Elecrods with bolts, nuts & washers. (e) A concrete bed of size 0.8 M X 0.8 M X 0.1 M thick and an inspection chamber having inside measurements of 0.4 M X0.4 M X 0.4 M with wall thickness of 100 mm with cement concrete CC (1:2.5:5) using 20 mm HBG Metal is to be constructed with side wall 100 mm above ground level and plastering the exposed walls neatly with CM 1:3 with 12 mm thick. The Top of the Inspection Chamber is to be provided with reinforced precasted RCC Slab with 40mm thick with lifting hook. (f) 65mm dia PVC Pipe is to be embedded at the pit entry for earth. After laying earth from earth conductor bus to Electrode trough PVC Pipe, the surface should be covered with bitumen and grease. The cost of GI/Copper flat to be run from Earth Electrode to the equipment is to be made separately on running meter basis. The work shall be executed strictly as per IS 3043 - 1987. The rate includes cost and conveyance of all materials, labour charges, incidental charges etc., complete (Note:- Necessary meggaring testing is to be carried out in the presence of concerned Engineers and measurement of resistance shall be as per ISI standards) SUPPLY OF EARTH LIFE COMPOUND FOR CHEMICAL EARTHING 9.1.16 Supply of Earth Life Compound as per IS 3043: 1987 bag consists of 25 Kgs. Makes: Potential / Shake Hands / Mars.

9.2

--

Each

1100.00

1111.00

--

Rmt.

105.04

109.61

G.I / Copper Strip for Earthing

9.2.1 Supply and run of 25mm X 6mm G.I Strip for earth electrode to required places by concealing in walls, flooring by cutting the grooves and replastering neatly and giving necessary connection with 3/8"x2" GI Bolts, Nuts and Washers wherever joints has to be done. The strip has to be either riveted (or) bolted (or) gas welding neatly and all labour charges etc., complete.

131

Marketing Office:

Corporate Office:

No 23/118

No 18-7-33,

Bhudevi Nagar,

Prasanthi Nagar,

Venkatapuram,

Khadi Colony,

SECUNDRABAD,

TIRUPATHI,

Andhra Pradesh-500 003, INDIA.

Andhra Pradesh-500 001, INDIA.

Mobile :+91-9160404594,584.

Mobile :+91-9160404592,595.

e-mail : [email protected]

e-mail : [email protected]