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JOANNA PA'truCJA·R.:PADR.ID .
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·. Th_e_ MEMO~Y AID _-(Mem~id) is a c~mp~·ndi~m -. a· ~ynthesis ·9f different -lav..,· ·. : . _ materials available to the public, emphasjzlnq.pertlnent 'detalls that its readers. need-to · · befamlllar with: . Being thorouch and extensive, the MemAid aims tohelp.barristers in '. · · . their .preparettons-for.the. bar, a;iilximizing their ·urre, by doing ·a.way:'with the need of ... ·.• · · reading .q lot of different review materlalscThus, the MemAid isthebarristers' much .' · needed companion: . . \ ·, .. . ·. . . . .
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: · · ' . Thi~ year:·:the San ~~cfa· Bar .Qperati~ris °(CBO) ~oti~fr1uest~,uphold · its legacy of service' and. excellence ln.helplnq •the barristers hurdle the· bar. It ii . the ferverit hope of the CBO tha·t ·th'e·:M~mAid :will· contribute to. the success qf .all . ·. "barristers as they· hurdle. the last leg ·'.of.their' journey towards.becomlnq the lawyers · . they aspire to be. It niay be arduous .but as Paulo Coelho putsIt: "When you want . · . .sornethinq, ~11..the universe conspire for youto 'achieve it.".·. _-:· · · .. , ·· . · ..
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ARTICLE 40: EMf?LOYMENT PERMIT _9.F :NON-R!=,SI_Dl;:NTAUENS .· . · ARTICLE'41: P.-ROHIBITION AGAINST TRANSFER OF :EMPLOYMENT.ARTICLE 42:' SUBMISSIOf,J·OF ust :·.: :::.:, .. :.:,.:::.: .. : ::.'.: .. .- ::, :i.. :
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ARTICLE 17: .PHl~IPPINE OVE.BSEA$ AND'-!::M_PLO"(MENT ADMIN.ISJAATION (PQEA) ..... : .. :.. .
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HUMAN RESO.UR°CES.• i:.•·.. :~.,:, .- ; ~, ,.:.~., .. : .., :··· .. ········~······; ·. tiTtE :ONE: NATIONAL _MANPOWER DEVELOPM~NT_ PROGRAIIII..:' ..~.. ;
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2019 SAN SEDA LAWCENTAAUZED . . .• . . . . BAR.OPERATIONS ' . . . . 1-
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· TABLE o·.F. CONTENTS
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AFhi°CLE 57:..STATl;MENT OF OBJE.CTIVES FOR-°;:HE TRAINING AND EMPLOYMENT.OF.· . SPE<::IAL.WORKERS .: : : .. : : : ..,,, - . .. : :.... 27· ARTICI.£ 58: OEFINITION OF TERMS: . : :., e ••• ·•••• : -, : 27 . ARTICLE 59: QUALIFICATIONS OF. APPRENTICES .. , . ._: :: ., :........ -27 · AR'rlCl:.E 60: EMPLOYMENT OF.APPRENTICES : .: :.: : :., :,.:. '?,] · A~TICLE 61: .CONT_ENTS OF APPRENTISHIP _AGRE_EMENT _ _ .' ,:, , :· 28 ·ARTICLE 62: SI.GNING .. OF APPRENTICESHIP AGRE_EMENT ,.:: · : . .'... 28 . ' ARTIC~E 63: VENUE OF.APPRENTICESHIP _PROGRAM _ ..; : .- · ,::;.,... 28 ARTICLE 64:_.SP(?N$QRING·OF AP,PRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS ;: ,, : ,.' .. . 28 ARTICLE 65-67:VIOLATION OF-AP.PRENTICESHIP.AGREEMENT , , :............. . 28 . ,·_ARTICLE·~s:."fi.pi'J.-fup·E TEST~ .-.: _ .. : _.:.- , : :.:.: . .-., ..-,:-...-.,; .. , ..:: ..··: _ ., : .. : · 29 ·ARTICLE 69: RESPONSIBILITY FOR.THEORETICAL INSTRUCTION .: : ; :......... . 29· · "i\RTICll;-iO: VOLUNTARY o'RGNIZAT.ION OF APPRENTICESHIR PROGRAMS ,.; : , .. , 29 . . ARTICL,E-i1 =.P~i?LiCTAS.ILITYOF TRAINING COSTS ..· ~ '.: _. :,.: .:.: ; ;:.:,· : ,.: .. . · · · 2299··, · · -ARTICLE 72: APPRENT.1,CESWITHOUT COMPESANTION ; :.: ,;., .. , : , : . CHAPTE.R II: LEARNER.S .::.. : .. : _ :.. :._ _. r ., ••. :_. .. ; :.:.: ,, , : _..: •• _ '.· _·._:·3300··. . · ARTICl:.E 73: .LE,ARNERS DEFINED : :.: : ; :: : . . ARTICLE-74: WHE'N LEA.RNERS MAY.BE HIRED:." ;,.: : : ; : .. : ..•. .':.. : : .-......... 30,. ARTICLE 75: LEARNERSHiP'AGREEMENT : : : , : .. ::.,.· .. : : •. '· · · ·30 ARTIG_L~· 76: l.l;:t\RN_ERS ·1.N ..Pl~QEWORK: _ · .; _.:- .i.: : :.. ,, .. ,., .. _::.:·.-.: '... :.... • . 30 . ARTICL~ 77: P,EN.A~TY CLAUSE : , _. _.,.: : :: .. ~,.: _._:._ ; ,.-,·. · . · 31 . CHAPTER.Ill: HANmCAPPED WORKE~S : ,:· : , : _., .. ·.: :: :::.. : : · 31 .· A~TICLE _7~: _DEFIN[flON .:.: .. : _ .. .".. :.: :_.~ _. :._. : .._ " _. ..:.. ,:.:.: : .-.:···:..... . . 31' . , ARTICLE 79:· WHEN ·ts· A HAN DICAPP.ED WORKER EMPLOYABLE , , :·.: :.. ·. · 31 . _ARTiCLE 80: _E~f>~()YME,NT.AGREEMENT GONTENTS : ...~ ..: _.:,._: :_.: ;.,,:·~; I: :.:_. : 32 . AR'flCLE 81",,EUGl~ILQY .FOR APPRE_NTICESHIP : ,., _., : ·.·:··,···:···: , _.,: :... 34 · CONDiTiONS OF EMPLOYMENT ~.- : , , :;_... : ::.. , : .-:, :,,: :.:: . TITLE ·I, WO.R.KI_N.~ C.(?ND~TION$ AND "R~S! PERIODS :_.:.: _..,_: ::/.:._. .. :·······,•., .. :./-:.,.~
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· "WEEKLY:REST PERIOD: ; , : , :.: : .: : ~ : : , ··. . 51 . · ARTICLE,91; .RfGH'.f"TO A WEEKI,..Y-·RE~T ·o.AY. ...-.:.,.. ." ,.:~,-:, .-, :.: _ : : : .. · '..:: :.: .-: ::·.: : 51 ·.- ARTl,CI-E·92°: WHEN:E.MPLOYER MAYREQUIRE'WORK ON.REST DAY : ::~ . .: :.: .. :.. ·· :· · 51· "AR"J:'.ICLE ~3: C_OMP!:.NSAJ"ION FOR R~ST DAY:.su·NDAY., .OR HOLIPAfWORK, ,:i:.. ::.:.-.:.: ',. · 52"
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.ARTICLE 1: NAME OF BECREE The Decreeshall be known as theJ.abor Code of the Philippines (PD 'No 442 as amended, Art. 1).
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Labor Re!atl~n~·defines the status, righf$,'·and ·. duties, and ttie'·instituiion~1·· .mechanlsms ' that. t• • • goyein'the· individual and. collective. interactions " , Lab.o'r 0f . ·: employers, employees, · '. or . their 1.: . lt js 'the exertion. by human beinqs of phys_i?al or · representatlves (1. AZUCENA, supra at. 8). ·:... ~.(:.· . · ment~I ~fforts, or.both, towards the production of . . . ' 'g9ods and services. ·. . . · · ,_ .Note-:. Laboi'.'.R.e!aHons laws, en.ablf;l . .;,..orl<,ers', to . · ~--~_2,_,' .. z. It also· means that sector or group in ~ society . · . .obtaln 'from. their. employers . more than the '.'~. which 'darives·it~ li'(eli)'lo'Cid.chiefly from. renoi~ion· · n:iinimum benefits.set by the labor standards: law l.s·· · ·of; work , ·or . services · '..ii") exchanqe'. for .. · (ALCANTAR.A, R'av_iff!wer- in Lebor.ena Social compensation · .under ... .rrianaqeriaf direction ·. Legislation _200!3, . . p: 2) > [hereinafter. t.. · · (MENDOZA, P.hilippine Labor· StancJ.ar~s an~ . ,:.~ -, · ALCANTARA, R$.v/ewer]. · ··. , . : . . . · · , · .Welfar(J·Legfs/ati9n (2001),. p. 3). [heremaftevr.r~:-i·: · . . . .: · . · · .. . . .. . M~ivDOZ(',]. ', . . .. . : . ~,1)01Jgf) th~ distinction between._Jabo_r standards ,• f. .-;;;,'t:(.-if/ .. OJ'h4 _la~r rel~_tioi:Js_i.~ useful._for academic p_u_rpo~es, If ·_AR!IC.L~ 2:.D.J\TE OF EFF.ECTIVITY . . \.1 t;.,0( t,jq/~Y. .9y_erla,P.,t!lt~ahty,,_For 1nstaricet t.he.gn~varic~ :'-' . The' L_ab9r ~ode-,-took e~ect on N_o.ve_m_ber.. 1,·_ W7t\:;:tlr.,, Jabor_rela~ions · rnatter but. v.ery·often or'six (6) months :~tter its. proi;nulgatlon. _BJJ.}'la_y1',v · · the ~bjEiet·.~1~t=1·compl~mt is labor stantlards such ~~ , · 1974 (LAB9R (;OQE, A.rt. 2). · . 'as unpald.bil~tiime,work or a disciplinary action (1 1 t_:'. . · . ·; ·· ... , · · · ··- ·: . 'f ( (( . · .f?' AZUCENA/s,'hp,;a at 8). · . · . . . · = · Labor·Legisl.ation .· . <'1,( r. _.,.":71d' ·••· }1.. . .. Jj :~ ~ ,_-·Labor Jegislation co.rJsist~. of ~~~~(e~,~eb~).~Jions . Social UlgiS:~ti~ . ·.. .,' :. ·.. . '. ..: · . and ·jur)spru~e.nce.gove.rnmg rela~orl betwe~t-t~ . r-~1., · • 1 ... Th4e ~ s ·· l~at ~rovide . P~i:tic:uf~r ~mds of ~" .. capit~l .. ~Od . !a~Of,..;. by. PtP,YiJdl.!)_..Q:s:-l:t~"" ce,~~-n.· ·-t>~tEfe~1$?_(1~4.p.rli!?.gr:tef1ts to soc1!:lty_ or ·_se~ments .-emploW'l~nt .standarc:!s. an~ -~-J;I!;}~' Jf~~~Y"ork,;}9.~. iJ:;I · th~(eii~ili,UJ{!rfherance·_of. ~oc1al Justice (1 ,:iego_tjati!1Q,. adjus.t.f0.9. -~nd : a€f!UJQ1~~/r/lf.ll tho_~~·." 1 AZl;JC~NA, s_up(a)~9~; .. .. , ... . . . ~' ,• standards:'s:)nP. 9th.er .IOCIQ~nts ·of11.:_~J:!1ploywent·/(1 ·" ..... L.2 That. which reqwres··pa_ymel']t _of benefits. by AZLJC.EN_A,'. T.f:le Labor q>_de· w11h C9-r.nme.,msand .L.:ri:,;?~gp_veJnrn~niagerjcir;:s to the workE1.r or his·family t!f: Cases (2016), p. 7) [herema.ff.er, 1 AZl,le)."i'v}\,.l-;.?98f~~.:..::.1k::.,,1:~wh'lrn~nd while he cannot work, by reason of ~; ;-.qo~e]: . : .. . - . . : . . sickness; disability; old ag_e, _death, a_nd similar . · '-"·~-·dA.· · · · ha?ards: (~LCANTARA;supr,: enh~nce· the L~bor..l.eg1sl~Ji?n is. ?!'6.adlydfvided irito: . . : .. . . · . . : . · ·w~lfare of the .people ~~er\ ~hen .tJ;lere is no. ,f-,,. 1. Labor. ,Stanc;ta.rds .,,refers t,o.. ._t.he . term,s and : . · . employer-employs.~~elabo.ns~1p·(Jc1_.). · . ~~:.:. condition's·of ~mplOYf1\ent that.employers- must. . · ·
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CYRIELL· SUMANQl,JI Over,:al/ .:. Cha.irJwsori, .ERICA· ·MAE C: VJSTA:Chai;Mrso1:1for · Aqadem!CS.· ';11,filL ·. REI . .E. ,B~ERO qatrpeisonfo.rHoti!I bj,erations,JHEI;S~LOUISE.B.. D~O·Vic~ Chairpetson-Jor. . !kcretariat, EARL 'JUSJ'IN ·M: ... YAMBAO J/ice .Chairpersri'! for Opera'.~ions, ~ .i\NQ;BLICA )3."
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SAN eeo« tAW cENTRAutro·aAR OPcRAnoNs - MEMORY Ato 2019 ,sisw,as · p± HE sd &aw
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c, 'R-ight. to just . .§.tiare in the fruits of__: · production; arid . · . . · i;i. ·. Right to .work . under !:!umane .. conotticns .. (1987 CONStJTUT-/ON, °Art. XIII, Sec. 3). Unde~- Labor ~elations.;·,(COP~L . : ., :· · .. a. . Hight to £onduet celleouve bargaining or . neqotlationwith management; - . · · b. Right to Organi.zethemselves: . · · . . . . c. · · Right 'to _e~rti_cipate in policy a)1d decision~ making · processes; .and . . · -d. ~ight_· to gi,gage in · peaceful concerted . : .. activities Including strike '(CONST. Art.. XJII, ' ·. · .. ·. Sec. ·3)... r: ·. ·.·.' ·. · · ·· ·
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.2019_ SAN Bl;;QA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPE~ TIONS
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Sec~·20: Tlie·State recopnizes, the indiepensable role· of. the. private .sector, encouraqes private enterprise, and provides inceritives to·'needed
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. Tb th.is end·, the State shall r.egu.late the · . . acquisition, ownership, use, and disp~sition:-of . property and.its increments., ' .
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Sec;:.· 2. The promotion of social· ju~tice shall includei Jhe. cbmmitrl]_~:ml ·t.o .cteate ecqnomic· :opportunities-based on fr~edo111 ofinitia.tive'arid. self~reliance. · '· ·· · ·
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enhance the right. of all. the people to hum~n dignity, repuce social, ecori.omic, and political ilieq4atities,. and remove cultural 'inequities· by equitably diffusing wealth ar:id political power for the·comrriori.good: . · · · ·
·sec. 1. No person shall -be deprived ,ot nte. liberty;' 61' property without due process of laliy, nor . ~hall any person he :~~nie'c:L the' equal .. profecfrqn--of.ttie·Jaws. ", . . . . : .
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Sec.r:18. Th~ State. affirms ·1abbr: as·~ primary social ·.ec9nomic force. It shall protect the rights of workers ~nd prqmofe'th~ir welfare. : ..
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Sec. 3. Th~ 'State shall ~ffQrd full. protection to labor, local arid overseas,' or:ganlzed and· unorganized,·and promote full employment and · equality ·of. employment opportunities
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· s·ec. 4~. No i~w shall oepassed ·abricigihg. -the -freedorn of_-speeGh, .of expression, .:or, d.f the· . 1 press; qr -the .right. of the people peaceably to ·
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-~Qr ,all. . .. . . . . ·.1t~hallguar_antee tile dg'hts ~tali workers to . [i;.. . . Sec. 7:Jhe,rig~t ofthe peqpJ~_tcfinformati~~;'p.9.,-:,,.,,.~ .. $e_lf-o~~~ni.~atjon, c:ollecttve. bargaining:a.nd . ~ . matters bf _pµ~hc. concern ~ljaU .be tec::ogm~?''.'. ,,.<),;,:i"':'-~e~o!'~'!,?n.s, . a!"d pea~eful · con~~rt~c;f . ~cc;:e.ssto _off!c!afreqords.,an(;l,to_d,':)C~JT'i!;)~~~~/'ll';'.;_.....;,.'..!l_.!5tiY.;~~~!?,f· mc!.udmg. ~he _right to Stl'lke. In. l_?,_.. . · · paperspettalnlnqto..official acts; transactions, or,,JJ 1 · accortla,i~ewith law. . . · ·. ,,. . ·,decisions, as weJ as_to }Joveri'IIP,'~f:'researcti!~d.:f... ... .' .. 1 .g:t~-~~~~d=~·-.b::. 0.1~~e1?~~~' "..:· · · li,mtt~tion~-i;is'-maytie.provic;le.91oy_!af.{J':'.~·· ~· ,W,~;;:r§f>cl~~ts· !,.·,..-.·." . . purposes not_ con1rary to laVI.~ ~hall·..fqot. ·oe · :,[,),.~,-·~The. St;ite shal~, p~om~t0;, the '~pr1nc1p!e of. tt . abridged,:.,· :.· . . . · . ·. . /;,;;.,,__.-!::ii. ,,,.. ,',"" ..,..,,.,,sn~ntd·-re~p0,ns1b1hty_ between wo.rkers :and w.-· . . . . •./. ,.. .,,-_.-/ ·-·:t-,; .... ·.~ ...,oc; ·V"' . . .& • . . .• • .,;!;, ' /•:1-(<'>';:.P.!,'.~~mployers· and- ;the.; pre.,er.~nt1al, ,use of· !..·~_-;: ·.s:ec. ·jo.'"No :1aw\impairir.tg"'.the· ~piigatior.i.(of . . ·voluntary_: ~qcle~. 111 . ·set~l'ing ··disputes~ · . },'!i, Cb!'\tra.cts,~hqll be pas:'sed; -~ · : iJlC~lid~ng;. C(?r:l~ilic:1t_ion; ;.~flc;I:. s.~~U:' ,~force . · ~r· · ., ,. . . """ their mu\~aJ .compliance the.rew1th,to foster· : t/. ·. . :. A.6 •.,AJl:.perst>li~. ~!).all'_ t:iave _!!1'~ ri_ght to ~ .. mdustri~Jpeace~.. spee.oy. disposition·: of th~ir ca!>.~S: before. all . . . ' . ·· ~i:·.· judiGial,.qi.jasi-judicial,·or-admiriistralive.l;>0dies. ·. \. . Thi ·state ,~hail·:· regulate 'the. ,(elations.:
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Sec.·:.13·..·-,The State··~halt establish special · · agency' for · disabled ·. pe_rsons-.·.for· · their .. rehabilitation,. self•development,... · and . self.: r~liance; and their. integration· ... intb · the mainstream of .so~iety. ·
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Note: :This is. very iinp9rtar.it ·labor·" p.rovisioni· . . ·un-~er the· <;:_.onsti(ution. .,.. .
-~~~U ~ro'~.ot.~,th~ p~ef~~en~i~I .. use .of Filipinq'-lab"C>r. ··do'mes~i.c ·r,nate'r.ials. arid
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in. tlie frqi_ts ..of' pr'odt1ctioJ1. arjd _the.'tight":o_f enterprises· to . reasonable .·return~· ', inve'stm~iits;'~rid.lo 'exparisibn aild growtli'• {Protection-to.~Labor~lam~e).. ..
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SAN BEDA LAW c·ENTRALi°ZEO.BAR'OPEJ¥,JlbNS .{
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· Sec: 14:·The State shall protect working women ·. by· providing safe. and healthful ..working . -condltlons, taking into. account thelr maternal functions, and such facilities and .cpportuntttes' that will enhance their welfare and enable.them .. to. realize their "tun "potential in. the service of the natlon .. ·. · · · · ·
~ MEMORY Al£i2019
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h. · Art. 1708: The laborer's wages shall not be subjectto execution or attachment, except fordebts ·iocurred for food, shelter, clothing . and medical attendance. ': .
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Art.;_ 1709,.:The employer 'sna1"1 neither seize · nor retain any·tool or other articles belonging .to the laborer.'. .
!:>. Article· XVI: Genenil Pr~v.lsions Se~.'..i(rhe $tate shall, from tirneto ti~e, review· ,. to lncrease th~ pen~ion·s 'and other benefits due to" retirees of both- ·the qovernment 'and· the
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· ·· · Related l,.aws 1.: .Cfvl_l.,Code .. · · · . . . . . .. . . a. A'1.-19: Every person must, h'i the exercise . · .· of. his: rights and _in·· me pertorrnance of ~
j.' .' Art: 171.0_.·,Disnii.~sal .of'- laborers shall be . .subjeet 10 .the:. ·:supervisipn .. of the . Government, under special laws'. · , · .2. ., .Revis~~ Penal Code : · ·.. '. . . ::: . . . . . a. Art. 27~. Slavery ~·The penaity of prisiqil .'. majioi: and .a fine of not-exceeding' P10,000 "shall:lie ..imposed . upon· anyone Who .shall . · purchase. -s.ell,·. kidnap or detain a human. . · . beir:ig for the.purcoseot .enslaving him.. :
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~_im~: be. c:~~itted. 'for the .: the offended· party to b: Art. 20. Every person w'Jl~conti~rx,,ta-;law, · .·, · · ..~some-;i~oral traffic, th,e·penalty shall be ..· · willfully. ?r _negli~en~ly )f~us-e,Y.JJtm.~.9~""t~}"""""·~-"!'~~~ea 1~)tsmaximum period. ·. , · . · '. . another, shall oompery~~~t~eylatJi}"I•fqr t9~ 1( ,o/ . ) ·'\. ~~<5~ \ · :. . . · ' . . same. · . · (. . !! '. . :.!I.· · j~ Lt>--:.,,. p. ~rt. ExP.loltatlon · .of ch1l_d·. lab.or ...J.9~-... · ···The ;'p -~~YJ.~f-·prlsion correc~ional ·in its !;:. . Art: 21. Any person V.,ili'ct.Wil lly ca(fsesl9ss.·1mF-::--"'!""""""ijiinim.u.; ~n.g~n\i,eq!um:pe~iodsand a fine not or ihjury to anotherflff.',~rn~'n,:1er c&ntr~r11<>?. ~xce_e~i~~-~-P50SJ sh_a11 · be imposed · ·.upon . · .. · mora!s, ~oocl cu.sto~;:.z.flt~ublid_ERUcystpil~~\IL'J/ d . ~nyon~ rt iwlii~. fl .under:· the . p/e!ext of · co°'.pEmsate_the lat(erfar~~eAf'!l!tl~-'- : ·· :=J-.~., · ·. . !.~por~1~ght~s~.lf of ~-~ebt)ncurred b_y an . r·fi'"\~ ~ ~\\ ··. r= .. iffi . , .·.,,,;~-7.'tl"!dj1nt·,~J.1rd1ahor:_persC?,n· entru~ted · · ·. · ·. d ... Art. ~ 700. Tire relabOn--..oeM~er:i :.:'.'{.»1;tt:i.tljg cust<;>ily··of.a mlnc;ir, shall; against lab?r- ar.e .l'.19.l· m~telY\corwenience .. of:. thi .. public : .... ·~ · . ·. · · · : · . ,.' , .. . (PrlilclplE: of-Non~Opp.re~si<>n)..' ,. ." . :· . ·d. Art. -2:iS,· Exploit~t!~n···9f.. minor~ -~·The .. · • · ·. :pen~lty · ti(" prlsir;m:',qorteqcio.naf.. in ifs · _,-. ·.f. . Art. 1.7Q2 .. ·,·~ase of ci";ubt, .all 1.c.ibor. mi9imurn a.nd.me.d.iuinpJ1rl.ods and a.fine riot . : · · l~f)islatio.ns and al( labor corfracts. $hall be, excee·ding P500 sha.11 be imposed up.on:·· . ·:. ". construed favor'. of the·-safe.ty and ~ece,:1t i·. :.A.ny" pe'rson.-who shall·.cause:.a_riy. hoy or . · li.vi~9 for the iaborer. g!rl Ufld~r 16 years ofage to perform:any· · ·· dangerous·f~at of -bi;ilanq!ng, ph_ysical ·.· Not~:" Art. 1702 of theJ3i.vll Code ls' related .. ·streng·~r:i. or contortion; . . . : . . .. ··... to A1°t: 4. the. t.abQr Code on consfruction .. · . . . • : ii. Any" pe.rson. who, being,_.·an· acrobat, in· favor of labor, , : · .: .. . . gyi:n_nast,. r6pEiwalker.; diver,.wild,animal : . · tamer or ·circus man~9er. ot engaged in · g. ·Art.' 1703. No co·ntract:\vl:lfctr practically : . a:·. s.imilar .calling, shall .. employ ·in ' -amou,:1ts to invoit.,mtary seivitude, ·under any exhibitions of these kind.s c.hildr'(;ln.undergu~e.whatsoever, shall ge valid.· 1 e. years of age who are -not his children or'"descendant~;· ·. . : · .
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maintaining or preventing-. coalitions of capltal o,r' labor, strike of laborers or lockout bf .. employer. shall employ violence or threats in such a:degree to compelor force the laborers er employers in the fre'e and legah~xer~ise of their lncustry or work, if the act shall 'not constitute a more serious .. J:iff'.ense in accordance with theprovislons of. .this Code. ·
callings · enumerated · in . the- next p,recedlng paragraph who sh~II· employ any descendant of his under 12 years of ag~ in such dangerous:exhibitions; . . . . . iv. Any ascendant, guardian, teacher or : person ·.entrusted ·in a'ny. capacity. with / the care· of· a· child under '16 years· of age, who , shall deliver -sucn · child ... gr.atuitously to any person following any. .. ; ·. : .. of thecallings enurnerated.inparaqraph 2 hereof, or ta any habitual vagrant or . be,gga'r; ' ·. , ·
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3. Special Lavis · .. a. · ,Social Secur.ity ' System Law (R.A, No. '. 828~); , . .. · . b. -Government ·seNtce insurance System Law .If the q_elive(y'shall have been 'made in . .(R.A. No. ·829·1.);. · .. . . consideration of · · any .. prtce, .. · c. ' Limited: Portability Law (R.A. No. 769~).; ... · cornpensatlon, 'or 'promise, the penalty . ··:d .. National. Health Insurance 'Act (R.A: No. shall in. every c~se be irriposed in· its · 78!.5, .as·ainende~); · .: . . . . .. . · maximum period. · . · . e. · Horne Mutl,lal.Oevelopment.Fund Law (R.A. · .;: . . · . . · · . . : ~ . · ;./-:1,. No. 96WJ,'131h · Month. Pay· Law· (P.Q.. No. . l!J e_i~~er case, th~r·guardian or cur~\gr~~}(.;i 851,' as amend.edJ;Paternity Leave Act (0'.A.··· . convicted shall .atso be removed .. ffO!?)ft/i.:,:;;,,,_ . . No. 8187); . , o~ice· as guardian'or curator; a~d ·in!-~~,,.:.(i:1f;;-j·. . t. Expanded · Maternity Leave Law. (R.A. case.ct ifie :Parents· of the. child, ~e~::.'' .·••:....,.p......_ 11~:1.Q) · · · may. -·be deprived, . temporarHyy 1~9)9~~arentsyvelfare Act (R.A: 8,972) perpetually, · in :.the . tliscretj_o_r:r(rc>f, the \_r 1 . , · · ~-AAt:tioler:ic;~ Against: Women· and· -Thelr court; of their parental'autH'oFity~ and ~ /1,... J . Chi~;'~n Act (RA. 9262). · .. Y·. Any.P,ersc;m-who_sn~·II in.d,.\J.~/~ny·c_h~lt ··(· ~rv,~~nfl'~a'rt~otWbmen(R:f\. 97fO) · . .' .. und~r ·16 y~ar~ of:.age_)~~~ab1.1~~~"·th~ _ J •. · Apjti~~_ex~a~ Harassment ·Act (R.A. No. : . h.ome .of 1~s · as~~R}fants_. · €l}:iattlrans\.. · !,877>.f' · 't . . . : · . ·. .; · .:,.. : . · curators, <;>r· tea?Em~ t~·f~.!_low.· a11~-. 1;,,l .. ·. k .. $p~clpl Pl,totect1on,... of Children ·~gamst. pe~s~~- eng_aged l(6, an.y.c:df.Jl:i~)calihis~ •.. ~,!w.~-~,~~~P.l9ifalion,and D is·crimination Act · . men~loned m ·paragt~ph·i-n,?r}Qf,o~tei.:· ~~"./ _ .- · -(R~N.9,µ7610,·as.amended by R.A. · No. .. accompany-.any · h~blroEJ:;:vagrnnt k:;.. . 9231); · · . . . . . ·.·. beggaF:. · · .. · \i : . · . Y;~ : : · \' ; .,,:,,.T .. :J. Anti'.-Age.. Disc;rimfnati.on in Employment Act .. ~~. · t .- . .• f\'§':' ..~}---_.., ,,., ;7·• . ;\~,' ,1. · 1·• ... •ul (RA. 10911) . • . . . • ;;-,~.:~r ~I···r.j . . ,. . ·: · .. . . · . · . e, · ,Aft_. ·291 .• ·Revea1ing secrets·'1(.~h ab~fi1q~-:._,~-~m :.. f?xi:tanded· Senior. Citizens ~ct (R.(',- 9994, ·. : office - T~e penalty of arres(
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LAB.OR -STANO-ARDS SAN 8£1;:>A_LAW'CENTRALIZE:D BAR OPERATIONS - MEMORY AID 201"9
5 .. ·Assure the ·rights of workers to: .(CJS2) .a.. ~ollective bargainirig; . · · · b. Just and humane conditions of work; c. §elf.-or:ga~izatior:i~ and d._. :§.ecurity openure. .. . . Llrnits-totheProtectlon Afforde.d: . 1. · The protection ·of the· rights qt workers· cannot. justify {lisregard · of relevant.jfacts in the construction 'of the text and applicable rules "in . order to arrive at .a dispositlon in . favor an . . · employee (PAL, lnc. v, NLRc;· G.R: No, 87698, .. ; . ·Septeir,ber 24, .1991); ' ·· . . .. ·· . . ·. ,- Q. ,.C.0t1rts cannot render decislons.on the.basls of . . sympathy for the working men atthe expense pf ' the ,employer (<;altex, PHL, ... tnc.. ·v.. PH, ·labor· . Orgariizatio'n,·$:R.,NQ..
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of the latter (DreamlandHotel Resort·· v. _Johnson, . G.R. No. 191455, March 12, .2014}'. . . . Reasons for Affording Greafer Protection · to Employees: · · 1. · lnaccordance with the doctrine that those.who . -have less in li.f~ should have· rpbre .. in. law · (Eastern Shipping Lines v. · POEA, G,R. No. · 76633, Ocfoberi8; 1988); .. · . . . . . ·.. -2. ln the matter of employment barqalnlnq., the . employer stands" or:i. higher. footing than the t employee (1.AZUCENA," supra at 25);, ·· · . · . . ~-. There· isqreater supply than .demand for-labor · {Id.); and . . . . . 4. Tlie need for-employment by Iabor-comes from· vital, and even desperate, necessity (Sanqhez v. Harry Lyons Construction tnc.,
GR. No.·L::217.9;
3. · Where both parties · 'have 'vidlated the law, , October 1 f!, 1.9sor. . . neither party .. is ·... entitlec( . to . _j:>rotectiq~.,;;."'""""'·"--..._=-·:... . . . · (PAMBUSCO _Employ~es'.· Union lnc~v.f"C'Tk,7 . '"'" ~dljtii"ni..s.trative Interpretation ~ ·· <;,'.R.-N_o. 46727,- Septemb~_r: 27,.'1~:)f!f; an;a:;· J-\t niJ"e regulation·. promulgated.. by · an 4. Protection . to la,bor , auth~z<s"'\ rj~i~:-""""'=e.Sfr!i~istf~~y~~~ody ih. excess of . its rule-making oppression nor self-de~tri.JctiSf'~<:>f}~\,,.eg;>ployer· . autnbr~zy,"i~)\.'OQjd. , -Thus, .an administratlve (Pacific. Mills, In'?. v.·.Alo_n~<){_ ~'JSl,N.ef:, WG900";'£"""."-=tntew.r~t~\(~tl 'wfli9~Jakes.away benefits. gr~n!ed · in . July 26, 1991). . ' . "JJ',Q.~ /tf"'. : lP.) '.!\- . ·!tie law\is- :~~~'+'i'!,te'~- (CE}T9 Employees Union v, . . · . .!/ . • ,Ir; ,4~ ~Jave, G,R. N~-efL-_49fJ.82,Ja{1uary 7, 1986). _ARTICLE 4:. _CONSTRuc110~· 1'tf ·FAY.OR "OF """'~. . . ·. i, \( r[) '\ . . .. . . LABOR· .. · · _ · · .. ·-.·.:--r~. ;= -~~!,!~C~5:RUJd~~--~ND_REG~LATIONS All doubts m the··1n,pl1;3m~nfat1e>A,{afd mter.pretat{§_ ? mm ~,e'irule§. and r.eg9latj~sissued by the DOLE shall ?f the. p~oyisions. of. t~e LilbJr.P,_ra.9e,inchJ,ding-Pl&~~com~l._!:ffecDve:x:c.:· f\~een ::· ·(1 _5) days after 1mpleme~tmg ·rules_ and· irEfguJ.r\rpnQ~~ .• be --:...... <' an~~~~- ~lnt -~f. th rjjadopJ1on m newspapers of resolved m_favor.otla_b9r (LA.BO.l?'j,'SJ.OD'lt!;1.: ~J--:.· ·ii;w . 1 ;a:1'9enetaJ;}:> {ilatL©Ac>(bA'B.OR"COQE,Art. 5).
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°Liniitciltior:~·to. L_ibera!_.Constructi_on:. ·;'---~~--,, J;'°vJt~~ · : . .. . . • · : .· . , -. 1, . Prot~ction .to - labor._and c'resolutipil. of doubts ~in..,.=-··-:,pe~ceptions:{CELFIG} '· ·· · · . '- . :favor (?f lalX>r car:inot bEi):lOrsµe4 to deliberateiy . . 1. · &_orporc1te .officers ·invol'v.ed. in: iritra:.CorporatEl· :. cornm~t c1 miscarriage --of,justice. ,Th~- right. to. · .. disp1,1tes under. P.O.· No, 9.02-A'l}OW fall 1,1nder ,, . obtain.I justi¢e is· :enJoyecJ. .by all 'members of . ·.the_jurisdic.ti~r;i of the Regulc1r.c:;91;1rts porsliaiitto· .: . . socletY,, rich pr pqor\ _wo_lj<eror. manager; alien or : : . the Securities R~Qttlation c~.d~ (Nacpil V, IB_C, .. : ·citizeri!(1 AZUCENA, supra.at·26.:.?7):. • · · · . G.R: No. ·14476·7-, fvfar_ch 21, 2002);' .. . . . . .. . .. •,. . ' .. ·,
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The law ··~iso. recog.ni:z;es that·. management" h~.s · rights_,'.· which· ·are ._:~tso,.entitled, respect. ·and . 'enforce!1Jent in -the ·in!erest:of fair. play ($t.. Luke's· · ..... Medfcal -dnter Employe_e.'s.-Ass·'iJ: ·NLRG, · G.R. . No-. -162053, March 7, 2007). -.. · · · ·
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61
2019
shN sEoA LAW cENT~l]~Eo sAR d"PERATioNs
2:_-- .5mploye~is:·of goverimi.enf-owned. or controlled · ·,, C~'B?rations- ,(GO.CC)· cyeated by· sp~<::ic;ii. _or · · . ong111_al_.Cba~er.· Such. employees ar(;l governe.d .:·. by the ·_Civi!-Seryice.·"(JiJco· v., NLRc,· .G.R. No. '_98107,.Augu_st 18, 1997)'; .. . ·-: ~- .. ,·
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. . ,:.rote: The ph_rase "wit.h ,original ch~rte"r'' refers to 'corporations chartered ·:by _special ·1aw. .as · distinguished from corporations organized-u'n~er the. Cor"poration.Cbde (NASECQ'v. "NLRC; G.R. No. L-69870,:NoVembef.49, 198_8).
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TiTLE .ONE: RECRUITMENT AND PL.ACl;MENT OF WORKERS. . . .
GENERAL
cHAPTER.1: PRov1s1o_N·s .. ARTfCLE; 13.; D.EFINITIONS · . . . Worker is· any memoer of the labor force, whether· employed. ·or une.mployed · (LAB.OR G_OD~. Art. 13(a)). · · · ·
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Recr,,iitment Pl~ceme.nt is a·ny act of · (CETCJ-fUP). Canvs3sSlf'!9, ·!;nlisting, ]/~nspprting, ~ . Co11tracting, !ii.ring,· !,!tilitihg or- frocurin·g workers, · ~ · ··. . and includes (CRAP) _contract services; _Referrals, · rt:·-A_dvertis.i.ng qr· fro"rnisin9 fq"r "emproy(]1e'.nt. locally or . . ~ abroad, whether for ·profit .or not;.-·Prbvided,That any · F.&,_;_:.. . .person ·o.r entity which; in ;:iny manner, offers or rJ\ . . promlses.for .a fee ernptoyment to: two (2) 'or more ~"' · . persons shall be-deemed: 'erigag.ed in recruitment · and placement (LABOR CODE, Art, 13(b)). 6 .. ·QC?Vef!1n:ienrAgen~ies ·. . · - . . · . . . ,../:.~' ... · · · r, · • t'i:~... • : The .._National Parks· Development Com11:11tteE;,;.1S.. Y).[. Note: : . .. . . . . . an agehc.y of tt1e·gov1::rnme~~; not ~ GOC.C(tts,(.,:;~\ · 1. "Recruitment includ.es the act of referral (People ernployeesarecovered by civtl service_ rulesi~ii.ROf!olfo -v. :Pe.op/e, G.R No. 146964, · 1··· _,;'.~·h:2·. "Augu#1?i·.2Q06).-' . ' . . . _. · PRE-EMPLOY.MEN'J'i--:;s : t,i, · 2. ·The mumber\~f pe'rsons dealt. v,,lth.·i.s not an· fl~ . . . . .... ;. . .· . . . . . . ess;i~htial.~ngre\:iientof.the act. of r~crui¥11ei:it and ~-. . · ·.. \ .. · . · . · · -~;,/1 ,"r...:::01'9f::,,. ~~~ ·r,,J . pli;icelJ.f,~·~•,P,ersohs to whom in conside'fation of. a. fee ·an training,. a.llo.cation-~.n~utili~~t!on:.!i~>v-:''. · ,:.<~;:~;:_;;-;.::.:.:_•~·,~~~i,.:-OiSpr~rnise· ~f ~-~p,oym~n~ is _ma~e. in '_the 'If( 2. To __Pr~tect. ev~ry .c1t1z~m .desrrmg t'?.'1¥-'ork},9~lly . . . ·course of1he Mcar.wassrn_g,e_nlrst1ng, contract~ng, ~- :. · o.r ·o'.'(er~eas · by .se<;:un.n.g f<;>r ll1~t,t~~~. b~si . · . tran_sporti.nm ufilijing;.· hiri~g or'procllriog ·(ot) ,.· ~- · . possr.ble terms __and_ coo~1t1on of ~rnployihe~t;·. · . · .· "".Orkers. (P~op/e v. Panis, 'G:~. No. L-58.674-77, ,:~·~.·~,_-.·~-·.:. 3: 'Tp · _ fru:i)i~:3te·. a: free choice of ava1lal?"!.e . ' .Jvly t:t, 1986). . . . · · . , ·employment:- by P.ersons se~kihg_ work . 1n. · . · . · eonfoi:mi~i,wft.hthl;!·.nati_on.al interest: . . .. Qve,rse.a~'Em~ioim~nt;·ma~~s-.-e~p!c;yment· of ·a . .i,":. _:, To Facilitate· ~nd:··regylate. the. m.oveh:1e11t ·-~(. w·ork~routside 'the Philippines (LAS.OR GQDE; Ait .. ~. : ·workers iri ·conformity with tt\e national"interest;. P(h)). · · · · · · ·.11{" 5. : To R~ulate:the emp!OY,111E!°nt of aliens; inc;:luding· {': .:the ·establishmen't ;i r~istratiori and/or permit A'Rt12LE. f4:.~MPLOY.~°E:Nr- PR9M.PTIO~ ·.. to·purs"ue its nirsponsibility :to :promote ·employment 6. -~~s~~~~~th-~n tii"e:..netw.ork"of;ublic- employmery~· . opportunities; the_· DO~. carri~s. ·a·ut ptbgr?Jnis for ,·,... . offices and: rationalize. the i>.ar(icipa~i~l[I of the. ·. · local _and oyerseas-'~ernployii:ient "'(1. AZUCENA, ·· rt.i::'.:_·. ' private sebtor_ in .th¢ ·retruitmen"t"ai:iq,plaeemerit . :. supia at 45). -: ·. ' · · ~\,~"... . . of. workers. focally and ·overseas, _-to serve . ~ . ·, · natiohal d·evefopmentobjectives; and . .· · Note: .RA No. 8759. r~q~jr~~ lli~--~~f~blish~ent o~· :"f~.. 7.. To insure..ca~eful ~el!;iCtiQn ofFiljpjno WQ~ers for Pu_blic E,mployment Ser.vice Office: (PESO) in capital· w · · · q:Ve.rSeas e,r~1p10·yin~~t in . Order.· to protec~ the towns of.'provinces, cities-ahd "other strategic ·areas · · (R.A. NO.: 8159, :sec: 3).. ... · . . . 90?d-name of~e J::>hilippi~es,abroad. . , · . ~ ..
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.ARTICLE 15: .·BUREAU ··OF ·EMPLOYMENT· . SERVICES ... The Bureau. of Employment· Services· (BES) was abollshed by virtue of E.O. No. 79 whiqh. took effect . · on May 1, 1982. Its· domestic employment functions . were ·. assumed by the . BLE. whire Its -overseas : functions were assumed by. the POEA (.E._9. No. 797; Secs. 3-4):
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·hiring, nonetheless, shall pass through POEA for. processlnq process {1 AZUCENA,p. 63).
. Reasons of the Prohibition: · .' · . 1. -To . .assure the -best. possible terms... and.· conditions of work to th'e employee (1 POQUIZ, ftupra at 89); . To assure the: foreign . employer that he .hlres . cinly qualifled ·Fi1ipiri9 w6rkets(Id.); . · . N·ot.e: Thus, ihe (unctions: of ttie BES.. are. now 3. To insure -compliance with. the Labor· Code asslqneo a~ follows: . : . provislons on :the solldary liability of, private · 1. · Bureau of LocaFEm'j,loyment (BLE) .:...forloca! .~r:ripl9yme.nlar;i~ recruitment aqencies with tbei/. - . empl_oyment; and '. ·· ·. · · · · ·foreign principal (Id.); af!d · . . 2 .. · Philip~ihe · Oyerse~s . . En,ploy.me~t 4. The ban is. a form pf .protection for the .Filipino · .. AdminJstration · · "(POEA) ·. -..: · for. overseas : ·,. workers, .so. that ttrey w111:: not fall p·r~Y 'to . · employment, ·. : · unscruputous and .abuslve for.~.igll. employers · . _ . . . · : ·. who m ight · victimize them in the . absence of . ARTICLE 1~: PRIVAT~ RECRUITMENT·, - . . . gqvernm.ent r.egulation (D.UKA,. Labor Laws and . . General rule: No person or. entity other.than publi.~--.:::n-.~---::..· Sociat L~gislation:. A Barrister's Companion f!mploymentottices sh air eng;;ige In the re-:~ifment-ru· . if'2~6lJ.,p. ·42) [hereinafter;DUKA].· and 'placement .of workers .(0BOR C~,Pl=,.,At!)f_~)- \ · J..'':).j'. ---;v· .~~...,,_ . · . .. .· . L ·:.:-._;..,...=.~-~.~}'.JPLI;·.jl9~ COM.MISSION· ·ON. FILIPINOS Exc~.ptions: Tl;le following.entit.i~1~~re!>-au!ll~ize~,:to .- . · ':9VER.~fAS/·1Sr:. .\. . _ .. · . .. recruit and place workers for l0cal~~'d-;6"'.~1.Seas~~~·'fh~~~"l!'s10'2,\"r,rseas and ·formulates an 3.. Construction contn_:ict_o.r:f!it*i1]lt!£fr.iied)11>.opera'te-- .l··:r~.egrate,ppr09ft:11.],.,_}~~tpromotes tb_~· ~~.lfare :Of. · by )he.· D<;)Lf; and th1(~Msfructidn~ lncfi:isf~"'I ~F~Tn~s{?v~rseas(B.~P.~i/3/g_. 79), .: ·. .. · 7 : Au,thonty; . · . = .. • -i',J· · /.,..... 4. .Members of the . diplo. ati~~orp~Wµt. hirii:lg.;:.:i..!.1'-'- ARTICJ~Q;NH-Tl0 1L .SEAMEN BOARD . must also go t~ro1:igh. P\~~1i) l . . . ·,;.\ \, . .. •' Yffi . 1, ·198~) abolished the NSB .. ~- QJher persons or. ent1U!:!~\as'ma\be. utfl.R!l~ei'@, dr1:~~li:erre~i1ts fuiii~ti~ns to ~he POEA. · · · .. : by the DOLE Secret.ary;.a~d · '>;'. •• ~~ 1· :· -.$<. ·. c~ · , .ii ·. ; /J ·· · · .· · · · . · · 6 .. ....§!).ipping ·or .manning. agent,s or. r$te~~n!~tlv~~:Ji1 , E '-J!i: F.O~IG.N SERVICE ROLE · AND . (1 AZI/CENA, supra a·t 47).\: .. . · , .. ( S07E~,..1::;:pAR.JIC._JPATION. /I. · ·. · · ' · · .. . . : · .· -~. .: :)' ~~T-liiSJ.~,u~Ej'rs~e9.eti by,B.P. Big. 7.9 entitled "An.Act Aqicle :11:... · OVEf:lSE~~. ·· ):~RL6;t~~:y:..,,~.;:;e~ticf~h; ,.,<;,0i£missionon Filipinos OveFseas. an:d · . ~EVEJ:..OPM~NT ~P".\RD,;·(Refer tQ tlj~e.vs_jion.1\ Ji ·,fu~iber&fl!lrposes:"· . . .. · .· · . . . on .Ph.ilipp/ne·. Overseas. · .and · · Emplb¥meRt I,VJ-_;,...£:~_':,/ . · · · . . . ·. · · ·· : . . , . · · ··Administration (PO~A).: · : _:. :· 7~'"':~te:''ltis ·necessaryto monitor t.t,e··status oH)FWs . . . . . .. in th£!ir .respective areas . of assignment. and to .. . ARTICLE'1 ~·: BA~ [)l.~ECT HIRIN.G. . . ensi.n:ethat they.are· n'ot exploited:ol'abu~ed by their·, Direc~. Hires . - ·. worker.S·.directly. hired· by. ttte . · /o~.eign.principal e.m~loy°ers (1-~0Q()/Z, s~pra··at90). employers for overseas,employment. • . . . . . . ·.,
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SAN BEDALAW
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.pr-oteCfion to··.·Filipino
.-.~c'!.r~~rsabroad: .. · : .. · - · · ·. · . ,' · · _.• .1-. · Labor. atti;iches . · 2, · Labor reportin!;f officers ci.~signated ·. by· . th~· . ·$ecretary:ot Labor . : · · · ·: ··. ' -. · 3, · Phil. ·ofploma~ic·.or cot.isulai):>tfidals·co·ncerned (LAlfJ':)R CQDE, A,:( 21)-:_. . . . . · · : .
Four go~ernment agel)cies thai ·promote the "Yelfa(e ·'. a net . ptote.ct the _.ri~flts ·bf . ov.er$eas Fili'plnos in· adtlltion. to U,cise provldeq ,,mder Art. 21: . · ·
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Effects of Failure.'to Remit: : · ,. .1 .. Workers who fail to c9mply_ with the mandatory remittance requlrernent.shal] be suspended or" excluded from the· list of eligible workers for · . overseas , employment. ·sub"~equenf .vlolatlons shallwarrant his repatriation'. . ·. 2. 1=·mpfoye:rswho fail to comply shall be ·~xc!uded ... from the overseas employment proqrarn. -·· 3. Private· employment agencies or. entities- sh al( . face cancellatlon or revocation of Jhe_ir licenses . orauthority to recruit, without prejudice toother liabllltles" under· ¢x\stlng· laws · a.ng .requlatloris ."(E.O._ No. ·857, Sec. 9). ·
·.· .. Private Fee Charging E"mploymelit Agency·(PEA). · · is· any person or _entity engag~d· in· the recruitment · · ahdplacement.of workers for ~ fee w_h_ich i_s:.ch~rg!;id; dlrectly orlndlractly, from the workers, or employers . · . or both. (LABOR (:;ODE,Art..-13(c)). : . . . . . . . ... ·: .. 50%" ··~0%.
Private Recruitn'jent EnJlty/(f>RE) is-a.ny;person' or· association. engaged". in the". . recruitment and. 'ptacement of workers, locally.or overseas, wi(h9ut · charging,. directly .or . indirectly, . any fee -frorn the .. 'workers or employers (LABO~ COPE! Art. 13{e)). ·· .. · ~ .
2019 SAN SEDA lAW CEN!RALIZED BAR.OPERATiONS
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1.:ABO·R.· STANt>.A.RDS . SAN'O£DAl:AW CENTRALIZED OAR OPERATIONS - MEMORYAID 2019
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It doe'~·not-.charge an'y·. fee either.·dir.ectly._or , ·.· indirectly fr.om'the. .: wori<e'rs or l;)mployers to which'Jhey would·be . deploy.ed.' .. ·
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Pr6vi'~~d·.· that . tho~e: w[th ~Xisfing li_c;en·ses '. · shall, within .... 4 · years . from]. ~ffec~iYity . t,Jereof, increase _their .cap,)tallz~~ion .or paidup capjtal, as µ:ie case may be,.to PS,Q00,000 ~t the rate. of P75t)..OOO "every y~ar.. .
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,gov~r:nm'lmtf' reg~(allons . to: engagl:l m , the r~11tme.ri\.(aff~ \p.laqement of workers for ~y.erjea~. ~jP1QY.,Ttt·.(lf.?,R ·o( L,ABOR CODE, ~i!J9f'fI, Rule ff,. $~c 2). · · . '. · . . . . -
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: · Artlele Citizensh11;)·.Requir~meht\Artfcle~l_~~tlieRe~toitrn.enJ;&.:EfT,lploytnent',of L.and~llcl'$ed · · Capit"lization.·_ (See fol~ovyi'f.ig di~ce~~(oif.·.§f(!,{E~-r··c\~: ve~rlasvV01er~. Rl.!1~· r;.~ec.. 3.: (TQC-~ES) 1.;..-2~'!-~~el . · qualitiCf:!tionsl_disqu.?lifications). ' .,~· :- · 1 -~ ~- ~ 1!. J.' ~~~.~ties, and , s~les . ~geJ1<;:ie.s. of · · · ·. · · · · · ,. : · --< -""'~=.=:""- -1;.~1rl.~_dom.pa11ies;·. · , .'. . . . - . . . . ~uafiflcatiqns fof J:>~rticip3.tiol'I -In ·. ~rli.ft'i.~nt. r,. { \t!Jielrs~:9r.··meiribers· o~. ~~ ~ard of,any .. ~n~. ~l~cem':nt Ac~viti_es:· ... "· . . · ""~...~ .. 1Vt£.--~~:rcol"J)o~a~i~n,-o~. rne~~,ers:ifl a· p~Hi:ier.s.~ip · . · . 1:. rC1U;z:ensh1p requ1reme.nt : . · · . · · ~~ :· · eng,aged 11) the business. of 1:1 ~ravel .age,ncy;· · . . . ·a, Filipino..ci!ii:ens ·~ct1ngas sole_ pr9pnetor,stiip c, ·. ~orpo.ratiol)s and par.tner~hip~•. wheii•any.of .. ; · or.-,par'tnership;.9r . · · •.. ·. . . '. · . · .. . its .offic;:ers, . rri~m.be'rs·.. tit. th~ . board· or '?-'.· ·corporatiorys with at. .least :.'75% of the ... 'partners, is also an: offic~r; meml;1er ohhe ·.. authc;>ri_zed and voting caplt~I. stockofw):lich · ·bpard · or. partne<_: of .corpo~atiqh '. or . · . ·,, . 'is .own~d. a_nd. cont.rolled· by Filipinp· citize_ns partners.~ip engijged in ·fhe ·.bu~ine.ss·.o.f. a . : . ·:. (LAB9R CbOE; Arf 27)(·'. :. . . : • .travef~gency(int~r}pcl:(lng -qfflcets);: ..... . - ·.. 2... Capitalization (LABOR CO'DE,.Art. 28) · . . d. rndividuals, partners;o.ffic~rs o(Qirectoi'~ of . '·. a. Private . employirieot : ag!3.ricy ''fpr :: loc.al.. c,1n in$.,uraQCe·company\y)1Q fnake; woppse . e!'Tlployment · · ·. · · . · . · · ·., . ·. ·o:r provide pn insuraqce. coiitract u.nder' the . . ' .. . . ·_. . · ·): .: . compulsory insurance cove·rage·f<;>r-agency. i .. _, ·:hi.red Overs·eas f.:Qipi.rio Workers~ . · · . · - e.·· ,§.tile· propFietors. pa~n~.rs or.'.offl,~ers· and . · me.mbers of the -board wlth derogatory· rec·ords,', sucti 'as, 't;,u'r.-11ot limit~ij -to ·the: following: :. _.. ·: . ~ . . ·, . . ' . . i. : Tliose convict~d. or :againl?t . whorn .. · ... probabl~. cause ·or prin;,a: fa~ie ~rid.ing _of guilt : ls deter.fl')i~ed .bY. '. q . competen_t ·authority', for illegal. ~ecruitmE;lnt, .or for ·
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other ·. related crimes or offenses committed in the course of, related to. or . resulting from; illegal recruitment or for crimes involving moral turpitude· • . .. it Those· ag'encies· Whose licens~s H'ave been: revoked for· viotatlon of RA 8042' . (Migrant. ·.Workers·· and. Overseas -FiflplnosAct of 1995), as amended, PD · 442 (Labor Code bf the Philippines), as · ,.·arriended, and :RA ·9208 (Trafficking.Jn Persons Act of 2003), as amended; and their irnPl.errieriting · rules . ~nd · . . regufations; . ·. . : . m. Those agencies whose licenses ·have· . ': ··been cancelled, orthose who; pursuant . to' th0e.Order of the Admfnistrator;were ·. . , ...ipcllid~d ·. i~ · the list of' persons" :with. · ·. · · deroqatory · record · 'for .: violation· .of . . .'ricrvitrnent laws andrequlanons: and . . ·t :..AnY.°·-·offii::i~I :· or gmployee o(.th~·. ·'ooLE; · _,,.,:i '. POEA, ·OWWA;· D.F.A, !;)OJ, DOH,· Bl, ic<~··J{_ .NLRC; . 'fE$DA, .CFO, NBI, PNP., . Ctvil'l,t~,,~ Aviation.Au.~hor,ityof}b~ Phii;ppines (CMF,{~·~''..".~ lnternational P.,irp_ort Aut~oritit,~s·;-and ot~E1mi.7::hJ.' .gpvernr,r1ent aqencles .dlrectly ·in.vbl,Yed' i,1-l.'~.,. the·: in:ipl~~entation,:. of RA/8,~2~'.' as a1;1~n.ded, .an~tpr any, of .hi1?~.er,,.relativeS:),-;-~(.· · . w1th1.n the 4th ct\111.pegree:of c;o)1s~r(guinity 9y-'i; .· · .. affinity (R.A. .No.··8042, 'Sec.jfft,; l'-} .
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~ooperatives whether regi~tered or not . underJhe Cooperative Act of the Philippines (Sec. 5(d)); : e. Law ~nforcers and any. official or employe~ Qf the DOLE (Sec. 5(e)); ·· · .. · f. .§ole p(op~ietors of duly licensed agencies are prohibited from securing another license l!J eng;:ig_e · in recruitment anp placement (Sec. 5(1)); and. g. ·. .§.ole proprietors, fartnerships or. . . . . . :&orporation~ licensed to. engage. in private. : recruitrrrent · and· placement. · for local ~ri1ployme'n! .a.~eproh'i~ited from e.i:igaging in job co_ntractirig··or s.ubcqntractfng:activities (Sec .. 5(g)f ' ' .. . . . ' . Lu;ense vs:. Authority .
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A document (SSUed by· 001:.E authorizing . a, person or._associatyoo'10 ·: engage 1_n recru1~n_i~nt . and Pl?~~ment ac!1v1t1es as -~ private. recru1~ment : entity .(~ABOR- CODEi . Art. 13(1)).
· · ;. / ~ \\ · · ·' _: · . · · ' · . · .·. . . ·· · •:.~ For·Qverffea~.En;1ployme.nt· . · . : _ : J~ot~:·. Thus: ·it_ s.h~ll·jit(°unla.~4}'for· ·a~~. I~:·\ Within, ryl,~ _(5{w?r~jn~ da}'.~ .frq~-sati~f?_cti6ri?f the
'. .. ,. ... :offic1.al oremployee of:wro@l=E.,t,tl'J~ ~~~_;· . p~t~1;1~[1fi~ti,9~1]{~q~ir~ments, a pre>VISJOn~l. liqen'se·.. · or t~e OWWA; ~~ ~Dta~·t:ir.0t11i~D :· ~-~~ which sh.~J~~~y.~_l.!9',W1thtn a non-:exte_ndible'period o'f · .. . . .~ov~!:11ment ?Qei:ic1es. if:!¥9.1.'i~~-~.(in . the ... · ~o. (?) yea~s.·.frotn the. date. o.t. issuan~e ~hall be · : · . implementation of this Act..~r. tneir \Elrjltj~ls .. . 11... 1ssoecf by : the PO.!=A '(2016 POEA Rules ana. ; . \oVithin ~h~. 4.th .civil d~g~ee_.of.§~~~~$11,Ji~,ity·'·. 'I F'art_.11, 1j,ufe·11, Sec'..· .11). . .· :. ,.. pr affinity, to engage; d1~eclly,or md1rec_tly'_j~l:,_,.:;.,•,'t?;'l,h' ! 1Y':~ ·. . . . . ·the_.ti1:1.si.ness'of i.e!~ru1tirig:_·111i~Wnt-.w9;~irs · : Upon._-appli~tion,: a ·P!.ovlsional .Hce:nse i'n~y be . · ·· ·. _- .. (f,?.A. N.q, 8042,. Sec, 8).· . up~r~ded_ to a reguli:ir license at ~n.Y t1rt1~· d4rirg its.: . ·. . · · .. · , ,, ... · . . _. '.. ·. .: · · · . ·. ·. ~. · vahd1ty: .uP.<:>i::i d13ptq~m.~nt pf one hundred, {100). 2. Local Employment ... · . work~rs:. ta Its n~w pnnc,paJ/s .(2016 POf=A Rules & · . · · Undei Departr.nent Order No. 14l 14 · S' · 5 ·· R~gil/ation'$ Go.vernfng Overseas Employment, Sec: . :; · . , . - . '·. ec. : tjt;· : · · ... · .·r . · · ··:: .· ..... ·. . (ITAC-00-RC" . . . '-ES'"'P.C): -.;, . . I . . . . . . .. .,
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a. · Those ·wh_e.· · are: ;·.c::c,nviciteci'· :of !l!egal . recr;uitrner,it; .Jraffic.kiJ'.l'g'·ih persons, ·Anti· ,:child labor. violatio,:i', o(:Qril]l~S. in.volv.ing · · moral _turpitude (Sec. 5(a));·:..,.. . . •. . ,· ·b.· :,Tt:iose. again.~t wh·9m proba~le- cause·,or . , · .. ·.: .pri,:na· /acie :.finclin!)·. ot.·;guilt · for :illegal· ·. -recruitment. or· other related cases 'exists ' .·" particul~r~y to . O.wn~rs'. ort·. Dir.ectcirs.'.. ... agencies . Wll'O;.~ave .. commTtteci'-jl!egal' . . · ··. retruitmerit:"or·.ath·er related cases· (Sec. · ... 5(bJ)· · . . .. - .· ' .· . · .·.- ;.· · ."fho£e l!c~ns.es.. h.ave'b~e~ previou~I; . , · Bevo\(ed · 9r ~.n.celle<J.by. the.: Deparfment · ·. ·.. 1:inder Sec. 54 of these rul~s·.(Sec. ·5 (c)J; ·
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,, . . ' . . · · .N9te: The ·.applici:ltion. · fpr. _up~raping-.,. 9f :· th~/:.,.' provfsionc1I licens_e shall ·be filed withil) :tt:ir.e~e:··(3):: . months before· · the ··expiration· of the. provrs.kmak . license·:(~016POEARules'8,ReguJi,tiot,s¢.<;1vf!fning;\~ . .6verse_as Emp/oyrnerit,=Bec.'}4).·
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A ljce'ns·ed r:1:1crult'tnent.agency. .s~i:iufcl ,'sclbrnft:· appli~~tion fer·t!le renewal .of.its'llc~nie·wJthirft)ir'ee. P)months before·the.explration ofJ~s·li~~tise.-(2016.,. pOEA- RuJes & Regulations, Governing "overseas ' . Emi:>foym_ent, Sec: ~ 5).' . . · · . . . : : .· · .
2019 SAN BEOA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OP.ERATIONS
11
LAB.OR·STAN DAROS
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· results in ': ac1ua1· di~solutlon 'of · the · partnership. The s1.1rvlvlng· partner/s shall, within·· 10 days, report such d~att\ or withdrawal to the Administration. Failure to' report l?hall . automatically include the saryiving 'partner/s 'in the 11$t of persons with derogatory're~rd .. (201~ POEA · Ri!les . and . Re·gul;;i,tions.. Governing· Overseas·Employment,Rule II, Sec. 23). 4. Recruitment ·outside ·registered·.buslriess ·,;.;, A licensed -~ecr.ulti:nent .agen.cy may cohduct' rem.1i~ment activities . outside. its · regi.ste.r_ed . address.. by secu'ring a $.pecic:11 R~cruitment . Authority prior lo the con·duct of the recruitment (2016 POEA.Rules·and Regulations Governing ·ovet~eas Emp7oyrnent;'Ruie .VII, Sec. :sa). ·, - .
For Local Employment . The· appllc::ation ·for license shall b.e filed· in \he Region.al Office/Field Office having jt,Jrisdictio.Q 'over the place where·the appi'icant iritends to.. establish its · office.(D.'0.''141-14, Sec .. 8). ·.' . ·. . .
'An application. for r'enewa1 of license mas.t be tiled not earller than sixty (60} days btit not later .than . thirty .(30.) days befo,re expiration. :The. validity ~f thE! renewed license shall start on tt)e date of.' expiration ·of-the: pre.via.us license (b.. O, ..N.o,> 141~14, Sec. 13): . . : .. ~ . . Validity· of License ,.: . .. . · 1. For· Ove.rs'eas ·.EmpJoyment . ...,; ··The regular . . license. stialf be valid up to the full term of four ·. : (4) years .frorn the date 'of.. issuance :Of ·the ·'provlsi,;inai: :license·. (2016: POEA Rules .a!Jcf ... ·. . For.Local Emp.loyme_i-it . ·.. · .. :. ·"Regula.tiori.s·fattil;·RtJleII, Sec. 14f . .· . · 1. Transfer/chanqe ..otownership or control·- .A.n ·: 2.- ,i=~~. Loca.1: Emp_loyme.n.t-:-The· li~.ens.e. sh~~l,&~===~~gen.cy- d~siri~g .' to .transfer. :6w.~ersh.ip :·~ha.II va!i.~... for .ttJree. (3) ·Y.ears .frc::>rf! .-th;,,s~te ~f .1f · ,~sor.i:,~~der its· license. to the 1~sumg· Reg1on13I. lssuance unless sooner revoked Qr.,,.can~e~led -! ·i.J?1_,c7"aFJ..d the n~w·'?wner(s _of'th.e..agency must. :(p.0,.('19 .. ·141-14, Sec. 12) .. : .a,p~l{.!9.J:~!:!eWl!cense.A~h~n.ge.·or transfer of _. . · ··. ., . . · /./· . '\6.1!?': . . ~,etsh11(~'r~:.. single proprietorship shall . No. . LICEN~E OR AUTHO_RITY · tft)~. 11':}) '){- w· .: 14'{z.1?!:§~ef:tt5,,tpa[.1~2) .. · . : ·,· . No llcens~ or authority sha}f b~\,1s, d, di~ctly. /Jr ~. i2~ Death of\oJe pro~netor - In case of death of a Indirectly,' by any person othe'r,than tife.one n:wh_ose . .,, · sing!} pro~{ietg(}'flilelicense may be extended ·, ·. favor it. was issued, nor ·at ·aMf]jftfci'~other ll'i~r'(1naf . mor1 ~c;;!~"4s~(6) '.months fromthe dea\ti · ~tat~~ ·ia ttie.' lice~se or a,~t.l'fo·rity: (.nor.. ~a(~l\l'tf!7"< ~-~:!Sf pr'?RrijfcirU!j>~~ ~he reques.t ~rm'f"L'\~ll}~dia.te. .
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.P.OEAwith'in 30 days.from SEC approval {2016 . .·ARTICLE :fo: REGISTRATIPN ..F.E.ES · . ' : ... , POEA . · Rules. '·an.d .· R~gutaHons, · Gov.l3r,ning .. · · .Th,& Sepretary of L~bor sh~JI prqml,ilgate.schedule:of . '·. O~erseas Eniploymen,t,.R.ufe. · II, ,Sec, 25~26): . ' · ·fees. for. the i'egist~a~i.o.n' of ·alt applicants f9r tiGense 2. · Death of sole proprietor·:.....1:t1e )1cei1se otth~ ·sole . or· aµthority (LABOB·CODE, ·90). · _.· · · · . . prqprie.forshfp. shali. au~omatically .,bE;i re~oked.., . ·, ·ARTICLE amrns · · . ·~i;,on l.he de.ath ot:the sole ·proprietor: .' The-.next- .. · A!_i:applical!ts1or !icense' or au~,hority shafl posr'such. . ·in-rank.: offi~.er ·of the agency· !>hall,· within. 10 . cash .and ·surety bon.ds· a~"dete(mined·by S.ecretaiy . . days,:·r~porf .. such ·cte.ath· t.<:i·the Adm'inistralion; . . .. · ': Failur~ to. report shalr'autoruatically include such of LabQr (LABOR·COOE, Art .. 31).... : : .· n.~xt-lri-rank ·officer. lri trye . iiit c::>f, 'pe~ons. with . · derogatory record {2016 POEA Rules 'and Purp.9se~ . 1·_. 10 guararitee cori'Jpllance . with presc'ribe~ R,egul
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. 12 I 2019 SAN BED.A.,LP,W CENTRALIZED B~ OPERATIONS
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comp.ly· witt) such notice will iesult in ·the suspension· ofthe._license of the rec~itment agency. Within the same 15-day period,· the. licensed· recruitment agency may explain-why-ifstioutd· not be.suspended .. for · such · failure to comply . (2.016 . Rule~ and Regulation . on . the Reciuitment·& Employment of ·L~nd_-based Overseas Workers,.RufeII-Sec;. 17).
. such. companies when held liable for applicants
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The .deposlt ln -escrow of a licensed recruitment For Overaeas Emplpyment .: . · agency that'voluntaruy surrenders lts license or has· A.licensed recruitment aqency shall maintain. at all · not renewed · its _liyense·. shall· be released upon. f' times· its escrow· deposit i[I the mtnlmum amount pf submission of the fQ_lloWing: . ·, .. { ·. P1 ,OqO;OOO: tn case . the·. licensed recruitment · 1:. ·.copy.:, of the duh, execute·d/signed. escrow f :agency is required i:)n addttionarescrow pursuant to .. -.agreement; .· . - · . ;t · Sec .. 15·, · if: shalt .malntain . the escrow deposit pf 2. Bank. certification on.the.·· status ..of· ··escr.ow ;,; ·. P1;000,000 plus the'adilitional escrow.(2.Q16 Rules . deposit;· . . . [ .end Reg_ulatib.n'on.the Recruitment & Emplqyme,nt ·3. ·-, Certificate ~f No·.Pen_dirig Case from the NLRC; ', .· .ofL'and;basedOverseas Wotkers;Rule II Sec. 17). 4. Clearancefrom ttle·Adjudica.tic:>n Office; . ,., . . , . 5 .. · Not~rized · . Board, . ···Resolutiqn/Partnership · <-' N~te: Hie deposit in escrow shall be reteasedwherr /~1 . Resolution. <July received by t.he SEC-.on the !;the licensed . ·recruitment' agency vqluntar,Uf>9f decision to withdraw .eserowdeposlt, .jndicating ' . surrenders ' its license .' and upon .submtssion', the ~ame_ Of the person tc J?f0C9SS .and recelve documentary requirements· and, · a surety b:9P~1··"·· 'H·'; 1 . the check"representing the escrow deposit; and f: eci~_ivalent t~ the arl'!e>unt of !he _escrow;deposit\i~HJ:I;: :.::;.'i-:;.q,:-:;~ur~ty J>?nd ~ui~alerit_ to ·Jhe · amount ?f !he· ~.:.·:_ · for four .(4) years f~orn exP,1ra~qn of ltcense,:.(?01;~·i';}),·pl~~~t_g~o~o~C:!.~pos1f vahd for. 4 years froi:n exp1rat1on 1, . Rules f:1nd RfJgulation oi'.) the . ReCfJJit!f,.ffnt. · _&·.~"./ ·l"f . . of~he-li~er;ise,: if- ~ppliC?lble (201.6 _Rules and r· .Employment of t..and-based . Overs,eJ#_"'"'~'\i\>rke(i:1-,::,..f\. · . . · Regulafjpf/}~n the Recri./itment.& Employmentof Rule 1/_S,ec;19). . · · . ;: ..t1·1 · Fi=\ LaQ_d-qiiecJi.\Overseas W<:>rkers; Rule JI, Sec.. .,.j,,S .:.~~ · · ff;., 19}>-f.· 1{ · 1 • · . •· · · · . · . For·Local Employment . /?' .· ~jxb, . _.. I':>, .-. . · /r· ~·- . · . . . ·. . . . · : .· · . { . Up~n· approv~I of ;appl\cation·,flle.~ppli_oi~~sti,j1iP.PST~·. · AR!l.~~t ~Al~ BY WO~KER~ / a _cas~ ~ond 1n ..~he amount of,f~0.(1)00"~1'·~-sor~~ · ., ,,;. Any_ '~~1?.iJ~~P:P.JY1~_g,-w1th. a: private _fee-c~~rg1n_g · b9no in the sum of P100,ooo~(O.,,Q.t:!~f1f./4~ S£?f.i · ·· f~ employment{.clg.en·cyfor .employment_ as_s1stance ;, 11 J: . : . : . . · . . · -~~'"rfr'\' :/ ·. 1 :., stiall rrot be ch.argectany _fee until h_e/~~e.~as~. 1-. · ·· ' · . . · . . : .· .. · · . .. · · '-?°..f,, · . ;",' ·_~.~;.,.;.1. . O~tain~tJ employment.thr.ou~~ effor;ts; ·cir . :,; __'_ ; ~ote: The _agency O?ay vqh.!n.tarjly :t~i:_i:~~~~r:/~ .... :). ~ommenced·employment.· · · . . h~en.s.~.. }t.shall_ p~·_er.ititle~ to the refu~tofitsr.~~-fF,~ ...'--"J,!!...~,,&:-' . .. . . . . . . . : bohp°;~ff~r _posting a_ svrety bond frd~ a. be~_dfng Such fee sha.ll·be alwayi,. co\ler~ w1tti app~opnate ~6i:1ipany·ac~retj_it~d by IC . .It ~.hall be. yali~J~li:,1hree· ·rec~ipt.s cl¢a~y showing the aiyiount:paict: · ~ . ye;:irf-...from dat'3 .· of· filing of.. n·o!ice .of.':blosure. · · · · · . ·· ·.. : t:' · , . R_o,vever, t}le agency ·may inst_eaq opt to maintair:i Eor:overs·e~s E~ployfT!e.nt tr; th.~_cash bond_forth~ee ye~1rs(p:o. r:,Jo. ·141-14, Seq: A-lai:id_~.b.ased.ag~~cy:-may charge.and collect from t. 65). · . . :: . · ·. · ·· · · · . . · · · .... . · its l:lired wo.rk1;ir-s the followirig: · . · ·. · . f · ·· · · · · ·: 1. · Pfacemert; · fe~ ,equival~nt · to. -one. (1}-mont~ )_.,:· exemi>ti.on tr~n,- G~~nishm~nt , _ :. . . salary exch.isfye of doc1.fmentatio11·costs; · The . :bond. : _is· .. il')te,nded to · answet pnly · · f.or ·· : ;,_ ·.employment-related·c'taims arid for v!olation of.labor ·.. N~te~ i;he:·fCll!qwi_ngare ex.cEipte·d fr~m p~yment ( · laws ... ·.. · . .of S\JCh placem~rit and recruitment-fees:. · ·. ,. a. . Domestic worke~s;._a.nd.. :- . · . .. . . . f: . cash bbnd-'filed by ~ppli~nts (or license or authority t?. . ·work~rs tq -be deployed t<;> countries where ;'._ · _is:.Aot subject fo.gami;,hme~t by a judgment creditor.· , ·.· · ·the preyailing system,·either qy.:raw, ·pqlicy· t, · · ot t~e ag!3ncy
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Authentication: Birth Ce~ificate; . . Medi~re; . Trade Test, if riec~ssary; . . : lnbc.ulatiOIJ, when required· by hos.t country; . ~nd · · h. Me.dical. E;xamJnation. fees · (1 AZUCENA, supra at 96). ( · ·. . · . :. · ·
. Grounds for Suspensiot,/Cancellation of License. 1.. · · Unjustified' refusal to-asstst/repatrtate .dlstressed Overseas Fllipino W9rker/s;: · · 2. Deflberate . vlolatron/non-cornpnance of · .the · principal/employer' with .· its ccntractual · No other charges in whateve~ amount, forn:i, m_anner obligations to its hired 'Overseas Filipino or purpose shall be ch~r-ged..~gaitist the averse.as Worker/s; . . Fil.ipino Worke'r, except those specified- in. this Rule· 3; . Continued processinq and deployment of the (2016 POEA Rules · a,id. Rf:igulatlons Governing Overseas · Filipino Workers for . the' . . Over.seas·El!lployment, Book:If, · f:!.tJ/e '.V, :Seo.: 54); . princlpal/employer will . lead- to 'the. further.' and. · · 'exploltation of any oi all. of ifs applicants and. '. The worker shall -pay the placement fee to. the . . Overseas. Filipino Workers cir pose imminent licensed :rec.ruitmetJt.agency:only after'.signing the . ·:·' danger to thetives and safety of its Overseas POEA-approved contract. The agency muat iss~#... ..:..-- ·=,~Filipino Worker/s; or· · · . .BIR-registered receipt stating the pate of p,a'9rne!1t·r :.-1 {1'. "Wll.§,P found t~ .. have hired. and. em_r:,loyed and the_exact ?mOllJ?~ pa_id.(20:16 POE;fo1i.._uJ~tiand f\]a"J!0'1,._e.~"easFtlipmo \ly~rker "':'ho i_s ·~1t~er a. R9gulat10ns Gov.ern,ng OverS(!Bf;,,tYfi!mplpyro':Jitr--;-~> .. Q21n0/ below · _the prescribed rmrumum Book JI, Rule v; Sec. 51). · · · /f. \\/~·:"":· . . '·:a~ .requ!r~~~flt (2016 'POEA Rules & 1 "~<._;,..1,~_.,;,-""'1~~= ...,,,,B~fitl/.f.t{br,,s"q~~erningOvers!3as En:,p/oyment,· For Local Employment : / ..,(_}.~"\ "ill · 'j( '"\V( . Se'Q.· 1(}.:J)·~rf:');\\ · . .. ·'. _No fee whatsoever shall . ;f>e . CQIJ!fctedJ ,:1eith.Mr ;.{\\.. A.~ : . \ _ "\ { \ ·· . . · -. . _.deducted from the salaries o.f~vages:!b(the!workers.. Junsdic~ion \ ,r {]). ~' ·· ... Instead. the agencx. may·~~.af:sl:J'>t(1e e_m~yers_a. ~ne.-Q~~~-Sec~et-ar~/0B?~'; C:~9c~/!f'~JJ:J5LJ;)~.R~fg_-· 1095_83, _Sep~ember_.5, . . ft . t\ ·r,:7 ~l/ff!.Jf._") '!' ~RTICLE 33:. ~EP~RTS\~ ··.11,.. f "<· ; /~/..,'7_kl~-......-;_'{/ ·. . : . , , · . "''\ ~t~. -~ .,_ 110!1',n+· or ers , . STATUS ,, ·\! ' lP~~lL". { '"'"' .k. • I . . • Whenever the public lnterest r\uir_es,{~ Seegjtcl1Y"-.'J.><";{'&e,i~e~~:.~~tn_o :-~rk~r-;efe~sto ba person w~ !s .of L_abo_r may direct all person~ 'er.~efltiti_es,w_ithln·f.h~~-~ ,.,...9e 'ts ;,;P,ga.ge _.or as_ ee~ E!ngag m coverage of thisTitle·tO submit a reP,ort on'tl)E!i;S~\'.1~~1:-:·e ,lllJ~!~ted.a9J1V1ty tn a State of wh1ch_,he_Or: $he of employfTlent, includ.ing joB vaca~ies{ 6Jtail$"'oi~_..,,,d.~·p?11i~,c1t~~~or on boa.rd_ a v_esse_l!'av~gatmg the . job requisitions, separation.from jobs.~
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An appllcant for a · 1icense · to operate a private · employment agency or !Tl~nning agency is· required to submit".an undertaking 'under oath that it shall assume [olnt: and soJ,idary liability withthe employer . for claims · and liabilities which· may. arise in · connection 'yvith -the ·implementatior, · of the contract and shaf guc;1rimtee sompllarice with. exlsting labor . and .soclat · 1egis!at,ions · "(2016..P.O~A Rules. & Regulations Governing Overseas Employment,-Part II, Rule II, See. 4(f)).:·.
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Deployment of Migrant Workers · The State .shall allow the depioyment of overseas . Filipino workers only Incountries where the rights.qt. .,1· . Filipino migrant workers are.protected. The following . ace· recognized as-a guarantee. on the part of the. receiving .. country for the protection · of overseas Filipino WQrkers: (CAtM) . . .. ·. , . ·:· _: (·· It is a·sigj'.latoiy toand/orratltler of.mulfilateral · Coiiventiotls, declarations or resolutions relating · .' to)he protection ·of ml'graritworkers.. . .· 2. -1t .has concluded :. ii·. bilateral Agreement or Note,. · . · . . . . arrangement with--the'g·ovemtnent protecting ttie . 1, The liability bf · the employer . arid. the · . :. rights·.ot'_9verse~s Fiiiplno wcrkers; or . . '. r1;3cruitmenUplac;;ement.agenc,y, for. "any and pll .3: tt.has-exlsttnq-Iebofand, social'.!:,aws protecting· claims under Section 1 O shall be· joint' arid . the rights· of migrant-workers. . . ·. several. . . . .. . . . • · 4 .. The receivinq, country· should take pasttlve, . 2. This provision sh~II: be. Incorporated .in .th~. · . · . concrete ME;?a_sures to ..:protect. the rights of contra~t_-for.overseas employment and shau be , migrant. workers in furtherance of any of me'.. ?r · a condition precedentfor its approval. · · guar~ntee~ ..under subparaqraphs (a), (b), 3. · If t~e recruitmenUpl~ce~ent ag~nc~ is a jL,Jridical (c) hereof (R.A. Noe-. 8042 as amended, $e,el;1i::'·' · ·,., '.~ beu:ig, the. _corporate.~fficers,. and directors, and . ··... · . _ , -- . , .'· \,j f· -~. ~-,1:t par.thers;.asthe case may be, shall themselves .. In the·.abseFice of a clear...sliowing that ·any of;,t1:1¢J1·Mt;,T·"7.:;,Qe.;,jQiHtJ~ and solidarily liabl~ with . the afor':me.nt16nea ~uar-:1rltees exists in the ,pg.i:rA~ry 01d --·-eo~pqr~~?-{l oi..:partnership f~r Jh~. atoresaid dest1nat1on .oard·wtr~ .1,,,J · amehqment ~~modification mad!:! locally -or_.fn a · actua\ly. voted, in. favor of··i;1~[I)ir~..%;;alJf?_~ing~tf.i~.,. . ;,~ . f~q;i!':Jn;):~byJ:itci.::y.t.the· .~ald .. ~ontract (DUKA; d~ploy~ent of migrant worker~ with~_u(.~~y ofJ~ff: .. ,•11 -sup.,,;f;at1!S)t;> · . , · : · -~ . afor~mentioned . 'guarantee!;, .'s_~aJJ.::;S,1:.1, ~r j1' · • . . ·. ·.. . .. . . · • . . P~l)alti"e.~ :of ·remov,jtl _oc dismi.ssal ttqr.'rr:·servJ?~.with •· ·Su~bi_lity of Fo_r~ign.Corporatioris . . . · , disq~alifi~~:ltion t~.tt.old_-1ar1y~ppoi,:itiveff.1,J_!?Rg,offic~ Jl;~~t?f':'r_?JQn·c?rporation _th~t, th~ough unlice~_sed tor. 5 ye~rs·(R.A. No. 8042·as amentJe~,;/lec.' 4);,,-,~.ui;~'.'.._,,_~gc!nls.,_!~,!lUlts workers in·. the ~ountry !Tlay be sued · · . ·· • · •• _ • ~; >1 · 1;;,, r · .. in and. .fqun!,1. lia!:>le f?Y. Pl:iilippine ·courts (Facilities Th13. · State . ~~all a_lso al!ow · the ·.deRJ~,Y.~('V of · Management Corp,· v: l)e La Rqsa; G.R. No.: L. .Overseas F1hpmo.Work~rs·to: _: .· '\{.'.'._';,~·· · ·· . 38649, Maret:, 26, 1979). ·:, ·· :· 1·. · Vessels' ·.navigating th~. for:eigq seas _,pr to · · · , j,:istallij1iohs !orated. offshore or on high seas ARtiCL~ ·3a; ILL~GVAL,.. RE;CR.UIT,MEN.T. , , . · .. '. . who~e O"'(ners/eniplayer:s ar~. ·con:,pliant' with · · · 1.·, .Any act i:>f (C:ET~HUP)°.!;anVp~sln!;J, ~nJistlng, ··:·.inter.national laws and-standards ·ihat protect the · '!ri;ins_port_ing, _gontracting,: !!iring/- yti_lizing, · or · · .. : r.ights or'migr.ant,wotk~rsi 9ncJ .. ,. . . · .. . ~roct,1rin_g_,.. w9rkers: _(authority cpr:itemplated ,ir:i Art. pr,escribed·by. the POijA and.in.ac;cordance with ., · .1.3(f) of,:the Labor Cod.e (R.A." No.' 8042 as,· Sec.: :lnt~rnatlo_nally~accepteq,.. standar.ds (R./t . No. .. . · · .·6; LABOR CODE, Arl_; 13(b)). ' . :, · . 804;2 afi_a·menqe.d, .$ed,. 4).· · · . . . .. · 2. · T.he,-acts· enumerated under Art. 34·'of the Labor · · · · .·· ·· · . · ~: .¢0.de. : · . · : : ··· · · · ~.rmi~ation· or ~~P.. o_n Deplo~~~n.t ~ : . : ·. · ·- · l'n- pursuit of the. national Interest or wh.en public .Presumption 'otllleg~I-R.~cr'u1tm~~t for NUN,HA' weJf.ar~ $0 require$; the POEA Goveming ,Board,, Any·r:,oh-license·e (NL) ·or· non-holder ·of.authority aftei:· con$ultatioi1 with the. D.epartm~nt of Foreign . (NHA). who· in a'ny r:nanner,-offers:or promi;;~s for a· Affatrs~.m~y. at ariy'time, te_rrt'!in~te.or impose a ban fee employment aproad "to: 2 O'r 'n,p_te pe_rsqns shall on· the deployment of. migrant :workers (R.A. No. be' deemed so engaged_ i.n. illegal recruitni!;lnt (R.A. 8042, ·sec. 5, as a,ine'!.ded by R.A·No. 1.ooi2J. . No: 8042 _as..amended, S~c .. 6). · ·
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Note:' T~.e law empowers the POEA to appr~ve and yerify a contract under Art. _34(i) to insure that ·: the employee . shall not be placed in · disadvantageous positions and.thatthe contract contains the ···minimum·· standards of . such -employrnent contract . set by .. · .the . POEA. Neite: Under R.A. No. 8042.- as amended by. RA However.' wh'ere supplementary contract was. Nq: 10022, license or authority. of the illegal recruiter· . . . ·entered into · affordi.ng greajer · benefits to the is immaterial (1 CHAN, p, ts). ·· · employee:than the previous one and althouqh . .~ . . .· . the ·same w~s. not submitted for approval of · Prohi!)it:ed Practloes for by.ei-seas Employm_ent P.OEA,. -the same · is 'valid. and enforceable The foll.owing acts are· prohibited under Art -, 34 of the · . (Se;'JguU Marmme.Cqrp. v. Balatongan, G.R. No. r Labor code and considered .as ·uiegal rscruttment 8~2~52, February28, 19~9).· · . · · · under. Section 6 of RA. No .. 804?. as amended by t3 . .To ·.fai_l · to .file .. .reports· on .the, status . of RA. No -. 10022, making· it unlawful forany.indlvldual, employment, :_. placemerit etc. and such other- . entity or holder ofauthority:_JIF-FbUND-WITJ-f~AFP) . · · -in~Uer.s a~ may be required l:)y. the. Secretary of . . . . . :· . · .· . . .. Labor · (fallure. to cornpty · with rules and 1. -To charge gr~atec:- amountthan that specified in . requlatlons); .and · ··· · _the sch~dule of allowa?le fees _(!l.te9al·exa~~Q1.i~-"'"".1~0.i~duc~o~ attempt to induce a worker toquit 2. · To f~rn1sh ar,y_Jalse 1nf<;>rmat1on· !n -~~~·~~~No.t~}~ilbs ...,i;a;-.6·;~~p 7 are not found in Art. 34. but 4. ·To obstruct or att~,:nptto ~~!t1.:1~1tl.ifsp(ction~,Xi "jf=: .,!?,91Y 111~e~1-,_~'~tf\No: 8042 as amendeo-ey R.A. the ·. Labor Secretary ,f.or""'-~,s·· atf.lthorizeh .#.i~- L~p.·100i2, ""' V \. · . . representatives (Qbstn,1q,fjnspe9nori}; :·'f.\ r i · · · 5: Fai_lure te> deploy. a cont_iia§J»~· ;fork.~r~iffiou'~~t '. -O~er-P 1 _undergo , . .!:!eal!h,
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. _a__ ~01!rth~ird t~r::i1i~~~u~ents· f:~~~Ynlant 1Y1P\1\~~1r~~~~;~~~sii~~;~~f.~~~~~~1 ire;;r~~~s~ . . . _w9r_k~rs. befo_re departure for. , unauthol'i~.-.r.,n%=,~Xce~\in. the case e>f _a s.eafarerwhose tytedical . · .. ·· IT)O~efary considerations.·: ·~it)Jh:ofding t[aver . . . ~~am,1nat10~· ·COSt:. IS . ;,ho.ul9ered ._,by. .the · .documents);. . . . .. · · ' .·. · · .. · pnnc1pal/sb1powne_r; .·· . .. . . . ; 9; . To ·infh.ience·<>r-atten;ipf.to-inflt1en_ce·_any.:pe:rsqn·. 3- !!efusing·: to· co~doqe · o"~. r?n~gotiat~: a· 1oan qr entity nbf:to employ _any v.,_orker who_ ha;~-not :mcu~~d by an oversea-s.F,hRtno.w_ork~r.after t~e applied for:.employmenf through -bis agency , _tatters· ~mploy~ent . ~ontr~ot· h,a_s. ~ee~. (!nflu.eilcing not to employ); . · · ... · . · .. · · .. ,· . · _prem,.aturelytermll'Jated\hrougt\ no fault of his or · · : 1Ct·'T6'become-'an· officei'o'r m·emberofthe Board oL . · · Mer.own; . '... . . · ... . . · . ·. ·· : '.~my·_corporatio[i.e,ngage·d,-iri thefnanagetnentof. 4:.· Fo,r.. ~ recr~itme~Vman-ning -agency.o_r a foreign , . · ii" trav~I - agency ,(Iraye! ·ag~ncy./ office.rs.· -: .p~1.n~1paJ/employer_-to .. f.as_s: <>,0-:-:t_he.ov_erseas .recruiting); : , _ .. . .· F1hpino. worker:or;d~uct. from: tus other salc1ry . . 11. Ta· ·engage in .the recruitment or placement of : the payment· of· 'the. cost· ·ot insurance·· fees,· jops harmful to ~ubljc i,~alth_,. morali~yor· to tha _pren:iium or ott,~r insurance -~~lated_'che:1_rges_. as .. dignity9f-the P,hilippines·-(!!anrifuljobs};: . · · provided· .under . the compulso_ry worker·~ 12_. Tq subStit1Jte .6r .. alter--employmenf contracts msUr9~ce_coverage;::. . . . . . . . without the approval of ·the Secretary of labor · 5: .. : lmJ:)Ol:lm~ a· .. compulsory and . exclusive · (Alteratipn of contracts)" · · Arrangement whereby al"} overseas :f:ilipino .. .. ' work~~:is requir_e_d. to avaif of·a_'[Qari qrily from . '· spec1f1caJly· designated· .ln.stitutlons,· entities or persons; · ·.
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6. :For a §.µspended· recruit_ment/manning ager.icy· to engage in any kind of recruitment activity · including· the processing of pending workers' . app[ications; and . 7. ·.·Imposing. 'a · 'compulsory and · exclusive . . . arrangement whereb¥. .aA. 'overseas . Fjlipf~o .· worker is required to LindergoJ'.raining, seminar,. Jnstructlon or schoollnq: of ariy kind. only from specifically desiqnated Institutions, entities or persons,..except ·f~J recornrnendatory trainings . mandated by pnnclpals/shlpowners where the, iatter: shoulder the·cos"t· of sueri (ralnings · (R.A . · . No. 8042 as amended; Sec. 2). . . .: · . .·
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2. 'Licensed recruiter or Holder of authority the offender cornrrrltsany of.the 14 ~ro'ngfulaots enumerated in Sec; ·6-. of R.A. No. 8042 <:IS amended by R.A. No. 10022 (Sto. Tomas Ii. . ..Salac, .GR.. No.. 152642,_Novemb·~r13, 2012).. Kinds.of II.legal Recruitment 1. Simple· . Illegal Recruitment Illegal recruitment committed by . ariy · person · who' is neither a licenseenor a hotderof authority: :- . 2. Eco_nomic' . Sabqtage/QU~Ufled · . · Illegal Recrultment
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Illegal'. Recruitment . ...:: 'Illegal ,. . · recruitment : by 1 · person or wi.th another " Note': The acts' considered as ill.eg~l ~ecn.iitm~·nt.are person aqalnst · 3 or more. .persons' different from the' ·seven (7.)' _prohl~ited activlties : . tndividuaily.or as a group; .. added in Sec. 6 of R.A; No. 8042 as amended. by b .. Illegal ~ecr:uitment · by· a Syndicate ·- · R.A..No."1002·2. · · · ·.. .', .... ·. · .... · : .· ·:_ ... 11.legal.recrujtrnent·committed,by·asyndicate ,· The per.sons 'criminally liable-for the above offenses or -,a ·group of 3 or more.persons conspiring ' are lh.e principals, accomplices and-accessones.vtn /~. arid confederating with onevarrother in- ..... case of· juric!ica.1 persons, 'the officers·· hav!~J(.;'/lf. . carrying out the act circumscribed bythe law ownership, control, manaqernentor direction of tj,ejr//'i\ commits the fourth type of illeqal'recruitrnent -,:_-. business who are responsible for-_th_e tqriimissiqA/9p.t:•11~~{.. · · by. the law (People v, Sadiosa, G:R. No. ':. · _the·offense and !he responsib.l?·emplo~ees/ag~Jl,sr;;,::;?_,,,1i':':- . 1a~q~4, May·15, 199~)-. · . ·. · · ~i . ·. thereof ,shall be hab!_e (R.A.' Np: 8042-.as ·am,_f!.l!.O.e(!/;,'.?•flH!-~'1·_,}~~7F:;;'-,t~J,; · ·. · . .· . : ·,·.. Sec. 6): . · · · . · · .. · ,.-,,-;:;/ ·: . ~f Elements:of,~.1mple:Illegal Recruitment . · · .. . · · . . · · · y:.,J,:-:~· . dJ....;U· · 1. Tf:ie offii!_·'~~r has n.o valid· lfcens·e· or authori(y i· · ii"! ihe. filing -of cases for illegal re_cruitr;p~JJ~toran.y. r~qujr~. ~Yi~w !o lawfuUy engage. in rE;Jcn.iitment . thep"rohibitedacts.underthissectior'i(JheJS~c~tary -'} · andpj c~meJ;1tofworkers;and.·· ·. · . · ,: o{ ·La~r a~d .Empio~'ent;'the~¢1€A f,t~Mrstratqr.· 'i) 2.. The _pfferi~er"~nd~rtakes_ any acti~ity within_ the . or t~e1r. dtil_Y pUtho~ize~: !-~Prf?~ntati~~~,/or., ~nr !ii\ .~~~i'l~g)E:re·ir~!tme11t a_~d_plaC~f!!en~··def1~ed. 1:1~.g~eve9· ~erso~ may 11:11tia~(~h~6$~,P.y R;A. N6. 6 of RA No. 8042, as'.amended by R.A. No.. · .. 1 OQ~; w.~eneve~ :cJpplicable; . . · .· . 10022· The acti;; are·.~~mitfed .by_" at.least ·3 person~. c. · f,ny.of the ·1-4· ~cts. enurry~rat~-9. in Sec. 6. of conspiring, -and/or· t:_onfederating · wi.th one R.A .. No. 804=?', : as· amended by R.k No. another; and · .· . · · . · · · ·. 10022... . . . . . . . . Thei offenders are not licensed or.authorizetl. to · do so (/RR of R.A. ·No. Bd42·as amended, Rule
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STA.N D.A·RDS
SAN Bf.DA,, I.AW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS.· -· MEMORY AID . 2019
Note: lllega_l' recruitment when . committed by a syndicate, or in. large scale sh~II .be considered an offense:involving economic.s.abotage (1 AZU.CENA, supra at 111).
Note; Conviction urider the· Labor Code for illegal · recruitment does not preclude punlshrnent under fhe . Revised ·Penal Code forthe crime of estafa (People .v. Fernandez, G.R No.. 199211,'J.ime 4;2014), in
other words, a person. · may · be charged· and convicted for both illegal._recn.l!tment and 'estafa. Note: Illegal recruitment tn larqe-scale and. ·illegal recruitment by a· syndicate are · separate· -or independent categories~·:.They need not coinclde . Act·cons.tituting Estafa . ··within the.same case.'Where only one.complainant The . accused. represented · themselves to ·. filed .indiyidual' complaints, there is no illegal cornplainants jo have. the capacity to send workers . recrultment.iln · large'.', scale; .. but. the· three (3) abroad, although they didnothave any authority or . conspiring recruiters can 'be held guilty :of illegal license. It is by this representation that they induced . recruitment· by a syndicate :(Pepple:v. Hernandez, complainants to . pay · a placement' fee.' Suen act G.RNos.:141221~36;-March 7, 2~02).'. .constitutes est;Jfa 'under Art. ~15(2) of the RPC· . . . (Pef.?ple v. Hemenaez, G:R:·No.-· 199211, 'JufJe 4, PrinciP.1.e~: on ·. Illegal :· Rec~ltr:nent. Involving 2014). . · · ' Ecohotnic Sabotage .. . · . . 1 ... Both. iJl.egalrecruitmentin larg'e scate.andilleqal. . 'Note: The offended party must have .relied on the . .recrultment- by syndicate are ma/um prohibitu~=,,,...J.alfiepretense, fraudulent act orfraudulent means of (Pt:JOple "·. Chua, (3.R. No. 1_8,70;,2; ~l~_nfl:;erTf 1 1~"1l. Gl.l~~d!. . and as a result ther.eof,: the offended · 13, 2012). , .·· .: . . _... . /..' •. ~ ·'U. jp~,rftyful<1:r:.~.damages (1 ·AZUCENA, supre .at 2. · T~e number of v1ct11~srs dete}IJ!l•~tive · cnme for larqe-scale 1lleg_al r~~1:11trriep~tiflure . . ~!J .;;/),'\._ . · to prove.that at least three (~fperc~~r'~i;.wited"""''¥~ReleyJ!iY~"P~~i~.1_es. on ·.Illegal' Recruitment and. •· rnakas the crime a ·caserot~ JiA1p1rmegRJ.i "~{ ~;,tara:\ ·~ ~ J \ . ~ :· . · · . recruitment: There is no.fi1fe1ialieerutlment .iYl i,:JJ\ .th.\ ·Samlf eVfEle/'i'cetd~prbve illegal recruitment may large scale base?· on Se"5~fal inf#rnatio~..~~~. ~ , . h:~~ie~.to~~f~)e~taf~; . . . '-only:one complainant; · Q ';/'jf. _ "2,:-9o_n11et1or:i\~{?!.J?e\h·· 1ll~gal . recruitment : an~ 3. n~m.ber.ofoffe~de~~•sieffol~mativ~oflhe? ~.@;rest~fa.,not.doUble]1~oparqy.(1.Cf!~N,p:.8). ~rune of Illegal recru,tm(lnt byt~yn!=l.•ca~l(Pe.~p/~m."'JT ,. ~ . . '# ..,. . . ~ . v:•. Hu, G.R_ Ne. 182232}J6c}q!Jt;tr ~ve_'i!i:/6!.:,9nm,mal :A!tion·· Arrsmg from Illegal
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Consequences of.Convict19..nf(~FC),.· ~:'.\:~\"',.· J'P,fainaj{t m~,11:ii his option, file ati~·e RT¢ 1. Automatic ,Bevocafon of tee lice~e or fi~~i! "~~ . ~:3'vinc~or cityf..: . · . .. . · . · · · (LABOR.COD~, Art.- $~(e)J;. . ..'- · '-./~?._ / 1 flere :tf.te offe11~e was-cqmm1tted; c;,r . 2. · .Eorfeiture ofth~ cash'and s~raty bonh~.(LA@§><:>ii-,'t..i"1:"·P,,.·,h~E(the:offfifdedp;:irty reside~ afthe time'of ·COD~,.Art.-'39(e));..and. . '\ . .r.:,~-Ltl..'L!;.:· tbe lder of'1!_is limited' fi~ope, · : It ·Wider.·in' scope .and . . authority.(R.A No..1Jo12, s.e1·· 7).,. CQV~f~ .d~ce,ts whether .· :related oi: .not·reJated. to · 'recruitment,a.divitie~.. '
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··(CHAN,· The Labor Cop~. of" the Philippines· 'A,nnotµted Vol,1, 20Q9.; p'. 258) [hereinafter,1 QHAN, The LaborCocie]. · · ' ·
18 I 2019 SAN BEDALAW CENTRALIZED'BAR OPERATIONS ·
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LABO.R StA.NOARD-S . SAN 'SEDA I.AW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIO~S'- _MEMOR,YAl!) :zo19
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Absence of Receipts Eviqencing Payment, N.~t / Fatal . to· Prosecution's Case for I_Uegal '.. · . Recruitmeot .;_:_· As long· as the witnesses. can positively show if:.: throuqh. their . respective testimonies. that the ~' . accused is . the one . involved in- prohibited ';.f· . recruitment, he may be convicted of .the offense despite the absence of "receipts {People v: Sagaydo, i·. GR Nos 124671~75 Septemaer 29·· 2.000)
th~m .of the ag~n~y·s requirement of p~yment of performc;1nce .' or ·.cash bond ·. prior to "the 31pplicant's deployment, As- the_· crewii:ig manager., . he · ·was ·. at the .forefront of the comp·~:ny's recruitment activities (1 CHAN, p: 8).
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· issuance of s"earch·~arrant or W;r~a~t of Arrest : Under. the . Co_nstitution,. · only · a Judge · may issue search and.arrest·warrants-(CONST., Article Ill, Sec.
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· · .· Commissioner of l.mrrii"fi.«Jtiorf may order. arrested,
foll6win9 a final order of deportation •. · · . . "Note: The,~bligati~nscovenanted jn the. r~~ruitment' · · . Ar:t. 38(c'). oi ~h~- ~~bor. c·o~e is unconstltutional ,:. ~, aqreement between: the Iocat aqent and its. fore(~n . inasmuch'. as · it gives the · Secretary of Labor the ~.: ';', prlnclpal are not-coterminous with-the. term of such · ._ power to issue search or arrest warrants, The ·1atter F.";· . aqreernent- so that .if· either-or bottrot tt,ie parties.,,.,,.') not _beirig a judg~•. the authorities :must go through (. _; decict~ to ?ri<1 the agreement, the respo_iisibilitie_~~(/!:r. theju~\cial process (Sala'zar vrActiecoso, G.R.· No, (:.· . such·. parties towards· the contracted _e_mplo~e~~/.(,:·~·~131510, _March _14; 1990). . · '. uno_ertheag_reementdon?tat.allend_,.b~t.tres~i;n.~.;~;,_,;1J .' ·.· .." .. .. · ·. . . . .. :. · oxtends l:ll? to and until the expiration of ·;th~~:'·'·\'mi...,1!'1.t?fe-:35:,A~uspens1onand/or: Cancellation .of ' . employm.ent contract~ of the ~mplorees- re9;ryfite!f!.Qyrt'!.µ_~~~f~:P.!?r:·it uthority ... (Refer. to the· pre_iliou~ '>. . an,d._-employ~p pu~suant · to Ute .said _.,r,e5-'._6.11t!'llent . l'I . :d1sr;:.uss1on--o_, · Suspension_. ?Jndlor Cance/~at1~n .. ot "· . agr~eme'!t.Otheiw1se;_this will rende(?1:ig~~o!Yth~/r-d,', License or orfty). · .· . · · · · :. · r.. v .• vety ·purpo.se . for. wh1c~ the- }a~ . ~l?~~r~1~g - t~/· jf tj \ . .. . .. . . ~:·· I ery,ployment of worke~ for fore1_gp,J9)'i~~ayt~fO'WaS·. · A_RTtCI:,-~}.~ R~G-~LA_TO~Y POWER .· , ·.. ~ .. er:ia9ieq ·(ATC! Overseas Corp,,.-:t?,·lEch1n;QJ~i·R?-NC&,:__ J:he-·Seqceta,f _bt~La~or .shall have t~a. pow.er to 1:,;r. ·178551; Oc_tof?er_-11, ?Q10). f C...:,,. ~~ _- · . "'· res~ct i=11,_d ~~0~~!~e re_c~itment a~d p!aceme~~ !t. · ." · , . V.:.)../ ·o:.::::~-;v~ ~- . f". act1vfff~9.Jf~~!!P!@"p'~1esw1tbm the_ -cover_ag·eof.this. ExceptiQn _to Uability of R.ecril(!n:ie(-)t~g.ericy~~'.}· Title· arf'.cH~h.tlet>/authorizedto jssue orders .and · ~h.er_e. 'the: ..yorkers· them_:;;el~s~~1laj,~~d;'lort'1,_t3... ·pr'?m~~~ate _rul?s. a.nd· r-e~ulation~.t? e:~rry,~ut ~h·e .. i(· recru_1tment. a!i!e~cy_ to se_.n~_:t_!,em,\ 9,ack )t~ th?1~· . ~t•\'.• ,.:9~Jqctives a,:id 1mpl~!'ll~nt_,the prov1~1on.s of_ this i:1t1e ~--. forei~n employer .~f!!Spite their· ·kno11e~:g:efof__ 1~~---/'._.,,,:1;J~'f.!!!.fl~.,.9Q(_)E,.as amend~'! by P.D. No. .{3_50,_-Art. ~y:· 1_nab1htY. t~ pay their -wages;- the ._Court,-~solvE;.d,.tt(e-..~•··tY'.l!.-~~).-----=f~, . .. ftf. · 9gency fro_rp liability_ (Feaf]fe· ConstruO,~l_f'i!_. C_t!Jr,:i{v. . ~. .. ·. · .. : . . . ., . . t;;_ · · Dotado,. ~-~· ly_o. 8_6042, April 30,_ 1Q~f}:}f~'). · ARHCL.E 3·7'; ),'!Sf~ORl~_PO~ER , ._- .. , _.. · ·. ·. ', · . , . . . · . :-- · Th_e.·-s.ecretary ·of."_:tabor. or ·IJ1s. duly ·authoriz.ed'Liability···of -Etnployee···of- Company· Engag'ed. in r~prMentati'iie$ may, . at-'· ahy .. tim~ •... i"i)spect . the- .. .. lhegal Rec'niitnien~ . . . ·. .. .: ·.. . . .· ·. ' . pr.e!'llises,' b6b~S. g.f. a~counts f10d re_CQrds:. of arJy .. , · An.erriployee of a co.mpany or corporatitm·engaged pers_ol') ·or entfty cover~ !:>y·this .Title, -require)t. to_·· . . in . ilreg'c\l. recruitment. may' be held. as principal, ·. ~ubmit repo'r:ts re_guJarly on pres_cr.ibed forms. ind.to · togi=ither. with'· h·is . emplo.yei', if if is.: ~howr:i that he ·ac;:t Ori vioT~tions :9( ar:iy p"rovislons -ot. lhis Tille. ~ctiv~~y··. an~'- t.onsc!ously ·par!idpa~ed ·_h illegql . ·(LABOR _CODE,·Arf.. 3.7);'.. '... ·. :··. · : .' .. : recru_itr;:ient .(People · Ii. . Valencianp; G:R. . No. · · · · - ·. it'l; . 1$0926,'Qecember 1.0, 2.008)'. v. . • • Articl~. 3tt:· Re~ruitment. YRefe.i .the"
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. disi:;·ussion. on II/Mal Recruitment).·
Rele,/ailtP.rirfci~les IIIegal Re~rultrrlent .... 1 .. · Employee·s· of a ··licensed ·'recruitment agency n:-.ay.." be .. held' li~blEi"'for. illegal .recru]trhent as. _· · · priricip'al py·airect participi:ition, togeth.erwith his.. · em,ptoyer.,.".if. i~ is -sh_pwn ·that_ h~· actively ·and,'· consciously partltip!=lted In ill_egal recruitment. 2: . Good faith and merely following ~rders ,of -' . superio,rs arl3·riot"v'aJid def~r.i~es o~ ~n em.plbYE:~-3. ,A manager of a r~cruitmei:itlm.ar:mmg agenqy.1s n.ot a nie(i,j employee. A.f, s;uch, he receh,:esjo~ _appiica~ions,- interviews applic~nt$ and informs
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. ARTICLE 39: ·PENAL TIES . . ·Sec:) ·of. R.A.". No·.· 80.42, -as ameni;l¢ by R.A: -No. 1.0022: pro:.iides · for . the penalties qn · fl legal rec~1.tment. · .· . · · 1, · Any·- perspn found guilty -of Illegal .recruitment· .. shall suffer. the ·penalty of impris-6111')'.lent of not . less th~n 12 year~ ancL:r ·d.ay but not more t1:ian · 29 years · and a ··fine ·. ot i:iot . less· tha~ PJ ,QOO,OQ():00 .nor more.than P2,000,00~.oo.
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2019 SAN SEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BA~ OPE~ TIOf\!S I 19 ··
LAB:OR ST AN DAROS
SAN.8£DA !,AW C/NTRAtltED BAR OPERATIONS -r MEMO!?Y A/{] 2019·
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2. Th~ penalty of life imprisonment and.a fine of not less · than P2,000,000.00 nor. more than · P5,00Q,OOO.OO shall 'be imposed. if illegal . recruitme'nt .constitutes economic sabotage as. defined. therein.· ·· ·· · · ··
Any person found guilty ot'~ny.ofthe Jrohibited .. acts shall suffer. the penalty of· imprisonment. of not' Jess·than .6 years and 1 ··day but 'not more than .12 years · and a· fine of not' ·iess than P500,0.00.00 nor more than .P.1,Q~O,Q00.00. · .: ... . . Penaltles. f9r l!)eg~I Re'cr~it111e11t. . . .. :
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Prescription The prescriptive period of illegal recruitment cases is . · five (5) ·years .except illegal recruitment involving economic sabotage. which prescribes in 20 years (R.A. No. 8042, Sec .. 1.2;. . . · . One Country-Team Approach provides _that all·· offloers, representatives and personnel. of the Phillppine go\lemment posted abroad regardless of their mother.agencies shall; on. a pet country basis, act -as one country-team wltha mlsslonunder-tha -leadershlp .of the. ambassador.· The ambassador. may recornrnendto the Secretary of DFA the recall . of officers, representatives arid personnel of. 'the Philippine. government· posted abroad. for acts .. inirnicat to the national interest' such . as, but not limited to, failure· to provide the necessary services .: to protect-the right~,of overseas. Filipinos (R.A. No:
.Provided, however, that the maximum 'penalty. sh.all ~e 'impo.se.d if ~he person ·migal,ly recruited is less than .18 years of age or .committecfby.a non~licensee or non-bolder ·of. ~uth0rity. 3.
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·~eJ)'atr:t~.ton . . :\ . · ·G~per,ar:R~e:.Repatriatlon of the work.er.and the =~-""'.ir~%P'ort{of)'ll~,;~~rs.onal. belongings shall be _the pnmazy_r;espop~~~tlltyof the agency,-whic~ recruited · 0' ,~~ff;,-· · ;......;-· . -=;;;""'-"'-Of4~.~109~~(f,.ew~~~er overseas.. The repatrlation of r;y;nairi\an"q,".f(.~~ott of the personal oelonging~ of 11' ' ""'- . ,'7 . x · · !Ti · :t'~: Xdeceaiedw.b,:lfo'r'aod all costs attendant thereto ... Life . . . . P:2(()00,0©0.()0 :·. r . shall _be born·~~'eY.;f1h'~principal and/or the local lmprisoi:imefiit?": of . ·i: .: . ~,-. ' '7"~eri·cy-il RR OT{ ~~Bp42.a.s emended; Rule XIII, . • · W~ o~ 000·0 o.o'O;c\ta' -~ c;:-SlfJ;.;111)."'. ; • . I\ . . . . -. 'i~
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· · · _,.. -· · • .,, 'T"ll.?;Excepti~s· : 1N · . ·9 'years. .an'!J. :1 ,f!§Oo'.w... ·.O~·t0r~ ~: -)3"--C~~-ltfJ~~intJriw>''i,lftemplbymen~ is due solely to da.y tq, 12 ye~r@"J .13.\00°>~ (QO. ,.. ~. ·!t.l#-<\}fft~f/ie wq~fer, U,1e principal or agency is. . _. .- . \\: . ~ .(.~ '· iDi ~'l~siiU9'ndefj19bliga!J~n to · ad'{ance · the costs ·of (R.A., No. 804~ as amend~d, ~c 7.). '\:, · ·,. ...~"t~t:itriat~n. . T~_is · is without prejudice. for _. · : .· ·. . . · "\ · · .'\'\:'- , ., & .,, ~ P:/ljC9VJl,Y workef sh~ul<:I it b~i:'fo,ur:id ·later. . .Summary.. of·Rules on..Prescribtive ~evo.tt)in,~1~~i!t:fh~~rmw·atrqn was .due solely .to the fault of · · '· Penalt , . ~,.,,...,..~~~f~."X,.oris,~r (Omnibu~, Ryles, & _ Regulations .· i R!er!JJiiffmgR.A. No. 8042, as_ amended by._ . .J.V.!L.A.· ,.J?,!,fl'lf'Jo. 10022, Rule XIII, Sec. -2), and. .,.,.,;__:..,.,,_Q,F""'JO.CaSeS Of lf,/ar, epi,demic, disaSt!:}F Or. Calamities,. ,,, .· natural ·or,-tnan-inade, an.ct other similar eve.nts, · and. where the· principal or ..r~c::r1:1itrnen.t l;l,9.ency. ·can·not. be . 'identified;. 'the.. Oi.(erseas Wo'rke.rs W.elfar'eAdministration(OWWA),.incoordfnation . with appropdate. international. :agencies, s~ail. ·· .'ta.Ke charge of .th.~. r.ep~tria~ion.'(R..A. :No: /3042, ··
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20 I 2()19 SAN BEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS
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Manda~oryRepatria!ion .-of . µnde~aQ.e. M i,ghmt . Wor):(ers·. · . · · _. · : . . .·.,.. . . · . Upon· discovery o.r being infqcmed.oftne·presenc.e of. ·11119,rarit w~rke'r$whose ages f~tl l?elowthe rninimun::i · age... requirElment . for. ·9versei3s· deployment',. the. responsiple . offic;ers in the for~ign .service· shall Without delay· repatriate Said Workers arid 'advise the · D\;lpattment ,of·. Foreign .. Affairs. thr.ough tt)e. fastest· - m~aris .. ·.of . ·cwnmunisation . available of . ~uch . discover.y:.and o~her relevant· information· (IRR· of RrA.,8042 as· amended:.Rule XIII; Sec. ·1).. . , ·
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In such case, therecruitrnent/manning agency which recrulted .or deployed anunderaqe migrant worker· W shall: · rfr:\ ·1. · Payor reimburse. costs of repatriation; (f. · 2: Suffer cancellation of license; · · 3.' Pay a fine of not less .than'P500,000:00 but not {. . · more than P1 ,000;000.00;· .. · . ~~.. · , 4. Refund· all fees pertinent. to· the processlnq of. .papers or.' .documents in .the .recruttment or ~\ . . deployment; and . . ,,.. 5. Indemnify the .underaqe migrant worker or his· parents guardian the damages.sustained by ·the underage -rnlqrant worker. (Omnibus {· · 'Rul~s ·.& Regul.ations :Implementing. R.A. No. r. 8042, as amended by R:A. l'jo. :10022; Rule XIII;
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.the family member .or requested indiviql!al· to meet all visa and travel document requirements; 7. ·Medical evacuation ~ Wheh "an .adequate ..medica!'facility i$. not 'avallable.proxfmate to the migrant worker, as determined by the insurance . <;'.:°ompany's: -physlcian arid/or··. a 'consulting physician,.. v, evacuation ·. 'under · .. appropriate. medical supervision ·~Y.. the mode of transport. necessary shall be undertaken py..tl:le insurance ·p,rovider; and . 8. Medical.._ repatrlatlon - ·: When medically, necessary as determined 'by· the · altending · . physicia.ri, · repatriation ,Urider·. medical . supervlslon to the 'migrant :worker's resldence. shall be untle~~keh·by thelnsurance provider at such time that the r'nigra·gt worker is medlcally . cleared ,for travel by .comrnerclal carrier. If the: Note::·The returid shall be paid,witl:iin.·30' days from period to' receive' medlcat clearance to travel .• the .date of tJ)e mandatory repatrtatlon as· provided exceeds 14 days from ..the.date of discharge from for In. this Act·(R.A. No:'8042,·as emended, Sec. 16). ,....~ · the hospital, an alterhatlve appropriate mode of . · · . . · . ;1A".'/".'.'.( . · transportation, such as air· amoutance, rriay be Nation~! : ·.Rein.tegratiop ·.center for Ove.rs,eas// ·)i. arraniJed: Medlcal and· non-medical escortsmay · Fjlip'ino ~orkers (NRCO). .. .· · , . : . · . b.e'provided when necessary (R.A. No. 8042, ;,1s.· . A_ ~~CO is. hereby created in t~e DOLE for ret~l'l:;~11,9,·:· · ·· .. --~._,,,a'!7_endf?cf;,,Sec. 3.7-A) .. ·- : ·v . . . F1hpino. migrant wo.r~ers· which · shall: pro~9,e "'i' ,!;'..'···: ~.~;~;:--;,'.,l~ ..~~ · · .· · · . .mec~anism f~,r their reintegration int<:> t~~~Pt,ilfppine l'·l ARTIC~"-:'1~.7: PHILIPPINE: .. ··ov~~SEAS · society,·,S$FVe as a.prombtioh·;.house4~F''l~eir loc~t!:t...J! ' EIIIJP.LOY~~NiADMINl'STRATl<;)N '(POEA) . emplqym.en~. and· tap their skills and)p~,t~'pti~I~f9P'-T~ . Th.e: P0!=1f' ~a~'. ta~en over t119 !~nction$ of the national dev.e.Jopment (R.A: No'.. BOj:$)as.'l!Pf'f.ide.d, Qverseaslr-rwiotmentDe~E;)l9pment Board.. (OEDB) Sec. 17}.'" . : ·. · ·.;.,::y~<.· .:'1/<.,:'!'?:?· c.,,.., 1,J .ana Nati9nal)Sea«1en Board (NSB).(E.O. No.197, · · 'J, . ,·, . ·. .·:. . · • c . ;.;,t:.~ c;,, · ~· . ~.. I~-·l..f Sec. ,._, 1):l_ · !] ~ · . . '· . .· ,;·. 'J. · ;.,~.t.~ __,._.,.._,r•·-•..._)\_._., . .. C ~mpu Sary: nsur~nce ._9V:irag~-;:::.rQr,:/)'gerr.~:. 1:··, ... ·~j···•: .. !!·i·•\;so·>y··· : . . Htred,Wor~ers. ·· . _. . ~'."q.: · /;.,, .... ~, ~\),, I_) Prmc1pal!.~t:1ct1':lns:.(FPD) . . ... · . Each .. · migrant .. wor~er : depT,qy~~~y .,.a .. f 1 .. formula_tion, 1m~lemer.itati9~::and morntonng:°f Jecru1tmenUr:nannm~ agency.shal!, 'fu.e ,covete\'.I by a , {,.......,.,.=overseasemploymentof F1hpmo. worker.s; 1, cornpulsoi:y insurance policy.Whic.h sh~lt:t?µecured ,,, . -1"4.~~,1Rrf}t~~tlon of their rigbti;; 'to fair and equitable at no. c:;o~~·to·the sai~ work~r... lt shall b"~letfe.ctixitJo~.f!.u~~:..........empl0yment pr~ctice~: ~nc:f . .. · .. th.e:durat1on;ot~h!:!.r:n1gr~m~."t'.orker's em'P.~~n:r~ryt'i3nd 3 .. Qeployment,. , of. F1hp1n'?. : ·~orl<_ers. thr<:)Ugl:1.. shall coyer, af.tQe-minimum: (CARDMS~~Meoh ·. ·governmenJ-to~govemment.hirin.~:i'(1-AZUC~NA;' 1:·.: )?!~cide.rita1·death .s.urvivor!s,·beoefit1"payable· sup1ct at 58). ·· · : · · .... · : ·• . ··tp the migt,ant-.wqr~er's. benefi~iaries; . . · ' · 2. Perman~nt total.Qisabilify. bene:fit payable tq· ·Reg·ut~tory F·unctions . 1he migrant worker; · . ' · : . .- · . T.he POE~ sht:1!1:. . . . . . . . , 3. Repatrlati.on·.cost"of:the',·w~rker· wh~n .his 1. ·.·In t!'le reGrui.tment ~nd plac'e1Tient of workers.to .·\:en'lpl6yment is terminated without' any. valid ~ervice· the req1.1irements, for.· trained 'and . cause,. incJvdi.rig. the transport of his personal cor.npetenk Filipino wbrke~S. of .. foreign· . bel<;mgings. 'In. e.ase 'of death, repatriation cost ·governments and t~eir. ihstrume.ntalities;· a1;1d for the rl3turn . of.his· remains;.· · soch other. employers . as public ·interest may. 4. ,§ubsist~nce all.owan·c.e,.berefit; require, Qeploy only to countries': (!;SIG) . ·s. Money clalm.s arislng·frdm employ~r·s liability; ·· a., Where ~he': Ph)!ippine.s hc1s concluded 6 .. ~ornp~ssionate Visit:- When a migrant worker §,liateral · · · labor· . . · agreements . ··or . is-hospitaiized and l')as l::i.een·eo.nfined·for at least arrang.enients; ·. · . · · ·> · 7 ·conseout'fve days, ·he Shflll:·be entitled to ·a b. Observing and/cir complying· wi~h the .. compassionate visit" by ·1 ·family 'member qr a · ,international la~s and st~ndards'fqr migrar:it : :requested individual. The · insurance company . · ·. · · ·,worke,rs; and . · . :' .· · .sliafl..pay for'tiie transportation cost of the. family c. ·g,uara11teeing to protect the rights. of Filipino , in¢ml:;>f;lr :reqi:iested ln'dividual t0 the ·major .-. . migrant worke~. · . ·· · ·airport closest. to. the place of hosp.italizatlon of 2. · !r:iforn'I migranJ work·ers not only of. their .rights. as . . _the' worker.. ltis, how~v~r. the. responsibility of . worker~ but also of their right~ as' l)uman 'being~;
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LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS
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In the case of. IPAMS v. De Vera· and Arriola, G.R. · No. 205703, March 07, 2016, the' Court ruled that a foreign f aw may g·overn. overseas employment . · contract when the fo.ll'owing.requlsitss. are present: (Sl~·Pro)' · ,1. , That ·it is expressly: §tipulated in the overseas . . .emptoyment contract that a 'specific FOREIGN · law shall govern; z. That the forei~h .[aw [nvoked must 'be proven beforethe courts pursuantto-thePhillppine rules onevidence; ; · · · . · 3. · That {he. foreign law stipulated 'in the overseas . <. employment contract must !iPt be ··confrary to · .law,:- morals, good ·customs, public order, or · ·. · · ·.. · ,·' ->. · · . ··· · . · ·· public pollcy-of the Philippines: and ' · ·. .Adjtidlca.tory···Functlons- (.Jurisdic~lo_n· Reta_ine~. , . · . 4- T-ti~t the· overseas·eniploym~rit contract must be . wltt) POEA) · ·. · . ·,. ·· . ·. .. ·. .Processecrthrough lhe POE.Ai.. . · 1'·. , "Admfnistrati:.1e· cases · .fovolvi.ng. violations .of · . ·: · · · · ·, ~- · · · · · · IJcen~ing rules and regulations· and registrati.9.lj,_,....it,:__--.§ubj~cttel exiefting laws, ttie'crirninal action shall be .recruttment and · ernployment" ag~f1.ciEis'"'or. j{!s'ttl'.lte..dand tried jn the court.of the municlpatity or · ··. -e,:i!il(e~;·ar)d ... · · _ ..... 'Je~fo~,~9!~t~e ?ffefls~_was com_mitted or where . 2: Dlsclpllnary action. cases an.9./ot.tfef\eypelklh·-""',.,~J}Y qt•t5kresse~1~.l1ngred1~nts occurred (RULES OF ~ses_ .which are admini~tr~~ie' in'\c~r~t~ei', .. · : ~ ~o1JgJj;l'fultJ}'f.J().Sec. , _, 15(~)). . .-.· .· . . · . involving . employers, pn~c1pal~}j.Dn![~tm~ ~':""-.:.._.., ~ . partners and Filipjno mig(a~D-w.oi~er~!(/RR ·t,f 'R,_~Q"4J~~owever, fixed an alternative R,A. No: 80_42,._Rufe.X, SJj'c.. 6):-..//J · ·J!" : fa~ .Jtent;re· f~fm. t~Af'pr~~ide·d __ in :3ection _1~(a) of !~e · · . · fl · I • Ru[ee offnm,"111 W,p"l'4~re, ,ce., a cnm,nal·acbon .. ·. Note: Jurisdiction. over .fl.~]P"s-'rjsin'g·ibut"ofafi . ~ ·-:-_ansing":"'liom.., illdgif. r;,_~qruitr.nent may also b'e filed , . · empl~){er-employ~e _rel~tionstijp. ·or !:>Y. .-vii;tµ~of~ere thp.offen~~~d1Js(rtt~ctually resides a.t the time . . ·. any law ~r contra.ct.invo1v!~Q~lfil.!i:>i1foW ~ef"l:ifC:lP. ' , ~he Cfi>l.!.!!ri_;SS! p~-ef:th.r offe~se ~rid that the co~r.~ ' · ?.~ersE;ias ·. deployl1'.le~t q inel4~ng .(~•r-i:is :f!l~:~~~4:·J~@pm\1;:ii ac~12n ls first filed shall a~q~1re 3. · :instruct and guid~ the· workers flow to assert their-rights and provide the avanable mechanism to redress violation ·Of their ·rights; . · ·:· · · . . 4·. Regulate private sector perticipation -Hi the recruitment and overseasplacement of workers · · throuqh if;:, lice~sing · and registratl_on_-.systern: · ·a.r.'ld. .. .· . . .. . s·. '. formulate and impternent.. in coordination with · appropriate .'· entitles concerned, wh~!i. . .neces.sary, .a · system for promoting · and: . · .. rooni!oring.,the.overseas·empfoymen.f of-FiJ!.Ri.110; · .: workers taking into consideration ·their' welfare . and the dqmeslic manpower requlrements (f?.A·. Nd. -8042, as arrie,:i'ded.by R.A: No. 94;22). ·
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·\: ·: '(. . 0 ;~judica!i?h ~ ciffice qr.· 1. .~_uspend.or ca!lceJ hceps~~·and~. }!-; ~~I .Gffl.~.e_,Sif~e PO~. ~s tt,e. ca~~; may be. 2. ·.order- ~the. refund .or· re1rnk:!urser:peot9,[~.9.~h~he..PQ~~¥motu p_r-op10 U(ld~r.take·d1scipl11:lar.y illeg~lly.,co_ll~cted:f~e~.(Ea~,ter'!A~~an'c.r:Jp._nd .. 'i;\1j /aciio;\._·)9Jiilst·a work7r.. !~-shall es,tabli.~ha ·system · · .Surety.Corp. v.,. Secretc.Jryof La~or, G.~Yl~'l36- -lYllo~~td'ung·and _!)la.cJd1st1ng (POE;A Rules; Book VII,·. 50,· Januafy' 17;'.1}Jg"_OJ. ·. ·
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' . . . ' \ Note: For com·pl~!e llst of grouAAs.:for ·.~iscjplinary -·action, refer to ·2016-POJ:::A Hules and Regulations · ·Goveri1ing:Overseas .Employment, Secs. 143:.149.
. fy'loney clajms·_or. ~l~ims for 9a1:nages should: b.~-.file~.· before the·Regional Afbjtration-Sranch ofthe NL~C:-. 1, · . Wher.e th~ complain~nt-reside·s:·or·· · . · · . The ·secretary <,>f 1-:abor shall have the. exclu~lve to . ·.2:. : V','her.e ·.the· princjpal· d_ffice .of th'~.·'~esp,onden\· ·act on appeals frO!tl the,.Orders of ttie Administrator . . ;employer is .situated., -~t the .."op_tion· ·of. 'tlie . .(201.6. POE;A . Ri.iles .and· . Regulations .. Governing ...complainant (201{·Nt.;RC Rules ·at.procedure.. . ' · · .OverseasEinploym_ent, f?14(e. Vll,,Sec~·185). · . . ·· RuleIV,·sec. 1,__ par.. (e)). .· , ., . . . . ·.: . . . . ... ~ . . . . ' . . ' '. . Tt)e ~ule~. of . P;~cedur.~ . on: Vel)ue: ·was mereiy. .. ·con:ipfi;,mise J\gre.~rrieni . . . permi~ive-, allelwing. ,3· 'qifferent ·venue· .. when. the . · Sec:.. 1 O ot RA No.· 8042 al!ows resolution by compromise· of .cases filed with ttie · NLRC.. Any intere'sl oLstibstantial "justice demands, a ··different compromise/amicable . settlem'e,nt or, . vollmtary /Dayag \,. <:;anitates,:G.R:· ·r.Ja.·..·12419$, March 6,'19~8). . . . . . agre.ernent on _-mon~y cla.ims inclu~ive .of damages .. under this s'ection shall be-paid within thirty-(30) days .•. . ·authority. from approval ofthe s~ttlement by .the appropriat~. '.·. . . . . . .. ·. I
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Rule on PrematureTerrnlnatlon .of Contra~t: 1. · If .termlnated on groun·ds other thanthose. that . are lawful,' and :.valic:J .b.efore the . agreed termlnauon date.. the employer will . pay .the . workers · their .salaries correspondinq "to the· unexpired, portion . of the employment· contract· · (Vinta ·Maritime Co., tnc. v. · NLRC, G.R. No. · 11$911,'January 2;3, 199~)- · .- '.. . . 2. · vnder- · Seetlon "·10 •. a worker dismissed 'from ·. overseas employment . wittid\Jt just,'. vatid. . or' authorized cause or' the\-e are. any unauthorized . deductions from hls salary. he ts-entitled to fi.J.11. ·rein:ibarsemeiitofflis.pfoce.mer-1t,te'e."Vithint~'re.st at. 12%- per· annum .plus. salaries- :for.· the unexpired'p,ortii;>rj'. '61' 'his: contract (R,A. .'8042,
Due Process'Requlr~d·t9 Terminate Employmen·t Procedural due process ; requires that. a. seaman must be given: ' . 1. Written .notlce of the charges 13gainsl him . The employer js bound to furnish him 2 notices: a: The written charqe; and . b.'. The written noticeof dismissal in case· that . is the.penalty imposed. · ·. ·. . 2. Format lnvestiqation · .where he can . defend ·· himself personally or thr<;iygh. a representative before be can. be- dlsrnlssed .and disembarked. ·from.the vessel (Dela Cruz v, ·M.aersk,Fi!ipinas . · Crewing,lnc., G.R. No. 172.0;38,. April 14, 2-008). · · · · · .. ·· ~inirrrum EITl~loyment.·'Co~ditl'ons of'Pv.er~~as.· . ,g- · · ·10/p.ar.. SJ. · · · · · · · · Emptoymen~:(G~l- ~O)· ·:.. . :. . ; - . :; · ~. :t!. -; · · . ~ 1. Gyaranteed wages for regular 'work 'houns and ~ · · .. · J~rispru~en~e·~n'ttie u.._..c·or1stltutlonaiity ofSe~. ·· overffme pay, as appropriate, whichshall not be e-: · 10 of RA'· No. ~04~ v. se:c~ 7 .of ~.A. 'No. 10022 Iower than the presctibedrnlnlrnum wa·g~. ·in the · .· with Rei'.}a~£1·to Clalrn for'S.alary for the Unexpired , .,-~). . host· country, not 'tower- than tl)e·· :appropria,te .. :rerm.:. .. ''. . . .·. · .. · . .,. · ... ·· :,11/)Ji,. ''. niinimurn·:wage stancjard' set forth·in <;I bilateral.. The clause."orfor.three mpntb~ foreveryy_earo1.the, -~·1::·.) agreement 9r·: irite~nati9nal co.nver:rlion· duly.·, ,;,. , .'1.fnexpfie_t.:J.l~rf!i~ whiche'l(ei'fs·(e$~".tn· Sec:. ·10(~);,q{5::··,,,;;( rati.fied .by the host country. a.nd the PhiHppin.e~ i;: RA·No,_·80'~2 .was.declared. unco.n~fitutional:,bJ:thfi:,,;·;::,,,:-:-:-';or . ~o~)o:wer ~an the. m(njmury, .wage in. the SC for .. "'.1olat!l19 Sec~.:.1 •. A'!·'. Ill,.. Se~. : 1.8, Al{j!f~~~,:y\ ,....~; ! J :'.'~)?!-!\,P.P.Jn,7~.• Wh1~h.:vens.h1gh.e$t;.. ·: I • : .. ti,:·. S~c. 3; fl.rt, XIII of.the C~n~~tut1?'n, wh.!~t.as:.e?rd ~I.I /1 i'( 2. .free--t~~'}sportatron to and from the w9rks1te, o.r . ·~~~b.er~.Pf.the labor sector, w1thou\r~,1st~ction·as;L.1,1 ·: offsetlm-fll~nefit; · 1 .. . . . . · · .· to P.lace bf ~eploym~rjt,.iu!l .prc.>teatior:i;~Mf.l~ir·~~hffe:---:!h. ;3.. free... ,~n~ accommoqation, (?r offsetting · W and We_lfare_ (~en:a.noy. ·.~~1./;:mt f'.1~!.!ftme.~~!!r,v1ces benefi~: M·:: ~. . .· ·. · _ · ·. . . . , · · . Gi .. fm;;.;_<ji;~:·N0:, 16_76~4'.·¥a_rch.21;J,~09).; irt~ . ··~ .: 4. Jus~ut.hpnz~d -~aus~s· f~r. termJnat1on of ~he t·· . · . · ·. · ... · · _ ... : :~~':=-,. .. A ~on.tract If~ <.>f the services ,of the._workers taking f/., The. ~~id ..Pr9vi.sl?n o.t. RA 894~~-~~c~·~.~ ·: }~~;~~p:r.i~~:<;W~iS>i'l. the cust.oms, ·t~a.ditions, .. : J, . pre_v1ously g~clared . tp be .. Q[lq01JSji1qtronJ3I via.~, .. 1~, i : l')OrmS,;,ffiQf.f?.Sr'P.racti~s.company, pohc1es ar9 ' ~" · r~.ena·~~ed.in§e.c:7. ?f. 1~022~~.!GE)f- ~ffep! : .. th_e lab~r laws. and·~ocial·.legislati~ris .oft~~ ha.sf .. · · o~ May 9,. 201,9. _ . , ,-. . 1."''."';t>'m,co..untry~. . . . _ . . .. ,5~>,t-'fh~ ~dmm1st~at1on may :also. c9ns1d~r.· the l· H(>11Yever,'the .~ujlrem~,Co\J.rt_in San.rMf,ovef-?,~Y.S~;~,l:..'~~z.'. !ff.{,fe.1lif~l'ig as 'ba's.,s:t~.r Qttier ,provisio~s.. ~t. tti~ .. .,:.: Pfae~.meo,tAge.ncyln9; v.. C;1bil~s~.G.~·,:.Jil.o. 110{<39, . contrac_t:(PE~.R) :. . ·r.. .:· ......... ,. ·_; • • ·:· ~:. · · Au9u~t· ·s;. . 201-4 ··$clig., tt:iat ~~tH:1te ·~w~~'!!'}tih.e.. • · . a,. ·_E~7v~ilir:ig. co.nqi.~o'n?rec1!iti~~in:the m'<:1d<~t;= · ·.· ~ b ·. ;cli;,tuse ,'ot for_ 3 J1J<J.!1t/1s fpt:_,· eve_ry ..Ye'!r 9f . the .b.:' .5.Xlftin.9 .. labor ij,r1p_.~o<:Jl:!1':law~ ct the :h9.~!:.:, •'--: ·.une_xpiredt~"'l,·.whiCh£;Vetifiles..s,'was·rein.stated in.· . · cpunt.ry; : ,. ,. · . · :: . . ': . Sec. 7 ·.6f ·R.A. Na_·-foo;22~·T~us;-:wtier:i··~. la~ or ·a c. : Relevaot: . bil~tera1.< a.ri_d· .·· · mu~ilat·i~r: if... prcivisiofi·oflaw is'r'iu!Ubecause it.ls io'cohsist~nt with . ~g.te.en'lents or. ~rrangement~·.wjJh the',host the' c·onsti.tu,t.i~n.:.tl'l_e':'\1ull(tycan1:19t':b~. cur.ed·.:bY . country; and . , :: . . . • . · .. ··: . '. '<.': r; rein6.o.rp~r.aUbn·:·o.r_. r!i)~.nactment .ot. th.e s~~e . or · ·. ·· d.. a~1evant. :c;!greements,. · conventions, ~-· simila~ lav,.,·or provisibri. A law ot.p.rovisi9n of lay., tttat · delegati~n~ or. res.otu.*ms · (2016 _: PO€A . ~. . . wa~ ·alreac:iy declared,..unc~mst!~~tio.nal .r~mains'. ·as , . Rple~ : ~nd· ·· Reg,uf~(ions . G6ve_rnifig 'the . ~·· su~~ u.nless.t~e· :c1rc9msta1:1c~~~~~e·.so..c1Jap.g~9 as , Recruit,:nent and Emplaymenr1 _of f:
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remittance services to Filipino overseas . workers. Under RA. No. 8042, it shall. prov.ide the. ·Filipino tnigrant worker and. his family assistance in the enforcement· of contractual · obligation$ by ager,icies, entitles and/or their . principals; 5. Re-Placementand-Monitorlnq Center.{RPM) ·.. · develops ·.uvel1h6od proqrarns for. the 'returninq . workers ·to. reintegrate ·the· returning migrant . ·. ': workersto thePhlllpplne society;'. · 6. ·NLRC ·'-' . tasked with the , settlement or
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Renewal of AEP An application for renewal st,all be filed not ~adier than sixty (60) days before its expiration. ·except when the fore.ign nati.onal n~eds .to leave. the country or in other similar·CifCUmstances that:will hinder the filing of renewal within. .tt:ie prescriQed period, in which case the application·may be filed earlier (D.O. No. 186-17; Sec.. 11). · Application with expired AEP shall be· ·considered new a·pplicatfor,·'(D.O.·No. 186-1?,° S~c. 1.1).
;:.. ~~t6c~!~N:i~~aa~o~~:~~;~~tion .Center for Exe~pt.ipn from·. th~· .,Employni~nt. ·. Permit .· . · OF.Ws) . - proyid~s .a mechanism .:for . the Recjuirem.~.n.~ - . .· . ·.. , • . . . reintegration .. of th.er OFWs into the: Philippine. The f?llo~mg. categories of_ a!1.ens-, are exemp~ from soclety, serves .as a promotion house for their. · se~~r~~9. e~ploym~nt permit l~:ordet to work m the local employment, and tap. their. skllls and . · Philippines. (DOOF:P~E)_ ', , . · : .· 1 · · All ;11eml;>ers of th.e Q'.ploma~i~ ~erv1ce and ·· potentials for national developmentrand · 8., DOH.,...regulates theactlvltlas and operations of~=:.:..fo.reigri~ovei:r,ment official.s ~ccred1ted ~Y and all · clinics whicl) 'conduct medlcal; physical, ·-r . 1i. •· ·Yl!J.~!l.._r~cipro~ity_.agreeme~t ~ith the Ph_1hppme . . f I d t I .. h I ' I d th . ·1 r ·~ i l\[90',!eFl,J,:nent, · · · op IC~• , · _en a • P.SY~. O oqrca a!'l O ~r Simi a '>...../ Offic2.·r;'t,lmdstaff of international. organizations . examinations, hereinafter referred to as 11ealthq.~==~:~'( t:t< lfth"~hT ·. · . ·· t· · b: examinations, .on Filipino migrant workers as -~--~\'!!0 ippme gove.mml:l~.1s a mem E':r'. requirement -for:'. their overseas employment~-"'""'•·a.~<'R1~,~-IP·•J~~11'iatesp~u.sesdeslrlnqto work m · · . · V d ti"' ~':ir; · tl'i~ndJpp1r:19s; -:.., · · · .. (R(~. No.. 8.042:as·amendf/l:.~/7 jp}-' }r. b;\ers\iJ~-tepr~~~ntatives.off?-rt:!grrprincipa\s . · · iifl . . J('// H whote.. COfT!panLe~ . ·are accredited .by . the • r~.,. ,,. n ... :i-~. • \' t: p "'O~ ,.. . E l t ..... ,.,. .. ,.....-.-.-."."'. ----, ...... , ...... /,'1'f,;,,·-~·-~r~.""ij"f'f-· -.-:-(\""·"".="". ~l•J.Hl(?.~~ne ·~\:' .. , versea$ ... mp.oymen. EMPLOYME,,.-ir'F'eP N;;~-it'" 7"\ ~- t~,-7~d~trn~trah~@.""'{~*· EA), ~[19.. ~ome .·.to. the . .. ~ . if · . •I L-:~tl Ph1l1pp1n~s .ff~:.aJ1qi ed pert0.~ and ·sol~.ly for Ute . R'.ESIDEN::1,~·A1',{E1"f. \ '!:- ~, pup~),of ~ntervJe· ing Filip!no applicants for , ·. .. ~ ':i h ,.~ .,~~ ..::::=.;::S__eipR~~prl'er:iC~!:ir.2.~<:f; · . · · .. · , . ·. ·· . . . ·: .' . \ (JI ) \ i:iaibnal~._;J.ho. come. t~ the .PhUippin~~ to TITLE T~O: EM~Lp~MEN~;O.f l"l~N.~REl~·~l ,E{i'J:Tfil ~.JJi;0',t~~fl·~r~.ent a.nff/orc<;mdoc,;t resea_r~h studies, · ALIE.N~ -. .':\ . ·. \ . ~) ~ ... · :illty,ok.;..~~_,.~tfx"emption. is o·n a r.eciprocalbasis; ·~ . a pe(so.n}ii.the.Fhil,ippiijE}S ~_ho ·is pompe.t~nt•. able . .5. Eerm~nerit:. resid_e.nt. .foreign· . ·nationals · an<;! and.. vvi.l!ihg at .th~ time of- applica.t~c;,.nJo ·perform the . ·, pfobatioj,a1y or, tempqr.ary resident visa; holders se_ryices forwh1ch Jt:re.ali~n is P,~.sire.d~·fLABOR· uhder $action., 13,_.(a~f) ·of.the -·Philippine CODE, Art.·40),:. . . . fm·migr~ti<;>rr'Act.of 1~40.·and.Section·s .of the ·· -· . · . · ·· · . Alien Soc;:ial fritegratiqn;AcifofJ.~95 (RA 791.7)~ .. ·A!ifci~~igh.'rt~t!6na·ls.~h6 inteild to.engagEiih gaioful 6, .Be!U9~.es·a.nd Stateless:Person.s recog.niz.ed by .. · ~Qiploymerit ..in, the Phillppinis.' shall apply for AEP OOJ pursuant to Artiele· 17 of the UN Convention · . (D,O. No-: 1_86~17, Sec.· 1): ·. . : .. . . arid P~otocol.:Relatin.g tc:i·~tatus,of R:efugees arid ·. · Stateless .P~rs.ons;·. , .. ,··. : ' .. ·;' . · . .Validity· ~t·AEP. ( ·.· , · -· i. · _·. .' .. · ·• · . · . . '·. 7. : All foreign nationals: grariiect si<ercfption- by .. law . . (D.0. Np; 186.-{! Seci ~) . . . . AEP shall be. valid for- the p9s1.tion and tl)e cqmpany for Which i(was issued .°for :a. period .of one (1).: year ,:-Exclusjon :frQm s~cuiing Em.~f~y·rnerit Permi( . ,unless the .employment ·contract, or other modes. of. .The folloWin'g·categori~s are exciud.ed.frc;>m securing engagem.ent:prov.i~.es otherWise, ·which .. in no· .case· ),n employment permit; (GPCJCO). . . . . .. shall e.xceed three:(3) yea'rs (D.O. No: ·1a6-11, sec. · .·10). . . . . . 1: Mem,ber~ ·.of· tlie: .§ove·~ning · board: wfth · voting· ··rigl:its only. _and ·.d<;> not , intervene in · the· matiagemenfpf t~e cotp·o·ration·o.r .in ·the day to c,l,ay ope~ations of.the enterprjs~ . · · . .
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BAR.OPERAtlONS
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£!.resident andTreasurer, who ~re part-owner of the company; . . 3. Those providing -~onsultancy services. who do not have employers in the Philippines; . 4. [ntra: .corporate transferee who is a manager, executive, or speciallst in accordance .with Trade. Agreements and an. employee -of the foreign service supplier'for at least cne-vear continuous · employment prior ti;> deployment to a. branch., subsldlary affiliate .9r 'repreeentative office in the . Philippines; · ·
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~rave mlsconduct in dealing w.ith or ill treatment of. workers; . . . 5. -Availabiiity of a Filipino who is competent, able and willing. to do the [ob intended for or being performed by the.foreign. national based on data . in: the. PEIS, PRC Registry of Professional- and TESDA Registry of Certified Workers;. . . 6. · Worked Without yal.ic,t AEP for more than a year; . or · ·. 7. ·~PP,liecltion for reinewal with gxpired visa or With temporary·visitor's visa (D.O. No: '186-17, Sec.
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.. Note; · E!(~cutive · primarily. directs , the, . : jnariaqement of the orqanization and receives Ground.s. for. Can.cellation/Re.vocati~h of AEP . only _general supervlslon pr direction; M;;mf:!.ger· . {No.rt-MSNl'-CTG} · · ._;' · ' ·. · -,primarily directs the· orqanlzation/ ~epaqmen:t( · · .- T.he :.Regional Director. may, -motu proprio·-or upon subdivision . arid · exerclses .: supervisory . and .· petiJi:p.n., cancel or- revoke an.AEP. after· due process, . control '·functions over other supervisory, . based.en any of the foiloWing g,rouhds: . . managerial . or . professional · staff; Specialist . 1. · Non~complianoe with ariy of the.reqinrements or .. · possesses knowledge at an advancedlevel ·of · ,.,.." conditionsfor whlch the,AEP was issued· . · . expertise.·. · · . . 2 .. ·. :~rsre~resen~ati_on· of fcicts. the: :1:1P_Piication· . . . .· . .· . .... /·Jbt/•:•i;,., . .including fraudulentmisrepresentatlon 1;e. false . 5. ·~ontractual ·Service supptlerwho is. a mana'.siW/ ;T;;t . · statement 'that · has ·a. ri~gative ertect in the -exe~µtive or. specialist and an employee .o.{ ·e':'.aluat}g:~?f1:he.applic;:,;1_ti?nmade knowingly, ~r '. . ·, ·. foreiqn · sesvlce S!fpplrer · -..yhich:: · ha_sj?'1JS(;j{.:/~)~~t~1!.~2W,J?,~}1ef m its. truth, or: recklessly whether it .. commercial presence in the Pl)iliPPilJ.~~Y·: : ·.is'tFue~_r>_lalse; :_. ·· . ··. . · . · · a,. Who enters _the Philippines !~!i-1:~rarily to·LJ4 ·, 3: .§ub!'l11~~1~~~f_fals_rf1ed.o~ tamper~d doc~ments; supply a service p~~su~nt ,P)l;~'~con!raj: 4. Mento~.OtKS~~bJect1on ·o~ mtorn:at~on_ against the :between his/her employe~~pd.lii\se·rvic~ . · .;, .' · empl_99'm~l'lt:~f ..thefore1gn nat_,onal;: consumer ii'.) lhe PhilippJp_,es; '.~)~'· ;c-, ht) ._5. F~re)$.f~ · ~at1~al has -~een ~onvicted of a b. Must poss.~ss the. aRpi;~~riate5:~Qucation·a1'\ 1-til,. · cn~tial_otfens~or-a fugitive fr.om jusJice; . and professional qualiti~atiorrsn!P
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Application for new or ·. · ·- . · . ·· . .. .· . . . : · · . ' · ·
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r¢n~"Val ·of ~I;> An ·application. for: AEP. or renewal thereof may ·be qenied . ori. ahy .of thii following· grounds: (M'ScG~ AWE): .. · ·. . . . 1'. · Misrepresentation ·Of facts io the ··application · includfng fraud\Jlen~ rrifsrepresentation t:e. false. st;a~ement .· that has r,egative effect "in the evaluation of th~f.application i:nade knowingty; Or'· without belief in its truth, or recklessly whetner it is tru~ or false; · · 2 ... ~ubmi~sl.on of falsified·docl!rnehts; ·3; £onviction to a·criminal pff~rise·or fu"gitiv.efrom justic_:e iri the, coi.mt_ryor abroad;
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· Convictfon '·: of . criminal 1 O. ye;ars . offense . or fugitive . from .·· > . 'justice; or . . .. . . - . &ave 'rnisto~duct dealing .. with' ·. . treatment ofworker~r
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Misrepreseritatio~ of tacts- 5 year~ submission .of fals'ified · · documents with .intent tci decefve; conceal or omit to state material facts (D.9. No. 186.~17,.Sec. 14). ·
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~019 $AN SEDA LAW
CENTRAllZED BAR. OPERATIONS I
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Note: .The emplcyer, .or.. the employer's 'or. foreiqn national's representatives and/or agents found to have filed a· fraudulent applicationfor AEP .for three (3) counts shall be barred from filing ~pplication for a period.offive.'(5) years (f2.0; No, 186-17, Sec. 15).:
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DltVELOPME'NT . TITLE O~E: . NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT .PROGRAllil
ApplicatjQh for AEP.. . · · · .' . . All applications for AEP shall .be filed.and proces~ed at the DOLE.Regional Office or Field Office having· jwisdicti'b[I over .the intended place otwork (D.0: 186-17, sec. 5(a)). ·
M.AN .. POWl;R
CHAPTER. I. NATIONAL .. POLICIES .. AND. ADMINISTRATIVE MACHtNERY FOR TtJEIR · IMPl,:.EME,NTATION .
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: . The f~iJowing ate''th~ -speclal.qroups of :empioyees··. - tinder Tme II of Book II orthe: Labor; Code:' •.. · .~ . : . 1: P..pprentlce; . · ' · .. · ·· · · 2, .. Leamer; and . : 3... ·fiandi~J?PE:d.. -.·.. ·N~tei For. o.th.e~ specii~I g:r~ups:of. ernplcyees i.e .. women, minors, househelpers, homeworkers and' night workers; refer .te !he oisc;i.Jssio~ of. Special Groups Q.f.Einployees under Special Laws. . . ·. . (For Jobstert Trainee, -refef_
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Jobstert under . Philippines-Act . . . .·. $pecial.Lews).
26
2019.SAN~EDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAA OPERATIONS_
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- LA.BOR STAN,DAROS a
. SAN'B.EDAl.(IW.CE:N~l/ZED
··. ARTICL~.5'7;.STATEME;NT·OF OBJECT.IVES FOR THI; TRAINING-AND EMPLOYM.ENT OF SPECIAL WORKERS·. · .. Objectives:·fDNA) 1,.. To· h~lp meet th!3 Qemand of the economy 'for trained. manpower; · · · · · '· 2. To establish a ~atlonal appr!:)nticeship program -through .the .p,ar:licipation ·of employers, workers, and'goyernment ;:ind non-government agencies; . 3. To establish. Apprenticeship standards for· the· pr;otection:'ofa'pprei1ti6es(t:ABdR C_b'DE, Art.. 57).· .. : . ARTICL:E. sa. DEFIN.ITION OF TERMS. Apprentlceshlp is· a practical trairying . .on the Job supplemented . by .retateo ·. theoretical ·· instruction (LAB.OR . C_O,DE, Art;_ 58(a)).: ·~ . · . · ., . . . . : ·. ,:. ..
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CHAPTER I: APPRENTICES
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~~p~&~tice l;_-~a p'e;so.n u~~e~boing. tr~i~ing:f~r,~,m-:.;ff~.· ARTICLE 60; EMPLOYME;NT.OF AP~RENTICES approved . apprentlceable ·, occupation ·during/ an!/ .... , Qualifications of E;mployer.·of Apprentices:: . .. . established period assured by -an apprentice~li!i{ :·; ;f\-1 j. S)nly employers. in highly. technical . lndirstnes.. · a9ree;m~nr(R,A No.' 7796; Sec. 4, par. (k)).: · ':i.., . -~.,.maye~pJpYapprentlcesj " :
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~ppr~~ti.ce~~I~ . <;>c~up~ti~~n .is · an ~oci9tl'~~io~~/{f" _officially endorsed by a tripartite .body,1.1Jd"apptove(J{!.,..,.J1· -for ~ppre~tlcesbip. by ..:rESDA (R.A: N,
lndustrles ar¢: -triose . 'trade, b.J;is'q;iess,:: enterprise- industry•. .or other a_ctivitY,{~1~.pare en~aged i_n the _applicc1tionof advariee~Jte~nol~gy_(JRRo~La.bo:.Cocf.e,}ook .. 11, Ru.Te Se';;. 2(j))., . ·. · . · ., . ·
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·.t:j; ... · v.i r.,otedt,is:~o _longerihe. Secr e~i;¥·ot\i'b~r . t:>u! t.l;l'f\ /.1 . IL .J~:l __· .. -_ · . ·:: . ·TESDA'w~1ch approves appr.~i1ce._abl€gc1:tjpa_tib_fJ,S., · (.(~ .2. ~~.i:,?.~·!~''1'~$Pte'n. ticeable · occupations · ·a_~)RA.No:7796'. Sec -, p.ar.. ·(m}{\...-..__,:t-~p1.:;f ~·~1:: ht . _ '.dete.fl1lt!l~.t>y·:.Tl=~PA.' _(LABOR . ,C.ODE· as · '.: ... ·· ·· .... ·. ,. "'.!'.:-·-'"~.;\ f·:. f4 .amenqeq_by_E,.O.No.1.11,Arl ..($0).. .
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1ail Appre11ti,ceshi_~ Ag~ee_mer.it: 1~ · ·.~emJ?,Jqyrne~t . !f>.r~ . : .. ·· . , . . .· ... · ·. , . -· ~· · con~ract V.:h.erem,th.~·e!'Jlplo~er_ bm.tj~ h\gi~,t;iJM.otra112__ ,1.,:~-~t:,R~~l~!~S....;~'?r:ValldAppre,:1t1ce~h1p: (QuESAP). ::;. the.app_rent!c~.a.ndthe_apprent1ce 10 tufifi.:J~cepJ~~tre--•L..LW!l:Q1:1ahfic~t1ons. of apprent1_c~sh1p are met; . · :.; ·terms.oftra1mng(RA. No. 7796, ..S.ec.. '4:jip_ar.. 1[0)l . 2. Apprentice .J;ams ·np~ 1.ess than .75%_' of. the_ pres~ribed mlriimµm_'.salary_ ..(/RR. of:the. lab.or .. It 1s also :a· contract .wherein a ·prospective. employer . . C.od1:t, Book'//, Rule:VI,: Seo, 2Q); ·= · · . ·. · \ ,;:_:,: .. -bi11.ds· hii:nself-tq· -1r~in ·.the. apprentjce who ·i~:tum 3. · Apprepticeship agreement duly exscuted -and t . accepts. the .. terins of~ training for ~·,' recognized . : .· . .§igned;· . • . . ·. . . ', ·. . ·. ~-' - ... a·ppr_e!'lllce.able occupation emphasizing. ·the righ,ts; :- 4:" Apprenticeship.·program ~us.t_~ej~pproved by . C · duties·...and respqnsibilities of eaci, party.-(R.A, No. 001:.E (now TESDA); ott:ierwi~e. the appr~ntice ·. '7796,'Sec4{1)): .. ,· .. . · . ·, ~-shall·:b~ .d~emed.,,a:· regular. erhployee '(Nitto · ·.:, .·· · ··Enterprises. v. :·NLRC, ·G.R. · ·No: 1-14337, O~-the-j~b training, is practical work. exp.erierice · . · · Septfimber29,..'19'95}; and . .. f.:" ·.. through ·. acti:iaf . participation in. ·. the: : produdiye 5. ~elj.Q.d of: apprentice~hip shall· not .exceed 6 aciiyitie.i. given:to or .acquired by an ·apprentice· (IRR months -~/RR i;,r Labor: c_o'd~;,_Book.11,.·.·~u!e· vr, ·ofLal:Jo.r'Cofl.e, Bo9k II, Rul.e v,;. Sec: 2(h)): . Sec. 19). . ... . . . . . .· , ...
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2. Physii::ally fit tor the occupation in whi<;:h he . de.sires ~o be trained; . ·, Note: Total physical fitness in'·not required of an .. . .apprentice-applicant unless it.is essential to the .expeditious • and effective ' ·,earning -qt the · occup:ation. Only· physical . dete.cts, · which . constitute 'real, im~diments · "to th·e effec.tive . performance-;' . as .·aetermfned 'by 'the . plant apprenticeship comr:nittee;, may· dJsq~alify and . : · applicant' (/RR of Labat: Co
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OF .. . ,:lJie following .are the _qualifications pf an ;apprentic.~: (15-PAC)' .. ·. . . · . · . ,. · ·· ·. · · . ~. · Ade.as!fifteenJ1.fil years. cif ag~; provided tha~ if below eighteen-· (18) year&, ··he· shall not be. eligil;>le :for haZardous . occupation (R.A. {'lo. .7610, Sec, 12); · · · : · · · .. ·. : •·
~ . ~ot~: .At -the temiinatibn' of ·the. ~p~r~n~iteship, .'the:employer· ls :n.ot i-(3guir~..d :to· c;bntiiiue·: th!;) emr>loyment. The participatirig. enterprise has· tne'opti~m· to-hire _the ~pprentice, even prior to· . the : com'pietion of the apprenticeship peri'od (TES.DA Circular:No:·16~04). : ·.. : ... · ·· ·· · ~ ·
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SAN BEDA LAW CENTRACIZEOBAR OPERATIONS - MEMORY AIQ 2019 •
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There is no valid apf?rentfoesh.ip"if: (AWW-6) . . 1." The ~greement submftted to TESD.i\ was made long · after the . workers started · undergoing . apprenticeship; · ·· · 2. The Work perfqrmed by the .apprentice was di"fferent · from . tho~e · allegedly . approved · by .TESDA; . . . 3... The· Workers ·ur:idergoing appren.ticestiip are alrecidy sk"ille"d work.ers; .and · · 4 ..- Th~·. workers w_ere ·require~ to . continue · undergoing the a_pprenticestiipbey.pnd_§ months (Atlanta Industries,· Inc: V, ·Sebb/inp, G.S:. No. · 1 f37320, Jitnuary-26,· 2011). · · ·
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overtjm~ work is. duly credited toward. his training . ·time (/RR (he l,.abor. Code, Boo!< II, Rule VI,· Sec. 20). .
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ARTICLE ij2:· S.IGNING. OF APPRENTICESHIP · AG'ij,EEMeNT . ,. . . Appr.enticeship agreem.ent is signed ~y: · .1. ·.. Appr~ntice, if-of age, otherwise: a. .By. his paret:"'lt or guardian; or - · b, In the latter's . absence; -by ari authorized . · ,: · represent~tive.of TESDA; and · . 2. E:mployer:or his ~uly ~uthorized represent~tive . . (Lf,/3.QR CODE,Art.. ~2). ' . . . . .
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. Number· of:.~Apprentice~ . to be. l)~ken·: in by. ·. · Defective Contract Companies· . · · . · . . . · It'the agree_m'~"ntis. found to be detective and serious · A participating enterprlse.shall. be allowed totake m: . · : d~rnage would-be sustained by either party if-such a · 'apprentices only up to a maximum ·20% of ·its total . · . .d!3fe~t Is - not corrected., the DOLE-Tl;S DA shall · reqularworkfotce (TESDA Circular No.-16._04). >~,,,:>=-=.~dvise·the employer "'{ilhin Jive (5) working days not yj,pl~ttienf the" agreement pending .amendment ARTICLE. 61; CONTENTS OF AP~~~l_JSHIP _':,-~- }~i_l~t'(~._tLah.orCode, ~ook_ II, Rule VI, Sec.
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The Apprenticeship, Agreement sliaU· mC\jJd~{FB· . · · . -~,,~~ Jf:,\'~;. . THo.~_SWaP·C) .. . 1'.·.-"''"___.,.....".f"~->P.Rl:l~,l~~"'~1·. '{~UE OF APPRENTICESHIP. 1. full name and address.f_Q1l'-t~~· co9fracti~9. "").( ·loROG~Afltf~ .if"~ \, . · . , parties; . "V / .. ·. ff . · · .:f' ~ ,±.\ .. Witliin · th\ ~!;pons-9ring. firm, establishment, or ,2. Dateof .!;!irth of the apprentice; J -, r, ·. . l\l", e11Jiti; o_r_ \ ( J}\ · · - ' 3. Nam_7 ~f Ir~de, occup~Ji~lp'J"r.;Jot?inj?nicff~!!~·--~ir-~~~fl~ D'Rl;'..~~alniog -center or .other public · apprentice shall be tr~,n~d-~afld th~,~ate~it~Jillii·S...4~tramJngmst1tut1orn;j;fpr .. which · · such . training ~ wiJl:.d &egin nd :: _>Ml~"iii"Ul~i,:;.):n:;i · IDi~~r frainin~J1;1<-tr~9~'fundam~ptalsfn a training approxi_mately en?; ~42:)~ ~ . '!_:" .· ~ ~f:it!?"lor her_ ~']t>ti_tut_io~_s_with . subsequ?nt_ 4 .. · A~p~ox1m~te _number if~~Fi~ ·o .~J. ·];.",~· a,~ aGy$o~ plar.t1~~ation ~1thm the spons~~rig trammg·w1th_compulsoF-y,.tneor'ef1caLJ 19 )~....«;>~/.; ,rD;lf ~.@!Y d~l)g-the flnal-staqe oftraininq which the .apprentice sh~ll undit~o 't:A1i{ORJ.!9-P.E, 63) ..
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5. ~~~;~~'.1~ .. of_ th~ w~rk \'.R[ocesl~¥~0~~«~ ·. SPO~SORIN"G · . · OFc tradE!/?cc,uP.at1on 1~ w.h1c~ . the\appreptfc~~~_11-L~1'J.l.~P.EN1'~SJ,;IIP PROGRA~S · . . be tra1~ed?.nd the approx1ma~e.~~e-t~:M,spgn1i•~~-,i<~\~.:/~/i>;1' -:.. · . . . .'. .. . on the J_ob m·each ·process; ·. . . -~~- ·:v l~p:p~~.iit!,S,e'Sh1p _Programs ·shall. be. Undertakeo · 6, G_radoated scale of Wages-}9 b_e: ·pafci;;,tQ.,.Jhe _,._\.1Llo~Sg.otj'sored by: .. : .- . ·,;: . · · . ·· . . .. . .. apprel)tiqe; . . . . ' . : ~""--"""'1,"'7"Theplalit,.-shop_9r prerriises of tbe employer or -7.' Erobationa_r~ p~riod. 9{ th~. apprent(ce · _during ·. : · · ··. . - finn ..concerned jf.the: apprentices~ip progra.m is . :: whJch eithe(party ma"y summarily te.r("flinateth_eir · otganfzed by ar:i i"ndi.vidual employer or firm; · . : ..agreems_e' by the .orgar:iizer:_of . ·.···his training .obligation.· he"·mc;1y· transfec-"the. the program.ifsuch . organizer·is an ass6ciiition .· agreement, with the·_cotisen:t of-the_ apprer_itice., . · of empioyers.:civi~group and th'l3·li~e';· . · ... ·. · to a·ny other. emplqy~r:wh6..ii, williritf fo:as·sume . 3"•. ·DOLE; Training. Cent.er or other· public training such obligation (fRR-.of:theLabiir:Code, · ~dok II, . . · · · instituti<,ms with which ·1ESDA has made'. the . ·Rule.YI,· Bfic. 1·8). . · - : . . .. appropriiite· arrc;1ngements · (/RR of the Labor · · · . , . . qoae, Book.II, Rule VI;Se<:::,!#}.· · .. The ,working hours ~f appfen.tices shai! not.exceed. · -the maximum huir\_ber. of:.hours prescribed b.y law; if . OF · A~,:1~'-:_E ~5-61: . YIOLATION any·, fn may be initiated upi;m ._may be reque"sted by ),is e"mployerto work ·o~ertime · complaint of any. intere~Jed.p~rson or upon·:-oOLE's· ·and ··paid accordingly, pro'vid'ed 'there are r.io · own i~"itiative .(LA{30.RCODE,Art .. 65). . · · available regufar wprkers to _do tlw jo.b, and the· .
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2019 SAN BEDA LA\/1( CENTRALIZED BAROPl;:RAf.lOt'lS·
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·,. ~. ··: ... Valid Causes ft>r Termin~tlon ~f-Agreemerit %{-, 1: By"the employer; (PAW~PET) . . · . : . }fr° a. P~pr · fhysical · condition, . permanent .(, . dis~bility · · or proJonged illness- .. which ~;--'. 'incapacltles the apprentice from worklnq; f(:: . b. · Habitual 8b_sent¢elsm _rn on_-!he-job training ~:-..; and relatedtbeoretlcal mstructtons; . . ~· c. ·· Willful dlsobedlence of. company rules or ~ ·;. insi.Jbord!~~tion to la_wful orqer of a su·~e_rior;· d. ~oor.effic1ency or performance on the JOb or 6, . in the classroom ,for a prolonged perfod · despit~ 'warnlnqs," quly" ""gJ\ien- _to . 'the ~apprentice]. . · . ·. . · . e. J;,ng~_ging in violence or other forms of gr~ss misc~hduct ·. inside . .that . · _employer's .premises; and .. . . .. . . f, ·Iheft or- mallclous destructlori of company · property and/or equipment (JRR of Labor . !f: -Code,Book II, Rule VI, Sec, 25).· :· · .
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ARTICLE 69: RESPONSIBILITY ·. FOR · · THEORETICAL INSTRtJCTION , . . .Related· theoretica_l instructions. t~. apprentice~ may· be unde.rtaken by the employer if he. has, adequat~. facilities and qti~lifil;?d instructors for the .p·urpose. He shall · indicate his ·intention to assume -such responsibflity in the apP.renticeship standard ·ofhis program (!RR of the.Labor Code, Book .fl, Rule· VI; Sec. 27): ·. ·
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-ARTICLE 70; . VOLUrilTA.RY .. ORGNIZATION OF APPRE.NTICE$HW PROGRAMS· . . . . . ' 'Genera!: ~1.:1le: The organization of apprenticeship · .·. prog·ram shall'be pril!larily a volunta_ry uhdertaking.of . employers (LABOR CODE, Art: .7'0). · · . ··. ·
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~xceptions: . . . Compulsory apprenttceshlp . -. . .-··1. "Where "the 'services of foreign technicians are . · · ·. · ·. . :· · . : . · · . /~ . ··utilized· by prtvste companies .in aoorenuceable 2.· : By the appi:_entice·:.:_(SBC-~eP) · · . · ,,.,/~'./j:r' traces,' said companies are· required. to set up .: Substandard . OF . deleterious·.· Wofk1ril;h,j:~•l\ appropriate apprenticeship programs (LAF.;JO~ . . ·-. conditi.~ns within_ t~e ~nip.t~y.er's pre~isf1~it-: CODE,.Art. 70).. . . . . . . . .. . . I;>. ~.:Id hea)th ?r ~onll,nulng.tUnes.s; . Ji: , .:. .:_. "S·-2:_ · Wheh. !;lfc!Ve. national ernerqencles, p.articularly
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?· f:;i~yi; o~:~r~u::~~~9i~~~=t~e~\Jfth!\J.If!,,· ·;~~~~f~;~l~.i~~q~~;:~Znl~'. the~tate~~~~~~~ ~-- ~ep_e~ted y1ola~1ons _by·_th_e ei;rypjciyer ?f th?fl:--,.~ d_evelo1~p]~Qtso·dem_arid, th';) Secretary of labor . t~rms -of the apprenhce~h1~ a_9,r,~~~nt;_a~--:-f.l.. . may re{orr,fi;lend the.Pre_sident of the Philippines . e. · f~r~onal proble,:nhs :~1h(c~ 1~t!),e..-F.!~!flo1l of. · the c<;,ltlp~ls&jy·training of apprentices in certai.n :_. th_e_ appre~!ic~ ·. s a ~.~~:tent_ h_1W~1~m· ~ ·- · ~--\. trades, o~up~_tions,jobs,:or ~mp!6yment levels ·. -~~t1sfacto.rY:Perforyna1:.1r~Pf..hL~'!~b. (IRR 1::''.J · whe,i~ sh9rtag~;of trained manpo~er-is i:feemed.. · . L~bor-Coc;fe, Book II, ~'!/1. ·;,J ·. ,cf.ft~?,';{~!3,'rE(~LaborCo~e, ~OQ~ JI, R_µ~~VI, .. . . . . ~-~ Fi,:-. ., " .,, .• i Sec.'.4':1,J:.:.,..,.,__. . .
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-~~!d:~;si9~ of an.au.th~riz~d ag:~iiftthi\Q?I,.~:· ((.,.A~TIC.LE 71: DED~C~A-BIL;~Y ,OF·: TRAIN;NG . may be appealed to t~e :Sec~etary of{~ab~()._w1th1r:i },,,~>c
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The·-decision of the :secretary cii'Lahot~b~~:b"eYi'nai . : of the v~lu~, of labor fraini_n~r ·expenses i~~tirred for and executory (LABOR.CQD£,·Art:· 66)'. ~--.=1~"~-i.i, .. · ..d~yelop!ng : the _-·pmdurentic"eship -agreement _or . Requisites' fc;>r ·Dedu~tibiiity of "Trainir1g ··costs: damages for br.~ach "of ~ny .s.uch" agreememt unless . :co1op.) · · · · . · · · . '· · h.e: h.;:i~ ,~xh_austed . all ··avallable_ · .adri'iinist_r~tiye . ' · 1. ·. Appreriticest:iip program must· .. be · Quly remedies"(LABQR 90DE,Art:"67): ·· · . : ·· t• ·•··••• ~ · recognized by"t.he DOLE;·.. · · ·· · · -The·~1a_rirapprenticeshiP committee sh~ll h~ve·1nma• ·2. Deduction shali npt exceed tefl (.1fil % of." ijirect . responsibility for ·settling :-dlffe.rer'lces .aris!rig out'-of · .. labor wag.e; and . . . . . apprenticeship agr~ements VRR o~ the Labar Code,. 3. ···!::mployer i'),usr_~ay the minimum ·wage· (LAB.OR . Book II, R_ule VI, Seo, 34, .Par. (b)); · . · . . . · ' .. . CODE, Art·. · . · .. ·. · · . .. ' .. . .. ·... . ~ . 71), . .: . ·· . A~TICLE·68:· APTITUDE ·TESTS'·.. . ·. . :·_ART_IC,i..E .72: . ." APPRENTICES WITHOUT Ari. employer wh6· has· a recogritzed .appr~n_ticeship'.COM.P.ENSATION ·. . .. program shalr provf~e ·aptitude" fests:to_ apprenticeApprentices may be· hired ·without cornpensa"tjon ' applicants (~BOR CD_DE;Art. 68). wher~ on-the-job t_ra_ining if: (GB) . · . . ·1 •. Required by . the. ~ChQol/training pl'bgram or Note: .However, .if the employer does no( have curriculum ·as .a requlsite for·Q~aduation; or adequate facilities,: "the DOLE may ·provide the. 2. A requisite. _for .§.®"td · examination (IRR of the service .free-qf charge (!RR-of Lal:i6f. Code, Book II,· Labor. Code, Book //, Rule VI, Sec. 40). 'Rule .vi, _Sec. ·12)."· · ·
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2019 SAN SEDA l..fl:.W CENTRALIZED·.BAR OPERATIONS- I . 29
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BAR OP£8ATIONS-: MEMORY AID 2019
Approval . and · Cancellati'on · of
CHAPTER II: LEARNERS··
Program .ARTICLE. 73: LEARNERS DEFINED
Learne.rship Agre·~~~ntis the .contract entered into between the- employer and ttie · .learner . (LABOR
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program must · be . .subrnitted to ·the Apprenticeship Division ofthe DOLE Regional Office · · concerned for approval. Under R:A. .-Noi 77~6, the · . program must 'be . approved by .: TESDA. · The ·secretary of Labor may cancel· ·any· -leamership · progr.am if, . upon inquiry, it· is found that the. justification of .the program nolonqer exists (!RR.of the Labor.Code, Book II; Ruie Vil, Secs:· 3 end 7). ( . ARTICLE,76: LEARNER~ !N- P.IECEVV,ORK .: Learners · jri piecework or incentive-rate jobs are to bepaid in full for the. workdone during the training period (LAB
Learners are· persons ' hired. as, trainees in semi. · skille,9 -and other industrial .occupatlons :Which are · . non-apprentlceable and. 'which· may be·· learned · throuqri practical . .training ,on the job in a. relatively short-period of time which shall NOT exceed. three. (3) months (LA!30R CQOE, Art. 73).. .
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Note.:· the··employer is 'compelled continue. . · the ·em.ploymeht . of the ' le~m,e~ : after. the termiri.atiori 'of the· agreernen.t. (DUKA,· supra. ,# · 10~). · · .. · .. . . · .:Note: A learner who has worked ~~Ii!'.19 'the first two . ··. (2) months -shall, be deemed a re.gular employee ·.jf · · training is termmated PY the employer before the end ·of the stlpulated period throuqh ho fault of the.learner :(iRR-o(the Labor.Code., Book II, Rule VII,- Sei;. 4).
...· .· . . prevent curtailment . · employment . .
30 I ·20~9 SAN BEOA LAW CENTRALIZED .BAR O~ERA TIONS
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Labor HandicappedWorker und~r Code. ' · · 72,77 as amended 0
Law does· not provide At least fifteen (1.5) ,years for . . qualification . or of age; . . . . learners Possess vocc;itional aptit~de. and capadty'.'ior appropriate test;. ·.. ' · Possess · · -th:e .· · 13biiity to . comprehend;·.and :'follow writtE!n instructions; .(Ait. .59)c . Ph'ysic;:ally··,.:m . for . the occupation ·
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Those earning Those. sJffering · ·fro'm capacity is'ilT!paired by res_triction ·. or diff~rent age or physical or 9isabilities; .as a· r¢sult of a mental deficiem:::y' or inent;,il.phy~1¢al or jnjury, dis·ease, . oi' senso'ry irnpalrmerj~. ·. .to ill1:1e'ss.. . perform ari 'actiyity in th.e ·mann~r or withi_(l the range conside_i;e9 normal for human being.
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(1 AZUCENA, supra·ai 155). . . •· . : . · .; ~~:,;:} . l~p~irment is 'any joss, dimin4tion.or aberration of Note.: Learnership and appr~~ticesh1~ are Slf!)l~~f,,;-,.,!.\ psychological, physloloqlcator anatomical structure. because th_ey bothmean tra1mng periods for JH.P,~,t::·~~.~ or function (R.A.•No. 7277 esemended, Sec. 4(b)). reguiriilg skjlls that can be acquired :through"aq_tti~l~:'r.)j11.lnlm_ur~t>,4 · indiyidLt~JCO~cJ:ctiyiti~~of ~u9h lndivldual; · .. w.age (Id.). · . . , · ·. . )f~t,~:::d. -*' i . .A.r~99fc:I.~f ~}.lch·an impairment; ()f.: .... · ... . · . : . ··· . . ->;'?~ <',..,:= · · ,ti 3. · · Bein97.re.g,a~~~Qas having such. an impairment .ARTl,;;f_'":. . ;;.~ f_/\ (R,A//No.f27lasame.nded,.-Sec. 4(c)):_· . . Any· v1~1atio:n of the prov1s1,;,r(s?rtxt~~Y~P:gterw,a.11_ • · h, · . ,,,J;,. ..i,\j:~l~::;r ·: · · : .· . , . . . · . be subject to.the general p_en,elty,.i;;ta~~~'.ov1~ , !°Ja!1~i'cclp1·~E;!~rs,fJe·'a d1sadv.an_tage_ f9r a _given . under t~: Code (LABOR CODE,,~t:f- 7J,J.::·)7\ ·.. 'jt 1~d1v19~al;-:-:4res~lfi~g .from .an: 1mpa1rm~n~:; or a Y d1~;:i.b1_hty that hr1?1ts· or prevents, the func~1pn. or :C...AP_TER Ill: HANDICAPPED; .J,;,,~}1f!~}.tx.that.i~.~hsidered_ normal given the. age and. .. . . .·· . . . · ..,,l:('.~. ·;~~-=-:a.:~~··.-·:s~X.-fil~~nd1v1dual (R.A. No. 7277 ?.S amended, N_ot~.= The ~agna· Carta.torDlsabted ~rso11~J~;ft". ~-· Sec'.-.4(d)). · - . . . · · .. • .· · 7277, as ·~me11~ed ·bY.R;f-· !'Jo. Q_442 a!tt1.ff-}·No. ·.. .·. . . : _ : . · . ... . . . . . · -. . . . . 10070) governs· the nghts·. and .pnv.i~g.es of ARTICLE 79:· .WHEN.' IS :.A HANDICAPPED .· hilnd.ieappedworkers. . . WORKE~EMPLOY.ABLI;/ · · . ··:. . .. . . . . . Art. 7~ .qf.the:Labor Q9.de. t,as bee.rr supei'secled'by · Appiic~,!:)ility of t~e Mag'na Carta for Persoris·.w1th .· R.A. !?-77 ~s· ~mended: . . .. · Disabilities . . · · .. . . R.A. No. 7277. is applicable to those persons- with . . : TM.noble Qbjecti~~{ofth~ Magna y~rta of Dis~ble9 disability who·'are Filfpll'lq citizens {R.A:· No. 7277. as · Persons are not. . based. : merely .. qn charity' or arnen.cff!rj, Se_c. 3).. · · _ . · ' ·,accommc;i<;fatiori;·.b.ut on. justice·_and:eqo~I tr.e,atment qualified' employ\:)eS, disat>led or . A~t. After the .· A.RTIGLE 78c· DEFINITION . .. _ d.isabled·employees haw shown their· fitness for the · · · t{andicapp.ed· Workers are those.· ~t:io,se · ~aming. . woi:k assigned to t~em, they should be· t_rec;!ted.ahd · capacity is· irn paired by· age or physic~1 or mental granted . the. sam·e .rights .like· any .other regul.ar defiCiE!ncy _or':. -ii'ij1,u'y,. di seas~. · or .·illn~s·s ·.(LABOR . ernployees. (Bernarr}o· v, NlRC;·~. R. N<:- ·f:?291_ 7,· · July·12; 1999). ~ · · · . CODE,Art.. 'ta;:· ·. . -< ·, · ·~. . : •· · · . . . - .
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,., · Qu~llfled. l,:tdi'l,'.idual ~ith Di;ablllty j~. a,n 'i~dividuai .· with a. disability who, with. or witliol:it reason,able acc·ommodatlons,.. Cafl perform.. th_e··, -~~§~fl.tia.f,,.. functions cif ·the· employment· positic,n ·. tt:i.ar· ~uc;:_~~! ;'::< · individual holds · or desires. (R.A. · NQi . 1i/!T 11.~;·;\t~
Persons with . bisabiiitles (PWDs) are . those . ' SUfferfng''Jrom' restriction . or different abiliti~s, c!S. a ,' resu'lto( a. rr.ienfal, _physical or sensory imp_ai,:m~nt, to pertor1T1 an activity in tt)e· manner or ~l~ln the. · range.'c'onsider:ed 'normal for ·a human _bemg. (R.A. No. 7277,...E>ec. 2).. · ·
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. LAB.O.R ST.ANDAR.DS · SAN OEDA LAW CENTRALIZED8.AR OPERATIONS .:·MEMORY Al/? 2019
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Note.: Considerc;1ti.on shall be given to.t.h~ employer's judgment as.to what functions of a jQb ar~ essential. If .an employer has prepare~ a· written . description . before advertising or int~rviewihg:applicants for the job,-this de~~r_iption shall be:corisiderec;i as evidence of the essentfal functions of lhe job.(R./t .No: .7277. as amended,.Sec. 4(1)). . -· · ·
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Persons with disabilities sh~II be el,igible as .apprentlcee . or learners: provided, that their handicap-is not as much asto effectively impede the performance· of job operations . in the particular occupation for which they are· hired;. -Provlded, further, that. after the· tepse of the. period of apprenticeship, if found satisfactoryln the job performance, they shall be eligible for employment (R.A No. 1277.as amended, Sec;.'
ARTfCLE SO: · EMPLO'(MEN,: · AGREEI\IIEtff CQNTE:NT~ . . . . . 5). . Gontents of. Employm.imt . · Agreement= · of . , . handicapped'workers; (NR-ND)· · ·, :· ·. 3. N9n-Dis~riminc1tiori on Employmen( f' TheNames and addressesof toe employer and · ·. No entity, whether. public· or . prfvate.. shall the h°'iirid(capped worker; . . discrlmlnate a!!Jainst s;I qualified.disabled person The Rate of pay of the handicapped· worker _ . b_y: .reason .of . disability in ·regard .· to the job ·. 'whtch~hall not· be lessthan the legal rnlnimum · · .. appucation procedures, the hiring, promotion, or . wage; . . . . . . : discharge . :' of . . employees, • employee ·3, ,The Nature of tlie(work tobe performed by the compensation, job training, ahd other terms, · handicapped person; and. . . ;. . . · · . ~·-""~;-;.;=--...::,;cciriditiQf!S,and .privileges.of.employment (RA · 4 .. The·. Quration ..of .. the e.mployme~! .. 1 _-1- ;\ Sec. ~2/ · . . .. · '(JODEE, Art'. [JO). ·. . . · . · ,,j!:':_ · ~, \\.._.; j . \ . _'N~::,Z~77.?sam·ended, tf i.,. ·,-.,._ · , . . . . • . . •• · . . -, .
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Employmenr .. agreement ::shal!,,,.fb.e to . · . · '4:~;~WJ9,;.~l)..all1mpl.ementmeasures·pr.oviding i.nspec!!on by · tt,e· Se'?re~ary. d.ffL§l:l~i.oji~h.~,.,eufr=;ii_..,,~a.0,,~~~~lu'attn~r . vocatlo~al gujdanc~·.. and · · au_thonzed repre.sentabve.(/R~{o_t;;~~q~o~,Boq~ ,~., co.u~s~h{'Q,.:Jl'.?)1,.n.able. d1s~~le~ . persons .• to II, Ru[e VII(, Sec. Jr. Jjl~ A~. s~~~f.~·. ~t~'lf!. cm~ a~an~~ .m. eml?lo.~.e~t It . 1. . // • • __ • _.--~~allA en.sll[.(jli)\ava1lab~hty: and =t~13,1n.lng -ot Proof for Entitlement to Piivilege,~· · t'° . coun.selors~:and __ptoer ·.Suttably qllahfied staff The following are re.quire .to:i>~.submitled:""~"'-· l'Ji)g,"t'esp/msif:!le ~iottb~ vocational · gui9a'nce -and 1. 1.de'ntification··card iss e!=J.,.-sf the. ri\~yor (;_~~ \J'B,'co.u,rs·elingJk!isjw,0. persons:(R.A.No. 72!7 barangay · captain whe~~\f4'n~:~is115f~J\persqh~-:::,-.,2" as pf}jji]?l'deqJ S{3c: 1.1 'd . \ . 11 -,,,Ci~, ;1 !-,!; ,, I res,_ es; . · .. ,,.. :?.:, '-~· :::mi I 1 '!1'lt /'15':"' If·~"}) . · . · · · · 2. 'Passport; or · .. · · , \\V : \ ... CJo_~_'\!wirul-: 4,:5~: .. «s~dPP.Ortun~~for Erriploym~~t .. 3. Transportation discounf1:~fai:~ . !D iss~~ ·' ~b$':'.t'· -..:s,:.~-~b,.;d'isabiifd pers ·. n shall. be denied acce~s to Natit?,n.al ,Coun~I for the :~elfar~gf· D!sff:j~,J~~~.'pp~~ities Jo~_ uitabl~ em,ploY;ment._ Qualified . Persons (NCWDR) (f!..A: No~~77'fl~c!JJ1~Qod1ed person (RA. No. 7~7.7as am.ende,~, 1, - Vocational ,Behab1hJat1on . .. . : . . . . . Sec. 5). · · ·· Consist~lit with principie of ~qual oppo.rtunjty · . . · .for disable.d workers :anc;:I workers in. gen13ral; fhi3 6. ~heJtered Empl9ym~~f .' . . . . .: · State . shall · ·take 'the· appro"J:iriate . vocational · If' suitable·, emploY.m.ent ,fot ·. disabled . :persons . rehab'flitation. measu'res thal .. stiall serv.e to . cannot .be fol,lild: thr~ugh. o·p~ti ~mpl~yn,~nt, the develop '•the .skills 'and'"pQ,tentials ·pt 'dis.~bled. . . State shall. endeavor to prpvide it bY m~ans' of .persoris.EI.Od ehable:lhem t9 com~te.favor~b_ly sheltered. employ'01ent .(R:A:: No.. 7277· as· . .for ·,avi:j(lable. productive and .. remunerative. amer;,ded, Sec. . eniploymeht. opporh.initi~s: in the' !abbr market ;., .'S-helter~d.Eri:lp!oyme-~t refers t~ th~'provi~ion of . (R.'A. No. ]2?7.'as amendec{ Se~; 9).. · . - · . .. . . . .:. :. : · · · .pro_ductive·wbrk tor. di~·abiec(persons .throu·gt:i, 2: Eligibility·f~r 8pprenticeshi.p . . . . W.qrkshop's· prbvidihg .· sp.~cial' facilities, incorrieHandicappecf. w9rker$ .2fre · ..eligible· · ·=tor . producing P!Oject~ or h9ma_wot!< schem'es with a ·.. e'niployment..-as apprentices or learn'e,:s if'their . . .. , ·view .of giving the~·the·opportlinity to. earn .a· :handicap:is not such as to effectively impedtf the . . livir_i~ thus en.abl)ng:them' to acquire: a worl<jng' .. Jjerformance. of job operations in the particular . capacity, requjre~ in o~n.:lhdusfry (R.~. No.· · · trade or occupaUon; which i's the $ubjecf a(the . 727..7 as amen~ed, S{3c•.. 4(i)). · " · .~pprenticeship 9r fearne'iship program (LABO.R COOE~ Art.· [}1). . . '
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LA.BOR STAN:D·AR:D·s· SAN BEDA !AW CtNTRALiZED"l1AR OPERATIONS.-.MEMORY·AJO201.9
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Hi¥¥¥4ieii . Not~: . No individual,. group,. or community shall execute any of these'acts of ridicule against persons' ' with disability in 'any time and place which- could intimidate or resuit ln lossof self-esteem of the. latter (R.A. No. 7-277as amended, Sec 40). ·. · .
. F · 'Acts of Dlscrlmlnation: (LQRe.~-Less~Non-FDEx) ~i-· , 1 .. ,bimiting; · segregating or classi(ying a disabled l;;- .
job applicant in such a manner. that adversely affects hiswork opportunities: · · · · "':· 2. Using gu_alifi<;;ationstandards, employment tests or otherselectlon crlteriathat screen out or tend· Vilification shall be defined as: to screen out. a disabled person. unless such standards, tests or other. selection criteria are 1 . The utterance of ·slanderous· ahd abusive stafe~ents against a person. 'h'.it~. (li!;,ability; 'shown to be' job retated tor "the posltion on -and/or: · · · · · ·-queslion ... 'and are · 'conslsfent with·. business necessity; . · , · · :· · · 2, An activity ·in public . .wh.ich:- incites :hatred. . towards, se'rjo"uscontempt for,-0r severe' ridicule . 3. · Re-a~s1g·ning· transfernrrq a disabled t.f:_. . ·employee to a job· or position he cannot perform .' of_ persons._with diij~bilitY. (R.A.. No. 727,7· · ~; · · ·· by reason .of h1s disabillty; . · . .. · . • · . . . _·am(:!n<;:ied, Sec .. 41).. ' . · -~ . · ~·. ·utili~i~g . .§.t_ancjards·. cnterla.. or · methods of ~- . · ·. admlnlstrajlon that: '. -; · . · · No_te: Any indiyi~ual, group, or comrnunity is hereby tY< a. Have the effect' of discrimination· on the .prombited · from vilify(n.g. any person ·.with ·disability, . which could resutt into· loss: ot.selt-esteem of the b:--"_ basis of disability; or. ~erpetya!e'th~·dlscriminatibn of others ~ho .. latter (RA No. 7-27713!S amended, Sec. 42). f}:t; . · , : are·. _·su_bJeCt to co,:nmon . adrntnlstratlve.,-./.;·;'> . • . . ._ <:.o~trol; .• ·. · ·. . · · . · ~6,<}:( lncen~iv1:s for ~~ployers ·, ~;.. 5. Providing_ Les~ c~mpensatl_or.i, s~ch. as saJ~pi./=,tt.) ·1.: P_nva~~._entities ', that employ· ~~rson~ . with wag~ or other' forms of remuneration and ~nrig_e"·'H_,_,,, . dlsabilitles. INl':lO meet . the required ..skills : or ben~fit~; t~· ~ .9~a!i!ied_ disabled employee~~pt;_:::~;;;!_.,,o/"'~S:ua_lifl~N~ris,.elther . as· re'gula_r .employee, >f . . . reason o_f ~1s d1sab1h,tr, than the ai:11ount t~,l:\1~.1"11~.!i~s'.!PP.~~~~J~~ ·or le_~rner,. shall ~e .e,_:it1tle? to :an ~(..a· no~~dlS~bled_. perSO[l pe.rformin~:~~-•·.s~nieV fJ acld!tie~~~\.deductlo~ frpm _their gross inc._ome, ~"- .werk 1s entitled; · ::,,,}-" /L..}1 eqwvalef.ifho25% of the total amount paid as Fa~o~ing. Nori~di~~blefJ.. em_pl~~~\ ov~r sal;,!rief~r,aw~ges~o Persomf°with Oi!;iabilities·. qualf!ie?. .disa~le_d. ei:nplciye.e,~itJl\~~~:el·,t? . 1y ·· _i . ( .\ .. ,· ,· · . ·· ( .... prom~t10~, tra1rnng o_PP1lt1e.s·, sJaey->'an.~.... Pro~;_a.~~ .h~w.f:!ver, t_ha~ such ennttes· pres~nt ~· sch?l.ars~1p:·~.:ants,. sole!f.~951· ac.c;:~Wf.lt"of, t.h~"""p~~~ ~s lt:_rt1~~db~ DC;>LE that E.erson~ with .:.la~~r'.s.d!sab1hty;. .' .. \sf '-""_,;if'.,i.;':j}i :\~· .:.{£,~ _ d1~r~t~~ff~·~I~®"°c!er the1r:_e.mploy._ ·. :· ·.. t;;· 7. · fa1lmg to SE;llect or ad,n1111s,t~r IIJ~85e,ffeatN.~1. 1~'{ .' · .. :"--'..;.-;?._~~~,._re . . .. · . R:: ma.nn:er . empl~yment tests ~-wl)LeJ};-"a~~urately _ .· ltl.. 'Provided,.. further. that the dfsabled=.~ll'lPloyee -r~flect the sk1!1~, a·ptitl!de er ot'fier,,,!a919~~lof ttfE!l · ~~;~ 1··: :is_ ac~~edJter, spe_ak1ng s~1!Js of-~;1~.1:1ch · 2. . ~nvate· ·~n!il1es · that .i_rnprove. (?T · modify their . ? · · · . . applicant or employee; if.any; . · ·pJiysieal faqilities in order to provide· reasonable 8: . .'Qis~i~sng·. -or 'te"rrriinatir;ig<. fhe.. services~ o~ :_a· . ~c~ommci9atiori. for persqns with. "dis~l:?iliti~s disabled ·employee ·by rea~l'.m· _of his .dis.ability ~hall also be .entitled to an additional .dE)dU~tion :, : vrifess the employer .can prov.ethat h~ impairs . from theirn~t taxable income, equivalent to 50°/o . r· the-saf_isfadQ'ry·~rfonnance'pf the woi:k·involve . of. the direct. costs .of th~' l_mp,i-oyemer:,ts. or . .to :_th~·, preju_di_ce of Jhe business .. entities;-· ·.. modifications (R:A.J\Jo-. 7?.,77 as.armmde.d,._Sec.· . provided;_· l)o_we:v~r; . Th.~t the. employer ·first: . · BJ. '. . . . , . S~\Jg~t provide· reas'O(lal:?le acce>mmo~atJolis 'fot . · . .. . ·disabled·P.·E)rsons;~and. . .: · : . . .. · Othe_r P.rhtlleges~~nthnc~n.tivei:"': . ··. ,: . _g;:. Excluding.disa.b.led p_erson·sfrom m~rnbership in 1. To ~ersoris Yi.lth-Di~ability: {20-C~Esf : · l;::ibor .unions or. similar organizatiqn (R.A.. No. . ..a .. At. least .. twenty .'{20)!'/o·. discouAt.~o·r . the · · 72n a.s a·mended,"Sec. 32).. · ' '. . . . . . · exclusiVe. us·e or:enjoyntent of persons With. · . · ' · . ' . . . . · · disability from:· (HAD·Me2) . , . ' . Prohibltlo~s · on Verbal · or. ~on-Verbal Ridicule . 1. .. !:!,olel · and . similpr··. lodging services, · a·nd Vilification agains(Persons·vvlth'Disabllity. restaµrants pnd recreation centers;-.. · · Pub.He"Ridicule shall be defined as an a.ct of rriaking ii. ~dmission fe'es frorri t),eater, Cinema •. . fun"or contemptuous imitating or.mak1ng mockery.of .· concert halls and ·ot~er pl.ace of culture; p'ersons wit~.. di~~bility. ~h,ether", in ~iti.ng;_ ·_or '•ir-i. : . lei~ure and ~musement; . ,.wcm:ls,or ;n Pelion dl..!1:1. fo theJr irripctirrrienvs· (R.A ·· · iii. .Qom~stic. air and .$ea.. traveJ.. public No. 7277''as·amencled, · failways,_skyways and busfares; · . . $e&4b)~... ·
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Iv.. Purchase of.Medicines in all drugstores; · v. Medical and dental.. services in all · · · government ·~aclllties, and·.. private - hospitals and ··ine~ical_ facili~ies (Including professional:fees of:-doct9rs). subject to DOH and. -PHILt"JEALTH guidelines; . . . . ·. . . . . .. b. · Continuance of. the SSS, GSIS:and PAG.
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WC>RK'.JNG·. CONDi°TIONS AND REST .
· . . -' ·· BenEifit~ Grailted"fn Title.One, Bp~k Ill:·· Educational assistance, -as well- as 1Reg3-WOlll"-CASS) ·. . ,-vocational.·or technical education, in pu~lic.. t. Right._to Regular wmking hours: ·-a·nd··private -schools througti .schbla~ships,. . ·.:z. Rfght to."REl°gular_working daysr ···grants, financlal 'aids and other Jricentiv~s·; ·3.... Rig hf to. Regulc1r meal periods; ·including ·· support: jor books, learning 4. .Right to. Weekly r.est periods:' : 'rnaterlal.and uniform allowance; ' 5.. Righdo.'overtime~work pa¥; . d, Provision of .§xpress:1~nes jn.aucomrnerclat. ·6."-: Rigl:Jfto -~.ibht~shift·differential pay;· .and governi:,;entestabllshments; in absence · 7. Right-to .Qor.riperisa~ion for hollday work; · · ·.thereo~. p~iority.sha~I be_giy~.n tothem; and· .: . ~- Right to.eiddltional compensation on scheduled e. .§pec!al dtscoui:,~ ·-1n_·.~pec1a.1 _pr9graT.~R-':2~-·"-,.":-°"l<>.:,::t_~stday, Sunday or spectal holiday work;· purchase-of basic comm0d1t(es -~..P~Ct.1o.1LJ 9., ...-'Ri~l'it~o-§ervicelncentlvs leave; and, _ on and DA guidelines (R:~Nr-:,. · 72~as.~ J.,10}.Ft}g~f(ffil\..a §hare i.n.. tl)fl c9l.le_cted _service . emended, ~ec. ~2). · _. .
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Note:. The. privile~~s m':'y ~@f_J.me9i:,1f..1.he~ cbV.£~1SE.0.F..'~'(ORS.TANDARD~ ~W . person With disab1t1ty clatl'T}f-~'9f'~r,)cfi~(o\Jnt -~~ "1[(:-.N:1183~!;).t'fp°@ h!Rurs ofwofk. . · maY. ·_be· granted . by thf).c.f_ .c_Q~rn~rci~1 · ,i~·Art. 84. Hq!Jr$·}:;'~t~ed· . . · establishment and/or". until~ oth:r; e~1st~~~~~~ ~ 5. Me'~lt~r-i_o'tj_i, . .: . . orin combinatlon with f~~di·f~oul'"!~Prqg~a~ 6. Nigfih:;.h!tt\cfjlfe_r~ntial : . ·. . . .. (RA No. 7277 as ?metcle'dr:S.c•. ;32).~_ ~-:4} ~ ~,~·Art.. ? . overt1tnel-'or-k · · : .. · .. · · · · · ,. ··. ' ·. ' P. ~ · · · · . . · · !,7_ 1 ~~ Artf~;a:..!,)nd~rti~ iot offset.by oyer:t1me · 2: To· · .. Jndiv1~ual_s '. ?(~ .~9~ .. rien_t~Ir . . , i:nerR.~.~.gYfi>verti.in~. ':fOtk_ . .. . . · l!'stitutioF1s estabh.sh~•l'l~t't1pl#~s, {p~!J; 111f9€Y. C~~p!'.Jta.t19,no~ additional compe~sat1on. Commuliiti~s .or Retir~rnenf '(~lr~g~~bJf_lY..'ii.~~~~"" . R~h~ to :~rekly rest day . _... ·
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a. -~ealtY· tax ,!:!ohcfay .f;;\~e first Comeens_ation for.RE:st_day, Sunday or . - operation; and . .• ·'\,. . · .l'.n,~~6Jjday;WCJi1'.: , . . .. · . b. Prio~ity. in_- building_ ~nd/.or.,Yn,_~_1A!~f5~of-~~12 1 .. -~-~fo1tl3i~h~t<;> ~?l~ay· p~Y . . . . 1... . . · ·. · .. prov1_nc1al or rnurnc1pal· Boad~~&l~J!:to pi~~1:~53""Right!O·S~rv1pe 11:1centJve_leave · ·· .. , . s'ald··~omes. (R,A. "fyo. 7.2!7. as·:ai!le~~Jlff:"96· .. Se"(ice._c_h~rges. . ,. · Sec. 33): ·. · .. , .. ·. ·. -:. , . · : · · ...... · .. , ... ·.: ·: .. ·· ..... . ARTICLE · ·.; · ·. 81: . ... . E:Li~IBILiTY · ·'FOR
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.Handicappe(! .WorkE!!rS ·may·be_ hirecfas ·aP.f>rerJtices or .learners if- th~ir habdicaJ? is· not ~uch as. t,o . . effEictively°imped_ethe performance O,f job Ol)erati?.nS · in -the partfcu!~r. oGqupalions'for .which:.they are hired · ... ,-(LA:BOR_(;ODE, Ait."81j. ··_ . ·_'. .· . . · . . . . . ·.· . . . ·... .
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. ~m"pf~"yee is ~-nY. -~~~~ ~~o perfci~~- ~e~ic.es:for . . an- erriplbyer )n. which:. either or _qpth . ~ental _.and . : physJcal :efforts .. ar.e · usad . an~ who -receives .. !?Orn p.ensatfon '. ~or..., s_~ch ~~i:vi.~~-s•. wh~re. there 1s empl_ciyer:-emp!oyee f13l1;1t1on_sh1p (R.A._. No., 8_28?, · sec. -B(dJJ. .. ,.. , , ·. , .. l;mpl~yee ind~del?,~ (DiCE) ..: ." . . '. ·1. One who;has be.en Disn;iissed rcC?.m.wor_k but the ·legality df the ~isinlssai is being cohtested in _a forum of appropriate jurisdiction .(D.0. No. 40:· 03, M,arch15, 2003); ''· ·
34 I ·~019 SAN BEpA LAW,~6.NTRALIZ~D
BAR OPERATIONS
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Any ·individual whose work has _g_eased as a result of or In connection with an/current labor dispute or because. of any unfair labor practice if .tie· has not: obtained any · other subsiantially . equivalent and regular employment, and . Any . person In the . .!;.mploy· of · an employer {LABO~ CODE, Art. J19(f)). · . . ~ , ,·
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extent of control the hirer exercises over a worker. · The greater the· supervlslon and control tha-hlrer exercises. the more. likely the worker is deemed an .employse. The converse holds true as well-the less· control the hirer exercises, the rnore-liketythe worker is considered an Independent contractor {Sonze v-. ABS-CBN Broadcasting corp., G.R. No. 138051, .. June 10,_2004)., . · ·
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mere" facf that an enti~y. is .a labor union do~s not mean that it.cannot be consldered.an employer of the persons whowork for it"(Bautista v-Jnci6ng, G.R . . No, L~52824/Marcll"16,·1988). . . . . . ·. ..". . .
The control test merely calls for the existence of'tha · · right 'to controlthe manner of doinl;Hhe work:, not" the· actual exercise of the right (Zano'ft~ Shoes v_ · NLRC, G.R. No. 10066~,--February,1-3_;· {995): . -
Even .an unregistered .assoctatlon may be deemetl. ah employer (Orlan<;JO:FatmsG_rowets-Associaf(<;Jhv. . NLRC;. C:i.R November 28, . .-. No. 129076,. .: 1998).: ·
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Not every form of control will .have the effect of · establishing the Er-Ee relationship. The line. should ·. ·.. bedrawn between: · · ' . Typ~s'.of ~n,ployees'. u ~der th~ .Labor Code · .. . . ·1. Rules .that merely serve· as guidelipes "towards 1: ·Mar:iagerlal Employee js one who.is vested.with · . the achievement of mutually desired results powers 'or.preroqativesto lay·d_own·~n.d e?{ecute_.,,J'.) · . without ,dictating the means or methods.tc be · management poficies and/q"r' to· hire, transtej, . ,,.),f . employed in attaining it.: These aini. only . to s~sl?eQ9, ·1~yoff, recall, 'discti"!rg·e... ·assigr(~~'.'..'./· ..\ · pro"n~qte t_h~ r~sl:iit. In such a case, -no Er-Ee 'discipllne employees; . .- . · [. ,.._;.;·: ,,,d · relat1onsh1p ex1sts;.and ·· . · 2. Sop_er.visory Employees i;ire -those who, in\tr~'. '. '_' '.'·-_;/ .~--Rules t_baJ control o.r fix·· the m~thodology. and !nferest or the ~inployer, _effectively .reco~efer{g.. ·'(l;;;.:~~.:~1?!!}~;<;>r::r.~~trict tl;)e party hired to the.~se qf such such r1;1anage~ial actions ·if t~e ex,e:~is,~:.:e(-su~h~ 1.1 · .. me_ans~'y~ese addre:5s b~th tHe result and th~ auth_onty .ls- not ~erely rootmary/~1>'cJ,encal'!?:\:}: _mea~s·L~l~~-d t<;> achieve 1t and _hence, Er-Ee -~ature .but req_wres_ the use- -otr '!19~~endE:9~V j,\. relat10?1sh1p~,ex1sts.(Insurance _Life Assur~nce : ·. Judgmen.t: c;1nd . . · . , _..,,(> ,~.i(?7 · ., f~ . Co., l,fd·l "fVLRC, G.R. No. ~4484,. November . -~,- · ~ank-~od-~l_e_. _Emplo~~esj;,91.e'i>"a_n -e1~pt~~e9if~. 15, 1j89)t ·not f~lhng w1~hin an¥· of ,tfl~..,abo1J~~efim~on.s-~ . · .(L'Af30R COD~ !),Ft. 219 1',k--~, ,: ' , . ,: ,.:' Ecq~~lc-~ ..~.P.M~~jl ..ce or Economic _Reality Test
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,,. : .. ~l~~-e~~-~f ~mplpy~r~E~p;oy~e;~~;~if~~itVJ;'. ~7;~~~/:~~:~r;~~eh~q~~~~i~u::~~~~~~0:n:~~ ·. ~::. . F<>lJr~_Fold.. Test (SeP_a:OisCo):· _-. \.\ ./- : ")~ . . . . ··)!;.,_1.,,.,..tppt·line of__ bu<siness (Francisco y. 'NLRC, G.R_.·No: 1. -§.e_le<:_tion:_anct en_gagement of the ,t;r.l~toye~:.:...,,.-r,y·'·, •.,.;:::;Y'P~~?.:.~,;1.Y..Pusp1,.?oo6J: · ,. · , ·.·... .. : , 2, Paymel'.)tof wa·ges; . · ·· · · 'f'l · -<"~,';';.,.--JJ!.t.\,t.!;_:-<-i·--·•-:--'"' : . . , ~·:_ ·:·~·-· :_Pow.er of ~ismissal; and · · .. .·Two-tiered ApprQact): ... . .. ~ . 4._ .power-·.. to·-: · Control· . (Pacif.tc :QfJ'(i~t!~tants 1. ,'.The . putative· el'"!lployer's power to. control t,.. : · !pter.nati9·n~I_Asia; -Inc,. v.. SchonfelcJ,/G.R.No.· . · . e_mploye~ w!th · resp_e·<;:t to·· -the.: 'means anq·· ~:. -166920",'_February19,.20.071: ...:-· · methoqs. _by . , ~hich. · th.e .~ork )s · .to b"e· , ~;· · ·· .. ·· accomplished;.and - · ..... · . · · ,· ... t . -No.te: rb~~e ha~.b~~n no.-uoitor~ t~st to· deter.mine 2.; i:t-ie_ 1,Jndertying economic-realities of the.activity_ . . the exist~nc;e of an employer...:Smployee relationship. :· or- relatio!')ship (Francisco. v. :NLRC,.... G:R:. No. . The ~fQiJ(~folcl", test·. may_ ~e regarded· the .170087, Augµst 31; 2006). traditionar or .convefltional:-tl;}sf-·of.:~h.e employment. ., . '· . question. i3.ut .iJ n6t the sole'"test ·1J1ere IS tt,e need"" . Note·: The determinatio"n .of the relat\onshlp between . ·.to· consider the existing ·conditions· between .the .. ~niployet .. antj. emp!oyee .. qep_ends· upon· the . parties,· .in· addition to tlie rig'ht-of7°Ccintrplelement ·circum~t~hces_ Of t~e _wh~I~ ·economic a~tivity, Sl!Ch ·"'· · :(S.et1illa-v:'CA,.G.~. Not L-!11182-3, April 1.p, .1-9_$.8}. as: .. , . . . , . ·. 1: . "The exterit .to· which the ..services·performed are· ari.. integral.part of the" erriploye_r·~ business; . C.~niiO'I T~~t · . . . · : . ·2. The· extent · of · the worker's. investment iri . ..Refe_rs to. fhe ~mploy.er's:power·to:-cor)trol. qr. right to-: ·. ~qu.ipment and facilities; . . .. . . . .. ' . . . '· con{rol the employee not only as to. the result Qf the· 3. . "Ttie nature· and . degree of c9ntrol exercised by . work to:"be· done- but .also .as to the me~ns and "the employer; · · . met.hods by which the satne is: to· be a"ccomplfshed. 4. · .The work,er's·opportunity for profit and losi;· . C~l)l~OI ·t~·$;..is. mo~.t"-- i~porta·~~- t~st our. 5. Th·e amount of. initiativ.e, . skill, judgment or foresight required "tor the success of the daimed co.urts a.pply i!" · ~istinguishir:ig· an: en:,ployee from .ari . independ~nt enterprise; · . · · ir:idependent" ~·ntractor. -This test. is. bas"ed _on the
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2019 SAN SEDA LAW.CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS ~ 35
LABOR . ST AN·DARDS SAN B~OA tAW CENTRAlltED BAR OPEflATiONS. - MEMORY.AID. 2019
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6. :The permanency and duration of the relationship betweeh the worker and the employer; and 7. The _degree of dependency of the worker upon · the employer for his co[ltinued employment in that line of business (Francisco·V: NLRC, C:;.R. · · ·No. 17Q087,Augu~t.3·1. 2006). · ·
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1~. Paki~o wor_kers (Za{J1udio v, NLRC; G.R. No. 76723, March 25, 19.90); anp. 14. Truck drivers (Sy_. v, CA, -G.R. No. 142493, February 27, 2003)_. .
· Cases where. thQf~ Is ···no· E:rriployer-Employ~e Relatlonshlp: · 1. .Farm workers are not empleyees of the· sugar 1;:xi$t~nceof Errtployer-Empi,p:yee Relationship central ·(Pondor; v. f,ILRC, .G.R. No. 116347, Existen·ce. of .employer-employee relati61.1ship· is October3; 1996); · . determiried,-by law, not by contr;;:ict. Hence, even if·. 2: Caddies . are not employees of the golf -club the..parties call.their contraet,a "Contract of Lease of· ": (Manila Golf·& Country ·qtub -v. /AC; G.R. Ne. · 'Service"; ."the fac:tual existence of. an Er~Ee _; 64948 Septerrtf;?er?7, 1-994); . · . · 'relatio'nship' -~ti!I prevail_:(1 AZUCENA, ·supra _at ·· .· 198):· . . . 3. Qqll_ecting.age.ilts on 'comrnisslon basis (Singer S~wing Machine _Company v, Drilon, ·-G:R. : No; ·E~idence of Employment ·. . : ·· · .91"307, Januf:!r.y.24.1991); .:: . .. . · No particular form .of evidence is required to .prove · .4.. Shoeshin·e boys. (E:Jesa v.. Trejeno, G.F?,. No. ithe existence of Er-Ee relationship.'Any competent . 72409,. December 29,.198f;); ~ ,, . . and relevant ~vide_~ce "to prove the relationship m~~="="-==A..Jnd_eJ?enden!-:~ontrac;tors . sel)ing ~oft · drinks · ~e admitted ,(1' AZUCENA, supra at 195). ~:r_,,.,,.~ l · T 1\, -~fi.nao" Fr<Jdmg Corp. v. ()pie,. G.R. N_o. L- · J'\/3.f79ll}:"4ar~h.25, 1976);.. : · · : ..... · : Cas~s -.Where ·i:;mployer-Employe1:.-~Ja_t1C?.fl~}..P:"=·"...:..~.;_5{om_ pi1_§S~ salesman (_'A?a?te,Jr. v, t.emearid Exists_:· . . . . /,./' _ .\,../,#--·: · ""B~riflg·§i.\7F}~qsCorporation, G.R: No. ~!59.890, 1. Jeepney a rivers on ·boundaty. ba~~:J..vi11cJJ(Jaria~t=-,,J4t!Y~~tl@O,t . · ·. 1}:..-~ ·. .. ·· · · v. CA, G.R. No. 165881, fl./rJ.t}!\2,006')( )TI)\~entphysician position in a 3. EfTlpl~yee~ ofunregist~~etfas,s?ciationKOdam~o7i ~:~t~medfcal . sp~ci;:ilt~1/, neyer · a .permanent one _Farm Gr,owers..v. Nt.lR<J;,.y.S.'B-. No. \1290f6Xz~u,..~ ·(felf>< V.· B~~ns~~i'~G.R.. No. 109704, January November 25, 1998); ~....i f c::].\ . ,.·. · '-, ...:-- .,· n,f-fDJ!p). J · 11 : ··· . · 4. Streiet-liii'ed ·kaqj~d,or ¥,rp~q1~{mert· · · Wor~ers Union v, Lague~ma;-'G?f:?. Ni· 1 3~2~ ~"~p,s§.1:1.:'.~;o{ N~ri:ie iri fie Payroll . . February 24; · 1998); . \\ : ·\ \.~G'. ~:-"". I: ~ffare'_21'ie. E,?'~~ r~l_ations~ip betw~_en ttle parties . 5~ Workers' .in movie 'projeit~·-'(MaP'~_guinb{JJIR~~~/w~f~ffic~ftly pr(!'ic'I· br te,stim~>nial !3Vidence, the .) · _-Enero v. NLRC, G.R: No. 1~p969,-.1'a(1paf.;y~~i..~~c~;o.r.-1ime ~peet: trrne·record, o-r payroll has . ., 1998); ' : · · , . ;r,::, ~~?i>e$9.!>'e. i'l,9Q~l)S§(Juential (Opu/encia Ice Plant: v. 6. Sal~r.ied·insurance agent as_'di~ti~gt11~~p-;f~:.-.-=·N_£Ry(~'1~!in comm1ss1onb~~1~{f~reat-. i\ . f J,~Ote.},-}r~ · presenc~ Or'. _ a~sence, _-Gf 1;:r-Ee · .Pacific [ife Asi;uranc_eCorp. v. .Judico~f3..· ..,7;10,, '.lVJi._1._~~ijs1i:(s'nip. is, no{_ d~.t~~miried by' the bas"is of 73[JB7,December.21, 1989); . .., .· .. · · . · · · ~~_=employ~e's--compensatrpri(1 AZUCENA, supra at• 7 .. J"ailor~,' .. ·.seamstresses;.. ·servers, ·b!:ISters, 1913).. ·,. . .. . . . . ,. . .· plantsadoras paid. 'On · pi·ece-rate basis (Mt1kati Habeldasher:y·v. NLRC, ·G.R. Nos: ·833~0-$:j;. Noveinbf)r 15,.1'~89);. · . .. .. . . .· . ARTlct:.E ·s2: cove RAGE·. · 8. · In-house .. lawyer .as. distinguished from_ an ~en~ral Role: °Title. I, ·Book· Ill of the ··L:al;:>or Co.de-~. outside:retainer.(/:"lydro·Resources· Cqntractors .· · · dealing· wit~ ·ho4rs· of w~rk, weekly· resf. periods·., . f;orp:: v. Pagali/auan, 'G.F~. :No. "6~909, April 18; : 1[)89),· . . . . : holid·ays, ·servjce: iril~~ritive . leaves
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Field personnel;.and . Members of the Fani(ly of the employer.who are .. dependent. on him for' support (LABOR <:;ODE/ . Art. '82).
collective bargaining) · (National Sugar Refineries . Corp.' v. NLRC, . G.R. No. 101761, .Msrcn 24, '1993) .:
G.overnment'Employees Refer· to employees Cif 1;1ove.rnment . ·agencies; instrumentalities, or: political subdlvlslcns and· of government' corporations thal are not incorporated . . under the Corporatlon Code, (i.e., ,.those which have . · . original charters). 1he terms and conditions of thetr. · · . employment are _governed. l;ly Civil· Service Law, . rulesarid regulati9ns (1 A_ZU<;;ENA, s'Upra ai 217).. ·
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One whose primary duty One'who· is. vested wlthl' consists ... · of -, the· powers" or. prerogatives mariaqernent of t.f1e to lay down arid execute .est1:1blishniE:nt in.· which management · · pollcles they ar.e· em.ployed pr .of andzor to 'hire,: transfer, a ... ··department··. Or ·SUSP.end, lc;!Y,-Off, recall, subdivision· thereof .and dlscharqe, 'asslqn · or to other members of the· di$cipline -.employees· rnanaqerlal staff · .. , · (LABO.R cobs.x« 2.12 (LABOR COQE, Art. 82). {m)). .. ·· · .•~..,~·.. . , ~·,M~· .
Managerial !:inploye.~s . Alter egqs of their employerswho·meet the.tallowing c6'nditions~: . · · .. . ·.. . . · . ·. · ·1. Jheir primary d4ty consists of the manaqernent · of the establlshrnent.ln which tl}e:y are employed or of 1:1· department or subdlvlslort thereof; . ~ They customarily and r.egutarl¥ dir~ct the worl<,,8f.r)i( ·.., :·.. \-:r;~ '. : .. •. !>, ... . two. or more employees therein; and· s ·· · · d ·d 1•. :,·h::!'{ 3, ·. They have. the authority to hire or· fire ojnet'(;-':':\'.rt upervisors are ~.eme 0 employees of lower rank; 'or their·sµggesti?f1~ ;· :·'"A ·!'Tlerhb.e~ t~e · and recommendation_s as to .the hi~i.ng and Jci'ci~,, r, ?a~~gen~l7Y .staff. ~n.d as to. the promotion ·<;>r any other ,S;~;;ige of•/J J.~!.!}{f,f/03....:-;~ · Sugar · · status of other employees .are give~particular..r.. ·11(."""· i · ~efinenes . r C9,:p, V:
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_.wei~hf (IRR LABOR :toDE, B~~~jfl,/~ul.e fi~~h. ~~: 1.. , _. ~ec}~b)). · : .. ·. -... . . ·.114 1993)... H_..\ . · ... · 1g93).. . . · . . .~.ote:.T.he thr~e types of inan~~enal er:npt-c6y"e~·ar~~ · 1:ls. 'foll?ws: '(1 )· First-line · tn:~~'!i9,~:)~'f~.P,. c~l!e.d.·. ·11::,., Elen,.~r~·;:tol~~ ..~e.~psid.ered a. Member of t.be ·supervisor: direct operating emplo~e.e~~QQ}Y Managgr~a,i,~\~:f!?JJ?er-C~l;ED) . . not .supervise other. managers;.(2\M1.cfdJl\{..!J??,tna.ger-s'- t';; · 1 .. Thar<-h1s-pnmary. duty consists of · the__ ·. dir.ect the . activities. of .otl"!er. {Teiriag·e:r~ ;.ada: . [l11. · Perfbrma.nce of work direcUy relat.ed· to · sor,etimes alscd~·ose of op·e_ratini;te~pt~ies;(3) · ,·.m~nc:1gement polici~s; . - ·. . '. . . . Top.:.mahagers. 1s. resppn.s1ble for;Jfle'·.OVJ.Wl!~l,a_J:r···•T:,~}~h~ .~.usto~anly· and re~~larly. exE:rcrses . · .:· man.~gement o( the organization an9J~.sta~.l~~~e"s - · . ~1scr~t1on ar;id .1no~pendent .Jlidgment 1n the., · · operating. policies. and guides·. tbe . or.gc1niza;tion's. 'perforf!l_ance of his functions; ·. . . ·· "inter.actions·"Yith,its l;lnvir.c:>rfrnent {Unit{Jd'f>;fpsi'!Co/a .: ~-- Tt:iat 'he Regularly ~n<;I' directly, assists in the v, L:ag'!esma;-~-R. No.. '122.2.26, M,arch 25, 19!:)~)- . ·. . .. ·. · .· . mt;tnagement of. the.~stab,list,men~; . . . . . · , : · ·. · . - · ·.. · · ,: .. · . ·. 4. l'hat,h~ gxecute·s, ynder general supervision, Managerial empl6yees .are not' covered by t!'lis Title : · · · · · · work · 'al0ng·. -specialized. or , technic,al' lines . be~us13 they :s1re. employed by. rE!a~on of their . ' . l'equiri0g special tr?ining';. experience or' spe9ial. ·. training;· experlence, ·'or ·.. knowledg·e.. ·knov,.,le.dg'e; . . · . · ··. . .: · · ··,· . Therefore, the:: ·iia.lue · of their Work .. ca.r:mot b~ · .. · ·That he: .!;xetutes, un9er. g~h.eral supervi~ien, .measured.in-terins'of hour:s (DUKA, supra.. at 115)- . . .. ·. ·special assignment;,;'and tasks; and . · ·. · · · · · ' ; ·.· .' · ; . ·. ' .._ · · . 6. That·he Does.not.devote·inore th~n- 20% of his M:~agerial ~mP,loye.e.under.'·. ' .. ·.' I time tQ qther-.than' those des~rjj;)e~ ·above .... Ar( {!2,v. Art.21'.9(in). · ·. · (IRR·o; LABOR. COl)E, Bo.ok ·111,." Rule I, Sec: . .'· : . . . . : ,2(q)): . ·.. ·. . . . _'.:. . ...
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'Used o·n1y. for pu:rposes L!sed Ol)IY for pu'rp,o~e& of B_qok Ill (i.e. working of. :ao.ok v. (i ..e:Jorming conditions; rest periods;: and . joining. . unions, entitlementtq benefits) · certif(catio.n elections,
•, .. Note:. An ·employe~ whose ,job i.s to supe1:1Jise the . . laborer.s i!l the. eor:istruction proj!39t fall~ squarely· . under the · category· of. "officers.. or· memhers of a ·. managerial st~ff''.·and is exempted from p'aymenl' of .. ,overtime pay, premium· pay .for ·holidays. and rest days aod..servfce incen~ive. le'ave pay (S.alazar·v: NlR.C, G..R. No. '109210,(April17;.1996).
2019.SAN BEDA LAW .CENTRALIZEP BAR OP!=RATIONS .
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SAN BEDA LAWCENTRAllZf:D BAR OP£RATIONS - MEMORY A/0'2019'
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considered field .personn.e.1 · (Auto})µ~ 'Transport . Systems. Inc. v. Bautista, G.R.'No: 156367, fyfay 16, 2005). . .
.Domestl~·Help~rs/ Persons Renderjng Pers.ona) Services . ·· 'fhey are. those-who: . . . . . 1. .Perform 'Ser'vlces in the ernployer'\5 home which. : are usually riecessary··and desirable for ttie m aintenarice or. en)oyment thereof; :or 2. Minis.ter io. the personal comfort, convenience or · safety of the emplqyer, ·as well as tt,·e. memberi, bf 'the· e'rnj:>loyer'(:l tfousehold ··(/RR of LABOR.· G,Op~ .8091< Ill, Rule 1/~~c-: 2{d)).. ··. · . · : .
Members of the Family of the Employer
Tt-iey, ~re not -covered . by this· Title because .the amounts given by tt:ie employer 'by w'ay of soppo:rt may. far exceed the penefits fo whicti
· Not cc;iverEid by this title becaus.e the ·.terms and· : . conditions of emp.19-yment. are. gqverned· by the' · pr.ovisious.of R.A. N6 .. ·10361: (otherwise· known . a_s Bci!.tf!~ ~asambahay)... · . . . . . . · .· . ·.
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. Workers Paid b; R.es~lt: ·. :ARTICLE 83:);,,0R:MA.LHOURSOF WORK .• . ft\l;ly are: those whose work ls not measured .in The normal hours.of-work of anemployeeshall not. accordance.with the time they spent to complete the. exceed :eight (8) hours a. day. · · . . wci_r_k._,Jhe tlrne .element, in f~~t, is not-a _gi,s1tefii'\f~-,,,,~~·. · . · : consideratlori. Such work is measured ejth'er: ~~ !l REf~·sops~.,,_ · s . • . • • 1: _'13y pfece; .or. ,. · . . . .· ,/~ -(~~ -'"'~--...:!::..)J T,p s~fe,~Jt:t~rd · the health an~ welfare -~f the 2: By task (1 AZU9ENA, supra al'A5)~,j~ .,~-= · -~.,bo~r:'a.'l~~ : . . ·... .. 'v/:;-:fr'. .,.....,..._~.:.=..J~-'rtl.t~![tllf~·,.l~~~m~Loyment by ut1hzrng different Note:_ Workers ..paid by. resuJJs...~~o.~1in,e~d.. ·sh1~s"'(Mar'!€t.Jfe{mm'al Co., Inc. v. CIR, G.R. No. performance .are.supery1sedJ5{",.\tJ,'?Pmf>tpYer ~If) L:4l4$~[i{y,'}1·~··'-~.52) .. · . ... :· · : . ,: entitled· to· the. ~enefits of .Jiµe .09,e. E;'lq,o~· I.II .U..1, · •• \ti!;;'"'.. \\ ·.' · ·. . · . AZUCEN~, SuP_ra at 3~6) .. · ff J>~_;);'""?·r,_ : i W._o\~!;Ja)'1f-~aler,i~ar. l?ay.
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(For:th~ full .disr;;us,s_iqri; ,ie(ejt~7_f'1_'~iscufs1on·Sfiftt?,;:i; _ A;lcl~ 1.01. paymen.t b-: ~~e.le·~nder ~GE~~~..'._:.:3. 2l Jk-:~'1r .. ,! Field Personnel . . ·. ... r Im t_r;p_m__ Non-agricliltu_r:al_em{)lpyees: '\ U. . · ... <..)~\;~ , ,gl1 ®JlJ}",e~ ~P!lfYji,~ 1. Whe regularly: perform tr\eir,-quJ\s a /f~~ I ,,,. ~E}_f;l}'J~fsta;,t~ to w~Jk . the' principal place of bus~ss or t?{anc §lffi~~.J.,/,,, -~~.£)~~less 7,,f!'f whew~r ,. of the ~mployer; ,;md , '. ~~-. ·; <,;,S~-:- ftl~ wo~w,is brok~fi- or 2. W~ose .ilctµalJi~urs' of.work i~the ~~~C@.~0~@J»~~~1<1ou~!~ay_~o~ be determined with reasonable ~er:ta1~tyj(JR8'hfe:.."""".,=.co,nc~{ ·\, :.,,Y}!1tfi' a ihe LABOR CODE Book ·m ·ku)e.JVN,'Se&:,f(e)). -1..._ II cal~cl,l)!i·daf . ,
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Rule m Case o[F.1shermen . . ·. ""':..,.., ··F-1sh...~rmen :.. ·.are'···..no 1t ..·fi"ld ·· · .. · ·, ., .· altho .. 5).. 1e personne ...... ug h.th . ey · ·· · . (IRRofLa.borC<X/e,Bookl/J,Rule.l-A,Sec . · , · . ·: perform.n9n~.;igric.uit1.1ralV,'.brk aw~Y:from . p.<:\ rt ..Ti1m~: · · .. ot I< , ' .· .. . . . • . . ..• . . . petitjoner's . , . . . . . business· offices;- the.Jacr remains .that.throughmit ·. Tbe ~ight-':Hovr Lab.or J.,,3w:preseriqes the.maximum the duratlori of ttieir wotk they' are under th'e'effective btil IJOl the rriinimu·rn.Therefor~. pa'rt~time·work, or. a, . control ·and. supervision. ·of':employe'r:. However, · dats work 'Of less ·than efght (8}° hours is···na.f · under the 'philippihe···Pis.heries·.co~e-'of.1998,. prohibited(1AZUCENA,stjpra'at.5wr: '.:: .. .fishermen are· cbn~idered·fie!d· personnel (Mercidar FishiQ.g Corp. v; NLRC, G.R. Nq. 1'12574; October{J, ·. Note:. 'fhe EightsH01,1r Lat?6r J.aw has application 19f).8)': . ·. : . . . . .. · · · ·. . ·. .. : . · . 'ta, th"e :outside service fore~-or field sales persqnnel '• and 'they a're noi entitled tc(dvertime compensation :Rule.ir1~ase ~fDriv~~slB.~s ~<mduct.~rs .. · ... . since ..their employeJ h;:i&. no·· Way' of knowiri'g· the . · It is of juclicial. notfo!3 that along -the ·:rcmtes that are ·number'of- hourr(tf:i.e 91JlP.k>yee works ,qay (San p)ied .- ..by bl,ls .companies, . there· are . inspectms · · ·.;. Miguel Brewery v. Oem9r;ratic. Labor 'Union, G.R, ·· assigned in . strategic'' place~ •. m~ni:fatoty once-a·N~.;L-1£}~5_3, Ju/y·31, 19§3}:. · . . . week car barn or shop day, driverslconductors'.must be at. specific :pla'ce 'at . sp~cified time,. as they . ·. C9mpressed Work Week (CWW) . · · CWW .is an· alternat\ve arrangement . whereby thE;'l . generally observe prompt departure anq _ai:rival fr.orn their point·of origin to their point of destin~ti6n;They . ·riorrnal workweek.i$, r¢duced to less than six ((;i) days . are; tberefore, under constant-su'pervisi.oriwhil.e -in .bu( the t_ot~i: number ·of nor.fTlal hours per week . the performance of ·this WOrk and hence :canl).Ot be
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LABOR.STANDARDS SI\N BEDA L/IW.CENTl{ALiZ£D BAR OPE~·TIONS- MEMORY AID' ;zo19
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·:, remains at 48 . hours. The normal workday is ·1. .§.roken-t1rrie sch.edule where the work sched~le f( · incre!r'<_J,-,/: /. . ~\ ~!)f11rtl itmEJ.\lit~. :~·¥,Cott of .·th~ 4--llour.. ?_ve.rtlme. t1: A 9~yv·scherr:i.e wh1ch.::cf?.m.~l.1~~JV;t,!fi~t~~~g'?1rig., beco~es/an Lleg~I str11<e ·(lnterp/Jil.Lab.-Emp!Qye_es... .. conditions s~all_na~e the fo!l9Y,IJP@'effei;:!_s_:i : .: --~ · ~-~ 'Union . lnturphli Lab, ·.Inc., G.R: ..No .. 142824, . .1 .. 'Work t'l~yond·S·h?u_rs will1;.~~t?,!=;.}~P~P,~ns~le. Decerv,.J?..er-:1,~J~49f)J:)p ·.. . . ·.: . _· · : ;. · .~· ... · · by o~ertime J?Tem1um pro~1~ed tti~,~~tnun:~,,~:. "-('!r::,,.~.·~~•.i"':~f'Y·· , ... · · -· ~~ < .of ~_?~fS. worked p~r day st-1,fl.!.!Jl'~!{,~~~\'!~d'·1~, "'.:'~ B,rok?n.. Hour;s~ . .' . : . . ~!;. · · hours. .· ·. . ·. · . . . ~"~- -.;,\ . f , . The ·nolJlial eight working hours mand.~ted by.lc!W do t:;·· .. : -~ceptlon:· ':"h~re there-· is a.'nirre. ~otabl~_ J~J.W!,g~~ayir.,riean·~ntin~o:us 'and:,_unintern;iP.t~d. 8 [,.. · . · ·pri:'ct1c~.~~1st1rig m the firm;· .. ,!,~~--:=:::..::.:.~~.,;,lil?i.Jrs,.r0{4-;,Y!prk.-.As_ m_ay. bE:l · r~qu11:.ed by peculiar. ( ( 2. ,- ~niploy~es un~er a.' _c;:,wvy. schem~?ar~e~~wed · ·'. 01~cum,s ances of emplo~eot, 1t n.iay .'!'~an brokeff W . .. to. me'al· p~~!Qds '9!.. not. less·_than\~8~JN'l,ltes; _ h9!;1f~ ?f .say; fpt.lf ·hour~ _in. t~~ mornmg. an.d _four:·· & .. · :' c;onsistent wlth:Art. 86'.of tbe laqor 90:ct~i"-"and· · hburs ·in the. ey(:lnmg or vanat1011 ~there_pf,:provided . ~}- . . a.·. Adoption of:the'CWW ·S<;:herrie shall. in'·i,p .case . the·tofal ·of 8 hours.is aqcomplished. within ·the wo~k ,··resi:Jlfin diminution·af.existlng·benefrts (oj,,;,No, i;Jay"(1 CHAN;,st.ipra·at'10'6).· .... · ·. · .. '
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. ~- oi-o4;: _ · ·.. ·. ··.-. · : ' .. . · 99erJct_·yv,qr1t1_rfgT!~~ is·~ ·{a!if s~eme ·w~i.ch · Reversion to eight:hour workday · .. ·.... · . . may J:>e r~sorted to qy employers:·As .,;t in~tter of ·Reversion -to the ··normal. 8-hoor wo.rkday ·t,:qm ~ < :·._ . · pfeceae'rice', Memorar;icJarri. C)rcular· No.· 81 ·v.ias . :~rra~ifem~i:itl:,hall 'no.t consti'tute f'i Elirninution . . issued t>y. the Qff)c13 of .the. Pr~sident,tjri'oecember. of benefijs:.. The·-·r~~e'r:sion shall be cqrisid.~r:~d'.a. · · · , 14; 2004·wt1it:h implemented th¢ Staggered W<:>rking. , · 1egitim~t!=!'::·..exerci$e · of: nianager:i:ient pi:erogativ~;. . Time in. th~ ~~~cutive_ Dep~rtrnent in fel~ti.ori t~:>'-the_.. · · proyitled.that "the .em_ployer ~hal! give th~ employees . <:>th~r.brar;iches.of g<:>v~rnm~n~·and .the pr'l,vate seytor. • PM(noti9e. r~versiqn within ,';J reas,or:iabl~ .. in_·.M.etr~·..M~n~lcl. during the C~ristmas. _se~ifon~:fi?rJl · period of-time (001£-D.A N9: 02-04). ·o~ce1T1pef. 15,.2904 t.o Janua1y_6, 2005, Ac~ordmg. ·· · · · · to.this issuance, St~ggered.,working time·ls lll.f:!antlo. "Fle~ible'w~·rk Arrangerr,ents. . . improve the· deliv~ry of godds. and ~ervjces (CHAN,. In. "'o"epa.rtmeni'-Advisory No.· ·-2-09; a.doption· of supra at 107). · ·, · · · · fl~~i!)le-'v.Jo'rk ~rrarigements (FWA)"is .con~id~r.ed· as_ . . _.. . ... ·. - , _ · . . . . . better .alte'rnatiVe th~n 1he.oUtrJ9ht termination· of . Normal Ho_urS of.Work Qf·He31th rer~<;>nnel . the services of- employees or th~ ··~Josure· Pf the For health·-person,nel in cities and iTiuhicfp·alitie,s.with .:establishment. Th~. effectivity.and Jmp)ementatiol'.) of· a population· of at lf;!ast 6nt!! million (1,000,000) or in · -FWA stiau·l:ie tempora_ry. The FWAs inc_lude: (BFFhospitals and·cllniqs witti a bed d1pacity of at least -. ~RC.)_ = . ··. · . · · ' . _· . . · . . · one hundred (100):· · ·
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2019 SAN SEDA .LAW CENTRALIZED
BAR _OPERATIOhlS
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a~ ho_u.rs wo.rked· if the work is with the -knowledge ·of his employer or immediate ·supervisor. . · 4.'. The time :c:Juring ·which an employee is·.inactive ·, t:,y reason of interruptions in· his·watk beyorid hjs . control shall be considered time worked.either if the imminence of. fhe re~_umption of work . . requires the·.employee's p_resen~e at the place · · 6f.wcirk or·if the ·interval is too brief to be utilized . . effectively and g'ainfuily: i'n the employee's 'owri · :, : inter.est ((RR_ 9f _thf} LAl?,OR CODE •. Book_ Ill, . ·. Rule I,. Seo: 4). · '
·Ge·neral rule: Regular· office h_ours sh~II be B:hours a day for 5
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Note: Ther~-- i~ ~othing· in the law which supports the contention that personneltrr hospltalsandclinics ·are entitled to a full weekly wage for seven days if they have completed the 40-houri five-day .workweek in~ Rules on Hours \/Voi'ked-any given workweek -(San Juan D"e·Dios Hospital 1· .. · Waiting Tinre· · Empioyees Assoc.~AFW v: NIJ~c;·G.f?. No. 126383, . . .: Considered. as hours worked if: (IRC} . November 28'. · 1997). . · · · a.. Waiting is an]otegral part of his work; · . .. .. · .b, ·-: T.he employee is ·BEiquired or engaged by Health personnel incl_udes resident physrci.a»ei~~.,. theemployer to wait;.or · . . . nurse~. 'nutritlohlsts. dieticians:. pharmac;:isJst5ocial ·ru· ~ : ~ "'--~c~":'=,)!/hen employee is required to rem?.in on workers, ·-' laboratory technicians;»: patant_qical 11 • ' -J. -~ll,in the employer's' premises or so close technicians,' psych.ologi~ts,: · ?1idw~y,~~terJ~a'.IJ!ii==·~ -( . ij(?~et~~,that he. cannot . ~se the _time·. ,
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. .. . .. .i.()- ·,t.V _I" . '11-» <¥lf" "'}!)"' \~ec.~~·']!-1_/\ . . . . Health personnel In · :9ove n~"n(f senilce ar.e · ~t L&~ l "\.q · \ . . · _ · . excluded ·from the coyerag~f-of Artt · B? 96 bf 1_0'"'\, Note: If ihe e~_pto~:e~s not required to remain on Labor Code. Their' eqiplb~'!9.-erif b.~n~fits"."""'"~:f . :t . ..,! emp~yer's \.)?~~~s but is ',mer~ly required. 'to 9(_)Verned by R.A. ~°-· ,7305 fdvla_g~a.Ca~a\ofPiJW.1~.J . c..:::r~.&V~y.,<jrd. at t:ii~ fjo~~. or· with company, offlclals, . Health \fVorkers.· . . '. ~ tl.,.q· . Ii\ .. &J·.W...[[f)Ji[ dller~ l;j'e may ~'*-lfe~shed, he is 'not considered··. ~. . . ; .\(4 ·"'-{f,· .. :-:·~;:;7~wor:kini/.~j,e 6n.callt/ffeR qf Labor:Code, Book II, ARTICLE 84: HOURS ~O~KER'"\f . ""'l,~V[Jliiie]f.~~'f3(b~~ _Hours ~orked_ ln.clu~~: (D~ts4i2q~ :{~~,;·,-~ . _ 1. _All time dtm~g_wt:uch.an.e~ploye· ·,s r~~J( 11.~ _ . ~~ - .,;iyCompensa~Jht}'. Wa1tmg T1!7le. __ .be:on .!,lutyor to be ;:it a.:P~~cnbe ·-l£'tot~°P,la'e~~~-J · .,, 2. .Alf time ~uring Which .ar:(e'mpl~yee is'~i;i!fe[~~,~1~ ·. permitted to_ work (/RR of.LA~~R cqpE,~~ .s1 . · Ill, ~-u!e; I, _Sec. _3); ' . . . . .. 3. B~_st: . peri;QQS.. 9f S,~C)lj ~!Jration -·~,u111;\1{,;'ocitin~. ~lt®ris':1 an ·. inte~r-al hp!:Jrs,. w~.1~h_ ~h.~lf;notbe r:nore _than:20 mmJ,1_tl:!S;~...,!;,,p.art"~ftl:iejpb; th(;l_ time. tim.e: . it. - 18 . and .(/RR of the LABO~ CODE, Bo.ok Ill,. Ruie1. · : spfmt . · waiting ·. · ·;s d5mpensab,le Sec. 7),.: ·-· · cb~p.ens.able··.-.· · · · ·
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-is required to give to' his employer, regardless-of . .- ···~h~tl')er .,.Qr· ·r{o(.such .. hb~fS-.,?~B spenf ·Oi_i,. · · productive-. labor. -or invoJve physicat or ·mef.ltal · ., ei<ertioh. .· . · ·.. · · · . · . 2 .. An employee need not le~ve.the prEfmises-o.f.the workpl.;i~e in ordElr.-that l:iis ·rest peri<;>d"shall.~.e· .. cpunted; it-o~!ng·~nough ·that he.stop_~ working,. may ·rest completely and ·. may leave. - . his·-' workplace, "fo go elsewh~re" whether 'within· or . ·· "out'sid~'the.·pre.~ises of his Wofkpla~e, · · 3. If th~ ·. .work perforrr1;id wai=i .n~ce$sary;. or it· ';. , benefited "the employer, or the emp}pyee COIJ!d . ·. not' a6and6n ... his work at. the' end of. his "normal working hou.rs be_cause he J1'iid. no replatei:!'ient,. all time spent fo·r such work sha'II be considered·
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·.e.g .. X: wo,rks . ,ii~ ·. a e.g·. WO°rks. as a QUS drivet; : His tcisk is to d_river·6f Victory. H.i~·route .drive· · · 'truck... · to is from'- · ··. Manila· . to ·. · ·Piun.panga _ to:.· load "Santiago, leavinff afs· ai'n . :gravel. While :gra\1\:lr i~i ·an~ ~rriving ~t 3·pm. He: i's .. . being,- loaded,'· he complet~Jy reii·e,/ed frt1m h:«:1 ,' played .. mahjong_. a~ ·duty. until ::9pm, whei') . the_n slept. The· time he again 'goe~ ·on duty for the · . spent . _playir'.Jg·_. and reh:ifn trip to. Mahila ... His· . sleeping -· · · · is . idie · . time··- · · is .': not . -compensable l)e·cause compensabt~· because' he . h~· is. ei:,g~ged 'to wait 'i1,· ·specificaily · ·reliev_ed tor.· :waiting · is . an from an duty: 'H°e is merely ' · integral·part o( his: jon. ·.. Waiiing to.be engage<;! . . . . ,
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·51_eeping"Time Whether sleepinp.tlrne allowed an employee will be considered as part of ·his working. time will 'depend upon the express or implied: agreement of the parties: In the absence-of an agreement, . itwill depend· upon thenature of the service and its relation.to the working time. a. Considered working tlme if steeping time isi. · Subject to serious interruption ci~ ii. . Jakes . ·placer .. under . - c_onditions· . · subs~°f;l!ltially. Jess deslrable. than would · . . be like.Jyto exist at the employee's home <··b .... NOt .considered.as' workirig .. flrner if there 1$ an .opportunity '. for' . comparatively: · uninterrupted. steep under: fairly desirable-· . : · condjtions (1 AZUCENA, supre.e! 232-233).. -'. · · · .. . . , . Note: S,IEleping time lscompensable.worklnq time if the . nature of · e,!:TIPIOye~·s· work allows sleeplnq without"lnterrtipting or prejudicing the performance ,ft ....../'~°?;I' ) ._ ·.· . _of his work (1 Poqu1z;-supra at.?30).. . -'.~/;;.-:)\
General Rule: · · Not compensable because it is a 'norrnar incident of . employment • · E-xc.eptions: .Where the worker is made .to: work on an ,emergency can and travel · is necessary . ·,n ··proceedi'ng to
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Considere'd as \Nork· . time when . it cuts across an employee's workday because it substitutes for the hours that · the employe"e should· ·have. been in . the
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workplace; Travel is done"through·· ·: · a conveyance .. provided· by .. the employer; · ' Travel ,. is done under ". the . · . . ('-'"" /£·... •,,\ _sup_e"riision . and 3". -Prellmlnary and Po~tl!minary Activities. l I~;:;:i~-·.. P.o~tl_lll)lnary·Actlvitla_s- afte~~~a( ~or~~) { ·ur:ider--vei:ci~.9\?>.an~ . · :.(e.g: overtime work) : . · {"/'· .. · . (;,,,q dangerou's,fj\~ · '"'I e wh· en: · · · -, . . .. : . · r-1;<J::,f..\. • · ,, '-, -·, r, i:i ~~ · · -Compsnsab . , p/ ,';,.· circurnstaF'c~ , · a... Con.trolle~ or_require~-~y~~¢oy!~\f~· · L.._ _ _,_:_· _.· ......£.. J.?--;;·1!--\.,i,>.,;.,· ..1..-_-,-..,_ ,...., b .. ·P,.re pursuei;l rtecessaril~jjnd--pr~~o~y _-foJ · (1 CHf!'Njsu1{~ 1-17-118). ·· .. ·· the. employer's benefi((.1,fiZ-UJi§C!A,~~pra~ · ~,J. . If _ -~ ·· \·. · . · · . at 2.31). . , . C( =P J.,,;,. \l>·,, 5. · Rt:>'~~r1_1,f:lti~~PJ1rl~ . ·. . --: ·. . · '<.,.. · ,;:;.;r-<'~( ~?._?\ t ,_. . DQE!.~l;!h,<;:~Ji:istructron No. 36 prov1d_es fo~ the Note: The 30-!llinute asser:ribly !i111l~i_:9,etic'i~_by t'],i foU9wing rufes: ·. . • . '_. · ··- . . . emplo.ye~s of the comP.any canno.£$,r cory~)dered . ~tr,.-r:-rr"la .. Brqwn~uts . 9f _short d~rat1on .. b~t. not . ~waiting tlme-" since. they· are.- aot sabje_i?lvto.the j •.1~t' !.~·;,;-~}:r,...,.~;:eedmg 20 minutes shall be t~eated a.s . ab~olute conti:ol ~t:th·e company ·aurir(~fhis: ~~f!~___,._~~~'-:~!:"-:.0,wotked . or ~ompensable hour~- Yfhether . . otherwise;"thefffailu-re to r~port.1~ i,,e a~~im~~time. . . • us~d pro_duc~1ye:'yby the emp!o¥ees C?f not would. justify __ tf!e compapy to· impos_e "'4!~~,!p.~na_ry b.. _.Brownquts runnm_gfor.r:1ore th.an 20 rr11r:il!te~ measlires,(Arica v, NtRC, GR: No:"78210, Fep_rµary_ . . ·· may; :~ot .. be treat~d a~ hours. _.worked . · 28, 19.89), · :. · · · · . pr~y1de.~ -~"Y-?f. the.·f:>110\NJOQ condrt1ons are ..
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Trav.el : that 'an keeps . an work.-which is -hot employee., in "employee- .· . .' "wor!< tlro~.'· . '. 'travel as. p_art. away. .' . from · · · . · . of.his,princip~1· ho.m~ . . "activity,.. . like. "ov~mig!'\t: ... ... .travel . from . . .· . . . jobsite · . to · jobsite.. di.Jrins_ the w~rkday. . fto{.ll: . .home:. "to· by .. · . .:.
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The· employees, : can· . .leave their. workplac~ or · go· : elsewh\;lre.· whether: .. ,n~ide: qr outside ,the· woFk premises; or ... ii. Tli~ . employees can use the . time · effectively.for their own interest.
··.fi.. · Seme~~al B~ea.k 6fTe._a·c~~rs . .
. · : Tlies.e· semestra.1 brea_ks are ·in th~ natu_re of ·· . · ·woi'.k· .·interr-up,ions · .beyonc;f·; the· employees'.· .' · controL .As · such, .the~e:· breaks · e::annot · be :con"side~ed as absences wit~in the meaning of the. law for whicl:t deductions rristY b~ m_a~e from monthly aJlowances '(University. of Pangasinan
Fficulty
Union v. · University of Pangasinan; G:R: ·, No. L-63122, February 20, "1984). ·
2019.SAN· SEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS I 41
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·LABO:R STANDARD·s. ·· SAN'BWA LAW f:ENTRALIZ_ED BAR OPERATIO~S - MEMORY-AID 2019 .. IF A I ME euw,-.w,106&6
Th~ "no work; no pay" principle does not apply. · · The petitioner's members receivedtheir regular salaries during this 'period, It is clear from the law that it contemplates a "no work'' situation where th~ employees voluntarily absent themselves. . P_etitioners; .in the case· at bar, certainly: do not, ad .. votuntetem, absent themselves . 9uring_ semestrat breaks. Rather,· they are constratned take mandatory leave from.work (Universityof . f.angtisinan Faculty: ··union. v. Unil(ersity 'ot Pangasinan, G.R. · No. L-63122,· February 2.0, . 1984):. : · .. . ·
ARTICLE.'85:
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~-E.AL PERIODS
Rules on-·Meal Periods . 1. , Shoul.d'not be· less than 60 minutes. It is· noncompensable except where during the so-called .rneat period. .the '·lab:orers are, required . to standby for emergency work, or said meal. hour . 'is.. not·· 6ne , of- complete . rest; sµc.h , period is considered ·overtime, (hours worked) (Pan American · : Wor(d ~ 14irways: System .v, Pen · Amertcen.F;;mployeQs Aseoctetion, G.R: No. L". · 16~75, February24.~1.$6.ft-· · . · ··2. . M,ay be)es.s than· P6· minutes; but .should not be 7-; Lecture~;:Meetings:_ahd Trainings'P.r~gr-ar'ns .. less ·than. 20· mmutes. an<;I the "shortened .. · Not counted as worki!19 time if A4L the follbwing · . mealtime: must be Witb full . pay, · under . the · conditionsare met: (OVN) . : . . . · ·. · , ·following. instances..' · · , .. · . ·. a. . Attendance 'is Qutsi9e· of the. employee's" . a: · Where the work js non-manual work in . regular working-hours;·.,, ;' nature or .. does. n6t 'involve. strenuous b. ·- Attendarice is in fact Y,otuntary; and . .....,.;:.._,,....=--=-<--- . . · phystcat.exertlon: . · · .· · · · · c. Em'ployee does li()t perform_..)myP'P.dfctive ~~~~VVIJ~r.e.the.establishmentregularly operates ~otk · during .such attend,anc:,r[~R ~ the ,, · 1 \1- ;.>;, ~~~ss·thar.i16 hours q.day; '. 'LABOR CODE, Book Ill, Rl!,,,P'l6S~ .~)~=--..,,.;.'cf lti ?-,. 1s_ :·an .&~ .. '.. -~roplczy~two\d:0therw1se·suffer; or-. agre:em~nt tor compe~sabil~W in th~ parties',. ,.. d:. Jvher~~f1'1or~ is necessary· to prevent ~~?U~~'R(?les (1 Pop~ ;~l:l{!ra_ ~---~eri~us'\le;:>~~.fperishable. goo~s. · · . b. ·Griev_ance· ...; ~e1;J169~...,:-~-9.e~erafi~. ,f..~~~sf perr~tlr.n~ (IRf; ir.·LABqR COfJE, f3~ok Ill,· when a boq~ fide unw~w·1p\olV\~~{ffi~ri, .If" ·t?Jf!jfJ)$ec._!i)-~c, # . .' . is a CBA, p0licy or i1raet1de~io·tti~-~~--~~,w':i'· . /~'Y_· )! "1fl . . (1AZ&CENA~ supra ~37) '%, ~~~~ f:\'.'..'.~~2f.t~ed:-fMe~I·_.· "3re.ik . upon , ~mployees' . c. -Hearitig,,Ar:bi(~ation,':foncil~on ~-c ~ql!,~lt_~. . . union'qrtig_ r~·J"\ _ ;rf~pr,prE:_.,~m~yr2tfu~st that .the1~ J!leal. period. be ~- ' ...·. ' employees. iA. hearings'\,or C91!mr1;t~~: .lf~~0)1~pl3a ~Jhqytt·iey Can leave. WO~k ·earli~r· than ·. before ~abo~ ~~bu~als qr co'oq~""~Sjl~'·'O~=_,.th~~4ftvr~~~f. . esta~lished schedule: . Such . co~p!arnts m~t11;1ted or filed by tl;!~Q.1 /l,,)~11.\~,e~·n:ie~ltir.ne... 1.s · n_ot compensable. (1 t~e,'.. ·en:iployer .,s n_ot c':',:npensabl?P"wo.~,i~J! _l.V H~~~5N'A; supra i:l.f 242}. · ·. · . . . .. · ·time. It 1s ha~dly.fa1r or Just-for.an employee~·-..""" · . . · · · · · . . ·. . . or l,;1 bore.r to f[ghL or litigat~ · against' his , Requisites: (NB~.:OOTA ). ; · . ·. - . . . : :, . . - employer ·on . the · employer's . J.P. ·1. :.. Work 'is !fat .physically ~treriuous, · ahd they are · .. Hf!ilbrorin-Co.. v.,. National .Labor Union,.G.R. . ... ·provic.fe.d.. withi adeq1,1ate -ppffee '!!'rea~s :in. the. · · . -Nq.. L-:51.2.1/ January 20,. :f953);'. . · .. . r.r)'orni.ng··and·attemoon;: .. : . : >' . . ·.. . · '.'. · ,.·. · ·· 2._' '(altie.o.f.benefi~.i~ _eqtJai ,<:>·the Qofopensation . ·9, Work·H~ors'.otSeainen.. . . · - , ·due them-: ..... · ·. · ·.. ·, ·· · · · · . . : Pre'senc~o·n :foa'rd for more )han 8 hours day .. No .Qfmi~~tion· i'n. the.- s~lary'. ar;d other' fri~g~ . · · is required' by;.the riature .of (l)eir service. ·The ·'· · ·. 'benefits·of the employees already:existing: , ·· . '·-. correct criterion .in determining whether or'.not 4 .. · .Qvenim:e pay will become-due' and:demandable" . .. . ~ailqrs . are· entitled .·fo .ove.r.time · _pay: is. n6t, · )f e.ver they ·ar~.- permitt~d q(.ma<;te ''to. work· . : therefore., whether,. they ~ere. on ,9.0ard ·a·nd 9eyond~:-~O pm:-. ·. · . . . , . . . .· . :. . c;mnot leave· the ship b~yond the "reiiular · 8 · · · 5. The arrangemen't!S ofierriporary;durati6n; a'nd. ·.w9rking tic;>Urs.a day, but w_tiether they.·a9tu~lly f$ ... .-1::mployees voluntarily· ~gree·wr.iting arid · rendered service in excess ·of said number of waive the overtime pay '(Drilon:Letter to Kodak hours · ·: ·(Natiopf!/ : S,hipyards arid · ..·-steer . Philfppines;.Nov.27, !989); · · ·· ·· Corporation . v.. CIR.'.. G.R .. · No: ····L-17068,>· . Note:.The :a-hour work perioq does not include the' December.30, 1~61). . · meal break. l\)owhere iri th~ lav(mi;Jy it:·be inferred tMt empl()yees must take their: meals within . {he
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Employees are not prohibited · from goi.ng out-of the premises as ·rang as· they return to their .. posts on· time (PH Airlines, Inc. v.. _.NLRG, ·
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Lunch Break from Paid to.unpald . t.'f. ' .·changll')g The in work. schedule does labor practice. The . right. to fi~. work ·
. .· Computation: "step·t:· Get the reglila·r wage.per hour Daily Wage 'divided by·nurribernf hours worked . P 800 + ~ hoµrs ;::;. P 100 · · ·
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schedules: of the employees r~~t,~.principalfy on their employer: Previously; the lunch breakperiod ..could- · be considered .as workinq.tirne because .the factcry ·employees ·were required to .work :if necessary and were paid accordingly for working. Wi~h- the· ne,;r . work schedule, the·emplpyeeS'<Jre·nciw giv'en·a oriehour lunch break withou! any interruption from their . employer, Siri.ce :fhe employees . are··'"!.<:> . Jongijr.. · required to work during this one-hour II.inch .break.. there is no more need. ior.the01 tobe compensated for .this.perlod (Sime Va(by Pilipim;is,trio .. v. NLRC · (2"" Division), ~.R. N9.· 11~205, AprilJt;; .1'9.98). ·. ·,-o·~ :
. Step 2: Compute· the NSD . . ·Farm'ula: (10% x regular:wage ·per h.our) x no.· of . ' hours· of work performed.' be'tween 1.d PM:... 6 AM) (1()% ~ p ..100; )(4 hours·=· P 40' · .
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-~.·.' ~R-r,q_E:~6= NIGHT~~H•~r o,~~e~~rt,~~ ·/1t;'.~~~}.·.: : · i. -. It is an addit1onal compen~~t,on !i notless..than l(!)'Yf\'.,.t.:~-1 Given 1.B: · · of an employee's regular: wage for ev~ry houfjo~~\,•.,·;~.. ;' ·, work done betw~el'.'). 10;00 J:>M and 6~0~A~f:;.d~-.
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whe_the.r ?r not s~c~ . p~ri?cf i~ '. ~~i;tj;:'Cl~. fhe ;,~' !j .worker.s regular shift. · 0:-7'
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. .mp 1 oyees O ·re .. I an serx~~ e;; 13... !~. me ,,l :' :regularly empl.oymg ·nof. mor!;:Jt~s,,wqrkeri5 · f'f · ., · _ · · ·· f.; (IRR of the:LABOR .C9DE,. Boo~//,,, Ri!l~}/JSe"c. ·: t;~:,52.7 ~. B ,hours- If' 65, 875 ~t · . ·. . Ii:'-' /'J' . 1 ~·;l·-,,..,.t:;r. . 1,b,') .,. :; · . . · ·,.1 .. )i;Stg~Gempute.theNSD °'.. . ,,t. .. . ,, r..,..-_,......· ('l.,r<':'_../'·,.,,~;:x;,.;..-u . ;,\· . . . . . . .., 'f. . . . ., ... . . ., ·:' ... ·w.~,, . . :/{!,..,-'-_''.~ . i-qrm~la:(ro~ x. r-eg_ular wage' pet !)oµr): ~ ~o. of : ~ . . ,N'?t~: T~e.,...c<:>~.··~~a~I ._ n. ot be 1pc1~~ed /ly '"_th~ . J;i~tir~,of v..corlq:ie.rformi:?dbetween 1 O P~fl?I'. . . 6 Arvtr : t . computa~on o( ri1ght ~'11ft pay (2Q19 ..Ha'Q
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. NSD:no·t:.Waiv~bl.~::. .·. . _. .. . . ·"' · . : ... ,. 'Additi.or.ial .cbmpensation. for·· nighttirrie · ~~rk !~ :: · 'fol!nde.d on puqlic..P.o.licy (Mercury'Dru.fi.v.. Daya~; , G.R. No. L-3Q452, -September~o. 1982kThus,NS.D · is.not walva.ble excepffor . higher . : and bigger.b'en:ems. . .
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Saniple lll1.1stratlons. 1.. wmi:oui 9.vertirne . . . . ((10% ·x regular w.aQ.13per hou~) x no: of.hour~ of Vo(OJ:.k perfor~ed be~eerj fO PM ~ 6 AM].
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'wtth Overtime · · ,,, · . . . · · [('1°0% x OT wage p~r liour). x 'i:io. o! houn{~f wor~ • performed betwee):i_.10 PM.-'- 6 AM) · · · . · · 0
Given,.2:A: P800 8:00 AM- 5:oo·pfiA· •..
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. Step 4: Compu'te·theN$D. · . . . : [(10% x OT wage·perhour) x no. of-hours of work performed between 10 pm-6 am]" (10% P 82.344) 2·hotirs = .P 16.47
·Computation: . . ~ Get'regular waqe per hour· Daily Wage·diliided by number of hours worked ~P. 800 + 8hts.· '? p:100. . ·.
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. Step 2: Compute .the OJ P~y· ~etw~~n· 5:00 PM:12:00 MN. . . . . . ((25% ~- regular wage, per hour) +: reguiar.wage per hour :x no. of CT hours . · · . . .: .. . . ·
P.125 ', ·7 hours
(201!YHafldli90/(or(Workers' Statutory Mone.fa'ry' , · ·· Benetlts, pp._43~24) .: ; · · ·
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· Step '2: G.et ·r~g~l~r·.~ag·e. per' t1o~r . . . '. .. Daily Wage dlvlded.by number of hours worked - .P 527'+ 8 hrs= P;65.875 .· : ... · .· .
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·. ,: Reason: Th~·e·mp:loye~ li9.iv.en'OT,'paY.~C~use.he . .. is' made .to work·longer :u:i~ii what lscommensurata ,_ with his agreed.cornpens~tion for-the'statutotilyfixed . or voluntarily-~greed hours of labor tie. is supposed · -to do (PNB ·v. PEMA, . G:R:- No:. L~30279, ..fuly 30; ··1982).: . . . .
.Oy~rti~e.·P~y v •. P~E!mi'!h'i i:>.ay. Additional compensation :Additional compensation. for . work .." performed required by law for:work .. beyond 8 hours a day .] performed withil)·8 hours . · Ev~ry employee-who is on non-working .days, entitled to' premium pay 'such as rest' days, and is like~i_:3e entitled to th~ regular . and. · 'special benefit of 9yertime pay. holidays .. · . (CHAN, supra a.'t 119).
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LA·B.OR·STANDARDS·· ·
·-······
· . ·SAN BEDi LAW CENTRALIZEDBAR 'OPERATIONS- MEMORYAID 2079.
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Basis for ~omputatlon of O.vertlme Pay Regular basic wag_e includes cash wage only ·witpout · any deduction on ·account of facilitie~ · provided by the employer (LABOR CODE, Art. 90): · t:Jote: "!,'h~ Cost-of-Llvinq: Allowance (COLA) sha·II notbeincluded-ln the computatjon:of overtime· pay (2019 Hentibook on .. ·Workers' Statutoiy Mon·e.tary Benefits, p. 20): · .. · · . . . .
'
.Requisites for \(alidity: 1. · Clear: writter:i · ~greernent knowingly and freely entered into by employ~e: and . · . 2. ly1athem~ticai rErsult shows that agreed 'legal wage rate· ahd. tne o'vectime pay, computed _separc;!tely, are ·equal to or high·er-. than . the' 'separate amo.Lint~ legally d_ue (Ibid).· · Note: Wher~ theperlod of normal.workinq hours · per day was increased to 12 hours, the employer. remains liable :tor· whatever deficiency in . the amount for overtime work in excess of-the first B hours, . after re-computation . snows .such deflclency (PAL Employees Savir:igs and Loan
r
Rates : . . . 1. . Ov.ert_lflleW.o.rk on Regular Wo°rk ·o·ay . · The. employee is paid for the overtime work an . additional eompensatich, · equivalent to . hls re:gular wage plus at least 25% .thereof (LABOR Associc1tiori, Jnc. v,. NLRC, GR.: No.· 105963, . qooE, M. 87). ·. . ..·. . . . ·. : ·c · . . '.' . ." • August 22,·.1.996). ·. . .. · ' · 2, .. Overtime Work. ~>n. Special Holiday or Rest .. ., · · · ·. Day •. . · · :· Wahler of Overtime·Pay · ... Ovet1ime V.:ork p~iform.e~ on a· special holiday.or . _Gefieral Rule: Overtime pay cannot . be -~a.iv~d . : rest .d~y not falling on, a .regular .holid~y,-shall be. -,;-1:... . expresstyor,impliedly. 'An_y contrary stipulatlon is null . · '. paid. anadditional ~ompe~sation equ_ivalent1 arid. void, as it -ls intended to beneftr.laborers and .· . · · . the rate.of the first 8 hours on that day plu~~ ~tf'::.,·.1· .·~ employees, (1.~CUZE,NA, supre at 262);' · '. teast 30% tbereof (LABOR .COOE:r. Art .. 87). l;f;/'::.""".:~ . , · · : .- . . ·: . '. ': '. . . ·\j. ;,:·_.;. .,._. ··., . Exceptions: . . . . . . : Erilp!oy.ee _a_nd. employer m~y .stipulate ~j.~err,//,:;;E!J?».',ti~n. J~~'-Wal~":r is mad~Hn consideration of SBA the payment for overtime ~~,Jtt"rates:i!Ji~ ~eBklil~-~'Sldprivlteqes w~1.ch may_be mo~e than . higher than those provid~.d q'S{t,;fa~.: (2019.t)~ . ,:· what wiM,i·~~crtre...to them. in overtime pay. (Id.); .Handbook on: Workers'.. Statuttffi'J').;/yTorieta!{y,,--:"l', · and : j/ ~ · · . . .. · Be_nefits, p, 2·1.). . · . · j. £ ti,:...~ · {:{ 2. Co!l1.Pi3s eQiWOF.k-week.-(DOLE_/.\dvisor:y Np; 2~ttS:11' · "~-\ · · 04),.j fi l . · ...... Con~it~o.n.~to _l?e entitled to;~ye,rtlm.~.~~y· .'~ j( 1'. : Entitlement to overt(me~~,pays::mlj,§1.'.<,"first~~ .. · ';1 Qu1t~~.~-n;').,l;n·.,.~-~!~t.•,n r~t. "day~.. ·~nd holidays, .written petitioner .to reliev~ himself from the consequences . author[fy:after offiGe.tfours 'is required for entitlement . of bis ·act, w.h.e'n his: knowledge .and ·und.erstanding · . ~o. coin'p·en'sation. (G/Gbal incorporated·i.r. · Aiienla, thereof. is expec.ted (Aujer:"f:~.v. Phil.. Com,:nunica,tfo'ns· . G.R:.No.··L-,5,1{)12-f3, July ~2; 1J)86): . ··: .. ,. . S~tellite Corp, q.R: No. 193484, January18,' 2012):. N.ote:· A Y.er~al in~tructi~n··.to i~ndef over.ti~e· ·wor.k . Note: Empl<;>yees:'wtiose.'P~Sitions. ar~ ~cl~sslfi~d prevai.ls pver ~ memorandu.in pr6hibitliig.$UCh, wo.rk from:· rank-and-file to sui:>.ervisory los~ o\,ertlme.'pay (({..L: Ammen Trahsportation.'Co.v. 15orja, G:R. 'No. . an9. -Other .~en~fits under. Arts.. 82-,96.. Promotion · . L-1.7750, August 31, 1$!62). : . · ·.. . .. . .. prqch,1ces the::.saqie effect.,.But the. p·rarnotion and position reclassific·a.liqnmijst ·be. done. in goQ.d fai!h:'· . Overti°'e. Pay· Integrated , ..in th~ Basic .Sala'ry . Th~ _pers~r1nel movemen~ sh quid not' be intended· to . · ("~uilt /h".Overtime Pay). . ·· :· · . . ·circumvent. the law to·. deprive· emptoyees': of the . The· stipulation .between ei:nployer' and employee· . benefits they used ·to receive (Productivity_incentives that. the latte(s regplar QF° ba$iC ·Salary already. Act pf.1990, R.A. Net 6971): ·. . . . . . .. inclydes tb.e overWne.pay is not per se illegal~ This is also .call.ed .composite or package pay or all. inch.,1shfe salary· (1 AZUCENA,: supr;a a(263). · ..
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LABOR STANDAR-DS SAN 8.EDA UW CENTRALl.~ED BAR OPER~Tt.ONS - MEMORY AID,2019
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.Chines~ Overtlmeaqainst Puplic f:>olicy · ·ch,iryese overtime is a system pf overtime payment in which salaried ·employee's regular .rate . is · calculatedby dividing his· salary by the. total number . of .. hours he works •. Thus; the: g.reater. number of· hours, .the lower rate· of pay per h~ur,(CCH/, Labor" law Course, 303)-;.uod_ulY. reducing. the··: take home · pay of the. employee. · This. economic practice Is · prohibited by-law (1' POQUJZ, supra at 238). · · .. · . t
.
· Gomputatlon:
.
.Minimum'Wage· minus 96LA .: P 537-_ P 10. =·P.527 .
. . Step 2:_ Get regular wag'e per hour
. . · Dally Wi).ge· divided by number of hours worked ··~·527 + 8 hours=P 65.875 · Step· 3: -C'o;,,pute the OT Pay between s.oo PM ~. · 10:00 Pt-" .. . · ... · · [(25% x regu,ar Wage pe,r hour) + (regular wage per ~~ no.. ofOT hours] · . .. . . . . hour) . ·. . . . · . ·.
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Step 1.: Deduct the COLA
~. '·
Sample l_lltistra_tlons 1. Regular Wo.r:kdays · (Re~~la"r,.b~si~wag_~+ 2.5% . .
t+
of reqular , . basic v,:a~e}
~ 82.34 · 5 hours
P411.72.
8:QO Afy1,.;: 5:0t'.>'RM .. (lncluslve of 1: hour meal ~_rea~) · ·· '· · :
-s:·o·o.PM.-· 10:00-PM
.June ·1:2.· .• . . (Independence Day)
..
'
p_53·(_:: 8:00 AM:... 5:0.0f'>M · : · .. (incli.J~ive•of
bre!al<)· .
.: c~~~u~tio~; ~~- . . . . Btei{1~ ttotirly wage rats .·· Dai°ly· Basic Wage·- dlvitfecf by number :of 'hours ·wor,k~d:_multipfi~'d QY .r~gular, ·holiday wa.ge rate · ' '.. ·(1?800 ,•+ 8 .h9Ur$)-.x. . -200'fo . ..'.;i, P2QO · .: . . .
~et
·P·1 ·425:-' . . . ,. ·: .. ·.
1 · hour meal . .
~t~p 2: Compute wag~. be~~e~ 8:00AM --5:00PM: . · usirig .hollday ·wag~ rate. . . . · · · · ·. · · 8 h_opr.~x ·p206 ,=. P1;600 . . · . :- .· . . ' . Step 3: Compute OT Pr.e~i~m ~a~ b~iween -5:00 _pm-10~00 pm· · . . . . . . . . · ((-30% · x Wage per bour) ·"" W.age .per hour]- x no. of 9! hours · · · · ·
46 I 201!3 SAN.SEDA.LAW CENTRALIZEO BAR OPERATIONS
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LAB·O.R ST AN DA RDS
SAN BED!!;.w.!7:::z:=Rc;:~~:;~::.::::nRY;'~:;; P260
5 hours: .f 1,300
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(2019. Handbook on. Workers' Statutory· ~onet~ry· Benefits, p. 21). · 3:
Rest Daysor
Speeial Holidays·
· [Restday orspecial holldaywaqe rate (1_30%).+ 30% of-rest day or special holii;:lay:wage rate} Given 3.A:
8.:oo:AM:.... 5:00 PM . (inpJ.usive .. of · one hour
meal break)
·.
.
5:00'PM'i: 10:00.PM June 24 · .·. . . (Manila· Day -~· .. Special Holiday) ·
-,
,_.~·
f> 845 ~tep 4:· CO(T1pLite the: total: wag_e. eernea,
·'
5 hours, · ·.
P.85~.40· ...
"Give)1 No. 3.B:
p.537
ea,j,e"d . P 1,054 .' .·
. Step 5: -~o°,r,pute-,th~ tota/.war1_e
.8:00AM ·-.5:00PM. (incluslve qf 1 '_riour bre.ak) · · ··
rnial ·
s.oo PM.-· 1 o.oo PM· ·
P856.40
J~ne24. · (Manila Day ~ $pecial Holiday)
i> 1-,910.40
2019.SAN BEQA
LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS I
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LABOR STANDARDS
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SAN. SEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OP~RATIO_NS -.Jl,~ORY AID 2019
. '~1'11Jl~--.Blliillllil!ll!1mmaatt19111PIIIMIIIIM• •i!il:&Pll:llwt-WIIIIIIEFi!.1-ll!:MSlDPMlll --_·IIAll!ti .. Hlll!lllrm-mmzm11 l!SMIIW!!I 11:mD1110111&Httim:tm•11111111Z .Pl!!~·-!.lfMm-1;11 .... ~:l!Jll!'.J·J~. 2t!t'!l!1
Computation: Step 1':. Deduct the COLA. · _Mi.nimum Wage minus COLA P-53.7- 10 = P 527
Computation: . Step 1: ·Get_hou'rty r,,age rate
Step 2· Get hourly wage rate . Daily Basic Wag~ · divided by number of hours worked rryi:Jltlplied. by speclalhcliday wage·rate. (F'.527 .... B hours) x.130% =_PBS,.64 · . Ste~ 3: Co~·put.e.·wage between ·8~00. etm-5:00 pm . using special holiday :,vage rate · 8 hrs. i< P85,64.:;: P685..10· · ·
or
Premium Pay between ·5:00 pm~10:0Q pm · · · :. : . · •.· · · '[(30% x. h9liday wag~ pEfr°hour) +holiday.wage 'per . hour]' x. no. of. OT. hours ... . . .. . . St;p 4::C~~pute
Daily Basic v\'age dJvided by number of hours s special holiday wage rate. . . (PBOO ~,8 hOtfrS).~··1?0% P1·50 . . Step 2: Compute wage'·be!tween 8:00 .aro,,..S:00 pm .: using specfal holiday iNage··rate . . -8 hours .x· p.150 ':" P1,200. · ·· .. : · worked muitipli~d by rest day
=
· Step 3: Compute OT Pre~ium Pay between 5:00
pro-1'6:00
i:>m....
.
·· .
: · . .· .
. [(30% -~ holiday.i,v_atie'per hour) + hollday.waqeper hour) x no. . .. ·of..OT:bours . . .... . . . . . . ·. ~ . .. · . . :
.
5·hOL!fS
'p'1;~00 P975
.·f> 2·,175 .. ·. · -P537
8:00
AM .::.-5:00,PM
·.
'(iriclusive·of-1 hour meal break)
·
5:00:·PM--10:00 PM .June:6 ·... · .. ·, '(Araw ng Caloocan ·.; special. holiday · · · coincid_ing w/ . employee's. scheduled rest day) · ··
.&:90
At0·:"- 5:0P'P.M. : ·. (~11clusive p( 1 ;fiour. meal
break).· .. ·. :
.
·5:00.PM.,..: 10:00_-PM. ···
June6-.··
.
apectal 1:i:pliday .> ., · c.~incidirtg wi . employee's scheduled" · · ·
·
2:
G~t .ho~ri~.~~~-e rate:" _·· ' . .. . Daily Basic Wage divided by number of hours worked rri.u_ltiplied·.by.rest"day & spacial. holiday.. wage· rate. .... . · . · · ,...;- · · · · · · . -JP527+ '8 hours) ·x_ 150% -~-P98.81· · ·
. . . ~tep
. (Araw ng 'Caloocan -
rest day),
· .... ·. ·. · ... Computation :· ... Steri 1: Deduct the CO~· Minill'.lum Wage.minu~ COLA .P-537'- 10-= P,s~t : .
'Step-3: Compute Wag·e.betwee!') 8:00 am--:5:00pm using· special holiday wa,ge, rate . . . . ·.: . 8 'hours-x P98. 81 =.P790.50 · · ·
LABOR STA·N-DARDS .
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SAi-i BEDA LAW CENTRAU?E:f! BAR OY.6,RATIONS- Mf.MORY AID 2019 · · . . . . iifNMffi&H ,w;w, M&2A§SiMW2ESBW a-u:wwwrlh.rr ~~-..:'l!a\!i~
·ute th~ tota/wa e eained 'P 2,080
Step 4i- Compute OT Pre.mlumPay between ·5:00 . prri-10:00·pm. : · .· · · . [{30% x tioliday wage· per hour) + .holiday wage per houri x no.· of OT h'our~. . .
...
f> 128.4~
:
5 hours Given 5.B:
.P 6.42,2-7
P.537
8:00 A.M - 5:00 PM . · {lnclusiye 'ot · 1 hc;i.ur. rrieai br~?)k).
·
.5.:00 PM -:- ·.1 O:O'o. Pt.ll May·1
. .
.
(tabor Day ~ leg~l holiday . coinciding w/ em'ployee's (2019· Handbook on Workers'Statutory }1onelary. . · ?;): ,;'{. se;;he'duled rest ~_ay) · Benefits,-p.,-?,1). . . -. ··: · .- .· ·/·\/y;Jt( ·. . .. p-~- ,, t..,A . . . -, . . . 5:· · Schedule_d Res~ bay w_hlch: ls Als.o, a Computation: · · . · ·· . or'Reqular H_oliday · · . .. ... _\i "<1;; S~~@ 1: ped~ct th~ COLA · (Rest day.& legal holiday wage rate + 30% o,~ f ,:.: ':.z,;p¥,1.mgi~';1 Vyqge minus COLA .. rest d~y & legal hohday wa'ge_ra~e:{2f;l.f?t1-)f.: ;J~PTi~:-P~53~~~[Q'.:;';.~~527 _.· . ·. .• . · · · ·· .,,Y:: ;; · 't td · ~-A · . · Given 5.A: · . . ·. ..' · · · (;/"' ,, · . <1.,:;::_:;-.1 ·step.2: Get,fi~~rlywage rate. ·· ·. : •, .•· P BOO.ff>{!J~.:,J' -,!' _Daily Basi( 1f!~ge_ divided by ou~ber. 9f. hours. . '8:00 A~5:00'fit·U~_b;· _ _ . tili . worked. wtit,~hecf~fy rest day ;& legal holiday wage (inclu'sl~erof"tr-iJ<>Li'meal ~ · 1.!). rate. 'I: brea'(<,}/l·,=""~~)7~-· · t~ (P527_·1',~:~.9~r~).,.~Vz~Q%=:P171.2~ ·. . .; .·... . . .-.if·' . . ,':::J'· · . ,.:-(: Step 3,,~9.!J11?9N~·;Y.,age between 8.00. ,am-5.00. pm 5:0_0 P~~O:O"':~M -: \ ... rJ·. µsing t,olidaywa-gerate., . . 1 May 1. . k. _.! 8 hours x P171.28 = Pt,370;20 .· .· (~~b°.r _D~y.:,. !~g~I )'t!j>IJ.~ay._ , . cornc,dmg w/\~m~yee'& · :_,.··lf,,;\'"C!• . ·: . · . . . · scheduledrest day·) ,,,-:1;- ~~..u.!.::..._~p 1z:.e~p1:1te O'lPrernjum Pay between 5.!)0PM ... · · · ... ,,; . ·. kt., - 10:00 PM . . . . . ~..Ji,;11,:._Jf , ({30% X "holiday Wa!;je per hour) + hdl_iday W,age per . <;:qrrfputaJ.1011, .-,. .. : · ,':~;i! . . .. hour]'~.no. ofQT'hours. Step 1: (3et.fiourly wage rate. · \. .: · . . . . . . ,Daily_ ·sa~,i'G Wage divided .by. -number .of .hours -worked multiplied· byrest cfay '&: legal. holiday.wa·ge·· 'f>.222,66 I,
.
p.1;43~··77
L.~9~1{-(i: ,.;•;~) l>J 'f;,i.
r ·:·t/g/
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:
. ' · rate.
. : ·. . :
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. . ..
a ·. ~
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r-t-:'1.~r.. · · · · · !.Mr
. ', · .
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.(PBO(! + 8 hours) x: _260% = P2,60
Step. 2: co~pute viage 'b~tw~er-i-:8:bQ usi'ng'holiday wage rata.'. .. _8 h'ours x· f260 .
·= p2;oao . ~·. ~
. · ·. · .
·a~~s:09 p_m .
. . , .
Step· 3:" Comp.µte OT' Pr.emium Fay bew,,~e·n 5:00· pm-10:00 Jjm: .· · . _. ·' ·_. · ·. . ·· · · · · .. ·: [(30°(0·x holiday wage ·per hour).+ .hoiiday·wage pe·r · hour] x.no. . ~ of OT . hours· . · .. ' · ,·
. .·· . . Step 5: Compute. _t.ni/ totalw~ge earn,ed · . . . . . . . ..
.
·:
P: 1 ·,370.26' .
\
P338 (2019 Handbook on Worf{ers.'. Benefits;p.2.1). ·
~tatutory Mon~tary
• 201s-sAN BEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR C:>PERAi'1qNs
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· 6:. _Double Holi~ay . .. . . . [Double . holiday wage rate (300%) + 30% of . ;, Double holldeywaqerate]
5:QO PM ,-1Q:OO PM
Apr_il 9. . . (Araw ng Kaqitinqan & at the · same ·. time Good ,..Friday) · .. · . · ·.
the employee reported for work .durjnq double· regular h_oliday, _be ts entiU.ed to at least. 300%.·of hfs d.aily rate which is the total of 2QO% hoHday,pay plus 100"/o,of the daily rate (Manva/ . ·· on Labor Standards,.(2004)). · ·Not~: If
p ati~·, .
· · · ·,
-Computation: Step -1: Deduct the COLA . Minimum Wage minus COLA P 537 - P10 = P-527 · . . : Step 2: Get hourly wag·e rate.' D<;1ity· Basic ·. Wage divided .. by. number· of ~ouri, ·. worked rnultiplied byrestday.S legal holiday .. wage 'rate. · · · - ·· · . ·· ·. . · :'{P527 hoµrs) x 300% ·s P_f.97.'63.
·.:.
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·a:ob,Aivf_:·5:'6o·PM liriclu~Lve:o{J hour
:< ."..
b~e~~) ..
. .. .
meal ,·
+,8
's.oo PM '""':' 1'0:00-·~M
"step·. 3: ."comp~je wage between ·8:00am-9:00 pm AJ?ril.~··. · .· .. ·. · .• . u~ing special holiday wage rate.i ; . · .... (Ara~ ng·Kc1gitir:igan:&;~ :,,;-,=c-..:.~a-..oours '>< P197.6~ ::::.:Pt;'581· · · . · ·. : . · .· · the · same, tim{fft1~6'"'ood 1ur - · 12, ~"""'-:,.___ . ·, . ·,_ . , .. · , · : . ; · · ., Friday) · · ti 1.st~p ~': .1;;.omp.ule. OT Premium Pay between 5:00
»: · ~\
. ~ 111 ..
t - t'
. ·=
·:
·
h. J_ ·- ,~Yr~qip_9lr.. ·/J. •
S~:0 ~~ cie~ohn~urly wage rate.·
. Daily Basic Wage. divided · w~rked m~ltiplfed by. re~t ~a''f s rate.. . . ,·· .f' ~ (PBQO. +. 8 hoyrs)_ ?< 3_~0%_ =
.'J/;,:s==~r&~~,:~~Qljday 'wa~e -~r ~our} +. doubl~ ~ er'·· ur =x no .. ~t°.T.hours ·. . hour[Sl . • ·P·256.92 . . leg~fho!1ty· wage-_ '--.......... _;..:...~'~..,.....c.......,-;..,i ~~f>·-~ ,,,.....,.~__.,,==;:1j:-":'=holida .
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Ste; Co~put~ _·w~ge. b~~~~rl ·~:CiOam:"~:00.~~\lI(: ·using spe~1a1 noirctay wage ·1x1~ ~ r~.,fL....t ;>-.-r:-....:. I} hours. >< :~3.00 ':'. P2,_400 .. \ f' f')\ . . "~~'\. ro,'/ . . .l .
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. Stea 3: Compute OT ·Premi~!TI Pay'{Jetw~q,'5::0"~ . , . · pm:..1 o:oo pm. · __ .· \'- · · \ . [(39% · X'"'~ou_bl':. holiday-wa_ge R'(lr ho\Jt}\t:·c{~~':'ffit,.T'i h9h~ay-wag~ p_er .hour] x_ n_o.. of·
~v~,J~>"
._.·,.~~\-~Ul:.;~
'P.;390::
-5 houri·.. . ·.. ,~~,·.· .
..
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;1'9'~Hflndbook~n Workets' Statutory..'M(?i1.e1ary . _Benefits,·p. 21).- · . · . .. ·. . . ., : -
'· .. . . · .ARTICLE· -88:· ·. UNDER.TIME .NOT · OF.FSET. BYOVERTiME'. •. . . . . .... Offsetting. o( ul'ldertime by '.civertime . .whe.th"er"on)he sam·~ or ahy oth~t da}i i~: prqhibited by-law (LABOR CODE', Art.. 88)... · - .. · ··... . . .,
. .· ... . •. . ·.;,_ .. ·.. . · Step 4: Compute th,ifolaf-y,(ag,e~ame_d . . .. . . ·. .;,''......,...:•'""-''-,;-----~---,-, .ft2,400··
P1;~sp;.
\
work
Give·n 6.B: PM
(inclus1ve of 1 tiour meal · break) ·
·' Re"a~on: -The urid_ertim~ hours· r.1;i°present -qnly ttie .·. e.mploye1:3•s . tiou'rly rate :of pay. while ·.the overtime .. hours reflect .bofli the _employei3'$:.hot.idyrate of pay . ·and the apptopriate overtime pi;emium.s_uch"th~t. rrot being ofe·qual value, offsetting the undert.ime hours ."against "the overtime hour&, would. result in uhdlie ·deprivation of the employee's :overtime· ·premium · \
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Pe~iss1ci.n· given ·to -the erripi~ye~ to go on reave on . some 'other :day of ttie we"ek:.shalt hot "ex~mpt. the .. · employer from paying _th¢. additional ·compensation· (LABOR C(>DE1· Art: 88)°; . . : . · , ... ; . .. . : ;
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· .(NWSA v. NWSA' Consolidated· Unions,· G.R. No. 18939, AugU~t31, 1964). method ~.-t· . The proper . . . ' -sflouid be . to . ~deduct . the
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und~rtrme from_the accrued leave, if' a!ly, put pay the {~ .:.,~mployee .ttie overtime pay to wh)ch he -is ent_iUed. ~ ··This ·ri'lethod also obviates. the irr~glllar schedule . {·:. t~at would resuit If. the' .overtime be .set oft'. · p . . . sho4Jd' . : ~;- · against the. undertlme for thaf would .pl~c~ . the .i.t, · schedule ··for worl(ing hQI.JrS dependent· ·.on the ·l_. . em.ploye~'(NWSA v, NWSA Co11so/iqated.Unions, . G..R. No. V1893B;·August 3_1, 15!64). ·· ·, . .
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ART-ICLE.,91: RIGHT TO A WEEKLY REST DAY ·Duration: · · Nbt le~ than ·twenty-four·· (24) · · consecutive hours. after .every six (6) consecutive norrrial work d~ys (Ul.BOR CODE, Arl. 91) .. . · Note: · All establishments and- .~'hterprjses may ··op~rafe' or open··. for,- busir19ss on Su1idc;1ys and : .holidays pjo.v~ded-that t!ie employees are, given the' w,eekly rei,t .day and thi:i' beneffts pr_ovided.under the • law:(JRR_ ofLABOR.CODE; Book. II/, 'Rule /JI, Sec. . 2). . , . . . . .
EllilERGeNcY °'~vERTIM E Ge·neral .Rule: ·Emplnyees cannot be c.oi:ripelled to render ·overtime. »'orK .against th~ir':wiif.'(1 . CHAN,.: supr.aat .,120).· · · ;rf; .
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WEEKLYR~siPERIOD
CHAPTER-II:' ~iiEkL
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·exceptions: (W2-PULP) . . -·· ·wh9·Determines,Weekly Rest Days . f 1. jn times. of : War o_r. any _national or. local_.,,;,.,..) The employer determines and. schedules the wee.kly · em:erg.ency :~-eclare_d by _the·. Cof')wess. or: rest period _subject t(? t_h~ following: . , .. Chief ~e~ut1ve; ·. .. : · . .·. · . . . . - (.;,-,,-{/t);~ 1: . Coliectlve barga1~1ng ~gr.eement; . · · . 2.. Whe_n. _,l' rs nec:ssary to ~v~rl ~f . f~v?r~~bf\ :.;.,_~ 2. Rules_ and requlations-lssued by the Secr.etary of · Weather or environmental ·· condltlons -wH,ri:e~\.{°;,,,:"_.....~Labor~.a_n..9.. · '. . · . p~_rfotrr:iante or quality 'of work ls' de~Jnde"U;1:Wir;~r~.~W.J?l~1~~!s preference b~sed. on r~ligious _. sl,: '. thereon; ·· : · . . · . '.,,.~~ ·. ~J grounas-f0BOR CODE, Act. 91 (bj). . · . ~ . 3. When_ work is necessary to·preseij'r~_eerishablfY-.-,;:-,., · '. . · · · lfQ{'t · · . . ~·· g~o_ds;. ·. ·. · . . .. : · · . ·.~':;.ff:-· . E-!Y The ~WP}px~r shall· r~spee;t. the preference of ft. · 4 .. Whe.r:i there rs Y,rgent work-neeg~~r.ri~ll:lfrne~. t:1.. emplc~ye~p .1f_to therr .weekly rest .. ~ay ~hen f : and equipment; .: :. ;;.:.;;;, . ·, -!'~ ·. ~. · s.uc~pre~fren~~ is based on religious grouods 5. To prevent bo.ss or.·damfl'9,e. .._to life1to~ -property~_. "~ (LA,t;10R-tOD~lArt. 91(b)). . , f.:· · · due to emergencies:and'f~0emaJe~'111d~.....: .· r,'f · ';:;l"·~;.;.;.:~7~;;';,:."?.::'· · . · · · · f~ . 6 .. :r~i 'pre~ent serious -6~s.truGtii:m qr,.:~..:~tud1ce~~ _: ,-::) ... _No°'(~,i~H~ preterence .:.Vu1 prejudice t~e. Ii:.· : the busmess:ornperat1ons·ofil'I~:..~Jtir:ilqy.er (!R}t business operations-of the. employer _ahd no · pf·tht:: LABOR'CODE, Book:/_//~'Ryle 11 S~~- 1(1): ·· · \),••,·:-~oth.~r r.eme~iat····rr:itiaswe~ are ~vailabl~. the ,1,~~~t·"~\»1~,~!!Y.~e~t perio.d ":c3Y: ~e. s.chedulE:d to"meet. if' _Not~:. In tl:)e ~vent tha~ any -?f fhe e1~t'Limsta~~·-.-·....:,u:.~the!L"ecr¥.IQ_Y~e·schoice. for' a~ lea.i;t .2 days·: a . .,, . e!)1,1me~ated /n .t~e laVI e~1~ts. :,an~th_etoc~er. ·... moi;i_th(l~R .of LABOR. CODE, Book Ill; Rule Ill, ·. · ; ·refuses ~o perform _em:ergency.. oy_e~~eBVork; _· . Ses. 1): -· gl ~the empl'oyer . may· validly · · terminate· his . . . : · · .,.. , (i·. · ~mploymi,lr-it bi'l·th~'grbui'ld ofJns.ubord,naJion,_or : : .· °ARtlC-t,E:9~: WH.eN :EMPl:.OYER M~Y:REQUiR~ yvillful disobetlience ·by ·the 'em~Joyee. of. ·!he~. ... -WORK ONiREST DAY · ·.. '.lawful· Order·of his employer in connection with . 'G.eneral 'Rillil:'0The· employer' m~y nqt re~~ir~ ttie ···. . his work ·provjded .undet'..Art. 288 qf the Labor, .. _. ·.. · em'ployees'· to w..ork ·on ~ rest d~y (/RR of LAf30R . ~1. · ·· Cbde.(1 CHAN, supra.af121):· . · · · · · · CODE,-~kJ/1;f?u/a'III, Sec.: 6;par._'.1).. ·
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. :_ · . . . : ·. _;. ,ARTICLE-'90, ·.cOMP.OTATION oi= ADPmONAL · . .- .. ~c;ept_j6n.s:..(UP-A2NAC)-: ·. f.. In cas.~s of Y,rgent work·to be:performed on the . co~PENSATIO_N - :_ · .. .,:. ·.. _ . . . . ... niachine_ry; equipment, or' ir1$tallatiori; .. , .. R~gu!'ar-Wage sl;l,;ill include cash. wage only; without ~- t.of.reventloss'.or d_amag~ to perjsh.atile goods; .. a·edu.ctio'n·oh 'account. of- faciiltie's. provicfed ·by ..the: . 3 .. lrt ·.~se q_( ~ctual ·W: im'pe_ndirig ·emergen·cies eniploye,r; :fod~urpo~es of comp_uting'OT and other. . . caused by force rr,afeur~_to.'pre\lenf loss 'of life_ .· additionaf remurierations . ',in Chapter I ·(LABOR arid pr:oi:ie~. :or :'imminent dan9~r.· 10· public ·. d'OD,E,·A,:t. 9.0). .' . ' . ' -safety;·. · ·. . .. · . ·4_ When· it is necessary . to -Avail of favorable . N~te: This proxisiOn.sh~u!d be_-cl.~~·fl~dor n,.odifie(!. . weath~r di-· environmental .-c;ondition~. ·.:.vhere. . Th~ "regular.wage" Includes fhe- cash Wage plus the p~rformc;1n·ce or quality' of W'?'rk is . dependent : value of facilities. Regular :wage fs Uierefore bigger thereon·· · · ·, : \h~n cash Wage, Th.a O_T rat!:3 should ·be. based on_ 5 .... Where \tie -·~atute. · of ·. the work· :-requires· , the regular wage.~ cast:i. plus valY.e .o{ ·fi'lcil)ties ), f)Ot . continuous operat_io'ns and' the stoppage of wo.rk · on the. cash W'.3ge only (1 .Azl..!r:;ena,-p. 224).· · . . . : ... ~ .· . . . .. . .
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CENTRAUZED BAR.OP.ERATIONS .2019 . SAN . . .SEDA.LAW . . . .
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LA.BOR STANl~J.Aft()S._ 'SAN BEOA 0WC£NTRALIZEO.BAR OPERATIONS.- MEMORY AID 2019
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ln the event of Abnormal 'pressure of work due to special pircurn.stances, wh.ere the employer ·. cannot ordinarily be expected. to resort to other measures: and . . . ·.. . . 7. Under. other ~ircurristaft"ces analogous .to the foregoing' as determined: by. the Secretary of . Labor (/Rf? qf LABOR CODE;· Book ~II, Rule /~/, ' Sec. ·q,· par,-1). · · · · · . .· ) . . Note: The failure to work ·du~ing an-employee's rest :". day does not ·Justify the -cJiscipl_iriary sancfion bf · outright dismlssal _from employmentas 'such- is so·. severe a -consequence, more so -wheA :ju_stif!~bie .. gmunds exist .far· . the : said. , failure · _:(R_emerco . . Gi'!iments Manufacturing v.. Minister:' of L'E!por & employment, G.8, Nos. L-5_6176-77, February 28, · · 19!35). . . ..... · .. - _·.
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CHAPTER HOLIDAYS, SERVICE. INCENTIVE. ·. LEAVES; AND. SERVICE CHARGES ·.
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. ARTICL:.E.94: RIGHT TO H()LIDAY.PAY Hofid·ay -Pay refers to "the payment qf the · regLJlar
daily wage for any unworke.cj regular holiday (20.19 . Handb°ookon Wqrker.s' StatutoryMonetary.~et:tefits, . p. 1.2)_: . . ' . ' ·. Note;·1n addition to the excepnons.proetded in Art: · si; Holiday" Pay does. not. apply to. employees '.of retail' and · service establishments re_gulariy . _employing less than 10 .workers (/RR of LABOR CODE, Book Ill, Rate IV,. Sec. _1).. ·. · .. · ·
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·Re°ii)ren;To prevent diminution of the ·monthly , When an employee-vonmteers to_ WO_!..)s,.:ffn h\~{est. J~t<1:Jhe-· workers. on · account o_f ·. wo~k . day under other ctrcurnstances, he :ma}(l5e:,a!io~~~....:o....-=JD,te~pt1~n~· r~other words, althouqh. the worker rs . to do so, provlded Ile· expre,ss~i".,,suci\,apii'Ei' in . f~~d.Stiould earn, writing a_.nd __he Is 'pald ~he addiJ;i6~at·'-.. '!J;iP':ns..ation......~~at~;_h1s~1!i_d~Y,;R£lY (JoseRizaf~olle_ge v, NLRC for working on hisrestday (1$.~,--A~O~ODli,.. ~,pd L-65482, December 1, Book /II, Rule ·111, see: 6, par. 1.~). _·._, · _'.,{' '. H ... · .Ir'· 1(9.87): l .\,tl · · \ . · · · . : · · .. · ·
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-~~TICLE ?3: COMPE~SAJ1Qlf:F6R R~~ro, ·• . _J:-tist..:.of~eQUlar\tI~:!i~1l~S ~~o. 292 as a_;,,endecf by . -: SUNDAY,()~ HOtJDAY.wpifK....-H- · : .- .., \.-··--~~---~ tc-:R~f?49'2,.. 1r·=-- M :- , ·: . · . · · .. :"· ... _Wtiere" arfem_ployEre is.h,a~e~~-11.nitte_d tqwork~~·o Ne1Ye~r's·fP'.EIY~JA3nuary 1; .. ·. . . . . . a .r~~~ day,· su_nday:--·ar- a}fo~iQ.~ ;·}t'f~llo"'!ilJ~~-t:'2. _M~ei~ifhtJ~daY:"1/m·ovable~date;··. ··.· ' a~d1t10.n,;1I Gor.np-ensati_on sh-:1!11~ ·!fh \fW f ~~· :,;1tOffidat:"'.'~~e-V~b!e date; · · . · · · .. . . . . · . '<'f,' ·. '\.:'. it,'17.:, F,tf&' g Kjg1tmga - Monday.nearest"April 9; Premium- Pay on R~s~ DayfiSunda\(or _ruwa· ,,1£1.:...;;; . ~17/_,(~-r .0-..\'1: ~-atig;;(a_l.Heroel Dc:i~ ~ Last Mond~y of ~ugust; .. Work on_ :-a···:'schec!l,,iled. ·30%·~n~uj~i;p"i;va,g~,.2 . 1.bi'I ~~!Yfa~,~~?.Mond~.Y neare.st.Nover_nbet:30~ resrctay · ·. . · . '. · · ,-.;e_1~ ... ·."P--.:-==""'~·- ·q~:tr§;ttn~JA:Jay:pe~~mber25; .. · .. :. ·. ·· · • · · . · . . · . . .•.;.,_ · . • . 'i\: fl J~~~~t~-.i~p.ay.-:f\:1onday.neare~!Pecember30; ·,· No regurar ,workdays ·30% ot regulijr Wa~ or . · l\, i.Ll'ft-.':r·Gid'('l=itr - movable date·. · · ,. · and 00 ·specific r~st days ~~rk-_ ·.. 'peni;rrmett·.:.~()Ii'."""':=~~ff.~Eic:f!/. Adha' .- movable ate . (E.0. -292 -as .. . . ·· ·: ·: . . . · Sl!nda-ys ,and,·.hbfidays . · .. amended).·: . · . . . \ . . . . . ~. . .. , . . ,· . •;. Wprk on.Suridays wh.en_ ~0.%, Of·r§lgylar "".age.. . ~~te; The prociamatip~s· cieclarihg·~ational holidays" . ~0-_iys his established.rest·:. ··. · .. · · · · · · for·the:obseniance of.Eid'! Fitr_a.nd Eid'i.Adha.'sbarr· --~-~-'-----'-+-"'-"·"-'~:-;......,_. ........._ . _hereafter~be issued :aflE;i"r:i_he approxima't"e date~ , . WoFK oh spe~ial holiday· ~0%• o(re!"gulai'-wage "the, ,l_sli:lm1c. holid~y~ h~v~ ·been·, determineq · :in accordance wf~ .the Islamic C;alenda.r. (HIJr~; or .th¢ Wo;k on spec\al ·hqliday ·5Q%: of r~g-\jl~;wag~_ l4nar· ; calendar; .or upon . Islamic : a·stronomi~I falling. on scheduled rest · . · ·· · · calc~l~tio~s;whlchever is·possible or: con11.enient. To. day · this ·eni;l,_ tl')e ·,National Commission. on:. Muslim. · .yYo"rk qri .reguJar hoOd_ay 260%.'qf-regul~r wa·gs _F.illpinos (NC1y1F) . stwll inform th.e·.. dffjce of the _ ·• falling on sclie.duled rest · . . . · Presfder:it .on which day the holii;laY,_strall·fall·(Proc . . day . . . . '. · ·' No. 459,··sec. 2): .. ·, . · .. =
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·(LABOR CODE,-i',rt. 93); . .. •. ·: . _:· . . : Note:· The employee shall be ·entitled to ·adi;litional.. ··. . , . comper)sati<:>n on· . SundaY. .only when .it .. \s his es~~?lishe,d rest _day (LABOR-CO~E,-Art.9;3): .
52 I." 2ois SAN SEDA
LAW CENTRALIZED _BAR OPERATIONS
The d!:lte s~d~r:lhe h_olding·.ot a· regl!lar-ii~ffonai · election is.a holiday. Henc;e, holiqay pay sl)ould be paiq by employer (Assoclated tab9j. . Unions v.. Le/rondo-Montejo,G.R. No. 11-1988; October.. 14, . _1994)... · · ·
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Wi!MMBE& . ~{ - 1\/luslim.Holid.ays Additional Compensati9n Work on. Rest P .0. No: .1083 as· amended; recoqnizes the 4: Musiirn Day,· Sunday or Holiday· · r;:... holidays, namelyi · ·1 .. As ·i,i g~neraJ.rule, for the company with a 6-_day. 1.' Amun Jeata {New Year), which falls on the 1· st . · workinq'schedulevthe-dlvlsor 314 days in a year ':\'; . day of the lunar month· of Muhl!:liam; , : . already me.ans that the legal .. holidays . are · · }-·. 2. Mau/id .. un-Nebi ·. (Birthday of the Prophet · included in. the · monthly pay of the employee. · f . · · Muhammad), which falls on the 121h day of the · The dlvlsor. is arrived : at by· subtracting . all . 3rd lunar month of Rabi-ul AW"-'al; . . . Sundays from the total number of caiendar days. 3. LatlatutIsra VI/al Miraj .(Noct!Jrnar Journey and in a 'year (Producers Sank.of the PHL·v. Nl:..RC, the Ascension. of. the -,Prophet Muhammad), G.R. No. ·100701, March 28; 2001). . . ·. · wliich'·{~lls on the 271h~y of the-7.lh lunar month 2.. A.s .a gene'ral· rule for-a company. with a 5-day . of.Rajab;· . .. . _ working schedule', 'tl:le dlvisor -261 means. that .. '4: '.ld:-ul-Fitr'(Hati Raya 'Pausa), wl\ich falls on the the holiday pay ls. already . inc;fuded · in the ·. . fi.r-st day ·of the ·re.nth. lunar month .of Shawwal, monthly salary of. the employee . (We/linglbn commemorating the end of the fastinp -season: investment and· Manufa.cturing.Corp v.. trajano: and . · . . . · G.R .. No.·1.14f598, July 3, ··1995):· 5. :. 'ld-;t.JI-Adh~ (Har! Raja H~ji), wh!cti falls. o~ .t~e· · · · · · · ·. ·· .tEmtt:i day otthe twelfth lunar·month of·Dhu al.. Rut~ on Ho.Hd·ay Pay of Teachlnq Personnel.Paid .. ·· Hijja·. · · · », . Per Lecture Hour · . · .· . · . ~· .. · . · ;./''For facultymembers paid by the hour by virtue. of tHeir teaching·contracts: .. · 1 . .'N~t~: Nos. 1-3. are holidays· observed .<;mly l~Mihda_nao~whereas 4 ~nd 5 a_r:e.National 'Ho~idar,~.·'·U,·.;'; ;\ • 1. They are .Nc?'.rentitle'd_to p;:iyi:neAt ?f. holiday P.ay ·f :(i·f, ... , , , 't be·ca\Jse. they: are . p.a1d 9.nly. ·for work_ actually f.(· T}).er~· m~st}~e::no·di:,,Un.ction petween Mu~iims}pA·,·.,:;".'.-~.-r-..,do~e. Sjr.i~e regular h~lidaxs·are ~nown to both nc,n~Mush!)1s with r~ga~d·to payry1ent .of l;>en~fi~·Jqfr ·n-•;.::......2~.'!~!1,9pt1~u:iy-t~cultym~mbers as. "no class days"; Mµslim ·Holidays;· wages .and other emotum~nfsare\.;/ rj ·. : ce'H~inly:r·th1f latter .do ·not expe~t payment for /· . laid do.;yn.?Y ·law and .iJqt based on.-r~.il~:at reiigi?Qb.~.i s~id unw~fl<eddays; and. this ~as.clearly.ln.t~eir' v:··· (San M1gu?I Corp: v. qA, GR No.. 14.i~q\_Jan~':9."";.i-'-'I:\:· ·rnmd~1~pJit tl'!ey · eritered ·into· the :teach1,rrg. ·-30, 200,2J.. · .. ·.. . . .-r~ yf;:-,·-,,~ · , f:.J.· . ·contr~itsi{Jo«~Rtz.a/.Collegev..~kRC, (J.R No. .., ·· · · :. ,::.:.,,. 1..r~:r;,. . 11~· · 65482 D~cember.1 1987 1• . , ·... • · · (,• .-. • . I~ • . ..., •. ia.."::i, I ·J tJ ' .. _\\ • • I • I ik R~le on C~mpe"!sabili!Y:·., (f,-1· ·· t:;:-~· · . • ·,, 2 .. T~~Y arEJ1_~-?~~er, e·ntitled to·. th~ir re_gylar et .Employee .1s ~11t1tled ~o at l~.'l'J:>f 400.o/~of)h1sll:)~r. . ;•J tro~·~.[i~.!3,.0a·~.~y.sdeclared as special hohdays 1tk· min.imum ~ag.~ r~te even ·if he/s~~..di<jl;F,10J:rc~ort~f~~· .:·.. ·or y,iheQ:·_~_@;ses.are CF1lled o~ or- ~hortened on ~;. "y,1ork•. P.~o.vfded he/~he' is p~es,E:ni~Q§:Ontt1~ve account ·oflyphO:ons, fl<>?ds, ratne.~; !=!Ad the like ·.~esem,c~ ..Ylth·: pay· ':~~!W.-~ rest, does I\O.t earn >,yhat he should earn .Statutory t:1-~neta.ry,Sf3n~[its•. p. 13) .. :.A:::;f:!.J-·.~~~~·tl)at:?dayJJos~.R!zal College. v.· f!LRS G.R. Ii-; . • • . . ,..:r. ·:(''. . . Nq. 65482, D~cember1, 1987): . . ~: : . . Not'e:-,Legal holiday falling ·on· a· Sund~¥:_fq6es·not. · ·· · · , · ·. . · · · ·· , \ create. ar, ·additfoi:iaf."w.orkday nor areate~legal. · H.oli~ay Pay ofCertain..Empl6y.ees . . . . . rs . Qblfgati.on :for the ernplqyer to pay-extra, ~side from 1: . Wh1;1re the CO\'.ered E!~p1oyee IS paid .on-· plec~ t~.:.:. ·-the··usiiai .holiday pay to)ts·m.ol'!tiily-pald employ~es rate basis, his!J1er. holic;la~ pay. sn·aJI ·not be le~{>· If ·. (WeflingtonJnveslment · arid Manufacturing Corp v. . than,his./hei-av:erage daily eaqiings·tor the last ?.· ['. Tr~j;!lno;·<;ik:No.'ft469.f3.Jtily3, 1995). . ·. ,actua.i work oays·precedirig .. the re·gular"holidlly;- . ~· : · · · · provided, however.;. that ·111- i:io .. c:ase ·~hall. the ·· t:;. WorJ(.·. perf<;>rmed that. day' tn~rits. at· 1east holiday ·pay-be.leS:fthan the applicabl~ .s!atutory · ~ (200%} th~ :daily' ~a.ge . of· tlie emp!pyee (2019 · ·mi.nirnum "{°agerate. .. . . . · · ... Handbookpn Wqrkers'Statutory MonetaryBenefits, · ·2: Seasoni:i.l work~rs may not b·e:paid the r~quii-ed 1( • j:,; '13),. ' . . . .. hol.iday p'ay during off season.when·they'l:(re'not t,'. ' ' . . . .at wor:k. . . . . ... : .. . . :. ( .. -Holfday Pay 'of Monthly .Paid Emp.loye~s ·. . 3. · Wcikers who. c;Jo ·not have.regul!=lr-working d1:1ys. t~ The· : divisor.· aisumes: ·an · importa~t. 'ro.1e· in·.,· , . ·such as stevedores, ·shall be· entitrea to this t~· ·.de.termining wh~thei- or not holiday· pay _is.'·already . . ben~fit (2019 Handbook orl' Workers' Statutory included· i.n the.rnoht.hJy paid ei:oploye~;~.salary . .The . Benents·p. 15). '. ' .. u·se of. 314· as a divisor leads· to· the· inevitable con'cll.lsion ~at the 1 legal 'holidays :arei ~)ready ;:, . include~ therein (Producers [;!ailk. of-the PHL v: '-' NJ..:RC, .G:R, No. 10070'1, Mai'ch28, 2001); ·
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Formula to Compute.Wages 'on Holidays (Labor effectivity qf the .Code (/RR of Labor Code, Book . Aayisory No. 10, (2017) · · · . · · · Ill, Rule Ill, ·sec. 8).' 1. For regular holidays, the following· rules shall apply: · · List .of Spec'ial Days : a.' During employee's regular workday . . · .1. National i. If unworked - (Daily rate · + Cost. of · '. a. All Saint's Day~ 'Novernber 1 · · Living Allowance) x 100% · . b, Last Day of the Year- December :34 ii. · If worked., . . .. . . .. . c. , NiiloYAquino Day - Monday nearest August 1) · 1•1 8 hrs. - .. (Paily rate + COLA) x . 21 (R.A..No. 9492, July 25, .2007): 200% . . · · · · ,· · :. ·. d. .Other days declared by law . 2) Excess·of 8 hrs. - (Hourfvrateof the 2. · Local · i · . · · basic d.aily. wa·ge.x 200%. x ·130o/o x Those d~'~lat,ectbylawor brdinance:(e·.g. Makati . . number' of hours worked:) .: . Day.for Makati City only) '. · b. .During employeets' rest· day. .· . .,t. .. . . · · .· 1 . , • · : . . i. If unworked r: (Dally .rate + COLA) .x . Note_: Holidays, except those wtiich are religious 100% · ·· · .;.in -nature, arernoved to the__ nearest Mo_nday, Ii. ·.If worked; . : unless . otherwise modified · by. Jaw, order or .1.. 1 •1 a_, hrs. - [(Daily- rate .+ Cb LA) x ~· proclamation (RA: No. 9492 or. the f:{olida'y . 200%] +.(30o/~· (Dally.rate ·"''fOe_o/'?)k:::=-'":"'"r..== Economics Lew). · . 2. Exc~ss,~f 8 hrs:..,_ (Hourly f_p.t&"~f~bey t " ~·-~~<. . . .. · · •.· · _bas~cdaily wag.e_x 20~...%'':! ?Re.9~i~r H,olid~y.v, Special tfoliday: . 130 Yox number of hdllr:f"wof~5!'~-==,,, .... ,;...,,,, ·,:,r,, • , · ,~·~ ~'v::~,:,·
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;3. _Fqr. those. ·declared· as speciai workiog · hoH~ays,. the f9llowing rules sha·!I :apply:· a;: -F9r work performed.' an emplOY!:'!!{is:entitled · · only.·to.his basic rate. · · ·:: ·. . . · ·· b. No premj1.im . pay is requifed. since work · · · pe_rfonned on said days· is c9nsjdered work, ·. r.on : 6rdlnary working days. {1 AZUCENA, sqpra.at,28:4).· .. ·
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·.· ·1s,.f004) ... '. '_:.···: : ·... . · . ~: . Three t,undre~· percent (309t'o) if he VfO!ked on · · . 2. r~gular holidays fa_lling . on· the · same.. day · . (Manual ~n.Lab_or'-Standards,.20.04); 390% if · ·reported for "':'Ork on: a do.ub_le·holiday which is · also -his re~t day, where.h~ is now. entitled to an additional 30% ,based .on. the·· rate·of 300% ior . tha~ day (2919· Handbook on ..Wo;ker.s'Mqneiary
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Not~: Employees who are on J~ave ·of absence without pay on the· day immediately_ greceding · a regular holltlay_m,wnot b~ paid the re.qu_ired holida_y pay if they do not.work on such regular holiday (2_0_19 . · Handbook on ,W,orkers'·Statutory Mone!ary Benefits, p.-14), . . . . . , . . .
Note: Ot.he~ise, he must work on the 1.ct holiday.to. be entitled to holiday 'pay' on the. 2nd ~egula'r h.oliday (/RR of LA$0R COQE, Book II': Rule IV, Sec. 10).
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Where the day immediately pr'~ceding ·t119.h61iday is · · a n~:m-work day in· .tt,E,} ·_establishment 91"· ._the ...' schedulsd r.est day .cifthe em13Joyee, he/she shall not ·be deemed to' on-leave of absence ori that day;'in, whic;h ·case. he/she shal.l be ~ntltled tQ .tt-i'E(holiday · pay if he/she ~brk-ed :on:. the· :ciay . ir:orrredfately . preceding the.· noh~Work. day or !e~t .day Ji0.19· Handboo/5.on Workers'Statutory,Monetary Benefits, p; 1_5).· ·. ..,. .. . . ', . . .
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1 ~ . i:_emp~r'ary or P~~,0~1.c !lhtrtc:Jp~n _a.~_d~empp_~ary. · cessaMn_ ~f wc;>rk ·. of -~.~ esta~l1Sh1!1ent. -:- ~he .. reg1,1l_ar hpl1d~ys f~lhng within .the penod shall·.be ~ompe~sat~d.,. .. · . · . .- • · . , · . ·. ·· 2. Ce~satr~ri. «;>f_ope~t10~. of an_ e_nt~rp!1s~ d~~ .~0. .bl!~m~ss· ·-reverses.. as . -aut_h~nze.o :_- by th~ .. 'Secreta~y of labor_...: the regu_lE;tr '1'ollday_rnay r:iot . . . . be pai9 ~Y. th~ em·ployer:(/RR·of LJ.l,B.OR.COPE, ·. ·. Book/I/, Rafe IV, Seo."?J... · '..::.· . .. : Succe~sive ·ReQular H~lldays · · · '· ·. . ·. i o be entitled to· holiday pay. ih . case of two (7) su'ccessi,;,e holidays, th~ emplo.yee mt;Jst:. . ' .· · 1. s~· present on ttre_ day· inim~diatEily·preceding ·:. the first holiday; or · • . . . · . • . , 2. Be: on · 1eave . wi~h pay (2019 · Han.db.09k . pn · Woi'k~r·s'Statutory_MbnetB{YBenefits, p. ·10). : ·
· .started working including ,au.thorized ·abse.nces··ar:iq paid regu_l.i!r holiclays unfe.!ls.the .(lumber :of w~rki_ng ... ,days ·in the est~blist:imer:it,. as a m~_tter,of_.pr:acpc~'.or.' policy cir as pr.ovided·jn t_he _employmen_t'contr~ct, is· less .than 12· months (/RR of-Lab.or Code, Book.I]/, -Rule v, ~sec. 3). , .. ' . . ·. : ... · . . . . . . . . ·. . . ·· .Purpose.: To·serve as·a.motivE;ttion. for th~· e)nploy~e ,tQ st'ay,.l_onger.:wi'th·'!he-employer. (JPL Marke.{in9 f'rorr,otions v. ·GA; G.R. N9. 151f}.66; /uly 8, 200p):.- ·, Note: Pa'rt-titne.Workers are' entitlefd to. SIL.'The teaso.n'is that ·provisions of Art. 95 'ot the L,ab_or Cod{;} ai,d lis i!l)pl~mentir:i.9 _rulel? speak of tne number of · . ·months in. c1 year for ent_itlement· to said· benefit. . . Conseq1.1enlly,_ part~time ernJ).loyees-are all?O en!it,led.
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. year from the date she started working u.ntll the date of her actual reinstatement (linbuidov, Nl,.RC, G.R. · f::l(}.114734, March.31,. 2000). · · ·
-to the full five days SIL benefit and !"IQ~ on a-pro-rata basis (1. AZ,UCENAP-245). ·
SIL does not apply to the followlnq: (GoManRu.le'on Prescription of Claim f.or SIL .. ' FiVa,Ben10-Per) · . . Art. 306 ·of tlie L.abor Code is·:nofa prescription 6fa 1. 'Empfoyees of the Government; .. · . ·.perjod of time for the ·computation· cif money.claims 2. . Maiiagerial .ernployees .as defined in Book III; . ·· but is a prescription of filing an:action.upon monetary. 3. · Field personnel'. whose.. : performance. Is . . claims from the 'time the' cause of action. accrued . unsupervised. or· those· who are paid a-flxed . The employee may use hrs servic(;l ·incehtiv~· leave· amount Jor perforrnlnq. work irrespective of ttie benefits as leave dc;1ys or.he.rriay.coilect its moneta'ry . · 'time·consv!lled'in··the performance thereof; value. To limit. the award to ·three (3). 'years is to . . 4: Those already enjQying. Vacation leave with pay for.at least 5. days; · . :· ,· . : . ·_ · . untj1,J!y. restrtct such. righf(Fe,r.n~ndezv.. NLRC; G.R. · · No,.'105892, January 28, .1~98J. · ·· · : :5 .... Those already enjoying (he said Benefits;: · 6. Those : employed . in: establishments regurarJy.. . employing. less than ·10 employees -(!RR 'of the. . It can. ·b~ . deduced that the cause . pf- a_9tion -of LAEJ.OR CODE, Book Ill, Rufe V, Sec. 1);".and entitled employee-to claim his· SIL pay accrues from · ·7. Persons in the Personal- service· of another the moment ttreemployerrefuseste.remuneratelts: . '.12019 .. Handboo~ on Workers' Sl~tut~~:=i-...,.._:.-:-mg~~ta'ry;eqa1.v~l.erit:if.the errli?IOye~·.di.d not m~ke . Monetary [:Jenefi_ls,.p. ?,6). · . . 'iur· · ·~sE:;o~~~ld·leav~ 9r~.dits.bll\ inste~d ch<;>s~ to avaiJ = · . · · . .. . . ~·_-(}"· · f:?\,._ \ }l.JtSi}Cofjfn:lutat1on.· Accordinqly, ,1f the .. employee· _Note; ~mployees engaged o~. t~isl< o :c~~~c!J>~~r-=,..:.~~nlfs-t<J 5.J.C~tt!.ul~te hi_s lea~e cr~~its.and:opts · or paid_ 'on purely comrmssror ,ibas.i~-_;~e"''not· _/s COllJJ!11'.lta~1?'\:~0!)h1~ res1gnaU~n or:se~~ra,tion automatically exempted from th~{grahf9fSJ(: u_gle~".'"~~~frem ...~i:npJ<;>f.ment,~is cause .of action · to claim -the . they fall under !he· classificali....,_ /_3;'.p:~lce_-ra{e - vyoi;Rers· . working: outi,1de the- . cas~ If not us'ed o.r ~Khaus~ecl ~t-tRe end ~~~&.@lr:p:;-m•\b.g-'te..r»jle?s 9f t1J.~f'employer'"."hose hours spent in Th.e .: ca~h· ·eqµ1valent 1s .a(m~f :_pr~.~tily"':;:--a~..:S~:;.J!J.~· P~Jrv.apce .'of.. the.1r work_- .carnot be enc?ur~91~g workers to ~ark cc;,nbriCIQ_us1jJ~t.Jdi~ilh==•=:.::::r::::,oP"·' · a_s:d~{'JJ~~""1_1J~ r.eas~nable ce~a1~ty .arid.· thus. ded1~ti6n-~o tl')·e·.~or:or,any (JRR ·of.Lab3H;j_'e[fe,/~OQk '\\ J{ lJ;. "t~~·~Pt. under·· ~e. ·_d1_~E??t s.~Perv..1s1on.. of U,e .Ill, 'R_ule. ·Y.· ·~e_c.., q;.Fernf!ndez. v. _NL~C.;· ~~~-~~JL!. ~~·p!?yer are,: r:iot. e_nt1tJed · to . Slk. (Labor · :105892, January 28;:1-998). .. . · ·-. · --==~ . ~ngress_ofthe.f.HLl(.. NLRC, G.R.'No. 12;3938, -: . ·. · . · . ' . · . May 2~. ·.1998):' : ··.. .'. · · .· . -: .. , .. . . Ex~eptioni Under·. :the. . ·:Kasambah~y:'• Law;. ·a . . . . · · · domestic worke..r. \~.,hi;>hi;i:;, rendered least orie c1) · Piece-rate empi6yee.s not ~nii.tl~~: .to :se~ice . · ye.~i'r:of S¢rvipe sh.all b.e. entitle~ lo .an annuaf service;- . incentive )~ave. pa"y: . $~~jce··. in~entlve·.·!~ave. pay incentive · . leave ;- pf > five (5) ·days ·· with sti?II not. apply to emp!oye·es~whose:perfor.m·~riceis · pay, Provided·,. that·.·any unused p.ortiorr .of s.aic!. un~µpervised by tli~ employer, inc!u~i.ng .. th9s.e who· · annual leave. i:;hall NOT ·be" cumulative ·or ~r-ried 'a.re paid .in a .fixe~ :8n'l0Ul'),f. fpr perfor-m.ing' work. over .to the succ.setling yea~s. Unused leaves· shall . · . irrespectiv.e·.. · of the . ti~e . ·. c.o.nsumed iri . the·. NOT be con~ertible to cash (R.A.. No,·16361, Sec. · . ·perforin~nce thereof (Mark:Roche 1.nt~mational·v.· : 29). · · . . · . . . . : . ·. . · · . :. ·. . . ·. : . fVLf.?C, G:.R:, No.: 1~3.825/ August 31;: 1999r ·. .
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.N<>~e·: Bas.i~ of °Contersion :sha;l·be th~ ·s~l.a;y rate at· . ' .... -E~p;oye~·s ·....,·!~~· S_aiar;~s abo~e·M~~im~~.vit~ge . the ·date·· of . coriimutatio.n: · The . availnient a·na ·commutation ·of the 'service incenti\}e' leave benefit' m~y·. be OIJ pro-ra!a basis (2019. Ha_ndbook on Work~rs· StE1t(!loryMor:etary.Bene(it,p. 27). ·
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2019 SAN SEDA LAI/I/ CENTRA'7IZED BAR OPERA"]:ION~
,Th!3..difference ·l;>etween the minimum· wage a.nd the. .?ctual salary. received ·.~y.the em'ployees 9.=,mnot'be ·dElE!rried . as .. their 131h month. pay ~nd. ·seryice . inc;entive · leav~·. pay as'· such diffetence is· not .. equivalent ·to ·ar of the·.. same impor.t as the· said. ' benefits conterpplated· by ·.. .law (JPL Marketing.. Promotionsv. CA, G.R. N9. 15196.6, Jufy·B, 2005). · . .
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'.:·VACATION AND SICK-LEAVE ·-:;__- VL and SL are.notstatutorily required. They are a: 1. Matter qt management discretlon; or . · .. 2. Product of collective ··t>arg':"lining_. agreement (1 ": .. · AZUCENA, ·supra at 299). · · ·
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ARTICL;E 96: SERVICE ·CHARGES Ail service. charges collected by hotels, restaurants ai:,d sim[lar establishments shall tie' .di$tributed as follows: · 1. Eighty-five percent.· (85%) · for all ~overed .employees (to· be equall_y d\sttibuted among th_er.ri);' and . . 2.. F\ft~~n percent · (15%) . for disposition by managemeAt '10. answer··. for. losses. and 'breakagis· an·d. at the discretion of discretion. of. u;e· m~nagement, disfribatio!". to mana.gerial .emp_loyees (/RR of· LABOR CODE, Book Ill, ~ule. V/,. s~.c ·3). · '·
' . ' . ' .. ' . '.· In the grant of vacation and sick leave._privileges to
an employee, the employer ls' giv.en -leeway. to ~~' impose conditions 9n ·the entitlement to the same as· st · the grant of vacation and sick leave is not a standard of law, but apreroqative oi management: lt'is a mere ' ··con·~es~ion ~r- act.of q'rac~_·o! tll'e 'employer and·~ot .. '.f. · a...ma~er- of.right on the part of the employee. Thus, .. •( < it is w~II ·within the: power .'ancl ·authority of an: 1:t. -varnployer to. deny an employee's apptlcatien: for · ~'/_ leave -and. the same cannot, be perceived. ·:as· . -~{ . dlscrimlnatory harassment · {Sugu~. v. Triumph ;?,;_;·. intem'a(iof)al PHL. lnc., G.'R. No.. 164804, January ·{ •. 30, 2Q09). ·, . -. . :· . . · :·: ·
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Coverage· Apply:.. ·_oniy to hotels, restaurants and similar 'establishments collecting servlcecharqss. ~-·-f4~ ... · . . . ,. f/! J.a ~ : .. "° . °' . . . . ·1 All·. _t;mployees..ere _~o.vered, _ r~gardless of their. . • • • , _ ;~;;,•~ ~ ~,sttion, ,:,-~~s1gnation, employment . status, , , .. · ·.. . ,,· "-~,if~;f~spec.ti¥fo'-<>tthe method by whjchtheir wages are Man~atory: · · ·. l~gally Volµ_n1ary gra,!1tj~su_lt~ , :v !i pai_d'e3<e~pt:'nJ,anage~ial':employees·{!RR of J..ABOR required (LABOR from: ;l~~~mp_loyer's: 11':,"';J · cooe. Boo~r· 11, Ru_le VI, Sec. 1°2): ··. ·· . . , .cpDE'. Art_ 95). . . di~cr~Uona~))~:~lic( ~ :C:<" : . ·. . .. } \ : .· · _. . · · . fro,n the C~. (:\~ : . i(~l. Frequen~y D1'Strib'L!tlon· . . . . . . . . · ~,.. ~ft.::;";;. · ' {}~ . The s~~W~s rffe~d::tO'· hei"eln sh~II _pe. distributed ~- ti.,.:~ .and .pa1!\j.'to ettiploy.~es··no~less than once·every two .Z,/ ··, .• '"-.JI· . m1f.~!'.!&l;;Jytj~~7 a. month ... at· lnfeivals ·not· ~: . .ihte.ri~e~ ·io c1l.le~i~te_the: IJJteti't!_~ ~9-"?~:~?fd··~i; · :' .~}1· ·exqeeclmg:~t§!_qg;ys~(f~Rof LABOR CODE, Book !If. i';t · . economic . cond1t1on. of .labore~~cba_pce·to ge~~ ·.. t~"j . Rute· VJ,. $ec.. 4). · · the w_orker.Hor"i~-acts ~s m_ych . ~J~~e! )~.st··. t~. · . ~!, replacement. for regular . replenish~- h1~-~6i:nout H~''. .Rule·.i-n cas~ of Abotition . . ~· ,. ·,. income. "that would not ·energies. ·a9,c(. acq1,,1_ifp:~i.-.£,~''ir/'lfiet:t~~)s_ervice Charge is abolished, the share·of . earf1e.~ during. such n~w vitalitN~~ ·-~~aJjl_~ . . .· . tl,_le' ' covered. ·..employees stia!I · be ' ,considered . ,~··: · · instance.· · .him to .effjc1e_n\J.Y;P,_~1~.r:i:n jntegrated.iri .fr:ieir.. wages.. . . · . · ~~ · hii,;. d~tif;lS ~nd not'nierely. .' . ~--:-.' '' ·.. . . ' · ·: '. . . . · . . · . · i',. ' • ' . ·. ' . . ... W . . . to _giv~- .him ~dditional The.~~sis;of-th~·a_mo.uri.~t<;> be integrated sh~li'be. the ;;-: salary. average_ share·:of. each employe'¢. for the p~st · 1·2 W. . !'J10111hS imme9iately.. ,preceding ..tJi~· 8QOlit.ion or _wittidtciwal of ~uc_h charg~s (/RR of LABOR CODE,· )1: : ·cann6t be waivi;id.: Must be d.eman·ded:in its Book:/11,Rul~· VI, Se_o. 9). · . . · . · .. .. . ·opportune . ' " time-,' ·Pooled Tip~ . · ·. · ·Othe.rwise, _13ilence WO.Uld .· Wliere. an establishmerit does not collect service · equate. ·to.· waiver, the ' ' ·charges but has a: practice or policy of pooling ti"ps ' :same · .. being ' -~ mere . giyen voluntarily by fti cus.tom"er~.'tfie pooled 'tips . . . ·~oncession . or':. ac:::t .'of. ·, should-~ monitored, acc6tmte~ for. a'nd .distributed . . :gr,ace-of~mployer:· .. in-Jhe:"same. niann~r. as. the service· charges .'(201~
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· CHAPTER I: PRELIMINARY MATTERS
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hi'?ltiF#fiWi5iffS, 'Rt'M''thvi!*Ut-iiti&WW&iffitLtil
Equal Pay for Equal .Work . Employees holdin(j'the.same posltlon and rank are presumed to be performing equal ·work. The rule . equal pay . for , equal work ·. applies· . whether the employee is hired locally or abroad (International S.cf10ol Allian,ce of Educators v. · Quisumbing, G.R-, No .. 128845, June 1, 2000). · · . Cd.mmis.slOn js a direct remuneration .received by . an. !iQent; salesman. executor, broker .: or trustee. calculated as a percentage on the amount. of. !'Jis . . transacticns or on the 'profit to the. principal (Black's.. Law Dictionary,· 5th · e«, citing Weiner v.: . Sw.~les, · 217Md: 123, 141 A':?d'749,.750)> ' . -. · ..
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J:=aii·:·o~·y'.s. W~ge· for a, F~'ir Oay~s. Labor {"No: Work, No.Pay Principle") : . · · • . . . . J{tllere is no work.performed l:ly the employee, there · can be no wi:!ge or-pay unless the laborer was able.. : -. ...willing: and ready to work .but was illegally locked out, suspended or dismissed oroiherwlss me~ally . prevented from wor~iog (Aklan Electric Coopereiive · v. NLRC, G.R. No.-121439; Jan_uary.25,·2000).:·
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2019 SAN. SEDA_LAW CE~TRALIZED BA~ OPERATIONS
lterns · of . expense Items whi6h.·cims.tiiute extra ·for · the ·ret:nµneratio.n.. · or. .: spE!ciat· . laborer's and ·· -hls _privileges, or benefits. given family's· . existence to . 'or ·. reeeived . by the and subsistence.: laborers, over . and above . their. ordinary. . .. earninqs . ' and wa_ges.
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For a r.etail/service estat;>lishment to be e~empted ftom .the co,;,erage of the minimum wage.lEIW, it-must be. shown that · the. establishment is reguiarly ."employii}g not. more than 10 ~orkers and" had applied for exemptions :with and· as determineq by . the :appropriate Re·gional Bo"ard (C. flaoas Commercial v. NJ,.RC,·G.R. No .. 1.44619, Novemb.er. ·11; 2Q05). .. . .
lndeper:,dent"qf ihe wage .. · · :
De~u~tit:>1~.from.the_ .. Not·wage deouctible. . . ·.,. . . . . .. wage.. · .. · .• ;): .(CHA,N, sµpra· at _1"43-144).
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cir. other ·~onve.nieince·provided by. · ·;~._: the ~mploye( are· deemed supplements if they· are ·,;~,·granted .for· the' convenil:mce of tlie . employer: The . • ':·' ' criterion in . making a .distinction :. between · a supplement ·and a fa9flity .do~s.not lie_ in _the kind. but :>,-: · in its· purpo$.e."(Mayon Hotel & Rf?sla.urant v: Adanc1, ~:·· G.f?, 157684, May 16, 2005). ·_ .·: .•. ·. ·. · · · ··.: .. · ' . . .
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Note: ,'fhe ·. phrase· '-'regu/arlY. .empfqyfr.,g"· means . .. more.or less.un_iform or usual number. of employees·. employed by a retai!/ser.vice .enterprise.. cfl,J(ihg· its.· normal operations (1 ·AZUCENA, .supia·at 324) • MINIMUJ 0
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. \·.- Gr;tuity .ls- .sornethinq given:· ·tr.e~ly · .or without· . ARTICLE'99: REGIONAL MINIMUM WAGES #..°. · recompense' to reward employees· who have .Minimum Wage is the lowest {basic)" wage rate t>r.endere_d satlsfactory -and efficient· .service to the .flxed by law that.an emptoyercan pay his workers ~- ··company. 'lt does not form· part of the··wage :(1 /'":). (/RR of R.A. 6727). Compensation which is less than {_-.·, ~-zuc_.e._NA.:1 supra a:t 311-312_.1:.· · ·_.· . . /'.:.<,-:(;~,•.(_ 'such rri·inimum rate is.considered .an underpayment ,. I , that violates the.la..w (1 AZUCENA: supra at_317) ... "' · Alfo~ances are- the a~oµnts of money,. whichl ;:i~it' ·, ·: i ·. '\ • . . . not p_a!1·of wa!;les, but. ;::i~e- gi"'.en In ~c;msi~eratiopj9f. ·. '.. ;\L.J~_~,,_n:iinim~m,,Wage~ixed by law. i~. mandatory: thus, . certain . e?'pens~s: · IJ~e ·:transportatrorr .;.,,~an}SI; f ~:.7..dt.l.{../J9".1.-w~Jy0~bleand non-neqotiable (PAM Co. v. ·;·: ·. representation (M1/l~res v:.NLRC; G.R._ Ng.. .4;2-2827; :,_; PAMEA~_F_FWi:G .. R:-(V9. L-35:?54, Ja_nl!ary.29, 197:J).
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C,01/A~s"~~ot·iri the nature :of a_n' allowance., 1':31h M~n~.tt~aY, ln_clud~d m.~he ~efln!J.l09\Qf,,,Wage intended· H re!r.nburse ·exp~nses 1t,~~rred . ~Y. ,, :he e,v1de_ri! mte')t_1':)~ of P~es1deJ1,~~0.ec_r~~~~~851,.,· L,, .. e_mpl?YeJw t~ performajtce · ~f. th~1r .offlelal ~;· ts.to grant an additional m~or,rt~!.!1th~,.,fofm.of thf:l'~. functions; not:wayment.ln conslderation of)he, 131h_ m~>nth_ p~y ,~o. employee4~?(al~?~~h~ei~IJ:~_-... I~:;·~ fulfill~'nt\tj[~~l.~f!'ru,ly.'_As deftn~d. ~cost of living~_ f'. .. the . ·same.·: Cl~~IX, -.as · ~dd1t~~nald,!}~~"\lfe?· t-tb;.~jrefers tS'-~eef~'llel~'..pn~s re~~ting_ ~o a. r.:inge of [' · 131~ n:ont~ pay .1.s· 1ncl!-Jded. ,n :t,t,e:1e!n~~1.or;t&_wag7 : ~ everyday i!ems~·br ."the c«;>~t qf purch:3~1ng the gq~ds an.~er.Article ·97(f) of the \~b~r- Cod{i;ffo~1.1'.\ich cln . ,and serv[ces w.~ich a~e · mclud~~ m an-'ac;cepted t.: . . employer i.s):>rohiblted under Articl? .. 11-~)?99~ ~ame ...,1::·~~\(~9imt.J.~v~I of· con~u_niption." ~l'l~!:id. ;on this ... Code from · making · any, _d_ed_uction~<~ltflout/~t~__,_,..!f~p·Femiser-©OLA · is a benefit int~nded t~: cover _employee's. kno""'.'l~dge arid -qqns~nt'/~r/ab.f/d/v. . ·increases:in_ th~ cost.ot.li':'ing (1..CHAN; 15)._. · . f ·. NLRC; G.R: No .. 158693, _Nq\i.~l'r}ber 1?},· 1P,.Q,_4J\ . · · , ·. ···. - · : · ·. , · · f ; . . . ; . · . .. . . . . : ·. . · . -· Ability Pay lmmaterl~I ;·.. .. . .. ARTICLE .98: .APPLICATION OF TITLE · ,: , The ·e·mployer ca·nnot.e·xempt t:)lmseli fron:t liabiliry ;. . G"en~r,;jl Ru.le_:·.:-t~e rme. on W~ge!;i appiies tP all" to pay minimum Wages" becc1u:s:e"of poor-fif)ari.qial .. .. _employee~'. .. - . . . . . ... / .. , . : . . . . condition .of ttie con1pany; the. payme.nt of mii")_i.m.um. wages"ls no~ dej)ende~t on-the erriploy~"r'_s ability.to Exc-~ptio.ns:.(.FaHo2·Co2Ba}· . pay. (Pe Racho v. Municip¥J.litY.of lla[Jan, G.R. No .. ( :Farm te.naricy o.r le~sehoi°d;·· . L-23$42, January :Z, :1968): · . . : ·, . .\· ·,..". .. i. Household or..dom~sti~ helpers;' . . . . . . :· . . . . .. ·" Es_toppel NotApplicabJe. · ,.. · .. . · · . ... . 3. Hornewotkers.engaged in needl~work; .: . .:... .ttie ,icceptance by.an,employe~ oflhe wages·.paid· . 4.: Wbrk~rs: eimployed'· in·_ any . establishmEmt _·d1J!.y . . . . . registered .with ._the Nation~.1 Cottage lni;lustry · to · hi_m ·· with_ou( ·obj~qi6f! .'do~s n9t giv~. dse: to. · . e5toj;)pe~·preclu<:lir:ig:nirrff(?lll:SCJ!'19 for the ..difference . . . ' Oeve_lopme1:Jt. Authority (~_ACIDA} · (LABOR between .the amouhl u~ceived arid. the· amoun·t he · · CODE, Art. 98); . . . .. · · shoukf"have r~eived "pu"rsuant to.-a valid minimum .. 5. :' -Work~-rs· rn d4ly register.e<:I £Q_operatives·wh_e!l .. so re.commended by the Bureau of Coopera_t1ye · . wage l "of LABOR CODE, Book Ill, ROie VII, .Sec .. 3); and · ... ·. . Wo;ke"rs of. ·a·· Barangay Micro Busines~. ., Enlerprise (R.A..91._7~). ., . . .
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. The employer is. unde·r no obligation to implement _a Wage Order· a~ross the board. ·Only those employees receiving salaries below the prescribed minimum wag.a .are entitled _to"the .wage increase pr~vided there1n (Pag-Asa Steei' Works, lnc.:v. CA,
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G.R. No. ·166647, Ma;ch 31, 2006)."
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Generally, employees· have a. vested right · over existing benefits voluntarily granted to them by their employer (University-of the East v. University of the· East·.Employf;ies': Association;
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. Th~s, -ben~fits being ·giv~r:, to -~rnployees ca~not be. ···taken. back 0( reduced unilaterally by the employer . ·because .. the 'benefit. has. become part of .the . ... 'employment contraet, written.or unwritten (Central . .• .
Aiuc.arera de Tarlac v. 'central Azucarera._de· iartac .
1-A-g-r-ic--'Li:._lt:._ur-e-,-. ..+-p-4-'7"'"5.. -._1-.p-·.: -'._--:--.+ . .:. ,P-5-0~0~--1_ ., __ ._·,Labor Union-NLU; G.R:No. 188949,."July 26; ·?010). 2-5·. (Plantation· and· . : ·.:. oroper_·l~gal b~ses ~or th~.in;o~ation of Non PlantationY ,. ,i,,. u l .-v- -~ .. · . ., -~ . , '":. -'.:,.,,; ~- ·_ ., ~tnctr,re_::-~~tany benefit or suppleme~t b~ing . Retilil/Sei:vice. · . P475 P25 / "ll.?500"' ~;.::.: ~c=<-eriJQ.t~d/;,PY ,~~P.IOy!iles .~annot be reduced, 'EstablishmeAts · _..,_,,;_--=o00~...,:_disco~tiri~e9,;;t]t,e1jrn.i~~ted b}' the e'I.;!ploye_r are the , employing . · 1s · - .f . ":?" ~,}!;: toflb-wm~:-~V· -l'~ . · . . ·. · workers orless f l j .. r · ··The~~o~~ti~t~dn·:~ec.18, A,:t JI-and Se.c. ~' Art .. ,' . /' .i -. . ~ .1J_. · XIII)~ .. .: r., \) '. · · _ . Manufacturing P475 fl P~OO · ,.. V~~Z.~-Ar.L4 of.th9t~lior fode; .. . . :· -Establishments _ .,,_/if>"!J' ~ :· . ~:_:_ ~ft.i",,.~Pr~ss. t~r~onan employment agreement; r~gul~r:t.x . ~1 x, ~and l \\. . . · ·_ - . . . . · , · · e~pl9yin.9. les~ : .. ;·~.,,..:-=~ ~ ._ ; .. '!_b(:~,;;r-Jlif,r~ COIJW.?llY'Prdctic"'§ »vhi~!i refers. to the' implied than 10 worke~s . ~ ~\\L;:__~ :..::1-~c --teriih~ an(~mp_l.P)fmentagreement wt,ich the . 11 .· . · · . · · ··. · , ~_( .,f) 'k - ~~-~ ·:-. ~ · e_~~ .er. hfrfrliefl~.voluntarily and consistently · _AR:flC_LE ·. 100:. · ~RO~J_BITI_O~ .. ~~ ..~~-:--· _}!~Jo \ts:_.eWploye'?s.and thus cannot be, ELIMINATION OR DIMINUTION:Of"¥NE. ./GiW_Lt-.c:1rawn' eJmpllan_c~;-, · · . .v. · Nagkc!ka(~ang Mang{lag?.w'ang . ; Supreme · 4_. _§enef1ts.on r~1mbu~s.e,:n,en!basis;· · .: . Jno_epehdent Union {NMS-IND-;APL]; . G.R':'_.-No; . 5. · ~cl<:1s~1fi~t1onof _posit1ql)!: '. .. _ . . : . _ . 185556, March 28,.2011);_ ·· _: ·-., · ~ · :, .·. , E?.··. Conting~~\b.e.nefitf.. of cond1tior,al llo~us; .and. 3, The grant of.the- benefit.'i$ founded c;,n a·pqlicy·ar· · · 7.· fr:o(:l~ctiv1ty incen_t,ves (1 AZ_UCENA, _supra at· .. has ripened into: q eractice over a'. long· pi=irlod 330J ·,. . .{Phtlippin~- Applianc~ Cprp, v.. CA;-. G.R. No. ,Noli.~c_hargea.bility c_ia.u ... s_e .o_r- sto1>·.r~"k__· g·a.te-i.s an. · 14g434, June 3, i0Q4); arid· - · • . : ' . ... · · · · . allowance grantt:l,d under· the· CBA that. .cannot be -4.. , · The - t>:ractice . is ' .not d.ue to.. g&o,: -· ii'} tl)e; ·credit~(:! to ~i.milar.forl'n ofbenefit that m::i·y thereafter . : ·- construction ·of application qf . a. doubtful . or be ordained by:·the g"overhrriefit throug·h ·legi~iation . . difficurt ql,!estio.n. of law (Vergara, .Jr_ v_ Coca · · · ·- · · (Mara_oppe_r .Mioirig Corp. , v. · NL.RC, G.R.. No ..
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. · No~ei:°Jt' it is· a P~if error that. is b~!ng correct~d; ~o · vested right may be saic;I .to have arisen - n.on,my .. diminution· of benefit under Art. 100 may be said. to · have .resulted b.y yirtu_e · of. ttie corr~ction (rSPIC . · Co,:p; v. _TSPIC_f=mployees'Uni(!n, February 13,' 2008).
G:R:_ No. 163419,
.6Q I ?019 SAN BEDA LAW C!=NTRAIJ~EQ.BAR. O.PERATIONS
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The amount granted a·l"!d paid to an emplpyee for his_ · indu~trY:an_d'.Joyal_tywhich ·contributed-to.tlie's.u'cces~ o_f the employe~s. busin~s ·and mad~_j)Ossiole.the · realizatioa. Qf profits (1 AZUCEN'A, supra. at -335· 33~).
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~f right. It ·.is a management prerogative, given in addition what is _ordinarily received by or strictly }'. due the recipient iProducersBenkv-. NLRC, G.R. %t . No. 100701, March 28, 2001).
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. Year_ly_§.eritice Incentive leave ot't!ve ·days with
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Exceptions: . . . . When, it was promised to be give.n withou.t any ··' conditions .imposed for. its· payment in Y>!hich case' it' is deemed part-of the wage; .and · · · 2, Wh.eh it has ripened .into practlce. (Martos . V; NLRC, ,G.R. No. 1.11744, Septembe.r ?, 1995) .. . ,· . . . ·.. . . Not~; To.b~ ccmsid'erectaiegularpractice;th.e giving. of the bonus should havebeen done-over a· long period. of time and must be .shown to have been : consistent and detlberate (~asterri'Telecom Phils: v.. Eastern Telecoms Employees.:. Unlon, . G.R.. 'No.
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. 5. fremium pay (conditionaf); .6. Aoliday·pay; · 7. Qther benefits. gr.anted by law; il'!dividual. coll!;ictlve bargaining agreements or company . p9licy or pra'ctice; · 8'. t?ighf shi~ differential pay; and . . . 121.h month pay (BWC Letter to the Director-NCR
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Note: Th~ r:ules implementing .the labor Co<;fe on: NSD and SlL do ·not apply to emplqyees·wJ,os,etirpe · 'and . perforrrjance .. are'· unsupervised: b'Y, the· eri:iployers, including thosewho are engagi?J:i·or1'task · 6r-.c::ontract bash:,, p_u'rely comrnissiori.or those who . are . paid a fixed .. amount.' for performing '• w~xk .· irrespective. of the time· cqnsumed in the-. perfoA11ance 'thereof (!RR of LABOR ·cooE, Book Iii, Rules II and V): . · ·
·. ·.: ·: . ·. . ·. . ·., . . . /.."'ARTICLE 101.; PAYMENT RE.~~qs : . Wor.k~rs Pal,d :o~ Piece~Rat~ Ba~is ~_re thos~ fryP((;.:~·~ CHAPTER Ill: PAYMENT OF..WAGE.S are paid ·a standard ai:nount f?r every piece.er ur.i119f ;,. ,,,,\,1 . . ·. : . · work produced that· is .rnore or_ less· r~gul5!rlM--, ...... l.;~~:nCLE,1,..02:FORM~ OF PAYMENT. · re~lica!e.d_, ,w_ithout ·-regard. to· the }i~e ·sp~,9( f):)'.';°.'{r"''·~ml}J9,ye~.;~_a!mot PayHis W~rkers.by means of: producing the same ·(Revised. ·Gwdeflnesf[on the vjr (V-PAe2lf2-Ft\ · . . . : · · · ' fmplemenfRfin.n the t'3111 Month Pay(fi~~;2(d))_. i . 1·.. You_c~en~\, ... ·. · . . . . ·. . . . · ·. . : ·. . · · .· · fk '.t · . • ~ ~h 2. ·Prom,sfo.qy-~otes· . c·ategorie.s.c;,fWorkers·~aid.by 3. -~y op.Je~t o~e-r-ilolan f~_gal'tt:!'_lder-; 1 · As to.Presence of c_on,tro);-:-.fo"" 4tJ~v .~ 4. f.oufton;;~ -~ · ' a. Sl!i>e"':'l~ed .-:- V'_J~rk~~?Jrectly;)~nder.. tt:i~· .{"j 5. ·£hit~;-~ · ·.. · ~uperv1s1on. pt their. lff!Jp.loy~S.:@!1J..·.pl~,- . t;?. 6. !~tP!j:-:SW~':;:_;.~9' . ·· .. rat~.worker). · · · ~:,;. · ·~-i-~ ·· .. '~1f · .. 7. I1ct.ets:J..I..A£J:eY'if'c_oDE,.Art, 102). · .
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~_ny ~.ther · for~: to. ref)r~sent. re~a_L' dire~tly sµperv1s_ecl ·bY,Jt,_e·.eg).P.!9~er_ (e.~. J.:hr1t~r:ic;1~~·1~~solutely.proh1b1tedev~n wh~n expres;:ily · P~k1aw or_ "J:a(<,ay~ (1: AZ[!Ctf((1• .su,ya~---~-:.4~ues(eff,fjy the ~mployee (/RR of LABOR.CODE, . . 346). • . . · . . . . _.;. fl:v( _, . Book W; R,ufe VIII, Sec. 1). . . .: ·.. · -2 .. :~ to Rate_of.Pay~~-n~ . . , -:-~~5 . ·. . . . . . .· ·. · · · · . , · . · : · a .. iThose paid piece rates. as _prescnb~d in General. Rule: PaY.fllef)t shaJJ· . .be made rn legal 'Piece Rate Orders by,the·QOLE: ..-_ ·. .· . · tender -(/RR 'of LABOR CODE;- Book 11/,·Ru/e. VII/; · b. ·: Those ·. p,aid · . output',: rate_s- which are Sec: 1F. .. · · · · . prescribed·by the,ertjployer·and ar:e not:yet . . .. ,. · ... , · . approved.by t~e .DQLI; (1.AZUCENA,.S(!pri/ . ~xceptions·: Paym.eht by check or money order..may" · . at349). · ·. ,· · . ··.: ..... ·,,: .. · :.. ·. be allowed.if the same is: · · · ·' · . . .. . 1 .. ·customary on the date .of effeciiyity the Labor · · Gode; · · :.- ·· . . . . · · : W0rk~rs·paid by-res.uJts·includ.l,:igthose·y.,ho are ·paid ' 2,· .Ni:l'cessary bec~yse c:if.sp.eqial_circum~tances as · .· on piece-work, ~taka;I.',:, "pf3kiao.'·' or task· basis- ~hall· .. ._determined- by.th~ S~cretary of:Labor; . . · · . r.eceive nc:>t'· re~s than.. the' . prescrib~d" statutory· 3. · Stipu~ated jh' the· CBA; or _. .. ·: . · · . minimum w~ge· rate ·for an eight-ho~r. work· <;>r a . 4. Where.the following conditi\ms are.met: (1PRC) .. : · pr~l°portion ·thereof ·fQf ·1~ss th~.n· eight' hour~ wprk · · .a.·.:. There ls . a bank ·. of · other fac.jlity f9r (JRR of LABOR COP!=, .Book fll(.Rule'.V/1, Se'?; 9) .. _.· e_ncast)ment ·w1t~in a_. rad'lus of QnEf (1} k_ilometer from (he w9rkpl.ace: . . Bel')efits. ·Payabl~. to ·.P.iec~~R~te Workers whose. b. The·. employer: -~r. ·any .of· ~i.s· agents or Work' j~ Directly. Sup~rvi~~d. .'by.,the. Eri,pJoyer: · (MpS2·PHON..;13) .. . representatives, does ·riot receive. 'any . . fec:un.iary benefit.d!rectly or indire'citly from 1. ·• Meal"and rest perio_ds; the arrangeme~t; · 2 ... , Qvertime pay ( conditional);.. . 3. Applicable ,§tatut0ry m_inimum gaily rate; . . .· .· .. , . . .
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The employees are given _BeasonaQle time · during banking hours to .wlthdraw their. wages from the bank which time shall be · considered as compensable hours worked if done during,working hours; and d. The payment by check is With the written. £onsent ·of the :~mployees concerned if there.is no CBA authorizing th·e payment ~ :Wages by bank checks (IF?R. of· LABOR QDE;· Book· t~1;_R. "". v11_1. -s.ec. 2).':..
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1. The concerned. establishment must be· located
within Qne kilometer radius to thebank; · · · 2.. - There must be Written permission qfthe majority of. the . employees. 'concerned in such esfabtishment; and . 3. The - establishment .rnust .have 25 or more ·gmployees· (R.A: · No. ,6727 or. the Wage Ration'aliz:atlonAct. Sec-. ·7).. . ·· · . . -. ~. Not~: P.a~entthrough an ATM.is aiio~ec:I, provided ARTICLE ·1)>,3: .TIME.C:>FPAYMENT .the following conditionsare.met: (WRAP-RAD). r. G.ener.al Rule; . .. ,. . 1 .. The.ATM.system of payrnerrtis wjtl'i the Written 1. · At least once .every two weeks; or . . · · · ccnsent ofthe employee concerned; .' . . . · 2\·. Twic~ arnonth at·inteiyals[iot·exceeding sixteen 2, · The·employees-·.fr~ given ·geasonable time .to' · :· · (ffl) ?ays (LABOR. <';ODE; Art ·103, par; t). · : ·, withdraw thefr. wages from ,thet h'~ paY'!i1_~nt+of~a.~~~,, b~re.fits·and deductions for exceedmg 16 days, in pr9port10,(tothr am.aunt.i:Y"J...... . . a P_:.QIJGttla):,~JC!ij;t: . . . . 1. -of work com_plete~: : • ~f?e"rmplo~~~~Jt1'As~ume ..f~!I ~espoi:isibility in . . 4. That finol _$.C!\lcm.orit13 rf;iaclc·UJtlOfl. COfT! letiora\;.~i'lil <.~9Ca3.e.fthr..r 'llfa,9e· pr~trtion prov,1s1ons of law a.rid . the work .(/RR of 0.8.0'fi?. qpq(=, Bookr}_lf, R~I~~'regi11~tlf:ls ~re-.:.110 · ·complied with on~et the .. VIII, Sec.·3). · · 1•• "'-:::~;i(! .. a~r:.!2 rJ.lenY; 1 and"· . . ·. · .· · ~\"£~ .::.: ~':'"'r dl:--'!}-r. ·..· ;M:~i§:tein"~ff~ayrnent sha!I ~either result ARTI_C_LE.1_04~ PLACE Of:= ~f¥ME.~! . ,.i
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·62 I 2919 SAN BE!;>ALAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS
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Payment Jhrough the H~fl'~ of the Work~r In .case the worker has died, employer may pay wages of thedeceased workertothehe!r:s ot tne latter · without 'the necessity · of . intestate : proceedings (LABOR CODE, Art, 105(b)). .' · . .
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No~e: The first two (2) paragraphs of Art. ·106 :of the ·. Labor Code set the general rule that a principal is . permitted by law ·to engage 'the services of a contracto.r for the performance of a particular job. _ThEH~ird paragraph of the same provision,.tiowever, . empowe.rs the 'Secretary of- .. Labor· to -make d($tinctions between permissiblejot;> contracting· and .. labor-only contracting,. which 'is a . prohihited act . further defined under the ·last paragra"ph (Mandaue Galle.on Trade Inc: v. Af/d?Jes, G.R. No. 159668, · ... M{fJrch 7, 2008)_. · .
·2. -ln case of a 'minor neir;-affidavit shall :l;,e·. . :·:EI°e:ment~·· · ~f.: . Legitimate · :C~ntracting .. or executed on his · _belialf.:· by, his · natural · · Subc~:>"rifra~ting:(,ISFSf · , . . ··guardian or next of kin; . . . ·. .. · 1: . The contractor cr'subcontractor-ls eng.aged in .a 3. Affida\li.t.st:,all be pf~~Emted;t()the employer · . distinct. arid '. Jndepe~dent buslness and who shall . make : payment ·, throi.Jgh : the undertakes to perform tl')ejob or work on its own · Secretary o{ l;-a.b'.oror his represeflJ13.tive~.: > ·. . · r~sponsibility.according to [ts.own method; . ·4. T_h~ _repr~Sentat1ve shall_ a~t as referee in 2. Tl:te contractor or. subcontractor has Subs~arltial . d1~1d1ng . the amount . paid. am~_ng· the.' cap.it?l'to car~~. ?Ut the job farme~ out . by _the . _ (LAf!OR COD~,~Art. W5(b)). . . · ,1 prlnclpal C?li his account, manner and method; 3. c Payme.ra°f through a- family rriemJ:>e~ _!nve~~ent' in~ t~1;1 .f?,~"] ·of tools,'. equipment, . woi"ker'i family : .. ; ., . .. :. if~~··;.;;~·.·.-1 .. : ~ac_ l'?E:ry.en sup,erv1_s1~~; . . :.VVhlire the...eiJ:iployer rs· ~LJtl:lotiz~d.in writjn~·by;,:., pei;!?rfin~.. the. work., ~armed <:5uV. the· the.. em_pioyee-to pay his wag.es .a ·ITie!Jl8~f Of"{.J. ~~~,~~9,Dlf81~f1 Ot S~bC<;>l)~ractor IS fr~e , from the. his family (/RR of LABOR CODE, ftd.fik1lll, Rule,~ . !1.. ?~l)t~ol a1dfor .d1scre~1on ..of the p_nne,_pal in all vm:sec. 5(aj). ·. ·. . . ~~tl!3r~j~o-~-nectedwith \he per:f~rma_nce of the ~V--~~ . _Work t:J'C~.p~ast~ the resylt thereto; ar:,d. ·. ·summary of.Rules o·n Paymenfrof·Wagfis·- .. · r~ .. 4_. The· §.erv1ce~.Agre~ment ehsures. compliance · · · · ·· · . . · · .. .,,.._.,.,.. ~::17-~7. ·-,: ··~; •... w.it~j~ll_·-~he\ig~ts .~nd. b~nefrts f~r -:I.II the {.,. L.eg_al ·ten~er; . P{g6,i,9,tJ_~_JPf9-!1'1is~~~ _ !;~4 · ; ~~~X~~-,/k!)t!J.icon!ractor or ~u.bc?n.tractor ~: • t ~ote.s, ·· v~uchetf}:~J.C.OOp1:m-3~J,.to.k~~i·.: J.~1l _tfn:?J..~~!WM~~!,J..?w~(0.0. No. 174-17, Seq.·&). ~ bc~ets, chits_, .a'r anys:.,otl;ler-0.1,jJebtotffer ·. ;-:~~ . ~---:--..,._·,...:..:· · · f,). . th~n·Jega_l.ten~er-(V-P'J\~·,s.-. J . · . -~ote; ·A~Sel)G~. '?f·any.of the ::qr~gci.ing re(Juisite,s ~/ . .. · _. . .. . . . .. '.• . r.'. J,i,..l':A;l...
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:.. ; .. , :· .... . ART.IC LE ... '1 O~:· ·. ·.· CONTRAttqR,' .. OR' SUBCONTRACTOR'.···. : ·· . Job Co~tracti~g· . :Sijt;,coh.tracting .. fs'· ·a~ . · atran·g!3.rtieritwheteby a :prir'icipc!itagree.s·to fa(rrl'out··. ·. to a <;ontractor·the· p~rfcfJT11an'ce,-or''co01pletion··of a specific·;· }ob . or 'work .. within .. a ··definite' .. 'or . predf;!!ermined ·period; re·gardie~s ~f wh~ther sucP, : . job or work is to'M p'erfolllled.or co'n'lpleteidwithin or . outside th_e:pr.emises of tt:ie_principaf.(D.O. No: 17+ · 17, $ec. 3(c)). · · ·. ,· ." . · ·: · . . . '. . ' .':
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Tw<>°ti{idh~ of,bontra~ts-i:eq~ir~d a·-Triliteral Relation'ship: -. · . . · . · .: ·. . 1. ::·Emplq.ymen( · . C.ontJ:a~t . · . tfelwef:?n··. ;_ _.-itie .· c¢mtractor/st.toc_oi:itracfp"r !'In~ -its ... employees. . . Notwithsranciirig any. oral or written stipulations . . to. '1h!3.· ·_contrary. the" contract 0:etw~en th'e contradorls.ubqor:itractor.. and its. emplpyee~ shall" lie gova·med·.by the .provisions ArticT~s 29fl, arid ,295: .of. the Lab_o·r·code; as ~(nei'lded, .. :·iQcl.\JJiing. thE) . provisiqn1, ... :oh . g~t,eral . labor 'sta~dards.'·. It· shall ·include the ",Jolloyvirig· .stipulations: . .. . .. ~; · The specific descript[on of the.jot;> 6..rwork.to· . be performed_.by lhE;! -ernploye'e;·and. '•.: . .
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2019 SAN.SEDA 1.,AW_CENTRALIZED BARQPERATIONS
I
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LAB.ORSTAND.ARD.S
SAN B~D~ LAW CENTRALIZEDBAR
OPERATIONS- MF.MORYAID 2019" i Ri&P Miffl2
b: .. The- place of work and terms and. condition . of employment, including a sfateirnerit pf tl)e wage rate applicable to. the individu.;il . employee... · ·
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•two (2) yea~s. ur:ile.ss cancell~d after due.~rocess .. The· same shall be· valid in U.,e· region where it· is . regi~tered. . · · In case the. contractor has Service· Agr'eements or opera~es outside t_he ju"rii;,.diction of the Regional . Office where it is registered, it shall -request .a duly authenticated copy of its. Certificate of Registratioo. from the' r~gistering · Regional Office ·and st.ibrriit the · . same-to .the DOLE.Regional Office where·.it-seeks tq · operate, . together wi_th a copy · pf its Seryice Agreement/sjn .the are~. fo.r.purpo~es _of monitoril}g C!)!T)"plianc~. with ·the rule!;l· "(D.O. No.. 1-74~17,. Sec, 20). _ . . ..
_The contractor/" subepntractor shail inform)he ._ einp!oy~~ of the foregoing stipulations- in writing on or: before the first day of hisfher ~mployment .(b.Q. No. f74-1"7, Sec. 1,1). · · ··
2 .. · SeNice Agreeme,:it between the. principal •and "the · 'contractor cont.aining +.the terms and · . conditions · · governh1g · · the .performance or • completion ·ofa spe_dtic job-or w9rk),eing farmed. out for c1_defini.te orpredetermined period (.D.O .. ·. · . No., 1.74,;.17,. Sec: .3(i)). The service.aqreement Note:·-The_absence of a registration .only gives rise shall include tlie:·foUowj~·g: . · ·. . . .:· tothe presumptionthatthe contractor is en~aged in · 'a. The specific de$ciiption .. of-the Job or work labor-only contractlng; a presumption that can be . be.irig subcontracted.vineludinq its)erm~,,.9f=.,::,x-..=..,;...i1:fu~ed(Aklan v. :-san Miguel Corp., ."GR No. duration;. . · . . · · · . · #'#"r . 116'$So7..,.~Qecember 11, 2008). . ·· · : b. .Tfte.place' or work and ~erm~ -~·Qd~.9nq7jt!fns j\.{ · govern1i:,g·· the C?Ontrac~mg 0;:J,ncellation of Registration. . !nclude the ~greed..a~ouiy;2t-th~,f~W:fa"cted · The~-sR':\tgib~l~~_rec_tqrsh~II. upq~· a. veri~ied Job or· work ·as well;ras~4ij~y~ta.w.,tard"=7,'-"?1:::empJa_mt~~nee~·'°er revoke the reg1strat1on of .a : ·. admii:iistrative ·fee o~ .#,~e_s~_:Jfian,fi~% ··(W.iltr~tl9r 'l:l;El;r:::~Q.e\/?roce~s. ·oased on .any_ of the ·the t()t~l _cost; c!n? . // .. J . . . Jr' ~'"' - .J(91low1_n~.~ro~eq~: ~1~S-L<:_i_L~-FF-P1_01~·.C~de) c. Aprovision on.the.1s9~ancetf>tthe-po_nd'.:.:_L!i"~-~:.._:_~~J~fPTes~~VoJ1tffac_tsm the appl/cat,on; _ rene:,yable.eve,:y.yel';lf°(}J..6#/'.ifo. 1'7;4-17, ~- ~l 2., "fl!onrubml~f!£.!Jit~erv1ce Aweemenr~etween · .. Sec. 11): -: : } ~~( I ~s:tlne ~(!nciRat~~d.tlj~contra~to_r-wh~n requ_ir~d to · . . !I ~,'t · b ~Yiiiil~.J do ~o. ~ ~f ~ . S~bstanti~I. Capitar. r.ef#~s'<:t.Q,(·~p~i;9.l·cipit~!~~;.N<}~~f is»~o~ df,Y~he req~ired §em!-anntJal stocli:.s/shc!r~s .of .at least P?1_poq1 9 ~~e.."':'· ':f'r. , .r.e~/11?.,a~; ~rGV(~tkf 1n Sec.· ?2 (SefT!t-annu~I of_ corpor~bo~s, parther~J:itP~.l~ne· l;!pop ~~~ ;} 1~ Jt~>r,1@in!;J ~freof);I,/_ . .. · the_ ca.se. of s.11:igle pr(?pne~o~~~1p,. a f\et.1~W~,:--l~lll.1 .-,Z~~com_p11an~eJwrth La~r s.tandards anq least P5,009,QOO.OO. (p.o~ No,:~1!1-.17~c. a~1~r-. .,,t,• 0'"~rk!nW'co~diti~p.sJ . .. . _ . . .. o~~pon,pJ1an~~.~ith ?S~. the,H[?MF,_ Pag-:ll;,tg,_· · ·' ·.. . . · . · · · · ~-· · ·J> ·,;.~.,_.~Rh11He~Jtu.,-aMECCLaw$; ·. . · ·· · No~~;."Subst':mtial cap_ital"..~~--"(n_ve_~tn10}.-.~ls.."='=~~t!fli:{li~s~rf'of· a. falsified . i;>r.· tampered· eqcur>;~e~tJ·. 1mplem':'n~~ .. rri~ch11)e.n(3s~_-. :.c!P._~ai.!~_ · lii&tiori or . supporting. docu_meflts : to the . pr~rn1se~ . sh_~uld be. ~reated: a~ ,.twJicab[e_rules and regulations; . . arr.,in9em~n! (N~r, v._ NL[.Z~•.. <$·£5· .Nf?~·.. _9!00~-09, · . B: F:iriding_s thro.ugh arpitrati_on. that tbe:.contractor.. : July 23, 1993Ji . •. . . · · . ·. . ' <· :~ tias engaged in" labor':Qn[y cont_ractii,g_'and/or the.\ .. -·. f.rr:>hibited ,acfix_itie:s.· a~_."provided ·in ·:sectiot:1 6. Mandatory .Regi"stration and -~e~i~.ti",'.: . "of : (Other Prohibitions) thereof;· afl'd ··. , . Legitimate Contr.tctots . · .· .. ; 9. f:il:idings· o'f. viQiation of :'See.·. ·(Righ~ of Consistent with. th·e authority of. .the' Secret_ary ·ot" · contr_actor's ernj:!Joyees) ·or· Sec.. .11 (Required Labor anq "Erl)ploym~n~ "tci "restrlct. or pri).li1b)t ·the · _contracts) of these rules; · . :' . cqntrapting ou\. ot· .fc~bci( _to protect"'the···.nghts of. · 10. Violatkins of any provisions bf the,Labor Code .. wQrkers, _it shail ~e . mandatory ·all p~rsoris or >-' (D.O. No. 17-4".:17; $ec. 23):·· . . eritlties."; a¢ting ·:as cootra·ctor$':to regis~er with .~he Reg"ional Off.ice of the _DO.LE where: if pnncip_ally· Effec.ts ot" Canceilation of R~gJstratio~ . , . 'ope~a\e$_(D. 0. No; 1.14-17, .Sec. 14): . .. _', · . . . · A . final ordei: oL car:icellaii:on shall divest· .the ) contraqtor ·of . its le"gitimate status engage· . in .. . 'laitt;t)ty.. of' :Certlfjcat~'. . o; ." ~egistr~tiO!'l of : conti:actin"g/;,ubcontrapting.. . .. Such ··;,order of · . Coiitra.ctor~ · . _ : . . .. · : . . . . . . . ·. . c~nce!lation- shall be" a ground to ~eny an applicat(o.n ·The contractor-.shall- be· deemed fegi~fereq ohJy· on ·-for. renewal of regist.ratiori to a-contfactor under'1he· ~~:. . .... · tl'.te date of. issuance. of its Cer:tifi_cate of Registn,diQfl. The $hall be effec.:tive . . Certificate . . of. Registration .. . .. for
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):. No contractor who'se registration· js cancelled ",)_· . . under . J.~, : these Rules or any 9f its officers shall be allowed to }. · operate· andapply for new re9istration as contractor ·,~. . under either the same or' different name. · ·. ·
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Note;. "C~~o" ~efersto a person or group of · persons or to a lat?or group whicH, under the _guise of labor orgc;1nization, cooperative or any entity, supp1iesworkers to an employer, 'with or . without any· monetary or · other consideratfon, whethe·r in ttiiil cspacity of an agent of the employer or as.'alJ osterisible indep·endent contractor ·(D.O. No: -174-17,
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The_'ca~~ell~;i~~ o(~e· ~~~istra~i~~ of .; contractor ', for.engaging in labor-only c.cmtr-ac~ing or for violation :.: · of .any-of the "provislons of. the Rules involving a ":: 'particular Setyice- Agreement will not, however, Sec. 3(b)).,... . ~-- .: · impair· _the :.yalidity.. of e?r : perf'.orm·a [obor work.for c1 principal, an~ J~f too~;- P\. qul.Jo,·Ill} releasing ttie :· pru:1.c1paL or .equipment, . niac.hiAerie~{-·/sJ¢.f.tr.visiol), 91ntr'. ct&r- from liability· ~s· to· payment of 'work J>remis~s.a'!TIO!)~{ Pth~r~,~ . ;...' {i;tur cl.\)i;ns, or-.re'quirl;)' the employee· to_ ·ii:·. _AND the. empl?,Y~~ · _.rEfy&JJted,_ an9~ !i'f•\ ~--:)~eco.lne·a-'i;nember c;if a c~operatLyE!; . ~' . . . . pla.ced a'r~ . perfor~-ir:ig"':cmt00,fi13sw'b.lft,l . ft1 3. . R'%tiJffli'l1t~~.iwmpk>yees... . un(!er- . . a. ¥.:-, · . _. : · a,re.d}r?ctly relafed~tq;_~h.eVl~i!1'6usin.e-S~ - · ~fi( .cdntra~fum.st.rhcontra.cti~ga'r_rangement to sign ·Qpe~t1on of. ~e prmc1j:!i:!l:t9.£-·-c.<:t ·.' }!_ t} a contract fixing the·.penod::of employment to a ~ ·: b. :The·.7~>r'itraclor .or subconJr~~ior·.-d~~s'_not : term shorter-. ttian_ ._ttie\:!¢rrir ~f .. try·~·_-;Se~icek{·: · exercise _the nglit . .to contr.pi-;,tdv.er_ the . 7i;nent, 4nle~)he· c,~ntrapt 15·d1v1s1.ble. mto performa~·ce:of ·tti~ ·work yme,r'lt .. . .contra~t..o( r/ .Cb/a .Bot:tters.Phil~ .•Jnc; v.. Agito, G:R, Nq ... 179546; · -shqrt d1:1ratior:,; ·.. .. · . , ...., ·, . . . . . . ~~. February-1$_;'2009).· .... ·. ,. . 5. .1Such'- oth~r pr-;act1ces, schemes. c.r employm.ent t. · · · · · ·. ' · · . ~rrangememts de~jgned: to ci(~mve,nnhe right · Labor"Oril_y ·-contracUn~- .is. ·_IE}gally . wr.ong; ~od · to-sect.irity,oftenµre (D.(). _No.,..171717, Sec. '6).. j-, prqh'i_bit~d.t:>ecause .it is an attempt··to. eyade lhe . . . . . . . . o.blis;iati~nsof~n en:ipioye((1Azucena; p. 307). -:... · · ·No~-applica~i!ity·· .._.of .. Prol"!ib\tlo~ .in Spec!ffc ( .. . . Industries·,. .. . . ... ·. · . ·· · o't.he·dllicit For_-ms· of.Erriploym_Eint Arr'ange·~e~ts. · The p·rohibitlon against· labor-bnly·. contracting does. 1. . Contracting\ut ofjobs, wor~s; cir serv)ces: . . . · not ;apply 1o:· (BKIL-HAM-BACSO) . . . a:.· .Thip_ugh an in-tioose' ~gency; - . . . 1 ... .flusines.s pi:oc.ess .ou.tsourcin~·· .· lj b: · Through .'~n :.fn-liouse coope11:1tive which 2. -~nowle.dg¢ proces.s C>Utsourcing;: . ,/. . . ... merely supplies.wo.rk~rs)o the·pnr:icipal;· ;3'. -_. ff infrastructure'outsourtjng;· : ' . ~: :- . '.· c .. , By reaso11 of. a ._strike or ·:1ocko_uf'whether 4, · ,begal_ 'process outsourcing; ·. · f;c- . . ·actual or- imminent; · 5;· !!ardv.,are ·and/or softwa~e support; ·. · ~ct. Being. p·erfom,_ed··by l,Jnion m_emb_ers whe.n · 6. AJ)plication deye_lopment~ : .' . -: · ~;._ such· will interfere· with, ·.restrain. or· coerce V. Medical transcription·;·. · ... . · Pf; . employees iii the exercise of their- rights ·to. . Back -office op_er,atjon,s/supporf;: t-F . . $elf-org·an.ization. as. provided ln · Alt. 259 of 9. Anima·uo.nservices; · · · · ·· ~: . the Labor Co9e, as amended·to a_1"C~bob. .1 Q•. Qonstruction· industry; . :
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-person,. partnership , · assoclatlon · or corporation which, not being_ an employer, contracts witti 'an independent contractor for the performance of any work.fask, jobor project (L.Jl.BO~CODE, A.rt. 101). POS'riNG ARTICLE 108: OF BOND . ~ii employer.or .indirect employer may require the 0
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· _The employer ·. . or The employer/ .princlpal contractoror subcontractor to furnish a ·bond equal ...· :·prindpal is 'merely an ·is -treated as direct to thecost of.laborunder contract, on condition that indirect ... employer, .. by employer ·- "of . the· ft:ie bond'.. will answer for: ttie··. ·wages-· due the. ·. operattcn ot.Iaw, bf his contractor's; employees . employees should _the contractor or .subcon:trador, contractor's 'employees in: . ·an·: '. instances .. ·as the _case may be,.fail to pay the same (LABOR· ·(PCIALitomatienCenter, (contractor is. deemed -, . CODE,. Art: 1.08). itne-. v4 _NLRC,. G~R• -No: i3·gent' of. the· employer) . · '· · . . ~ . 115920 Jant,Jaiy' 29, (Manila Water Company ·. ··. 'The bond.shaltbe equal to thecost or laborunder_1996). · v..,:··.Pena· G.R·~ No: con;racf(1 POQUIZ,·supra·at330). -· · . · · · 158255,.Ju/y''B, 20041_""~~-J-;,~ . .. · . · ·_No\e!',~t)ere.~he emplqye'r fails to. require -the : . \._. ·cql'}tral:to(tQ,(>O~t-a bond, the employer must answer : . • • .• - ~. . . Y· .·. . -· . ~a,g.'!P?~-ll~bilitii:!~,the _contra!?tor . may 'have The=faw creates ian Er-' Tile ·st.t'M~-cr,eatesan ·· mc'Orr.~~tohJ~~~}nployees. This i~.wijh,out·prejudlce Ee . relationship for · ·a Er-Eefr'eTat\otisffiRAo~a ~~r"'t~its~eekJn'df/f~))Ni_oJ~ti?n·qt ·_eit~er .Sedi?ns ··_1_o" or_ 11 . .· .. • . . ~t I);',,ere~~'~J(r~:r:i,cier~~pnn~1p?It~e· diree:t _employer .. . . .. ·. : ... ·. .;,, .. __ I ,. . . . ~~~~!}~~ID,Pfoy of 7U'ld-contrador ~s or.subcontractor, Th~ p~mcipal be?otne.s· '.fh~ (?~i!\d~R~! ·6 .. S !, .. ~P.?.l1 .·to j_~· -~?9J~~ the Labor C8d~~(D.O. NC?:.. ·sohdanlt h~_ble· WJth the ~0!1ct~.r~1y ·habl~ wit '..f~ """:-,....,..~ -1~-, '. ~~ ?2). .f.' ·· · : · 't ·.· · contractor · 1n the event contrattor not"".--Qnl 'lEN'J\ ~ .-· _,,.r ,. ). · · ,.. ·' · · the fatter faili to p_ay•tne ·u~p.aid''\~~ges}p~f>.~~_¢ ~~'='.,Jt~V?,f.~e,~~1,IJ.a.tlon of Empl~y_ment · · ,.·. . _~mplo_yees:. -~.ages an._i;f for. af!·.~f~igfl'ttu._J;:.'~jlJ'(s,;,~~"f[e:.tr~~t!J)rf"Of.the contr?ctors employe_e_ pnorto , _few, :v•o_latior:i. ot·~·lab9r of"the·~_mPL?~~~i:wer · '\.A'_'~~e~p~i:,'i;i.fronof the SeP11ce Agreement shall b_e · . •standard ·· -laws: ·-Th.e ·the,· lab'dr . Cod?l'·-.:ang, 1\11.fg~y,~ect.byAr:t,s.. -297,.-298, and· 29J} of the ·..Labor · . li~bifity;"how.ever,'__. does·:~ncfllary ·lai(Js'-(SMC v:·9=='C~e.' ·.. ·-··· · ,. · ·.; · · · : . ·. · :,_ '·.· ·. ' not~ ,~".'tend . ·to· the MAERC. ·; Integrated · · ·. · ·... ·. ~.. ~.: ··.: . · . · i ·: · · '· · ··. ·.payment of oack-wages ,S(Jrilioes;. 1n·c.," 'G,R. No.. In case th!:l termination of the employment-is caused . : -Qf '_separatioi, · ·. piiiy · ·ot 14467?; .July 10,-2003).. by. t_he pre-(ertninEition of t):l~ Service Ame~menf n~f employ'3eS who: ,are- .. :.. · . . . -. due.to:th~ authorized. causes-:under, Art.·-298; the ill~gally_. pi_sril.issetj .. ·righfqUti~< ei.pploye~s-'of the· contrac,.tor to urfpaid · :($osewood .. p;oces$il'ig'. ,, . · · : ·.- · · ·wag~"$ ~nd, othSr ·'. unpaid . . benefits·.... inclu_c;lifig : . v, . NLRC, . G.R. No. .unremittec;f legal· mandatory contributiol')s~ shall be · ·1-16416-84; . May -2·1, : · b'orne by.·the··party· ;;it-Jault." Witho.µt prejudice-'to· the · . ·. ·. ?fi.98):-.·. · · · soli.~a_ry.-·liabili{y of. th.a ·.-parties... t~ . the :··S.eryice .. · Agree'.rnerit. . · ·, _·.:_.·· · .. :, . . , . . . . ·.: ·.. . . . .. ..· .... ,••. . . · . . · 'The rnere e_xpiratioci-0f tl::le:Service,Ameem·enfshali npt b~ d_~emed as.-a.termination of .employ.ment of.. the · contractor_'s· emP,loy~es -who.: .are,, regull:lr . e_~ploye_esofltie latter (D.O. _No.' 174·1.7,. Sec.-13) .. . . ~. . . . . .. · There is; l:i-·'.pres~nc.e Qt Ther.e··1s an .abse"rice of \·.: subs.tcintlal capital ·or, :sub~f~i)tiaJ ' c.aP,ital or · investment: in.vestment.
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'[;·· · ARTICLE 109: SOLIDARY LiABILITY. OF-:. THE Government and. other creditors may be paid. eRINCIP.AL . '· .. · .. (LABOR CODE, Art. 110.)· · ·· · ,/· · In, permisslble : contracting arrangement, the term ~- •solidary llability'' shall-refer to. the· li1;1bility of the Conditions:· . . ;~ .. principal, pursuant t_o· the provisions qt- two (2) 1. Formal aeclaratio~ of insolvency or bankruptcy; articles of the Labor Code, namely; . · ,· · 2. _ General judicial· liquidation prcceedfnqs of the rt 1. ·.-Art '106,.r.egardirig ttleljability·ofthe.princ\pal, in employer's business; and j}· the same'rnanner and extent that-he/she is liable 3. Filing. pf claims by workers,.. rt'i..' . to his/her directemployees, 'to 'the extent of the ' . work performed: under 'the· .confract when the Note: : . . . . . contractor'falls to· pay- the,wages··.of his/her 1. 'It.esteblishes :a preferenceof credit. and not a employees, . - ... .: . .. .. · lien.. this· article did -rrot- sweep away the . Article 109, as-direct emplciyer-tqg~ther·w,iththe. . overriding . preference accorded u.noer. :the· contractor fo'r any violation otanyproviston of scheme of the Civil Code· to tax claims .of tt.,e .. tii'e:Labor Code {CH.liN,supt» (Jt257~258). .. . government (DBP v, Secretary ot' Lii,'bo'i; G..R · No: 79351, November-2~,1989); · . . . ··N~te':':T:he p'ri~cjpal ~h~li° be- solidarily ilaple with. . · 2 .. It should . be given .· prospective appncatton the contractor in the event of anyviolation of any . ·.·. (Republic v. Peralta,G.f:?. Nb•. L:.;,i.6'!56/1, May 20, provision of the L.ab.orCode, includfr1g·fi:iilure to 1987).. . . ·pay··livages.·This will _not prevent the principal ,/'"I · . . . , .· , . _.-., :· ·. fro.rn: · 'claimil')Q · reimbursement; from . !~f),'.){ · Declaratlon_of bankruptcy or judicial liquida,tior:-r · · . cont~actor (A/SA v. NLRC;_, G.'R.- 'No. 111??.?,/;<:;~\ · must be present before ~he worker's preference, May ~!, f99!), , .. · _ . , . ·· · · . · !Jla~be en_for<;ed.~r~. J 1_0. ofthe.Labor C?de and · ·· · _ ·. ··. -, . . . . ·)i ,:,· ., .·,.._L.-~ ...:...~ts IRR.,.caQnot be rnvoke<;l by the enwloyees _ In fact; even in:th~ a?s~nc.e of Er-~~ rel~ti9~te..: '.!~ ;-~~:;,~~sJ.~\1:9.t;a: formal' declara\ioQ of ban~ruptcy ?r · between the · . u;1d1rec;t ·. employ~r,.:.;,~6d· ·the°') Gi · :a ~ltq1:11tf~ti:<;>n O'rder (DBP·. Y~-~NLf:?G, G.R.: No: independent "tbntractor's -work~t~,~oth .thr{i..,.)1 ·.. 108031/J"r[{!/Ch1, 1995). · · .
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- . ~:!!.!~~,,. .· : .. . , . .. t"l/ Ttie P.referent1al.·nght ac.cor<;l~ .to, employ~~s 1•{-,-r..--c;1nd wor.kers under Art. 11.0.may.be:invoked only .J~t~/·,.'•:_"-.1doffog.. bankruptcy or_ . : judii:!ial .. liquidation..
.· rne··piit.-cipa1_:sh~11·be deen'i~d· t~ve::~w~Joter-<}tJ .-
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is 'NOT ~pplicabl~ rn c,{s_e titio\\ c_mployc~-cprporption. 1s, und9r .r.ehibrhtafio~--(~~bb~rwor/a,In_?'. v. NL-f?.C~GR. .fif?i;if.?7rl_'r}?.Pfprjyt4,1999); ..
liable, such as:in.following cases,i.a§":decla~r.edby · . competent cjuthority: . . '· ~-\'¥:~j;)) .- '.. . . . 'i: . !-abor-only:conf!.acting;ana: 1-;f · ·. /f';F.,::;:-::i.~t!.~'iWoi!eedings · against' . the 'employer .-. (DBP :. ;.,: · · · 2. ·. Coti'tractirig :arrang~ment talli~~fwitl].ifl(fh~ · · · Secretary,ofDibor,.G.R. No. 79351_. November· · ; :: .. Prohibiti_ohs _,(B(iJadway .·_Motdf.~~:,,./Ji~-- V, ·. · 28, 198~).' . . . . .. · · NLRC, G.Ri· .N.o: '78982, Dec~m~er 14; · . ·,. f.987f . . . . . . .- . . . S1ispension of · pa'yments:_· brder . by. :Jhe 'SEC' . ~ /.~· -mandates the' l)olding ii) abeyance ~he filing or' the . Note: GeneralJy, theicRKER P.REF·E.RENce IN cAse 1-10 daes.r,ot .CQl)Stitute ~ fien.on the prope,r,tyof Uie OF. BAN.KRUPTCY . .·. . . insolvent debtpr:~in .favor· o(wqr)<ers. It i~'.just .a· .- In. th~· even\ 'of bankrqptcy or liquid~tion. ·of a_n preferen~e)n th~ir favor ·prefeired_:in appiication . -employer's business, his workers · s.hall· enjoy first Preferen.ce applies to claims which ao·not attach tci · s'pecific properties while' lien atfa.ches to ~ particular . _preference :as regards.their unp~ld ,;vages and either prop~rty'(DBPv. NLRC, GR .. No. ,79~51, Nov.ember rnon!3lary claim's/ar.,y provision'of !aw:to the contrary notwithstanding: Such'unpaid wages .and monetary . 28, .f 989). . c1arms :h-~Ube paid in ·full'before the ctaiins. of the
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ARTICLE 111: ATTORNEY'S FEES Rules: · ' 1. · 1n cases of unlawful withholding· of wages." .the . . . ' culpable party "may be assessed-attorl)ey's fees· . - ; .equivalent to 10.% oL,the. amount. of W?iges·.racc:-ver~.(~BO'R GODE, 111).
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N<;) employer shall° make any Qeductions from the employee's Wc\Qes except when· authorized to. do· S\J_ (~BOR 'COPE, ·Art. 113; . Wage Deduction)::. · · · · . ·. . .. · 4. · No employer· shall· Beq!,Jire the worker ·10 make . deposits from which deductions -shall' be made for reimbursement of. loss or-damage to tools.. materials; ··.or. equipment· supplied ·_by __ the : .Note: The 10% or,Jy··serves.as the·m~5cimum,of employer.except whenthe employer is engaged .the:.award ihat may. be granted.. It does riot. in SU Ch business . requiring SU Ch deposits ·as pr~clude th¢ Court from fixing an amour:i.t low~r determined-by the Secretary ·ef· Labor (J:..ABOR ·. than- .tl:1e. ten percent ·ceiling -prescribed. by ·the . ··.CODE, Art.. 114, Deposits for Loss or Damage);.·: article· - When· the cifci.JmstanceS · Wair.ant.· it . (Hoegh . Fl.e~t. Services ... Turallc( GJ:r No: 5.. No:employet $hall-~ake_~my QedLiction.fr~_m·th~·· . 2304.81; Ju1y·25_; 2017).. . ,., · · employee's.deposlts forthe actual..amount of the · . loss q( stamage unlessthe.employeehas. been . 2. · ltsh~·,;·be·unlawfl.11 for any person todemand or . · heard the~eb!) and f.lis__ responsibility has been . · -accept, tn · any·. judicial. or adrninlsfratlve, ··clearly shown ··(LABOR CODE, Art.·. 1·15, _ ~ proceedings for the recovery of -the wages, ·Limitati9ns);"-. . . . · : attorney's fees wh icti exceed· 10% of the amQ.!).IJ!,,-..=-..,.=§;:. · No . employer.. sh.a_ll. Withhold. any amount. from . , .. bf wages recovered (1:.ABpR CODE, Aq-::1-1:f.f). ~e~~g~s unless ·au~horize? to do so (LABOR ·_11_6,. Wtthhol?l_';g. of Wap_es .end Concepts of Att<;>,:ney's ...Fees: .,,~-( .. J _!.,. :::~"'-'=---=~ ... JS!ck!fac/JsVa:oh1b1ted); . · .. · . ·· · . 1. . ordinary ': rea~oriable co~~~siu~!J,:_Rslid''fo_a .:· 7. ""~~Jh,p!9/~:Alhall Jn_du~e the ~ITIPl?Y.ee·t~ give . lawyer by his 'client for the .l!:3gaJ\~P!1~es .hec-ha~~~-...---.l.11?..a~~p~t'.1 his :Hages · by force, stealth, . . rend~r~·d._ . . .. ~: .. ro) o::- "'\VT ·intir\)idat~~\«t1Jfe,!ordtsmtssal orbyany qt_her .: 2. ,Extraordmary-1ndemnityforaa'~ag~~ordere~l _.o 4~ _mea,rs Wil.l\6ut. t\ls (workerj-consent- (LABOR by .the. court to be paid· !$~he l9"i:,ing garty ii'\ a . :: ·. ·· coqp, ·.Air,(!~ \withholding of Wagf)~. and l.itigatio11 and-ls not to· bj.f:>,W-iJ•tb the lawyer puf. . ~:--~acks f?(d1Jlbit1d); . . . : . . . to elien_t,. ttnl~SS; thw~'fiav.1ragr~e.ciih~f~?.empl';)Y,ef·~_all . f:':ake · :Qe~u<;:tion~· as·: award. shalt pertain to thW. la)f-Y~r as an acld1t10~1;1~fil!lrml ~ .cq eratlo~Jofic.:i ~rom,.s~. of ernpli,yment or. . compensation or. as af"~a~ther~rf{~~*:£ ••.-...l~t. W, offfemp.lojnent (LABOR. CODE; . ~:f.. :.. R.~Ya/ Bank Empl~yee~ tl[lfltfilf!d§'Q.e~· d~nt_..V:Yffi. l ,1, ~ · 1~ ~'c!ucttdnc~ff;nsureEmployment); ·. · · · .· : NLRC;.G.R: filo, 120592~,1rAarch~14, }1!~~\/iJ··j}~~A~1J1PIO¥F~ shall/Refuse to ~ay:o_r ~educe the, ·.. · . ·.. '·. .· . . ,\ ' ·\_ .. ZP.~,a:z" J '-1:~~a~es: qOtJ "Def.l~»fa ~.r.ptJ,er.y1.se;d1sc::haf.ge the. · Note: The _extrabrdinary.conc~et -of a~m:ey~fe~,.....V.-# ~_jifplox,a\\'.hOtifS fil_edany complc!!inl und~r.thii, .: ·is. .tl)_e·.or.ie contemplated. in Ar:t\.\111. ot'1~__:_l;~~'i~:(~itl~6.r has t'est1fied o(.i~ about fo testify ih such : · .. Cod~ (Hoegh Fleet Services. v. "'J;Jf.,_ralfo;-;,<j._~?;__~ w:o.ce~$.iQ.9_~1(fLAB.QR C.ODE, · Art.. 118, · .·· 230481, ·July 26,.2017).. . . -~ ..f_9f.71-"'=-.r:-.' :~:::~(ahfJlO!)'!_Meas_ure~); ~"fld·. ,·. . ,, : : · .... : ... · · . · . _ · _ ..·~-;,._v.1 ·. l!Os_:~te)iployer.st:i_allmake ;:iny:~t~temento:_repo,:l · · GHAPTER · 1y: . P_ROH.IBITIQN~ .. REGARE>JY ...~ _.1.l"~_QJ,Ptec.ord.. ~n,owing· such· s_tat~ment, repo,:t or ~- WAGES . ·, . - .·. , .. : · . · · -_: '-'."=---r-.. .record· to be' faJse· in. any' materi~1 · respect ,.. . ... (l.:ABOR COD!='.Arf 1/91Fa/seReportirig).". . . . to c"orriman·d·m~i:it~for' t_he e~·p_loy~r:_. . . .. . . . : . . . . .. (IF-QR-DWID"-RefuseS) .. -,~ .. ARTICLE·, 112: : ·NON-INTERFERENCE··· IN. 1. .No employ~r shall fnt¢rfere with ttfe .employee.'.s :: . ._PI.SP.OSAL.OF ~AG.ES .· -· · ·. ·· · · . · · ·· · .. fr.eedom ·. to ..:<;11sp6se· .. of his wag·es .. (LABOR .. No einpJoyer .shall:· · · · .· . . . QO[)E,: Arl. ·:1-12, N.on-Jttferference Dispos~I of . - - : ·1 .. · Lim)t- or othe.rwise interfere··with. UJ°e freedom to. . W~gesJ;·_ · .. . . ... ·.... .-· .. · · . . . ~ . · . :' dis.pose wages· ' · ·· · . ·. · .·· . ·.. · . . : ·2,. No .er,:npl_oy~r shall Eorce, compel; or ·oblige .. ,' . 2 .. ·!=o'rc~~- · CO'T!pei or. ol;)lig~ · his· erriployees to . employees . •, "to. . p.1..irch~se.. : metch_g_ndise,. . . j:>urchas.e: merchandise, ec:,mino~itie_s;,"or ;other . . ... commodities or . pJher. 'property:. from .. the .. properties "from the employer or"from· any"other .. e"rr:,p_loyeror.from·any other.person, or otherwise person, or otherwise make use of any store or . . ~ake ,use of any: store. C)r· services. of such . . se,:vice ot such.·employer or. ·any. other;-p~rson employer or: any o~her person ,(LABOR CODE, ···(LABOR CODE;,-Art. ·112). · . ..···. · .. Art. · 112,· ._Non:./nterferenea· in DJSi,osat of. · · : · ' · · · : ·wages):_ . ·. . " Note:.. Any vio.latior, of 'the _provision· subjecfs. ·the·:. offender to the··gen·eral penalty clause in Arl ·288 of _the-Labor·Code (rAZU~ENA,supra at411). _.
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.c. Court judgment, but only for debts incurred . · for food, shelter, · clothing, · and medical :· · attendance .(CIVIL copE, Ari. 1708).
Art. 1705. The laborer's wages shall be paid in
legal currency. ·· · 2. Art. 1706 .. Withholding of the wages, except for a debt due, shall not be made' by the employer, . 3. .Art. 1707. The laborer's wages shall be. lien on the goods manutactured or the.workdone.: . 4. · Art, 1708. The laborer's. wages. shall. not b@,.' subject to .executton or attachment except for . debts incurred-for food, shelter, clothing; 'and . medical attendance. . . 5 .. Art; rzos, The employer shallneither seize nor retain any tool or ofher articles l?~ior.iging.Jo the , laborer. · · ·
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ARTICLE '-114: DEPOSITS FOR LOSS. OR DAMAGE General Rule, No employer sHall require his worker · to make deposits ferthe reimbursement of loss ofor : damage to m'aterial;·eq4ipmeht, or tools supplied by. . the ·employ.er (L.ABOR CODE; Ari. 114). .. .
. Exceptkin: .' When the i;ade, occupation ©~ .. businesses oftheemployer recoqnizes, or considers .. the· practice ·of making deductlons or requiring ARTfCi.J~ 113: WAGE DEDUCTIONS: · deposits necessary' qr desirable as determined by G~ne.ral Rule: Wage.deduction is strictly prohibited·. !he Secretary of Labor.(LA$0R'CODE, Ari.. 114) .. (LA_BOR CODE,Art. 113). ·. · . · ·. · . . . · · · . _; ~ .. EX ti ·. ~-. -: . . '.. . · ~ Note: Deductlor;is. or requiring' cash deposits is 1: c~t~°E~ploy~e's Conse~~ In Writing · /';)'";,. a.llowed in prh,at~ ~ecurity agE:r.icie7 as a recoqnized . . lh,,.>·.,4\ .. and reasonable industry practice given the nature of · a. ss.s payments (1 AZUCE_NA. ~upra at 4/ifi'.i/c9'f\ the service/busiriess (LaborA&visory, No: 11 (2014J, b. , Ph11Health payments (Id.), . { vi.-, .. ,.. r1J\ Sec 3) .c:~ Contributions to Paq-lblq Fund (Id);_: /ii~·;;:~·:'f;;-,,"r~;, ·. d .. Value. of meals and. other -fac1hfJ_e§',.(t!?..:r1.1~ .... Re.~us's1~~~:•of-Deduction for Loss or Damcige: . AZUCf=NA, supra at4_11); .. A~:fY· V ( (SO'i=E)~-~j.\_: · . . e. ·. Payments· to thirdpersons wµh:;erilployee}f),::.-Jf 1: . ·The- e/itoyee : is clearly Shown to be· · consent (/RR ofl:,.~bor Oode, Bfa'q,'51!1,RU~i,.,.;1~ · · respon~i~Je~orthe loss or damage; ' . f·. VIII, Se_c,J3); and .. ·. ·,'u;.1'-f 2. The· i1nPi10Y~~ is· give~· ample Qpportunity to -Dedt\Ctto~ · . for tmpar~_abs~ce'si' (b',;.. ~;~· _ . shovfca.u1fewhy deduction should not be made; . AZUCENA_,-supr~ at b~ 3. . Tu~l--~fil.9.};1.$,1'9t,.,the deduction is . fai_r and . ·· · ·., · . . . ._~./' .~.b,~r: <:t~, .. r~· re.:tsel}§ple~a_n~1?1ia1Jnat·exce~d the actual.Jo~s 2. W1tho~t ~mployee's ConS~.J:!t~_.. fr;~::';) R\J ·. f~} . .or dam,'igij;~n1:f: . , · · .. . . · . a. Urnon. dµes, w~ere the .r1g'hf· ltti:;.bec];offh.t'$. : 4: The _deduction from :the. empl9yee';, wa~e does _b~en recognized by _t~~t ~~~l?>ier )1 . ~!h,f'"'~fl?( gxceed 20% of lhe employee's. wag~s in a AZ.UC~NA,.supra at 4-11), . ~-•--::::~ ...:.._...J,~·"~.!;·r•W,~,.(/RR of Book Ill, Rule.VIII, Sec. 11): . Cljeck~off .1s a. system by wh1~):1Yurnon .d(f~g.,,-•.;tl'i!:1....: ........:1.H!.;.i~ · . · · ·· · . . and ot_her. as:,essments are cf~f;f!-,Jctep'fftom. · .-'Note: Art ·1_.1;4 provides for·the rule ori depqsits··f.y:th~··errfR~Y,1t~upon.. · . lo~s ?r: damage t_P. to<;>ls, ~aterials·. or equipm~nt _ · author1zaJ1~n from_the worker or by _marn;lafe . supph_ed .by the employer. The same·do~s ..not l?PPlY . of the· law. The· .•.ern·pl.oyee's ·:eh:eck.,.,off .. . to. or: permit depo~its·tb defray :any deficiency, which authorizaJion.eyen if.de.i;l,cfredirrevocable,. is ·.. tt)e· taxi .driver may incur" in-;the remittar:ice of his .. · good.. :·only. ·as . the. employees ·--~einain: "boundary': (FivE{J Taxi.v.N_tRt, G.R.. No. 111474, members ..·..Of the unioh. :concer6~d .. (.1, August·22; :/994), .
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· ARTl~L.~·11s: LIMITATION'S.
·· . b. . ·C1;1ses where· th·e employer. is. auJhoriz~d_by' law or regulations issued by the Secretary of .Labo·r-.(lbid);
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3. .'when.Authorizei;i~yLaw . · · . a. Deposit for loss/breakage.· (Labor''Advisory,. No. 11 (2014), Sec. 3). · · · . : . : · b .. In cases .where the· employee is inoebted to , :th~ employer, where such indeptednes.s has .. become 'due · and demandabl.e (C,ViL · ·. ·. CODE, Art. 1705); and ..
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employee Jor . the· actual amount' .of the' lo'ss. or. damage. sJiall- b'e made tmless th'e employee has bel:!n· heard thereoti .and his r~sponsilJility has· been .clear.ly sh.own (LABOR 1:15)... . . . ., ..CbDE,·Art. ~. . ' .
No. de.ductjon .from the deposits of an
.ARTICLE 116: WITHQLDING· OF WAGE~ AND KICKBACKS . .. . . . . It shall 'be unlawful for ariy person, 'directly_ .or - indirectly, to\:vithhqldai'iy amount from the wages of a ·work:er qr.:induce hirn'·b.give up' any· part of his wages by force, stealth; intimidation, threat.cir l?Y any . .0:th~r mea11s whats9ever without his (worker) · consent (LABpR 'C_ODE, Art. 116).
2019 SAN SEDA LAW CE:NTR,6,LIZED BAR OPERATIONS
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·ARTICLE 117:· DEDUCATION Th . ENSURE EMPL.OYMEN1 It sha"II beunlawtulto any make deductions from the wages of- ar:iy employee . for the beneflt of. . the. .' employer or his representative or intermediary -as · consideration of ~ .promise of employment or .. · retention of employment (LABOR· CODE, Arl.-117). .
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ARTICLE. 122: CREATION OF REGIONAL. TRIPARTITE·. WAGES . AND PRODUCTIVITY ~OARD. . . Who May S.et the Minimum Wage:. . 1. Regional Tripartite -Wages and Producjivity . Board (R,:WPB),. subject · to :the . glJidelines prescribed by the NWPC; and· . 2·.
ARTICLE 118: RETAl.lATORY·MEASURES :it shalt be ,,frilawful for an'employer to refuse to pay or reduce the :-wages and benefits; dlscharqe- or -in' ariy manner; discrin:ii11~te aga(n!;fariy.employee who' .has filed .a.rjy complaint orInstltuted any proceedlnq '. under this Tit!~ or has·te,stmed orls-about to testlfy. .- . . in· s~ch proceedings '(LABOR_.COOE; ArJ ", 11_Br . · .
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Composltlon ofJHWPB: . . 1. ReqfonalDirectorof DOLE as Chairman;
~- Regional' Director· of N_EO~ as Vice· Chairman; .3. Re_gional Director of.QTI as V,jce'Ct,ajrmc:1n; ... 4. 'Twojnembers from the 'emptoyer's.sector; · 5. Two members from the 'worker's sector: ·and . · 6.. Secretariat '(LABOR CODE,·Art.)22).. · · . ARTICLE 119:.FA.LSE REPO'rU~NG ,· ·. . .1 ·• It ,s_hai'i· be. unl'awful. for any person to 'make any . Note: RlWPB has' no rule-rrrakinq power. 'it is the . statement, report or.record.filed' or kept pursuantJ2,....---,f.i.WPC which is vested with .tlie power to promulgate. th: p_r:o_vision.s.of t~is ·c_adek~_owing_-!;>uch ~!9-tent;nt,·1 y -r~'i"t~~~d"'~ui_d?Jines for appr_opriate minimum .wage · . report-or- record to be_fals~·1n-.an~!):}~et'1al r~)'?_ect 'L_) -jati),4 _W~\1t,l1.~1ty measures= (LABOR CC?DE'.. Art. ·(LABOR CQDf=!.f!Jt .. 119)._ · . f.. ~,=-~-=t2JJ!f) aq~J{'~ ·.. . :- ... · . · ·· :
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C_H~PTER'. . V: .. ~AGE ~;T,UDl:~;;./'~AG~"'--~RlW.J!B't· u~l~~,2 .,::::__c~FJ.E!fl- · 1 ~2.yp&I' r. 3 Co!!li;ni~sl~n (l",IWF'~).. ·f.· ;..·-"!I~ ·. . · · ~·~1-~, /t'.~ IJ,. · ~. · · ·, · ·.· '1 .. s_~c~~t~r:y·oftabo.r;.. s\ ~ ~-~:....~-s':.~RTl~t~i3: 'f'IAG : ~RD~R .. ' . . . . . . ·. 2. D1r~ctor-q~neraf.of l)IE~f.·· r:r~:Oi:il'erre.ttrs~te5-\fle {>rde,r,promulgated by the 3. 'Two {2}..members. fro~ t~X.:empi~yer ~t~~~6rsujhttoit'~~waQEf~xingaut_hority.(NWPC . 4._ Two (2) m~m.bers from·tti~wor;l<e\sse ·{<2Jl'~it· · · ''J;!f!f?.!:Jip6sNr,f. 01:97,psec. 4(n)): · ·. . ·. · ·. ·· · ey. S~retcJi'i'at (~xecu~ive·Dire:~tor _~n~two~tQY~~·,r"'...:X.2.(_ ,:fv · · )'.: . . ·. ·, : . . . - ·. · . . D1re~tors) (LAB(?R ·CQDE1 Alf.· 121 ). '\,.:: :- S()Jr~rft~a~e ~fder.estal>'Ji~hes the minim.um wage rates. :··. · · ·. • . · · · . . ..,. · ;,-~~~ ..,;;:.z~'?-~·~'d~~r:nployersin'!he region; wh_ich shall in . ~J,ICLE·'.121;:'POWl;:R~ -~~ F.~_Gl"_!9)!,I~ .!:)F;;;.'bu.-=--Tf~Gl,l(~..,~...)<:fwE:r·than the. appll~able statutory _ THE.CQMMIS$10N ·:· . .- · · :. . . ·-,~ 1\ _A 1~1~aj-~9erates {N'-4!PC-Gti!delme.sNo. 0.1-07). ·. The National _Wag,f~S and Pr.o~uctivity C9mliil~iioil lV .ti.A-~,::? · . . .. : · . ·. . . _ · '· s.h~l!·haveJhe :following.tuncttons:-·. .' . . , · _. ~=Kwageorder-is _issqed. l;>y the RTWPB whenever th~. 1. ... Act'..a~ .nJ1tiorialconsultative ab:d· a:dvisory·.body . conditlOl':1S in the regiol) "sQ warrant.after investigating . ·. -on'matter.s nilating:·toWIP·;_·: .. · ···:· ,· ' ·: ' and studying ijll pertln~nt fact~ and:bas~d- on the ·-~- 2. . ;For'ir:iµJate·. pcil.iciei, · and: gliideline·s, WIP · · · . standards and,criteria priscril:?e~:fby the Labor Gode'.- . · . ··'im.proverri_ent~t EIN-Jey~ls;_. . . ;_ · . , · . · .· _The Regronal:Board prti~eecls to deten:nine.whe'the.r ., 3. · P[escrib~:·.. -ru'les ,: and · : regulation~ ·· for' · . to isi;;ue the.same:or.not (LABQRCODE, A,t;· 123).. : ·deterrtiitlation ofmiilinium-Wage_and' p(ocfuctivity . . . .. . ' ·.. . · · measores·· . . ·. · · ·· · · · · : · · Coverage · . .. · . .. . ·. · . ·. 4. ·Tec;hnlccf and adn;iiofstrative 'supervision over'··.. General rule: Wage increases pr'escribed by.wage · ···RTWPB'· ·· ,· ·. .. ·.. orders· ap.ply. to an-:workers and ~mpJoyees)n ·the·. -5.'. ·Call'. .·a· .. n~tional tripartite·. GO'hfer~ric·e for ' priyate '• sectot .- regardless.· of .their ·position',. cons,lqeration·' of measures to;· promo~~ wage_ . des"i'gna,tion. ,or statu~ ' of . BIT)p_lQYl"flent, ' and· ,' ·ration'alizatiori and 'productiv_ify; : ' . .' ·. . .• 'irrespective of the' rtiethoi;I: by which.their,'wage$ are Revie~ regional wage'Jev~ls s¢'t b.y Rlw.PB if.in:·, paid. (IRR·of R.A.,No. 6-72!i:Sec .. 1). : , accordance with pr.escribed.gllicjelines;. ' , , • I , , • • . ' 7. · Undert.ake stu'd1es, research~s··and surveys;·_anc:1 .Exception: Such. wage increases do not :apply to: . collect,. compile· -and disser'niriati:3. information · 1. Ho-yseh0ld or dqmestic h_elper~ (!RRof,R:A. No~ · ·. VV.1P.; arid .. · · · . . ·· · · . . · .· 6727 Sec. 1);. · · · · ·s. Review·Plans.and prog~:m~of RTW~B.(LABOR CODE, Aft. 121).. ' .. . . . '
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Note: Since family drlvers are now excluded. from, the· definitio.n of. domestic workers, the· minimum wage·of family drivers shall now be tlie minimum wage prescribed for private esta?lishments (NWPC Resolution No. 01-.17).
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not be dj_$.lurbe.d for a period oftwelve (12) months from its· effecti.vityarid no petition for wage increase shall be er:1tertai!5ed during. said · per-iod (NWPC .Guidelines · No. 01~'07, RULE'IV,·sec; 3). . , . . . . . ' ..
Workers ot duly .registered . Barangay · -Mi.cro · . .. Business Enterprises (BMBEs) with. Certificate of Authority pursuant to· R.A. No. 1 M'44 (2019 ~' . ... · Handbook on Workers' Statutory · Monetary
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Appeal /,- . . . . .. . . · A pany·aggrieved·by a Wage Order may appeal to :y .a.· Outside NCR; .., the NWPC not later..than tin (10) days from the date· i:.. . b. · Established within two (2h. years from . of the publication ·of the Order (NWPC Guideljnes .effectivity of Order; and · . . ..-;).· No: ·01~07,.RULEN,-Sep;)). · · · · :c.. · AgricuitlJrc!I or :with total assets of PSM i.. • . . . . . below. . · . ·: . · ... r:;;,;,;:·:~, _Effect of Appeal · • · . . . . . 3~ ·. Retail/s~rvLce.-·~stablishr(lents en:ip_loying p;i91;: :•~;A· ·It does _not operate.to sf~y th~..ard~r unless the party .·. more than .10work(;lrsfor at.least six (6) mo~th~.;;-:•t,.,! :..8P.P,_eahng· s.uch order shall file with the NWPC an in ·~mrcaleridaryear;_' apd . . .. . . /,,/' ti:{;r;;:::b.n~-~~l.(i~;:;~ith.a surety o~ s~_reties (surety b?nch. . . ·4. · . Establ_1~hments . adver~ely: affected.,..J?0aturnlv ri. . --satts.factory·~i,3 the . ~omm1ssi_c;i.n .tor payment to . catamit1es (NWPC ~woe/mes .Nf :,,07, Seq_. employees /;a~_ected_ ~y ; the : order of t~e . CQrr~~pom1J.n~ 1.icreaser}~.the eventsuch ord~r IS ;.? . . .... !tC affirmed_(!fFJ~of~-A- 6727, Rule V, $ec. '?)- . ·. . Note: Exemption 1s determine~by R"fW'J2B, an.cl· · ;.:~l . 'j/· · ~ · should _not_ exceec_i one y.ear.J.t\he aee_li~i3tion. fo'R' l--,i1 G_ro~z;!5!~.. .~i:OV~geor:~(,!r: (NQ~) . · ex~mption 1s no.tapproved, co'l(~red,wer~e~,shalr;~.e , ?'~ 1 .. ,MoFJt"ffio-{~it;~1th · ,prescribed · gu1del1nes. , paid "th~ mandated. ~age inc\eas<¥P,.I_~~simplej .· . ~:..1 · : · anci1b~:12fi9.¢$1"t!ifk . , · ·. · . . interest of. on.e P,ercer:Jt.. (1 %) ·p~,r!l.9:f.itti~Jb'~~p:_ !·.;/ . 2 .. Qu~_st10.ns.of l.;1w;:and' : ·· . . · .. . · Guidelines No. 02.~07, See. ·.12). · ~-~ _,: r;iir;,~-~~r.aveabuse of d1sc_r~t1on (NWPC Gu1delmf:}S • . . . . · . . · \~,:_....-·.;;.': · ),;-;1~:;r:"•11/:yQ:«..QJ-07,.. Rule \I, .Sec. 2), · . · Effectivity · · · <''0-~ • ./7/;:,c;;::'·;.,......;..,;.£'l' ·~~~ ·· · ·· . · · . · · ·· It· shall take E:ff~~t a~er. fifteen (15) ~~-~-fr~ts . · D<:»ct~ine of pou~i1;dl}dem~i~ ,·. ·. . .. · ,..... :<· . compl~te pubhc~t1on .in at.least one (1)'·'1!!.~WstJaper Dpuble · Indemnity ·refers: to· the... pen_alty·.'JO, i:JO. --·: . -- _of ;general circ_ulatibi:i · i_n· t_he region.-"lNWPC · af!l_ount equivalei,!f...:to·~ tw_ic~~·:the.; \J[ijJ~itl, :.~~-li~fi_t~t.t-' GuidelinesNo. 01-07, RULE}V; S~c. 5). .<>wm~ to employee/s ·due _to·, _no.n.-payment.. ~y :ari .. ~mployer of.fheprescri!:ied incre.a.ses'o~adjµstrn.~n!i ,.· in the .wage rate .(D.'O. :1,83-·1-1, .Ruf~)/,. S.e9:.~~1:{g)). '.;:,: . . N9te;. ·- Public hearings· . and . publication · -are • • • . . . .• .. . . o,.. :_·:.: ·:··.. •. .. ' •. mandatory: Wage ~rder issued by theo · Regional ~npal'd ~~n0fi,s . ·. · : ~·. ;~·-f~. . . .~·· _ ·. Wage Board without-.the required public head.rig or' The. prescribed v;ag_l{~ates whicli .the. e·mployetfail~d ·. c·onsultation,~and ..without pµ.blication··in· newspapers to pay upon the-eff~ctivity'of a.wage order, exdu~ive . of' ·g~ner:al 'circuiation' shall \)13 struck.· dowtr for .of.~therw~ge.-related benefits. '. ' . · violatiorrof Art. 12.3. of. the Civil' Code · ( Cagayan .. ·. . Sugar .Milling_Co: v.. Sec. of Labor, G.R: Nr;, •. 128399, . Note:. ·unpaid ~enefits s~i:ve;·as· the princ.ipal ba~is Ja~uary 1~, 1998) .. · .. · . · . ·.' .. . . for computing the double indemnity· (p. o:. fO,: Sec. 2(k)(199.8)/ . . · , · . · .·. ·. . : . . RTWPB,.riot NW.PC~ appr~ves ·a Wage,O_rd~r .. The'RTWPBs are empowered "to determine and fix. wages of.apprentices· and Jearn.e.r$ si,a11.in no case iJ!infmµm.wage rat~s _applica~ie.'in their re'gions• 'and be les~ -_t.han· 75o/o - of the · applicabl~· s.tatutory . ··to· issu.e · the correspondtng . wage ·. ·orders:" minimum wage rates (/RR of R.A. No... 6727,- Sec. · . Furnishing· NWPC a cppy of .the Wage Order does 10).·. . . . . . . ·. n'ot mean seeki.ng tt:ie _Corjlrriission's. approval. _Wh?t. needs prior appr_oyafis .not:the wage·order'but.it~ . implementing .rules a.nd·regu.latiq!')S (1 AZUCENA, :supra at 421). . . . .
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ARTICLE 124: STANDARDS/ CRITERIA: FOR'·· MINIM_UM WAGE FIXIN~-
degrees of responsibility, the . skills and knowledge required, the complexity ofthe [ob.ior. other logical basis . of . differentiatfon. For . purposes Of determining the existence .of" wage · 'distortion, employees .cannot create their· own independent classificatlon, which .is a matter ofrnanaqerrient judqmant and discretion· (Bankard· .Employe·es : Union::Wor.kers A/Jiance . Trade Unions v-, NLRC, G.R. No. 14068e, February 17, ·.
Factors for Determining Regiorial . Minimum Wage Rates.: (CNN-: WIP.E.D-FE) . . · 1. 'Needs of workers arid their families: .. . a. Demand for·living 1N,;1ges; . . b. . Wage adjustment vis-a-vis the consumer price index; . · . · · . · ·. · . . 2004).' c. Cost of living and ch.anges or increase .therein'.; . · . . .. · d. Needs· of workers and.tbelr families; and .2:·: '§ignificant' chanqe o·r increase in .the salary rate e. lrnprovernents lnstandards ofli:ving. .ofa lower pay class -without a corresponding 2.. Capacity to pay · · · . : .· . · · .'. ..·· increase in thesataryrate ofa highe,r.qne;. : · .. . a. _Fair return .. of. the capital Invested and.. 3: The .Elimination'.of the "dis'tinction between the ', capacity to pay. of employers two groups·O_r classes; and . . . . 3. Comparable ·wages.·a·nd Income 4.. The Qistortion exists In the· same region of the a. Prevailir19'wage levels . country (Alliance Traqe VniOl)S v.. NL:RC, G.R. 4. · . Requirem·ent of. ecenomic : and . · socjaL,~---~.2,..__: · No -, 14Q689, February 17, 2004).. development
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lwi>~~f~o/~egally O~liged to Correct · Wage -oell!~b;>.,rt~~'tl~;.~; . . . . b.. ·Effects on employmen!l9e[le'r.~~j1" and . :rh~e~p19Y~r:\.,a1;1_d the union .shall _negob~te to family income; and . ~f" ··~0 ,;,_,,.,~~~-or.te~t ·tn_~{':isfoi:tl.qns. If there is no union; the - .c, ···Equitable· distribution gfi6'poff!!anfwealt~ .·"'~.mploy~·,rar.i,.f ,ij. · ~ ...;.f!ote:_i-1e.mere~fq.ciu<j1l~ex1stenceofwa~e d1stort10_~ ho~evif;J'~Q\fqcto ~esult ~o _an obligc;1tion TW(? Methods _of M1mm~mr1J!@e(f1xmg:\ ~~~fo-:;rect1!rJ!· T".ie· ~W-s1lyf "by v1rtu'e of a law or wage 1. .Floor-"'.Vage method··-:-ii.1n1to_1.¥,s t~~i[IJ! of~::}..:....s·ordei::,;~~~irJ,h,9 effofs to. m.ake corrections, the . deterrn_inate ameunt _I,?,,r ~~~,ad.d~~%!~7!}~ J:Yt~ if}terro((ol. _cover .all kil'!dS of . wc1ge, prevailing statutory m11't11u1m ·.~ag~~\~1,-:( ~e ts e;,9: that ~f.ising fr~_rn a board re.solutfon· AZUCf:NA, supra·at_432)~,~n,d·- \. ~, -!..?--~~,,; I -~,,, ! ;a n.,¢w s~la.w· scale (BanJ<_a'.d Employees 2~ Salary-cap.or Salary C,e1~9 -'-Jll~_h. . ne.~~~V~~ .- /or,~€frs' Alheftice Ttac!e Unions .v. ·NLRG, ·the··wage adju~ti:nent~ is-,._~ _,be ai!pli ..d
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\~.. The penderrcy of .a dispute- arising from. a wage ?_ distortion shall not ·in any wa'ij .delay the application of -any wage increase· prescribed pursuant to- the r.:···r:;i~~n~.of.law or Wa_g~·..Or~er (R.~. No. 6727, ,,.. ·. Formula -~~_rR_~_s.ol~l_ng-".'.age·°.lst~'rtiorr
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Not~: As a matter ·of pollcy.: the. 6t~te· ·pr9.mot¢:>' co1lective-b.arg·ai11lng_as theprimary modeotsettllnq . ,·. Given:· -. · · · · ·. .. · . . w~ges and other ·:terms· and condltions': ·q_f . ( · Existir\g--_riiihim~'!i w~ge_ i~ P300 d1;1y.. · employment. Thus.. the mere fact that th.e statutory ~ . 'I: Em ployee's daily wage, 1s· P350 .~ . · · rrrlnlrnurn :wage. has- b'een increased through wage . · ·Ma11date.cf~?QEiin~rea~e.is,P45 per day · order does not-preclude t~e. partlesfrotn voluntarily ~-. .. .- . . . .. . .-. . . : . . . entering into ,..a. collecting 'agreement·. for ,higher Computatlon: . . . /';;; wages _(R,A 6727,, Sec.. 2; and LABOR CODEi·Art. !j;.'• • 0 857 .. ~/'·.,/,:!{_' 218(1)). b°;<".. .' ./·," ,;,.'.:·'':\· . ~x P25 j. ,; -'1 :,·!"';'_, ARTICLE-' · ·126: PR9HJBITION .AGAINST r' \( . . . _;! r I ... ·; ,t..J.N:.J.YNCTIO~, . . if~ P ~1·4}/ t· )~.::::..'.:.:.Pi:9_c~e21n'ef~.··pf the NWPC .or Jhe -RlWPB. are f.t·. P,3.50.QO : 1, 7 !-( beyoncHtfe·r~~chpf tt\e injunction pow~rs of judlelat ~:: :.-'" .. . . ..,.J). or quasi-judif;~l bodies (LABO~ CODE,AH. ·126). +.:P 21.43"/; <~ ·. · t H ·t, · · . · · · .· -~; iW~fa · . j,l 'Purp~se:j1r:i}lo~er _for the .'Board/C9_1T1mission !O ii:' .. :.· .. . . . . . .,, . ··perform}ts ~w~t~ and functio.ns_sp.eedily without · (Metropolitan-Bank- & Tr.u~t-Gif.- 'f=mp1oy_ees Umor'f'-\ 1 , ! regard J,fo' tibnec\ssary il'lte.rvenfioris th~t may· t AttJ-TUCP ·v. 'NLRC, {3_;&1 .~o~~}_,t,iJ2{i6,· · (,-j :tremeB"do11$fl'affe6l~Jhewage-fixing ,f1,1nqtio'ns_ (1 . ·,..11~·.J POQUIZ:.:··~•• P..··1;~~:;,;1.t.379. ,_ it'-~- · September10, 1993; Wage Ofdei.r.Jo:,.,tq;.(?2 • ~ . rescrioed .by . Congre~s relafecl , ~oAc;~rte~ a?ti~itjes· as. ~ode~1Jit~Mlvi':9 (LABOR CODE, 1 ~7). ·· · · · .· · ( · disputes or controvers1es•.. St!3gmg.a·stnReifor said , ·· re.as.on.is a violatiooofthe·~~ndate'of R.A. N._o:67'27 .CHAPTER. VI:. ·AD~ll\ll~T~TIQN AND r.,. pr~vidjng:for voluntal)'.negotiatio:hs(a_nd a1rb8_ i~ka1ti?dnin · ·ENFORCEMENT · f· sol'ving wag~ _dlstor'tio·n probl_ems. flaw a u. o .. ng. ! ·. M.an~gaga,wa·I(. N~RC, :GR.. No: .91980,: fane 27, ART.ICLE128: Vist'rORIAL AND ENFORCEMENT.·· -t· 1991}~· · · •, . . . . : . · -~OWER·.. ·. ·. · ·.... :. . . : .. ·.. . . . .. . ·. .
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T.he DOLi; . has.. a total·· of 1'6 Regiqn,al.· Off.ices nationwide· ·each one· of · ther:n is headed· by · a R~gional DJrector. The DOLE' Regional Dkectorsa.re the duly· "auttioriz¢d. repre~en~tives~ of 11:\l;l. DOLE Sfi}cretary referred'tti.in·Art. 128 of-the' Labor Code which gra.nls-to.them bqth~visi~oti~! and enforcerri·ent: powe.rs:They.are in charge o_fthe adrninii,lrc1tion a_nd .· ·enforcement of · .tabor ·. 'standards :a within- their· re.spe'ctive ·,erntoriaJ ..- jur:iS€1ic~oriS: · Ru/es. on: the. Dispositionof Lab¢>,: Standard Case~ Irr theRegional'. . Offices Rule·/ Sec 3) . . .. . . . · · · ' · ' · ·· . ·
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through a p-etltion\~rcerii~rari ·und~r Rule ss of the Rules -of. Cour_t (Bombo Radyo. Phik, Inc. ·v. -Secretary of the DOLE, G.R. No .. 179652, March 6, 2012).
Nature of Proceedings and Quantum of Evid_ence. T~e proceedings before the. Regional· Office shall _be summary and non-litigious in ·'nature, The R~gional · .Office may, however, avail itself of all reasonable ·means to ascertain. the facts. or the- controversy speedily" and objectively; i{lcluding ,oc1,.1lar inspection -· and. · exarnirialibh,, of .weJHntormed . ·perso.(ls: · SubstanUal:.evisition, of Labor Standard· Cases . in· the RegiMal Offices, Rufe.I/, Sec.-,.12).· . '\. .·
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The. exi.ste11ce·of ·an Er,E:e r.elationship.is a statutory pr~requisite .to and a· lir:nitation on _the' power of the · Secretary of Labor, one which:the legislative branch . is · ~.ntitled ·. to impos.e (People's Broa·dc.asting v. Se~retary "<;,~ the DOLE, ~-R. No. 179652, May 8, 2()_09).
. '. Jurisdiction . . · · ·, -; T!'te: DOLE hasquasi-judicial power atteast to ', th.e . The -DOLE. Reqional. Directors: .ha:ve . original. and· . extent necessary to· dstarmlne violations of labor · excluslvejurlsdtctlon .over the _follo.yir19cases: . : · .. standards provision. of the'· .Code. and other. labo.r 1 ... Labor standards enforcement cases under- Art. leqlslation. The SOLE or th~. Regional Directors cari I '., 128;. .. . .. ,: ··· lssuecompuance ordersand writsotexecutlonfor ·.2. Small. money claims cases .arising from labor . the enforcementithereof (Jethro Intelligence & .. standards -violatkms · iri , the amount J!.,O~~c.utity'Corp. .'f· Sf3_cretary of D(!LE, .G.R. ·,vo: · exce~ding .P~.000.00 and not accomp~g.ietl·wffh 1\1 t: ~§~.,_~ugus_t14, 2009). · · · .a claim for reinstatement underArt~9;. ,L_., Ji:} I .&" "'~~ , . . . . ·· . . · 3.. '. Occ~pati~mal safe~y and · health)ljbl~fi6ns{~ ~-=-,.==1!:._W.J;_r· ,il:o;~~teJIY)!_lle Existence . of Er-Ee 4. Reg1slra~on of µ~1ons·a~d-9n~lt~t19-t1{t~~f; . . KelatJ~~;;h"•_P,~~, .· · · : cases filed qgamst. urnori,f" ar\Q_y'Q~er,,4.Jae~- -....:r4t.EO~R{"'9~f\h.av?·the power to det_ermt~e . relation~ related•~ases; '. :.f ,(}""> · ~ '{"~~tne~ &~rie.!J{tVl,fp1oyer-:mplo~ee r~lat1qnsh1p 5 .. Complaints against pn~ate -1:i-J~«utm,ent:_a~, J',-... ~~sts.: ~pdtli~r~ to _dec1d.~ wllethe~ ~r hot to placement agencies· pmPh¥S:~)?Kqr.rs. _1,11 determmmg the _ emptoyment; and ;( ~~. r~x1:>ter:1¥e of_ an,.(=-:E ~el_?.t!onsh.1p, DOLE ·lias a ready 6. Cases subrnjtted to!/ r.tf:iel<Jl!f for · ~olulifa.~~ u11 · ~~~f.~u dehnes,.,?"'fc'.:!lfol the $arne guide the jJJdlCl<;il·_re~1~w,-·rot.rev1ew·by _the NLRC ·NLRC (Bombo Rady() Phils., Inc. l(. [email protected]· J..:VU.ftton]/JJJtRadyq Ph1/s., In~. y., Sec;r~tary ofthe DOLE, . : DOLE, GR. No.:179652, March 6; 2Q12).· .. · ~~S.:f?: No: 17fl652,.·Mwch6, 2p.12)... , .
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. _ If'.. the" DOLE finds .. that thiiir~ ii/ -~·o·: ~fl'lplo)ier- . . empl<;>yee . relationsh_ip, the. jµrisdi,;::tjon is . properly · . 'th th N · · · · · · W1 • e .. LRC.:T~-~ law,accords,a prerc;>gative to.th!= . NLRC O"'.~r. a.. cl::irm .yh~n :the :employer~_mplo.yee rel~tiO!)~hip has te'rrninat.ed.or SUQh. r~_latio_r1sl;liphas . riot. ar.isen at all. (Bomb.a 'ia<;iyo Phi(s.~ Inc-.. v.. · .. · -$ecretary orthe DOLE,G..R. No. 1796~2, March 6; . 20_.12), : . .._· ._, . .lf:a cornptaint.'is· ffled with· the DC:.?.LE, and iLis . acc9inpanied !=>Y a· claJm 'tor .rei.nstatement, tl')e Jl.lrisdiction is properlfwith th~ l,,abor.Arbi_ter(LABOR. . (X?f?E, Art: ... 224(3)). .. . . . · .. · · . · . NLRC{ ; it~ ~om~laiht is.flied wit~ the ~~:d.there is 's_ti;, _ari existing . eml?lo_yer--employee· relationship, ·.the· · jurisdi~tion is properly with the,DOLE. The ·findings of the. DOl,.E, however, may· still · be ques(ioned 0
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d~y. or' night :wheri!;!Ver. work,°js being. undertaken therein:· ··1f in_c_l~des· ·ti,e rigtino. copy theref(ori1, to QU.Efstion _any employee )ind inv~stigate· any f~ct,
conditio·ni or )natter wnich may ,b~ r1e1>essary to. de.ter!lli.ne viofations· or. Y.','.hich ' may..: ·ai~. ' in . ·the e.nfo_i:ce_m·enfof._the Codt;i ·<:Jn<:1-of any labor Jaw; ~age_ order, or. fl.lies .and r.~golations· (JRR.of Lab9r Code, -Boo_klll, Rule x,;sec,,_1J.. · · ·. . . . · · .. ·., Enforcement Pciwer is the power of the.-Secretary of_ Labor t9 compel _employer to. comply with labor . standarc:ls upon finding of. vi<:ilations di~cover~d in u:,e course of.t~~ ex~rcise of the visitorra·,power·(IR~ of Labor C()de~Book Ill~ Rufe_X, Sec, 2).
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Vi~i-to"r.iai~nd -~nf~rcemerit Po..;..,er . . . ... : Visitpr.ia.! F>,o...,e_r_is- the JJow~r:odhe SOLE 9fhis ~uly autho.rizep representative to have access"to · eri_l_plo¥e.r's re.co·r_dsand .pr_em.ise.s ·at any'·:tim_·_e ·oflhe .
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lnclud~s the power to: . 3. The employer ·~ontests·su·ch findings and ·raise 1. Issue: Compliance Orders based on the issues which cannot be resolved without findings of labor employment and· enforcement ~~msideririg evidentiary matters that are n9t officers or industrial safety·: engineers· made in verifiqble in.the-normal course ofinspection (!RR' · the course 9.f lnspection. and must observe·. of Labor Coi:Je,. Book /fl, Rule X, Sec. 2). · seven (7) caroinai requirements ofdue process in adrnlnlstrative proceedlnq; · Note:. To strengthen the Implementation/Exerciseof 2. ISSU!:! Writs of:Executi.onfor the. enforcement of ·Visjt_orial and.Enforce_rn.entPower, DOLECl.O. 18~. orders e~cept in.. cases .where'· the employer 17 was issued on 23 October 2017. providing the · framework =for inspection · aryd . ·issuance ·. of · contests the findings of the said· labor'officers arid. rais~s' issues supported, by documentary . }com(?liance c;,,rdei:s fD:O. tyo. 183-1.7, Rule_!, $ec. 1).·. proofs which were notconsidered in'the course .. · o(inspectipn;: .. . . · · ·_-· . . Modes .ot.1mp1ementati~n1Exercise of visitoriat · 3. . Order Wor~. · Stpppag~/ ·.: Suspension · . of and· Entorcernent Power . . .. 'Operattons when non-compliance with the Jaw 1-: 'Routlnetnspection; · , .: or .irnplementlnq: rules· and regulatJons · poses . 2 .. · Complaint Inspectlcn: and · grave and lmminent danger to the health and . -3; Occupational · $8fety · and Health Standards safetyof ttie:~orker~·fri',the workplace: and · · .·. tnvesttqatlon.. · 4 ... CQndllcttiea"rrnQ~ Wittii'~ tw~rlfy~fOur.°(24) hours .. · · ·· · · to determine whe~~e,r: ·: · · . ·· . ' - : .· , : ,~./-'.) Upon !he· disc~~tion . ?f. the _ S9L~. a Special .a. (":,n order- f6r.stoppagE_3of workl sospef1SJQ!\?J'i. lnspectlon Team may be constituted . to be of operations shall f:?e· lifted or not;,1:md _ fi. ••f 1: •.\;·).. composed of a group. of labor · i nspectors, or . b... Employer shall , pay. the .·.. emp!ot~~~;'::·J~i?.~. representativesfrom 'the Region.al Office, tlie BWC, . concerned their salary !n. case the violatro.'}~':-.,::::~)~e.._9SHC. 'f.lQ other DOLE agencies for the conduct. , . is attributable to· his fault. (lRR ~~§b.~(~f'cµu:oP.i!1~,:~ti000nJ,dn·establ\shments usihg foregoing . Code, Book 2-3J~-~>:'. ·. ~- ..: .I modes-(fJ._0./fJo: RULE Ill, Sec. ,1). . . /JI, Ru/e.X, . See. . ,,. / . {".,, 183-17, . " e ,
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The v1sito~ia[ and ei:itorcement. PQo/_fjff c;,f t~r \~ _ ~o'utine 11'iP.~ction . · $ecreta!)'of ~abor Qr D~l,.E ~egiraer·a~fi'~for'.c;~'>· ~'.~, _ l;lranche~l w rkpT~ces: and their contractors and. com·p_~1ance with labor ·~t~r!.q.~~p_·.:l~~s,'2-.~1f9C~<1. (D:'~: No: 183-17, fWlE.V, Sec._ 1). exercised even·where·th_e mcl~¥Jtl~al-~lc!Wl1:~~ce~~,s.·: ::\~ · • :~!!·W~~~~:,~'l.~:~.~';','.' ·.. . · . P5;000 '(1 A~UCE/IJA, supra at ~P?J, i:!:'.::-1tS·· . e~>· · f : h, 1. Tho~~ engag~,d m -h~zarcJ014swork.; . In .order- ,to. divest · the Regional \E;)1(ector,}pr li1s · Thqs~ employ.ingchildren; . . .· representi;ltives:: of. -- jurisdiction, ·: ti\~ . . .l61!owir'.tg :' ,~~·:0:~'.:t:vhose . · engaged . 'fn · ·co'ntrac~ing · and .· · · . . • · . · .J·a,i,Y " ,-(,Ohf<'°""'·"·Hl'~'''L · · · . elements rr,ius~. ~·e ~rese11t: (~E~ _. 'f!·Z. : .· . (.:.j;:;~-~"·: · · .· su"'tE>Attactin~·atrangel')1ents; .. 1; :lii;i.t the erQ.p!oyer!!_bntests t~e fiQa'~.gs(.of.,.th~. . .. 4, Those employmg:_10 or mqre e.mp[oye~s;91:. · labor .regulations.· officer and ra1s~s~~sues ~- ·. Such otl)er establishmentsas·may be thereqn;" .. ·. : . ·.· . , . . . : ,·. ·-'_--: . •· . . . deter'mined·as priority by the ·sou; (D.O. No. 2 ... That'in order to (~solve .such ·issues, there is a ·, · · 183-17, RiJ/e v, ·sec:. 2).. · · · · · · need to exarnil')e gvidenti~!Y matters;'and . .. . . .. ·r::··· : .. . . ' . 3. That ,su'(:h .Jn~_tters..are. riot; ~erifia~Je· i'1 the.- .. normal ·c;oCJrse of inspect.ion (Cirineo Bowling. · · .Plaza, Inc. ·v.. Sensing; .'G.R. No. 146572, __ . . :' January f4, 2005). . · .' . _ . . ·. . .·
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Powers: (EFC) . · ,_ · .... = . : , · . '1. The Er=Ee: relationshi'p still ·exists at the time of the initiatio'n.'ot thefacljpri; . •, ·. -~ ... :_ . _· 2•. · ,Jhe Findings of L~bor St~ndards·.And -Welfare . ··· Officers or Industrial . Safety . Engineers· weir.e · .. :m~d~ in th~ cburse c;it' inspectior,. re.g~rcfle-ss ot . '!Vhettier initiat99 by · ·complaint. or routine · inspection; i:ind .
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the employer submits corresporrdlnq .actlon plan .(D.O:'No. 183-'17, RULE--V,- Sec._3(e.2)). . . '-·· Complaint Inspection This shall be undertaken in any. of the_.following· cases: ... 1 . IJl{hen there is. Sir:igle entry Approach· (SEnA)
Proce'dura for Routine lnspectlon
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Issuance by the DOLE RD otAuthority Inspect andAsslsqnment of Establis_hments...
·i:>reseritation otAuthcrity to [nspect ano Conduct of. Inspection and Verification of Cornpllance · ·
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Issuance of Ncitit:e of Results to the. . . Reprei,entativ~s 'of #le cmploy~f-aod the ~EBJ\
~errie_di.iition·.Pe.rio~ for Occupatlcual Safety and . Health Standards (OSH~)vlolatlons . . :· · · · ' Vlclatlons. .ot : Gl,.S aoQ/ _.· or· .. contractinq and Sl;)bconfracting).ul~S are'subject to.to-day correction. perlod., Vy'hjle- 'O~.H. · violations 'are subject to the · following ..reiTiediation period: . . · '. 1. If the· violat.io~ poses· imm'1nent d_anger In the life and limf> ofIhe employees, remedlatlon 'shallbe . made within 1:'day from receipt of NR; .. · , · 2. .If the violation pertains ·to .Personal .Protective · .·· :Equ1piru~nt$~(PPE), remediation-shall· be· made· with!n 3 daY.sfrom receipt of NR; · 3·. If violations·pertain to instances other than those aboye-mentlcned, a. IQng(;lr period is allowed . which shall not· exceed · 90 days, provided. that
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2. · When there is an anonymous complaint':... 3. Where . there · is . a· request in'. a conolllatlonrnediation proceeding 'before. the. NCMB "to validate or verify alleged violatlon of labor standards (D;O. No. _183,.17, Rule VI, ~ec•._1;:" pr~cedµre·for._Co'mpla·i~tl~spect.ion·
of
_ In ~~-$9 fallure,to.correctviolatton, parties. : .· shalJ:be 9~llecn~ a mandatory c?nfJm=:nc~. ~- .. .Within .1 O·day.s· upon.termlnanon of.itie. .· mandatory conference;the.'LI shall subrnlt . 'recommendation to,the-RD:. Thereatter, or within· . twentydays, µie RD shall issue a compnance ·
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(D;Q. ('Jo.. 183-17;· Ru/e·Vt, Sec. 2) ..
O~ejpatlonal. Safety· ·.and Health. ,Staricia'rcis . ln:v,esti.gation . . . -: .. This shall covei: th~ following iristances: · 1. · Existence of in,mineritdanger;·
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.Dangerous oc_currence.s; Accident re.suiting in disabling injury; or 9SH~. vi9lations committed in plain view ·o·r in. the presence of a. Labor Inspector (D.0: No. 1 [!3-17, Rulf:! V(I, Sec. 1}. .
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-£:_ The mandatory "c:onference shall 'be ·..summary in -:s,. · nature and shall be conducted as follows:
. . In' routine· inspection, within 10 -days after the . ,.;. ~ laps~ · of . the · 10:-day. correction period for. ·· I<;: vlolatlon · bf . GLS : and/or· contracting and . supco'ntrac:ting rules. For''Q$1j; ·failure to correct. t· OSHS_violairon with the remedlatlon perlod shall caus·e.the issuance of Compllanoe Order; . · 2 .. · For_ Complaint and OSH rnvestigation,:":"it~in 1 O {· · ·: days after the lapse. of: the 10-day. correcnon f,. perlod for . violation of GLS, OSHS 'and/or ~-. . . . · contracnng and subcontracting rules (D. 0. No.
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Groun.c;ts , . .1: Prima facie e.vidence of grave . abuse of di'scretiori on thei,part df th~ RO; 2. Pure q·ues.tions of law; or. . 3·: Serious errors in · the findings of fact were committed, which. if not·correcJed, would cause' grave irreparable 'injury to t~e appe)lanr (D.O... No. 183-17, RULE;:_ . . ..,. XIII, Sec:·2) . .. Wher'e to file · · . · The. appeal.shoulc:J.!)e filed with the Regional Off.ice th~t. issued 'the _Gomp:liahce Order.' The filing of a Memorandl!m· of Appe~l·with· any oth~r office shall_'· no~: tol! tl)e running of th~ r'eg!em'entary period for 'filll")g the same (D.O: No .. 183-17; F?_ULE Xiii, S~c. 3).
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Di~~issal of the Cas_e . · ·. J,·•'j)' · .S~_c_retary of Labor or rtls . R~gionafDirector or any ~::,: W_1.thin20.day~ from _the re?e1pt,of_Labo~lnspe?\ol'{~,-:·:·:·~_:··.':1 duly · · . . .·_ authorize~ du~y .authortzed hea(ing_ ~: .. r.ecomm_endatl?rl,.the Region,al. Director may 1sf,U~;·' .. '.~·_;: ... .r.eµr.esent~!)v.e who may ojfice.r of;DOLE.. · tl, an o_rd~r of. dlsmissal of the case on any .9-ff th'.~I': rt 'E'.. 1 otm1iy:F10(b'e\aRegional ·· · · ~: . following gr.ounds:: . . . /~·-si Dl~e'cto~;..:.-:f. . t. T~e findings _of. th~ Labor lrispe~1.Jir"havenp(t,,1,1~ · ·· · · basis in ~act andln law;' .. · .: \./:,,./{. . £?-'17· · 2.:: '.'fl)e. empl?ye,r pre_~e.nted. su,b~~,iti'a!t~l~foc'~ · .. 'Adminis~1t" tisitorial_. Adjudicatory·. po~er :' on ~-. · , con~oy~r:tingthe fi~dm~~ -~t.~~t:aboPinspe-cto'it_\. , and. enf~rcewen~\,power matters . jnvolving i:: .. ~· '. Th? cor,rec~lon .?r re~~tuW:i9.--:'f',aS :T.?~e bY... ~e.•. · l;{Jj ~xer.ci~~d.:. '1_·tllr.o0gl:l recovery of wa. e.: employer prior._ to the l~Ua!jl're of!:the_&0mphao.9~·. ;~'i:j. routii'rEif·~:•jfi~_p·ei5fion'$i-" of g t~' order;·. . - .. . •J. p,...h( . ,.: .7t:' "tii"' .•.,~·1.•1;v--: . . . Th · · · t d- ·.. ~-...... · .i::o.;.;1• · • ..J.f .. ·. estabhsnment~ ··. . !,.':· 4·• . .. e . · parties en ere· ·:into :l•"'J.,.."'(i,•J,Ull'Jp,roml}t:: · .. ! . 1· ,· ·agre_e,:n~nf. · ifl . the rno·?~ . ori P,f'ym·~1t· a~d. :_; _.,.;....~ ~ poi:np11anc~- 9nly): dunng. thel.,;~:ar:id_atory . ,;/.~11t, ·R·•• ~-.~ . : ·. t f E. · · · ~-. conferen<,e;··or. .. . .,~:/. .e,,~.:'.'":-'E'•:'-" ~9!.:n,~1ex1s ~nee.. o .Er- e rel~tionship is not .5,~ .~ny·other··analogous drcurtlsta,nc~~arr,n.tlhg · -~!~Ee.. relat1.onsh1p. . ,.. necessary . sincEr ,·it Ir the. dismi$sal ·.of ·the case· (D.o N..<>.~-183-17, · should ·not. in.clud.e.. a. ( 'Rl!fEX( seo:·3). . :· ' ' · .:--:~--·. . . claim_ for.reipstatement. ~. . ~
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. w..~rk Stoppage Order (WSO) ·. . . · Tn.e $OLE qr:his ..duly aµthorized r~pr~sentativ.e'rr,ay"·· direct to stop wholly or p~rtly, ·.the war~ oper:atiqn, of . a11y-un1t. or- departmenf'qf an. 13stablishment when .. non-compliance with OSHS poses· Imminent danger . to: the' heafth and. safety. of the Ea1mployees of ttie Workpli:ice. Under exceptional' circumstances, th~ SOL.E'may.order' ari inqustry7wi~e WSO ·(O.O. No, ... .. , .1-83-17, ,.RUL'E . . y111,..se_c. . . . . 1). .. .
Appeal . . . . .. The 'cor:ipliance· order- may t;>a·. a'ppeal~d 'to the. :, . POLE-OS'EGt,y filing of.a ·Memorandum of ·Appeal, ~- · · f-urnishi'ng .the other· party· . with .a cop,y within 1 o · calendar.daysfrom receipt thereof. A l'l)ere·notice 'of . appeal shall.not-toll the 'running of t~e. period wlt~in r.:, which to appeal (D.O.·No. 183-17, RULE.X/11,·_sec. '1). '
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Aggr~gate"daimof each complainant.doe·s. riot· : exc'e'e,dJ=>5;000, · :
Appeal tci $ec·. ot'-~ati~r. Appeal to NLRC,:within withln.1 o calen<;la·r- d~ys; 5 c~lendar days: . . . l'.;>~clsion ·. may be elevated to·the Court of. · Appeals· (CA) .' througli certiorari: . (1 AZUCENA, supra at 469~·4_71).
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Note: Where no Er-Ee relationship exists between the parties.andno issue is involved which. n:i_a_y be · · resolved by reference to the Labor Code, _othe_r labor statutes or-any collective b~rgaini.rig agreement, it. is the Regional 'Trial Court : that.. -has Jurisdiction· ( Urbenes, Jr.. . v .. Secretary of DOJ..E, G.R. .No. 122_7$1, Eebruary·19,· 2003). : · ·
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. Ex-Officio Voluntary Arbitratots.(EVAs)· b.o. No. 8~-07, series of 2007, designated ali DOLE Regional Directors,and Assistant Regional Olrectors as EVAs. ·
As EVAs. the DOLE- Regional Director arid their. assistants have Jurisdiction over the following: · 1. All.grievances arislnq, from the interpretation-or · · ARTiCLE 12.9: R~COYERY QF.WACi°ES, SIMPL!:; 'implementation of t~e-CBA;. · MONEY C~lflt1S. AND OTl:IER BENEFITS· ·2. Ail grievances· ·arising from the interpretati'on R.\H:;overy af W~g·es; 'simple'·Mpney Glaims, and:. enforcement of_cqmpan'y personnel. potlcles .. Other· Benefits· · which remainunresolved after exhaustion of the The Regional. Director o'r. ~ny. .'of·his. cluly authorized· . grievance procedure.. . . .. . · hearing · officer is empowered through summary · 3. , .Gases referredtothem by the DOLE Secretary proceeding and'after' due notice, .to naar arid decide · underthe DOLE's Administrative Intervention for cases involving · rec;overy .Qf ·wages. arid·· other · · . Dispute Avoidance; end '. . . . monetary ·' clalms, ·. and · benefits, including. legal ·. 4.' .' Upon agresm..enfof !he parties (D: o. No.. 8~-07). · interests (LABOR COD~,·_Art._ 1-!l9);. . . . · · · . . . . · . . . · . . .. · . _._ · · · .. ·. : . ·,:;,;,c.'.a==,:,=cl.!le. EVA shall have the -power 'to hold hearings, Requtsttes .for RD~.s Jur)sdi~tion .. _qv~~itr(ple -:rr . T ·-y~9iw~,E}.~idence·_-a_ndtakethenecessary actions to 1 Mooey'Claims: (H~) . . .. . . -~: · _le~ol~!:l't~p~J~pute(0.0. No. 83-07, item 4). . 1. The _Aggregate fT!Oney pl~rm ok'?.ao~ ei,pp,lof~J~~,--=--=~-:( _ff./",, · . . ·· ... · or househelper does not ~xceeqi:P5.upg;,.~. J:he·t:J~sTon,9'1\_award·of·the EVA shal] be:fmal and 2.. The·. claitn .is. presented ,P1~¥,e.~··er."--~~L·,., . exe.c.Q.!o~~@ir''\~~al~ndar.days frorn the .Pc:i.rtie~· . . person employed in dorp~~~ 61 . hqusehc;>l.q- "1,r . -~~ceiptq,fth\_c~...,.Q¥,P,e decisi_qn _of ~ward.(D'.O. No. · service or .!:!ou.se.helper;- ';1 ,""4y1, ·. · { . . . .Ir' -,#;J\. ,83-07, item·:Bj.~ {( -'~- ·. · · .' . · 3. The claim arises fror,i,'i .5mP,loyE:lr-~mployee 1· . · ·ii . \ (f) \--. · · · ·- relations; a_nd . . 11 J'.-~-· ~--,~lr-A-riiotionfor:.r~o~nsid~r,aUon may·be filed before the 4. Th~ claim~nt does- no,· -_'t~'~k·/~einstat{lmeFil!f't;-, ~els.ion av.rard'J~p;'~ \\o finality ~nd shail:~i9p_ the. AZUCENA, supra af46 ,~f$j;).~ -. \. -~ ,,;,y:;.,fM!ningpf'the"1P-ldaY:~:eriod for finality. No seco.nd.•. . · · . · ·.. . '~~,1 ~("1l\ .·. . ;::-;~motion/Thr6)"ec~ns[d'e_r~lion·.shall ·be allowed. -_-A No.te: lfl the ab!ienc,e of c;iny ~f~i~e--~~,quisl~_\l{Js:r~i~ · 7°i:imoifoJf:[~o;ec9,Msid.er.atJon shall b_e resolved within Labor ArbitE!r· who shall h~v~~ch.i\iveJ\!_i" \i~tib ;~ 4:rized Iiearing 9ffice.@0J~> .lV ,I.J'~c2,iPt<-'f~.reof(~ules on the Dispositionbf Labor 'hear and.decide any-matter-involving the re'c;:ov_eryo~·:::r":SfandardCases in. the Regional Offices, .Rule· IV, . . . · -wages and .otl'\er mtinetaiy claim,s and ·be'r1efits 'was' · . · . 'Sec; 1J. · ... · . . · . •, . : ..... · .. . 'qu'alifi.ed by.tlie-:proviso that the cpmplainfshould ~c:it'. . , . . .. .. . . ,. . e· :. . ,• .. : . . . :: _.· .. · include . a claim ·for· reinstatement,. or. lhat · the . . . · TITLE Ill: ·wd.RKING COND.ITl'ONS. OF .'SPECIAL'· . . c!ggregate mon'ey ciaims" not: exceed·. -P'5,00'0_. '!V\. . . mioL.JPS· i..OYElis·· .. . . ... 7730: or, an Act Further Strengtheniflg· the Visitorial . ·. · · · . :. · and._Enforc_erne.nt.PowE!r~ of. t~e Se.crntary _of L,ab'or .. · · .. _ ·(N.9te;·Refe~to .ifi.e:discussib,:i.of Arjicles p0:..161 of unoe:r Art.· 12a, did _away. wi~t'!- the PS,000 Hcnitatlqn.. · . . . the: Labo,: Code ;o, ·s~qial ·Giqups of Employee~ · :auowing.theObll;: Secretary to,exercise its_visitori~I · under Special taws) : · · · · .·. an<;l enfoi:c::ement power-for claims be.yo_nd· P5,000. -· · · · T-he. o"nly..q~alificatio'n to)hi~ expanded. p()Wer .of -the DOLE. was ·only th1;1t the~e.' still .be' .a.n.. e?ti~Jing. E!.ITIP.loyer-employee rela_tionsl:1ip. (Bombo; .Radyo i='hils., Inc. v. _secretary of DOLE, G.R. No. 179652, Ma_rch6, 2012). · · ·· · .. ..
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to the monthly basic compensation re.ce1v~d ,_by · ~.n . en:ipl?yee, computed .pro-rata -accordinq t~. the=.humq~r·C?f months within a year that ( · the employee has rendered service to the employer :· (DOLE $W9".Q & A'On 13~ Month pay). · · . _ ·'··· . . ~ ·: . .. MJhimum· Amount . . · . _'It sho~ld not'~·e:·1~ss.than 1/12- of."the basicsalary of ~-: · an : ~~Pl?Yef·. Vfit_hin:··. a calendar ::ye~r :{Revised / · Gwdellnes on ·the. Implementationof P.D. No .. 851, ~ .. Item 4[a]) .. ·. . . · '. }:
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The so-called commlsslons paid. to or received- by medical representativeof-Boie-Takeda Chemicals or by th~ .rank and file. employees· i=>hiHppirie -Fuji Xerox were--exclud_ed from.the _.term "baste ·s·a1ary'' because these werepaid as.-~product;vity bonuses"; Such bonuses :· closely reeernble profit~sharir,g payments · and have · no clear, .direct, . necessary · rel~ti_on to the __amo_unfof 'A,1(5rk·actuaJly.dtjn~·by .each . lndtvidual employee (Boie-Take.da Ohemlcsls, Inc. v. ~a~is · ... ·•·. . De la Serna, G.R. No. 9~[!4, Decf:!mb~i 10, 19.93).' · Po(. purposes o'f, computing the 13th· month pay·_,;-,:·') · - . . . · "b~sic salary" includes all_remun~rations or-earni\'.1~~>-(},i_ Prod~ctivity Incentives . . : ·.· .. · ·: . paid by ar emptoyer to an employ~e for. servjce·s'./. )\ '.I. Kmq of-bonus th!:lt comes-from _productivity.gain; rendere9. (20,19. Handb.ook· on_ Workers Moneia,y: ...·_,: ·· 1· 2 .. Aims :lo instit~te productivity- at. company level. Statu_tory Benefits,,p.38). . · _: : . )} ·~J:":'~:~nd th_~:·jh~~~ml of produ~tiyity, g~in between ·. · .· · · ... · . ·.· .r-"'."/'/ · .• , ·JiF.-"-t~~,.~'tnf>_l9-Y1f~anq e_r:npl~yees; ~nd. · .. .· It .doe~. _r,ot_ mcl.ude all .aUo'."'ances apst.J,no.neJary,"':; 1.~ ;3. ~~~tir-e• scila_ry bonus 1s . ~~oport1onate. benefit_s which are n~t c~ms1der~d.or.~1rif~9[al~~ ·aic;:',{ ... mcrea~r_,;hm. curre11t productivity (Product1v1ty of~he re~ul~_r~r b~_s,c sala~·~.~11.:51~0~.Y lncenr~ 'of 1990, R.A. Noh_,697?). ·._ .· :
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PflY( C04,A) sh~uld--b_e included ,in)he .c6mputatioo · or the. -~ ~th- month pay if t?Y. lnc;lividuar or" coilective -. ,. f.,· .agrt;i~m:ent,-!=Dmpany pradi~e or" policy: the- sam.~ f . . a.~e; tr~ated . as ·P,art_ of the _basic salar.y qt ·.the t · employees (2019. Handbook on worker's-Monetary ~ · · .. StatutoryBenefits, p..38); . . , · ·· :."
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_Not~: Workers Paid On Piece-Ra'te Note: The frequency of payment may b_e. subject to Basis refer to those who are paid. a: agreemen! between . employer ciQd the collectiv_~ bargaining · age'nt of · tt:ie .. employ_ees (Revised . standard arnoi..mt for every piece or unit ', of work produced that is more or fess· Guidelines.of P.D. tyo.·851, item 4 (b)). regularly replicated without regard to tne . .. time spent in producing the sai:ne.. .. Non·-,.;~lusion in Reg_utar.Wage:· . · · · · · The mandated 13th month pay need not be credited b. Employers already p"aying their employees : as part ofreqular wage of employees for purposes . 131h month pay or more in a calendar yearor .· of determlnlnq: overtlme arrd premium pays; fringe .its ·gquivalent at the till'!€ of this issuance; benefits Insurancefund, So"cial Security; Medicare· Note: -~'Its equlvalent" includes: (CMPO) . . . and "private retirement. plans (Revised Guidelines pf . · · i. '·· cnrlstrnas' bonus; / ;· PD 851, /feni 7)'. . · . ·' · . · ·. · · . · .· ii. -Midyear bonus;' · · ' · · iii. .Profit-sharing payments; and · .u is. paged Oil wage J~llt. not part" of wage ·( Central ·· iv. 'other casf bonuses not'less than.. 1/12 Azucarera de Tarlac v,·Cr:Jhttai Azucarera de Tertec ..
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Empl?yees · . . U· fu)f.,~ ~ Ttio,~~ with~glti&i,- Empi~>"yers · Gen~ral_: Rule:_ . All r~1nk"f,.ct~,-fll~re. 1 ploye~s~~ .. ·: G(?§~entf e~pfofees w~rkirig: part. ~ime in .a regardles:> o~ tl:je a/'ll.c cxc.mptc:~:ro~ -~~~In {tc.; \3 .lf.itl , . ·--..,~of.more~1'late fi~~s. whet.her on f\.111 or. part time .mo~th_p~y; ·,. . . . \. . . ~ : "::- ,. ~~.,.<-.'-"' 0'°~is,Af¢ ~~t_i~~1to the"re_qCJ_ired 131h mont_n pay. · · ,.,· t· .·· s · h I · · ~ ftf th Jciih'1EN~\~{&Qm;;afl :t_lie1r pfwate employers regardless of e. _uc emp oy_eErs. a,:e ~(11 e '"'~.......:Ll~ftie(f·fy>tat:·~rriings "troi:n. each · qr all".-their f')'lonth P~Y ·regardless of t~e'it~t~~.!~~i:~fli~.;..:,;<-::,;-:e_rQplo~i{Rev.isecf Guidelines.of P:D. No: 851 · .. ~~ployment · -~tatus,. and 1rresp':'s~uv.~::-toP._,th~. 1\ ,r b, ~'1&:,hi'i"!f';..tti)).· :- · .. · · . · ·' .. r:net.h(?<:I· by_ which their_wag.es_ are-pam-;.;~9\"li9'ed .1\/i.t':"~'.\.- ~ ,;,,P' ... ·. · .: ·.. . : that th_ey liav.e worked for: at-1_~.:i~t (1). ?Q.~~ont~~at~School T~-ache-,..s' · during a .calendar year (Rev.tsed Gµ_1delme$ on · .. . .· · . · . ..· . . . th , .. t j; f fth :13'1>-M nthPayt-awi. P_nvate .sc~oc;>I .t.eac_~ers_1• _lncludmg_ faculty e_ mp eme? ~ ,on e , · .'!. .·. '· . rrrer:n!2~rs .of urJVer~1t1es a,nd .Golleges, are Exc_eptlons: .(C~eG) . . ..' .-·· . ' . ~h~!.t~ed . t?· . t!l'e :_ ~equir~.d · ... 13th' '. rn~n.th . P?IY, .. 'a:_. .. Emplciyees:paid·pLireiy on £ommi_ssien.basis~· ~. _. ·.regarq!es,s of.the nµmber .ot montf:ls_they_ lf;;a?IJ · b. · Employees already Receiving 131h. month· pay~ or are p_a,~ within a yea.r, 1f fhey h~v~ render,ed. / 'and . . ,.-:·. . .· ·.· service. for_ at· least· 1 month. w1thm: ?. year c:. · §o~~rnment employees (Revised G"uidelines of .. (Revi~.e~Guidelin:es·~'. F!_.D\_N~. 851, /~em 5_ (c!)PD 851, Item . . .· · . · . ·. ; · ., . . .Pro-Rated :13th M~lit.h:Pay · . . .. , · · . _. ' · :Not_e:·oomestic Wotke~ 1:1re.-now 'ebtitlec;l to 131h, ·.An·eiljplo~~-e ~h? h~s-.r~sigped o~ wh~_se.~ervices' Month Pay"(R.A. No. _1036"1, Sec: ·25,· par.-.2) ... · .. ·, were·ter.rrnnat~.d at" ar.iy" t,me befor~ the payment of . · · .. · · · .· · · · ·. ·. . · . the'1-3th ryionth p~y rs entitled to thls,monetary benefit . . Time .of f>ayment . . . . : in proportion t~ the" leri-gth .of:time_ h~ work~. 9uririg·. Pa(d" riot later than December 24 of each year. An the ye~r reckoned· from ·the tirii~. he started· working . employer, however, m_ay-give to '1is ~mployees_-1,2 . during the calendar year up to the time- of hi~ . ·cit_the· required 1·3lh'iT)_onth pay-b_.efore the op~r.iing of . resfgnation. or. termination from service '(Revised. the regular :schoql year and. t~e ·other half 011 or· Guiqeline~ of P:D. 851, ltem~6). · · . · . before . -December· ,24. of every . year . (Re"vised_ .. Guidelines ofP.D. No. 851, item 4 (b))." . · ·\ 2.
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. . . \: Genera.I Rule: Pro-rationof tliis benefit applies only in _cases·. of resignation _. or. separation from work; · . ·.r, computa9ori should be .based on length of service ·. '~~-. and not on the actual wage earned by. the worker .-(Honda- Phi/., 'lnc., v. · S.a'!7ahang Mangg~gawa sa ·~';. .nonae, G.R. No. 145561, June 1_5, 2005). .. .
14th M_~nth Pay is not legally demandable sin~e· it. is. basically. a. bonus and therefore, gratuitous in nature. ·The. granting· of 14th month pay is a manaqernent prerogative which cannot '.be forced upon by the employer (Kamaya Po/Qt Hotel v. NLRC, · G.R.=f'!?· 15289, August 31, 1989):
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_':'( E~ce.pti'on: Employees who ate 'paida gu·arantee~ mi~!murn, waqe or commissions earned are· entitted tt to 13th month pay based on total earnings.(Pbilippine .,~;:. Agricu(tura/. .<:;ommerqial 'end' Industrial.'. Workws. @i. Union v. NLRC, G.R. No. '107994,'Af.!gi.Jst·14, ·1995).':
Cov~r~l'geJrom tncorne Tax of the 13•h·M-~ntti Pay . . 131h . month , . pay and . other. benefits, such as · productivity incentives and Christmas bonus, not exceeding P90.,000 .are exempt from t~xaHon-(2019 Handbook on yV9rker'sMonetary Statutory Benetlts,
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utustratlon: . -, : .. , · · .. .· fi. 1. . X worked for 6. months prior t~?' resignation. He .. · · received .a monthly 'salary of.. Pt,500. ~'$ 1·3.th:. month pay Will,be computed.as.fohows: -~ - : . ·.
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Adjudic~tion'qt Ciaims · · ..", · . · . ··Non-payr)'le,:it or.13•h month l?<:'.Y shall be treated as money claims cases (P.D.: No. 851, Sec. 9)
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as qualified to administer first~aid. _by the. Philippine · N_ati9nal Hed._Cross or .by ·ariy other organization. · accr'e.dited.by 1he former {IR'R ·of ~abor. (;ode, Book . JV, Ru_le.'I, Sec. 2(c)): · · .. ' .. · ·.: ·:. . · _ •••
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0<.·-,·--~,,~~--crn \.,,.~ ARTn.~.~K1~~:Ji'i!~~··"-AJDTREATMENT. .. . No absence · _. ~~h\1~_1.5,P~:: _:I ~irsf ~ld~e_at_rrient ref~rs· t~ ·.a_n_ adequate, _ · No· al:?_sehce "•t.: ~1)1~\1 .50 J' . · '(}, •.mr:ne91ate· an.d·. ri~c_essa:Y . "'.~teal . _and ~ental ·_ • · '·.. ;-1 . • ·, l!.~a!_t~J1t1on'Or ~emedy given rn ca~e of ·il'.IJUry or 1lln_~ss. .1 day·leav.e w/ pay .. ~'!A.?1:;tl:1,50·.. ..,,::!'.1-'~:1W&l'fiPi~~b,1. a worlser · durin~ .. emp~oymen_t, N b · ·. · ,rlt 111.iE'h.<"'·- ----~~1rrespectiv~ofwhether or notsuch tnJUry or rlln~$S JS o ~ s_enc_e ·· ·: !~, • ·.!.-?•r : : . . :<,.,ark-connected;. before a more extensive medical .2 .days leav.e w/:p,ay· . :P.~~~t1dl50. -. ·. and/or' c;lental 'treatment .can be .~ecured (/RR of · · . · · ·, · · r.. -1-11 ·•· Labor.Cqdjj;-Efook JV. Rule I, Sec. 2(a))., \. · .2 days le_c1ve _W. :ppy :r.: 1,1 _.. . 50 _ :.· · -
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s(J:(-day work-:Vfeek or . ~IJ \<Wfale13,\~(~r:it~ly _b~slc salary of P) 1, 1 ~-1:5~~-~·.,;·-...:r. . C\. : · · · , · •· '1 ~- •. · · 1, · ·
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Hazardous .Workplaces ·· Where the .'natu're of-:.the work: exposes· ftie. · · _workers· to dange.ro1,1s erivfronmental·_elements, confamlriarits. -or- work conditions· ·. ·incJudihg . . .. ion[zirig' _radiations·, chemicals, ffrs: fla_mmab_le'. · s.ubst~nces, noxious c;omponents and the.like; 2. Where the workers are engaged' In_ cc;m·str.uction ·work; logging,· fire-fightln'g, mining,' q·ua_nyln_g, blasting, st~,1~edQring, do.ck . work, tjeep sea fishing and· mechanized.farming; - · · · · · · 3. Where· the workers. are 'engaged ih -the_ 'ma'riufacture or handling of explosives and other pyrotechn)cproducts;· · · ·
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2019 SAN SEDA
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BAR ~PERAr10Ns
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·-LABOR STANDARD.S· SAN BEDA LAW CfNTRAUZED BAR OPERATIONS-· MEMORY AID 2a1~ 'IA oI!f
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. . . 4. Where the workers use or are exposed to.heavy or' power-driven macl1.iriery or equipment: and 5. Where {he workers use or.are exposed to power. driven tools. . . · . . .. The B~reat'.i of L~bor§t~ndards With the-.~pproval of. the•Secreta:ry of ~abcir."sh.all·from tirne to time is.sue . a detailed llstof.hazardduS Wqrkplaces for purpOS!3S -_of.this. rule (fRR 0f the Labor Code, Book_' JV,· 8Ulf! I, $ec. 8). ·· · , ...· ·. , ·. · .· ; · . . · ·· ·
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a. ' 3,5 Ftrsi Aiders . b ... 1 Full-time ~urse c. 1 Part-time Dentist d. 1 Part-time Physician IV!e.dium·to High Risk: · a. 3;5 First Aiders · .b. 1 F4ll-tim:e Nurse
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501 ~2000 Worker's 'Low Risk: ... '. ARTICLE .. 163: EMERGENCY . MEDICAL .AND. a.. 6-20 First Aiders DENTAL SERVICES . . , .. · . b. 1 Full-time Nurse . Emergency l\lle~lca!· and Dental S.enrlces 1 Part-time Dentist. 'i. .., ·1: . 10-50 Employees : . ·.. ·. . .; , .. d -". 2 Part-time Physicians · · a:: -.Graduate iirst-aider · ·. ·· · · Medium to High .Risk": · . · 2. .51..200. Employees.. . . . a. · 6-20 'First Aiders · . +a.: Hezerdous ytprkp/ace - full-time. registered b.. 1 Full-time Nw.se·. . · .nui:s~·-. . · . . . : . ·. · .. ~;:?-"'"-""~c.. 1 Part-tin:ie-o~nti~t .. . ' · b. Non-nezeroou« workp/~ce -:-.G~~t~""ffrst-1f · -r ~ 'Ir~,? .., Part-time . Physiclana or 1 . Full-time · alder. · . : . . . . ~?' •.,.,., l'~ lLJ L \1 9~Y~!cian . . . · ·... · 3. 2.01:-300.E!'llploye~s .· · · .· - . ,1r-<. '·) f'/~=~""'ti.._,,:,,~ort~l).am]OOO Workers a:. Full-ti~e reg1s~e~ed nurs~~. -tow1R1skJbl'1gh-Ri_sk:· ... · . . b. pact.,t~m~·phy~JCJr;"!~/ ·,,.,,.-.R~~~":"> b. Full:-time ~eriti~t; r--..f t~-"~ .. j· .... i ".. . .. . . : .•. . . .. c. F.ull-limc;: .registered111uw;fi· · . \ (~ui,wj1z$Oi1'efoll_P,Wlng a~dltlo.r-fci.\ healt)l p~n;t?1111~I sh~ll _.be._. 5.
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'Health. P.erso~nel ,: ·: . ·.. ·· ·. : .: . . .: ~~:•.. ~ l v'i.lf~Q~~atio.~al.dentist,. e.~t~gjishments··~h ente;~ · · . 1;· 1-so:worke(s.··. · . .. Meinorariduni· of 'Ag'reerrieint· for- .·dental · ' .. ·. . . . tow .Risk: ·.1 First·Aidet _. 'l_ :. ·. · . services for: work·ers, provide'd that the. reqtiirements. . Medlµm tc;> High R.isk: 1 .First.Aider... : · for dent~! facilitiei:i:are·n'l.et ··. ·. :_'· : . : : .'·. ·, · .·, . ··:,·. . . ..... . . . .. ' " . .. ', . .· . . ·. ... . : . . . . . . .
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Medium to High Risk, ARTICLE 164: ·wHEN EMERGENCY· HOSPITAL a. Additional . j First aid treatment· room for OR DENTAL CLIN-IC NOT REQUIRED · every ~o workers .or a fraction thereof 1. The~'e is a hospital or dental clinic Within ,five (5) .Ji[-·. . b: 2 Beds clinics kilometers from the workplace if situated in any, '\'§. · 4 .. 200~250Workers urban area or· is accessible by motor vehicle Low Risk:' . within 25,minute travel, if sttuated in a rural area; a.. Additional 1 First aid· .treatrnent. room· for -·_2. The employer makes for the reservation therein . every 100 workers, or a fraction thereot . . of the-necessary beds and dental facilities for the b. 2 Beds clinics · · - ..' . use -ot his employees: and .. . _Me-dium·to High.Risk:· . . . 3, The employer.must provide for _the transport of ;'f: . . . Adc;lttional 1 · First. ald treatment room. for the worker to the. hospital or clinic in case of . !h . ·ever.y 50 workers or a·fr~cW~n thereof emerqency .(/RR .ot the Labor Code, Book iv, . )}.... b~:., 2 Bl:!9S:clinics. .. · · . .· Rule I; Sec. 5; b.o. No. 198 Seriesof2018; Sec: -}} · 5 ... 251-500 Workers . · 15). · · · ·· · · Risk:·. . ... ·.,. -, . . ... · Note_:'-;The employer shall enter into ·:a· written ;~, a.. · Additional'. 1 Fir_e~ aid,.'.~e~tmeht roorri for . contract w.lth the hospital or dental ·cJil'lic for the use ..,.. , · · ·: every- 100 workers or afractionthereof thereof in'. the -treatrnent 'of workers· in case of .. -b, · 2 Beds clinic.-· · emergency (/RR b_(theLabor Code, Bobk'IV,__ Rule I, : Medium to High. Risk:: . Sec. 5). · . . · .. a. · A,dditiorial-. 1. First aid treatment · (oom for: /:i . . . / · · . _every 5o'wor~~rs ~r atractlon mereof- ,r,~/ _>:'.\~ C.1:-fAPTER ·11: OCC.UP:ATIONAL -·HEALTH -AND . b.,_-,~,Be9si;:JinlyS , :. · .... ··.· ." 1-.'.,'f/,,i'.~\ S'A.FcfY·. . . · .' . . 6. ·: 50:f -7~0 ~orkers· . -. . . . . C't,=\-~:'·'/;.j The. el"flplo'y~r- is. required · t~ observ~ · i;afety f. Low Risk~ · · . · .. · . · · .... .. 'I} ,_..~,,.;L;st!3~~r~s.~;1.d-pr~v1de sa.fety_dev1ces._On the part of . a_. ... Additional.·. 1 · First_ ai~ .· trea1f1ent r9,9~-t:fol.[--;._1i~~;.tffe' ~~~19,·Y,~~?1 ~roper U$e of these safeguards and every_ 100 workers 9.r ~ Jra_ction~t!,'l~~~of :. : 1~ tl~v1cEls":1s<-r~~1red (IR~ of La/;)or Code,. Book IV, b._ Addiftionat_l1.1Bhee? c1i1·_niFcu_fo11r1_eve_~!5'.{f>Jl.w~rk~$\:JJ.. Rufe II, Secfn)t\ · i. .. or a rac l(?n reo 1 • 1m )l>f' . . ..J,'"' ~ ~ r, 1 ·i Mediurn to High Risk: .... ~9" J/~;.;;;tf. . tt-~ · ·• · )/ -U . \\ a.· Additional 1. F.ir.st·,aid·_~t'meri~r~~m fo~ if .. ~\ · .. · every 50 '{\'Ofl<e'rs or·a/fl;ac:;tio~J~f.90f . _' ·' !Ii,'k . · ·!! \ . • ;· . _b. Additional 1' Be~l'clinit~fpfev.ezy;,~lg~ y~o°ttli(... ~tt::1-.·,~; f· . . df ;:i fraction thereof, Fu11{~e~'}:.). tr-'.11· · · ·~/ · · ·",!/.!.:~ ../,Jo.,,. . · Ii 7. _751 ..~1.~00 Wo,r.ke_rs . .. , ,•J.t::5/.\,\. )1 .. f.1f! . . · . Low Risk·.. · · I.\·I' .· ' v~ · · ·f._: · " ·' . . . . • : . • ', ; .-.. • . ~,I . ¥ _.. ·: · i '1r,,--,. . ~. , :a. Add1t1011al .1~ F,1rsL··a1d treatm~t-.r.oom· .,or _j.~i;' r-''~i'f!'!':'•;._••. (: . · .. .e~ery 100 W!)rkers or a fra~tiof,'tne~eqJ(bt.:". - l.,~LL-!11!L,;.f.!.:.':)· b_:. Additional 1, -B~cf clinic for.eve,r.y;_2§0~otRer . · ,.. .. · t_:,·'. :or a_ fraction. ,therf;?of, Full tfme _ . .,.Jl~.t · f c. 1- ~ed hospital. . . . · . .- ... f . . : . Medium to High Bisk:·.. . ·.. . . ·... -- . ~: ·. ' a'.:· Additional .1 FlrsLaid ··freatri:ient' roorri for t ·. . , :_ . . : every·$0 woi-kers''oi: a)r;:iction.'thereof . . . !<'. b. Adciifional·i.Bed,_cli,:ii~ .ev~ry 100 work~r ·9r: a fractioi::i thereo(FL!ll tim~ · · .: .· . ·.... ,.. .. c. . 1 Bed ho:;ipltal · ~·· . .· . -~8. .1001~2000 . -workers ,. . J:ow Ri~~~ · . ·. . .:. - · .. . . t · ... a, · Additional 1 'First. aid ··treatm~nt room -for· · . . . ~every· 100 \,.;6rkers or a ·fr.action thereof . ·.. · r·,. b., ·. Additional 1- se·d clinic for every 250 worKer . ·or a fradion therebf;·Fu!(--time c·. · 1 Bed hospiial. ·. . · ·., .· ·. . Medium:-f9, High Risk:. · · . a. -Additional· t First ·aid tre.Gtment. room· for . :, . ·. ev£Jry ~o.worker~ or.it fr'ac~on thereof . . . bt Adoitional·1 Bed clinic-for eve.ry 1'00wo.rker. or -a·fraction thereo.f; Full 1ime · · c. ·. 1 Bed hospit~l °(D.O. No. 19.B Serjes of 201 a; t>r. .
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ARTICLE 2~ 8: DE;C.LARATION
OF. POL.ICY
It is the policy of the State: . . . . L.-...... 1. To promote'and. emphasize the primacy of free cotlectlve bargaining and neqotiationa, inchJding T°ri:LE I: POLleY.ANO DEFINITIONS·.· .voluntaryarojiranon,mediation and-conclliatlon, . as. modes of settlinq labor or industrial disputes: Labor.. Relations . is the 'lnteractlons l;>etwe.en 2 .. To promote . free trade . unionism as' an employer .and employees or. their. repre~er)t_atives . instrument. for tl:)e enhancement of 'democracy and .the mechanism by which the -standards and and the promotion _."of . social "justice . ·and other .terms ·_arid .conditions·-.of_, employment _are development; . . . •' neqotlated,' adjusted· and enforced '. (AZUCE=NA, 3. To foster the free· and voluntary .6~g·anizationof .V,o/s. lJ-A.a.nd lfB, The Labor Code with comments . a strong· and united labor movement;'° . . . . ·. _an'r;JCases, (20f6),p: 10)1hereif)B_fter-2'AZUCENA]. 4. .re promote _-the -~nlightenrnen~ of. workers· ·. concerrunq their· rights and, obllqatlons as u ni9f) iLab~r. Relatfo_ns Lavvs define·the..status, :.rights,- and members and. 'as employees: . ~ duties and the institutional mechanisms that govern s. To. -provide,' an· ' adeq uate ·. · administrative th:e in'd_iVidual. and .. collective -lnteractions _of machinery for the expeditious settlement of employers, 'emplovees or their representatives (1.• labor or industrial disputes; . .. AZUCENA, supn(aUJ). · ·. . · . · ·. _,::..,.s---=~·---·"'Ai.~.To e.n~ure. a stable· but :dy~a,:n-ic a~a just · · · · ·· · . · -j:~ .. T 1\ _l1'ra4.stnal peace; and · · ,. . .· · . . ·N,Qte:.A~s~nt an en:tP.loyer-empJoy~eSilat on~hip, fl.:, JT9"ej\'s.!{{e the participation o~ ·workers. inthere 1~ no labor relation t~ spe~k ?J-;Afctb1~,r.er·1&.J.l~-""'-='=~ q~ci~idn,,ab;clpolicy-making.processes affe~tmg :em~loyer-;em~loyee . !elat1onsh11?.,;:~.P~~_!b~H'je.. · ----s'fh~i_rilrJghts~~~~es and. welfare. rLABOR CODE_, part1.e~, there rs '"!~ ~as1s_for.-0rgc!p1z~€J·fo~p_urp_9~~-=-~-~.rf~(~(), · \, : ' · . of collective bargaining (2 AZLJ_fz...l:j,~"},vPr8faf'19k ~"-";"\W" · ~~'· ·· · ..f '~yj. · . c jf' 1\.\ ,.P.arties- o Labq'r Relations Cases: ·. Labor Retattons. rjlay be di~jinguis,pd frim Labpr · .---~~- 1. Emp oyee-r~·c5r/~li1¥,auon;,. . .· ·· .. Standards in that the·i~t~er }st-tn~t ~art qf_1abo_J::law · r,ani=lgeme~~-~ · ·. .. . 11 which prescribes th~ ·m1rnm~~s~n~op.n,d1ti~~s..r ~il'J:;fhepublic. :l=i!wa¥s\to .be-considered in ~ispute qf ~rnpl~ym_ent _which the ~mpl.9~tr is re~ be~een lab~t:.af.lg~api_tal, and_ it~~~ been held grant to its e~ployees:(t AilJe...€_1 7). f ~-:J.'-"!-f~' .. ri.~~!s ..:iiof the · g!3ne,ral . public are . . . , . . • . 11 '?"- t; i>b~~~ ~ :.. · · , ff':; ~· r·r r:r:t:>Cintizan~"' JI · . . . · . Labor relations p91_i~Y. und~r(jfifiJ.a ~(.S0~·-1 :l(..J;.;-.,.~T ~ ate.;< - ...._, ff · ·. ·· : embodied. in- . Art. XIII; s~. ~. :~f ~7 .(/ · 9on~titution which guaran~e.e~!o all ·~r~-e~r.""'"~"'/~fe;/EmpJ$yer .angre:mP.loyees ~re ~ctive p~rties nght,.ari:ong __ o!he~s_. to: (~B~~Dt ·. \~ ·( Sr"'f~~ti1i;i}th~,public anp'the state are passive part1es,(2 1. §.elf-or~arnzatJo~;. . · ·\, . . .....~~~-~Pt!(2H~Z, VtfJ/lo,;,..,IRelations La,w Vf.ith. ·_Notes and 2: C?llect1v~ !!'.3rg~unmgand nt:::g?~1~1~so~~...,.~~eom~");iJ.sJ(l-006),p.3) [h'ereina_fter..2 POQUJZ]. . ·. 3. · Pe~ceful ~11d . .§.oncer!ed _act1V!ti~s~1~chiiqft}.9,:Jlh~ ,.\ \r }\~ ;:..."l .. . . ·. , ._ , .. ·._. rig_h~·t? strik.e.i~acc~rdance-w1th '~"."(~nit.!-. . lVJ.r.Ah$Je«lfor·ofthe _C.i_vil c:c;id~; ~an~at~s.~hat_n~ither 4. Part1c_1pate · 10 policy . _a~d . Qec1s1_on-m~R~ng.,_':-""""""~pitalnor t~bor, shall act e>pp~19ss1v~ly-~ga,mst the .. . . ·procl;l~~es· .a!fect~i:ig_ their rights -an? benefits.as · othe_r or. ilJlpair _the ti:iterest and convenience of.the ·,may.be-provrded.by.l_a~ (CON.8_T. /J:rf..)~JIJ, Sec. ·. · public (C/V/1,.'CODE;Art. 1701).·: · · · · 3). ·.. . . . ' .. ... . . . ··,,,·
LABOR REJ.4..TIONS
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'E~tUTivE COMMlTIE:E .•; S(jDJECTe°OMMITIEE . MEMBERS . .. ADVISERS; ..... Y. .. . • MARY.~YRffiLL q. Sl/MANQUI KRISTINA . D .. CABUGAO · JOHN BENEDICT M, RIVERA, . ATTY\._)OY\UCJ-i ··. M. Ov.ir-all · Chairperson, ·'·ERICA" Subject i;h{!ir, VIGTOR.KENN.E!t ~»!EN_-~ D. BIASCA, .. GOLANGC0, Atty .. MARLON J. · MAE C. VISTA Cha1rpe_rSonfor., -~- GAµ\N9" Assistant Subject·. CliRIS'IlAN MARIE LYNN· P. MANUEL and·'.ATIY. PETER.Academics; BEN ~I E. ·_.. Chair, MISHAIµ. R. OCCIANO. ·ro.us, JOANNA PATRICIA ·R.., JO~Y:B_, (!SITA BARBE~O Chairperspnf()r Hotel ·Suoject :, Electronic J?ata_ .. ~/\DWI), .STERHANIE. NICOLE.: · Oporatio11s,JHELSEA.LOUIS_E:B. ·.Proce.ssing, NATHANAEL A. ~M. ILACAD, and _ANN· .MARY . :· DIMA(\NO Vice.(;:hairJlerson"fpr · QUU,ANO Labor $tandards, BEA . MICHELLE B, RUALO· .. . . · .... . Secretariat EARL JUSTIN ·M. PATRICIA G, DA.NGAZO Labor .. Y.6o.MBAO' Vice 'cliafrperson for Relations, ., and ]UZMEND· ··: ... Operations, MA. ANGEl,ICA B.. F.RANCEZ · ·THERESE M, DE LEON. Vice Chairperson for · ABRlAMJurisdiction and·Spccial Fina;,ce,. , ARRA OlAf.'.\YA- J. Laws . . BAPANGAN Vice Chpirperson. fo~:~iidit,"]ORDAN·N. CHAVEZ Vice Chairperi-Onfor EDP, HANZ. DARRYL' D.TIU . Vice Chairperso~ for Logistics, cinJ. · . DOHN ~D E.. AQUILIZAN Vice Chairperson.for Membership_
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The constitutional policy to provide·full protection to labor is not meant to be a sword to oppress employers (DOEHLE-PhilmanManning Agency Inc. v. Haro, GR No. 206522, April 18, 2016).
Note: The mere facl that an entity is· a labor union 'docs not mean that. it cannot be considered ·an employer of the persons who work for it (Bautista v lncionq, G.R. No. :_-5282~'., March 16, 1988).
Article- 218 of the labor Code provides .for the primacy _of negotiation· includi_ng conciliatton, mediation and voluntary arbitration <'IS· "alternative . modes of settlement of_labor dispute." instead-of the more adversarial strikes; lockouts or · any mass -ccncertedactlons (L,4BOR CODE, Art. 218). ·
The· Jaw does not require an employer to· be registered befor.e he may come· within the purview of the Labor Code, consistentwith the established rule in statutoryconstructlon that when the law does not · .distinguish, ... we should not distlngu!sh · (Orlando ·Farms Growers Asso-::iation· v. NLRC, G.R. No. 12907f3, November25, 1998). .,
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Arbit~atiori 'is the subrrilsslon of dispute. to an lmpartiat person for determlnation on the .basts ·of -··· evidence and arqurnentsof the parties. The arbiter's decision or award ts . enforceable upon the disputants. This may be. elther . 'be voluntary or · compulsory. (2 AZUCENA. supra at 24).
E~ployee iriclod·~s: (DiC E) ·' :- · · .1. One who: has been Dismissed from work, but-the Jegality of the ..dismissal is being contested ln a torum of .approprlate Jurisdiction (IRR ·of the LABOR CODE, Book V, Rule. -l, Sec.. 1(r), as. amended by D. 0. No. 40-03}. -------.......---. .•.. ,71 2. Any individual whose work ·has Ceased as· a .. , .. result of or in connection wi:h anycurrent labor )YEE-EMPLOYER ;,'.:_::f'::;,,:'f_-.:,:.',:~, dispute or because of any uniair labor practice if n..ATIONSHIP · " .he has not obtained any other substantially ·i· . ~ ~.~~ "'!=Jquiva1~m and regular employment (LABOR ------------.,- r: ,-.,.-- ... lt:r~[?f{.i~f.l.~-19 (f)); and . . ARTICLE 219: DEFINITIONS .., .• i;, , '3, Any persgr rn the !;mploy ct-an employer. The· Employer: is any person, natural..for juridical,.;\ term sh~Wr,iot be limited to the employees of a domestic or foreign, who carries on in tfr~·P..f.\ilippinei' · particuJa{~mployerunless the Codeso explicitly any trade, business. industry, und~f!§!kiiig'-,~f.ia'ctivity states,;!(Lf,B'f{R CODE, Art. 219 (f)). . . · 1, of any kind and uses the servig.e:3-:qf a.noth,er·f>erson~. ,:::-', f! Ii l · ·. . who is under his order as re1af:q,~ !~:J.!:fl_RIOYip_ent ': ~,1,.,.1. Types:df cmploy_e'~sunder the labor Code except the Government antt;~ant ·of ,its· ;poht1t!'l! t~;·J, 1. fvf~nagerarf'-:::--:-··.':;;• · .. -~ubdivisions,·. br~!)Ch':lS or~.. ,,..i~~~'f~);ltal_itle~;I 2. Sup~wi~_eey.;.:arlti . . . . ·· .. 1ncludlng c.o·porat,ons owned or 'q_obttollei;!~·bY tl),e fl 3. Ranl<-and-file_(LA.BOR CODE, Art. 2·19 (ro)); .. Government: Providec;I,. That .a ·S.~elf-er:nploved_ i/\-~~,· .· ,. . . , .. : .. '. person' shall be bc,th employee and emplQfer'at the ... }·• -~·· ,~'ana·gerial .Employe~ is· one who is vested with s£ime time (R.A. No. '8282, Sec B(c)). ~j/. ·,,,:-r::1°,·;;,._;,:1,!.,._powers 1 (s), as amended by D:O. 'iritere.st of the employer, effectively r~commenc! No. 40-03); or such managerial actions· if the exercise of suet, 2. Any person ~ctlng in the interest of an employer, authority is n.ot rnerely routinary or cleric;al in· nature · directly or indjrectly. The tern:, shall not include but re.q.uirns the use. of independent judgment any labor organization or any of its officer.s or (LABOR CODE; Art.. 21
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2019 SAN SEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS I 85
LAB.OR.RELATION_s·· -SAN BED~LAW CENTRALIZED BAR·QPERATl(!NS - MEMORY,AID·2_oi~ ~!l!)1~\Th~..m&IIIZP4ih1fli!'fbl 4#40 IA A iji P IINiilblPM .
. Control Te~t . .· Refers tothe employer's power or right to controlthe employee not only as. to the result of the work -.to be- ,. · .done but also as, to the means _· and. methods -bY·.. which the .same Is- to be accomplished (Sohza. v .: ABS-CBN· Brocrdcasting Jun~.10, 2Q04). ·..
Corp., G.R: No. 1.38051, . · _. ·_. ···· ... · ·
The control t~st merely calls for the existence ctthe right to controtmernanner ot doing the work, not the... actual exercise of tlie ri_ght (Manila Water Company, Inc. Ii,. Dal um pines, G. R. 'No: .: 11.5501., October: 1,
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. E;vldence·of EmpJoyment · : ·. · No particular form· of.evide1nce is required to prove the existence of·Er·Ee relationship. Any competent -and relevant evidence to prove the relationship may be __admitted (1 AZµCENA; supra at 1.95). . ' . . A claimant's altegation ·ot Er-Ee .relationshlp.whlch- · the· employer does not neny is admitted '(td.). :. . ~ .. . . . . . . ..
Absence'.ofName.fr1 the Payroll Where the. Er-Ee .relationship between -tha-parties . was sufficientlyproved bytestlmonlal-evldence, the absence of time -sheet, time· record, 01· payroll has· 2010). · · · ·· · · ' · become· inconsequential (.Opulencia lee' P/ant. v. · ' ·. NLRC;·G~R. No. L-9838BJ··oec8inb·er·1'5,-!1993)." . ·Not~.: Th!i issuance by.Jhe' principal of guidelines·· : . . · . . . · . . · does not' establish control 6y p_rinc.ipal: (coce-cote - : . · .Note: . The .. presence" or. ab~enc~- 'of ·.: Er-_Ee· Bottlers-PHL; Inc.. v,' Climaco, G.R .. No. ·146881,". · relationship- is· not determined by· the basis of February 5,.·Z007). · .._ . ·. . : employee's .cornpensatlori (,1 A-Zl/CENA,· supre. at ·
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- Nof every form , of _-control wiil ha_ve- tlJe)~~cf.,o'f-,.· -I . '\-~~"'!..:.__~·- . . . : . . . ·... _· . · .· · : . establishing the "Er-Ee .relationshlp, Th~h!?e :~~ul_d fa.~r:1s9tct~1,.og: . · . . . ,. be-drawn between. : ·. . . . J:· ~· .~"----, ....,,...J.t...~,Gpnij;)IW~''lsbrought before the DOLE· to give 1, Rules· ·that merely serve. as g·~~!int!ij19~ . . effectm_~fie l~b9.r"\~tahdar<;ls provisions of the Labor · the· achievement of mutu~fr'y __~t_wtf (~s1:J\tS"'::--~'l;~--6.~d~r'~th~lab2!~l_~gislation,and there is _a ,findi!lgwithout dicfating the mear.is,:'or,~~1ho~f to ~ 4r. -~?' the"'£dL~.0.tH~.~lt")ere is ao ·e?Cisting employeremployed. in attaining itf'(Th~~}f' aim~· ~nly- tQ · ~ iJ'tnploy~f f~!~tio~si\P, the . D9L~- exE!rci~es .pron:iote ~he·. ~~s-ult. In /,suc_h. iase.- , 0 Er-!=e -a~,)ur~~n ..to -t,e(_:ffigu~ionof_the·NLRC. . . . reJ~t1onsh1p exist~); _and,f ~,. . . .. f .__:.;,-.. lll!r _ . ; i -. ·. \1 '"'~ 1~. ·: ' • • . 2, ~ules _th_at-:~ontrol or fif~ffi~e~pdo,logyc~~a_;r; ~l,~.1f~e ~9-L:.E·_ Jfnds ::¥iiat .t~e"r~-- !s. no,. en;i~loxer-. . . · , bmd or restnct th~ pa_rlYJlh1.~1:;.d-ltJ.the l!S~ of_ s,liP,!l~IllZZ?{~plpy.~erelat1~1ish1_~· -~the Jun~d1ctiori .Js properly: m~an·s ·(These addr~,ss~~H:14~1er~t·~nd tn:e::~~~ ~~~-·-~·e l~~~accorgsa-prer~atiy~Jf'."aclaim for reinstatement, .. the . 1. The putative. empl~yer's pPwehto-. by -wh1_ch_ the· wor-k· -.1s~t~_,be,_iVJ!.. __ \_;;,._.~"" · · ·· · .. . . ·.,:, .,. · ·.· accomplished; a.nd · · · ·. ·. ·, . · .•. --~-=-1fa conipli3int-is filed with.tti_e Nl:.RC, !:In.ct theri;! is still .. ·. ·2 .. ; Tfi"e· underiyin~recohom!c.realities:J>fthe ~ct_ivityan_ existi"nir empl9yer,empl.qyee.. relationship. -the. · or. relatioi:-tship: (Francisco v. -NL.RC,.. G,ft ,Yo:. · ··· . juri.sdicti.qn; iS ptope_rJy.with the DOLE;:.-T~~ .findinQs . 170087,.Aiigus(31, 200.6).' · ·.. ··:- ._:- .· · . .o( :the· DOLE,' how.ever, ·may·still b~ -quest.ione.d · · - · · · · · · .- · · ·· . ,. ·· thro1.1.9h petit!o"n tor- t~rtiorari\in~er,Rt!l_e· 6!H,f.th~ · ..- ·e~~nonli~ D~p.erid0nCe Or.~con-~n1i~·~e~1ityTes.i.... ·· .Rules · .. of .. ·~ourt (Bombo Ra(Jyo. Phils., ·v, Refer:s·1o·wh_e.tne'r"the worker. is ·d_ep~n.den.t on the . _- Secretafy.of_the ODLE;· GR: No, ._:/"796521 J•vfr:,tdh 6,-. · . alleged employer (or "his continued· ·.emplqymer.,tin · ._. 201.2) .. , _,. '. · , . . . · ..- · · ··: . : · :_ .• · . . · ·. that .l.ine of tiusinesso-(franc;~cov. NLRC, G.R. _No. . . ¢a:ses ·-Whe·re. !=rriploy~r-Ernptoye.e R~latlo·nship 170Q87;;August 31, 2006). · .
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Ex.lstehqe_of Ernployer-_Empl~¥ee..Reiatlons.hip .. Existence- of ·employer-employee·· relationship :is. ·determined ~y law, not by." contract.Hence,. eve·n if· th·e.parties. call their .contract a '!~on\ra'ct of J..:ease of. · . · ·Service'',"· the factua·1 · existence ·:Qf.· ·an. Er-Ee · relE1lionship ~ill still p"revail (1 AZVCEf.-!A, supra at 198; Pagt.iio· v. :NLRC, .G.R. · :2003)." :
No.
147816, May 9, ·, .
86. I 2019 SAN. $EDA LA\11/.Q:N!RALIZED. BA8 OP.ERATIONS
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j_e~p'~ey'_~rivers.on ~~und,ar{ba~is (Vfiiam,arl~ . . II'. CA; "G,R. No·. 165881, Apr_il 19, 2006); . · ~- .Drivers or helpers."o(~alesmen are employees·of ... · the:cor:npar;i_y(Alhambra ln_di!stfi~s·v. _'cl~, -G-.R.
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Workers Union v. i..agiJ~sma, GR." No. 113542,. Febiuary24, -,1998); _ Si W_orke.rs. in movie. projects (Maraguinot end . . Enero v. NlRC; ~.R .'No. 120969; January 22, f!t·· ·: · ·.. 1998);·. · ·.. · . . · '~ · 6 ... · Salaried lnsl.)rance·a.gents'.a~·distin'ti"u_ished from ' · registered agents ·on,. cornrnlsslon bests (Great PacificLife.Assurance Corp. v. Judtco.: .GR. No. . /J~87,:b.e8_emb.er2"1, ·19~9); . .· · ·
(Felix v. Buensada, G.R.. 17, "1995).
No, 109704; January.
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NQte: A contractof perpetual employment deprives manaqernent ·of Its prerogativeto decide· whom 'to hire;" fire and promote, and renders lnutile' the. basic . precepts of labor relatlons. .. An·· absolute and , unqualified employment tor life .equat to· per.petual 7. Tailors, · ..seamstresses.. servers, .. basters, ·employment is 'contrary .to publlc.pollcy' and gocid plantsadoras paid .. on· plece-rate basis. (Makati. · customs, as "i_t unjustly. fQrbids. the employer from Heberdeshery'v. wti?c; ·G.R; ·Nos: 83380-83, . terminatlnqthe servlcesof an ernployse.desplte the November ·15, 1989); · . . . . . · . . · · ·. ' . . · existence of a just or valld cause. It likewise. compels in-house ·. lawyer 'as .. distinguished fro.m· al') . _. .the employer to "retain sin -employee ·despite the outsic;!e.·retainer:{Hyq,:o Resources·Contractors attainment of. the statutoryretlrementaqe; even· if theGorp. \I. P~galilaJ1an~ ·,G.R,; Ns>;-62·909';'Aj:,ril18, · ·· employee has. become n9n.:p~·rfoi"min·g·asset" or,: 1989)· . · · · ._. wars~,· a lia~lllty 'to the 'ernplcyer (Sorrea«v, · 9 .. Resid~nt"physlciaris· (/RR of-'the °LABOR CODE." ·cambridge· .Electronics_ Corp., G.R. No. · 172927, · -. Bpok Ill, Rule:-X. 9ec. 15);. . ·. ,. . . ,r?) February 11, 2010). . ... · 1·0:. U.r~ivers1t~: p_rcjf~:3s.ors · and lns_tn;icto~ Ea'stem (!Jn,vf]rs1ty v. CIR, G.R. N<J.·. L-17620,ct/-'·-:-·•, Importance _ of. Determining . Ex,stenc~ of At.ig_qs($1._f962); .· · ... :,.·: : ... ·· . ··. E~ployer-EmploY_ee ~elatio.riship.. .. 11, T~xr .an~e~;. -~nd_ .b1:ir.bE1r (C1fizens League.; 9~', ~- ;;;t,-~1r.r;i~rally, l!;!Q,or standards and cor'ldit1_01:1s appl}:' onl_y Fte.e ~~rkers · v. A!_Jba::;, G.R. ':"O:. l::-;l/fZ1?.t(J·r·r:· ;_~J...'1.~~~!.i~f relati?riship .. Howeve_r. i_n.. some Septemqer-23, 1966);· · · · : ·. ,«,/ ·. · .. : ll")Stancesfev.e.n 1f th~re 1s no Er-Ee ~elat19nsh1p, the 12: _.Securio/ ~th· r_espe_ct. t9~j.ti_e. se<;:~rityii ...:.i_ Lab.or : Codtfff~_ay .. still ·be oinyoked; :e.g. _indirect · _agf3n.cy1(~gro·Commerc1alServ1cf)'s,~JJ.fi~cy, l'?.g::,,..,-:-t. -employ~.r'.s}1"!~!l!!Y· 111.egal F~_cn,utmel)t and m1~use.~f V, f'ILRC1 G_:~.·No. 82_823~24,J,,,0.$J31/:t~f#l];. . . ~.I ~OEA hc~f!S~ (.1lZU.CENA, supraat 33). ' · 13 .. Paki.E!
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FOUR: LAE\OR ORGANtZAT"IONS . . . . . ~. . ...
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. CAN~ELLATION . · .. , Labor Organization is any .union· or association· of employees· which exl~ts .11'.l whole or in par:t .tor t.he P.Urpos·e · of· collective' bargaining-. With employe_rs · concerning terms ~nd conditions of employment
(LABOR CODE,Art. 219 (g)).
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Unlon is any labor organization in the private ·sector orgahized for collective· bargaining and for olher le~itimate purposes (Jf?R of ·.the· LABOR ·cbbE, . -Book V, Rule· 1, Sec 1 (zz), as amended by D. O.' No. · 40-03).· ·. . . .· · .. ·. .: '· ·
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It. exists in· whole or.. i_r:i It . IS . ·organ,izeci.. for the part forthe purpose of mutual aid and protection collective bargainin!;J or .of its members pr for any of · dealjng_ . with legitituate purpose other empl_oyers'. concerning· than :coll~ctive bargaining terms and condltlons of {/RR 'ot. the · LABOR employment (LABOR, GODE,: Bo.0k: V, Rule 1,. CODE, Art. 219.(g)). · . Sec .. 1,_ par.. -ccc, as . ·amehde.d.b_y.ffO: 40-03) .
. L~gitimate Labor O.tganization (LLO) isany labor· organization which is ouly regis~ered with. DOLE. . . . The t~rrri _incl.ude~ a local/chapter directly chartered . . by a legitimate. federation or national union: which· . has been dui~ reported to the Department . in ·· . accordance with-Section 2, Rule Book .v of the 1mplementin~rRules (LABOR·.CODE, Ari. 2fa(h)). · ... ·.
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. N.oi~:·.Not.eve~ leg itima~~ labo~ orga~iiat~~ c~~ .ac~ .. : Cla~sifi~atl~n. of Lab~r .Org~nlzatl~ns:. (NIT AC) . ,as .bargafning representative and be ·certified as .1, · .~ationa1.· Unjoli/Federation . ·_. any· labor such. This: lstrue.only' of a un10·11 that has won ii') · · ~ .·. organization with .at. )east. 1q locals/chapters 'certitlcation election· or· has ·. been voluntarily each o( ·.which rnust be 'a 'duly certified or recognized by° the:'eniployer (2 AZUCENA, supra aL.,-=:~ receqnized collective, barg<:3ining_ agent. . · 179). . . · · .. : . . · .. · ,· · . · · · · ;,.,~- l .. Uni~rr. -:-_ gr6!JP .of. !~gJlima~e labor 1 -~~til.~s~ry. · . ·. ·. · · ol;la·.Q'~~t1ons wlthin an· identified · rndustry, 11 l,i:i~7p~ndent ·l,Jnion· is aAy· lab9f ~orgap)z.a].p.!l~~~ .~gawiz1~~!. r coll~ctiV~ bargaining or for dealing opet~tm~ ~t- th~ _ent~rprise l~~·.r,.wftp~~;::;>legal·. . ~~~1:1'.lp~~ e~s c?n?en;ii~g t~r:ms a.nd conditions·· · pers,o.n~hty 1~ derr~ed through a~rncie~~jljerit~.cti0r.F~""~~e:t1H'~~01 ~t:~1th1n ar:r 1d~nt.1fied_ mqustry or for ·tor reg1s!rat1on _with- tne BL~/>g;g,Qse, prpscribE:JS, . ·-". W- ·.p~~c1~nW.f.ft.l ~~e ·_form~lat1on. of social and. u~der Art. 240 of the ~abor c_gae. lt.:r;n,~y be\9ffiliate'.a' : g~ ~rnpJoYl:1~!1fpohoW~·st~nd~rds; and .programs w1t~-~-feder.atlon, national orJ11~ustryfunfonx-inwhich !' rn ~ue,h 1na~~tf11:~~1ster.ed_with. DOLE.: · case rt lllay also be refer.rf,d tp-;'~~h i;r:ie~~~rs IA colle<;:tlve f5argalning l~boF organization .whether-. ~r.i"n,e~~[TIP,~"\J~y.tJfe;1,r. , ·• ,,·..,.,--urf~·.C9:1lrti9J1,l~t!J'.:l9{irrr the ·for!llulation of .&oqial. employer (LABOR QODE;Ait-:'·..2)191(J)!- - :()~{·:· ~. ~~~' 'ym~Jdymerrlt policies,~ s!alidards, · and . . · .. · . · · · \ : · ·~ :c~~ 1".·~ tgrams,,uuly re9;1stereq·with tl)e DOLE.. · Ex~~usi~e . ·aargaining._' Re·~res.ent1ajive·· '1:;~~A~ 1rancFf...,,_ag_gre~~tiqnOf ynions exis~ng ir:i- one· . le§llt1mate la~_or uni~n dl,lly ~e':o.g~!zed_or.~~rtit(e~Sa~ ~l~e .9f~fn-~u~tr~jr-rn. a ·cong~?merate_; a group of .. t~e ~ol~ and exclus1v~ bargamm9\~pres~.~"'~"'~t~~~~ch~~ ..~s._:;.·a · ge~raph1cal area, or . an ag~~t of all.the·emplovees in a,_ba~Q~ipi~~t-q~R'*=c.=..,,.,.:i:1t;i~4$t9f;l~jfl'n.ter .. · .. : . . .·. , . . .. of f.!le-LABOR CODf!, Bor;,k V. Rule :1':'~eciftt..(tJ{as ;"~ If,- l.!~Qpw~nyu,:i.lon-'-- a _.labor 9rga_niz.at.ion whi?ti, ... am(tnded by_D.O, ~o. 40,._D3): '.~~- , · ~-/1£."'·~~~?le,_o~1~. part, ts -e!T'i51oyer~controlled or ·;, ·... . ._ .. : . . · . · . ~~.=:--....., _emplqy~_r.-dom(r-ra_te·d (;. AZ_UCENA .. supra .at w_orker'~·.Assoclafion·is.an ass.oci.ationof workers· : 1.8?~184).: . ·. . ·. ·. . · ..· · ... organize~( for .the. J11'ufua'r ;;tid· anif pr:otection-·of its.. . . . .. ·.. :;' ·.. --: . . .. : . . .. _me.rnber,. or (9r any.,l!;!gitimi3te purpose ottt~ ·than : Note: .c~,ea.t10~_.of.a l?cal ch.apter does ·not. :nee9 collective barg9.ini!1g (IRJ:?. the .~BOR CODE,. . . · : -s~b~_cpption of at·. Jei3~t .- 20_% .. of t~e ,ti.emb~rs.. .. Book V, Rule 1, .Sec·1(ccc), a.s a17Jendedliji D.o. No.. · . l\,1\~1mun:, num_ber of 'J')!:lmbers 1s applrc~bJe sm[y to .. 40;03):· · · · · ·· . . ,. Teg,stration qt ,~dep,,m.d~!)~-unioq_{POQ.UIZ,supra at . . · .. . 139:,1:40}. ·.. ,. · .. · .•. •.· ..
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. Legfti;,,a~~ Wo~k~r·~.Association:.s a~ asso~i~t;~~- · · ·. · . :_:fhe )..:abor Code' ar1{1ts implerri'f:riiiri~··r~les do ·n.ot. of Workers orga,njze·d for.. mu.tu.a(ale;! ~nd protectjon· . require t.~a~ the nl,JJ.11ber· ~f ryiember.~ appearing.on·
ofits.me_mb~ts .Or'for anyJegitimate purpose__Q.ther · than .collective bargairiing regist~r.edw.ith the· DOLE · (!RR of tbe LABOR COD{=, B9qk Rt.ile ..1~ Sec 1 {ff} •. ·' .as amended-by.D.Q. Nd. 40•0.~l: . ,:
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. the. documents ·in qu~stion" should ct>mpleteiy . · dovetaiL . F9r· as· long : as . ihe. documents and . . . signatures are st,,own to be g~nuine and regular and ... the constitution and. b)l~laws. d.emoc(atlcal]y ratified, t_he.. uni?n is. 'deem~o-, ha~e ·. comP.JiesJ .. With. rer;i!strat1on ... requir~ments ' (The Heritage: Hotel .Mari/If! 11. Pinag:i;an9 ·Gating. a( Lakas mga Manggaga.wa··sa·Heritage Manf!a,.'G.R, No. · 177024 . Oc.fob~r 30, ?009); . . .. . '
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. . .Note: Article..240 of the. Labor Co~femakes specjflc reference to the following organizations (not merely to any organization) \vhich may reqister as labor organ)zation, to ~it.; (NalFIT) '. · 1.. National Union: 2. !ndepeEJdent Union; 3. federation;· ·· · 4. !ndustry U.nion:-and . . 5. Irade Union Center (LABOR CODE, Art. 240).
'FOR ARtlCLE· . 240:-'· REQUIR!=MENTS · REGISTRATION c~_ncept.pf Reg tstratlonc . . . . .. .. • It is the fact .pf being (egistered witl:l the DOLE that . makes ..a· labor organization. legitimat~:fri ·the s.ense . that it i~· clothed with.···legal personality'. to.. claim . . rep.resentatiooi:i(and. bargai~ing rights enumerated . in Art. 250 or.to strike or picket under Art: 27'.8 (~ AZI./CENA,·supra· a! ·185).. · · · ·
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Bl:.R ·or the Regional .Offices - applications for registration of. federations, national unions or workers' assoclattons operating in more than one. It shall 'be processed by ihe · BLR (2 AZUCENA\·supraat 187).:
Note: A labor organization may be orpanlzed under the . Corporation Code as a . non-stock corporation . and. issued a certlficate of incorporatlon.by the SEG. But such -incorporatlon 'has only .the effect of giving to . it juridical personality before regular courts" of justice: Such incorporation does not grant the right ... and privileges of a legitimate labor organization (PH Land-Sea-AirLabor Union·Inc. v. CJR,G.R. Nos. L~· 5664 & L-5698, September 17, 1953). . .
Mandamus;nof Certiorari, is the proper remedy . The proper remedy-aqalnst refusal to register a i°abor orqanlzatlon which complies with all the . •· ·. • • ...-:r?. -requlrernents is mandamus · and · not certiorari: The requirement of .registration. is not a curtailmen,(1,:•} Certiorari . Is . not'- the proper remedy since the. · of th_e right.to assoclation .. it i$- merely a corid!fi(?ri(/, :J~} approval 'of applicatlon .for reqistration is not a -sine _q_ua ·non for the acquisition of legaLpe~on~jlf¥:,,~ ho~ judicial function (U.E:· Automotive Emptoyees end · (PH Assoc. otLebor Unions v.. Seccof Lebo« -G ~r,·,,···,i!_. ..'ri(Qrkers Uf}ion.trade Unions.of the PHL and A/lif!d No: ·L-222213,: February 27, 1969). . . . ,,:;/t·.,L~,·,y:~1~!_;..$~1:liq.ef:,-41..~N_fJriel; G.R. No. L-443Q0, November 25, ·. ·. . • ...... . ·. . . , . • . ..•• ·.. .;»: I" · .I,_:/ I){. 1976.tl--.,._.u,'.:,.t . . ,. /"':.,/"· It 'J• f· . The requirement of'registratlon i~ a·.valigi,e".x.ercis·eqf!l.~.:fj . · · .. /~\\ p9l_i.~e. power. siri~e .. t~e · acti~iti~s · i~F~9(~h ~b.gJ>:··1\ · Ministeri_aJt 'fluty of the BLR Compellable , by · orgc1r:nz<:1ti.9.ns_,asSQCli;li10!'1s,.or1Jn1o~s;.9t>,,,f?~:e1,s_are i'.:l Mand~"'.1~$._fa. \\ . : ·. . , . . engaged aff~ct pub.lie. :mte_rest;,-:,Wl'\1ch '.s,p.0eld. I?~ !;J\ The mm1s.tenfil du~ mvolves·oAly the review of t_he protected (Pf! .tlS$Of, .o( S.ec. or"\-. r~1·_, appl)~\iP!')~~jr~9l,.tr!.!i?n _a,nd not the issuance o~ a Labor; G.R. ·rqo. 'L-22228, FefJruary::2-7..;;-1])69).. i~~),. f-:~i< _Cert1flr.".'.'!fe'.;,."OF~~mstrat1on . "(Vassar · Jodustnes · °'',;!! · ~I · ''I !-,, ;.......-r..,u, ·o•·,·1•;":'A.:,r · .. · · . . · · · .· . ~ · ~):~, :~ .f~.' 1 · · I';'; Emp/oy_eeSJ!..~l'l'~v. Hon.:· Estrella, G.R, No. L-. Requi~em.e_n~ for the.l:>suance·ot{lEjil:Ci~~ifl~t'. ,1~( 4q562, -March·3~, 1978) ·· . · ..: . of_ Re_gis_tration·of L_abor Q~gan(zatj~-~s:'(F.~1-~4) . 1. Fifty P,eSOS (~5o.oq) reg1str.at~9n ~1:{:'t-~:;}~~S?r-org~n1zat1on h'ad.filed_ the necessary 2. N,am~s of its_ officers•• their· aq#r~sse~;~e::.:...!.-~paper-s.:.cil'IS"documents for. reg1strat1on. it ·becomes · principal address· of the. labor orga,;i1z.ati6h~the · mandatory tor ·the BLR to check if the requireme.nts· rr1inutes -9fthe.'br~.~ni~a~onal·meetiA"!fs;~!l.dthe· 'und!3f Art. 240· h~ve been sedulously compliep with, . Ii.st ·of t!le:workers wM· p~rtipipatl;l_d."'.1n such ·.. ·tf its. appJicatiorr. ·tor registration ·is vitiated .by ,meetings; ·. ·. ·. . . :• . : ·.. · ..... · .. . . falsification· and serious irregularities,. especially . 3. in ca~e- th~ applicarit ,s· an !nd_epen:~e~_t..,un1pn, _ . . ttiuse ·appearing on .the iace of the apJJlicaUo_n anct·. ·.' t_he naities· pf all its members _c;omprising_at-lea~t · . the. supporting documents,· a ·lab.or· organization · 20'% 6( all the -emplqyees ·in the barga!riing· unit · stiou1c;1 ·;be :den_ied ·reco{inition ·as a. legitimate labor ·. · where it seel5s to oper~te; ·. . - ...... · · ,. . organization · · (Progressive. · . Devel9pment . 4. If fhe. appli.cant.:union. has b.een k1 _sx!stence for. . . Coiporation~Pizza· Hut v:: Laguesma, . G.R .. No. . ime (.1) · br. Ill ore · yeiirs·; ·bopfr~$.. 6.f. ifs _''annual · . 115077_; April 18, 1997): · . .. . . . frnandal r.~ports; an<;i · . ·· · .: . . · · ~5.". Four (,1) cqpie~ 9.f ~e c9nstitution ·and:by-laws ARTICLE.~4.1:, CHARTERING,AND CREATION .. · ·of the applicant union:.minutes. oflts'adppt!on·or ·oi= LOCAL.CHAPTER · . . . . t. . · . ratification,.": and· •ttie list. the mertibers··.who Gen·e·ral R"ule: It is thEffact of beJng register!;l9 with. : ,.. : ·particip_a,ed·in·. \t (LABOR .C_ _DDE,.Art., 240). . : , . the DOLE.that makes a· labor organization legitimate r· in.the sense that it is.clothed with.legal·p·ersonalityto: . Whe~e· a~pllcation-for"regiS.trat.io~-·, · · · .: .·. · claim the:· r'e.presentatio'nal· ang ~rgaining rights :1.: ·Reglom,11 . office·. -·where tile··. appll~ant .enumerated under the labor Code (2' AZUCENA, •· .. ·p,rln<;lp~lly · .operates ., .. for ·registration: of. supra at 187). · ·-··· independent- labor unions,· charter~d lo9c1ls, or ·.worker.'s a~socia.tions. It shall.be. processed by (.'· ' ·tne· .Labor Relations Division at the Regiorial·. Office.
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ln~ependent Registration·v. C_hartering
Exception:-
Tentative legal .. Persqnality to File 'Petltlon for Cer:tification-Election (PCE·) . A duly registered. federation or national union may . · . directly -create a local Chapter by. -issuing a charter · certific.ale indicating)he establishment of the . focal · · chapter. .The. chapter-shall acquire legal persorjality · · only. for purposes · of. filin_g a . petition for certification election from the date it was-issued-a , charter . certiflcate (LABOR· CODE, Art: Z41; 2 . AZUCENA, supra at 191) .."· . . . ;. . .
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Ob-tained by union organizers · in · an ·enterprise throt,igh · their own accord:
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A 'trade ·1,mion. center cannot create chapter. (San "Miguel Corp. Emplc:>J('?es· -Union-PH Trensporiend · . General Workers Oigcmization v. · San _Miguel Packaging .. · Products· ·... · employees . . UnionP.1:in:ibansanfj(biwi3. ng. Ma.nggagawang Pllipino, <;3.R /iJo. 17115:3, September:12, 2007). ·
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· · , (:July :re·gistered federationlnational unioh: ·1. , - ·issues a Charterto a ·union.in a"r:1 enterprise·; and . 2. . . .Registers . · the . charter with the regional" · office "cir t_he .BLR:· · · A
. ·legai With:",l_egal pe.rso~ality_" but.
. · - loses it once it disaffiliates. with~ ~~e legitirriat~'• labor UP.O~. the s~bm1~s1on 0:, ~~e foU?w,9:9>:d~~~J}~t?'--=-=::t""':' ~.;;! fedE;Jration because ·~ _IS only additlon.to lts.charter cei;t1.ficate. ·(t'91) ~/:-?' · . '~~;. .. .-?-°'j,''\_ . legitimized by affiliation: 1. · Names of the chapter's officers;t@it- acfdre~se~.~ · ··""'·· · ··· · · · · . ~and the principal <;>ffic.e of tt~hap:feri(~ . 1!;!) 2. £h~~ter's constltution~ant by-'fai11~;ani .. : 1_r· .. /,~. : !' . plicafj_on \\ .,,, p~_art~~ce.rtiti2at~..iss~ed:by 3. · Provided, that wh~re. thp. ~~~~tf}r~ cq,..:'!~tu;10~ ., · . .r.egistr.ation rs:\\.frl~d {eder?t,~n or ni3tfonal urnon i3nd: ~-19-WS ar~ ~h~ t,s~w.,e ji3.s. thal of tfre~. ,,.... ,w~h_an(!Will be~fted' if ~le_d. with ·.t~!3 Re9ioi1al .. _f~d~r-~t1011 or..the _nation11 ttmonfi.'th1s ~a~i sh~1·~~ :°;:. ~y- the. ;·~~:~~~e or-~_~Rwithin 30 days .. !nd1cated a~c~rd1ngly_(~~8~fODE,d_rt. ~~1&:--Regiorf~J.... ·. .'· ffi_ce. 11ter . tl}e, issuance. o~ the .wller.1ftlil~pli'ant's -~harter ce"rtifieate. . The add!tional requ1rements.,sp~,~t:i~cectf"-dtpri~er~ ft.:fIQririifQ~,J/ offi[i{""i~'I/ . . ·· . oath by the·sec;:retary or- treas,_yfer 6f-t~e c aR't~~nf~"-"'. · /J . · .. . · · . .. at the enterpris~ 1~.V,~l.th.fitacq~ired ~Q_?!t(~9_0fl~fi[Sr-:7."" _.....,._.;!:.,.: Ai•t1~$P~.IJ.de.nt~rnon a!f1l_'at~d with a federation throug~ regjstration.with the.Rl,:lgional C:>ffl~tef(Jft. ·or·""'\ /{ i1,~~9{~.fl~!g»a_l.urnon, or _. .; the LABOR. COQE;; Bpek. V, Ru/~ .I, Sed.~t(.i1 as l(2t:d1,.,._;;t,jart,~l"e? !0cal . wh1ch ~wa~ .. 9~bseq~entl_y · .amended by o~o No; ·46--03). . . . : . . ~----__::....--JJ!ante? an mde:pendent reg1_s~rat1_?r.b_u_t·d1~ n~t · , ·· • · · · . . · disaffiliate from ,ts mother feaerat1on or national- · , ... --':union "(iRR'offhf1._LABQR CODE, Sook Vi RUie ·. Union~ ·at·.Enterp.rise_Le"ifEtl · . · · · -A"labor union at"·el)terprise-lever·may be created . I, Sec: 1(a);.asa."}ende.dbyD."O:f!o.·4_0-03).·.
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·. Not~ Relati~nshlp of lo~r ~r ehapter and that of the . . labor. )edE!rq_lion"or .natio"na!-"union_is that ·of atjency, . whet~ the loqal .is .t.he principal" tihd .the fade.rationthe : · .. agent .(2AZUCE;NA; f;Upra a(202): ·. · . ' · . .. . . . . '· -Registration: .. Requirements. · of · fndep~ndef]t·.: Labor'Union: .(UMM-FC)· · · · .. 1. _. "The riame- qf the. applicant _:labor· !!nlon; its . . prindpa! address, the riarri.e of. its officers . and . their respec.tive addresses1 approximate.number· . of. <3mp!eyees ·in_ :me bargain_ing_ ,urit 'where it." seeks .to operate, with-.a statement !1:Jat it is not rep"orte"d a~ a diai:tered" local .of any federation : . or natiopal union; . .
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of e~nk· ·1;mpioyees \1. Phl/nabank: Employees G..R. No. 174287, August 12, 2013). · · · . .. . Exception: Even before the onset of the freedom period, disafflliatlon-may still be carried out _if ii ·is effected by ·.a .rnajp~ity. of the members .1n the barg_aining unit (ANGLO-KMU v, Sertiehen (lg mga Manggagawang Nagkakaisa . sa Mahi/a Bay Spinh_ing Mills, G.R: f18562, July 5, 1996). · ·• · · · · · · -Not~:· The.exc.eption.appiies only if the contract of . affillation·· does' not specify ·the period. for possible . ~isaffi~Jation (iAZ_IJCE/1/A,supr~..at 2D_7)_- ·. ·
.. andthe lisf of employees who participated lnthe
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said meeting(~); . . . . . 3: The name· of al( its Members comprising 'at least 20% of the employees in the bargaining .1,friit; . 4. The annual financial reports if the applicant 'has been -in existence-for 1 more years; unless it has. not coflected any .amount ·tram· the · members, in Which -case a statement to thls effect,stiall.be included; · 5 .. The .applicant's £onstitution and: by-laws; . . . minutes of Its adoption or (a.tififation, and. the· list · o_f the members who partlclpatedIn it The list of
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Fre-el;fom:i:,~rJod .refer& tothe last.60 ~·ai:ofthe 5th d · t · · an. 1 as1t ,year. of a.CBf>. ( d.J.. . Ma~ne~ o,f.[?isaffiliatlo·n . . The.jnembers shall determlne' by secret ballot; after. due· deliberation, any question of ..'TJajor . pellcy affectlnqthe ·~ntire-membe_~ship_.of !he-:o~gan.izati<;>n, . . • . • •. ·• · _ 2 unl~ss: the nat_ore. of the orgamz~tlon· or. for~e Re~u1reme~ts of_A~hat_i~n: (RAR M AN) . /.. (/ ·' :,;;, rnajeure renders such secret ballot .lmpractical, m ~ i .. . L fieport. of afflllation of indep1ndentl}I regist~~.~~ ,· · ·. w_hich·case, the board,of dire.c~orsof the organization · t~or ~ni.on_; . · . )j (,"_~ ...;·;L~~y.;.;r:nake: . ..ittie decJsloff iri behalf of tlie· g_~n·eral 2. .- ac ll?Jmls .. · · .. . .• p'. ,:;,', !,.-·,,;.,.!:'nieriJfi°>'~rsnip~fJ.ABOR GODE, Art. 250(d)).· · a. Besolu~1on of tt:ie_l?b?r union's boa(d.,,~t~~ifect<:>,rs '---: r · a~prov1~g·the aff1hat1on;. : [. ,:" , : /~-!,. l,.ocal UnJor,J>isaffiliateS:to Join New federation b. Minute~ ?f .. th~ ~e~~ral membe~s~1,mee~1~---:When ·the;Jl~c,t union withc;lr?Y.,S frnm the· old approv.1ng the affJlrat1on;. · . /,.·.}· :<~ . ·. ,.,'>.. fe_dera~orytot1oii\ a new federatio.n, it was merery f· The ·tot<:11 :number of Me"'.9-~~Ccomµ,&1s1.0€1the · · -¥/\ · ~xercisil}~ its~pri"'ary right t?. labor org·~nization for . labor union- and the nan:i~.s of ~m:bers wh~-· Ji ,1 the · eff,ctivej· enhancement. and · pr.o~ection of t .. apJ:)roved:.the.affiliation;· ~~".''2;~.; ~-.·:.. comffi'/Jili'Jn'ffi.tlf~]S}(-Jjopica/ rtut Employees' Uni_on-· °.t · . d. The certificate· of 8ffilrat19n IS~Y.,~d,,(by iitl\~~ · ·.-i,-, . CGLI\( v:'-T-1.Qfli.'i.JJ./!.b/tit Focxl Market, fnc;, G.R. No. Lfeder.ati~n . _irr · favor of _th~:.,:mj.e~nden~y':)~ 4349~99,- January 20, .1-990). , · . · · . . registerea labor union;· and. .. \t -~ \~ ' _:..:-c,, .. · :· . . ' . · : ... . . · e. .-Written· !!otice to·the: .employer conp:e1.niclif the·.· .';J'.'dQ'~tt:i,e,.1absence. o~: enforce.able. provisiqns in the . ~ffiiiatinf} union .i~. the .·incumbe~t?oarg~jAi~~~..:~lf.ef(lequi~co~stit~tLon pr'ev.e~t[n.9 di:>affi!i~ti9~ O~.~ _-. agent (!RR of the LABOR CODE,f3_5ok\{.y~p1e - .. · ·f!)cal ur.uon,. a local· may se:ver-,~s -r(:llat1ons.h1p with its . /II, ·Sec. 7; as am~naed by D.. 0. No~·;f0~03l · · parent (People's : J,;u:J_usfriaf and . Commercial. · ·· ,·. . . . . · · .. :· ·, ,"-::~,·-"' · . Einpioye.esand· Worke,:s 0r9!1_f!ization.. People's · · N~tei· SUP,l;)rviso,r s umon an.d th~. rank and file union · •. fndu.$fria/· and Corpmercial Corporatib_n, G.R. N6. operating within the ~a:me establishme(it· may join · 37687, March 15, 1982). · t,))e: same· federation or national l!nion . (LABOR .. . . . . . .. . ,. . .· CPDf=, Art. 255). . . · · . . . . A : local .·union o.~~s. its· cre~.tion. cal ·union. may disaffiliate from . . Emp(oy~e's'. Union-.CG.W v, ·Jrppica/ 'f:/ut. Food federation: It has been repeatedly held that: a. : ·. -Market,· inc.; G,R. No:.. L-43495-99,· ·January 20, i. ;local .··u.nion, being,· ·sepa~te ar:id vc;>IOnfMY· .· 1990)... · ·· · · · ·. .association, Is free to serve. ·me _ interest Qf alt (ts . .Tt:ie. ~·0113 ·essence·: 9f affiliati~n. ·i:r.to, increase, by ·.~emb~'rs incl.uding:the lre~dom Jo ·aisaffilia~e-w,hEin.. collective ·action, the· QO"in_rrion· bargain!,:ig ·pq1J.1er of ·.·'_ ..·.... :circumstances warrant This rjght is- cpr,sistl;lnt·with . . the .. cbnstitulional guarant~e . of ' freedom. of local . union~ for. the effective . ent,anqemenf and . protec_:;tion of their interests· (PH. Sky/anders;·~nc.. v: association (VolkscheJLabor U.niofl.. .'BLR, ··G.R. · NLRC, GJ{ N_o. 12-7374, 31, · · .·•... . iv_o.'i-45824, _Jµhe 19, 19_85}: .. · . January . 2Q02). . ~ . ~ . . . . Li.mitation: (?(saffiliatlon.. should be _in accordat:lce.. Whe" to·Disaffill~te .. . with the n,1le$. - and · procedures stat~d in" the Generai -Rule·: A labor union may' disaffiliate fr~m. co.nslituUoli ·and. by-iaws ·of-· the· fe.deration (2. the.mother union .to.form .an'inde'perident llnion only· ... AZU.CENA,'supra at 204). dl.lring . the .~O-~ay : ..freedom peri'od !mmei;liately . ·"-· preceding the expjratior, of the QBA (National . . . . . Union : ·:ratifying· members shall be c:frspensed With· . where 'the constitution and by-laws were ratltled or adopted during. the organiz.ational meeting)n such a case, the. factual 'circumstances orthe ratification shall be recorded ··in: the rtlinul!:t~ of the orqanlzational . rneetin,g(s)·_- (2 AZI./Cf=NA supre at· 189).
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Note: Disaffiliation can. never be.done If the CBA or the by-laws of the federation-prohibit it. A prohibltion' to disaffiliate. in the federation's constitution ·or bylaws is· valid.· It is intended 'for its own protection · (Cirteli Employees., Labor J.Jnion-FFW v. Cirtek El~ctronics, Inc., G.R. No .. 190515,·Ji.me
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. ,• .. ·., . Dlsafflllation.,M!,Jst be-by ~ajorlty Declalon . .- Article 250(d) applies to disaffiliation, thus.Jt has to · be .decide.d by the entire membershlp th'ro.ugt:i secret . . ;b~lloting_ (2 AZUCENA;. ~~pia)i_f 20,7). . .
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Effect. of · Cancellation of · Reglstrallon of Federation, or N~tional Union' · General·R~le:"The·cancellaJlon of-registration of a federation. or national I.inion shall operate to. divest its locals/chapters of their status as legitimate Jaber , · ocganization .(!RR of' the LAB.OR CODE,· Book v,· Rule VII/, Sec; 6, as 'emenaea by_ D. 0. No. 40~03). ·. l:x~epti9n: · The .locals/chapters jlre. covered by -a
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Arr individual member 'or any. number of members .: duly' re.gist(;!red':' collective bargaining agr:eement· · . may disaffillate from· the imio~ · during· the ."freedom._. · (JRRot the L~:~OR COPE,· Book y; ·Rule VIII; Sec. period" .. But: dis.affiliating the -urilon itself ~Orf1 the 6, as a7!i~nded by D.O. No .. 40~03).. · mother union must besupported by the: rnajority.ot .. . - . .. . . . . .. " .. -. . the members .. lfdone by a rninorily, everr dwing the. :rhe l_o.cals/chap~e.r:s sha.11_ q~ a119wetj .to ~eg1ster as jreedorn period,--ttie · act. may eonstitute dlsloyalty. · . 1r:,d~p:en?.ent umons, . fa1h~g. wh1c~ . t~ey .sh?.11· lose _ The minority members brea-~irig aw~y.'at the wr9.0~-=~Jheir_.leg1t1mate-statu~ upon tt,_e expiration of.the CB~ time may be· e~pelli:la·_'tro.tn the union ai:,d,'*~.,r~ason.:-;r · ~, .~RR"
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.their employment AZ~CE~A, #fld~~olid?ti9n· · ·. · . ·. . .: · · Effect of Disaffiliation: .. · #,p ~..."':""";..,""";"""":~:MN,,g~r,:(~A~s4'.i)>t1~.n)·1s.the r:irocess ~ere~ l~bo~· 1 As.to Union Dties .... ,1r--..~ ·~;.:v· or!Jan12!!:}t1o~s..~.Q~~.r~ another, . resulting rn, the . · if ,,._,. ) /,/' · ll'J) . IA -~ ·r ' ~fl "tfief' b d l b . 1· ' The fe.deration will no_ IOJ'lger-"t-e~eiv~·, he 'due'.s .qli} .&~.~Sa10{' 0 ~1-' rf. ', a sor _.e . a or orgarnza 1on S . fronHh·e employer bec#use "Ylfhol!fl~he S?id ·, ex1~teri_cr c:!ncl_ \th~) 1ont1~~ed exfstence of the affiliation; the.employer IJJ'ilspl:l'lr·nkfo 1~nrot'her''." _aas0r.bm9 l~l:)o~. 0~~~pt~at1on . (l~R of ,the LABOR unio~. ·. . . . . . l · . ... · ~,-.. t;_G'fj[}E, f~ok_ V,t~~~1.~J~ Sec. ·!W), .~s, a,me_nded_ by 1~ 2 .. As to·existing'CBA ·.,d e . ,b;~. ..,0z,':fr.ff>:N~J 40-03\) ):=._~] · .. : · ·. . · .· · Thei CB~ con?nues to..~inci~~/;\~lmE!t_ii6:~P~ of:ih,t:.?~~-EffectlllfiJr new or. d1saffihated arid 1lildeoendem-r.6~ra 1~· up to~ ·~ · ,? O,.:,J/ 9 eJ{:r,#'i ff ·. , . . · t' d.· t\\ 1t.,J!A ::-,. .;,~·,..w~~;<0·filt~ ,I 'I ergeg~~r.f.l sfe~S. ~ lO tl;,l.e.1absorbrnglabor organization th.e c·BA' s-expira ion a e r""· L • c . · ~1~, .d..:.. tS'l'"'"I ,'/"> t' · t"' ' 'd bit · .... . 209) · · . . · . ~ • . · ~'-' ~ ,.;..<;11 ,tJ •El;:{~ ~· 1~ erest a11 . o gallons of u.1~ ab~orbed ~,M~,:~i~a·~°:t(.IRR·o,fttie. LABPf: CQDE,_ f3ook y,, _.urisdictlcin .· . · . , ·. • .:,··~0.'(~f?!,e V;}:_C,· 1.Q, a4'a.J71ende.d by D.O. N_o. 40-03) ....
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!h_e i~s~e of d'is,a~lia!io.~is. ~n· i_nt~ . ~nion.~.nf.ll<;~<;~_ ..~·~lici~'tio~)l,aigaril~tip_mfJSkylci~d~rs, tJ,£;~~~·1:-fC,.1\/lf~k~,.,J>.J"nlOre unio.ns (!RR o( the LABOR. C(?DE,., G.R, No,. 1273741 Janua,ry ~1, 200,2). . . ~~~Spol('·'i;l, Rule"/, S!3c. 1(1), as r;!mfjnded:by_D.O: No.' . How is.Revo'cation of Chart<J_rhy·the .Fe~ef;Jti~n ·:·· .. 10-o3).. : __: . ' : . .' .. ·· .. ·· . ·.. .E~e,·~ted. . :, .. · . ._.. . : ... .:· ·. . ·.· .' . Effe.ct.of C~nsolldatlo.n;· " . . By.- ·serving ·.the· locallchaptck a. verified · notice of The··newly created labor organization acquiies all the. reypcation; copy rurn.ished by th:e.aLR on 'the ground .. rightl?; .Jriterests'arid. o.bligatlon_s of.lhe. consolidating, of· disioyalty · or. !:i.uch oth~r ··grounds. as rnay: be .. ' · labor. .organ_izatip11s t(IRR qf the l;ABOR . .GODE;· · spe'cified'ln;.its constitution or·.b1~laws (2:AZUC,ENA, · . Book v;·Riile_lV, Sec: 10, ~s· amended.by D.O. No: supr1;1 a.(210):
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All r:eguisit.e· docl:(nie.f.lis.. and. pape~s shall ~ under : . :·Effect~· ~f M~r~--~·~·and:Con§.Q.lld.atl~n:ofE~p-loyer oath . by . the secreta~y or the. treasurer . of :tM · . .., 'Wihiy (?.6ctri~e .str;1tes .tha(a duty to arbitrate a·risiilg organiz.atron, as the·case.!'T)aybe,"'al'.)d at~ested to-by.' · · '.from a c.ollective bargainlrig agr,ee_m1;mt.survivl:ls the its presi9ent. (/RR .of the L/',~ 0R· C_ODf?,,~ok V, ·: · · . ., ~mploye~ ~eal>i!'lQ. to .d~: busin~s.s a·s· ·~ ~epar~te ... Rule JV, Sec. 1; a;s amended by D.O.No. 40-03).:. . . entity after. its merger. with·, .a. sub~t~nt1ally. large · · · ·. · corp.oration.. so as. 'to . b&: bln.~in.9 ori the larger · Effect of Revocation of Charter Certificate. corporation, where·relev~nt sir'nil.a.rity ai:id .continuity.Tt:le. rEivocatio~ shall'.divest the local 'chapter of·its • pf open!itions across. the· change in oymership is legal .perl,ionality upon receipt of the· r,oti'ce by the · evidenced l3y . the wholesale ·.transfer of smaller BLR unless. in the meantime-the local/ciiap.ter. has :corpqratitm's emplqyees to.itie larger:~orpor.ation's act1uired independen_t registration· in accorda'nc~ pl.int. (2 AZUCENA, supia·a(.533j, · 0
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BAR. OPERATIONS. .
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Requirements for AppeaJ . 1; The memorandum of appeal· shall _be filed with ·the Regional Office or Bureau that issued the · denial ·or· return of riotice; and · 2.. It sh.all be accompanied by the complete records ·· tiie application for registration . (/RR of. the . "LAB.OR CODE, Boo/5· v, Rule ·IV, ·sec. 7, · as -. ·. amended pyD.o.-40-.:03f. ··:
:xceptions: 1. ll does not .survive where· there is lack of -substantlal continuity. of identity in tti~ business .. enterprise before and 'after the change; 2. · Where the union abandons its: rig!'lt to arbitration · b.y failing-. to. make . its· - claims. known (2 AZUCENA supra at 531)- ·. ... ARTICLE 242: ACTiON ON APPLICA"TION ..: The· Bureau. ·shalt' act · oh . all appllcatlons for registr~fion within .30 days from filil')g. · · . ·'
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Mod~.s of,Appeal. . 1. Regional Office · . . __ a, , ihe Regfona} .Office . shalt "transmit the . · . All -requisite d~cume.nt shail be .certifled under oath . · records , within. 24 hours frorri" ·· receipt" . of · . ) -. by the secretary-or the treasurer of the orqanlzatlon, · · · Memq ofcf,pp,·eai;_ · ' ' . · . · W ·as_ the case'jnay be, and a~~$_ted to ·b~ t~e president b. Th!3 Bureau shall render ·a.-decision within.20 it _(LABO~ CODE, Art_,_24~). . . ·· .- . . ·: p.ays from receipt ·of records (/RR of the-.· LA.SOR· CODE,. Book v~ Rule IV, :sec. · 7); ARTICLE 243:- DENJAL .·oF · ~EGISTRATI.ON; . . and . . . . . APPl;AL · . · : c .. ·. The . decision of the ·. Bureau ·may 'be': ., · Ttu:fdeclslorr _Qt_ th_e_ Regional-.d~ce __ or the Bureau ·/~) ·. .: . contestedbetore the Court of -Appeals via · •· ~e.r:iying .t_H_e·applicatlon for.·registratio~ shall b~: f~J~.f~ ·. Pe.titi_o~ for Ce~iorari unc;ler Rule. 6.5 of tlie . · 1. ·. ln.wpting; · . · . ·. . · . /.. f.( .•,\ ., Rules of Court ·(f.bbott 'Leboretories PH., ii. _1· Sta~i~g _in clear terms · ttie . reason for Inc~ ~· Abbott. Lab·oratories. Empioyees . ; decision: and . · _ . · . ),- i',:. ,,,,__,_7.,... .. Un!P.'JiG.R. No_. 1.?1374,_ January 2q, 2900). . ~,.,· ~.- .-ApP,li~~t 1,tnion must beJurnish_ed a c9p_Y:,S>}i'sa.i.gf}!;;~z....t~t1rea,~-~$Labor Relations: . ·· .. _· , [': , - ~ec1s1on· (/RR of .th_e LAB_OR.CQD}~,{fJookV,; H a?""--"F.tie·~~r~auy~_allt~?nsm_,t the._reco_rd~within" . Rule IV. Sec. 6, as clmehded by D.,O;,:No. 40-03),..A.._.Ii 24· ?Jfoi;.s from receipt of Mem.oof f,.ppeal: · ,~--. . · : . · '. . .' · .\'\.,;.f · . h. Thf !tecretary ·of. ·Labor sh.all render a lit · Appeal. · · ·: · . · . I}'·-:-..:?'. ~ : d~cistpn\w_iihif!·.20 · days from receipt- of . ~ ·· · 1 ... C~se.sfr()~ ~he·Regforial.8Jf:fi:{ · '.i.;,t~· · __ !>\ · ' r/c.orfils{lflR:oftheLABOR COD_E!_Book V, · The dec1slqns of· the Regi,6rir!,Qffi9~.,_ shaJI I?~ ?f }1:1le [lV, ~q. 7,.. as amended. by_D_.0: No. fi_-.: apr:iealable ·to the 1;3:LR (IRR.:~Une:'irAJ3.Plj?-)C'o~E,,... _ . · l~~-1 . '-if f; Book V, Rufe IV, se·c. -7, .cis ~Wit'!deg::lc?.]1,.P,-0.-Jil~,j c. · 'The!sl.si.c1s1ono! the Secretai:y of Labor m~yi} 40703). · ,-. ·_, · . . ~...~-~"-:\ ·: . // . be contested _before the Court of-Appeals ~a J!l .. ·· · ·. · . . · .. · -~ . :,?,... Petition for Certiorari uh.der Rule 65 of the The .decisions o_f the BLR on cases a~l:?~clied.from ..,),,-.~~.,::,t}mn.Rules.-of Court (Abbott Laboratorie~_PH., r~'- - Regio~al Dire~tor (appe(late·juri~dictfo/j)'are.{fii}ill:;:...;,!.,:;:..;.~~LA..i-if.i'e!. v.. Abbqtt .Labcirarori(!s . Employees .1_:1nd _no( appealable to_ tr,e' Secret_a'!X_.Pf ftJ.f>or. . Unfon,_.G.R .. No. 13.137_4, Janqary26, ·2(!.00). ~- . :(Taka.r~:P.f:IL.:Corp.-v. /3LR, G.R. No.: 19~!'!..:., '!nfr .. _. :-· ·. . . . . . . ,: . . ... ~· 4,-2014). _. . · · · ··. · · · · · · · ·. Registration of Federat1011s, Nationa.1 .!J_n_tons or~-~-~-'. . ' ·' .· · . . .·· -Workers Ass9ciations Operatihg_.in: More' than
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G~ourid~ : .· :· . . . . .. ' . . . :. . . . ·, . Secretar:y of La_.__b_·o; (If BLFfdi~ector denies)_:_:.: Any·appli~nt un1oil'may appeal V"1itl1.i,n·1·0 caiendar: .. d1aysG·frqm:rE(bce_ipt offds.uch.dt .•~cisiondoJ:i·g'"?unds.~f: .... _ · .. ·:. -, ... ~-. •. · .rave a ·us~·o ,sere ion; an.· : . . . . -: . · . . .... , . . . . .. . ... · • . · ~-- Violatic;>ns of" ttie I RR ·of the L.atior ·cod~ (/RR of . · · , . · · pec1s10~ of Sf:
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The· decisions of-the BLR-in the·exercise··of his/her. · ·origiha1 .-juriscJi'ctiof!· · may be· appea1ea>10 ttre ·. . :secretary of ·l;~bQr· (Abbp( Laboratories_P.HL .V.· . Abb:9t- Laboratories ··employ~es·. Union, · G.R. No, 13-13.(4;-Ja'r:µ~ry26, 200_9).: ·. ..
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Registration of . Independent -; L,at>or Unions,. C_hartered Locals, Work~rs' Associations. Flied with.th~ Reqlonal ·officeRegio'nal office where union pffncipally operates · (Proceasedby Labor Relations Division) . . . ·. . . . . f''t
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'(ARTICLE 248: VOLUNTAR'(.CA_NCELLATlON OF · R.EG!STRATION . _· '. . . ·· ,. The registration ot a. legjtim~te lal;lo~ organization :·. may he cal)c~lled by the organization · itself; : provided: . · · . ..,. : .1 .. A~ least 2/3 .of its general.- membership vot?s via .:ii s'ecret balloting, in ·a r'neeting.duly"ca]le_d for.that }~-. purpose to'dissolve the organization; al')d .... .. 2: . An application to cancel regisfration:is thereafter s4bmittea by 'the board· of·the orga"nization, ·attested -to· by. the· presiderif thereof (LABOR CODE, Art. 248); ··.
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:·.· Note: H~ving •held:, an illegal .strike is. not:.~~ason to .cancel a.union's reqlstratlon, Holding arr fllegal strike i'· '. has adverse . consequences .. to· . the strikers particularly the officers, · 'but -cancellatlon of. their· '!f: union registration is notone of those 'consequences
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_eol_itical rigJ;it - the right to vote and be voted for, ·subject to lawful provisions on qualifi<::alions . and disqualifications (2: AZUCENA supra at 225) ..
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Note: Any violation of the above rights and · . conditions of -membership shall be ,a. ground tor cancella"tion of unio"n .registration or expulsion of. an offic~r from office; whichev~r·is'appropr:iat~ (LABOR · GODE, Art. 250).
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3Q% requlrement.when required; At least'3.0% of .all the· members .of the union 'or any. member- or . members specifically concerned. may report· such violation. to the Bureau (LABQ_R CODE; Art. 250). · . , . . . .. , ... : When 30% Is not· required: When· the violation .directly affectsonly 1 or 2 members, thenonlyt gr 2members would be.enouqh to report such violation (Verce/es v. B!,..R-DOLE, G.R. No. ·152~22, February
ARTICLE-249: EQUITY OF THE:·INCUMBEN-f· .,,./:)/( :15, 2005). . . ~IJ existing. federations and national" unions ·weficfy_'.{/'\ . ·. . . . .. . . . meet: ..th?·. qualifications ·. of. _a legitimate : lat:;,9f ,,0 .~'. '\ Note: In tl)e DOLE $ecretar-y'sor his duly authorized orqanlzation and none _p.f the. ·grounds ·\to,'(, . , :.,:LreP..r.~senta~iy~·s visitoda1 power. to inquire into the -cancenatton shall continue to maintain _their.~{j_$tJf1~-:;/r1r:1~Jio~m;,!~h·f!~N~ties-of any _labor org~nization. the affiliates ~egar.dtess of ~~-~at~re CJf tlie \~dt,i~try_and;Jfj r' com.pl.ain~·-mtstbe ~uppo~ed by 20% of the- labor. . the ~~c~t,on ~f th.e c!ff1hates ·(LABCJf3::{:JCj_,DE'.,,41!(-J-:.:!\ _ organrzat1o?Jil,,1reml;>ersh1p_ (/.,ABOR· C~DE,',·Art. 249r . ~ . h_.~..,1-,. _. .- _ .• ,.~.,. . ff ,, t, - . . . . . . ·. .. -~ ... .,.,,.· . ..:-.;;,.#' 1i i 289J. ·• ''Rt\
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Gener~i q_r9~pings·. ~f _the· Ri~ht:·~tJ~,6ni~h:. ,t;~_::Nf)t~:hiblt~d · from· Be com {~g :.1~ws; ·. ·. :. · ,. . . . · b; The colle.ctive bargijining agreemerit, . and -!Vlembers of a L,_a'-1or Organization . - . : .. · labor laws. ..· : ·· . ' · · 1.. Noh-employees; and. . . . 3. _. ~ights .Over -M·o~~y M~tter's-·the righ!s of the 2. Subversives those· engaged directly or . ·members>·.···· . ·. : · ·· ~ .· _· : : · · · fndirectly .iil .. ariy subversiv~ . ac;:tjvity ·(~ABOR · a., Against imposition excessive fees; · . QODE; Art. 250(e)}: . b. Against : . unautl'lorized · . Collection . of · . ponttibu_tions" . or .. ·.' utiautf:ioiized PE!rso_n.s· who ~re Prohibited-from -Being: ·union . · · clisl:iursem1ints; . . . . . Officers or from b¢i_ng app·ointed_to _any position · in a Union . · · ··Tb riquire: adequat~. records _of. income and . "exp¢ns;es; . . . . . ~ . . ' . . . : .: Persons who-· have been 'convicted of. crime involving o,oral turpitude. (LA.fJOR CODE,. :Art. ·•..d: To access financial recorqs; · 250(()).· . . e. ~ote 011..officers' compensation; . ( .To vote 6n special as~essment;:ar,1d··. 1 g ... Tb_ b!;l deducted a. spe_
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Limitations or'I Membership in Labor. Organizations . · . ·1 : . The . . labor· · organization . . cannot c;ornpel employees to ·b_ecome. members of ·their ·labor· organizaUon i_f they are already mer:nbers of arival-union (tABOR CODE,_ Art.. 259(e)); . · 2. · The persons mentioned··in Art 250(e) of the ·.Labor Code · are pro.hibited fr.om becoming a . m~rnbe:r ofa labor organization; and .. . 3.. The membe~s of a religious _organization wh'ich fqrbids' membership in"~labor organization could not . be_· compelled .into·. union m~mbership (Viotoriano',.v:Elizalae Rppe. Worker·~ Un.fon, GR. No. C25246,_ September 12, .. 1_97 4).
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The authori:z:.ation . should specifically state the: (BAP)·. . . 1. -.§.eneficiary of the deduction;. 2, · Amount; and , 3-... f urpose (LABQ_R. CODE, Art. 250(0))
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. . For Mandatory activities provided under the CQd~ . . . . Check-off for union service -fees. 8uthoriied . bi law (Redio Communicstion»'ot the .PHL, Inc. v, Sec. of Leber, G.R. Np. 77959, ·January 9;
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3.. W!ieri 'Non.-men:iber-s of the. union 'avail of tne . · · . . benefits of the CB.A.: : . . . • Wh~ are .Entitle<J to Vote~ . . . . a. _ Said non-members f.flay be assessed union. "Only members ofthe·u.riion have t.be_eH~i.bility to take dues equivalent.to that pald.by members: . part in the.electlcn.of ~niqn officers. Eligibility to vote .. . . ·an_d · · . . .. •· may be determined throu'gh the use (>f the ·applic~.RJ.§l."'"'"'~·=,..,."~-I;);. · Only · by a board resolution approved· b.y _payroll . period. and the status of. the ern,13J0yees y 1 -~. .:·'.""~»!1'.!ajority of the members in . a . general during the applicabl_e period. -This. p~fri',s fu,·the · -)i~ m~-eS!rig called for the. purpose; and·· . p·ayrQJI of· the month next prec~jin('"fne J)~~9.f:=,;;.~==l~GJ11;?dk-9f0~.[.- union service fees Aut_horized by. dispute •. iri_ case· "of regular en:i,r~y~eS)>1!,~EFt~e ··-,raV4/R'agijl-.P~mmunication$ pf'thePHL;Jnc. V.. payroll period at "". near the Pff.c:l<"0.{..,~Jjer;:;iJ,19ri·;°'."1n=~~-,."'-$,~_c:~~f-(_~ab~f\G. R. -No. 77959, Janua!Y- 9, case. of employ~es li:1· season~l~$1uswes yranClf./-!ti '\W 198f),'\~'.~1,'.J \ . . : . . · v: -Ferrer-Cal~e;a, G.R.- No._; 781'311p- Janfary 2.i!i, .ffJI'). g~ .. :i- . ·\ 1988):· · · · k, a · ').~ Note:·. ll,he in~wi4'u)iq1.-written . authorization duly · · :; I';? ;/ . . u~---."s1gn~a5t the e~'pi~ee).is 'an additional- requirement A labor o~ganization. may _cpn"ditiG:i~the ei~rcise.'[of~ ~®avyqi.spe.ci~) ~s{~~'sments:·orextraordinary fe_.es the right to vote on the payu,_ent,,GfJdues, ~bject~w:~"n-:ri;:.:;.ihlord~~f'that a· ~peeia:t!~~sessment may. be validly 2 QU...*"./·g~ili!;Jlan intta_:uniol)J~C!nflict,BLRand· R,_D 0f:DOl.,E · 1i r-·~~~v,~o!J,e"Or"JentjLip'sdictJon over- check-off_disputes : C~eck-Qtf is· a n:i.eth'oc;I .of de!'.l_.uctir.i~fr0 ~-.J,f2~i:JtfEo/A,,supra at 241-2.42): · . . ·· ern1tloye~;s pay at prescribed. peri~th.e_ :ls:<-~==--="'_:'':rt;\j'I,-:,/?· · · . : :. . . · ·· . d_ue· to the. union for fees, fin_es. or.. as~e'&.~'!1 · ...._ .J?['~fgutr~~,etifs for· Levy ·of Spe~ial Assessm_ents Al-UCENA supr.;i -at 266). . '. · *'i,,,~ · . 1.. I_;!.._. OES~(.tr-a·ordinaryfees: (RAGS) . : . < . . · .·.·===-=-cf'.··· There must""be a Written-R'esblcrtion· .: :Nature··and' Purpose of Ch~c..k-Off. . ·2. · Th!;nesolutlon ~~sf have ;been. ~plc)rovei.b~ a Union due.s__ are _the ltfeblood of the _unio~ ".-II unions ·:majority.of al~ the member!?; . .. ar~. authorized·- to. col.l~ct reasonable . membership 3. · The approval ·must be Jlta:§eneral:ri,er'nbershi"p fees, Lin1oi:t dues, as~essrnents:and:fjnes and oU,er . ."meeting.:duly"palleq.for that purpose;_and . · •. : · coritritiU.tions ·for lc1bor edllcatioo ·-and· researc~. . 4.. Ihe Secretary. of the organization shall record· · mut1,1al" death·_ arid · 6ospltalizatjon· .benefits, _.welfare : the. "minutes•. o(· the meeting, whic.h' "sfrall., be fl.ind, strike fund.·. and, credit ·and . coop·erative .. atteste~ to by the Presid"en( .Tlie ·minutes ··ur)dettakings-(LABOf{.CODE, Art. 250): · · 'include:·· · · · · ·· . . · :._ · a: The.list pf. all rnembers pres13nt; Requirements with ~egard to Check•Offs ··. b: The. votes ·cast;,and· ·.: ·· : .. . ~ener~I. R~I~; No special" assessment, attorney's c. The purpOse· of the ·assessment or_. fees. ·· fees,· -regrstration fees. or al')y ·other ·extraordinary (LABOR CODE; Art_. 250{n)); . · · , . · fe~s· may be C~ecked ..off ~frOm ani amoUnt d~e an : · ~ · '· · · · · · employee withc;n:it an. individual" ~ritten authorization. Subst~nti_ai CQmpliance .. wlP, · u,.e _aforementio~ed duly signed by, the employee (LABOR J;ODE, Art, procedure- is notenough; t~e-requir_eme.nts must be, 250(0)). · · . · · ~ . . . ·. , strictly cqrr,pfied with (Palacol.v,Ferrer-Calleja,G:R . . ,. ' · No. "85333, February26i 1990}°. · ·
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Union- Dues are the regular monthly contributions paid by the members to the· unlon In exchange for the benents ·given to them .bY. the <;::SA and to finance the 'acttvttles of. the union in representing them (2 _AZUG_ENA; supreet 237). . . Agency Fees .are dues .equivalent to union dues, charged from- the· · non-union members · who or _ ben~fited byorunder the CBA (2 AZUCENA,·supra · at 241). ·
· . When the union bids to be the bargaining agent, it . voluntarily . . assumes.. the-: responsibility of · rspresentlnq a_ll employees in· the· appropriate . bargaining unit (Natiorial · -Brewery. end Allied Industries La/for Union of the PHL · v. 'San Miguel Br(Jwery Worker's AssocifJtion, ·G:R. No.. L~18170," August31, _ 1~63). · · . . . . .. . "CHAPTER Ill: RiGHTS OF LEGITIMATE LABOR ORG-ANIZATION~. . . ·-
... Requisites for. th_e Imposition of Agen·cy- Fees:_ -· ·ARTJ(r~E;- . ~51_: Rl~HT.S: ,c;>F ·"A LEG.ITIMATE : . ·: (PN!3)· ·. . . . . . .. · . . LAe·oR·ORGAf,UZATION:(Rl:FO_-Sl;!E) . ·: . '.· 1 .. The employee'is f_art of the bargaining unit; 1.- .· gepr~s.ent · union . mernbers fo(- .: collective" t° 2. He- is ·t!,qt a member-of the unionj.and .. · _. ·bargainfng'; · · - ·· · :· · · 3 .. He partook of the aenefits of the CBA (/..ABOR 2. ·:Certified. ·c;1s' !;xclusive. representative of all , T"" ·COQE; Art.-259(e). _· · · · 'employees: . .· · · . . . . . . 3. ". Evrnished by . employers: of audited financial- _ Note: No requirement of written auth6rizatio.n from · • . · · statements: .· . · · . · · :'the non-union employees is needed to effect a valid ./P· 4.- bwn properties; · - . : . _ · . . check · off. Written- authorization is inapplicable~~t( 9·. · .§ue and ~e sued in its registered name; nori-urqon members, .especially in this ·case.-wt;{~te;/.;_.; \ 6.·. lJ.ndertake· a-ctivit!e~ for the benefit of -the · · the non-union employees receive several pen~fitf\~''.;.;-:, . organization and its members: _and· . . .. under the CB.A; (Del Pilar Aceaemy v: Del .':'.4~r;;,.-._:,,_i,-~-y.-f~:<empA~~-from taxes (0BOR·C(?f.?E;A~:251). 'I' .Employees, G.R No. 1101'12, AP.r:i/;3~ ··/1''~1r..f°!.-"-t.c"'':J;,·~' .~1,1 . · : . . · ff Apademy 2008).· : · .. . · _ · ARTIC1:EL25.2\REF>ORTORIAL RE9UIREMENTS. Reportortal ;t~quirementi_, to be submitted to · the unton, Dues v : Ag~ncy·F1;~(;:_J..: : : ,//... Bu.rea~ by_j}'\~1ll¥~iti"1ate labor_organization:_(CQMA) _ ""ilt~iii1~fil · · · ,..,; . . r·1;f Consitu_tr.~n·,\and . by-laws, ._or, amendments 'ii' .4*' 1... -,,... ~,. "h • ~ _:-l; ··there,__o·, :_i:rinu\~s of. ratific;:itior:i, and· the· list- of _ m~jp~~r~';_Vhc_>j_QO~ part in J~e _ratificat!O~ of .the . .· · - .. -· '"-,( ·, . - . ,d -·~.-.,: ;· . i~ · - · CQ..r:t~1lJlJ~rn~,ar;ip:;!!>y-lawsWJtti1n :_30. days _from M,embers q~ ·a .union _for Non-n;i,~!11~-e~;.;;[l . tf-i'~, : .. 9:dopt10:E:qill:ati_ficationoUhe constituti9n and by.the paYJ:!ent · of union .barga1r.11n9:~_gent, Gurnori} · .,_ laws or amend me Ats th~reto;·~ · . · . Is; ~ti.es·~' ·. : . , '. . "for th~ ~Flj.ox,rfentofth_~_' 't~J;,_.._List of _Qffic~rs, r'ninvtes ~t :_!he election. of ._ ·. · . ··· b~nef1ts und~r.JJ],e~CBA: and hst of vo_ters within 30 days !ro~
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. :·.. Note; Failur:e fo compiy With the above-mentioned . · . -requirero~nts shail ri-ot· be -a· ground. for canceHation ['-· (LABOR QODI=, Art. "240(0)). · o( l;inion re_glstration. l:iut shail subje~t. tl;le -erring 1 office"rs or .mell'ibers to. suspension: expulsion. from ~.-, Npte: Agef\cY,fe~ ¢~Rnot be)tnposed.on e~ployees. - · :- .,mein_bersbip,. or·· ·ariy ~ppropriate · l?enalty ·-(LABQR already_.in. ttie _service an~ are ):nember.~.of another _._ . COQE, Art. 252j. .· : . . . . r--. union:"lf a clos_ep:shop agreement c;;ai:inof be"-applied . . to them_; neither:m~ry c3n· agency.fee. as a_ lesser form 1:ITLE:FIVE:· COVERAGE . . . ;· :.:· . of union security, 6e· i_mposed ·ari-·th~rri, Paymer:it by· f no_n--iunionmembers ·9ti1gency fee~-does not arpount ART°iCLE 253·: COVE.RAGE AND .EMP.LOYEES!· K~ . to' an u_njLtst ~nrichment _-basically" bec?use._ ·tt:ie RIGHT TO $ELF·ORGANIZATiON . ' ·. f:: · pur-po_se of . such . dues is· to avoid discrimination .· ... B.(te"rit of-the- R!ght to·S~lf-Orga_niza~ion . . f · -between--union arid non-union members (National · · 1. -To form-,join and as·slst labor c>rganizations for Br:~wery an·d A!lfecrhJpustries Labor. -Union "of the the . purpose collective bargaining· through ~ PHL v. San Miguel Brewery, 1nc., G.R. No. L-18170, repr~s~ntatives of.their own_ choosing; and . . 0 A·ugust 3_1,_ 19tj"3). · · · 2. To :enga.ge iri lawful ·conce-rted a·ctivities -for the . same. purpose or for.- their mutual_; aid- ~nd :?~ protection ,(LABOR COD.E,Art. 257). t, j,: ..
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· 5.. !:!Jgh-lev.el· or managerial · government employees (E.O: N~. 180, Sec." 3); . .6. Aflens without valid worRing· permits: or _Aliens with valid working permits but are nationals of a. . country which do not-allow, Filipinos -to· exercise · _. . the right of self-organization and to join· or assist ··.l_abor organizations. (LABOR CODE, Art.· 2?4) 7. !".fon-Eri:lployees (Roswio .Bras.;', tnc. v. ·_Opie, Rlght : to J°oin . ·starts . from · J=lrst . Day of. Employmen~ . · · · /. ' ·· . ·. ·G.R No. L-53590; July 31, t984); 8. Q.overnment. employees, . . including · those Any employee; Whether employed for a. ·definite employed in 'government-owned and controlled· · period or not,· shall; beginning on the -1•1 day of corporations with Origin:1'!1:_cliarter· (Ariz.ala v.. CA, his/her- service, be. eligible- for.'ftiel!)bership In any . G,R Nos, 43533;34, S_eptember t-4, 1~99);. · labor orga_nizali0n (LABC/RCODE,·_Art, 292(c)).·· · · · 9.'. gmployees ..ef cooperatlves who are at the same Empl~ye.es _Eligibi.e fo J.oin·a Organization . ··. time its members ((Jenguet Electric c·oopllrative for·:purpose°s··of ·Colle_cttve Bargafr1h1g; (CIA- . Inc. v .. Ferrer-Celleje, .G.'fr. ·'No .. -79025; .' G()CC-.CREM) .· . . · ·.. . , · December29, 198~)- However,they rnayform a 1, All- persons --~11'.lP,oyed.in."Qomm~erci_al,'!ndustrial . 'worker's associatlon iNuev« E_cija l Electrk: c;1nd .~gricultura~ '(Cl.A} . 'enterprises.: includ!JJ~-==~-.,_-,;_ . cooperettv» lnc., _Employ~es_'Assoc.· v. · NLRC; employe_es of Gov.errrm.~r:it-owne,~ __ o~·W.Jl:~PH~ Ti · f;:"'.;;G:~/i/6.: f?"?066;-January~4,.2_000}; a~d ~ .. corpo~at,on (GOCC) w1t'10Ut··~m~J!l;1·:c~~ers l~/§Jdl?VfFS~~~ or tho~e. d1re?t!Y.. or: m~1r,e_ctly . . established under the _Corporat1gn' ~,ecie._:j~it,~="---==~,; ~l'lig~fjesi,~(l- subversive acbv1$1es_. (LAB.OR . 2 .. In Qharitable, ]~elig.i_ous, g~uiati0Q_al~9r~filealcal. · · ·. "'"''..6Q_f1E(Arj..·_\~~O(e)}. . · _ · ·_. · · · · · . :(C~EM) _institotions. whethe.lJ_op~v~Jit;9'5f1r;,.pFofi~t-=~.:._ . . or·not_ (LABOR CO_D£,Art,r~§J_J) ·mi 'y -~pTIC~.I;: 2~4,;A_!.!J~~-T OF· EIVJPLOYE~ IN THE· · · ·. · .. 1 . · . ' • ~ • Jr l~ ,BUBLlqSE YJeE,1. : . • · ·. - . . . ~ ~ ~ • ' t'f \\ ·.f>ers_o'ns/Empfoyees.EJigilll~ to·,Ptr\ _ _.,.Labor. r~\.=.-_· ·. ,,. 11 ,\.',. ·.. · • · · · ·.: • . Organization· for .. N!u~ual ffAl'g;;.0a,pd . Prflecffoo.:'"1mr. · ,,;,;;.. l:~ ..(AIR-VVISe} · ·. . : 111;~4 U .. · ~ a, . 1 .. : Ambulai:it-(.Walking or fi
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Terms and ·. Cot:iditions ·. of Employm'ei-it in Government S1:rvi.ces . . . . General Rule: The . terms and .conditions of . employment" or ·improvements thereof may ·be the subject of negotiations . between duly recogniied employees' org;mizations. and appropri'ate governme_nt autborities.(E.O. Nb._ 180, Sec. 1.3):
tertns and conditions ·of employment· which are not fix,ed by: law, Thus, they . have·· · limited barg~ining rights._. ' ~ii'. •
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Eiception: Those_. .. terms ,ano conditions of .. employment· ~hat" are. fixed by la,w :(E.O. No. 180,
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ohly fqrm: jc>in or. Can form, .join, ·O·~ assist assist ; - . . ·lab<>r labor- organization .· for cifganization . , ~cir purposes of: CBA, etc. puqSJ9ses ·not.contrary law. · · · · . . ·. (2 AZIJCENA, supra ·at 25~:264)..
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. Negotiable Terms . and Conditions· of·· Emp.loyn:ierit"incoecs with driglna°l."Charter:. ~: 1. · schedule of vacation and other ·,e~ves· ... · . 2 .. · Personh.e(growth and d~velop;,,ent; . ' . . Fo~r!'"Jng,. · 'Jo.ini~g, -~r ··Assisting Employee's 3. Communication system> intemai (lateral and }_._;,···_:·organization. . . vertical), external; ; . .. . . , Gener.al.Ru.le: All government employees can form, .: 4.· · Work a~signment/r,eassi_gnment/d~tailitransfer; join or assist employees' orqanlzatioris oftheir own.-,:,:;') 5.- Distributlon of work load; . . · , · chooslnq for._the furtherance and. protection· of .ft;reir· L .. 6.. · Provlslon.for protection and safety; · .... { intere~ts._ They ca~ .alsi;,·_.forrn 1_.abor-.mar:iag~rr~.~({(.;;:} 7 .: · Provi~io!' .· for facilities for:' .handicapped ?-' · cornmlttoos. work oounctls. and ·0th.er .forms.;.1qL•.-:.~-,,••): .personnel; . · {i,-. W~rkefS'jiartlclpatlon schemes to .achleve the )~,I~~~~:~e.tovi~iOJ-;l'.\for -flrst aid, medical .services and . obJecttvesJEO. No .. 180;_ Sec.1). · . · .>;-"'. ',\::_;t)•;t:.!..:.!~~pp>h~~;.-~ ·· ·. · . · · ·. ·/ . . . . . . .. I_/;>< · 9.. pnys;lca(fltnes&program; . .• : E~ce~tions: -· . . . ·· .. 1: 10. Prov!~.iq/{~%,o_r fami.ly ·p.lannh:ig services .for .1. High-level· employees · whose. fi;ftl'ctibns ,;at€! ~\ · marned'v!,lomen; · · '. · . , \1orni.a!IY.. c,om;:idere-<;I . as. _<>r·... 1 f ·Annu»1(.~jidit~l/ph~.ical·exam_iriatiori.: maF)~gen:al.pr whose du,.\:sis,,ar~,pf-t a ~fiighly'\ 12. ~ecy~a~9'1Jat,\_s~~1~l, , athletic , and_ · ·_ctilturaf confidentlal r1ature._(E.O. W,t1i_t;1[!_Q!;~e,~.3); q{id.! .· ' ~~t _:a~~J~~-"l~°!:1~J:q:~f.!!'es;.. . .· , .. · · .. ·. .. , '. 2. · ME:l'.:'b~rs. · :<;>f th~·-. Arme9 · Fo~9~~,r;of~1~:':-- ;i :;;J 13. CN:4;1~~~tHl~!'l:'}1ursuantto -~SLMC-:Resolution . P}.uhppm~s. 1_n~l_1;J.dm_g poliq,fo!Ji.S~:~:;A.91t~etu'an}:: l··f . N<_>:· 4~s..,.2002 and· Resolution No. 2, s. 200?; firemen _andJa1J..guards (E:O:Np·>-1'80;. S'fic.. 4),l' · ~1'! : ... and, . . ·. ·· . : . ·· · . . .. · · . . · . . . . · , ·:. , · · . ,l " · )~;. f~.,_.,1-4,iSuctrother~ncerns Which are not prohibited by . , N_ote: . ~iriployees of goYemmenr~eofp
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1. : Thein3inployjnent_-shall nq~·pe. s·u.bject to the ~opdit!on.· ~hat· tfteY· shall norJoin · or :stiaiJ' . r~!inq1,1i,sh.tne.ir m_enib~rst\ip jri .th.e employees'· ·orgarii:z:ations(EO. No. '180, Sec.,. 5). · ' : 2 ... <3overn'i:nentaµthdri.ties·shall not Interfere in-the ' esti:Jblishme.nt, f~·ncti_oni_ng or :administr.atiori.·of. : ··goyeninie_nt_·employees'.org;mizatipns··throl!gh : ~ct_s desi_gned_to.pla.ce.suyh p~gan_izat_innsunder :.the control .of government aut_hority':(E:.0: No. ~_;_{_:.. · . 180, ·Sec: 6).. . . . . . 3 .. · Government · ··employees · ·.sha1r. not be . -" Q.iscrirytin~ted . ag·afhst by . i'~ason .. of their f,c, . . _membership in emplciy.ees' organizations or .. par:tic;:ij:)ation in the normal .activities of' their 'organization·(~.O, Ne;>. 180, Se_c. 5). '. '.
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·· ·. 3; ·· !ravel expens.es;·and· . , . 4. · Other benefits·fh_at are. spe9ifically provided oy . ... lav-.t_(IRR ofE.O. No. 180; f?_uleX/1,Seci~),: . · · . ·In sum. gov.emrnentEfmploye~s.covere·<;iby No. 180 may, organize,. even unionize;· ·and negotiate eniploxm~nt conditions' riot !fixed ·p.y law bu~ .·they. . _.can~o\ strike (2 A_Z.UCE_NA, supra- at 264). . · .·. EMP!,..OYEES' OF REGISTRATION. . ORGANIZATION .. . .I
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y\jhe"r~·to Regi.ster. Go\lernmeot·e_mployees'.o~ganizatfons shall· register. with: · .· .· · · · · · 1.. The, c;ivil Sei:vice Comn)ission; an_d·· .. ·.2. ·DOLE . .
2~19 SAN !3EDA LAW ci:=NtRAUZE;DE}AR OPERATIONS I 99
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·ARTICl,..E;255: ~NELIGl~ILITY OF,MANAGERI.AL. EMt:>L.OY~ES· .. TQ . - JOIN .. ANY'. LABOR ) ORGA~IZATION;.~RIG.HT ·.OF·_: SUPERVISORY. . . EMPLOYEES·. . . .. . - · - . 1. .: Manageri~I Employees.:· a·re: . those 'who . are.· .. vested with powei'$.O(prerpgatiVeSto.lay 'dowA and. execute management policies -and/or. to.. . . hire, transfer,suspend, lay-off, recall, discharge; assign or. disclpline employees (L:A80k ·CODE, .' . Art .. ~19(in)).
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CENfRAuzio BAR OPERATIONS - MEMORY A10.-:1.019 MM PiiiffMdWWPMWW ipN ROPMa+SiiktWW fflt#Z,~/./J,:~·l.'1"J~; ·-30 ~·:. .. . . By the very.·natlire of their functions.ithey ,,r··.Typ~s of ManaQerial Employee!;>:.. . . ·· a. First-Line '. Managers (often celled a. Assist and act in a confidential capacity; and . . supervisors) - direct the operation of b. Formulate, . determine,· and effectuate employees.only and donot supervise other m_anagement policies in the ~eld of labor . managers· . (e.g.'· toremen. production relatlons.. . · · The 2 criteria. are· cumulative, and both rnust be supervisorin a mamffacturing plant);.· b'. Middle Managers - direct the activities of met ·if an employee is· to be considered a confidential employee - that is, tlie confidential · other ·. managers .. · aric;l .. ·· _-also . 9p~rating relationship must exlst between · the ·e.mployee. . . employees ·(~.g. _ plant manager m.. an electronfc firm); and .- · . · · • . and· his supervisor, arid the· supervisor 'must .. · handle the prescribed responsibilities relating {o · c. Top: Manag_~rs .: Responsible for the over. 1al) rnanaoement.ottne orqanizatten (e.g .. labor reiations. As such, the rationale behindthe- . .. · ·CEO, president,.SVF').· · · ineligibility· managerial .ernployees.. to form, '.: . •' .. asslst or jo_in a iabcr union equ~IJY' applies to · · · 'Amonq tha 3 tY.pes, only the 1 st-!j_ne nia,nagers them (San Miguel Corp. v. Laguesma, G.R. No. · ·.11_0399, August -15, -1997). . . . . ·. · :.9r. supervisors 2an [oin, assist or_ form ,U.n_ion (2 · . ff~{!CENA,.supra at?6~-270). · "; · . Under.the Doctrtne of Necessary Implication, 2. · supervi~ory en{p1oyee·s'a(e.-thase"'-,;,ho.in the. what is implied in .a ·?tatute- is ,is much a part x- · ·· interest of the 'employer, _effeCti'.'.ely r~c'6m'mer:id,>;':i .. · thereof·· as · that wlik:h . is expr~sse.d · t!"ius; "· · .. such manageri?I actiol')s if the exercise of s1.teJ,i·.- /;) ·confidentlal'employees an:i'similarly disqualified - · . authority· . . · .,1s . . not·· · · . merely · I ro//.: \ · ' (National Assoc .. of. Trade Unions-Republic· · . 1;1t!nary_or_ c_le_rjcal_in natµ'ie but require_s:the~~sf;:t_::~·;r:'.) .. P!anters _f!ank_ Supe,rvisors ChE!pter _v. 1(?rrf!S! : of independ~nt judgment .(t.ABOFZ <;JODE, 'fJff;.,:'· 0--:"'1-/3_:f:· No..JJ3_4~8,Dec_em~~r?9,·.19_9.1)· _Althqug'h 2_19(f1?)). • · · .. ·-. . • · .., ·// !Ji':J:'i' ...-"1'...:_:;:~lJ.4~!~,~5~ h1TI1ts the 1n.ehs;i1b1l.1ty to Jq1n,_form a~d, . . . . . .· ·:. . . . . ... . ·. >?;;;:'' . . :"' ass1st-:-aJ:i~'. _l~b?r.. orgal')1Zat1on_· to man,ag·en?I ·. Saperv1sory Employees .May F.ormt~s;;lst, Joln,~:,,-q · etnployiE!f~ Jurisprudence has . extended this . a Labo( O.rganiza_.tlon_ ~- : : ., · ·: j'~\/J.::... , ,,. )~·""."'!:'\ prohib~loq .t5>· confid~r:!_tial e~_ployees.. cir )hos·e Sup·el".!1sory:employees. m~_Y form : ~~J~St)~~~1Jo1i;i.!=l. fJ who ~y ~~a~o.n, of their _p_os1t1ons._or. !'latur'~.. qf · .la~ot.,:o!garnzatior'l qn :their ;owlil~..and no.yviUJ:r fh~-0. wor1<jfuretteq~ire_d_t9_ass!st_or-act in a.fid.uc1~ry · 1,.\ rank-and-file ~~ployees· (!-ABJ).~O~!t3r:t·. 255);'. '>! !': ".1 m_!I_O.:l~~!.l?_T;.i:.~~Q~nal e_mp.lo~7es. ;:i~d,. h~nce,. ·.· . ·.· · . · .. -~~V,' :=:..-·'L;.~ ·-~~ ar~~,lift~W1,~e,~·P!:JW ·to· sens1t1ve_ and highly. . Note:·lt.is-the nature of the emplb.yee'~f£JT;1iH9n_saf.itfJ .,-! confideo!J~L\!ecords(Metro/ab .Industries; Inc .. .v. · not ..the, nomenclature or title yiveri;'Jn~ti(s1919-whic.f;{ · · 11,/ Roli:J<'!n:Confesor. G.R. Nb.· 1088~5, February, , _determin~~-. whether' hf:;'. h~~ 'a. :·rtrb_~\ <,1nd/)ile'.'tir. r.:.,1...,.,,.,28;'1996). . ·.. . . . ·. ,•. ·.. . . . . managenal ·staJµ;; (Engme.ef!n.g 'Eqµ1prneati.,.Jnc .. v. ,,_,,,,.,, , ,-·~ · ·. · · . ·· .· . . .. NJ,.RC, G,.R: No. 'L-59221, December i9f1.984),.,;,~:::'~.'"·'.A..;',Ne.t~he phrase "fn the field oflabot re)~tioni;• . . · · .· . : ·:.: · . . .. . . ' ·. • a .,.. me.ntion_ed.-in tM 2nrl . criteria· is ·;~~orta_flt.. I! .. The rank·~md-f1le· union .arid. the _sup~rvilsor~ni~m . . · s!res~s laQor nexus,. 1:e .. · confident1ahty of the ·. ·_opera.t,ng. :Wi.thin tne same establisti'rneiitmay join . . . position is .relatec:J. or. linked fq l~bor 'relalions . . the l,am:Ef federation. or ·fiati~maf ·union. (LABOR. .··:·matters.' :" . . C_ODE; Art.. 255):· ' . . . . · : ... : . Access to information which is -regarded· by the . ·' . employer to . bi3' confidential from. the busines.s'' 3.·. :CQnfidential"Empfoye~s ;assist and 'act l~~a· standpoint, "such as financlal information · :o'r{ . . ·Confidential , · Gapacily; . .'or·. ·have.· acc~SS to .· technical. trade. 'secrets,' wil(:· not render an . ,) · confidential. matte.r's of; pers'ons wh9 .exercise·. k. . . ,'manag'efiaj functions _iii the fielci . of.. laboremployee a confidential employe,e (San, Miguel . Corp. Supervisors. · and Exemptne does not become a. rnanaqer . g· t:". .· ·. NLRC;.G.R. .No. 88957, . . : . June 25; ; 1992).. ... . . . . without. having, gained. 'the 'confid_en~~ of the Cp.nfide~tiaJ : employ~e; :,~re·~ lhos~ -who. by· ·. .. appointinq authority. But not 'every -,c'.Qnfidential employee is ·. manaqerlat, -he·· may . be . .a r1;3ason o( the.ir -position.s .or natur~f of. work are .supervtscry or even a rank-and-file employe~:(2 ::- . require(j to a.ss'ist or act in··~ fi~uciary manner fo__ .. AZUCENA, supra at 28?). . .· · ·· ·· · manageri~I employees aJ)d h'el'.)ce, are .likewise 'privy'to sensitive and:highly confidential· recbrds !f~. ·(Metro/ab · . \ .. i;._ . ln'dqs_tries, Inc: . _v. RoIdan- C . onfesdr, B: G.R. Ng. 108855, Febru_ary 2(J;: 1996)-· ·. . . -SAN BEDA,LAW.
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Eligibility .· of ·Foreigners to . · J_oin· · Labor Orga·ni:za~ion(PrinciJjte .of Reciprocity) Aliens· working in. the country wlt!J .valid permits issued by DO!-E may exercise .the r_ight to self-· .. · organization and join or asslst labor organizations of :TIT.LE. SIX: UNFAIR-LABOR ·. . . . . . PRACTICES ... their ' own . choosing for purposes of collective · bargaining; provided, that -said aliens ii're nationals Cl:tAPTER I_: CONCE;PT. Of a country ,WIJiCh grants.~he same orslmllar rights ·ARTIC.LE 258: · co~CEPT OF · UNFAIR LABO~ to Filipino-workers _(LABOR CODE, Arl. 284). PRACT.ICE AND . :PROC.EDURE- FOR. THE. , ..PROSECUTION THEREOF . . ·ReUgious·Object9rs . . Nature of Unfair Labcfr Practlcea: (12C3U) ·"('he-rfght of the members of the ·Iglesia. ni Kristo sect 1. · Are [nlrnlcal to .the legitimate interests of both · not to [oth a labor .unicn .for being· contrary to their . labor and manaqernent, inclycHng 'their right .to relig[oLj_s-.b~)[efs does not par 'members of that sect" bargain. collectivE;IY., and otherwise ideal. with· · . · from fmmi_ng· their '.own union. ttie recoqnition-of the · each oth~r.. in .an atmosphere of freedom arid ·. tenets orth·at-sect.'should notlnfrlnqe' on the basic: mutual.respect; ·. · · · · · rig_ht to seiforganization grantediby ~h~- Ccins~!ut~on 2. Dlsrupt [ndustrlal peace; . to woTker.s .reqardless . of_ . reliqious , afflhat,<:>n . . 3.: . £riminal"nffe_nses~againstthe State; ., (Kapf.lt1ron· sa Me_at and Can(lmg v. Ferrer-Call~._sl.===---=.=-4.,_,,, __y101ation· 'of .£ivil rights of both labor. and G.R. No -, 82914, June. 20, 1988). . . _,,,::.~ ..,-r · .,,- 'h ernent: · . . .: · . u J l~ l ~ .,,., .· ' . . . · ..- :_. · .. •· : · .... £"a, . ~--. . ~ . .!.5:v -~~late"tl:t,~ £onstitotional.. right of workers and In fa_~t, th~yca_n ~ote:fo~ No-Urnon../A '.3:.fe~-~~i~~=-:=-=--...,,_.. ._~Pb9,Y!31;!.tti self-frganization; anq_ · _ · .· · . _elecble 1.abor-man_agetnent·relations _organi~allon (Reyes v. ~ra1an95/3.ftJ;!J"':~.§_.M88;·--j'.(: - ·"'-(li:4.f.10..~;_c_df:t"i=~Art. ·258) .... ·: , .· · -. .
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J.!.. ,i:,)emeri· s ot~r(fai_rJ}~bo_r"Practice_: ·. · ARJ'ICLE, 2!.'!6:· · EFFECT /qi:: IN,CLUSJ~~ AS . .1.fif ~l~...SP:!.B b'}:'er-~~Rtbie&relationship betwee'n the ... MEJVIB~_RS OF. EMPL01E:_,,~~p·g)UTSlt_E T~'L_ T~[;·. . . offerJ'.der~n~ t!¥L~ff~nded;an~· . ·. .. ·BA~~AIN_l~G-UNJT_. · . }{ ,..-~ \1;~. /.' 111 ~~ct~one 1sjxpr~~S\¥ defiried m the c_ode.as an ·. The. 111clu~19n .a~ -.~mon. ·rv-~2Re~S'·of,- e"1ploy~~~m'.:m:U2:y{~ ac~,!:l unfair ;il:'rQ.np1actice(2 AZ_UCENA, ·supra. · 01Jt$1qe the:.b.ar~ainmg urn.t ~\1:i~Jl-',~oib~~~~j~~--,.,,.-Q[.2',Q,, : ,.- . ·. ..11 ~ • • • ' •• ••• • •• . _the c_anc;;~)Ja~1?n of thE} r!g1s.~at1op'f{ t/le\~~~\ ! /{",.:I,.··: · J~f.k · · . · . . . " empJoyees are. autor:nat1ea11yi:de~me~re~~fo.~ ·. '--'s,el: •!Jan,_zaticinal··-.n~Kt. ar:io ihe ., ~~ 'i~ r. ·. . . · · . . · · · ··. . · · . · · petitior:i·fo·t ~ricelf~tion, under th_e.gr_oundsp"99,12~~---JJh.J.~e._m_e~n_cipl~~-o~UL~·:· . . · . . : . for in_ A_rt, 217 (Tagaytay Highlai:Jc/s· 1rit'L Golf Cltib~--=-:4·· Jr·1s · a -rr?ctic~ unf~1r .to la.bor;._ alt!1ough th~ . . ·.· fnr;. v.. T.agaytay Higt:,lands __ Emp_loyees: 1../nii;m, G."R.. off~n~e~ ~-ay-e,_ther .I:>~ an employer .Qr. a_·labor _· No..: 142000,. J.~nuary 22, · 2003) .. · . · . oma_n,z~~?~ (~ AZUG_ENA,._supra at'29_8);_ _. _... _ · . . , , ·. · : .. · .. . . -2: · ·. The prohibited acts are related to the worker.s . . ARTiCLE: 257:·: .NON-ABRiDGEMENT ·oi:: 'THE ' · .. right_ to ·self-<;>rg'anizatii:in·~ric!to the ·abs.eiva"r1ce · ·-RlGHt'To. SELF:- ORGANIZATlor·i . . . of the CB.A. Wi.thoutthat ~lern_ent; tbe ~c_fs.• even . it .shali be'·unlawful-for ariy person to~ (RCDI) : if UQfair·, ar~ not:u.nfak labor practices (Gerie(al 1 .. · Restrain; ·· · · · · · · · Santo~ ,_Copa-Cofa.Plant Fretf!, yvork_ers Union; . '2;·'. Coerce;.: . TupMf.Cqqa-.Cola ~o_ttfers PHL, Jnc.:-(General .- 3. · Qi~crimlnate:against;·oi- · .. . . · : , Santos· .Qity,-'.' G.R.,, N9. -'17;8647,. -F,e_brua;y 13, · 4;· Un.duly !nterfere with·emplc,>yees. and workers.in··'. · · 2009); · ,. · ... ·. ._ , · · . · ·.· ..: . · · · ·.. ·. : . ·their.· exercise·. of tli_e right·. to pelf-organii::ati_on . 3_. It corpmonly- conno!es ~riti-unio_nisr_n;_ : . · ·. · . (LABOR COD{=, Arl- 258)_.· 4:. UL~ ~.as· a: teqhrnc~I meahmg. _vy1thO(!l acts · · ·· .. _ ·opposed ~o·workers' nght to organize, .no matter Any a9t Intended to \yeaker:i or defe.at the rjght ·how. unf~jr, .is not Ul,P as legaily deflhed · (2 · is regarqed- by "law as· an· offense; .which is call~d. · ·. ·. A.ZUCENA,-s~P,ra·.af 300); and . . · . ·. . · · "unfair -labor practice~ (ULP) (tAZUCENA, supra.at 5. it refer~ lo gross vi9lation of CBA p(qvisi.ons. 298). · · Gross- means the act-is a}nalidous and flagrant· . . "refusal to. comply"with. the _eco_nG>mic provisions': .of.the CBA (LABOR CODE; Art, 274): ..
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Note: If the violations are not gro.ss, it shall no longer . be· treated as ULP and shall be· resolved as grievances under the CBA (LABOR CODE, Art.
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~LP case}, are not, in view of the public tntere·st involved; subject lo compromise. The relation between capltat and labor are not merely contractual but are impressed. with public interest that'(CLJ_C labor" contracts must yield 1o the .eommon good · 0
E.G. Gochenqco Workers Unionv. NLRC,.-G.R.-No. L-67158, May 30, 1988) .... ·. . . .. . . :
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·ARTICLE-259~ lJNFAIR LABOR PRACTICE o'F T_HE EMPLOYER _ . The .following are the ULP of Employers: (DIY~PaVi2~DisCo2) -~: _ .Qiscriminatf9n· t For . or. Against l,l_riion .. Membership; . 2. lnterterenc;e; · · i . yellow Dog Condition;' 4. f_aid Negotiation . . 5. Ylolatiori ofDuty-to B~rgaihi . 6. ·. ¥iqlation of C!3A; - . . . . . · ·. . .!-: ·: Qiscrimlnation_.Because·of Testimony; 8. &,ontraciing Out;·:,ind - -· . Q.ompany Unionism. (LABOR CODE, Art. 259).
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CHAPTER II. UNFAIR l,.ABOR PRACTICES'(ULP) OF EM Pt.:OY~RS · · ..
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Discrimination· with regard to wa·ges, hours of ·. k d th t d · . ,wor ' . an o er . erms an . conditions of employment _in:· order". to · encouraqe or -discouraqe membership in · any labor orqanization (LABOR-,_C.ODE, Art. 259(e)). .
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A Ul.:P. charge allegec;:lly cornrnltted-durlnq a. g~v.eofP peti_oa_· _of time should 1n.ch.Jde -all -acts .£?f C1\ · • : ; · ... , COr(l'~ctt~d against any and all mem~rs'.oft~~).Jnfo\.t\,Jt(...,..:::.._ • .,..J,i,f~~w.ute _.an ~nfair labor .PTf:!Ctic~, .the durjng that period :::- no splitting·. of ca~~-a~t.·.action •, ~i · . . dis?rll'.11!n,~~on com0m.1tted by ·the employer must (Dione/a v, CIR G.R. No. L~18334'··.-A1.1gust 31/:-, , .be en re:garcl to the hire or tenure of emptoyrnent ..1963}.. .- ' · ·' · · · ·,. · . 1t\ · · ?r. an¥;Jt~ri\ and co.nditi9n of .employment to · · _ ., /./. ·f,:-:W?. t) .' _-. encoulia~f- o~'d.i$tourage membership .in-·.arfy
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-,:~-~i~n~Jlq~~fpl}enefi\s_ or pnvileges g1v~n to · one ·cS','.:n9JJ.,given · to the other, under· similar or .. _ . If • , • :·. ideoti~al conditions ~hen directed t'? er:icol,jrag'e _1 ..:,~~'~nts 5'nH,vy-"~9·_~,~!f~rs... · tJf7:;;:.;i~r .. d.1s~qurage urno~ . memberst)cp -_(LABOR· _pa(tic_,8~ted 9q1ti;!J;ior-1z~d -. ,.-.,-;_, ,:~_.:'?-\.f~ ,.
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E>iseriminatlon Dis~inguishe-d f~om cia~sifl~ati'on While discrlmination.-·is co'nsidered an ·unfair labor·.·· . practi.ce;:. Gl~ssiflci:l_tiQn '·iS- 'not .:because ·.jt'. .merely_· . ~lfferentiates the employees· in accotdance with tf'leir · .. . . respectiye _jobs a~d :accords .them. th·e "appropriati" .. _ levels pay or b~nefits due _them _by reason thereof. . ·
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B.eyor1cl . ra'asoh~ble ·,dciubf (sui:ije9l to. prosecl:Jtio_['J .and . . ,· . . . pl,Jnishrnent) · · ·
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. Dlscr:imin~tiori pr A9ainst · Union Members.h!P . . . · ,:est of Dis~ri~inati9.n: Wh~n_ f~e ·dischc;1rg-~·a:n. employee yvas motivated by his involyeme.r:it-with the··. union. Such- inference must be based on 'evid.ence direc_t o'r ci_rcumstaf!\ial, not upon suspicion
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·Exceptions: (M.ERC) i. Member.s of minority unions; ii. .l;_mployees expressly. excluded' by CBA · stipulation·s; · iii. Religious objectors; an~ ... iv.. ..£Ohfidential. ef!1pl9yees •(2 AZUCENA, supra al 356-357).
Valid Discrimination Union. Security Clause/ Security Arra.ngements·.: stipulations in the CBA requiring mem!Jership .in the contracting ·union as a con~lit(on for erppfoyment or retention o( employment i.n · the . company (2 AZUCENA"at345). . . . .
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Note: In terminating the employment of employee . by ento·rcing the. l;!nipn security_clause, the. employer . only n'eeds to detarmineand prove that: (ARED) a. · The unlonsecudty clause i,S·_8pplicable;. _ . b. The.unlen i~.Requesting for the enforcement' of the union security provision of th¢ CBA; c. There is sufficient !;vidence. to support· the · · unlon'sdectslon to expel the· employee. from the unlonr and . . . . . . . . 9. Thlf · employer must comply .. wit~ Que ·
Any dqubt. must be resolved agaii;istthe existence of· a: clo~ed-stiop ·agreement "(2'AZUCENA, supra at 354).. .
: b. · Union.Shop Agreement . Non-members may · te hired : but to· retain employment, they musrbecorne unlcn-members after a ·certain period: The requirement ~pj)lies lei present and future employees·(2 AZUCENA, . · : precess;" . . . . . . . supra·at:.346),. . ~ . . . . · i. .Notify... the employees . tha_t ... t~_r:~..,=--..:S • .. Preferential' Shop Ag.r'eerrient is an ·agreeme~t · .. di~missal is being r~quest~;.:,,bJ'''lhe.1i 1 .wt:i~E;bY the ·e~j::iloyer· 111e~ely aqrees. to .9!ve .. · union; and · · . · · · . ,;JP' · :J~~ . ·\\_;) .1-"tJ. p~~ter,,~~e:taflyjj,,.ay,s~1~ be~n~q--;::, t,(7°$_;-'fre~.sury ~floJ) 1~ an _agreement wher.~by llable'If it was remiss in. its dj.Jty_.,,tp~~'ccord.tHewoiJlEI(, "' m,:;;1B emijfoye_esmtlst.Ji\!}er join -the union ·or pay to be dismissed employees tti;~fr'llig~lto"~ei:M~~.:.~};>n~~~e/}»i9)\a~.e~c!~~ve:'bar.gaining agent a sum the_ . _matter (Malayang $~m~ry~,tiam.,,'";~~\ mJJ-~ij_. . ')f'rt e;i JIJo·thaj' ~al}1 th,ernember~f2 A,ZµCENA, Manggagawa ·s.a.. M.Greenfi~/d," .fl. _~am s,:)it-,~l.~ , .f.~1~A -~lat·3j6J·: ~ /! · ·. · ·. . -
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. _ , : - ' \:. , '-\~ . . ~-~~./-~?f1J.ote: ·,&1itl1s· 1~·-f.oireote9 agarns.t "free nder" Different Kin.ds"of Union Secu~~ Arr.~11.ge e6J.s't~r:J;'tnaJ,o/ees·w!).'o,beoefit from ·union activities · E>;ceptions to ULP. ;· on lnteif~rence=':'t:}fl..,, h'e:.:..:£l.:!-'~:-::~rt~o~4>n.,.,tfibu\jng supp.ort to the'.. union, ·to . Employees' ··Right .to Self-Organi.ia!io1:1?'@l:.lf;'A~-""·pt~~~t. f'VsJfuation of non-union members . BEM2) _ · . .. . ·· · . . . '.~;;: ()}. . j\.j« A..1:e.i)1jt~-efthemse(ve.s a~ the expen.se of union-·. : . a: ,£l~sed-Sh.?P Agreement ..... ~etii_bers (lq.). '..· • - · .· b. .Y,rnpnShop Agreement , .. · · c.. Rrefer.ential Shop Agreement . . .. ·Empl,oyeeamember~ of ·another/rival. ~nion- ·are d.: ·._8genc,:y Shop ,Agreem·~nt.or.fy.1~_intenance·of· not.considered free.rid.ers since wt'fen the onion . : Trec:isµryShop.·. . · · . . . · . . ·: . (agent)° .bigs ·to be: :the· :1:>tirgainfng:' agent,, if e:· ~ar'gain_ing.forMerribers Only·. voluntarily ··assumed· tht} ;_ Tespons.ib.ility. ·of· t' .§xclusive.. Bargc)ining Shop ·. . . ~eprese.n_fing ·'i:111 :.. t~e° . erriploye.es :· in . the·· _..g, · . M~int~_nance .. · of . ·. M:e.rnbership ·?hop: . appropiiate·l:l1:1rgaining unit (National Brewery & . : ·Agreen,ent;_ and_> . . ' . . Allied'lndu:;;tiies-LaborUnioi1of the PHL v..· San h. · Modified Union Shop_ (2 AZUGENA, supra at.· . , JA.igue{B.r~Wery/he:, GJ~: Ng. L-18170, August . 346). . ·31,-· 1"9.63)0'. . .
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. · ·a. : Closed-Shti_p.Agreerrier:it". _. . · · :: ·. .. It is an agreen:ierit.whereby a.n em.ployel binds ·• himself.to hire only members of the· contrading : . _.unl<;>n, Whc;> must-c;pntinue . .fo remairi:f.nem~ers iri · gqod ·standing to.keep. their jqbs· (2A?U.CENA, . supr_a at 347). ·. . . \·
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e.. Barg.aining f~r ).nembers Only provides that . · the uniori is reco'gniz.ed·as the bargaining agent" . ·. · · onlyfor its own membe(S (2AZUCENA,supra at . 346}. . . . · , . . . .. · . . . , . .. · , . ·.(· . Exdusiy'e· Bargairiin_g. Sl)op. provides ·that the . union is recognized as-the .exclusive barg;air\ing . . agent for all employees in ~e batga,ining unit; whether union· members or nqt 12· AZUCENA,· supra:at.3.46).
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M·alnten·ance. of Membership . Shop Assocr.-NATU. v. The Insular Life Assurance Co.• )_td:, GR. No: L-252~1. January30,.1971). Agreem~nt-· .. . No ernplcyee.ls compelled to.joln the union, put all present . or future members must, as · a Examples: . . condltlon · of. employment remain· in good a. There is an outright arid unconcealed standing in the union ··(2 AZUCENA, supra at· · lntlrnidation by the ernptoyer. , 346). ·. . · · · b. . The employer . su.bjects· the employee to h ... Modified Union Shop provides . that the . questiol')ing regarding his/her participation employees who'. are not' union members-at the·. . in the' union -. In .order that· interrogation . 'ti.me 'of.s.lgning the contract need not join th'e. would riot be deemed coercive;'. . . . union, but. a·u the workers· hired thereafter must i. .. The employer must communicate to the join' (2_.AZVGE.NA,~~pia et 3"f6). · employee the purpose· of questioning; · . ·· ii. Assure hin{tbat·no-reprisi:il' would tal<e · Raqulrernente ·;oi ~ valid .Termination of the place; and '. -. . · -Employment under· Closed-Shop Agreement: .iii. (?b~aJn . .. . employee .. pa~icipation (DR-PAC) · .. ·:. ·. . . .. . . voluntarilY., . . . . c;1. . _It can · only be exercised f:fy . giving. the c. ' Th_e · · employer . shows, · .hostility -, to union employee hi~; ri_ght to' Que process: . - . . orqanlzatlon. . . . . . i. '.tie· employer. has ~ the righU_o satisfy d.. The employer expresses. his/heroplnlon in an . ··hii;ns.~I(that -there are sufficient· bases.,~ . lntlrnldatinq' manner. (2. AZUCENA, supra a{ 316., . · fpr. th¢ request ofthe union: and. ,.,_/;;)t ·: 320). .. . · · . · ·· . ·. ·ii.·: :r~i:dermination·:of the .services c;>ffir>e(;,:;\ . . . ... employee is not automatic uroA~.t.f.1e:, .,,:,'} The employer's refusal to .barqaln to its acts 'of .. re~u·est of th~. union. · : · :,? (; ·: ".{; ~;~_.,e.c::fP. ~"j Wortre,ts-f.oq~cf·,.antr;;:Gerferal . .Trade, ·..G,R _No. le~ve room;for iriterp.rela_ti_one.e9,?:(i\~ it ·~'f3} f~:f ·.1494~0~:Ja_i:iJdl_P/2({ -20oq).· - . . ·. · . ". . · .limitation to the exercise·ofthe;i;igt.Jf,.toself1· . J;:-.J : · .· . · . ··. · ·· · · .·. · . organiz~lion;.and·. ·. . \f", . Y'1 J· ... :,c...O~j9te: -An·. emploxer· .may' be .guilty of ·_ULP in. e.' ·Any. doubt mw~t· be resolveclp·a~_aifist.the· ; '.'·~,1:J~t~fferig9.:..._with t~e. rlghf to·, self-~rgal)iziltion everi .s3xi$tenc;e .of .a Qlose~-s_h?P.~~feemEtr)fJ2?,·.f~.:..:-:tietWJ:fthe:a_ni<;m .has·. bee~·_registered ·(Sf:!ma(Jan·ng _AZI.J.CENA;. $UP_!:.a.af 353~~55).!.:A . (JV Manggag~wa -sa. Bandolmo.aLML_C v. -N~R~, G.R. . .. .. . ... ·. · .. · · .,. . . . . '~~~ No .. 12519$, JUiy ·17, 19.97).: . · · · · t(. . 2: lnterfecence·means·to interfere with; restrain or '(;_, · .. ccier~::'e.employees in.the 'exercise of. their right to .... · Rule oil Transfer ·of f=rriployees' . '._' .. ·. · · .. self:_or-ganization(LABOR CODE; A.rt. 2_59(a)):. · . . _ It is the. prerogative of ..tl')e co·mpany to. prom·ote, . :"·· · · ··. ·· · · · · ·.· ·· · . transfer,.·or .~vf;ij, ·c1emot~ 'its employees· to <;>ther.· ·,.. . t~~t:·wh~thert~e ~mptoyerh~;·en~a9~J.i~.conduc~" positions· when the intere.~ts of· tne. company wblch: it.may. ~easorlably be.said, tends to' interfere.: : r~asonably deman·d · · it, . · Ul'.lless there· are with fre~ 13?(ercise of.th~ ·employees' right It is. clrcumst~rices which directly pointto interference by. · not r:iEg:essaiy that ~Here be dire.et evid~nce that any . the ·company .with· ·t1ie. employees' right: to. s~lfemplqyee:was in Jact·intimi(lated .or coer.ced by. the. organization,. thatransfer of an employee should· be· .... stateme.nts.or'·threats .. of. the employ.er. if there is a . . considere_d.. as within thefbounds'allowetl.by.law (e.g; ... r$a:;;'9n·aQle.·inferente'thaUhe.a'nti-1.mfon:con~uct of . despite transfer.to a lower position, his otigina! rank. · .tli_e·.i:ir.nploye'r. doe$··flave .:an. c:1dv~rse effei:;;t·-ofselfand. salary temainecf undiniinishedj · (Rubberwortd organrzatioh a'nd ~oilective. barga_ir.iing· (De Leon v. (RHC.); Inc. v. NLRC/ G.R. No. 75704,·JU!Y.1.fJ,1-9~9).. · NLRC, G~R:. No~-'112661, lyt'ay·30, .. ?.Q01). . . ... · .. ,. · . 3, ,Yellow.-Dog :Condition 'requires as a condition . · for 'employment that a· per.son or an employee . totaHty ofC.o~duct Do.ctr!n·e. .· . · shall not join a. labor .organization o'r . sh;,:ill · . Ttie . culpi:lbflity -:of empl~ye_r's .remarks is to be ., withdraw from one to whi<::ti. lie belongs (LABOR evaluated not only'on the basis of t~eir implications, . CODEiArt.. 25?(b)). . : · . . _but is-appraised' aga\nst the bac'kgr6u.rid of a~d ii') "' . conjuncti~rr ·. with "GOl!ateral circumstances. (The · lns.ular · Life: . Assurance · c_o., · Ltd, _Employees
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Not.UlP: . . , An employer's steadfast' insistence to. exclude a particular substantive .provlslon from the union's proposal is no .different from a. bargaining _ representative's perseverance to include one that they deem ,::,f absolute necessity· (Union of Filipro Employeesy. Nestle PHL, tnc., G.R. Nos .. 158930•31', .March 3, 2008). ·
Yellow Dog Contract is. a p~-ornis~ exacted · workers as a condition of employment that they are _ not to belonq to, or attempt.to foster, a union· during : · their period of employment.' The typical yellow dog · contract contains the following provisions: · · · · .. A representation by the'em'ployee. that he is not .. . · a member of a laborunion: · · · : ·. · . · b: A promise by. the employee notto Join a labor . ·, union; arid · ·. . · . · c.. A promise· by the employee. that, upon joining a . labor union, ·he will· quit: his employment (2' AZUCENA, supra at 329). . .
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·. There i~ ~o,LJLP on the part of the employer because : . tts adamant insistence. on a. bargaini_ng· positjon .to. · the polht where tlie neqotiations.reach an impasse .. does· not establish bad faith, .It is but natural that at . neqotiations, management and.labor edoptposltlons . .or make .dernands' andand . . counterproposals ( Union ot· Filipro ..Employees. v. · Nestle·PHL, lnc., ·"GR. Nos. 158930~31, M<Jrch · 3, · 2008): .
· 4.·. : Paid Negotiati.dn ·.· . ·. ·. · . · T 6 pay negotiation attorney's fe~s to the union or its officers. agents 'as part ofthe settlement .. · .. '•'qf any lssue in collective·bargainintf or enyotber · .... dispute (LABOR GODE, Art, 259(h)). .
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. 5. Violation of Duty Barqain .-Ri?'~ -;· there is ULP when the employer did not . It is. to violate the duty to bar;gain ·c9l~9tiv~~.as . ,t n Jt1b[Jfit.~nanswer to the bargaining proposals · prescribed.' by this ?ode. (LA~R..~f()Df, °7f."ffe,:;:;=-~-'--·:!-, ,~l!n[p9_)..G'~~eta/MillingCorporatio~.v. CA, G.R. 259(g)).. . ,,_._;,,,,!10. 14_..61'2~ ffeqr«ary_:1, ioo4J. . . · .
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. b.· Delaying· . r:iegotiatio.ns by ~l:l~'l9 .l.V.tl\._};i~~ployer. ·proceeds. to negotiate :With a · · . :unrelafed ma'\t1:1rs (2 AZUCENA,_ supra ·a'T'"~"'",. r.:;-:==--· 'splinter unkin· des·pite the existence ot' i,ts · .. " 4 {4); · . . . . . , . valid . CBA With tl)e . duly.·: ceffjfiea·.. and c. ·_ Engaging,in~u'rface."ar.gainln_g; ·e~crusive. - t;>argainfn!;l agent.·. (Employ~_es . , · .' · ,.·. Uniqrt· O~"·EfJayer PHl';,:FFW:· v. l;Jayer ·surf~ce Bargafoing ·i'n~ans goir:i~ th,r.ough·:, Philippines,··:., Inc., ·. G.R · · No. 162943, · the motions c,>f nego.tiating x,yithput' any )egal · Oeceinber 6; 2010).. . ihtentto. rea~h an agreem-e.nt:It in:vdlves the ... question of. whe.ther· or not fhe ·.employer's 6. · '{iolatlon .of-CBA·. . · · · . . . conduct.'qemonsti'afes.·a.n· u.n~illlngriess· to The viol.ation - niU,$t ·be_ gross,. flagrant· and/or. bargain ·rn. good faith ·or· is merely: hard :·malicious refuial to comply ..witti the." economic !)ar:9aining: · ($tandarp ... cliaiterep · ·a.ank · ·· · .. proyisions'Of-theCBA'(LABORCO_LJ~•.Art 274). Employ~e.s-Union:·v' .. Confesor, G.R ·. No. 114974; Jun'e 1.6;-2004); ahd. · ·. . . .· G(oss Violation of the CBA is defined as flagrant . . .. . . .. and/or. ·malicious. refusa1:by .a· party thereto to · . d. :'· Refusal" t~ make a. c~unt~r~pioposal to. the : . ·comply with the eG!'.>nomic: provision's thereo.f · - (FA~AP· v.· PAL, G..R. - No. 17{3083, July·· 22, . u·nion's · proposal .fqr. · 'CBA :·.n.eg·qtiation 2008): . . . ·(General. Milling Corp. v. · ·CA, G.R No. · . ·. 1'46728, Fe_br.uary11~ 2_004);.'
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SAN DEDA LAW CENTRALiZED BAR'OPERAnONS ~·MEMORY AI.D 201~
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If what violated, therefore, 'is a non-economtc . or a political provision of the CBA, the same shall not be coasldered as. Ul:.P and. rnay .thus be ·. processed 'as a grievable issue in .accordance with arid .follo',VJng 'the griev.c,1nc~·machinery· laid . . .down ii) the·CE}.A. (CH!W, Pre-week Notes. on·
Labo/Law, {201'6) p.77).
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Company-Dcmlnatlon 'of Union means to initiate, dominate, assist or otherwise interfere with the formation or' administration of any labor orqanization, induding. the giving of-financial or other support-to it or lts.orqanlzers or supporters (LABOR CODE; Art. 259(d))'. .
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Forms: . a. Initiation of the. company union idea·..,. this may occur by; . · · i. Outright formation. by employer or his ' the.CSA . . .: · , , .·· ·.·. : . · . representatives . ·. . ii. · Employee formation or _oµt@ht demand 1... , 6i~cri~in~tion Be~µ~e. (?_f -T~stitn~ny. . or lnfluerrce byemployertor ">. ·, ··.. '. prejL1diye:or To dismiss, discl:lar.ge oro.therwise · ii[. Manaqerially-motlvated ..: formation ·by dis.e.riminate ·an ern.ploye.e who i~,abo.ut to give employees (2 AZU~ENA,··s4pra at 335);, or,has.giv~n .a testimony uhder,the L,.abot Cocle b.. Financial support· to· the union - whenthe. employer: . . . . . ·...... . .-· ... (LABQR QOOE: -~rt 259(f)).. . , . 1 • . i. Defrays union expensesjor . ' {[abor.sta~·d~rc!~·ar~·~.idlated and.the employer ii. Pays attorney's fees.to the attorneywho · . _ does. -not ·.retali_ate:. under- Art: 1.1 S :a~ainst 1~F(..,}r drafted the constttuttorrorby laws of the ._: employees y~ho reported the violations, the~.:isf /., :\· union (i AZUCENA,supra at ..335): · · _ no .ULF5 (? AZUCENA,s_upraat 36.1) .._ ·. \. j· c. Employer encouragement and: assistance .; . . . . ._ · · . . . . . .• · '•I i. ,,.,::-:,;-,[,_,:;- ...~, lmlJ!.fil.?iately granting excluslverecognltion ·Note: .This ls the. pnly lJ..LP not req·uireq;~b~ )f)~::..,,;:::.,'.;~-,..~~-l?~rgainin~ aqent without defermioing · .. related .to .. e~ploye·e•s ..exercise: o!)~~;;ng~t. to\··. ~'Whel?,'.er th~ union represe~ts majority of the · self-orqanizatlon · and· Cbllect1ye ·);E!arga,rnng!\,, ..,·i . emP.fo2!'les (2 AZUCEN.A, supre a( 3~6); ·· (Phi(c?_"!'. . ~mployees,' ynton : G_1)bi/1>--]_! . d. . S~¥eflVl~?I)' ; .Assi~t-:nc~: .. -:: ... Sol\c(t~pg .Communications, G.R .. flfo. tjAJ~1,5/)uty {7, i ~ r!J~ITl~er~h,p; permitting UQIOn · act_1.v1t1.es .. 2006);· · · . · .. · ·: <;i~rinij wo)!<. time or coe.rcing en:i~Jo_yees lo 11 }o~~~tJ:~·~~ion_._by:threats. o~ d1~m1~sal or .Em~l9yefs ~che~~-Of ln~\f.llJ~.;ohTs.~~~plo~J, ,,.f -~\~e':ffp~9Jl.tJf.?lrittppmeAm~nca'!' q,gar. &_ · to Sl!;J_n an affidavit absolv1n?..,l:11rnf't-5>m;_~os~,.~Jf~· ~G1ga£f!-tte~~_ctoryw_ort<ers Union v. .PHL . violahons -.of the _ L_ab~r _Co~e{'t~:~n"~~tuall~ .. Amencan C1gf!r- & C1gare.ff?.Mfg. Cq., Inc., . ·.a~a!ogous ·· to · d_1scnmmat1or:i,.1.. Reca!.J~e. of; J··.;_;;---:;;-.,___ G~. No. .L-18~64;Fe.bruary~8, 1.963).·.... , . test1mo~~.(Mabeza v. NLRC,·G.R,,J}J.o,,£1!18506!.-,.~~·;·;;,•,:...•.,., ::-::,.....:-,:,,, . ,.. ·. . .. April 18, 1f?97). · . . . . · .. )''-(. ·.·,(.'~---·'=·~~~ome-circams!anc~s sho~mgU:iat.~ labor. urno.n is_ . company-dominated:_ · · . ., . , · , ·_ . : . . _&. ;- Conttactlng'Ou..t means.to:contracfo1:!~~1ces · · a. When several employe~s · Vl{~re forced t;>y , .. or: fuf)etion·s.-being·. pen'orrned by ·u.njon ~.embers . officers of the· co.mpariy inlo ·JoiAing·a··uhjon;. ;:: . . · .. when such wi1Hntef1er.e. witli, restrain qr.co.er¢e· b. That'-rio ·rneml;>er _o('Jhat uriion··Jfad 'been · . · employees in :the: exercise of.,the~r right t<:> :elfdisrniS$ed by· ·the. · ~omp·any ·despite, its· : · organization (LABOR CODE,Art. ?59(c)). . allege.d,retrenchmerit pol_i.cy, ·which res~lte.d.: :.. · . · in .the dismissal of. the qther·.e!llployees who: · ·. Outspor~liig I~ ri~t per·se:,1,1i.P . _ . w~re. officers· and, rnernbers. · of· ·another , Conditions for.:valid oi.itsourdng:. . .'union; and . . a. Motivate~lby go.q<;l .faitb; c. · That . after said drsmiss'als, the: company . · I?. · Musf oot·.h~~e. :_beie·n· re$orte~ ·to circumvent engaged tl]e. ser:vices :-c:if, seii~r.~t laborers· .. . : .. the law. or:m.ost. r19t .haye · be.en the resul.t. of . .... (Oceani
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phrase ."grossly v\olatew is an a!llendment by R.A., No: 6715. H.e.nce, if.the violation is· not . gro.ss, It.is not l)LP but only a grie.vant:e under
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· . Company ·qu,s.umbing,<3:R. No>t27598, · · · · . January 27, 1999).. . . .. . . . · : N.ote:. All . the aforementioned . . . .. . . . Ho~ev~ri,the. ·iaw o~ :~nfai~ i~b<;>r .prac~1ce·~ is .n.ot.. · int~iided .to deiprive ,employers of their f1;1nd,an,ental righ_t to presc_rib¢. an~ ·enforce such: rules as· they· ·h.onestly l::leliev~ ·to ·be ·Ae.cessriry. _to. the proper, . :· productive an~ profitable .operation o~ their business .
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acts must. h~ive 'a . ·. relatidn to the .employees' 'exercise <;>f the./r right tq . ~elf-organization. If 'this connec,\ion is>abserit; th.e ,.-. contentions of ULP n1ay be reject~d as basefess and · irreleva~t (:? f,ZUCENA,sup;a at 206). ·
(Phi/com. Ef7!p1oyees · Union · v.. P!lil. · GlolJal ·. Communication, G.R.):-Jo: 1~4315, July 17-:2006).
·2019 SAN'BEOA . . LAW.CENTRALIZED .
BAR OPERATIONS .
1107
. LAB.OR RELATIONS. SAN B£DA LAWCENTRALIZED'BAR OPERATIONS - MEMOQY AID 2019
4. · To cause dr attempt to cause an ·employ.erto pay or d.eliver or agree ~o pay or deliver·any money. ·or. other things of v_alue · in-. the ·nature· of. an · .sxaction, for SSIV!C~s. which are not performed . ,or not to be performed. Including the ·demand.for · a fe~ for union negotiations; · . . . _.7, '2009)·. Feathertiedding:(make-work agrrtements) is a The enumeration of ULP is not exclusi.ve 'because term given to ernptoyee ·practices -'Which create ~rt: 27 4 considers gross violafjons ofthe CBA as a or· spread . ernployrnen] · by· unnecessarily . · . · ULP: At the· same time, Art. 278(c) considers "urilon , · rnalntalninq · or. increasing,· the number of . . busting" as a ULP: . . ,: emptoyees .used, the.. amount of . time . · ·,.: consumed, to .work 'on . a 'particular . Job :_ (2 · CHAPTER Ill: UNFAIR LABOR PRACTlf:ES OF .AZUCENA, $Upra 'at 372). · t..J.:so~ <;)RG~NIZATIONs· · · · ·· . . · · · · .. ... . . 5. To:~sk for qr ·atcepf negotiatio·,:i.:o~ aftorney's . ARTICLE 26.f): UNFAl~.LABOR PRACTIGES OF ,· e-, • fees ftom-ernpJoyer~ as partofthe settlement of .. "LABOR ·ORGANIZATIONS· • . , .. any Issue il:r colleytive tSargaini!lg. or· any other The following -acts a~e the ULPs "ot La~Q.L=~.,. dispute; . ·.. · · . . .. ... ... _· ·.. · Or~at:,lzati.on~:.. (RDV-EAG) .. · . _: ~7~-Tf l .f~rossly, violate a._ collectlve 'bargaining. 1·, :· ·10,Bestram.br coerce employees J~lf~ex~s~1se I\J aw~~~~t (LABOR CQDE,. Art: 2~0). . . . · · of their righi--tc:, self-organizat~9ri~.~'\v.e,~e$.~-----=:~:,,;;elow m11')1muro ·~e.~son:.:ln_terf.~re11ceby a 1?"~9~1:r~iarnz t,_;.'f~~~,rc. sta~1sh~tj,Y. law (2.A~UCIENA, ~upra at .. 1s· a . f~nction of· self-orgam~tt~rr. 8.owe· :.f8'.ffi:·th~~ ~·-..i(#.'t~ ~ · iJ '( · ·· . . i_nterfeieAc~an:iounts·.to r~~trajrit or 6~erc':i ~jt-1:J~J~ '>-~,A~ ·;/··. · ft ·. · ·. · . ·. ·.becomes· ULP "{2AZUCEN~,.s't:Jpra·at3~B).'-.~~,.;_.-rs ia~;Sl;cY :fBarg~ii}j~9- is ·.. _'defio~d a~ · making CR ~ag0era~cf·?~un1p~soF1a~1e:pr_op9sals._ W~~t~er,~r · : . 2: .·. T? c':'u~e o~ ·attei:npt to ~aus~~n . e~~y;~r: ~<~f-lp~~n\bQ;_Js:1~ng~ged i_n. blu~-sky __bargam.1_n~ 1_s ·: ·. · .g1sc~1rp_if!a~e aga1~st. an empl<'Y,.ea..•}Wll:J~}n1J--'-:::,,"'='~ft~~]~fd(~_.~_ev_1dence--preseryt~ _~~ ?Y the l:.?!on ·.: d1scnn:11nat1on ag;;unst an employe_N.tJite~~e«t it~~onom,c .d13man9s;. Ttius, 1f· th~ ·unron ·... ._:·to wt.iot1"1 !ll·erip~rsh_iP. i? ·sucti organrz~'1PEQl~-._::-i!J._t-r~~.~e~agger~te~_. o.r.:u.nrea~riable: · economic_'· . been denied otto d1s,ri1ss an employee on any~-~mands,-1t::is.gmlty of_ ULP,(.Stand~rd Ch~rtf;!red groun~. · otoer :tha.n . the : .usual· .terms and ·.Bank Errip/oyees,l,)nion v, Hon, .Confesor, G.R .. No.· ,con,ditions . unde·r :·which .. · rriembershfp.. or·· ·J-14974, ·Jl!ne 16, 2004).' . · ·· .. · . contlnuatJ.on. of membership is made ·ayailable to• . ·. . .: othe~-J'11einber.$; . . , Note: .The Labor. Cod~. does·. riot· authoriz~ the . emplbyer to ·close "dowr:i the~estcibiishmerit on the · ground·ofex!;eS!;live d'emarids of tt'le.i.Jnion:lnstead., · .. :_: . N~te:;A union me'1'!be_r may.riot·b.e.·expelled fro~ .. aside'f~om th'e"remedy of suomitting the- dispute for ·the unio:n. !3nd. qon;,equentJy ·from his job, for · · ·voluritary-:or .c.ompuls"6ry -arbi'iration; .the. employer · per'~,oi:ial_ q_( imp.etuoU:~. reasons ad faitl).. lf.found:guilty,·t_his gives·rfse ·-. . Mandarin·Employees Union.v,. NLR.C, G.R. No. . td . civir· and _:- criminal . llabilitfes ._. and. ~llows . the . . · . l::769.89, September-2_9; 1~87). ·. . . . employer to implement.a lockout but riofthe closure . of tht:t .establishrnerit tesuJtlng'•to .the p.erinanent loss ·3, .·...-ro.-ylolate',. \he· duty or. r~fu~e :to bargai(! - of e"mployment ohhe.:whole ,'v;orkforce '(st, _Jphn . . . ·collectively with ·the_.employer provic;l~d that· it.ls : Colleges; .. lilc. v. ·St.· John Acaperny Faculty ·an.er the representative·o_f the employees; . ·. 'E,:nployees Union, G.R. · No: 167892, October .27, . The.burden· of proof. falls on the shoulder_s· of petitioner to establish or substantiate .claim of ULP . · py s_u~st1;1ntiar evidence or such relevant e"(idence as . a,. reasonable mind might accept -as, sufficient t9 s.upport.. conclusion is required (UST FactJ/ty Union: v. Ur,iv.etsity of Sto. Tomas, G.R..N9. 180892, April
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. fn t),e absence of an:.agree.ment·or other' voluntary ' arrangement . providing. ·for a: mote e:Xpedltious · ·manner of coll19cti.ve ·bargaining, it shall tie thE! duty of. the. employer· and .. the. [epresehtatives of the emP.loyees to ba'rgain collectively ·(LABOR. CODE, Art.}62).. .. . . · :. · . .· ·. ·. . :
CO.LLECTIVE
.BARGAiNING, ,!\G'RE~·MENT
TffLE··seveN: cou.acnve BARG.AINING ·ANo· ADMINISTRATION O.F AGREEMENTS. . .. . ,. . . . : . · .· P.urpo.se of Collective ·Bargaining . DE~~ARAl'ION OF POLICY· . · . It 'is ' one· of .the democratic 'frameworks under the . !tis the policy ofthe S.tateto promote emphasize ·. · . Labo{· Code, ·.designed· to stabilize the relation theprimacy of free and responsible exercise of the' . . . between labor and ·ma'nagem-ent· and-..to: create .a right to.aejf-orqanlzation .and. coltecuve barqaininq.: . . . climate of sourid and. stable industrial peace .. It)~ ·a · ajther through sing'le enterprise 1avei' ':~gqtiations·or· · . mut_ual ·n~sponsi_bll)ty of the employer: and the Union thrq~gh the. creation of a. rnecbanlsm ·1;iy whicl') . and is charad~rized as. a legal_.oblig~\ion (Kir;k toy ... · differerit employer and recognized or ce,rti{ied labor- .· · .. y. Nl:.RC, G.R. No,.. L-54334,. January-?2,'1!;!86): union .'in their.. establishments · bargain· collectively· · · · · · · .. · · (/RR of the. _LABO~ C.ODE, Book y, ·Rule XVI,.Sep. -Jurtsdlctlonaf : Prec:o~ditio.ns :fo.r .: ·c~llective··. 1, as amended qy D.0. No. 40-03). Bargaining/ -R.equis.ites of Collective-, Ba~g·ail'.llr'ig . , (MPD) '. . . . . . .. . . . . ·.., ·. . , . . . Colle~ti·v~ Barg;:.ining· Agreement' refers. to the ~A:)': 1. Possession' · '(?1 . :the · status-, of . .''Majority . : contract between. a legitimate labor union .an_d ;:2} ~epr§%eritation by the 'e.mployee·s·representat!ve . · employer concernmq wagers; l:iour-; of work, and·,allf.i ':,th·· in accordance.w1th·any·gfthe-means of selection · other. term-,s and conditions employment' !Qi~,'~'',.,.~ · .. or .desi_gnatio·n provided for by·the Labor Code; · . . ba~g:;ilning uniqn. (IRR'.ofthe LAB(?~ CODE, B_,~o_if'.·;;:~11!-,/:·:·/f{oof ot-~ajorJty.represent~tion.{C.~rtification of ~-: V, Rule I; -sec. 1 (j), as am·f!nded by!). 0. 'No.1;g;.oa):'. that- the representatlve . of . the ·ernploy.e~~ is the sole and exclusi-ye bars;iafning .~t· ARTIClE 261: PROCEDURE 'IN CO(!;ECTIVt:;dagent haY1ig won.in a certitication ele<::tion);-and '{' BARGAINJN.G. . . . .' . . ·. .'\."h{1 :: .. ,Y°"'j.•\ 3·. Qema?Jl ~~\bargain under Article 261 (a) of the \ ·:· · : .. . _.· .· · ,// ~(~Y ·. Lab9rrco:de~(Kiok {-oy v.· NLRC, G:R. No. L-, ii.!. · ARTl<;LE : 262: · · DUTV: ...<,'fief.' · "i;J~itGA1~1L,-. · 543~~. Jqriua6Y 22; 1986): .· : ·. · . i;-!i 1}... COLLECTIVELY . IN. . THE<w·ABSJ=..!J~E- · OF"\\ . 1.";t " · ./! . fl · · \'·. , ·. _ . . . . .. . . , COLLECTIVE.BARGAINING1 ~-? .kH --~~';,; _. -~~~~ij~'I§~gain _ coll~c~ively· aris.es o~ly ., . · · · . .. · . ~-'. . .:9·'"}.. '"\J. betw~enJ.11.e.,emp[oyer and its -~fTlployee. Where J·: ARTl~LE ,263: MEAN ING OF l;>Ulff..'.'..l;O·B~~GAl,a . rieither Rc!rtY is ar:i "employer" flOr.·an "employee• . t·· COLL.ECTIVELY . · ; · ..!!~, I' .. '!.j . . ... ·l'rr.~~of..the-:' other,, flO such. duty .W<;)Uld ~xist ·(f.ilied .. [.:. . .· , . - · · · , '. · u;>,?,-· .. ,. . ,. _,..;; ,1if!.'!i~~f.f~-W.orkers'. -Union v. Compania Maritiina, t ARTlgLE _ ;264:: -DUTY T0·<:.1SB~~'A.JN~··<~·~~.. ~<-:"'G~Rl:--Nos .. ~-22951-52, Jar.wary 31, 1967), ... 11.'. ·COLLl=CTIYELY.. .Wt:tEN:: TH~RE: ~~ijXIST;S,i A . . . ... ~?1,;.L!=C_,:tyE~-~GAIN_INGAGRl=~ME~h,). ·~ · ~ Not~:.Wh.ere a-~ajority.repr:e~~nta.ti.vehiJs.been.· A .. designated;: it is a ULP ·the e_mployer., 'as··.a Bargain C~·jh~~ti~ely an· obligatfon to · refusal ~of.. collective· bargai~ing, to.. deal and . ·r,;eet and,. coi)yene promptly and ·.ekpeditiously iO:. -negotiate witf{the minority representative to 'the I.· · g()().d ·.'faith -:fcl.r ·the purpose .of, negotiatii'ig arr·... exclusion ·.of t.he· majority .fepres~ntativ.e. ?i1 · ag'r.e.e:mentwi\h ~~spect to w~~e~; h_our;$of Wm.I< arid.. . .· . .AZIJCENA,·supra at 3!J'1). . .: · ·. . . ' . all other. t~r:m.s. ;3nd cond1t1ons· ot.,.emplo~ent Certification Y·ear . in'cluding propos'f11s for adjy~Hng.any_ grl~vances or. ,1f the jurlsdict1onal preconditions are present; the.' · ·qi.JeSl!OJ'1S . ariSirJg ... under si:Jch- . agreement · and . C.Qllectiv~ ·bargaining spoulci begi:n. Within th.Et- 12 .· _eiecuting .a 9,ontra~t incori:ie1rating·s.uc'1 agre~_ments· . months following the de.terminatiori·and cerHficatio.n if requested by either party bl.it such .dufy·cJoes not. -the employee's· . ~xclusive<.:·: 'oa'i-gain'ii-19 . compel any·.pprty.to ag'ree,.to a'proposalorto make . repre~entativ~. This . ·pefiod is . known.· . as. 'the .·. ~ny-con'i::ession (LABOR CODE,·Arl. 2(,3). · ·. · ' "c~rtification year" (2 AZUCENA,. !?U{Jr.a 3.82)'. · . ~~·~ . . . . . . . . ·. : . . .. . .. : ... • : . . . . . .· . .. ,: . . '•' .·. When the.re is·a coll~ctive barga·i·ning agreement;·the Note:. Absent linµs~ai circu~~tan~es·, an· empl~yer ):luty··to b(:!rgc;i1n collectively 'shall also mean that ·commits ULP by refusing to:bargairi with:the union . n'either party·' $hall te@in~te'. nor : modify such' . duri.ng. the .'ce.rtificati9,n yeifr,. nofwithiitandh·ig the . agreement during·. its lifetime (LA~OR '<;;ODE;'Art,. . 264):. . '. . . . . : : .. . repudiation of: the·· union by · ·a· n'ia]ority ·of- · its ' ·. ' . en,ploy~es before expiration.of. the 1 .year perio¢·(2 . ~ZUCENA, supra at 382):. · :.· .. : .'.
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Negotiati9n Procaas ln .Collective Barg'aining; M~lti~Employ~rBargaini'r.lg . '!$-: · (WReC_-NO) . . . . A.. legitim~:te· labor uruoms) and employers may 1.. When a party . desires to· negotiate an agree in. writi_ng to come to.gether for the purpose of. agreement, it ·shall serve .a Written notice upon collecfivebarqalninq.. provided; · .· .·' . · the _ott:i~r, party with a statement of proposals; 1. Only leifitimata labor unions who are incumbent :.·: 2: Reply by the other : par;ty not later than . 10 exclusive oargair\ing·agents may participate and ,.[ . · . calendar days fromreceipt of notice with counter negotlate iii multi-employer bargaini_ng; ·1K · .: · proposals; · · · 2. Onlyemployers with counterpart legitimate labor f/ ;3; · 'lri case of differences. either party n:iay..request unions who are. incumbent bargaining agents1; tor a _fonference· Which must be held not later . : may participate and negotiate in rnultl-ernployer . ~;. than 10 calendar days.from the.date otrequest.. · barg;:iining; and J;'. 4. If not settled, JfCM~ may upon request of.eitl1er . 3... Only· tl;iQ$e·1egitjrriate labor. unions who pertain . ··&,:. or .boih: parties or at .. its own . ."initiative arid to employer unltswho conserit'to multi-employer ··.encourage ·the-'pa'rtiesto submifthe. dispute to a · t.>:argainihg . m~y" participate i_n multl-ernploysr · · voluntary ar~ijrat6r; · .... · . . . .: · ·:. · ,bargainir)g (/RR ot the LAE$0R CODE, Bopk_ V, . ··-II ·,mot resolved, ·the parties may·go.to where they. .' · Rule. ;
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-~at,~i;iale:for .Mult1~Employer Bc1rgc11,r1Q~t • · '·" Com_petiti_y~.. pres~ar_es''. , .. ~.sE>~f},i31!~.-:{;;::' employers 1n··h1gt)ly .CQ~pet1t1~e an.:tj_Jij _r.;. tie(9s. _aredthfi:lo1.~ii'.ia_:itt_.f9fc.~~--tti;f·~Ji ul)1on an . emp oye:rs.,_o·Ji · ,~~ ' b~rgaining C!~ indusll:i6vld1t r2·AZUCENA;supr:a ~t':J84 ;,,i·,. ..
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. . 10. Work rules and· regulations: · 11. Rent of company houses .(2 AZUCENA; supra at . 398-399);
. 1. Particu·1a'r1y. · 1. May overlook .:' the . . advantageous -to needs' ·:of . various . · both ·. side~r . in· 'employee__ gr9i.ip·s·.. · ', · 1ndustries . : composed of many 2. · May igr:iore·particular· small, . financially .. ·. requirements t.. . • pf . weak en_,pl~yersi i!'.)divldual e_mployers;
. · 12. Grievance rnachlnery; .13. Voluntary· arbitration; 14 .. No stnke-rro lockoutclause: 15. Labor mana_gement council ( (;HAN_, Labor. Law Reviewer (201.6), Ch. 7); and · .· 16. Provision against Drug· Use in'.Workplace (R.A. 9165, Sec. 49): · · · · · · · · J
· (In . s~ch. indu.stri_es.· 3. · May res~tt to. non-, ' ' major'benefit·prcigrain' : •.. uniforrr:ii~y 'of costs such· . as. health. -or . 'since what may' be._. penslorrplans.jnay be . rea:ci'ily accegtable to' adopted' In . a . rnultl. one· Ti.mi n'lay·_·.· b.e . employer. \.1n}t which · disastrous· . · · ·' to . would · .be:: difficult: to. .. . another." · . . .. ,
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... F-~rms of ULP in.·Bargainin!;F (E}!:~Gf) . . 1. Bad faith-·in bargaining· (t:ioulwarism), including· _ . -failure or.· refusal to execute · the· CBA, if
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· ~~:~r:~~~lq~e?ough· .4 .. ~rri~eJ~~i~: sut>jects of ~argaining; · bargainmg. . . . .. . . emploYf0\..t~ rz Gfos)~jofutton·_pf the CBA; and .. . . . · · . ., ·. :· _ . _awe~en~ is .!J!,v.ch . C"l:aJklre.gp,}.~fusal -to- meet and convene (2 2. Provldesr · b?th . m~~©}ffiy~,ffia':!;,!,9... ·--=--,..,_,...,AZUSB~~"slfpJ,iat.386-387). · : ·· : manaqement .· ~~cf. ~ . e ,tsjl'fgJe.-. . .-$, s» -..,_\' ,~ :;..~;'l, . . ' . .. . . u!1io!1s _ .:_ .' · . w_1th:: · .. 0Fl'IP_2J~r·co~t,acts._]P: ~. ··Jtte: Violal,'~ids. o.~ the col!ec1iv~. ,bargaini~g· s1g~1ficant .co~t · 'fl H. · 'Jl,~ agre'emEtnt, e' o~p;t) t~ose which · are gross m · savin~s. · · , · m /11-..,,.,. { t_--:-:-= -1{Pifi'ara.ct'.'ej,· shall ~~.J.m11~er.tie treated as 13~ -unfair n:lgob.ation of labor ,~ ""1'.l\}: -~ Pf~Ctice,b~t'· a~Ai grievanc:e Lin,der th~ CBA · agreement~'. . . · · ' . . ~ ... · ,~~f;!ABOiJ CODE,;t,-4.,.t.•~ll'.4; Si/y
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·ReQist~atlqn ~equire~~_nts~(j) 1· ··.;~\ . .·. ~-., The original and 2. duphcate ~OJ?!eS C?f:~e~itti~l,P~ ~~~9ace!iargainJng is gomg.th_l'9ugt,the_motion must be'vedfied u"nder'oa~h·br.~~e'rep'{Se~~~i~tli..~I ~ynegitiating·.~ithc;,ut any__ legal· int~n~. to. reach of the emp_loyer(s) and. u,nion(~ftion.cem~ '(·\~f .--:-n'."\r"-ah- )t'Qr~ement".· (Standard C(larlere.d Bank .. 1: CBA; . . · , · · . ;~ :··. ·~ ·~..;,..~~m'pfotfJ~~Amon v. c;onfesor,. G.R.. ·No.·. 2.· · A, stat~me·nt th.at· colle~~e . ,_Jle~~A~ll9_:~=-~· -1r1i~4,)_µpe16, 2004); ·. . .. · · . _: · . agr~~ment was post~d.m_-at.J.east_~cpA~g19-t1,?us.·"f\· ·/r 12...\~s,~tf!t-afism ...,._occurs: ,~ . · .. · pla~¢s 'ir1dfie estal:;>li~hnien.t ~r: _es~h~e~ts . .lV.l~~a-.,:--=Wh~11.t~e,-emp.loyer .di:ectly. Mr~ain~. Wit~ ·. c.onc·ernect·.- for ·at· 1east 5 d~y~ :bef9:_e""=!t~~ · the-employee disregarding the µoi9n. . .. . · ratification; arid· .. :.·~ ·. ··. . .. :_ . · . b . Wh.e.n.. the aim was· tb deaf with tf,e .union·-· 3.. · A· s,t.atem:ent th.at .' the t:oll~~t,_ye·... b~r~a,1ning •. · thr~~gh .the. ·emplo.yees,ra:ner than._wi,tn the· ··agreement·wa_s .r~tified.by tf'.i13:ma1onty pf.-lh_e_ .. employee~:through.the u"uon. ··... . . employees in the'.bargaining ·unit of th~- .employer c. · -W.he'n··.the- .employer- submits its pr9po.sc\ls · . ·.. No. 40-03, _Rufe XVII. . . ·. . . -:· ·. supra. at·.420); .· ._. . .
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· ... ~ · · M~~da~Qry P~~visioiis.of-th~_CBA 1, · ·w.ages; · · · · 2.. Hours of'l.vork; 3. Vaca.tlons and H(?l.ic!ays; 4. : Borius.es~· · . : . Pensron~ and retirement plans~ 6. Seniority'; 7. · Tfan~er; .·. 8. L~Y,~offs; . .. · 9.. Employee_ \/V.orkloads;·
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. An emplqyer·.has peen .hel.d ~not ~uilty of :e~us~I ~o b~rgain by:adamantly rej~cting.the union's ~con9~1c. . demands. where he is ,'operatin_g at aJoss·,. on a low· · profit margin, ?r in a ·dep_r~s~_ed indu~~'Y.· as long· ~s. · he continues to . negotiate. But ·fii:,;mc1al. ha~dsh1p constitutes- no: ex(:use for refu,sing. : to b_argain . : coll}~ctively (2 ~UCENA~ supraat 391).
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absorbs another, resultinq in th~ cessatlon .of the absorbed labor -orqanlzatlon's · existence . and the· "'.t ·. continued . existence · of the . -absorbing labor f .· organization; .e.q, \Vh·en: ·1·. company is sold, to . 1·- another, In such· case,'}he duty to· bargain whlch · ~t_ origirJally devolves -, upon .-the selling· · party is r_. transferred to the·buyirig entity {2.AZUCENA, supra· ,,:-.·at 211).: : , . . . . ,. · ·. . · · . ~
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Selling· the. Company: Duty of the-Transferor ·. · L '.Gen~r;il · Rule: Wbea an employer .wjth an existing f. ·. CBA_- is -:s.ucceed(;ld · 9y' _a_n.other. e~plqyer, .'t~.e·.. · · ..,'\' · successor-in-Interest ,who rs a. buyer in good faith . • has ·no· liability: to the employees· in continuing· · employment : the- .. collective· bargaining ~'- agreement because ttiese contracts. .are in ) . · person.am.(Ferna.ndoy.: t,ng_at Labor Un/on, G.R. ~ · · N,o.·L--17896, May.30; 1962): . . · .r::.,.,,-;:':\ J,l~. . ... ·. .,,. , .;1
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3.' ·-Refusal to bargain during period oflllegat'strike; 4·_ . There is no request for bargaining; 5. Uni9n seeks recognition. tor ·an .inappropriately· 19rge .unit; . · .. . 6. · Union seeks to represent some persons who are exclude(,1 from the Code;· . · 7. The rank-anc;l-flle union includes supervisors; 8. Th~ demand .fot recognition and· bargaining is made within the year following ·a· · c~rtification ele.ctio·nin which. the.clear cho_ice was µno unior( . and no ad. interim significant chang13 has taken place in the unit; and. .. .•·. ·. . . . I. 9: The. 'union makes unlawfuJ·bc;1rgalning,demands · . (2 AZ.l;JCENA, supra·at-392~_394):· ·: . Bargaining to
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Point-of Deadlock o~1mpasse: '3ad_ Faith .. . . . . . 1. : Over a mandatory subject - pc1rty' may _insist. on bar.gaitilng . and will . not be ~bnstru~d as bargaining in bad faith: . . . . ,
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-=xce~tions:. · ·. .. : · . Rea.son: Duty ta.barga_in·require~.ri,e~tj~g ~n~. 1_ When · the successor-in-interest . expre'.sMy-'.'.''..j;\ convening on the terms' and condltlons of assumes the obligation; · : ·.. .· ';': /' , , ', · · :/.-·c:,...employM~nt1:iut does not recjuire assent to the 2. - The sale ls a device ~o circum,v~At the ?blir,,§lffo(;_,,;:Y '._S~:~h,E;Jr-.if~i:t'f's proposals. . . : · · · 3 .. The- sale. or transfer IS. made ln'bad f!=lttif,or . - '.'y 1.t 4. When there is abona fide· sale J?.~·(:f11y of. th~r.-:·a!'~ · 2. Over a ,,fi~:n-mandafory subject _.._ 'party may.' . . f?llowlng circu.ms~~nce?ar~. pre~ep~~-~1.C~A},y-, . . not insj,§tfoll-,.~a~gaining to_the peint of .i~p~~s~_. . 7··_. . . a. ·.Whe_re_.the:tratls~~t10_1.~.molJ.!-'l!.'s•t~~-er;ger·or 1 . [i· ·. · other,rlse1 h,1w1ll be coostrued.a_s bargammg m · .. -corisohdation: . , >~:fY · ,IJ~· :::,.,.·· ·ir~} bad @1th ~2 A~UCENA1 s~p~ at 405). , ·.. . , · b. . Transfer of !3s~_ets ai:il'.f:--~mplO'~e~s leave~:.'\ t~.'I\ · · .· // · Ji ·. ~ .· · · . ·. · ·,intcict !he.!de~tityoflti~J?r,~E>Yfrii'f~~sin'e~s.;.:: ·.- II] lll~sfr~Wi5i;1~}~'iW,;'.;f~loyer'~ insist_ence: tlrat_ ~e ., · ~:· .. · e. Wher~ !he pu_r~haser m:~9j\~s,1on1,11ltfj . : : unmn shocil.d:'..Qllil9-ge.1tsn~_~o~1~tor.betor:ebarga1.')1~g ~· 1h~ · .transferring . corpot~'Ji'~:.:.AA<\eva.de ... F •! can pr.oceed to the emJ?loyees' ~~ge and.be.n~_f1ts:1s r~si:io~sib}l\tY .to· barg·ain wit~ e.f11pJoye&s · 11;.a,t:l-.-jnst~~ce qt bad .ra,lth ~ar~ai~in_g b~c;.aus:e the· (sale m bao:.fc.~1t~); . . . ·. •-i!i!plied: · Hence, if Party A. i_nsists first :s~ttling 'a non<, . Agreement. (2 · AZUCENA, stipra:tit.:3#9mandatory subfeW befo(e·. _tackl.ing . ~ . mandatq_ry_·'. · ·-~39!), · : · · · · subject,.P.arty e may cqinplaih thf;!t Party.A's po${Ore · ~ · · · · · · · . is:: jus_t .: an excuse tO· avOld- bargaining .on lh8·. {:;' . l~ck, ~ni·ear~~t F{u\e {~i~k L~y· RliHng)_. '. . mandatory, es.senti~I subjects' of. bargaining';: tl:lus, r;s . Under this rule·; .the CBA propose9 by-the,uriion may · Party B can ch.arge'that Party.A is b~rgaining -in bad ~.~. be. imposed loci( stock and .barrel on lh_e' emP:!oyer faith 'or-' is evading bargaining oh·.. terms · and . who refused to. 'n'egotiate'·t;:1Ct;3A: The employer wlio . . c9n'ditions of _'.employme·nt...:....in· short:· :party· A is f. ' vjplates:. th~ _duty ··to. bargain._'collt:1ctiVely, -1.o~e!? its . ·.. committin$ ULP {2 At_uc;·ENA,·supraat:405).·.:. f : · statutory right.to· negoti'ate.pr· renegotia~e-the terms · · Note·:\ivhat the ;ure·torbicts -is t.he,postureof m·~J
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. ·...... . No petition questioning ttie·majority status of the incumbent b_argaining agen't shall be entertained and _no c_ertificalion el.ectfon shall be condueted by the . _ DOLE . outside the· ,60-day periap imtnediately prior to t~e expiratior'l"of such 5 y~ar term of the <;:BA. _ . . . . .. . . '· 2. With respect to all o_th~r provisions (e_conomic . arid . ·no_n-ec,onomia '• .ot_her '.. tha.n. · representatiqn~I), · of Jhe · CBA, it . shall - be renegotiated not _later than 3 -years after . its _execution'.(L/\BOR COQ~, Art 2'(,p).
· Deadlock does not mean the end of bargainfng: It sign~ls the need·to contin~e the.-ba_rgaining wi.th the assistance of a third pa~y. as conciliator or arbitrato'i·. · . who~e .first' aim is to gel the parties to negotiate (2 AZU.OENA;'supra at 407). .
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Re,ned.ies.. in : Case of a Deadlock· . in the Renegotiation of tl:te.CBA . The parties mayexercise the· following: (Nt,.SL) · · 1 .. · pall upon the MCMB to mtervene for the purpose · ·:·:of conductinq conclllatlon preventive mediation: 2, . 'Refer .the matter fpr voluntary ~rbitratiQn or · compulsory arbitration (D:O. No. ,40-'03, Rule · · -XX/I; Ser:;. f));" 0r: · · ' 3. Declare a. Strike· or Lockout· upon cornpflance ·:' ,: witt,l. the legal requirenients·. This:is the remedy . of last resort (/RR .of the LABOR·CODE; B'ookV, · ···Rule XXU, Ser.;. 7, a$'.arriei,qed by D.Q. 40~ ·-.
Freedom! Period. is the 60-day. pe~ipd immediately : preced!_i1g·fhe ~Xpiratidn·of the· represeniation period · of..5 yei:jrs in ~he CBA (2 A_Z.UCENA-,.supra at .J79).
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. Wt'rat. may be done. ·d~'ring, 60-~day·. ·freEiddm. . perl·od:·_(D1ET) ... · .. · . . . . . 03) ..-; . - · .. . · · : · .. , Jab()r. u~ion may _Dis8:ffiliate_ from· the_ mother . ., , ·· · · · · ~,._. · 'j ;· · "' · _ 'i:l_n1Qn to form a local ·ar mdependent union only . · Ge~iral Rule_:When;,t1J.er!3 is ·an ~xistjtief.'c8~4ti:i~ j'\/dqrin'f~~:;6o_~day fr~_ed?m. period. immediat~ly. · do~y to bargain. colle(?tive!Y· :shallt,1.~0~a.o_l1l,~t~=::=~,;ffeec~d[J;1~th~ ,?xpiratlon of the. -·CBA _ (2 . . neither . party shall terminate . mG;91!}!,1PSU.G_h . • . .'A~lt_eENIJ.\~IJPraat 207); . . . . . . ... .. a.. . agreement _during its _lifetime. l!r,1:r''tl'lftjJJ.JW,£..tbelh""-'T~~·b..J?~li\i'?b~for ·~-~rtif[cation'J;lec_tio~ may b.e flled · parties te: · ·. - . . · - . ''4s:_r' ~"'o· 'Lf' . · · · ·(2 at· ,2791· · • T--,,__.f a, ?ff 1!'J) "'if' . . "'-"'T · AZuG~MA~tc:u.ora c~S:'"' ·'!&'" ·1, · I• · - . - : .· · ·, '_1.·, 'Keep th.e sta.tus quo; and/' . -'':/_ · fil .. ir ·;a.\. E.ith~/ pa~( :can1setve _ a ~ritten. .notice to · . 2'.. ··To continue m the full fa~~-~ and;~ff(?ct.theterms· 'tl · · .. Ier . mate.\0~1fythe agreementat)e~st 6.O . and conditions.of the extst!!j~'GBA. .: P--.., ~ys ·.'Ptior\tg:..:.J.tfteipirati_on p~r-i:?ci ·(on. re.tr.;' #'.C:i)eg9t1~ble/n~>n~repr~se_nJ~tl9.~al aspect of .the __ .Exc.eP!•on: . .Dunr:i!J. th_e ~o d~~-Yt~~nod _e..\!.~r. to .~_t ·,"1'.JSJJJIJI'.,i::) . cs'fJ,~2-AZJ{1~eNp!~·',supra,,at .292). ·. expirc1:t1on, upon · service.. o · a...:.writlen1,n9.tit:e of- a>-~ · , - . J}o-i -- , · : - . , _ , · ·. , · , · · · . . · • • • l '\\1 ~.> \'.~.:..&e--~~~~·"· "f..:-,. ~·- •, 1.J • ' _ .:p~rty's in.tea~iori.~o -tei:rninaJ 1; Qr tn~ify -~\ar1~··.af. I !Jtf._uu_s '-~~~t~~n~ :··· .. · .. · . . . P.arty ·may. choose:.to. ter.mma.fl:):!'o~ i\iad1f%:~'lt(? ~}re--Ofo.Cu_rs a J~h!ft ,.n- the employees'_ urnol') rep~es~!1t'.3tional afpect_aof tf\-.CBA~\~}Y~!,l'Jf'-'1 . :_'·~:~f,iy~~e. -~fe(:·~~Je~ecu\i9n· .:of a_, collective · . expiration-qf·CBP._o~.Jixe.d Qurc1_~l0Fr·(l:At~pf:? ~~1t11ngl'co_ntr~t··-~.w1t!'• _ t_he · empl~Ylj!r, ·: _the, . Art._ 264). · · · . . :_. ·. ..,~ · -\,~ Yjf}~ (;_a~·c.h,~nge_.t~Erir.agent.(the'la.b_O[u_n.1on); _ . .. • · , · - .. ". . ~· . . ~" ,~--~~f)?e~cQV,~1~,,bargammg:.contract_.v~h1ch1s sJ1II Automat.1c_~e~ewal. ~la use·· . ,,~iS.Yl-~~='!~sls~~~J.~~tmuf;ls:to blnc(t~·e.employees.:UP tc:>- its·. ':,__.Th.e. CBA_ shal.1. -re_mc!.in_effective a.rid ~e-t1t.9~{ble · p-)f :l~{~J~tt~,l:late; :r~ey i:nar: ho.~ever,_~argain for the ... eve? aft~~ th~ ..exp1rat!on·:of_ the l.)er.i?.~ fi~e·ct,:tt~".)_e J5.-_li._J:stio.~emng pf sa1q ex_p1rat_1on d_ate.· - · · · · :. parties. as long as---nonew-agreement 1s reach_ea·:oV'~"'_...,.... . . . . 'theij,; (LA~OR ¢0Dl:;;.Arl; 261,)... · ... ~ ·_i" ' The: emplq'yees cannot r.evoke' tl')e"vafidiy e~ecµted -~ · · --- · · ,· · colf~Uve.bargainihg cohlractwifhthefr employer. by . . :'Rea~~~-:: To -~void.. 'or· pre~ent .a. situ.ation Wh~r~: the·- siinple . expedient. o( c;_tia.nging :their bargainihg .. collective bargaiAing·agre:einenl .a·li would. govem · agent .T_he·· new .agent. j:rn,.1~t respect. the ·contract . . betwe.en.the employer- comp-ariy-and its .erflploy~e$-. (E3engqe.(t:;ari~olii:;la(ed;.'/n~.-·y.Sci'.E1J1ploye.es.-and . :· :Worker.~.Uni0n-PAi=J:.O, G.R. No.; l.-2471-1; Apri!:30,. · - : 19:68). ·. - . ··, .. · . . . .. . . . 'Note: The Aut~matic Renewal j'Jertains .:~nly to ·th~ econ.omic ·provisions of-·~he CBA ~nd·.does ncif.-: to·1ts--App1i~~u~~- :.. . include representational aspect qfthe CBA'(PtcoP . Resources, Inc: · v. ·· Jjequill;:1; G. R:. · ;No.- 17?666; . -l_t ca"nnot be:-.invol$ed'to.support the c;ionteritionJhat a· o~cem.be~ 7;:2011). :. - ·,. . _:_-· · !']ewly · . certified·.· .co_llectlv~ .... batgaining ·. agent automatically assumes alllhe, persoRal'undertakings A~TICLE · -2ss:· i-ER~s .· _oi= ·.,-A ·:·9oi.:LecTivi ·. of the former. agenl - ·like the "rio strlke. clause" .in the E}AR_GAINl!"!G AGREEMENT .(CPNTRACT _BAR . CBA executed by· t.he latter· (BenguetCoilsoltdated, RULE.)·.· · ·: ·. _ - . . . ·, ; . · . ·... · .: 'Inc. v. BCJ Employees FJnd Work~rs Union-PAPLU; Ouration of the CBA . . .:. . . . . G:R." No. L~?47d1,~ ~prfl 30;. . . 1968).. . · . 1. .With. r~spect to the· ·represen~ation aspect,. tti~ .. ,same lasts for·s·years._· · · · · ·
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because the date agreed upon shall be the start. of the period of agreement (Manila E/ectronic Co. v.. Quisumbing, G.R: No. 127598;· January · zr, 1999)., . ' . . .
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Nbte: .Art. 265 -on ·relroactiori does notapply if the provlslons were imposed by' the Secretaryof Labor by virtue of arbitration. Itapplies only if the -.agreement w~s voluntarily made by the parties .'(St.' Luke's Medical Center, tnc:v. Hon. Torree, G.R. N.o.·99395, June 29, 1993). ·
last 60 days : of ,th~ "Notice ; period" .. for CBA's· 5th' year 'of the. renegotiation· . of an representational aspect expiring, CBA; refers Jo modifying .. . · 0( renegotiating · the CBA , 'p,rqvisions other' . than : . repr.esentatjon~I. . also ' caned: ' . ''.'economic, .
.Parties may ~gr:ee on. the· s.uspe.ri~ion.of their· .. CSA for a certain period .. ··· . ·. · , · .. ·· .. · Art. 265 cif the Labor Code has a 2~fol.ci"purpos~: · 1. · Promote industrial stablllty · and , predletabllity; .. .and · · . · ·· :". 2. Assign specific timetables wherein negotiations .. become matter of right~ and requirement .
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.,., <7t'°' . . Nothing ·the'rein prohibltsthe parties from waiving· or.':
· . . .._: ERis_not a pa'ity ..' ER.. .ls a. P.~rty .';;.,-, · 0'' ·-· ,ii\ suspe_r.iding·.thernandato ry tlmsta bles andaqreeinq '--~-'------.,.--'-'---,.------;-,t'.. ,.f~':.,;,._;,~,\;; on t~~ rerneclies·t9.enfo(ce the sflm~_(Rive.rav. Hon.
(2 :(l.ZUCENA,supra 'et 493): . lj f, ,· ,,,;J Espmtu, G.B,.No. 135547, January23, 2002).· . . ·· · · ~ ,,~·•>,A;un~.~,;-/;..~ .s: ,l . . - . _..,. .. · · Economic ~r,ovision.smay_Jnclude_: . ~,:j:-;f. ~:YJ1r--·~·'ri!6ti?i.:~_i(~tenti~~ to terminat~,am~n~ or alter 1. _ Wages m9,:ea_ses, ·, the pro~1s10!.\!~l~f th; CSA ~hall be filed ~1th~n the..602. Loan· benefits, .. , \;·\J(.·. .}.,-~~ · . day period,{irgm~d1~tely_pnor to the. expiration of the 3. Bonuses; · _ · °A!,f i''~:l ,. );) ·CSA (LAE,l!J~.(!QDE!Art. 2q4). . . . 4. Allo:"'ances; , . ,;,-;_/..... f'!,! '. ·. ,i.. 'l{ ( \,' . · · ,; 5:" Retirement Plan; and . /£,:' · e,.... . A .i'''l Procedl!l're·tor Registration· ' · ._ · ' . W,t ."6'... other-fri!].ge. benefits. ,, '"?"1«,:r,;,~~l>\- . ~-~:. 1.:· STI6'ffi»ssi~n'o'r~op-ies of the CB'A.to .th'e 13LR ·or. - . .~ ..o ·\1 "':.Z~ \.. "'.l;..•" •• ,.~:ft-li.-.~;..;r . ,i,v.~·~.\ · ,;:-.:;~·, t!f ~ thEl reg_iQr.ia,k0ffrcesof_DO\:E with1~";30_days from Non~E~onom1c ~ro'-':1s1on~may·.~·~!~~'.'-!/\ /I ,eXE;QUll<;>n, acpomp_~n1edb_Y th? following:_ . ~ 1. Urnon Si:icunty cJaus~s1 ..- . . . . \0, '.' 'i •. • . . ~:~,,,...:.~a,. V_enfied proof of posting 1n 2 ·c9nsp1cuous .;. ·. 2: Labor-managf;:!ment codp~rat1or:i s9J:!~1'!_'~··... '·. .)w.iu '.·;;;.,.·,~.Rlapes· in the place of work; and . 3. Griev.ancewo~e'dures'.·and. . · . ·~~')f ·. ,/!~!»'t.!"'.'"··. '-'-lt·!~:.:.veFified · proof of mtif.ication by the majority ~: · ~- . othei,r: P;ov1s1o~s,, witho~t . m~\1fary./Y.~.ue· .. : .ofalf.the workers in the bargaining.-unft;. < · ~~ ·:, (Economic_:P'9.v1s1ons ot,"<;ol~f;Cti~e~~!fJ!f_nll:7g. 2; . Actio'nupon the_applicatio~ for·r~g\strationwithin ~_ . flgreemefl0ts Jn .bzo.2160.,18.;,h,ltpp,n_e ~Stat1st1c~ · .,. 5 calendar d~ys. from rec;~1ptther~of; . · · Y',?.: .. Authority, ecem. er' . ~: . . ,.: ··. 3... The'·r~gional.offic.eshall fl.lrnisn {he,BLRwith a · · · ··copy of the .QBA · within 5 days ..Jroi:n its i~-'.. ,.. . ffectivity.. an.d-·Retroactiv.i~,.H>of ·other· i;conomic. · · · · subm1ss100; . . .· . . ·. . t:. ~·PiOViS~.Ons.b(the·C~A.~·.·7.... . ... -.': .. ·. . .4: The f?LR J>r. .'regiona.1 ',office shall.. ~s~ess.the 1. If CSAis the very first for ttie barm:1iningunit,: the employer'tor evE;)ry_CBA, ·a regist~ationf~e of not. · ·parties liave fo·decide the·C'E!A's effectivitycfa1te;· less than ·P1 ,ooo·. or ~n;:. ·amoµnt. deemed · 2. ,.'Those made within. 6 .months 'aft~r the da.te,' Qf. a'ppropri~te·l:>y'the Se.ctetar'y'of.L"'bor;" : · · . ·expir.y of the · CBA are . subject to c1utomatic 5. . Issuance:. of Certificate Registratic:i!i, (I.RR:of ,, rf;:!trOacticin to · the .d,ay immediately ·following . the. LABOR . CODE, Book V; Rule XVII, as ... such.date ot:e)(piry: .. :. . . .. . . ':amendedby D.0. No. 40~03). - ·
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· 3: · Tflose conclud.e'd after .6 months:frol"(l expiration of·tne old CBA. 'the··parties ma}' c,1gree on the date of refroaction. This rule applies only. if there is an existing. agreement. If there is no. existing. ·agreemenf, there 'is no retroactive·· effect
. Not~:·.Registration·af the CB~ is not'a re~uisi.te for . : its .va.lidity. The. certification of {he CBA. by the SLR · i~ hot'reqi.Jired to put a. ~tacnp of .validlty to such . contract.. Onqe._it is· dqly entered Jnto.:and: sfgned by, . the..parties, ·a" csA l!e.comes effeptiveas between . the. parties regardless of whelher. or .riot the .same· · . has ·b~een .certified by .the BlR (Liberty Flour· Mills. · · .' Employees- y. Liberty Flour lyfills, lne., G.R. Nos. 58768-70, December.29, 1989). ·
2019 SAN SEDA LAW CENTRALIZl::D BAR OPERATIONS I 115 ·
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LABOR . R.E.LATIONSSAN 8EQA°'i:Aw.c£NTRAl1ZfD ~R O,PERATIONS - MEMORY AID' 2~19,
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.Jurlsdlctlon to tssue Iniunctions ·. General Rule: Regula~ courts are without. authority · to- issue 'injunction orders in cases 'involving 'or - . originating from tabor disputes. even if the complalnt was filed.. by.' non-strlklnq employees and -the · .employer-·-was made a .· respondent: To· hold otherwise-is 'to sanction splitting ofjurtsdlctton which is obnoxlous to 'the orderly .administration -of justice .
'ARTICLE 266:·INJl:.INCTION PROHIBITED· . General Rule: No _'temporary 'or permanent inju,nc~idnor. restrairi)ng· order .in any .case involving '. or growing out of labor disputes shall beissued by ·• . any~· court or other. 266}'. . . ,,entity (LA80R ·. . CODE, Art. .
· Except.ion~:.: : . '1. ."fo · enjoin or restrain any actual -or threatened commlsslonof any or-allprohibited <>(unlawful· (Af)do .v. cempo, 'G.R, No .. 18,4007, Fe'l>rliary 16,' · · 201~~ . acts cir to require the performance of a particular , act'.iA · any labor dispute which;."if 'not restrained or : performed .forthwith', ; may cause . g,rave . or : Exception: A reqular court may issue 'injunction to lrreparabte . da'mage :· to ~ny 'party .: or': render protect.the. interestof neutral· employers in common ineffectual any. deoston-Jn favor. .of SU.Ch party situe picketing,'..prQVJ~ed'the injunction. does . not in. (LABO,R pODE, Sec. 22f5(e)); an1:l' ,. · · · .a.fly. wa,y curtail theriqhtof theunlon to..str_ike and/or·· ·.z. · Wf:lei:1, in tlie· opinion of ·~ecretary'of Labor 'and picket (Repqblic FlourMii{wo;kers."A$soc.y, ·Re}'es,' ·Emplpymerit,: there ... exists a labor. dispute ·.:. ··. ·c;.R.:No. l·-21-378, November 28, 1966r . . :causing or likely 10'· cause a.strike or lockout .!n' ·. . ... , . . . . . . . . . ~n. · indµstry .. i_n~ispen.saol~: to: the-.. nat!~~L...-r.1.,.-~~I:.:.ln ca~.~s of _strikes/~lcke~ing; third parties or . interest, theSecretary.ofl::abPl~f§ec.. . . · ~~~.' " ·. ,1~, · - '. · · : : . . · 1
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.Nol~:-·~:/ ~~~m.issio~ ~sh~· B~ilGAt.~iNG ·. ·.. issue tempor~ry restraining 6.' 9ers ir{such 1,ases ltEi£~E§ENTATIVE · · · · only att~r due . n~tlc~ ~nd~z elf=ini,t A~y,;ex-'jFan.e-. ·1ru1-"- ·-:-~~ 1· ' • \'.' • _., ?i · · ·. .· . . .· ·. . . : res~ainlrig.ord.er·1ssu~d·_b~ ttfe..Qc6:mm1ss1on,.or;Th-'~~~! r, p ff, . ~ ' .. ?ha,rm~n or-V~ce-Qha1rma wQfr.e~.the cori=li:n1ss_~~.zaf,ft~T°f<;;lf,~-f6't:~=~CLUSIVE. BAR<;;AININ'G ts. nqt .,.n. s!,lssion, shal, beJ if°ahd, ,~or no~<:::SEP.R~~-~~:tA]ION· ', ·.AND . · v,'lORKER'S · (?xceed_ing 2.0 days (/RR oftl~fr·L'rft~ R.~ffhi _O,@!n,'."nd ,t !~ 1ri.c:qrrectto saY. th~t R.eason:· lnJunchon ·contradtcts-~~he ~on~t,t~l!..c@f~Effit~~e~!.Ye.... w~.ich,;~e.cures~~du'$trt~1 demoi::ra.sy.is .. · pre~erenc_e for·. vol~~tary. - .mo{les . ~fr-~~gill~---c--9}~\?-~}.Yf·!J~.r.g~jj11)1g:and· .n? ,<;>tti~r..'~a(js. why·f'rt. settle~en_t. :' , .... ·: .· -~·-IS}u"'."'~.,,...-~q<·fSf€8Jld ..tsen.t,=mc1::, reserv~$ .. tt:ie. ng,ht_ o~ _an \J1!.'}ff!~~1~Uj[7employe~or group -o.t .em8lo1ees .. : T~e follo~in·gar,e.a~thC?r1:z;ed·to 1s~~uemJ~~~l:t~ • _!t{§~iarlf.zed.o~ un-unio_~tz~d. o~. i~~ide• or.. 9.~t.side a.. ,. i;>r i:estran11ng otc!ers: ·. : . , . - . . . .· · '. · .u.rnon) .to .:present gnevaf!Ce$ ., to. their· employers . ·1.-- :N!-RC. (LABOR CODE; ,!'Vt 225};. . -. · ·. · ' attyti.me.(2-A,ZUCENA, supra 456-497). . ,., . ·z .. Presldan·t- ln-cas~ aflabordisp1,1te in ir:idustrjes · · · ·· · ,. - ·. W.hich are 'indisp·en.sabie-' fo. national ,interest· : l;x_tert· 6f ~h~ ._°\Vorke~s· )~·1.Q~t·_to. Parti'cleate in' · .' (LABOR-CODE, Art. 278 (g)); and ·.· · · · .. ·. · Policy a_n~..Oecislof:l~fylak!:1;19'Proc.esses ..... · 3. · Secre.tary·:...::in..c~~e Of l;:ifior d)spute in ..itidustries . · ... Such right refers .only to pai:flcip,ation ir:i grievance . which are indisperisabie to riational interest, the . proceaures,qn_d voluntary modes of settling di~putes ·.·secretary :may assuf\le.· jurisdiction· ·oyer . the . -and not ..to torrnuiatio.n,·of corporate 'programs·and · .. dis·p.ute.or·_c.ertify .tl'\~ ~atrle:.-tp, t~e cor:nm!.s.~ion ·: ~ .. policies (2Azi.JcENA, .. supra:at 45~). ··... . . . . ,for c:;ompulsory ~rbitr'!:ltion: Such a.ssumpt1on· or . · · . · · ·., certification.shan have..u:ie ette·c~ of.automaticany. ·.: · . o.ne-unio~•. _ aa-c·orripanx-·..P.oiicy · -~·rovides that- · . " ·~nj.oining tl:ie intended o~ impending *ike,. lf'one:.. tlie pro'literation :of ·ul"!i(?ns .in ai, employer::u·nit. is .. has already take~_place, all sttikln9 <;>r '?~ked_ o_tJt . · ... di~couragec;I as .a ,matter ·of _policy unle~s: there .aJe. .. employees shall 1mmedlat~ly_retum to work and . . corn_pelling· 'reasons. whic;:h would deny a certain .. . the empl?yet. sh~II : imme'C:llatelY. . n:fadmit . · ·. class. of empl<;>yees the- r!ght 10 self-orgariiz~tion. for · · emplpyees· . arid' resum,e, operations· . (LABOR ... · , '·. purposes collective bargaining (J:llilfi~nco Service '· ·.. CODE,-Art. 278.(g))._ ·. . , · Enterpri~es v. .'BLR,. G:R. No. 85?4'3, June 28,' 19£#9).
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Exceptions: 1 .. Supervisory ~mployees·who are aliowed to _form · . tl:ieir own union·s apart -'from the ran.k-and-fil'e employees; and . . . . . . . · 2. The policy should yield to the right of el'l')pioyees· . to. tor~ unio'os 'or associalions for. purposes 'not · · contrary to law, self-organizaHon··and to. enter · ,.into colle.ctlve·t;,argainlrig n·egotiatlons (Barbizo.n. 'PHL' v. 'Nagkak_ais1;mg.'Supervisor ng Barl)izon,.. etc:,. ·G.R .. No: 113204-0.5,_.September 16, ·19~6).
Excl:uslve Bai:gaini.ng Representativemeans any . l_egitlmate labor organization duly recognized or · certified as -the sole and exclusive bargaining representative or agent of. ,rU?tn;ie~'. .. .. . . · . Tb~ ·lpt?c>r organiz~tion. is a represemf~.U£e·of thy··1... d. J.91~~anty in the qu_al1fic~t1ons, sk1lrs and _:.collective ~r'nployee&, ·out this facta!b'heL'tfp,:as' i{ t~~m'Rg of the employees;· . · . . . mean that an employee. can· 9,~f(enly.tn.tpugh ti),~ . ':~ . · jl' · Fife~l\enp.y of· c~nt_act or, 1nterctian~~ represe_nt!31iVe.. An ·individuj:lt,.;._o/flp[Oy"_fr~ has :a':\·. ,¥ : _a,ron9<1th·~empl~}'.~es; . ·.' .pers?n~I · right. to. handle own..,,..srJllvall'e.6ft'. 1.,._1_ ~;~·~~~~~tJ;cpr?x1m1ty;. _ . unassisted· by any. represen~fo,e (7-,~.:J.ZVCEtsrA )· !'~:· . -g~.t'~q~1;11:11ty._ or. integration of production . si.tpra at 458). ·. ~-'t:v-6A~5, ... · · ]/ · · Proces~es; . , ·.. . . . . · . .. · . '. ·. · : · \~.,_. _t1\ ' : .,[.T.. .,· · ... h... Common su~er:v1s10~ and_deten:runation, ·. · · · · · · · . . . "t;:~~j . · _; "'.,t",!J:,·i-~ pf, laboMeJ·ations policy; : · · . · • ·· . · .. tj,rf ·- . · · ·:~'- .:...,:.'~!'.::,.~~1';!:)Hjstoryof ¢ollectiv.e bargaining; . · · · , .': DETtRMTN'ING·TH~ .. ·{{/': . ·. · ·: .} Desires.<;>ftne af!ected empl~ye~s; or . · BARGAINING k,. Ext~nt · of union 9rgan1Zijt1on (2 · · · . . . ·~, · .. AZUQENA,. supra _at 460-461): · . . ·
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s·argainl.ng· u·nit is a:.group of employees'.of a given employer, co'mpri.sed.of all or less .than··all th~ eritire. . bqi;i'y of u:ie. e'mployees;.·wt,fch, co11·s1stenf with -eq~ity · . to the .employer; indicate to: !)e. best suited to. s_erve · ·.'. th\he~lprQcal rights and· 'duiies of. the· parties u'nder . the coH.ective bar.ga!ning prOyisi.on the.Jaw (/RR_ of. the. LABOR .CbDE, ,Sook .V, Rufe·/, Sec .1(d), .as. a-,rfendfid PY D:o: No. 4<J.:O~). . . . · .. . .·. . 'ARTIG-LE. 26ij:. REPRESENTATIOtf' IS$UE · IN t. · ..ORGANIZED ESTABLISHMENTS · ~: . 0
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.... i=>ieference .. i!? giv~n. in tli~ . appiic~tio'n of.' the · ·G_ommuni!Y of lriterest Doctril")e·.in _dete~rnining ·; . ..the_f1ppr.oprjate ~argai~_ing unit. _. .... . .·
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.Note.::Geiog·;~phl~aiiocatlon· cart be: co~pletely· · . .dfsregarded'if tt,e commi,inal·or'mutual j~tere$ts'· · · of the e·mploy~e~are not sacrificed (San Miguel : Corp.· Stipervfsbrs fJnd·. Exempt ·Emp/pyees . Unio.n v.. Laguesma, G.R,. No. ·1·10.399, August" . _15, 1997).__: ·. · • . · .: · . . . · .. · .
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2 .. Qlobe· Doctrine. - based. on .the_:exPress .will:_or . desire ·of th_e,employe_es. . .· .· . . . . ... •' !n defining 'th~ ap.proprla~e .bargc!ining unit for . purposes . :of collectlve . b,:irgair.iin'g, th~ determining factor is the .desire of. the workers · themselves. (2 AZl,.l.CENA, sup!J1 at 169-467)
.. 2019 'SAN BEDA LAW
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Foreign-hired teachers do 'not- --belbng · 10 the. bargaining unit.of the.Iocal hires because the former have not indicated their-intention to be · grpupedwith the latter for purposes of .collective · · .. bargaining. .A,itho·ugp foreiqn-hlres.: perform · . ··s'ii,~iiar functions· under the. same · ~orkln·g ·. condttlons <;1$ the locat-hires; foreign-hires are accorded. certain. benefits l")ot granted -to localhires. (/n(e.rnationafSchool A1lianc~~of Edu<;ator~. . v. Quisurribing, G.R, No.--128845, June.t, 2000).. ~ .. .
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. ._( .........._s_E_._B_A_C __E_R_. T_I_F_I_c_A_T_'J_o_: N __ __. 'iloluntary_Rec~gnltion , It js th-~ process whereby the employer recognizes a labor· cirganizaUon as the exclusive bargaining representative of the employees in 'the ai?propri,ate bargaining . unit after .a showing that tile labor org·aniza_fionis supported by at )east a majority of the ·· employees in the bargaining unit (/RR of the LABOR' .. ·cOD.E, Boote V, "f:?u/e t; Sec. 1(bbb); as amended-by D.O. No.. 40-.03). .
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longer altowed, . .c .... Probatlonaryernployee.. ·. . . D:0. No. 40•1-15 has alreadyrepealed and replaced . : _-· . :: . · ' · , . ·... the rules on voluntary recognition·i.n D.0: 40-03 with Pie~~ i,vo~!<ers.~°:ployed on casual or day t? day the· rules· on- R~uest for Sole and Exclusive basts basis for · ·. .. · A gen· t (SEBA. ) . c e· rtif'rca Iiion (0 . o.. N o, 40 · . who · . do · not have reasonable. · . fi . 8 argammg continued 'or renewed e~ployment ror };JJY.~-"---",~'N;Sec 3) · . . · · appreciable t(m·~, ca_nnot_be c?nslde_r_~~:1av~ ir J" ·\ ,~~ ·. .. . .· .. . . . , . _ ~uch _mu!~aht~ .oLmt~~est. as_- ~~1fYpt.~~tr:_.t Jss.~-f'"~,it.!f"~ationis the pr~ces~. ~h.ere_!)y th~ . mclu_~_ion -, in a _barg~1ning. ul'lw.,:e~po~~~-~"~Q€lk:~. r~F09,yz~.~.:a . labor organ12:at1ori . as . tbe perman_~nt or: regular ~rnp1oy..e1:r~ -(P,h1f1ppme--.~ _. ~x<,lusrv,~. !>ift~~!(H119 representativ.e bf . the Land-Au:- ·s_ea Labor UmorJ/il: ~~l_i$AG:c{f;))J.0,-.-f=:f - ·11, ~j)I_QY-!;le~g°'ti)~ J'" ~·pprop_riate bargai;Jing unit (2 · _ 14656. November 29; 19.6@")1 .f lo) _ ~z.UCEi:yA swp.rXat'SqsJ.. .. . . · .. · · b. :. Seasonal; .and
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Note:_- !he ~x~s.\en~e~o/ 1~.fn'?'¢.>.?'~;vi:'i.J '$'"} · · · ibhs~_rT)fJ1h~s,•;-unor~_?ni:zed _with_ .only· 1·barga_ming h1s.tory , ts \:_e,t11e ~de~r~., ?.. ~ • tep·labor' f.'organizat,on.. m existence.,. · concJ4si~e in the d~~-r·i:ni.na·qn :;-a . ,.· . % el_f'·. e ~!fall. ~11 . i.confereriqewithii')·5.workin.9 co_n.stitutesan "!PPr?pdate -~ar~~in Q-U~t..,t ~ n \~,Vj.r~;l'ysf~lhe su~~ission of the fa!loyJlng:· , · . M1guef:Corp. v;L.ague~ma:V~- R.. ..,..Jfie r:ia_me,tof em_ployel:ls 1r ·the covered _Septembftr 21; 1994~ ~ .. · ·. ,.' . .)A ..._~:,_~ba'("g9.injpg·unit_-.wh_o'sigt,ify their s.uppoi:t for . · · · · .. ·_:_ . · . · .· , , . ,~//);'~-==;~~ ·-\\:'t~\.:91,ffiA Certi_~icati,;m; pmVided.,t~at_ the. . Wtiat -are th~ .m~tn.ods to .. dete ·. ,_!n'el_ifhe ... j\ Af /~.~ --~~ef'ernployeescomprise.at least maJontyof · : : barga(niog r:epres.~ntative?··. ·'. ·, .': ·· ~ , L".I 11..I'~e r;iumber ·of employ~es _.In" the- covered·· ~TI)e 111ethpds· . of determining tt~e ·bargain[~.· · qargaining·unit; 13nd. · · ·. · ~ · · .. represent.itive aret ·cse~RR~)'" . · . . . ., . . . . . t;,: Certification under oath by 'th~ presigent of, · · : · 1._--_Re~~estfor§.EB~_-(P.9.,~p._ 4Q:+·_1f5, RLi/&Vll); · . ·. th_e requesting ·uniori .of, l9c...al th~t -~~I. 2. Cert1ficat1on election {IRR of the-LABOR CODE, .. doctJmer.its.-submilted, are true arid .~orrect · Book V. Rtile· VIII);:· ." · . · ·. . ·. ,.. ·base1:fol'l his/heq>ersonal:knowtedge (b, Q. · 3; .Bi.11:i-off electi9n . (/RR bf 'th.a·. U.BOR. CODE, ·. Nq. 40.~I~15,'.Rule· Vil, Seq.' 4)· .. · ·.· .
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The submission S~aii ·be· pres~rn~sJ- t9 pe true and ccirreet. unI.ess ·contes.ted:under :qath by any.ine.mber qf tlie oargqining,Linit: dtJring the validatiQn .conference. Fo·r thi~ . .· purpose." the·etnpfoyer o(any"repre.se'n.tative . · of the errii;,loy~r shall 0"9t be :deeri-1ed a p~rty-: ·.). in-interest but 'only. as a . bystander to . the . . process-.pr'certification.' ... , . . . . . . . . : ' _·If the. :requesting. ·uniq~ . or .locc:!1- fails Io . complete the· . requirement$ for. Sl;:BA cedmcation .q_uring ·the. co_nferenc~•. the . Request should· ~e referre_d.to the ·Ef!"lction- ··
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. The certificate of registration as· duly certifiec;l_by . the. preside_nt of the requestjn_g union or: the ~ertjficate of creation· of chartered local as.-duly certified by. the president 'of !lie federc1tion 'of the local shalt be atta'ched to the request (D.6.- No.·· 4.0~1~1s, Rule V/1,.Sec. 2). · . ·
Offi~er. for the conduct of certification .election (D.O.:"No. ·40-1-·15, Ruie VII, Sec. 4). 2 .. Action on · the .submiss.lon
when SEBA
C~rtificati.oh st,oul~ be issued. ..->
!f. th~ .: DOLE Regional: _"o)rectpr · finds that requirements: complete, he/she. should {ssue, 3. Action on the request by the ReqionalDirector · . dur.ing·the:cpnference,.a··~ertificatioh as sEaA . ·shall oe.madewithm 1 day from the receipt of , enJoyi_ng.the rfglitsand pri_vileges of an excluslve the same. The Regionai Dlrector shall': . .: . "bargairting -agent · of. all the' employees·.irdhe a. Dsterrrilne whetber: the· request is compliant . d'b a~gammg.uni . . lt .·.. . · .. .. with the requirerne nts· and whether :the' · . cove-re . . . bargainirig uoft sought to be: represented rs The D:OLE ..'Reglo~al _Dfrector should cause the .organized,or not;" and .. . · . . · ·· . posting : of-: tb~. SEBA Certification for b. Request a copyof the payroll tor purposes ·. · .Gon~ecu~ve days .·ii) -at feast . 2 conspicuous ' of S~SA Certification. · ·1 .places : in t_he · -establishrnent . or .covered · · · · · · ·. · · · · . pargaining ·uflit(p.O.' No: 40-1-15. Rule VII, Sec: . If the request is deficient, the _Ri:lgionaf Direi.;tor. · .4_ 1) .... :.. . . · . ·.·. · . .· . . shalt advise ·the ·re.que$ting :union' or local to· . . •'. . . . . ~~ ·~c:i"mply wit_hin _:1.0_· davs -frorn notice .. ~ailurn "to . Request for certification in· unorganiz~~r/tr . comply therewith _shall ,be deemed a withdrawal· 1, esta~lishm~nt· ,with more thah· ·one ·_1egitin;i~,f?(( ._":·: . of t~e request io.o. No. 40-1-15, Rufe- VII, ·Sec. · labor orgamzabo~ : ·. ·. · "\-cv: .... ;;..\ ... 3). · . . . . . . lf tl:!? · -~OLE_•. Regi~n_al· Di_rector firids ')N'~;·:::;.::1.--:;~l~enr,qt,i,est·is sufflclent, the Regior:,al Director est~~hshrnent . unor~am~ed with more ~tJan... t\ ./f f,.;"":;.....;.;.._s.tif!!l;Js~~du~ng the conference a certlncation leg1t1mat~ labor org~rnza~on, he/she sh~y~qJefer th,e,~ [,i . . . as SEBA(~pjoying 'the rights and privileges of an sa~e .l~ · the ElEjct~on Officer ·for t~1fo,c::9nduct o.f'; __~ .exclu~i'!~~~rgaini_ng_.age_nt-of all the employe~s · cei:t1ficati~pelection (D.O. t;,Jo. 40-1-15,'JF.:.';:!lif.._.'(~I,S~c.,... of _the,.j'bl;l.fY~ini!J9 .~nit. ,The_ Re!;!(~nal Director_ .. 5)._ . . . ·. ·· ;Af)3>' J~t~/'-;1 . ·H · . $halt ;-~_lsg., ~IJ~!=l. the. posting 1.n at lea.st 2 · . ·: .· ,. . . . ,/%.. · )""- ~"' -.-~ j"l~ · con~{.{ict1?,\J6 ~la~s i11 tpe establi,shm~nt or -Reqt,ie.st .. ~Qf c~rbficatl_q~,::;> ·~ -i:~[ganiz~d~ t:_:{ ~s.x.#r~-~a.m_a"if)J.Oci unit, (D,O. No. ·40.1-1_5, Rule esta~hshment · . · =-~..:'.'.r,-} ~·~ !,.~.1 . l1Jf:i.S"l:ir:,.~4.~~fJ .• 7 . · .: . · · ,. If .. the· QOLE· · Regional · Di,r~cto~,J,j_"l;[email protected] ct~;~ , ..'-~~-!.!'..~~'.·~~ ·. ·· . establish·ment:.c;irganized,· he/she<s~.QJJfd·"{e~er t'}~ r,i/ ·~ffe_ct of ~EBA Certification"' . . . same lo the·Medlatot~Arbit~cfor:Jh\:)~t~.nnrif..tion. of_ l·{1T.UP.9.n. the· issi.Janceof the qertification as· SEBA; the th~ proprjety _.o.f' conducijn9 ~ · c~rtifi~~.ci.~,e~cti?:J-.../~,..;,:;~~:(tlfieIL~JllOr:!or Jocal.shc!lt enjoy ·all' the rights.and . (D.O. Mo:·40-1-15, Rule'V/1, Sec. 6). £.:(-1; · p./-~-.L•'-pri,;,!r~ges·o!a~ ex_cl~~iv~·oarg~i~i~g ag~nt of_.all the . : , . . · · · · .... ·. . : ' . · !i.,4" ·£.{\'J._.. - empiqyees:in the·~overed barga1r11ng.urnt. .. Prbcedu·re in·~eque_st.for SEBA_· ert~fic~t.l~= · · · · · ·. · 1. Where,to Fife . , . -~: · . _The ·certification ~hall .al.so par, the.filing of a'peiition Any~·legjtlmate "'labor organ129tior'I may, file. a for certification'~l.ection by any'Jabor organiz.afion for. • request fQr · Sl=BA c;ertificatioi, . io the : Regioila~ a _Period-of 1 yearJorr\ the:c,late of its rssuance, (D.O: '· .:' Office-which issu·ed its certificate·.of registn,ition No. 40-1-.15~Ru~e /,. Sec .. 1:2). .·. , . . . · . or..certifica~e.of:creatiqn o(chartered. Jocal (D.O. . · · · ·· · ·No·. 4p./~15, R,illfJ_'VII, Sec. 1).. . .
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2.. Requirements . .. . . . ·. ··,:t,freqµest.l;)hall indicate: (NO-BES)·'. .... )1:: The Nam~ and addre.ss of the. req·uesting· . · ·. · ·. Legitimc!te l.abor organization; .. ·· ... : b. The ·name .and adtfreSl:i of-"1he company. where it Qp.erates; . . . . Th¢.· ~argairi_ing unit.···. ~ought ·to .be ..... repres~n~e~;.· : . ·... . . d. The approximate. number of gmployees in · ·: _the bargair1ing ~nit;.and .'. .' e: The . Statement · of · tbe . existence/non- · existenri~.~f Ot"iadabbr organ;zatlons/CBA •.
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· .:· Certifica.tiori.Ele~tion is the proc~ss of det~rmiri\ng, throug!..-. sec~et ballot tli'e' sole and . exclusive rep"resentativ.eof the errlploye'es in :an appropriate · bargaining unit for purpos~s of'collective bargaining · 'or negotiation. (IBR;Of .the LABOR- COOE, Bocik V, R-1.fle I, Sec 1 (h), as amended by D. 0. No-.· 40~03). Un.ion. Election . is hel.d ·p.ursua~t' to the union'sc'onstitutiori ancj by-laws, and tlie. right to vote 'irfit is ~njoyed or1Jy· by uniciri mem.l:ierq(UST Faculty _Union I(. Bitonio, G:R No .. 13-1235, Novf!mber 16,' . . . . . 1999) ...
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-appeal has been filed from the order of the MedArblter c~f1ifying the results of the election, the ·. running of . the one-year: period· shall be suspended until the decision on the appeal bas . become final and executory; .. Whein:tt1e.du1y.certifiecf union has ~ommenc~d .and .sustained,negotjations-in good faith with the employer -in accordance with Article 261 of the Labor Gode· wjthiri -the one-year period. referred to in the immediately precsdlnq paragraph; . 3. When · _a .. bargaining. deadtock -to which· an. The right . to vote;· is- All employees whether .. incumbent qr· certlfled bargaining agent . ls a-: .enjoye_d ohly ·by union. union or. non-.unio(! party had- been §.ubmi"tted:· to. conciliation or .. members.. members 'who belong to . arbitration cir hadbecome the subject of.a valid· · ·· the . . ~ppropriate notice of strike or lockout; .· . . . ba~g~inirtg unit cah .;ote: 4. . When ... a . collectlve . bargaining agreement .between the employer and a duly reeoqnlzed .or. :_·· certified.hargaining aqenthas been _Begist_ered Winners become The winner , ··-i2;.,c.,.t:3" accordance w!th Artlcle 23~ of jne' l,._a~or . officers . . . arid certification.' ~J§l.Otio~ is U· .. J . 'ti; ,.,ea(;l~,. _ Wh~r_e ~uch co_Ue~tlv8:.. barqaininq ' 'represeritatives .. of the an .entlty, a 1:ffliOIJ·, Jlhj_ch . : a~r:~)'-1~!1:t;IS. r~~1sterec;i;. the p~t1tlbn. r:ryay. ~e unlon only. ' . -b~qornE:_~.:.~: '1 J.._;Jh~.. . · '_"'~~.:_!,tted-;~)./~J¥!U) SIXty. (60).days pnor lo Its expjry . represel)_tahve~4~he .· · . t~/3 of. ~lj.e--:;.~~OR CPD!;, Book V, Ru_le VJ/I, -:,h r/ b~t l· --~: ·,.,,'·'ii{'""='if.==,...S,.ec~:,,,;._i(ft-amf!_f:1°(1ed by D,O. No. 40-03). · ·, · w o1 e cu{lalfllllJr."'· uni Si:. "'"'~ . "'- ,. ""\ ,~ . . · . . , that{lif.icru~~{·eien·. th .. 1-:·-vl' . ~-- '"'- "t~;..,..'·\. : · · · ,: · .rriefrnbe'r'§':,f ti,·~ 4'¥:l ~pte;__ 1:\•~-~,q~~tic'.\R,eneWal :Claus~ .u~9er :Art. det~,i!ed.t'fnionst ·· . 26tt pert~uns o~tf)lie economic provisions of.the ·. . . 1r -~- -~:;- :f · 0~~- ~: • _. ~ .... d_oe%!.W1~ii\clude:-t.~~_ representational .(2AZt;JCENA, supra at 4'77){ 1'""·--.1} · '"<:~$-~·-;,. ~§pE{ct" .of the \\eBAt.~An ex1stmg CBA cahno~ . · · :. II ·. &?"' U ;[r:t: ·. onstitutt a bar t01a,filit•9 of ,fpetitionforcertification Who may m:~·a Petition fb~i~~·fi~.ati(>"fi;~'{!ctioj'\:·S-~eJe~!2.?~;en ~~~re~ ».representational'issu,e, th? 1_ Any leg1t1mate (abor. oig_rl'}J,z~tlQ_ni{icl~~g ,,81}'!1- '1.. {-}~,fatu~quo.fproVJSlOJf!il,ljSO far _as the·need to await national union or federa~0A' ha~iS."l~',R. No. local/chapter 1tsel_f, or ''}.;_ .'\,),. 'y''~2 .,,De,_.c.emb.€<{',2011)... . 2. An -employer, wl:i'en req~sted tQ\[email protected]~, A./.. / · · .. · · collectively .i!'l a· .bargaining\·unit ,wt:iei::~~.:_nc5'~:.1\ ....-,P.·«rp9s-e ~~ ...-.the Provisions R~lating to : r_egistered ·_collE:?ctive :pargainlng .. ~~e!ii'.1~i'\t~....-.e:~Jim§~~~9,n ~lection · ·: : ·· · · _ ·. .. .. exi~ts (D.(?_. No._ 4_D+15, Rufe Vlll,"'Se,..Q.·.it.JI] . i\ fl ·.lF,!iy°':'hrov1~&,~ ~f- th~- Labor
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. Proceeding: . . 1. Proper composition -and constituency of the bargaining unit; and . 2. The veracity .of:major,ity rriernbership claims of · Iha. competing unlonsso as to identify.the union . that will· serve as the bargaining representative of the entire ·bargaining unit' (2 AZUCf=NA;_·sUpra.·, · et :)77),.· . · · · ·
sustained. Nego.tiations with the employer . or there exists a :bargaining .Qe~dlock which had ... · . been submitted to conciliation or. arbitration or had become thei subject of a valid notice. ot.strike or -lockout to· which an incumbent or. certified · bargaining agent is a party; . . · · .. · · 5. · to case of. an 'orqanlzed.estabtlsbment, failure to submit the 2$% .§µppc:irf requirement 'for the 'filing of the' peution for certification' election; .. N.ote:. The delayln the issuance of1he certiflcateof . 6. ·failure. of .. local/chapter .. or; :··national registration·.to a union partlcipatinq ·fr1 a certification union/federation to eubmlta duly issue'c!.~harte'r electlon case. may ·.effectively prevent the conduct .· . Cert.ificatE:i. upon . filing of 'the· PE1tition · for . thereof. .However; Where it is shownthat suchdelay . · · ·certificalioh election;. ' . · .. was not because pf its (a ult ·t;iut ..due mainly t6 its 7. ~b~ence of employer-employee relationship · riva.lry wlth other uriions, it shall stay 'the conduct of : · : .· : between all the members of-the petitlonfng union .. the· certification election.'. Mandamus . will· lie to and ··the establishment Where "the proposed · : . compel . the issuance ·of., 'such certificate of . bc;irgaini11g unit is souqht to be representeo: and . · '. · registration [Semeben"nq- M.angga'gawa· sa · Union · · 8. ·. Nowappearance of the · petitioner for two (2) } Industries, tnc.v .. Norie~ G. R, No. c.~5~87;J.,,Octobe(x,,.-:.;;/l consecutive· scheduled conferences:before the. ~.f . _23, 198·1): · .. · · . . . . . !';/-j;)._ mediator-arbiter. despite 'due· notice (D'.0.· No. •• . . ·. .• · . · · 1 • r.. ,r /~ :j'.· · 4Q-F-O~, 'Rule VIII, $ec. 14): . . . . petition for cancellation of':'rii<:>n regi¢trati?O not suspend th.e ·-pr.01,eedmgs· · for certifica!~Of ·:':,; ,;,t.N9t~:· The"ti:;~rt1fication election sl')aU be presided erection nor shall it prevent the:filing· of. ~·petit!,oA'fqJ(~}J.;~~P'by..th.n·.El~ctiqn. Officer:fro!TI.the Labo'r Relations . fe.rtificationele_~tim1.,In cas~ of._~an9ell~Y-~~'~othjng: Djvision~oFt~;.;Region~I, Office· or .the _BLR (/RR.: of . ~n.the la""..s~all res_tnctt~e n_ght.of th_e1P-rta.!eco,uiz.~v · [! \·· ; · . · ·· ·· , · (LABOR CODE:/Arl:.246):.· . · .... · ',...Jt> :l1 T~e _.touiwiqg ,jnsta·r.ic;es .will_ !lot. 9ause_ -~~ t:\, _c;f1sm.1ss,1.o.fta ~\tltl~':1 for Cf!rt.'f!,::atiorr-Elect~o.A Tbe pend ency of an unf_air latf?J.'>fract15~·;mmatton (Art. 259(d)) against one·bf...,t~e~'tm1ons )1~~:.,2·:1\lr.A11:1g•._.,.,.or pendency .of · a,:iy. 1nter/tntra-umon which is. pafticipc1ting in th~ ,certificatio6,.e(ect)on:i§.1i~ 1· v,~ ,,,..-1'dis~ute,l~n.dot.her labor relations ·c!ispute; · . prej~di¢i'.3l.'que·~lirn1tha~bars t~e holdid9;f~er~~f.ij~til'3.. · ULP. charge_pf c9mp.:lnY.'i..1.nio.nis;n;· . . . its· final resolutton (Umted CMG Workei'Jtt;Jnlonv. 4 .. ULP,-charge b.y Employer agam~t.a.umon;·and/or, · BLR, G.R! No: .L:.5'133:7, March22; ·1984).~ · 5. Appeal· to the ·supreme: ~Court from· th~ ·order · · · • ·. · · · · · denying· the . motiO'i:t recon·sideration {2 Grounds for. Disintssal or- Denlal·of the··.f'~titi~ri' · AZ.UCE"!A,·sup_ra.at't#BS:4,86). · .. ·for Certification Election: (UCC-NeD.-:SCAN)· · )~.iitio: The. ~~·plqye_e··~,-.opporturit_yt~ choose/a· 1. . Pef.ition'er 'is :. riot . Jiited. in . the · departl]lent's· bargaining agent can easily 1;>e·bloyked 'or forestalled · .. ·. registry.of le·gitirti~te·lab"r. ur:ii1;ms.. or that its'l~gal : by. ~h · Em_ploye(.thru·· the ~imple ·expedie:nce· ·. person·ality bas' l;>een revoked or canQelled w.lth ;finaH,ty;· (Ynregistered ·U.(lion) · ·:. . ... · : . . · _ questioning the· legitimacy of the petitioner. union '(2 ' · AZUCENA, supr.{J a,t.484) .. : ' . . . 2:· · Petiti0n· was· ,filed.· before· or after the freedom · · .· ... . .. . ,· ' .' . ~ period of~ ciuly regisferei:l CBA~ provid~cl. that Ratt1e,ot the :~as~ . . . ._. · .. .. . . _ . · · ttie 60~day p·erioo t:ias~d· ·on, tne c;>rig~naf:·q3A . The Regi9nal: Director. ·9r··his/her duty·. aulliorized ·. ·· .. :·,-.shall · nof: be :aff13cted ,t)y· -any·· amendment,. representative upon ~h'e rei:;eipf of the petition shall . . · exfer'ision1 .or:renewal of the C!JA;. montract Bar . . ~~ .. ·· . · ..... irrime'diately assign· it by raffle·tq a·Med-Arbil~r. The raffle shall be done IM 'the. presence 6f.ttie petitioner .. 3. . Petition . was·. filed '0thin · 1 · year fr.om er.itiy ·. of · if the latter- so desires (/RR .ortireL~bor Code; Book voluntary· recognition or a _Yi3Hd certification, .. V,.Rule:Vlll,.·sec. 5,.as amendeq:by IJ..;0. 40-F-03). ·:consent,.or'run-'off e.le.ctionii'nd 1')0 appe'al tfle· . . results tti.ere~f is pending; {Qe_rti_ficatfonYear)
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Notice·of-Preliminaty .Conference . . The-petltfon shall immediately be transmitted to the ·as.signe'd -Med-Arblter . who shall .irnrnediately prepare arid serve a notice ofprelimlnary conference to be 'held within.-·1_0·working.·days from the MedArbiter's receipt of the. report· (D.O. No. 40-F-03, Rule· VIII, .Sec. 6). .. . . . . , · ., · ,
Effect · of · Eailure to Prove Afflliatfon: with a .· _Federation to the Right· to File. a Petition for. . Certific~~ion Election . ' . . . Its- failure to prove its ·affiliation -with- a federation cannot affec.t its- r_ight- to. fjle·. said ·petition for · · certlflcatlon.electlon as an independent union. As a .' legitimate labor- orqanlzation, an independent union .has the .right to file a .petiuon for certiflcation eleefion · forced intervener · ,: . . .. . on its own beyond -etection, Despite affiliation; ·the · The incumbent bargaining agent shall.automatically ·. 'local union remains .the basic unit free serve. the . be one 6f t1J13'.choices in ·ttie.certificatibrr.election as common interest of all Jts' members and pursue its forced intervenor (/RR qf-·the LABOR CODE, Book own interests· independently of the ·.t.ede_ration: V,;Rule-.Vll/;S~c7, as amendpdby o.o. No. 40-03), (Samaha_n.'ng inga _Manggagawa sa·Fifsystems. v. · '·. : ·· · · $ecretaryofLabor,G.R:No. 1280°8,7, June 5, 1998).· 'N<>te: The.incumbent barga,nin~-~gent does not lose . . . , . . . •... . . . itsrepresentative' status; it remains as the sole May a 'certific~ti'on.el~dion.-be. ca_lle·d.by·the' Me~-· _,; · bargaining·· representative- until· it is· reptacec. ·by_ Arbit~r-alJhliugh ttie'..25% statutory r~quireme~t ..another.. Until .SQ replaced; i_t has the right. to retaj[I . . . has ·Rof .bee·n ~ompll~a with'? · . ,'". the recoqnltlon by the Employer (2 AZUCENA; sug~~~~:Even conce~_irig'·thatfhe-siatufory requirement· at 478): .: · : ... _· ·· . ~r:;::;.-- 0 ·~f ;so/~onsenf·signatures ts n?t strictly complied . " . : . · ·. · .·. ·: : .. · ,;-,. . ~~ 1{ij~t~. tp,;Nle.d-Ar~iter ls stllt.empowered ·to order that Motion for tnterventlcn .:: . . . .';(/'<,"")· .L. :'"i<"=··;:::'i=:1!\e c~rtifrc~jl6n,election:.-be 'h'eld preciselY:'for the .· When.a petiticm for certification election ~~.,fil~ in · purpes~Hota$~aining- which of the contending · an. organiz.ed establisbme_nt,. 9.i1y1e[9ig3ate;"'jab0~r"taboQ?_rga_,:if~tionf~hall ~ th.e,exclusive 1:?argaihing ui:,ton · other: than the inc~m~~r)f.b~ga'fni!'19age~ -·~per.it:.'lh~ceqllff.rpfi:lent . is . relevant ·only_: w~en .it oper~ting within the barg_~inin,9·_uo1t:$iYme4k inoticir'( .f>.ecome~ m~~ _(at9ry1\ 1 to · .conduct , a; c_ertification · for.: intel"\'.ention with: ,tie M~d-Ar-~jfer .d1;1ring tlie..J6,~ el¢ctio~qln all' tCeOnt.tances, th~. c:Uscretion ought freedom period·. of. tl'!e co}Jl'rc,flve 6~rg~1ning~~1r--:rc>'15eor~ina~ilye~i:qis\;!djo favpr of' a. peti.tion fo.r . ~greeme.ot (D,~. No: .40~J=.o/r3~,u~fe: VI.II,. l!fill~~.m:rtica~oheiec1i~n<~iYifomiaM.ani.Jfac(uring·Corp. '. - ·' . .. : · . · ·:. 'I!-.,..-~ ..~- . ; ..\. ., . · if!.~i~.f-fon,.$1J.ndersfc'Fetc!jyrof_Labor, G,R. No .. 97020, Pr~lim.inary·.C~>!"'~fenc~;.~ec}.1'-1-Ql . :r'~ .-~.J-t- . -June~B 1'91!;}); JJ.- .·. The Med,A.rb1_ter.. ·sh~II cw9ag1c1\ ""'s ;: , . (.C...;jJ _1r:~ { . ... . •. :,. . ·: _ oonfer'e'!,c_e.anq he.arin_g w~_tin~,..1-0-:€1~.s fr~ Jt.'t'!"f.!l;~ ... :.,1'iJ~ye~1,~r~sel)Js·the wJitteo st~tements o_f: of the p~tition._to determine th~,,,_foJ10.y.,1~g:. (B, 9~ }, &;_ '.3 i-;~~bJ,l<e_rsJo ~tie Jfffeet·t!Jat tl;leY'"!Y~re·tricked · ·1. The ~arga,injng Unit .to· be r{~r~sen~d;·S( ,.~~~\grvipg:,their .w,_pt~en ·con_sef!t-to t_he ._filing of · 2. £o_nt~~~ing_labor_.unions;. \.· .. ,\~"'" .. Sc}1h','1"\~~~-e~j~n .for ~~iflc.ation.electlon. W!I~th~se 3. Poss1pJhty.of p·fonsent-~lectii,~ · · .:?~..:. , .£.L~~!~ent~~ev~ntthe holding:of a ce~1f1cation. Existern?e·. of a~Y: of. th~_.;bar~ .,t~ ~!:1\i!ica1jo~""electiy a9ministr.ativ.a..· or .. :.qu~sHu·di9iat. ·consent. election. The-,...,;e·d-Arbltetsball forthwith'call . inquiry.. Suc.h . reP.reseritatic;m:. and ... c~rtifiq:ltion.: .. ·. for the cQnsen.t -~lection, fefle_ctir:ig . Jh'e._- . parties'. . efec:.tiori:~ases . ar~ not to'.!;,!:!. tak~n· a'~ con~~nJlpus . . a·greerne.nl and:. the:· call . in--_.th"e minutes ·'of. ,-.the. . . .. litigations ·or. suits ·but as -mere investigations of a .. . cor_:if~ren·ol;i-. T,he .M'ed;Arbiter ·shall,' iml)'lediately nqri-adyer$,~ry• .fact. fiJldi.iig charact_era·s tp wtiicli. qf. · forward the:·records. of the. petition: to .the ·Regional. . the competing unior'ls represents !Jie ge]Jui('le chpice Director or hJsl:IJer.authorizei:heprese'rifative for'tiie·. of 'the ·workers· to be· their ·.;sole and: exclusive . determination ofthe election officer (0;0, No. 40~F·collective, bargaining· :repre.sentative'. with their'·: o:3,'_~u/e '1_111,_Sec, 10): . ·. . . . .· : : · employer(ALCANTARA, stJpm_ at-431)...
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N'umber ~f Hea~i~{JS . If:the contending, 1,mioris fail agree .to a. conse'nt . election during Hje preliil:lin~ry GO~ference, the Med~biter may co~duct as_ i:nal"!y hearings as h_~/she
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BED.A LAW Cl;:NTRALIZED.SAR OPE;RATIONs··
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. . ·.~ .. may deem ·necessary, but in no case -shall -the conduct thereof exceed 15 days from the date of the schedutect preliminary ccnference/heannq, after·_ '-t · which timepetition shallbe considered submitted for .'\. decislon (JRR o( the LABOR COOE, Book V,· Rule ~-~-· -vut.. Sec· 11, as amended by . D.O: No.:40--03). .
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co'nduct .of Certification ElectioJl · Pre~Election Raffle of the case · ..: within 24 ho.urs . Conference within 1 o· days from the from receipt of receipt "of.the entry.offinal · assignment jupgement· ·
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,E~tensi~ns oftl~e. shall not be entertained (2 , AZUCENA, supra.at481): : ·. '... ':.. 'fa.ilure to Appear·Despite Notice . . {.~ :rhe"failure of any party to 'appear in "the hearing(s): when notified or to file its p_lea~ingsshall be de,eryied a waiver of nls right to Jig}· heard, . . . : . . . . .'
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. Pre-elealion conference shall be ·completed . · -.yithin 30 days from the·date of · the -first liearina.
· Posting of notice ,· of etection.at least ~ ,10-qays before trie' .. ·,{:{":'.,-.,\ actual da,E!-OL · .. e.fe.~tic;>n .
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. Th.e Med_-Arbitet,ti~wev!3r;. ;.;;her, agreeq u·po~·by' theparties may allow tlie- cancellation :of -seheduted . hearing(s).. ttie cancellation' · of any scheduled. flearing(i,;}shaH not be usedas abasis for-extendi.r:ig the 15-day period .wlfh wnlch to ·termiriat(;' the same· (D.O. 40-03, ~u/e VII!; Sec. -12). · · · ·,
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brder/Decisi.on on. the Petition .. . ../;·_.'//.. , , . ,. "~··,. (D, O: No. __4'·o- 03. , R1.,1/e. IX'I1. _- . Wjil)in -1~_._days from: the ~pte 'of la~t.hear\n~,z:tJ~f ·· :i.,,;1 ·. • • . . •• . 1 ·\ . Me~~~.rb_•trr,~h~II. fo~'!.)a.lly •~.sue a rul!n~ gra_n!•l'.l9J9r:; , '. of w.~;C~s!) · .. . . . .'. . : ·... ?::·· deny1~g . the. petition, . except. in .. o~~}';r;ifze.9ij1'')'·...,_.~1tH1_o~~B~f:s fror:1 rece1pt_-of_the notice-of ~flt[}'. of F., ~.stabh5,hmer1\swhere the _grant o! the,..P~-~~j1Qn-~~nr, · fma.1 Judgi:r.i·eri.\@rantmgthe conduct of a certificat1o_n· :k. . on.fy .be made after the lapse of the .fr;~e __ ¢()m. i:ienosf.i ··--..~· elertion-· thef!Rsgional o_irector' shall cause the raffle. (IRR f h. L b ·c d B k 1, R 1 ''"'111:,,,-s 13,1..,.)"' ·,.. •· ·• ···, · ·· · f.,. · · ... o. t ~ a or· ~ e;__ _PO.~· ~-,,f!.t\_!_:::·:,,.r pfdti~_.cas.~ ~'c;,-:~n Elec:tion 0.fllc;:er·who 5,hall h~_v.e {: · as amend_edby D.0. ~-O-F-03r . ,/P,t;, ;;.4. cont[Ot'of/tl}_e~p_r~elect1~m confeter1c~ and .e_lechon 1: ·.. . . · . · · • . . · . . :,1(/ · :. , 'Ir-..~ . .<~. )j1 ptoceedtgs: :(/RR\ofthe .LA~QR COlZJE! Book. V, ::: . P·p:>h1b1_t':.d~r.<;>und.f_or.the~lD"}I/Su~p.ens1on o! i.•'.·t· Rule '?f;;_~.;ef..1.~;...f!.~.c!J!)~nd~df)_yD.Q. No. 40-0,3)... . . . the Petition . . ·,,........ ~~,.,":,, -~~ !:·•• "'~ ~~,.~~·:...m.(~~·1·,~i'. · . · .. 7 : . The . inchJsion . as U"1ion m~mh~rs ¢:rtfr1ploy~~~J .: 1::1- Pre-el~tio~~o'Afe~ence . . . : ·.. pu.tslde t~e. b_argaininguni_t:.sha_ll_..n<~lif....~jl~'.g~?Yr:id.f9r . Within 24 hours from.. ~eq~ip_t of.th~. assi~nm·ent Jor_. th~ .c~ncellat1o~of th~ ryg1stration oMhf .~n19.~,.S~1d_ 1!~h~"fohduct.of ·a ce.rt1ficat1on. e!e~t1on, the Elec.t1~>n ~ · em1?h;lyees-are autorn~tically, tjeemed l~r:i;i.¢'.edfr.Qfl:1 .. hf•+~=pffic,eR.sl:i?JI . cause the i~suaric.e· ot notice· of pre[::"· ~h~ list <:>f'mernb~rship of said _uni?n~ffepu~/~c.Y...;...:..~:,;-'eiJcti'~n't:bQfe_retjc_e up~n the c~ntend.ing uni4:>n~-and f: . Kawashima Textile Manufactanng:, Pkf;."J+dn_chq'.R. · tl)e emplgye_r,_ which shall b~ .schedulec;l within 10 f: . No. ·, 160352, July 23, 2008). · . . . . · '~~ .·;-.;0 · . . : days from receipt of the assignment. 0
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A~ to the Validity if..Certifica~~pf_ ~~is:ati~n . All issues pertaining to·tt:ie -validity'-cif the p~tltio()_i()g
~ uniQn's . ~ertificate 'of -regi:;;tratioh or . its· :le~al t.,. · personality· as,. ~:i' · labQr. organization, validity . of .. ·. ·registration; arid ex~·c1;1tion. of colleqtive, bargaihin.9 , . · . ag_ree'ments sl'iall, be ~eat9_ . and resolved. ~Y. the Regional Director In an ·independent .. P.e~iji6n..Jo(· 'i · cancE:llation· of its r'eg.istrat.ion and not by the MedArbiter i.n the petitio)1-fe>"r qertification-el~ction (/RRdf
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ri.-';· . . Department's Unless -the petitioni°ng ·union_ ls· riot. li~ted .ir:i .the . roster . Of· . . legitim~te labor r . . 'otganiz;;itions·,.·.dr an. existing. collective "barg?ining
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employer-.. shal; b~ requir.ed· to . subrnjt . the .. c.ertified list of einployees·in the barga_ining unit;-Or when.~ .;neces~ary: ~e . 'payrolls.• covering·' .. the . . mernbe"rs. of the bargajn"irig t:1tiil. the time of the filing of. petition· '(/RR ·of.,the La.bqr··code, E;Jopl<" v, Rule.IX, Sec. 2; as amended by Q. 0. 40-F-03).· · . : . · . . ' · · . . . · The pr~per·tin:ie..to:,questionth.e list o(qµalifi~d v·oters .:is during· th~ .pre-elecUon conference.' It _can ·no
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cerHfication · election·. (/RR of·. the · LABOR CODE, Book V, Rufe· IX,. S.ec."2,. as."ahiended PY b. l':!,/o•. 40-
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·· .Waiver of. Right to be Heard . . · . Fallu're of any party appear during the pr~.~election conference despite notice:st,all be considerep as a wah;,er of' its .right to be present' and' question -or qpject to any of the agreements r.eached·ir:i ttie pre-· election conferet1ce. Howev~r. this.shalf .nofdeprive
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,.:•· 2019-SAN SEDA LAW CENTRALIZED B~R OPERATIONS I 123.
LA.BOR RE·LATI.ONS SAN BEDA .IAW'C~NT/MLll~DBAR OPE:RATIO.~S.~ MEMORY AID·2019 ·
· the non-appearing party of th~ right to be famished · notices . and . to attend subsequent pre-etection · conferences (!RR of the LABOR CO.Of=, Book. V, 'Rule IX, Sep. G, ee amenaea by D.O. 40-F-03).
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or·the employer (/RR th~. 'LABOR CODE, Book \/, . Ru[f:IX,S.ec. 7, as ar:nended byD.O. No, 40-1-15). · ·Secr~cy .and Sanctity of the Ballot To ensure secrecy,o( the' ballot, the Election Pffic~r• . together with .the authorized representatives .of .th'e.. . coritendirig unions and the.''employer, ·shall 'before. the start of the actual voting, . inspect the polling place, the ba\lot boxes a.nd 'th~ polling booths. .
. When P,~e-~l~ctio~ . · Conf~~enc1,/ ·sh~!I . ·be completed,· . . .. . . . . The pre-election. conference :shall be completedwitt:iin 30 days from the date· of the first hear.iflg_.({RR ottne LAB..08. CODE; Book V, Rule IX, Sec '4, as No· device that ,could record or identify 'the voter or emendea 'by Q.·O. No. 40-~3).: ·: ·.·. . otherwise underrnlne.the secrecy and sanctity _of th~ ' ·· · · ballot 'shall ·be allowed withiQ Qualification of. Voters· . . . . . lhe. .'premises.- except · All employees who are .rnembers otthe appropriate . those devices brouqht In by the election officer }my' · .· bargaining_ ·un.i~ ·.3 months prior 'to the filing of the. · · other device.within the premises shall be.confiscated. · · · · A · by the election .offlcer and returned· to its owoer after . -petitlon/request · shall -~e·. eligible · to. _vote. . _n · · ·.~ . the. conduct of the Certification Election .(/RR of the employee who· has been dismissed from · work but . . . · contested the ·legality of dismissal· in a· fcjrum. of · 'lAf3_Q'R· CODE, _ Bo?k · V, R4l~. IX, . Sec .. !3, as .appropriate furis·d_iction_c~tttie .~rn~ ~f. is~ua~~e o.f~-~~~·n=:.=:~n.de.d by D.O. No. :~.0-1-15). ·. ·. . . . . order for_ the. conduct ~f ~ cert1fi~at1oh. e_le~}~gn,~all lf 'T' -~~~'-!: n of Ballots . : · be: considered a q_u_ahfi~d..voter.. unl;$;~~,s~2.ss~I l_) t1e.qJ$~officer shall prepare the Q!31lots in w~s decl~red valid. m ':' fin~I jud~m,e~va;r, ti~~-=--=""'Bns!~h ~&FWPtnoor the }O<:al dialect. Th_e·number .the conduct of the ~~rt1fi~t1~n Y./r · ·_;. · . , ;.;.~ bc!llot~.JQ,9Qlo,c!'~[respond..to the number o~ voters .-.,1~ · ~ in 1fi~..qarg~1rJfn~~qi_t plus a· reasonable number of ln case of dlsaqreernent over VP,).;7fJ1~t;or~.J.igib,1!1t¥ti · ~ "e}ttra. b,\\'llots'>,fefr:-•cintjngencies:All ballots. shall be . al! contested vqters sha~I betalfow~EJ,,(_r,voteJbuttl'i~r . .bfr} 1'lgned Jt thJ)b'ic~hy·the Election Officer and :an votes shall be segregated an· seale<;l,m an .envelope ..!,;,,?": . . 11 .• -.h v ,1 .1 ~· · . .. (/RR of the LABOR. CODE, ·r!,?:Jfi.:.V;{Rule IX,-Sec:'"6~1trtal.!.~.QJ~d repr(!l~entat1~e of each of the conten~,ng_ -.. ·. d db ·oo N' :40'11"'(<£11· . '1,--i-i{-""'~iig~ ·-.1,t~/B9.S(lf~of_t~4~B~RCOP.E,BookV,_Rule/X,
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. · .. · .. · ·H :.-....~~ . .,. i;f:~rmb - ,. n..-...., :-n · · . . · P'ro~a.tionary employees !ia~t~i9._ht)ot_~t~jn~Proceciilfe:rii.t~~ Chall~nge of Votes :. . . · .. · a .certificatio_n.election '• \ n~\ ... ~~\ '7"i:fl I ! •,l'l"The-'~ib'Dlot . ,,,~s.::.v§tjr. who has be.e_ri:pt9pe1)y .
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Th~ ·Labor · Code makes 1:fo~\mct1~~~S\~ ~qi#~.1 q~fing the pre-e!ectiq_n 'conferences; .employi:n_ent Sta~US :c!S. b.a~,i~ fo~\_ehg1~/Qij,~· . ..r~ll~Epplac~tJin an f!'tiV~lope.which s~a!l.be sealed ~upp_c>rting_ y,e · PCE. 1~"¥·_-referS\!o. ~ l/~e~_,..,,<~-Y:il1e'El99.flon Offi~er in t!)e':pr~se,:ic~ ~~ th~ voter etnployees 111 the barga11;111')g urn}~!-,11 they~~~~4~:>f Pr-J1:c!n"'d:thei:e'e.resentafives·ofthe contending unions. · ·. . eligible to s_uppo.r(the pelitf.on js\.t~.pel?;,~:!g:-tll~~~j.P ~v / . . . • . .• . . •; •. • .. bargaini~g unit (N~ti~na(Union qr ~(~,ei:,~ @ti~f~fSi:c~rfii;_\3l~t!9'fl40ffic~r shall_ indicate on ,the envelope Re.stl:fW.f!nts ancf: ,:itlted lndustr,es- M§Pi/~~k@Vjtqn 1,. A' ~~~"v.@~r'~:narrie.the union ..c~all~ngmg t.he voter, Hotel Chapter v: .Secretary· bf La_bor, 1'\'llane;..th:t!i'?..groi:.mdfor _the c:;hallen~e. The·. Election · · t 81531·; July 31, -2Q@9t·_. · ··· : . ·. "'.'"'""'""""•'"""officer.shall·note· all ·challeng~s.in t):le minuteS of·th!;!. . . . .' .. . .. election' proceedings aod··shall have custody' o(aJl· . . P~sti~g pf Noticei' -.· .. . . . ·_ : .. ,· . . :. : . envelopes . containing . chailenge~.. v~t~s- . The' . . The Election ··Officer and his/hef Auttioriied 'DOLE · . ·. ~nv.elopes. ,shall be· opemed,. and the question. of ·Pe~~onn'el sh1:1II. caus~ the'·. p,ostinti' '.qt-· notice . el.igibility,shall be passed. .\JpOn -by the Me~-Arbiter electi9n at le~st 10 <-,Jays before the actua,Ldate of tt:ie. . . ·. ·.only'if the 'n.umber of st;igregated vote.s·will materiaify election in .Jhe · 2. most :conspicuou~ places in'. tt,e ·a1.ter. the: results of .the _e_l~ction. (b. o: No•. 40-F~03,' _co.mpany·premisl?~- Tl)e 'rioti.~~sba·11.co'ritc.:1in the: ·. · ·-. :·Rufe·/)(_, Sec: 10). ·< .- · · · .. · ; · · · 1: . Date· and time·of the eilection; · . , · · · ·. . - . ·;. · · · •!)lames of.~II cqriten9in!;i.°Unions;'_and' . : Spoiled B.,;1llots are.'those· whi~h are torn, 'cl~fo~ed; : 3. Description of the bargaining unit' ancl the 'list of · · or. con.tains· markings ·which'. Gar:i· ·1t;iad . an~ther·· to :. ' ' eligible and'·ctiallengi:ld voters. .· · . -· . clearly. fdent.Jfy.the _voter-wlio ca.sts s1.,1cti,vote (D:"o.· ' · · ·. · ··· · · · · · · 40, ~t:J/f!'.f, Sec.1(ww);asamended:byD.O. 40.:;~15}.The .posting of _the 'Ii.st of employees· c.ompnsint:fthe · · · ·· · • · · · bar:gaining.. unit- sh~II .b!'}. .done . by·· the DOLE AJJstenticm rl;!fers t~ a .blari~ or unfilled ballot yaljdlYper:sopn~t. ,· ..,. · ca~~- by·an_..eligible voter.:lt.is ·no_t considered as~a. ..: .. negative. vote.· However... it· .sha.11 b~ -consl~ered. a . The posting .of the· notic.e of'ele.c.tio'n,.the· information · valid · v0te for pu'r,poses of · ·deiermiriing a valid . ~ re.quired to be incluctea .therein and the dLiratiqn cif . . election. (D.o. No. '40-03,: Rule:,, Sec. 1(a), as · ·.. _·pc;,sti.ng cannot:be w~1ved''b_y t.he.i!ontendihg Linioris · amended by o:o. No. 40+15), ·.
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Orr-the-spot Questio~s The Election Officer· shau rule . on any question .. relating to and raised <Juring the conduct -of the · election, In no .case, however, shall the election offic;er'.·r.ule on.. any· of .the grounds. for chatlenqe. · specified in the immediately precedlnq.sectlon (D. .Q. · 40-03, Rule.IX~ Sec: 11" as amended by D. 0. 40-F-
Failure of Election Where the number of votes ..cast in a certification or consent election js less than the · majority of the number of eligible voters. and there are no-material challenged votes. the· Election Officer .shall declare . a failure of election in· the minutes of the· electlorr . -proceedings order (/RR of the I..ABOR coos, Book . · v, Rule JX, Sec. rr; as emended btD,0. No, 40,-0:JJ:
Protest;Wl1eo.P~rfected . . ,. . . . Any-party-in-lnterestrnay file a protest based on the conduct or mechanics of the election.Bdch protests ". . shail be recorded: in the minutes- of .the- election proceedihqs. Protests not so raised . are deemed . waived: ·: · · · ·
Effect ·of Failure. of Election .It shall not bar the filing of a-motion forthe immediate '. holding of another certification or consent election within 6 months fr'Qm the date of declaratiori of failure. · .of election- (lf?R.pfth:e 'LABOR CODE,·8-0bk V, RiJJe IX, Sec. 18, es amended by D. O." No.· 40-0:)).... _. . ·. .· . .
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The protesting. party must formalize" its protest with M9tion to Hold .another Certification _E1e"cti9n or ·the Med.:Arbitet, :'!'Vitti specific ·grounds,. arguments Consent Efoct.lo_n,in case of Failure of ~lecti.oi, and evidertce.. within 5 · days after: the close of the Within 24 hours ·from the .recetot of the motion for· . election 'proceedings.. If not recorded in the· minutes .~/"'I · immediate holding· of another election, the Ete¢tion· . i and .. formaliz~d ·.within_- the pre_se::ribed.. period, Jlil,e"'.))l Officer sh~U ·jm.r:i.e?iately__ schedule. the c~mauct- of_·. .. protestshan bedeemed dropped (/RR of the LAf?O~r/.:, '\ such election within ~ 5 days from .receipt of the SJ.ODE; ~ook V,. R_ule IX, Sec. 12, as am~ndei(ff ... ::·~~: mot~on ~119 .ca~~e the posting of. the .. 11otice_. o: D,O. N().. 4Q-F-03). ·. . .. t. , ·; ·.:/,'-;--P.~ ..r:1,~ca.t1onr.rtect1on a!·:l·~?st 10 days. prior to the L:,,. . ·f1 i.r~.Qb.~~l!,ted;a?,.~f 9f.elE;c~orpnthe 2 _rhostcon.spic~ous Note: A; protest c_annot- be 'filed . by a lab.9r-' unrbn ;--> f.1 places:~,n~th1f1<0stabhshtnent. The same ;gu1de.hnes which is. not a pa_rticiparrin· the ce_rtifii:.~6~electif \oyi~tiin ·2~!ti~{J.~{irorfl. finai canvas~· of vo~es; th~~e repre~e~ta~1ves of ~e ~P~.te~d(Og~";',!i)t.f crl'!ation'of chartered local,. SU¢h locaJ . a~d obli_gations of a. duly certified conective . · chapter sh.all sub111it .Its DOL:E-itsued ~ertificate ·of · ·· bargaining ·agent ·from the·time .the certification is. . Creation-with.in 5.days f~Olll the.conc!ui;ion of election ·. issued. . . ·. .. (/RR of the LABOR CODE;Book V, Rule IX,· Sec. 16, ·as_ a'flef!ded by.D:.O.. No. 40~/;._15): · . . Where. maJo.rityof the valfd vote.s ~st tesu_lts iri "No. Union" obtaining the majority, the· Med:Arbiter shall · declare. suet.I f~'Ct in. the.or.der (/RR of.tiJe_LABOR- . . ·CODE, Book V, Ruie (X, Sec. 20; as amand.ed-by. .
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Co._, a certmqation election ·was- held among the 3 contending unions,-' namely,' Union "A," Union ''B,". a_nd Union_ "C". Of the 560._eligib.ie voter.,s.- only ·soo aotually cast their votes. Union "A" garnered 220 · . vc:>tes, l,lnion -- ''Bo\ garn~red .24_2 votes, Union -"C" ,garnere_d 30 vote$, while tb.e rest of;the ballots w·ere considered as spoil~d.U9P2 aar). . - .. ·
Do.uble·Majority Rule . For there to ~e a valid certification. election,· two · majorities mus( be complied with: 1. '. MajoritY. of bargaining unit-must have .voted; and 2. The winning: union must have garnered majority · of_ the ·valid .:votes cas~ '(Nation[!/ Union .·or Workers in· Hotels,, Restaurants and JJ.lli~d .-Industries-Manila· Pavilion Hotel, Chapter .v,. .'Secretary .oi" Labor, G.R .. -No,· 18153·1,_· July ·.-31,2009)."
1. .How do yoti determine the majorWy vote in the.certiflcatlon election? .. ' .. . . · The:. mafority · vote in a . certification election. is. How .to De.termine _the.Double· Majority Rule: · - 50%. plus 1 pf' the yalld .. votes cast. Spoiled 1. ··ln'.d~te.rmining jhe validity. of.the process of the -· . ballots areexcluded (LABOR CODE, .Art. 268): . certification .election itself (1.st Majority); -incfude.. - . . . . . - . '·, · · s; • • : .. ' spoiied ballots.. , . . . :-- ·_ . . . . . . Jn . the problem whlc;h . of, -the: contending· 2. .' In deterrnininq the number of votes required to. . unlons won ~tie:certificatioi:i electlori, if'ariy? ·_ · ·· . · be certified· as the .collectlve -bargaining ·-agent . Why?· · . · . · ·-. ' (200.. Majority), eliminate spoiled ballots 'but' , N_one.'1'0.~e declaredthewinner, a-unlon should . include challenged: votes (<;:HAN; Pre--w~~~~~h_ave:_-obtained.'at !,east.· ~47 -votes -. This : -Notes on Labor Law, (2018) p.8.6}. · _.,:.,~·-. ;f. "\\:.,;c(;)f:1(-!LMe.smajo~lty of the V.!'llid votes ;cas!; -8 ·. . . . _?;J-'~ ~ . (, ~ ithlr~i:!~.!«e~espoiled; there were therefore 492 ll!ote: When the winnir,g choice is,~1qq'f°a~c)5):1pJer~.x-~~, . . ;.f y~lid{voJ~asf The majority of th~-valid·'votes · wjth_out· a certificate of creation 9fijj~:arf~i:~j.d86al, '. ·· ·~~tfr~24-t\~CANTARA, supra at. 457). , · : 'such · 1ocal chapter shall -submtf' ~~~J.:,~ i§i,1;1e&=-;,~-"":'-~..,,....._ ...~~ G.eriificate withifl ·5 ·days. f.ror,Rgl)~ c{.oncl~ion fiit ,ijules ').WJ\icli~r.event tJle 'Holdlrig·· bf .· a ~lection (/RR cJf the l,.ABOR C/!JDE2;0E~p'ok Rule /~' {~ ~~rtific\ti0Jt1f!~tj.~\. · · .. , · _ .: · · • Sec. 16, as amended by 0:9,(No. 4(fl-15JH N"_"'> 1. C_ertrcaUot\fe;:1..e~,ar-RulEf. ·. .· .. · h~ .. t, . 1----~,,r~-r-cont-ract~Ba' .'.A · _ . ·. Spoiled. ballots _ are. not ii1 · defermfm1.n~:'... ts~~Dea~io~k_ . majority {PAFLU V. "BLR, G11~.Nu.. l{-:43760.~ug4S~~TTI't"m,m'f'd Negbtiation r.!al"'~~le · (2 'AZUCENA, supra at 21 1976' '~ . ll · '\."'=,_,.,~. 48~· t 891 ..11 H · . .
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J['&)'l:> jffoat,ic:,nYea~:aar Rule· . ;_ - . _lf·the ~lectJons ·c:lisclose thilikthe .iii"'ajcfri·:}_p_."tt.i.~-''1 . ~~~-~p~~id;t·that;.fno·..p_etition ,fpr certification. . wqrk_ers do not wish to be·r.epr~~ei:ited~ an· ~'b7', · ·, G(?'~eE:ti~!Jfolayb~_..filed w_ithin 1 year fron:i ttie d?te ·_.' !.'.?· ~ni_on_may ~e properly certf~i~. _and tbt:;t~-~}y~ MJ.';,.¥~?1!icl S 'ftifii:;ation,. conser:if, ·. :or run-off · wor~ers who wish to ti_aye.a union"'r"!!_pres~.nk.·_~-:,rt!~.l'~~__we.5.tio~or fro.m the · _date . of. , _vqlu.ntary collectiye_.b.argaining_lT!ay not in'.Jp9s~t~er~ry,e.~~r~~~$Jllo· ..... .-... ·. · ·.. _'. · · _ - tt)e::ma~ont_yupo~ the plea tha:_th?y.are frEl.!Jl~d~~ed , 1\_ }i"A ~\-~,..,.(._. ·: ~-, . ·:. ·:· _ .- - . , · · . .. ,o_f; _their nght ,.tC?.- s.elf~orgarnzat1on .and: c(}Jle.qt!ye ·-- _l"\JJ.rt..~1:ne?s'arf)eban applies .1f ~no_ umori?' wqr:i :lh the _· .. parg!3ining. Jhe!illin.ority etnployees·can do ·no_thi~":"··~, -previous" ~ieclic;m_.. . : ·-.. ·· except. fo wait for· another suitable ;.oc~sion ~o · · · · ·· · • , · · p.etition: for a c~'rtiffcatiofi election and hope that the . .· Note:: l'fie-:,.12~~~nl~. prohibition· presupposes · · · r~sUt_ts.Wiil b_e d!ff0ren_t·(Reyes·:v. Tr.aja"no, ·G.R .. No. . . ·· . . thS:f .th~re·. was. ·an-.-actual. cor,dµc(of' efe·ctiQn (2 84/433,._June 2; 1·9.92). ,~· ·. . AZIJ.O~NA, $_Upra-'a{487) ..- / ,: : · ... 4
.. ~Qte: The ~o~.P~nyremaini(~ryunfooizedfor at_-ie_a~t ·.- . ·. 12 months; the- periqd 'known as lhe 12-morlth·bar . rule; :after. such .period, a .p~itiOJl for certifiC~it°ion . '.. ... election may be filed again .(2 AZUCENA, supta 477). . .. . .
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. Reason: Ttie right qf. workershot to be represented · . by. a unio11 sh_ould' be ·re~pecfecf f~r' it i~ an _integral · · · _-part ·-of ·their freedom or associ_ation (2 .POQUIZ, - supra,at.262). ··· ·. ·
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. When'•Certification Year .B~r will -N.OTAm>ly ~- When · there· was no certification election precisely· 'becaU$8 ·first petition Was dis.missed on. the ground that it did . not. - include all the .employees Who sliould ·be · properly included · in _ th1J·- c.ollecti\i'e . _bar~ai_niHg unit· (CMC-ACE.-UFSW · 'v.
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. Illustration of Certification Election .. .1 o determine. the sole - and ·exclusi:ve- bargaining agenf _of the w~~kers a·nd .ei:nployee's of·"X"· Mining
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-, Gertlfication year r~fe-rs,'to the period ·~herein · - ~ollective· bargaining .Sho!Jld_; ,beg'jn; which -is __ . within: :1.2'. -rriorit.hs followlhg - th_e det.er.mJriaUor, : and .. certification'." of._: emplqyees' ·.e.xclusive· barg~ining .i:eprese_nfative.(2 ~UC£NA, ·.supra . at $.82). · ' · · --· '
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. E:icc~ptions to the·.Conf.ra~t7Bar Rule. . The existence of a . · collective bargaining b. if in fact there was a failure of election aqreernent Will not bar certification election ln. the following instances: . . . . .' ' ' because less than majority of the cot1ectlve a.· The · CBA. is . inadequate, incomplete, or Bargaining· Unit members. voted. (2 defective (i.e., it does not contain· all the AZUC~NA, s_upra_.at.487). s'ubstf:mtia/ c!emands . . on ' terms . .' and . Other instances: . conaiuons-.aoq leaves out metiers which a. ·When there was ari lnvalid'.~lection; should have. been stipulated; where · Ine . -. · b. · Among ·grol:Jp of. employees \•.iho.had not stipulation becomes a sweetheart contrsot); . · participated in the·1•t electionand had.not b. The CBA was· hastlly.entered Into, or th¢··.· been ' gi',/en ~ the .. opportunity '-to. be '."doctrlne otpremeture -.exten-sionn.({e.i the represented as part· Of the unlt in the 1st renewal O[ extenston .of the aqreernent Y48S '" electlon; ·..- ·.:·. ' · · ._· · -prernature, -~stratihg the ·rigt:it of. the c. · Un.it. bf employees is.newlycreated; . employees· to· "petition' for .. a certificatior1 ·. d. Radical chang~ In the. size' of a.. bargaining elecfion at the proper . ._time) · (Assotiat1;3d unitwithln·a short period of time; or . ·. :Trade· Uriiofls-ATU v. Hon. Nortel, G.R. No. · e. In case of unit· clarification petition . (2 · · ,l-'"48;361,.'.Ja.nuary 1($,. 197.9); · ,· · . · · AZ.iJC~NA,._supr.aa,f'487-1B8J. . c; . _Cohtract ·Where . the -identity of ' the. . . , ,,/t) ! · representative is, in: doubf.(Fo?mtex: Labor 2 .. Contract-Bar Rule · · . -.L.·:,/· ·/~fa! ~ Union:·rupas.v,· Hon..Direetorot BLR, G.R. General Rule: While a valid and registered GB~,/'"} . · . No. L-42~49, April -17; ·1976); _is su~sis~ihg for a fixed· 'period. of 5. _y,ea'rs,n~~·'.°:: .'.>"·): . d. CB~ erit~r'ed ·jnl(? _between the employer arid . . . Bureau_ 1s not a!lo':"'ed .-to, hold a~ .. elec$~0!'1> .. ,.,~;r··"·~ thel':,,urn_~r:i. dun~g the· pendency ~or.· · coptestmg· the maJor-1ty status of the mcu~efi!j./(·/P)~ll::;f~-~~Jf4_9_c1t1on_ ·e1~~li~n (V~ssar Industries urnpn (0801!G_OOE, Art. 265). _.,~,;::;. ::-"/ !l · . ' ""-'.!EmP,f.oyees'Umon··v. EsVella, G.R. No. L- · · C,,/" ..·· )LJ·j · , 4656W1.1March31 1-978)· · · ;. · · -~xcep~ion:. ·?u,rinf! . .t~E:' '. 60P.::-1~i~,ri~~,;.--:1'r\' ' ·e. C'W'·Il-~\~i&tered'. wit~ falsifie9 $Upporting . ~m'!1ed1a~e.ly·pnor to 1.ts ~xp1r~~9-if;w.~:',?~pe~Qd dgcui;nettts (/RR ~f. the ~BOR ~ODE, Book ' IS C.9lled.the freed.om pe~_og,f~BeR~oau: Art, ~~e 1:i{t, Se_a. 5(b))_, : . ' " ' ' '. 268). •.·. . . · . .r{.f.~-J .· ?y.?_•< . _.~ i,.l. f. -;f~!._ti9n· 1s~l_ed dunng th~ 6?-<Jay freedom .. · : . . ·. \·?''' 1~ · · "~pJjm;>'d;:lZA-?.lif€ENA,supra--a'f 493); . While_ a valid .and_ ··regist~r~P. c~g!.;ia .fi.x~~ · g.'~ne.&'ii!J!ium -t~ regi$te~ an _indepl:ndent .. durati_on is subs)sting,. the BL~;i~!np.'f-a1Jo.wedffe. ·; un!on (2_.AZ_UCENA,·supra at 496t and · hol~ an election cont~~ting" the·i:r$j9rity 1i~~s of ·t;~h.· . CSA was · s1911e.d b_efo're or . withirf the . the incum·b~nt union·duri!19 \ts s!;yea(-Yfertn .o~ J;,H'\.f'~",~-;_;;j,Jra~~omperiod· (/RR 9t,the .L4BOR CODE,··. · repr~sentation except dunng the 9Q~ay.ij~rf9--a:;:.,,.,..,,hL<.c....:......,--~0k V, Rifle XVI, .Sec.::~(b)) ... im~eoiately prior ta: .th~' exP,ir~tion\?,f!he ;~rtear . term. The 5 years -shall, tie reckor,e~r,t;fr.6¥'JI the . .3.' Deadlock Bar Rule · :_ · ·.. · · · . date ofeffec:fivity of the CBA(IRR oftfie-'{fi.,BOR: . · 1t simply "provides.that a petition for certification. COD~. Book V,Ru/e XVll,. Sec. 7,. as amended election can oniy_.be e'ntertained··if .there is n:o by o.:o. N~ .. 4:0-03).:· : . · · · · · i , ," ·. · · -pending · bargaining deadlock submitted tb . . ' .. .. ' ,. i::onciliation' or ai:bitralion or' had· bedorrie the ' Note: ~eQistration- of .CBA only puts. into' ~ffect. subject qf a valid notic·e o°t strik~ or lockout. Ttie .. . the Contracl-B~r R\JI~· but tbe CBA_itself is valid · . . . · · ·pr(ncipal°,purpose: is tq · ensu"re stability in· the · · .. and: binding even i.f unregistered '(Tanduay ' relationship pfthe'work~rs and the rri'anagefoent 'Disfill<:1iYLabor Unio'i1 NLRC, G:R. No: 75037; · ·. . '(NA<;;USIP-T.UCP. v. Oir.. Trajcjlno,· G.R.. ·,No,. · Apo1 30, ·1987). · · · ·67_48·5, April 10, _tp92); · .1_9_97).
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Requisites.for .Qontract-Bar.Rl!le: . a: · It. ·.must: contain· .·.substantial te·rms.. an~. conditions of empl_qym~nt · sufficient to stabilize the t:?argaining rel~tionship; · : b. rt rriu~'f be sigrfed by the pai:ties; . . ... . . c.· The.effective date·and .expiration date must. ... Qe readily. dis(,'ertii!Jle on the .face of ··the· ' .contract·(2 AZUCENA, supra at _496). .
Whe~ · .not: appli_c.ab_re:. .f 11 · case of. artificial · deadloql.<' which,: is a deadlock· prec\rr~nged or·· ' preserved by coliusion"of Jhe ernployer and: th(;! . majority unjon.· '{2 .,tl.ZUC£;::NA,-supra a( 490). . ... ' . · . Artificial De.adjock is. a. deadlocl< •prearranged . or preseryed by colluslqn. (;jf the eniploye~ and · · · the·- majority .urii_on: lt is tfle ~eceptiorr.of ~he · workers: hef)ce; i:iot a barrier 't<;'I a petition fo'r a Certification El_ec;tion.(ld.). . · ·
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LA-BOR RELATIO·N·S SA~ SEDA LAW CENTIWIZ.£.D S-M Of'ERATIONS. ~
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Deadlock arises when there is .an impasse, which presupposes' reasonable .. effort at good .· faith barga"ir\ing which, .despite noble intentions, did riot . conclude In an agreement .between the· parties · . · · (Ta.bangao. -Shell Refine,y ·Employees 'Assoc.· v.. PilipinasShe!/,.G.R. No. 170~07/Apri/ 7, _2014). .
Note; Th~ absence.ot-the partles! mutual declaration . . of deadlock does riot. mean· that there· ..was no . deadlock. At most, it would . have been . siinp1y a re'~0.gnition.of 'the· prevailing statusquo between the .parfles (Tabangao She/1.Refiner:y:Emp/qyeesAssoc.·· .G.R. .: . . v, Pilipfntls·Shell, . . . Noa. -170007,. Apri/1,'· 2014). . . .. .
. : . ~: higi~ations Q(a G_~ouine £?e~dlo.c.k: :_ · . , . a. · The .submlsslon of. the deadlock to -a . . concflatlon or arbitration; and ' . b. : The clea.d_lock tsthe subject.o! a-valid notlce ~ . . ·. of strjke- or lockout (fil(!tionar Cqtigr.ess· ot-~:·-.. .. . . .lli!!an5::. in . 'Sug_ar ' ln_dus_t,Y...-~e:P'1'ne · . . Ph_fllppmes v. Dir:T,:aJcmo, G-~Nb:_{f]4B5, · . ... · ~pril'10.·19~?J- .. ··/
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'T'liY. file: General rule: Atiy l,.egitiniate Labor Organization (L~O), including a_ national union, or 11/ Federation ln behalt of the LLO. . · · · · . . · :~:_:' . Exceptfon:. Employer when asked to.barqaln ·. : · _ · . · · Whe~e-to fi_le:"Reglona1.o·~c,fwhJch issued 'the certi!.[cate of registration _or. certificate of.creation
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1, . · Petition 'must be verified..13Ad undecoathby President or ·authorized representative. ~ ·· · · 1.
Name of.applicant union; principal address, · . . · .. · . · . , •• , H independent Union, .certiffcate o(registration'number_and date issued. · •, · ~ · · · . . · · · · · · · .·, If local chapter, charter-certificate. · 2 .. _. Name .andaodress or· empleyer-cornpany. : 3;. Descrlptionof me. appropriate bargaining 'unit and thetotal number of employees in the appropriate . barga°inlng unit." ·. . . . ·. . .... _. . .: . . . . . . . - . .. . . .
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. ·u!1organii~d Establi_~h-me.nt \'.'Jheh·' -to· file:- Any time· · Addition~! , ·. petition require!Jlents: .. 1. That there is rio·registe.red . : .. ·.CB,t\-Ji{the··employer unit. . . 2. Otherrelevanffacts: . '-·
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. .: . Run-Off..Ele~tion refers to an election between the labor unions receiving the.z highest number of votes ir( a certification orconsent election with 3 · or more choices, where sucha certltled or consent results in none Of tl"le-.3·.Choices Fe.ceiVil')g. 'themalortty Of the valid votes cast; provided that Jtie: total number pf votes for all contending unions I~ at least· ~0% of the number ofvotes 'cast ·(/RR ·or·the'.f..ABOR_ CODc, Book V, Ru/Ii! 1;,Sec. ttss), as emenaea'bv D.O. No . . ·40:03j:
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Re-Run ElecFon tak_e_s·place in 2 instances.. , . 1. To break a tie between the cpntending unions; or . ··: ·· 2. ·'it a failure of election has been declared by the election ·officer ,fod/or afffrmed by the. Med- . ArbJter (D.0.-·No. 40-/-15,.Rule I, Sec. 1.(tt)). ·
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In both instances, "no union"; is also a choice. · Coriserit ~le·puo·n:.:.... voluntarily agreed upon, by tti~., -.parties.with or without theIntervenflon of DOLE (/RR . of the LABOR .CODE,·:_Book V,-f?Ule·I, Secrttn), as· : amended by D. 0 .. Nd. 46-()3) ·
No~e: . tv1~d-A~iter may ... . . determine if . there is employer-employee . . relationship .and . if_ 'the . . voters are ellgible. · Re-'Run Election refers to ~ri election conducted to . . break between thecontendlnq unlons, includlng. . . -· . When . · requested to -between "No Union" and one of the unions.' It shall . · .rbargaiFl collectlvely in a· ·. ·.likeW!se refer ta· anetecnon conducted after a· failure ·. bprgaining. unit where no . of election:h~s been declared b~.fhe electlonofftcer
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LABO'R· . RELATIONS : . SAN SEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS~ MEMORY AID :to19
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registered . collective bargaini_r'lg · unit agre~ment exists, an · . employer .may . file . a petiti"on for certification election · wiUi the Regional Office. But- still the" employer a· non"parfy .. in -the .election process -(2··-AZUCENA, supraat 478)
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"T.ITLE EIGHT: STRIKES AND LOCKOUTS AND FOREi:GN. INVOLVEMENT IN, TRADE UNION·. · ~C_TIVITIE~ ·
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CHAJ:»TER I: STRIKES· AND LOCKOUTS '• . . • v \ . . \ ARTICLE... 2'78: STRIKES.; ·. PJCkETiNG -AND . :LOCKOUTS· . . . ~ . Concerted A9t.ivity ts one. undertaken-by 2 or more employees <. or. by .:1 on behc!!_I( ·of tl\e -others (2 AZVCENA,.slJl?_ra -et ?73). . . ·. . ·. . ·
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.4.~TICLE 271: El\!IPLOYER.AS BY$TANDER In: all-cases, y,,he~her the petition "for certification · ·.,' -electlon.is filecf ~.y an employer a legitimate.labol' .. :, ·organi~ation..the employer shallnot be considered a ~' :' party thereto with. a ccncomltant ·right to oppose a peti,tion"fpr certlflcation .election (LA_BOR CODE, Art. _/(....,. ~'. V1). . . . . ,·. . · . .. /'-.; -··1?
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Str_ikeii$. any tempor~ry 'stoppa_ge of work by the . concerted action cif employees' as a tes.ult· of ·:a"n industrial or. labor: dlspute., Stfike .encompasses not. !~y) ..· WO.rk .stoppaqes but_ also the f~lfowing: ·(SMS-
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· · .· · _ · . · . · //./J.'·\ 1 .. SlowdbWns·; The -emptoyer's partlcipation in .such pro.ceedin:gi/ · ·:)\. 2: · ~~S!> lea~es; . l'-t .· shall-be limited to: ' . . · .l.f~;.-.,,,.,,,. 3. · §1tdowns, . . 1.. Bei"rig notified or informed .of petitions of :."--:-}!:~/\~~mgts.Jofl~ma·~~·. dest_roy,_or.sab(?l~~~ plant . natur~; and .. .: . . . ·.. . _;,,...;::;/ :--::J 11·---~-~.f.l~nt_a.nd_fcicihtles and-_s1m1lar.~ct1v1t1es; or . . 2. · Submitµpg the list of employees duriag'the prE:~fLJ? 5.·. _Qveij1m.fij·~OyGo_t_t (2 JJ.Zl)CENA,supraat 573) ... election conference should the Me{-l\rbit"eract,..:r-'i,~ · · .. /I t .: f ··· or th8. · ff1 (, "BOR C-ODE Aft ,,\ Labor d1sp.U( e,includes any controversy or matter .. . . . y. on ion t,,.r\&75 )-·~'<;'·~ · . J,:' conce~i-~ t~fm\orcor:i.di"tiori~cif employm~nt.or. t~,e . 1; F - · · · . . . . . · _;~,.:r\I -..:..~·. ,;-~ assoc,at,pn ~or. \repres~n.tat1(:m of p~rsons ·.in .· th . . . I · ·· · b. I' v · (fh',:,._i.1·th,:;:;:;~ . . . · " .... ·. "' negotia~\>ns~" fixir.t-g·,. rtiaint~iliing; changing. or- . e emp oyer e ie e5; . . $It ~'1iJl.ill,on •,",\as -1 ·arraftg·l'n':f'ffie-tril'is"a d con:.:..·t· f . I t ' inappropriate me"mbership b 1::allse it ir:1&ut1es r -.)!,.. '.1 ' • ,,,;~·.\!:. ·'' ~.-x•• 1· n ul ,on:- 0 ·emf). oym~~ • i. d-fl _- ·.th. ·. . ii e ,.. ._ '.. ""~i"li'"'· ~ti r . · ,,)': r~ardle~s~Lw&etneror not the disputants stand m '· .. '<:In_ I e WI. man<)ge~,~ SUPf:rYISO{Y,r'?'.1)'" qy~es, '"'f ·tl:ie pro).<1mate relati9n of..employers and emplqyees _,,; · E:lllP,loyer.'s re~o~rse I~ _not to 0PP.
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P.,ND. .VOLUNTA.R?'°"ARBiT_RATION" .· . . ,,,.,. . . . . . (Pleas~ see qiscussionqn- Gtievahct;i "M_ac_hineryand .Vofunta,:y_.-"Arbitration. under _JURISDICTION AND · · REMEDIES): ..
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~r~~=~t~~~s ~~~Fi;~:· · term~ anct-con_ditions ofth~_ir erriployinent( Gold City /,:itegrated. Port: Servicf!!,· lo.c. v. NLRC, G.R. No. 1-D3560, Jl.!IY 6, 199p). · . · · · · · _. . : · . .. . ·'. _: .. ·.. · .· · ..,. . · .-The_,_L~w.r.:i_ay-~·r.of)ibit Sfri_ke but ~ot .the R_ight.to_ Seif,organizati~n . _ . . . A ·1aw rnay be: passec:i"prohibl_~irig l>elected sectors of labo.r from resorting lo ·strikes. ·However; a. 1$.w. cannot ·be.. pa~sed: prohibiting' selec.te.d.se<,_tors· of · tat;,qr from org~nizing uniciris- (2AZUCENA,·supra at · 5f14)... . . . . . . .- ... ~ :·. . . . ·. ·:. - ·.. ·. ; . locko~t is a term commonly .ui;ed".to e:Xp.ress an . Eimployer's .ac~ of excluding "·fro_m his pl~ot union . , rtJembers hitherto employed· _by him:: The 13ct may .affect alt. or less than .i\11. of tfie. ernp!oyee-l!nioh · · members .. · Lockout,:ln· the .sense· in·· which it is universaJly use"d,Js ari_ "act directed ~h.e union itsel_f rather than at the individual employer- members of. .. the · u.nion (St.~. Mesa Slipways . & : Engineering' ·. Company,Inc. v. CIR, G.R. No."·L-4521, August 18,
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.SAN SEDA !,AW CENTRALIZEDBAR OPERATIONS I '1.
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·-1 LABOR R.ELATIONS .
SAN BEOA BAR OPE:RI\TIONS - MEMORY . . L:AW CENTRALIZED . . ' . . . . AID 2019 .
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Nature of1he iilgh.t to.Strike and Lockout 'J:he right to .strike is a constitutional and legal right of the workers as the employers have. the inherent and statutory right to Iockout, al.I withiffthe context of labor relations and collective· bargaining· (Guidelines GoverninqLabor Relations, ·October 19, 1987).
· 4·_ Public thoroughfares should not be impeded (/RR of the· LABOR. CODE, Book V, Rule XX/I, Sec.13, ~s emended by_D.O. No. 4_0-'03)... .. . · N"ote:.'Art.~79(~}-of the Labor ·cod~ prohibits any . person eJ'!gage~ in picket,ng · from ob~tructing the . free ingress to and ·egress from the employer's A Lockout is de.emed lawful.when: (TUW) . . . ·· premises : (Jackbilt -tndustries, tnc: v. · Jackpilt 1. . In anticipation of a !hreat~ned),trike; ·· . . . ·: · · ·· ! Employees Worker$·Un_ion-NAFLU~KMU,G.R. Nos. 2. In response to 31'! Qflprote.ctedstrike or walkout: . 171618-19, Ma;ch 20, ·2009). or : · · · · · · · .- ·. · ·. ·· · ·· · . 3. In response to a whipsaw 'strike (2-AZUCENA, . The picketing of .a private home in a .residen1i~I SUPT? at _579f.· .. ,.. :· . . ·. . . . ': . . . district is."g.i:m.erally"held. improper,'0\l~n .when the ~ · . picketers .are domestic servants. This is. on· the·. A LockoutIs deemed unlawfui w"hen: (D_AB)" · .. gro4nds \ha("a-. homeJs not ah' industrial or -a · 1: It is to .Qiscourage and dissipate mernbershlpin buslness:enterprise, that it . is· not·. acquired _or . - a labor organization or otherwise kill the union; . . maintained for pecuniary gain'··ar profit, 'but rather, 2. .lt is to ~id a particular · union by preventing · · that ft is .a~ .fristitution.. used ahd maintained 1:1~ .. further organizational work .of its riyal, or_ tQ;.=--.:....;e.t~ceot abode, and.thatan enterprise r11:>t conducted coerce the employees to Join the. faVor~,d:camim;·y' .-:as"gi~~ of livelihood, or for profit, ·does not come ?r when . . . : . .. ·.. . .' :/p·.. .J~ltliinJ,'thJ~o!d)nary. meaning . of .such . terms· a~ 3. It is to avoid ~a.rgaini~g (Id.). .·.p- ~~ · !.,~J:ll!si{est)r'acj(,or, 'industry' (2 :A~U.CENA.!. s_upra
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"if" · ~Jri~r~a~e~i:,r;~ ~ny person who_ ··obstructs. 0 .. • • , ~ • • J.~ ,Jfhp~des4~~ .!!'ll~f'f.e.~s.t~Yforc:e;. Vio!ence'.. COE:fCion,. · • ·.- . .· · -1 . . . a. •· . · threats or.1nt1nild~i): \1th any peaceful picketing by .They.l;iy .th~ emRloyees_ D.one'_, #le· tc.R:!&.tere . .-.: . :,;,1.. ~./ i~"i! . : ··: .- : · · . ' · ·. . '(Sta."Mesa Slipways & Engiq. ,;· 9{pom .11.. -, r ·.. ..kS:@~~.i'refe~~ ta-{~e e~t~bU~_hment, ~arehouse; v.. CIR, G.R. No. L-4521, A~g~st ..1fJ,. '\952)~t..P~\.._m,~ .·. ~e.p,~~f~!:1Js ,or oJ.ces, ir:,cfuding :.tJ)e sit~s or . · . ,· - ·. . .'. · \. \~ ... ~..:'.' ' ,~/pf~iti)~s'~ed as '),mawayshqp~ ·of ·.the errfP,loy~~ Boycott 1s an atte':1pt: by_ar?.us1.~g~af~<;i~f_lo~~!°'~fU<;R.,~g{;{inst,.~-*~~(1 a~ t~e · in:i.media.~~ vicinity coerce· othe,:s; against their will to."«Jthh~~froin:Oll'e~~.J,ac~,slllS,: us'@AP~;~icl<etmgstnk~rs in moving to,and . ·d:n_?mina_ted "unfrien_dfy to lcj6?r''~Q~it ~~f~~l~--'-~ft~~~~~fo_'J!~int~ of ~ntra~1;e to..anq e~!t front ?ai~ ~u_smessmter~ou~se -(2·.AZUCE:'A: s_upr;,ilf!i1·81):... M·f.fl~~)Jst-1.· ~nt (LABOR 90~E,-~rt. ¥19(~>;- _: . .· .. -· . ~-.·· .. '.;·... ·. · .. ·. ··. Slo:wdQWn .is a 1"!1ethod ~Y Wl:lich- .one_'s,,_ei:nployee_, . ar:so: inclt:1.d_es ·the·· area· ,mme~iate!y b!3fore the . without see.king·.a complete stbpp·age of work,"-re.tatd._:-. '·points. of. er.1trancearjd exit of astabi"i~hmenf"s~rucK ·. prodµc~~m .an!:1 .distribution i.r:i·:an. effort to _cor'!'i"pel.. : . ·.~ga.in.st.-t1ciwever,·tfle·ii;ig~e~s tq a·nd eg"ies.s(r.om fhe · compliance by the· en:iplciyer with the labor ."tjeman.~s . .·· ,estaol1shmei1,1f strlic.l<· against.are·pot part of the stiik·e m~de :up'ori hir:n.. (2 AZUGENA.,sup,ra.~f'fi.BBJ:.. : . . : · j;lreci·aild )'fi~y not 'be blcic)<e!;l .nor""pict<eted .(NCMJ3 : ·· ·· ·· ... · · : Pri'mer_:orfStrfke, .Picketing· and Lock.out, p. ~4}. .. :PicJ:<etlng· is _'an act of.·mwching.to _and ffo.,the .:. · · ·· ' :: . ·.·. · · - , ... employer's "pi:errlises,. usually .accomparifod .by th~ · .. 'Fo~m~ ~f St'rike,;;:(LiE~tiP.s~swis.s~Q~it-G2LoR) display.Qt placardifand,.otl:lef signs. makirig."known . ··.1"., .!,egal Stn_ke ~·one·called:fqr a Valid J?Urpose . ··.: -tl)e facts' involved in a "labor dispute. This is":ari' · . . '-:_ and qmd_ucte'd.t_tiroug}1.~eans allowe~ ,by la~ .. · ·. · ex.ercise.of.one'.s.freedo"m ot'speec:li. (2 AZUCENA; - , ·2 ... !11~!).al. Stfike ~ one st~ged_for .a.-pur'pose not · supra at 675). · -.. · ··- re·cognized by. l~w. or ·if for. ·valid. purpos·e·, .· .. ·· condµcted.thr61,Jgh IT!ElaAS nof ~ii.!nCti~ned ·by law .Re~·µi~i*.!).~.f~r Lawful P:ickeji~g; . , (N,CMB.P.rirrJe.r Stnke~ 'RiqkeW>g and l,ockqut, 1. · 1rshoulc;I be peacefully carried out; · . · p. 3).. : . . . . .. ··: ._·, :. .· . . . ... 2. · . TherE:r:5hould ,be rio of.v.iolerice, coercion,.or 3. .5conomic. Strike -=- one _st~ged · by wor~ers to ·. ·. intlmidatjon attendant.thereto; .. force·wage or other ·econorn"ic concessions from. ·3 .. Th~.'.lngress .or··egress. fro(Ti the .C(?rnpany the. employer whi~h he:is not requ.lrecfby l!3W to. premis.e~ should, not be obstructed; snd ·. gra.ht {Cons_o/idafedL~bor"Ass.oc. of-the PHL v..· . . . . . ·. . '. . ..
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Marsrilan and Co., lnc., G.R. No. L"'-17038, July 31, 1964). . · . . 4. Y.L.:.P Strike ., one called to protest _against the. employer's acts of ULP enumerated in Art. 258 inc"ruding gross violation of the C_BA arid union . busting: . . . ,._ · · ·S. .£.rimary· Strike is a strike. conducted 'by.the · · . · workers against their employers ", ir.ivplving· a: labor dlspute directly. affecti,:ig them. It is- /ega/. because therels a.labor dispute involved. 6. . §econdary Sfrik.es ·a}e workstoppages . . , of· . workers· qf onecompany to. 'exert pressure on, "thetr ernployer.so.that'the latter will ln tum bring . pre·ssure upon the . employer· .. of . another company with whom: another unlon .has a iabor .. dispute. · · ·
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political strike arid "therefore there is nelfher a. bargaining deadlock nor any ULP. It is a political· .."rally·{2 AZU(lENA,.supra. et 583-584). · 13. §.~od Faith Strike~ a·str-ik~ justi~ie9 by belief in
· gobd faith .that the employer was ·comfl.lltting unfair labor practice at the time the strikers· went · on strike. Goo'd faith saves· the strike frombeinq declared, illegal and the strikers from being declared to have. lost their employment-status (2 .:: . AZIJG~NJ\ supra at 918). . ·. , . _ 14. General .' Strike - extends ove.r·. a whole . community, province, state ,Or ceuntry, . . · :.. ' ... . 15. Local Str:ike - is one undertaken byworkers in · - · a particular enterprlse, locality; oroccupatlon: it usually involves only one unlon or 'or1ly·.on~·. It is iilegai. because-there 'is labor dispute ·. indu_stty (2~AZUCENA,supra-at$80J.· .. ··involved.A strike-can validly takeplace only in 16. fiecognitronal_Sfrike - a strike to compel the the presen9_~.of".and inrelation to a labor dispute_,/~) .. · . ER to reco.gnize one's union "(2' AZUCENA; be\ween·~~~!9~er:a11d employ~?· . · .:· st.ipr~·at 623)~. ·; .. . · ·
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_§it~Down ·stri~e - characterlzed by"·a temp{.r.:1i{) work::stoppage of Yfor~ers who thereupon s~~e;', ~:'.;_J.,. or. oqcupy pr:operfy-of._ttie·employer.or· reJt1fe·t.9,,v) ;:;' · yacate the_ pre~ises of the . ."emp!OY~f?:''< ;.-' r1 .
Economic Strike .v. ULP.·strike
. . It is il;~al beca,use. 1t ~mounts .to)~£9i1~in,:1I.a&_:::~~ .. A volu~~a9,f s')ri)se . . An i'rwoluntary ~tri~e; · .. . beca~~e_ · . tne. : el'J'.]pk5yees , tr_~~.P-a~s,;i.-on~.the b7c.ause/fhetenif?toyee.'· the .labor _<:>rgan,zatiorr 1~ . premises ot·th.e._empioyer.J~A.ZUC~~AVSUP[."!_.,, · wit~ declHre ~.stnl<e to· forced to Q_O or:1-strike · . at 580-584). -'· · ;(·'~-0. ·· -~~' : · : .. -.,. c9mp~lfman~ge~entt9 because of.the ULP . . . ·..: \',:it• "'.P.' =::f?')i"f\ .. \.':,-.....~ . . pl . grafi'.fiil's,'c!er;r.fanas;~ . committ~d agaiiii:;t then) 'l ,,,•~ - • ''...J•'•" .~ ,~tli'f:· / • --8. Wiidcat. Strike·- one· de~!areg:::;:~~~f.-stag'e,4 · ii,~ · -...f~il.:..:.--:-:" · bythe-employei'."Jt i~ an .Without filing :_the r~quired . n~~...,_.w··~V;i.kE::ag;ct :· act of self-defense since witM1.,1t..the majqrity.apprpvar of-'..t~~ recdgniz~d employees'are- , ·bargainil'lg. agent fN.fMB fiiriie:~·:-9.fi:JStrike,.-):'};;,1 ·-~-J,,-,,""'.""i-,---··· . · . _being P,Ushe:d .tci- the Wa.11 . .Pickgtingand.Lockqut,-p. 4) .. · /t,;_.:....:·.':_....._.. ·....,,:µ.J.J~,:.)· .and tlieir only·rem.edy is. · 9. Sympathetic.· Strikes . ..:. work ~toppa§'.~&/ of .. · · .· . , · t6-stage a strik,e:·. . ·:. . ·'.· workers : of on~· company '.lo.. mak'~~~f11n.ibn . .. . · .. qau~. with··other. strikets of other~companies, . ·. wi(houf -dema_iids· or grievances'. of "thefr own Ttle· . . . 'collective Either: : .. . .. .. ·against the e·fl.lployei-. .·. · . ·.. -· ba·rgainirig agent of th~ 1: c;:qlle.ctiye ..bargaining . . . ,·· . . . ~ppr9priate · bargaining agent; or. . '• . · ·· . :is.. ;;legal ~ec;"use there is . no· ·labor dis'ptif~·. ·unit. · · ·· 2. _The le.9i_timc;1te· · rab_or · .between the wo"r.kerswho are joir:iir.ig··lhe strikers· organization .rn behalf .of arid the latter's employer"(2-A?UCENA, supr:;rnt its 1110!11._bers. . 58~).:' . ·. ·. . ·. ' ·' . .
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10. §10..wdown. strik·e _:. ~ne: staged ·V!ithou·t" the workers quittJng thei_r· . work but . merely slackenlr:t~i"· or· by·· reducing their ··norm'al war~ ·output.- - , . . . . . 11 .. Q_ulckie ~.trikes or._P._artial_Str/ke -..brief ar:,d . unanho1,11:,c:ed.· ternp·orary · ·.work stoppage; iricludiFlg slowdowns;_ unauthorized extension of res{ periods; :anq walkouts for portions- pf a shift .· or.for entire·shifts (2 AZUCENA, supra at 580). 14. ~~u_se Oriented'.Strikes -·to.make a stand on certain national. issues:
30.days from the ffling of. the_.· notice· ~f strike .be.tore the· inten~ed date 'of. actual ·strike, subject _t.o thef.day strike.ban, No: "mandatory ..
1"_5"days from the flri~g o~ : tb~ ;notice_ .. of . slrike_. subject: . to- the · 7-day strike ban.
exc~ption, _CCJ.olin!i(-9ff. P.~riod ··may · be dispensed with; and the . uriion :: may take.. Immediate a.ction in'qase
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3.. [nter-unlon or i.ntra-~n.ion dis·p·utes (2 AZ.UCENA; . supra at ~12); . . : . .. · . · . .. 4. Physical 'rearranqerrrent of the office (Reliance Surety.& Insurance Co., tne .. v, NLRC, G.R. Nos. . 86917-18; January 25, 1991); ... . 5: Cases pendirJg. at the D_OLE Reglona.l Offices. SL.R, N!-RC or its regional qran.che~. Office of the POLE· Secretary,. Volu.ntary Arbitrators, . Compulsory Arbitration, Court Appeals, and· . Supreme Court; · . · · . ·.-· 6. · E?<ecution .and enforcement : of: fioal orders, · ·. deC.iSions. f0SOIUti01'.1S ·or ·awards in the cases . mentionad.m number 5. (2-AZUCE/IJA, supra at
of dismissal . from . employment . of tlieir · .. officers. d.uly -elected in accordance with · tt,e . ,:union's constitution and ' .. by-laws, . which may -constitute, union. busting where· the existence of · th~ union i~ threatened, ·..
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• . . be N~t.en.titled·to said pay Said.. pay. -rnay "' ·i>h·ased .~n.. ttie.,yrinciple ,~~ardfd _inf t at "a air da.1 s wage iscre ion ·0 ·. · . .. accrues: oniy .·.fqr. a fair auth~iity -decidlnq the .d~y·~.. latiqr) . · c~se. (LABOR CODE, Art. 278): ··
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Viplations of CBA which ··i;ir.e-· not. gross in . characte/ shalt be. resolved 'via i!ie' Grievance Miichin.ery(Lf\BOR eooe. Art. 27il);" .8'.. Co.mpar:iy's Sales 5vaJuation Policy · (GTE r : • • ••• • •••• : •••••• , •• •• : ~...1-,,,_=-:-=c=s~-Directorie.'s Cotp. v._:Hon: sencnez, 'G.R.· No . . Grouhds for Strikes/Lockout~: ,:,:'-"-.:-:-.--· "iuf - °i\ --;-r6-.4j9', May 27, ,1991); and .... 1 · JS. collectlve b~~"-~ duJy ~~cuted ~BA (2 AZUCEN.A, supra at · · e~ploy~~_(LABOR CODE, A1f.-2l8)\/,r--~ · · .---:."&1--?l:k(A~ · . · . . .' · .· .7.
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Cha.racttfrlstlpspf,Strik.es:· (E~99~·0S)"' ;, ·,.,,,) ~~~~~cl,at~l~.tr1k_e··or.Lockout;·.. 1. The(e·ip.1.1si:i?.e.a~ establi~~e'f:l_'t;{t~:relf~ion~h~.. ~~ 4~ ·Any\ c.ertldE(d,_ ?r\~d.uly·· fe'C(?gnlzed.. bargaining · · b!=liween, the. str_,kers .an~ the :Pgrson/~ ag~1nst · ,lf_,y·\ . repr~sentat1v~~ i1 · · Whom.the,strike is caJle9,r.P-;:;,,.tf·' : r-T~Jflf-Z:-Einpo}'er_.\~ \, .. . · . . 2. .Tfi~ ·exist~nce of a .QisP,'µte~'6-~t· ~en tq~ P8r]fe'S·/4 Ii c::'1.Jit,(.· J · . . arid' .the··:Ulilization .~y 'the ~~apon@~~);tounds:..Bargi·rnng) adlock and l)t~ · · ·. . ·cah~rt~d tef!ls:al }°: rer.~ : ~--~i.~n,~; ~ . ~-:.:; ! : . ·. :- . . .: · persuading. or coerc1n9. _90~8han~:!t'~l)1 ffi~ja:t>~nce o'f:--" ~ff.;@Zp.fi~n}t1·1thE3··!1stablis~ment. m~y ·declare a · . although the work ..~eas~, ··.the \emp.· V~~i~~(Jt oW,y o.o gr9flndsof ULP..(IRRytthe.LABOR . · rel~ti~~ ·.is deen,ed· to ·_conti.~e·al~t~.Ln~ s~~iE.l, .,.f}d(J/1s-~~ -.r1.i.'\,.)-·,/ · .· · .. . , · :. . . . . . t~,:nporary;. ·. ·. . · .' ..• ·. · ··•. if: ·'N~f:e~A--fuj~r.ity·union .caF1noUawf~IIY.u~~.e~ake a 5. T~e. wcirk s~oppage.. 1s . done .. tbro 9!.l.,,Jh~· l\rl~dga!n~tthe· E:ri'lp!9yer;·. no labor. dispute· c~n . , Concerted. a9t1on .of the, empl,oyees; ·and. · ~..,.,.~ex.1stbetween a 'minority union an.d an employe.r. . "6.'- .Ttie: :·§tl:iking. ';grou·p :·. j_s--.. a. legitimate ·1ab_or · However: ·i.f may. en·g~9.e· Jn .p~ac~f\JI eoncer.ted -.organization, ·· and · ·.jn· ·. ci;ise.. of:· .bc:1rg~i.ning · c1ctivities.. short. of strike. or. filer a·..wti;>,: c;arnplaint.. If · c;leadlpc~; · is . the. employe~_~.. ·sole : ·barg·ai.nii:lg . (.JLP, fs:committed l'lgainst the. tn.inority union, it. is· still rej:>resenta~ive'{2 ~ZUCENA, supra at 5!4-57p).. . -the. SEBA Which car,i-. d~cJare a ·$trike'.(2 AZUCfNA,.
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. Protection,ot:strike ,. · ·.. ·· . :1 .. ··1i'is ge'n'.etallynpf subfec:t"to labor injunction or . · Pri:>cech~~~~:R~~~i~·ites::(GF-S..A,RC~7) · · · .· ., 'res.tralnJi:ig'_order; ' .. . . . . : . · . · .L -A stfikeLinust be based cin a ,valid .and .factual · ·· 2.: ·. Employees niay not he .~iscril'nin~ted agajnst : . · Ground; a 'strike. or loclaine·gr-0unds for the) . . strike 'oriockout. . .
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SAN BEDA LAW CENTR_AL/Z~DBAR OPEBATl(!N_S- fliEMORY AID 2019 . . Mi EH . ?#c& k H WtE!Wf WCFM W4A>Wjii-Mi¥i~~~~~ ....:.
taken where a majorlty' vote of the members of the · Board . of Directors of a corporation or .as_sociation or partners. in 'a partnership, must approve it, 'obtained by secret ballot in a meetinq duly. _called for the purpose;
A notice of strike or lockout must be Fiied. with NCMB-DOLE: . . . . . .a. At least ·30 days from the intended date .thereof, if- the issues involved arose from a c.olf~ctive bargaining dea.dlock; or · . b. · At least 1.5 days from the lntebded date, if the 'lssues raised are in the -nature of unfair · tabor. practices.
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Purpose: To ensure that· the decision to strike· · broadly rests with the majority ·of the Union members irr" general . and riot : with mere .rniriority, at. the -same time, discourage wildcat strikes, union .busting and even. corruption.
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union' officers- duly elected in accordance with the. union ccinstitoti~n and by-laws, which mify constitute u'nion·busting where· the existence of the -union is 6, · A strlke · or _lock<':fut vote -Report· sho~i~ be threatened, -the. 15~day cooling~o.ff pejlod 'shall. riot . "subrnltted to .the NCMl,:3-DOL.E at least seven (7) apply· and the'. u,:iior11 may take. action inim~diately : . ·. ·. days before' the intended date· of: strike· or after' the strike 'vote is conducted, the-result thereof lockout; subject to the coolingjoffperiod. submitted .to=the DO.LE (NCMB Primer 'on .. Strikf#, . . . . . . . Picketing· and Locko-ut,"p~ 5-6). · . Purpose: To. ensure (hat a -strike vote was . · · · · · · Indeed t?1k~ri and in the ev.ent 'that the report iS. f -. Where'to ·tile the.notlce _of-~tr_ike or: loc_koL;t: . ,.,·<} false, -to afford themembers an· opportunity to Jr. 1. ~J~·!h~ Regional Hr:anch "of the ·NC~B h_av)r/Jf,'::cl': : · 'take the appropriate remedy-before it is t90 late.: ic. . jurisdiction over· the . workplace of the UJ?IP')'.I, ;,;:i, . . . . . 'members: or · · . : . · . l,;./(~_.. .'..;,;:'i Note:·ln the event the result of the strike/lockout ;: 2. · Where two _or 'more ~eg_ion?I branches iij}v.<;h:.. ;),~~allot i~J.iled. withi~ the coollnq-off period, .the . ..,, . · ·. jurlsdiction. over-the-workpfac.e, 'the· Brari,c~fh~t,•_"(f~i~--~.t_~ev~n,J7,):pay requirement shall _be counted from . .shal,1.have first received the notice "shaJr.acquire\ry n .tff~·dayJollowingt~e expiration of the cooling-off. • junsdictio,:i 'ove(ttie dispute to th_e.,J(clusion 9f\~q . : period.j).'i~ffed, tn·~·s'even. (7)_ days ?re added . ·. the <_:>t~er{s}; . · . . ),-·!\ :to the J~~a;y or 30-day cooling off period, as the. 3. _ay wntr~n agr~emer1t.~f ~th pa_!:!i~lth~nu_e . r).!, · case;9.u1.Ube}, · . ,. . . . _,>:•• of the dispute shall. b_e,det;lr.r.i~~wap/~d('{l\lCMB. · i:t'\ · .' · t'··, .f; t .· · . · . Manual of Procedures(f&;Coot:ilif).tioiJ ancft.,. !·'~ . 1:··, Exc!ptil"\~c~se~ of union busting, the _g_ooling·off _ · Prev.e_r.,tive.Me'difJ_tion Casf{1l/'R_dltrif.}fJ3pc. t.,)fb ... by law. shOl,ild be fully · 4.. A not11:;~ mus~ be served to-:1,~· Np~_B_,:l,:}OLE!:~J < r1,1 · .obseP1.e'.°~t1d · ·. ·.. ,. least" 24. hours prior-,'to· the ,a.Ki~g;-0f<~tril<~ d .8. The seven· (Z} day waiting period· or strike ban:. lockout :Vote _by secret ballotinl!/1,if)fomtj~g_ said i>,(,.....-,.,.,...,a.fter.submission of strike or lockout vote to the . office qf tl)e decision 'to conduct,a~lsttike, or ._J;i•".~_.:.·NlN6fy1§-DOLE· should -be fully qbserved in ALL · lock~~t ve>te, . and the d~fe, pl~i,, and,,f.t~ ·.:..&t~·-_.,_"!tc'~~e\°fln?luqi~gunion busting (NCMf3Primer, on thereof (/RR of/he LABOR CODE,~f!J,ookJj'fi!.V.Je -.: . · Stnke,_ P1c1;<etmg, ~md Lqckout); · )Q(_/1,·_Sec... 1Q,. as amended_ by,D._O_:'~~03)_; · . -~. :SP( FACTORS .AFFEGTING · LEGALITY. Qi= . Pu{ pQses . . .. . . ·. . ·STR~!{E;$::(SPP-MIA). · :. ·a .. · To. inform :.Jie· NCMB :of'the· inier.it of:the·· .·. 1.: §tattJtory. prohi!)ition; ;_. . _ . . union to conduct a strik~ \(Ole; . . . 2.. Strict corr:ipliance with.1:~rocedu~! ·~equi.rements b, · ··Tb give t'he NCMB ainple time t9.decid~ on · ·: of the Law·; · . ·· whether cir not:.there·ls a·"rreep to-.s1,1peivi$.e 3.'. ~UIJ)Ose·.mu·s.tbe.ULP.or_Economic; ,,...., the condu6t ofthei stril<e.v.oti'ai°fo pre.vent any 4 •.'. Lawful Means and methods; . . · act of vfolence. or fr~erfurarities·;attendant 5. · !njunctlon;· arid · . · . . thereto; and ·' . . .· ·, . . ." · · 6.. · 8green'leht of the partie.s (2 (\Z(JCENA;,~up(a.at c. · Should the NCMB decide, mott.i pri:iprio-or·.. . _591). . . . · . . . . . · ·· . 1 : UPQfl the . reQUest of an.Y' interested·. Party . ~. : . . !_. J°ricluding 1he employer; to .siipt:1rvis1r the FIRS! FACTO·R.:)>TATUT9RYP~Ol:llBITlON . ·. strike v0te·, to give·it ~rtlpl~:tfme to prepare Employe~s· in ;the·P.ublic service· ~ay nof~ng~ge in· '. for ~he deployment·.· .. of · ther req1Jisite. slrJkes.. While. the Constitution ·re0>gnizes th'e right-qf personnel, fncluaing. peace qfficers. (2 governm~nt · emplpye·es ;to organize, they are AZUCENA, supra a(5~8): ··.. ·· .. , . . · prohibited from staging· strikes, . demonstrations, . mass · leaves, walk.-outs arid other forms o( mass ~- . 5. A .s;r.ik~ v~t~·.-m·ust be ·tak-~.n wh~r~ ~ -~~j~rlty actio_n 'which will . r~suft in· temporary stopp~g~ or . P· l~ disrupt_ion: of public ·services (Bangalisanv. CA, G.R. ··. vpte· of the··members 6fthe·uhio'ri-must-·~pprove ·No. 124678; Ju/y'3J, 19°97).· ... , . · . · i't, ·obtail')ed ~y s.ecret b~llot,'in a· meeting duly calle'd for the:~ur.pos.e;·or l;I iockout vote must be
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imprimatuiof·themajority of the union members ir- addition to ttie cooling-off pe'riod before·actual strike (2 AZUCENA, ·supra at 598). ·
Remedy.of. Government.Employees: Refer. the · dispute to the . Public Sector LaborManaqernent Council (PSLMC) (E.0,.' 180, $ec: 16). . . ~ . . . . . SECOND FACTOR·: STRICT·COMP.LIANCE.WJTH PROCEDURAL:. REQUIREMENTSOF THE' LAW 1. NQtice' Qf: strike·- must.oefiledwlth the DOLE, .'specific~IIY. the' reglonal · branch oqhi·NCMB, copy furnished the employer. or .the unions; as .. · 'tl)e case !)1aybe (2 AZUC~NA, sup,:a at.595).· ·
THIRD FACTOR, PURPdSE; ULP/EC.O.NOMIC Purpose.Test .. · The strike must be due to ~!lher due to.a bargaining deadlock; and/.or ·an unf.afr. labor practlc.e,. (2 AZUCENA, supra at 61?J. . .· . . . · _ :. ·
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· • ~: • : • • .. • • • • .. ConVersion Doctrlne . ·". :. . .. · .. N_ofe: · ,:rhe ·. f.a_ilure· of the ·yn_ion t?. s.erve the Involves the conversion of a strike from an economic · · companya copy bf the notice of.strike IS a clear . to a tJLP and vice.versa. A strike orlockout may start vlolatloh o.f. iRR ·of f/1.e Lebor Code, Book V, Ru/a· as - an . economlc. s'trif<e. · or. lockout but later XX/I; Sec:.3·~.the'constitli'tlonal.precepts of due · because of the actuation of.the-parties, tJ,e same .Process mandate ·th~i th~ other- party b_e. notified may- be converted to lJLP strike or 'lockout, or vice .of_~~ :,-ad~~r~e action ·...of the· opposing party versa. Under this situation, the conversion doctrlne '. , · (Fif1P._tnO Pipe and.Foundry Corp, :V': .NL.R.C; G.R. . shall apply-in. whjc~ casethe requirements f~r. the _ No. 1151BO,·Nov~mber.J6, 1999}.. . __ ,,.=.,,=--=--==C.O..J]Verted strike/lqckout'(to economic.frorn ULP, or •
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2, qo.olin.g~off Perj~d ·befor~· the intendya-~~t;~f1f_ ~f~'IJ:e~,';'.. as· the. .case may :b~). shalt be observed ·.· actual 5.trike. .su5Ject to the· 7-day ,;lfrike,,l;>ap~)>. ,l~9ns;p1I~af~d _Labor 1 Associetton._of the PJ;fl., v'. a.. _Bargainl!:)g de~dfocl<"":""30 ~ays~(·) s:~~ ...~~(!f!!af.,"!9'c!';<-f>_·.lnc., G.R. Nos. L_ 17038, :July 3.1, b. Ul.P-:- .15 days ·. · . ./ -~·96'4f.,~ ,,~'),.\ ~i" , . -. . :. - · ·
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9~~dc:liii~?~Pl)1,~Wta~!!:J~ LAWF_UL 'MEANS·<. .AND · , ti ,.. At. if' · •, Jfl}. ..METHODS ''f,\ \I · · · immediately .· after ,.yc,:ie s,toke pvote ls ... ~ !f ~ conducted'. and re~J1Jts fy,iS.mittel;l.:..Jo._ttre.,.L}.~"tM!~':1~__;,mplo>:·f~y JS! . · : · . . . . ; . . . appropriate regiona[fbran"cl;iiofthe.tCM~.(,?. JHlj ._~.~_nRe.fay .b.e~lr_Q~-~~a~rts 1~ce~t1on b~t eve~tually . ·AZUCENA· ai 596)if 1--:""'-t k · _. .:~ ~ ~00 ~~~9'ti'ec;l~.red .rllEl~al ·If ~ti;e stnke rs_ a~~ompamed by · · . • · · ·. _' . • • H ·= . • .. f;!<...,§SJJ;,~¢.ler,rcfi/Wl:ll?h¥, tis~rre~p1e.ad, .. pe,rvasive.·. and .. It is ·tba.t·pef(od of tJmJ,\gl\lernJo t~~~--e~£_.optep~ a .,f.latt::tf?f ix:11cy an~ not m~re!y · m~~iate and cqnc!liatei~~tPf]~S. l~~j~q{1:-$.f18'n·~ r,(.ef~'ofe~Cffi:::~blch J~~sp~r-cir1cwhich ·~?rma_llY..occur~ rn · of t,me allotted b.y law f~Mhe. ~artre~~~ttliij ~,~~ys,.tr~:--:afea.J(She/f,' !pll Workers Union· v.. §hell . tl)~ir' 'di$pute13 )!'I.• a pea~eful.. ~n~e~:ef~'1i':_,;, '~'.9,d},fr~t':i~.of;Jh.e PH'/f G.R.··No. L:~8697, Ma.y 3\ staging a_ strike or. ·locle·d~clared · · .a. Approved by··a majority of the .totat union· . illeg:al:(N_,CMB·.Primer Qn'. $trike;·P_itket{n~,·and ·. · · . me,j:iber:ship . in · the . b~rgainiJ19 .. unit. Lockout), ·:· · · ·· · .. · · - . ; :. · . con61iq1ed. ·(not.. c;>f the whole .8~rgalning .. . unit); and ... . . . . . Good Faith Strike Doctrine .. ·... . A strike may .be considered. legal :wheire th.e . b .. '()b.tained by secref baJlot ,n: imeetingis. ·believed t.hat the company .c6mmi.tted !.!LP. ~nd t~·e ·· r:~ter.~npa ,~·alled: .for.· · the· . purposE!- .. (2 · circumstances ·war~anted such· belief in goo~ fciith; .. ·AZ,UCENA, s.upra.r:J,(.-~96.:597): ~ . . · although s.ubse.quently such allegations of u,1-p. are 4.· . r~t>a~_·Stri.ke .Ban .-·.the 7 .day ·waiting period .found ·Out a.s ·.opt tru~ (Bacus ,v.. Opte~ G.R: No::,,.-·· · · "efore the· date of ~he .1:icirpoi:ted . s.tril<.e'(W,~hin. · 56856; Ocfober ?:J. 19B4r . . which the union intending to conduct a stri.ke must.at leas·t submit a report to the Dep1:irtmenr· · Doctrine .of ~~ans .and :Purposes · . ·as. to .th~ result of the strike,yote) is· intende.d to· A !:,trike is legal when lawful means concur with give the. D~partment. an .'bpportunity: to . verify . !awful purpose. (GOP-COP Work~r.s. Union,~-. CIR, . Whether: th"e projected s~rike· really ca'!ies the G.R. No. L-33015, September 10,. 1979).
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;.:· A Strike.is lilegal if it is Declaredand Staged: 1. · Without complying with the procedural but 'mandatory requlsltes: - ·· fl.. ·2. For an unlawful purpose such as·to compel the [f: ·. dismissal .of an employee or to force recoqnition of the union; . 3. Based on non-strikeable or invalid .grounds such ( as: . . . 4, .. W_1thout first havi_ng bargained collectively; 0 . • 5. In violation the No-Strike; No-Lockoutclause t in.ttie CBA; .· · ·· . ~: · 6. · Without first. submitting_ the issues. to the griev.ance.machinery or voluntary arbitration pr failing to exhaust the steps provided therein; '" · 7 -. : A~ainst.theprqhibition by raw: i. . ·. B. Strike staged .~ya Mino.rity union; . 9; · · ~trike staged QY. a !J.nion which is not legitimate · (CHAN,_l..a~or Law (2016)~ Ch. 7).
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Prior notice and hearinq are .not required in the issuance of the assumption or certification order (2 AZUCENA,supra at 640). . . .
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Hospital. sector; ·. grectrical power supply; .· . ~ Water supply services, to exclude small water supply services such . as b.ottfing and refiUlng . stations; · · · 4. ~ir traffic control.and . 5. §uch other industrles as may be recommended by the . National Tripartite Industrial Pe~ce Council (NT.IPC) ·(D:O_. No. 40-H~13, Rule XX/I,· Sec.: 16). · · . . . , · the ~s~umption of Jur'.sdiction o_f the 1.. 2. 3.
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FIFTH.FACTOR: INJUNCTION .. : ·. . · ;,_,,. ·. 1. lf a strike or lockout has not taken place; the when· ihe Secre"tary of Labor.asSUO)~S;~?,(t . parties are. enjoined-to conduct any untoward· jurisdictio'n over a strike · . i.. ;::-r~:· :·\ action that may lead fo a strike or lockout, · W_heri· there exi~t~ a. [abor disp_ute ~ausing_ ?r l(~~f\ ~- '.-~;,~~ If~ ~trike or !oc~~ut has already taken pl.a~e;aH . to .' cause a strike o~:".· lockout 1n .. an mdu$,tliY, , , , ,, -; , ··-- striking. and locked out .workers shall, w1\hm 24 indispensab~e.to._'the ~ati_p'n:ar.i_n~?rest,· the se5r~tat(, ;r;, 1r; ,·::~:-:pRig,sfJ~~m. receip.t of_ .an f,.sstimption ·or of Labo_r. will aJ,sume.·J1.,msd1c_t1011 over ,.tl\(Vlabo_r,,.;' ·Ge.iilif'!Qati.on Order, 1n:imed1atefy returri to work ?i~P~!e-.ofthe- ind':'-~trt .Th~.p.ower ofi~~u,rriptio~ ottLJ · and· t~7f~~~mployer sh.?11 immediately resume J.UrrsdJ~bon·or CE!rbf1,cal1on by the· Secrii!~uy('ofL,_ab6r.J~1• operat~c;,ri.,s1?nd rea~m1t all workers· under the . is intl"\e n~t~r.e) s~?1e/~~s~«"~c~i'l_~ifions prevail.Ing before the Worl<ers Umon v:. Se~.. Confes9,rr:;fi3!~. Np}~W169~. l-" stnkf. ·· -~ _:\·: · . . . · ..... · . · · · 1~\ Marcfl 1~_9!). : . . . 3. At fny .~Oll1~1\'ln trme;_ !he·. part1es_. a~e .not· . ·, · ••. , · ·· · . . ·.• \ -:ii"·.·>;;-;;;;~_). •., ...,; ~:-::.,· I,,:) ·P{~!t~!~~-·~!~o~s.ub~1~ting-th~ -.dispute ._to <;ond•!.ic~r:is· _for . ? . yahd ""-.;~xerc•,~~.f;'°(. J:~~:' , l\d . Vo_lt(Qlf.!tYi-N:91Jmtioriw1t~,th.e.Secretary of Labor Assu:mptipn ?f ~ur.1sd1ctlon.. ~ut~.~d..1¥or""1-~, · .. -J/ . t,,•f and Employment or_ h1~/hE.J!" ·duly .. authorized 1 .. Both. pal'W3s .have requested: it;he·::Sec~etary,of . t,:( representative as voluntary ·Arbilrc:itor.or Panel Labor to . assur,:ie ji.Jrisdlctlon ·pfer tti~ : labp'r .ftf~Y>?!-\qfVol4r.itary·A_rbitrators(D. 0. No~-40·G-03 ·Sec. Instances
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Affer. a ·cqnference called by the1"·$ecreta(Y/'Of .. Labor· 'c;,fthe·.. PrQprieiy ?f fh'eC_is~~~s~H~i?the Ass.umptio.n or Certific:ation 9rder, in"t,tit-proprio· or upo·n request or. petition l?Y either pa,rtytq ·the· labor: dispute {D: 0, No. 4.0~H-13, Rule >(X/1,:.sec. 'f~). ·· , · · · · ·' · .
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The.Secretary of:L.;9bo_r·may either: ·, . · .. ·. · ·. 1':-· As'.Surri"e jutisdiction an~ decide it;.(personaf):"o( 2. - Gertify )he ~ame fo_ t~e NLRC for· compi.dsory. · · · · arbi.tration·:(~elegatio!l) (2 AZUC~NA;.supra. at .6~7J.·· . . . ·. - ·
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labor disputE/~~y be assun:,ed_-b/ the Secretary oniertified· to·the NLRC even before the a·ctuar sti:lging of i:i strike· a· lqckout'since Art.. 263 . of.the L~bor Code does-not.require the ~xis.le.neeof the :Strike· bi.it.. only of a _ lab.or disp(ite °'1nvolying .. national. iriferest. · What.. constitutes "indispensable . · . industry" ' is based upon'. the'' "discretion the Secretary of labor. However, the Presi<;lent or"the Phifippin~s shall no~ be precluded from determining .. irldl,lstries, w,hich·in his opini6ri"are indi~pensable to the ·national inl~rest (2 AZUCENA, s1/pra a"t .642).·
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. . . . A motion for.·reconsideratio~ does not' suspend the· effe-cts, a~ the aisu:rnp{ion orde"r ·is.·_immedialefy executory .(Te'/~(unken S.etniconduc(ors-Employees U.nion-FF.Wv. Secretary of Labor.J:ind Employment, G.'R.No:.122743, OecefnJier12,.1997).: · . . . . . . . . Decision on th~ Assai~·ed Labor Dispute; Fi11ality · Withi"n s·days from th.e..issuance' qf the ·assumption . or <;:ertification order,. a preliminary tonferenc.e· or ' hearing si-iafl immedia'tefy be conducted by the.office . of the Secretary .. of. L~bor and Employment, 'th.e ·. NLRC or th~_.-Voluntary Arbitrat9r·or Panels ·of · Volunta.ry Aibitr~tors as the case' may be. . · ·
The decision" of ihe Secretary .of Labor, the NLRC or
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Voluntary Arbitrator· or Pan.els of Voluntary· Arbiti.ator& shall be rendered within 30 calendar days. from.submission· of the case for ·resolution and shall .be fin.al and execut~ry'10 ca.fern;iar days.after receipt thereof.by the parties (D.O .. No. 40-H-13,.Ru/e XX/1, Sec. 18). ··
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· dispute . . · · .. 1. Only issues submitted 'to t!'l~. Secretary may be .: resolved by him (PhilippineAirlines, tnc. v. Sec: · of Labor, G.R. No. 88210, January ~3. -1'991).·· 2. Issues submitted to- the Secretary for resotution . and· such· issues involved in the Jaber dispute itself (St. Schotestics's College· v. · Torres;·_.G.R. No. 100158, June-4, -1992). . · 3.. Secretaryof Labor rnay subsume per'l~ing labor.·. oases before Labor Arbiters wf}lch arelnvolvedir;r· the dispute and decide-even ·Jssues falling_·.. The ·rn_ing. of a petition with .the -Labor Arblter to;. 'under the 'exclusive and_ -oriqlnal jurlsdietion of . declare a strike illegal i_s not a. condition sine qua non LaborArbiters suchasthe declaration of.legalify. . for the validterminatlon of employees who commit illegali_ty. _of: . strike : (International. . . . ari illegal act the course of strike. . . Pnermeceuticels, inc: Se9. of Lpbor; ~.-R. No; . · · . .. _ · 92981~83,·January 9, 1992): · · . . ·· · ,:ne us~ o_f-unlawful meansln the course ot.a strike 4. Power. of Secretary of'Labor is plenary: aritl..==ic.:--!}Jnderssuch strike iliegt;1I, The filing of _a petitlon to ' discretionary (Sf.·. l,u~9.·s Medi6al ._9ffei,tf!?v. -~l51a-r~u,~ s~r.ike· illeg_a·i-: i~ unnecessary (Ja·ckb~lt. Torres, G.R. No. _99395,.Ju,:,e 29,).fJ-.93).· ~., · .J!.N/,'!sffie~~r_c.v: ,tacl(b1II: . Ef!1ployees· t.-y~rkers _ - · . . . . ~~_.f.:;.:-..,==C!.:a.tf4-N'AF,.4~MU,. G.R. t:,fos. 171(31_8-19,-March Note: Und~r ·A,rt. 294(b) of .th~~a~...o(\8_9)fif.'. ~~ ·. · 20, 2t}{).9Y ,tl\·-., _ . .. ; . · . . .. amended, t!'e. Secretary of Laqgr_ m~f -s~sp~_ns:J,,tl:ie-'·""'J~"~ ~:{? ~~· · ·· ·. _· . · · . ~~ects -~f- the te(~inatio~ _p~n;ers.wer~ C91")Sidlared validly serious labor d1.sp"ute_ or is injt.l;i-t'imP,lernent[.: o~~ara-~ i;._~1ss:ii&·fl'?."-'.~rT1Pl{Jt'!1en_f. . for "c;onimitting._illegal mass lay-off (LABQR· fJ,iJ,.~2_f2(b)j;_, · · :6:f'"~:. .\.U,n;~ctsdu~,nq__!~e 1ue@al·~j1ke. Th~ ~C1U!1· a~rl'r]ed_the ~-~J.!:,WiYJ'o03that th1.-com"!11ss1on-0(1llegal·acts· ·elements for .~ntitleme_nt. ~ :~-~-cjr'ng~~\..= ;. ~ · ,1 1 .,.,~~nn~!;J?,~bf·'.·i~egc:1)"'"\$t_rikA r.onstitu_fed. serious 1. . That the stnke was legal~,t ..., -\ . ~{~l~~r:i...®;;t.l-l_~nc.e, aV\lard of separation p~y to . 2. _That there ~as· an ·u~con~itional.~ffe_r.~Jt.e.· r:~· _,-. ~i'(fle'"~i9,:ioff}faals arifme~b13rs_was not sustained. to work; : .-· . . . . . _\ . . ~- .. · .,'>.,Jc/~~ )f- . . . . . . .. . 3. Thal the strike~ we're refus~d-reinstal~m tS("fEN'TE~~l>~(Whirejt{(strue that generally-the gr-ao! of. . ..· ' . . '\,, . )', -~~ '. .. . .?e-~uon\lp.Wi~r)ot· ~vailable 'to erl'lptoyeies who No.te: But where .the stril<eis'· un~ob_'djtia-11/i"~ffe},''"t?:1.,.._-:;;..,~~re v.a1ielly di~tsed,'there ar~.-in fur'therarice.of ttie return t"c? work_was.n_?t-irn,p1e_~ent!:)d by'Th~:i6p~me '1\: ll ot · <;:ompass.i~.mat~ justice,.. cert~i~ Court, the employ(!r_1s no) qbhge.d.to pay b~ck-~ge.s .EVlfo1rs:_y.rµgfances that wa"f!ant toe. gr~nt-of .so.me; rehef... · (2AZUCENA,sup,:a:at 711), · · · ... , -' .. · . """"-"-~favorofihe· terminated-.Union:roembers·based 6.n 1 O . ' . . . •. . : equity. Bitt~r lab.or : i:fisp~es, especially, strikes, .· Remedy: A wpr!<e( wlio absents himself from w'o_rk, . . : always. generate a thrc;mg- of .odium and abhorrenc~ result__ of i,r strlk~'. rnu~t ~eek -~eirnbu'rseri:i~f).h;>f. . . that .. someijrhes .· result .. in. unpleasant, although . his wages from''tlis unfon··w.hich d.ecl~r~d the: strik~.. un.wa~ted,·. ·co.n:sequ_eni:;es,:-.Cor:i"sid('iring thi~.. ·the ·. or. he r-i,ight have. his a~sence from ·work .charged . . . slriking. ·employee~· .br;ach .of certain. restrlctiom~ a~a.insf his· um.ise.9 ·vacation leaves -(CHAN,. Labdr · _ impo~ea .·on· their·. co.r:i·certed·. actior:is . c1t ~hefr·· l:.aw Review.er(2016), C.h. 7). . ... . . err1ployer's ·doorl?teps· ~l:inot .be· ·regarded -~s so: . · -int,~reflllY- wicked .that .the employ~r can ":tot~lly · . A~tual :Rei~stat~ine~t-- _. NO:t. . : Pay.roll· . : · . , c!Jsregard their ·1ong. yeiars of-·service prior ·to suet, Rein~t_atem~r'it in· Assumption or Certification · breacti. (c. Alcantara·iit?d Sons,_Inc:·. v.. CA G.R No: . Or.ders· . · · ·. .' ' .· · · · · · 155109~-Marc/J_ 14~-~01~)_.- . . . .. ' ... '.-.· · . ' __., · . · .· tt was settled that in. assumption . of jurisdictior:i ·.. . .· . . .·.. :" . '.. . . . . : . . . . . ·1 . .-.. : .. cases, ttie .Se<;:retary · -should ·. i_mpose actual . Req1,1irem·ent for Mli,ini4rn Ope,:atlqnal.~er:vlce . reinstatement in accordance with the int.ent and spirit .- In -lal~or disputes a9yers:e!Y. affecting !he, cootioµed . operation bf hospitals, clink:s, ·or medical institutions, o.f Art. 263(g) o~ the l,..aqor GOO.~· ~ with 'f.ll_Ostru!es, . however, this. on~ i~ subject tq ~x~eptions'(National it Shall b~ \tie duty_pfthe ~triking.union O~·Jocking-out· Union of WorkersiFI the· HotetJ--?.estaurarit arid Allied·. ~mployer-·.-tq.· prciyi~e ~_nd. mai,r:it~i!1 _a.n · effe~tive . lndustrie~.OusltHotelNikko Chapter·v... Ca, .(3.R .. No.. . skeletal workforce of medi~I and. other 'healtli · 16394~, November 1_1,2008).: . : persQnn~I. whose ITIOVE!me'nt :and: ~ervices s~all be
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. . . ·. ~~-·unhampered and unrestrlcted.vas are necessary to '[( ensure. the proper and 'adequate protection of life J; · and health of its . patients, most especially ,. emergency cases, for the· duration of the .stnke or f. lockout (D.O, No. "40-H-0'3, RuleXX_JI, Sec.1.17). ._ .
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SIXTH FACTOR: AGREEMENT·OFPARTl°ES A no-strike prohlbltlorr in a .QBA is applicable only to economie strlkes. In other words, l)LP strike isnot . .covered and~o.rkers.maygo on strike based on ULP. ·despite·.th.e.no-strike provlsion (PH Me.ta.l.Foimdries Inc. v.. Cou,;t. of °Industrial Relations; (3.R: Nos.' L:.
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3. . Without the necessary strike ·or lockout vote first having ·been ·obtained. an·d reported to DOLE -. (LfiBOR CODE, A.rt. 27.9(a))'.
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No Strike·or Lock·o"'utshall be declared: 1.. · · After assumption of jurisdiction by the President or the Secretary of labor; ' . · 2: After cejtlficatlon or subrnlsslon of the dispute to compulsory or voluntary arbltration; or· . . 3.· During the 'pendency of cases : invoiving the same ·grow;ids for the ~trike: or lockout (LAB.QR CODE, Art, 279(a)). . .
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. . · ·. · , , ·· ·· Note: P:,.ny worker whose employment has. been -rh~ authorltles. are· numerous wh.i~h h~Jd that ;trike·~ -'terroinated as consequence an uniawtur lockout .Y: . held in VJolatiOr,l ·of:°JJ)e terms contained a- CSA are . . shall· be . entitted . to reinstatement with ':full . back iliegql, especially when .they provide' (or conclusive wages (LAE30f?" CODE, Arl. 279 "(a)). : ,,:. arbltratlon, clauses. Th.ese agreements: -. must . be · .· · · . · , l strlctlyadhered.to Md r.espeh:id "if their endshave ' ·. Who may l~se emp1oyment by reason of strike t to be .achieved (GOP-CCP. Wor.kers Union v.. coiut :-, .1. .A_n~ union o_fficer who knowingly- participates i_n. of' Industrial --R~lations; -G.R.··. No. 'l-330Ji5{1d . anllleqalstrike; and ... · · . · _- · · · . September 10, f9?9). · · · · . :'.'.\//.,\ , 2: Any_· _y..'.ork_er__ ?r union .o~ic~r: who. kno"".'ingly • •• ,.__. • • • • {-:, ,.rf · ,·~·~ ·, · · parbc1pates m the· c<;>mm1ss1on of _illegal acts. 1 _Once. the. disp.utf h~s. been . cpnvertecl lnt6!"'..a·. durir19·a:"Strike' may be declare~ to have losfhis. ·preven~ve r11ediafi_orf-qas~; . the noti9e of ··strlf ;~'/·: ;·:;~~~~P~~1nt JLAB<}R coo~. A_rt: 279 ·(a)). c:l_eemed dmpped from the _dockets as ifAq,,~1ice.bf.J-rr_,....--..1:~~p(".;,_~. · . . · "· ·: .· .. · : .stl'!ke ·:.~a~. 9ee11 addu~q. vol~nt~ry ar~ifrat?r ~f t~eir:c_h9iee"ln~hie:~f~~setJ:ti ; ,: V·:/ proof ortli~p..fil1fclpa~1on :of _t~e stnkmg 1:!mployeE:s111 notice (of.stnk~):-~S deer:ned autorri!jfEail~wt~drav.h ..- ~_ry -~h_e comm1ssl_on_-~! 11legql .. a~ts dpn:ng_ the strikes ·:an~ dr'o~ped__frcini..:the; dockets· (/ll6¥f3 Pjlf.per Qri. f-;if.H_JN_lj.RJJ.IN_.:APL~IUF Dus,t Rote/ Nikko· Chapterv. ,,,_
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ART-;CLE279,PRO.HIB~TE~·ACT.iV~tt~~t Wh · has J ·tsdlctl fo D t . th··- .h .J. -1,ty . .f. · udr_L·... k ont. . ~ ermu:ie e,_:i;!eg_a.' Q · 5~.k u I e an · oc ou · .. , · . : · · , , . . . : . . : : . . ;,. - 1 :- -~r,fb_or ~btt~r -.- U.P.00. t9e_ ._-fihn_g of a. proe~.r · .complam.t,and·~ft~~~. ue heanng (NlR_C R_ules--of .
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Jlir!sd1cllon and the_ 1llegahty or le9aht~- of_ th_e ·. stnkell~ckout.. _is· -~,s~d. _.(LA$0R ._co_DE, Aft._ _ _ . . . 278(g)), ~n~- , . . . · . · . · · ., ··. 3. . NL~<;_. - i_n e?l.~es. c~_rt,~e~.- by the_ S!=?<::_retc!ry of _La~r ·:_IQ ·!h~ -co111m1ss,~n. _for :co~pulsory . ·_aro,tration:_(µ480~ P_QD/=·'Art ~78(!?)). Lab.9r Organ1:?at1o)l~ ·: · . : . . .: .. . No labor organizationor. employer shall declare a i . . .. strike or lockout: . '.·. . : . . • . ·. . . ,.. 1. )Nithot.it ·firs~ havirig barg~iMd . col ie.ct1vely · in -5: . . . accordance with Title VII of' !his Book; . · '.' · 2, ·· Wit~out- first having filed· the notiee required. 'in· · Art. 278;· .\Incl . · · · · ,
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_syike __ .s)aged with.our" complia_nce. ~i~~_:the. · requiremen\s.or Art. 278 of the. Labor Code 1s illegal '. anc;I maicau~e the termination of the:emp'ioyrnent of · part1c1p13ting · ·· ; · · . · · . umon·· · .and. ·.merpbers. · · · · the officers However, the· :liability for ·. the illegal st~ike · ts·· 1hqividua1; nof collective, Tq Wc!lrl'ant the terminc;1tion. · . of an-officer of the;labon)rg~ni:iatio.n·or., that b~s.is, . :·the·employer .mus(sh
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Note;' ·oedar~tiOr\ pf illegality strike·. is . not a pre.requisite to· the · dismissal · of member?· Whp .commilted illeg,\il acrs d.uring a s1rike.' Hpwever. th·e ER must" desist from actirig on the mc1tferwhen it has a-pending cornplaliit f9r illeg_alstrike.in the NLRC:: (2
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·LABOR R. ELATIO.N.S SAWBEDA /.:AW CENT11A£t~ED.BAR QPETIATIONS - MEMORY A/CY 2.019·
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1. . No 'labor organization or 'employer shall declare
·. a strike or lockout-without first having bargained Effect: 'In .case· of non-compliance of strikers, th_ey, .. collectively or without first havir'ig filed the notice . :may be· .subject ·to immediate disciplinary actio.n, . require,d or. without the necessary strike or including dismissal r;,r loss ·of E!mployment status and lockout vote . first, havin.g been obtatned and. reported· to· the DOLE (tABOR CODE, Art.·. eyen ·to crfrnl.nai pro~ectJtion (San Juan·.oe· Dios Educational F,Qund.atlon·Employees Union-Alliance· ·. 279(a))i . . · . . ·. ' . . of Filipino Wqrkers·.v:SanJuan De Dios Educational 2. No -strike or lockout shall be -declared after ·Foundation Inc., GR. No.-.143341, May 28, _2004). ·-~s~u.nipt(on ot.lurisdtctlon by the· Presiderif.. or the S_eeretary. ot'Labor or after- certification _or submission .'of· the 'dlspqte · to compulsory ·or. -Moreov:e_t,Jhe"strike becomes ·illeg~I. because ,o.f the. voluntary. arbitration during. the pendency of'. . disregard of the return-to-work order issued by the . cases· invoivirig -the same gfound~ for the sirlke' .: ·. . _Sec.retarY. '{Union:of Filipro. Employees v.' Nestle . ariocko~t·L.A80RCObE; Art..279(:a)); · · : . . P.HL,..G,R: No.'88710-13; Dec~1T1ber 19i_·1990). · 3. ' .No person s.hall otisfnict,-· lrnpsde, or interfere . . . . . :· i,vith,: by force,· violence, coercion, 'threats- _Or · . . . Note:: 'Ah. assumption o'r certification order of the .. intimicfation, any peaceful . picketing b~=i.QOli.~.Secretaryautomatically resuttsln a.return-to. · eni_ploye~:5' durlnq a~f labor. contrqv~·'}W~6f"'in striking worker.s,whetli7r a ~orresr:
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· :ProJitjed, .that · n9tlj)ng . her~i~ b~ · 1VA11b~iretf1vely.~oll'.I ~rdina~ unio~ ij,emb~~~ Ji~ble, ·.interpreted to'_pfeVeQl.any public offic.ers, fr~~Qiosewho participated. in'the·commiS$i~rt.Of illegal taking any.me'asure nepessaryjo:. ,. . . ..... . . ··..~cts ·n:iust not only be' ide~tified but the specific illegal .' · a. Maintpin peace ~nd order; . . . . .., .. , acts they.each ~ommitted'shotlld-be·described with b: · P.rot~t-iife arid prop.erty; and/or ·. · · · : · · partic1Jlarity (G&,$' transp.orl· Corp:, v.. lnta'rit~. G.R.. . . c. Enfor.ce the -law and legal' iirder (l:.ABOR ·.·.No: 160303, S,epi~mber{J, 2007).·.: ··.· .: . . · ·' · · , °[;ODE'A;.t. 279(d))· .... ·, . ... • ... . ·. . ·.: -._. ·'. : . · ·_. • .. ~ '· · .· .. _.. ; · De.cisio·n. oi1 Illegal .Dismissal· Case is not Res· · :s,. No persoh engaged in plcketing··shall commit ji.idi<1ataor.-l_liegal·Striic~:ca:se : .i.. . . • ' ;;iny. act of.Yiolence,_. coer.cion. or intimi~ation br . The ~LRC'~ 'De_ci;,ion. on the.. illagal dismi:;,sal case obstruct the free··ingr.ess to. o(e{Jress. from the was··n-d_t"res· judic;;ata- on the illegal strike case: ~n aii .' emplQyer's. premises - for. lawfoi. purposes, or' . . aptiqn 'tor declar.~tion of illegal' strike, the caus~ of . . 01:>struct publjc. thoro~ghfares (LABQR- <;;ODE,. ~ction is ·pr-emi~ed on · uniol) · or ~ labor. ·. A_rl. 279(e)J:' . · . or_ganjzation'.s . i:'ond.uFt of · a s~rike , without . complianc(;l with tl)e ·st~,utory. requirements. On .the .. Rule on.Defiance, oi'Assu111pt1on or .Certlf(cajio'n. ott:ier hand; .. in. an actjciri for"ill~~r dismiS:Sal; the cause" Qf ..action· .is: pre!'JllSed:· on·. an employer's ·Ortle(or. Retl!ril-to-Wo_rkbrder. ; . :. . . ·. , alleged d.ismi.ssa'1 of an employee with'6ut a just or .Non-compliance ~lth th~ ass1.1rnpt1on or certification authorized t:ause (Club Filipino Inc'. v De Leon, G.R. order ciJ the Secrelary of Labor, .'or'a .retum0to-work No 168406, january 14, 1015).. . .'order. iSSl!~d:purl,uant ~fieref.o l;iy th_f;·secretary Of .. labor ~·r by NLRC, to which' a· labor·.dispute is
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ARTICLE 281: .REQUIREMENT FOR ARREST , . General. Rule: .A police officer cannot arrest· or detain a ·unioR member for union· activ.ities. witho1.,1t · previpus_ consuitatrons_ with:the Secretary.9f Laqor.·
."ARTiCLl:·280: IMPROVED OFFER BALLOTI.NG '(.;. In an effort to settle a strike, the Department of Labor . arid Employment shall conduct . a referendum by ~; ~ secret : balloting on. the improved qffer_ of _the ~: · .employer on or before the .30f\1 day otthe strike. ·;;!'.: When at least a majority of the union members vote f :_ to accept the improved offer, the sfriking workers I{·· shall irrimediateiy return to ·'A'.ork and· the-employer :: .. s~all thereuoon readmit them upon the signing of.t_he /."·.agreement. , · ·· · •!
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E;xceptions:· . - 1. National security; 2. Public peace; arid· . 3: Commission of a crirne. (LABOR" COD(;:, Art. 281):" ...
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ln.case of a 'lockout, the Department·of.labqr ·and·' ~ Employment Shall· also conduct. a· referendum. by_ ..· .' _An arrest can be. lawfully made in the. following f" secret' baliotlng on. the reduced-ofter ofttie union on. -, cases: . . .. . '.'. · .· or before .the 30th dayof the lockout. Whe_n at feast 1. Any_ person who obstructs the free and· lawful :' :·a"majorlty_ofthe·boa"rd of directors or trusteesorthe . [ngres"s" and _egress from the .empi9yer's ~: partners-holding the controlling_ interest inthe case> premises or who obstructspublic thordughfar~s _"t , of a partnership vote to accept the reduced offer ,.the . ·(NCMB. Primer· on 'Strike1 Picketing,. · end · ,-_... workers shall' immediately-return towork. and ·1he '.Lqdkouf);and . . . . . · employer shall thereupon readmitthem·upon . th€) .·'0 2.. Any per.s"c;m w_ho shall have in.hls: possession ,~~- signing-of the agteement (LABOR GQDE; Art.·2~Y';/tJ. .dead!y ..weapons i!1 violation ~fB.P. No. 6 (":'nAct ~ ' ... · . ·. . . ·. . .· . ·.· ·. · ·.~rJj/-,"';:,. . Red_ucmg the Penalty For 11/~gf;ll Possession Of -(· Reduced Offer _Ballpting, . · · · · .· . f B/ade_d,· Pointed _Or Blun_t ,Wt1apons, And For ~; . A referendl.:lm conducted by-the NC~ o,:i or be1r~~-,··· • ,).--...:...other ~';f[POSes; Am:n"dmg For The PµrP_ose ~- ,ihe ·. 3~th. d~y of- lockout, for-: the _purpo_;~/ :...,.t!..:...~tP:"E),f"FtNq.~_9) a_nd firearms and explosives tl. · de!erm1.nmg:whether or npt,~he redu_ced·~~~J,of.tli~\'../Jf . "(~if;de!Jn~s for the C~n~uct nf PNp!AFP ;Union -.1s ~.cceptc1ble to the b9ardr·1tJ::d1re9to~s...\.~ - Personrllf!\riLabot Disputes). . t":Jslees or pa_r:tners. . .. . . ',: 1::,,· ;.{ . ·. {l_ w. · . · · · . · .. .· . · .. ,. · · ·. .· , . · J;r (.~':! " . · ·~~ CHAPTERT}(Vd· ASSISTANCE'FO LABOR . . Wflen ~t·l~ast~ m_ajo_ntyof,the -~~JlJO:-of-~~f~~Wr~.o~ !J ·· \ . · ·: . ~ . . • . . ~1,1stees __<;>r_ the par:tJ:ier~. hJ_!9mg .. tt-\~}~0~f1:ollm~;: pA .ARTICJ. ASSISTANCE... BY· THE interest. in -the -.partnershrp,~· .Sf~te...)21,..ac~ept~~~ .. , 1,.,;i ·DEP~RTPJIEN:r:oi:~BO.R · ·. · . · · reduced offer, the workers sli~_1mmedlfl.f~y, re\!'.!~·.:.·v.,.:_~!:'."il."''::,.j;.;:,··',.· . . . . · · . to .work; and' t~e. ~_mplo~er_shall~~f~,Q~~r~aff"1!.· ~ ARTICLE .2at'.A~SISTANCE BY .INSTITUTE' . ther.n upon s1gn!P~ of _th~_ t'l9~~1,merit ;.<;.>FLABOR ~D M.-?-_~PQWER.STUDles· ·... , · C(?Dl;,, Art. 280). · · ~1._A ,J . · . 11.1TMre··is ·110 more .Institute of Labor and, Manpower . . .. 'f . .,~ ,·-'. ,jtf. ~· ''.l·'''"'~·.,, . . .· ; . ,(.. ·~ eel -·· · . · · ·· : . · · R d 4·.if'd ·0f'fl,[1:t::-:-..i:.:., :-""'Sti:1u1es~·lts·powersand functions are novv pe11orm 8· 11 _ ,m_prQved·Of!~.r a otmg Y.· e,.~~~If''{(_ .. · by.the Institute for Latiw S_tu.die~creat~, by virtu_e of · l;!~l.lo,tr,~-EO. No. ;?51. issued 1987. · · . ·· .· · · ; . .. . .. ~- cin ..!uly:2_5, . ., . .
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·LABOR RELATIO.NS SAN BEDA LAWCE;f{fRAUZED BAR QPERATIONS - h1EMORY AID 2019 s.C . . I A WMi LA30PA ii, 140
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ARTICLE .284:· PROHIBITION ·.AGAINST ALIENS, EXCEP1IONS- · . .
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General Rule: All aliens, natural or juridi~I as well .
as foreign organizations are strictly prohibited from engaging ii}· al~_forms oftrade union.activitie_s without p_r::ejudfce·to ncrmal contracts between the Philippine .Jabor unions and "reqogni.zed . international labor . · qenter:s (LABOR CODE, A,,:t, 284). ;·, . . . .
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ARTICL,E 286: APPLICABILITY TO · FARM TElilAt\lTS)\ND RURAL WORKER~ . .The· provisions· of this· Title pertainlnq . to. foreign organizations and activities shall be· deemed applicable likewlse . to all orqanizations , "of. farm tenants, rural workers',and thellke: Provided, that in appropriate cases, the Secretary of-Agrarian Reform shall exercise the powers and re,sporfai~ilities vested by thfs Title· "in · the. Secretary of Labor' (LABOR
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CHAPTI;~ TH~E.E: .FOREIGN ACTIVJTIES
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CHAP.TER FOUR: PENALTIES FOR.\(l_<>L/\TION'·.
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ART!CLE 287:·PgNALT!ES:.
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· E~ception~. .". .. . . . . . . Regular Courts have [urlsdiction over. any. qrtminal .. Aliens who: · , .' ·. · ·. . .actlorr under Art." 287 9f. the . Labor qode · (2 · .1. Woik.in the 'counfry.With.valld permlts issued by AZUCENA, supra.·at _730). . · . , . . · . · · _the-:-ooLE;: ·· 111ay exercise· the' right. to: s~lf. ': r . :~rgaAization and ·· join ~ or assist . la bo~_.Liability · of Persons .Coinm.lttil')g Prc>hi_bjted.Acts . . . o~gariizations of tt:ieir; own c~oosing {or,~Jl.eefi~ 1T , . ~1f:er-~_rlicle279. · > · . . · ·•.. • .• _ . • . • . _. •·. bargaini_ng (LAB,OR.'C.ODE,· Ar!! _2<"~#Varit\.._ . J\/F!ffe.;9~ot les·s.'thari .P1,.000. nor more than 2, '. _Are naflonals 5>f a.ccuntry Wt)ich 91a~t~{}~.~am~,.=..=.-:...--~ lt10,~00.)~li)i::IIOr . . '. . . 9r- si~ilar ri~hts · to _Filipin~~ckeft.,.;~BOR ·. ~·:·~R~~nm'e,_,:i:~. for not less ·th.an'· 3 months.' nor . COD~,,Art . .284! as emend« b'yxf!:~:po. ,.W,J.5;,_'J~~-"""""-!J!,Or'e,1h~~ yfl'~rs. .· . · · .: :·. ,,, r ~-·ti~ ,~,,.,,. . c..r• . "="\,· :~. :-.,iA t-. . . . . . Sec·.'-->91-1I· . ·· . ' · .f:k,"' ',jY ml . ~ W fl ~•·f'cbJ) ·~ ,. · -. . : . :':-· . : '. if· z-, .J! lfli. .ft~· ,Ufahe pelson~~i_~(corivteted··is.c! fore.fgner:· . . 'A~TIC.LE 285: .· R.l;,GULATION. !,)F FOREIGN ~~ 1. · He ihalt b~5's~Sle\tedto immediate summary ASSIS"tANCE . · · {F"):7f · . . ..i1..]· ~-·-.-aeporfation;\~nct ...i° \\ .' . · . . No foreign.indi\lid_ua!,_otgani1ati9..q,~r:e,:itity~a9;:g!¥.e-·~,'ji_ t~~"¥1e .. ~ill .b,e ~e.nnaq~ntlybar.red fro,:n..re:-ent~f.ing ~ny don~trol'ls~ gr~n~s or otP.E:r.J.~X1?11s o,t as$Jsta~£.~ . the. i!ou(ltryJith-~lil'l--Y,es·p·edal·perm1~~iqn ·ofthe. _rr:i ca~_h C?~ in. kind~. d1tect!y_o{ ·1f,i~~f~.t1Y,r~~-'~-bc,f~~~-~r'il~f~tof/Jhe Phjlippin.es. . :·. :. . · . : orgal'.llZatron, group Of. W<;>~i9~h~f.~f;,!~a\X.iP,"3~ t ,d"• - - :P ~,Jd . !he~eo!; .S\.ICh as coop_ijr~tiv,f.s.i t';~~Jt. u~~~~-~11~ J(.(~.JJ.fa.6.l.iPn-~~de0l;>pi" proyi~i~m shall preclude rnstitutiq~.s -~~g~ge? '!:1. _..re~~.arqh_.:\~<;lu~t~~-tL'!il ! . ·'j?.r;9_§.e:cy:t(on. f,9r the ~f!11!3 ac~ un9~r ._the RP<;;, and C
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. ·~·r;~e .Li~ic;>~:.;icti~jt(es:•Shall.~~~. I ' t. A. ... ··.(f. ·:· · ·):1· d. :· .1. '- Organrzation, forma,t_lon and.· ?,d_mrnrsfr.atjg{i_of · · · · .. ·labq~ c:>rganization; : . ·. . ·. ·, ·.. . . -~--==-"' ~ore.1g~e.:-~ ,";'. o _v1o1·~ e_. _ 1·., .rens .o.r.~rgners ,. ?LI~ __ . 2 .. Negot_iation an·q .·administrati9n ·of collective·.·.: ,tt:ie proy.r~!~.n of Titl,0. 8 JJullt~.shall ~E3 ~-~111~a!.'IY. · .· . baf.galnirig agi'e.ements~ . -. (Strik,es,.. Lpckoufs an_
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LABOR R'EtATIONS . · . SAN BE()~ LAW CENTRALIZEDBAR OPEIIAT/Ofl'S- MEMORYAID-2019 ra.,irmmal!llll_!llM!II. ll2IWIB."""'"'""" illilllllll ~_-m11,i:tc1ta>BIE·l!Efil!li-!llll A1ii2zt IJud!!:IIIW!iZ, l!-lllftDS!&\il :Z#rillME·l!INIIIP,1:il dlillili ;af~;pq~&Dffii,: _ }s::&1iiffi#llll!!JlllE&!lll!IIIIH13cit mH!IIIUIIIII fr!Mlml!il!llll~illllli~~UIISSJ .i. •
The growth. of ·associatipns of. employees and the effE)ct of such associations t1p,_on employer-
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.Such kind represe~tatiqn in the 'policy-making bodies Qf private.enterprises is'nol ordained, not eve'n . by 'the· P.tiil. Constitution ·and does not mean'representatioli in the corporate-board .. :· 2·. Wtiat is provided is wor!<er's. participation in policy and .d.ecision~ma.king. pr.ocess ·dite(Etly · affecting• th~ir rights, benefits and welfi;ire (2 · AZU,CENA; sµpra at ~34) .....
' employee relations; The extent and results of the methods of .collective bargai.ning in. ·the determination of terma and conditions of employment; 4. THe methods which have · been tried · t;>y . · employers and associatlons .of employees for . maint,;Jinfng mutually satistactory' relations;. 5. · Desirable industrial practices. which have been Tripartism is· . observed . in the foliowing : 'developed through · colleclive bargaini11g . and governm!3nt agencies: . _ . .ot~.~rvollinJ.ary,arran~13me~ts; . .. . . 1 .. NL~c;·.. . . .. · ·: · .., · . The, possibleways__ of incre__asinq-the usefulness : . ··2: National Wages· and, Productivity Commission . and efficiency..of oouecuve bargaining for settiing (NWPC); • . . . . . ' · : . differences; . · . 3. · ~mployees Compensation Cornmlssion (ECC)'; ,'. 7. "Theposslbtllties for the adoption of practical and 4.. · POEA Gover.nitig'Board; · - . ·. · effective . methods · of _ labor . management · 5.· Phili'pph1~: Health Insurance. Corporation;'·. ,... .cooperation: . 6; Social SecuritY. Commission; and· ··. 8. ··Any other . 'aspects -of: employer-employee . . .. 7.· _GSl$'Board of Trustees (ki.}. . relations concerning the promotion 'of harmony· /'~ .. : . .. . ;. . . . . • . . . . .. and. understanding between the parties: .and ,.y.r,;:·:tr - Functions of Tr~part!te 1_11pustnal Peace Councils · 9'. .·Tne· relevance of labor·_laws_ and .laqot r.ela,\ip;iji('?: )TIPCl:. ~eP_~e~entab?~ otwptkers an~ employers . to natlonal development (LABOR CODE IAr.t..: -.'1.!\ m decision and pol19y-mak1ng bodies of th~ 288'. . . . · . .. ·. ' \l .t: /_ 1 ') go,ver~!fif?nt (LABOR CODE, Art. 29f:J). ..
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_A~T,J~LE 28~: \{ISITQRIAL POV\.f_ER~_,..}:;/ The _t~.-~~~d. condition ~m_ploym~nt. of all: . • . - . . . . . \<.,,A""'' . ,.,,.,.> j -. goyernme11l.1r'ti:iPloyees, including employee~ of V_1s1t9r,ialPo~er lJ.nder_Art!cle 128 Y,)~ft,ch:]~~ ,~\ go~er!')meJ;lt-0.w~ed _ amt :c._ontroJl_ed -corporations, 1.-! .sha!l be gi,ilveHneq\bythe C1v1I Service Law, rules·and · ii,\· regulatiofis. \.
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Inspection ·may be Requires . a ·· .·sit.(om dqne . . through . . the .cqmplc;!int· filed and . t:>Oi.E.'s.ir:iitiative supported by at least·20% . ·of- . the . organizations' . ·rnembe_rship ·
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·.ART1c1:.e.294~·sEc_uRiTYoF TENURE .: · . In cases' ofr(lgular e_r'nploynient, the ,el"(lpioyer shall not termi,:iat~ the ~er:vicesof an.employee ·except for jiJst cause or wnel') authorized by· this Title. An -empioyee who .is unjustly dismissed from wcirk ·sha·u · be ·entitled fo' reinstatement without.loss· of seniority. rjghts and .other privileges._and to his.full backwages, inclusive. of.alfowances,an_d_.~o his oth~r be.nefits or th'eir monetary eqt,Jivalent computed from· .the time his compensation was withheld from hini l.Jp to the tir,:ie of his a_ctual·reinstatem_erit (LABOR COD£, Art.
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LABOR RELAT.IONS· · SAN BEDA LA1:VCE~TRALIZEDBAR·PPERATIONS- MEMORY·AlD.;io,"9
Note:. Not every performance .of services for a fee creates an employer-employee
retatlonship,
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that" every person who renders· services to another for a fe~ is an '·employee- to' give. meaning" to ttie . security of tenure· clause- ""'.ill lead !o.absurd'results (Son{a v. ABS-CBN $roadcasting Coip., GR. No .... 138051, June 101 2004}. . . _ .. ·. .
· Eff~ct of the Reversal,of La~or.Arbiter'~Decision. : ~ · to the Reinatated'Bmployee .· . · · ·, Where the decision of .the Labor Arbiter reinstating .tne.employee was reversed on appeal l?i.the NLRC; · · .the Supreme Court ruled that 'it is· Obligatory on.the part of the.employer to.reinstatethe employee arid · pay his-wages durinq tne periodof appeal until the. decision .. of the Labor 'Arbiter is reversed by. the · higher or highest court. Further, the· court ruled, ttiat - the · Labor" Ai:biter's order of, · reinstatement is .. . irnmediatety executory, 'and no· writ of. execution'is' necessary. "to . "implement' . the· said _or.der of . reinstatement ·.(Garci~ .v, Philippine 'Airline$;· tnc., -GR: No: 16485(3,Jariuary.20, 2909), • •
Actual .or 'pay_,011\2011 NLRC Rules . · . of Procedure, "Rdle XI, Sec. . 12) .: . .. .
Actu.al""(eiris)atem~ni or . : . separation pay in. lieu i;,f. .relnstatement -,~~IR) . · . :· . .. : ·;. .. . ·.
Forms .o"f° Reinstatement:.
. Actual ." or. Physical Reinstatement t: .. the· . . .ernployee shall be·:admftted back to work. . • ~- · . P~}lrOII Reins'tatem~nt:... th·e "err1ploy_eei.s merely reinst_afed in . the. payroll (University- : of Immaculate Concepcion,· inc: 11; · Hon'. $ec. of· · Labor, .GR.No. 151379, Ja.nuary_.14, ~005).•. ·
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C.our:t may :pider the. R~fn'state~c:in"t eYen if the .. Prayer of the-· Complafrit. di~. not Include auch . · ·. Relief · r . . ·. ., . . . ' ·: · ... · . So long as there is. a findihift)'l~t the .~rn-ployeewas · . . illegally. dismissed,_: the. court" "cari"_ order. 'the" · . . . reinstatement of an employee eve'Fi jf Jhe complaint -·_doe_i:'; not incl(Jd~ a· prayer.for reinstatement;'i.inless•. os course,. the employee has· waived his' right. reinstatement. ~y- law, an employee "who is_ .unjustly dismissed i_s· ·er:ititled·--,to .. reinstaten:ient, . among .. others. Th~·m·ere-fact that tt;,(! complaint (1id not pray ·fo~- _reinstatement will not preil:ldice the.' e_mployee;.·
~019 SAN SEDA LAW CENTRAUZED BAR OPERATIONS
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.LABO-R ·RELATIONS -·
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LAW C£NTRALIZ£D BAR OP£1Vl'rl0NS. .
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Bible Col/e{Je v. NLRC, G.R: No. 85:534-, :March 5, 1.993), · ·
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N~te:. If there is an· order reinstatement but the· position is longer'av.a.ilable,.the employee should be gi"'.en a substantlally equivalent · position.. If. no . ·substan.t,ally . equivalent position· . is. ·availab}.e,. reinstatement- should. not be· ordered ·because that would in .. effect' coinpet . tlie employer to. do 'the impossible. In such a sltuatlon/the employee should merely be.given separatlori pay consisting' of.one (1) : month -salary every ye.ar.of service.(1 :·1°)' {Grolier · rnt;I inc. V, Executi~e LatiorAttiiter,ciR. No. 83523, Augu~f31. ·1_9(J9).. . ·
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Components of - SPIR ·.. per · prevailing, jurisprudence · . 1. The .arnount equivalent to at' least· t-rnonth . salary or to 1 -month salary 'for" ev~ry year of service, whichever is higher, a frac.tionof at least -- 6. months being considered as 1 whole: .year (SouthEas.( International Rattan, Inc. v; Coming, . G.R. No. 186621, March 12, 2Q14); . 2. ·Alfowan.ces that. the · employee has been receiving on a regular basis. (Planters Products, . 'Inc. v. N~C. · ~.R: No.: 7.8524, January ,20, 1989). · · ·
· .}r · frown~~ upon ln labor proceedings (General Baptist
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Period C,:ivered . . . . . 1. From first day._ of employment up tothe date. of .finality_ of: deci~ion .(Agricqltural:and. Industrial . Supplies ,Corp.. v, Siazar; .G:R.. No.·. 177970r Separation pay_'!~ lieu of Reinstatement (SPIR) August 25, 20-10).. _. ··. . . . . .. Ari. ·29'4 expressly mandates only reinstatement 'ar.id 2. .Whe~ ernptoyer.' has · already", ceased .. its never the alternative remedy of ·separation p~y i~,;fP) ... operations after the dismissal·. of employees, it . lieu.thereof, Bu_tj~ris_p~ud~nce clearly enynciate~)ll.~~~·t · must be .computed. only up to. the time the ~V'<(ard'of:~eparaµo_n ~-a~ttn .l~e.event remstate'.J}e.rtn't·,-!1\ . employer ceased ~per~tions. · . . · ~s ~He,:1s1b.le. ~ndemagly,.1~is.a recourse base~1?_11:/·~ eci1,1i1y that' has been · sanctioned by the Supren,J~,·• '' .1;..:~R-~.~som l:J:1.~computation must be ·based on the Cour·~-_;n· a .._ci'.)tena Qf -cases. (-Session D1:;lig1J.t~Jq~·~.'it,:i.dS.t.Jf'.$:.ff.i?~P~1ays when Po.ly_mer wa.s. in. act~al Cream and .Fast Fo.04s _v._ CA G.R. ljp::fr7_2149, ~i .; ope~atton!:-~~-nnotbe held hab_!~.~~ p;3y:separatton . Februar.y8; 20_10). . · · . (-::>--- . > ;11;,i --:>·! pay beyoric;l;,,s.Pi;:h·closure of. bus mess !)ecause eyen _ . . . · · : . . : . . . ' .. · , . . ;/),.{1 _.h .)<:'·· if . the ill~ga~IY\dismissed -en:ipJoyees .would. be. l~staf1ces··~-henSPIR wa~_awar~~!t~> H! · r.~m.st~teg!-thfY ~9u19.not P~.s~1bly_w~~k beyond. t_l:'ie 1 . .-\tVhe~ ~f!lploy~r;'.s_ ~~s1ne s._:(.fi~~-·-~~~ljed~tr~ow~: time -oqthe ~ces~tion of. rts _operat1ori_. (Polymer, '. ... _(¥~n!la . J_ockey .Cll!b -~-rtf.a1an'µ"~-R- Np_.. , 1 ~-,J- Rupber,r CO(P· .. !)d_. Jqsep/J. Ang. ".'· .Bayo/o . -1°??,9f!?;·June 2~,. 2<>·1-~);:=·: . :1:..~~) ·· ~:'°:.. ~-;~~ SalaFif(!;'Jiii~.•,ig;f}J~:#-?1851'60,Ju/y-~4, 201_3). ·.- ... 2, · -Remst~tementca_nnofbeeff.i;;.eg:irr.':'i~r' o~~h~ :_ l·-1( · ·.'-d o( impute~- se,:v1ce for 4 .. R!:lUJS~atementi:nay_no.longerbe·f~~;;1bleil""' .·.. . wh1Ch.·the employee-_ is entitled. to ~bac,kwages·. 5, . · !t · w~I. hot sarve· the bes! interest of'.Jll\~~9rties (Masag~na ·c01:,crete· Pr_oducts v. NLRC, G. R.. No. · · / involved;' . _;__. ·. ·. ·. · • ,__ - · · 106916, Sep(embef·3, 19~9), · ·· · 6. Comparjy. ;will · be _prejudiced bY. ·.tne · · ·· · · ... · · · · :reinstatement;·, ·_. -. . · ., ·. . · Note: · Award or' separation . Pc!Y in --lieu· of 7. .it .will )'ior·$-erv,e·~ p(uden't purpose; · . ·. · . reins!atemeflf j;q1ot prcipe'r'if. thire 'no _rjndirig :of . 8~ That':tnere ~re, -s~rainet,l relations }Doctrin~ p_f . illegality of disl'l'iissat .-Tllis · is · s·o · because. the· · .. Strained Relatf.on~);Were.the·. ·employee has-. · principal rsrnedy. Of . retnstaternent· may· Of'1ly· -be . · ·. already been replaced· permanently by a regular · ~ranted :ca·se thE:i dismi~sal · is. illega!' '(Leopard _.· .... ~mployee·- ar:,d:· .'tt,~re .. is.-: no, _sub$.t.anti'a'lly. · Securityand fnvestigafion-Agen.¢y. v.· Qui(oy,·,G.R .. · :eqi;ii~alent·; position.·· to .wt)ich·· he: may · be NQ, 186344i'Februa:r20,.2013).: · · · · · · ~. rein.stated( ·. .. . . .. ·; . . ! . _, •. . 9. iWhere;ihe dlsrriissed ·erriploye~·~ position is ·-no ~mployer does· not haye . ~he· ·option to _choose . l(?ng~r available at: ttie· tim~ of .reinsfa,tementfor · between actual reif1$.tatem~n\ and separation. pay in . !;!:- • ·:. • reasons not attributable to the ·fault· of· 'the · : - li~u thereof .. Ac:tual reinstatement has tbe. primacy as .. · em'j::,loyer: , · . .... . _ . _ . . ~he · prop~r.. reii.et· t~ .w)lich an. illeg~l_ly. aisrnis.sed .. 1.0. Injury or disal;>if!ty: of ~a.employee;-·. · · . ·. employee· is entitled:· Payr:nent of.separati_on·pay-·' 1':. . 11: einploy'ee has already reached retirement·. · s:hould -.be ordered :only in the event tt,'at there ..is·· a . · _ag13. urjder ·a Re~irem~nt Plan; · · :· . ·· showing that reinstatement' is n.ci longer·possible ·by .· ·· ·12·. -D~alh oJthe iJl.~gallydisrnissed emP.l~yee: , ··. rea-s9n· :.. of the ·jJ.istificcltions ·a1.10Wed ·... ·uncfer·· · ·· 13. s·~te Of the <:9mj)ariy; or. · . e.s.rablishe~jurisprodence. (JCJfu}son & Johnson PH~ ·>:-; 14. ·. lnsolveoi;:y ·of the GOinpany·. {CHAN. Pre-week Inc. v. johnson ()fflce ·& S.q/es Uoion-FFW,.G.R. No.· : ·,_ . Notes on Labor Law {2~1'8), p.61). · ·· . · 1727Q9, jury~. 2007),: .·
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actual reinstatement or pay;oll reinstatement. In the i.atter, there· lsno such option (2 AZUCENA, supra at
Dottrlne' of Stral'ned·R~lations .. Under the circumstances where _the relationship of emptoyerto employee is so strained and ruptured as to . preclude ·a harmonious working 'relationship should rejnstaternent of the employee be decreed, the latter should be affordedthe right to separation pay so that he canbe spared the agony of having to workanew with theernployer undef an· atrnosphere. . of antipathy and antaqonisrn and the employer does : not have .to; endure the continued services' of the . employee in whom it has lost confidence. (Esma/in v. Nl.:.RG, _·G.R. No.· 67[)80~ Sf otember 15, 198_9).:
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· Backwages is a remedy affofding the employee W'!lY to recover what he has lost by reason of the . unlawful dismissal (Tiinoted Sarona v. "NL.RC, 'G.R.. . No. 18.52[JO, 'January 1_F),_ 2012}.
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Note:·-- E'ntitler,nent to backWages of the illeg·ally dismissed' employee flows frorn law. Even if he does not ask for it,. it may be .given. The-failure to claim
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backwaqes in the corriplalnt.for illegal dismissal is a .. R13quisites: .. . . me.re procedural la.pse which-cannot defeat .a right. 1 :·: The employee concerned occupies .a positlon , . granted under , .substantlve law . (St. Michael's ·,. -where be enjQ}!S 'th~ trust and confldenceof his ·. . fnstita(e v, Santo's, G.R. No. 145280,"December 4, · ·empLoyer: and: · ,-- · . · . :,: · : · . zoosi: · . . 2. -ff. rein~t.ate<;f,."an. 'atmosphere' _of antipathy and · · . . . . : 1 • antaqonism 'may be generated as to _ad11.ers~~"=•P~ornputat'fon of Backwaqas · . · ... · aff.ecf. the· efficiency' and productivi~i'l(af'·t11e":l'LJ. . ~rrs;t~~p,utedfrom the time of: the iJlegat dismissal ·· · employee concerned ($fobe~Mack~y¢ab[e_.and ~... . \,to'·lTme-::O(~ctualreinstatement. If reinstatement is . · f:?ad,io Corp.:'{- NLRC, G.R. 'No. '{JQ'5.:(J?¥(rfh;J~rr-;.,. . ~;1~ge·ij8.9~~i.~~e.it' is cpmput~d until finality of the -1992). . · /~;,,. y~~: / ... eGi~~l(St.J,0~el}_hAcademyof'(alenzuela·Faculty . . .. . ·. . · .· .. f . :Q£ · .~_;,--""~':°"A'S°SQ.qj,~fion ..f'>'St.. '¥J.(2Seph Academy ~f. Va/em;ue/a;_ Eve!1 1n cases of 1lle:ga1 ~1sr11!§~Jr-«tl:iffdoprlne, 4 ~·R, No. 18-2.,"g!;tl;'[~i))~_e13,. -2Q13). · . . · . straine~ relati.on~·· is not. ap~~fi~ inEIJ~rimi6ci!tely _J.s . ~\. · . \ . :\.f. : \\ .. . _ · to. bar reinstatement, espec1~ily wh~fl the Jmpl'Oyee ~ Rule on ,~ac~'l.(ag~ has not indicated an aversiom ioJ~t~rrilngt~ofR"'pr· . •. Tneoaikwage~ '10.,,,.p <;1warded shoulq riot be doe.~,not·oc.cupy a position' 4't
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· Note: . _Under··:present :4aw~ .. and '..ju,~~pmcl~· -~·- . ,/fe':y~ _ · Sl,!J?a~a!1Qn: p_ay.may b_e_v1e~e~ I · ,f9u~ W~%..i.: . . .S'(>j-~~~l~.-:~ed(INl:\:.'5Pfli~~t~ti'?n of. b~.c~ge·s._d~e. to· the · ·•..· .. r.emsta~ern~nt is not-feasible'. . "~,_,j-:,/J · . :'\,. l: A,~~l~ye~sifo.uld_ mel_uae not Just_ the bas1_c .salary,·· '.2. /fa- employer's statutory· obhQaUon · ,r:i · ~S,e§_ gf. 1 l.t.btl\~Jsef the. regular a!lowances that he ~a~ b~en · legal. termination· ·clue . to· autho'l'i?:ed. c~use~· · ~r,'e'cei'-'.ing·such. as .the· emergei")cY· living allpv,,~nces . , . · · under Arts ... 297 and 298; '.; '· · · .. . . .'. : . · a·nd. ttie ·:·f3th~month pay mandated· under ttie law ... 3.. As fina~cial ·assistanc!3, '. as . an a.ct .o( ·.social .· . (Par.ari1Qt:11Jt Vinyl 'Pr.QC/uct ·corpo'rafion v_s. · NL,RC, . ·justice and even in ~a's~,of.legal dis~missal under. · G.R: No: 8tf2.00, Ocic;iber/'1, 19.90). ·; · .· ·· ; · Art. 296· and · . · - · , • · · · ·. ·. · · · · · .. : ·' · 4 .. As e'm~loyme~t b~nefi't g'ranted' in: CBA · or .. R~lnsfate!"ent V,. s:ackwag~~ · company policy supra a·( 953). .. .{2'A:ZUCENA,' :· .. - -
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-~~tef. · The_r~ ' .. 9re · differer:i~s . · betv1,een a_ . ·. · ·· . ·Restores· the ·em Jo ee Allows ·. ·. the Saine· _ · ·~emstaternent order_pt?rsuan_t !~· Art· 229 an1 ~t..· who': -~~ju~th;. eofpioye~ :...fo .' ..recover . . . 294 .. The .fo.r~er ~roy1_des for ..remstatem?nt which JS. : . , dismiss·~d.to the position 'frQni'.'tl:te.. employer that . ordereq: by_ \h~ Labor _.Arbiter . .Re~r1S!c'!te_ment . 'fri:>r'n whic~ he .. was which h~.had iost by'waY pending app~al ,s self-exec_utory. In .the latler., it is·remov d . (i·e to hi f · .... · · 'it f .·regarde'd:asa-rell~fto·c;ir:i·employeewhos~dismissal ·. · ta't' _e . ...... ts ·0h. wd~~e~asl a.r~sµ 0 · ...,... I · d ··11 · ·1 • · t.t · -1 d . t · ·S us quo an e 1s 1sm1ssa. 1s . 4ec aret. , ega • pursuan . ~.'i:i.. 1.ma: an · exec_u ory "''sm· ..I s·saI) .. · · '- . .. · . ul . j u d gmen, · ~·--·-·---~-- ..........---'--~--;...,...--"--'
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·Relnstateme~t- orde.red by' the labor. arbi'ter is s·elf-· execi.i'tory; the one o'rde,red. by· the . NLRC Is. not. Mor99ver, iFl the ~ormer, t~e employer has Zoptidns;
: . 146 I 2019 !SAN E!EDA LAW ~ENTRALIZED BAR ,OPERATIONS
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Hence, -they are not.entitled to tu11 backwaqas 'and separation pay in lieu of· reinstalement' as provided in Art. 294 of the Labor Code. As was held in.' · 'Mil/ares, Adelantar is a contractual employee whose . rights and obligations are governed primarily by . Rules and Regulations of the POEA and; more importantly, by R.A. .8042, or'the Migrant Workers and . Overseas Fillpinqs Act of 1995 (Pentagon · tntemetlonel Shipping, tnc., v. Adelantar, G.R. No: .. 157373, July 27., 2004): ·
.Separation pay Is . paid: Bac~wages' Is paid for' when reinstatement.. js] the· compensation which no lonqer possible. otherwise '.the_er;nptoy.ee· · · should nave earned had · .he · not,' ·b.~en · ii.legally. · dismi~s~_d: ...
. OF.W's who are terminated wit},ot.it just, ·va_lid or authorized ~ause are· e!.'title_~-.to: · . ~ . . . ·· · . . . ,· . . . 1, Full relmbursernent ot-ptacernent fee and the Computed on .the basis .computeorrorn the time '.'deductions "made· with .interest.· at f2% per ·.. of the ernplovee's length of illegal disrnlssal up to annum; and · · '. of service. · actual reinstatement, or . :· · 2. s·~laries . for. the unexpired' . portion of . the if reinstatement" . 'is no employment contract (Serrano· v. Gallant longer.possible, un:ui the. Maritime Services, lnc., G.R. No. 167614, Mar.ch f · fl_nality of-the decision.. 24, 2009J. .. L. -~ ,! ~~ ~~~Y,Ar.!~Paid as a v,:h,erewlthalor Pai~ for .the:·.los.s/)~f assistance clluring ·the eamlnqs: .,during \~~ v1,.;Jt'I .' . TTT,0,.-T . ·E· .. ·. ·. ·· . pertod that an employee p~~io_d · be.tween.. il~,9~1:: -y;~,- --'-Y~1DS OF -~PLOYMENT . -~s- ·lo'oking· tor · another d,~m,_S$a1 . · _...p-am't,v· H,--~--;t.t;i.:,::W,. · ·.. . ·. . . .. . ·.empl9ymen_t. reinst~terf!e,r;i};.,.·. LJ~ ARTICLE !~\s: -REGULAR .. AND CAS:UAL
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(2tZl)c:f=NA, _su~ra_ Reinstatement .~lt-~C?-ll~B_ac;kwaE!e~,_i'j;,i\; . · · ;;? 4- : §~_asonal·employm_ent; 1. When .the· d1sm1Ssal .1s· deeme ~ :_too·ii9rsh .. a·. 111 5.. f1x~d~Term employmef'!t; . · · . pena It·_y; : '' ......t.v .-.·i -_: ... . I . t . · · . .· : . · f;i, ·....-1,i-~JI., '-,·~ .,,41.-!£li.,Q b.a t'1pnary emP..oymen; . 2. When tt,e· emp!qyer ~ted in good~\~ithi .,,,~:-.::~{.'.,'. ;,t~;,it..§.ecunty· guards· and. othe~ privafo securiW 3. . ·.~hE!~e}ll~re·.is· np ~v1,t;l~n.c~_that(!-M,'~: ew.~leyer . . . · · pers~nn~I-; and . · .·, :· , . · .d1sm1;:;sed tli~ e[Tiploy~e. (2.AZUCE~,~'fflra at 8. float1n9 status. ::- . 999--1"060) · · · . ·' . · · ' :;.,.·~ · · .' . . , · . . . . ·.· . ,.. ._, ..... _. ,, ·_. ,. . : · 1 .. Regular Employment . R.ei~$ta~ement Vo'.J°th. Lim.ited Backw~ges . .. . Employmeht ifrrangement wliere.the· employee: There.: are inst~nces where . b.ackwage~ were. not · a. Has·· been. eng!'lged. to perform .activities. , giveri '·in' JuJ_I. but;merely li.f!1ited.for .the ~am~. teason: · '. · which are usually ne-c:essary _qr desfi:~.ble in of good fa1Jh._ on the part ·of the employer (CHAN,.thi:l usual business. or trade of the employer; Lab9t Lawf{evleWer (2_0_1.6), 6h, 4). :.\ · · · b. · Has. renoered· at least 1 year .of service; . ·:. . . ' ·.. . . . ·. . .. . whether . such. service is,· continuous or. · Ex~mple:. . . . . ·. ·. ,·: '... . b,roken, wlth.. respect.to the activity .In which · In- San. Miguel -Cor,:,oration v. Jaw;1te, _Jr., the. award . t,e Is· employed; or . :· · . . . . . . . .. . of bac~wagesWas limit~d·only fat 1 year cori·sidering_ . ,0'. 'When an employee is allowed t.o work:afler _the J.Tiitf!;iati.ng· cir.cumstance·of good falth:attributed · · · .. a. pr;obationar·y period (LABOR CODE, Art. . ·tq the· employer ($.)n M/guel. .<:;orporatlori v: Javate, . . 295/ .. :· .. ·. - - _ · · , ·: Jr:-;.·G.R..No: L~Q4244;' January 27,1992). . . :. . . : . . : .. . .. . · Tests of Regu!arify. (N.PP) a. Nature of Work Test· · award~ to ill~gaiiy'·dismi$ Sed .:OFWs Whethe~ or ~ot_there is. reasonable connection ·seafc;Jr~ts_ _;;1re _. considered contractu~1· 'empioye~s. betwee-n particular activity perf
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Casual Employm,ent There is casual employment where an employee is engaged to perform a job. work or service whlclfis merelY·iri~identa!' to tf.ie: business of the · employer, and such job; work, or service i.s for a .definite period made known to theemployee at the time of·engqgement (2 AZUCENA;- supra .at 786). -; · ,·, .
by . the , "employee is necessary or,'.desirable. can· be · determined bytooklnq at the. services rendered and. its relation ..to the ·gerieral scheme under. . which· the business· cir trade is pursued' in. the . usual, course.' It' dl.stinguished from a specific a. .The status- of reqular employment attaches · undert.aking._ that ts · djvorced .'from· the normal to the casual employee who has rendered at · · ··attivities· requjred in' carrying. on the=partlcular least 1 year of service, wh~ther such service business or trade'iEddie· Pacquing v. cocels continuous.or broken: wffh.respectlo_.the ·. · G_r;,ia; ·G,R. No. f{J79.66; Jant.iary 3.1, J008). activity in· which he is employed, and .his .· .. · . · ...... employment shall'· conti.nl,Je·.;·while' such · b. · _feriocfof~ervic;e .Test . . . . . . act!v!ty exists (LABOR CQDE,· Ait,:295). :· · Whethe'c or not the 'employee has rendered at ' b. A casual employee is only .casual for. one · : least 1· year of service.' An empfoyee, who is Y~ · · · ·. c. · .. frobc:itjonary-Erripl~ym~.nt Ti~t ~~j /-~ . ~~'\ ·PUrP,\)'~:_, To give · meaning·'· to', the , . An employee who' _is. ~ll~w~f to'\~j,~~~the-"".~....:....,~~~t!tufi~~~I.g~aFante.es of · se~u~tY .. of · 1apse· ot. the probat1on~t!t{'.Pl:\ngf ~.nall ~~ itenti~.·:~~cl~ right.. to self-orqanization . · considered a regular e;''p1oyl3!!~}(Col~gioD.'el Lt';;... \MeteicfQ ,;-~\ NLRC, 'G.R. · No. ·79869,., Santismo. Rosario v. Em·, anuie"Rojo,.[1.G,R.N_o. · ~,. ff}epter'?/{e,;fqi!991).. · · · . 170388 Se tember 4 20 W,1.,.· · -'---·--j \\ :--· , 11 •· .• • · • . · · . . - .: . . p . ,. . ' .,U f"~-; ., . . -:_'.~~· . -"'~':,y t'<~i!PProj~ctEm~i~J,l;ii-.. ' ·. . . Spe~ial ~roup~f·of'Er,npli::,y.\~~ . · : ~ : : .. !t;f.~r -._jj'~ Th1e· . is 'if>l'ejecitfi employmen't .. when: lhe · 1. , OFWs and Seafarers· ~n.~o(iS\'-~.c:~·ns!L rE!d as>~ . · errlp)f,;wen.tyha;slie~m fix~d:.for·a specific.project . regi.!far employees.. ,]hein lrmp~~r)&r.s. • ''1' . oj'u~d,eftaklligx!_J:f~tcpmp'lefidn or;t_eiminaticin of . · · gove~ned ~Y th~ contraclf~e'y\~i~j'n '(\\{IX'4ir:n~,~ }f,!?'P' been',fcte1e_rrriin~ =. ~t :the .~im.~ of.·. they. are· re'1ir~d •. ·aqp \t,hf:i_f·· _e"q~_Pl?y~t?ti_t:? ~~~~el'ry~'nt:of ·tlie: ~11!PfC?Y~~ .(/:J:,f?OR 'CODE, termin~ted -~l)en:· '~-~ con:,!rac~ e~R~re~J'~·~' .. 29.,91'-: employm~n~ ,s fixed·t~r a c;~~m pe_r1g,a of.MfJ.e,l'~Ny\ p,.,. J . ,. . ·. :;:.·. . · . (Milla.res v. NLRC, G..R. No. , 105211" ~u/~tJ;:..J._::....L.,-:~~9-e~er'aJ~~~}:il~_: . Proj_e9t: ·e.~pl?y.ees. c1,re. : riot ,. 2002). . ··· . · · ~ ~(.{},/) ~~gula~er.pployee.s; t~eir services··being r:ieeded 2. For ~ a: private . schpo_l · teacher ~1( ~c;:gpire "1\, t.\J-olfii~~in.t!'lere ·are projects··to be ui'ld~·rtaken . . permari~ni sta~us in emplqyment •. the Toll~ing · l"v.A.C'!.. ;JPtrOcampev. NLRC, G.R. No,· 81077; June 6, . 'i'~qujsites must con91,fr;' · :·' .· · .. , · · ·· ·: <>-~._..~ 1990/. ·· · · · · · v . ·a .. ··. The teacher:fa'a.tuil~time.-teacher;.·.. . . . . ,... .. . .. ·.-. -.,":·>- . . 'ti.. The,· ··teactjer.· . ri:)ust :_'hav..e . ~endered. 3 .~cepfion_:. .Wht3re_-the ..e,mployr'i:i.ent,of proj~¢t · · .consect.i'tive·year~· ofs.c;?rvice; and .· · ··· · · ~ll'lplbye~s.is extende~;l Jorig_·after the -~upp·os~ed: ·c.... -Such serv'ice must. t:iave 'been satisfactory i?roject ,ha's'..been :fini~he'o, .th.'!:? 'ef'.l1pl9ye1;3s 'i:i're (Sp.ous~s· Lim· L.~gazp( 'HOR.e' Christia'n . ~emoved '·fr.om. the scope of proje6t ·employees· s_chool, G.R. Np.. 1728:18 March 31, 2009). ·~ :and _;;ire. considered .as. regula( e~ploye.~~ . . (Tomas. Lao .Constru9tion · I(•. NLR(;, · (;_:R,. No. :Fo~·piec·~ tate viorkers t9.b~ reguiariz~·d::(ND'O · . ·1,t 6781; September 5, j 997}, . · . · · . . ·. . ~. . . . a·.. Their\vork. mus(6e Nece.$sary o{deskable · . · in 'the u_sual t)us'iness of'the ·em,i:\loy~r; · . . When~ May ' a .P~oject E,niploy~a-·. Become a Regular Employee1 (Re'-Ta'pe) .· . ·. . ... • b.. They wi;>rked. for the employer throughout '·the .. year, :the.ir... emplo.yment: not being . · · .. a. : There. is·. 'continuous ·. '&hiring of ·project . .employees. ~ve'n a(te( .the. cessatiqn· of 'a .. . _Qepenqent c:m ·~ sp~cifi~:.p_r9ject or·.s.eason:·. and .. , · ' . . . projec(fof. the,saine.tasks''or'r:icitut(;l of:tasks . ~. They, workeo ·for. ruO[e t'1a11 (U..year {Labor (the er:npiqyee r;TIUSt CQiltinUO\,!.sly rehired . .. Gongress of the PHI,., 'i'~ NV~C,. G.R .. _No. ~itholit gaps and. interval~}; ark;! · · 1~3938; May.21, ,.. 19,98) ' .. . .. '.
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Howeve~:·if, the workers in the,.;,ork pool.are free to leave . _any time and. offer !heir services to. other ... employers, they are· considered ·projeGt employees (P.olicy Instructions. No .. 20-76; Raycor .Aircontrot Systems,· 'me.. -v, NLRC, G.R. 'No: 114290, .Septf!rriber9, 1996); ·
.The Tasks Performed.by theaueqeo project . employee are · vital, necessary ·. and indispensable to the usual business or trade ofthe employer (Maraguinot v. iVLRC, G·.R. No. 120969, January·22, 1998).:. · Note: Project has reference. to· a particutar job or undertaking that may or may .not be
indicators of l>r~ject Employment: (DuDe:CORU) Either one· or more' ofthe following circumstances, amonqothers, may be considered as l'ndicators that an employee. is-a project employee: · · · a. The .. .Q.y,rati.on 'of . the . specific/ideritified .. tJndertaking·fc5i'which tha worker is ent)agE/dis . reasonably,determir'i'able;:·~, . , . . .... b. -Such 'duration, · as .:well : as- ·.the .specitic 19!18). . . ,work:lservice to be performed, is. Oeffned in an . ' . . . employment agreement and is made clear to the Work p~~'I PrJncij)le . ernployeeat the time of. hiring; ' . . As. ·general rule, employees may or may· not be c. . the work/s-er.vice performed by'the employee is· .f members of- a work pool, Ayt1otk,pool refers; ..to a.._7In Connection · . with. ·,·the particular .. group ·o.t workers from which an _empioyer likf~.=f.:,1:( . ·pmJecilur:idertakingJor.which he.is engag~d;'' . . construction.company. draws the wor)<ers it depld'ys,r/ ·' ~· d. The employee, while not employed a'riq a.waiting or _a~sig'i-ui to -its· various projects . or any pha'.~flf,·. ;';,: ~- • ·. e'ngc:!~em.ent,is: free' to Qffer.his services to a~y the.reof-(2'AZUCEN.f',, supr~·at..775). . · ':i V"· .'· :i~~~thereJJ.1.glqyer; ·. · · · . ,: :· · · i.t''.H:·~~:,.;..~~JJiltTi~,rrninaUor;i· .of his · employtri'ent 1n. the _-r._11embers of..a .wo,s:i< pool· may consi~t~<:>!? . :: ·,1 · · _partretila(_r~oj_ect/undert.akJn.~ ·is .R~p~rt~~ to the a.. Non-prc;>)ect_etnployees.or e111ployees for a!';,\,~J · · [?OLE 1fl9/0naLOffice·having ')Urtsd1ct1on over . . iii'definite period. ·wthey· a-re·.~rf.ipl~yed in.)i;,-,-:'[-t_ '. the ',_1°y~~l0:.~-,~!3rt!culjr ~ project ~".nploye_e. _-as· ·pra'cticed ·,_by mp~t. ·• · · . proJ~cf'. . ~r . in . any phase 11 there(?f_ are }~~ ••fon.structlon.c:o~panie_s (Sf]mson I(. NLfC, G_R. consid~red as such. if they are)r.esi.t~I.eave ji·r,,:'";.:,,. .:IY..9,i..,}431.6,~. February 1,,1996). : · · " . anytime arid offer' their· serviees to ot:f.i:er.!....--~!!:!~I.m, . ' -: ' . ' ' ' . . . . en)Pioyees '.{f'oi.~cy'- lnst,:uction:f fi/0. i~f#76; ' 'Pr:f11tipal-tesf.to Datermihe'Whether Employef!S . Raycqt_ Aircontrol Systems, _ lno'-2.,_'fo.,:.NL,RC,.. . . Are ..'Projec.t EmplQyee.s' ~s Distl~.91.!ished ·fro in · G.R.-No .. 114290, ·September Q, 1996)... · 'R~g·u1ar.Ein'plc:>yees~, ·., · ... . ·. '· . . . · · . ·. . The:test is wtiether· or not the project employees are Mer.e memb~rship·in·~~e y,.,ork pool _do~ not res.Y.lt in . - .: assi@ned .. to Cc:l(ry . out .. a · specific· pro}~c~ ·· or the.v.:orkers'.becprr,ing regular·~rtjp1oyees by'_rea·son. , 'u'n(lertaking·'.the'·:quraliqn' or, seep~ ·of whict:i ·are .. ·o( ·that fact.· .alone -{Abesco (;:onstr.uction-. and · specifil:?d'at the Jime:the employ,eesafe·engaged:tor.· . Developmen(Corp. v. f?f:!mirez,. G.R, ·No:"}411(}8, . that.project (ALU~TU6P I(, NLRC, G.R. No.. {69'902, 7 f:ipri(10, :2006). . . August.2_; 19_94.). ... .. - .. within tlie· regular or. usual. business. of employer. In either case, the project must be.· dtstmct, 'separate and. identifiable from.the -· main business of the employer. and its . · duration· rnust .... be .vdeterrnined or .determinable {Phflippine . Airlines, Inc: v. NLRC, G.R. No. 125792 .. Novembfir 9,
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. EnJitlementto :separation .~ay · ·. . · M~~~~ts -w~rk'po·d·I from wh;ch a construction· P.roj~ct employee.s are not e{'l,itled to ~eparc;1tion.pay cqmpa'ny dr.a.ws its project emplqyeei; '.li:~onsidered . ·if.they are terri:iinate.d as' a resuJfof th~· completion·of efllploye~s. 'of'the construction C.erof proj~cts · . in which they have. be~h employed (Saberola pc1rti¢ular project, the. completiQ,n of the. project or·.' 'Suarez, G.R: No. 151227, .Jilly, 14, 200(!). · anfphase t~er.e9f will ·not me.an severance:of ~r-Ee .. relatiori§hip. (Polfqy lnstructi~n · {yo. 2():-_76, PH Project. empJoy~·es .-enjoy '§ecUFity' of' tenure. '0·n1y · Natlq[!al Construction Corp. v. NLRC; · G:J~.. N.o. du~jng _the term of tl:ieir:p'r.oject er:nplcjyr'nent (Tomas : ?5323, June 20, · 1989). · · · Lao· Con~trlictlon. v. NLRC, G.R., No. 116·781:; S~pte,nber5,.,1997).
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r-..ote: If. the termlnatton .is brought. about' by the completion of.the'project orIts' phase no prior. notice ot.terrrunation is-required; the. employer.is, under the · law, only obliged to render a report to the QOLE on the tertnination <;>f. the employment.(O.M· Consunjl Inc. No:. 169.1.70, 9,.2(}W). :. .· v.. Gobres, G.R. . . . August . _...
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Se~sonal'Einployment · · · . . s.~asonal . employment ·. is . an employment· arrarrqement where an employee is engaged. to work-durlnq a particular season 'on an activity . that is usually necessary or desirabte ih' the . 'usual business or. trade. OT the employe~
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(Univer.sal Robina Sugar Milling Corp. v. Acibo, · G.R, Np: 186439, January 15, 2014). Note: E>urjng . off-season, · the · r~la.tionship of employer and employee is not severed but .only suspended; .the seasonal employee Is merely considered on leave of absence without pay.(Manila Hotel v. Court· of Industrial Relations, G.R. No. 'L188!5, September 30, 1963). '· . . . :
f:teason'·fo~ validity of fixed-pe;i_od employment . .. (Brent.Doctrine)~ of .parties·rtfrcontract°sQ . . Freedom , ..
· long as the stipulations -thereof are· not contrary to iaw, morals •. 90(?,d customs, publlc order. and public. policy (Brent Bcho67. tnc: v, Zamora; G.R: No ... l» · . 484~4, Febru?>y5, 1990). . · · · '
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5-1&¥ ~· ... f Note, It does. not necessarily follow that where the ;{duties of the employee consist of .activities usually ~t necessary or- desirable in the usual- business. of the
Ru_les on Fixed~Ter~ Employment:
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1. Notice of termination is not necessary In fixedterm employment· (Pang[~inan v. General Milling Corporation, supra): . . · 2. Employee·is·deerned.regular if cqntract failed .to . state the specific 'fixed period Of ·employment. (P9seidon Fishing NLRC, G.R. No. 168052, - February 20, 2006); . . ,,::erminaUon prior to _lapse of. fixed-ter.m contract .. should- _be for a .just' .or authoriz~d .cause (Anderson v. NLRC,- G.R. No..· 111'212, January · 22 1996)• .. · · · · ·,. ' 4. .-Li~bi°lity for i'1iegal.. dismis.~ai.· fixed-term · · eri11?loy.ee is..ol')ly fo_r.sa!ary for une~pired ·p9rt.lon · (N~w --Sunrise Metal 9onst111ction Ii. · Pia, G."R: : · No: 171131, July:10;.2007)/ : s. e·mpioyees ailc~i.\ied. to work beyor"\d Jne·.rixed . term · become.. reguJar · emplOy!;leS.· ( Viernes :v: NLRC, G.R_,-t;Jo.. '1-08405; April 4, 2003). . . ·..
.f ~ emplqyer, the parties.. are forbidden from agreeing on .•
~-;: a period 'of· tim_e for the performance of -such v·activitles. There-is nothing contradictory between J.f~ ·definite perlod et-employment and the nature of the { · ef!lploye~_·s. duties (P_angi/infJn· v: Gener.ai_. · Milling .,.:, , corporetion;G.R. No. 149329, July 12, 2004). . ,,;,f; However, ln.the following cases, workers.employed. · · for- a . .'fixed-term . were' considered- as regular . : · empl~Y~f!Sj81 C)" ·. · '· :· ;-- . · · . . . ·. - . 11<,= -, 1. · The employees we.re allowed-·to work f!eyqnd tthe fixed-term · without the benefit ·of a new contract .·(l(if;mes· v. NLRC, G.R. No. 1084(:)5,. i'i-1, ART·IC~E 296_: :PROB~TIQNARY~MPLOYMENT. (Megas~_ope_. General Services .v, NLRC, -~1.R1'/ ·., •. ;.,. .Probat1on~ry · Employm~nt exists where 'the, :N9. 109224;,Jtme19, 1.99'7);and · . .{..:rvr';';,:·i~, "employee, uponhis engagement is.made to und~rgo· 3, lncase of successive renewals.of fixed perjoo·:··,· il•.1/ .a.trjalperiod.. duriog which the employer-determines _·contracts and ~hc;re [sa re:~-~o'nabl~~o·n!]jl.itid'iii.'-·Jt'.%~s1~ij~s~pC~u'al!fy. for reg.l!lar ~mp.loynie~.\ based between the- particular activity perfp~r,r;i~d·oy the,.,· J · on reasol'iab)et,standards made known to him at the . employees -ir_,· r!3lationJo ·the usu.rif~t.fs1ness 9rR-- f time ot his f~~ageme-rit (/RR of the LABOR CODE;· ... '.. trade of:the. ernpJpyer (Philips S~frjx~ndl/.;;to;;.f·~ .. Book VJ, fJil~ ·l~f ec. 6(d)). . , .. :·: .. PHL ~nc, v.. Fadnquela, G.R. ~!l];;,M1,t'f:Z/Apnl ~.'\. . · ii -~ . \~ · . · ·. · . · ; -: 14, 2Q04). : · ·~<~-- : 1~ , . .,:,1 . A'-prob'?!Oorn:\'ry 'employee·· is·· one· ·who is 'under · ·- · . :. . . · · ... : , ·· _: ~G . ~, . :~. obsei:vit1on an 'mployer to d~termine whether-o·r · Criteria under which ~ixe ·..'8!797) .. · · · · · .· · · ... ., -· .1:· J:he _fixoo··period of employme7iit w..fo~~?w.in~ft:.·. f .,- . · -' · ·.' ... _ ... , ... · _ :- · · · · .. f · .··and' yoluntafily· agreed ·upon't.%: ttJe,,·part1es · 1.1L,...:.N,qte: In.all cas_es, the employer shall make !tances~_:•titiatw:g,Jhis engagement. Wl1ere- no :,st~ndards'ar'e '!Jade k.r:i?Wn cohsenf;:or · · ·. · :· . {-0~f:;, ·.:. to·the employee at that time;he should be.regarded f2.. it .satisfac(o'rily a·ppear.s'that ttie· employer·a·nd . as_~- regular .en,ployee (f~R the LA_BQR ·coD€, f . ·th.e emplpyee dealt with:each other o.n mqre or ·_Book Yf; R_ule./,.Sec, 6(d)). · _. · .. _- ·.. ·. · · · ;_.. · less · £·quaI- terms. with., No moral'- dorr;iir:ianc~ · · · · ·. · · · . · .-exer~ised · by, the· fdr111er· or ..the. latter (Brent :Probationa(y ei:,iplomient. must· . ~av~ ·. .-b~en. ·Sc;hool ln.c:. v.·_. Zam6r_a, · <:,_;R. No.. L-48494,. · expressly agreed· upon .. If tt,ere. ts'· no : ~uch . . · February5, ,1f}90); .· . . . . '.' · . agr:eement, the·el'T!ploym~ntis consi_deredregular (2. . · .· · . AZ()CENAts __ .upra at 798).· . ·... : . . . . · .· ·.Ge~·~·fral'-~-~!e:. F.ixed-Peiiod•. Emplo~ent ·· Val.id.so·IOn·g as.the·crite·rra·ar~ Complied with (2. DuratiOn- · ·.. .... · .. , :· .':· · · : AZUGENA,·iupra at 789f. .. ~ ' General· _Rule: Prol:!ationary ernpl_o.ymeht, shall not
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: Exception·: .While tlie Supreme Court has. · upheld the 'legality of fixe_d-ten:n _employm_ent, .wMre from·the'circumstances.it is apparent tnat ·. . . the·. p·eriods .have be~n imposed· to preclude acquisition· "bf security of tent.ire .by the . e'mployee, they.· should. be s'trucis down or • di.sreg~rded·as contraty t.<>pµtilic policy (Manila Water Co." Inc: v.· Pena,: G.R. No.. 158255, July 8, 2001; ·Magsa/in v..' National_Otgan;z_a.tion·.of WorkingM~n; G.R. No. 14[!492,__ May 9, ;!003).
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working (LABOR CODE, Art. 296). · · .· . The.comp1Jtation of the 6-month probatlonary..period . is reckoned frori:i the. d~te of appofntment _up· to the same calendar date of the 6111 month folloiNirig .(Alcira ... v. NLRC, ·G.'R. N~•.-149859, June·~. 2004): · · ·
2019 SAN SEDA LA\/y CENTRALIZED BAR OP,ERATIONS
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Excepti_ons: 1- .. When it. is covered ·by an apprenticeship aqreernent stip!Jla.ting a longer period :(LAB.OR CODE, Art. 296); . .2. · When t,he parties to an employment .contract ·agree otherwise; · . .3. When the· same is. established. by· company policy; and. 4. When the same is required 'by the nature- bf the work performed . bythe . employee. .
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Note: The probationary employee is entitled to procedural due. procesa.prlor to dismissal from .the . service. However, unlikethe 1•1 and 2nd grounds, the 31d·grou11d does hot'require notice and hearing. Due process."of law for this third ground consists of making the. reasonable standards expected of the. employee during hlsprobatlonary period known to him at the time of his _proba'tionary employment (PH. Daily Inquirer,'lnc, v. ,Magtibay Jr., G.R. No: 164532, July
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2007),
. It notone.ot the exceptional circumsta~ces·aoove is proven, _the employee Whose employment exceeds ·~,'months is undoubtedly a regular employee (San. Miguel Corp. v. Del Rosario; 'G.R. No.. 168194 ' & . 168603; December·13,.2005).
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·Termination to 'be valid must be done- prior to the 'lapse .of probationary period ·.(Pasmaba v. NL'RC, G.R. No. '16.8421, Jun« e: .2007). Termination a.few .days -~_fterthe lapse of probationary period cannot be 'done without due process as tie has already become . . · ·. ·· · . ·t · · a regular employee by that-time {San- Mii}Uel ·qorp. ExtensiorJ of Probation -, .v. be/ Rosetio, ·G.R. No. 1.(581.f}4 & 168603, .The .employer and-: employee may,. extend .Jl_¥-.=;.,.,,,,.._~.Q_ecembe_r 13, 2005) • .' ·. ·· · . agre~ment the probationary period of emJ?J.o~ent l{ ;· 1\ ~.,..,.,'<,,,_ · .. · . · -beyond 6. months. · .. However; ~proba~j9pary ~'R~6u1p;}ta_tus after Probationary Period . · employment cannot be .a_d'inti,nit~rn .:t~a'(Jw~ef.'f.Sttg;-:;="':"·~ft.. -.E{mp!o}-:ee'\rhois allowed to work after a ... . Inc. v. Hon ... Leogardo-Jr,, _G.R_t>f ;(42~~~/Jl.t'ltfary =--prof>ati~ary_,;peji~d "shall be considered a regular 26, 198~. :. r • .-, :-emp!Q¥;~(~.~OjtfODE, Art.-296) .. · .... ·. /r~,; ·m.i 2( ~¥ ·,;\~J'.'ii.J,~ . . ·. . ~ote: By voluntarily ~i'greeing/(Gt:crq~!an ext~nsiora, .s.tandarf,f·fo~B~gular;!zation . _. the em~loyee waive~ a~y. ~;~L1,._efit·j~ac;h~~g~t.?.,;.t~~ ;tif..\ It is no!j~e. pr~B~11J0WeCT)ployee's i?-b de~cription .completion of the period 1f·he-'stl!);fa1led to VJaT<e tfie"""""'ij~i ':'15ti'f1ne.adequate.. perf.ormance of his duties and · ·grade . during · t~e pertod ~fir~xt~6sio.ri (~fl;it:v~~-~e~'onsii_mties -.~fitc:li~1i,e9 ~and~1d=--{oi· · r~gularizat,ion·. Jf · . the. . January 26! '_1989), . · . ·. · fl' i ·.· ~~,e!ol;i~p~~-·employe~~"l:la~ been fully appr!s~?. by , · . . ·. · i < ({)~ ·~~\. / 'ffz - t~'PIS _e~l;ilQ~er·oJ1th~e. duties and resporis1b1ht1es, , ·Doul)le o·r Suc.cessive·Prol:it1tion~pt PJ~~~- :. kn9~ledg~tand' common sense,·dictate The evil sought to b~ prevettted is~,lo ·.dis~f®~... ~!t),.t~~~stirdequatelyperform.the same, else he schem_ing e1:1 players · frorn· _ul:?ing. the\,sysl'eJll~~l~tG p~s~i!,e·p'_robttionary trial .and may therefore 'double or successive. pr_obatlo~~-·ci~~1!1te~~JENl_~~j)bj~(toJe~m~tion (Abbott Laboratorie~, PHL ma~date of the 'la"". o~ regul~nza~n. a~ 'm~"'1~.~/~raz,"5fj~!3Jfo.':192571, April 22, 2014).. ' _ easier for them, to d1sm1ss .their empto,:t,ee~')ioJi(fii]i'="-=-?'"'"."'~ ;-f\\A'\.- ~ , · · · . · , , - · ·. Inn !ylemi/a v.:.NLRC, G.R. No:._-10,91-!4':':~te1!l_'ber: -M. J~l/tii~fi9-l,ls-.(Probatioil.~ry.Emi;>loy{Jl~.;f . , . . wifh·the.specific. .teqoirements of th'e.contract; ·.PrQba~tonary. ernplpyees' ,are .protected oy the : . ·2. The 'dis.sa.tisfa°dion01') the p~rt 9f the erriployer s.ect,.irityoftenure:provision of th_e·coi:istitution during must be real and in good faith; n·ot feigned so as and before the.end:of. the probationary·P.eriod;.·. . ; to circumvent the'contract.pr the la-«; and :. . . . . . . . .. . . .3. There must be no unlawful 'discrimination in the Hqweve'r, prob'~tionary . ernploye~ may be dii:;miss.:tl (Qavao ·. Contractors Development : dismis'setl at any time before the. expfration ·or the · Cooperative v:· ·Pas,a'wa;· G.R.:No. 172174, July · proJ:?atio'~arYperiod.on any ofttiese ·grqund~:. · . · : . ·9; 2009). · .. · · ·~- 1. Just" c~use; ·. . · • j 2. Authorized.cause; and· . . 3.. When 1:ie Jai!s to ci.1.i'ality as· a regul~r employee . \. ih accordance . .with . reasoriabie ·standards pr~scribetl by the employer (Un(verstcjad De -Sta. ·1sabel .,v::Samba)on;Jr., GR. Nos.. 19(3280 &"196286; April· 2, 2014).. . . . · · ·: ·.
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· LAB,OR ·RE.:LATIONS.
. . SAN ~EOA tAW C£NTRAt:IZEDBAR OPE,RATJON5- MEMQ,RYAID 2019 · .. ttatM _ . MA Sili&AR&:i.ift J !XZiiihP&iWiriAWWHWS A4i MM?*51PfMhd
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Regular Employment: . . f. · Wh~n allowed to work after. probationary. period; 2. When allowed to work in the absence of a valid · probationary contract (b.O. No. 150-16 Sec · , 3.3).,· ' '
~Ei;:iR~~~~i~:ES . ElVIP;LOY. M : E NT . SEC·{JllITY.
AND WORKING . CON:OI':fl.ONS.OF .QUARDS AND PRIVATE.
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.Rights of Security Gu~r.ds ·a11d other-Private SecurityP.ersonnel: . '· p . . All security gua'rds and ?ther private security. lUVATESECURI'i'Y.INDUSTRY· personnel, .whether deployed or assigned as· {:D.'.O~-No._1so":i6) · . . reliev~r, seasoriali·week~eiider, or temporary; shall be ~nt1tlec!,to-all.tl:fe rightsand•privileg~s asprovided for ,10 .the b.abo.r Code,. c:IS amended, which shall Nole: The guidelirj.es took effect. ci.nApril 29, 2016. · include the folloWing, (Sa'L~ReS-RiS) -· · . - ·· · · · · 1.. Safe and healthful working conditions; . ¢overage . :·. . . · · 2, . .!:abor standards ·such as but not limited to · This ~evised· Guidelines· shall apply to all private . service i~centive leave/premium pay, overtime . security, . detective, .. investigative. aqencies: or pay; holiday- p~y •. night ·shift differential, 13th operato~s,. their. principals or clients, and .. all '. . . ·mon~h 'P~Y.i pn,d separation pay as may· be cornparues .employing security guards· and other~,,._. ·:') . .provided m .the Service Agreement or underthe private security personnel (D.O. No. 150-16, sec/:tj:',:f/l . l,ab_or.·cadei as amended; . 1 . • .. • (··-'": (/' • :\ 3. . Retirement: benefits. 'under Republic Act No. P.riyate Security P.~rsonnel . ·.. · ·· · 7641, ~epu!)l\c.Ad N9·. 1161, ~s amended by ,_.Refer~. to ·n.atw~l persons, mcludihg .· prtya.(~;.,.;:/i':·~;;;;-tRepubh~-_f.ct:No: 8282'.._and ret!rement plans of .de!e9tives;. security· ·?on.sultants arid /!scl.;urityl~h·~.U.L ..... J~~-:J_e~~ity~e~.1ce c~ntractor; 1f ~ny; . . . .offl<;:~rs, 1::mployed b~ privatesecurity ~g~'tjcyorfirrh.,• · 4 .. ·§?c1a1·.s1r~pntya~d welfare benefits; · · · . to. re~der. s.es~tjlyand/or. detective· (~(Vi,c;;es.(D.Gf:!;-'::.;~ - . 5. Right .. ffft· sel!-orga_nization arid collective No, Hi0-16,sec .. 2(f)t _ . . }P(} .._ _:,..;. ,~1tor-s...Qt'fer.fqrm,s The :.secu.~ty guards and-· other pnvate secunty . ch~cks_ or. -~earches, ~f, m~1vid~als · o\ i~?g~aEJe _and. : . f:l~P.e,~onnel. ll'J th~ employ· of any $SC/PSA or firm . . otherJorms of_secunty.1nspect1on (D:Q,sf.VcC1 sq.,J_(:i;:,~/:·1•::~,i,h.?:P!~.~;~~l!lY licensed an~ m_ust h~ve p~ssed the Sec. 2(h)). . · . · . . .- ' "]',!',, . /,.,•.P'.w~Ji:.f~-"-P.fiY$1Gal~and · neuro-psych1atnc · examination and .· . . : , . _ . . . . ':!. A~,::· /f.f · drug ·te~t re~uired by t_he P,NP for pre-employment $ecurity-S'ervice C(?ntr,at?torJSSC)' ·'~2:,:ts an~ f<;>r C?nt,nt!ed employment. Expenses for these Is· ~yi.;io.i:i~9us;.V>iith P,rivate Se~,uri~ Age'ncy {P$A) · ·exa!.11!natlons _and test' shall be sho1Jldered by the . "'."h!ch refers ,tb.any person; association, ~c.1.rtnership,.. .· security guards. · fir~·:?r.priy.ate. q~irporati.?n _engaged i~· c6'htra~n.g,. . · · · recruitment, tra~rnn~.furn1sh1ng·or posting-of &ecurtty ·: ··" Any addition_a! test- may ,be·.requi.red.aUhe ~xpense ~u~r?. ah9 · oth~[ . private sec::unty · · i>"er.~.onriel. to · of the request11'1~ party. (ff 0. No: 150-16, Sec. 7. 1). . 1nd1v1duals; c0rporation~. ·offices. and ·'organiiatioris: · · '· · · . wheth~r.privat~ qr pu,bli~, for,-ttte1r,securitY rjeed:;.as. .Entitlef!1~nt'to Minim.um.Wage :. . . . . the !;>NP may·app.rove (D;O. No.. 1.60;f6, Se~. 2{i)). Unless·a lii~her minimum wa'ge is agr.~ed upon by. . . · . .· , , · · ·. · · the (:larties,. V,e secu.rity guards and: other private· .. ·E.rnpl.oye,r:~E.m~loyl:~·~eiationship ... ·.... .',·. ·. · security· ~rsonnel ~hall' be: entitied to·· ·receive a : 1:he SS.C/PSA is the employer of the·security guards ·sa.!ar:y of not less :.than. :the minimum . wage rate: · and other private s·ecurity personnel·on duty,deta'itto . presc.ri~ed.for· nor-agricultural ·sector or. industry in· ' api:-incip~I or .client under a S(:lrvice Agreement (D. o.·. ·the. reg1oti:whe~~.he/.she is ~ssigned, reg.ard less of No. 150-16; _sec, 3,.1). · · the nature ofbusiness of the principal ·(D.O. No: 150· ·16, Sec. 7.3). · ·
. SECU1UTY PERSONNEL.IN THE
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Pro))ati.o.naryEn:ip!oymei1t.. T.he '.·probationary .. pe.riod . of nel(Vly-hir~d· · ~ecurity . gmmls and ..0th.er .Private. security personnel ·in the· 'private secority industry shall not 'exceed· 6. months· (D.0 .. 'No. 15_0-16, Sec. 3.2):. · · ·
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· Tl'.~ns.fer of Assignment . · In case of transfer; the wage rate most favorable to .. ' the sec:urity guards and other private secu~ity . personnel ·shall apply. Thus, transfer of security guards and other privat~ security personnel to areas
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LABOR RELATIONS
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'exte~t th'at the p.ri~cipal liable to its direct · employees; . . 2. If there are wage lncre~ses or adjustments after the·. execution the ServiGe. Agreement, . the prescritjed •increases in the -wage' rates of s.ecu·rity· guards a,nd . other, private secur-i.ty personnel shall b~ borne ·by prlncipa1· and· the· Servi.ce.Agreemen~ shall be de~rried amended . 'accordirigfy. Jr.r tne. even't lhanhe.. principal'fails.·· to. pay. the pr:.es,;:'ribed increases, the S$C/PSA shall be. jolntly .. ahd · · sol.ida_riiy liable wifh the . princ_ipal; · ··' • · ·
outside ·the region. of the domiclle or head office of the SSC/P~A shall nor result to reduction of the: wag~. rate being enjoyed by the security guards and other ..private security personnel prior to· such . transfer .. Transfer to· an· area or region. with ·higherwage rate'shatl.rehder the'hlgt,er rate theapplicable wage rate. for the, transferred -securlty guards· and · other. private. .security personnel . (D. 0, No. 150-16;
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D~dU~tio~s ·or depoalts for loss or damage on equipment supplied..bY employer . . · · Puisuant to Lab9r AdVisory No: 11, Series of 2004. · dedi.Jctjons or · ·requiring- · · cash deposits . from · Tfle immediate recourse pf .sequnty gi.Jar.ds .and employees to answer. .for reimbursement otloss or · other private security personnel jor' payment of damage on tools.jnaterlals. or· equipment supplied -· . wage increase .bef~r.e litiga\ion Is ·wi.th tf.iejr. by.-the employer is· allowed ·.in ·pdvate··security ·employer, the .: .~SC/PSA. .To ,_.enabie· 'the agencies as. a recoqnlzed andreasonable inclu'str:y . · SSC/f:>SA to 'cornpty with the. new- rates; the practice giv_eri·the· nature.ot the .servlce or busl!1;?.~=~""'"-conside,:ation · paid 'by lhe p~\ocJpal,t9r the However, .for deductions of such nature. to J;i.e::va11d, 'il ~~Se!>J,JCity g_ual'ds'. .wages has. to · be ~djl!sted in the folloWi~g:·f.the relevant provi~io~S·Of 3. ~he amount .. of. suc.h ,e2,1;1'c~i~n ts ifair: c:,fa~]m-:-::~ne-:i.~Mr\-~E~,.~ as arn~n?ed, : h_as _heen · .r~asonable an~ shall ryot~xee~~ the a~tuaftlii>J~~mn.I\"' ¥-~s.t~_phst,ed,ip· .~hi ~DOLE _Secretary or·h1s/her ·or·damEJge; a~d ·.,. ~ ·,...:j,AJ . · \ · .' .~'·\" ~:j-::-'"Jl,tl .n11lyfr1.!_1t~n~ite:c1°r-ar{fl~entntivein tt.,·fHtx~rc;1se·of 4. Th.fl qe~udion _frotn. lhe\w.ag~~of t~{r!.Jplcl 'ee. ~ .. ~~ -· h.~-/yjv~pro~'.Hr.riH1.'WPllWH_r.lhH' pi ir11:ipi·d ~IIHU Ille! . v .. -~oes, not e~c~ed 20%-o\\tl;lereroploy,'e,.el,.wa9e~ l,.~ ·.. "°'aie"~1_ngjt.~~~cl~~5A1able ~1th th.El SS~/P~~ to t~e ,n a wee~.. · \~(.,.,~:! \ ~~\~.;.·: ~!l <~~~e ;of 1accr:u'e~ wage and wage-relateq , ._,_~P ~.,. '-'~~~~-fit.s1'~rthe-cilf3t~ermay·owe,to-j~s secl,iiify Note: In. the.ev~nt that an SS9'/f.SA re1il.liresa,,ea~J .."",../ ~a}rd. o_!Yer .privjfe., ·security·· personrel : in the ·. deposit from· its' employeE!s, th~maxim"tiJ:u,~i:bojr_:~H~)..~f.OIIO}Yir;ig lt)Stap·qes·:'. . . . . .: .. shall not exceed· the·.. erriployee\~1 rn<3~~*-~~J;_.·~.d(wli1_~P,, t,~ certlficafe ?f regis~r.ation ,.of· the sal':lry; The ·~id cash d~posit may. be d~efu~teMrprn~~~~ -t,'\~§-~~~A' i~ cancelled, revoked, · o_r .not f!1.e employ~~·s.w?ges m an a!llount w ~ s~ay[not· \""'->\,,r:_.~ewE:dby_t,h~ cornpetex,tauth~rity; or . ·exceed· 2q.%· .of'lhe -employee's, .yages' .(n -. e,~ l' ~,,,:<1\1.~eot!Je co.nfract· be.tween .,t~e ,p_rincipal . . Th~ full amount of cash deposit 9educted sha)l.:151(""'~ ,~nd ··the, S.SC/PSA .is pre-'termin~ted for.. returned to the empf9yee.wHhin· 10 days from his/her . . reason$ ·nof~t(rif?utable:to··the {a.u.li'.o(the ~ separation fr6rri th.~- service ,(D. o. ·No.· 1 ~0-161 .Sec. latter (D. No.' .1,5()-16,Sec. -9:1). · · • . ·8).: ,, .. ·. .· . .· . . . ,.;· : '.. . . .' . :. •, K~~pi:rjg qf ~ecdrds. : · :. . . . · · Liahility arid :rtisp6:!lsi_l:).ilities.of ·~~curity .. se~ice · · The principals; as. lndlre6ternployers,.shall·.keep and contractots/ . · private · security · agencies·. and ... maintain:the.fr.'·own' se~arate recorcls. or :tiles:'.ori the . p!'iricipals-: · c!SS.ignr'rl'erH. of sec1.1rity . gu.~rds -in. their- : premises··. Th·e· $SC/PSA and its principal._or. client shall be . during the. period of the service conlr.ac( which shall .. jo_intly ancJ.·solidarilY 1tab11/with.each.otliefin ar-iy:o.f .. be· _open..- for' 'insp~ction a'ria veriflc::ati'qn· bY.· this . the:foli9wihg .circumstances: (VVlprLin'-V) . · . . .. Depc!rt~ent. · . · . . · : ·_ : . _. . · .·. .. · 1-. Wheo the'SSCWSA faits to p_ay-the.Wag·e_s·of.it~- · . security·· ·guar~s· ,and.·. other: pri-vate: security·. All· empl.oyment .records 'shall b~ \ept ·. a.nd · ··personnel, the· principal .or cue·nt . shall· be: . : maintained in . ahd . about. the. premises ..of. ail .. considered 'th·e "indirect employer" and shall be .. workplaces for: ·at least - 3 year$: unless 'the · ·. jointly ahd severally liable wit_t.1 thci.SSC(PSA t9 establishment has been' irt. existern.e. for less' than 3 . : th.e ·ext~nt of the w9rk p~rfomied by sucll guards-. years,.i'n whfch c~~e·i.t shaU°be required to'mainti:ilin :' .. and ·0th.er priv_afe security personnel· 1.1nder- the . employment recotds. only . durjng such short!3r . Service Agreement; . cti.iration (D.O. No. 1'50-16; Sec: 9.4f:. · . . . . . . . . . . in. the same. manner. . . and: .
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~t . . . . '~ Res~rved Status· · · · . ~ ·secu-~ity guard and. other private security personnel i'. may be placed in a work pool or on reserved status } due to l~ck of service asslqnrnent'afterthe·expiratlon , r or termlnatlon of the· Service Agreement with the ,:,-. principal .'where he/sheIs assigned, 'or due to the. ,;: .temporary suspension of. · security service ;{ ._operations,. or due to valid relief from· the eurrent ~;: p.la~e of work and there is no work ·assignment t.::.: available: , · ·
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JOB CONTRACTJ;NG AND/OR SUBCONTRACTING (D.0. No."· 174 .SERIES OF ~0.17) ·· .. · .. Note: The basl~' of this section on Job Gontracti~g ·1~ · D.O: t-J.o 174 series.of2017 (P.O. No. 174--17), which ·. wasprornulqated on-March.16,-20:17.0.0. No .. 18-A 'was theprior rule on Job Contracting. ··
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No. security . ·guard -and -other private security . NQN-A~:PLICABILI;~~'·oe~artn,~nt Circular No'. personnel can ·.~e pl?,ced. in :a workpool _or on Series· Qf' 2017: (June 9,. · 20.17) ctaritles th~ reserv.ed status in any of the following situations: .inappli?abiUty_-of D_.0. ~o. 174.:17 to-tl)_e'following::·· (Ex'-CR)., · · · 1.-Susiness Process Outsour9Jng_(BPO); · · 1; .. After gp.iration of a service contract.sf there are ·?· K~owl¢~ge ~ro~e~s .Outsourcing_(l:(PO); · · . · : . other principals where ne/shecan he as.signed;'.~ 3...l~gal· Process Outsourcing (LPO);.·" 2 .. f.;,s a meas~re to ~pnstrudively. dismiss the 4: IT. lnfrastructura Outsourcing; .security guc;1td; and . .. . . 5. Application Development; . · 3. As ~n act of ,Betaliation for filing. any eornplalnt ·,.=8\ 6; Har~ware-and/o~ ~oft~re Support; -;; . · against the employer for violation of labor 1a~·V..1( · 7. Medlcat Transcription; . among others .(D.O. No. 15(fa16, Sec. 8._A~m~tio~·Servje:es_; . _ ·: ·· l · . . . . . !_,r,,,,·~~;'1'\i:.~ .9. Baek Office.Operanons/Support; . . N.ote: If ~f~~r. a period of 6 months, the "SSC/Fff:>f<,~:·";·f_:10.po.~str.u~tlon ln~u~~ry;, .. · . l cannot providework or give an assignment_.~-'tli~~~·.r< ·-:~':·.~1:%,a.hli(;.\Secun!yAgencies (except · for the ~;..',:11~·.. jl:J,' : ·. ~J:Gf. 9t*-~f!1ij?o.wng/9rowershipanreement; "' =' ' ·-· . v.._ • · ,: 'II ,.. . . ;:, '-·· · · · . - · · ::.::::--'\ .F.~'. ;!1;1 · ~· ~ ~man~µicturiflg; . . . . ·,_,. }_ Off-detail ~r Flo~tih~.51:atus f.. Co~tr~~t of.. rnaoagement, .ope_ratioh and \i:, .Temporary.· ''.off-detail" or "floatin~status!~\is the ·. rnamtenancei . · .. . · _ f? period of time when sec,Utity guards a\:)i;J~Between. J..,;,,~)'~~R1-.1 Contracting ·.out .' of joJ:? .or work to ·assignments. or when \hey qr.e _madei~,5wait:·_~er:::!~';i,:~~.i,1,'.$~Ji:t.ofessi.onatlindividual_ with uni~ue skills an·d ~ ·being ·_relieve~ _'from a pi'evi_o~s post'V"til,lh_~ydire · · · ·. !al~nts who q.l~s~lf/~erself performs the Job· :·•. _. transferred to· ·a .new one. IU~kes plac\~eri, as· or work for t~e principal;. · . · . ; .· · he_re;_·. the .~ecurity_ age,:icy's clients decioJ'"':"~otto.· h. Other contr.a·cts governed.. by t.he Civil Code .\ .. renew ttil:jlir c;~mtr.acts with t~e agency, reStJl~ing in a · . and other spe<;ia,l 1aws. ·'. . .' · :. . . ~j '· situation ~here the available pc;>sts unde(its existing. Types· of. Contracting under.t~e· i.:.:..w: · .. ~-.; .. co.~tra~t?i:ire less tt:i.an· the nui'111;>er· of-guG1r.d.s_in its' . 1_. ·_.,.Contracting. . i:>'r. si)bcont.racUrig·; ·an. r.9sler. For as long as sw~trtempo,rary inactivity. 9oes . · . · arfangemeht whereby a principal agrees.tq farm · ·« not continue for-~- period. ~xceeding..6 months,'. it·has '. out to a.· c9ntrc'!Ctdr the peifor,:nance ·o~ been _ruled·that pl_a.cing-an:ei:nployee.on temporary . · ..completion of a ·specific job ·.or work. within. a ~- ·. "~ff~etaW'· or ·'.'flea.ting .~a~us". ls not eq1,Jiva_lent to" ~efinite.. or P.r~determil')ed. peri~d. 'ref;jardless of "f;· · .d~sm1ssal_:· · {Leopard .Security .. · and ·. Investigation wl'letn~r such job _or work is to be performed or · .. · Agency V, Quitoy,- G.R. .No.. 1863-44,. i=ebruary 20, · completed within or outside the premises ofthe . 20·1.3). . pnnclpal·(O.(?. No. 17f~17, Sec: 3(-c)): .: ·. 2; · Lat;,or.-Only . <;:ontrac~ing -; ~ri - arrangeme.nt -wher~ tl)e". co11tracfor. 9r· subcontractor: merely" ~e0rl!1ts,c suppJies or _plac_es·w,orkers. to .perform a· JOb .or ·work for a · p,_rincipal, and -the :.elements · hereun·d~r are preseht. (D.b. No. 174-1'7; Sec. 3(h)): . .. : ·. , .. .. . . . · a. Th_e contractor or. subcontractor· does not have: . . · i. Eith_er (1} . s.ubstantic!! capital .. or (2) investments .in ·thE: form of. tools,.
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equip.:nent, machineries, ·.supervision •. work premises, among others;· and . ii. The . contractor's . suocontractor.'s eii,ployee·s recruited', and placed. are perfori:ning· activities 'which ~re directly related to the .main business· operation· of the principal; The contractor. or' su.b~oht_rat;tordoes· not ·exercise th~· ri.ght to· ·control.· over. .the pe'rfol'rriance' of '.the .work of the employee: (P.O. N?·· 174-1.1,.~ec. ?)· .
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The .contractor/subcontractors'~all -Inform; the' . employee.of the foregoing stipulations in writing ·
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. on or oefore the first day of his/het employment . ... :.'(D;O. No.:·174-17, Sec. 11'(a)).. ·
2.. Service Agreement between th~ principal and . the contractor fontain.ing the terms and Letter·{a) above enunefates the ."Dirpct ~elation Jo . conditions g9veming · ·the .performance ' or Prtnclpal's Busirie_ss" Test.which seeks to· address completion ofa specific j<>!:> or work peing 'farmed -the.. issue. of· whether the · employees 'recrulted, . ... · . out-for a definite or predetermined period '{D,O . . supplied. or placed by a contractor/subcontractor to -No. 174-17, Sec. ~(j)l · . . .the princjp~l; are performing. 'actlvities .Whfch ar~ . . . directly related to the main 'bushtess operation of.the . . The service agreement·shall include· the foJlowing:· principal (2 · <;HAN, . The Labor. Code' . of .. f!JJfc.,1,..:.::.-.=,,,,_,;,, _a. The ._specific descriptlon of thi::· job or work Philippines,. Annotetea l..abnr ·RRIRti~m.,J30.1>7f,~p.lf )·" 'A, ~'"""B;iflg-· su.bcontracted, including, ifs· term or. 252) [hereinafterCHANJ.. · : . · . .; ,,_r .(:} . · Y..:;; · i. ',-., r d,1;.itaj101:1;, : - · · · ·: . . . ]h~p~~e.of work and .t.erms and con_d1tio~s The ' existence . of- . one.: el~men~1s ""s~l:1~fif to · ·,_96ve,p:\1Q~the contracting arrangement, to .. establish. \abor~?_rily,contract!ng t~-~greed ·amount .of. th!? ?O~tracted _ PHL., Inc. v. · Ag1to,· G.R. I:,Jo. J/fll§il6.,;Jebry_ary~~ ;[ ·."o//" · ·· ;101:>\,olf~~r~"as .well .:<;IS the standard 2009). ·.· . · "~Y,, · ·Jf' · ,@!':'- .· .U~ · · ·.. ldmil'JisJra~~ve~fee-·of_n?l l~s~ t~an .1~% of · · · IL, · · . IJ M ..t~)'-<,. · · t,ti~ t9li:i1 a.nd . , • ·. Existence of TrllatEfraf-Re1;:1t1'~t,rp. rn'r1·~·c'"'."'"-f.'prb.vi,ionor\the i$suance of the .bond/s, . . _Irr. le~iti~ate :cpnt~acting, ·(~~~;t.p~fbwjn~·-~onti''.a'9s-r:,: 11 ~~, ~ei:iew~11r.evtnY ye~r · (D. 0 . .' :f'>I?· /1 !.4:17, exist:· . _. · · ::~ l.. · .. _ , wiffl.l: , !Sec. 111/b)t,,-,:jij · ·. . · - · .. 1•. Contract . fo! · a speci~. ~b~ ~ori·-~·~~r:vke ~m c: betweei:i · .tlie_ · . PJ!flCi~a)'\ , ~~ffi.~~I r-r lemp2Js.J/ offk-4:;_eg!~imate. 'CQntracting. · or . . . e,;ontractor/sub_contractorllma .\ CIA\(.: ~ Jt-'\$,ub_g~qft_actin'g: (DC:t,fR) · ·. . · - · · 2. Contr.act .· of :·:·empl~ymilit :~et\;'."~. JU' ~·~~~~~Fon~4ctor o~-s1:1bcontracJor·is engaged·ii:i a· co~t!:3C~<;>rlsup~ontractor \~nd.,.· · il'\_ . 'Wotl<e~,..: ,/ · -,, ~istinc),:f /n?Eipend7nt · .. bu.sines~·. and (Allv,ado.. v. Procter· & . G_,(Jm'fJ/f) ':'f-fL.;~,g_c.;{~,jENt\Nh~~J,fa~e-~ to Jf~tforr:nthe J.~b .or work on·1ts· own /Vo. 16()506, M[!rCh 9,,201P)-~: . .';,~~-..:::.:-=-~~~~Rortwt>itt,wacn .of..t~e ·prin_9lpal 'in all TWo. ~i~cis ~f ·~on~'~act~ r~q.Uir.ed•in 'a Tril.at~raJ· . . matters. conne<;ted '{Yith the perfor.l"(lance of.the .. Relationstiip: ·.. . . . ... . .. · . · work ·except'as to the-result thereto; and ... ·. · ·. f. . E'p,ploym~nt . Con~ract_. . · ;be~een . . · itie · 4. Th.e Serv.ice -Agr~em.ent ensu'res :.corppliance ·co~tractor/subcontrl;!ct~c. :a~!:f · ifs ·amplorees. . .. , with· all the· Rights ·and ~nefits for an tl;le· Nolwitli~tandi.ng any .or~I qr writtel'.l stipulations . · employees · of the· contractor or subcontractor . to ·ttie' contrary,. the ··contract.' betwe·e.n the.. under-. the labor:laws (D.:O. 'No. .f74-17; Sec. 8· c9ntract<;>r/su1;>contractor.- and. it~ :e_m~ioy.e~s (20J7)i, '. ,, .·.. . ... -.:. · . : .... :: shall ·be. governed by ,the prov.isio(ls of Articles Npte: In ·the .a.bsence of these.. ~eq.ulslte$; what 294 i:!M. 29$ or tfi~. ~abor Code. 1as amended,· ''.including the'. .prqvisions: on general- .''i'abor exists is a "labor-only''. contri:ict under·which the ·... sta'ndards. '1t ·. shall include· . the . following .. pers.on acting 'as contractoris considere.d l'l.'lerely . ': stipulations:. · . .-'. · . · · .. ·. '. . · · · an age!')t or intermediary who .is responsible to .the workers in the sar:n·e- m·anner ~;indto the same . . a: The specific.descriptjon·of the Job or work to. · · ... be P.erfor.m~d·by·the eml?i?y.ee_;--and · .. . e:<1erit as' if they had bee:n· d_ir~ctly e~plo~ed by .
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2019 SAN.. BEDA LAW CENTR.ALIZEQ BAR OPERATIONS
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The Regional Directer shall,' 'upon- a .verlfied if~~- · · ·. · · · . . . complaint, cancel or revoke. the registration. of a· ~(Substantial· · Capital refers. to paid-up ·capital contractor aft.er· due process; based on any of the '}\;tocks/shares;of-.at least 'P5,0.00,QOO in the case of . following g_ro"i.m.ds:·(MiS~~l,.a2-~2-PV,_1·012) . · . . 'il'.'c_~rpora'tion~.partnerships and cooperatives: ln the ·1. Misrep~e·sentation of facts lnfhe applicatlon; · · .'case of single'J:1roprietorship; a net worth ofat least 2. Nori0subinissiori' of ~ervice Agreement-between P.Q,000,.QOO (D.:0,-No: 174-·17,:Sec. 3, (/)).. .: the pr.in.cipal-and thecontractor when requiredto .,··· . . .. . ... . . . .do so; . . . . ,V Note: "Su.bstantlal capnar.and "investment in tools, 3. Non-submisslon .Qf ttie 'required §.emi-annual Yequipment,. implements 'macbtnerles and' work report as ,provided in Sec, 22. (Semi-annual .'::°pr.einises" · should ·. be treated as 2 distinct· and r~p·ortiog)"ther.eof;· · : ·· . .'. . . · · . : -~· separate requirements. iri determlnlnq-whether there 4. _l'llon'0cotnpliance . with.. !:,gbor 'standards and ~.Js.'·a perrnlsstble. cont1qc;tin~ pr' .subcontractinq : working conditions; . . ,_,:. ·. . .:, .. arranqement (Neri v, NLRC,. G.R.. Nqs.. 9.7008~09, 5. · Non-compliance WiJh SSS1 ·the HDMF; Pag. ··.Ju_ly_23; 1993): . . . . .. . ., /8/G,'PhllHealth, and ECC Laws;: · · . . . ·· . . -, 6. Submission.of falsifi$d. 6t tamper~ apP.iication- · : :nie ·Suprern.e Co\.11:t· )r'I thi3 case of Neri ·v. NLRC · or- ::>upportir:,g documents ·to the· application. for , I ruled that "[t)he law does not require both substantial , . regfstration; . : , .. capital. and investment in the form 'of ' tools; ~-:~':!) 7. ·.Collecting any 'fees not authorizedbylaw and .. equipment, machineries, etc. This is . .clear from tne(',.,J1 ·. other applicable ri.iles. and 'requlafions;' · . .use cf (t:ie ·aonJ_i,J.c,tion,'or (N~rl NLR_C, 8~ Final findings that'-th_e.contract9r h~~ en_g·a~i~in -.:-' 97008-CJ[!, Ju/y-2311993).x . . . " . "r-x:·.-, ....:( :·1abor~only ·contracting and/or ·the ~roh1b1ted ·
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and . _·Re-~i$!ry/)i'~;~;:f fj,~;Q.;~~~W.:¢t~~~:=~t:~r!~~!°.;e~t~f::~e~~tf . .· , A,..,... ·. :t··· i:-i 9. Violat1on.S\.of any prov1s1ons· of the Lab9r Co<;le; ~'· CQl)sisJ.etit. witti. fna··a~thority.. qf_ th~jec~~t~ry~.a.II ~r-s?n.s on!.ractors:,;i!P. ':'."It~ th~ .•. f;j .. .. .. Reg1<;>n9f O~ce ·Of. the DOL~,,Wh~r.e ijj.,p:nnc1i',.~1x ~f.._. Ce'rtificate ... of.·. ~e.g_i$trat_iqn of f'"i-:....,..cohtractor of its, legitimate status to ·engage. in . ;::-· :co~J~ac.t.cits : . :" . :, . , .... ·.:· 01_ ·.. .. _,,,(::•;:: \e · ef(ecti~~-for . · · · · · ·· ·;,; . .Z._ye,ar~.: uriies·s..9imcellerd. after"c~u·e proces~. The Nb ~ontractor whose registr·ation·is cancelled Under . · % . ·s!3me.. shall' .be. valid · in : the region wheie it i~· · these Rules·:or ahy of its officers ·sh'c:ill-be allowed·.t~> >{. r-egis!ered:: . . . ·.. . . . , : . qper.ate ·.ind apply fon:iew registration as-contfactor ;, . . under.· either' the same cir 'different name. . . . ln,cas~. the contr:actor:.h'as s'(;)rvice)\greein~ots.'qt. . .... ··.\ . . ' .... operate~.. _oufaide ·.the· juri~diction. oUt:i'2 R~gion·a1. · · · · cancellation pf {he registration'of thEfooritractor Offfoe_ where it.is re·gistered, it 'shall' re_q·u0$t-.a" auly .. · .. for. eitgag ing ·in ·1abor~6'nly conttactjng o'r for.violation ~au.th.enticate~r 90PY. of its Cer1if!cate· of ~egistr?tion · · - :· of any of the: · pro~isions · of th!3 · Rules- .invoJv\iJg a ·~·: .ffol"fl ttie registering Regior,al"Q,ffice !311<:f submit th:e :p.ar'ticular Sen(k;e 'AgreelT)ent 'Wfff','riot, ··howev~l°r,. ~-same to t11e ppLE' Regiona°l'Offic,e.wtiete.'jt ~ee_k~to impair · the .'validity of.' .. existing< legitimate· job. . ope~ate;3;. tqgether with · ·copy,' .Pf its Sf:)rv_ice-· , ·con_trcictinga'rrarQemenis the coi:,tractor, may have . ·Agre!3njent/s-in .thcfarea, for. pt.1rp'os¢s of:mpnitoring ehtere~ into'_. wi}h · other pril)C[pals pr-.ior: to· the .compllance 'with the .rules (D:b.'- No.· 174-17, · ·Sec. can"ellat.io'ri. of ·'its registtat!bn. Any ..vafjd. and·· · ·.2PJ.:. · · · .·. . .. . , · . ·. · . ·... · . . · · · subsisting Service.. Agre.ement · shali: be' respe~ted . . . until .its expiration; _thereafter, · contracting WI.th ·a NQte.: The absence of reg'is~r~flon:o~_lygives. rise'.t~· . ·delisted.-·contractor. -~hall make the princip_al· dire.ct the presµrnption •that the contractor is engaged in .· employer of. ~I.I emj)loy.ees· under"· the Service . labor-only contfifoting wh.ich·can be refuted.(Aklan. v. . Agreements pursuant'ta Articles. ·106'and .109 of the San· Miguel Corp., G.R. ·No: 168537, ,December 11, Labor c,ode (D.O. No'. 174-17, Sec. 26 (20.17)). 20()8). . . ..._:. . .
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lA'BO . R. RELATIONS SA~ BEDA LAWCE,NTRALIZED BAR OP.£RATIONS..- M~MORY AID·2019
Other Illicit Forms of · Employment .A.rtangements:.(CO~S-RC)·. 1. Principal farms .out work to a ,•~ab9";. .
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Such other practices. schemes .. or employment . arranger;n.ents·designed to ~ir'cumv.entthe rigt:,t to securify ottenura _(D.O. No. 174-1.7, ·sec. 6).
Note': "C~bo'; .ref~rs. to·~ person .or .group of . :Job Contra.c.ting v, Labor-Only Contr~ctiilg persons qr to a. labor group which, under the· . · ·. guise of a labor.orqanization, cooperative or any entity, supplies workers to· an -ernployer; with- or without any monetary or. ottier consideration, ·,whether- iri . the capacity of: ail ·age,nt of the · employer of.'. as: an ostensible independent The .., employer .or The· employer/. principal contractor.(D.O. No: 1'74_-1.7, Sec; 3(b)). prtncipal is -considered is 'treated . as direct. .. . only. . )ui indirect employer .o'f · ;. the · 2. · Contracting.Qut'pfjob or. work: . ·.: employer , : : (PCI contracfor's employees . .. a. · throuqh an.in-house agency~· . -Autometlon Center, inc. iri . "air · instances b, .throiJgh ., an - in-house cooperative .which . . . v,.' N/.:.RC,. <;.R. No. (contractor is .merely an · · merely supplies workers tothe principal; · · · 11.5920, . January · 29, a'gent of the employer) .c .. :t;iy,reason of.a·.,strike' orfockoutwhether · 1996). ·: ·. ·;. ·, (Manifa..Wate(Company .: actualor imminent; . : ·. · · · . ..::,..~..-"" ....:., . . ·. · v... · Pena, G.8. . No. · d. ·. being .perforrned. by -unton rriem9e.w-a11d ·11., ~..,,.~. · . .. - '. 1$82551.JlflY 8,·:2004)'. ., · · .such will interfere with..-,re~tra,i~.o'g.er.ceU· ·. '~,··!. '!?. ~: · . : .. employees in the exercise 'gfr't~·efr~Jig.tits'.';t.QJ.r.,=;-=-.""';· . .. self-orqanlzatlon as provJ.9~·Jn ~£.5§' of . .. • • , the Labor Cpde, as ame,r}dea~,rp19,-N9~1i1"4~·~""'""' ..... ~ ,,, . . .. . . , .. · · 1.7, Sec .. 6). . ' lD1- 'if . :_t.hei~~'~l;_e?J~s-~~'\.Er-.The .stab.,it~ cre~~es an 1f' ~ . '~.e.. re(~~·on~~r·:or\ a !=r-.E_e relatt~ns.h}P.' fo~ a ln~ous~. A_gency refers tdf ?,.., con;factor~which. i~. ~(.:~. hm1~ed wurpo ),l {:,f:t\\0 .~omprehen~tv.e. p1:1rp0se, · .~' owned, managed, Or controJ~dJ:IIT~,ctly or ij,1:firec!!i.4mr ·e_flStlf~-~ . .. th.9.t. . .)~~ (1:~·. to . prevent . a· : · by .the: P!incipc1I .: or . oner ~hEirr,.·. the. \Prirlcriijit2J~11.::;.~ID._Pl~y,es ·. ar,~'!""'·p'iu~ClrCUl)'lVentton . of · l~bor · owns/i"epres~nts any ~hari -o~jock antf whp.~~·t}1e1r ~ges). f~M,CJ.q ·~ws) (~MC v... MAEf!.C .. opera~es,solely or mainly .fottnd,11rinci~'~Pi.o. N'!_~;i;. ~Mfl.Efl11.'11~.lnfe_wa~e.~. l.nt~,a~sd_services,·Inc., . . 174-17,·Sea. 3(1)). . . '&., fl)\\ """~,t;f., ,sr;,y~ supra! _ .., .. ·
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t~~ ~~ula~n,~~ ~~1fd~~~~n·i:~~:e: ·.b .. T.o s!gn, as a precondltron t~ytu~t or .,.. f fqrifrf18~(~~e ev~n~ .contr~ct.or. not .o.nly for . C?,~lim,.1~d:, erpploymen_t·,.. an ant~d~~·· :.'b.:~!.tfj:j(~ils .to p,aythe .unpaid ""'.ag.es_b1.1t~lso for· .. resrgnatron letter; .a blan.ls payroll; a· wa,ve · - :9'1'.fiployee~ -~ages .and al~ ..~he .rrghtfU.I clarms.·.qf ·of · labor :. stariaards . ·including . ·minimum · ·for · V'ioJa.~or:r: of .l~bor tt,e e.mplo.y~es urid~r. th~ . . .wagEis'.arid social ·Or 'we'ttare: ben~fits; ·or a . ~tar~ar~ :·. la~s~· . Toe. Labor·cp.d_e and al')cillary . . quitclair:n, · releasing. the' .. ·princ!par·· pr : lrabrhty, however,. d.oe:3 la~ . .($M~ . v.:, M~f=.R(; .-· .contractor, from . liability· :air. to payment. of .' . · .not ... exte.n~. ·_ .to·. ,J.he)ntBf]rafed Serv1c~s1 lncT f1,.1ture claims; opequire: the em'ployee t(? payment of b~71<.Wc:'!ges supra). , · . · , . . ,, :· become a member of a· ~ooperativ~. · · . a.nd/or separa.~J<;>n_payof · 4. · .Req!,liring: ... empJoyees . . . ·under. . , c;1 ~mploye?s w_h~· :- . are ' · . con~raqtitj.g1subc9ntracting ~rrangemen~ to sign rl!e.gally : . d1_sm1S~_ed a, contract fixing· ,he period' of erhploymE!.nt to a... (Ros,~oot/·Proces;;mg .. term · Shorter' than'· the: term: of the Service . v, ·.. NLR.C, . G.R•. No... , . Agreement, unless the .
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· 158 I 2019 SAN BE;DA !-,AW CENTRALIZED.BAR OPERATIONS
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LABOR .RELATI.ONS SAN BEDA_LAW CENTflAUZED ~R OPERAT{ONS, -· MEMORY AID 2t;,19
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solid~ry Liabili.ty of the Princip~( · _ In ·permissi!>l.e ·contracting arrangement; the term •solidary liability" shall refer . to the liability of the '. p·rindpal, purs1,1~mt.to the pre>visions_of two articles of .;the labor,Code,riamely: ... . · . '1. Art .106, ·re'garding the li'ability.of the principal, in :-'.. th1isame n:i'anner and extent th~Mie/she is liable to his/her direqt employees,. to the.ext1;mt of the work pe,rforined unde'r the' contract when th·a con.trader. fails . to .pay the wages' of his/her. employees; and· _ - · . . · i. 2. Article 1.09,.as directem'ployei''togethetwith.the· pon~actor..for any .. vicjfatiori .o.f ~ny: proyision.'.of ' the labofCope (CHAN supra at 258). -. ' · ·. . . . . . . .
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Effect of Termination ..of Employment The dismissal ofthe contractor's·employee prior .to. the expiration of. the Service. Agreement shall· be · governed by Arts. 297, 298, .and ·299 ofthe Labor
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In. fact, .even. i.n·. the ·absenc~ of ~,:~Ee.: reJatio~sr:ip'.::·:}:it\) In ca.se the term.1riation of employmentis caused.. by between. the lndirect..em.ployer_~nd.the md~pen~~~~.;··-~i';]f;.-;ttJ~P.E,e-teT:'JR~tio~of the Service Agreement. not . cof!l:actor'_;, worker~'. both th?.Jn~re~t.~':'Pl?Y-~al\cti,:Jf'•r~--~uec::t9,':!'IB'.;§1Nthonzedcauses under Art. ·298, . t~e i~e · i~dE;!pendent ._contt!3cto.r .a.re soh~a~1y,~µiole forr- .. ! ~ ni:iht of tfie ,l;ti;r:)Ploy.~!::sof the contractor .to · unpaid violation of'labor.standard. l~ws (De_(e:.ti!J· NL.RR(/;:::'.l · wages_ a~_9lt!\?ther unpaid benefits .. including G.R. '": L-787~3, Fe,br!)ary.27'. 1991{:-. :i.rJ"';,...;,;,i ,/.';. :un~em1tte9/l~1:Jci!, mandatorycontrlbutlcns.i.ehall be ·. . · :. : _ . .: ,. · _ · · . . ', _;'-~.5 borne byl)th.e;p'a~y:;it: fault, without .P~~judiS~ to the· · The principal shall .~e deemeg...t~~emplctyek:~f th~.,·_ !··~ solidalY/tliab)li_ty.\9f' the parties · to the ·-Service ·. contr~ct~al em~loyee and. -~tn~~Lr,~e (j!!,.~~!IY h~bl.e?: f':'.'{ ·Agr~~-.rne.nt: .~ . SUCh as . In . follOWlng CaSeS · . ., :;J · ..-i>'J..H,~l_;J' ·;:'~'h·,r · . . as .lifee_ 'Q lar-e-0~:)[.C_Orp9~rJ-l, ~ ,), , ·h'"''J "' ··- __',,,~. .. ,,, . ,. . . _. ·. . .· auth~rity;:':: '. .. _ ·: - . . _ t~;1. : f_;;;_ · Th~ merel~fiiratfoli of the. Se~vice.Agreem.ent shall 1. l:.abor~onJy 9ontracting; and "\;~~"':'=\:,·:l.. ,/1 . t,; not ·be .~eemed. as:a term1nat1on of employment.of. .2:· ·.con~~~tin:g· arrangement f~llip'{1, .. w.i~~~n_::the . ~~;-:"::t,~~-co~tracto,r.'s/subconti;actbr'l:! employ.e~~w.ho are proh1b1ticms ·raroadw,ay Motor.s, fn.'%:.fJtIY~Lf;·S..,.-4;;;):;.r~~~f!l,J:?IJ'.),Ploxees<;>f the .latter (D,O. No. 174-1•7; G.R.· No. 78382;.Decem/;Jer.-14; 1ff.87). · . / ..-.,,---~..-·<~Seo,·-1'3)\±JJ . . . ·
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Effects of Violatio~ ~f Secs .. 10 Qr'1·1'of D.O. N~. 174~1'7 A . .finding of violat.ion of either ·sections 10 or ft . hereof, shall rerider'the'.prin'cipal 'the direct employer . of -the employees of the ·contrc1ctor or subcontractor, · . pursu~int to. Art. :109 of the Labor ·code (D.0. ·No. . 174~17, Sec. 12).. ' · · ·
. : contractor in the" event of' any' . violation of any provision of thE? .Lab~r Code; incl!,ic;ling failure to pay . :wages. This will not . prevent. the principal from · · , f h. ··· · (. · s · clail'f!_ing reimbursement rom t. e contractor 'Al Av>-,,,-_,·:) NLRC, G.R. No.. 1.1'1722, M{!y27,: 1997)~ . /1./'·~'~)(.
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Note:. Where the .e.n,ployer fail~ to require the .contractor to post a bond, the employer must answer·_ for whatev~r liabilities· the contractor may ·h~ve Incurred to ·his employees. This is with.ot,it prejuqice. to its seeking reimbursement from the contrac,ior for whate'ver amount it. wiil have to . pay the" said employees (BfJguio v. NLRC, G.R.. No. 79004-08, . Octof?er4, 1991). .. · ·.
. N.bfe: The principal shall besolidarily liable With the
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. labor~c:irJIY ·· cori~ractor, unless __ such ·. contractor ove'rconies the burden. of- proving that. it. has tlie . .subs.taritial qipitaf•. 1nve$trnent; tools and -the 'like, ' . Howe.lier,\,vh~re the prindpat is the one '<>laimingthat . · the .. cc')nfriictor:. is. legitimate. contractor, said'. . principal . h'as the burden. o(provfng_ that supposed :;/:.:~. str-1tu.s (Ali/if1 v. pstr.qn·corp:~ G.R. Nq. 177592, June: ''t 9,·2.014/ . •' . ... , I .
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.An einployii'r or indi,r~ct employer.m.ay require· the· . contractor or'subcc:mtractor·to. ft.frnish a bond:equal ,' to 'the cost labor' under contract,·'on. pondition' that 1r1e . bo.nd .wili 13nswer: 'for the . wages: dµe. the .e.mployee~ sl')qµlc:t the' contractor or· subcontractor,· as the case (flay be, f13il to pay the. sarhe .. · . . . \ '. ' The. bond shall .be ~quai to. the cos1 l~oor under cprtract'.(1 POQUIZ, supra at 246).,. : · · · .
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TQtality ~f l11fractions .Docfrine _ 'The totality of infractions' ·or number of violations . committed duril"!'g th.e period of en:iployrri'ent stiall·be . _ .consiqered in deter-miriing, thE{ penalty' to be· imposed on the. erring . employee. The offenses committed should ,riot be.taken singl'y·and ~epa,rately'but.jfftheir totality ·(Alvarez. v. Go)den Tri _Bloc, Inc., GR. No. _202158, September25, 2013.}, · ' Entitlement to Sepata:tion Pay . Gene'ral Rule: An employee whose eniploym.ent is ,'tei-mtnated by reason of jul?t ca.uses is hofentitled to sepa.ration pay except as· expressly provided for in the ·company·policy or CBA (0,0. No. 147-15, Sec.·.
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2019 SAN BEDA LAW ~~NTRALIZED BAB OPERATIONS
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LABOR RE.LATION·s. SAN Bf.DA LAW CENTRALIZEDBAR OPER/\TIONS- MEMORYAID·2019 e,,eituz,maI SMi?IM Fi± i!R!EHP~
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Reasorl': Lawbreakers should not benefit from their illegai acts (Toyota Motors PHL Corp. Workers Association v.·NLRC, G:R. Nos. 158786·& 158789, October,19, .2007). . . .
Requisites: a. There-must be misconduct; b, The misconduct must be.ofsuch.qrave and · ·aggravated character; · c. It must relate. to. the performance of: the . · employee's duties; and · ·. · · d. · There must be 1>.h.bwing that -the employee becomes. unfit, to. continue working for the . employer (p.a. No. 147,-15, Sec. 5.2,(aj}.
Ex~ept: Whe~· ~tie court find~justif1cation in applying
. the ·principle Qf soclal justice welf-entrencl)ed in the , 1987 ·· Constltutlon (Toyota Motors PHL Corp. · Workers Association v. NLRC, G.R. Nos. 15:8786 & . 15$]89;. p~tob_~.r.-~9'.2007). · ·
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Examples: . . . . a. ?~xlfal. harassment (D.0 .. No. 147-1.5, Sec. 6), .. . _ . . . . . .. . . . . . . . · -to: . · · b. · Figh1ingwl~hin:co_mpany.premise~·(Techriol, ·· t.. ·senefifs under the Lalj)or C.ode or-other existing Eight f?hilippine,s Corp. v. NLRC; G.R. No, - '. l~ws ,( e:g. incentive leaves}; . 187~0!), Aprk.13, 201O);. ·.. ··. . .' 2: . Benefits granted by C.E3A provisions; -; c. -.l.}ttering .. obscene, '. insulting or .. oftenslve 3.· Benefits· granted by voluntary management words ·against a superior (Autobus Workers': policy or practice (Toyota Motors PHL Corp.· . Union, et, v. NLRC, G.R.. No. 1:17453,. · · WOfkers· Asso_ciatiorj·. v.. NLRC, ·G.f!.__1)/c:JS:""~;: . -~::~~~une'26,.f.998);·.. .. ·: .' -, ·· . : ·1!)8:'(~6-&.1'(58789, October:.19'..2Q(!lfa'~j~. -\l j\.Jd:t f:~1.§Jficat)on · <;>f_ ~rne r~~.rcjs . (Felix: -v .. ~..-I-··- tJ. f Enertech Systems Industries,lnc., G.R. No. · Two-fold Du~ Proc~$s Requ1rem,nt "',:.} ~-:::.'"'~-·.--~....,,~. 142007 Ma.rch-28,.200·1); ·. · · · ·1. $_1,Jb~lanti.ve a,spe~ Whichjofr.';sY_;,ij;J~t~.3.=~--......_,~~~~I.)>,~ter.course"' -Jnside ' company · ·· d1sm.1s~Lmttstbe for a~y .9,fttb.e. '~re~ls~~·~~·cfuring.,..york .ho,urs (lmasen a:. ·Jusl',c~uses; and :.if JP) 'Jul\.;. j~ . f>hilifJf/lJ.e M.~.nuf.?i?(IJ!ing ..C.or,pon3!tion v.· b. ·Authorized caus~s. !?itcon,\(;{Rft;li 194884, October-22, 2014); · 2. Procedural asp!,!ct wbJ9~f,~ans. ib~tb.ELZ...l!f)r'"'~-t:--..-lfheft \~ q_f: ,.{;oljlp~~Y.-owried· pr~p~rty employee mus~.be acc6~t!.1ue pro~ess"~-~e~ B@. ·r-:",..Jill,"Y' . (Nag/.f;e~"';,./··, ~ ·· . ~·. .· · ·. . . · e~ploy~r or :represt::ntat1v~ m· c5~~1:i~'Jw[m .. ", Jr \·~1..\\.~~rbidden: l'3Ct, .,a· d.ei;eJiction of the father of.her·child have 'no ·impediment .to duty, willful· 'in ·character, and implies. wrongful · intenrand. not mer.e errbr: in,ju~gni'ent' (0.0. No. marry :each otlier (Leus. · V; ·st. : $cho/astica' College Westgrove, G.R.. No;..187226, January 147-{5;Sec. 4(o)), .· · 28, 2015) ..' · . . Nc;ite: An employee dismissed 'for a valid cause, · although not entitled to separation pay, is s.till entitled
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wmful Disobedience or lnaubordlnatlorr Insubordination refers to the refusal to obey some order, which a superior is entitled to give and· have obeyed. It is a. willful or intentloriai disregard of the l~wful . and· reasonable instructions of the employer· (D.O. No'. 147--15, Sec. 4(/)). . .
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Habitual neglect '; repeated failure to .perform one's dutiesovera period cit time, dependlnq upon the circumstances ('0.0. No. 147-15, Sec._ 4(k)) .
Requisites: . .. a. There-must be neglect of duty; and . : . b. The· pegligehce must 'be both gross 'and . habitual In character (D.-0. No, 147.a1'5; Sec. .: 5,2(c)).·
Requisites:
. : be. must disobedience insubordination; · · . · b. . The disobedience or fnsubordination. must . Note: The sufficiency·of.fhe evidence·as well as the . · be· willful· o~ · intentional characterized ·by .a · . resultant -dam;,1ge to_.. the employer st-ioul.d:· be •. wrongful and perverse attitude; . . . . . ' · · considered'i'n the dismissal of ttie employEfe·(School . of ijQ/y Spirit of Quezon City·v.·_Tagiiiam, 'G.R. No. e, The order· -violated . must be reasonable, :t·t,_5565. Ju/y.14, 200.8). · · .. · lawful, and -made known ta the .ernployee: and · · . · d. The.ordermust pertain· to the dutiEf~which. .Ar;t unsatisfactory, .rating .can be a .just- cause for ·tie has .been -enqaqsd to discharge (D.0. · . dlsmlssal only- if it .amoonts to gross ·and 'habitual .. . Np, 147-15, Sec.' 5:2(b)). · · .. .. .-/) · ne_glect of · duties. Poor. . or : unsatisfactory . . .. · · . · · ;;;;,{7 performanceof ar;i employee does not necessarily Nc;>te:. There is. no law that compels an employee,,r/·. .-1 .. · mean that he is guilty of _gross arid habitual neglect : to acceptaprcrnotton. as a promotion is-·i~J~?' ,of duties (INC .. --Shipma,:,agement, ·.tn,c.. v, nature of a ·gift or·a reward, which? pe'tson'l'\cJ'~-,\ ,_.,.:L-C,.<1.(!!P·ored<>,_f:Jdo, .. GR. No: 1!)9931, -September 7, a right t? refuse .. When _Petitioner re~~#.-w.: Y~·.:~-~..:Z.Q16):~._.l11•} . . · . .. . ' accept his-promotion to Director of _\pt~cr,iat1onal"-/.tl · Sales, he WqS exercising a.·right'f~d~he can.not!i.-:·\ . Actual damp!;Jt... loss or. injury- is not an essential b~,.p~nished-for it as quijare suo !f!lt.,_4.~~m!reflY'}\ · requisite · ,(b'l.jp'arjm(Jnt of Labor M~nual, Sec. _ laed,t..He.who uses his own legijJ;'!f9h!:tnJt1Jfesno . ~;:J - 4~43.01(?]).i. -\ . . . .. . · · one .,,Ddsch v. NLRG· G.R.r"!> ~1lfj~-L:.-51'.182?'.Jflly 5.,..,,. , H~-; '\ . · · ·~ . . . · .. 1 . . ~ . ff. · \~·i · · · 1983). . . f-4.,,. · .r-:;:-,..~ . · ." .~:?..~:~.~e~~ct of ~utr= .. . . .· .. · · · . . C-,v ·=~:'2,~;'! :~.: ..: ... ·r.,....·-~ ,a·{~~Ha!:51tuafT:latcl'mess and .absenfe~1~nJ: . : ~ • J j . ,(,' ~-~1,. ~'t'_tl'.,. •• ,,,.,, ' . . Exam~les: · : .. 'I'.>-· ·oli-~(\. C:~'i . : j,·'r ·::. : b. :'.Aa~yQnm.entofwor~.(Labor_v. NLRC, G.R. ·.a... _-Fa1~-~e to . a~_swer . m·e~-;,to<').~xplcyn '. _No,'. 110388, Sept~mber 11,, ,1995). constitutes willful obeq1ence~ ; . · )-.l.' . . ; i-;,.,.--~,.3 • · · ·· ·· · · .. · · _: · .. . . · . ·: ~·:-:.i;dJ.·. · . /.,;,;/, ~,1:.~equisit~s: . · . · . Note: Another:notice is ,requi(ea·.in .cas€p~:~...!..!:..."'·aµu~ ...;authorized. and inexcusable absences · termination . on· the · ground· \of ,.faifci'fef to · . :(Japos v.. Ffist·. Agrarien Reform Muta~ . answer .. mt:;mo. 'to explain (Aci1~1;d,lhotion · , · Purr:i'(?se .··Cooperative;· G.R ... 11/o:_: 20.8000, and -Marketing .corp. v.. Urqabi;:J;. G,R: No.. .. ·. July-26; :2017); and . . . . 171-703., -September22-, 2Q06). ·. -· · b: .-, Cl~~r:' intenti~n. to sayer Er-Ee- relatio,:iship .· ... ;,· .. . · · · . . .. ·. .:..., : ·. bE_ijng manifest~ J>y .. so.me o:ve~. _:acts b. Refusal. tq undergo r.andom drug· testing . (Tam1:Jlot·Secunty & . ·General. Services v.. · .'constitutes both -serious misconduct· ancf_: _ ltem,:G:R. No'. ·1'9~311, De<;:e'mber 7, 2015).
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3 .. Gross and Habitual. Neglect of Duties·· · · In ,order ~to ·constitute ·,a Just' ;caus·e, for the_ · employee's dismissaCthe neglec:t of.duties rtnl~t not only .be. gross but also habitual. and. \.VOrk: .rel.ated.. - . . . . . · a. Gros~ · neglect the . absen~e of. that . diligence that an .. o~dinar.ily pruden\ . man would· use in .his/her own a·ffairs (D,O. No. 147-15, se·c.-4(1)).
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To co'nslitute aband6nmerit, it is essential thai.an . employee fail~q to r.eport.for work wit_hout any vali<,1 .and .justifiable' reason.: ,<1hd. thaJ :lie had.· 1;l clear' inte'ntion· to· ·sever· the· e·mploytrient relationship by some· overt ab°t: Mere:failure lo rei;;ort for work after. notiqe·· to return - does not ·constitute al;>an.do·nment · .. (Lftex Glass an.dAluinin1:1m Supply v. ·Santhez; .G.R .. . No .. 19[!465,' April 22; 20·15). . . ·. . · Due Process in Abandonment: a. First Notice to ·apprise the employee of particular acts ·or omis'sio'ns -for-·which dismissal is sought; · . : b. Sec.ond notice ·_to inform .him 9f employer's c!ecision to dismiss him on.
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g_round . of abandonment (Kingsize .. Manufacturing Corp. v.. NLRC, G.R. No.s. . 1_10452-54, November.24,.1994).
Wiiifui Breach of. Trust Breach· of· trust or confider.ice must be willful. A breach is .willfl!I "if it is done ,intentlonally, knowingly and purposely; without justifiable :· excuse. The _bre'ach must be work related and committed against the employer or his ·representatiye (Bluer thanBlu~ · Joint Ventures Co: v. Esteban., G.R. No. 192582, Apr-irt, 2014).
Notices in abandonment· cas'.es mu·st be sent to empioyee's la~t ·known .ac!dress. (Agabon v. NU~c; G.R. No. 15.8693,·Nov..ember 1-7,.2004). · ··. . , . .
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Requ_irement ofa'Hearing: · The requirement of 'a hearing .ls complied wlttras Requisite_s.for Fraud. or Willful Breach of Trust: long as. there was an opportunity to· be heard, and . a... There must . be. an act; -ornlssion, . or. : not . necessarily. that . an actual' ·: hearing·,. was . concealment; . . . . . conducted (Dlst(ibution· & C.o'ntrbJ.:Products, Inc. v., b: . The.. ad, omission o'r concealment involves· Sento«, GR>No: 2126·16,July 10, 2017).. . .a breach. of legal duty, trustor confidence · · ·- · · · · · justly reposed: , . . · .. A charge of abandonment is tbtally incoiis1ste~twith · _c.. · It. must, be. committed against the employer -'the. immediate : filing of· a. cornplaint . for :illegal his/her: representative: · · . disrnlsaal. The filing thereof is proof enouqh ofone's · d. ,1frnust bein connection with tile employee's· desire to: return; 'to work, thus negating · any,-"'»=-=~---, . wo1k(O.O. No. f-41-15, Sec: 5.2(a)). ·. suggE;stion of ~-aband9nment (.Tam~lo.t Se_;;u(Jff& 1f'J"r 1' .·:;:~,,__~ . · .: · · ·· Gener-a.I Services v: -ttem.: ·G_.R •. · N,o~·19/1J14, i · . . .. 4~a~,·le~,!t:,~ December. 7, 2015).~ ......~~~_j-b}~d~~~pervisor irii,ti_ating and leading a appllcation wh_ere the complaina':tJ4?~ n9f~~_for =-=· _, ~~~'6'!.c.~~~~J;PP.Form Mfg: Co., 'tne. v. NLRC, · reinstateme~t. and asks .for seP.~~ban;~?o/'.!.'1:;;Jeatt-··51!--~:--,~ G~N;;,"f:lo.,.f5706};' · , . . .. . (Jo. v. NLRC, G_.R. No. 121_9ols . .(~r~~.pY 2,,(2000)1ffi }' .. ,o/· b. "t-rab~uf.~p\~nc_e of,: managerial employee .: . ., Vf (. _, .IL . mi. ·· iG'.J'.');;{_npte:iW· ~LRC, G._R. No. ·1.00749,_· Mere absence or, f~ilure to re · ort foq\fork,~Ye.n after · ~. 1Pr(f-21;(!~9g~ . · · . notice to return, does notf.h~~s'arily a~ounf"'IB~ -c::-il!ailure\~l. cashier-· to account for the abandonment, ~~andonmef~rf'a\n-¥att~r of~i_ntery1i9.n--::. i~ortag~j. °fff~o)npanyfunds (San . Miguel -, an_d cannot hgti_tly be . Pf.esymld fromI cert · 4(n)).. · · . · ,intentional ~esign :to evade the :normal fulfillment ..... ,) . of obligatibn ·(L«~on- Brokeraf}f! Co., fi,c;.; V; ' •, Requisites: . · · Marifime Building Co,. Inc.-, f3Jf ·No'. :L-25885; . _ ... January 3.1, 1972)... . . a: There must . be·, ~n .~ct;··, qmission·. or_ . .. concealment· . . . . Fraud· re.fers.-to any acf.. omission, ·or. con~ealme.nt . b: . The -act, om_ission ~r. concealmen'i-. justifies . : .which iayolv!:3s a breach ·of. ·legal. duty, trust or:__ · . the. los-s of · trust antj <:orifidence _of the . · . em'ployer to.the employee; · . . . · 'cor,~periqejust)y ~eposeq, anc;fis injuno1,1s.to_another · c. The employee.concerned must~e holding ·a (D.({ No. 147-15, Se?·:.4 (i)). · . position of trust and confidei:lc;e; . .
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· (Coca-C.ola Bottlers PHL Inc., . v. NLR_C, G.R. No: . 84075, April 25, 1"9139).· .
"The loss of·tr~st and confidenceshould not be simulated;' · . · .,.. · e.. It should not be used as a subterfuge for causes which are improper,' illegal, or unjustified; and . . f. It must be ·genuine· .and ·.·not-. a ·mer-e afterthought to justify an ~arli~r action taken . in bad faith· (D.0: No. 147--15~ Sec . .,5.~(e)j,. d.
:ft is not the job title._ but the actual ,work tl}.at the employee performs that· determines whether he or she . occupies a position·· of trust" .and "cpnfiden~e· (Bluer than . Blue·. Joint: Ventures Comp(:lny v._ Esteban, G.R: No. 192582, April 7,. 2014). ·. · .
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b, Not used-as. a1SubterfugeJor causes which are improper, illegal or unjuitified; ·. -. o; .Not ar.bitr.~"rJly-Asserted jn tt:ie'faq~."of . . overwhelminq evidence -to the contrary; . . d. ·· Must be Gerit1ine, nota mere. afterth_oughtto . . JllStify earlier actlon taken.tn bad. faith;. and · ~/if}; . ·1a •. • The employee: involved holds ·a. eos_itio~19.f,·1"/.(. . trust-and-contidence (Cbina City ~estau;!:Jnf.('·:'"_.Corp.v. NLRC; G.R. No. 97196, Janu.ar.y.22;;;.: .;;:~ · . 1993). . . f., i, ··:· •11 ·
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C:t'im.e:·or. .Offense refers to ·.. an" of!ense" by the· empfoy.e_eaga"inst"the. person of ·his ·err,plc?yer or.any mel'.Jlber ·of his family_ or .· t:iis· duly_.:authorized represent~tlve ·(D.CJ. No: ." 11--7~.f-5;·Sec. :4(cJ)). ·•· .. ·. . .·. ' .
G.uld.elrri~s.Jorthe application of the Doctrine of Loss of Confid~nce: (S2AG_-P). · · .,.,,... · a, · Loss Qf <;:onfidenc~ should riot be .§.imul~ted · .. · ·: . _.· · (reasonable basi.s for -loss of. -trust and
Requisites:. .a. "There .musf.'be ,ah .acttor om1ss1011 pui:iishable/protlibit~d by' law; and b.. That act or omission was corrimlttedby the· <employee '.- aqalnst any o( 'toe . following 0
-persons:
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His employer; . · ATJY. imnie~i~te member of .. · his · .: . ~mployer's family· or · ~:Ji!,J~s.. ·. emplo~e(s' ·duly .. autnorjzed --~- ..-.t,_)~presentative(D.O,. : No, . 147-15, Sec
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Two._Classes of Positions Trust ~.:J . f a. Ml:l_n.agerialemployees; and r._~r . ·1 , . · .1qf~(t)). · .. · · · ·. · r b.. Those who in .the ·normali.,,.~.n.cf- rouu~··_-t· · Note: Th~fc4rp\?-ictior:i.-ofan employee .in a criminal . ·· exercise of their functtons, .r~.9i:J1~:r:1\,;t;r~hdle "case is· n~finijisP,ehsableto warrant his dismissal by g;-··· . · sl~nificant. a~ounts. ~f:,.l)J?riey 6rr·pr.ope~Y... i~1~, · his em.~J~ye~-.-~i}1 that the fact. thai :~, ~riminal (e.g: , · cashiers; f8'1B'tor9,.~p_rope~l~.. ~qmpla_1fll 1:19j..'.nst\tpe.employee has p~en.dropped · · . custodians, etc.) (D',q/No.~__q;4.7jft5! by.ffiW'!:tt-~c¥tQj>1'~indi~g.anp conclusive up9n t. 4(n)). · , · ·. •~~ ·. ,p:-;,1\ ~-· ·. '..J •1• · th.e labor.._.li]_bi:.inal~fStarlitePlfJSt(Clndi.Jstrial_Corp.·.V, .. : :. . .... ' . · ...... ~~:~~- j: ·.:.!~}-: NL~C. GR._No. _7.84911,¥arc~/f3i_1f!8!J), _._ ·. ·.. Nc;>t~: As. to the .degree of. proofa,.rA'.quiry,~ •. with .. tt•.-----:'-:,,....., . - ·. : · : .. , . ·. . i'.." . respect'? rank-:and-fi~e-pe1:5.orine1. ~ r~9u))e~_higher phra·se_ \rn~e_d!a.te·-rot:mbers_ of _.family" . r-. proof _qf 11:ivolvem.ent 1n,-ttJ~. eV"e.nts· m}9~est109~~au.....,-·.--F~feFS-ta-U:iese P':')JS?ns h~v1~g fa_~1ly relat1o~s under that ... mere · uncorroborated .. ass~~gns,i}'~_nd · Art. 150 of the·f:am1ly.Cq~e. to.wit:.· · ·· ~·,. .. · ~C(?USatlon.s_·by the.. emplO}'rfWill".ni;>tSUfft~k.~t"~s. . . . a: Between hu~band an·~ ~i_fe r~.rds a rnan.agerial employ~e, the.mere existence b. Between parents."E;1J'.lc!.ch1ltjren . §: £• of a basis forbefjeving t);lat he has breached tt-ie trust: · .· c. Among broth~rs arid sisters·, wheth~r of the .fullorh.aif-bJood (CHAN, supraat"311J.·: · r" . o( l:iis· .employer·· would suffice for -his .. disinissal:. 1:~ (A1cantara v.. .The,.PH Cbrrimerciaf.:andlntematioh<3/ ·:. . . . . . . ·· ..... , . ;: Bank, (3R_. No.. -1,51349, October ~0•. 2010)." '.Analog~u~ "must be. due· "the r. voluntary and/or willful act .-or- ·omrssiol'! of ·the employee (Nadura BengufJt. Consolidated, : . There mu~t.. be·"sorne basis"· for the loss oftrust·a~d GR.'N9, L.-f7780,.fiu(Jus(24,.1962): · I" • ponfidel'lce :which. -means tt,at there is r.ea~9.-~~.ble. ;_. ground to: be.lieve, if riot ,to e~tertai"n". the moral.. · . .. .. Requisltes: . . . . ~bnviction, . that . the ' . .-cqncemed employe'e . is . ·. . ~· · There must be act or omfssio·n .similar to .· r,asponsible.' for-· the mfacor:iduct - and:·. that ·the· · ·· those spiii::ified jusi cause~·; . . participation tbereii, reride~ed him unwortl:)y of the ; b. Th·e act. or· o.missio.n must be voluntary trust and. bonfidenoo·: d~rjlandeq by his. ·position . ;.. ~,· · a.nd/or willful ·on the ·par.I; of the ·e:rriployees (Central P.,;u:,gasinari· Elf;<;tric CO{)peraw.e; Ina. · ·v.. . , . (p.O.'No. 147~15,· S~c·5.2(g)). · . . Macaraeg,·G.R. No, .145800, ' ~-. .. ·January_·22, . . ..2003).
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·Note: Geneyally, ·erriploye~s. ar~ allowed a Wider .. latitude .qt. dis~retiori in terminating the l;lmploym~nt of ma.riagerial perscmnel ."or tho_se ·wno; while .not 9f similar rank, perform furicliqns w_hi~h by their nature· i'~quire the employer's 1uu trust. and confidence .
No.a.~~-or omissiori shall be ·6~n~id.ered as a'nalo~oi:i-s·. cau·se _unl~ss. expressly specified· in the compan'y · . rules.and.regulations or-policies (D.9. N_o. 147-15, Sec 5.2(g)). . · ·
2019 -SAN BEDA LAW CENTRALIZ~D BAR OPERATIONS
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LAe·oFt RElATIO.NS. SAN B£DA ',AW'CENTRAOZED !}AR OPWTIONS - M~ORY AID 2019
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2.. · Hearing or conterence :__ After serving the first . notice, the employer should affordthe employee 'ample opportunity to be heard and. to defend· . · himself/herself. with the .assistance of his/her · _- _representative if he/she 'so desires. (D.O. No.
Examples:· a.· Violation of cornpanyrules and regulations (Sampag"uita Auto Transport Corp. v. Nl.J~c. G.R. No. 197384; January. 30; 2013);.. · ·
b.
Gross inefflciency-e-analcqous to _gross· neglect of duty. (ex. failure. to..meet sales : quota . based OJ"!. . a valid productivlty : standard) (tntemetloriet scnoo: Mani~fJ V: · /SA"!=, G.R. No. 16728.6, February 5, 2014); . G·. Illegally .' div.er.ting: employer's- .products (2 AZUCE;NA supi« 861J;··anct : , d.'. Theft of: property. of. co-employee .··{John.·
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No. -1.6954~ •.· $eptemqer.-3,· 2qpa): · . . Othe~ . Just Causes- Reco_gn~ed. under Other · · prevtslons.of.the Labor Code:·. ,
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and hearing · constitute the -essentlal elements of clue process. Due process 'of law simply means giving' opportunity ' to.. be: heard before judgment is rendered. In fact;:ihere is-no violation of due process even if. no hearing was conducted, wherti the party was given c!)arice to explain 'hls side of the controversy.:W.hat · 'is fro..ynedupon i~ the denial of the' opportunity to be heard (Perez.·V-: PH Telegraph & Telephone .Co., G:R. No. 15.2048;April 7, ~009), ··
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Union .°bfficefs v,,~o _k.ii.~wirigJy.p.ai-iie::riipte,_in an . · . . . . .".. ' . • ·. . . . . . . .. : ... . . . . illegal strike '(LABOR COD~ Art: 279(.a))' ~-r-~E~mgPnnclples Conrrectlon. Wl!b the . _g .: Ari~ .employee, .union -~~c;·r_.cir.m~.e{~,c;ti:;;ber·u ••. - :·~\~lng,__~!_~a.lr~me~t 1 lnDlsmlsaal ~ases .· . who knowingly participates in the pl!:IJA~/s i~~__..of . JmP.!~~..f>.J>P?rturn_ty.to be -heard 1!1ea,ns _any ·illegal acts .during a strik·e·(~·' 6ti~o/.!_ ,.,..Arf.;,:..--=-~-,;:,.a:·}~e~ap~l].9ffil~ppporturnty_ (verbal:-0r:~1~e!1) gs~en 279(a)); · .. ·. · · · : · ·(?:'.\ ·~/~ ~, ....;.-~~: t~!qt!'e'RPl~IY-~:Sto ~nsw?r··tM c~a~ges ·agam~t 3: :3~iker~ who violate_ .~de,r~ )T,-9.,Qipjyon~:'~or. ~ · ·. 7t.i,!!!11fi{l-i.':::":'~nct..!.s~b.m1t evidence_ in · ~upport. of lflJUnctio11s as are 1ssµec;JrM}?~tij~f$eletary .. fp 4.r 1:::( h1s~er ~!'.\.o·f.~t<:9S~~ w_hether m . a .. hea~1ng, ,. La.bor. and Employment .hr the·,. , LRC (LABc:Jk _comrrene~'i° or"° !rme- qther fair, . Just ar:,d G_oDF;•..Ait. 2?~(g});_~r:id/[f'~ · .: . .·. .. j~~ .. · reas~nabl /Vo. ·147.-15, S~c. 5.1(b)); 4.. Vsolahon .of union secw1JwcTsi1i1se .stiP. lat~d--ia_ f'Jf'!Tlal . ,~!..'D,9tor . confer~n?e becomes . tt·i"e . CSA: 1:iursuatit"_:·1011 (LABkiR cd~E,.· r. -~~nJlatory.i <::>1)1¥ :-Ii . hen·.. - reque~ted . by . _the · 259(e)). ., ·· ·. .d,{:rH . . . ~7.r~"ti\_vff., ~~ :~...me~ee·-•~)·M,tlj1· or su.bstantia_l ev1dent1ary =1--' . . .exis,t.or_, '1f _co.mpa~y "rule or pr~cti~e . Ooctr(n~ 1.nCO!'flpatibility~ }£!_ .• ~1) ·. It, ~r;w~n;,s1n'11lar _c1rcumstan?esJUSt1fy ·. W_here the ..empJ_oyee_ has. dQ.ne s.om~thi~~tb~Q~· ~~~~L~ NoJ1'4!-¥$J~ec. 5)(b)); a~d · . · · · · co11trc;1ry... _qr ji;i_comp_atibl~:\'with \\he·.~Ji~~~. -~~~7~ am_1?Je oppopuni~y.to_b.e_ heard .,;tan~ard.sr:i . , perform.~nee of. ~IS:. (;i\Jti.es~· t)ss~\_mployet.,t,~s LaJ3or sd~W,-prew,uls ~lVer heann_g. or c13u~-e\ fc;ir · teFminating ·his. e.'!1~.oy(!ie~lvf#lI~i/;-e~ce. -~~q~irem~nt in ~e 11')1ple"'.enbng . Chaµffers Leagu&·v. f;Jacbrach.MotQ.{-Col,',6:~~No. .. ~::E;tl ,s_a)'l~
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· · ·' _., · ~ VJ 1\ rr· /\.T•,,,.'-;~v . '.o~~ Process t~ ·b~_:b~s"e,:.;ect bY. t~e· E~~yei;·::· · : _V!~~~(~lien:c:·atr
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..e.tnployee ., a~~iis: ·the : acts: ·. ."The·fdllo.wing··sta.ndarqs_ of due ·proces.s sh~II ~~="'~ory,pl~1~e?.Of,.. ·"J::lO formc:!1.·he.acin_g is:. n:ecessary s.u_!:>s!antially .. pbserv.e<:l"· . fqr: ·· lermlnati6n- ·: of". (Pant1!1_C11/o V. -Cf',.P. PHL Inc., · ~.R. ·· No. 161.:305,. · >. employment based Orijust-.caus!3·~: ' ..·. . " · February 9, ·2007):. ·. • .. , . · .
1._. · Notlc~ .ff:..:.,~~ .N~t~~~ -~·ui~)·::,..:·the. ~rn~.~y~r". ls ,. .· ·13~.m~en ·6f :P.roof re·sts tlpon th~ .employerto show, . ·_ · ·required. tci furnish an .empl0ye.e· WJiO"is · t . ~hatth~ di~missal oHhe em.ploye~ is for':a-j~st cause; . .. . : ... dlsmissecl. wlth .. two · (2} ·written. notices before . . ... and fail4re to dci .so wo·u1d· necessarilym.ean thc1t the · . sucli termJnatio"ri: · .. . : . dismissal , is;: not . jm;tifled . (Polyrrie~ic. General ·: a.· First· 'Written'. Notice :_; · setv~d ·.on· .th~ . Hospital v:· ..NLR.<;,.· .G_.R.- No, '.64190, ._JanUfl,:Y.. 31, ._employee· contc!ining the spe~iffc>oauiesor 1985).. This is consonant. with· .tt:ie ·constitt.rtional. · · · g,:our:ids•tqr. .ter:m!natjorr:as provide.d· under . guarc,tnte·e cif secut-ify_.often.we·as imp1e·m.ent~ by Article 297 of P,e Labc:i(CQde. ai··amehded, law·. (fJuezon·· E.Jectric· (;;oop9ra.tive:. V; NLRC, ~.R. -a·nd ·com_pany:poiicies.i(~i,y; . : '·: ·: . .· Nq_s. 79718-22,"!',prif12, f9?9J. · . · ... . '. ·b,·. Written Notice·of.Terininati6n. - ·served·on. ·. · · ·· . the · employ~e : indi.catiAg that:". (1) . air Degree bf Pro~f·. · . . . -circumstari~s invo!ving th~ E;harge against · 1n·a~min!strative <;>r quasl~Judicial proceedings, propf · .. ;., ,tne. employee have. b~en: considered; ·and beyond reas.o'nl:lble· ·doubt· is· .no,t . required · in (2) the groµnds ha'ife· been established to ·determining the legality of an.·empJoyer's dis.missal· justify th<:: sev_erance·· of· their employm.ent. of an. e_mployee,. and not- eVer] ,.a preponderanGeof (D.9. No. 147-1·~,. Sec: 5.1(a)J.· ' ·evidence is necessary a$··s·ubstantial eviden1:;e· is
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164 j ·2019 SAN BEDA-LAWCENT'RALIZED BAR OPERATIONS
LABOR-·R.ELATIONS · SJ\N BEDALAWCENT{!A,tlZE:D BAR OPERATlf)NS - ME!vJORYAID 2019
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considered · 'sufficient . (fangasinan 1/1 Electric cooperative. Inc. V. 'NLRC, . G.R.- No. 89876, November_1~. 1992); · ·
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The employer's 'grant of other terrnination. benefits; and . . . 5. Whether . there was a bona fide attempt. to comply.with the· notice requirement as opposed to giving no nottce at all {lndustriet Timber Corp. _v. Ababon;G.R. No. 164518, Jariuary:25, 2006).
4:
substantiiil evidence . is not a mere scintilla -of: '.~ . evidence. It is 'that amount of relevant evidence which a. reasonable· mind l!)ight accept ·as adequate · · . ;f to justify a -concluslon (RULE$-·OF COURT, Rule, .133, Sec. ~), .: . . . ;· .. , . .. . . . . v: .: Effect when due process. was ·not observed on disrtiissai.for.a [ust or authorlzed cause ; · :when dismissal is'"for ju'st-or.aulhorized cause; but . i· ·, due process was not observed,-the dlsrnlssal shoutd be upheld. However, the. employer .should .be held. t . liable -for ·_nor-fcompliance: with, · the . procedural . requirements . ·of. due process · ·(i:e: · · clam·ages)- · · (Agabon v. NLRC, _G »:R:··No/158693, November 17,·· 2004). . .. .
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Preventive Sus'pension ·An employee may be placed under preventive suspension, it:" ,· . .. . . . .. . . 1. Tlie evidence qf guilt is -strong, arid the-employer or head of establishment is convinced that .the continued 'st~y of the . employee during .the' period of investigation· constitutes -a-distraction. the normal operations ofthe company; and . 2. His continued· employment 'poses ~ -serious. and imminent threat· to life or property :of ttie employer or -his co-workers · (Gatbonton v, NLRC, G.R. No. 146779, Janur1ry ?3/2006). .
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Modification.of'Agaboil .Case" . . .· It- shall be. for a maximum period 9t 30 days, ·during · The· 'aoove ruling: was .hic;x:lifi · . .. · · . ··: employer · f~iled jo · C?~PIY. :w1~tr-:'_the .,,~6tld3~_'{t<;.~~~~tive,lf.l:lf penslon should not last. for._mor~ than . . . requirement, the -sanctlonto be 1mpo~upon:...J·J'1l 30·days:·=rhe·~mployee should be madeto resume . hli:n. should · be "tempered b~-<_;~use;(}j1s'~ismi~sa!'~ his worl5 aftifi1~9_days·(/RR of t~e Labor:C-ode,Book pr.ocess wa~. _ ln· .. eff~c.t, m1!late):i·\t:>.-~ a~... -~/ [.\ · V, Rule -><>g1111 Sec. 9; as amended by D:O. No. 0_91mputabl_eto th~.~mp!oyee;·.and,~-;,:{. L,·r::::--:.. 1··J 97}. // Ji \. · · · -2. · If based.-on .'ii.n-ci11thorfzed_.,.o~se ·(Aftf2'9'8) bttt ,,, . " . /. :: '~ ·. : . . , . · ,. . ... ···· . ·. the:_":~mployer f~ilE(~ _to"-~,9~ly wjtn:-tre .no_ti~~· After:~1)¢.1~je ·~ih~ 30-day" period for j~stifiable _ : ~uirement'. · ~h~ sarictiqQ(·'sM-9Gf(l~~~ s'tif!~{ _reaser:i.3,;:t/;'\/~';i>1irry!:;-~nbe extended prov1oed ·the . because the dismissal pro't:~~-s·V@'S_;:Jn,trated~Q~· . ·1·,;i . employel'-P.a}§:Jhe··suspend_ed_employee his wages . _u~e .. err:iployer's. · exercise of~'V.t~~ar-t.~.~---~mefat a~d :othe_~-benefits· (PhilipP,ineA'.r/i~es;Inc. v.. N~RC, . -.prerogative (JA~-.Food_ P~~c;e.s.~!(19 V,t.Pacot, ,!'.•...--::·q.·~· No, ,114397, July 8, 1998). · , . ·, G.R. /l)o. :1513.78, Maret, w·, ·2005J·':;_,/!.~ ..-..7"'_,/,,,;-•'.)~{·:.~:, ...:.__.·. ~ · ··. · , . :_·· . . · .--· :·,. 11: ·. . · · :·· · · .• · . •. • .. •• · • • . 11,•t. ,f~,/.,___...,..:,t..!"-Wf'iat-:-·constttutes reasonable t11:ne. an~. 'qth.er ~:·. · ·.Modi_fication of tM Rul.i!19 in J{l.KA_ G~~e · (/-.:J. . · recjLiirements for procedural due process: : . r.~· · · The- rUling ·ii:i t)le JAKA c~se was. al_so·ue tq ·lo~s~; ~ho :. : . . . . . . . direc.tive'. tha! the' -~mplo_yees, _ Not. due: to. losses (lndustnal -T,mp~r Gorp. : v._ . .-opporturnty 1o submit 'their wntt~n explanation · Ababori,· G.R.. No.·.1f>45.1B, January'25,2006).. · within -a ·reasc:i'nable period (0.0. · No. ··147-15, . . . , . . . ... . ·:Sec. s:1(a)). · · ..:· ·. • .. ·. . · ·. .: f:. If th·e authorized ._causer that.ter~inc:Jtes employment . · . ,. · ·· · arises fromfosses,·t_h·~ penalty to the·empl_oyer who ._''.'.Re~sona~le oppoiJunityu_)..mderthEi Omrii~us ~· -disregarded _due pr~c¢ss may. be)ighter-'tl'}an if the. Rules (lniph,~menting the Labor Gode) means authorized c~use,has.nQ relation to'lgsses.(Jndustrla/ 'every kinc:l·of assistance that' management must A . ·.-Tin]ber (;_'orp.v. Ababon,. G:R. No. 1645{8; January : accord to t_he employees to enable. tliem to' ~,. '.2!); 2006): _ . . ·· .prepare ·adequately· for·' 1heir . <;lef!3ns.e.. This .... · ·· . should. be cons.trued -as· a· period of at least 5 · T.he Court also ·mentioned other':i'actors ·to consider . 'calendar _dax-s frorrr 'receipt of .the..notici"3 to·· give . in. ass·essing the penalty to th.e employer such·.as:. . tt,e .. employe.es a_n· oppcfttunity. to· study the . . · 1 .. The·. authorized cause:: : invqked, whethe_r . '~ccusatioaag·ainst-them, coi:isult a union official '·· retrenchme·r:it or cessation :of operatioh due to or lawyer, gather data and evidence, and decide serious b'usiness iosses;· . .. ' . . ' . on .. the defenses they will'. raise against: ttie 2. The numbe( of employees to-b~ awarded; :· compl~int (King o_f KinQ~ tran~port v: M.amac, . 3.. ·. The financial capacity of .the ~rnplbyer; ,' G.R. _No. 166208, June 29; "2007). - ·. · ·
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LA.BO.R. RELATIONS SAN BEDfl LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS~ _MEM9RY AID
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8. ·Termination ~ue to completion· of project· in proj~ct employment; . 9 .. Tern;iinalion due to ·lapse· of season ·in case ()f . seasonal emp)oym'ent; · 10. Terminati.on · que., to expiration ·of period · of probationary'ein'ployme~t; . . . 11: Termination due to expiration of. tenure made . . coterminous with lease; . . . . . . .'. 12: Termination due -..to expiration of contr.actt.ial employment; . · · . 13. Termination due ab.an9onment; and 14. Termination due to closure.or.sto·ppage of work by g~vemmer,it · authqrities · (CHAN; supra :at
·. · in(eli°igently prepare their explanation . and . defenses, the notice should contain a detailed . narration of the facts and· circumstances that will \ serve as basis for the. charge against. the ·· 'employees. · A general description of the charge. will not suffice. Lastly, the notice should specifically mention.which company rules, "i°f any, are violated · and/or which among the · grounds under Art .. 29T .is .being· cha.rged against. the employees (King-:of Kings· Transport V, .Mamac, G.R. No . ._16620!3,_Jvne.29, 2007) v
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344). . . . the first 'notice. the employers . should: schedule · and :_:com;luct a hearing or · conference wherein the employees will be given Seven Situations in Termination. Dlsputes :Jh~:oppor,tunity to: : . . . 1 .. The .dismissal is for a just cause under Art. 297, • .8\' .Explain and clarify their defenses: to" the 'for an authorized Cc!USe under Art: 298'·-or for · charg~.against_thern; . . ~-.:.-:.="''-"=r.~·... hearth reasonunder Art. 299, and due process .... b. · Presen_t :e'!ide.nce. in . support·~,9~elr 11LJ·. ·. ~ ~vi'~s-,,~bserved~ legal (Philippine.Airlines, Inc. · · derensest-ano . ./.. ~~ , J '\I v./NL"f!,C~ G.R. No. 115785,. August 04, 2000). . . c. Rebut the evidence preseQt.~cra-9atqs!th~n;J.r....==.;.~ ...;;.}~..~e ·.J.~rii!s.~al i§._ without just or. authorized by the management (D.9f'i<JCJ;· 1'1c'Jr''tfj:,"&c. . . ca~.~e_.. bti.t>loye~tvho·was dismissed. ~~s·e.d on. a serv~ :t~e _.e~pl~yees a ~en ,,.-i;i_pti<::~of...;:-1~;:ii.ofi'.'.exj:}~~~a~se sh~uld be re_ ins~a-ted to his ti;l1)1mat!O_l') Jnd_1c·atmg_.tha~:-_. · : ~"i·~yj 71~~~-.,,:,:-. f:. ~.p,9s1t!On,._ .or · _1f . ~o.t: _-poss,t;>le; . to . a cl, . All . :circum_stanqes mvolvmg . ~ t;cM2_rge 1\ Ii! A.~'.~ . fJally equ1vc1fenl . pos1tio11 (Serra(lp v. · . agajnst ·.. the · employees,: · have~.l;i ...t=zen · IV ,1.0.:."" . , G.R. -N~ .. 1170.40, Ja(!uary-27;,. 2000).· , . . . · corisiderecj;· and · , · . .. .~,~;,.';~ .. Cases wherdhere"is no evidence of dismissal b .. · ~rounds.have l;>~eri ¢stablishedtojustify the . . (e.g. wh~n '.employer. slid ·.iJol · ciismi~~.· ti"is ; , . severance ·of. their empl_oyinent. (King Qf . ~mpfoyees, ;:tn!'.f the latter did ·not i',lqandon their· .. Kings _Tran.sport v.. "4amac, . G.R. No. ernj:)loiment):" Remedy·. is -ir.e'ir'istat~ment. but .. 1'66208; June 29, 2007). . : . wLU;iout"backwag~s (Asia Fancy PJywodd Corp; · . . . .. . y. IYUjG, ·G:R. No_•. 11309,9; January .20, ·1,999)".: Instances when Hearing .is NOT Required· . 7. ."The dismis~al: was brought,· a.!x,ut · by .-the. · 1. ·Admission. of gllilt by employee (Panuncillo v,_. . · : ifr!plementation of.a la:w-,:. ter'J!li~atiqn.:is' ·legal.. . CAP PH.L -,nd.;. G.R. ·No.-.-·16:1305, Febrµa,y-9,· · · -(~t. Mary'sAcademy of Dipolog Clty.v. Palacio; 2007);. . . . . . . ' · G.R. -No: ·t 64913, 'September OB, .'2010}, · , . · · . "2. · .Terminati<:>1idue to. authorizedca1,Js;_es underArl. · · ·. · - · · · · : ·. ·; _ · · · ·· · · _ -2lJ3; . . . Indemnity ·i~ .the form of tiomir.ial damages: 3. - Termination-due to disease 1;1nder.Art. 299;. 1,.· .Jf.based on a just cause-,,.- P30,000 per Agabon 4. 'Rel?ignation· by the employee; · . . . · do.ctri_ne (Agabon NLRG; G.R. -{'lo•.. 15°l!693, Termination ·after s months. of bona-fide· · ··'Noveinbe/17, 2604), .. . .. ,. suspension of operation; . , . . . 2. ·. -lf°l??sed·on -authorized ~ause-:.. P50;000 per. 6. · Term,ination. due to expitatiorJ 6f fixed-period.· Jaka qqc.trine· (Jaka Food Processin'g ·C,orp. v. · · employment; . Pacot, .G.R. -.No. 1:51·378',. March 28,. 2(J05). 1.,. T~rmination of- casual employment;
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-According to Jaka, the indemnity is.stiffer in case of ·,,.:· authorized cause termination because, unlike inthe •' case of just cause terminatlon where the employee ..ii. • h~S . Committed a wrongful act, an ernployee ·1 dismissed . based , on authorized cause has not deii1"1quency committed.any bl~me"Yorthy act nor any . , or· culpability on his· part. Instead, the· dismissal .. · .process Is initiated by the employer's exercise of his prerogative. (Jaka. Food Processing. ~{' management . . . . . l:i · Corp. v. Pacot,· G.R. No. 151378, March 28; 2005).
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Automation (Rob_otics - installation -oflabor· saving devices. · ·
Requisites: . a: There must be introduction of machinery, equipment or other devices; ' . b·. The introduction must be done)ri ~cod faith; . c. · The purpose. for· such introduction.must be valid .si.rch as to save on ·cost, enhan~e . efficiency ar:id." ·o,lher justlfiable economic . reasqns; . . . . . . .. . .. ~d. There is no other option . available' to the·· . . employe.r .. fhan . the -. introduction of ·. -machinery·, equipment or device an.d 'the· ~onsequent termination ot'employmer.it. of t_hose affected 'thereby; and •, . . . . . .. , e. · There must be.fair and reasonable c"riteria in · -sele'o.ting employees.to be terminated. 0. No .. 147--15;·.Sec. 5.4(a)}.. · · · . ,
Some principles under the Agabon Doctrine ·. 1. · Measure of penalty cir lndernnity-« no io"ngert_un backwages but nominal datna'ges.. ·. . · · ·,. · 2. Since. dismissal is considered ·iega1;:any award. . of backwaqes must be "deleted and replaced by award indemnity. . .. . 3; Amount of nominal- damaqes rnay be reduced. But as far as the upping of. the . amount. is · concerned, survey· of Supreme . Court ,,:"'\ . . · · ··· · ·1 2 deci_si_or:is. in_d_icat.~sUjat.t~ere h_as yet Qeen,-0_·_.,-.
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Redund.ancv.- condition when. the ·services of . . T an employee are in excess of what is reasonably deman~ed _by_ the actual requirements of the e~terpns..,e·orsuperfh.,1ous (D:O. No. 147-15, Sec.
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ARTICLE 299• DISEASE As' · . .. · · · , TERM,NATION -'A~THORIZE. 0-_C_AUSES. OF Dl~MIS$AL
Th~;- following·. are ·.the. autho'rizec;J - caµses of di~mis.sal: (ARR-Cl).) . . . 1,· Installation · . of . labor~savirig , d~vice ···or. Automation;. r .2; Bedunda.ncy;" . , {. · · ~- .Beti:eochrrient (Oownsizing); · . 4. . £losure or. C,es_satioli ·of Opeiratlorl of th_e Establishment or· !Jndertakirig (LABOR CODIE, f "Ari. 298); anp ·. . : .. · , .; · 5, .,Qisease (LABOR CODE, Art.. 299). ·. ·
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.lnstall~tion ~-;_ ~ Labo~-sa~ing . _D'evi~~s ....:. . -reduction·. of the . .nui:nber of . workers in arw . wo'rkplace rnade :necessary· by the introduction of labor-savirig-maeliinery or devices- (0.0 . .f'i/o. 147--15, Sec. 4(m}X -·. · · · · 0
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redundan<,y :s_uc_~ a~:~ut'not_ Uh}it~d t,?-.!~e new · s~affmg . . pattern, · _. feas1b1hty studies/propos~t; on. ~he ·via~ility" .of. the new_!y .c_reate.~positions, job de_scrfptibnarid the approval "by th.e . management Qf the ·restructuring (D.O. f:Jo. 147_~15_..,:sec. s;4(b)) ..
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J-::,;· \,,... . ' t~~ .....i.~ . .,;\· .. ~ ,-,: Suspension of Effe_cts of Term_inati~n;.5"..,. · ·. \:.J -'j · R~\ii's~~:· · The. See_ret~ry _of La~or may s~spen~.Jpe Jff'e~ts a. Ths'f'\'tnust be, superfluous positions. or the ten:nmat10~pend1~g reso!ul1on of th~-~~e ~~-tM,.... l·1.,. seiviije\of employees; · .. ev~~t <;>f:~ pnma fac1.e_fifldl~Q by,..!~e<'~p,g~pna~e:J:-1 ·0.":fo~e-~sltion.-cir services are in excess of. o:tt1c1~I of .th~·-_DOLE befor~ th~ '9i~p,ute ~1~. · \j_. · natlis r~~sonabJy'derriand~dby.the ac::tual pending ""''· .. __~~ ·! i.1:ts~p tth e en . t erpnse . . to opera tem . · Th that. t · ti" · ,(•• ,:,,: ..J,'""'';'.>.,. li.).h-··. ,· , "'. ~,,..,:r.eqmieroen 1 • · . ~ errmna on _may ca_~pe r,a- S~Ol!IS l'd.~f}"r ·,. !,~'Ii '--..;'afl'Efc0r\ci""fhlcaland efficient manner··' . · ·• dispute . .• -_ • • . ~ ~- _ tJ.'fi~(. &'.,:.' .). 1\z· . c. ""Ttiere"'JT)'ust .,;-,.v.- - · ~,>. • · . • • • ~ JI·>/ .. • .'l ,. ;"r · be good faith jn abolishing 2. The t~rmmat1o!l 1s m 1_m_pleme~Jt91i01.~c1 ma~ · · ._·redundant-positions; · . lay-off (LA~OR CCJ_QE, Art. 292!b)~ . -~- · . . · ~ i;~;i;~~~- T~ere iny_st be fair _and reas'on'."ble criteria in ARTICLE .298: CLOSURE OF EST;BciSHME~~;ti~~~\~icting the emp_loyees to be terminated;
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N~te:"· Reorgani_zatiorJ _as a cost-saving device is·. ~cknowledg~d by jurisprudence. An en'lpl_oyeri~. not precluded fr0m ad9pting a riew_pelicy conducive t9 . 8' mo.re economical <;1nd effective man.agement, "an<;!... . tne:raw dpes not require ttiat, the·empfoyer ~lfould be - . . sufferingflrianc:ial losses before he can 'terminate the , s~rvices: of ":the emp_loyee'. on the grour;id.. of redundancy (DOLE Philippines,-Inc. v: NLRC, G.R.. No .. 120009, Sep_temb~r 13, 2001}: . It is. ·however not _enoug_h for a comp~ny .to ·merely declare. that positi,ons hav~ . be.come redun9ant. It must produce adequate p~oofof~uch redund_ancy lo · justify · .the dismissal· of the affected employees
2019 SAN SEDA LAW C~NTRALIZEO.
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Evidence to Substantiate Redundancy: Nl:iw staffing pattern: · b. Feasibility studles/proposat on the· viability . of the newly created posltlons;: . c. Job description: and d. Approval , QY·· the . management of· 'the .restructuring (Andrada ·V. NtRC, ·G.R. No.
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Employer · reduces .tne -When for purposes of number of its 'personrre! economy a . company ln order to pr.event further decides to reorganize its losses in. his business departments by imposing operations : · (Catt.co on· 'employees of ...one 1"73231," supra) .. ·. tntemetionet ' . L{d>• V: department'. the .duties Ottice of· the Minister- performed · by · · the. Add!~lon,Jl·requisite: ... :,· . '., . Ministry of." Labor, G,B. employees 'of.'tJ,e otherRetrenchmentls reascnably necessary and likely to. No. 76966, August· . 7, departmeat, , ·. thus "prevent business-losses, "which,".if already Incurred." .. : 1992). · · · ... · ren-de~ing". unnecessary are. not .merely cl~ -rninlmis, but substantial,' serious, · ' the .job of the· latter, the actual and real, or if" only expected, are' reasonably services · ·. · of. the lmrninentas perceived objectively and iii go.ad.faith.' . employees whose . by the empJ?y~r (Lambert P{Jwnbrokers and ~ew_J/Cf.;~ """""'""- . · · . . · · · . · · functions are _now b.eirig · · Corp. v.. B~na_m_ira, _G.R. No. 1704_64, July ~10). performed bY, the fo.r~er! 1t,. .. · . .. · · ,;r;f:~· .?' .,.~ .· . may be . validly 3. "Retre~ch~ent_ .or. p~wn.slz.i'lg:i:7'.e"i- -~~, · ·· · .. terminated.on theqround grc_Ju~9f~_r:dismls~[ng e~p~oyies·~fd.~~J{~s-~ft~d · ·: ~~~ ·. l\\ . o'. · red~nda,ncy (Gaffco to pnman1y to avold' or m m~~e"li"$:'nes 1o~se~T s - ....,,,..,""'~("y ~\ 1nternat1ona1 .it~. . v. . · (D.O. No: ·147-15, Sec. 4('1/i~Y""i· 'IIJ) ··w , '-~·f'f..J-'\ Offic~ of tt,e -Mm1st.er-. · -, · . / :._ "':.r/f· j ·· ; · jr 1¥~ · · ,~.. . Ministry· of. Leber; :G.R. It.is a reductio!'l of p_erSOIJ,h,e~.us~~flydl.£~ t~_r~~.r· :.t~b_ · · No. 76966, August 7, finanGiJil r~t~rns s.o as ,io.fc)t:dj!S~nOtlco~t~.,.;,~·~~') . . 1992): ·0Rer:a,t1qns 111. · _t_e.rms~of ~s-i:ifar:ie.s :.and .'"wa_ges;,~(i'\ c ;JJJt.:1' . • . · · \ ~ •.• ,1 · . _ ,, • pr:eY.entba9krupt~y__of ~e ~~~niP,ahy_(Ful(f!"!.~~J; ~!Ji 1< . • • _ • • ·_. • ;, _ lnc,v.: Bem~ardo, G:R.. ,1.4, .:::i--·.C:.. . ~. . :fi . . , · · · . 2D13).·· · ·· · .·, · . \ .. Ai ,=i~ '\. , ..- •. . ~--~i eolj[~~~ct Does. not_. need .. to.·~.e .. . . · . \i pl. ~f,. emf1oyer1/Jof aJ~ays 'tngg_erer;l . by ,a Req_uisites:·: .· .. · .. \ : \ ... ·-.~~~~ ~ :~~~~1n9 :_Jer.:npl?y.~:~~ decline·i~ -~~:e· bu~i~ess_. a. -Tr~·. retr,en_chment .· rii~st ~'\.--r~"ase.p-aet,~p1rta6~~e o~o~s~.s ~he, !hu_s, e~en t_f a, b_us_tm~ss . . .neces$ary -~nd likely· t~, pre;e~l;,l.Js'.(.~~_., \o~ryit~5>j:f<'>a f b.,{~tness, 1s domg w~II, .. an . losses; · .· ~\ · . .;.;~., '~t::.N;.;. .1~c1( .....of.~,~ w9!xf . : and ·emP.lo~er can st1ll _vahdly b: _-ThE( ..losses,," if". alre~dy_ iqcttq,_~(9.r;'jiot~"""~"" ''?_:>°l:tSi~~T!=l)e?:ted.ucti~hcjismiss _a(lo. ,: employ~~ -. · i:ne.t!3ly·de m~nimis, bl!t \;ubs~an~~~.,~er.!ffoS:, 1~·Jif "\l~°\ti~\~rome. of t:i.1s _from the J~e.rv1c~ due ~o . . act(Jal ·an!:;l :real, or 'if. only expecf~, c;1re· ·I~, 11 bu1~s. _. (Waterfroqt redul')dancy,_ :. if . -tha~ ·· ·· ."feaSQiiably lrrirriinent; ·;..,. . · · · · .-~~~,...::= ·e_ebu H.qtel_ v.... Jimenez,... JfrnP,IOyee~S:.p9Si~ion.:h~~ : ,". . .c .. fr.i,e·. -~xpei:te.d,:or. actual _l_osses in"ust be_ G,R N_o. · 174Q·14, ·Ju_ne alre<3,d)!° . bec·o1:1e .. _i_n · . prqved." l:iY . sufficient. ahd· ·convincing _13, 2012),. · ... .-·., exq~ss · o.f'_. Vihat .tfle . evid~nce; . . . ·. ·. . . ... . . · _ · -· · er:pplciyer,'s. ·. e11w_rpri.se · · d. · The retrenchment must be..in' go<>d faith ·for" te:quir~&.·.::. "(Ar.abit·: - .v•. "tt:ia advancement 'ot its interest" and not to:. . J_ardine Pac.ific . Firra,n_c~; · .·. · clef~at or cir~umvent .the"em ployee's ri!:)ht. to. Inc.~ GR.=· No.,.181719, · . security of.tenure; and . . · . . . Apri_l.21, 2_014) . . e"." 1h.ere. niu::it"be fa1r ar'lcl. re~sor.iable",criterla·ip . . ' . .. asceitalning who ."would .be 9iS:mfased :an<;{ · · . - . · · ' · ' ·. .. . . · · · · who · would b:e r.etained .among . the. Note::Ttie ptirase "ta prev~:Of Jpsses·-rn·ea,:is t.hat · retrenchment or . te.imin~tion from. the. service of emp)oyeEis,.. · such ·as: st_atus,... effi~i~_ncy,· some eniplpy~es j~ auih,orized to be ·undertaken by. ·. ~eniority, physical fitn·ess, age·, and finam;:i_al : · , · . · tfardst:iip for certai.n:w,orKers· No. _14_7_ . _the employer.· sometime· ··before<· the lq~~es . .a'nticipaJ~d are actually sustained : or realized.15· Sec, B.4(c)). .. Evi.dently·, actual fos.ses. need not. set in . p"ribr {o .retr~n.c;:l"].r:nent. (Cajur;;orii . VII · Y'·. TPI R/liiippines Cement .Cptp., "G.R. · No. 14909Q, Februa;y f1, 2005), .. · . . ...
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. . . ),Note_:· The 'employer bears the burden to prove such ·.::J'g~ol,!nO with· clear and satisfactory evidence, failing ·. ,,·:;!which the dismissal on such- gmund is unjustified iJ:rBio Quest.Mar~e.ting lnc. 'end/orJose L. _Co it.. Rey, ...,ut;, Rule- (LIFO)·
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Rules: ., · . · a: Whe~e .closure is due tp· serious business _losses, no sepatation 'pa·y Is required (North Davao °Mining Corp: v;· NLRC, G:R. No. ·11°2~46, March·13, 1:996); . · · · ·Note: The: ex~n;ir?lion ·bniy. pertains fq the ·oblfgation of the employer urwer.Art. 297 6f the Lab.or Code, When . . the.;.' · ·obligation .. to .. pay : separation. . . benefits, . h_owever, 1s no\ sourced from law (partlcµlarly, Ar1icle . 197 of the. ~abor Cocte), l:lut · from contract, such as · an existing_~olle<,tivebargair.iing_-~greement betwee'p .. the e·mployer·and. ils."employees;..an examination· of tti.e latter's provisions becomes necessary .In order Jo determine .the. ·99verning_"parameters the said obligaJion (Benso1_1· Industries Emp/9yees. UniqnALU-TUCP. v.. Beason· lnaustries,. Inc.,. G.R. No. · .-200746, Augu_~t 6,- 2014).. . . .
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•' ·it applies to termination of, employment in the same , line of work. What ls contemplated in the LIFO rule
·-.is._that whe;n there are two 'or more employees- ,,/occupying'. the: same .· positlon in the company. '1_.:affe¢ted .l?Y th~ retrenchment. proqram, the laft one . ~-,.emp(.oy~_d_ wi{~ nec.~ssy1rily,be. the. first toqo .(M~'yey__ faiff!S; ~mployl!es Qf.gan,iz[!tion v. NLR~, G.R No •. · ·~f -10625{;, Deq.e_mb_er28, · 1994). · . . .. . . . . , ,.· HoW:ever, no mandates lastin, fiFst out (UFO) or ';; · · Flrst, in, :J...ast Out (FILO). The .reason is simple. A \'. hostof relevant factors come into "pl~y in"determining ' . ;;.- , · cast .efficient. .:. measures , arid ."'in choosing the ,,... b.. Where closure , is· .. not ·clue: to serious · ,:·· employees.who"wlll.be·retained orseparated"to"save!"·/t.l business: losses, workers are entitled· to the company closinq shop,' In det~rminfrigy<)·· . separation . .pay . .(Manila . ; Polo Club jc.' these issues, rnanaqement has to· enjoy a /pre1:;:·.. ·.t Employees Union (MCPEU) FUR-TUCP v. ,f: emlnent role .: ('T.)anagement prerogative) .(~"$'(an,'.~.\,: Ma"njla Po10:c1ub; Inc., G.R. No .. 1728:16, f-:· Alcohol_Corp:_v. N_LRC, G.R. [Vo. 131108, Marcjf.2f;::)J::·~"""i?.:::.~.., Julj}?,_4,2(113); and. ·· . : _- · .. ·· ·: .. ·i', 1999). ·. · . ·:.· . .· · -:':"-X·e.~~ef~ clo$ure was due· to an act· of thE;i ~' · . . . . · .: . . . . ,.,'."."'_:,.; . .. .A..J . govpr.r:im·er:it, the ..workers are not ~ntitled to }>. In cas~s. ,of in~tallabcm of. _l,;i_bor-s~.v1~g1f.devt?es-'.:-····i~ . s_eij.aY,ation pay' (National F~deration of S · ~e~und-;tncy ·al"!q· retrenchment,_ _!~e ~1~0, 1;9~-.,;,shall / 1 . . L~'bpf J\("LRC, G.B .. No. 127718, March 2, f: .. apply,.e?Ccept wh_e_n an emplo"ye~v~blan~.~r.S:tobe ~b06j. \' . ·. . · . separat~ffrq1:rrei!iploym~nt.
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Medical Certificates need not be notarlzedln .orcer to be admitted in . evidence and accorded . full probative · weight 'because in practice, these documents contain 'siqnatures .of physicians which gives rise to the. .presurnptlon that the medical certificate has been regularly issued (Union Motor ' Corp. 'v, NLRC, G.R.· No. ·1.59738, December 9, .2004):.
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redundancy '"'.' 1 month pay or at least ~ month. ·pay for every year of· servlce,' whtcheverls higher. afracuonotat least·· . 6 months shall be considered as ·1 whole year. . b, · If based on: i.' Retrenchment; or .. . ii.: Closure· . not due" to 'serious business losses· or ·financiahevei-ses ~-1 month . pay or least Y:z··mont!l pay for _every year of'service, whichever is higti'er, a fraction
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Note: bisc;riminali~n in· any, form'. from pre-employrnent to .post-ernpioyrnent, including hiring, · promotion qr assignment, based on. the actual, perceived or suspected HIV status of an iri'dividual is · prohibited: Termination'from work on. the sole basis orflnanclat reverses c-noseparetjonpayIs of 'actual, perceived -or suspected t11v·status is -requlred.: · , . <' :. · · · . deemed unlawful (R.A. No. 8504,.Sec. ·35). · d. h-1 case th'e·cEiA or.company policy provides .· . . . . . .· . . · . for a higher separation pay. Thesamernust: It' is. ~mly where there i.s··-~ prior certification from a . be foiloWed instead -of theone ·Providf.ld i~==--==£~petentpublic authority that the' disease afflicting Art 29EJ.'(CHAN1 supra af31_5); · /;?"~ lTLJ: iRe:;~mJ?.!oyee·.souqht to be dismissed is of such e. Fair and :reasonable criteria -~,,.;;i:lef[ert!iQ.i~(;I1l Jn~\lil"'itt,in Wh_at_ p~sitiOl)S are' to be Jltt~{!(eclj .tJf1_!:i.9.,:.....:._=:e-4~J~) _mpntt.i's\~'{enwith prop~r rnedi~I treatment . tsrrmnatlon ·(L-am_br;rt _ ~fl':Xmb_io'J
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Disease . }i, · /· In. case\ the -~,nlip~~f unreasonably refuses to 'Requi:-ltes: . s~~l7T~·medi~h--~JS.atn.ination or treatment upon_ a. The.~mp)oyee.1~ su,s_'nr1grfgoman ,d1se~~~r ~~-A~. fjq~e~te~1.to..,,~~-. so, the - employer _may b. The continued ..emp!oylJ{eh~of ti'\~ e"'mp.loy.~-e:c: -;-m]:e.tm1nate his, U sePflfc~s on · the ground of Is pr9hil:lite9 by ·_la~icff:,-pr.~j~d!c:fa{~.~~~.!P.2i~~jti~bor. w111Ju1 di~obedience_ · of lawf~I health as well i;l~ to .1.}ea,1.thotJ;it'§J~r-!;p;,~ 1· t ~ er_,,{yt8;©R9i0BJ!f lrt:297 (a)), · .. · ~mj)foyees; and ·. i '\."ft., /' 't \;e~\~~;._:r~· ~ ;~) • •' JI . . -:v JI ., . . .: . · c. . _There·must be. certifi~atioil a cowffe.t'i~().P.::S1 · ' · .~!dllral ~t~ps R~.quired . · pl,J'blic health a~thorit~th_at ttil:l. dis~~-· 1G:·'Qf-fttfen.iiotic~t1femp!_oyee.·concerned,at least in~urable with~·- a_ perio'tt~_?f6_ m"a~~~~'JENT\~O ,9~Y~ prier }fthe· intends~ date of.termi.nation with proper m_ed1cal.. treatrnen_t ,.fP.e.._.._Ni:f..~.-.;JPfO,. ~%147-1,5, S~c. 5.3~. , · · · 147~15, Sec.. 5.4(e)). : , .. ~+-·{\: }c:«~ · ·. · · ·. . . ·. , · . · · ::)\~ .. «;)].,. _:,:_.~\ ,f -~;t"'ijpji:!'i".,vvn~n _te~_mination of employment is Termi,:iatipn.of.services'for ~ealth.:re~son~ll.l'U§&g; ... by ~h.e_ f,a1lure .C!f an empl_o~ee to meet effected · only. upon compJ1ar::ice . with· tbe: :above'""'="~ the st~ndards . of the employ~r m · ca~e of . · requisites (iAZUCENA,sup',:_;/at 91-8-$19). . . :- :") · • probati~nary,en:iployment, it .~hair be ~uffici~nt · · · .. · .. · ·.· · ' that. <'! · Written .·notice -is. ser:vEld .the: employee-· Not~:· In. ca$e. of death." Art. ~:99·= cldes not apply within a reasonabltHime from' the effective date · ( Gom·ez v. P.e,ntral'Vege.table'Oil; .GJ~.·No. L-227Q2,· . of t~tmiriation (IRR.·of (he,LAB.OR. COl)E, Book . . .)uly 2,8, ,1969): · .. ·. · · · ' .· · · Vl;R.__~leI, SecJ2):. · · , ·,; . . . ·. . ·. When. terminatjon . br~Ught . about_. by .the Competer:it· Health. Authority ·..-~fers. t~ '8 . completion 9( ttie 90.ntract..or phase 'thefeof, no· government. doctpr, 'w\lhose · medical 'sp.ecialization'. . prior )JotiGe is require.d (bto.- No:"09--97,' Rule .. pertains to the. disease' 'being 'suffered:· '.bl the XIII, Sectiqn :?(c)); · .. ·: .. · . . · . , • employe·e. (CHAty,··~upra,at 334)-. · . . -· ' . .. . . ... ... . . .. · .. ' . . - .·. .:\' . ·,' 2.. Written notice opu~ at least 30 days prior to ·. The· requi.remeht·for a medical. certificate ·under Art. .(l;le -JntendeQ;da_te of:terminatiori; · 2!:19 -of the La~or code c·annot qe dispe~sed with; . . . . . othe'rwise, .. it. would ' sanction . the' unilateral' and . Purp9se: To l:i.riable it .to .ascertain the. ve_racity arb{trarydetermi~atitmbythe·employer of.the gravity' .. of the cause ·of termination. or extent of the··employee's illness arid thus. defeat · the publi¢._policy-in the protection of labor (Sy .v. CA, .. 3.. .Pa.yrriEi°ntof sepc;irat1oh pay (LABOR CODE, Art. G.R. No_ 14n93; February.27,.2003); ' 1 ··2~~-299): . . . . . . ·: . . ·. · · · · .. - . .. ,. . . . ~ ... 5.
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The rule- is different in: the case .of -an illegally empJoyee in which the separatic;m. pay shall be computed from the start of employment untll his actual separation .(such .as tn cases where reinstatement is no longer feasible) (Golden Ace _Buil~ers v. Ta/de, G:R: No._ 187:lOP, May 5, 2010).
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for Just Cause v, Termination for . Aµtho"rized :cause . . . .
The employee, . -ls-. Tl:le .employee ,IS dismissed "for causes dismissed {or causes which are attributable to broughtby·tne'neces.sity: his fault 'or 'culpability and · .. exigencies · of (D.O.· No. 147-15, .. Sec. business; . changing •4(b)). economic · conditions
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Equivalerrt to 1 mqnth\i?l=\f <·11;;,f . 147~15, Se_c. 4(a)). or at lea~t Y:, month. paj'fof ., '.:·•./,_:... '"' ' ~ ~'i'~ ' . '. . . ' . eyery . year of . .s6rvic~;~j ! ,,'.£,....:. ~Hf ~.. "'. ·. . ' . , - • . ' · • . • . 1' \; w~ic~eve.r )sr;.%gher,· As a . ri:Jle,,?~\?ismi~se~:Ar( empi. . /= " . :" r•l v. Tadgµm,~ G.F.s: No. 2-98-299). · : · .': tt~:1 ~.;.?.?i.ih.. ·,....... , ··r 2210.~~~Jun'e-.-gS/2-PJ.,7).. : · '· : · . l:f duej"to s.ev~~/!)usin~~ , .. -w:•-'."" .'~,w· .. · · :fosses ~--"-'~~-,-,r--..; o?:,,-t.,.~narioia:I · 1. ·. r· . . t;·''} reverses;lltflO" · separati1;>h ·. h l · . . _pay' .. due 'f•(North},Davao . -_r;'-fr-:- -'a~fore· ~n '. employee .is E.mplqyer m4st giv~ the . Minlng· .& )p'§>-Verbpf!J.~FJ.t.:w::T.•s'§_edJor_just cause, ·1:1rnployee . to . . be· . Corp.oration,y;{p.JLR9:ff¥R: ·· ·-- ·he rriasr-~e give~ ar(lp_le ten:,in13ted . a writtefl No: .f12546;,:\¥_frlifi-''-1:J;- . opport~rnty to .be ~e;:1rd r:iotice_- at leqst one· (1) 1996). . , . _'-f~:..:,':;::'\ ·· and to defena h!mself month before · the ·· ..... , .. (D.o.· N~..--147-.15, Sec." inte.rided -dar . ··of. Equivafe.ni. {o at. le·ast 5.1(b)) .. -· · termiriatiori (0:'0. ··No.: 1month J,ala_ry_ ·or·'td % ·147_-15_,.$ec>·s.:3):. · montt, salary tor ever.yyear of"• service; whichever· is "'' "higher:- . a· . fra~tion of . Notice to . DOLE . is. not 'Notice; : :lo DOLE is least 6 months shall be · required (0.0. No. ·t-47- retjuired (0;9; -'No: ·147cqnside.red: f w~ole:· ye~r 15,- Sec. 5._1}. . 15;.Sec.'q.3J.:. ·. (LABOR CODE, Art.· 299).
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· Requi~ements for.Termination:· .. 1: Substantive· Due Process .
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comp~tatioi"! separi:i"tion'pay _sha!l pnly include th~·-. years. of service .ftA_BO~ _CODE, Art. 298)•. · . _..
The·empldyer sh.all not-tetmiriate·the:seniices of ' afl employee except for a just ca(Js¢ (Art. 297) or.:when· authorized· by-law (Art~. 298 and 299).· When ;ther·e is no- showing of.1;1. clear, valid .. and legal cause for the t~rmiriati.on of employment; th~ law co"nsiders the cas~ a ni"atter of. illegal dismissal ($-eneral Baptist . College v. NLRC, G.R. No. 85534, March-5, 199'$). · ·
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notice (Mayon· H;tel ~ R~staurant v. ·Adana, 'G. R. No. 157{33.4, May 16, · 2005/. . . . . . . . · . .
'2. · Procedural Due P.roc.ess . . a: · For termination. based on just causes under
Art. 297, procedural due process means The requirement · of. law m~ridating ·"the giving of . compliance with the following: i: · A written notice: (first notice) served on· 'notic~s was.· ir'iten.ded not :only to· :enable the . the employee specifying the ground for. ·.employee.? J6 look for another .~mployment and" ther$fote ease the.ir)'ipactof tlie las$. of their jobs and termination and.gi~in~ to sald employee reasonable opportunity . to explain · his . the correspon!;ling income, but iryiportantly; to _."s1de. · : · give ·the. .D~p·artmerit · of Lfibor_ and-: Employment ii. A hearing or·coriference (or at least an (DOL.E) ft.le opportunlty to,asci:Irtaln the verity of the . ·: . opportunity to ·be" heard) during .which ::)lleged authorized' cause: of terminatlon. (Mayon . the . employee- . .""concern'ed,· .. with' .. the Hotel & Res_taurantv. f!..d~na, G.R. No: 157634, May 16r~005)., .. _ _..· ·· · · assistance o( counsel if the. employee SO desires, is ,g.iven 'an opportunity to .. ' respond 'to the. charge, present hls . ARTICLE TERMINATION BY EMP.LOYEe . · evidehce · rebut the evidence 1, :.Withoht Just .-:"_;.by· s~rv!ng · a. written. 'presented 9gaipst him.: . "' notice· on the employer .at .least 1 -month in . iii.·. A written notice-of termination (second. . advance: The' employer upon wl)om .no such · · · notice) . served .. on· the employe.Ek=~-- .notice .was served may hold the employee liable indicating that upon due. con~ideratfon~ur . . r·--,,_Joi::~mages_ . .. . . . . . . . . . · · of all the circumstances, gro6'nd~':hhf1ve !, ri~Jwuh 3u,st Cause ~ An-employee may put- an · . bee~-. : -~stabli~hed tg..?"-<j~sliJ>i.";,l)J§='.-==~~~r~. e~ployrilent """.ithoul-servi~g;_ any . terrnlnation (Kmg of !f_1._l]Y!j_"71-;9rf,_$ptJft v. · . . . . n"Qt),ge '01'.ltttw.,employerfor any of the fc,llowmg_ · Mamac, G.R: No . .,}(66~,,,,i'~.,.-2~""'?.'~"'"""'=i.Ysl caa{es: ($\JCA) . . . · · , .2007). . . .···:{,-::e,,=,,,_ ,/7 s 'lg) ·°"jf ~7' a:-"'"\~~i~Sf~~lt"by the employer. Or his b. For termlnatlcjj' ~asep, or{la0f on~ld cau~·e: LJ°'t,, • lepre~:J.li~at~v~on the~ honor and person of under Art.· 298 and.A-9l- 299, comph(!mce with ,,,t;,-~ · ~e emplo{ee;"t ··,. p~~c~dural . · du_e ~icf_g}ss whid-~~-~s ......·1rr·~-:-l'l":"'~lhhuma'~-.....;j~q(,· Qnbearable Treatment service of.a wntten~r_:rot1eefo· the ~mpf6~j~'u~lj Jccorde'~rrhe~~i.,:iployee.bythe employer o.r.: . AND· the appropriale.,...R'e:gional. ~tfjce.;~:El~..w.~~~ . J1is "r~P.T(%S:eAtaFve·; · . < :·· . . · DOLE atle~sqo d~y~~~qretn"f~fltfctiy_it"y~~ :_sJ~ml~iori ~f~a ~rime·. or ?ff_ens_e~by tti': or the tem:11n~uon, sp~cJfY1~-9ttt~$€l~91!l!1q,o~~·.1: qi\ . /A{:~p.loy9rh·.11•~~11s, 1eµr~$er1lal1v~ .agam~l the grounds for- terrTJif!a'ti°\)6 ·ra~AN}(s'i)w/J..··.afE'i, .ltt:r.%-;~'? ./'.tj..PJi!r~o·l}l of Tu~11 employee or -any ·of the 341). . . . \ · . '~, ~~Jk~ ~ >-$.,/ '.:"-:<~'if.nm7ftiate1115:!mbers of: his family;-ar.id · c. For termination basel,.t orr c(l),q,pleli_g~~:"", O!!)~f.. cau~~~ · ~nalogous t_o · any of ~he ?Ontr~~t ~r phase~thereiiJ', .N.o ~~19r. no@:~"f\.1~: · fr~going (fA_BQR .CODE, _Art_.. 3()0): . . , . . . 1s requirei::l_{P.-Q. N9. 09_;9,7,Ru/~11,,_,.,]..g,~ ~...f _...VA.t.tli"l:!r;:g~elves.-fromtheir employm.~nr~)tmust be don~r .erriployrjlent-written ·notice must be .~eiw'a-, -~W'i'ffi:· . · . . · . · ·.. ·.: .· . :· . _:. · · · ~ . · .. . to ..tlJ~. "E:mployee ~oncerned" .. wfthir.i. a ·1. inle.ntion of.relinquishing an. offic!:'l;.·ano .· . · .... reasonable· time f~om the effective date of 2: . Accompqnied :bY . the ~c':t ·.Of :". abandon"tne"nt the t~rminatio·n. (IBR: of the LABOR. cb6~, . ·.(Grand~ ii. Philippii)e Ni{iitical):;ain.in_g C.offege; Book .VI, Rii/e I, Sec. 2;. as- ainended by_D. 0. -G.R. No, 213137, Ma,:ch 1 /20·1
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Ther.e,-w~s no._resignation. Whefl imtnediateiy. aft~.r.. ... . · · · . the:,al!eged resignation of the. .Eft:n.pfo.y~e;i,e filed a. Serio1is business ·_lossesdo .ncit excus~ the eri,ployer . complaint. for illega,1· d.\smissal (Carl9$:::v... CAi. G.R. · from:co"mplying with the cle~rance ot report r~qt1ired · .. · · Nb. 16?096, .August ·20()7).· .... . · :. ·: .. .· ·.. . 28; . . ~- ..., under- Art: '298 ·,the .. labor Code .. a_n~ its· implemsnting . r:ules . b,efor.e terminating... tre v~1urttary.· R_es°igna.tionis th~ ·~ct of an ~mplpyee;·• who finds himseifin•a.situation-in \vhich :he- believes employm·ent of its , W
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'·.:i=:ven if. the option to resiqn' qr_iginated from the employer, what is important for. resignation· to be '.'deemed voluntary is.Iha] the employee's intent to :, relinqui,sh must .concur ~ith the overt ac.t_ of . .~ relinquishment (Doble. v. A/;31;3, · Inc.,. ~.R.'; "No. ,}." :215627, June 5, 2017). · .- ·· .~. ,¥_t · : . . . :. . · 1'.:°."The employee must .serve ·a written notice on. the. !,f:'.. employer at 'least ·1. month- in. advance. Once ·. ·accepteci, it cannot be withdrawn· .Without· the . consent. of the employer .(lo(ertrod"Matitime, Inc." ·ii. . ~ NLR_c; G'.R. No: 81?87., Jl!,:ie-1!1;_'1~91):'". . .
~fter the 30-day period of suspension, the.employee · must be reinstated to hi:;; former position because . suspension beycndtbis maximum period.amounts, to constructlve dismissal (Hya(! Taxi Services, Inc. v; Catinoy.,. G:R. No. 143204,Jun_e 26,. 2001). . ... Test of Constructive Oismi·ssal . · Th~ test of constructive dlsrnlssal is whether a · reasonablepersonin the employee's position would have felt compelled to give up his position under the circumstances "(McMer Corp, tnc., v.. ·NLRC,.. G.R. Np.. 19342JJ June 04( 2014).: . : '
~n--empl~yee -~ho. vol~ntarily re~i~·ns- i~· n~t:.entided : to . .separation' ·. pay unless stipulated in . an ... employment· ..contract . or. CBA or. sanctioned by :· established _emplo"yer practice "or policy "(Bel Rio V·. ·. DPO Philippines, tnc., G.R. 'Nb. 211525, Pecemqer · ) . 10, 2018). . . . . ..
Temporary Lay-Of( . . ... .. There is· no specific provision "9f l~w w_h.ich treats a temporary retrenchment or lay-qff. and provides for the, requisites in effectir1:9 it or a period of ,d.uration. therefore. These employees cannot however. be · forever "temporarily" .iaicfoff. ·
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,.· Voluntary resignation and ille~al di~"mis~a;_ ·. :r~~~d,;,°t~fs ~-ifuati~~,'A:rt: ?94 may be a~plied but . · ~dversely opp~s·ed . modes . .of: '. termih~fifl"!{( _; ;\ · only: p.y a·nalogy .. tq:. set · a sp~cific . period -~hat :!3mployment relatlons,:mthat the. pre.s.ence of)91l~-~-,··,,·J\ .emp.)oy~e~ may rem~1n._temporanly lard-o!f·.~r ma_ precludes ·th~t of the other (Alfaro_v, C~; G:R. 1·,:./.:.'~!,/'':':!-!~n,g. s.~Ns - _(while ~us.mes~ o~rat1on_s are." 140812, · ~ugust 28; 2001 ). . . ·. .. L, . :1 (';..'..:...,S.U.§~.~~~d.)}gronly a period 0!_~1~ (6) months (PHL · ·. . -· . · . . , · . . ·, ·. ·::·?- . '~' ,l T~legraplf'-8./Telep_~one Qorporat,on_ys. N~R.C, G. l.ntentlon to Resign . . . . · ... · (}'".:· . · R. No.-147~~~\April 15, 2005). A.n ·e'!'~l?yee may be deeme? ~o havc)';.~§!ef!1~d.fr~91" lf \\ . . . · . · .. .. . hrs_pos1tton wher:i·he ~.r9te ..a _Me_~,~-r.ld~~~~~Fll~. !:·~- :ARTICLJ:iF° ~01\ ,WHE~ .EMPLOYMENT NOT . to the." employer· ys1ng. ·,n·c~.:;~,a~.Y. W.g>~~S:": anfl_ 'DEEMEf;i _T~Rl\lll~ATE~· . . . . sarca.sbc:.. remarks ·_that nega,(e..,9e~1r.eT:--tQ:_1rr:ipro~e~,.!.;.J 1_.. BOIJB t,Jffe· su~penst(!)n of. the . op!,l_rat1on of a relatior:is. Such:"resfgnati.on· l~~y-qe::;3"-g}.~~ted~tj.. ~, ,i . :5"qsJf.i.e°(~.:ToF;Y.]iaerlaki!'igfor · a · ·µ~riod not rri_ade effe"ctive by_ \he rnar:iageg:ie_nt;:-aH~o ....ughi't¥1~ : I! j. ·eX:~ee~nQ!~i-~!(6)rnonths; or : .. empl9ye~ did. n.ot mentron. :the w97~:t'.gt~ig~.;,~n.d/ .2_. · F~lfillm~.nt_by.the emp!oy~e of :a military.or civic ''.r_esigm~Hon"." . Thi? !;lappeneo.. \JO~ tft~;1 ct\1j3f.. icL.,..,....:. .• duty,.· . . \.: Jnvesti~ativ:e·report~r of the Philipp-ine\~:}~~lfle·sen!.~~)'.'/::.,: . a: '.'Memorandum for File'.' tq the Cfja1rma117-0f;0-7J··"'--"Fleating-'S,atus . e?(~iessif)g hisifru.stratio1_1s and :diSE!P.Q"Rir:itmf,ht.s in· T~e, "flpating'status· of.;m emplciyee shoy!d_ last. 01;1Jy . {h~ office.(Philippfn~s_Tc;xJay tnc.;.v: fl!L.1'1~"'l._tf!3·:No, . for.~- reasonabl.~ time. Wh_en._th~floa~icig stat~~·of an 112.965, ,J~nuary ~O, -1997). · ·· ·. · · ~mplqyee· l~s,s, for more th.an 6 months, he may be ·. consfd.ered t9 !Ja.ve been: ~qnstro~tively- dismissed' Con.s~(uctive Dismissal . . · · -·: .. ·, .. ·.... - . . . . from· -.servfc·e.: ;Thu·s, "h_e· is -entitled to the 1. .There r'nay·.b~·co.r;istructiye di.smissal i( an 'acfof torrespondjng: be11efits 'for. :his·.· separation. (Aglo · ' cle_a·r discrimination,· ins~r:isibill~,' or ,disdain ·\)y Commercial :Security ·services .'Agency, toe: v. an employer be.comessq._unbearib.le .ori the part·. NtRC;, G.R. Nos. 82823-"2.t/., ·July_:n_, "f989). : :· of ·the..,.eiriploy~~-- .th_at i"~ ··could,. _for~close any ' · ··· ·· · · ·· choice by him· exc~pt to forego "tiis·contir]u"ed '. Note:· It is _manifestly _unfair ~i°nd· 1,1na~ceptable to_ etn'pldyment ·.·(Hyatt. ·.Taxi'. Servfce.s,.,. Int: ·.v.. immediately dee.tare the mere faps_e .of the 6-month · · Catinoy,:G.R~ No. ·1.f3?Q4, 'June 26, _2001). ·•. :· · ·. period",'of ffoatii")g status as a···case of. ·constructive . 2, O~p1otion ·.in.. ·~an_k/ctiminution;: :o.f. ·.pay ...; (2 disniJ~sal," without looking -''in.to:·.·,tt-ie .:·: peculiar · . -AZUCENA, supr_a a't 1046). · .... :. . . . ci~cunist~nc.~s:th_at_res.urted in lhe s_~cur_i!Y 9_u~rd's_·_·. · 3_. Flaa.ting stall.I.~'- of a :·s~curity_ 1guard,'. ~.uch. as · ·. fa11u~e to assume a11other pos~ (E~oc_et§ecuntyand. , ·responaent, "fo( more thc;\ri .6 months,cor.istitutes : ·Allies·Services Corp. v: Serrano; G.R. No.. "198538, tonstructive 'dismissal ·(Emeriius Security .and. Sef?teinb~r 2!}, 2014):. · ·' · · · ··. ·· · MEJintenance Systems; Inc.' v. · Oaillg, · G.R. :No.·. · .2°04761, April-2, 20"14)... .. ·. . :" . : . . ' . .
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.$AN'QEDA LAW "CENTRALfZEDBAR OPERATIONS.- MEµOFIYAID·"201~
.. Summary. of Requisites for causes, of
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Termination
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There must be ·mi~_condtict;. The mlsconcuct must be of . -such' grave "and aggravated · character; ' · · . There must be showlnqthat the.employeebecomes unfit to- 'continue .·working fot. the : empioye~ (/;);o ... No.. 147-15,· -e-:
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3 .. The employee.· concerned must be holding a-position of trust and confidence; 4.. The loss · of . trust· and confidence should not be simulated; . 5. It should not be" used as. a . · subterfuge for causes Which are improper, . illegal or unjustified: and . ' . 6. It rnusfbe genuine and not a mere: afterthought to justify · .an .earlier action taken ln bad ... fait~ (D. 0. /ifo. 147.~fs:.$ec. 5_.2"(e)). .. · ·· · ·
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j(There. must ,._'· ornlsslon · · simfrar - to : • those. .: specified jtist·causes; and, .. 2. ·The act or omissiQri mustbe .. -;yqluniary and/or willfuron the . part: the .emplovees. (Dp. ·. No. -147-;15,. Sec. _q:2(g))-;· · ·' .'
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. 1. there .· must · .ba .. an: ·. act, : omission";or concealment; . 2, The · · ac,t,. ,· .omlsston ·. or · . : concealment . ·. -Joiiorve_s a. ·· · breach of legal duty.. trust; or · -contldencejustlyreposed; 3. Jt must be committed against · · . . the . employer ·. .tiis/her" . . . representauve.. ~ . . 14; It- mustbe 1n connection witti ·lhe employee's work· to.o, · _:. f;Ji)_:· 147_::15,Sec. 5,2(d)). ·
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1. There must; · be: an . act; · ornlsslon orconcealment; 2. The act, . . omlsslon · · or · · concealment j4stifies ,he [oss of Irost and confidence;
174-1
2019.SAN BED.A.LAW CENTRALJZED!::JAROPE~TIONS .
1. Th'e.re.mus(~e iritto,tjuction6.f . ·: . mac)Jfrieiy; .. equipm~r:it .. or . oth~(<;levices; . 2: Tlie ."introduction must · :be <;lone. in°QQ6p. faith; ... ·3'. 'The purppse .··ror 'such ·:·-. introd.\.!.cJion· mu~(. be v~lid .··such, __ as '.·_to· sav!:¥. .on· cost, ·: enhal"lce efficiency':and other . · justifi~ble .economic r~asom~;. · 4. ihere·. is" no. other, option. ·available . tq :the.~ employer than; the .. introduction 'of machjnery, .. equipr,:ie('lt or deyice an~ the conseque_nt
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T her.e must· be fair and · . reasonable . · criteria'. in ascertaining .. who . would be dismissed and who would be retained :ar:nol!ntr . the .. ~niplqyees, such ·as: 'status, _l:lffjcie'ncy,.s_el'lior:ity,·physical fitnes~.: age, · and ·tinanc_ia'I ha"rdship·· for'certain workers
. termination Qf employment of those affected therebyrand 5.. There must be fair and · . reasonable, .critejia .. in. selectinq employees to · be .terminated (D: 6: No .. 14 7-15, Sec. 5.'4(a)j.
.. ' 1. There must be superfluous positions or .. services. of employees;
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2.: Ttie·.positions or-services are · . in · excess. -of .. ·· what ' is ·--reas.onab.ly. demanded by the · 'actual .requlrements .of the. . . . enterprise to' ope-rate. in .. an economical 'and efficfent· . rnanner: · . 3. There must be good faith in ·, '. ·abolishing · : ·· '. redundant •·/0 . . .poslflons: . . -;.~(. ,,., ·Y(.\. ,. ... , 4 . Th ere must .be . fa1r·,9~d,r, .. ;,~\-.. . .·Teasonable '. criteria ~\JirJ< .:. r;.:-~ . .. . . .selectinq the' employee,,~ft9'_ :~.i\{1;,'. <·: ··: be termtnated-and · >t;.7 -1·:, i·:lll,. .....::.. 5, There must. beju'l".'adequate .f~ . . . . ...proof of r'edund.ati;y;such as',·"'::,.~ ,. ~ . , ·" ..-I -but. not limite~ •·;tqp.th~;Jiew'. ';~ .: $ta~ng .w5~frf.'·;e~t~rsi~ili_ty.! J1i . ·-stuq1estp/oposal' 'l:orr'. tht=l,. · ·l
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1. Reasonable · and · lawful ·grounps~ specified ·. under . · ·company policies; : · · · ·2: An em.ployee fo~nd po$iti:ve· :. ·. for use of. d~r:igero,us drugs shall . . be: . dealt . . with . ·. adminil,tratively . ·.. .3:. SeXJJal l)ar~~sm~nt (seriou1;1 · : tnls.con.duct) ·· · · . · .: · · 4.' -:niose providep..fQr under the . CBA (D ..o::No. 14"7.-15; Sed. . :·?); ·,-.
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1 .... J.~~ retre!"c.hrnen_tr~usJ be .' · . reasonably .. necessary" and likely to prevent · business . · . . io$ses; .., • .' '. .:·. :. · .· .. · · · ·~:· TtJ~ ·1os$~s •. ·.. j(·:- alre.ady · . inci.Jrted, are no.t rne~e_ly ~e . . ' . -· .r_'ilinimis, . 'but .. suostantial, . serious, actual an.d' real, or. if . ' . only ... expected; . . . are . : : ..' reas6riably imminent; · 3, ."tl'!e .. exp~cte.d .. 'or ·~ctu~i .. '.losses: m:ust. !)e. l)'roved by sufficient · . ~nd . · convfncing ., :·. ,,e.vidence; . · : .· . 4. Tfie retrerichmebt must·be in .. · ·. 9.009 · .faitl:) · ... for· : · the . ''!3dvaricement 'of. its. interest and· ric;,f . tci.. defeat . or . .. circumveat . th.e' empl0yees' · : · right to. security ~of ,tenure; · and
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1. The employee must · be ,· -: suffering ftom ·any disease;· 2. The . continued employtn.ent . of the ernployee'is 'prohibited· · by lay., or . prejudicial : to ··hi~/her health as-·.well as to,: ·the health' .of his/her co_ve·mP.loyees;.arid. . : . 3. Tliere ·must . be · c;.ettificatron . by a··cqrnp.eterit·p'ublic-health .a.utticirity · that 'the dlsease is irwurable.. within ,a period of -si:i(· (~) · -m_onths' even ·..with ... proper, .medical . treatment '.' · (D.O. No. · 147-.15,·· Sec.-
the . appr~val .:~;J:iv . ,i.tiej--;· • ... . manage·memtf1:..-' ot(.\ . 'tht; -::· rl~.I . restru~turing _147-. · ',)::;;:.15,
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.1._,·rne~e. mu~t-be ·a ·decision' to · · .. clos~ ·or ~ea~e.. operation of Jhe . ente.rprise . by . the. management; . 2:. .The decision was made. ifl . good faith; and . . _3: · .Tt)er7 is. l')O . ~ther option · · available to· the employer except .to close or·' cease operations (D.O. No. 147715,
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2019 SAN BEOA LAW CE.NTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS '
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LABOR RE.LA-TI.ONS .
SAf.f.E!cOA LAW Cl;':'fRALIZEO
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BAR dPERATIONS .~ t,,EMORY Atp . Article 302
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of the Labor Code (R.A. No, f0757, Se_c.
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Rule on Miniog'Empl(?y~es (R.A. No .. 10757) · . . An'underqround or a surface. mining employee, upon reaching the aqe o(50 years or more butnot beyond 60 ye13rs (50-6.0)· is· declared the· compulsory · retirement ·age for.. both underqround and surface. _-min.eworkers (R.A. No.'·10757, Sec.?).
RE:rlREMENT FROM SERVl~E
ARTICLE .~oz.:· RETIREMENT : . . Retir.ement' is the resutt of abuaterat act of the
parties.. ·-~ 'voluntary agreement between . Ifie Surface mine workers shall inciude mill .plant employerarid the employee whereby the la't~~r. af.ter·_ workers, electrical, mechanical,· and .tailinqs pond · · reachinq a certain age·,· agrees at-id/or. cohsenls to N . sever his ernploymantwlth the former {f!rion, v. . P.erson:iel (R.A... 0· 10~57, Sec. 2), · .·. · Souih ·.-.pr.1 tlntan. ·Mission . of the .. seventlJ.· Day. · .· Ttie rule ls different with respect to. underground. Adventist Church,·G.R. No. 135136;·May'19,.1.99_9) .. · .. · .· mining employees whose optional retirement age is: • . . • .. • .v- ., • • • · • · 5().:60.provided they have atleast served for .a 'period · Article· 3o'2. appli~s to -all ~niploy_~_e~·'\r.i. ~h~ ,_i,ri~~te ·. ', · of 5 years (LABOR CODE; Art. 31)2, _as emended ·by sect~r, f~~afdless. _o~ 'their ·pos1~~n•. des_1~1)~tlo~,. -, . R.A. No. 8558), . . · s!atus ~n~ 1rr~spect1ve of_the meth_o_d:b'Y,\_'\lhtc~,..t~~~~""·""'~~ · .. ·. . . . . .. . . . . .. w~ge:' ~r~ pald.iexcept !hose specJf1~~11y ~~e~te_d_.. ~ ,,oJnp,f!l~Q[Y~etireme~t :Age below ~O Allo~ed :' .. However, Art_.. 302 does·n~t a!?ply to. (~~). and employee. to.flx the 902 .P.e~~semployer ~. E~~toyees o! t~~- Nat_1~>n!=II ~ov.retn'1J:§fl'l:'1).:- .,its~----·"a---P1:>.JJ{~bt~,f~tir'e~e.'nt age· at below 60 years. 'f_he · political subdiy1s1?i;is, inc)u.d1!),~~i.;-~~.1f..'.~t~_,..~,;,.~e·1s"l~~.i;;1J!fi:id'~~forceable so long .as the ~a~1eS'· . · are covered by C1v11 _ s~.":'1q~~aw.~)?39 ,~~ · ·dl:.- . agre~'tq l:>e:!J~Ve~p~ci by such <;;BA (PantrancoNprtf/ ·. 2.. E¥mpl~ye~s...of :retail, se111~-~f)9I agfculturf.!j · JE.pt.es~.·/n'tJ.-.;tff;Nt.~C,: GR. fl!o. 95940, .July 24., · , ·~stabh_Shll)ents . or:· w.pera~J;!s. · /e_gular:i'y • '19_96}:. t . ~/ ~ ·[{"'\ . . · · · . . . · ~employing ~ot. more tha~ 19, en;uoroye.~~~.JIRR of ·.. \\JI ..s , · . . · ·.. · .. · . the LAB9R. CODE, f?_oofr ·J/, ~·.r.,~ ,.J;:·t~~sjgn·:of St'i\l1cd ~f Retlree · . · ,. . . · ·· ·. · · . · · · tt .r--., ' : · · · · .. · ·-~/ . ~UR"9n-th~ comp.y)l<~EY.'ifJi,tirE!me'ntof an employee or . Kin:ds_of.~etirement ~ch~iln,e~$.,:•~ .· ·.··· .. _'· ..·/~, t~~!Jlllf.;bfficial}jfp;,-t~e 1,lfilBTrcM or private sery.it..e, · !Jis. ,L Co_mpulsory_and con~r:1b~tc5l'\,jlq\~J:l~ k~':?.;:Semplof']le ) 1s .,~ter:!lfa.~.terminated. T~e· mat\?r <;>f . ~· One set up_ by·ag~ee_men,l pef1,e,~.,.tf\~;s!_fYe~!'r#~xte...~~~- f. ser)jc~~suchemployee. or offi91al rs ahd the employees 1n-Cf\~r ot_f.~f~atl1~~~~ti~ :s9u~d discretiorr of e,:riployer . between·. them (o.ther a~p.li~bl,e.mµ,~ym~t:_ I '?-- .. acufJj': Union),v._ Jy/,.RC;· _G.R. · ':"°..·_: 8988~, : ·: contrac.t};,~l"!d · . · · . · . . \ . .'i..~ : ·.~l~~;:;J, , ff 6, )990), :'·. !!' : · . : . : . ::.. ·., ·. : 3 .. On_e. mar ,s. voluntarrJy. 9!ve\,by_the ·.~P.!Qv.iitJ.t;'j:\~i.~ ,~: : · · . expressly as: in ~n ~nnounc~cl:fOf!l~J.!:~PSi]cy~·r,:ro;,e~rt:),o?,apphes only to a s1tuat1on. ~here.:. . , . . or·. impli~cj,l_y: as in, _failt:1re.>to~o.p.t,~l~):-Jtfe'·•·••·••:r:•~~,;,,=ff{r~§'pef°C~.-'.\.ot'bther ~PP.l!,cabl.e em~lp'yment ·. Elf'!li:>l~'YEl.e's: .. claim tor: : ~.etirem~'r!~,_i!eQtfi.t~ r10n_!rj1.clpr.~v1d1ng f()r rE:tire_me.n~ ·ben"'.f,ts for. an · .. (~~rlact> v. ·Reute,:s-:L1m1te~, PHL.,. -(p_~....,J:i,&,,,, . ·- ,.;,,,.,-~e"!'1ployee; or. . . . • . ..... . . .· .· · . 148(542, January:11,200!:;). ... · • ·· · ....,_....., 2 .. There is a...CBA-or ·other apphcable-~mpl9yment · · ·: · , ... · · : . . ·~fltract·.proi[i~fng.,fcir retiremerj.f:15e.r:ie{its set by fi9t·irernent_Ag e· ··.: . ·~·.·. - .. . ·:, ·.·:. ··· ~·_1aW~(Qb(!s.anv!·fNB,'·G . R.'NQ: ~8}1.l,°fJ,.July2?1 · . The a:g~ of .retireme~t _is. that specifiep Jn. thE\. C.BA'or. ·. · · .. 201 O)_, · ·. · · : in.. the employment·. con'tract (LABOR :·CQDE, · Art. · .· . , .• 3Q2).;. · · · · · .. , · · · · Benefit_s , .. ·. . . . . . . ..... · . . · .· · A·_retiree is E!ntitle.d to a retirement pay equivalent to · at -least. Y:z month· salary for eve'ry·year· qt ·service, a . fraction'pf .at·l~ast six (6) .months beir'ig ci;>n~id.~rl:ld 6()..l~ss'·tnan 65 . .Optibnal but the· empitiye_e·mu~t as"bl)e'(-1') . - · · · · · .. -: . whole,year. . .. ·. · .. . _liave· se.i:y~d atl~as.t'5 years·,· less th9'.p,,vtie; ·j,rov.ide .br~~der .inclu~iori~,.the. .. · 65 . ·. cc;mipt.J).sory .; .. _: ·term··.c.112) rri9~th salarf·sl:)all-r:nean 22.5 dc!Xs.per year of service,·.computed as follows:- . . . .-. · .(l_.:ABOR G0DE,.Art. $02). . .. :j. ·15' ~ays.plus (1/12) of th_e 131h .mon~h-pay~:and ' . ·: "Retail· ser.,;irie· - ar)d agri.c~ltura! establishn1ents .or . . · 2. The cash~equiv'alent of ·nof more·than 5. days of · .operation$ employing not more.·than fo employe~s service ·incentive leav~~ · (LAB.OR CODE, Art.· 302)_·-, .. ·. . . . . . .. ·. · .:: . or ·Wor~ers are exempted from the. . • coverage· of :·. ·} . . . . .· . .
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EiFFId 'ii4WR#4swt:"t41¥i ¥J&ii42ftKs4ttri:M#f &IM-H&MUt;.": . . . ;;( Employe·es. who are not entitled to 1311> Mo.nth Pay to those ·specifically exempted (/RR o( R.A.. No. l and Service Incentive Leave Pay while still .working 7641, Ru1e· 11! Sec. 2). . ;;. should riot be paid. the enttre "2·2.5 days" but their i;O retirement pay should be computed ori ttre sole basis Exemption of nls salary· (R&E Trerisport Inc. v. Latag, G.R No. The law does not cover employees of: · (· 155214, Febrtia,-Y13, 2004); · . 1. Retail, service and c)griculturar establishments ' .. I(. . • . . or operations empioyiilg. hot . more . than. to.. Note: ·:rh.e aforementioned case Involves a taxi employees: and · . · . /}, driver- paid on · 'a "boundary- basis"; · however, for 2. Government and its _. political subdlvislons, purposes o_f cJpplylng _the_ l_aw on Sil a.~ well as _on -ineludlnq, GOCC'.s, if they are cover~d·. by the reti~en:ient,_ there ls a c;lifl'ereoc;e between drivers paid · Civil Service Law arrd ltsrequlatlons (/RR ofRA. \,,-. under the "boundary system", and conductors who No. 7641, Rule-It, Sec. 2). · · are paid. ~n commlsslon .basls.. . . · ~•t ~ · .· .. : · .· · · . -When to. Reti're: · . . .. ... ,_r.. •. The- serreno ¥.· Sevetino _Santos Transit . case 1. upon r~ach!ng 'the retirement ~ge established ii). : ·t. involved· a bus conductor paid. on, cemmlsslon 'basis · the-CBA or any other E.rri.ploymenf ~-q11tra~t (/RR .. ;;a -and 'the SC h.~ld )hat_ petitioO:er's., r!,!ti'fehlent pay . of RA.No." 7641, Ruie 11; S.ec. ·3.1-), . '\'·. should includethe.cash equivalent of the 5-day SIL . . . . {· and 1/12.of trie ·13!.;~montt, pay (Serrano v. se·1ter[no · Retirement Benefits - as. he -, may. have. earned Santos·rratjsif:.. N?,. 1B169fJ_~ Au~ust 9, 2010). ,.,_/~ under · existing l~ws. an~ any CBA .and · other ->:...- ·. • • · • . . , . / /).. agreements, provided that. .. . . . . { ·p·obl,k: sch~! .t~achers hav"i~g ful~1!ed the ~ge)ihd'i_,.f~\ · a. It sb~II npt bE;l less._than those prescribed by ,f., ,~erv1e;e requir~n:,e~ts of the_appl1cable · r~tlrerp';:~f .• ·:,··-j\ ·. the Retir~ment Pa)'_ La_w;_and ·. . . . · . / laW:> shall .be. 9!Y.~J.l one. ra.n~~ ~al_ary, ~cJ1se up.91~;, , ·•;) b. · Jf. such .be.nefits·ijre.l.ess, _the em_ploye_r shall -1;,. retirement, ~ich. shall. be :th_e ba~1s .- O~.jt~~- ·',:.u;,:-,,-:;1·.. differe_nc!3·between 'the .amount due· 'f CO[!lP_utation of.the· lump sum_of·the·retn:.el)J;,J;lt pay'<.)' r-r--:-~~Jlmi~n.·the. Retir~ment Pay_ Law 1:1.nd .t.ha_t and. ~t-Je month!Y bene~ts th_ereafter 467~1\.....U · . proyJg'~d under. the CBA or retire.m_~nt.plan ·:. Sec. ?6). , · . . . .))·h:, :'{ .. )~I~~. . ('lo. 7641, Ru/~ II, Sec. 3.2~; tJ&OUt'
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:. :- .Diff~ren~-e. b~.twe~n. Vol~ntary Note:.__lt. al)ei_r j~tei:ition_a!:)d. spirit" ?t .the laW ~o Ret1rem.ent ').'. ·· ·. · · . /../' . . ·,'f t......., · · ~:-s. (1 · give· en;{ploy~rs · ind employees a free '.hand to Voluntary. retir~~erit. ~ut~-:e~~!?,iri:i~rifj;!j~~ _le~~ing':'' - ,,.~~ dele[l;l?f9fl.,,-fl.ll~~~f~~-;ypon.theterm~ and· ccindi~qns. '.\ _np residual.er:n_Pl6yer ha~1hty.t1~vo_lunfar.t_~~t1rerru=;D!;.. r:_J- of _retir($~m~,RH?f~duig .rn a_· CB}\ for ~o~puls~ry · ~- amounts to _a. d!s_ct)atge, renci~~1_qgj(fj~,e,np)eyey ·. {.;1. retjremeritof-eniploye,e_s-after 25 years of.service is _·!fable fd_t' termir1ation, withoot cau_s_er ~~P-!?Yf::~S -1: legal and ~nMrceable, sq_1ong as .th~: parti~s .agte~.le? ~. · int~nti~ th_e Jo<;~I ~o!n_t ofanalys1~. ~~ ,\ . _-.dJ · ·. . . J,:'~f9,.~:\9gt~_rrJed_ by ~uch· .CB~ .. (Pantr~n~~-.: North . . . ·. . , ,. . . . \~ . ,,, -~"" ~ ; Expte-ss, &30. v. NlcRC, .G.R. No. 95940, July 24, In cfoter:~!ni~g. :such -intent:. _the f~.ii:Qe~.s.. 9,r(ij:l'er--.·-:--~-., . 1996/"'-: u-. · . . . . . . '· . . , · proce~s.. :gover.nmg tt"!e. retirement. -~~c1s10/'J''wthe . .. · · . .. . p;;:iyment- of s!jp1.:1ia~ed .ben~fits, a_nd the1?.t:r.~.~ce·of. . 4; Optional · req·uirement . - . in the·: abse·nce of badges of .·intimidation or ,coer.dcin- ar~·:"f~leva_r:it retirement ·plan or CBA· regc;1rding· retirement, pararneter~."_.:Jouevedo,. · .v.C ·. Bengae_t. ·_Eleqtric ·.. ·emfiJloyere'upori·reaching the age of 60 yi:3a'r~ or·. ~CtxJperativ~ Inc., ·G:R. Np: ·168927., SiJptember rt;· . more b·ut'not 't:i_eyorid-~~ years a9d _has ~-~rved at· · 1:..
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. 'Retirem~nt- Benefi"t~. ~ equiva_le'nt :·tq at· 1e.~~t' month salaiy··fpr_eveiy year·ofservice; a f(aetion of . . at least 6 months be.Ing ~Orisider-ed- as-.6ne. whole·. · yea"r:(JRR of R:A: N<>. ~641, Rule II, Se9, ·s.1).'.: . : . :
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. All employees. in the· pfivat~ sector, 1egardless of . their p_ositlon, ~es.ignation: br status. and lrre~pective bf the method· by which their wa~es are, pa!d e?(c~pt
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F6'r· employeeSi. paid by ·re-suits. arid 'do. not have· a . fixed monthly .rate, .. tti'e. b_asi!l· for determination of the salaiy for 15 days shall 'be ·1helr average ·daily salary (ADS);'
2019 SAN'BEDALAW_CENTAAUZ!;':D
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The cash equivalent o.f not more than 5 days · . of service incentive leave; . · 2.5 days. representing (1/1.2) of the 1~1h · month-.pay (IR_R of R.A. No. 7641, Rule II, .
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GSIS __ retirement benefits apply to government employees only. . , 3. ·Th·e·coverage of the Pag-lBIG Fund -may tie · Sec. 5.2);.and · · treated . as -substi~uie requlrement for the Note: . Total of 22.5 days for -every year of · employee.withln the purview of the labor Code. service (Ser,:ano v. Severino Senioe'Trensit, (CHAN, Reviewer on t,abor L:aw, :2016f · · G.R. N~. 18.76~8, Aagust 9, 201"tJ). . · · ·,. . · ·._., . . Cc,n.trib1,1tory ·Retirement Plan . · . . . : · d .. All other benefits that' the, employer · and. B'olh theemployerand the employee contribute to a ·- . · . employee. 'may agr.ee· upon that should· be .. :retirement fund in accordance with ·a CBA or 'other included in fhe . computation of ..the · · employment · ' contract, .. the · · ern"P.loye(s .· total ·. employee's retirement pay:(IRR-"of R.A.- No. contributlonthereto.shouldnot be lesJ than. the total 7641, Rule II, Sec. 5.2).· retirement :.b~neflts.. to ·w,:i°fch·.th~ _err)P.Joye~. would . . . . ha\:(e been':' entitled -had there· 'baan no. such 3. -Compulsory Requirernent > .. upon reaching" the . retlrementfund.. ··· . . . . . ... :·· : ... ·. aqeof 65 (JRR. of R.A. No. 7641, Rule II, Sec: · . · . . . .. · ·:. . .: . :. . . 4.-2). . : ·: . ··: · . : . ·: case is:less th.an ~~-.-~~ID --n~ -· the employer's.contribution . . . . . ~ . . . the .· · . . :· .«lf Tetu:,e~~ · .Qenefits· provided under the law, ~he . Servic~ ~eq~·i.re!lle,:-it · . · • · :··~./'" I\~ :/f!1P;l9yer~~~uld pay. the deficien_c~( . (/RR. · The n:im1m·um _l~ng~~ of service ..of ~~5l,.y~~..;g~~me,Et ?a)(f_aw'.;R_ufe II, S~c .. 3,3): · .. shall· include 'authorized absenc~(.and~)t~gpfiol)S, r: . . · regu~r, holldays and n:iandatorytfeilfil~J!!~of"1]J,ilifar.y"'~rN~~~fi~~!Ji~.orx~etitement.Pla_ri · - .. or_ ci~1c duty '(/RR of.R.A. No_. 7(}jl;f/JR'j_1EJl(l, ~ec. 4Af./J° '~z's an\0XiS!jq~~n~.fi~under "Yhi<;:h. the emploY:er . . . . Ii "'",, L ffi~ ,.may. retrre ;1,.(riJJ?.ICW.ee; · regardless, of age, with Upon reti_remen_tof an emplo{;.;.:,w~efthero .ti~~~~ ' ·; .twent.y_ ~ears. ,·. (2 · AZU.CEN~, _supra . at . compul~Ory, his sery1ces COn\nUe?.__,~r . _~~-1\· l' . · ' ext~nd~d _on_~ ~<;1se to ~s. l??1s1sfl.Jp9n_a€{reerfi~ ~~ · r · · \i~ .'l ~ · .· · · · . of ·U:i¢. employer· and. emp .oy~g;..J.(,RR of ·E?-A- . lf!~\."wirnmriJ!-Pt~::Jni_e. _eqpploye~s .. have .: ?I vestE.ld ·and · 764:1,-.f?'!_le If; ~e~. 4:3).. ~ !,; . . ~ d~'!!~'}P~~~ r_1g?t to :-~}pQr,-co,:,t~ou!ory ·retirement : ·. ·.'·. · · · ·. , v, t,:rf') ~\ ."(~ ~ . ;: ' -~ 11 <£~Ja.n~:?fJle.;..7.mp!9ye~~ynot. unilaterally withdraw, ~et!reme_nt Pl,an_vl$-a-vis ~rtif.em·~.pt. P~y, )i.w · -~ 1~t,:~ij~ij)(~y ·or j.ctimini~1i· ·~ucb- .benefits · (Nestle _A .r~firementplan -in·~ _comijt3~f.P.a,~ake's-t.J:>f~~~-.1. ·"''f,JfjJJe,piijes_,tq~: v,•.N.~"C?;· G.R. No. _91431; February ·rature of, a c~ntract, with .ttf~; e.n:iplo.Y...~r:. ·~9"'~~,...,...~f ). /. · .. _, ,. · · · · · · '· . · · .· · employee i;IS tfle·coritracting·-par,ties: R.A~o.Q.~1· E.·N· ? · · · · ' · ·· , 0.nly applies ,in a ,situatior:i where:~~ _;r '""~..: ..._µ1 ;;;.,- ·i;,,:~.:S;'-...,/< :. . · · . · · · · 1. There·is ·no.q~~ or other ~p·p)icai;~~ ..e~~Yfl"er'i_t--,e.-,="'~~t~f>~4~.E¥EN1:PREROGATIVE .•.. 2.
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. . ..r;t~~;:rbi;d,~g.-.fo,~::t1re_ment;~:. 2. There is-~ G~f\ _or ot~~r· ~ppli.ca~le eniplc;iyr,:ient~i_g~f E~p_fo~~rto Regulati:: -~1. ~~pe_cts of .. ·-. , . . . - 9.ontra~t ·pr.ovic;lio~ for retirement b~nj3fits. for an .. Employm.~~~- · .. .-·_.·. -~. . . . . ... ,_ _. . : ... _.employee, .bµt:iUs belQw. the ·r~quiremerits· set. . .Unde_r .the ,Doctrine· of Manag_ement ::Prerogative; fof by faW.. :• : . . : . . . . . . ." :. · every ernpfoyer ha°S the· inher~tlt Ti(jht to· reg.ulate; ··· · ·. . · · · · ·· . . . . a.ccording to his ·dw11 :di~.tretioo and- judgmerif;- all . · Even.-if the com·pany do~s not inch.id~ ·:1.31h mon~hpay· · . . ·' aspects- :.'oL erriployi:ne.nt;: . incluc!i_ng. hlrj~g; ··. work"". and. servjce ·incentive .feave .. as part:__o{ tf.ie salary assignmefi"ts; WQr~inQ. meth_od~\, the timer, pf ace Bild. b~seJ R.,A. 76;41 dq~s not· apply where. the en:iployee ·. . · .1n·an11er" ·of .. wor~,:·· .work·. supervision, .. tr;:msfer of . recei"ve·s·a' h.,1mp ~i;irn of ( 1 %) m_otitti's· pay per" year . . . · '· emptoyees, )ay.:off_.:of. workers •... and: C,lsd°plin~: · . ofserviee; The corr,pa,ny a.lready grants to its retiring.· .clismfl:lsaf, and 1'~~11 of. empl9yees· (Pet;kson. vs. . . ·, emP.loyee more than what the J<;1w··giyes which is· (Y:.j Robinsons Supermar/fet Corp.; G:R ..· Nd .. 198534, .. man,~ ~~i~ry for. every year of .serviFe. (Ox.ales.:v: .. · · . .July-3;,20f3). ·, . . . . ... . . . . . United f-abor.Ejtories,·_1ric., G.R. No. 1529f}1, Ju!fr21, · · ·· , · 2008). · ·· · · · _The ~mployer t:ias. the rightto:- (Cost-PR)".· · .. ." 1. ~nduct bui:;iiless;~elect"ancl, hire· ~mployees; ~eti_r.e~ei\l ·pay und~r· the.\L,~b-ot · Cod~ . vs. . 2. J/ansfer oi dis.charge employses; . . ., . · ~etiremenf Pay un<Jedhe GSIS, sss,· and PAG-... 3. frescribe rules; and · .··. · · · G · · ... · . , ·· · 4._ Return of inve&tmeiit ana expansion of t:iusine~ . -~.I. SSS·. Retir.ernenf Pay is ·;eparate and· distinct · . · (1 AZUCENA;sµpra. at 28~30)::· ·· ... · .from the retirement pay under the Labor Code, ~ . . . . ·.. . ' ..
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2019 SAN SEDA LAW.CE~TRA.LIZED.BAR bPERATIONS
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· , · guide . the · exercise of. its . rnanaqernent . prerogative to discipline or dismiss· erring . ... employees 'is that·. the policles.. rules : and . · · regulations. on work-related · activities of _the employees must always be {alr.and.'reasonable 'andthe correspondrnq penalties, when . prescribed; should 'be commensurate to the offense involved and. · to the· d~gree of the. infraction· (vtseyen ·Electric . Company
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•, 3. · £ollective. bargain(ng agreements (CSA); . 4. .§mj:>loyer policyor practicerand ·. 5. · Qe'neral · principles of fair· play · and : justice (Mora/esv, Harbour CentrePort Termlriet, tnc.,
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The tight of- the 'employer to dismiss its. erring . 106516; September Z1, ·1999).· .: -, : ·.. · ··· · ernplevees: ls- -a. 'measure. of self-protection . . . . ._ . . . , : (Mau/av.Xia;rex pelivery (=xpress, Inc., G.R'. No . . lt-shoutd be done- in: good faith and with· due:·regwd~~) · 207838,~· Jan.uary _25, . '2017). The Jaw, · in .. Jo the ~ights· oftabor (Unicorn SafetY, G.lass, /nc:1Y:.,~J!~1 · protectlnq the rights-·of the laborer, authorizes · 'Beserte. 'GR.·No. 154689, Noliemb.er·25(2004).i,:,;•1(,f-\:i;) .. neither oppression norselt-destructlcn of the \.\::!~ .... ~ employer, While the constitution is 'committed to· · EXA~ PLES OF ~Af'(AGEMENT Rl~HTSY: · ~l /"; ·:~,, 11.T:.--~he poligx of social justice and the protection· of 1. ·:- Dis'cipline; . . ·. . , . - ', ~ c··l~'l:,.,\~;.W:.!:"th~~~.tkirn,g class, it should not.be supposed that Transfer Employees; J •• • ,.ref..-·. ~~~ry·la1?:9f aispute will b~ ·a~tornatically decide_d 3. .Impose: Productivity Standard; {,;--" · ir-!'favor;tdJ\ia~.or. Managem1;1nt a_lso has its own 4. ~rant .Bbnuse~;· ·. · ·: '>:,.-1.._ ((. . rigl=lts ~s· such, are ~r:ititled to respect and 5. ~h;3nge Working.Hours; . ;-~~J'.~~;:f·. ·.. ' ri .enfor~~rit~m ..the interest of sln:iple fail} play: ;· . . 6: lmpo.se Ruies on Mar.riager,a.iid.,...· · H · Out ~fitsY,con~emfor:' those with less privilege in .,. 7. Pos't-.Employment. Bao S~P"IJ!.ts:381)>·.~.\· lif.,:!(the Co.urt_has. inclined.more often ~.-.··. . . . . ; . ·. . , .. - ''(ti-:· the worker and 1.,1phelq · his DlSCl~LINE. . . ·. . · ·~\-..~. :#%?~~;,: ..A;{J '. ~ 1·j C?US~~eonflic_ts with '.h~ .etJ:iployer .. ~uch . The :nght or. preroga_ti.ve to d1sc1plin~cov1rr~ t~e. · .. il . · f<:1vorit1sm, however;.has not blin_d~d the Court to. [ folk>""!ng: (DDf P_I_)'. . · .. · \~ .. !~b~-ttile t~at justice .. i~.: ln.·ev~ry cas?, ·fo.r the · 1. · Right to ..Qrsc1phne; .. . ~!JJ'· · ·.J.:.,./!,,~~,>li.~es~rvmg, .to be d1sp~nsed·m the light. of Jhe · · .. '2. Right to .Qismiss;. .... •. , .. -~:ir' ·, · r.'<;.;F~..::.:.!;.~es-1ab~hed · facts·, and' applicable law.·:and · ,. ~.: Hight to.' dete.rajirie Who .tp ,eunish;\it ~ .'/ '( ' • . ·!~ case .~f·c;o~ffict!;i'.ar.i~in'g·.b~~e~il em.ployer's ( .. 1 .... ~!ght to· [?iscipl,irie:· . :· '·. , . . . : ./ . . .management prerogative :and · the em'pl9yees' . f. · G1v~s empl(?Y.ers ~the 'freedonf .to · regulate, 'right ·security tenure', the··. lattEir takes .. ~ccording :to:ttfe)r..discr~tion and b.est judgment, ~recederce. . '· . . alf.. ~.:$pects:· of .e·mployment,: :.. in.qluding.' .wbrk. assigqment, "'fOrkiog mefho.c;ls; prqcesses· to ,b,13. .. employer's manageme.nt _prerogative i(,IC[Udes .. .followed,·. working·.: regulations · transfer·· -e>f . the· right ~o termi,:i~te:the.sei:vice.s of.the employee; ·:: employees, wor~· supervision, ·1~y-'off Qf worki:irs:, but"'this maric!geme:nt J?r~rogativeJS' 'liJ"!liled by'the a.ncl· the' · .di'scipline; . dismi~$a·I and·: reqall ·· Labor .Code which provide~. ttiat'the .emplpyer._can workers.. -In · geh~ral, . rnanagen:,.ent_ : ~as. the . ._ ·. · · terminate an employee only a Jt,J~tcause or·wMn prerqgative to :cliscipl!ne. its E!IJ1Ptriyees and. ~o . . authorized by law: This lir:nitation is bec·ause no'less ·. ·fmpose·appfopriatE:rpenalties·on erring, workers· . · than the Co_nstitu'tjon recog·nizes. a.nd· guarant~es . ... .': pijrsuarit ,tq. .COfJ'lpahy,. ri;,les; and' .regul~tions. · :employee's right .to. s.e.curity. of' tenure (J,ABOR · .(Qele~. J,:. y. NLRG, ..G.R. No.)21348, .Ma:ch9,.. ·. ·cof)E, Art. 294;·CONST,Art. XIII, Sec.·3): . . ·
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prescribed therein. This is dictated by logic, otherwise, the. rules, literally applied, would result in · absurdity; :grave offenses (e.g .• rape) wo'i.ild be penalized · by mere suspension, .thls,' despite the ·heavier- penalty provided therefor by the labor Code or. otherwise dictated by .-c.ommon sense (Stanford Microsystems,. Irie. v: 'NLRC; G.R. No.' L-741'87, Jam1ary 28,.. 1988):. .. · · ·
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Right .to · P.rescribe.. Company . Rules . and Regulations . · . . . . .The preroqatlve of-. an: empl9y~r to prescribe . reasonable rules and regulations necessary or ... proper· forfhe conduct" ·of its ". business 'and to· .provlde certain aiscipfinary measures in order to . implement 'said· rules and' to "assure that the . 'same wot.ii~ .. be complied .wit)l . has . been: . , recognized in·this-i1;1r:isd1~·tia~.,(si:tuke's M~dica! . Center, 'tno. . V, SfJr'lcti,ez, G:S. No. ·. 212054, .. Mar~h 11, 20~5)-."
or EMPLOYEES: It is a manaqement prerogative totranster or assiqn employees from' one office· or area of operation Jo ..another,' provided there is no.demotlon .in rank'. or .dimlnution of salary.ibeneflts, 'and 'ether privileges,. · · .. and the actlon is not motivated . by· dlscrirnutatton, 5:. . Right to. Impose..Penally . ·.. . .. .· . . , ·. made ~ in . : bad .. faith, or effected. · as·: a. form . of .. ··n1e:employer- may la\Nfully impose appropriate punisbment ot demotion without sufficient' cause. : . · penalties · on erring ·.w~rkers,. pursuant to its . Should the employer.fail to overcome this burden ·of · · · : ·. . · company rules ·and reg·u1ation.s. and· subject !.9.-:~--;;:.:P!90f,the employee's transfer .shall be tantamount · the "proportioneiityrule" (Pfril[ppine.Ai1iJl-e~fnc.1f ·t~ ~sJ_ru~tive_ dismjssal (Ph_arma'Cia. and .Upjohq, .· v. NLRG,·G:_R, No--11.578~, Augos_JA[?Oq~.;., · _fltJ.c[vt/'A7£5aY.._ff,_a;Jr., .G.R. No.· 1.!2724, August 23, TRANSFER
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. -Proportlorrality Rule·· · ·, f.(· '\),~~,,__.,= . · --~~~ :~<;,· .. : · · '. · . .· . Infractions committed by an ell}J::ldyef ,s/~~l~,,iner1t-"'~r-aa~~~~~nsiipovementfrom one positi.on to · .only'the corresp0I:Jding sa_ncti,lf)i)_Cg~TJf-fdef' by t~~ ·aP.Othe~_r, f eqy~v.~111i~/ank,.lever or salar}Y, without a ci~cum~tance~: Ttie penalty rr,i'u'st~~·;P..mi'n~.nsuraf~.. ':~teak in: he._~~,ryice..(G!ec~-Co/a $ottler_sPhilippines, . wit~ t~e. ~r.av1ty of the.. of(eAre,.th~.f.ct ... ~~-~~ct..or· ~t~,.;.lnc,v.. p I Villa\ @Jf?°JNp,1o3091;bctober 6, 2010). o.m1Ss1on .. 1mputed to the·~n;{p~~el!and·,~pos(;l,. '!1 !I : · \ ~\\ .'_ . , ' ... conn~ctii::>n'witt, the'~mp_loyf-:s:e:li$wplinary~autn'~'9'";:!I (t:z..,.he'-'prer.ogative:lt\J' tran)ter is, broad to inclu~e the· .. ·(Manila 'Memoria! P/;lrk Ce/p~J.w:tk!nc. v,:::'fanal1~~~(')flowin/.,;_E._r~rog.?tive!j Jihat involv:e ·m'ovement~ 9!°·· .G.R. No. 167118;· June 15, ~60~)-.: ~ · (Ji\ , '. :;::1--·~ r,ersonr,r,1:;,.wPo, J ·~roga'ti.ve-::-.;'to .·:Reorganize; (Tinio- .v. · . .-Note: Th~ rriatt~r of imp~fiJ~J f~e. ·a~~~~iat · /,1,'_,4!}.y disc.rit11lriatlon ..9r made ir:, ·,baq:faith.or · cc;>r-1tinua .iii e,riP.loyme.nt a. P.er~on who~e·.1ack of effecteq as._a· form·;of punishment .. or :dem.otion. ·rnorals, l'e$pe.ct,~nd·1oyalty. to' hi~ ~mployer, rega_rd. · · . without s·ufflci~nka.u~e·(Ph~rtnacTct.?uJcfUpjohn;· 1nc. for hi~ err)ploy_ei:'~· r~les, .. 'and,appteciation of the. .v. Albayda,.Jr., G.R.-No. 172.724,.August 23, 2010). dignity 'and responsibility of his office, ha~..so. p!ainly . . . : .. .. . - ·. . ·and· completely been ·barred. C.ornpany r.ules. ar.id · ·ComnJiti"r)ent · made ·:by the ·employee · iA · the· r-e'gu)atiQOS'Ca'nnot Qperate to altqgeth~i""negate _th~ ·. employment co,ntract to.be··re-.assigned anywhere in · employer's prerogative · and' responsibility to . the Phjlippines is binding on him (Pharmacia and' d~termine and· .declare ·whether or ·not facts not . Upjotin1. fnc. v.· (',lbayda,. Jr., G.R: No.. '172,724,. ~xplic.itly set' out \ri tt:ie rules' ml:iy·_and;:_do c9nstitl,Jte . August 23, 2010). · such 'serious miscondi,Jct as:-to.justify the dismis~I·. of· _the employee ·or the ··rmP,ositio.n of sanctions· . :heavier· 'lhan .-those s~e'Ciflc'ally :and. expressly· ..
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Some Instances Where Refusal to Transfer Is :valid .. .: 1.· Refusal to transfer to overseas assignment; (Allied B.anking Corporation vs. CA, G. R. No. · ·144412, November 18; 2003); and· 2. Refusal to .. transfer consequent .fo promotion . (Dosch v, NL'RC; G.R. No. L-51182 - Juiy 5,
Prerogative to.Demote Demotion involves a situation where an employee . is . reregated to a subordinate . or less. important position constltutinq a 'reduction to a lower' grade or rank with a corresponding 'decrease in duties and· .responslblntles 'and . us1,1ally .- accompanied by '. a
in
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2. Transfer.from a highly technical position to' one r_equiring mechanical work; and ·3. Chang_~ ii') workplace (ex: 'trenster from· the
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Preroqatlvs -to Promote . . . · . . . . ·. ~.:;:.). · Promotion- 1S' the advancement from one pos1t109~t6':..:,:,lt . . . ·· , another . -involving> increase · in '. duties /anc(/~''\, Instances of V~l!cl Demotion: responsibi!iiie_s as a~thorized. by l_aw)in~. usy~ur:.: :~;'.~ · 1. · Fai!l!~e to obS'?JV~ proper ~_iligence in his work accompanied by anincrease. in. ·?or:ipensc1t1on 'a~~11 .. ,,./_,,.,.:-:i~nd ·!n~~i;re~ h~b1t~al _tar?mess and absence~ benefits .(Coca-Cola Bottlers Pht/Jppme.s. ln<;,:r:yf.'Df!l" ~,.;.;.d:.,,:_..,~t!?t).~tfple.n.~.ein. his assigned work_ (Petroph1I
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lmplemenfation c5f a °)pb evaluatioi) ·program or a reorganization is, valid for c:!:s long_~$· ii is _notconfrary. to . law, · morals or .. public.· policy. (Hongkong and Shanghai B~nkin'g CCorporation Employees .Union v. ·rvLRC, G.R. No:• 125038, NovelJ')ber 6, 1997)and it. is carried out in go"od faith (SCA Hygiene Product::;, .Qorp, Employees P.,ssoc.-FFW_ 'v. SCA Hygiene Pr9ducts Corp., G,.R. No. 182877, Aug'!st 9, 2010).
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Prci~;19g.,:;~~?tes<./~. ::~ . seal~_ asC~Qt);Of '\1.t\ .'. u! . "-.... ·~*~"~,;,:,.,:,,' · · ·, . · . office· ·.r;~~i:D-~!oyeelq •. _.: !.'.,J The. en,,plo~fias the. p.rerqga!1ve to prescribe the anoth~e·r,r.ie.siit'ion·-~+.. ·,gher" .. ~;/ sJanda.rds. of product1_v1ty wh.1ch the employees . . ,~, . 'fil' "· . , ., b Id I'· -Th · d r ·t r d d b either.in r~nk or saJary ·. - r~:~·~'-if.·,·.?P campy ... e pro. uc 1v1 Y s an ar s may e . . _1')_'::..-f;.:::. A~'':\ usethbyJheemploy.er as: . . . · . . . .. . . .J{·.y · . ,,(?:.,,.~.f.'.!:$~1i!lif'l'A'.i:jf-i~htiv·e scheme· and/or·. .. .. . . .,,. /'' ~ · ·· · • · · : . . ·. A··qi_sciplinaiy~cheme.(CHAN. supra-at390) ..
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Right R~fuse ..~romoti.on . . . . There ··is AQ. law which compels :an employee to ·. accep~ a ·pr9motion. pror.notion is in '•the nature of a· gift or: reward .. Any per.s.ori nii:,1y refuse.to accept a gift . _: or reward. Such refusal to promoted _is a 'valid' . ex,ercis'l;l· of -such right. 81_1~. he cannot 'be. punished. tt,er,efor (Erasm.o \v. f-fome · fnsuran-ce :&, Guaranty , Corporation, G.B_. No.;13945,1, 2002). ' . . . . ......::... . August.29, . ..
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the p~oductiYity,standards or-quota ate'usually. given '.·' additional.benefits.(ld.)... · · · As · a disciplinary schEime; employe°es may be. . : . sa·nctioned' or dismissed for failure to meet the .· productivity standar,ps or.:quq.ta (Id.).. · . Note: In ·appropriate cases;, the DOLE i.rit_ervenes, · mo,tu proprio ot upon the_ friiti.atlve .of any interested · partY., :to ·_establish. productivity standa~ds (CHl!,N, - · · supra··at 392)-. ·
Not~: An ·employee cannot he .pio.~oted, eve,n ·ir· . ··. .. . . merely ~s.a result of transfer; without his.consent.. · A. transfer that result~- in .prorriqtjon or demotion, . . : ·. : ~tanaard Outp~t Rates O"r Piece Rates . advancement or reduclio'n or a transfer that aims·to . The standard _output . rates or piece. rates sl)aU be lure the employee away.from .his permanen~ position'. determined through any of _the following procedures: cannot. be· done -:with9ut his consent (PH Telegraph . .1. Time and-motion studies; . . &.: Telephone Co_rp. · .v. QA, _G.R No. 152057, 2-.· · An individual/collective agreement between the Septe_rry.ber29, 2003)_. . ei:nployer · and its worker$. as approved hy the DOLE Secretary. or· his ·.. authorized ·representative~· or
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. Note: The. employer shall basically prescribe the output rates in work paid by results. He. may prescribe it himself or secure first the prior approval of the DOLE (Id.).. .
3. Consultation wjtl:i representatives pf employers'. and· workers' orqanizations , in a ..tripartite conference called by the DOLE. Secre,tary(Id.). Time and Motion .Studies The: time and' motion study. is the more scientific and preferred method.The basis for the establishment of rates for 'plece, output or' contract. work· is· -the performance of an ordinary worker of minimum skill ability (/RR of the Labor Code, Book Ill, Rule VII-· A, Section.5(b)). . . '
If the. output rates are prescribed solely by the employer and the. same do not conforrn with. the
standards prescribed-under the lmplementinq rules, .or ' with· the rates· prescribed by the DOLE in · an·
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dlfference+between 'the -amcuntwhlctr they. are entitled to. 'receive under such prescribed standards · An ordlnary worker of. minlrnum' sk'ii1.or atii.litY. is the . or rates 'and that actually paid . to them · by t('le · · averaqe worker :ot,; the towest' producing, group . ~mpl~}_'er flRR of the Lebor Code, Book' l~f,. Rul_e VII-, · representing. 50.%.,c;>f tr.i.e total number 'of employees -~· Sec. 5(d)): . · . . enqaqed in 'sirtiilar employment in .a· ··particul;u . ' . establishment, excludinq learners, .apprentices .andMoreover,. if ..by multiplying the rate. per. pleee as handicapped workers employed therein (/RR of the determined by the employer-without the.app~ov~I ?f . l.ebor Code Book III Rule.Vll:A· Sec. -S(c)). . -=--- t~e DOLE and the actual output of th~: vyorke~ paid • ' • ' '. r , . • ,.;,-r-::="'~-. --. --:py,,r.e.~w_ts,the amount a,r:rlvep at conforms .wrth or In the .case of homeworkers, .th~ ti~epa_i{a'rj!otion l~rfee,f}s~.f.'Q~.sta1_ytc:i_ry minimu_m wag~, (hen sue~ .studles should be undertakerrby the l:JO.l"l='JR~giori,...a.1:r-:~~r~~r .sb"o~r~ece_1ve such higher a~.~unt... But 1f .: Ottis~ having jurisdiction _ovel\ t~~t!PO _ef?·~the · · afte~'-~~';!CJ:r90l\'-ij.4!~tron, ~h~.-~mount arrived a_t 1~_ress · premises , !JSed. r-egular.ly by ~e, ~OP,l/~i:Js.~r/~"4:~~Jt_ 11'1~·-~~t~Nt~~ mm~rnu~ wage,_. then, t_he :However! where the job operay1:>~j~f'l~ity;.isbeir.i~· ."'1f' J,rnployr· 0~1-~,.\P€l~ ~he drffer~nc~. ~n -ord,er _to likewise performed. by regularlactor~~ork!r~at ttle ~!~. ~Isure ?\(he statutory_ m1n1mum wage f~ct?ry or prem_ises of the {r\,~-~?Y~·._the·.~-~e_ahd,..1:.:~ (CHAN~~~-ra\~~J:'i . . motr~>n stu_dtes sho_~ld be .. c~.~]_1,1.~tEi,oby_ t!Je ~O~,.:.9j~NT .i30NU~ '\="A)~ .·. · ... . . Reg1or;icil _Q!fl~e havr~g Juns~1~tJer;iJ:,ver·thEi loc~~C_ilt"J.!gr,Y.s an a~1c;i.u~t_:g~ar'ltedar.id p~id ex gra,tia to : o~ the marn un_derta~mg or .bp~ps~_.oft~e ~~plox.er~tf):e_ emy o:y~e. · 1w!; anj~c~ of. gE:nerosity-_grented by ,.· P1~c~ rates .estabhs~ed -tfl~o.crgb1Wn~\~~~i.:t-e.n~g ~eF. ed)":.l!lPJ~f" r. to spur the emp!pyee ·to· ·. s,t~dres_con.ducted at.the foct0~0l\ITT~!0Wj~~~m~~J·l·~r,i;~ei,~: rts f.of1ff~ uccess of the b\Jsiness ai:id of th~ . efr!player. s~all . ~- ..a~p~~abt~.9}.Jhia ~-t~i~WiiJi~ of ~igger,~tofits·:(Pr9ducersBa'nk of the . ~0mework~r~ perform1119 the \ame_;JO a~.tl~9V~b_..E?.t..5.I. · ·. ,P)..!}jp'lj)f1e.s Yj NLRC/G.R, Nq: 100701, March· 28, s.tan~a_l'.d.:p1ece·raJe sh~ll.!).e 1isu"':?· ~,_the,90~...,,.~ .2~·0},., .. / j · . .· . · ,, · . . Regiona! Offic;~ ~1thin 1_ month',~ter a.re-q_~~e.sUf~~ffi"\l:'>- ·./< · , .u ·. . .· ·. ·- . . .bee~. m~~.e a_t s_a_1d office. L!pon ·r-eq~e~_t09n1:t:~.._qL.:ir. ,-_ . ..--_.,..~n'!]e.rti'ag_~61eand Enforceab!e . ·. · , . R~gronal C?ff•c_e, t~e Bure.au of w_~r'Rw.1~d1t19~-=-~qp,vtt\staJdjJ1g. the tac~ that ;a ~onus. does not fom:i , (BWC) s~all P(Ov1de ass1s,~nce m tl)e,;.~~rd.~d of , A Ji. fptf"<>!~-.f.wageor· salary of tne employees·, it _;,u~h ~tud.1es (/RR ,of t}Je Lap9r C~~e;- .SookNt~~~Y£~t.Y!£.~.&~fl'jes oem.afldable and enfo.rqeabl_ew:iderany of Vfl-A, Se_c. 7) ·. · . ·-.. · · · , · . { · .· . ,. :the. followin~ circui::nstances: · . .. · . · :·. · · · · ' . · · 1. When Jt'i.s.slip_µ t~ted in 'an e111ployrhen~ contract . Ali~we:d Time . . . . · .. . or CJ3A {CHA/Ysupra at 39.5);_.· ·. . : . , · .· In· inc~ntlve \"{;:ige. system;'-.tqe nµ_mber 9f-.mim1tes·· . • 2. When the grant.of bonus 1s ·a company p9licy or · ~l)owed for.tool carE!, personal·.needs and:fatigue, ·is·--:. practic·e. (Mai-cos v.. t:J.LRC,. G.R: No. 1.11714 •. · added t.o operating time in'.e~_tablishingj9~standa~ds ·. Sepfember-8; 1995); · ·. .. • · or. ''task" as a Qasis for determining p·iece. r~tes ·or ;. ·. 3. Wh0·n. ·· it ·. is· · gra.nt.ed . as ·. a.n ~ additiorfal ·. incentive·bonus:(CHAN,.supra _a~ 393) .. · , .. cqmpen.sation whictr. the· emplc;:iyer. agreed ·to. . , · give· w_ith9ut any. condition .(Atok ·Big .W~dge · · · · Bai;.e Rate · . , Mining Co. v.. Atok Big Wedge Mutual.Benefit' I~.· incentive· ·wa9e . .system,·. the,. r.a~~· for_ -the Association, G.R:No.. L-5275, .Marc!J·3, 1f}q3). ,• - • I, • • • established task or job standard' production is. called · .. Note: Whe.riconsidered as part ofthe compensation. ~'base·. rat~'." The base rate .,u's'ually .·_repres~nt.s,th.e . . ,.: and; therefore, demand~ble ·.and enforceaple,' the_ 100% · basis for measuring ,the ince.ntive bonus·. It is .used',to··'desc;rib:e the regular .rate for· time· : am.ount·'is-u.?.ually fi.X$d. · But if. the. amol!nt 'bf bonus . ·· is depen.dent upon the reaiization of profits, \he . worked·which . .Js·t~e est;:iblishe~ 113te per .hour for t_he . bonus· Is not deniandabl_e:and er\for:c:eabre(Protacio assigned.job, expl.usive of extras re~ultlng fro.n:i merit. · · · y. L~ya Mananghaya &' Co., G.R. No. 168654, March or. ser:vice increflse or .overtlmE!, ~rt1o'ng_pthers (Id,).·
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The Bona Fide Occupational· Qualification Rule : · ·onc:;e. · .an · employee · is · found. : guilty of· an· (Bt=OQ) and its pertinent provistons under 'the :: administrative charqe.: he shall' forfeit his: bonus in Labor Code · · . favor of the employer (CHAN, -supra at 395). · BFOQ means that employment in particular jobs ~{ · . . - . . . . . · · may. not be limited to 'peraofis of a particular sex, it> CHANG~ OF WORKING.HOURS religion, or national origin unless the employer can :{ ··Employer~ have· the' freedom and preroqative;. show that.sex, religion, or national oriqlnisan actual ~- ·aceording 'to their discretion 'and best judgment, to qualification for' performing the job (Yrasuegu( v. · ( _regulate and control t.he time when-workers should PAL; G.R. No. 168081; October 17,.2008)... · · ;,,. report for Work and perform their· respective . , functlons .(PAL v, NLRC, :GR No. 115785, August Prohibited-Acts i'· 4; 2000).. . . . . It shall be -uni.awful for an employer .to any ·of the ~ · foJlowing_acts: · . . · ,~ RULES 'QN MARRiAc;;E; BETWE.~NE'M PLOYEES · 1. To' deny any_ woman employee .the benefits · OR, G9Ml?ET!TORJ;MPLOY~E$ . · . provided for in this Chapter or to diseharqe an}'t!,f>' of .a reas~~?le"(~usm.ess necessity.. T~e Ja1l.~re _to The. SC r.uled that this- st1p0Jat19.~;1s·a vahij:c1~erc1si:1- (,,\ prove a·j~g111iriat9ilpus1ness.concern. m 1mpo.smg an of managem:ent prerogati:--e. 'lf'i~J>~oh~~lH~': ag~instll !:•·! ~mp~o_t!i~p~f~y -~fflnnot yrejudi_ce th~ e~~loyee's person~! ·or·r:iaotal _relat!onsl:i\{l~W1tJ:t·em1j19Yee&:._~{_ nght·:cf~, SW'arb1trary d1scri~matlon ba~ed .{;_.. compet1tor-co_ll')Pa(lles up~n 'WL ~!_t.f,Hl?~eesP-;l.~ . t,,j . up~m st~.rre..Q.t_yp:es··_-~f mamed persons working .... reasonable un.d.er the. cirt;umslan~s···!·becau$,e... L7 tqgether m one. company (Star Paper .Corp .. v. relatidnships'n-at1 agreerl'!ent w_ith the ·employee for certainmanuf~cturing'..formulas, mark_eting str.ategles arid prohibition~ to take' effect ·a1ter 'the' termination of ~ ·qther . confidential : programs . and -information their etnployer-empl.oyee relationship.· . ~. · .(l).imcanAssociation·of Defallman-PTGWOv. Glaxo· The folh,:iwing stip~lations·in an employmeht contract t Weffcorr;,e·.:Philippines;= 1np;, G.R._ ·No .. 162994, are·.musfrativ~ 'Of _th~ prohibltiqns-hormally agreed'.$epterhber 17, 2004). · · ·. · upon by the e1J1ployer and the ~mploye_e:· . . ·1. Non~Co.tnpete:orNi:i,n-lnv.olvern~nt Clause; Wheh Role is.NdtValid . . . · 2 .. .'Forfeitu·rEi'-for~competitio·nClause or. Art.: 1':34 'ofthe Labor-Code considers· as an unlawful ·:Conwensation_-for-CompetitionClause; act. of the .employer _to ,stipulate, 'condilon"Ot'· 3: Garden-Leave'Ciause; .. emproyn:ie.nt-·or. .contin!Jatiori of ~mployrnent, that a.:· · 4. Confidenti~lity·a.nd Non,DisclosureClause; .. worn#iri employee shaWnot get mafried, or tt,at up·on. 5. N9n-Solicitation.Clause; · ·· · .. ·. .· ·: · · . · ge.tting: married, .. a .Wb_man ·employee· shall be 6.: Non-Recruitment or--Anti-Piracy ClqUSE;l; and· deemed.;'re'~igned or: separated. ']t is likewis~· :an · ... 7. lnvi'mtions· Assignment Clause (lntef/ectuaf.' · !,!nli,iM,!-11 act of.t~e employ~_r,'.to ac_tually dismiss., Properly Clause) (CHAlj_ _..si.Jpra at 399). discharge, dlscriniinatei or· otherwise prejl,Jdice a woman .employee merely by reqso·n bf her. marri1:1ge· .. Non~Co~p~te or No~-lnyol"'.ement.Clause.. (/RR: of the· L.aoor ·code; Book II/, .Rule XII, The e·mploy~~ and the employee are free to stipulate .13(e);· Guall;)erlo· y. Marinduque · '/\,1ining tndustri~I in an employment contract prohibiting the employ~e Corporation,-~'.R. No;J52'75_3-R, :June 28; 1978). withif"l a certain period from and after the _termination . . ·_, of hi~ ~rnp1~yl11ent, fro~: .
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1. _Starting a .slrnllar buslness; wofession or trade; . or ·. . · ·· 2. Working in an. entity that is engaged in. ·a 'similar . business that might competewith the ernployer-. -~). . . . Legal · Basis for the Non-Compete or .Non,lnvolvement. Clause . . . . · Art, 1306 of the Civil Code provides-that parties to a· . contract- may establish such stlpulatlons, clauses,· terms and conditions as they may deem. convenient, . provided theyare not contrary to law, morals; ·good . . customs, public order, orpubljc policy (CiVIL CODE,
Co.nfi~ential1ty .and Non-Dlsctosure Clause '. The confidentiality and · non-disclosure clause reflects the commitment. of 'the employee that he . shall not, either during the ·period of his empioyment · 'with the employer-or at any time thereafter, use or . . disclose to a!ly person, .firm ~r corporation !')ny . information' concerning _the business or. affairs of his· employment; for his own benefit or-to the detriment .. . ofthe employer (CHAI'{, s1,1pra_at 404). . . ';
Noh,-Solicitatiori Clause ·. To protect the legitimate business interests of the employer, including· its business relatlonshlps, "the Art. 1306). . . . . employee -under : tnts .. clause,'. may, directly or ' . indirectly. be -prohfblted . from- soliciting or · Article 1159 of thejsame .Code also provides .that approachlnq, or accept ·any business. from any' obligations arising from contracts have the force of. . personor entity whoshalt.at any time within a fixed · law between- the eontractinq parties and should be 'period precedlnqthe termination ofNs employment; complied with iri good faith. Courts cannot s~ipul_?J2..,.-..:.--=--=~~~ebee_n:- · , · . .- · . . - for the parties nor amend 'their agreement ;;v.J:lere"the y T J)\~"-'cli_ent,talent, producer, desiqner, pro_grammer, same does not· contravene law, .rqprals, !~ood (_; .'\{distri~qr. merchandiser, or· advertiser of the custo_m_s. public order or_p~b.lic pol,i,91,~r't<;>};l~J?.!b'"""'=-=r.~~~-CJ>mt~ri.y;\~ .: . . . . · would be to alter the real intent .,9~i?n in an employment"i$~nt~"'}.-wljrclfxa;,;~e<J_nj~rf~~~l'itn dr 9n behalf of.any other person .- ~equjtes _-th~ paym_1:m~- by_ the- employ~~f..A~m.e__ · M· · l.ffC1r._Aif.J~§JJP:aat "405): .· . · _amount of mon·ey to h1s·former er:nployer ·!n~er4!r to .. . ,-,:_.,.-,,.~ ·.-. · ·. . . ··. · . . · .engage in competitive employm~nt-or activities.,afffi'f=-.•"'4n've_ntipnsA~s1gl"!ment Cla.use (l11tellectual termination of his em·ployment. ThisJs also kno.wn as ·· Prqp·ei::tyClaul,e) . .. . . · . .. . . a. '.'clawbac::k'.'-provisio_n' (Id.).'. ·~ · Irr industries engaged .ir-.-re.search c:1nd 'dev~lopment · · ·-- · · ·. · ·· . and related. activities; .. t_his .cl9us~ · i'Elqi,ilres. the . Garden-Leave-Clause ' ·. .. . · employee·; ·within a .certain period; '.to disclose:-in · It ·is a :variant of the n'oii-compete agreement. Under confidence to 'the employer and its subsjpiaries aiid · --. -this p'~ovision, ·an: er:nployee.who -has 'left his _wqrk .. · t;· assign·· ·a11 ·i.nventions,. •ir:nprevemeiits/ desigt-is~ either. by reason of termination or resign"c;1tion is . _: ·original. wqrkif ·ot authorship; formulas,: .processes, bound to stay at home .o~· in. ~is. "garderl' during· the ·. . ~on:ir:fos\tiqhs .. of mai_ter', . computer . software' garden-leave period .at whiGh time; he cori.t[nue~ to' .. . programs,. _ _- dat;:ibas.~s. m·ask .. -..ycirks and trade receive all his sa'iaries and benefits but is·proiiibited. .. . '.secrets,' whether o.r not patentable·. copyrightable .ot from commencing employment with new e~ployers . - pro.tectible . as. trade . s_ecrejs_. (coll~di,vely; ..the until · this -period .:has elapsed. He thus rl:lrriains : "Inventions"); which the employee m·ay solely ·or . . · . s(!bjec~ to a.IL the strictures pf his· forn,e_r employer as 'jointly conceiv~ or dl:lvelop· or reduce. to pra:ctice, or .· . if he-is.still urider employrnentwitt-1 the latter. · cause .to tie'.conc~i'.-ed de:,,eloped ·or reduced to . · · · · ptactJce, during .. the pE!riod of' his employi:nent with .. The· term "garden lec,1iie'; is based .. on . the· old~ ·the employer (Id.) ... · fashioned: and ,;1ttractive idea that the employee will be· paid his salarie$ and benefits while he tends to his "garden" at home _(Id.). .
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FLOW OF DISCUSSION I. Voluntary Modes of Dispute Resolution . , A. . G~ievance .. M~chinery and . Voluntary· Arbitration · B. Single Entry Approach (SEnA) II. Labor Arbiter (LA) ·111. National Labor and. Relations Commission (NLRC) . . . . IV. 2011 NLRC Rules of Procedure V. Bureau of.LaborRelaticns VI. Department bf Labor andEmployment · · A: Regional Oirector . . B. Secretary.of Labor and Employment · .. VII. Judicial Review of Labor Rulings .... A. Court of Appeals B. Supreme C.ourt Viii. Prescription of Offenses
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Determine Existence of. Er-Ee Relationship: (LDMS) 1:· .babor Arbiters and NLRC (LABOR CODE, Art 217); _ · . 2. · QOLE Secretary arid DOL.~ Regional Director; · Note: Ttie.determin!3tion by the DOLE Secretary . and the DOLE Regional · Director · of the existence of the Er-Ee relationship in the exercise of their visitorial and enforcement power under Art. 128.(b) otthe Labor Code is to the. exclusion cit the LA and the NLRC (People's Br9~.dcastin_qService (f3omb.oRadyo PHL,:fnc.) . v. Secreteryoi DpLE, G.f.?. No. 1]9652, Merer: _6, w12J. ·. · ·
Me.d-Arbiter · (M. Y. StJir Biscuits, Inc.. v, Lagtlesma, G.R. No. 95011, April 22, 1991);.and 4 ... .§o-cial Security Commission . (Republic v. Asiepro .· Cooperative, G.R. ·No. 172101,
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• · .. . . · · _ . . . _ · 1;~:i/t\1,\1.;4 Labor ArQiters, May Exerc1.se Juti~diction In the Existence of Employer-Employee .(Erleey.-.,1~~,d Abs~hce of.an Er~Ee Relatlonshlp Relationship .· . . .- . . ·. ', _· ;,_V !>: '\f.,J[r:FA7'"SeaJ~rer,,f:?thq has. already. signed. a POEAThe_ exi~!ence.. of !=r~EEf relationship ben,yi-ef"if!!"ti{~:)'r,..-·-appi:0.>J.~13~ployment.contract - but·: was not part1es~,11t1ga~ts, .o~.a ~eas~r,~bl~ ~au~,~~c[n~~ct1o)J"\.}j depJ?yed ?v19~~.~a~.an~; therefore, the~~ 1.s r= l;r-~e to such retationshlp, IS-a JUrtSdJCftoncff.~flf/lSJ(e tgr_>:::..-'lj . relabonsht~?~~ filehis mo~et_ar~ C!a.JmS case with the exercise of jurisdiction ov:e.r: a 1.~~9l ~!~R-1J:te By· the.~~: TIJ)s !f ~~cau~~ the ,iunsdictior:i.of !~e ~ is the _1:.A or· any. other labor ttib\Jftats '(G:"fj!fN17 BaJ_ · not lim,te/t? .~rau~_sans~r:ig fror;n. Er-Ee rela_t1?nsh,1p~ .' Reylewer O? Lab.or Law_ (2017.)f:P.;.j 64:J}'[fbreinafte"A:, .J-.r{ . Under .~rct.10~·1.0 qf R.~. ~~-. 8.042, as am~nd~d. the CHAN, Reviewer]. . . \•~;;;~ «-:=~Jv-}i:.. ~- .: . 1·!'1 LA r.Jt~¥~'i,,e,'.i~~G~s~t!}!;!psd1ct1on .over. ~he c~a1tns of . . , . · ,, · . -;;.,,....,,;•( .-:)•\ r;!'1. OFWs~q,r~~mg~ol.tt;;.ot an. Er-Ee: relat1onsh1p or by .Reasonable Cal!sal Connectiohi'~u~?_yt~t · .vi~ue· of~nt"i~w _or· contract in.vtjlvjng· filipino: Unde~ .the , reasonable·.'causal. co'f.l~tion,)l.ule • ..-fit: .. ~prket~ for overseas deployment, ind(lding claims the:re ,s· a reasonable causal ~orin.e~tio,l~§Ji.¢en the _ :1,:~:~tcm:~3Wal, mo~ar.•. exemplary, and other ·.f<;>rlTI. .of Clc!tm ?iSserted and the .Er£e relat1on~·1:i_1p,·then,tb,erE~~;.~;:im,f}W..E§anlt~Q.O v.. CF SharpCrew Management, case is wit-hin the juri'sdiction oflabor~ourts.;;ip.)tie · lnc.,-G.R:No .. 16241{}, July 10, 20Q"1). · . absence. of suet,- nexus, .it is the rwul$lr~Q!Jfttthaf. . .La~~r Arbiteq, Jµrisdiction .. ov·er.~laims Filec(by. · have jurisdiction (PH Airlfnes, lri.c., ·v.. AiffJn·~<:Pilots o~~~ - . .· . Association·of. the Philippfne~ ·G.R... No,' -200088; . Labor· Arbiters have }urisdiction over any and all February 2_6, 2018).· . . . . '~ . . disputes or. corittoversies.arising out of or by virtue: of Jhe contract, even if·the:case is ·filed by the_heli's
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EXECUTIVE'COMMIT.fEE. SUBJEGTCOM,MITTEE' MEMBERs'· ' ADVISERS. MARY CYRIEi.r,' C SUMANQUJ KRISTIN/I. . I;>.· CABUGAO JOHN ·BENEDICT M_RIVERA, :· ATTY. . JOYRICH . M.'. Over:a/J Chairperson, · Eru.C.i\ . ·SubJ,ct Chair, ViC,TOR ~NNER -RAJEEN JILLIAN D. B~CA,. . GOLAN~O. Atty. MARiON j: MAE C. VIST/\ "Chalrperso'n for S. · G.AtANG Assista,:it Subject · CHRJSTIAN. MARIE LYNN P. MA.NUEL and 'A"fTY. PETER- ',Acqdemics, .. BEN_· - JIB( ·. E:.. Chair, ·Mis~ :\l· QCCIANO· .. SOUS, JOANNA PATRJCIA.·R. JOEY.B .. USITA . . BARBERO Chairperson:for I:Iotel Subject . Electronic . Data PADIUD, SIJ,PH:ANIE·-NICOLE Operations, JHE[SEA LOtJ!SE B. Processing; . NATHANAEL A... M. II.AC.AP, and ANN' MARY'· :OIMAANO Vici Chaitperson for Q{,TfJANO!,abor ..Stdndards; BE/I.. MICHELLE B. RU.ALO ·. - . Secre'tariat, EARL JUSTIN' M. . PATRICIAG.I'.>ANGAZOL
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JU.Rl·S·DI.CTlON AND. REMED1ES ·
sAN BWA LAW CENTRALIZEDBAR OPERAT/ONS - M~MORY.AJO2'(?19.
. of the· ·OFW becaus·e, as heirs, they have the personality to file for death compensation· (Me,dline
Labor Relations Disputes: (TRO-BC) a. Employment ·Ienure disputes (e.g., nonreqularization o( employees, illeg91 · Managerrie[lt, · inc. v:· Roslinda, G.R. No .. 168715; termination, non-issuance of. employment Septem.l)er·15, .2010). contract); . · Labor Disputes. art! NOT .Subject to Barangay b. Representation : disputes · (e.q., Concltlatlon' · · . ·· . determination of the collective l;>i;irgaihing. · Labdr 'casestare . not· subject to the -conciliation unit, l.JLP, .. ,strike, uncertainty · .as to proceedings. prescribed under-. P.o: No. 1508 determmatlon -of "the 'soter and .exclusive requiring . tbe 'suomlssion" of . disputes. before the bargaining. agent of-.'the employees fri an Barangay.Lupo,:,g Tf,lgapayapa 'pt,lor" to thetr filing. . . appropriate tiargairiing unit which is the with the. court of other governinerit offices because .1t majority untonj..: ' . : . . . would only. dupllcate th'~:. conentauon proceedings C, Qrga.nizatiohal 'right dispute/unfair labor . and undulydelay the disposltlon of tabor cases. It is prac~ice··{l)LP). (e.q., coercion, restraint ·or ·, the Bureau 'and its _d).visioris which are Vested with jnterfererioe In unloqlzation' efforts, reprisal ·· original . and .. exclusive [urisdlctlon .. to· conduct . · or.idlscrirninatleri 'due -to union· activities, . conclliatlon · a.nd medlatlori · proce.ed_ihgs on. tabor . company unionism);· · · · · ·· · controversies- 'before its adjudicatlon · (Montoya. v. d. .!;!ai'gainifig disputes (e.g-.; refusal to' !;iargain Escay.d, G.R: Nos.'82211~12, .March 21; 1989).· '~"';.,;.==<:,;, . (l:JL.P); bargaining deadlock, economic N. """°.z,,.~strikeor lockout): and '. · . .. : · La.bar Dispute includes anicontrov~r~~cfr·~er !l . ~~.,?~l?'ht._fact admini~trati0n orpersonnst policy . ·conceming;: .·. .' .. · . . . di'SQ\:l,le\\·.(~.g., noncompliance .IA!it/:l. CBA 1. Terms. o~ conditions of ~mpl~}'f9t'1t~f~/~·.:;_. · · · . ~.,j"~~b~\ (U.LP· if g_r
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' Test or:~riteria o.f L~bo.r. D1~9yt.~1\\ ·. \~~, :~.·,,· :· ~~ Ii.~~·. . . . · • 1. · .As to. Nature~ Whether~a...M1spqfe ar~~-Qtri~ ff,&~~~~fa,uoin,. If ·. · · ·. · . . . ~mployer-ei:hplo.y.ee: . ret@tionshlf?., ~!Wo t{= ~ ~~j!~~p,1al_A 10.n;, · / ·· · . . . ·· ,:. . ..· · .-. · -.... · dispu.t~nt~he·ed n?t · be. prci~Jl'!iatel~ei:nJ:)1~=~,e"·~""" .4""1~!r151tra~,. :'· ()"olu,!3~~'Y; o'. C~mpu~.sory);. . . or "~mpJoyer". of the other. "' . ~.-~~.··. S~l_ . rt.:r:,t4s~~W,~tlon··:ofj~fllidrct1~n, · · . 2.-' As .to su.bject-i:natter::Whetf:\_~r 1t' .in,.l'..,Q!ves. )i'~_l..8\:~~"P~~.h;>~ ... /'. · · · , · , .· . con~erns t~r.ms,. co.nditions · of .e'qi.pk?YQ;(~~i:S;~-..,,~9,··:~~{'G•hJ{i19));· · , . . '. ... : .. .· repr~sent~t1.on (2 AZU(!EN~, Th~"t!.'fl.fp(f!R.de 1, 4,1\,0\~~~~1se f.gr,eement.,.. ·:with Comments and Cases.'(211'16), at.f!~ 1VIu:11;.:>:s.~mficat1onto ~!.;l:~C; . . _ :.·. · · · . . .. . · . . · · · · . . ·. ·. · .. -=.:=::;;:::t-r.'Enforcemenfor £ompliance Ord~r: , . . . Note:·.~ven the. qi:ie~tiqn.'of e.mplc:iy.er-empfoyee: ... : 13_, ~eit!fi~tion.of :~a_rgaining."(2AZUc;JEN~; ·s~pra / . ·relationship can-be ~nsidered a'~labor dtsplit~.H ' • • , at. 27- 24).· • , • , : .'. ' ' • ··.- : . . . ' It ls.:·within.)h~ jurisdiction or' NLR.C,':n.ot".the' -.,. '\. .......... , ·regular courts· (San .M/gU'e/ ·Cqrp:. Emp,Joye.(!s ' · . · Uhion-PT~WO. v... Bersi}mira, .G,R. Nb: "87700, . · June .1 S,.'1 f)!)O).
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Typ~~ of Labor Dis~ti°tes .:
GRIEVANCE MACH:fNiRY AND. . ·VOLUNJ'ARY ARBITRA:TIO.~· .......
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. , .. . a. WorRirig conditions·. (~.g;, unrectified work . h~ards); · · , · :· . · ·. · . b. . .!;!en'efits (e.g., nonpayment of holiday p~y. .overtime p~y ·or ott:ier beriefits);,and. . c. ~o'rr1perisatfon. (~:g,, . underpayment· .. of. ·n,\n[ml,lm. Wage, .stringent. OL!tpul. qu9ta, illegal pay deductions)'(2 AZUCENA,; supta . ·
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ARTICLE. 273: GRIEVANCE. MACHINERY. AND .
VOLUNTARY AR.E~iTR.ATlbN
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· Constitutional· Basis · · · . The provision!> in. ·tlie L~bor Code on .~rievam~e .' rnachJnery,,vqluntary arbitration and other modes of . dis.pute settlement· have· a ·strong .constitutional· ··,basis.·. ·
186 1 • 2019 SAN BEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS
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·. . SAN BE:DA. ~W.CE:NTRA~~ED BAR .OPERATIONS - ME:~ORY AID :to,9 · ZNl1DPMDNM5!MW#H YIMi,43& . I ES ¥ iWIF561Mtt6W
. . . The State is mandated lo "promote .the principle of {\,hared · responsibility betw~er.i workers . anq · l.1:- employers and the preferential use· of voluntary ::>modes in· setUiJig disputes, "including conciliation, . +_·and shall enforce their mu~u_;:iJ compliance therewith .f,:"' to fostet industrial peace". {C.ONST.Art. XIII, Seq. 3) ..
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. arbitration as the terminal· step. The g~ievance procedure provides . the· parties a first crack in add.ressing problems· in,the CBA i;ldn:iinistration and its use is. ar:i essential requisite before a voluntary arbitrator. 9an .take cognizance cif the unresolved grievance. It u~ually con~ists of a multi-step procedure· st~rting: from or· discussion 'of the ~:: ·This 91.Jarantee. In .·t.tie. Constituti~n -i~ in ad~ition to: .. · . . grievance betweei) .the employee and/or the Union ·steward . on fhe one-hand an"d the foreman and . ·:. 'the mandate that "the State shall. afford. full t.:· protection to; labor, local and overseas, orqanized . . sup~Nisor -on .the other h.and; and. ending with the highest."d~cision-making·_ officials of the ·company, ~'- 'and unorganized, and. promote "full employment and · · ·r equality of employment . opportunities . for .al!" . reflectihg the hierarchy of.command or respon"sibility (CON$T. Ari: ~Ill, Sec-B}, . .. . . .. · (f,/CMB -Pdmer on. ···Grievance Settlement -and ~- . . .· . · :. Volur'ltary'Arbitration).· · · ., · · · ?_ :fhe. Labor C~e is clear that "it ls .the policy ~f:the°_ ( · State to promote and. emphasize. the primacy of free · . Nature of Grievanc~ Procedure collective l?argaining · and negotiations, · _i_ncludin_g . · It ls a "must" provisioritri aQy·_CBAand no agreement ,'$- · voluntary .arbitratlon, rnediatlon and conciliation, · as . carrbe _registered in the absence of such procedure; {,, modes of settling 'labor or industrfal disputes. ll is. in other words, it is .rnandatory (NCMB Primer on J .. likewise the polloy .of the State to' provide adequate <"....._ . · Grievance Settlementand VoluntaryArbitration): · · -:_;,'.: administrative . machlnery for" ·. the expeditioi:J(>:~:i·. . . . ... . . ·. . . . . . . /; .. settlement of labor· or industrial disputes" :(LAB~,F,t\,:~:.\ Note: ·. Waiver of grievance machinery procedure ::,- 9.0D_P,Art. 218). · ·. · . . ... (';,... '" ~-,:;-_~{ does. not.arnount to a· relinquishment of employee's ,J . : · . ·. · ·· · . · \l /:;.~; ~.,v.;.·_r.,tjQhlto av,.ail of voruntary arbitration (Ap_a/isok v. \ · _S~bject M_atter : · · . .. ·. .,..,~ G1'.:J;~.'!: _. ...&.i!!.._b·f.?!fl.~!JP,.twork RedloStetion, GR. No. 1'38<]94, The followinq.are _cases ~h,c_h._mu.~t bej,1.~,µ0seq- of~· 1J . May 2_g:;,20e;a~: . , · . ,:. by the Labor .Arbiter by· referring the·1}ame to the c......: ;~: wtevance machinery .an_d "voluritary a?tNr.~tfon:. J;i:'","'"\ CBA Prov;tiwns SubJ.ed of .Grievance Machinery ~: .1. Disp1,1tes on.:the interpre!ation _?-!:J,,Pf<>le°!-Pmfatjbn 1 .. Econo~jP -~f no.ri.-po!)tical provisio.ns which ~· o.~ ~J3A; and· . ~ .. · ·.. !~i4., · havf dir~ct_,nd me':'surable·_ monetc'.!'r.Y cost. , ff 2.. -Drsi:utes on_ the 1_r;iterprE:t~t§:l'_l.>Or e.~9r.F9ment_~. c~')~equ~~~~{, -such as wagf: rates,. paid :i'f ... company p_e_rsonryel pphc1~!r'f20;J;f·~1,::,f.CRl:fL.~t. ~~~-'1~-99-~,w~e.·~~n~,health .and welfare plans, . of_ proqed1:1re; ·Rule_. V,- S(;c. f;{J;.g>30, 2,c,ta~. · ,.~:. . a_naiot_l;rer:fobgebenefjts;·and· ·. . .· . ame1:ded)1h_ereinafter NLRC't-f~k§SJ\\ · ). · · l}i , 2_. Non~economic .or politi~-~~ provisions wh9se : . . . · \'. . ~·,) . · I,:~~- ,:non.~tary cost"cannot be-d1rec_tly computed such ., GRIEVANCE MACHINE~Y .. . t">,~;fi.'-1· . ·:. 1._~;_\.)~_~:;-tJ1i i:10-stri_ke-no.-:lock9ut, union s_ecf..lrity,. (¥ . .,(,:.-:~·•·•;!.~~:m"ar1!39ement. ·_-security, .·· check-off . clauses., Grievance re.fers 'to any. ·question hteitl;jer~,;the grievan·ce proc;~dures, etc. (NCMB Primer on· .. employ~'r or the· u·~ion regarc;ling: (CPV)f~it"··~ Grievance . ·. Setti~infJnt , and.. . Voluntary .~· 1. The interpr.0tation or irriplementatiOri'iOf· ariy ·. ·.. Arb~fr.ation). "· provision.of Uie'~BA; . . :· .- · · . · : . . · ·.. · 2. lnterpr(;ltation or .. er:iforcemeot, of ··company · : No.te: Vicifati<ms of e"ither 'provision· of-t!Je"CBA "'· f~rsohnel pciiicles; or . . . ·, . rna_y constitute. a grievance and is often referred 3. ~i.olatio_n ·ot. ~ny provis.iohs:_ of th1t CBA or . to _·.a_s rig"hts dis'pute (NC.MB Primer. on t,.' cqmpany -personn.el · policies (/RR of· LABQR . · GrifJvarice . Si!tffernen( . - _and Voluntary ~:. . GbDE, Book \I, Rule XIX, Sec.. 1,: as ·a(.riended Ar_bitration)', .. . ... . by D~O. ·N_o._ 40-03): ·: '. ·.· · ., . . . ~r.:. ·. •. ! . .: When the violation . of. the CBA consists in ( . Gri!3vance .. M.achinery is. ·a. mechanism for ·the· : · . flagrant an El/or m_a.liciou'siefusa~ to comply :with the ·economic. provisions, ·the sarrie shall be -adjust_m~_nt of to_n.t~6~ersiesor _disJ?utes ~rising from. treatecfas ~n unfair labo"r prc:1dice act and shall· ::. ·. · the,-interpretation or irnplem~ntation of the CBA and . . not be treated. _as a. grievable. · issue -"(LA.BOR the interpr.etat1on··: ol" enforc~ment. ··of. company · COOP, Art. 274). . . . ': per~onrtel poJi~ie_s {JRR· o( LABOR·9QDE,. BooR V, · RIJ/fJ XIX,.'Sec. 1, as amend~d by D. O~ · No., 4.a-03). · . ! ~~ . . ~ . ~y-p1:1s_sin~ the_ Grievance. Machinery: 't)L:P ·· .General R.ule: Before an· aggrieved ·employeef"may Grievanc'~-P·rocedure is' th~ serie~. of fo~al steps .resort to _th:e COUrtS to enf(!rCe his individu"al. rights. tf)at. partfes 'tq .. a C_BA agreed to take fot the under a bargaining contract,. the· employee mu~t ·adjustment of grle~~nees or questions·arisin1;i o!Jt or' exhaust .. all·. the remedies ava"ilable under sucli the interpretation or implementation of th'e C~A or contract.. The· court ·sho.uld no, entertain any compan"y person.nel . P(?liCles includin'g voluntary_ · t~
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~019 SAN SEDA-LAW CENTRALIZED BAA OPERATIONS
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."JURI-SJ>ICTI.O.N, AND REMEDIE·s . ~
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B~r;>A LAW'CENTRAllZED DAR .OPERATIONS- MEMORY AID 2019
arrived at after .the management and the. union through their respective representatives conducted negotiations. in accordance with the CSA (Octavio v,
complaint by an aggrieved"employ~e until, proper use has been -mace of the contract grievance procedure agreed upon by. ~he employer and the bargaining representative: (2. AZUCENA, supre at 537).
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PLDT, G.R.-No. ·1_75492, February.27,-2013).
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Elevation of Grievance to. Voluntary Arbi.tration· . All gri'evan~es· submitted to the grievance machinery . which are not 'settled within 7 calendar days from the 'date of their- submission. for resolution should . automatically b.e 'referred to voluntary arbitration ~rescribed.in the' CBA (LA"BOR CODE, Art. 273}' ..
·.~xceptions: . . . 1. · Whe)1 the griev.ance machinery is.proverr to be -Jneffective in the past; or · .... : · 2... When. the. partles inadvertently failed to ihc.ll:ide a grieva_rice machinery provision hi their CBA (2 :A_ZUCENA,"sup_raat '[538):" '··. · .. .- · .,' .:
Note:' .-Only after.'· exhaustlnq -all·· the. internal· . . Absence of Grievanc~..Machll,l~ry fo· t'he CBA . · procedure :and only after the lapse of the 7 calendar ·. · 111 the absence.o'r- applicable pfovisi.6n in the CBA;" .a clay period · shoo Id unsettled:" or unadjusted .grievanc~ cornrnitteeshall be created with1n·'1,0.days grievanc~s be automatically referred to. v.oluntary from signing· of the- CBA.'_ The committee shall 'be '. arbitration · enunciated in · the CBA (CHAN,· composed. of at least 2 rspresentatlves each from . REVIE,WER, s_upra 7~2)... · the· members of the· bargaih.ing unit 'and ··the ..=;;,;.--~-· . · . · · . . · · .· · 'employer; ·unle~~- otherwise ·agree~ by th~p~!~s.·11J· ~rOf:~~!.!~ein Sub,mitting_ Unresolved Gri·eva~ces .· The representatives from:among ~he m~p-i:ber~1~{Jhe ~- '. -J&.4-rbt_tr<1l1o~ · · · ·· .,: bargaining unit· shall be .·designate~(tR-(\l ~nj~":""-=~ ·q{{he{~~~[Tlay_serve. notice upon the other of · (!RR of LAB(?_R C_ODE,. Book V, f!u.lo/XIX.~J;::-17 as . . · -. . "''lts.'.'~-c:!s_i,9!'(."tp~ubmit..the i~sue to voluntary amended ~y No. 40-~3): .dh'""-~~t1qp:1i~~~van~erernams unresqlv_ed. . . .. . . . . tf-1,,..)'"j ,., .. '!I n:t /A . ·~r~ T~h ,"'Flf:-, "t-. . . . . . Procedure m Handlin~ Gf1e~ance_l;',{ .:· .ff . ·. J.r: .a°\l.. Note;~.n.,0t1c1; 5;rould: . . . :· .· ~ene'rally, provisions of· t~~r cs¢. shall : appl~.J'~C · a. · ~tate tt:t.eQ_efsye~t_o be arbitrated~ and · ,. ·· However, in tt.ie ·absence ofj~sfre'ijifjc privisi6'h-m--f,.-.-"""E>:-:-Be furni~ned_.to1the.NCMB, VA or panel of tfie. C6A or .ex.is~ir\gc~~pan~~fae:~_~eptesc[ibiri~;fj>'t;~ I ·t:;__,~t1hearb1.trat1on_proceedmgs.-. . . ·. employee's fmmed_faf~ ._superviso'f:..~d..;s · op. "?tJ(_ l) st~wc!rd, 1~e ·employee a,:id · his· ·fmi't-1 ·,1gJe · Ivl~. ~Jf;,p:a1fie:sfail to select·a·vA o(panel .of VA, the . · · ·. ·su~rvisor: -~hail · ,exert : 13fforts ·_to settle·· f~~~ regional:tiran.ch o~ tt-ie 1',JCMB .shalldesign·ate.the. . . · gr'iev?'nce.at thelr.level. ·. '. . . . ·· · _ _. . · . . · ·: --'iiA or parlel of VA;-~u6h de_sighatiqli shall'tiave 3: . · If no· s·e~tlementis rec!ched, ~th~ :grievar.ice _shall the .~ame··fQ~ce and ·ett~ct as· if the pa~i~s· have .. ·be referred ·10 'the grievance committee .which · selected the VA themselves. .... · :· : ·· .shall have 10 days t.~-decJde the _c~ie (!RR ? tA80R COPE, Book~V; .Rule ~(X:, Sec: 2;. as·. .~: Orice brouglil to voluntar{arbitratio.n, addifional .. amendeclby·o.-Q. No. 40,:0$). · .. ·. ·. ·. · . · . issues other than the.·.grievance .itself be ~- . Where ·grievance remains . i.m"resolv~d •. either ... i:i,iised "(NCMB PrifrJer 'ori. 'Grif!Vancl;,' Machinery: :. party" may serve:·. Mlle~~ upon trfe ot~~r ·pf_ its : .arid Volun'taryArbitration).. · · · · · d~cision _to submit -th~-· iss1.i'e-· to .volur:itary ·· . . . ·· .'-, ,.-· . . .· · · , -·arbitri3ti"9_ri ((IRR·of L.ABOR',COOE, B09k y';. Rule · Dir.ect Elevation of ·Grie'v.ance'toVA · . · ·. Xl:K; Sec. 3, as'amended. by'D.0.-No. 40-0$), · :· :: General R'ule: Elevation. of.. an .i§sue- subject to· .' . . . .. . .. ····grievance •' mi;ide ·.directly· ·to' voluntary arb.ttration . Validity and' •.BlndJng Effe.ct· of De_clsio'ns.· of' .without c;oursing if tt:irougl),the grievanqe mact.iinery . Grievance. Committee. . . . . under the CBA 'is P.rolJibited bydhe Labor Co'de (2 A metnbe:r°of the bargaining wiibn"who.brou·ght his AZU~E!"A, supra at-5:38).:· .· _;.. ·. ,· . . :-· ... _grfevable issue for resolution by the Grievance ·,' ·.Coh11'\11ttee is·· bound by ·W..h.at.ever disposition the ~~epti'ons: . . . .latter may render, Said -resolution ,is a prod,uct--of.the 1. -Estoppal, .either because' of failure .'to ,qu'estiongrieyanee procedure outlin~d. in· their CBA. It "".85 the jurisdiction· of the ·'Labor Arbiter (Phili.J!lare
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'2019 SAN BEbA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR.OPER(>.TIONS ·.-·.··
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JUR·ISDIC·TIQN AND REMED.IES SAN BEDA LAW CENTflALIZED BAR_ OPERATIONS·-·MEMORY AID 2019 ..
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Shipping·& Equipment Supply, Inc. v. NLRC, G.R. Np. 129764, Decemqer. 23, 1999), or by actively participating in the proceedings (Centra,J Rangasinan Electric· Cooperative, Inc. · v. Macaraeg, G:R. No: 145800, January 22, 2003). Upon· i;lgreement ··of the parties. ~~ :provide.d under Art: 275 9f· the labor. Code (A'lipasok v. . . · RaC:lio Philippihes Network, G.R. No. 138094, .,t: · · · "-May .29, 2003). · ·
Voluntary Arbitration refers.·to the mode of·settling. labor-management disputes by which the· parties select a competent, trained and. impartial. person who shall decide oh "the- merits· of. the case and whose... decisions is. final,. executory ·- and unappealable (NCMB. Procedural Guidelines· in the Conduct. of \iotuntar.yArbitration dated ·october 15,.. 2904; RULE II, . Sec.1 (d)) [hereinafter., NCMB GUIDELINES).
;~;- Note: Before ·a. party is allowed to seek the ,.:-;"· intervenfion of the·court, it is a precoriditiori that ·he . ' . "should >have. availed . of. all the ·means ot ~~: admini"stratfve ;proces~es 'afforded. him (Octavio· v. · .PLOT.· ·G.R No." 175492; Fe_bruar-y'p, 2013). ·
Volu~tary Arbitrator .~efer~ to: :(NORA)·· · 1. · Any person Nam'ed or designated in the .CBAby the· parties .si.S their VA; · :, ·: · · · · · 2. . Qne chosen by "the parties· With or without the . . assistance of the NeMB, pursuant toa'selection . . · procedure.agreed uponln the CB.A;"·: ·3. ·one appointed by th~ !'JCMB in case. either of the.· parties to· the · CBA Befus·es ·to submit to · : .voluntary arbltration; or · .· .. · . · . 4. Any person. who: has been 8ccredited· by tlie· · NCMB as euch (NCMB GUIDELINES, RULE 11; : Sec. 1 (ej). · ·· · · : . · ',. ·,· · · <. .'
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DL$!QdS of ~p_l;~mtary Afbitra.tors . . . ': . ··..• . . ·;,/f.';':...:...:1:,_"-:~~tr.:ia.rjept._Arbjtr~lors - those VA specifically . named·9-npesignated in the'CBA by the parties; · , . · Created pursuant .to the Created t1'u_ri;~anJ.. t9 -2 2·. Ad-~o~~ti~itrators - tho~e VA ch_o~~n b_y-lhe constitutional · . · . · (ight the .· tb&s11tut1ona_r, ~". part1~~f 'ri· · accordance. with the estabhsh~d gta~t~d ~-to;: wor.~ers·.. tq. rri~nq~te__f:~ ~0:2-;;.?ttfe l;{ . · procE;_§(u~~in\ the CBA .. or one· appointed by the · · p:M!c.!pate_.in_. policy and pr,_f7;e~tia_l-_;us~·?~---· i;; \ :. ·. NCM,,B (rfM"l;J.GIJIDELINE;S, Rule II'. seo: 1(e)}. decision-rriaklnq . . . . ve~o}?fY·~odes •. '':'' " I :'l. . . . ~....._:..JL · .... ·: . -, . . . . · . processes. . of. • tlie seJtlingb11ippmes; .. · · · ~~-; A ho_lde_r <;>fa-'~ach~lo~·sdec;Jr.e~_(tyCMB Revised_. ');.,,!•.(;_.] -~·Gttidelin~s in the·Acc((;!dit;;Jtionand_De-Lfstlngof . t.h.e.te·. isf¢re~.dW1~e·".:.'.'-~-"-':V&tb'~ryArbitra!ors, 8_(1)~; · . · ·. ·· . · .· · . Prey_enfivem·easyre · · occur.rencel. o~r~; a 3. At leas.t ye!=lrS .of e~penence ·.in the field of grfevarice,-"~;!ii:.:\ for · h')du.stria_l~elc:iti"o~s; . . · . .. . , . · .adjudicatiq_n. ~ . :· · 4, · No _ pend(n~ cn_m1nal : c:;a.se 1~vo1y_mg,. ~oral · . .. ·. ·.. : · · turp1~ude ·(NCMB · Revised Gwdelmes In the -Accreditation, · De.:Accreditation i3hd De-Usting . . ··~ of Voluntary Arbitfators,.. B:1," ..as·. ainend_ed.by No·~djudici}tory power ... .Has.·.' :-=ttie· . · po~er · · to Resolutton N.o. 1, series.of 201-7); and · .. · · adjydi~te and. resolve ..... · 5, Corrtpletion.. of -training on ..Voluntary ·arbitration grie"'.ances: · ~ · · conducted· .by "the . N"cMB . (NCMB Re'vised . -· G·uidelines the Aecreditationand De-Osting of . . · ART1cLe. 274: JuR1soicT10N·'oi= voi.:.uN.tARv VoluntaryArbitrators;·B (3)): ' . _QR. P-~_Ei- ·-oF \ioLiJNTARY :V~luntary· Ar6itratc>1'as: Qu~si~t,1di~ial Agef!¢Y. A Voluntary Arbitrator, .whether a~ting ·{ol~ly or in ·a . ·-VOLUNTARY ARBrI:BATION. · pari~I. enjoys_.the status of a .quasFjudfcial agency . · Co1_11pplsoi'y_ 'Arbitration· i_s .the pro9es.s.· of· . (Luzon- Deve1opment Bank v. "A$s6ciation pf l,..uzon. selt)e1J1ent ,.of la.bor-. disputes by a- governmer.it De.ve/oprrient Bank Empioyees, G.R. No.' 120319; agency which has the authority to invei:ltigate and· (?ctober 6;·1'995): · · · make award binding 'on all the parties. Under the ·. ·. Labor Code, it is the Labor Arbiter who· is ·clothed · Voluntar.y Arbitrator v. IY.ledjator · with .t~-~ · authorlty to (?6ndact _compul~ory arbi.tra"tiQn ·A medlafor is a disinterested third -party-who helps on cases··involving term.inatiori disputes (PH Airlfnes,." · . setfie .disputes !nvo"lving ierms, and· i::onditjons ofa · G,R. December 22, 1.989). . C.~A. ·He is assign~d-and paid"by the· $tale and is not . . . Inc. . v. NLR.C, . . No. . . 55159, . . . . . . . '::· ;',1
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All Wage· distortion is~ues arising from the application. of . wage . orders .in organized . . · establishments;·and . 4 .. All ... unresolved ·grievances ·arising· .fr<:>m the interpretatic;m and. implementaUon of . the .fr09uctivity incentive prpgra·ms under RA 6971 (NCMB GUIDELINES;Rule ,v,··sec. 1). . .
selected' by the parties. He renders no final and biriding decision, but . rTJerely SlJgg'e'sts solutions. . Voluntary arbitrators have no tenure of office a11d . . are not politically appointed or elected, Their primary · function is to provide for .a process. for the orderly ·disposition ofdisputes and a foundation-for'statile' labor~management relations (CHAN, Reviewer, · ._supra, at 780). · · · ·
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. ·N~te: Productivlty incentive program . refers .to a formal'agreement voluntarlly.established by DUTIES .ANO POWERS OF A VOl,.U~TARY the labor-management.committee containlnq a ARl;UT.RATOR · productivity Jmprovement .proqrarn: that :wm · Duties · pr<;>tnote. gainful emplcyment, improve wcirki!lg 1, . Duty to Conciliate and· Mediate . .. 'conditions', maintain industrial peace and result · 'The arbitrator shall exert best. efforts. or mediate in increased productivity: inc.ludi.rig costsavlnqs, · to . ald .the .parties in _reachin·g: :!=! .voluntary .· .. as well a"s a p/oc:j1,1ctivity.gain sharing proqrarn. · settlement of the dispute, .before.' proceeding, , . ·:·(NCMB;GVIDELINE$,.RuleJl,.Sec. 1. (m)). with arbltration .(NCMB GUIDELlNES, Rule V, J • d.• t' .. f v , t . · A b:; · · ·· · 2 Sec: 1). · ' ... . . ·;.. · '. _....=-.,c.·.:, uqs IC ion .. o . o1 un ~ry ~r 1trnt9r.s: (.U VO·· 2. Du.tyto .Encouraqe the Parties to Entel"''iiilo 1( ru~J~ . . .. . .:· . Stlpulatio_n of .Facts. . .·-. /7 ~\_ · ~~ J-~.f:1-R,f~QJVe? . gp1::var;ice.s ~ns1~g frorr-i . the The .arbitrator shall encourage ~fli(Parti~s.i·:!g.==--.ii:,~ ~ 'iJcef1?fefatipn or- implementation ~f .. th.e CSA enter lnto a stipulation of fa,9~to 'fc!1!itcf~- a,' . · ~~B..,QFt9.~,jf,~rt. 274);, . . . . speedy disposition of casesfstfdtt._~~~-eJ?,§rtJe~-2.---.,.~.¥n(e~)¥e.'~ >1grievances ansing from the fail to reach a voluntarylf;teJtl~m~ht,1NC.MfiJ. ""jr·. ..r'iitefpretal!_~\'\t en:orce~~rit · of company GUIDELINES,Rule V, se'i:.iJ~~)/f. ·: ·Jr)·~ Y{ P~r.sp.~nE!~g'tic1e\_(LABO~ COf?E, Art: 27:J,); . !:¢''\ ::3'. . YrolctJ.ions f{'f rt~~ ti;BA-wh!Ch. are ~ot g~o~s m Powers . 1~.·-=,,. 4 · t ~L'%~J;iar.ic.ter (~fi!O'kf;.ODE_, Art. 274), .The voluntary arbitrato.r s~al.~~{~ tlie \olldwJlih J:', t.:-4:i!~·~he~ labor\ ~is'ff~J'.rs,. (ncludi.ng ·u'nfair. Jabor powers,-(RSTJ) ~A.kit . .- - .'\ , {1:-f'.~-~praiice_sa!i1-'t1.._.~~ga_,.rnng. deadlocks1.. upon 1. Bequi~e any ~erson to a~tenei._~~?ri01f@)\_(::., ~:'.~-- a~:,"·~f';l~ . ithose arising from ttie intel'prefatiorfor enforcement.' d. gnsure: satisfactioii· of-.· deci&i~n·. (NCMB. , . of company personnel policies (LABOR CODE, Art. . Gl.,J.JDELI~~~·Rule V, Seo.'3). ?74): ·_" ... : . . ·. , _ '. : . ,
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JURISDICTION 'OF VOLUN.TARY AR!31TRAT.O.R ·Ex~JLisive and.. Origin·a1 Jurisdiction·. . ·· . · .' · ·The Voluntary arQifrator shall exercise exclusive c:tnd . o_riginal jurisdiction over:c?ses involving: (CP.-WP) . .' ~, All · unresolyed grievance~ arising· from the · interpretation'or implementation of.~BA;_ . ' . 2. All . unresolve.cl ·grievances :arising · trom .the irnp!emenfation . or. enforcement· "of ·company personnel folicies; · ·
.. Vipl~tiQri,S of .CSA·,-extept thos_e.:whichare'gro::is io . character, shall no longer:be:tr~ated as):JLP a.nd. shall' be.resolved .as grievances -(?AZUQENA;· s.upra, at 551). . . . . . . ~e{e_rr~l'tp Voluntary_A~bltrato.rs· . . . 1.·. ·All~ gri.evance~ not settled· 'or r~solved within · seven.cale.ndardays frorn date of submission for resolu,ion shall automali~lly ·tie referred . to volt.mia.ry arbitr~tic;>~; ..
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Cases falling within the exclusive· ~n~-- .original jurisdiction of voluntary arbitrators but filed either with NLRC . and·· its regional_ -btanche~: o_r the Regio"nal Qir~ctor.s of DOLE or. 'with the Bo?_rd and -its .branch.es, sha11· be·. decided .. by · the Voluntary Arbitrators upon referral of said cases pursuant 19 Article 274, pl:lr. :t oi the Labor· Ce>tle (NCMEf GUIDELINES, Rule IV,. Se'c .. _1; pars. and'3). · . · ,·
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Unresolved Grlevan~es Grievance.is unresolved when: 1. A decisiorr.or resolution was rendered thereon throuqh the various steps of the. grievance '. machinery 'and eilhe·r- or both parties ls/are not .. satisfied; or· ·. ·· :·2. No action at all was taken thereon within 7 days · from its submission for resolution to the last step· . ofthe grievance (Omnil)us Rules Jmplem~nting the Labor Code,.RUL~XIX, Sec: 3). '
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.concurrent .Jurledlction .. , The· Voluntary Arbitrator, upon agreement of the . · parties, shalt" also. hear .arid decide aJf. other. labor ·. disputes includiilg ULP .and bargaining deadlocks. : . ;- . · Before or· at -arw .staqe of compulsory .arbltration ·. 'orocees. parties to labor "dispute 'may agree to
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Violations of CBA · ·ordihary violations of a. CBA which economic previsions. and violatlon provlsfons which are ·not gross . in grieva_bl~ issues '(LABOR-CODE, Ar.t.
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submit .their case to Volunfary Arbitrator (NCMB GUJD~UNE_S, Rule IV, Sec. 2): .·. . . .
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.Jurlsdlctlon _by· Agree~ent ofth~·Parties
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The disputes _that the_ pa.riles-'. ~ay submit -~~1,~~~~{[;. Wb~n_ Jurisdicti~n is E~~rcised_ . . . ·. v_oluntary Ar~itrat~~- can mclud_e. any: or. ~ll,r.t:!1S.:{;.,..<·rJ _The Voluntary Arbitrator shall 'exercise jurisdiction: disputes mentrqn?d 1~ ~- _2~4 which othe~s~Jg}f:" i't; (SN.A) - . · under the exclusive 1uns~1~t1on of:a. Labor ~t~f.\~ i .. ;~,:r."':Qpon ri=~eipt of. a §.ubmission agreement duly (LABOR CODE, Art. ?74). . ,/,-:{,'/ t\1ir~·).:!..:.~tJ:s_;~.M~l!?J(bot~ partles; . . . .: . ·. . .· ·· · . · ', ,1~<;:.,,/ :., l 2. · Upon ..r~9,~ipt' of the ·Notice. to arbitrate 'when R.1ghts Disputes ·. . < ./. ~ . . .,.: -~there 1s'ref~sal from one party; or · These. are di~pJJtes which cb'nte_m'pla~{~~-~:.~:i~t~_i:i1e1<"t_,. 3. Upon of. an ~pointm~nUdesignation as of a CBA alr.eady concluded or!-,,1~,a~}\-[c{f~. a ~i volunfa~farojtratorby -the board in either of the situation in .w,liich1)0 effort is rn~c;le.-to brii~·a5out -~-- · follmfo.ingS . '. . . ·,, · ·· . . formal c~an~e ir_i its term_s,?f."1~-f~~a.t!'~'neY" on~,'\1 ~"'.i~be,~P.~~M.:fail te;se!ect an ~ro.itrat?r; or -(NCMB Pnm_er . ~n . ~nevaq_'j~ ~,1_. · '. !11· . b~~fli,l:l'~~~-\:i~~ceof a name9 ar~1trat"or in CBA Volunt~ry.Arblfrat,on_)... . . . ~- 'l~ Jh~thl3:party upon whqm. the· nc;>~ic<:· to - . . .· · ,·.-"~.rf'\.f~ fl · ai:bltrate .IS' -served -does not- reply ~.1thm 7 .lnt~res~ D,lsp.ute.s· _. . · ~· ·1-., · . J!.i .. · }··~~':"'.".~- eays"_fron:, 'the.reC:eipt of such.notic.e (NCMB · These are ·d1spytes ov_e~ the ·formatro_§;pf:'.--¢.o!le~,~v! ......... · tf~t...G.1.JIDELINES, Rule IV, sec. 4). · a_gi:een:ients ~t ·efforts tc;> secure fl1e.rn(They ·'c;l.n,~e--....,..o::.;i,t!L....,..,'.!Z'l!..l.i~:I . · . ' · . . · · . wh~re there 15: no··st.1chagreern~n_t ~r:(w~e~~~·,s . t:,lumber of Arbitr'ato_r~ · ·· - . sought .to. c~ang.1;3_ tt,e t1rrms_ of .~ne~Jarg3mmg If the. CBA -does ··not spe_cify -the· .number. of deadlocks .are ofteri r¢_ferre_d)o as inter~~f'disp,ut~.~ -arbitrators, the case shall.b·e heard and resolve.Q by·. (N,Cfv!E} · Prim.er_.:on G_rieva,:,ce- • .M,ichineiy and ·a sole arbitrator (NCMB'GUIPEL1NE$, Rule /V,Sec.
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. · Note: Gross· violatio~ ls a flagrant-and/or mallcious
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N-~te: ·_-fermii1atlon.di.spute is·not. a \~rievabl~ is~u~~ ·' hence, gr.ievance· ; machinery.. and: voluntijry·. . ~i-biti:ator& 'have . no jurisdiq.tior:i over . this . issue, .unless the ··union" anq _the C9111P.!'lny ,:i,igree that· . ter-m.inalion di~pute fall un·d~r the Jurtsdictio.n·of the volunfory arbiter. (L.andtex.fndustrias v. CA,.G_:R. _No. 15£J278, A1:ig1.1st 9, 2007). . · . ;_ . . . . . . : . . Qnly ,;is~~tes ir:iv~lv_ing·the uni~~ ~~~ ttle compa~~ shall b·e referred to g'rievan_ce machinery or voh,mtary . arbitrators: The·.right pf any employee.or.'.group of · empiqyees to, at any .time,. pre~ent grievances to the · employer does not im_ply ttie right tp-sul5111it the same to '"volun'ta"r.y arbitr~tion . (Tabigae· :V, lntetnation_al 'Copra·-E~porl Corp., G.R. No. 183335, .D,ecember 23,-i00.9),
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.Sub.mission: . ~greement... refers t9 . a· w~itten ·.. agreement by the p~rtie~'submitt1ng_ their·case for. arbitra.tion cor'itaining the issu~s. the · ,.chosen . arbitratorand :s,tip(Jla!ionto 'abide q.y a·n·d¢.ofnply:With_ the resolution including the,coshjf arbit~ation· (NCMB GUIDELINES, Rule.-//, Sec. 1 (i)).. . · · . . . .
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Note: T.he Submission Agreement .shall contain: . (P,ANASJ . . . . .: . . . 1. · T.l:le names, addresses and contact-riumbe~S of· the E:arties;... ··. · : . :· · 2. · The agree·ment to submit te ~rbitration:... 3·. 'ihe ·Name of the arbitrator; . .. : 4. , The Agreement to:· pert'cirr'rr or abide .. by . the . decision: and . · · '.. ·· . . ·: · 5. The §pacific issue/s .to be. ·arbitrated (NCMB. · GUIDELINES, Rule JI(, Sec .. SJ.
2019 SAN !3EDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS..I
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JURJSDICTION A.N.D·-·REMEDl·ES. .
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The well-entrenched rule is that when a case· does not involve the. parties to a CSA - the emplpyer and ttie b~rgaining uniQri - it is not· subject to voluntary ar_bitration. . While an· indiv,i~ual · or . group ·.·of. employees, withc:,ut-the·p~rt.icipation_of the uniori; are· · . grantE!"O the right to bring grievance .directly to the employer, they cannot-submit the same grievar:ici;l, if unresolved_~Y the employer; fc;,r v,oluntary ?ibitratiorf . witho_u~ the union's l:lpproval ~mq· pa_~icipatioh. The rea§on i~ that it is the. union which ·is the pc;irty to the . · CB~; and. not the: individu_al or groJp_ 9t·erriployees . . JTabigue v. lntemationa( Copra Export·Corp.,-·G.R. · · No. 183335, Dec~mber 23, 2009). . ·.. . . . ·.
Notice to "Arbitrate refers to a formal demand made by one party to "the .other. for the arbitration of. a . particular.dispute in case· of refus·a1 of·one party in a CBA to .submit te arbitration (NCMB GI.JIDELINES, ~ule JI, Sec:. 1 (ij). · · · · The· Notice· to Arbitrate -should .contaln the following: (NASRI) · . · . . 1. Names, addresses and· contact numbers _ot the. · party upon whom the notlce is made; , . 2.. ~rbitr.~tion clause of the CBA; · 3.. .§.peeific lssue/s to be.arbitrated; ·4. . Be.lief sought; ··· . 5. ': Name;· address.i.and contact-numbers of party . [nltiatinq the· arbltratlon ·(NCMB GUIDELINES, -Ru/es'Jv,· Sec,]).. · . . :
PLEADINGS ANO. APPEARANCE.
Where.to File Ple·adlngs .
Pleadlnqs _Shall- be fiJep directly with :the chosen · v0luhta:·Y arbitrator at _his. oes(gnated. busin~~s-·or Arbitrate: (~UR),· . . · . .- · . ><-"''---===;=~~ess1onal_qffice .copy ·:furn!s~ed: t~e - Re~w:mal _ 1. _ gxhaustJoh of th~ gnevan_ce procedar~~""'""';.,,-- . 1r ~~ai'rtslt\._~pf the Board _h_avmg jurisdiction over, the · 2. _Gr!evance rem13n:is-Qnresolve_d; Jw0~pta~f,-!~ecomplainant (N(;MB_GUIDELINES; 3.. _Be~usa! from one· party to sub"I9i"C\~v9IW:nt~;EY=.-_..--=r.;,;-~.,f'/, SVec,,.11).'. ., . . . arbltration. (NCMB .GUIDELIN5~ Rulfl-j)f,;,1Sec. . . -"'~~-'' p~".\, · · 6). . . · -..-.: j' ~-·~cS~!ce"'l-qt_xop_i~~f Pleadinqs . · · ·. .fr, , ··/' ('"". · · ·if"' . .J.ti.e ci))'.}yon:co~~6f the-·pleadings shall be served Procedure: · . •·',,},_?,,/ ,f · IP> ~\ J{" · th~l opP,?l?,in'g~far'ty . or parties (NCMB 1. · A notlee to arbitrate sha,11 be· s~'fve_d ~poli the GUIDEL~f ES;'fiJ,t)J1IJ;r;$ec. ·3). · · -unwrnin"g party copy tufMs~//the p~rmanE;'!(t· arbitrator · and . !'JCM_B ~1igferif'l!Y brancJ\ ((1{6':&B·";!, • lj·.~~_l;Y.IC_e_,P.f:Pteai;!1~gs,.f[if otice~ ~.nd A~ar~s . . GU/DEUN~S. Rule fV,_.$1:.~:.->B.ijt)),:. } ,1_0rL. .~optsn:1aY.-~~~~t.ed ~hro.ug.h personal service 2: Arter lapse, o.f 7_ day pen~,d'.'fr{>qi!'rec~~\~~h~~:~~11by ~_·;1!.'~f. r~!JIP!.jfed.;l!1a1I_ ohi .the parties. If reprei;ented the p~r:mai:ient ~rbitrator.. ,~h\11 ·. l~~e~IY\";f/ · -co3.?n,,~serr,1~~.•~ti~uld_ be made to the_ la~tercommence: arbitration i.pr.Jfct~ings.O~t:Z."M~J . J;;M l!J/IDEJJ-INE~; ul~ Ill!:Sec. 4},- · . GUIDsLINES,_ Rule ,v; (2)A. _.R~-fi~tat:#.·. · 3. In the absence· of perma.x1ent ·a"?.t;,itratOi:_,/t~""->~P'' ~e~ o~~,1ons_ . . . . .. . . . . . NCM~ st,alf" appoint a< -V'~l\,J_ntary~;~bif.r~!'~lfrt(~s mrocess (NCM8 GUIDELINES;·. plant (2 AZUCENA,. sup~· 11 p." 533). . F?u1e:v,,.·se.c. 1). · · · · · · · · · Condltlons
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{ Setting of lnltialOonferenee: Notice to Parties . :· Within 2 days . from .. receipt of· tfie · Sub.mission Ag'reement:Notice to Arbitrate or-Appointment, the 6'~_Voluntary Arbitrator shall set the date, . time- and ,: place of the initial conference with due 'notice to the . li,l': parties (NCMB GUIDELINES,Rule Vl,.Sec. 2).·
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In tl)'e.event that the' parties finally settle their .dtspute during the· pendency of the arbitration
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. proceedings, the terms orsettlement shall be reduced into writing and shall be adopted as the decision df the arbitrator (NCMB GUIDELINES; Rule VII, Sec. 4) ..
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{. · 1nitfal Conference' · · ·. Motion for Reconsideration. is allowed· 1. - . Parties ·shall be encouraged to explore afl.. · Voluntary, Arbitrator's .decision . may still be t· : possible· means· of effecting a settlement reconsidered on the basis . of a motlon for ,;;._ 2. If parties· arrive · af an. aqreernent, jt shall b'e. reconsideration seasonably filed within 10 day.sfrom . ~:.. · reduced in ·~riling _and signed' by. the parties .receipt thereof, .The seasonabteflllnq of a motion for ;_. · before the Voluntary.Aibltrator, and reconsideration is· "a · mandatory requirement to ;, · 3. The agreement shall :form. part· of the decision foresta.(l'the finality of such decislon. · . (NOMB G_U~DELINEs: Rufe YI, ·sec. 3). . . . . · · · . . _ .The: obvious intent of CorJ9ress i~. to provide .an fi.f·· ·Effect pf No)'\·Ap.;earance. . . opportumty for the, party adversely affected by the For rron-appeararice of either ·.pa('lles for two .Voluritacy_Arbitrator's·'decision·to seek recourse.. via ~,, consecutive conferences, despite· due: notice, the . . . · a·.m~tion for reconsideration or -,a p~titi_on for -review · ·•. - Voluntary Arbitrator shall terminate the· conference~/ un~~r. Rule ~3 °.f the Rl!Jes of
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Submission of Position Papers(-"~d other-\: Pleadin .. · .· . . . \:(~ d. , _ 5 Positioriiapers s~ail cover: (SINSj .,,.~ ;.,J:;:::-:.i· .,.,•. 1. Simplified issues.-during·the)l)ill~-1cof\!er-El"Ace·: 2. issues a'nd :causes of. Ji:cti9n· ii6,isect' in th~··,,· ':· ·. -submission·agreem.ent; - , · . t·,,,.if ~,}~ · · ,.,_ · · ,•• ·~-""; ·
Deci_s,on . · · ·· y .~ · :In~n!orceme~!,P1 ,-1~stancep[f'l rion~~omphance by . either or both !-·~ _parti~.s-. a)ifo;t1.?\ t<_? .enfo~ce/~~ecute the awar~_ma_y l · be fi\ed ";f~ t~~e·v.~lunt;;uy,arbitrator ~ho may issue a wnt o~,exe5. tiof\'e~~!nng the follow1ng persons to exequte[the.Jt atde01s1on· (NCP) ' 1 · st.i -,~--Jt~ t(ti· ".;;·''F{o' :. . . ' ~~~li:·t:/;~~rate· 0! ap_p~i'~~~~~1}~~1unt~}l·i: f~ . Z: · . Sh~rt{}lr.ei~kr$~.~rts;_or . _- · . · . . ·
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. I t" ff t INCM'B GJ~,.,~LIN""r R /(I 11• • 3.. Any. fubhc official -Wt\om the parties _may Sttpu 4 . . VI a ton. ['L · d,!::_51gna · t · th eir. · · · SUb m1ss1on · .. · · Sec -'a) o' . ac s '1• . ' . u.,., \ : .,:,, .,, ' u e;' ~,w.•';;.:}~ e. In agreement' ~;:;_,-;r.t .. t!;~if~J._~Ji!3 GU/DELINfS,,Ru(e VIII, .sec. 1).: · ..
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·oEC:l~JON: . · ... · .· : . : _ . . :t;r ~ : .ff'd : : . ·. Dec1~1on .•s. µie final arb1tr.31 ~1spos11loq(~~~.ue/s ·. ·. ..~ . . .subm~tt~d t~ v
Note: ln t~e. ati_sence'ofthe VA or his incapacity, the motion _$hall be filed\vithth·e· LA in 'the region having jurisdiction over.· ·:the. wOrkpiace · ((NCMB (;_LJIDEL1NES,'Rule li!ll, Sec. 1) · · · :.Ag~rie.v~d·party ·may file a -pe_titiqn for contempt or imposition of fines· ~rid .penalties .ag?inst the non-. . csoem_c.p11y)i.l1 .. 9_.. p.ar'ties. (NCMB ~UfDELINES,Rule· Vill, -
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·Rules on Decisions · · ·. . 1 '. 1.t shall be rendered·within ttie p'i_~ri.od agreed.but' in nO' ·case·· to .exceed. calend~r days· tram ~-- sub1T1ission .(NCM,B_ ~U/DEL/Nf;S,.f~ule.. Vil; · r,·· Sec. 2); . · , . . : ·. · . . · . . 2 It shall be· fina(and e~ecutory atte.r., 1 O ~aier:idar ti· · ··days from. re_ceipt of copy of the- decis.fon· by. 1·: _·-:. · parties (NCfvfB GUIDELINES, 'f?ufe V/11 S(lc. p}; 3. . Fajh:ir~.,. tq render decision: .without ·justifiable· ;·.: · gr9unds shall · b1;3' si.cfficier:it. ground for t_. · disciplinary a~tiori upon- verified complaint of a I~-· party to· t)1e case_ (NCMB· GUIQELfNES,Rule f:-: VII, Sec;·:3); and· ·
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'.f'h~ deci_sion tne L,abor Arbiter rei.r:istating.. a · 9iSmissed . or· separ~t~d employee,'· insofar as th~ . reinstaternen't. aspect' . Is. ':concerned. shall immediately._b.e executory, even pending'. a'ppeal. . . The reinstatement ·qrder by .the Voh.infary Arbitrator · · .. should have the. sam~ auth.ority, force; a.nd effect as· that of th~ reinstatement order by.the.lab'or Arbiter not only to encou'rage parties to' se.ttte.thejr di,sp,utes through. this·. mode; but .also,. and more impprtant1y; to -enforce the .constitutional mandate to protect .labor, t9 provi<:le secur.ity o.f tenure, at'ld to enhanee s9cial justice (Baronda ii .. CA, G.R. No. 161006, · Octobe: 14, '201.5). .. _
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2019 SAN !3EOA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR pPERATIONS
193 .
JURI.SDICTfO.·N·.AND .: REMEDI.ES .
.Effect- of Filing of Petiti.on·t'ar Certiorari w\th the SC or the·CA on Execution · . . It shall· not stay the execution of" the· assailed decision unless. a.TRO.or injunction 'is issued by the, CA or SC peridlng resolution of-such petition (NCMB
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(NCMB GVIDEL/Nf=S, f:?ule IX,
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Malntenanc.e of Gas; Re~ords · . . The NCMB Regional Branch shall .maintain the records Of voluntary. arbitration Cf:!SeS falling Within . · their area of jurisdiction (NCMB GUWELINES,.Rule
Remedies , from r Decisions·. of· Volunt~ . Arbitrators··· · . . Petition for Review under Ru1e·43 of the Rules· of. Court · ·' ·:· ·
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The voluntary arbitrator shall also furnish the NCMB · ·] ReqionalBranch the following: · . 1. Two copies· of the 'decislons or orders .!: immediately after the issuance thereof; and. . 2. A quarterly status report of cases handled ,:
GUIDELINES, Rule VIII; Sec.' 6): ·
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· SAN·BEDALAW C£/IITRALl?EDBAR OPERATIONS- MEMOnY AID 2019
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IX, .Sec. 2).· . . · . The prevailin~· rule is. that, the proper remedy · ', · .from .dscislons of voluntary .arbltrators is a . . petltlonfor revifiw.under,Ru/e 43 of the Rules of. . TurnoverR~ce>rds.. ._ . . . . Court (Leytf;I. IV :Electric.. Cooperative, Inc. v. . · The arbitrator shall turnover. to the NCMB Regional LEYECO · iV-Er:npfoyees · Uhio(l·ALµ, G.~. No. · Branch the entire records of the cas~ within 19"days · .157775, October 19, 200'7). ·· v» .: : upon full and complete satisfaction. of 'the final .... . . . ' . .. ' ' : . . · arbi.tration case (NCMB C31,)IDELINES, f?..ule·IX, Sec. The app~al of-the vA'. decision· to the CA ry1us_~----..,,.-J.)l. · · · : · · . ·. . . ·•.. -be filed wfthin ro days f-rom. the 'receiP.~e 1rJ' 1 ~~ .. · .· . . . ·. ': . . . awardor decision (t;JYK-Fi(Shif? tjjt'[fgdbint •... .{\Di}'t:in}ti~~samong a.Volu~tary.Ar~\tra~or,. , inc., v. Debu, GR. No. 22f?142,
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~ 1~· . ;;:~··, Arbitratdrs are not :NIA f o.bliged . to "follow . ·... !· : prkcedents sef by . 1_;· . ·otl.er:. arbitrations .: .,. ir:i similar cases. -· ·1(
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RE·MEDIES
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·C.onciliation-Mediation refer.$ to the process of facilitating a settlement of labor 'and employment Issues ($ENA "/RR, ·R1:1te· I, Sec. 4 (a)). .
Formal proceedings -, , "·Rules. of. · Court · and 6n the Rules E;vidence ap81y.
Party refers to employee,_ group of employees, employer or union who files a request for assistance (SENA lf?R, Rule I; Sec. ·4 (h)).
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J1.,1dges· .are r.equired to observe· stare ·decisis.
_La~k -of Interest refers to non-appearance of t~e· _ requestinq party . for .· 2. consecutive .scheduled '. r conferences despite_ due notice (SENA iRR,·Rufe"/, . · Sec. :4" (e)).. · · .· · · .
. Sing.Le Eritry As.si~tance Desk (SEAD)iso_the desk/ Appeal 1s to .,,/') : uni! in the DOLE Central/ Regional/. ProVinciaV·Fi~ld a ·. _ hig9et x>i - OJflCt:lS · · and - · attached · aqencies . providing court . tm:oef .-'.?\ _concjliation-Jllediation services under SEriA (SENA ,.,,,,, ... , ..,\ /RR R / / S .. the Rule~_10L ./ :;1. , . u e , ec. .,"A(/111'II·. - .": . . . ; .. · . • .
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-~{rt::;;~~-;§:'~~t~El'lf&fssi~ta~ce Desk ~tti~er (~~ADO).is y ii! . a · traTrfea!:--:'P}l(.SOArlelof t).Ol,.E and its attached .___.,-.-__. _.__~----~·"'-......, .- ... c...""'-, ~------.a..,,.,·r·,;.-/J agencies aniffQe~ignatedbyJheDOLE Secretary, or· )'.'.\;(( _ )_,.,.-~;\ in the casf pf~tta~hed. ~g·eriGi~~~ by· the _Head_ ~f. "-'--~....l'...,. _.:.';..;.,-'°'--..__.· _ _ bi Offices, _t_q pr.ovn;Je_ interview, .advlce, and conduct . · - : · . . ··: .-'_ '0: : .. _ . 6_ • ,.,._·>v . 'tf-.:::W::·• ··::. . · concil.iatf n-,;ediaJfoi:iservices·· (SENA/RR,. Rule I,
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.,_, '.;_ ;; . · di~put~ ·settlement. for·._ a·II labor- , cas~:,t ·and· i· institutionalized · the Single.. Entry: Apprqach:· or the I: . $EnA:'Pr6gra'm ofthe· DOLE through the·addit1on of ,. a new 1;.abor·. Code, provis1.on -on· :Mandatory ;, · · Concilii,!tion 'ahd: Endqrsemen(of .Cases:"t1hder Art: 'f. · 234 of the Labor-Code. ( DOLE"· D.epa~men(Or.der .. No .. 151, s. 2016 ··was issue,d qn Febru_13ry 22,.,201"!3 cor:itaining Its IRR.,_. . _ . Single Eniry "Approa.ch·(SE"nA)"· · . _ . . ·· .lhefe.rs fo·the administrative approach to provide an aco:essible; speedy, . impartia.t.. ·.. and iriexpensive settlement prooedure of alf!$SUes arising from-J~bor and employment - through a 30·-day ma.ndatory · .. . .concHiatiori-medi~tio:n · (Single Entry' Apptoach lfTJplementing Rules:and Regulations,_-Q.O,No. 151-:16; series.of 2Q1~, i{ULI; I, Sec, 4(k)) .[hereinafter SENA /RR].· .
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. . .· . . . .. . 11:i=e . S~APO , shali entertain the_ same _ and , co-: · conciliate.-mediate with the ·sEAD of .tfie region . · where the e·rnploy~r_prlndpc1lly.:operat~s(SENA" !RR, . Rule"fl, ~ec. 3): · ·· · · · · · Guiding;Prir-iciples · . . _ :·P.ursuatJl- to _th:e cons"titutional mand,ate ·to ·promot_e - ,td~~-ptrefe:enlutiadl' use.'Qt,y1?1t~ntary md.ot~es ot1.~ettling 1spu es m~ rng cohc1_1a 1orHne, ,a 10.r1, .:a, issues· arising frorn labor employrne,[it shall be subject to a 30~day mandatory condliation-mediation services or the SENA (S"E_NA/RF,?; Rvfe:f,_Sec. ?). .
Scope iind·Coverage
.
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Gener.ii· Rule: All issues arising from labor ~nd employment . 'shall be subject to t~e 30-day mandatory 9onciliation-mediatio.n. ·
2019 SAN "E3EDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR G_PE;RATIO~S t. 195
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JURIS .01·cT.ION.·.AND- REMEDIES IMF I "**' SAN SEDA !,AW CENTRA(IZED BAR OPERA!IONS - MEMORY AID 201:?
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\IV.hat Should. Flied to 'lnltia'te SEnA Exceptions.: (NCEV20) Request for Assistance (~FA) is· the reqllest' for 1 .. Notices of strjke/ lockout or preventive mediation cases with the NCMB; .' . . the.conduct of conciliation-mediation under SEnA to. assis't the parties fo arr'ive at a' settlement agreement 2. Issues arising from the interpretation arid (SENA /RR,· .Rule I,, Sec. ·4 ·(g)) .. lmplementatlon or the ~BA, and. those ari,SiAg from .the interpretation and enforcement. of . company. 'perscnne! policies which should be Who May Fiie . processed througl') thegrievancemachinery; . Ariy aggrieved'person! such as: (WUG_E) . . 3.. Apphcations for gxemption 'from wage'· orders : 1 ... Worker; includinQ kasambahJW, whetherlocal or ·. with the National Wages and ,Productivity. , . overseas: . Commission ·(NWP.G); · · . . · 2. Uniori, workers:assoclatlon or federation: ::. 4 .. Issues · involving Violatiol):S 'of:· (AEP-PEA;3:.' . Group of workers, whett:ier loc.al or overseas; or · CRPL-TO) . . ·A.; gmployer... . a·. Alien Employme_nt.Permit' (AER}; · . · . · ,, b. Private Employment Agency (P.EA) :Note: Jri case of absence or.. incapacity of the authorlty or lice rise; . ~ -: . -. .. . ~QgrieY~d ·person;·. his/_her· immediate. ·fa~il.y ~ith c. Working ~hil.d Permit (W.CP) and violations. Spec!al Power of Attorney !~PA) may file _t_he RFA. . of. R.A. Na. ·9231 {Anti-Child Labor Law); In caseof death this/her l~giJim~t~ h.eir/s may fil.e the d. · Begistratioi:i- under D.0 .. No. ·18-A, se.ri~~::.."':D;,,~(SENA IRR. 'Rule_ //;.Sec: 1) .. ·, .. · . · · - . 2011 · ·· . ·· .,,,,_,~ · T · 11: ·--..-....~. · . e. frofe~slo~al !:iceilsE': is.sued_faY:"~e~RC ~!}i;~ije ... · . : .·. . .. · . and v1olat1~n of ·the Professron;~G:g'.9~1 ..u:,~-,G~era1 fu~~he RFA s,hall be .filed· at any S_EAD Conduct; . . . : . . . ./',---.."" irl'the~egig51\'~here the · employer principally f.. · · IESDA A~cr~d1tat1ons;_ ~tfd4,~-/~.,,.,..-,-.~"3;~""':Wo13er;a..1;s,{:. :~·. .· .: _ . g. Qther . Similar · l:>er.~l~)a-,,Ji~nses·: <jlr,1. jf _ "o//'. · . \ , '\rPf) " · . · . ·. re~istrations ~s~ued: 1py_ ih~'1D0Lf ?~. i{s . /~ l:~cepti~ns;\~f _ · . .. . . . , . - · attached agencies; f! . j · -.!f.J~f"~ 1. Atl~~-neal~stpSD E 'office ·or attached agency 5. ,Yiol~tlons of POEA ·.9P'~j;-;-a,r'd Re 'f9"lfilf60:s:: -'-lr'f'"~-rrr:c~e ·Of l>,e!?iiJ.§\~P'k'asambafi.ay or .deployed involving: (SDIR:N.OT) ·~ ~----t ~ ·.. :, . ~-""~f;.l'Nbrkersor -\ervi'i.Vpn;:,vip~rs or. subc,on.trac~or a. §erious offenses. ·.:tnt,~~tnses p n.ali~.ctt~\l\IlJ.W~-opeitung .lnN U:ie"'l~gfon other than where i~ . wi~ car:icellation of uceFls~~. ~~\. {!: l prirjg,Ly·oRerate~i, . . - .. . : .. '. . b. Disciplinary .·· aQtion~.1, ~~inst ~%!:lJS;E\lasti-;;:~~?-"fft(eJ~a.r_e'.$t~P~Hiefpi!1~O~er~eas Labor Office· wo~kers/seafarers.• ~tii?h,_, ~e · .lfios~~~{ed~~ ..·t~J~~~ i{_"ttv(f_ffountry, of ·. de~ti~ation : or senolclS offenses,_~r.J.p1ch-c.aqy thb1 ~);~~··f . -q,-f/?~'e%bar!(at1on·'l'J'.· CE)se of .OFW, .~f at.. the. ·, of dEilisting ·from the ·r~"g~try .r~~-r"'e5;f-'DOL~ .1~~ce. or attach!'id ag~ncy. of offense; . . . . ·"\:· . .,· .·_ _,,,-·q·~Btefe...r;e,h~e wh~n in th_Ei ·CQ._Ul)try;, and ..... ' . o. ..comj:lla!nts !oitiat~d by th~{_'O~! ~~-, -· ·~1'-i )! ~~fe\9.9L517~ffi~e"o~reg}~tration . .in case of d. · ?ompl~1~ts .against·. ~n a'Q_~FJ..CK})'VhO~=$$•,Ufl'l~A._Qf,f~erat1on repre_sentmg a.lo~l.chapter . .ILcense.·1s ·B~voked,-canq_eUed~.@2n as follows: (PLAD) .. , . . SEnA; ~rid. · .· . . V .RFA .through f.~r:sonal · ap.peararu:;e. ..:, The 6 ... l_ssu~s ..on. QccupationaJ': .Safety,·. and, Health. · ·· Sl;AbO sl)alr:: (IA2C2) . . · . ·• .' · Standards lnvoJying imminent d.anger situ~tlon;.. a... , !riform ttie·requesJjng party ·of the objectives dangerous occurrences/.: disabling· Injury, and ·· , ·and procedures of ..the 30-dpy' ·n:,andatory ·abs~nce of.personal p_rofective:etjuli:ir.neot(R:A. . .' · .~onciliation-me~iati.a.n· progr-am. 'and· the No,. '10$96, Sec.. 1;· LABOR COPE =Art•. 234; ·. posslble-·con~eq1.,1ences thereof;'.· · · ·· SEnA IRRi.RULE I, Se·c.:}). · · ·.· b.-: ,Assisttt1eteqµestfng party in·accomplishing. ·· · · ·. · ·. ' - ·. · · · ..... , .· · ·the.'RFA Form iii 3 copies;"< · : :· .. : ... · ~N'ote:'.The. 30-day Man'datciry,Conciliation-Mediati'c;n ._. t. · · ~onduct ·initial' .Interview fer 'v.er.ificatf~>n of . . Period r~fer~ ·to ttie ..30 · ,ialendar days~maxi_mu_Jl:l· · iss1,1~. ·.and. ln1tiany·. ~xpl~re . .:settlement ··period within·wl:Jich to conduct the proceedings and· · optiOn$,,if appJi~bJe; . . . .. . tq· refer th'e issu.e.to' apprelpris:ile,agency if [m~ettled Q; . ~sign reference number,.and' set the initial (SENA /RR, Rule l,:S~c.. 4 (q)). . ' ·-· ... conference; and .. · · . . . . .. · · . . . . · e. ,Coordinate with other SEAD in case there is need to 'co-concil1~t~-mediat~·. .
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SAN SEDA LAW C~NTRALIZED BAR.OPERATIONS
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J_U.RISDl'CTlClN.AND·
RE-ME:DIES· ·
·SAf:I SEDALAW CENTRAl,IZE.D8/\R OPERATIONS·- ME!il_ORYAID W19.
~FA. throuqh !:etter ·-Where the RFA is filed t;Jo~e: The SEADO may liold as many, . through a letter, whether written or e-mail, the conferences as ·may .be deemed necessary t.o· Head of Office, through the S.EnA focal-person, facilitate a settlement .agreement. shall .. immediately respond'by explaining the· procedures of .. the SEnA and require the 4_. .!;xtension . - The ·30-day. period is non. personal' appearance 'of the. requestlnq party . extendible ~xcepfupon mutual agreement of the , before lhe SEADO. · . · ·. .paiiie~ -and· the.re is a possibility for settlement. Ri=A thro.ugh Anonymous letter, SMS;. or . Such ·extension. shall not exceed 15 calendar phone cal(-. Tt)e Head of Office througfj .th~ . days _(SENA /RR; Rule ill, Seq. ·5). ·. . SEnA focal person, shall refer the same for' the. conduct of a Specia.f .· Joint Asse.s~merit to . CONDUCT.OF CONCIL:P:r,iON-M~D·IATJOr-i -taollttate compliance or correction· if there are .' Appearance.ot Parties· .. ·. · . ·. · . : deflclencies. . .: '·.· . . . . . :. , .. Upon the receipt Of ·thEi··notice ¢f: conference, the · -4. · RF.A.. ·iiwo1ving·. Q.iplo!llal.s : or .. Jnternatlonaf parties .shan personally appear at-all times ·(SENA org_a.nizatjors with· dlptcmatlc. Immunity. -::: /RR, Rule IV, Sec. 1), ·. _ . : . . · . · . TRe S'EAElO shalt . . . . ~. · ·. · . ~ . ";' . .· · .· · . . . . . Advise. the :reqUe!;,ting_"pa·rty· of the need ·to 'in SEhA;uie· parties.Shan representthemselves and . . verity the imtnun!iy ofthe..rE}spondi.[lg.par:ty:°· lawyers are .discouraged. from participating in the . b.. · Notify the responding p·arly on the existence conference; except wlien they are the requesting of.R~~ ~nd_tb a~pE:arbefore the SEADO. for..,/'} part~ . or . t~e· ·. employer, . since:· .SEnA · is· an ccnciltaticn-medlation; and . · .·. . · 111(.~·~ . adrnlnistrativeapproach for a conclllated settlement · . ·c. In,· case· of- non-appearance of-:~}~~~~,: .andnot-alitlqetion (S~Nl}.1RR,.Ru/e IV; ~ec. 1) . .respondlnq. party; refer the RFA to .;tlilJ~~.kt~{;~ .· · . · . . · · · · ·. appropr!F1te.ag~~cy{office (SENA /RR,?'·'~!T!(~ff ~Rf!~aran~.~'!\ ?f .. Lawy_er~;· Agents Of . . • Ill ' Sec. 1).. . •. . . .. ' r,.-: . .~f,J.i~DAn~esentat1yes . ;:;. ..,._.~; ..............~..l-~~1'\1'-' <·! . . . Lawyers';--ag~~ntsor ~tt?rneys-ln-fc;1ct..a~piaaring Raffle and Asslgoment 9f RFA.-. ,.f,iV .... A--tr· behalf or~r:i: J~flhe parties l?hould submit a.Special. Withi.n · ~ . day frorn rE:peipt, :. ·th~· ·1,J.a_&.,,1~ • Offlc~;:.i.~-~R P?w~r ·of tt?~~eyr Board Res?lutiq~f 9~cret~ry's through ··the ·.SEnA. focal ·pers·on, ytif!-U · ~;~)_11;1f.l.;-the ~erbfi~t,grf1nt1\gt.hem .autho~1ty to. r~present·and · RFA.s to the S!;ADO .or caus~sJ~e~ssr~nrner::it!:W. 'If~ enter. int,9· a tync!1Q"g agreement for. theit principal in. raffle in· c.as~ there are 2 or,lillqr:,Ef s~ops.in .lhe~ the. foUg),Ving firculr)stances: (OMb)' ·. · ·.. . · SEAD."'Th·e ·sEADO .shall frtJ\tt.~~iatelY'."go~_pµcRj~e: 1·'.· W~.ffl_;;(~~~t~fW~.s!ing/.r~spo,:idin·g 'patty. _]i'> a~se~sment (SENAIRR_,..Ru/e· 11~ec;:3;.:4"!t ~·-} alreacfy1Depk'.>~ed·abr<:>~d or our of the coim_try <'.Ir·. . . ... .. ' .... ·. .-_.. ·... _')~wt;"'"';!~ .. } )1 ~1"!1plpyed/ ass1gne.~/ rt11wate~·to:otherrE!g1~n; . U~_onrece1pt.qf the.~~~•.·t!J.e ~~'?~ ihaf1·~£~~1,1.1e_. .. ,~l-f&,,..W:hen:the re~~est!n.gl_._r.e~po_ndn~g party 1s· a w,t~_ln the day th_e initial confereney.u~~t').~e SE11A · ..::-!~f:\,:~·~#MlraQr~ phy_s,cally mcapamtatepi ·. . . . . Notice. f:o.rm (SENA./RR; Ru_le Ill, Se~1)·· . /~~:d'" _... 3~MhE:'tr- quest)~g/ responding_ p~:rtY Q.ie<;l. _ouring . . ·· . ·:.: · .. , : ·:. ·. \!r, {ff;F .. · . ··t1,e··pen?ency of·the· R(:'A,:the_ heir/s ,of the. -~~~~~- of_;,e"".'iC?e-of.No~ceiofCo_nfere'$~~E-.. · . 0 ~-~y.appe_~r and ·s~all:·pres~nt, the_·
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·. . , ·.R~gistered rnaiJ; • ... •. .sl!:l.cfronicm~1I; .·. ·· ·. .. :·.·· ~ourier; '·. . . ·; · · ~ny. oth~r fa~(°economi_cal.and· effectiv~ m9de . of notifying the·part!es taki~g.. int~ cor(s.ideratibn ·· ~h~- prev~iiing · circumstai')ces ..... within . th~ .· . SEADO's:area of re~ponsibility; .·G. . °f.acsimi.1~(SENA lf1Ri·Rulf{/11,·-Sec; .. 4) .: ·. . - .· . . . :·.,'. . . . Sch~du~~ of Confer~_nce~::(R.IS°E:) . . . 1. · · Resetting -' · Resetting shall· Mt·. be allowed excepf-.Oil r'e1;is9.nable. gtou:nqs.and i( the oth_er-. .. party ~bncurred: Jri. su~.ti· ~.se, the conference ~hall.be held noflaterlt1an ·3 c.;iiendar days from th~ o.rigln.a!.seh~dul~ ·ofc~mferenc;e;· .. ' . .: .:2. Jnitial Conferef!~~.....: within 5 w9rklng days from ·. .. thefdate.of.as$igrimenfofthe:RFA; . · 3. · ~ucceedlng :.conference!?- within·.the 30-qay . rnaridatoiy.concili~tioh-mediation period;_ . 2. ··'3 .. 4:. ·5..
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(:)eath. certificate; ;;ind · . . - · .· ·· Proof df relatjons.hip.. (i.e,: inarriag~ con1ract and/qr pirth cerWicate) ($fNA IRR;_Rule.lV, S~c. 2). :. ·. . . · .. ·. · ·. . · ·· · · · . Con.ciliation-Medlatl~n Process:· . .J . · . . The SEAD°O, in the' cor.idui::t 6( the ··conciliationmediation; shall: (CNE-OPM): . ·. . . 1 .' ~iarify ·ttie issu~s. · yalidat~ . ·positloijs : and deterini'ne the underlying issues; . . . ·:2. ·Narr.ow.down ,the ):lisagreemen.ts. and. broaden areas for settlement; · · > · · ... · .3. £nCourage·p~1Jtie·stci gen~rat~·9ptions.and enter.· ·into stipulations;. --'. . . . --:~· • .. :4.• Qffer prop9sal·. and options toward· mutually acceptable solutions and voluntary'setuernent; 5:: frepar~ tl)e · settlemenl · agreement' · in consultation with the p~rties; and
2019 SAN.SEDA l:A.'v\lCENT.Rp,LIZED.~AR OPERATIONS j .197
JURI.SDICTI-ON.AN·D_'R:E.MEDlES .
. ·. 6.
$/IN ~ED~.LAW 'C;ENiRAUZED OAR OPEAATIONS-
Exce:pton issues excluded. pursuant to Section 3 of . Rule , 1, oniy erido.rsed or r.eferred RFAs shall ·be 'enteitalned b1 ·a. La_bqr.Arbiter, or the ~ppropriate POLE office br agency that ha.s ].uri~diction over the issue/s (SENA /RR, Ru/~N,-Sec.7). ·
Monitor the voluntary-~nd faith~! cornplia'n-c:eof· the set\lement·agreenient (SENA fRR, Rule N; Sec •. 3).
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Pre-terrnlnatlon . of · the. 30-day Mandato_ry C.oncillation-Mediatlon Period Contents of.Referral Th·e-30-day.periqd maybe pre-tennlnated ori any of ." the fQllowing grounds: (WNR) · .· . · 1: . Names ot the parties; . . 2. · Summary ·of unsettled i.ssues to .the. office or· 1: Written W!thd_rawal 'by requesting. party which . .agency h_aving jurisdiction ov.er the. issue; and . · should -be reflected in· the· minutes of. the . conference: ., .. -, . . . . .: ·.: '3. · Date of thE:·~eferr.a} (SENA_iRR, Rule IV, Sec. 8) .. 2 .. !f on-appearance .of either the -requestinq party . or' the respondinq ·: party. . in :· 2 consecutive · .' Confici.Jntlallty P.r~ceedjngs ·atid M'inutes .. . . · 'seheduled ccinfere.nS!,15· 'despite'. due: notices; Information. andstatements given· in confldence' at . · unless there is a-reasonable gro.und for failure to the .. conclllation-rnedlation proceedlnqs shall ·be : appear; or . . . treated as privileged communication and shall'not tie ... 3; . Request for Referral to DOLE office or Agency ' · used as evidence tn ·a.ny arbi~ratiqn proceedlnqs, · · by \H~· requestlnq party or both 'parties prior jo except when··ther~.lswalver.of c;;onfidenlia.lity (SENA .. · '. the ¢xpiration oq~e 30-day_pe_riod·(~ENA IR~...,,=-~~~u/e./V, Sec -, 9). · .. · . . . · Rule IV, Sec .. 4). . . . ~ .,. ·1\.. ·"r ~. . . . , . . .. . , . fi~pe,c;ir ~eo.reco_(ders orany electranic recon;Hng . Termjnation of . Mandatory .Pf{l;qne-m~<J.l)E;-=~-=~S~ic..fs~ll~rohibited during. the proceedings . Mediation.Proceedings . · "-1',...(' ), ~i. ._.)~ . . · . (S'ENA...JBR. f3.Mf·W, Sec~ ,.9). . , . · . . Any · of_. the . folloWiJ'.lg 'shall ·,~~nct~~tti'(,,_~nA==~~~ ...... ~, proceedlngs closed and ter.r:nll"!§IID) '.lf' -to7c,:!se\ot~~1.ihi;?J).,'the vorce·antv1c;leo recorders j. Pre-termination of . the,1- o~'d. .mftlndatoty · .~ ~~,:ill _be ~onfisRctl'ed w\p,out·preju.d1ceto appropriate . cor.iciJiation-m~diatio.n prefq~edin' s; ortV~ legal actipo. (SE~(jf!.R1Rule IV, Sec. 9). . 2,. Upqn_co_mpliancewiththp-s~e '.en·ta~reement~1r-~-.-<"].. i '·. ·... . . . (SE"{fl. IR.R, Rule I.V;. ser!o}HP.: . . . ll si ~APr.oc~~~- •.o~ ... r,: ·' . : . .· ·. :
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l~suance of Refer:r.al ·. -~ {i~ ~ef~rr,al refers to the endo:r_~eJO,rn\bY.iB:€:baQafjp s~po of Uf'!Settled issu~~ \~!h$°.~OL K'~.~e\ _agency that·has. j~risqictiqn·_o¥er th.e\!ss1:1"'.{§ .· """".. l~R,. Ru/
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·. Ttie . SEADO ~hall · is~u.e: the ~f~rraj,~~"":lfi~j.'. ' : .: . ; .~~; , : . . : . : . :_ '. . , · .. . reques!i.ng pai::!Y· Y.V[thin 1- day undel}Jhi jml~Jfl9'-~ ~~ithi, 1/jayfrom ~eceipt, .Head of. Office circumsti;lnces: (EfN3} .... · . · -~~V j .. ·"hjlii' -·~ -~ '\;~~S,lG~~th_e·.RFA to a-S.~DO : . 1. :.sxpir~tion of ~l)e 30:day,m_anclatoFy condli~~oh- p. . i.l :·~ ···· . · ., · . · · - . · - . .. . · medla~ioi:i period, unless there !s a reqµest1<:r~~~·"*. - : . . . .. . . :.: . . . .. . extensiot1;. -'. · :_ .. ·.. · . ·. ,· :·. . . _Upon recelpt:SJ:APO.i;h~II scli¢'dul~wilhil]lhe d~y the_·;· . · . ~--- ·: ]:ailiire. of th~· ..p.arties to reaeh art c"9reerr,ent: . · .. · · l~ITIAI. _COl'ff ERENCE. an.d f!O,t!fy Parties: · . . . Witt)in the 3Q~aay: periad; ' · , I ·~,. .· , .. •. 3, N,on~appe~u:ance. qf,. the responding _-party in 2· S.EAPd ·conducts ·.cONCIJ.lATIOt'J-MEQIATl0N·' scheduled ·co1Jferen~es despite due not_i!'.:e.s; within 'a perio~rriot to ·exceed.30 dfJYS, e?(cept · . 4: N.00-~ettlerne!'li of 1 !)r so~e'i_ssuE!s,but .not all in . · · . ·upon agreement.of 'partie~. · - . RFA -,vith multiple i~sues; o·r · · · , .. -: · . · .... : : 5 . .'·Non~cpmpli~mce -wit.h the· Agreement· ($ENA- . . ' . }RR,:Ruie N, Sec: 6).. . IF:S·ETT~E;D,.RF.Ai;,closed.' IF NOT SETTLED, · . ~E.ADO ad:viseslhe pa'rtles'and.·i$SUe : ·· ·.· • . Referta[may be. rriade.to: .. . · ... REJ=ER.~1:-Jo_appr_o_priate.OQLEOfff6_e. ·.· 1: . _ Appropriate DOLE or agency;.'or . . • I\ _:2. Vofunt~ry Arbitr~tiori ·(SENA /RR, R-ule IV, Sec: .· ·, . · .. : . 6). .. .' . ·SEADG> 'prepa_r~s:.REPO~TS .·. N~ re(~rral ~hall be iss~ect Where th~ re·qu·e;tirig ·(o.b: No. 151-16). p~rty has with.drawn th~ .RFA. (SENA !RR, ~ule IV;
offi_ce
Sec. 6).
. 19?
I
·
2019 SAN.SEDA
·
l:AW Ci;NTRALIZED BAR OPERATlo'Ns·
AND' REM.E.DIES
. 'JURI.SDlCTl.d.N.
. SAN'l1EDA LA.W CENTRALIZED.BAR OP.ERAJ'IONS.- Mq\,lORY:AID 2019 ~F
A
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REM
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,ti(· NATURE . .,6.N.D CONTENTS ·OF ·SETILEM~NT·
-WPM i#SN&S 1
NQte: The waiver and quiictaim duly signed by · both ··P.af1ies shall be . issu~d . or)ly upon full settleme.ntJ~E~A LRR,'Rule V, Sec. 2). ·
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AGREEMENT . . . , In the preparation of agreemarit, the SEADO shall.. : · 1. Make use· of lanquaqe or dialect . clearly. .. understood' by the parties;' and . . .. · . . Inform the parties· of the consequences qf the .acceptence of the settlement amount despite having knowledqeof his/ her rightful claims shall mean the absence of fraud; violence 'or coercion ... and voluntariness .of tlie settlement aqreement ·· ·•· · (SENA.iRR, Rule V,.Sec. 1)'. · · ·
·~:· .· . · . · . . · ·: . , . : :· . ·y,· ·The agreementstiould: (PAyVIS) . · .. ·. 1. In . case of fartial settlernent., include
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Effect of Settlement.Aqreernent : Any setttement agreern~nt reached by the. parties before the SEADO .shall be flnal ·and immediately execulory.. It shallbe binding on ·all-DOLE offices and. attached agencies except when the· settlement. aqreernent ·is 'establlshed to be contrary. 'to law. morals, pi.Jblic·order and publlc policy ($ENA /RR, Rule V, Sec. 3),. · · · ·· · · · ···· · No retaliatory action shall be 'takenby both parties · again~t each other (SENA !RR, Rule V, Sec. jJ, .
the
schedule of payments;·
2. Be 8tt~sted b,y'the $EADO; 3, Be reduced in.Writing; . · 4, '-.. !hd_iC?te-th~ "parties' voluntary ·a"gr.eerrierit. a~d.
Settlement·for a·show
There is settlement for -a show where· the settlement 'amount- is reported -to have .been taken :'. a.cc::;eptc!nc~ of t~e · amounts a~ {ufl/part,al. ,... back or confiscated ljy the respondlng party (SENA··. :. settlement, arid. , . . . ,,,<(• /RR,. Rule'V; Sec. 4): . . 5.. Be §igned by both partres (SENA IRR, .. Rule.':Y:~·/ ( . · .. . . .. · . . · .' .· : ·. Sec. 1). · . '. .· . . · . .. ~;;.,./.;.·:.r•\ In such case, both parties shall ,be..- called for · .. · . ; · · . - \ -, : . L/vi.:, 1·,j co.nfer~nce · by ·the. S~ADO · who facilitated the ~gre~men.t on monetary claims ans.mg.. ~.Pr~.••. , ·.~:t:-:-~r~t.l..e,ment;-;f~e SEADO s.hall verify the report and
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·. violations of, labor .. standards sh~II be·. fatr/,a,!19(J.r: ~r-e~ei,tt't.e1.r:e.sponding party to pay the requesting reason.able, a.nd not contrary to .l_alfl, PS!bhif,rr:iorals.• · P?rlY tfie-ful),•~ettlement amount with legal interest . and public policy (SENA IRR;_Rule, V,(~fic(1). . . reck.~ned f~,{>'i'i1~he. dat'e ·of s~ttlen:ient should there A. I,\.. be.substaQt,~l p:t;oofttlat settlement was fo; a show.
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effort.,-·to ~ffect the ... agreem:~t; .\ Types 9fSettle:ment Agree!he.nt ,, . shall· refer ,t for, er:iforcement.,w,th' f . . 1. Ft.i!I :Settlei:nent . :- Tti'e full payrJi'ent .pf,·(f_lle·~._:::.!!!.tt:i'~,NtRC/POEI\JOOLE f3egional Office (SENA ./RRr :· moi:,etary plaim anq/or reiristatem~nt i,n, c,.:~~~ of Rufe-V,,Sec. q). . · .... .. . . · · . } ' ~ermi.nation ·. . i5:sue:>1 · con~trLicthi'e'~~i~Jss.al/ · · · · ,;; illegal ·.susp·en·s1on, or complete pe_rforman.ce .of ·.,; I.·: ~';if.l.act sought for by.'th.e fo~iiesting.pa'fty .. ~ · .. ~ABOR ARB;i:TER.
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2 ... Paiti~I Seitl~men(--The.re is p~rtial..'sett/ement · . when. p_ayment. ·of moneta,ry ·-eraims' ,is by .. . installment ot in case of reinstatem'erit/ lifting of ,s~spension· or oth~f po~itive·' actipn soug~t · . by .t~e reql.lesting' _party·.sh~II b~ made- on a·: future _tlate ..agreed· upon: ·· · ·
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ARBITE.RS... · . : . . .. . . Uil?or Atbit~r: (LA} . is an official iri the Arbitration Branch.ofthe 'National labor 'Relations Commission . hears·ar:,d decides cases failing .. under . .. l']fs original anc.1.excl.usive jurisdictjo.r\ as.provided by
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· Qual.i.ficatio~s .of E~ec~tiva"· Labor Arbiter/s:
10) . In· partial settrem~nJ;. 'tt)e .' respo~ding . party is · re.$1i.iir~p to m~ka ~ report ~t-compll~r:ice.with the .. sc;hedule of paymen.t subject to v~rificatipn by . .the ·sEADO:° The RFA shall be deemed settled ;-, . . . .· after p~yment c:>fth·e. last'li'l.staUm~nt'(SENA IF?R, · ~· . . •. Rule. V; Sec. ;!). · ' .. . · . · ·
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Must be· Members of the Philippine Bar; ,Must' have gxperience or eXP..oSur~ in handling' 'labdr management .relations (or at least _ye·ars; · .·. ·. ·.and : ·.. .. . . · · .3. . Must h.ave been ehJJc:iged· in the practice of law in the Ph.ilippines for at lea~t 10 yi,?ars (LABOR · ·. CODE, ~rt. 222). ·
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JU·RI.S·DICTION AND·REME:DlES tE_NTRALIZED SAN"BEDA LAW
BAR OPERATIONS -·MEMORY AI0-.201°!)
Note: Labor Arbite~ shall.have the same .rank, · receive an annual salary. equivalent to' and be . entitled to.the same allowances, retirement and other benefits and priviieges as, those of. tl'ie judges of · the regional triai courts (LABOR· · .coce, Art. 2231:
Power;s. of the LA Besides their-adjtidicatory-powe_r to hearand decide cases ··aver.which. they have jurisdiction, the Labor· · Arbiters have: . •' · . . 1. Contempt power (LAf30R GODE; Art. 225 (d); -NLRC RU.LE$,Ri,te··1x, Sec. 1); and . . · 2·. Power · 10 conduct · ocular inspection (l;ABOR CODE, Art. 226):. . . Various
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Claims for actual, moral, exemplary, and other forms of Qamages arising from employeremployee relations (Nl:RC RULES,.,Rulev; :s.ec. 1); . . 7. !,!LP cases (NLRC RULES, Rule V; Sec .. 1); 8. · Wage Qistortion disputes ·in unorganized . establishments not. voluntarily settled' by the · · parties · pursuant· to R.A. . No. 6727 (N.LRC RULE_S, Rule V, Sec.ct}; · . ·Note: An'. unorganized· ·establishment ls one where no union has yet been dul.y recoqnlzed or. certified . as. ba.rgaining 'representative ·(2 . AZU.CENA,supreet 414) .
· 9. Qther cases as may be provided by I~~ (NLRC Note:· P·re~·iously; they· are'· al~p possessed. of RULES, Rule. V, Sec. ·1); . . . . . . Injunctive- power . .Thls ' graht of _ir'ijunctive power, 10. _C9ntested cases .under the 'exceptton clause of however, was deleted in recent NLRC Rules: The LA· Article 128Jb ):of the Labor.Code "(.Visitoriat'and· thus, has no more· injunctiv.e power, Only th~R~~"-;>'~w~cement powers of the !)OLE Se9retaiy);·. · has. that power (2 AZUCENA, ·supra at 79)~" · ~ 1" ~~ . . .: . · · . ~~"\ ~· ..._ '\/Npte:fl'h@Jurisdiction of the LA is found in the JURISCUCTIO~ • ; . . .:I?. ·,v·J,../"..---="'~~~~-ep_Jjoh}l?._use of Articl_e ~28 (b) where the Laws.C~>nfer.rmg J_ur1sd1ct1on.op..t{~, r~ __.-.==o-.T..., · e~oy~~eontests the findings- of the labor 1. Article"224 of the Labor Co,ge,;_ ~./~. / ...-~ ~1;, .="~em~IB~mcnt enforcement officer·arid raises 11 2.-· Article 124 of t~e Labor Qoa~famel)ded· issu~s sti_pp9r.ted\by documentary proofs which· · .R.~. No-, 6727;. .. . · · /1.. . ;- ; 1~ _wen?~not~~t~iger~,din thecourse of inspection 3. Article 233 of the Labor i..:-r,\ -· ~~Wh1lf It IS tr~~ -thai1 n_der A~1cl.es 129 .~md. 224 1~j No. -10022. · . :~t'f.''. fi . . ~ . · , · '~NUP.!Jl"lrl ?f ,:~fl :Lab,pr,=ce-C?,cl , the .. Lc!bor ·Arb1~er ~as . a~-..-C... ,. . . . .,J.!.!.!i'~~ntH he~_r; decide casl':)S whe_rethe · Except .as otherw1sE: prov ~fl~ftlQ,.der'\!~~a,~c,irtai~,;1}· ag_g,e9J3te- m6~/i?la1ms .o.f eac_h· employee . Code, the· Labor A~b1ters s~aJY tfa~e ori~m_<:t~la_nctPA ~:i,e~e,~cls-~s'.000. ::,.aid prov1s1ons of Jaw do not exclu,si_veNrisdi9tion :to··hear 'nd-de
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certification under the same (LABOR CODE, . . · . Wh.en· cases arise from the !n~erpretatipn orthe implementation . of collectlve . bargaining agreements and .frorn the · interpretation or··enforcement of company . personnel· policies· which shall be disposed-of by-the Labor Arbiter by· referrinq · the· same 'to _the griev~rice machinery and voluntary arbitration; as may be· provided in said. ·agreements· {LABOR .CODE, · Art.' 224 (c); NLRC R_{!_LES, Rule V, Sec. 1);·and_ . When the f.artie~ agree to- submit the case to voluntary _, arbitratlon . before a: . Voluntary Arbitration · or panel · of Voluntary t\rbitrators (LABOR CODE,Art. 275). . .
· Art. 278 (g));
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preferential !-JSe of .voluntary_ modes in· settling disputes," .inc.iuding ·. conciliation, and shall enforce mutual 'compllance- therewith to foster industrial peace:
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Where no l;r-Ee relationship exists·betw~en the parties· and no issu.e.'is involved which_ may:·f;>e·· resolved by ref¢rence. to the Labor Code, other labpr. statute~. or ·. any collecp\ie . bargaining agreement, it is the. RTC that. has jurisdiction .. · (L:iipahday-4.griculturafD.e_v'.t. Corp.· 9A. G.R. · 'No. 112139,. J_anuary.,31, 2000) ..
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.E~ami:,te"ofpas_esCogniza~ie by Reguiar Courts J"urisdiction over U!,.:P Cases ·1-. An employee. who. abruptly .resiqned 'can 'be . '".. The ~A hasjurisdlctlon over allunfairlaborpractices J':. sued for-Dan:iag·es.b~fore.r~gular courts (Eviota . w_hether committed· by· the employers or the· labor t. . _vs. CA,: GR. No. 152121," July29, 2003); . ,,.~) · 9rgan_izations. However, the LA. orily has Jurisdiction ·2. Ari. E:mploye_r.s co~plaint tor- rei~bursemen\f-ef,:>"./-i..:. 'over !he civil ~s~~ct of .ur:ifciir labor practice·•. !"'hich . _· trammg_, expenses· is · a collection of sum' _pf.-;(", .-h may include liabiflty for damages (LABOR CODE, m_o~ey based · on . civ\l laws (Almario · v.l;;f,1;(,,.';~,:;\ Ari-, 258). . . · · . · ·. : · · . . Atrllnes,,l,:ic., G..R. No· 170928, ·Septemberv11;:· .2007); ' '. ·. ·. . ·. . : : . !t.-fwi·t,~..9)t;;W.i,ti~ns of the."CBA .are no longer ULP 3.. A former em ployee_'s demand -~or p~y,rn¢.rof the;,:! [~ · unless~tlie7~me ar~ gro_s~ in character, which market value of the: car . 1ssu,eiii<-'io fonn~~\.~i·J means flag)f!P-\and/or malicious refu_sal to comply employee, e_ven i_f there is a p1eh.9j(ig ille~~~-~h- witll the e,{fopo~ic;: provisions. (LABQR CODE, Art. di$mi~s.~1 -case· before · the~;.-Lft,;,_,!1fs'mc;!d · 1'1 274) .. Jl ~ -\.\~ . . .' · · • • it' / . 11A •' c· B'"' N \., ;I • Comrr,unica 10ns, nc., . '!:,:,;9storga,lY · ,,,.;-~. · ~-·~l Junsd1gttonfpve~ll.egal D1sm1ss~I Cases ; . _4. . f. claim for . reimbursem~1;W ¢.:.-:~mon~~~y I'·'. l The ~f~~Jf:i'.g:;1,\1{fv:1a1<e. cognizance of termination benefits claims ~warded -~ng, to p~;P~.9 tOJ..~t~~ disputes_.. ,~/!D~'.le_xe~ci~eof their:respective original . guard. -e~pl
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~ . to an illegal· dismissal case (Maneja v: NLRC, G.R. No. 144013, June_ 5, 199.8); ·Article 224 is dee.med written into the CBA being· an intrinsic part thereof··(2 -AZUCENA, supra at .528); . . . Article 292(b} grants the rig_ht t_o the disnii$sed· employee to contest his tern:iination-with. the LA (LABOR GODE, Art. 292 {b)); ·.. . Estoppal confer$.jurisdi_ction oi') LA. (Odheda v. . CA, G.R. No. 85517, 9ctober 16; ·1992); ·apd. Failure of the employer to· activate grjevance machinery confers:. jurisdiction, on l,A . (AtlfJS · Farms v. NLRC; G.R. Nq. ·1.42214, November .. · . 18, WQ2}. ·' · . · '. . · __· ...
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~elationship. As. a ge~eral rule.' therefore;· a -~i~ only needs to be ·sufficiently connected to. the la issue rai~ed. a.nd must aris~ tror:n an emp10· employee relationship for the ·labor tribunals to h . ju·i'_isdiction. · (Milan v. N!-RC, (iR. No. 2029 February4,-2015): ·. · · ·· Distinction B'etween Ju,isdictton of VAa11d L. .. · . . ·over-Mo~ey Claims . , '. :·.
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. .'timited -only to.· those .arising. from: statutes. _or contracts 'other than a CBA (LABOR- CODE, · Jurisdiction over -Mon.ey Claims' .. Aft 224 (r:;)). . Money claims (alling within the._origin~I and · · exclusive jurisdiction of. the LA may. be: (ARO) . . . . · .1. · Ar:wmoner clai~;· rega~dless o( amo_tJnt, -~,,,.~-.,.,,.....:...""·.· ~ . · . . . accompanied with a claim of._relnstatem::.~t· (N~RC RULES,ROie V, Sec:1)"~.· .
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· Note: This falls within the juri~ 1i.tio'A-~.~-tl)~ .· · .· , .· . fi~ s~nce. it ·is principally a te~,~~fol6_!if·~i~pfl(e ..,I~~rNet<::~~?<~(f -.ci•:rn . m_ust arise out of_ ·Er-.~~tr . s1tuaJ,on_ presuppo_sed_ll~a/fJ.!:"P-t~B,f~~-lfr'~m ,~~. · 'l~"' {.(3)allon~.hJP~\9rf(@i\(,1nc1dent of such relatlonsh1P:;l1 termination case, 1t bemgi,act:!"Ql1}9arne,~ wilt,!?' .©)herwis1~, ju-(~j'Jicti,ot\ is ··with the regular c.ourts-·1~ claim for reinstatement?CHA/V,-RE'(l5WER, -·~·, (Par¢d.es1v. .F~ c,f:J.f~'€;,hildren PHL; tnc., f3,R. ·No'0t supra.at'652): ;1 f 1tr4""3'g.i.,-Septerr-b.er9.t~2.015).·. · . · .: . ':}"{' , . /, µv h ~ilfi'.,-..._..· 1 _.. -~'- ·.J \ F""" " ., . : ·';_'} 2. "Any l)ion?Y· "cl~im, Bf3~i~w,is ·_of \Wh.et~~(,C -~oLi j£~9ionaffl(!}irEi~\~~ or the duly -~uthorize~( accory,~an~ed with a c:La1~-fQf. re<~s¥.t~~~hl·~hea!Jni~~ftiersJl ~rEl -~frlpo\Yered,· in ·a ·.summaFf.I ex_ceecj1~g th~.. a~oun~· ~e~t~!nt~-~• ~,roce¢9Jagi tq ~ear.--..,,~g ~Seide. cla°i'"!'S for recov~r~?t. -. (LABOR cp()E; Af!. 129)~ ~~,; \ · .· ~~ 9~,nd. ott,er· minetary claims and· benefits,;.~ ·· Note:-The cll:lim does not\.~cessi)fily.a_~~~iJ.?1 Jeg.}lf int:ereft•. owJng to a~ emp(oy,e~"Or;~f or involve._ a termination· caie;. but 'be~~r'~~ei:~~em.BJ6'yed ·11\.po.r:nestr~ or household se~1ce\i; amount: ~xceeds P,5,000,: ~t f~II~ ~~in~~f'r.-i,.'1"18f.~J.O)(froti;i~. _r~~e -elat1ons~1p (LABOR -CODE, Af!:·tf· . jurisdiction of the LA:(CHAN,-R&,VIE'?ft/'S..'!P!~~,,;/< '\)°~ · ··. ··. .. , . · ·· ·:__:~;., a(662;603).· · · :-!/ · · ·· . : . · -. . ·. · .-t.f; ... ~~-~[sf.1~!9 -0ver cor:itested Cas!')_s · . . . , ·. . _. 3 .. M9netary claims of gvers.~as contract '0.~~~ · l:. 1:E::&~m:,~in cases_ \_Vhere.·the ~mployer contest~· th~}:' .arising ..·fro_m_ employ_er-employee· r-elations ·ifs~finciings··qph~ labor employment:ahd_ e~foi:ce.mens~ provi<:led-.. by. ·Section_'. 1 Q. of . ~:A.-.. No, · 8042. ·. · _.officer an~ rai$es \s~_ues·supported ~Y. d()Cur;ne.,:itafY,;~f. amended qy R,A .. No .. 1.0022 (NLRC RUL;E$,· proofs which were ·not con~!dere<:l m the cours~ o(_f Rufe V,-Se'c. 1). · -~-·· :- . inspecti90; .the.". 00Lf:: . $ectetaiy. or his . doly:J · •' · · ... . authorized . repFeser:i°tativ~s.·· shall.: issue, _writs· Of;'.\~ N~.te':-The i.Ssue of dedt1ction.'for tax .pi,frposes i.~.:.. · ~xec,l)tioti for enforce'rnent iof their- o·raers {L/J,-BOR:}j . intertVJined'with the m·ain issue ,of whether .the··. COOE;.Art. 128 (bj). . . · .. · · . · :)1 benefits: have. been fllll/ pai<:l. It-is, therefore·,.a · · · · .. ·· . . . ·· . it. . money. ,c;laim ari~ing · from·. an. e~plbyer-. :Requisite~ tQ- 0iv~st:Regl9'na) -Oir~ct~rs oi-·thei_r:}, employee .relations.hip, ·.whict,. falls ·wi!hin .tti~ ·· Representatfves :Jurisdiction~ (CEV). . · : ·' \.:·i .. ·juri~diction of. the Labi:ir" A~biter -(~a.n_los ·_v. . . ·. f .. Th.pt th~n~mployet~ontests the find_ing~'cif the")H . Servier PHL, "G.R.. No;. 166377; November 2_8, . ·. labor." regulation~ ·o.fficer _am:I rais~s· · i:,sue..s.-.j 2008). . ·..... : .,_· . . ·.''· the(eon; · :.._ . . · . . . :: . : · . . . )} . ·. 2. -'That:in Qr'der fo re~olve·s.uch ·i~sues, there is a' >·1•'j • .. '\·. • . ,• . . .. :·Q·laims Ari'~J.ng.f~om. ~r~Ee,R~jatfo~s_hlp ln'ci~des . need to Exatrune ev1d.entiary matter$: arid·· ... · · :i .Employers' ClaimS:J\gainst an ~mployee . . 3. . That such:· matters are. ·. not- yerfflable ,in the· Claims a.rising_.· from·. an ei:nptoyerl_employee· · · norm ell .. c'ocirs.e · ·of · insp~ction- _· {Ex-Bat-aan/.j . relationship ,are · ncif limited to· claims : _t;iy . an Vetera_ns Se_curftyAgenczy'.· Inc., 1v.. _S~cretaty·.,of_..:-~ · employee .. Employers.may also hav~ claim~.against DQLE, G_.R. No. 16_2396, Novem~er 20, 2007). :··); · the employee, wl:Jich- arise from : .th_e .-. same . . . . . : i
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relationship. As. a g~r,eral :ruie.' th.er~fore;·..a ·~lalm. only needs to be sufficiently connected to. the. labor issue raised and must arise fror:n an employeremployee relationship for the Iabor tribunals to have [urisdlctlon.. (Milan. v. NL.RC, G.R. No. 20~961; February.4, 2015).· ·. · · · ·
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to ao illegal ·disl'T)i~sal case (Maneja v, NLRC, G.R. No. 144013, June. 5, 199.8); · 4, Article 224 is· deemed written into the CBA being· an intrinsic part 'thereot (2 -AZl:JCf=NA, supra at .5'28); . . . ·. . . ' . : 5 .. · Article ~92(1:i} grants.:th1:1 _righ.t to the dismissed employee tocoritest his termination with the LA (L:ABOR CODE, Aft. 292 (b)); ..· · . · . · 6. Estoppel confers. jurisdiction Of'! LA .(Ocheaa v. · CA, G.f?. No. 85517; Qctober 1~; ·1992); and . 7. Failure of. the employer to· activate grievance machinery· confers' .jurisdiction.·, oil LA (Atlas ··Farms'.V. NLRC; G.'R: No. ·11122!#4,.November .. ·.. 18, 2092),:: ': ·. ..
Disti~ction B'etw~~n J'uF.isdicdcm of VA.~nd LA ·over·Moriey Claims. ·-' \ . . · ·.
-'Umited .only to·. those Those 'ansing'f(QJJ'l-: .. .arising. from 'statutes .. or a.· .lnterpre!c1tion .. .or . contracts 'other' than a implementation of the . . :, . . CBA . (LA.Bok~ COOE,· "CBA;."'ahd .t .. ', ·. · Jurisdiction ·ov.er Money:Claims: ... . Art, 224 (p)). b: · Those . arising fror:ri ·· .Money claims f.alling-w.itt,,n _{he.,origiMI and . . the . -in.terpretati9fi and - exclusive jurlsdlction otthe lAm~Y:be: (A~or ··· · · . · · . . enforcement . · · "of . _ 1. · -~ny.moi,ey Clai~,· reqardless 0'..~m_ourit, '-~"'~"°'""":; ~~ .: , ' company . ': pers.onnel .. acccrnpantedwlth .a .clalrn of ..reinstaten:i~,lilt"'r 1f ·'f \ '1r ·::::-"""' ' . . policies (LABO.f? CODE, · (Nl,RC-RU~Es_, Rote vsee.. 1); .. ~ ·~· U ··.Art. 274)-. ·. · .
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Note: This falls within the juri~El.l~ion~f.-ttie"~t.'A .. · '· . ~ .,;. '\.:· . . ·. . · : . since itis'prlnclpatly a tetmi,l)titfb.'1'1-qi~ptife.,,,J".t!.0~Not~fvhW~~?c1~1.ri must arise out ·of Er-i:::e . situa~i~o- pres1:1ppo_sed .t~alfjt~~ie~sffr~m -~at1oh:5fiP\~~.g,~,,in.?ide~t of such rela_tionship. · .teri:n.matlo.lJ ~ase, 1t be1n~7,,acc0~,panie,.EIwit!, Ala .:-.411~- .. ©'.the~s~. JUF!s~,c~or.,\ 1~ ·with. t~e. r.~~ular ~~urts claim for r~mstatementg(C~Az -REflE.WER, ·,!<,~ (Pared.~;\v.-F~~(~1'?J6h1ldren PHL,_Inc., G.R: NO, supra .af.652). :. ·1 i "-"f'lf.4?J9,.-'septemf ~rfl.i~015). ... .. ... · · #~ ' \ -.;;,~........,.: I t-?.7 f ~. ··~ ·. . · · ·. 2 .. ·A.ny r:n~n~y. 61~im, }s · .~r r'~ef'W~_, Lf:~(bi_:~·J/egional: Qife&t~~s or tl:le iul; .;~thori;ed acc.o,r:n~a.1J1.e.d with_ a ._c 11.11[~.J r~ss.t~t~~·eHt·~~arin!(.!f~~ers/J ar~ .tE'lfTIPO~e_r:ed,, In a' summary ex.cef!dmp _the, a.~ou_n~- / Pt~.&>o e~&rt~!r.tw.; (l>~~ftffe°wtnetary claims ·and benefits, · .. Not~:-The cll3im does not'°1e9ess!i~ly.a_~ r:}rl'(ef_~~g"Jeg~f int~r~st,. ow~ng Jo an. enip.l9_ye~".or. ·. or involve. a.fermination·~e;.l::iuCb~q~us~~l=l~~~o emJ?)6yed "\;,d'~r;restl~or household service, amoimt'·,.,ex~eeds e_s,ooo. :-:it._ f1;1lli:; wit~i · ~t~lENfe[l.s-!!mfr9fn ~r~~~el~t~ons~1p(~B0R ..urs~ of . Rufe. V, .Se'c.. 1) ... · '; · .: · · · ·· · inspecti90i .tlie·. DOLE;. : Sectetary · or his .. duly · ·. · ·: . · ... · . . : · . . · , . . .' : . · ; .. authorized . repFeseotatiV~S..' ·shall' ·issue viirits ·. Of ... No.ta';:fhe issue of.de.d\;ICtibn:for ~ax p1,1rpo.ses is.·:. · execU.iiori'for eriftirc~men'tiof their- orders .(L!'!.BOR .. ,inte,:twiri.ed·w;th t~e JT1ai~ issue- of whether. t~e·. CODE;:Art. 128 (b)). · ·· · · . beneffts have .. been.fully paid . .It is, :ther!ilfore, .a. · · .. :- . . money. cfair:n atl~ing . from . .'an e~plqy,er- : . . 'RequJsit~s ~Q-·D,v~st' R egic;>t'!~~·Pir~c.~~rs their employee...re)lations.hip, .:which, falls within ..tf.l~ · · rtepresenta~iyes of 'Jurisdiction.~(CEV). · ·: ' . . : · .·jurii:;diction· cit the La_b.qr A~biter (San_lQ_s·.v.·. . ·. ·· 1. .Th._at the :employe'r:.~9ntests the findifl9S of the · .. . Servier PHL, 'G.R.. {Yo; .. 166377,· November '2.8,. labor r~gulatioiJ~ · offi.cer .· ~no ri:lis~s· · i~sues · · 2008). '. · · . : ·.. ·: · · · .thereon; · ~- ·. .·. : · . · :' : · · · · ·. ·: 2. · Tha.t-io order fo resolve ·s.u'd:i'1ssues, there 'is a' · :·Claims Arfs,ng'. ~.r-:~e,Rejatiori~.tilp ln'd~des need ·fo- Examfne evideotiary matters; anci· . , ·. · . .Emplo.yers• Clalm$•~galnst ~n l;mployee . .· 3 .. That. such:·· m.atters ar'e ··not: ·y:erifiable .in the Claims aflsing. ··.from· . an er:nploy.er1employee . · · norm~I · ·cocirs.e .'of ···in.sp~ctiOI')' .· {Ex-Bataan_ relationship .are · riot· ·Hmite.d to· claims ... ~Y. . an . · Veterans SecurityAgency, -Inc., 1v .. s~cretary:or. emp.loyee.. Employers. may also hav~ claims' against DOLE; G,R;·No: 1€23Q6~ Novem~er20,- 2007) .. ,. the employee, which. . arise from .t'1.e . · same
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. ~ ·. all the requisites are present, and 'therefore,. the Habor standard case .Js covered by the . exception ;:c1ause, the Regional Director ~ill have. to endorse fthe C<\Se to the appropriate LA (E>t~~ataan·veterens !{$1;cutity Agency,. lnc.; v.' Secretary ot DOLE, G.R. ·.;;)Jo. 162396,. November20, ·2007). · · ...
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F.iHng.- of a tompiai.nt to·· declare· the illegality of. the strik~ ~r ·lockout· with. the· I-A or Voluntary Afbitrator or panel of Voluntary Arbitrator '(LABOR CODE, Ait. 224. (a) (S))i · . . 3, Filing - of ·an !njunction . petitlon with the NLRC (LABOR CODE;Art .. 225 (e)); .. 4 .. ~ssumption :of j~risdictio~ by . the DOLE ·. Secr~tary (LABOR eODE, Art. 278 (g)); 5. .Qertiflcation of the labor dispute to the NLRC . . (LABOR CODE, Art:.278 (g)); · ·. . ·: · 6. 8ssumption- of Jurisdi.ction:over a ·nalional case .. ·.by the· President (LABOR-COD~ • ."f\rt. 278 (g)); · . .7_. Submission ·of a.. national· ·interest .case to a ~ · ·.. yoluntary' arbitration· '(L'ABOR'CQDE, .Art. 278 . . (h})..... · ..
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:Jf-:iurisdiction·o~er:CJaimiffor Damages ... ·c1a101s for. 'damages under Article 224· of ttie Labor . Code, to be, coqnizable by the· L.A. .must have. a :reas~>naple ·corir:iectfon·· With any· of .: the claims :piovided-'for in .thatarticlecOnly if there· lasuch.a ':~,· connection· with· the 'ether clalms can a claim for. rl° damages · be considered ' arising. from .. Er-Ee· ,i · re·taiio:nship (PH . Airlines . · lnc., ". v.. Airline · P.ilots . Association "oqhe PHL, .G. R. No: 2QOOBB, F.ebiuary .0 :2{51 2018).. Jurisdiction over ·c~ses .. tn:volving . L99fsfated } . , . . . ·. · .. · · · · Wage tncrsasas and Wage .Dl~tortion Claims for actual, ·moral-an~ exemplary and other . . t. .r~. -9.rgani~¢d _e!it:3bl_is~m~n.ts (~st~blish_m~nts. '.( form~ of damages thatmay b'l: lodged by QFWs are wherE~· ~here -~re existing .CBA_ or recognized _ ·:.;~ coqnizabte by the Labor Arbiters (R.A. No. 8(!~~1{?\. ·. · bargaining unions) - Voluntary Arbitrator or· .sec .. 1-0, as ,1rriended:by\R.A-No: 10022): 1'ri.,. · :p~nel of _:Y°.tun!~ry. Arbi~ators,: ·after the ;-< iii't1 . · grievance procedure in the CBA failed to settle }· Jurisdiction. over Lega_lify_ of· Strikes ~nd·.···\11·/~r.Jhe·ca~~-(LABOR CODE, Ari. ~24). , Lockouts... ·.· · . . · .. f>fr~ l:,:~/11_;~'.i!~;~'!P~~~J!l-li:zec_:l.establls·hm_ents -.·LA, a~er the :i;. Generat· ~!-,lie: Th0,.:.lA has the-power .~9-~¢ermme>-1 p_artie{·'r,i;_id the NCMB failed. to. correct the ::· questions inVolv1rig:~ega!itr ~r illegali~t-'?t·a,s_tril<e~r,'·t..);1 . distorti~_fl((~BOR.COD€, Art.. 124). · ~-:; lockout -upon .·the f1l11Jg 9f a prpper ·«oJJ)plam~ _an~i-l · . \t . · .· · . -~. · a~ter ~ue. pro.ceedings (N~MB. ··P_,jfJ/ir )!it:=$1rik~,. · -~url~.di~t);'~ntov~:Er:if~r~eme.nt or Annulm~n~ ·of ·:: · -P1cke!mg ar,d Loclfout; Na: 22)1,"F~eep~pioy.er,, 10..., . 1'A· Co1:rr~r0Jnls1_Ag~~em_ents .. ·· .. · .. : : . -~ case. of a strike, qr, the· _u_nio~(i~-9ase:~!'".!J .:. . Art-. 2~3), .. fr 1. . QOJ,.E · · ~ecretar'y, 1.n. ·case tW:.,--t.>~~mes . , . . . ,. . 1 . . . Y · .· jur!sdiotion.'tt,er¢oyer; or.· . .'-4.< ~ate: .Article 233- likewfs_e applies to· compromise 2. With the Ni.RC, ._.in case· the -DOLE ·secretary. · settl~ments·,.. · ihc:;iµding. those .. involving,, · labor certifle~· it thereto. (CHAN; Reviewer; ·.s/!pra at stan~ard~'··.1aws, ·.vbluri.tarily. i.i'greed upon .by tne . ·659):· · · · · · · parties with".the assistance of t.he NCMB and its.· . regi.onal bfc:inches ·-(/RR .of lA~OR CODE, Book .V, . N~t~:·Th.e·LA cannpt adjudicate rssueidnVolving . RULE >r . . 'of. execution .filed. 'bY. such. party. anq . ·t:iccordfngiY.. tribum)l~. "T:he·following. is the· outline 'ot·the.interplay .. ·issue such writ.addressed to and requfring·the.public . officers .. mentioned about . to execute the: . final ·in Jurisdi¢tic:in: {NCIA-CAS) · . 1. · l=iling .. of .a Notfoe o( stri.ke oc··lockout. with. the· . decision. order o~·award of the· VA-or·.the panel of ·VA 'Natior,,al Conci!i'a.ti.qn and . Mediation · B6ard '(NCM!:3) (IRR o.t LABOR CODE, Book V, Rule XX/I, Sec. 7); · · ·· · ·
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Ju.riscHction ovt:r Cases· oj Of:.Ws : . R.A. · No. aD42· conferred or-iginal· and -exclusive jurisdiction upon LAs to hear" and declde all claims arising from Er-Ee retatlonsbip or by virtue bf any law . . or contract involving. Filipino. workers for overseas deployment, incl.4ding actual; 'moral, exemplary .• and .other forms of damages (CHAN, R.EV/E,WER,·supra· . a't 665). · · ·
Note: LA has jurisdiction 'only over monetary claims. -and illegal ·dismissal claims, put- not clalrns ·or termination of membership .(CHAN, .Reviewer, sr..ipra at '670). · · · 6-.". £ounterclaims qf emplcyersaqainst employees · (B~nez v. Vafcjevilla, G.R No. 128024; ,May 9, · .. 2000);' . . .
· Note: .if there Is a 'cBA b~tweeri Jhe foreign employer and the bargaining unlon pf the OFW, the, . jurisdiction oyer .rnonetary · clatms · of-the dFVlis . belongs to the. VA, . arrd-:'·Iiot to the· LA"- (CHAN, REV/EWE~, supra at 665). ·. . '.
The. LA· has· ·NO Jurisdiction over (FIIG-GWaMITTF-CCC):
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1. · . Fo~eign governments except wh~n. the function >¥ the foreign. entity partakes 'of the nature 'bf a: . Oth~r. Issues .over-which LAs ha~e·.Jurisdiction: .· . . proprietary activity, it implledlydivested itself of. . . : (GAP-DEC)· ... · · : .: ·. · · ·· · its -sovereiqn immunity from suits '(JUSMAG". 1 .. · Employees- of §O(;Cs · Without orig,in'al: charter · · :.PHL v. NLRC, G.R. No.' 108813, December 15! ' • (PalolJla.I(. PH airlines, lnc., GJl No: .. 1484.15,!,.,_:.,.~~994);.. . . ·· · July 14, 2008); - · . .. . · : . . r- . . , , ;!nte(rj_~tion'al.agencies or orqamzations (DFA 'V: . . ..· ... ·. : . . .•. ·. •.• ·~ I\ -, J\/NIJR~f:?·No. ?.13191, September 18, 1996), . . 2. Disputes involving Allen parties; ~)} £__:~-==-~ !~tra~cog,G~ate disputes which ·fall. under. P:D .. · .. .' . · 1 · ', • • ·\t•· Y~ · ., : · · ~q._ 9~~'aYlqnow fall-under thejurisdlctlon of · • Note·: Tl:le choice of applic~ le"I~ _,9:fasJ,Jiear~~~1:1~-cb9't!:.i,·pursuant to the new Securities some relationship. -to Jl).t\Oa{ti.9s .<#. th~\» ,""if~- jt·'·R.eg).i)a'ti~l'\~~E\(Locsinv. Nissan. Car Leese transac_tion (Asia·lh(em_atJona1"-~!/'id~rff'corp ... Jl · m:-. PHL\ ~o.~567;(!cl~ber 20, · 2010); ·. MondeJar, G.R. Nos, 10fl.929-3f Dec mbe~~~· . . .e . · .. ,'\ (JJ .. P . . . · . 1994): : · -~ II · --:--· . · 'liflj'i · ,-Ratel When~t~~-P.-¥:1~on oismissed or terminated ~-'11 : : ~~~. lm .~-'-)_!:;:is.ap.rporat~'t!:ffi-v,·.: f'..-. . . . . .. . · · · > • • , . . not re1aie~ to thE:l pr~qtlc~. of".{-e.ill'IJI , ~·.m-=4!''''°'.J~X'~~tr~Q.,.65one.y cla,.ms .c!gain.st ~over~rnent · .. REVJ~WER,· .P· 669).· A~·. such;~£_(s te, i-VA'A..~~A,,.~LRr;;, G.R. No. 1'94269, Nove.mber..1.1, .• .. · .throµ.gh t~.~.l.:Aand the:~~RC., .ha.~·th'En:i~ I ;.L: -...J.S~); . · . · . ·: · · ,· .. · · . . . .. · . : .. take c6gnrzance . of . the· · case ·. ~o .. deter:mme=~.Cases ,rnvolvmg §QCCs· w1fh orrg1rial charters . :wh~the'c the ::'church; ·as.· efn~.loyer," righJfully . ·. . . which aregovem'ed. b,Y:cjvil.setyice law, rules exer6is!3cl ·' .its management ·pre~ogat1ve to .regulations (CON.ST.;Art. /X-B, Sec. 2 par.-1); dismiss :·thef r~ligigl.is.,mini~ter.as··. its . ertjploy~~ . ·6. .' Lqcal 'Water district (T[!rijay Water· District .. (Ai.Jstila v. Nt;Rc; G.R.. No. 124382, August .16, ·. · ,': . ··. .. · Gaba,tt:m, '. G.R,: No .. L:-6374_2, April · 17, 1,989); 1:~99).. . · ' . /. ·. .'.. . · . ·. . . · · . . . . . . . except. -wh~re· .NLRC jur-isdiction is· invoked · · · '· (Z.amboariga City Water. Dist'ri.ct v. Buat, GR. . · ,.·4, Qom~sticwor\<ers·o,kasamb~hay;. r ·fl!o.104389, May 27, 1994);.: ... ·. · . · .. . 1 .. Tt:ie ·ijggre~ate Money cl~im .doe.s l'.l.or excee~ ·: ,Note.:\.A ·h~s .jurisd"icti~n 'if t~ am~unt of claim .. · P5,000 pesos. and' .without claim ·fqr · ·exceeds· P5,000; otherwise, juosd°lction:is .with.· , · feinstatern'ent.' (Rajah ·Humabo.o- :Hote't1 ·Jnc: v'. .. DOLE ·Regii:m.~I D.ireqt9r' ·(CHAN,. Rev(eV(er;.· · . 'Trajano, G.R. N,os, 100222-23.' September 14, · · sapra,at 669}'. ··· ·. · . ... ,· . .. · .' .:... _ · '• 19.93); ·.. ."· . .. . . ·. . . 8. . Claim · of employee fQr ca.sh ·priz;e u'n9er. the i·. 'IRF{ Do~e~tic' ;~ct .pr~~ides' t~?t· all ' !rmovation Prog,ram .of .the company, although ·. rabor~relate'd'disputes ',shall pe ·filed· b~fore the .. ar.ising from empl<;iyet-errJployee.. relationship, is· ... · .DOLE; Field/Prov1ncia)/Reg'icll1'al 'Office havi.ng one requiring ·appl[cation of gen'eral civil..law on .. juFis~iction over the worJ
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Cau~e of action is based on quast-dellct or which 'has no reasonabte connection with any 'of the claims enumerated In Article 224 of the Code 'such as complaint for damages . for malicious prosecution _against the employer (Pepsi Cola Distributors of. tn« PHL., "Inc. v. Gal-Jang; G.R. N9, 89621, September 24, 1991); . 1 o. Complalntarisjnq from 'Yiolat(on of .a Iraining · · . ·a·gre·ement (Siiigap<;,re_· Airlines, Ltd. v. Pano; . G:R. No.. L-47739, June 22, 1983): . . · 1.1 ;. Whe"n ·the LaborArbiterls ah lnconvenlent forum under the':_bo_drine of forum. Non Conveniens .(Com_municationM_atefig_ls:&" Desig_n,'tnc:v. CA, G.R. No .. 192223,-Augusl'22,-19~_6).·. .:
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a. That .it· is expressly §.tipulated · in the overseas employment contract "that a specific for.eign Jaw shall gov~rn; · ·· · · · b. That the torelqn law [nvoked must be proven before the courts pursuant-to the Philippine rules on .evidence; . . . . c. That the foreign law stipulated in ·the overseas employment contract rriust-Not be· contrary . to law, morals; good -~ustoms, public· .order.. or P.L!bfic:-. policy of the Philippines; and . . _ . . d. Ttiat the overseas: employment .contract . must be ·_erocessed th.rough the- P.OEA (IPAMS v, De :Verc1, · G.R.· No. 2_05703, · Marcn·07~ 2016). · · ·
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Ncite: Under the ·Rule of Forurri on Non· Cc:iflvenlens, Phllippine Court or agerjc;:y .m~¥ 12. Termination of_ membership in a _g_oopeiatiye assume-jurisdiction over the case if it-chooses to organized. under RA. No. 69~8·;· otherwise · ~ . do so: provided: (CD!=)" . .. . ·. · . known as.. the Cooperative · Code of· the · a.". "(hat the 'Phlllppine Court is one to which the .r: Philippines. (R.A. Np. 6938, Art. 30); · -,.- .· . parties may Coriveni_en~ly resort to; - · . ,.1(~/"} · 13. Constitutionality of _g_BA Provisions. (Hafagil(!fia'· ·. ~~. b. ,That_ the Philippine Cou,:i fs in. a. positi9{tot,/,,\ · v. .PH Airlines, tnc., G.R,· No. :1-7201'3, October2,_ ,~_·· make-an i_ntelligent De.e1s1on as to th_e1,la.~.- _. ,·.,). ·2009); arrd · ·· · ~ · , and the facts; and. · · . · .... · ·J,.)A~._Thbse.,.,c,?vered by the rules on. _g_or.porate ~c:· G. That the Ph_ilippi~e.coui:t has ?r. IS hk:~l9'~!?~· /1\:_;_._~_:tel;lat>iOt~tjon(Molina v. Pacific.Plans, lnc., G.R, have power to!;nfqrce its c:!ec1s!9n;'.(Mam1a~"·t No:-'1•€>!31_.\6, August 15, 2011) .. _ · i<:Hotel Corp.· v, N1'.fJ.C, G.R:.•-;~pr 12007'.~l-.! j,F)N. . 0 ·_ • .. October_.13; 20'00). . \/~-(l_· . .,,;..:> _Note: All cJ~i{hs~~ga(ns~·a_.~ist_r~ssedcorpora~ion are. ~/ · · _ ·, · ... : · ·_. -. .. .:i~I,. f ... ,s-..,t' l"'f.. suspend~. ijTh~- 1_nd1~cnminate suspen~1~n .of ·~~ !h_e_c_o11tra~tual ct,o'.ce_of law ,s_~~.,r.a._eter1)1-Q,aJ_i,ve of f• ~ actions ;jfor~ clauns inter.ads .. to · expedite · the ('-. ·. Juns91ct1or:1 _ancUhat.,t m_erely 9~.f~mln~~~ha~law I~--- l;j rehabiliJ;itioriH of ~e · di:>tressed. c;:orporation by. ~_- ._ ·ap.pJ1~bl~ m· the. c.a_s_e .. The.~:;,,.µrt,;E.':il~~!;l.J?.he~~~ enall!{~~re:;.i'D°:$.~pgeme,:it· com_mittee or-._ th~ ii!_ · doptnn~ m .Ronfhc~~ o_f laVl'.. ~~~_s_,:w~~,r.E:J~e. P~-~ · _-t,-·/ · rehabilitati.on.'...r.e,ceiver to effectively- exercise · its }. .ll]~Y re~u~e_-_1mpqs1tj~n on its !u~1~1fP.Q~)~~re it 1_'s -· I:'/ powers free trqm any: -judic_ial o·r ex:trajudicial ~ _· not !~e most fOrJ'(er}let\f_ Or al(a1laoJ~~rfo_rum;~11d ~!fl!=) . p;_inj~fference.that might unduly hinder Or prevent-the _· _;; Pc!rt1es ar~ not precluded fr?m: see~t?.i/~~~1es..-,tl;,,.,.,·r~s~11e:-;;,PL t_he debtor _aon:ipany. The -Rules .on 1, ·.. else_wh.~_re. While. the _Phfl1ppJn:es·-~~pe~ts./A~~---u1c!.'Gl:>t-pofaTo....:Rehabi_lltation unifprmly applies ·to_ all {. P,13rtres a_uton.ory,y I? C?ntract, ~UC~ r_E{~PE:C~r-realc:I actions· f_or cla_il'ns ~IE:d against a · carporati_..on, · not . ,be. so - perm!ss1ve. as. to . Jqs~~~~_!g~t. ?f . partnership or assoc1at1on under' -managen:ient · or ·cons1der~tions:of law, morals, good customs;"'.~ubhc:: receivership, without distinct[o·n_ exciept· .those. order cir P':]bJiC, poliqy_1(4Sa2uod1ia5/·· R.ebesencio, G,.8. . expei:is.es jncun;ed in thE! or~inary course.ofbusiness. r:; · No. 198_!587, ~anqar:y , . ,_.,., · - · . . (Molfna_ v.- Pacific Plans,· inc., G.R." ..No. 16~476, f · - · · · . · · · · · · August 15, 2011). i'i-· ·.. In so:,uling, lhe,Co_urtcited'·tti~t the .all thei- requisites ~· for the exercise-of jurisdictiqn: are. present su·ch -a~_
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AH.lbe parties a~e baSed-.o~.. -the. .E.~ilippin~s i:: : . and 'all material incident_s. tral')spireq in this ~ · ji.lrisdiction; · . _ ·-. . :· · . · . · ,·.. :'.·· ·. · b:- The Philippine.Tribunals ~re \n 'th~ positio_n !-· · · .. ··:tp,make· an intellig~nfQe·e1siona~i'to. th~ law ~· . at)~·fac(s; and'· ·:; · ·.. . . . · c. Philippine Tribun~ls-can _sn:force its (;lecisior:i f ($a_udia v. RebesericiQ,· ~.R. ·No. 19587, . Jah~arr 14, ?01-5) .. · . · . ·' •' _ _-.. . , .
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Requisites· -for a- Eoreign ··La_w .io· .govern Overseas Eniployme'nt Contract... ·. .. A-'fo"relg·n Jaw .may ;govern overseas employment corifract when the followin!:frequisites are present:
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ARTICLE· 220:. NATION.AL· LABOR.. R.ELATIONS'. GOMM.ISSION. . . . • The NLRC is an.-administratlv_e quasf,.judicial bo_dy,_ var.id \he priric_iP.al government.a!;}ery9y_ttiat h~ars ar,id decides ·l_abor-m;mag~ment disputel>. It is attacheo to the DOLE for program and: policy co.ordination only (LA!?.OR CODE, Art 220, as"amer,qed by R.A.. No,· 10741). . .
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2019' SAN SEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATI_ONS I 205·
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.J-URJSDICTION·ANO.REMED·IES SAN SEDA LA_W CENTRA~IZED BAR OPERATIONS - MEMORY AID;:J.019
The members nominated by the workers arid employers organization shall divestthemselves of any· affiliation with, or interest in the. federation or 'assoclatlon .to ·which. they belong· (LABOR' CO.DE, Art. 220, 'as am_ended):. .
Cornposttlon
1·. One Chairman; and , 2. Twenty-three Commissioners (LABOR: CODE, .. Art. 220;as.amendecfby R.f'. .. No. 10741).
Note: Eight members each shall be chosen only from. among the nominees -of the workers and . : Note: The ccmposltlori of the NLRC is 'trisectoral. ·. employers orqanizatlon. The Chairman and. the . . ·7 remaining members shall come preferably . ·· · Trlpartism is the representatiort.of the three sectors. from the public sector, with the· latter to 'be . . .; in th'e policy-making bodies of the· government ·. chosen .from among the -mcurnbent labor :··. ·namely.(P~T): ', ' · .. A'rbiters·(LABOR CODE, Art,: 220, as amended). 1. .p_ublic.-or 9·9vernment;· .. , . . . 2.. .!;_mployers; and" · ·. · . . .· Coin~isirion en-bane . . . . ·3·: Ihe\york'e.r.s·(l.A~ORCODE,·Ar.t.·290): :fhe COmJi,Jss·;on Shall sit en bahc 011ly for purposes · · · ~ · · · ·· · . of· . . Tliefe ·is ~o : need. for ·'the C9ni~ission.. · on . 1.·. Promµlgati~g rules and regulations governing ... · Appointments confirm the position's in the'NLRC. the hearing and· disposition. of cases beforeits ·such requirement· '\i'as<no .,cons.tl.tu~i'onat. basts Divisions 'and Regional Arbitration ·Branch~~""=-~...:.~~roh_ ·v. · Ceret«, .G.F?: No ... 9.1636, Apri/ 23;
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~~1~u_latio~ · of. . ··p~li~!~s·· a~_~efrn;,;s . -adrnirustratlon and ope-rations ([!lfBcJ'ffiq9~ ...=: _.,,.~e '.:fre~iP:fJP!"-\.9._fat· least 2 Cornrnissioners of a .Ari. 2?0, as emended}. · . /~ .'\.,~- - . · DivlsrOQ_,~al.lJ,@{!stitute a quorum (Calderon· i,:• ~':-~_ljo'::9/tfj36, April 23, 1992) .. · .: . · En Banc Session~ ,"h ,if 1rn · 'T . w \ '\:" 1. A rnajority'of all-the members ~f'tn~r.Co missio_n A~\ Lf-b.e:con~urre~lf of 2-,fOn'lmissio·ner'sof a Division· may call a special en bJJ1,G ses§io'n t .1 discuss stJ.all be\ nece~~~rf)t~r:the pronouncement of .a · and decide 'on urgent ~hcf~ta,f matt~rswni~~ J~g~}or resQli'.fli~i;tf!-ABQR CODEE, Art. 220, as . . .need ir.nmediate.action-((,,/1.:-RG:ff!ULES.\RU!~C··;z~ ,-:;:,{j~end~&byR.A~Wo ..1'¢741).. . . · · Sec. 4 (a))· · -~ ~ef.'{M · \ . &.~ -· ·~ . · ·-,1 · 2.. A majorlty~{allthe.men,°b"erg:_gff~he~,~J~·~ ~~he· rf;hall·1'1?sign~te such n·umber of ·\ . , constitute a quor.um (N\Ff.C,rf:?~LE$'J)3P""@¥ ,.vn . ~ecision or. r~solution. of:·~ ·comm!~sio.o.~c_·,Jt'q-=r~~~op~. Ar,tl-22(!,·.as amende.d): . · · banc_("!_LRC RULES, R_ule Vll~ec:4{{g'r.),,,..::::.·~~~,::,. Jj-~y · ,. . · · ~- ..(_911 ·-,=-=-"""'<>'consult.atior:i:-: befpre :the ..' 9a~e is assjgne9.·:to: a · al}y' .. other .. DMsion who.s~· .. docket· ·allow$: th.e · merriber.Jor:-the· "VJ'itirjg of the.·opinipn: rt-shalt be . a~ditional wprkto·a~arid such transfer.win notexp<;ise . (lian.da~orxfor :the Divisi?n·. to. .meet fur l~e _'purpose litigants to uhnecessary additional. exp·ense.-(LABOR .· of the consulta\ior\ ordajn~d hereiR (LABOR,CODE, CODE, Art. 2.20:·as amen(led by R.A. 10741).. Arj.. 220, as·amenda.d}>. · ·.. . "" .. . . . f:Jo: . .. . .2.
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ARTICLE. ·221: 'HEADQUAR,:-ERS, BRANCHE$, . AND.~ROVlf"'ClAL .EXTENSION UNITS. · · · The Commission arid its 1 si 200 3ro · 4th 5th · and 5th . . • divisions shan have.ttieir main office~Jn Met~opo1itan . Manila,. and. the 7th and. 81h' divisions ·in .the cities. of . Cebu· and. Cagayari De Oro; respectively ..(LABOR GODE, Art. :221). . ~. ·~ . · . - . .- .. Compos'ition of a Division: ..1. · One Presiding ·Commissioner ·'{Public ·Sector); .. and. .... . '·. • . . . . 2. ·. Two . Members (W,orkers .· and Employers · Se~tors) (Lf',BOR CODE, Art: :f)s amended· 'lj}/ Ft~. No. 1Q741). .
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A certific,c;t)iorJ: to....thi~. effect ~ign~~ by..th.e. Presidfrig... Commissioner ·Of the Diyision'shali be issued ·and ·a. ·:· copy,·th.ere.ofalt?c.lied .to.the recor
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Di~~entl~·g O~f'r1!on. . . .. . . . . .Should any member of a. Divii;ion indicate his/her. intention· to. write: a disser:iting opinion,. h~/she f!Jay ·: fil!=l the.· sa.f!Je:·.withln the ,period presc'rib:ed. fqr deciding or'resdlving th.e appeal;· ott,ei:wi$~; suc:ti · . written dis~entlhg opinion st:ic,111. npt be .corisiqerEld . part. of· the recor(is of the case '(NLRC;:RULES, Rule VII, Sec. 6). · ..
CENT8ALIZED BAR OPERATIONS.
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SAN B£DA LAW CENTRALIZEDBAR OPERATIONS - MEMORY AID 2019
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Inhibition· No motion. to inhibit the entlreDivision of the. -~: Cornmlssion shall _be entertained.. ·,. · 2. Any Cornmlssioner may. inhibit himself/herself from the conslderation and resolution 'of ;iny case or matter before the Division and shall so state in writing. the . legal or. [ustifiable. gro\li'lds .. therefor. · ... 3. · In case 2 Commissioners in a 'Division Inhibit themselves iif a case or matter before ,t,. -the , , Chairman shall designate·· 2. Comrnlssloners .. .from other Divisions representlnq the respective fector of· the Commissioners , who · ,inhibitec!themselves (NLRC RUL,ES,"Rule V/1,.Sec, 7).•. ·
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Notwithstanding Article 227, the Supreme Court had "the following to say regardirig_th~ lax appliqation. of_ procedural rules before qlJasr-judicial _proceedings: Proceduraf rufes:a're no~ to be belittled, le1 alone-.. . disr_nissed' sjmply because their'. nori'-observiin.ce .may·: have .. rest.ilted in· prejudice to a p_a.rty's substantial rights. Utter disregarq of the .rules-cai1F1ot. · be justjy rati_onalized by harp'ing on- the. poli9y _of ll.beral· consttucti9n (Qaikoku Electronics PHL, Inc. v.,·
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. . . A formal or tric1l-type hearing is not at all times and · in all instances essential. to due process,. the: rE:Jquirements of. which are· satisfied where par:ties are· afforded -reasonable opportunity to explain their ' ·side of the controve.rsyat hand (Llora Motors; Inc. v. · Drilon, G.R. No. 82895, November 7, 1~89). .
Abstentlorr . . . Raza, C3.R. No'. .:181~8, June q, 2009) . .". · ·. · The Chairman. shall desjgn_ate such· number -of additional Comrnlssloners belonging: to the same sector from the · other Q1vis1ons as may. : be . . Note-: Res judicata applies only to judiciaj or quasi•. necessary. In the eve"nt th~t·:all the members of- a,u<;?, . judicial prpceedings and nol to the . exercise' . of . divi~i·on inhibit"thems!3lves'fro~·.res~l~ing ~ ca?e,)n.,fv)< adm~n!strat(ve powers as well as proceedings-purely_ Chairman may create a -Spscial D!v,sio~ or as.s19.1f,.,,fif_'\ .admin1strat1ve._ · m nature. Therefore, when. the the · case Jo any of the 'other Divlslons (N'lj.!f{Qi,t.: f!-f\ administrative proceedings take- on an adyersary RULES, Rufe Vil, Sec. 4 (c)). · , . . . ji /;,:j.1r;{!~...~-b!-!ra~ttlement .. shall ·be. cohsoUdat~d befor~: the ~~mt~i~~r·~o·· -, Th~ :Corrypiis'~io\ m'.'ly exert>all. ef!orts tow~r? tt:ie . whom the case· with the IOW!;!sffease "r;iurtrber. l~t · r·i\ am1cablw sei!rer:n~nt of a . labor dispute w1thm ,ts . assig,:ied (NLRC RULES, Ruld.N!!; jurisdicU6n (if/..RC·twr.ES, RULE VII,·Sec. 11) ori"or ' . . . . . \;.1:.7 ~ ~It-·. ; qefor~ilf-1ffr-sJ;~~n_g_ or during the m~n~atpry Notice of the consohdat_1on .sh~,!!.be:,WY1!1;by.,11\~-..: ~;,;( confe~e_nce~~...forthe purpm;e (NLRC RUL/;=S, :-' Executive Clerk or_ Deputy Exee:1:1Jf~~t.~lew.,to th,e ··., (rl·. RULE. V,. Sec.B(b); as amended by En Banc other members of the .~oncemed_.U)~Jsion~,,YNLf?C':· ).>-•',,...fl(!J._!f/J{uf;on No: 05-14r S~ries of~_014):·_';,yheth~r in. Rl)LES, RuJ1;1 VII,. Sec: 9). · .· ,.,-,}:~;;;;?.~i<JJipr_ '.ull s~t~lement _o~ _th_e d1spute,,-1t· ~hall be . · ,.tl1'~-:---;......,:ed_uc~~o wntmg 13nd signed- by -~he par:t1es _a.nd 'Techmca.1 Rules Not Bmdmg . · ·~~··._ · r~'['if . their . counsel ,()r · the .. patt1_e~'. .. au_thonze.d Th~. Rules of Prqced~r~ and Ev\d~nci(Pk~~.J1jnfl'i!1_. _·. represenJatjves-(Nl.:RCRt!_LES, R._U~~ V, ~ec.8 (p), · coµrts of law .;1r:id eqwty shall, not__ be contrqlhng a_ni;j . . EJ$. amendeq by .En. Banc. Resolution .. _No.: ..05-1"4, the ·commission shall us_e all. rea·s.onablti me.ans to.. . · . Series of 201'4). . ··. ascertain· the. facts . iri. eac.h.. cas~ . speidily: and . . . . objectiyely;. without regard ·to technical!fie_s of law or.· _ The.s~ltlement of cases on. ~ppeal, to _be valid and procedure, qll in th·e ii'ltei'est of due!'..process. (NLRC , ·:·. binding b~tween th~f parties, stiail ·be .apprpved b_y RULE_S, ~ule. VII,. S.ec. · 1,0)._..., . the· CornmisSio~.(NLRC_ RUt.:.Es;. ~ule VII; S~c: 11) .. ·
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Adminis\r.;1tive bodi~s like the .NLRB .are· not_p9und . by ttiei technical· niceties la\\!' arid ·proc:"edure and·. the rules obtaining in cp_u~s·pf law: However. while .it is true tha_t adriiinls~rative' -<;>r' quasi-judicial bodies... .. · .like the NLRC are no~.bound by:.the:t.ecf:lnical rules-.· . ' of . pr_o~edure : in the adjudication.• ~f ·cases";'" this . proced1:1ral rule shot,1ld not be construed,as-a license to .d_isr"egard.certl:!in fu'ndarrientj:ll evidenti~ry "r9les: . ' · The evidence' prese.nted must b~. sUbstc!A.tial ~osupport· . a finding Of concl1:1sion.... (Lepanto· C,onsolidated · Mio,ng co;. v. · Dumapi$, G.R -No,
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163210, August 13, 2008).
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Finality of Decision of th.e Commission . Gener.al Rufe; The decisions,: resolu~ions oi' orc:Jers' . of the Commission shall b.eco·me.final·arid executoiy ., after··10 caleni;tar 'days from re"ceipt.thereof by· the counse.l or. a'uthorized r_epresentative o·rthe: pf!rties if · not assiste'd by. c_ou~s.er ·or _representative (/1/LfW . RULES, Rufe VI!, Sec, 14)." . . . exc~ption: in c~se the ctecision: ir)c1u<:1es -an order of reinstatement; the Labor Arbiter shall· immedialely_ i~sue writ 9fex¢cution,even pehdiog appeal (NLRC RULES, Rt)le XI,. Sec. "12). . .
. 2019 SAN SEDA LA'f! CENTRAL,IZl;:D B~R OPERAilONS
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AND REMED· f ES MEM0R'f
JURISDICTION
SAN BEDA !.,AW CcNrRALIZED,BARo~~RATIONS:.
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In any event, the decision of the L.abor. Arbiter reinstating a di§miss'ed or separated employee, iris'.~far as the reinstatement' aspect is concerned, · shall immediately be executory, even· pending appeal. The employee s't:iafl,elther be 'admitted back Jo work under the same terms and conditions prevailing prior to. his dismissal or separation or, at the option of the emptoyer.rrnerely reinstated in the· payroll. The · posti.ng of a ·bond by the ·~i:npfoy13r shall not slay·the execution .for ·.reinstatement. provided . tretein (Baro.nda v.· ·9A,. G:R.· No, 161006; October- 14,. -~015): :. :: · . . .. · ' .. . ·
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ANO ARTICLE . ··222: · . APOIIIJTMEt>lt QUALIFICATION·s Qualifications of the··. Chalrman · and the comrnlsstoners: (R.EIV!-1§}. · · . 1: Preferably. a Resident· of the region where he is -to hold office· · · · · ·· · : 2. · .Mu~.t' have ·g~perierfoe or 'exposure i.n handling . labor rnanaqernent relations for at least 5 years; 3 .. · Must be a M,ember:of the Philippi11e Bar; and : 4. · Must have _been engaged in the. practice of taw . . in the ·Philippines. for at least 1.5 years (l:.ABOF;? . i:;;ooe, Aq .. , 222, as emended by R:A No.. 10741). ·.
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If ttie,Labor Arbiter ordered the· reinstatement of.an -. ·. . employeeandtheemplcyer opted toreinstate him in· ,· Duties of theChairman: {ACiA) . the .payroll, such 'employee lsnot-obllqed to refund: . 1. Exercise exclusive ~dmi!"istr~tive supervision theamount o(salary:i'eceived.dur'ing thetime he_h~ ·. ?~er t~e·Commissio~ a.nd)ts.'regional !;)ranches,. reinstated inthe payroll, should the NLRC reverse . · including theLabor.Arblters (LA.BQR-CODE, Arl .. saidorderof reinstatement on appeal (Garcia v, Plj;.::;-_;,,""=_. ?20, as ~mencf":d.?y.R.A:·No. 10741),' .. · . . Airlines, tnc., G.R. No. 164856, January 20 ,,?.@(7§'/.'· lT \ . ~~~aJI t_he_ Comm1ss1~m .to an en bane session. at . ·. · . · ·· ~ j:.J:~ .. ~- · j j\}ecJ.sftw.12e_a :>'.!:ar (J.ur:,_e and December) (NL_RC
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. ·th!!' decision, resol_ution, or ord.er.{tiall[b~,-enterJ;td4n''''''1F._."'.,..-P.,_~!1c-~f:~ kl.,/LIJ-$, Rule 11_11,. _sec. 4. (d)); a~d· . a book of entr!esof ju~gment /'/"::)-~ 'fB\ y 8?~~s::.t~ay~t~~ngComm1ss1_oner of tl')e First .' ' . {; ~J,};; . , . Jr· ~ ·.fJ\\. p1v1s1on {JW-fc;_F{VLES, Rule VII, Sea.· 4 .(d)). In th'e absence of retorn carql;l.,certifi~{tions1from th~- ;;.(')..;,:,.N. t .. ··,· \ . · \(,£!") \, · . th c· ; : . .- . ~- f th. post <;>ffi?e ·.: or th~ courii:!P~~tioriz_ed e~:-·A-:C~,S; .o\t ai:sen!'i,:I ... e. omm_1ss1~ne,. ? E: _Commi$$i~n ~r othe_r proofs,~~~er.yic9:to th~ p.al"it~~ Fsb~9nd. [o1x1s1.o.lj\ t;;s~!I~ .be the . Acting ~ha1r:man . .th~ ~e?UtiV~ C::l~~k or Dep~~~ffi,xe~ut1.ve Cierk_·s~al~ini%l~~c Se._~·_3).· · · : ·. ·. . . _ cons1der_th_e dec1s1on,_ resolLIJ1?n.:olj~rd~~!l~-;;;:S;-..:.I~f~i:r. s1~11 ·!}Pl/participate in the voting· b'y _ex"'.~':!_tory after· .60 calend~~}i'l¢~r~-_,_.~::;,rcf~~;4-1,~or!c\JJ:flter:>. · .. . .. .-. ·: . . · .. _: paten~ .er~ors, pn~v19~d.. . . . . :. "~ft ff~'-~~$~a,11"'1'6ld office during goo,dpehavior untit,th~y 1, That the motion 1s flleq w_1th1n .10-palen~a~ys . l. e age of. ~:S. unles.s~rernoved" tot causes ·as . fr~m receipt of de.cisicin, resolu~oh _b~ ?r'.?er;__ -~~~p'rovided by. law ·or ''becorriei. ·iocapaeitated . to 7; With pr~en furn.lshed: 11.'.i~hin the.reglernentary period;· · however·, that 'the Pre~ident of trie:'R.epublic onn·e . the a9\'erse p~rty;_ ~nd. · . . . _ ··. ·. ::·. Philippih~S .ma.y. ·extend ;:fhe· ·s~,:vices·. ·of·. the'-. · 3. · That-.only_one s~~h mo~ion frorn·the same p~rty. co111miss19ners. a.rid:· Laqm' Ai:biters: up ··19 ·the· _shall be entertained ·(N~RC . .RUtES, Ruf~. VII,. ~ maximum . a~~- ... of. 70 .. y~rars·. upon · the;. . Sec. 15). ·recommendation. of'. th·e · commission en· bane (LAB.OR ·coDE, Art; ·222,. as,amendf:!d·by; R-.A, ·No. Adjudicatio.n\f Ca~es-:~(o"C?) . . . .· 1'0741). ·. '• ··.·. . ': . '. .. . . . . 1: . The NLR¢ adjlldiqates Gases b_y Qfyision. ·., · ARt1cLE · · :223; _ .o.~o: _2 •. · It shall b.e.mandatory for-ihe div.ision,i~: meet for purposes. of £onsultation, .: · . · ·. : . ·OT,HER,EMOL:U~E:-NTS . ·. . . . .. . . . ·, . ; .. · 3,. A :C'eiiificafion · to. t~fs ·effect sig'.ned by 'the ·.The Ghairm-c!rJ and .members of the .,Commission : pre$iding. Coii,missioner of the db,i~ion.-~hall be sh.ail have the same .raril( recei.ve ail annual salary· issued,_ arid_ ·f ·c~py. tbereof. attached .to. the e.quivalenf to,: ,and_: be e11title.d to . the same record of the:.cas.e.ar:id served· upon· the parties allowance~·. retirement an'd;benefits·.as, those of the (LABOR CODE; Art. 220; · as amended by R.A·,. P~es'iding Uustfce .and Associate· Justices .:of 'the No .. 1.0741). . . ·.· ·court of Appeals·, respectiyeiy (LABOR CODE; Art; -~23). ·. · .. · . . . . ·. ·.: .. ,..
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J.URISDICTION··,AND :REMEDIES
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jurisdiction of LA v. ·NL~C .'.pOWERS AND·ounEs ·,ARTICLE 224: JURISDICTION OF '. THE }COMMISSION · t..: Exclusive and Original Jurisdiction of NLRC .) The .· NLRC. exercises . exclusive . and original ·Ha§ ·original. . and o·oes."not have original It_{ jurisdiction over the-following cases: (CV°IC)·. · . . exclusive · jurisdiction J.urisdjcti'on . but. · has .,; .. , 1. £ertified cases· - cases _certified to it for. (LABOR·. CODE, .A,rt. ·exclusive· appellate f; · compulsory arbltranon' tiy · the. SOLE under . 224) ·.: jurfsdiction over case ·J, · Article 278 {g) of the Labor Code or. the. · decided · · by · the LA . 'f ·.presidei'nt -unde'r Article 279 .{a) of. ..the Labor (L~BOR CODE, Art. · J.. Code.. . . . . . . . ?:17.(b)) 2. · Yerified·petitioh to annul or. moduythe order or ~: · . resolution: · (lncludinq :· those issued during } execution proc~edings} . of. th.e; Labor Arbiter J:.: · (Nt.RC RULES; Rule XII, Sec. 1). • . . . ·:': 3. · Petition !njunction in: · . .. . i\ · . .a,': Ordinary labor· cases · (LABOR CODE,: Art; principally vested'tn ·LA .Dlscharqes compulsory ~,~_:_·.. · 225.(e)); · . · .' · , . . . - .(2 AZUCENA, suprri at arbitration only .in the -~ · b. ·strikes and: lockouts · (LABOR CODE, Art.. : , · _37) exercise of its original 279); 'and · · · .. · . · :. · · · "../..'";; jurisdiction · (LABOR· }· . 4 .. _£ontempt:case~ {LABOR CODE, Art. -225) ... 11,(")")i · CODE, Art. 278 (g)).
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Exclusive Appellate Ju-risdicti.on of Nl,..RC }~,'..;..,/:i.~ p'~~ T.he·NLRC exercises exclusive appell.ate;1urisdittfq!1'.\: ,,?f .-., ,.__ . d, overthe follo,;\/in_g: (NOT5-LM~DE:.3rd). · · ~i:·''';°"~'. ."~.'.;'"':crr'.'.;\ · 1. _ Cases ~ecided br .th~ Regional_ O_!f!~~~~of'th~"./ t)(l · ~.':'--':.~~, DOLE .m the exercise of thet()1dJ';ld_19atoiy1-;-~ · . . . functions · under Article 129 · over:: !,'~onetar:s,;r--1,, . claims, of workers '.N.21- exc:;~b.din'.~/(f.?.tOO~ it ;/ .(1.ABO_R9,0DE, Art. ·129; ?,..(:i'tiC.Ef':IW~rup~a .~t . fl . i1
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Proceedinqs Appeal before the-NLRC cannot , : .be considered as part of · the arbitration prooeedlnqs. When .the LA renders its decision, ·c
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babor Code/LABOR-COD~\ Art.;:::2-2ll~(b),1c:ft\q ,· r"·, . · _under the Pv'.'1granI Worker's A'cff.B,.~~'J$/q.B04?, ; ;1.t1 The.: . N~~G _ha~ . ~unsd~ction to . determine, . -Sec. 10, as am~naedbyR.A N<:1.. ,10022); . ·· · )f_~prel!mmanly;·_ the parties' .rights· over a property, 3. -C~ses. decided by_ the· L~b_or Arb1f~i~;~.:.f>~W.f!,ge '1_~i::essa~t~ det_ermine ~h issue related to .Q1stor'tlon . problem ·. m · r;ian-urnon_1zelf.".,....4il.!::.ngtits,.0r1.cla1m~ ansmg from an employer-employee ... : : establi~hrne_ry! (LA.B?,R ~ODE,. .Art;fj~4);i{['-!ft · .. · rel,ationship. (Mila[J· v. NLRC; G.R. Np. _202961, 4: : Orcler issued m relation to _enforceme.:(lt:pbv,,>erof·. · February 4, 20.15). ·. · th_e·Regional.Director (LAf,3,0R ·qJDE;'-AFt:.128· . (b)); and . . · · · . · , : Note:·. 1. · If i::ompl~frit is -t,r0uQ_htbefore the DOLE give q.: Denial ·of .the. claim "of .the '3rd par.ty.-wh~re.. effect ·to the labor st<'!hd~rds · prqvisions . of the · •·pr9perty· -.yas- !¢vied. by thE:l. ~heriff of. Labor .. · Labor C_ode or other labor legislation, an·d there Ar.b[ter.can be app.ealed.to the· NLRC (Ytip;tmgco· · !s fi_nding by the DOLE th.at th~re is· an existing . Cotton Mills- v. Mf!ridoza;_' G.R -NQ. 1399}2, , ernployer-etnploye(;): -rel.$tioriship._-- the 'DOLE· ·M.arch 3, 2005)."'- · . · ... : · · :: . · :· exer~ises. jurisdiction to. th.e. excl.usion ' of the NLRC. . , . N'o Ap.pell.~te'Jurisdicti_on over Decisions· 2 .. If tti'e D.OLE fi'nds· thaUhere' is. ~mployer~ende'red by:· (VSB) . ·· · emp!oyeei.. -relatio.nshrp, : foe, . j1.frisdictiori' . is 1. Yolurit,;iryAi:bit~ator; ' properly'.with-the NLRC .. :". . ·. 2. ; ~QLE;'.an~ . · . . • · . . . . .. 3. lf:a complaint is filed.with-the DOLE, and it is· 3. !!LR Director on cases 'appealeMrornthe DOLE' accompanied by. a, claim .for reinstatement, the . Regional Offices (2 AZ.UC'ENA,supra/! 77). . junsdi~ticin is. properly witll the. Labor. Arbiter;. 'under Article-21-7 {3) of the Labor.Code. · .' ., Note:· ·such decisions niust ,be. appeal~ct to.-the . 4: l(a corriplairit 'is filed with tfie' NLRC, and tliere · CA(ld.);° .. is'• . still a.I"! . existing : einploy(;)i'-employee relatiQl'.)Ship, the·jurisdiction is:·properly·with the DOLE. The findings-of the DOLE. however, may still ·be questioned 'through·. ~ . petition for
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2019 SAN SEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPl;:RATIONS
209
JU.RIS·D.ICTIQ·N BARAN:D .REMEDIES · SAN BEDA LAW Cf:NTRALIZED
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certiorari under Rule 65 of 't)le Rules of Court (Pf:!ople's Broadcasting· Service v.: Secretary of · (he DOLE, G.R, No: 179652, March 6, 201Z). ···' . . . . App~a.ls from Decision of Other A~encles .. · , ·The fules governing ,appeals from the d~cisions or orders ot'LA ·_shall;apply to app~~ls to :th!;!- NL.RC from · decisions· or ord~rs of-the other offices. or agencies appealable . to. the Commis~ion accordi"ng to .law . (fvLRt Rl./LE_S, Rule VI, _Sec. 11)'. . · . . . ·.. ·
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Where to File It should be filed at the app~opriate docketing unit of the Reg,onal Arbitration Branch. (RAB) or. the· . Commission (NLRC_ RULES, Rule Ill, $ec. 3). · Regional Arbit,:ation Branch _is ·any of-the reg.ion"al ·arbitration bran"ches or" sub-regional branches ofthe . C_ommission:(NLRC RULES, Rule II, Sec. 1), . ln.-.the · even( that"the · pleading·~ ;:ire filed thrqugh registerecf . mail or co1,.J_rier ·authbri;zed ... by the . Commission.· the date of mailiAg shall be conside"red · as the date of filing thereof (NLRC RULES, Rule f!/, _. Sec. -3, as_ainended by En Banc Resolution NO: 05- · f4,: Series bf 2014): ·
20:ti NLRC RULES OF
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\.· :.~... Proofof-Setvice · v . [See Flow9hart"provide.dinp.25n . <, ~ene~al.R_ule: A pa_rty filing a pleading shal! serve _ · .· . : ·· · . . , ...?":,,.=,==~9J?gos1~gparties wit~ · a.. copy and ~ts SUPP?r:ting · Construction · . ef?"~ 1f ~.oc,Ql'ne.!J!S-_No p)~admg· shall be considered without The. NLRC Ru(es ·of Proc.~dure. sjl_~J~...~i: Hti~,€;!1Y \ ,J'r:~f:,f J>fl'e~ee to- ~hlil._opposing parties ~NLRC construed: . ·. . ./ ~ } [,. - ~::~13JJJ/i.S, '{'!te...#~ Sec. 3). · . . 1. To carry oi;it_ the objectives 9f'~tfe..2':C«3M~t~~n • .:,,....~=--* ·_. -~~~ !Y 4t,,}~.· · . , · the Labor (?,od~ of the Phij1Bpine,{l,•,;.i'np~,etl1er''fc. E-xc.~Rt~~:-.fUJle~flful~aneously-dur.mg a schedule relevant leqlslations: and / .1, j"ID befo[e ti\~~a..,15$-~{bit.er (NLR~ RULES, Rule 111, z. . re. a~~ist t~e p~rtie~/ in_ "9f!~-iniw~ just, -~. · -~c. 3). \ \ f ! 't . exped1t1ou:,: a~d . me,sf)~.r:!.§.!!'~!reso1l!l!!Q!J,.;§nd i . · . settlement- oHabor di~p~te"S:fJVLRClR!.lfsS~.:....I :1 s_;,~-~e. uof .No;1~-:J.\ ~esofut1~ms, Orders and .Rµle 1. s_ec. 2) : ·. . ·i_'-""-i ,V · -._ · \ I t~~_e,s101p l ~ _ . . ·
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Applica,bility ofthe.Rules-qfC]n'.l'if. (~\, ?.;....._ ~~oae~Nf~ryfi in :~~s~ o! Notice~.and ~opies The pertinent provisions of tl'1ie1•Rtn:"~s of~~~lie~ · ·J)i~r~eJ9Ju!ln oriO.~def;s.. · · F;hilippfrl~S may, ii} ·the' . ;fii;¥/~st eJ~5eifiiu~ c9,fes ~f j.esolutions_ or" orders shall_ be . dispE:nsation of · la_b~r. _justt_~e _an& w~e'il~e~' - ._ ~~IY,__€{t,_)'pon 1):i_e parties: _ --.- , ,. -. · _. practicable.and convenient, be ~phed ~-aria~-~r0.«~1YF?ifso~9.lly, ./ · · ·_ . · 1n:a,suppletory character.and eff~r[-NL,.R~~pt~IEN':(i~Y-~$g1~tered 11.1~_1! (~M); or . _ _ _ Ru/Q 1,' Sec., 3). ·' · ,,, . . ~\--. ·--::..~~--.Jtf.'_90\Jf)tli;. a~1ffior_1ze_~by the C~ITTIT)ISSIOQ, upon """""""'-"""'"-'==..:,.the.:pf!;l!;~_l!>'y tpe batllff,or ?_uly authorizecfpublic PLEADINGS, NOTICES, AND APPEA~.c5£'i · · ,. \°'?ffi\e]:JN~h1n3 ~ay~- from. his/her _receipt thereof. _ · .. · .. ·.: . ·.·:. ·_. · -~~ _. .. _ ~~~hl:Jt_fC_RUL_ES, RufeIll, Sec._ 4_(a)r : _' · ComP,l~mt or P.et1~1on 1s a pleading allegin~ the ·. - . · · · . . Cc!U:ie-_ cir cau~·es ~f- _i:ictiori- of "the_ ~pri1plainant. or . . ·Mod~s of Ser-vice in case of Decision an~ Final _. petitfjm·er(NtRCJ:WLES;_i~ule !II. s.~c;, 1 (a)}: ·: . , AWarcfs . · . . . .. . . . . . . . __ · · · · •. · : General·Ru!~: Copies ofdecrsions and firial awards Corite~ts' bi _c;9.rriplalnt _of Petltio~ ".{f>-~ON) .. -·.. sh_all be seNecf ori both Pi:lrtie.s_and their counsel•. · _1. "Nc;1me$_.and adqr~sses' of.ail -~o·mplaihants or ·,1. By.personal service; . ·' . ·fi:}titioners (C/P)"; · . . . · . . ·. 2. ·. Ely-registered mail; or· .. · 2. -Nciryies and' a'ddresses of tl')e Eespor:ident~; . ·. _3_-· J3y c~urje, -auth.orized by·.\lie . Comm.ission. o~ 3. It mus~ be _s_i~n~d ·u·l}~er Oath. by tt:i.e ClP,; ·!=ind. . ... ·. both. parties and· th'eir·counsel 'or representaiive : 4. · Wit.h. a·_ declaYatiqn of · ,Mon-forum, shopping · _(NLRCRULES,Rul.e"J.ll,Sec. :4 (b), as amended·· (fYL_RC..RULES, Rule m, S~c. 1 (a)).. . ·_ -- · : · Py_· En Banc Resofutibn.. "fl!o. 05~14;. Series of · 1 · · · •, -· · · .. • . • 2014:). . . ··' .
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21 Q I -20~9 SAN . . BEDA LAW CENTRALIZED . . BAR OPERATIONS
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JU. RISDi·CTION. AND.REMEDIES .
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SAN BE.'DA LAW CE.'N:TRAilZE.'D BAR. OPERATIONS, - MEMORY AID 2·019
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Requirements:· (BSR) .· : . . a .. Certification from the · Bureau· of Labor Relations (BLR) ·or Regional Office of the. Department' of Labar and ·. Employm.ent attesting that . the organization he/she represents is duly registered and. listed in ' the roster of legitifT!ate labor. organizations; · b. Verified certltlcation issued by ttie §ecretary and attested to by the president of {he· said orqarilzatlon sta~irig that he/she .Is authorized to ... represent· . tbe · : sald orqanization in the said case; and· · ·
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made on counsel and 'upori- ·such number of '~. ·complainants, as may be practicable and shall .be consid.ered substantial compliance, with- A_rticle 230 .,/· (a) of the Labor.Cede (NLRC RULES,.Rule .I/J, Sec. ( 4 (b}; as-entendeq). . .· . .' ~..' . . Th~ period. ~f ·_a.ppe~I shall· be .counted from receipt }C-. · of such · decisions, resolutions, or orders .by the )'.: . counsel or representative of record .(.NL.RCR.ULES, ,·, Rule Ill, ·Sec. 4 (b), as amended). . . ~ . . . ~ . . ,, · Rei.urn (PersonalServlce) .. · . ~-·· The'-fotum.'shall.be submitted by the baiflff or officer -~: . within 2 'days from date of. service (NLRC RULES, &, Ru(e Ill; .Sec. 4(c),. as <emended by. En Barie :!;,. Resoiution.No.. 05-14). ·. ·. · · · .
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c. · Copy of the Besolution of the board of . directors of the 'said organization granting him such-authority (NLRC 'RULES, Rule Iii, . · Sec. 6· (b) (2)). · . ·
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3. He/ she represents-a ivlember or members of Cont~nts'of Ret~~n: . . .legitimate labor. organization. 'that ·_is. exlstir1g ~,, ·1. His/her name, . . . . .. ,.---':\ . within the· employer's establishment, 'who are· f . 2.. The names of the ·p~rsoris served; and · . /,,/J/J ( parties to the case (NLRC RULES;·Rule II/, Sec.. \. 3. Date. of. receipt-(NLRC RULES, Rule Ill; Sec//:'\ . · , 6 (b) (3)); · · · . . · \. · 4(cJ): · .· ·. · ... · ~ · ·.. · . · ·· · · · · · · . · . \ / · . ,,., ,.;/ · .R~quirem~n,ts:· · · · ·... · .· · contents of _the. Return Card/ Proof of s~&·.! .;r:' · tr=-. 1N~r~i~d certificationattesting that he/she is Registered. Mail "Or ·Courier au,hori~~~by the~..Y '...:'-atithptiied·~y such 'member or members to . Commission · . · . ·. ,,,,~_.., · j.'l.....J,1 · ·repfeserit lnem in,the case; and. . 1,. N!'lnie'o.fthe.'addre~see;·a11d. · ~--'.,.!. ·!\ . b. V~{rtir\certific.ation is·~ued by the se.oretary 2, !Date ~f receipt· (NLRC RULES;,..-.~eIJ(t.S.'(jc. . · ~f>'d tte~t~d to t?Y the p~esident of the said . 41I'c)). . .· · · . · r: J .·Ifg'fga I,'izatton ·:;-that . the e:1P \J ~~. ,,. • ·\\ . stating . . · person or . . . · · · ·. · . . '// ...,? .. R:<..0.. ·. , . ·E~~~-J~e/st\e _. · is ,r~pr~sentii:g.-. .a~e Noto: If no service Wa~effev~¢'U'~"f6g~~\1the1<~?f • f.'/j ~"'!!:Wi;i}~~r~/.E>~ths\rorgarn~t\on_ ~h1ch · 1.s shall be. so stated · (NLRC RtJt?..ES,;,fil:!!'!"[!,11,~~ . "-·e~f 1-;( 11 •• I ·. I . 'J . '/
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Ptciof -~~.C·o~plet~~~ss~t'Se~ic~' k~;i:~H~l she i~. a auly-'a~~re~ited memtie.r. oi ~ny · Registered Maj_) ·or Courier. ·~uthor,fied by;.'tt,ie~.:;'.'.:..:::.i!..',?.i:Qg[a~id office recognfzed by.:the DOJ·or IBP · Gommis,sion is_-qeen:iS?.C(?n'lpl_ete:. · :·ly{-, .· ·.ftd .. ·. (N~F?CRU/...ES, Rufe IJ/,.·S~c. 6 fb)'(~)); ' · 1.'· Upon receipt by the addresse.e·or h'is_[h~r;3gen_t · : · . . · . . · . ·. , . ·.· · . 2 .. lf.:aqdressee fails to. claim-the mail fronfthe'J,'ipst . · 'Requirements.: . . . . . . .. . office·.~·5d!,lys fr~ni the. cla(e of first notice .of the :··. , ~- ·. , Proof ?f h).s/.her acereditati9ii; and . . postn'Jaster:.(NL..RCRULE$, Rule Ill, Sec:-5). ~- Represents· a.· pa_rty. to· tt,e .case· (NLRC . . . , . . .. · . ·· · . ·. · . · .· RUU;S, Rule Ill; Sec. 6 (bJ-(4)):;.. . ·... . .·'\ .. N<:>te: . Th~ ·r:eturri. is pri,:n?i facie p.ro~f of the tact; . • ·\ · . . . -:· ·. indicated therein (NLRC RV~S. Rule l/1, Seo. 5)'. 5, Hei she is the Qwn~r. pr~sic,lent.<:>n=iuth6iized·· ~· · · · · · · .. · · · · · · · ... persoh ofa corpo.r~tion.or es\~blishment.which·
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~~:~t.;.~~i!~pre~~med.tb\;Ei'~ro.~eFl~~lJ~hori;edJpr that purpos_e. (NLR€ RULES, Rule Ill, Seo. 6 (a)).. . . . ·: . . . Gen.~r'al R,u.le': Q~ly ·,awyers ca_n· appear before the NLRC or·a L~b_pr A_rqit~r._ · · · · E~cep'tions;i ~-0:n~ia~yers·.ca~ appear only 'in. the . following:ir:istaf)ces~.(PLl\lf-LO):' . , . . . . . 1. ... Hel she represents himself/tierself as Party to · '. · the-case (Nl:.RC RULES, Rule /II, Sec. ·f?{b)-(1)); . .2. . i-fet she . ·repre.se·nts.. a ,begitirn.~te lab!'.)r . · ·. . org~nization wtilch is ~ party to the_ case (NLRC · RULES, Rule 111; Sec. _6 (b) (2));
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-~~~-p~1;)}~~he case (NLRC P/.JLES,'Rule'!II,. ·~ ... Req~irem~nts: .. · · a. Verified certificati9.n.attesting :t!1at·he/ -she is · · . authorized io_-r.epresen.tsaid corporation or ·establishment; and ·. · · · . · . b. Copy of .the resolutiori of the . board . of . directors of saitfoorporation,'or' other' similar iss:Ue_d resolUtiOI'\ qr instn.1ment . by. sc1id establishment', gran.tln_g.: him/her -such · authority (NLRC RULES, Ru/~ iii,_ Sec. 6 (g)) 0
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JURISD·ICTION.AND R·E_MEDIE.S Note: Appearances of a non-lawyerin contravention of this section shall .not be recognized in . any · proceedings befote. the- Labor . Arbiter or the ·commission (NLRC RULES._RtJle 0/, Sec. 6 (c)).
·
for Appearing · ·Nonlawyers, . . . 1: The complete name 'and office address of . counsel -or .authorized representative shall 'be made of record..and · . . -2. The adverse party or his-courisel or. ~uthoriied representative shall be. properly. notified (NLRC . . RULE$,Ru/.e Ill, Sec: 6 (d)).. · ,' . . . Co'mmon- Requirements
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b. · Where they are supposed ·. to re.gularly r~ceive their §alarie$ and wages; . • . c.:. Where they are .supposed to receive· work !nstructi6ns ,from; ahd· · d. Where -they are ·supposed 'to. report the · .Besults of their . assignment to the'ir · ·_ . ernplaye!rs (NLRC RULE§, .Ruf~ 'IV, Sec, 1}-
Rules or:i Venue · . ·2 Regi9nal 'Arbitration ·branches have jurisdiction, 'the .'b~ancti that first acquired jurisdlctlon over the. case shall exclude ttie .· others (NtRC:RUl,-,ES,Rut'e'iv, Sec.,-1 '(b))..... · · ··• ' ?· When venue-is not cibje_cte.d to. before "the first Appearances may -be made · orally' or. in writing -scheduled mandatory c.onf.e.renqe,· such issue . . (NLRC RULES, Rufe.·11/, Seq. 6 (d)). : .shau be deemed waiv_ed.(NLR.C RULES, Rule . . IV, f- (c), - ~s emenaed ·b-y· En ··Banc 'In case· of change or address, 'the- counsel or · ResolutionNo. 11-12): · representative shall file. a . ~otic~. bf. such ctianj.~!;-.:..' . ~~. . . . . . . . · cqpy furnished the adverse party and c~y;.ire1 o'r. ~n'a.Jtge,_,_~f-Venue : · . . .· . . representative, if any (NLRC RULES, FJ,.t:1fe lfl~c. !• • ve,"l:tiffEl!Ybe changed or tra0s:~r~ed:_·,. ._ 6(e)). . • · ·J,. ~,;,.:;=<~:""'-,1:}y wvtt~J'.L~9feementOf the partles; or .. . -2 .. :-:·weerr"(he£orjimisslonor· Labor Arbiter before Autho~ify to Bind-Party' · -~'(.;:.,:f;:r ~.,.._:-.-:=_-,:;;., 'is pending orders, upon _ Gen~.ral Rule; Counse) of~~t.h.r(/'al\tlforizJ~) •,w m~llor:i"b.f~Pf}).}qper,party·in rnerltoriouscases · . reptese_ntativ~sof parties shal~have,~hori~ to bin'.a. 11,ll. · ,tA\ (f\Jt.1e RP.!,Lf.S,,,,RteIV;. Sec. 1 ·(d)). · . ._ . their clients m- .all matters J/of prqeedur (NLRC a . \ f Jj) · · <. . RULES,_ Rufe Ill, Sec. 7). · . ;·t ij-----~~'-V.imi:ie'ilj.OFW 'f;asel'\ , · .· · . -~ses m~yb~~file? _befc:,re RAB. having : . Exce~tlon: .9_omprom1se_. .•· ~gf-_ee,. enr with' tF~-, 1oiJs_d1ct~nover th:S•Pl1c,r.. . . . . :' . ·. . _opposing party_m iull or p.:itt1~l-dfu.qt'/rrg~·~1,.clle_r,fs"'-~~~1 .. · .Wl},ef,~9iec8rnplat1antr.es1d,~s; ·or .. . claim (SPA or express cons)jHUl! ~sy~qw_ ~ct,~"('I[_Uf(f ;,,1' · !,.ef~·~~~!~}. thel-,p~,e~1wa1 officq: of. a~y- of· lhe , RU.LE~, R11/e Ill, -~ec.. 7). · · \ 1 · _.,.. \_ ·~~·'f~~,.. ;eef'p~denttl_is s1,tl!lated, a~ tbe option. _of the -· : . · · . . \ -· '\:{ '%[5?~~·. .,~~j;llainW1.t (N,LJC-RULE;_S, Rule_ Sec. 1 VENUE, ASSIGNMEN.T -AN_D\DISPO~_ITl~o/~:"<..;,J ..~ ~~~~'~ }).... _,f. >.·, . ·'. . . . _ CAS~S· AT THE. REGIONA~, ARJ,3.IT.~~~~f~~ . ~T_ · · .. ·: ... · · : .:. : . BRANCH· · ·.. - .· _ ~ . ;;,~ ~~Ra J~--tln~~~sl_ men~ of Cases . . ._ AJI· _ cases _which LA~ have· author~~~-"j~~~"FFi~,fi:~~uJi~ILabor· J\rbi~er sh.all· be resp_onsit;>)e de·cide maY. be filed· in the Reg1onal~~1.tr:aJfon \\ ;f flil~r"7t!le\,Wr.illtiedia.te rafflet anc:t ,assignment of· all · . Branch,(RAB~ haV!ng'juri_s_diction over.the' ~clrkp~ce·_ -~ainfs' a_n<:l petitlomrliled witb h_ist h-e~,RAB,.and qf t_he.cornplaman't or petitioner (NLRC RULES, Ruf~=:.:...,,. e , ·1mmed1ate forwarding oi · all subsequent JV, 'Sec: -1)'. · ... · .• : · · .. plEmclfn·g$:arid-motions.(NL:.RC RULES, Rutefv, Sec: ·1·. · Whete
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P.rocedure:on ~enue was merely · permissive; for Sec:. :I (;:r), Rule IVofthe.NLRC·Rules . uses 'the ·word<"may,". allowin'g'a 'different venue. ·, . 'wheo .the interest of suostantial justice ·demand$ .a .. · :: differ.ant one (Dayag v. Caniza,res, G.R. No. ·124193,· March. 6, 1998), ·. · ·. · · · · · Workplace.is.· defined a~.: (AR'F) '· ·
·. ··1.: T,he ·. pla.ce :or, !ocaiity · where ·the . err_iployee is r.eg1,.1larly ~ssigri~d at tt:ie time -the· cause· of action' aros'e;'" . . . . ·_ . . ·. · 2.. The· place wh~re the employee is. supp9sed to .Beport back ; after a .. tempo~ary detail, assignment, or travel! and ·: · .. · . 3. · In ca:;;e of .E,ield employee~. -a_s well as arnbul~nt or. itinerant workers, their workplace is: (A-SIR) a._:. _Where they are re.gi.il'arly ~ssigried; · .'·:· .
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. . IJYitq_iri-_. ·24: . hours fr~~ i'eceipt. : all' pleading's·,and .. · motions su~sequent to. the fili"'g · of -:the coryiplaint shall be forw·arded to the;Labor Arbiter before whom the case i!>· pendir:i~r (N_LRC"RU.LES,!Rufe iv. Sec. 2
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·.consolidation Cases ·and· Comp.1.iiints:_ . · -~e·q·uirerhenti: (CEC) · · .. -- ·. · f Two. dr m·ore ~ases· or: ~om.plaints p"ending ·. .. before·different Labor"Arbiters in the-.same RAB; · .. ~' ' 11 inyolv~;,. the: ~ame: ·gmpl9y'e~ . and common- . . · .. prin~ipa1· causes of action; or . . ·· . · : · . 3. · · u involves-~s·ame.parties with'. different..~au:se o( . . · actiqn (NLRC RULES, Ri!le IV; -Sec, :3). · .. . . . . . - .·.
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cases or complaints shall be willi the first to avoid unnecessary costs or delay. Such consolidated cases or complaints shall be disposed of by the Labor Arbiter to whom the first case was assigned {NLRC RULES, . Rule IV, Sec. 3). · · .
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In ·case of objection to tt1e consolidatiori; the same ·sliall be resolved by the Executive Labor Arbiter. An order resolvinq a motion or objection to consolidation ~: cannot be appeafed (NLRQ RULES, Rule· I.V, Sec. 3).
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t...:ote: Within 2 days from dateof service, the bailiff or officer serving summons. Shi:111 'submit the return, The return · shal] be. immediately. attached to the record? and·shall be part thereof. If. no· service· was effected, the reason thereof shall be stated·(NLRC RULES,.Rul~ V,,·Secf 4/_
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Prohibited
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(C2EJR212.QN02) 1. Motion to Qisr,iss the complaint except on the
ground: of lack of [urlsdlctlon over the subject m'3tte·r, improper . venue, res Jucicata, When the Secretary of Labor and Employment,,~q~~.,;;~. ix-escriplion and forum .shoppirig; · assumed jurisdiction over· a strike or lockoLit;·,61;1.f·, ,{~ 1- l'f\olion to declare respondent in Qefault; certifie? the same '.o·the ?r'>. Art:m~t . .J ·. e-xe_~!:!-®L1r·or_._. . .. . . . . . . · concerned shail. f?rward th~ entlr~;r~cor1s, of t~e ~-·!. . .d. Denyi_ng a motion.to qu~~h.'A'.nt ~f e~ecut,on. · case to the Comm1sslon or to the Secretary 9J)!-:abor, 1 l-1\.,,Appeal, fro.m the Issuance of. a ·cert1ficat§! of· as the case may be, for proper disp~sition,(JYLRC ,1-·· ~····,. ,:/D!1:c!U!Y.:~fdecision ~Y the Laber Arbiter; ' . RULES, f?ule IV, Sec. 4). · .,..;"~:!£.::::::--.~---=---:8/..:.qv1eti0_AJ tcf · Quas_h . and/or Motion. ·10 Lift f~('-i. ·Garnishment !f a petition· -had been filed under PROCE.EOINGS BEFORE THE~r--.tfABOR Rule XII; . . ARBITERS · · · ·.,··'-' ~- Motio.n for New trial; , 10. Appeal from:Qrders issued ~y the Labor Arl;>iier in.the course-of execution proc;:eedings; and· Jurisdiction of Labor Arbiters. 11. Such Qther pleading_s, motions and petitions of (Please see the discussion of Jurisdiction wiC:er similar nature intended . to circumvent· above Labor Arbiters) · . provisions (NLRC RLIL£$, Rule· V, Sec. 5, as 'summons amended by En Banc Resolution No. 02-15). Within 2 d':lys from receipt of a :;omplaint or Motion to .Dismiss amended complaint; the LA shall issue the required ,. When F.ile · . , . sumi:nons, attaching th.ereto a copy of the complaint 1. Before the-·date s3t for Mandatory Conciliation or amended complaint and its annexes., if'any (NLR_C ~. and Mediation Conference (MCMC) (NLRC RULES, · RULES, Rule V, Sec. 3). i· Rufe V, Sec. 6). . ' · Contents .of Summons:. (DTP) !:" ··· 1 .. Q.ate; · · · moti-m shall be allowed ~r eliteriained atter the lapse._ot-µie ·peri0d (Nl.:RC R(jLES, V, .Sec; 7,. · t· 2. Time·; and As ameof!ed by En Banc ResotufonNn. 02-15). . 3. Place of the. mandatory .. conciliation and ) I· mediation cc::mference in Z settings (Nf:.RC· 1 RULES; RULE V, Se.c. 3).
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Note: The motion shall· be .acted upon by the Labor Arbiter before the jssuance of an order re-quiring the submission of position paper. An order c:t~nying the motion to. olsmlss or. suspending its resolution until the final. determination of'the case, is not appealable · (NLRC -RULE$, Rufe V, Sec 6 as emended by Eh . Banc Resolution-No. 11-12). . · '
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It must be ~pproved by the LA'before whom the case is pendinq {NLRC RULE.S, Rule \I, Sec. 8 (c)). . ..
Formal ~equirements 1 .. lri writing; .and .. . . 2. · Signed in the presence of the regional -dlrector or hts duly authorlzed .representative (U.nion of .
. . Mandatory -~oncjUati.ori ... and. ME!dlation. · · Fjlipino_..W,or~ers. (UFW) v. NLRC, · G.R. ·.No. Conference : 90519) M~rch 23, 199.2).·. · Purpoae; (AR-NIET) . : :1. ,:·Amicably. settling. the case upon. a. fair ·when CompromlaeAgreemerttsmaybe Effec.ted . Gdmpro'mise;:. . . . . General Rtile:."lt may eftectedat apy st?ge bf the. 2, D~termir,i_ing"the-Be.:il parties if.1 l!'lterest; ·proceedings and evenwhen.there is already a final · 3. D,etermiaing the N_eces~ity. cif arnendlnq the ei~ecutory j_udgmenf(Cl_VIL COOE,;Arl,.20.40). · . ccimpl,air:it and including air causes.of action; . . ,. . . . .. ·. . · 4.: · Definiilg 'and simplifying .the Jssuel> in the case_; · · · Note:. Righ\s may be wa_iyed tJ.,_rough- a compromise · . 5. gr:,tering into· admissions' or stipulations of facts; aqreernent, notwithstanding a final judgment 'that . and ~.· . . . . . · ..... ., -, . . ..--.,:;,::::=--,,,&!!f. already:.settled' the rights· of. th!:l' 'contractlnq 6. Threshing out all other preh_m,_nar~tters ,,. ~anfe-s~obe binding, the comprornise.must be,. . . . , (Nl,...RC RU,LE;_S,·f!ule V;.Sec:_ 8). .,,,'-' . f~ . i\fV~l~~a~HY,fr.eely, intelligently execu.t~tl-by"the 1 : . , .. t.. d ... ,,;;..,,;b·~Ch, -[ · ·: -~~. mirtr~s. wf\~ttad fµII knowledge of the JUdgtnent; . Note: ·Any agreement eri ere 1nt1;>. y :'-t J;/P.~rfis · . -,~'A..d ;y' . I'; · . . -. . · · . ·: · ·... whether inpartial _?r f_ull ~~ttle~ln(?_~ .J.ry.,e,;::~~R-!J.$~"'7.~-""2~.ot~C:?_n1~:Y t" ,(0V>f, morals, ·_go~d cµstoms and .. shal_t b.e _redu.c~d .,nto wntmg;;-~~~d sc~edf'to1y_tJ1.~ . if'. .· p""i:iolrc -'\iohcy_>')(~agb;;inua v. Uy, G:R.· No. part1~s·_a.nd ~heir.,counsel or tt}e''P ~ e;_t; al!thonzep1. 161\':.03 M°fJf6 2005), ; r:epresentatrves, if at'}y (fVLROY~UL1 Rufe V, S~c: ,:7'\ · · . : .'. ·~ · !f' ~n ~\ · · · . . . · · . .. i/ · ii · :..J.' VJ,_ · . . 'l; \...f ,i t · ·8 (b)). ' . . . .· • _It c~Hi?.&~}enterediflfo.when the fi~al Who Pr~sld.es <:>_ver~nd -f:;,ces:".Full C·ont?ol.oiin"e~ ~~L:]~gmef') ,,s a_lr~aoy ~~e pr~c_e~s.~f:execufion c~nferer:ice Prq~eec!ing~__ 1\.<:~~ K_ , Jf{K;~llll, ;J~salvc.J.fv•. B~utrstar_(j· .. Nos.~ _1:_92_8-~0, Ml!lrch. General Rµle: The Labor ~~bJettshaQt~.Q.!laJly~.;:; ~4: 1~95?r~.--~-.;, pr_eside ove(and take'full CO'i\~g'oJqt~~~~t9.ip;g_s}tl ))'!'°), .(/.'0. ,. ~· }J. ·. . . ·. · , · ·. · . .and may . be ·assi~ted by 'tlie .. Labor .. ~~~~tl911,~ ,~'tf_t.. pr' n:use .. F-greeml:!nt oper<;1te~ -:1~ a . . , Associate. i~ the cond·tJct. thE}eof (Ntif!.C· .IJJLp$r-, . l),~ifsit\o . of .. th~. ),~dgm.e!1~ .. Obltgatio_~· .. upon . R11fe. V,. ~ec. 8. (a), ·as a:itided J!~En )9c=lif~"R)l ,_th ~'f1frr.equrs~te. •. . · : .. Reso!u_tion_nb. 05-14). . . ·. ·"~·., .,, ~CfEN'···r.. \:h"])i:_)lP.st1tut1~P.:1sunequivocally ~eclfred'. ~r. .. · ~!~,... j~d _the n_ew . · o.b.hg~trons . are · . ·. '.~:icception:.'fn ar~as- wh~re tf':lere i_s·.n . ,L'a'ft.t9,f'fl~ter'~=~~--:·· 1eyeo~~tj9le. tn :v.ery ~omt (CIVIL· COD~, ·Art . . ·. · · assign~d, . _conci!i
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Con,prohll_se Agreement . . . ·· .. A ·compromise agreement is ·a copfract whereby ttie partie"i,. by m.aking. reciproeal concessl.ons, ayoiq.. lit!gation. or. ·put <13n .end to· qne ·a'lready -commencecJ . - (CIVIL r;:;ooE, AF(. "2028);.
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Substant~al ~equiremenfs: (FNA) 1. fr must be Fre.ely'ent~red°into;· . '2. · It must Not be ~6.ntraiy to law: morals.cir ·public.. , policy; and . ·
Judg~·e!"tBased··on. a C9inprom,se !\g;ee~ent·. .lf'hen . 'jua9me_n't is:. based · .on· a . comwomis~ . ·agr:eement, . the. :]'-!pgment' be·cotnes i_mmediateJ-y' :· . e~ecuto.l)',··ther~. b£1in_g ai:r implied· wc!iy.er of the· . parties' right"to appeal from.the ·dedsion {Philippine Jc,urnafists,. /nc.: v, · NLRC, G.R: No.. 1~64.2( Si3pfe_mb~r 5, ·-2006).' . ··· ·
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Wl_len Man_d~to.ry . Concil)ation a11.d Mediation · Conference is Terminated · · · . : Genera( Rule:. M~ndatory. · 'condliatlon c1nd . Mediat(on Conferen·ce must be terminated within 30 .. ca(endar days from the date of the first conference (NLRC RULE§.,·f?t.fle _V; Sec .. 8 (e)J:
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.Ex~eptiori:· It may be extended for justifiable . grounq_~ (NLRC-RU[,,ES,Rule' V,.Sec: 8 (e)J; . . ( . ·:: .. · . .,_.: . . Moti9n Pos~1fonement . , ' Generai Role: No· motion for-.postj:>onement shall be · entertained (N~RC ROLES,.Rule i/, Sec, 8.(f)) ..
°l- :. It ci1ri b~ '(epudiated by° General' R~I~: .!t can: no .
,k the' pai:tie~ b"y g6ing to longer. be -repudiate.d · - . ~·;: ·the Commission·. ·t;>ecomes , ·fin.at. and ·f · · bindir~lg. "upon the :parties ':::. Note: .ULP caS!3S are not upon execution. : Y ; . subject to compromis~. · EXcepti'on's: . . ,·::;) . Except_ion:._Wher ..based on meritorious grou~d~ ·1. · :., n . case of . f}Qrl~· :')\ · · and when ti.Jed at leas_t-,3 days .before the scheduled :tt-·' ... . compliance with · (!):ri-$/'· .•\ ·. hearing· (NLRC RULES; Rule V, Sec, 8 (f)). . . . . comprornlse agree~\'ll:lff, i '_r,·t I : . . . . . · .· . ' . . . or . · .. \) i,.. ~·-~'}_, __J:itf~ct·of F:an_ure of Settlement L . · . I! there. ·is.rfffinl~:: 1t1fd~~~l';~~f~ie;toaqree, eit~~~ )~ whole or_irJ. p~rt, tecie , ev1der:ice;;::that th'e;:if 11 · durmg-·t_h~'-P.Hlnd§lto,:y conciliation and jnediation . settlementjas obtained, ,..... ( coriference,,f~~( Labor Arbiter or· the said .duly through . l',:>((. ~~at:~k authorlied;fP;ilr'l-onnel_ 'shall proceed to the, other m1~_rep~~.se.nt~iofi7.:::' · or purposes;pflthe\sald. con~er~nce (NLRC RULES, ,,. ·coer~!Pn< --t~. c: · i~1 Rule V, ·fee: 'tl,>a~.amer,ded by En Banc Resolution t,t . . . f c~~, · · <"0' · ,: . No. 05~1>'4). · 'it.. · . . ·. · . · . : ... -;'· (LABOR CODE Art. 233 1• · \:· r->' ~;''c.,-,1•· ~.. 1· ... .1 ,•·-.:~' . "?~. · < '~b:r · . · · .,., ' ' · ' · · ~ · "J ' ; t 1 · ."(:'.·' ;,;,•·' ·11•1,•·v , ·.1 · · . : . •. · .. c=;/.!..1 ~,T · ,t'f The-Labb~_r.rut.er•.sJiall terminate the conciliation and Optron~ · Wh!;H1· Ccmpromis~~~~4ie~~_nt ~ediatjon:· .~tage and .;•sl:Jall '.direct the parties . to ,,; Viol~ted · · . . ·~ ·., · )'~... ~~~s>.~,.ulta~eously}i_let~eir respective position papers· ··'.: : 1. Enf9rce i,ompromise by writ of exe~1:1tjefr:i:CIR'1 of _,f~~~',';P!"!,~~~.:i.!§..S.,.tt~~agreed upon by the. parties (NLRC { . LJ?.BOR CODE, Book V, RvJe· XX[.i( Sec:/~;,'fls-_":"'"1~.f!-0.~e-S~'LRule,.V, 'Seq.-12 (a)).. · · . . ;, . ·{)mend~d); or .· ' .' . .· . ·\.f ij. 2. -.Hegard. it_a~: rescindeq _and.insJst ,:r~);gf:iginal · . _NQn~appe13_ran_ce ·c;,_f.t~e Complainant . ~ :. demal')d (CIVIL CODE, Art. ~041). · -t _Non-appearance ofthe·Gomplainarit or .petitiprier dur.lng -~ s.~tJiijgs for·l!Janctato'ry poncil_iatiQn and l;; Effeq{of a: Coo:...p~omis.e Agreeri'i~nt . mediation -conferen~ schedule, despite . due f. Compromise · ·agteefn.erit duly .. ~ntered 111to. iQ notice U)~re9f, is a grQJ.md. for .dismissal of th.e .. · , . accotdai1c°E! \'v'ith:··this Section ;·shall be final· and.· case yifthout prejudice {NLRC RULES, Rule V; . ' l:iinding upon the·parties-andshall:.haye'.tht;i force and · Sec. 10, a'samehded'by En Banc Resolution No. . effect'of·a Judgment r.endere.d by the -L~bor Arbiter. -06-.-16); ·.-.' · · _: . (NLRC RUL~S; Rulfv.· Sec. ii{d)):·. . · · . 2, · Dismiss.al oflhe casEffor.the second.time due:to _th·e ·. ·urijus\ifleq; non:..appearance of . the . compJaiJlant ·. or · petition13r .. shall· be .. with A . j~Jgm·ent r:er:idered · ir1·. accorda~~e with ·a . .. p're]~di~e (NLRC RUlES, Rufe V, Sec. 10, as . corilpr<;>mise ·~greement is n_ot.·a·j:,peaiable' ·~ni'J.. is.: · : ·amended). ·. · · ·2.. ·· . · · . im·medlately.exec:utory ,unless a·rriotlon-is· filed to · ·set a.side the agreement 011 the gr<:>und of fo;1ud, · Non-Appearance of.the Respondenf . , . m1stake, or duress, in .which case.~n appeal may be. 1. Non-appearanc_e by _respondent cfuring ilje 1•• taken. against.· tl'le order d~nying· . the motion . conference; ..the 2~ conference·sh.all proceea .. (P.hilippine Journalists "v. NLR.C; G.R_. .-Nq. ·166421, . 2. Non.-appearance'during ·the ~nd'·conference September .51 2066). .- . _··· . . . . ·. . ,.... conside(ed to .have waived. his/ her right to file '. posi~ion·p_aper (f\JLRC fWL.ES, Rule V, ~ec. 10). .. There is .n~· justificati0n to disallo·w. compromise agreement, solely because it was entered into after · ·final j~dgmeot. '.The validit¥ of the ~greemei]t is
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complaint or petition ·or· position paper . (NLRC RULES, Rule V,_ Sec .. 12 (d)).
Subsequent Actions The Labor Arbiter s'hall: 1. Immediately· terminate the . mandatory conciliation and mediation conference: an'tJ . . 2.. Directfhe complainant or petltioner . to ·me·. a'.. verified posttlori-paper and submit evidence (n.· support . of his/her' . causes of . action arid thereupon render hls/herdecislon on the basis· ofthe evidence on. record (Nf-RC RULES, Rule V,'Sec. 19) .• · . . : .. ··
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Hea.ring pr Clarificatory Conference .. Immediately 'after the subjnlsslob by the parties of the position pap.er or reply, as the case may be, 'th~ Labor Arbiter shall, motu propio, deterrnmewhether there'· is· a- need for .a hearing or' .c.larificatory· .. c?nference (NLRC RµLEs_, Rufe V, Sec. 13).. ·
. Note:. The· Labor Arbiter may allow .the presentation . of testimonial evidence with . right of cross• .examinatton by the opposing party and shall llmttthe presentation of evidence to matters relevant fo ·the issue b.efore him/her and 'necessary for a just 'arid speedy, disposition of the case (Nl.R.C. RULES,.R11/e. V,. Sec. 14 (a)). · · · Amendment of Complainh:ir Petition , . . · . .- · · Filed· before'the Labor.Arbiter at any time .. before !/:!,~,..,.....,..,-~!~ten. summary ·o~ the · proceedings made by . filing of position paper, with proof.of service qt.a;cdpy ·11 · ··j' tlle~Eabpf Arbit~r shal]: , . · · ther~of to the opposing_ parties_ {NLR¢):JJ:!!.f!-~t'~ulet._..,,.. }\/Bfsrin$.;~by the parties: and .. . · V, Sec -11, as- amended by E;n Bancj(f)solfl(/cf,J Nq,..='-"":"=<,,,.;~...,.,,_:_ ~rrniPa,rtt>jl!tJe records (NLRc; RULES;Rule V, _1.1-12;. . · . · . -~ · _.--s-a_r:?)wd(b-~,,.· . . ·
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lllote; Resporident;s failure·. appear sliali' oniy · · _mean waiver of hist her-~ight to file P pos_itiori paper 9oly._lt does·not·deprive·-r:espondent of tl:!e right.to'be •furnished . with' . copies of the pleadings and · .. _processe's .(NLRC A.O. No. 09-0.6-)'. · .
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Note·: If the amendment-of the;{C~p~air.iror~titio;fi)· :1( ~p11-aP'J~ear~t:)9~9f~_P.arties,and Postponement.: involves im_pleadihg ad~it!onaJjrespe>f1p~_nt!5ls_ervi?e · ~\. .61.He;iri~~gs"a~ef Cl~\fic~~ory_Confe~ences " of another summons; rs. r,ecessc;1fy acquire The pa~lf.S an&,t~eJr;:;~14nsels appeanng_before the jurisdiction over.theperson t~~·sa1d_res~,ona~~ ~~?.o! 7'.l:fbiter .\liill--J.>i p_repared for continuous. (NLR9 RULE~, Rule Vi· -Secf !f'1-;,-
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· simu!tar:ieou,sly_ their. verified\p?si~~\,pa~ ~,~~-, - '5.,~1-Y~S"'ec:)6_·(a)).jl . · . · . · · suppoi:trng·.dpcuments a_nd. a~~a,v1ts! ~lt an . , . date set oy thEl Lab_or'Artnterw1tfi1NtO cal_e'n9a.1\Q.,@s·yr:-·i· rq:E~qeptior.i'!.Upon mento~1ous. grounds and subJect. from· the date of termination · · the.-~"'cli~.!'tohl~.316"~~,<~~~me6t. of expeditious dispositiori of eonference (~~RC __RUL~~· Rafe V,· ~~-:~=-:~~rt~fiLES, Rule V, Sec. 1? (a)). . .
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Note:·- No am~ndmer:it .of the complaint_~ ...l:!e.ti~n h~aring or- clarificat9ry. conference shall · shall. b_e.. allowe.a. after- tl1e filing:of position papets';*'='~'4)e'°'terminated:within30 calengar days from· th(;! da.te'. unless · ..With· le;ive- of the Labor· "Arbiter: (Nt,RC · of ti:,e ·;nitial. c,lariflcator.y conference (NLRC RULES; RULES, Ru/e...V.,·Sec.. 1Z (b)).: . . . Rule V, Sec. 15 (a)). . . . . . ··~ . . . . Lirnitati_pns on.,Position Papers . . .. Position "papers shall_ CC::>Ver .only. those· claims and . cau'ses of action.sfate-q in·the complaint.or. am'ended .. . qompl~irit, . accompanied .by -ali . 'supporting . . 'documents, fr1chJdiri9. the affidc1vits of witrieises, which shall take ttie place of their'dir.ect testimony, ._·. exciudi·n~f'thO:se that·· may have be~ri amicably · · 'settled (NLRC' RU/...ES, Rule V,' ~ec. 1_2 (c));° · . , :. · .
Mandatory Conciliation in case· of OFWs to.. QFWs,: the. ·p_eriod. for · ·conducting . t_he ·. · . rriandatory. sonciliation and meqiafion confer4:1nce, inclu9_if19. he·a·ring on t_he merits or clarific~tory. con_fer-encE?.phall nol.exc~ed 60 days, whfcih shall be ; . reckoned from th~ .date· of acquisition, of jur.isdiction . by . the Labor Arbiter . over the . person pf the . res'pondents (t:JLRC RUU:S, Rule \I, Sec 15 (c))..
. Reply ·,. ·. . . -Within 10 days. from receipt of the·,po~itio_n paper of . · · the adverse .party,. a reply-'may tie· filE?d -on ~ date.: agreed _upqn and .during -a schedule s'et pefore the · Labof. Arbiter. · It shall not all~ge or prove:faqts_ l)Ol refe~r~cf t9 or include~ in the orig~n~I or .atnende_d
Effect~ of Non~Appearance of any ~f the Pa·rt'ies . · . : d.uring l:t:ie.Clarificatory ~on.ference .. 1. Proceedings 'shall be ¢c;>nductedex-parle;-and· _ . 2. T.he · case shall · be , . qeem.ed submitted . for . ·decisit,n (NLR_C RULES; Rule V, S~c. 15·(!>)). · .
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Death of Parties 1. Complainant dies d.uring the pe.ndency of the · proceedings, ·he/ she may be SUb$tituted by his/ .her heirs. . 2. In the event of a f~vorable judgment obt;:ilned by· . _. the complainants;. the same shall be-enfo(ced .in accordance with Sec. 11; Rule XI of NLRC Rules (NLRC RULES, Rtiie V, Sec. 20,.as amended by En ·Banc Resolu_tion no~ 14-17). . ~-"' . ~ .. . . {::-. [nhlbltlon . ·· ~- · 1. Voluntary Fin_ality of \he Decision or Ord.er ~f th e LA The decisions, awards, or orde.rs .of the Labor £~ A Labor ;Arbiter- may voluntarily lnhiblt hiri"fself/ . Arbiter, the. same ·are·.:fi_nal and ·.executory, unless ·:~. . ·herse!f from. tbe resolution of case and shall so. state in writing. -the .legal [ustlficatlons _.therefor · ·appealed to the. NLRC ·w.iih.il'i the. time prcivided (NLR9 RUL_ES, ·Rule V, Sec. 17). under Article 229. of the Labor C<;>cfe··by.-an·Y.. or botti 2. Upon'Mi>tfon of aParty ... · parties,. within.'10 .calendar·.days from tfie receipt : a.. Either on the ·grqund of relationship ·within ttiereof.by the counsel ·or authoriz.ed r~present~tive the 'fourth civll degree ""ot consanguinity or. Or the .. p~rtie$ if. no_t a$~1stea' by. COUn$el or ·affinity wlththe adverse party.or ccunsel.or · representative (NLRC RULES, Rule.V, _se.c. 21 (a), · ·b. · On question of partiality _or other justifiable.-v.<';. B$ amended by En Banc.ResolutionNo. 11-12) ... :grounds; the· Labor Arbiter may · inhlbit. /1'( hirri~elf/ · herseff from further hearing Certificate of Fi!1ality ·. . .. . . deciding the case· (NLRC RULES. Ru"f!(¥,· ··· . ,: . :,1 The Labor Arbiter issues .a certificate of.finality upon. · ·$e~ 1?). . · · .· ·. 'fJ.~~~xpi_raljf>p.,of the 10 calendar days with'?ut- any · · . · · . .. · ./..f.7 t;.., 'f! :·.....,...:.w.ge<:!~.hay.ing;beenmade. ·. . . . Note:·Suc~·n:i_otio1.1·_shall be re.solvec1_·wijt:i_~r;p5d~ysy )./"· ·"--:"-..:-L..:..:~L\ · · · . , .. . , . · from the fihng ·thereof. An order den,ym'g:.-or·grantmgD.-.,., In the absen'o'e/ofreturn cards, certlflcatlonstrom the: arnotlon 'for inhibition. is non-·i:ipp~afaj:~~ (t:,.J.Lfff;;.· ,.-. . f( post officeirf~'t\\J~erauthorized b.y the Commission RULE~, Rule V; 17)._: -?-~.:, ·j 1::\' ... or ~ther ·pflodJs servi.ce.~o the· pa~ies_, the L~~or .\ · · . - . . ·,-,r:5,-Y 'lJ'--=' 1 •· Arbiter rpay ~su~ ·a cert1flcc!te of fmahty. after -60. ,:< Periodtt;> Decide C'ase . <:_.\ C§llend9f dayJ frorrf date.of l'r1ailing "(NLR~ RULES, { 1 .. ·· The . Lal;lo'r A.rbit~r shall r~n.del?"tiis/~t?eds~f.1 .(,'-;! Ru~e·~~.-~~fP•.7J-;:'a}~ended by En·Bar-ic ~esolution ~~ . · WHhin ~O. ?al,endar days, w1th,._~~t e~~~~i?n,aft~~ . J.~} No. O~"<-f-4).i.:...~/;.0!.,.t. . · · · . : ·. /: = _ the .s1:1om1ss1on of the ~1:1se.by'l.tl:l~:.Par:ttes; ev7n l··'i · · ·. . · . . . . . ·. · · f · in the absence- of stenogrc1phic·not~s. 'j_\ J·•1....--·::..~eyival" -~nd. Re-.0per:iing ···or · Re.,Filing of f.' · · .2. dase_sl~volvir.i~.?vers~as·Filipino ~j[ters shc:!!_-../~!/.r:.,:o~~~-~~~i~,t~ase .an.d .~i_fti_~g 9f W~_lver . . . be decided .vy1th1n·. 90 calendar e;h;iys after,:!J;ie---'-'--'...L.1(-A,J')artyJmayfile· a motion:to revive or re;.open a ,.. ····ming of .the -cOTT')plaint' (b/LR9 RUL·J!It>, F{ut.fiv; . . . · ~9$_e d_ismissed__ wit!io~ .. prejudi~_e;_ within· ·10 . A calendaf: days from·. r_ec~ipt cif notice of.-the or<;ler (:_; . • ·' S~c,. 1 l!). . ·. . . . · . . · . '\:.,,/;;~cl' ~l.-Ji .• ~ ,. . •. . ·. ,_ .:. di_smiss1ng. the.··. same.~ othe!V{ise, 'the · on!y y . Cd°~tent~:of D~~i~io~i: (FACIS).. · . : . . remedY·.shaU.be to r&-fil0 the.case4· .. ~. . , : · · 1 .. Facts·of.the case; . "2. A party deelared ·to ha.v_ew.aived,:his/her r.ight to · · file position p'ape"I'·may; af. ans, tinie after ·nolice. · ~--- · ~pp_licable'1aws-or rul.es~ . . thereof' arid before the "case. is·: submitted .for 3. Conclusions..arid 'the ·reasoris therMor; . decision, ·file a·inotiqn under. oath·1a·,$et·aside 4,. ~sues iryvolved_;.a;nd . · 5. . .§pacific rern~dy or.· relief gran~ed (Nt:RC. th~' ord~r ~f waiver ·upo'n proP._er showing that: ·. ·. RULES, "Rule V, ·sec. 1.9). . !)is/her failure .t~··appear. was. :d_ae lo justifiable. · a'rid meritorious · gro1,m<;ls (NLF{C RLJLf=S, Rule . V, Sec. ·22). · ,. . .. ·· . :lr:i-cases involving monetary award~, lhe d~cisio"ns · · :or orders of the L.abor Arbiter. shall .. contain the "APPEALS amciul'lt award.e~ (N.LRC~Ry_LE/{ Rule Sec.. Hi).· .· .. GrQunds:·(F~QE) .,_.. ·· · · . . i'n . c;a~e' . the.. decision indudes a~ o):der. of· : ·1: .ff the.. dec;isiori.- aw"ard or order. was secured .through fraud or coercion, including graft· and. reinstatement,-it shalflikewls.e contair:i:· . . ' . . · · · co·miption·; · :.. . . . · 1. -A statement that 'the. reinstatement aspect is · ?- If .there is prim~ facie' ·evidence··of ·Abuse of. . - imme"diately executory; and . . '. . discretion on the- part of "ttie Labor Arbiter or: . 2. A dir.ec\ive ·for jhe employer to submit'a report of Begioi:ial Director; . · . . · compliance.within 10·calen.dar days from receipt ·3_ .· If made ,purely on· Que~tions of law; a,:id/or . ·of thi:i s·aid decision..(NLRC RULES, Ruf~ V, Sec. 1~). . ' ·. .
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Upon: the subrnlsslon by the parties .of their · -;- . position papers· or·replies, or the lapse of the · period to submit the 'same, the case shall be deemed submitted·for declslon . . -2. · Upon terrnination of the clarificatory hearing or .: . conference, the' case Is deemed submitted for. decision (NLRC RULES,:"Rule_ V, Sec. 1_6). .
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4. · 1f serious .5.rrors in the findings of facts are raised which, if not corrected. would cause grave or· irreparable darnaqe or injury to the appellant (NLRC RULES, Rule VI, Sec. 2).
serving .the- ends of justice and preventing a gra_ve miscarriage thereof warrant' the suspension of the rules (Lt./nzaga v. Alber Sflippingand- TradingCorpo, et al,·G.R. No. 2004_76,April 18, 2012):· ·
Nature of the period to appeal Article 229 the Labor Code .expressly provides . _. that· the aggne~ed party has 1 o calendar days from receipt "of the decisions, awards; or orders of the Labor Arbiter to appeal to· the NLRC. Accordingly, thts-.:1o~day reglemenfarypenod to perfect an appeal . Periods· of App.~al is. mandatory and jurlsdictiona] in nature (Asuncion .1.·. Decis ions of. the Re·gjonal Dlreetor pursuant : v, NLRC, G.R. No. 1-0~31_1,-.'J.une 17, 1997).. . to Art . .1 ;29 of the Laber Code.:. within· S calendar '. . ' .. days from receipt of the orrfer. . . Th~· failure· to file an appeal within the reqlernentary · 2. .Declslons. of the Labor -~rbiter ....:.: within ·10 period renders. the· assaile~ decision· final "and calendar days from the receipt'·of the decision · sxecutory · a.hd' deprlves · the '. appellate court of (NLRCRULES; Rule VJ, Sec.t}, · · jurisdlcllorr to "alter 'the judgment. much. less to · . . . . . . . . '. . ·. · · · . . ·. ~---~·-=-en_teitainthe ·appeal (Charter Cttemicst & Coating 1:he _10-day period to file an a~pE:al is ~e?k?J)§ltfrom ·:u' ·. ·~._qr~Jror •1. }.\/ _ award. The ru_le applies to both ap~»a:li(ffolJlJ~;19--..,:-,..%,-=..-;;J:Q~ q_ght,.t~)lP~~lrs a: statutory "right and the_ party· NLRC and· from.. NLRG. to. C~f:<,S~,,_ 'i>,-;,...fjjJitf_an_d . who'se~Ifs·to,;c;i,'v~tl,~of the s~me must comply with the. Knitcraft,. 0-.R. 'No. 182915, DecrrmBe,;t-~jl201,.tJ.-=""~--requir.erile~~\of'tht-Rules._Failing to do so, the right . . , i,.{'1"' ;J'/ f:"'_. JD)' 'j,t: ~ap~-~I 1~~,et{(,O)Jieta· v. CA, G.FJ.. No. 8:J281, ._ No~e: The (:;ode. states calen}jar', ttei;f,workihgdays.... .di~ iilecembfir4, \1~~9):., \ · . . -Hence, m- counting -the 10-~ay perr{fo. S~tqrdays, • . . · _¥. . \_( ~). i · :. · Sµ~~~ys, and l~gal holi~ayf ~Jp;;.:-1 ·t1udedh\7Jf.:je]7~ · a..ReJiliTs1:t~sfor }J~~ti~n'of Appea~, (~V3-PBR) .. Sh,ppmg & -Manne,_ Serv,cesd11:-dN4 , C'. G'.R,l No~;fff..:,~ 1-S!-7.:i;P'.?9fof §e~t:e_.u.~1nthe .other-parties; 58011--12, July 20, 1982). ~ · P-.!'4 .i . \ · ·ff_"\.~ .,,,jli.i F1h~~ ~. a lger.1f1f~ mem'~randum_ ~f appeal. ,_ If the 10th or 5th day,_ as the;\c
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The -reglementc;1ry period shall '~~- coup,teo-_Jr_ ,~o~: ~~;fic,at_onof a pleading is a formal and receipt of decisions, resolutiotis or~te.e.1")bi)lJe---=-==""'....-npt~_)fu}isclictfonal requirement intenped' to · ·cou~sel or represe'n!~iive of record·, an&;:~t(i;fi~e-1.._1,r :assurance tha! th El matters alleged in part1~s (Lynx fndustnes c;ontractor,./nc. v. ·Talei,..f · · · unverified. pleadings .or act, or)". the·m and waiv~ · No- motion. or -re.que~f.for_ ·extension of ·the peric;>d. .-~met cornpliancewi°th'·th.erules (Qua"nt1,1m Foo<;Js ·'withi_rrwhich to· perfect an ~ppeal ·shall be allo\\'.ed · · . Inc, _vs _Esloyo,.G.R.-No, "213~96; becemPer 9, · (NLRCRU~ES, Rµle_VI, Bee._ 1). j · · · ... · : ._ 2015). .. · · · :· ,:... ·: . , ~ .. Perj~d to Appeal N~t Extenc;jible . ·. ·3.- - In ;!.legibly type'i'Jr.ittenor'piirited copies; ·• · General Ru.le: The=p~rfection."ofan app~~I within th_e . 4: .. _Eroof of payment of the rcquir(:ld app"eaf'fee and stati-itory/ regle,:nentary perjod is not·only· ma_noat9ry . : ,~.gal' :-~esearch ·._fee;· otherwise; ·-i.t - w)II ·. be . . but also juri~dicJional-an·d faflur~ to do so render_sthe .... . · dis:missed but tt.ie dismissi!il is only aiscretionary; . questfoned · _decision: .. final an_d executory · that -·. . . _5.- ·\n .case of monetary award, an_ appeal by \he deprives the appellate courfofjurisdfctionto alterthe . . employer m~y b.e perfected only by the· posting .final. judgment much .les·s -to entertain the appeal · · ·af i;!cmd-·(cash ·de_pos_it or· Osi.irety' bond :or (Asurfcio_h v.· NLRC,· G·,R.. No,· 1:0931( June; 17, · property bond) equivalent in amouat to the· 1997). . . . .. . ·... · . · :. .. · . · JT)onetary . award excius.ive' of dan:iages: and attorney's fees;. and . . . . . ' . . . Exce·ption: It is. always ·in the power of.this Court to 6. It must be filed within the .Beglenieritary period: -st.i"spend its own' rules; or to e_xcept·a ·partJc.ular case a. Within 10 pays for decisions of Labor Arbiter; . . fro",n its operation, When·ever the purpOSf;!S-.<;>f-justice.. b. Wi(hin _5 days for decis_ions of. DOLE.Regional require it: Strong compelling_: reasons such asDirec~or~ (NLRC RULES, :Rule VI, Sec._ 4).
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.a partial· bond (Ong v.. CA, G.R. No. 152494, September22, 2004).
. The bond Is sine qua non to the 'perfection of appeal from the labor arbiter's monetary decision· (Catabay . v. NLRC, G.~. No. 11'9289, April 12, 2000J. . .
·lfMotioh is Granted . . . The . order· to· post bond · must be complied with·. Otherwise," the· case shall be dismissed, and' the decision of the Labor Arbiter shall become final and .· . executor}/... . .
Property bond is acceptable · .(1/ERM-Memoria/' Medical Center v.'NLRC."G.R. No. 110419, March 3, 1'99.7): . . . A mere notice ·of appeaf"~ithout complying· with the other . requisites aforestafed ·· -shall not stop · the . running of theperlod fbr·perfectihg.an appeal-(NJ..RC RULES, Rule VI, Sec. 4 (~))· .
Compliance .with . the foregoing· conditions. shall suffice ·.to· suspend the running~ of the ·10-day . reglementary period to perfect an·.appeal from the . labor arbiter,:~· oecisfon .to the NLRC (Mc.Burnie· ·(,?anzon; G.R. Nos. ·178034.& 17$1.17,·october:ti, 20_.13). ·, . ' ... · .
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Justification for.N.~n•P.osting :of Bo~~ (NSC)· · .i 1. No ·mon~tary.a_ward (Aba v. NLRC, G.R.. No: 122627; July 2$, 1999); . 2: The monetary· award · js not §.pacified . in. the lf Motiori is riot. Grar,ted . · decfsionj'Orozco v. ·cA; G.R: No. 155207,. April. ·· .Unless the NLRC grants ·th~ motion .to reduce the ·29, 2Q05); · ·· · cash bond within,the 10-day_reglementary period to· 3: . _In case of_~onflict between the body and fallo of /) · . , 'perfect an 'appear from a judgmeQ! of the .LP.,.,. the' . the decision,_the latter should prevail (Mendo.1.ar.(,\\ ~°:'Pl!?}:'er ·. i~ !i1andc1te~ to pos~. th_e .cash . or. surety Jr. v.. San M19.uel Foods, lnc., G.R. No, 15_86.£3!1//.,._, . bond securing. the full amount withinthe said 10-day . .' May 16, ·2005). . l·t;:,~;;, r. :j p~r.iod (McBurnie v.. Genzon, ·G.R. Nos -. 1_78034 ·& . ''~- •:' • , ... ,.
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. . N~·G'Discr~tion.. . ' . . • The NLRC retains it~. atJthonty· a_nd duty to resolve· . the mpti'on Jo r~·duce bCJ_nd an_d:detE:rl!line(the final amount of bonc;l that shall be postedoy the appellant, . $till in accor'dc1nce -withthe stl;ln.dards _ohneritotious grounds· _ .anc! reasonat)Je~. amount (McBurnie-. v.. Gari:ton, GR. Nos. 178034 & 178117, October: 11, ·· · . 2013). · · · · ··. . C;mpiiance wlt.h ttt~ requfsi~es"· .. · . . .. The me.re filin·g of a ·motion to reduce bQnd without' . complying ·with . the requisites .in 'the" pr~geding paragraphs sh.all not _stopJt)_e.tunning of the period -to perfect a·n appeal (NLRC RUl-ES, Rule. VI; Sec. 6; .. as amended by En,_Bana Resolution 14-15). · · . ·. .· .\,._ .. . . . . . Whi.le .the· bond requirement .on appeals involvi_ng monetary·ai.vards tws ~een relaxecnn certain cases, . . · this ca[) pnlY: be done wl:Jere ther~ was subs~antial complianc·e-of ttie Rul.es or where the ~ppellants,' at . the very least,_ exhi?ited willingness·to pa~ by posting
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10~/o Appe~I-Bor,d On.ly "Provi~icm.al".
The· ·10.% requirement. in · McBEJrnie v. Ganzon · pertain~ t9_ the reasonable am:ou_nt.which·.th!;l .. NLRC would. accept- as the minimum · of. the bood ',that ~hould ~cconipany:the 1110.tlon, to reduce.· bo.nd. in order to suspend th~ ·period° to _p_erf!:)ct.an apf)eal · . "" under·the NLRC rules-. It is based o_ri the judgmeht· aware!·and should in liq c·
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Me.rltorious Gro_und . The .rule that the .filing of a motion ·to reduce bond shall not stop. the runni"ng of the period to· perfect an appeal may be relaxed by the courtwhen: (SPS) · 1.. Fundamentat- consideration of . .§.ubstanti'iil -~~~; ' . · ·2. · frevention of-miscarriage of justice or of unjust · enrichment; or . ·3.· ·_§pecial circumstances of- the, case combined: with .its.Jeqa] merits. andthe amountand issue involved · (Garcia. v. KJ commerctet, G.R. No. 196830,.February 29,. 2012). . . . . ,. .
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the bqnding company may be blacklisted (/IJLRC fWLES;.Rule VJ., Sec. 6).
Fresh Pe~!od of 10 days to PerfE;ct an Appeal · . __ · T-he appellant· shall be· given · q fresh periOd of 1 O days from notice of the NLRC order ·within which to · ·perfect the appeal by" posting the.' required appeal bond in tt,1;? event that the 1\llRC; . ·· . · 1. · Denies.Hie rnotlorrto 'reduce. bond; or . ' · · . ·2. -Requires a bond that exceeds the amounfof the provisional bond (McBimiie v. :Ganzo·n,: G.R, Nos. 178034 17, . . & 178117, October . . . :2013). . · ·
. . . Surety: Bond' · .. · . Non-&~rvice (if Copy of Appealto Appellee .ln caseof surety bond, the same: . Fallure. to give a 'copy ofthe appeal lo theappellea · 1: Shall be issued by a reputable bonding company · within .. 10 . days is not.. fatal if. the. 1~11er was· not duly accredited .by· Hie Commission . or. -the prejudiced by the delay in theservice of said copy of .Suprell'le Court; arid. .· . . . · . . . . the 'appeal . ..a- -technical "rules must yield to ttie 2, . Shall be accompanied by original · or certif~~~•..::..-~r_oader interest of substantial . justice (Modern . true copies of the followiriq: (SINO) ,;;?,:-"'--: · 1T · Ff;is/Jii)g,._{JfJai Labor Utiionv. Noiiel, G.R. No: 53907, . a. Proof 'of SecutTty deposlr. orp'°"coltateral Q:~ 6}>19r'8:8l. : ·· . · secunnq .the bond: pr.o':'idE;,jtt('(af~Jh~'flf.·,4' ., /(>.~,.. · · · . ·. · · .· shall not be considered 9~n· ape'~ptable. . ·Note!:C.:~Jfte.~PR.ellee 'may' ·fil!;l with the RAB or .. security; . . .!' <-?" ~4-:""':~s~'T-Re§igoal>.Q{fi?e where the appeal was file~. his/ her b. · An !ndemnity . agr_e~f~t:.<";e:fwean_th,w '1.F· -~s_wer~or~,~~P,l~)d\appel!~nt's "memorandum. of . . -·e~ployer-appellantawo bonpi~Ag cof1pany.l!, ·.aJipeal,lo~la~\:th~p~ calendar days from receipt c._ Jo1nf l!eclaratic;m· ;fond 1':!oste-019 ffll!._:;1i1$_ll;iera~swer onrepl~Y111th1n the said period may be · g'en.uin'e, ar:ld shall~~~iitl'·!lette~f· l,!P,til ·t'i'~~""!\,•~)~stni~~a~. ·a ~aiyel[on,his/ her part ta·file the · dispo_~jtionof'Uie ca;~e;-,a~l{f i'. · ,"~J;:....Psam:JJ?~·~~RULLE:S' ·Ri.J1ey1, Sec:. 4 (c)). . . ·. d. ~ot~rized board_ re~olui,~l\ _or ·~_eGnffa~Y.·s".'.f' . ,,.-, ·· 1 ~[ certificate ·_tram· th\\....f6ein~mg. -.@~)anY.~1 ..:~~fl !,!l' app~a~. ,s''f>jnect~d1n accordance with· · sho\.Vingits auttiorize\_signatqries~j1t~l~~· · "'°'t)i f_es, Jlhe Cop.imission. st:,all limit· itself to ~pecimen s(g~ature~ (1;fLRC __ R.1'4LE~~~~~Mi~_~fig··<JJ>ff d.ec.idir.r9·o~lyttie sp~Gific issues~th.at . VI, Sec.. 6)_ -\,_ ... : \,,._ .. :SQJ·1:.·N·l~~~el~ated7on ppeal (NLR,C RULES, Rule _VI, . , . - , '\: .· -.,,'"' .c.1 LlS'El'c. !lr-(g)):--;,,;.· . · · · . . ·_ : · · . Note:· T.~e
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aa _, aca. ,appeal, if.the law is to serve its noble purpose, and . . . ··any attempt.onthe part of.the employer to evade or . delay its execution should not· be allowed (Pfizer, tine.,. v. Ve1asco, G.R. No. 177467; Mar<;h 9, 2011).
Payroll Reinstatement . . Payroll reinstateme~t means that . al~hou.gh not admitted -back "to work, · the · employee . would nevertheless be included in the- payroll and entitled to receive her salary a·n.<;I other benefits as if she were in fact working (Maranaw Hotel Resort Corp., v. NL{?C;_G.R. No; 1100~7, November 16, 1994). ·
. . Reinstatement Pending AppeJ:11 under Article . : _:229 v: Order of Reinstatement under: Article 294,
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"t> ·An. , . order ·t reinstatement .. by. J: Labor .' .Arpiter ·
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Note': The·:emp16yee- is not required to reimburse whatever. . salary . he received. if . the . order. of reinstatement bythe Labor Arbiter is reversed on appeal. {Colieg~. of-Immaculate Concepcion v.. NLRC, G.R.~No. 1.67563, Mwch 22, 2010). . ·
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order· of .. reinstatement" under · Art.icle : 29:4 Duty of ·the: Emplo'ye~'to Not,f:Y. Employe~. presupposes the· award In case the ·oecision of the .LA includes an order 'ot thereof'is pursuant to a : rei_nstatement: it should contain: . 'final· and executory 1. ·. A staten,ent that. the reinstatement ·aspect. is judgmen"t,·and notwhile irnm.ediately exe9utory;· and· · · the . :~ case. 'tor illegal dlsrnissal is _p_e~dirig o~- ·,<"") . . 2; · Adir(!divefor the employer tq submit report Of ·: ~ompliance within 1 a· cal~i:idar days from feceipt · appeal. · j/-' ;:'.)·1 .. . ;;.· --~ ,-·.:·· ,\.., of said order (NLRC RULES, Rule V, Sec. 19). · ~. :,.·:::;-'~ . ./;;:,. . . ~~ .,.. • d• ·~;:s:,J ', ·. . . }".'· . , · · • · -, ,, ,: ,,."!..,...~,9nseque!l'c.e of R.eJusal to Reinstate· 1,. No nee? for t_he 1ss~a!')9e N~eds the 1ssua~c:;Et:~~f':3_ "{!-i)l!~Q(~t>:~Riei:\~~)of this .directive clearly denotes. a ''"' . of a wnt of execution (2 wnt _. of exe.3~tJ.,6'n (2, -: 11 · refusa1~tec;-r~iostate. In which case, the- LA shall AZUC_ENA_. . supra . at AZUCENf.1.:,~SU[irf'!_ ~t ... _ l'f · - imrne~latel~f~~Uea writ of .execution, even pending . ?024): _ . ·_ 1024) ... }>,.({. _. .a~peal, _ d~l'e~t!~,9. the employer t? immedi_ately. ~-: .xrH:i-'" __;.,,,.'C""'. !•( re1~state Jhei:l1sfrnssed -~!71ployee either physically \ _. No_t~: The ·rule· of: reinstat~ir{ri~(pe.E.~-i~g'ii"°pp~ _· or in th~fa~t.(~ftRP_RULES,, Rule XI, s_~c. 12). ,, apphes only to the order.of r~,:!~iat~menl;'\~S':!_e,c!. by .........tf_-~iL_,_,._.}._ , · . -~: 'the LA (LAB0R CODE, Art. 22Q). · =--:,i'--j) . ;...:::::. · : f,.lf f?,.s a.:._(;qrnse_,.()}1~11l~.~~the.~mployer or tlie_ bonding · · · . · ·\ ?,T~;.,;,. .f··{:} • 1ut . company-:~!...ill-~µ., . . , · · o f th:e Emipl oyer ·n c~~·f;-l·y,,-'.;--.--,_::t,t· fl . Ft'.. 11•f 1 .. . Shall be liable to · pay the accrued salaries: of the 0 p·t·ions I G,~.. mg'.~.'{• h' an· . · . - • , . · f·R · t t · '-t ,. ~ .. r·, . ·1'1Nn~rr.nreinstated employee 1n the amount sp.eG1f1ed tn O de - r ro e1ns a eme11 ~' "i . . , . :.~.'- • · 't.... d ·, . . {A'LRC. RULES R ·1 XI S 12''' 1_. . .. A ct u al 'R '. tatem e nt - the emxtoy-'er' G8l'.J.-'_,-.,i, ... , ,,:lh ~~~-§l.,9ISIOn IVJ Ue ec, ''· ( .. . ~ms. ~-- ,.,,, . ,.,_,. ~--,:;...nt!....:aaafiEf.i.&!.:, ·, · is !'.;. lmrnedlately : 'executory, Yf' 'even pending 'appeal. It is similar .to a return-to}- -. 1;11qrk .. order, l.e., · to Jp- : restore the .status quo in · the . ~orkpJa'Ge in the me,{:lnJ1me.
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ad.m,it the di§missed employee ba"£1<'toWSJlN("' a. Unde~. the ._S~!lJe·, ter111~ )an~·:R1%1~.1tl9ns - ·.P(evaiht~g ·. ·prior_ to f:'us -dismissal _or separa .mn, or·t' · · · · ., · · 11 y ~qu~va 1 en t· p0·s1-1-·ion .1"fth.e , b . .·T9·· a s~...b.ts .;1_111a . · · former position is··already-filled up; or .. . 2. P&yr.oll · -~ein.statement ·__.:. ___ the · employer .~a~ . reinstate Jhe employ.ea·merely in the payroll with . :j:>aymenl. qf .the accrued ·~alaries .. {LABOR ·
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N.ote: T,he.. ~~er~ise of ·.one of the "fqfegping ~ptions·: may .be coin"pelleq_under·pain" of coti.t_empt-and..the, ·e·mpioyej: may· be n,ade. to pay" ·the salary-.of the employee .instead ·(NiRc· Rl,J!-ES, R.ULE-'lX, Sec. .-· 12). . . .. . . . . .
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. The ·order ~f rei~stafeine~~ the Lab.qr Ar~ite.r is . · obligatory ori th_Efpart of. th·e: employ~r ... He is. oti_lige_d· to., ,~instate and ·pay-the, wages c:if. the. concerned employe~ .durii:,g tne·period of.appeal.until reversal by ·.the. ·tiigher court· (Roquerb· v. · PH Airlines,' Irie., GR. No. 152329, April 22, 2093),
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2. ·· May ~ cited for contem·ptin accord~nce with "NLRC RUf_ES, RuleXI, Sec .. 9. for. his refusal to comply with th.e Wfil of execution orde.ring the · t t . t"· 1NLRC . RULciS .R ·1 XI S · 'g remsaemenb , . .. · 1, . ·. . ,:;;;:, ·, .ue· · . , . · ec.: .
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Jnstani::es_. when." Writ ·of Ex.ecution of LA's Re~nstatem~nt'Or(ler Still Required ·. · • 1-:. When the . emp_loyer . disobeys the: p"rescribed .· :directive ~o ·submit repo"i-t of compliance; and .. ·2 .. When. e.mployer refuses to reinstate the dismissed .employee (NLRC RULES; Rufe XI, . Sec:·9). ·. · · ·, · T:h.e. LA shalf: ~otu proprio i-ssuea wrifto satisfy the · reinstatement wages as. 'they: ai::c;t.ue .until actual . re.(nstatement . _<;>r ~eversal · of · the·. order.. of re1r.1staternent (Nt.RC RUl.,.ES,. Rule XI, Sec. ·12). . .. ·. . ..
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Te.st to Determine Employer-'s L{ability . Transmittal of Records The test to determine the liability ofthe employer Within 48 hours after the· filihg of the appeal, the -who did-not relostatethe employee. penr;ling appeal records of the case shall be transmitted by the RAB to. pay _wages of the dismissed employee covering ·a_r·office of or"igin to the Commission (NLRC RULES, the period from tile time hewas o_r.qe~ reinstated· by .Rule VI,. Sec. 8).. . the LA to the reversal of the LA's declslonis two-fold, ,· to wit: ..:. Effect of Filing of Appeal .. . 1. There mustbe actualdelay or the fact that the General Rule: Onceian appeal is filed; the Labor order of- reinstatement pending appeal was not · Arbiterloses.jurlsdlctlonover the case. All pleadings executed prior.to 'its reversal; and · · and motions pertalnmq to the· appealed case shall 2. · The delay must not: be due to· the· employer's thereafter· be · addressed to. · and filed · with · the unjustified .act.or omissioA.lBergonio li._S9uth Commission (NLRC RULES, Rule VI, Sec. 9). · · : East Asian Airline~/'G.R.Nd:-,f95Z27; ~pril 21, ' · · 2q14).. ',· . · ,• ·. . .. . . . · . . ."exceptio~: , · immediate ·, relnstatement . pending ' . appealunder Seetion 6 ot R1:1le XJ (NLR<:; RULES, Note: Ir° the delay. is due .to 'the, employer's Rule VI, Sec'. 9).· . . . . , . . : . ··'. . . ··unjustified_ refusal, the employer-may still 'be . requlredto pay.the satarlesnotwlthstandlnqthe · . Frivolo.us or-Dilatory Tactics . . reversal. 'of the La_bor. Arbiter'.$_. decisi~g~g_}l1ppeal· from 'an interlocutory order. shall be · (Bergonio·v. _South EastAsian·A;,,~~es,.}1,-:~':"No.1f f!ptj· -~~-~ (NI.RC RULES, RuleNI, sec. 10): · .195227,April 21,. 2014). · .;,/. jst,.~ !V j'\ . J ',),"'<'">- . -. . · .· , . . . . · . ·· ;#'<"'-· (~--;-..:=-~~hJ:} Com_m1~s1on may, after heanng, censure" Reversal of· Payroll 'Reinstat~Jfjent ~~-ahl>.r · .. or cite"'-ilii7coJ;it~t.iiPt-the erring parties -and ttleir · Arbiter, . · . p.*'·~~(;)#/ .,..,.....":""'"..,.....,.,.;.::=~-eou1:1~~0("'-subi_e1,t them to: reasonable fine or Aft.er the Labor Arbiter's d,ec,w.q,1·:Js~leyer!;fd "by·m) ,RSJrialty '(NC~'F._P:,f:!flEs;Rule VI, Sec. 10). "" high~r tribunal, the erriploye.~ may-,,¥barjed from A~ · \ . ''t collectirig'the·accrued;wageef( if it ist5howfthat the .... ~ PRO~E~D.INGS~Ei;:,ORETHECOMMISSION delay· in enforcing the reinstatit:'n:tentpending"appeal" . · '(RWef1ci¥.the Di}cifssiGluhderthe NLRC) . waswithout fc11,1lt; on the tf:ie: ·~tnp~~ (-:"_,,.~, ff . . ~I\<,=-~ J. . ·. . · ' · (Bergonio v. South East '*ia1J,.;r.<:\rnes, r,/o{._·.. ~m. CEIUIJ=:IEDjlO-ASj$ ' . . · · . 19!!227!'i!!-prii 21, 2014). . ~ilit!~1-'l~ .' . }1:.~79eJ~_1to jthe . '<1:§mmission for con:ip'ul~ory, Upon appointment by the -Se~u,ritifr~ ::!(Id E(ij1af.j~gf.'. ~);~jlf;;itl.i5n·_lin9"er,Art,J'278 (g) of_-the Labor Cocle Co~mi:>5ion_.of .a rel:labi!itation-\(e~~iv.~~JI'ficj,ti?3us""'---.;~J.,.-/{lf[t1~crR_UiJt~, Rull:fl'vlll, ~ec. 2). . . : . ·. · · · . for claims. bef9re. a.ny co1:1r:t., "'nbu~al~Qr. ~~~,._>-/ . p". · · . .· ~inclt:idiag !he' LN agains! the co~~r~tib!';;tj~d:!Jps~li.1P.'6!£~ ~'r><.Y /. : • . . • : ·. :· ' : .Jure b_e su~pe!"lded·(G~!c,a v. PH.A_°Jf,f!fsf'i!J,9fG.R.""?s=;:=.:,,,~r,-a ei:istlre)ng,mamtam 1ndl!.lstnal peace bas~d on· No. 7164856, January,20;2(}09). · ~~~ U ~.~1a~b6'11;:efaiid natio.nal inter~st by: liav)r:ig a full, ' . ... . . . . . ·. . ~ 1, }.k~n\01et:efand'immediate settlernenf 0[ adjudicqtion ~ecords of·Case on ft:ppe~J-. . . . · . ""..r.=x..e-="""ofm'i'"1~pordisputes b~tween the parties, as well as ·The records· of.-~ c;ase shall h~ve; cii. correspondiryg . . · jss.ues that are-relevant to or incidents of the.certified inde.x: ·._of.· -its- cq!it~nt$ · whic/1 shall. iriclue:le · ttie · issues (N(RCRULES, Rule·ym;:"sec.·1)~ · following: (GPM~OAMO)· : ·. · ., . · · · · · · · 1 .. Original copy"of g,o_l'l,)plaint;, A;sumption SOLE" or Certification:·o.fthe c~;·e. . 2.:. · Other'fleadin_gs.and_ motioris; · . .· When, in· ·his . opinion·, ·there·exists_. a. i.abor- dispute · 3, ·Minutes 6fthe·pr9ceedingS; notices,:-trans.cripts" .'c_ausing or-.likely to'c:ii"u:;;e a stfike·or lockouUn an. ·of_Ste.nograpl:l.ic nqtes, if.~riy;, r .. ·. . . indU$try indispensable . tq . riational ·ll')terest;. the 1 .... 4, Qec,sion_s, orders;: ·and .resolutions ·BS· well. as · .Secretary of. La~?r and En,pl0yment. may ·a~~um~ . proof 9f~ervi~e.trereo.f,if available;· ·. .jurisdiction over th~ dispute ·and· decide' jt or. certify 5. .The computation ot:tM:Award; : · · . . . tlie · same ·to· tt,iij · Com.mission · for compulsory · · 6 •.. Niemoi'an.d1,1m cif appea!'.an~:the 'r:eply or' answer"- · arbitration· (!AB9R CODE;Art. 278 (g)J: . . ., thereto, if ~ny,- and proof of ~ervic~,-if'avafla~le; and. · · · · · · :._ · Effects·of Certification . · ·• 1". Upon .certification, .Jhe_ intended or ·impending . Official fec~ip(of the app~al fee; and the app_eai bond; if any (NLRC RULJ=S,~Liie VI, Sec .. 7).. · strike or _ lqckoi.Jt is automatically · enjoined,' . notwithstandlng 'tt_le fllin'g . qf a'ny motion : for Note: The· ~ecords· shall be chrohologically arranged. reconsideration of. Ure l::ertificatiori 'order or. the and paged· prominently. (NLRC ROLES; -Ruie VI, non:reso.l4tiori. of any such motic?.n· wfi"ich .may. Secn7) . · have been duly submitted· to· the. 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Secretary of Labor arid Employment (NLRC · Procedu_re in Certified Cases . . . ·RUL.ES, Rule VIII, Sec. 3 (a)). 1. When there is no r:ieed to !=Onduct a If a· workstoppage has already .taken place at clarificatory hearing .· . . the lime of the certiflcation, all striking or locked The C;mm'fssion shall resolve all certified out employees ·shall·. immediately 'return to cases, within -39 calendar dayi from r,~·ceiptby work and : the employer shall . immedia.tely ,the assigned ~ommission~r .. of the · cl~~~}~1;?cords by the assigned Commissioner !,ase betore. i( (fy_LRC RULES;. ~f.!;!_)l!}.C;.,::;_ec. 3~-r t{ (r:,JLRC-Rt}l::ffi.f.:R~le VII!, Sec. 5 (b))... . . · · . ·:. · {b)). . ·, /'" · · · ,! l:.r;:a'J ·· . f/fj~ · • . · . · · : . . _ . . . · . \~ <{. .. .. ),··-·i\ _ Note: No ih~t1~n for, exte?,sion · or _postp.one_me~t 4. Whenever _a .cert1fiect· 1abor cj1spgtej~~0Wes a hi ~_hall be eF1t_e~a1Q~d(IV!..,RC fWl~S, Rule ~Ill, Se~. . · ·· ?i.lsin.~ss en.ti!¥: with sev~.r~l:_-~ri'.· · • J·uns ··· d"iction· over ... I.h·e · · p··,n·,..,.·p. a•-~otti·,,. ·i:!-, of\'-·the ,,..-i, E)(ect1fior-r.9, J-ladgment. in Certified .C~se · . r - '-.i' t-:-- ~T-i' .... _. : ~>-'!I~, , J:•-.: .. -t '!>#' ,,.-:.. company shall aGtjuire ju'r-i_sdicti,om.';46, detj~~--. 1•'') -1. M t~.._,.l?:B.f!,..9J:fir ·. . . · . such labor' dispute; un)ess the'<'ce_!1iji~atlbrord~t · · ~: I 2. Upon_ motion ~Y the pro~er.party (Nf,.RC ?f..!LES; providEi°s otherwise (NLRC RCIJ..~.s'. R/f(~ viii. !·,(_·--:-:~ R~I~ '(Ill,- Se?. 6~. . ·. ·· . . .. . . ·s .. 3 1 ,\\ ·, . . • > /-:;) . },... ,'' ~ .,,~1.--,,,,. . . ·. . •
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Effects-of.Defiance . . ·· · ·-,.~ • ./. / ..... : , Nature ·, . . It. shall be considered a~ an illegal·. a~t CQQ]_~,t~edrn · · The Chairman. any.Commissione.r ·or labor Arbiter . the c°.urse. of ;the_ .~tr1~e· .or l_ockout, and. :shall. . . maysummarily'adj).ldge:g~i)tyofdlrecJ.qorite.r:nptar::iy.· . authonze·· ~he: 9o_~m,.ssr?n to ~mf?r~e 'the s~me_peri;'on.(NLRGR()LE$,- Rule 1X. $eq; 1; as amended U{lder pan:i.. o! . 1mrneo1ate . d1sc1p!ma.ry actiory, ·. ,by:En Banc.Resolu.ti6nNo. ·14;17). .. . . . . : ..... in.eluding,_ (D-PO~) · .: . .- · · . · .: · · · . · · · . · ·. · · · . , ._ 1.:. ·. Q.isn:iissal or loss of employment·sta.tu~;. . · Gr.oun·ds . :· . '· ._ .. .. . : . . . 2::·· ..!~ayment' ·by the !ocking-out ·: em·ployer · of :Any ·act of mis.behavior in the. presence ofor so n~c:1r :· i backwages, d~mages; . . :. · ' ... ·. the Chafrman or ahy Commissioner or Labor Arbite~ . 3.: Other.affirmative relief; and · . . as to obstruct.orfr1te.rrU.PIthe proceE).dihgs .befpre fhe .· ·4. '?ven-cnminal ..."prosecution agc!inst the liable same, inc.lu.ding'; (10$3'.'A)" ._. ·. . . · ·. - . ·.. . . partie's (NLR.f RULES, Rule VIII, ..~e~: 4). 1 ..- Lise of !ntemperate · l~rigui,ige·._: durin~ .·the.' . proc¢edirigs-'before~~id-otf!cials;···. . .. : . Note: Th.a . Co.;,mission·· . may ·al.so.. seek the 2. Offensive acts t6wards·)he sai.d offii::fals;· . . . assist~nce. of.law ·enforcement agendes to ensure 3 .. Refusal to be sworn or·to answer as a witness; ... "complia1\ce and . enti:m:e.ment of its orders :_and · 4. Retusafto subscribe.to ari affictavit·or <;1eposltion _·. re~ol_~tions:(tyLRC RULES, Rufe VIII,· Sec. 4). wh~h.la~uiiy·r~qujr~d·to do_s·o; ·_ . ' . . ·.. ; 5. Hef4sal "to .§ign, witho.ut any justifiable reas.ons, the Min.utes ·Of the. proceedings .even if present ' . or . hc:!S ·. par:ficJpatecl .. in , the. disCll?Sior,'1/ de_liberation; and-
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-JURISDICTIO.N.AND RE_M.EDIES·SAN BEDA LAW C£NTRALIZ£D BAR OPERATIONS~ M(MORY AlD 2019"
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Grounds: (MD-PAAD~PSA) . . -~ 1. Misben.avi6r,of any officer or employee in the -I. perforrnance,of his/her -official duties or in his/ . Pe!')alties _ her-official transaction; · · 1. If the .ottense -i~ committed aqalnst the 2: Q.isobediehce .o( or resistance· to, a lawful writ; · Commis·sion'or any member thereof: order or decision:" . . . a. A fine not exceedinq ?500, 3. · Any- abuseof, or any unlawful interference with b. Imprisonment not: excee~i"ng 5 days; or the frocess.es. or proceedings not constltunna c, Both. ·(NLRC RULES, Rule lX,. Sec. ((A), as· direct contempt; -, · amended by E.n Banc Resolution No. ·1.4-17) 4, · Any_ lmprojier conduct tending, directly· or .. ~- lfthe.offense is committed. agains.t ·any Labor· indirectly, ·to impede, obstruct or. ..degrade the · Arbiter: · ., ·· · ·· · . ~dministration ofjustice; · :a.· .A fine nof.exceedlnq P1 QO; 5. • ·-Assu,:niqg to be an attorney-or a· representative b. Jinpri_ionment not exceeding 1· day; or . . . · of party without authority; · · · · c. . Both (NLRC RULi=$, R_ule IX; Sec. 1 (A), es · · 6; Failure' to obey a §ubpoena duly served; or · . amended by En.-Banc Resolution No. 14: 7. U_sil of Q.erogator.y,.offen.sive, rnallcious false. · 17): . . . . . . statements in pleadings .submttted before the . ~ . . . . . ·,,=-.,.=---=::~ Con'iin!s~icm or· its RAB where the proceedings Note~ . -_,,;;,~. . ·ir )--r )'. j_ai'~~nd1ng; . . Wtiere a fine is irnposed.. the Order f?,f;;"9on!f~~pt }\JM~kit)~ny fublic, baseless and maliclous: shall be immediately issued: If th~ 83r-t~fadj!idg_~==---=~l;l(ate~iwt~tending -to undermine the guilty of direct contempt refuses tcMtfY.th'e.)"~fs/he . · .. . :)3'dJ:Qin.istr?,fl(?J\ of. . -justice against the shall· be subjected to subsidi~ry~irilpr.i_~9~e.r:i.t,of·4'.'"'-s-=··=--....,.,.,_C.&~'rnls~i1,r,:' aq_y. . member thereof, or any LA, by day for every P1 O~ fine ·(NLF}lJ([jl:J,L;Ej~, pite_. IX~) ')!' w any1,pa~q_c-,~~el y.'h~ ~as a case, pe_nding_or Sec. 1 (A), as amended by EljJ' ~a[ii:ifjfesolut,on NJI'. o!he~rse\ppfore·1.!_)eofficials concerned; 'and 14-17). ·.· . l 9..:.,..,Other, g_r.o~r-c;l~~alogousto the foregoing · -rrot;Ff Rl:Jfit~~~eIX. Se~. 2). .. .. . _· Where rmpns_onment rs .rmpqse'a';"'~eCha!'f.1a,n~:1l)e""--:1lYJ t:z'!:~" .{ . . Commissi.oner;.orthe Labof, ~,r::l:~jtefr;.may ~eputi~y{-;--p ~r-0ceedmgs · "} · any security personnel of th,N~cltoh~leperrod of ·Peripd to' Appeal (Adjudged·by the LA) . c ... :-..-.;,,;..""'~~;i"c~lendar days. Jrpm the receipt" pf-the Verified·. :Wit~in a·· per\od .of 5 ~alerydar·days from ··notic~ of the::· . A)'iswer/CommE;i_ntOf · !-lP!'.ln.. the.· lapse· :of 10-day, . judgment. The decision· of th~:<;;ommissi.ori shal.l be · . p~riod to submit the s·ame· (NLRC RULE;S, .·Ru/f!J '/X, ·. imm·ediately executory·. and u nappealab(e: '(NLRC Sec_: 2 (B), as a'mended by _E;n BancRft_sofµtion No. RlJLE;S, Rµie-.fX,. _Sec_.· 1 (B), _aroe_nd~d by Et,. ." 1+1lf· . . . . . .
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. Effect of Perfectio_nof an Appeal
The execution- o.f said judgm~_nt..shall· be stispended . pending resoluti'on. oflhe· appea!. up_on the. fili,:ig ~Y . ·said person of a bond on.conclition that-he will abide. by_°~nd _perfprm the judgment-shouid)he appeal be .. · . decided against_him/her (NLRC RULES; Rule JX,. . s~c. _1 (BJ, -as·ame_nded _by·En. BiJncResoJµtionNo. · 14~17)".
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P~n.;iltjes: . . . . . . . . .. . .. . ·1. Wcamm.Jtt~d a.gafnsJ the.· CommisS:i_on :or ·~ny . member)Frereof. ..:.. ·a fine of P1 ,o.oo:·per·-da·y f¢_r . every act of indirect contempt; . .. . . . . . 2. : If. . the offense· is .. committed against _Labor. Arbjt~r .,,·@ fine 'of P900 per d~y for·'every.aci.of. · ·. ' ·. ind ire.ct cohte.mpt; . . · . · . ·. 3. · If it involves ci violatk>n of ·an irijur)ctior:i or, an ~mis~ion to do an. act wit~irj the power of the respondent.to perform'~liable for damages a c;onsequence there"of;.a_nd . . ..
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~~-4: If the contemptuous act constitutes a series.of · act or a continued refusal/defiance to a lawful order,. writ . or decision -· a fjne for eve'ry .. contemptuous· act or per day. of continued .· · ·refusal/d.efiance (NLRC RULES, Rule IX; sec. 2 (C), as emended by {=n Banc Resolution No. 14- · · 1 , 1.7). · · .;.:.,. . . · . . J:'Enforcemen.t of decision . . )f,'.;: A writ of execution may be issued to enforce the. · ,_. decision· irnposinq -euch . tine 'and/or consequent .: damages as ·punishment for indirect ..contempt. i; (NLRC RULES, RuliflX, ~ec. 2'(D);· as emendedby . ~'· En· E3anc ResolutiorrNo._ 14-17). l~ · · Remedy ~7• The person adjuqged guilty of indirect contempt may . . tJ:· appeal. the Order issued by the Labor Arbiter to the. Commission. by filing. a Memorandum of Appeal .wtthin 5 'cetender days from.. receipt th~~eof (NLRC.·.,<) RULE.S. Rule IX, Sec. 2....(E), as· amended by JF.ef.:/)( Banc ResolutionNo. 14-'17). . · . . r: ,,;/!.' ,'~\ ..:: .:_!:'.·
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render .ineffectual·any decision in favor of such party; · ·2. · Certification . of non-forum shopping shall. accompany the petltlon for injunction; and 3. Posting·of the requlred cash bondin the amount to be determined by the Commission to answer · for any ·damage._th.at may, be suffered .by the .party enjoined, if it ,is finauy.deterrnlned that the petitioner is· not antitled'thereto >(NLRC-RUL~S, · Ru,lf!X, Sec. 1). . · · . .· _In Strikes or Lockouts . . . . . A prellrniriary or permanent (nji:i'r1ction. may -. be granted by the Commission: . : . . . ··· 1. Only after heaririq 'the testimony. of -wltnesses . and. with opportunity for cross-exammanon 'In support of the allegations qf the complaint or petltlon made. under oath, and.testimony by way of opposition thereto, if offoreg,·and , · · 2. Onlyafter'a finding of fact by the. Commlsslcn: (PAIR-P)
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Thaffrnhibite<;I or unlawful acts- have been ·. . r;-}4~;. ,,.,,.~ threatened arid ·will be committed and will be Note: · . · \J ! • ·,: · •· "i. · co11tiriu·ed . unless . restrained, . but no. The memorandum of appeal shall state-the ~.!8,6n<[&.:;.rf~~.,..,.~[':!).~~i.~tion. or' temporary restraining order: of appeal and t;>.e ~ccor:r:ipanied'by. proof.p,a:,ll'l1entof~.J.\,r -,..shalftie rssued on. account of an.y threat,. · appeal f~e of P500- (NLRC..RUL..ES,. R(:fri>f, Se~. P.ro.~i~\\edor .unlawful act, excep_t.~g~inst (E)). . · · . . \.;~J~ ,, · / l~ : thEJ JP~\son or persons, assoclatlon or . · . . . · . . . · · ·.,;;/). (~ ·. ...r'-" _" : t'',r . OJga~i~aJion : making .. t~e· ttir¢at· or ·.·1.NJUNCTION.. . · ·. , · · ·..,-<:.[';..-'( ~!/~ ..... · -~ ., ·1~_l, . .· ~9rri~ittin\):theprohibitedorunla'Wful'act'or Ter:nporarr. Restrainin~ Ordtr;;9"RQ-)~9~sists:.c. That· ~llbstantial and irreparable !njury·· to can only be exercised in a . labor. d~J;>U~6lJlrNLRC e?~)~Pl_Qetitioner'sprop~rty will 'follow; RULES, Rt:ie· X! Sec ·1). · ·· x<1;;:z.a-~_.,.,;.'.~:J,t.q:.hi3t as t? ~.ach it~m of ~eli?f to be gran~ed, · .: · . . . ·· .. ·. '. ' . \")_· ~ frftJ _.greater. lllJUfY. Wiii be Inflicted: upon the Npte: A n,istraining_prder .is not an· injul'.\tl4dn\at all pe.titioner--by-:the denial <:>f reliefthan. will be .. but.ci writ to comp~! parties to' maintain th'itir(auers. inflicted'ltpqn i'espom;lentsby the graritirig (lf . in. controversy in status.' quo.. until· the ::question bf reli.ef~and ·.... ·:. . ·. . -- '.' . ·. . :. ' : . -whether or nofa .temporary .or preliminary injunction . e. That tti·e. Public. officers charged with· the ·. "·' . ought.to_pe:j~slle,d may'be deterrnine,d {f?FHomes . duty tq prote'c~ :p·etitiorier's prpp_er:ty' are··. { v;·Reyes, No. 44514·R/MarcfJ 16, ·1971). · · ur.:iable or unwilling ·t9 furnish ;:idequate . ... . ' . . . . protection (NLRC R()LES,'Rule X, Sec. 2). Who Mel}'. Issue: (PSN) · · ·· ' · · ·· · · · ;, . . . 1. fresident (Art. 278 (g)); . . . . Notice an:d Hearing 2. §.ecre1ary of Laqor (Art. 278 (g)); ~nd . · · Hearing shall be )leld after d.ue._ahd personal notice 3. ..~LRC .(Art. 225). ·.. . . · .. . thereof has been served, iii such. manner as lhe i~ · Commission shatr direct; ·10 all known persons In Or'di.na_ry .Labor-D)l?.J)Utes. agak,st whom reli.ef.is' .sought, and ;:ilso to thE;i Chi~f · A preHminary or., pemianent injuncti9n m~y- be Executive and otherpublic officials of. the province or ·granted ·oy -the Commission .t!Jrough.. its Qivisions city. within· which 'the _linlawfQI .. acts have b~en. . pursi.iant-tcrArti9le229.(~) of the labor Code,.wtien: .threatened'·or committed chargl:ld with the duty to 1. It' .is. establislisd the basis· of... the. ·sworn - . prote~t·petitione.r·s·property·(NLRORULES, Rl!le X, .. . ailegat)on~ ·. in . the . petition . that the acts . Sec ..._3). . . complained of .involving or arisingJrom.any·l~bor: dfspute. before the ComlT)ission, which;· if not 'f · :restrained or ·performed fortl}wit_h, may_ cause ,. · grave or irreparab1~ damage to any party or
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Effectivity: 20 days.from the posting of'the . cash bond required (NLRC RULES,Rule x; Sec.. 8). ·.
Reception of Evidence; Delegation It may be delegated by the Commission to any of its . Labor Arbiters. who shall 'conduct 'such hearings in such places . as: h~/she may'. 'determine to be accesslbte to the parties and their witnesses and shall .· 'thereafter .. submit . his/tier report . and recommendation to the Commission .within .15 'days from such delegation (NLR<; RULES, fMe X, Sec..
. 4)..
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o.uring, th~ . said period, the parties shall be required: to 'present evidence to substantiate their respective positions in the main petitton · :(NLR.C .RULES, Rule X, Sec... 7): ·
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Note: .The: TRO. 'shall become . void- after the . .expiration of t~e .20-:day perlod. :
Ocular lnsp·~~t.lon · . .The Ohairman, ariy Commissioner, Labor Arbiter o.r their dlily authorized representatives, rnay at. any time· during work hours, conduct an ocular inspecticn " . (N{..RC'FWLES,·Rule X...Sec.· 5). . · ...·· ·· . · . Note: The ·ocular.'· inspectlon report. shall be submitted within' 24 hours from the conduct t_hereo{ (Nl,RC RULES, ~,ule,X, ·.$ec.. 5)..
It may be lifted, : qr. ·.it. -rnay" b~ upqraded to a.,· · permanent i_njunction.. ·: ·
T.h~. TRO .takes effect.upon .it~ issuance; .ifa bond is.. posted and nof Upon receipt of the.·parties.-(Manotoc · v, Agcaqili,A:M, No. RTJ-9B-14q~,Apri/:12,·2000),
. ·1r:iju!'ctio.n fr~~ NL~C i_s ·~~t·t~e prope~.JJHt'l~u~~~Qutj~g: th~- effe.ctivitypt 'a 1:RO, Saturday, against :employE!e _d1sm1_ss~.1 ·. .. ~~. ~:. It,. · _ _1i,~}1ohd~ys;; are inc.lude? (Mcjmotoc v. The power of the -~LRC to issue a,rpinJ~q\1vj,:~~,q~1/r, j\)1-~· RTJ~98-1.405,Aprl112, 2000). . originates .from "any la?Or ~isp~t~tjpon ~pgl,lcat1on · '';.,".,,... <:.):;~, :· . . .. · by a party· thereof, which, apphc;_?1tion-4')_),,9f~pted""'' _"'".;?-rt"....~·astt~&-i~'.\...~· . ~ . .. . ·· · may ca.use·grave or imipara.ble-/:l~~ap{;lrt'bany pa~) ,E?,p0,000,\. ~~ s,1::1~ ,~igher amount ·. as . may be . or r~_nder·ineffectual -~ny di,ei}.i'or}·ifl/~vor/ot 'sudfJ' ,./"' · .de.termiri'ed . ~ t1hE:. <S;o~rnissior;i ·(NLRC· RULES,
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It is an· ~SSel')tial·re.qu.ireniery \~~iti."'ere.-mu~t firstlQ.0'"~· K.l=~t:tsof Defia),i\!e"~ a. labor ..di~pute. ~e~eeh ··&he., ~-o~tend~~ p.art_l&,~1: ~)3..ordfr.or-~es§Jutio~~joinin~ the perfor.manc~ ?f befora.the labor,arbtter (PH'f,-fdrl1~eflnt.,·¥,'iflLR.fb~l!fi11;g~~'9.~)~~?fl,f,1mRJep1at~Jy·· executory, G.R. No.. 12,0567, March 2~.~1?~8~\\ -~·~"'\ ..., :i,i,w ~ ..~~car ~~lw1tljtA~1>ltef':'s.ther~of (NLRC. RULES, . . · . · . · \\ \.._% \ LJ \. ,;, .:Ji'i · ~-wil~ J.!Jj!c. 9).(f "1· · ·, · ·. ·· , . ·.. Temppra'ry'Restr~rn:ing Ord\f · \ .· ~~-~ jl . :,: ·: · . ·- Requisites,·(lTlW,. . ·.· :,· \ .. ·· ~: -."-.; ~'~N,Q~~The. pJoc~dur~· and substantial requireme{lts 1. · Peti~iooer·?ha.11.alleg.e-.t~at; ~less .a~!: s~ff;rEN-:~E:~diclo/'2'1_8(e).jnust b_e_ stri~tly ·complie~ :,vilt: 1~J~n.cJ1on may_ issue I!;! a· lab,or· dispute, ... be: issued w,~hout : r;iot1ce_, a\..subst~1o1li'al""f~'et'~ef~n . . irrepa~.s1ble .Injury ~o pe.tilioner·~~~i;iffct~i!l"~e;~~19,,;..,,{!!J...M!!i)ggagawa·sa ··Concre,te Aggtf!gates, · ura'-'.OJdabl~ ·(Nlf?C RULES, Rule "1'!,, -f[:.Jlil~>-.l!i__";{!,J~fifC,.G.R:. No. 1050~(!,. Septe,:nber. 16, . 2.-. Testimony unt:lef oath,.·or· by .affidav,ts-"~he .¥!1'1993)/,;,~') . · · · · .. _. · · · .. . peti~joner's witnesses, 'sufficient,' ff s.ustained;{O"'----:----·. : ',: •. .. . . . justify the· Commissioh In- the issuance~ thereof : ' . . EXECUTION. PROCEEDINGS·. (Affi(!avit·of MeFit) (NLRC RULE$,·.Ruie )(,' Sec. · · · · ... · · ·- .· · :· · · '.·6));' c111d · ;_ · · .. . . . Who· lssii'e·w~it°:9f exe.dutio.n: (SRC·L,MV). 3, .' Filing .of an. !,!naert~king:,.'t<> . a.riswer. fqr ·th!3 . . · ·1. .§.ecretary of l,..abor; . .. · ·. damages.arid. post'a casb bond in the ai:nol!nt.of· .i,: B~gional.Director; · P50,000, .or .such highe~ amount. as. may: be : · · 3. ·commission; -.~etermin.ed byJhe Cominfssion (NLRC RUL~$. . . 4. LaborArbiter; · . .Rufe')(, ·,Sec.. 7). . : . · 5: 'Med-Arbiter; 'and : · . . . .. . . ·e. ·. Y:0l~ntary A~itrator-·or. Panel ·of Arbitrator·.(2 · . :NQte:' ':The - p~rpose;• .. of.. cash ·bond· is· to AZU9ENA.,supra'at 1.47),· · • · . · · '-. , . . .. 'recompen!Se 'those ..enjqined .for' ariy. lo;,s; . ' . .. . . . ·· .expenses o.r da'mag~. caused by:ttr~ improvident Note; .Regular courts have ·~m:juri~dic~i~n·:tQ. hear . o.r :erron~ous... ·issuance: ·of ·s·uch order,·· ·or and ·decide qu.estioris··which' ari~e ·.f~om· and are · injunction; · includ,ing · all . · reas'onable . costs, . lripidenfa1·to'the ·enforc;ement of;declsions, order's.,or . : . together -.yith a ·reasonable attorne'y's fEfe,. and· . ·awards .rendered · iJ"i .. labor· c,ases by. apprppriate expi,lnse. of c!efense ag·ainst'the gfi!nting of any.· . officers and tribunals of the o·epartment of Labor and· , injunctive relief sougl:lt·fn the·same pro~eding · . Employment. To hold· otherwise i~ ~o· sanction . and ..s1,1bsequently· denied· by the Commission ·splitting o,f.ju~isdiction'.wti'i~h·.is obriOxiou.s.'to the. (NLRCRULES,Rule X; Sec; 7).
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a decision or order that has · become- final and executory (NLRC .RULES, · Rule.XI,
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become final and-sxecutory and so can no Longer be challenged, there is no question either that it must be enforced in accordance with its terms and
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When a motion for execution may beflled before .. ~-: the.. Labor Arbiter · ·. :· · · ·· . · : . . !-; · 1 . · '(-Jhen the. labor Arbiter has possession of the J. caserecords: or ·· . · . :f 2. · Upon 'subrnisslon of certified ·-true: copies of. the "decisions or fin.al,c:>_rderfs souqht.tobe enforced . ii!including notice of decision · or order · and the · ~/ · ~rjtry :of· judgment,". Cb·py furnished .the adverse ·· l party (NLRC-RULES, Rule XI, sec. 1 (b)).
GR .. No. ·
L-Q5173,
· The NLRC.has.authority to ·look into the· corre·ctn.ess of the execution of the. decision and to consider supervening event~ that may affect.Such execution (Bliss De.velopme()t. co;p. 1.1101.7, August 31, 1995).
v. NLRC,
G.R. ·
No. ·
-Effect qf Petifiori for Certio;ari ~ith CA ~r SC on · E;xecution · . . · · _ .. . . . . ii s.hall riot stay the executi9n of the a.ssailed · decision uri!ess a restraining order is issued-by said . courts (NL.RC:R~L!iS'.·Ru/e XI, Sec. 4). . . .
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. . · · . . ., · Effe~t ~f.a Motion.to Lift Entry.·of Judg~ent . ~.': .Effect_of_Peifected Appeal · ..·· ·. ·,,,.('."> . The _exe~ution proceedings shall notbe suspended; . .It stays the execution _of 'the decision of the Lalwr·: 7'fJ · and the records of the ca.se shall not be elevated to A_r~iter.· except execution fat reinstat_~ment pe_n.1'.~~~;(;.).. ·_th_e Comtn~~sion unless ~rder~d (NLRC.RUL_ES, ~pp~~I (Nlf:?C-RUL,ES, Rule XI! Sec: 3). · . , \}"J··H·:i-•·,}· Rule XI, Sf:C: 5) .. · : . . · . . · ·.. . · ' · · ·ri ,.c,\+·~·•t, ~· · .·Wheri_: wrjt··· of. execution by" motlon :9r:,-1'bi·;·i-~:~~~.~~.~.utidp Corifere.nce .; . . · . il'l~e_P.ende.~t actionmay be 'i~sued". Wit~m--Z:w!;ir.~;1r.gpa~i;; from. rec~ipt of~ rnot!on for_ . w,th1r:i 5 y~~.rs from the data rt becqm,es-.~nal an""dJ-:-~ the.1):;suan?fr~ta wr_1t of execution w~1ch shall be· executory.. After :th~. lapse: of suct.i~;::p,e.pod.· th!:¥',,.. i"\. acconip.anJ~e dElrJ'.landed; ·. . -the· ,:amei,qment .pf -c.or:rectlon (Republir; · v: .:. 3, ·N<;1me ·ot the party,- whether ni3tura1. or jutidioal, .. Tango, G.R. No. ·1:61062, Joly 31, ~9Q9).: . against wbom the writ ·of-.exe1::utionwas i_s·s·ued; App·~aled" Manner of Execution ·m~y· be .·. . . ~- . ~~~:.Qiipositi~~ ~ortion the;~~f (NLR.c; RULES'. ~ Finality Jlldgme'nt be.comes·i:! 'fact upon. th~ lapse . : Rule XI,. Sec, 7). . . ·. · .. ·. . · : · .· of.t~1;i reglementary peribd·ot appeal arid if no appeal Effect,vity:· 5 yea~s from ·aate of erit_r-y of jup~ment 1,· ·. 'is perfecte'd..·ln sueh a si(t.iati.9n; the P.re.vailing party or issuance of·~ertificate. of fi_nqlity then~.of. In case· of is entitle~ as: a matter' of right..to a wi:iJ of ex_ecution partlal'satisfaction·of Judgr'nerit during th~ lifetim_e of ( (Abbqt 'v. NLRC, G.R. .M;,. L-65173, Oci0ber· 27, the writ; the Labor.Arbiter shall mo.tu ·proprio issue t, 19~.6}.. .'. . .. . . . . an, u·pdated Writ· reflecting the. amount -collected -anq · ,. the· rei:naining ·balan.ce (Nl.,RC RULES,Rule XI, Sec. . There .is· a . big· diff~~ence it· Vo(hat is s~ught to be· ?'... 7, as amended bi En Banc Resolution No. 11-12, reviewed is not'the decision 'its~lf but .the manner of .. series.of 2012)". . its' execution.-. While it is true .that the deci~ion has ·
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Enforcemerit of Writ .,of Execution . The Sheriff, or. other. authorized officer acting as . Sheriff of the Commission shall serve the writ within .. 3 ..days fromrecelpt'of the' same' (Nl..,RC RULES, Rule XI, Sec.. 8). · · ·
Fqr monetary · judgm.ent on cases involving OF.Ws, the manner of exeeution shall be ·in . accordance with R.A. No. 10022 (NLRC RULES, Rule XI,.Sec.. 9 (d)).
Break Open Order Should. the losing party, his agenf or representati.ve, ··Manner, of Exe·cution ~f Mone.tar/Judgment .. refuse or .Prohibit th~ sheriff, · or ·hrs agen·t or t. Immediate payment.en demand' . authorized representative entry to the .place. where In case of voluntary, tender of. payment PY the the .property subject' of execution is located or·kept, losing 'party,Jt must bee . . . . . . . the prev~iling. party fTlay fil~· a· motion for. a break a ... It shall be. effected.beforethe Labor Arblter . ·of Executive' Labor Arblter in the pre~t3'nce· open ord~r·· (NLRC RULES, Rule· XI, .:se.c. 1V, .as of the· prevalllnqparty.: . . . . . . . ..... . . amended.by En Banc Re~olution No. :11-t2, Series .. '?' 2012):' . . . . b.. · If prElv.ailing partyis absent, tender' is made · ··by' deposiflnqthe samewith the Cashier. of -. the NtRC ·or authorized -deposltory bank . Execution.in Caseic:>f.Death . .. . . and shall be reteased.onty upon brder.of-the . · Jf a party.dies after the entry the entry of.judgment or . · Commission or Labor Arbiter who.lssuedthe . issuance. of .certiflcate of finality, .execution may ·· , .writ (tJLR(; RULES, Ru~eXI, Sec.. 9 (e)). -.,=-~ssue or. if issued, may· be enforced, · in .accordance 2. . lnthe eyent· al f?!f~re", or. refu.sal . of.'.~fe:i:I~. s1~g 1U" . - iTu.'lli~{~~les of Col.irt (NL.RC RULES,.Rule XI, Se.c: party. to f)ay the Judgment. awar91r:me .~t,i~rrff , [titJ.f 1r )0 . . . . . . . · . . . . · .· · shall immediately:furnish the-, loajpg;-P.1frt¥·ffei~f-r l · · _,\.,. · · .. · . · , .copythereof by registered ·IT;\~ll"gt\~"'cwfftier . : Exifo\uioVor ..~;1p·statement-PendingApp~~I . . authorized bythe .co.mmfssJ.rdfor: m). ·~~)nstat'ef;eq~ ~,.alj,~:\,the employer- disobeys. · its a. · Cash ~nd;:. ~\;};f' :V .tr" ~ffo.. .d'~ision,~. the i~f.J5?r .~tpiter'~~all ininiedi~tel~ is~u~· b ... -Bankdeposlts; · /! · .: . ff · . ..i.~')..,. wnt of execut1cr1;1,(e)?e.![1\endrng appeal, .d1tectrng the c, Surety bond;_ · 1 .. · f ...'......-- -rilitr~·-emp·!aye~ to iniptE{.gi~t~ly..~ein~tate- ~he. dismissed · d .. · ·. If c~~h. or surety t:>ior(~Ninsuff'.iefe~t~e"';:i. Jt~~'-qipfoyef:eit_h~rtJ3.~!-f~llyor 'in. the. payroll,. a11i:l to .· ~herrff .: sh~U. • exr~tt:t.13f.~ the._. · ~~:>net~~~~Y. th~· accrued j?a(a,F1~~ as a conseque.0ce·.o~sµcti . Judgment by. ·lev,1.n~t.qr,! t!Q~rsohal,';3._.,-;--·non-rerr!l~me1rt rn :t1e amout1l s~c1fied . .in·.the pro~ertyr if i~su~· 1cie.t:~he t~.. : /~~ . .~ .. ~ec1~~'J&£Raf.· '4.:/Jd::!9; .RLJieXr, Sec. 12)... : ·. · ·of. the .. losrng .pa .. 1:....~ot\exe p_~rom~ :-1g . ·. ·.. · . · -. :... ex:21..!tion,_.si.,sffici~nt cover'1heJ ~!:!,Sl3_1e-.La.par ~rbJJE!r sh:=111'.motu ~ropio' is_sue:a. ·. award, ~hJch. ri:,ay be.·Gl{s~os!:l.ci''<-~~tors.y,a:l;!~'--.•. ·..;./oof.re~po~d!.yf'g. W(ltjtb s~t1sfy.· the .. rerl')stat~m~nt: . at a pu~l\c·au.ctror_to the,~ghest·tJ1{!~~er.;..~fy£,~~\.~J~ti.ey. ac9,rue .~IJtil 1i)Ct~al reinstatement or e.' If the lqsmg prop~rty !l'l:ls· n0:prope_rt1~s~r.~1~e~w.§aF!~·~-IP~/'0rder . of ·re1r-istatement (NL:f?.C insuffi.cient arid ttie · · b,o~l~~~~-=~R~Llf~~!~)(l; Sec:· 12). ·, · · · . . . · ·. . -refuses to comply with the'writ ot-,exlo.iftion, l\: \'\ ~.::~?7' . . . .· ' . . . . . .. . the:. sheriff .'shai1. ·proceed lo.·.1ey.y~the., !.\ .JL1R'bir.oJut1on.of 'Motfon ta· Quash . ·, . . . .·. . personal prope_rty;and,.if·.\nsufficient,1tie~=~'motionto quash shall be resolved qy the LA wittiih pra'ny's: . presi.Efen.t;, offlc~.rs. or· proceedings .(NLRC RUL(=s; R1,1le ~I, Sec. 13).. . · authorized. repfeselitative.s..(NLRC R.ULES, · RuleX/;.Sec.9.(at·fl,s·a(l?e_nded.pyEn.Bahc ·. ·· Remedies of a'·Third Party Whose Property Has · Resolt.itioil' No:.14-15; Series of 2015)> · · ·. . . · Be13!1Wroilf!'tully Levied .. · .·:_-·;:. . . .. . 3, .. If the bo.nding. company. rafus.e~ to pay ·.or .. the. . .. ~ party whose property h·as been .v.,rengfully ley1ed· batik holql~g tne .cash deposit ofili~ )c;:isirm·party · · · to enforce a dedsion.may:·~MAIS). . ·. . · . ··refµse·l? to re)ease the garnistwd amount despite·. . t ._ Motion for' Exclusion"or .R~lea~e of the prop~rty . th~ 9rd~r or '.pertinent processes .issi.J~d· .~Y the ... wrongfully leviep q.n execution;·.. :. ··_. · · · · 't,.abor Arbiter the·.cammi~!,iori, the president'. . ~ .. If the third p·arty claim is der.ijed, the'thircr pa:rty or . the ·., respor:isibie.. _..pfficers . R~ · ·authori~~d . · ·. may·~p,peal the denial to the N,LRC (Yupangco representatives of .the Sfiid bonding.company .or : Cottim.·Mills,· 'Inc. y. CA; ·G:R. No.- 126322,· the bank who resjsted '. or daused the·: ncih. . January 16, 2Q02}; · , . · . . • compliance. shall be -eithen::it~d. for 'contempt; or · 3. . !ndepend~nt civil :action lo recovet ·the. title ·ehd · . .. hel_d liable for resistanc.e .arid disobedience ..tq a possession of the·prop'erty 'l'lrongfulJy levied on . person in :aut~ority or fhe. ag·e.nts-ofsuchperson execution (RULES.OF c·OUFJT; RULE·39', Sec • . (NL.RCRU.LES, Rule XI, Sec.-_9 (b)). ,. . 1'6; yup1:1ngco·Cott9.n:.Mills. Inc.. v. CA, siJP,ra); . a~· . '. .
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2019 SAN SEDA LAW CENTRALIZED l;lAR OPERATIONS
.
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JURIS.D.ICTION· . AND REMEDIES ,SAN BEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OUEl(ATIONS ~ MEMORY AID 2019.
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·amended py.En Banc Resolution No. 14-15, Series
.§ervice by.the ..third party claimant on the officer making the levy and upon the j1,Jdgment creditor of an affidavit Of title (RULES OF. COURT, RULE 39; -seo; 16). ·
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Note: If. the third -p~rty claim is denied wi.th finallty, the bond shall 'be made answerable in lieu at the property subject of- the third party claim (NLRC, RULES, Rule XI, Sec .. 14 (d}, as amended by' En Beru: ResolutionNo. 14-15, Series of 2015), ·
:NoJe: ThJs ls.also.known as tercerla. The above rernedles.are cumulativeand may be resorted' to' by a third-party clalmant independent of or separately from and without need ofavaiiinq of. . the others (Yupangco Cotton Mills, lnc., v. CA, G.R.. No.' 126322, January 16,.. 2002). . . ... .
RTC Injunction ag,ainst NLRC . General.R~le: No court has the power to .interfere 'by injunctjon with judgments of another court with concurrent/ coordinate· jurisdiction (2. AZUCENA, supra f)f 1.49). · · · · · ·
{ · Third Party .Claim . "'. J(a· property levied JS claimed by any" other person· {: other than the· losing party; such personmay file a f third party ·claim: not ·later jhan 5 ·days from the last day at . posting· or publication of .the notice · of J~ execution sale, otherwise the claim shall tie forever. j: . parred (NLRC RULES,,Rule XI;·Sec. 14)-. .
E~ceptio~;
Whe; a· t~ird.~p~rty ¢~~plaint .is, inv~lved .· (Yupangco.Co.tton · Miss, Inc.,· v.. CA, 6.R. No. 126322, January 16, 2002). : ·.: ,, . .
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; . ' · · ..... - · . .. .: ·. . . · : ·.. · -· . . ... _ -,.,-:'r) ·. Not?:' If the .property und~r levy. does n~t belong to ''i'.: Requisites for a .third party claim a~e: ~ABDF) ,~/''/)•i the judqrnent, debtor 1n the. NLRC case, ,t_·qoul.d not · ·.·>·1. Ar:1.Affidavltstati1"1gtit_le.toproperty.or'righttcnh1f/~'\ be validly levied .upon by the $heriff for the~ } - . poss_e~sion thereof, with supportinq ev/den{i~~/:.: .-·;;) sat!sfact_rori'of the j~clgmenf therein'. If t~~ third party 1,: ·2 .. Posting of a cash or surety ~ond equwalen,\.tQ.. : ,.,,! ~cl~1J!l81'1~ d9~s not.involve nor grows -out of a· labor .. \t ·. th~. amount ofthe claim or judgment awa!,c:j:{/ ·'·,[~·''.'7.Ldi~~µte,,a#,ei1~rafeaction for injunctive relief against · :i;'. 3. In ~a~e·o( re~I ~roperfy, posting offar,~_tfurklable~' suc;n·1~vy-:ma'V be maintaine~ in court '(Co Tuan v. ;, · cash ~ep.os1.t of ~20,000 to.r thl1:A!>~:¥'°1ent of'J.: NLRC,_ G.!.?ff'.)r!.17232, April 22,1~98). -repubhcat1on_ of notice of 8l;JCt10.n:~a!~;r~md ~ )--·- l~ - /j if '\\ · · .· · 4. P~yment'of'filing fee (NLRC _F;IJy:E~.(!Wle !(I, · I'~( She_riff':-1-;etpr\a!'l~Report ·· ' , · S,ec,. 14(a); as;!1,'!1fJndedbY.,,Ejtl"Banc'fje'solut1op. · · f,,1 · Th~ ""'.n». of.Jiexe~utlofl .. :s.~all. be re~urned to the · ·. No: 14-15, · Sene~ of 201 y)..<..._.•_. · ?~~ . : ,:.-"\'. I,;~ Comm1~s1~n:;~~ ~.ft>or ·Arbiter 1mr:n~d1at_ely after the . : . \:./ =.·!.'i «'!>;. 1 ·.,,-::~:<:-· . .full SciJ!sragt1on'l'l'.'<1pn?judgment award:· In <;:ase of Where to J:'ile· · · · '\.. . ··t1,~·. ~. . c-S•·) . · partial ol~:~sfactionof the judgment, the sheriff .. "T:he thfr~. party claim sh~uld· be fi.t~~~iJ~~t~'~ N~'1% enfor~i!'Jg.t~e·writ s~all su?mi.t a report upd<,'lt.ing}he. or LA· w~ere the. e~ee::ut10~ proceedJf1g_ 1s ·Bt}ridmg, r=-..!. \ . . writ. unlE;?ss fully ·satisfi'3d, A copy of the' report sh:all if:. Effect.of Filing_ and Posting of Boni:f-. ·.. -"'~ · .· 'be ..furnished the C_h.ai,rman and the E?<ecl,ltiye·Labor -:. : ·Upon filin·g and·posting of bond,;it shall automatically' .. Arbiter (NLRC RULES, RuleX/,. Sec. 1-5)-.. ;• suspend ttie .. proc~edings' with ..respect to" the. . .. . ,, . .execution'. t>fthi;:i iiroperties sut'>ject :Of the ·third.party :Effect ~f ;5h~nff!~ .. F~j,lurE!· to. Submit. Return an~ claim. Upo_n approval of the bond, the L~bo.r Arbiter ·Report · <·' - . .. . ~ .. ,. , . ·:. . : : . '. · shall issue ·ar o~der releas.ing 'the· 'levied property. or Upon the Sheriff's 'failure to' comply with . .Se.ctio.n 15, ·a:· part :thereo1 -subject of 'thE! ·.·clalm. unless· ·the tie st.,ali bEdiable for the ·tonowing.: . .· prev§Jiling party posts a· counter bond in an ·am9unt 1. Administratlve fine; . · · ·. . . ~, .... ·n·ot les's:thari ttJe value:ofthe.levied·P'.rop_erty (NlRC ·2. Suspen;ionfo~ 1!;;'_day,~ without pay:.or· ,', ·. -RULES, Rule XI, Sec. 14. (c), as ..amended by En. 3: !3~tli (NLRC RY,LES, ~ule xi; Sec.' 15) .. )Bene Re.sol(!tloh No::14~15). . · · ·· .. ,, ·. · . · Effecf · . cif Revers.ill· : . Ouring .Execution
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The .. propriety of .the· third party. claim· shall-- be . In case 6f tQtal or,pa,rfial reversal 0f judgment by the resoived wlthfn· 1.0 working·day~ from ~ubmission. of· . . ·Co!,Jrt of Aj:,peal.s, the execution proce·edings.shallbe the. claim for 'resofutkm'. Tlte' decision of the Labor . · susper:ided. 'irjsofar as ttie rever.sal is concerned: . Arbiter is··not appealable but may be elevated to. tl")e . notwithstanding th~ pend ency... of ~-. motion for . Commissio'n via a v~-rified ·petition under Rule XII. '· reconsideration on such'judgment {NL.RC RULES, . .Pen.ding ,resoluti.on ther'!30f, exe~uti'oa shc:l'li proceed · ·. -~u/e XI; Sec.. 17). . :-against alJ ..other prope~es ·not. subject of the third · · party_ claim· (NL:.RC RUL'E=.S, Rule XI, -Sec: 14 '(di, as
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2019 $AN'.BEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPE~TIO~S·
I
229
ANO R.EMED.IES.
JURISDICTION:
· SAN CJ~DA-IAWC£NTRALIZED _OAROPERATIONS -·MEM_.QllYAID-2019
Note: If the CA de~isiori is reversed by the. SC, exec1,1tiqh proceeding$ . shall commence upon. presentation of certified true copy of the decision and_ · entry of judgment (NLRC RULES, Rule'XI,Sec. 17). 'Restitution ., · If th~- executed judgment ts totally. or · partially reversed or annulled by tlie CA. or SC- witli . finality and 'r.estitution is so· ordered, the Labor Arbiter' shall', on motion, _iss1,1e such order ·of restiMion ··of-the exect(ted-.awarci,, except_ reinstatement' wages paid ·. pending appeal (NLRC RUL_ES,-Ru/e.XI; ;$ec. '18).· .
Grounds The petition may be entertained only if there is no· appeal or any other plain, speedy and adequate remedy in the ordinarycourse of law, and based on· the followlnq.qrounds: (FAfQ~) . . 1, If a party by fraud, accident; mistake or · excusable negligence has been prevented from taking an appeal;. · . 2. If there is prime! facie- 'evidence of Abuse of discretion 'on the part of.the Labor Arbiter.': · :3. If the orderor resolution will cause Injustice if not · rectified: .
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-.4. · · 'ii made . purely
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on .Questiqns law; or . : . Examination _of Losing Party .When·.Judgment 5: .. lf;,eriou~J;rrors in':the'findings of facts areraised Unsatis.f-~d · · . " . , . . . ·~ · whi_c:;_h, if not corrected; -would cause. grave .or When nnsatisfled in Whole .oriri part, the pr¢vailing .. irreparable damage or injury' to the petitioner . · · · party, at any time after such return is ii;ade, shall.be. (N.LRCRULES,Rule XII; Sec. 2, ·as amended.by entitled to an order ..frorn the Labor Arbiter wh'o .. 'El? BeneResolutionNo, 05-14~ Series.0(2014). rendered the· said ju_d_gment;·riaqu.irir;ig. s~ch -'?si~~',...=·-~ . · . · · -, · · . . .. . . . ·; ·· party to appear and be examined concem11}9J:l1~.(f'.i~r 1r. -v ·. 1(.ffi:~~!ld Where to File · . property-and Incomebefore such Labob.C..'roite~ata J jl{)~(§il'~.3). . .. . ·· . sec. 19). . ·,,,it. / _ ~ A \ '>·i'. ;;.;\ . . · . .. ·. Ii , ·. / Requisites,of \t'i¢-f~1ljon: (OD~-M~V-A) ·• Enforcement of Attenda11c"'e;;ana Co. cfuct-o ul:-r'-1-.-7'ccop,p-s31iied':l'iy..,,a.,clear Qriginal or certifie.d'true ,_Exam_ination . . : • t·H ~--, ifl._ .. : ',~~ j-'· urnshe\-forc ~ .. ~6¢i. etmimber;1fpny; ... - · · ' .. a!;: '.in_ other .ca~~s in ·_accordanc°\_witl'lR~, IX~ , . . , .... · ~~-. tes'-!~~_ma_te,i;jalQate showing -t\melin,ess , .. . . . . '- ,.. , _.;:~ .. SrJEr:.'1'.ir£ o the1S"etit,on_:,1' Exa~i_i;i~tions-~hair o?~ Pf undµly· p~~-~':·g,~b~\.-!~J !I • '. -J!}:-t!fe f~J-W offa ~emorandum which shall sta!e · pro.ceedmgs may be :adJourne~ .fro~tim~t,,-{joo'E!}~·-.,,,?t~E\_~9-J,nj~fs . reh~d upon, the ;argumenVs m . until t~e same pre_ c_omp),e_teg. · · U/ · · ·i\. JJ· · h.\'.SUJJP?B:~nere~f~md the; reliefs pr_ayed for; , , · . ·· , , , · .. · ,....._. · · 1V''l.!5:i,...-~~·feg,bly~ntt!:)n or..pnnted·copies; . · . · . .. All ex?minations and an.swers· before tt\e .!-a6o"~~~e.rified -by- the petitioner. him_sel:f/!lerself in .. ·,A.rbiter m.ust be ur:it1~roath, and.'when a corporation · .accordan~e witf:l.$_ection 4,·Rule 7. of.the R.ules. or .otber juridiqa1· entity answers/it must be.on lh!'! . qf.C.ou·rt. ~s ·amended; and - · .. , ..: ·· .. · qath of a.n auth_orized:p~rson·oragfjnt tt)_ereof (NL,R9 · 7. ,l~-ccon:ipp_ni~d.by: (NSP) · · . R-~LE$_,;.Rule_XI,.Sec.-'ZO). · · ·a. · Gertifica'te of Non~~orurri st:iopping_; ·. _ · · · ·· · '· b. Proofof§e.rvic~upon.the 9therpar!y/parties E>CTRAORD!NARY REMEl;>IE$: and the Labor·Arb1ter .Who:issµed the,order '(. : or r-esdlLJtion being assaile:d or :questiorie'd;. . ,. verJtie~Petition . .. . ._- and . '. · ,--_ _ ... _·. ·.:.: .. ·. . .A pany aggrieved by any order qr resolutiorf 9f the · c. ·. Proof of fayment 'of the required. fees· · -L~bor Arbiter: inclL.iding."a writ-.of execution-and those (NLRCJ~Ul:.~S,Rule.XII.-.Sec. 4)'.· · issued during exeeution pr9ceedingi may- file· · v:erifie·d .petition to ~nnul o"r _modify .. suth order· or ·. Eff~ct"of:Filirjg.ofPetition .· . . .. re~olution. The' pelitio11 may be accompahied by an· · 1. The proqeedings before Ihe ·Lal;>o'rAr!)iter.itian. . 'contin~e.unless restrained .. · . . . : · application f9r ·the: issuance of. a temporary . . . restr:aining.. .o'rder a_nd/or v.:rit : of . preliminary or _2. In -case of executiori',.·'the· proceedin·gs in ·acco.rdancewith' Rule XI of these Rules shall not · · permanent injunction to enjoin the Labor .Arbiter', or . any person acting. under his/her authority, to de~ist be suspended,bJ.jt no i:no.nefconected,.or credit . ' fr<;>rn. ,enforcing _said res9.lution · or order (NJ.RC garnished ·.may· ·be . released . or persbn·c:11 · . RULES, .Rule XII; Se9: 1). properties levied upon be sold by publ"ic. auc.tion
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230· I 2019 SAN BEDA LA.W CE~TRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS
fURlSDIC.TION .AN_D.REMEDIES. .
. •SAN BWA LA.I'/ CENTRALIZEDBAR OPERATION~- M~ORY AID 2019
. v,:ithin 15. calendar days from the tiling of the Answer to the Petltlo.n . petition .. · · . . Within 1 O calendar days from. the receipt . of the If no temporary restraining .orcer or writ of· petition, . private respondent should file his/her prellminary injunction is· issued-within the _said 'answertheretn stating.the grour1d/s why1he petition period, the money collected, of credit gaJ1ll.shed 'sh9uid be denied. Fa"il_yre on the part of the. private shall be- released and/or the properties levied . respondent, to file - his/her answer within the s.aid upon sold by 'public auction and.the proceeds "of period may be construed as a waiver to file the same the sale applied, to satlsfythe judgment. (NLR · -i· . A"b't r I er. (NLRC RULES , R f!...fJ: . f->!>e.§,-r-,, r.,:i :...~-~.:.;,J.l~.,lt'~ • .;:;~ .. · ... ·
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. . ·. . .. '',.. ' ??1\ · · Rr~· · r~~-: Boti!J?ilf:'.'.';:. ':.:.?' · .. . _. · -rfote:.lt'1~ ~1e_duty ofth~ ~~~~e;~~b'lj\?entff !tJ. The·c~o.mmis~ion shall _requir~ the po~ti.ng of. _cash app<:iar and~defend, · poth _ht!:!l.hr,~-b~}i,~lf and· . f~~9i,;\d the _an;iount. of or. s.uch· h_1g~er. Cash
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t' · Se"r.v.ice ~nd Fili~g :of Pleadings
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· · · : ·· . . ·. The _party fllirig the pleliidinijs -shall s!;!i:ve t~e :other parfywith copies: tt,ereof irta_ccord_an(?e.iNitfffZule ·1 ~ ofthe-~ul~&.of Court''fumishing 'the Labor__-Arbiter w_it~ .a' copy (NLRC RULES." R(Jle Sec,. 6). . .
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Not~: it. last a~y to serve ~nd file ·a plep~i~~ f;lls ~ .. : .. on .a Saturday, Sunday .or holiday, the ·pleading l?hall . . be. skrved' arid filed 01'1 the 1s1 working <;lay f.:- immediately'"tallowing 'Suet,. Saturday;_: S4nday or· t l:ioll~ay"(NL.RC: RUL:~$. 'i~t.ile XI,; Sec. 6), ·.. . , . ·: . l "'..· .. ~·:
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_Jt~";:-•1/moy,r.i~ as may be determine_d-·by the Commission, · - · ·. · ·. · . . . · · ~-;( .. 6:;1;r~t.!!....=-t0:rr'Efi;:0~se those enjoin~d fo~ any loss, expense· The cost aw.(lrded in.such proc'eea'ti;i~~ if1·1f"@VOr or darnc:i1;ie caused by the improvident.or erroneous' of the, petition~r shalt. be. against~!gJivate'· - · issuah.ce ·of. such 9rder or i~Junction, i11c:1u.pfng all . responclent only. . · ··· · · · reasona.ble costs. : · .th~t o.fthe public respond~nt.
The ii"l!bHc.~El!>;ci_ndentsh~il· nci~appe~; ~r file ~n . ftff' . . . ·. .·pleac;ling-1herein.' ar'!swer . or ':comment to. the·· petiti6.h .·· or 'any Sec. r~- · · . 5)." , · ·_·: :·: :· ·· (NLRC'RIJLES~ · ·. . .-. . '. . . . . ·.. - .. . .
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The t~mporary re~trairiihg ol"d·e~ ~r of preli~inary . -injunction Shall become effectivf:only·upon ~sting bf the :required .cash bo.nd (NLRC RULES, Rule XII, sec.· 1.1;. .
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Effect of lnjuri'~tion
. . . Unle~ otherwise ·de.clared by_ ttie -Commiss_icin, shall .. . . not -sus'pei:ld. th"e.. pr6ceed!ngs .. bef9re the °Labor · Arbiter pr . stay the· implementation of the writ of . execu"tion but ·shall. only ·restrain -or enjoin :such ."particular acUs as therein. <;lecreed·'tci be restrained or enjo.ined '(Ni..RO RULES;· Ru/~- XII, Se,p. 12). ·. · .
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Resolution of the Petition . · .. If the Commission finds "that. th~ allegations. of the~ pe_tition are tru~, 'it:shall: (RGP)· · · · ; 1 .. BeAder jydgmentfor th_e relief praye9·for or to . which.th~ pe.titi?ner is enti~led:. and/or · .
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2019 SAN'BEDA LAW.CENTRAL.JZEDBAR OPERATIONS. j 231.
JUR.IS·DICT·ION. AND· RE~1'EDIES. .
..~ UM CM iAAlb
SAN BEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR "OPERATIONS.~·M.EMORYAID 20J9
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Grant a.final injunction perpetually enjoining fhe ·. Labor Arbiter or any person acting under his/ ne.r authorlty from the commission ot. the acUs or" confirming the· preliminary injunction 3. .Disrniss the petition .if it finds the same to. be: .(MDQA) . . · ·. . , a. Patently without Merit, . . b. Prosecuted mariifestly for .Q!3lay, · . · c. That the' Questions raised therein are too .unsubstantia] to.require consideration, qr d .. ·when an .8i>peal -or' any other ptain, speedy ·_. and adequate remedy in the qrd_iria!Y.~ourse of-law i.s available {NLRC RUl,..E$, Rule XII, · Sec:·13). · · 2.
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cases that fall withih the BLR's J_urisdictlon, -: The following cases. are within the 0riginal and exclusive authority of the ·.BLR: (110) · r, Intra-union conflicts; · 2. intersunio.n confflcts; arid ,. · · 3. - Other related. · labor disputes,"· grievances or problem's arising . from . or. affecting labor. management relatlons (LABOR CODE,- Ari. 232)..
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N6te:. Disputes 6~ grievances arising .from·· the . implementation· or interpretation of CBAis not.witbin the :authority of 'the. BLR;. it· s.liaU be the .subject of · grievance. procedure, and/or voluntary arbitration (LABOR
coos. .Att. -232). '. · . .
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The.~~ount of damages·that may be. recovered by tne private respondent from.the injunction bond.shall _BlR's functions mustbe delineat~d as against the be ascertained and awarded in.the decision/ order/ fu.nctio11s of.the following~DOLE Offlcers:' . resolutlon .finally,_dispo~ing· of the_ issu_e on ~he'="~,~·-Medi~tor-Arbiter;_ · . application for injunction (NLRC RULf=S, '}J!Jf>ffeXfJ,1f ..., ?.- "'~k-~,f}ir~ct?r;and_ . · .. __ . · Sec. 14). · · ·. · . · _ .. f?,_:~ ~ .})\)D_'fLf%.'~~1onarDm:ctor. . , is N_o. Appe~-1 from the qrd~r- ~r R~s<£i~;j~q!,;the:ae:c--"'==~-ii1iti:il~i?Jl~o~ Med-Ar'biter an ~fficer in the_ LA arising from· the. Execµtioif"Rr{cJ;;J''ff"g~""g_!i=~"""""''"re!!JiQJJal~~~ff{ce qr,,,.bureau authorized to hear,· other Incident~· . . . . · / f''"'"' '~,r/ Jc, .~.9ncilia'fr, ati&9~1d\.represeritationcases, intra or Except by way of a petition ,t1l,:tt111¥~f;ord~r,ce "".iW)_ . .ih'ter-uni~n . Cii_siputes~\ and. other ~elated la?Or t.his Rule, no appeal fro~ tJj~ pr JsoJ.u_t!on . .. .. rel<Jti¢>nsp, disp~_tijs,f~x)?ept~ncell_at1on of .union issued by the. Labor Arb1te,u :dlicp~ the ~eGiolt1.0~r"-reglslratfcin cas~s'(IW,1ftt'Labor Code, Dook \I, Rule proc~edings <:>r in :~E::lation tiff ~:!Q,~p!s oth1r th~an_~,~~! t::'1~{$J§c. 11£!.s amf&ed)., ~ . .: decision or d1spos1.~1on of -t~e Caffr on th,,.~e_r!i~LJlEit.:::~~J ··M ~~ stia'JI be allowed. or acted u~oa~y-~h~.p0l{1t_n1ss19.fl~~his pr/;fefjff ~ed4~r~iter-s can be implied from · (NLRC RULES! f:ulo.XII. Se(?, 1 thfti.i3~;efr,4Code which- prm/ide~ t~r; the . · , · \.;, (JI) ~it~-@):1G.tio~S>6ftije· Bt,/}' and thE: Lab?r Relations · -· . . . ~. \ . "' ...· "· -:~ "\\'tJJ~$,~m'$"in Reg_i9f1al ?ffices of ~~IC~ the Med- . · · · F ~·,BO~ · '-,,/~,, -~7A ·1 Vis·-~t! offic~f, (MY. San 81scwts Inc. v. B URE~U .0 -J.N(: ~ '(.Si ... '!£·-,. - 'fi_'g,ur;1.sl1Jfi{G.R. N,<X 95011, April 22, 19fJ1). •
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r t1.etet~lP:~Jl9fl'"o9the existence_ of Er-E;erel,at1onsh1p lVlta~d>:_~er'issues.· He is als~ ~n:,p.owe~ed, to "decide. · . . · . . ·, ; · . ·. · ~~-a--.~~tlferissue~ related to the ehg1b1hty of employees to ARTICLE.2_32: BU"RE~l,.IOF LABOi:t .~-=1,-f':!IONS, --v.o_te.. Howev~r•. the .M~d;Arbit!3r cannot_proer. ;he re~ Exect,itive:O(der NQ. 292,:9r tfle A..dm1rn.stra~1.vE::Code __ . . negotiation of a ·CBA; t)is .authority.being ·confined to of tne(Philippines; Title Vll, Chapter IV, Secho~ 16 . the determination of.the exclus.ive bargajning·agent proyic,les for _ttte f1,1hctio~s. of th_e ~LR.· . · ih th.e bargaining uriit (H90."F~es6ur~esCorporat(ori v. · ·. ·. 1 ons '· ·.an d. A_..l!thon·.t yo··f. t"h e -8·LR. . · Mei' ares, G.R. No. 208986,· January 13,201"6), . ·. F.·I.met · · . · .. . . .. . .. , . The BLR shall: .. .. . . . . Powers of th~· IVled-Ai:,biter .· . . . ·.. .· . f. Set policies, standards, ano-.wocecJures on th~ . . .. 1.' · ln)uncti-ye_·. Power . _, _The · Med~Arbiter is retjistration. ahd" supervision of legitima_t_e· 1a~m' . . . poss"esse<;!· t!,e. power fo iSSt,Je tempofary union· activities includir:ig denial, canc~llation, re$training'.· order and the: writ ,of injuiictlon ir:i and revocation of labor union ·permits; . . · ·: . approp"r.iatecase's (Dinio v.. L,ag_uesma, G.R: No. 2 .. Set policies·, stahdar-d_s, and°'procedur'e~ relating 1084.75,'June 9,:1997); · . to collectlve· bargaining agreements. and:,the 2. · -Contempt Power -. The · Med~Arbiter has examination of financ!a! rec9rds accou~ts of contempfpo-.yer (!RR of LABOR CODE, ~ooky, lapor ·organizations to-"determinE:J compliance , RuleXXJll,Sec.. 1;as.a.m_ended). .-. with relevant laws; and . ·, · ·· · ·.. , ~.- PrOvide proper Odei:1~.ation-t9 . Workers on t.fleir.. "· Note:· Factual findings of Med~Arbfters~re "accorded . schemes arid. projects. for improvement-of the .great respect. They are binding. if{h_ey are suppo_rted standards of living of-workers arid .their families . ·.by · Sl,lbstan~ial evidence and there e~ists- . no (£;.O. ~92, Title VII, Chapt~r'IV, Sec. 16). 9apricious exercise.of· judgme_nt warra,:iting reversal TITLE TH'REE: ~UREA!.J·OF LABOR
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232' I · 2019 SAN SEDA LAW C.El:-JTRAUZ~D.BAR OPE~TiONS
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JURIS.DICTION AND. REM.EDI-ES ~N.::.~ALAW CEN;:;:!..~ ..
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::~?qiliPl'l'E"ATIY{7;.
OPERA=- MEM(?RY ~ro 2
·{;.~by certiorari (A.O .. Gothong "Manufacturing Corp._._ · if,-£mployees Union-.4.lU . v. Contesor, G.R. No. i(:113638, November 16, 1999). · · . ~ ·. .. . ,ff 1ss.Liance of Subpoanas. L1tie BLR shall have the power to require. the :;,f·appeara·nc~of any person orthe production of,any .:;,(paper, docun:i_en!;. or . m_atter ·:relevant· to a, _ labor ~t·dispute under its jurtsdlctlon, either at therequest of ,. ar:'Y mterested.party pr at its own ·initia_t!ve (/.,ABO/::
...their local chapters. affiliates and member organizations (!RR of LABQR' tobE, Book V, Rute'XtV,"Sec. 1, as
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Request for examination of book·s of accounts of said labor organizations (LABOR c·ooE, .Att. ·289);
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"Execution of decls loris', crders,' or awards. of ... .J··Med-Arbiters -; . ,. ,f ·. The Med-Arbiter may, upon .his.own lnltlatlveor on · "tf motion .of any. -interested .. party, jssue a.. writ of execution OFI ajudgrne.ntwifhin 5 years from the date ·\': ..it becomes final and executory, requiring the Sheriff ':.. or a duly deputized officer to execute or enforce the . ;·. same (IRR_.of LABO~ CODE,:Book V, Rule XXIV;_;,,:,;;)-
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Sec. 1,as emended}.
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P1;1r~t1~n~ ~o _E_.O: !':Jo~ 1~6. the NC~B has ab~o~'9~~,'1',;:'";:_,;, the concillation, mediation, arid voluntary arb1tr.a!1oh_J·'(li~ ·, - functions·of the BLR (E.O. No. 126, Sec. 22). /57 '.f'
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E:O. No: 251 removed from \he, juri~:{fj.ci{fon of thp),~~~
[Z BLR all.labor-manaqernent disputes. /~Jf · f~ · · · · .· .· · . . · .. # [,l!-~
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lotra~Ul"JIOn diSp\Jtes involving said · labor orgar:iizations ·. (LABOR ·.CODE, A(f.. 232);
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a,jiended); .. . . . . 2 .. Registration of CBAs or re- . .• . h~g9tiated CBAs (!RR- of LABOR CODE, Boqk V, _Rule_ XVIII, .Sec. aend .Sec. : . B;·qS amended); a~d.: ... ·.
Not~:· The parties may, by. agr.~enf,'~ettlt:P-theLc..... (;-~ . ~ · differences by subr.nittirJg. the,r(.'.c~setluntary;'< i .~ · 3', Request for examination o.f arbitrator rather than taking G!1Jr casefj'D}fie 'BJ::R ;: ~' . :.}~ooks of accounts of §aiC, (LABOR 90DE;-Art. 215). -~ ~..:. -~·"'--?_.·...$:. labor·organii:atjons (LABOR f ·· ' · . · ··. ~,;:.~.,:;;"--....,, ;,· It. (_:;ODE, Art, 289). . ~'":'.· . . .. .' r" ).J,: . . :r_ !ii .Bqt v .. DOLE . · _ · : . . . "-.:~ ~ ·' ·ii,·l . t :;--,-:,rrr. . . . ·. • · · . · Art. 232 · cif th~ Lal?~( Code _cle~rly proti~e--=&Jth~t l~-.~.,>:',:-~:>.i~~n~!~,-Jurisdict)on of, thEr.BLR Director . . . · ·· BLR :a_nd t~e. R~g~on_al D1re_ctors o~i,,ROL~,~~1;1~,_,/.~~-atR~irector .·exerc1_ses excli.Js(VEl' appellate f co~curr~~t 1unsi;l1ction ov~r inter-urnq1.'~ri~111,tra-. ,-. jurisdictiorryyefthe_follow.i_ng ca~e~;. &' union disputes _(Montano v.. Vercetes!,t.$-~ t All de"Cis1o_nsof t~e Med-Arbiter 1n: i::. 1'98583, July 26, 2010). · - . · .· ,a: · lntra:unlon.d1sputes: and . · . . ;;. . · ·. ·· b. · · Other· related labor ·relations disputes; and . ~ ., . JliRISDic,:·10N:. 2., All . .d_1;i.cisions· ori~iriating .. .frorrr the ·DOLE. ~ - ··· Regional Director in the cases falling,uhder their " 6-ri_g,nal juri,sdicJion ·~s:· enumerated· previci~sly f 'lnter-uniQ~ .. cq:nfl/cts··. (a_l~o ·.·(fRR of LABOR CODE, Book V, Rule-XI, Sec.. ·.l<nown 'as. repte$e(Jtatiqnl · 15~.at?·amehded) .. ·· ·
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·. Note: . Decisic;ihs in lnter-~ni6n. disputes_:" ;re not - appealable .to the. SLR Director .but dir.ectly to the -DOLE Secretary (LABOR.c'ODE, Arl. 272). . .
2. ·Intra-union conflicts; and
· 3. · Gther ·related labor re.la.lions . · .disputes; · ,(!RR- of. LABOR .. COPE, Book V, Rufe .t.".Sec. .. 1 (ii)).... · Complaints. ·and pethio.ns ·. involving. the registration J>r ' c~ncellatior.i of reg_istratlori .. ! . of-.: fe.derations, . national unions, · Industry. -unions, trade. URIOn centers .and· '
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Inter: ~Union Dlsp·uies . . . An Inter-union dispu(e ·or rep/esentation. dispute is ·on~ :ciccqrring. or ~arned on. between or among· unions. It ·refers, to any conflict hetween and among union members,. in~luding grievances. arising frqm any_ v.iolation·' ·-of th~ right~. ·and conditions of . memb~"rsllip; violatiori" of or disagreement over any· provision of t)le union's con·stifution and by-laws, or di~l?utes arislng·from· dliartering qr affiliatl~n oh1hion
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2019 SAN SEDA
LAW CENTRALIZED.BAR .OPERATIONS .I 233
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REME·DI.ES---
JURIS.D·ICTION.AND .I
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, SAN ~EOA·LAw_cnmtA.LJZE.DBAR OPERATIONS- Mf;MORYA)D_2019
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({RR of LAEJOR COD(f, Book V, Rufe {, Sec. 1 (bb),
Examples ofIntra-Unlon Disputes: .. . 1. Conduct or nulllficatlon "Of election-of officers of · unions and worker's. asscclation; . Broadly;:lt refers to any confllct between 'and among 2. :Audit or accounts· examination of union or legil_imate . labor ur:ii_qns . · i~volv!ng. :.repre.s.entation worker's association funds; . questions· for purp9se~ of collective bargalnmi;1or to 3. Dereqistration of CBA; any other conflict or dlspute t?elween.legitirtla~e labor 4.. Validity/invalidity of union. affiliation or , unions (/RR of LABO~ CODE, Book V,-~ule I, Sec. disaffiliation;· 1 (x), ~s emended}, ," · 5. Validity/iriv~lidity · of acceptance/ non. a_c .. ceptance tor union mernbershlp: Intra-Unton Di_spute~! . · .. 6-. 'Opposition to application for union or CBA An intre-umon dispu/,e or intern.a{ union: dispute reqistration; · · -refers to· a conflict wit~in and inside 'a labor union. It 7-. · Violations of· or, disagreements·· over . .any is any conflict Qetweeljl and among unioh. members, . .. provision of the constitution arid .by-laws of a in,cludir.ig grievances al-lsing from ah_y°violatron_of the union_ or worker's assoclatton; . ~igh.!~ and conditions ~f membership_. _violatio.n .~f ~r 8. Disagreements over char.tering or registration of .: disag:ee_m~ot. over. pr;ov_i~i9n· 9f tqe_ -~n.ion s. . labor organizations-or the· registration of CBA; · co~st,t~t,o~ ~.nq ~y-~~ ::\ or .~1spl!(tes ans mg from 9. Violations of 'the rig!)ts · .end' -conditlons of_· charter-mg or. affjhatior1 o .union ·__IR_R _of LA_B~~•=- membership in a union or worker's association:'.. C(?DE,_ Bookv, Rufe 11 sec: 1 {bb), as am~n_."gjlfi}:;-__ -<1~ielations of the r1ghts of:.the legitimate tabor as emended}. · .
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· Nrite': .Arif ~~~plai_ntJ:ir. petition witt,i)ffeg~ti~~of · .\ I ,vorpa1i.z-a:tt_?n~ •. ~xce~t int?.rp_retaji~n of CB.A:s; mish_an_dlirig., misapprqr,irj~tion:or: l'.lJ}A-aa~oq;;t1ng,,Qf":"=-..~~\,{~h~~Yf,.,._m~~I ia1ty O! the 'fl!iJhls <:>f 1!11 reachm~nt/ !un~s in_ viola.ti. ., l;J.@(!)K"V: jk ~·~~~yiam~\\a~~ officer ._and ~e~qer, · Rule XIII, Sec, 4, as a/p"anded).'f/...J~ ·· )P> ·w m~l~dmg-!).~~ \~nsin~ from non-compliance . . . . .-_ . ·. . · · . · 1 _, , . . 'V f - _ _. . . . Ji'~ ,£0\ with \the r~r9ain_ing.betwe~.n and a~~flg: ·.. relationship is: ... ! . : ... ~7Wb)_rrie~ters oflli=FtJ.~l~n. or.~~rkers .. assoc1abon:. a. .B.et~e.e~ . the -1· co'.ptrati~l'l, pa~~~sqj,p...;...'(}j,~ffef}i£"9ABf?~ COrE, Boek-V, Ru~e XI, Sec. 1,_ _ .a.ssoc,ation an,d.tlie-Q'{b~~\ : . ,i' ·7.11;:,~J1de1;_~ JJ , .,_. - . . · . 5.. ·Between the! ~orpol)ptibn'; ~art ~~~f}l~~-c;i~~&,{fer 1f .. '1JI . .' . · · · '
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: c. Betwee_n·. the_.j corpq.ra~&'!, .. P~_'.;t~h1~lEN11-1~o~JJ.1et a·,labor _orga~1zation an~ the .. association ~11-d the · -~ta't\ ins<;1~-a~~~!9-y~r01;s1w~d1v~~ua,1, e!"'ti~. or gr~up t~at 1i, n?t .. _"frar.i_ct,"_is~; perp:iit -or.·Hcen~~~;"Qtl.ft}ate:is=......u,<~.,..l.ab.pr~~Jl)JZat1on or '!"Orker_s _assoc!~t,on.•_Thrs . _con~erned; an~ . .- ... · : - , I{ 1(A"2fpd...es:'/.. . . . . .. · . . ... ·.... _ d. . An:i'?ng ·t.he I stockholders.·,:- p~iinei's~...QJ: ..,.;;_.~~g_ar-feellat101'1 ~f. . reg1strat1on of ~rn1:ms and . . · associates,-themselves (G11/fo· v. · '.Ancheta, · worker's.ass9c;1at1ons; ~nd·- · .. · . GR:·_N,o._·:115?.'pi,' August 15,··2012) ... ·. · 2. A peti_tion; .for. inte~fe,ad~r· .(/RR .. ·of· L.:ABO_R.: 2: ; Controversy Test appli~s wtier'i the. dispute is · _CODE, R'!le XI! Sec... ! (B);·~~ am~ndl')d),. . · . ... 'i-oo•ted ln> tll!:} .exi~ten.ce of.··an intra-corporate . . . . '' . . ' rela'tionsl)ip, and refer.sto·the enforcernenfofthe Case;; Where the BLR h~;-_No J'or.lsdlctio'n.... : -~ . ·p~rties' correlative}l'ights rami obiig.at-lpns· under · · . Th'ose~.. arising from .the . · lmpleni~ntatiori or .. the Corporation CqJe, aswell as t!Je lnte~nal and -!nferpretation ofCl;iAs which.shall .be ·the_ subje_9t·d · intr_c1·corporat~ ·r1~QU!atory_, rules ·.·of·. the ·gfievance procedure. and/ Oi'°"VOIU°ntary:qrbitra\ion ' . . . corporatipn · (C_acho_·. v. : Bafaf}tas, $.R. . ~o .. · · (/RR 9f _lABQR C<;)DE, Rulti :x6( Sec. 4,: a~·.. .. 2029,74,:F~bruary r,.-?_018).. , ·: ·. . , _-. .. · an:if!ndei:J.).. . -'.· · . . . .
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· .Example.s of Inter-Union ·oispt,1tes: . ·· · ·· 1 .. ·. Validity{ . in~aJioitY] of. v9luntary recognition, . certification electiqn·, consent election; run-off · eiectiOI'} Or.° re-run ejeqtion·; ·. . . ·; , · .. 4 .. -suc_h: _other .dispute~. or. ·co11flicts ·involving -the · rig_hts to self-org_~hization, u_nion fl1embership and collective bargaining between and .among · l_egitir:nate -·labor org~niz:ations (/RR ,of LABOR CODE, Book_'V, Rule XI, Sec. ·3,'• amended). I •, . •!
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234 I -~019 SAN BEDA~W CE;NTRALIZE.DBAR OJ?ERATIONS
· · 1abor organi2af)on · (LLO) or. ·niemberh;° the(i;of specially_ concerned . . · . : . : .- , , 2; _. .For· other related labor relations· disputes: .. a·ny:party~in-interesl (/RR of ) ..,fi.B,Of{.:coiJE, ·. f!Jook v, Rule XI, Se~·- ·.3, ·as amende_d).
JURISDICTION .AN.D REM.EDI.ES SAN Bf.OA LAW CEN"T'RALIZEDBAR OPERAT/ONS - MEMORYAID :i.019
Xwh~re t~ File The Regional Office that issued its certificate of .registration· or certitlcateot creation.of chartered local if it· involves labor unions ·. with mdependerit registration, · chartered locals, worker's association: its officers. o~ members. ·,r ~2. · Directly with the BLR- if it involves a Federation/ •.;f'·. · National Unions/ Industry Unions, its officers,.ot member organizations (/RR ofLA{30R CODE,
b. · Article 250 .~.lso ·expressly declares that the report may be made, alternatively, by "any member or members specially concerned"; and .. . . ·. · ·c.· lntra~uoi~n conflicts_ are n:ow un~er the -exclu.sive jurisdiction of the BLR (Verceles, v .. BLR, G.R .. 'No, 152322, February. 15,
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V, Rule XI, Sec. 4, as amended).
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Involvinq amember only, .. In such case; only the .affected member may file i=9rmal:' Requirements of ¢omplaints/ Petitions . the complaint- Redress. must 'f!rst be 'sought {)lot,lnter-/ lntra-Unlon _Disputes: (WOA) . Within the union itself in accordance. wlth its· ·1-. - ,n Wryting; :. . . constitution and by-laws ex~epf under any·qf the \. 2·. Verified under Qath · . :""following circumstances: (FED2JA3P) .·.. , . 3. 'Contalns the, following averrnents; "(PRN-'FCR·- a .• futility of intra-union.remedies; '" RC) · · · · b. .lrnproper Exj:i"ulsiofl procedure: 'a, · Name, address and other ·. personal c. Undue .Qelay · in appeal · as .to constitute cir'ct:mistanbes of the complainanus) qr substantialinjustice: .· . ".!~etitiorier(s); · /'"'i d. The actlon.is for Qamages; · b. , Name,·. address · · arid ot~er . persof!~(~)( e. Lack··of Jurisdiction of ·the in"'.estigating . circumstances· .the· Respondent(s}'.>eri/ .\ · ·· bc:,dy;._ ..., . 'persorus) charqed; (~~,~: f .. Action. of- the ·administrative agency is c. . Nature of the complaint or petition; . ~ ;..."J'._ · · · pa~tly illegal. arbitrary, and oppressive; · .d. Facts and circumstances surroundinj.'t~:" ..'1{.';;.z:.._-,.gr,.-ls~i:,~lis Purely a' question of law; 1'.J ·complaint-or petition; ,,,_ _.,.,-r:5~ ii . th.e .Administrative agency had · -. e. .. ~aus~s of action or SP!39i_f~~~olationil_7-11 alr7 prejud9ed !h_e ca~"'; and _, .· co111m1tted; , . . .. · . 1';.;,/\_ ,, _.J!~~\ i.. lfl)Je~e'Mhe 8dmrmstrat,ye ~gency was ·· J. · A statement· that _th~.·.:-_:i;lclrt;i!rJl?-tt-at,.v~. !d. . p,r;act~cai~ygiven th~_opportunity.to act on tt)e-. Remedies provided {?J:ffi1.the c&iistitutiop. . . %asei1 buf{~t did not . · . . . , ·· . an9 by-laws haye be,en;1rp;chau~.t!,"l~; or !tJcli~ f;.,;j' . . . · 1,'f . . :· ~ . '\ . . • '. · : ·. I . . remedi7s are·. not . ~a~il~b;l!; t~~~ hi Eff?~l~T'~"!;'f.t~~r9t9'P Pend ency. gf Inter~/ ·~tra~ . complainants or·pet1t1oli_E;.[S tl}r:01'.lg,h}'lo tat,ill : Umqn «OJ~Q.Y.lj?~nd Other Labor: Relatmns · of h1s/their own; or com~i~!_'l®-1:--.,Yl\h suq'.11 ·. Disputes . · . . . . - . . . <:1dmin_i~tra_tive_ rem~~ies do.esr/i~t ~apply :to, ,....J.i<-Jhe:ri~pts, relatio~ships ar:id_ obllgations -of th_e ·.complamanls or.petitioners: ''<°'pl~ · /.1. ,,.1~;.,·:.~J?JIJ;iy,:hf1gants· agatns! each qth.er ··.and ott)et. g,····ReHef!_?. prayed for; and · ~,;:....,..,·A..!1.!L~c....;pa1iiei4n4nteresf·pri61':to .t~e·i'!1Stitµti6n. of tl}e h'.. • Qertificate of non-forum ·shopdir~~nf:!i0ther~ · . : · p~tition . shall cqntlnue "to, remain . tjurif'.l!l · the relevant matters (/RR of LABQ_~'.JQODE, peridency:. of the· petition an.d until- the .date of Book V, Rule.XI; Sec.6, as ar:nende'cif ·· ·. f)riali.ty;. ·c;f· ···the : dec;ision rendered therein._ . . . · .· .. . . Therea~er, · · . the .. · rjghts, 'reli;iiionships :and· Special Requiremen"ts as· the Filing of Cas·es . o_bligations the party-litigants ·a·gains_t each .. 1. Involving entire membership .. : · · other ~ftd -oth~r -pa_tties-in-inte~~st ·. shall be a,- ·. Th'e complaint 'must be signed by at least . govenied'by the decision so·oi:dered. ·. ·~Oo/,fof t11~· entire. members_hip. of.the union· 2 .. The filing o'r per\dency ·or any inter/intra-union . (}RR. of LABOR CODE, .Book .V, RulrrXI,. dispute. is not _a prejudicial · question. to · al_'ly . ·.Sec:. ·3, as"ain
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. Ruies o~."Appeal i~ lnter-U_niori ..Disputes ._ 1 .. In an uriorganizeci e,stabiishmerit ·. , . The ord~r granting the· coi1"duct of ;;i certification election in an. unorganized e~tablishment is not subject to appeal.· Any _issue arising . from its Conduct or from its Tf?SUlts.is a proper _Subject Of · a protest Appeal may only be made to the ·
2019 SAN SEDA LAW .CENTRAUZED BAR OPERATIQNS I ?35
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DOL.E Secretary.in case of .denial of-the petition within ·10 .days trqrn receipt of the decision of denial (/RR of LABOR <;ODE, Book V, Rule VIII,
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18).
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jurisdiction .be. elevated to . may be the CA qy a el$vat~d to th'.e petition for a certi9rari- (Rule CA I 'by for· '65) petition (CHAN, ·certiorari (Rule REVIEW~R, .(OHAN,· supra 703) 65).
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be el.evated to the ·CA by a petltion for certiora'ri. (Rule 65) (CHAN,.
·In an organized establishment . REVIEWER, The order ·granting. the conduct of a: certification· supra !3l 70.3) -: election in an .orqanized establishment and the RE:VJEWER, ' decision dismlssinq or d~nying the petition may supra a't 7?3) be· appealed tothe DOLE Secretary within- 10 : .. days from. receipt thereof (IRR LABQR .. · CODE, Book V, Rule VIII, Sec. 18): . . . .. . r · . , . · . · Appeals in Co~tempt Cases · .·. : - · . ·. . ,Forn:ial. Requlsjtes- for Appeal. io· .·lnfr.a-llnfe'r. : T~e person adjudged in dlrect contempt' by the ~LR · Union Disputes: (OMGS). ', .. . . _ _.D1~e.ctor;.niay appeal to the · DO~E: Secret~iry (/RR ot. L ·Under.Qath; ". '. . . · ·. . . LAB/J.R CODE, Boote V, Rule XX/II, .Sec. ·1,. as· · 2. · Conslsts _of a M,embraridtJm.of appeal; . . . amended). ' · · ··· · · · 3. Based. on either of the follow_ing §roul?ds·; ·. . . , . . . . a. Grave-abu.seof discr~.~o.n;.6r . · . .. ---;==::..:...., ~~te:: ~he·-, DO~E !3ecretary, m_ay_.legaJly 'assume b. Grave violation· of the rules· and ·: .;;::;~-- lT. ~ · t-tsd1..c!1on over. an appeal from the decision of the 4. · With ~uppbrting an~ument~· and._evil'.le11"~~\iRR \] ··:' P1Ef!t~1_g~al9irecfor in the event tnat 'the BLR -ot f-ABOR C~DE,_ Book V, Rule/XJ.($~pl5~s---==-=:c.o..;;,.,.~'r...~?Jpr 1gh!tt,~himself from the case (Tne Heritage _ amend~~). · · . · .. ·,,rr~ _ .· Rote1:._~ffiP1a./J,\._NUWHRAIN-HHf:,1SC, ·G_.R. No.' . . ·. · . tf< ·"¥.u'· .. ·..-:~:lll.296J.~~'t-Q<2f)11).. _. .. . . Where 10 File the Appe~_I'. . ffJ::j:,, ...,.? -i:. : ·,;, --:--,"'. ~-'4,,,~\\;,,.. '. ~- -: . · ·. · ". ,T~e appeal shall be filed in_ ti#' re~iJ!f~l-offi~e.or ~ml~l~~~ati~erf?jncJ1ons. of the .BLR and _Labor_ the BLR, where. ~he complamr e;rigin~fed. j1t\tJ:,in24_-. · .R~lationt D1vl~lf1J~t~R~s). · . . . . ... hours from receipt of. the. m~/npl';i;11jc:lumo ··appear. .. '.°"I .. -T.heSl:.R and .tti~ L-f{D1~ the 001..,E Regional Offices the BLR,shall:transrµit- the r~~lfr'[~:.#o the ecr~l~rA~~ ~W~-~_co,r~µrre1\tP-j?'~~ictio'nover t~e ·. following oi Labor or the. !3ureau, as, t~e-2.rsi may·b ,~(JR~.(jj~. lli ·fher;eJ.~ted_j:jgreements;·. ·. · ..: ' -Med-Arbit~rs,.and _DQI,:.~ R~gion.al\Qirect,o~~~. _,,.,.A ·.!;$~~~~~E5f-s~ttl~!fent_·~fl~bor. ~isputes; and- .. ·. · · . · · • -. ,... • -. • • ':>'>.. , ...... ...,. &' · · ·;i;:~Q"6p1er, ?f orde/S . and Eiecis1ons .. of Voluntary : • • · - • . , o , l.E'N"t. i:.- ~!]itfal_Q__rs(lf?BOR. CODE, Art. 237J. · . ·. · 2.
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BLR . Dlr.ector, Bt.R bitector . . . . . (.NC'iV.l'B:) . . . . . except.'dec:is[ons f/RR of LABOR .. ·. . ..: . . .. . .. in . certification 'CODE; Book V· election or. iriter- .Rule XI ··Sec' .. .' The NCj'v'IB· is. a~ 'agency, ·auachea -t~ .tl'.I~. DO~E .. union' disputes 15) ·. : ; . · . . principally ·in charge· of . the . settlem~nt. of labor . . Sec. 1·s) which -. are disputes tt:irough, conciliatloo;' mediation 'and .of ttie · appealab/e ,. to. ·. proRi_otion. of _',:'olun~ary ~pproach.es to _!-aoor"dispute the · · .. DOLEE ·: · prevention . and s~ttlement · · (Ji/Cfvf$ · · 'Manuai. · of -~ecretary. (IRR · .Procedures. . for Conciliation and·: Prev.eritive of . . ·LABOR · Mediauon Cases, Rule Ji/, $ectioil:1 (1{5)). ·.• . . . ,, ~ . . . ·.. . . . . CODE, Book : V, ·RuleXI, sec: ·1s) . · · . A Coiiclllator~Mediatoi' Is.. an bffi¢er. of .the NCMB ·whose principal f~ri-ction is to assist 'ii, the settlement ... Decision Decision .:: Decision . a_nd ·disposltiori'. of. labor-managem'ent disputes . reri~ered . by' rendered· by BLR rendered by . through conciliation : and preventive ni~diation, DOLE· ·.. Director in·. his -BLR Director in 'in'c;luding _the.. promotron and encouragement:·ot Secretary , in ·apP..~11.ate his . app.~llate voluntary approaches t() labor disputes prevention · his appellate juris~iction . may jurisdiction may ~nd · setUeme.nt ,(The Revised · NCM[:i :M_~nual _of . DOtE : Secretary (lf?R. of LABOR .CODE, Book .v, /Jule..· XI,
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236-1·. 2019 SAN SEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPE.RATIONS
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" procedures . for concuietton. and Preventive · -, ·.· tv1ediatfon Cases (2017 Edition)_. Rule Ill, No. 6).
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·. NCMB: Is. not a .q·ui;lsi-ji.Jdiciql ~_gency ~xerci~ing :k; .quasi-judicial funcnons but· m_erely ·a conciltatory body__ for ttie · purpose of facilitating . .settlement of "'i; . disputes.between parties. Hence.jts decision cannot l. be elevated to the CA via Rule43 petition. Rule 43 ·,r;:_ ·o{ the Rules· of Court applies .. only. to awards, f~···. judgments, ,fina.1 · .orders . or resoluuons of or. ';£\•. authorlzed. by . any . quasi-judicial agency .in the f'· exercise of its. quasi-judlcial func~ons ·(Tabigue v. International Copra· Export Cotp., G_;R. No. 183335,
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Evaluative Mediation, where the 'Medlator offers an· opinion which is not binc;iing on the parties (CHAN; REVIEi.tyE=R, supt» at 742).
In conciliation, the Conclllator ..may offer an opinion on the· issues at. hand and rnay make a. qinding opinion-provided. the parties stipulate ir, advance to this etfect-(CHAN, RE;.VIEWER, supre at _742).
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Correction of Wage Dlstortlon 1 .. · In crqanlzedestabllshments wi~h G~A:. · . a. S1:1brnit' .the issue before the grievance machinery; .. . :. December 23;.2009J: . . ···. b.. · If unresolved.reterto. voluntary arbitration · 2.; ·In unorqanized establishments · and without Goncili~tJort ";.Mijt:}i.ation ,. . · CBA:. · · · · Both cencitletion arid:_mediation refer to a .process . a. Submit the issue . before. the NCMB for ,t, . · whereby-a third. l?e'.sor-q~s4ally·aro/}.,c:,:,the. -~ ~ .. (requJfedJ!· o~ly when ent~red without the. Conciliator-Mediator, . Co_n~iator-M~diaki'r,.. <-'·-. , ,~ assJ.i~fanciieof~OLE). .· · who, r~iying · on . his· wro::advi$~4.l].e-pcirtief .· ~tr :•. J( . _i. ' . . . . ... ·. . persu~s1ve . expertise, orl~of,,t~~1'p_artiep, i!)veigle_d_ :. or· pressured int~ s)gnlng th_e!:71 l;>y · . trying ,. . to ...keep w1~. ~.m.:er,i~ m;,<J~ewpf . ;-i;,....~.9.~frup~l?.u.s.ef'!'lploy~~sseek1~.9.tp ev_ad~ their_ legal , tj1sp_1,Jta_nts talkjng, ass1stm~ .t~)'!.li.--towa~d~.. /;Jr< ~~spo~:1:~Jitles'a .· _leg1hma~-e .w~1ver ~epre.senting a fac11Jtatmg . o.ther volur)ta.r1if, :(. rea~~/Jf!il-.---.,.....o-vel1:1ntaF¥--settJem~11tof laborers cl~1.ms sh~uld- be . . prqct:dural nic~ti_~s. .their_ . owti:f~ l'T'Jal~ally : . . res~cted, b_y tli_e . courts· as ·.the__ la":'. b~tween carrying m_essages apceptable '~~~Jnent .. parties (Au1ero v. _PH Comrn.un(catio_n~ Satellite _back_ ~nd;forth .bety\leeh of dispute.(The·.Re11/sf:!d: Corp;;
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W~iver of Re.in~taten,ent·.. . . A waiver of reinstatement, like a waiverof -money .. clalrns.jnust be reqarded as ·a personalrightwhich . . . must . be exercised .personauy by : the .. workers ... ·, themselves (Jag_ _& .Haggar .Jea_'ns & · Sportswear . ' Corp. v: NLRC, .G.R. "No. 105710, ·February 23, ·.' 1-995). · . . . ·.·. . .· . . '( . . . . . . . .
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Ttie· r.ight to· reinstatement is .to be considered renounced or waived only when·:,\h~ emp_lo_yee unjustifiably or unreasonably, refuses .to return· to ..work upon being so ordered .or .after the emplqyer
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JURI--S-DICTi.ON: . AND .REM'EDIES SAN BED/o. LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPEMTIONS - M£M.on.Y~/0·2019
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In c~ses ~f ~on-strikeabie · issues rai~ed in a notice of strike/. lockout, the NCMB may, motu proprio, · convert. the same· 'into a preventive mediation case.or, alternatlvely.jefer said issues to voluntary arbitration, if: they are in .. the nature qf . \JJJresolved_ grievan.ces, or. to t~e. Med-Arbiter, if they involve representation or· inter-union disputes
·.Endorsed/Referred Cases _ ·· The laborarbiter or the appropriate [?OL:!=,·agen.cy .or. ·office that has. jurisdiction over. the dispute. shall entertain only endorsedor referred Cc!S~S- bythe duly _authorized officer.(LA~ORCODE, Art: 234): ·
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is;ue·s arising from 1ab~r and. employment shi;lll subjegi to mandatory c~ncili~tion-l'(ledi~tion
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(NCMB Manual.for Procedures.for Conciliation. and
Pre-termination Conciliation~Mediatji:>r, . . PreventiveMediation Cases, RULE V, Sec: 3). Aily orboth parties.involved in thedispirtemaypre·· · , · . . · · . _ter.ni.inate the· .. conciliation-rnediatien _procee9ing_s . Authortty to <;qi;ivert a Notjce. of Strike/ Lockout :and .re;qlJest referral" or: endorsement . tS\;,-lli~~~=;\pl~.i\,e~e~_er,tiv~ .M~diati·on ·_ca'se , . . .. , . ~ppr~p~!a!e 001.;.E a~":~cy or: ?ffice 1,_QJ.C~( has 'J,.he".C~rt,r~s go a. la.b_or d1sp_ut~- mu!u~ll_y receiving the. information th~~tji.Jty:to "di~closej~-~~ agref t_to. ha}'r.-!Qtred., sub)NecctMedB toMpreve,ntivef C,!{'~ :'...·\~SUJ..U-f!,j:, me~l/3', 10~ l(rocee mg 1, . . . . f!nUa O. Information an:d stateJl!ent\. m~~~ a~',f_f,llG~iati<':i,_;.p':dd. ., A''. th . ' · .· t· th· N t" f meJi?.~!1 . e-j,:' onyers1~:m o _ e. o ice o · Conc,iliators and ~imilar officials'~ay not\t~4>tltiS.iL'f£N""(SJ!Jke~k6~}:
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·The -conversion . must . be :a.o_n~. before tl'le . cooling-off periocf expires or before the.:·)..fni<m cor,aucts iis_.strjke balloti"r.ig; .. .. . 5. Parties concer.ned mt.ist be· formally ·notified ·of the ac.lipn .taken. by. the ·Regional Branch Director through a .. letter .. signed by. the. -6oncil1atcir-. Mediator .ha_ntlling tHe case and. approved.by the : , Director 11; · · . · ·s .. The ootice sho~ld be dro"ppedfroni thEfdockefof . notices· of strike/lockout an·d to· be renumbered as' a preventfve ··mediation . ca·se and a conference· thereo'n stioulci" ·be ·.set ori specific date/s · (NCMB Mfmµal· of Proceedings· for
. How·toJnitiate -Prev~ritive Mediation:· · . 1. · By.·. filing· a notice· ·9r. reque$_t·. of. preve:!ntive mediaticin · (NCMB · Mariual. for Procedures'foe
Conciliation· and PreventWeMediation Cases-, . -· RULE-JV." Sf?c: 1); or. . . . ·. · .. . 2.· . By conversion the notice of stril<-e/lockout. into a·preventive.me'diation ciise (NCM8 Manual-for. Procedures for Conciliation and.-·· Preventive . Med_iqtion Cases, RULE V;. Sec. 4J.'
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· is warranted, .a.. writt~n: · · · .... recommendation from the Conciliator-Medii:lfor . : ·handling: case· required, after "'close .. : consultation:with Regional·Branch.Director; · . the wi:ittEn) recomme.ndatiori must be" formally :. endorsed tc{·ihe: Regio~al_.Branch bi rector II for 0
may'eit!ier be strikeable or ·non-str:ikea_ble
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·PREVENTIVE.MEDIATION · . ·· Thi{-covers ;potential .fabor cases .which ·are the subject of forl'Aa"for"informal .r~.quest f9r..conciliatioil and mediation as~ist;mce· s"oughLby ~ither OF both:.. parties or upon tne· initiative .of t_he- N~MB to avoid.
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and · ~ases ·submitted to 'them for; voluntary arbitration. in their capacity as. Ex-Offic;io Voluntary ArbitJ:ators.·{EVAs)' (D.O:. No. '83-07-, Series of
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·Role of the D.OLE Reg.io11.al Dir~ctor:s. -- · · . · {· .. The ·DOLE .. haa a. total of 16 Region.al· Offices ·;: . nationwide each oneot them 1:ie.;i9ed. by a.Reqlonal J:~ 'oirector,(CHAN, REVIEWER, supnraf747).. .
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Private· Recruitment A'nd Placement Agepcy For Local Employment (1997), RU.LE VII, Sec, 36);
~·'.· strike has been · filed (NCMB. Primer on Strike,
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placement agencies (PRPAs.) for loca,. · ·employment (R1;1les.And Regulations_ Govetning
f>i(Jot~: 'Once th~ notice of strike is converted, .it is Picketing and Locko'µt (1995)). ;
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9. · £omplaints against private recruitment and
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Visitoriafand·Enforce.ment Power . Before.the DOLE exercise its. powers under Article 128, two important questions must be . · '; resolved', to wit: . . ,.:. . . .. 7 • • · -, . 1. : Does the er-ee relatlonshlp exist?· . The' DOLE. Regional Directora ·art:: the ... duly Arethereviolations of the Labor Code or ofany authorized representative of· the D(?lE : Secretary .,,·:·~ labor law? . .. . referred in Article.12~~ ~~ t~e Labor.Coda whjftr:_h'{ . . _ ·. . gr~nls to · t~em .b--'(~ labor stanc,tarljl~rovis1ons:.The .det~rm1~at10~ o~ t~eN~tur:e of Pr.oc~e:<:11r')gsa~d·Qu~mtuf'l}_.otittY"c~ ex.istenc~qofrLEt~E~ relat1on~h1p 1s st!''· pnmanly . :I . Tfle procee~ings ~~f~r~ t_pe R~19_,9,€ii•omr,~.s311b;~- !-;..\ lodged -..,/ith t~e. N+,RC. This 1s :the n:ie~rnng of th.e . summary and non-hbg1ous,,1,~:31atuw~:SU.?Je~t .. t~~ clause ,Jn ca~es 01;\ere the relationship of Er-Ee.still the requi_r~ments of .c;tl;le· pr9~7,s;;;~f!;,S~g1ca~fS exisfs"!i'.i:-1fti~!.E:J;J,28'"(1?)of the- Labor Code. · . . · of. l~w .and ,procedur?, and '.tt,i_~ r!Jll;.fy.,w~~e_ri::wz~:: ~~'.;.i~ •.~__;:..w:\. . . . ·. . . · . · admissibility ar:id sufficiency of e11TQ,(~~c;:~pf!!.~in1r:ig:/fl.. I\•. · The existenceof an Er-Ee relat1onsh1p is a statutory th~· courts·c{law shall· not· s~rictly a'pRlft~_ef~o~;Tlll~· j,_t __ ptflrequis1te·to and· a limitation on ·th:· po~er of the Regi<;mal Office . may. hgvyeve~. avat,.·~~ 9t. all ~~~~~"·;~~~reta.ry_9fLabor,. on1:;· which the legislative ~ranch r~as.ona'ble·.mean~. lO' .asc~rta1~. ~e4~ct~. o~df;!~:::.::t·..::_~'."'is...~r-itiUet,JV_to· impo~·e· (People's Broadcastm_g ·v. c.on~o"'.~r~y ~peethly and'. ob}~~lJV~J~· /nc,1u~rng· . Secretary 'of (he D0LE, G.R :No. 179652, Maj(_ 8, ocu!ar 1nspec~1on and ·e>ICTION. . .. . ·the DOLE exe'rcis'es·jurisdiction to the·excluslon of. The.' DOLE. Regional Directors'·:have pi:iginal ·.and ,.·_the NLRO. . . . ~·..c.. • exd.usive· · .jiJrisdictro.n:· ·oyer ihe · f9ll0Wing_ cases: (LaSO.~-C~ . . ... : . :· , ... , ·· ,· . If DOLl:~··fiods that there is no E~~Ee,r~latlonship; the 1.. Labor standii1rds enforc~ment ~ses (Lfl.BOR jurisdiction is properly.with t~e-NL~C.
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a · coin plaint- is . filed · with· DOLE, · and it · is · accompanied:· by a claim . for reinstaten:ien~. :the .. jurisdiction' js properly· with the Labor Arbiter, under Article· 224 .bf. the ..Labor. Code, which· provide·s that :the L:abo·r Arbit.er has · original and · ex~lusive . · jurisdidfon over those ,cases involving wages, rates · . of pay, hours of work, and other terms a~d. · conditions of.employment, if.accompanied l;>y a claim for reinstatement. . . .
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Secretary'-s duly a1,1thorized. representativ~s,. ~ho have the original jurisdiction fo exercise the.visitQrial powers under Articles 37, 128, ano 289. The .role of· the DOLE Secretary in the exE)rcise of visitorial and enforcement powers is -appellate:in natU'rE! (CHAN, Reviewer, supra at 74?).
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The . findings · DOLE''. however, may stil! be questioned .'through .'a_ petition for _certiorari ime!er Rufe 65 'of 'the Rules of Court _a.nd ·not throug_h a "review · by the NLRC (People's Broadcasting Secretary'offhe DOLE, G:R:_.No. ·179652, March 6,
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Enforcernent Power is the pow~r of the Secretal'y of Labor to compel.employer t_o·comply with [aborstandards upon findfrig of violations dis.c6ver~d inth_e course of the -exercise of the. visitorial power: Only claims where $mployer-employee rera_Uons still :exist can be covered ({RR·of Labor C_o9e, Book Ill, Rule X, Sec. 2Y · · ·: · ·
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Are there violations of the 1,.ahor Code or any . labor law? . ; . ... Thi;i. has quasi-judicial power· at least to. the extent. necessary to determine violations of labor" standards provision of... the . Code and other· labor . .- legislation .. The.·SOLE or the Regi0nal Directors can· .. Enforcement Power includesthe powerto: {CHEW) issue compliance orders and writsotexecutlon for .. 1·. lssue_.Qomplianc13 Orders basedon theflndinqs . . 'the enforcement thereof (Jethro tntetttqence ~~""=""'~'"""'. of the. Labor Regulation Officers or. · 1ndu.strial Security Corp., v. · Secretary of DOLE, fi_fi,~N9, n v "''.)~at~ty ~ngin'eers (Labor Standard and' Welfare 172{537, August 14,.2009). · . ~-. ~· \JO$Jicejt-<~[!dm_ade in.th~ course ~f inspection_; . . . · : . . · . ;f'~) L Q:md,?_Sh·!!~'~ . . .· . his duly authorized ~epr.esentat~s~t~~y.e1~,~c.ess="."'~"'-~ ....cas"'~-..;4R-~er ~{ stoppage of work/ suspension. to employer's records and.-premis"9s,a1;ln):-ftime ~f, ? :-'i ~f.o~~·{Jltje.p•stshall be lifted or not; and: the day or nighl whenever:!'of ls"'bf;rfgrmclertake'e:-' ,~~ ])1; b. The '~njployi:t shall pay the : employees tlierein·(/RR of Labor Code,,Book 11.f, Ru/4 X, Sec. .c~-. crencer'~et:lfthji1[ salary in case the vlolatlon1) ' . . :: !(.>·~~ ~;_--:--«.·r·.rr.. .:. . .·---~attribilit'ai5leJ~his fault· , . · ' , . . ·: · ff ~1.J{·. : . \ ~-~::;. ,~3'.1pssu1Writs ~-{rg~§.,c~tionfor the enforcement of It includes· the right to cop{the!E!fKom, to ~uestl ' . ~~ orde,rs .exceP.t"'-ii:J,,foases where the employera~y emploY;ee an_d_ investiga~e~h){Y'7ctz'·coa~~?.~. pr .;_; l.!~~-:...~2i~~Ji~f-~nd~rtg;s .of the sai~ lab~r officers matter which. may· , be ·neceS[cl{~ to (J!~\e{m1Q,e\W;.. , ....:-:-, ai:;itl i~iles 'JSsu~if ',supported by documentary violations. or which may aid~Jh4he\nto ~W9rk%rs_~ 1.n thE=l .workplace· (/RR of _l-a_bor l\111._ ~-;;c;.edt/,Book Ill; Rufe. X, Sec: 2-3);. ·. ·
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The gr-Ee r.ela~io"r1ship··still exi_sts. at the time of · · . . the initiation of.the action; . . . . .. . 2. · The findings of La~r Standards 'and Welfare. Officers- or Industrial Safety ~ngineei's . niade in" the' course. of inspection;'regordless :6f . ·. whether. in_itiated by -complai,nt' . or .routine· .- . ir.ispectioti; and . . . 3. The employer· Qontests· sllch· findings and raise· . . · iS$UE:lS · which -ban·not b:e res.blved · without· · · considering e"vid~ntiary. matters . th.~\ . are: riot .. · · verifiable-in .the normal course of.inspection (!RR· of LABOR CO[!E, Book II!~ Rt:1/e )(,. Sec_. 2).
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In. r~latioo·· to r~cruitmerit .and. placement of workers' ... for both local arid . overseas. ~mploym!:)nt. (LABOR . CODE,Art. 37) .. .
To jriqoire· ·intq- To fiiq'uire int9 ·employer's .· .· . ltie . financfa) .compliance ..aclivit1es with . . labor legitimate labor . standard$ · . organizations · .u_nder .· . labor (LABOR-- . laws· and·social ·coDE, . Art: leg"iilations . 2{J9) (LABOR . COD.E, Art.
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Not~: The visitorial and enforcemeni power~ of the_ Se_creta~y of Labor or DOLE Regional_ Director or his duly ·authorized represen~.:,ltive· to order·:ar:id enforce, compliance with _labor· _standard_ laws. ca1.1 · be
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Such Other establishments as may be determined as priority by the SOLE (D.0. No.
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183-17, RULE V, Sec . .2). Pro¢edur~
::in order:· to <;live~t · the Region~! Director or ·his : representatives of jurisdiction, the following . .·elements must be present: · · 1.· That the employer contests the findings of the. officer and raises issues.:t.,.- ·labor . · regulations . . . :,· . · . ther~cm, . . t _:·2; That in o.rder to ·resoJ\/e suet:, lssuEfs,. there is a · n·eed to exam in~· evidentiary matters; and: 3. That ,such matters ;are not verifiable in the \~. · - ·.normal course of.-inspection (Jethro Intelligence . ·
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Presentation by the Labor Inspector of Authority to Inspect anc;J Conduct of Inspection. and · . Verification· of <;:;ompliapce. .. !211' . -~.
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Frame.w9rk : for .°Inspection . and .lssuance IF COMPLIANT 'based on NR.· end of inspection. (;ompliaru:.e Orders . . . ,,. Otherwise, ·t.tieywill. be.given a period to correct To .strengthen ·the_· lrnplernentation/Exerclse _11.¢,,.,:,,,'l the violation based on theAction Plan r · .Visltorial c1·n~ EnforcementPower, DOLE D.O. formulated, subject to remediation period for .17 'was issued ori _ October 23, ~·017 providing,' __,11 qccopation·a1. Sli!fety andHealth (OSH) violat)ons framework . for inspection and issuance v] ~L., .,d ... _. · ,. , . · . . . . d // ' .. . ,• ·;J'1>..., I ~ compliance or ers. · c . . ,.-:,/. 0,"":ri;:,J.:..::.,L,1,,)-~z;;-,..t;:, · . · . ·· - · · · . · · /..-;,.:·· Within·s ·a;ll.Y.S, the establishment 'shall -submit to Modes_ of lmplementationlE:ic:ercis~:·.'.'"?f~~isitor!~Y\:{~1 · the Regiop~.t~pffice a St~t~s Reporton the Action and Enforcement Power: (ROC) . i fl H 1} Plan for.mufated . . ·· 1. Routine Inspection; . . ,.-"; ..... r_-~-- . 'l :,;~ ig ·. · · . 2. Qccupational 'Safety an~..-l';lealt.h ~fa-1il0ar9J~ ' Investigation: ,i:,:,.'\ . !: "": 1 ,,! . Ver,fic;atif!>n or~¥ahdatio~ of-C?01pha!1Ce and 3. Complaint Inspection. _;-•'/ ~=~..0-"\ .~":'.>.- 1,,,j · . <s'.'··,-::-.-;,,-;;,Jt~;f?0lto:q-up.lnspecbon . . . ',"'-;~,d:;;;;;..,:...:v . ... · ." · . · .. · ·Upon !he discretion of the S?b~;;(..rai.~~pec~fil·. (,.1J . hi case.of.failure to correct violation, ·parties·$hall Inspection Te'.3m may , ~e cons.~1wte9 Y}O oe_ ~:);;: , 1"'7".•. be called to a mandate conference. . composed . of a group .. of lab?f 1A.sp~~t0rs, : .:@,- . . · . representatives fro!l' the Re~1ona~}-0ff1Ge,z<.·1Jite-:----·•.\.l.l.~e::-.=~». · .: . . . _,. _ Bureau: of .Working .. Condi:fron .. i.C~~C};f\;jthe ._Within 10._~ays upon.term.1nat1on.ofthe mandato~ Occupciticinal S;:ifety_a11d Health <;:;enter'(~~'#.§) and :·confer~~ce, th_e Labor Inspector (LI) shall supt1?1I other· DOLE ag~ncies for the. coriduct .of in·spec_tionrec_ommendatron to th~ RD. Ttierea~er,. or_ w1th!n. · t s using · · ·· · th.e f orego1ng · · _moues . · '"' · ... (D._O . · order. on esta · bl'' .1s h..r:nen · 20· days, the· .RD shall · issue · · a· compliance · ·
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. Routine fnspe·ction. . . \ . . . )t fefers to the proces's of evaluating compliance with . labor Jaws . and 'social .leg isl at ion' j9intty · llhd~rtakenby.th~ l:.abor Jnspector and'the·representatives of the employer an.d the··eniployees_ usin·g th·a_ pres<;ribed Inspection · Ch~¢kli~.t This .covers all· ·priv_ate establishments including ttjeir branch~s. workpla.ces anci their corttracfors- and -subcontractors (D.0. N,o.
1[J3~~1·7, RULE V, "$ec. t). :·
R~i:nediatio~- Period .Occup~tio.nal Sa°t'~ty and Health Stand'ilr.ds (OSHS) violations · · Violaffons of .general." Jabot"· standards and/ or contracting ah_d subcont(actf~g· ruf es are subject. to 10-day correction. period,- \¥hile 6SH violaticins are subject to the follqwihg re!'flediationperiod: · ... 1 .. · If thEi vioJ.ati9r:i poses immin_ent danger in the life . . and llrrrb. ·of tt,a employees, remedic;!tjon shall be, made within 1 day'fr:om. receipt of NR; 2 .. .- !f Jhe vlol~ti'on per,t_ains to Persor:ial Pro_tectiv~ Equipment·. (PPE), remediation shall be made within 3 days from receipt-of NR; . . . 3. If violations· pertain to instal')CE!S o'ther than ttie abbve~mentioned, a . loriger period is allowed . . ·which. shall ·not exceed days, provid~d t~at . tl:le employer. submit~ corresponding .action ·plan (D.O. Np. 183:.17, RULE V, Sec. 3(e.2)). :
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. Priority··. Establistimerfs afld ·. W9rkplaces ar¢ · as . foliow.s_: (HEC-10_-0) . - · . · · 1. Those engaged in .!::!azardous work; 2 .. Those !;mploying· ehildren; . 3. · Those engaged . · in · · g,ontr~cting · and sub'contracting arrangements; . .4. Those e1:1ploxirig 10 or more employees; or.
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Complaint Inspection This ·shall be undertaken irj any .of·. the followi_ng . cases: (RAR) . 1. When there is SEnA Beferral; 2. When there is an ~n·onymous complaint; . ·3. · Where there is . a _Bequest in a: coriciliationmediation proceeding. -before. the NCMB tqvalidaie or verify alreged 'vioiation of, .labor standards (O.o.· No: 1..83-1'7, RULE VI, Sec. 1). :--
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. Ma_ndatory· Conference . shall be ·sumn:iary in 'nature and shall be conducted: · t 1. lri routine inspection, within 1 q· days after the Iapse of the 10-day · correction · period for violation ..of Generat Labor "Standards .(l3L:S) and/or.contractinq and subcontractinq rules. F.or Procedurefor Complaint Inspection OSH; failurato' correct OSHS violation with the. , .· remediation. period. shall cause the Issuance-or . Upon.receipt 9f complaint or referral, or w~eri: -Cornpliance Order; · · . · there.ls failure to submit compliance report, the 2 .. ForComplaint.andO'Sbi lnvestiqation.within 10 DOLE RD shsu-asslqn a.LI _by°reffle.to 'conduct days after the lapse of the f O-day 'correction .. . . ins'i:i~ction ~ . . : . ·: : period for violation of GL$.. OSHS and/or . : · . · . ,®, .; :·.·: . · · · contracting and subcontracting. rules (0:0. Nb. The.LI shallpresent his/her Authority to Inspect to · 183-11, RULE~. Sec. 1J:· · · , the establishmentarid conduct inspection and ·=·.:.... . . . . . :. . . · verification of compliance .--::"--#,;.,,= 'U"' t to the Issuance of a.Cornpllance Order · · . . ·: ,~ . · · · ., :,~. ·1i\i~ · \ · 1 iVi~hin1:f7' ~ d,;1y~ 'from. . the. ·, _-receipt of Li's . ~ . · g:;..,,.s.-~~ '1 1:-,""""': ·= """'"""L"~~~meir ·-,...,\'1' . 1,·-d.'~ t th RD - . . d f .· .,· . .. .,.a.r°'r:i.. . e · may issue ·.ar:i or er o lf C_OMPL!ANT, l~suanr;:e of.Not[~e..~r~$.~~~o · dismts~f/of)~~case on any of the following ttie ~epres~ntatNes of the_ ~~flfQ~er _wrtf.~"' ..~i:ol,li:J<:ls~(!j_(CPAf\. · · . . . · ?EBA ~tatmg such. cornph~n~~..tltEfP,_el)d or . · · 'lr a . T~e Fintiinas•'df'the LI have no 'basis in fact and -inspectlon. Otherwise, ·anjN~~~ftle issued . JP) ~ ](( . i · . :"(_\r Ir . \ . . . . · . ·. stating tbe.vi lations,f. ~(~;2·.: th! .. i~pl~¥~i'{ip):J\~ntedsubstantial evidence · · . · · · ~-:cbnr<j,verthf1U\e.fjn\HngsoftheLI; . · bl' h t with · , f i • .x .... l"I llbe g"iv··,.,n ,1·~·: . . · 1 r-;3':;:t,;.The ~Corre!?ti§i' \ior.),· stitution was made. by . Esta 1s mens I v1q 1 a,r.ons ~1a,. . "'· . , . ...,. -.. . . • . . · the · : . days to· institute corre_eti e·, actio(l<>~ , · • ~t · . \:o:1 em P, Qy~r pn 1H0;U'i~ issuance of ~e .compliance . ~' It'... - Yr.. ' y orde~ I .. : . . . m'l\1 . \ ..-<· ~- ;:.:.~?--:- . ' . ".J.>..."-!)/ . J . . .: . . . . .. . . . ~\,·... . .. . ' '\ ·. ~ · ~ ·.,. .. . . e,;t-,R~rt1esi>.teflt Jed .,nt
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It refEtrs to:the. prbcess .determining 111e e~isterice o.f irtir;n'in~nj · cianger, dangerous : occprre~9e., and . ac9iderit .. resulting· _in. disabli11g _injury .9r · otlier , ··. an;::ilogbus circumstancesl ·.yvithi.n ·the · · workplace based on a report or information (0.0. No. 183-17, ,. : .RULE II, Se,c.· 1 (g)). This. shall cover the fol.lowing . · instances: (EDAO) ; ·· . . · · · . . 1. · _!;;xist~nce.of rmminenfdanger; · ·2. .Qar:igerous ·occurrences; · · . 3; ·~-ccldent re~ultjng ·in ·dis.~b°ling 'in~u!'Y;:or
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; Appeal against a Complia.nce Order:·. . . Jhe compliance o~de(may be·appealed to t~e·Qffice .of the ~OLE· by' filing :of ·a Meti.1or.and\Jn1-of Appeal, ·. furni~hing'tbe o·th~r ·party with.a copy of the same, · . · ··within 10 .days from receipt thereof. A mere notice of · . appeal shall noUoll the run.~ing of the p~riod .within which to appeal (O.O. No. ·183:-17; RUl;..E XIII,·Sec: 1), ·.· .
2019 SAN BED-4, LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OP.ERATIONS
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OPERATIONS~ M£MOR'rAID :101.9. · . . .. · .
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·;;;_-:Grounds: (~LE) . 1. Prima· facje · evidence of §rave abuse of f discretion on the· part of the RD; · ~~:-.-.2. Pure questions Of !;aw; or · .3 .. .Serious grrOFs in the findirrgs -of "fact were· :~,· committed, wfilch, if.not corrected, would cause. grave or irreparable injury.to the appellant (0.0. ·
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No. 183-17, RULE
f.•~ Where . · to Fiie
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., · · · .. The appeal shou Id be filed·..with the· reqional office · {.-, that issued -the Compliance_ .Order. The. filing of a l · "Memor.andtfm "of Appeal .witb,ahy other .office shall. '! ·, not 'toll ·the: i;unnin"g_ of. the reglementary period for ~~. filing the sam:e··(D.0. No. 1.83~17, Rl,JLE _Sec.. _3},
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·; -. V;sit~r'i~1 a~d rinfp~c~~~~t ~:~yJer:. (~i~ie.128.).. ·. · · ~·.:Adjudic:fafory.Pov.,er (Article-.12.9). ·.;· · · ~·. . . ..
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-Note: Where no employer-employee. relationship exists. between .the parties and no· Issue Is involved which ma_y be resolved by reference to the Labor Code, other· labor statutes or any· collective barnaining agreement, ·it· i"s· · the .RTC. that has [urlsdlction. The .RTC·has jurisdiction over the clai111 of an independent. contractor lo . adjust the contractor's fee (Urbenes, Jr. v,·Secretary pf DOLE, · GJr No. -122791,.F~btuary 1"9,"2003):. . . . Recovery of ·Wages, Simple MonEiy Claims, and ·other Benefits . . .. The Regional "Director o_r. a_ny 9f-t,Js duly-authorized -·hearing . officer". is empowered through· summary . proceeding. and after due notice, to hear and decide .... cas_es · involving recovery · of wages and . other :moneta_ry claims : and . benefits; including legal i_nterests (LABOR COPE, Art. 129): .
-~equisites for .RD's J_urisdictfori -,over. Simple Mo·ney Cl.aims: (HEAR)" : ·· ·
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. Aggregate·claih, each complainant . does · not exceed P.5,000
. C.ompiaints.·against Private Rec.rultn:ient and · Placement .Agencies .{PRPAs} .. for · Local Employmei1.t . . .. . .. ,. . . . . -Venue is the Regional/ District/ Provincial Office . having jurisdictioh·over·the place·: (OAC) : . Where the-PRPS/ Br.anct.Qffice"is"located; . 2 .. Where the prqhibited ~ct was.-committed;.or . · · 3. At. Compiainc,rit's · plac.e of· residence,, at .the· ·· . option . of ·." .Jhe CQCTJ.plaina'nt :(RµJes and
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{1 AZUCENA; supra af469-.471).
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Ex-Officio Voluntary·Arbit~tors
(EVAs) ·
· D.O. No. 83-07, sElries of2007,.desigriated all DOLE · Regional Directors ·and Assistant Regional Dir.ecto~s as Ex-Officio Volunta~y.Arbitrato"rs. . . '·.
20t9 Sf\N BED,ALAW CENTRA!-IZED BAR OP~RATIONS
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JURISDICTION AND REMEDIES SAN !]EDA LAW'CENTRAllZED BAR O['ERATJONS: - MEMOR'(AID 2019
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· The decision or award <;>f.th.e EVA shallbe final and _.. : · executory after 1 Q calendar days 'from the pqrtie.§~-="""-'= ·. re~eipt ofthe copy of tl:le•decisi~n of award f!];r.:-No..'?'· .83 o7. . . ~.. t-" .
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· . B. · POWER TO SUSPEND· EFFECTS OF TERMINATIOf,I Tt'i:e DOLE Secretary'may suspend the e(fects of · termination pending .resoiution .of the dispute in the event· of a prime tecie: finding by the appropriate offlcia! ot 1he DOLE before whom the 'dispute is p'ending Chat: · ·· 1: The termination may cause a serious labor dispute; ahd/· or . . ; . . 2. · The termlnatlonIa iri lmplementatton ·of-a mass lay-off (LABOR CODE, Art. 292 ('?)) .
assistants have jurisdiction over the following: 1.. ,All grievances arising from the interpretation or imp!E3rnentati.on of the CBA; · 2. All. grievances arising from the interpretatior1 or . enforcement of ·company: personnel policies which remain unresolved after. exhaustion of the grievance. procedure; . . ·3.··" Cases referred to them by th~ DOLE Secretary, . . underthe DOLE's Admtnistratlve lriter.v~ntion:for . Dispute Avoidance; and. . 4 .. Upon a1;1reernentoft~e P~".ies·(D.b. N(!. 8:J~07J.
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. A ~qtion for rec~nsideration ~ay 9{fi!!:3d·.ber9r.e•fr1e . •... ~R~e.ronly~~~\ues· .of Applicable to.. all . labor decision/award lapses to finahtyfana~tra,(t;:'s!Sp;,,tl:le:=~:;"'"terJU.!natl~rr(:: ,\·,_·of disputes provided such r1:,1nning ofthe 10-day period. fflr!!,l)§!liW'/No~econ,~, · :~r:nployb,e~t1-~~1s}ii '\n~y 'labor dispute will cause motlo_n_ for reconslderatlcn sJ~afr_0·6¥,~llowtd' (D.@:._ .{ause ,l,se.nQ..uf ~·lab.or or fi~.E:IY .to cause strikes No. 83-07). f{1 · ·,f '. .. dispute] .. or\(~") \1in or lockouts in industries ' . . f( "';? imp e!llent~tion~. ·Of;,4 ,a Indispensable to . the A moti?n t9r reconsideration9s11a1~,pr:~solved wit"{ff.h'7·· t::::. ~SS i~b.off .. · ~ \~~.• \! nati~.nal i~ter!:3st· 15 day~ after the adverse partY,_,.pler 1.ts coriiment_{pr;~trili?lli~ , .f · fi=l ij . . . t hereto (DO ~n:,;;_,,.,4Ji,· . ~"'. ·'\'-" . oppo.s1t1on : . Nq."o;,,...,, .. \.__·''. ·,:::::,:.---< . . • • .
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Jrrespective''of nature of ·only'.. • ·. iod~stries 'the :buslness . of the .(ndispensable ... to the ernp.loy.er · . . .na!ional ihterest · ·
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A.'. VISITORIAL AND' ENF,ORCEMENT
. · (Refer.·to'the discussion ·under.DOLE Regional · birect~rJ., · · · ... · .. ·
.244
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2019 SAN SEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS .
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·. ~~!~~~:r df Ul~ DO~E .Reg.~nal D~c~r. ~~, _ the/on.ducfof final arid executory unless appe'€!1e.d to t\es~r,~~~ . ·.~ . . . '.If prehmltfary of ~abor and Employment . wil-l(li11 1'Q ~~s(fr.g?.n-. , • ~ie . ~~tion· . o~ l~e .re~eipt' ~hereof (f:?ules on the .D~sition,.or~aE~ .k~s~~.o~e\QJ,_,J>riJ(a . .fac1e ·Standard-Cases ih fhe·Regional CJ'ff{ce'l!ffi,fei'ilf-.=. )l·'~\6f ;{:).~·· · .t~e ·Sec, 1). .· . . ·: ·. : .· · II · . .''\\.: ·f :{IJWcyfJpa!,~ffi~1~l.ofthe .
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frrim'ediilt~ Automatic· return fo work· reinslateme,:it . pending 'qf the .strikers or locked'resolution · ·- · o(· the .o.ut ~mployees terminaiion. ca.~~
JU.R1so:1cTION,AN"D
REME.D·l·Es
SAN .BE[!A LAWCEN_TflAUZED' BAR OPERATIONS - ME!,fORY AID·w19
APPELLATEJURISDICTION The DOLE Secretary. exerclses · appellate jurisdiction over the foliowing cases: (SUMOPLS) . . . 1. Orders issued by· the duly authorized representative of the §.ecretary of Labor:and . 'Employment ·in th.e exercise of-its ~isitorial and Enforcement power (l:ABOR . CODE, Art. 128(b)); · . ·2. Peniar·or application for Qnion reqlstration or cancellation · of union registration_.origin.ally rendered · by the .BLR ~?Y .be appealed to the .Secretary_of Labor and, Ecriptoyjne'nt (/RR of L~BORCODE, Rule /'I(, Sec. 6);
2. Those""rendered by the. !!LRC si_nce they can be
·· Note: lf o~iglnallY, rendered by ·ihe Regional · Office, acpeal should. be made to. ihe BLR (/RR . · · of LABOR PODE, RL!fe./V, Sec. 6); , . 3. Decisions of the Med-Arbiter in certltication election cases are appealable to: the DOLE -~11~· Secret~r~ (LAB.OR CODE, Art. 27_2);. J,A·:-5-~W- ·
elevated directly to the CA by.°Rule.65 certiorari"' petiti9n; . . . · . 3. Those rendered by the .§.LR Director in _ti,e . exercise· o( his ·appellate 'jurisdiction since they can be brought directly to the CA under Rule 65 . certiorari petition; 4. Those rendE;3red · by the Q.OLE · Regional Diredors under Articl"e 129 of the Labor Code sin·ce they are appeafabfe tci the NLRC; •' · 5. -Those ren9ered by gVAs uncler D.O; No. 83); and ··· 6.:· Tho'S!;'! rendered byJ[oluntary·Arbitrat9rs which . · :. ar~ appealaqle.directtY:to the CA under Rule 65 ... .of t_he Rules of Gourt (CHAN; REVIEWER; supra: . a_t °(72). . .
D.VOLUNTARY ARBITRATION POWERS Adminisfratlve Intervention for Dispute. Avoidance . (AIDA) is an administrative .. procedure .: for .. the. voluntary settlement of labor disputes (DOLE · ·. . · ·. . {,-.:·,·f;iq)r•,, Circutet No. 1, 'sertes:of 2006): Note: Decisions of Med-Arbiters. in. ifi\r~}·,;,;;hi\ . . . . . · union disputes are .appealabre to t~e ~}-::~'J;;_:;;{;r-1:B!i!R.r~taiy Labor may ·act. as a Voluntary (LABOR QODE, Arj. 232) -. . ,:J !, ,. ..,......,A!:!?_~,11~t~';-.,cl · . . ., . . . . · . · . ·. ..-;:<."':/ · . :,· M Af01'~,.rn1s;f.lfWfor.mof dispute ~e~lemer:,t.·bY the ·· '4. Qccupat10,:ial Safety and Her~·StanclardS(L,~j · S~cr~tary o.fr~\boris .separate from the established viblations (LABOR oopE,.Arl>.•l,J/J.}_; · )Y'"'1.\ dispute res:61~tii.n modes of mediation, concifiation, 5. D_ecision~(?f th?_.f.O_EA ~JP.t~.liu9niBra_nch·- tit'- and _ar~it~~ti9{1 'll_nder the "Labor ~ode, ~nd _ii? _ai:1 on r~cruitrrient v1olaboJ;i?..:-.and otft'er~celatep.. ,A aJtemat1~ t_0,. ott;i,er voluntary: modes .of 'dispute cases.. and· discipliJ11'('1Y~f1CtiM"-c,as~san!J~ · 1~ .. ~esolutiS,f! stf~h al the voluntary submission of a _ other sp_ecial cases (2,0)6 P-OE!tfJ?,yres;::e.~rf- . ?_tll . qispu~~}lf.l,t"t~~Qt~r'mediation,_ to the ~<;:MB for . Regulalions, RULE tx,_"S..,ec. 1c6.9}{fr\ -~). · prevent1ve.t!11..~hat1on,. or the intervention . of a ·· 6. ", De'nial of the appllcanon"~lliefJs·~~ance, regional.or local trip~rtite_ p[tace.council-for the sall)e ..!,ice[lse, auttrorUy to.,recruil;~slQ.dau1~.rity to f ~---1jliJ;?.4,';_f.OSe:(DOLE CirpularNo. 01, sedes of 20(!6): · ope~ate _br~~ch o~frce il?~~,ip_by tn_e.......,.li;;~,f.'"'~~~.::;--~,. · · ·· , . . , Regr_~nal · Director ·. f9r recf~ll,~~ment.;-:;;!oo-_ -- ,:.,..;J..{~itf.ier:1-or..06oth the e~ployer a~g. the co~lecbve . plc1cement for- local·· emp_f.oy~ieht 'ffJ'OLE= :bargainin~-: ·agent . (or th.~ repres·E:-~t-~!iv~:;ot-!he · .· . p,Q._ 14_1-14,-_$e,c,32);'·anq:: .. ~'!li'i~ _ ·el!)~loyees_ wher~-th~re ·~ ..no.certified_ ~ama!nmg . . . . '. · 7. Orders involving .§.4spens1on/cancellationof ag~nt) may · voluntarily .br-mg to. tlw Office of the . lic~nse. of recruitment· agencies for local. Secretary: of Labor, · through a . Re.tiues~: for. '} employrri~nt-{DOLE D. o. ·1:41 ~14, Sec.62). · · . Intervention; any potential or ongoing ~isp'ute (DOLE:· <;;irculat /11.o. 01, ser:ies of 2006). · · · ·F, .Offic~s:trom which Appeals to DOLE Secretary :Pot_ential" or eng.oing dispute .refers',io a .liye_-.ahc;l n,ay ~rigin$lte; (DMDP) . · .'' '..· · · . · . .-, ·· . ·active dispute _t_hat inay leqd to·a strike or lcic~out or :p 1: . QQLE- Hegiooa( _. Direct9r;:; · (R.ules .. on · the ffif!Ssive- l~bor unte_st an_d i.s .not .the supf€lct of any. f. ., Dispq~ition: of .Labo,r Stc1ndarr;J. Cases .;n the i; ·· R~gibnal Offices,·Rt.ile IV; Sec. 1); · ·_. · c6mplaint or ngtice C')f strike or lockout at th~ time the' _reqQesf ls made· (OQLE Circ.ular.No. 01, series· of· f . 2, M~d-Arbiters '(IRF;?:of LABQR C.ODE; Book \/, ~006).. ·. · . . . . .• ;· . · . Rule XI, Se6. 15); · · . . · .. . r . -3·_. . Qirectcir pf BLFl (iRR:pf LABOR GODE, Rule XI, Bee. 15);and: ·· · · · . · pre-req!-Jisite .. for. the lnterve.ntion · oy. the ·secretaryof LalJor .· · · , · 4. ,fOEA (R.A; No. 8042,- Rule· VII, Sec. 21, as .. f!rileh.ded). . . The parties must ha\/e manifested that: (V~NRA) . ;- . 1. They__ ~ofuntar.ily° -subrriit ·. their' potential or . C~ses·. not App~alable .t~ the ··ooLE Secretary_: . . ongoing dispute to ir.itervention by the Office. of the Secretary Lab.or and Empfoymeht;' · . (LAN-.BDEV). . . . . . 2. There is No pending noticeof strike or lockout 6r ·1, Decisit>ns . of the LA over which exclusive· any·. reiated comp)aint . in re(ati_on with their app·euate jurisdiction. is' coriferre~ :. upon . ·the· potential or ongofng dispute; ~LRC; ·
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. JURISDICTION AN.D· REM.EDI Es· SAN BEDA. LAW CENTRALIZEDBAR OPERATIONS- MEMOn.YAID ;!019
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3. · -They shall Refrain from any strike or lockout or ·· any form of work stoppag_e or from fl.ling any related · complaint · while · the· Secretary's "intervention is in effect; and .. 4. They shall ~bide by _the ;:igreement reached, . whose terms. may .. be enforced through. the appropriate/writs. issued by the ~t:lcr~tary of · ... Labor -~"nd·Employm~nt (DOL!= ctrcater No. 01,. Series of 2006). '. .. . .»
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· file may .involving wages, rates of ·pay,· hours' of work · and other ·terms and conditions of ·. emptoyment; ·2. Unfair . labor .· practice cases: 3. Termination di~putes; ·. : . 4: ~lar~.i . . for . _ actual, : . moral, . exemplary and other· forms: of Q?magei( ari$ing from th.e · . ·: employer- ... . employee · relati6ns~ , s. claim's . for. - E;rriployees . Compensation, · Social s·ect.irity, · Medicare ancf ·.maternity - benefits, . all other- . claims . "arisjng . ·. fr_ollJ . · .empio"yer-.. · ··: . employee . . . · -relatlens, · · . . '. iru;::l~~ing·. those of ·, persons in. ·domestic, or '1161.isetiold · . service, ·involving
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246
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SAN BEOA LAW CE':'ITRAUZED BAR OPERATIONS
JURISO-ICTIO.N_·.AN.D. REM·E-Di·ES . · SAN 8EDA LAWCENT.RAllZED_BAR OPERATIONS- MEMORY·AID2019 · F&if$1 i.i; &i fiHBM·
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VA ..findings · . Finding;,, of facts and. la~ made by. the Voluntary Arbitrator m_ay. be· revie_weq by t!ie cou:rt The Voluntary Arbitr~tofs decisions or awards m,;1.y be . · contested on the' following gro.u'nds: (LG~DSI) 1 :· . Lack cir want of jurisdiction; 2. ·Grave abusa.ot. discretion; 3. vi-elation of Que process;, . . 4. Denial ·of SUb$tai1tive justice; .or . 5. Erroneounnterpretatior\ pf th~ law (Sime Darby . .. Pilipinas, Inc. v.. Magsalin, G.R. No. 90426, .
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·· · · · · ·Dire~t rei~rt to ~heis n~tallowed. Ail. should. first pai;,s through the CA l;>y way of a. pet.1t!on · . for c'ertiorartunder Rule 65; b,efor~ .reacningJhe SC t~rough a'·pelilion.for review._on certiorariund~r- _Rule . 45 (St. Mart;n·. ~uneral .Home: v. NLRQ, G.R · No. · ·t 30.866; Septeff!ber.16, ·1998). · . ·. . . ·.
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PET·ITION'FOR REViEW UNDER.R!..ILE 43 . . . Decisions of Voh..intary Ar!:>iirator. are appea!able to cAwia Rule 43 Pe,titiqn for Relliey,, just like tho~e. of [ .. · t6e ·. _q.uasi-judic_ial : age1'lcies: .. · boar<;ls · . ,and__ !?.:. . · commissions. enl!merated thl;lrem, and c~ns1:-~ent ii 'with. the original _purpose -tb. ·provi~e· a ~rn~orm proc_e~ure for the appellate review e>f adjud1cat1ons. e of all ·qu·asi·judicial entities (S~mahan ng Mga
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odes' of.E!e'liating Labor Case~tC?.Jl:i~:.._s;~ . · ·· · .. ·· . · .: ·Peiition for ce~[orari:,..underRul~:i?~~forV~ : . I'. Jn full-:qf ~ocket fees with thJ ·pr~s<:ribed _ Tho~e dec~ded by the D()L~~~rJiti~·- · · · f1~~°;::peJJocttts:ri~t-only .rn_an~,atory, but:~lso JUnsd!:ctronal. b.- · Those decided the NLRC, ~~.€1 .. , c;T-:p?...:!~ ..:.:..J(.;,i~aFP-e's\ential requirement, without "".h1ch,· tt,e; c. Those. (:lecided by·the BL_R q.1r.rctorAft)lie .decisiow-appealed _froni. would become. final and exercise of.his appellate·jurisdii::~igo_)1{H'A~, . . · -~xecutory·as jf 06,appealhas· been filed (Saint Lou!s · RE;·\I.IEWE?, ~up,:a ~t ?93); ",-.,~:~--- · . University;Inc. i/ ... -Caba,:n:ibias,' No. :187104, ·2. 'i"E;lt_iti,on Revi~Y-{. l;ind~r ~ule 4~ for P~_CI_Sl()OS, ·. . · • ·A1..i'gus(3,:?,010). . · '; ·. . orders, · or awartjs.. 1s~_ued by .. Voluntary · ·
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. A. Motlon·tor.·Re~:'onsider:ation May,:!3e File:d from of.a-Voluntary Arbitrator . .. tns· 'true" that "Article ~75 maK.es· the: voluntary · ,/,"') arbitration .award: fi_nal and. exeeutory .atter _10 Al :._::;.:{ calendar: daysfrom receipt of copy of the· award or / •. ·· '·.'\.,;'\ decision bythe parties:'. Presumably, the decision . (_'1;;;.:' ;,-..· ..,·.~~ may 'still·~~ rec.ons.id~r.ed by the V?lunt~iy. Arbitr~Jor .· \l f ;\,.-·.·.~ on.the bas1~.Qf a motion for rec;ons1d_erat1on ·d1,1[y filed , 7'~ifrfnn-:-thati~~eriod (Teng 'V., ,Pahagac; . G.R. No. . //// ..l' ,. -"·'-",-~,:~ . i .sd:·..~::~;:z.-.,, •... _·;t'' .. . . .. . .
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department of an . establishment when non-· .compliance .. .'p.os~s grave · and imminent ·: danger to· the health. · and safety , . of wor-kers. in the. . workpta~e. . 4. To. require . employees, to keep and maintain such ..
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Relief in ·a· :SpeciaL, ~jviJ :·action . fo~ ·certiorari. is · : . av~IIE!.ble- only : when, the · . folJow1ng , essential reqoisites conci:tr: - . ·. . ' . . 1. The petition. must be 'directed against a tribunal, · btiard, ·or· qfficer . exercising· -judicial or · qua~i. judicial functions; . .· · · . · . : . · . .'2. l'he. tribunal, board; _or,offjcer musthave, acted Without ·or in _ex~:'~ss 'of jurisdicUon .9r Y,Jith 9rave abuse of discretion amounting to la~k br e~cess .·ofju'tl~dicti~n; an'rj... . ·, ··. . . .. . .· ·. · -3. There is'no appeal 'nor any ·plafn; spe,ed~ and . adequ_ate-rerriedy rri the ·Clrdinary_.c;:ourse 9f la~ (RULES OF CQ~RT,· Rule 65, Se,c, 1). . ·
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·JUR.ISDI.CTIO.N.AND.REMEDIES SAN BED~ LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPER/iTIONS• MEMORY AID 20.19
. . . . ·. A petition for certiorari under_ Rule 65 of th.e R.ules of · Court·will lie only where a grave.abuse of discre~ion · . or ·an act without or, in ·excess of jurisdiction of the.·. Voluntary· Arbitrator is sh9wn, whlqh may. be filed . with ~he Court of App~~ls .(SirrJe Parby Pilipina$;·'/nc. v. Magsalin, G.R. No. ·90426, Deqemb~r 15, .1989).··
_ 11. In the nam~ of·.§.\Jt;>stantial justice and f~ir play; · 12. 1mportance of the issues involve.d; and 13. Exercise of. sound. Disc'retiori° by the judg~ guided ·by all the attendant circ'umstances (Lim . ' v.·De/os Santos, G.R.,:No: .172574, July 31, 2099).
Course of Action.-of the.CA G·rave abuse of discretion arn9untlng· to lack orThe CA may either: . . exceas of jurisdiction has ·been defined ·.as .the 1·'. · .Dismiss.the petition; or capricious. and .. whimsical. exercise of .judgment . 2. Reqvir,e the submission . · qf · th·e relevant · amounting to -or. equivalent. to. lack-of jurisdictlon. ·. documents; or . · . · There Is grave abuse of dlscretton.when the power 3. Order the tn.lng of the ~merid~·d. p!:)tition with the. is exercised: in an-erbttrary or despotic m.anne.r by · reqt1ired ·Pl~adings or. dcicuments (RULES.. OF : reason Of "passlon pr personal hostility, and must be .· . . COURT, Rule: 46, Sec.. 5). . so patent and· so gross as to.arnountto .an.eva~ior:i · of.a positive 'duty or-to. a virtual refusal to perform the du°ty enjoined or to' act at all .in contemplation of.law '.. Rule on '(erification -and. Cei:tlflc.ate · .o{ Non- .. . (Dor, Orestes Romu?lde; ~{ectric..Co.op·era.tive;Inc: Forum Shopping. . . . .. , · · v..;NL:RC;.G.R. No. 128389-, November:25, ·1999J.' .--=~o-parties. .are. being sued ih · their Indlvtdual '?Pj}eifi~i •.. the certltlcetlon of -non-forum · shopplnq . Rules 'on Period, asprovided under. Ri,ltes.of9{vil· ' . }f~.ljlegtb~q9ly.one of two .or m~re petitioners is· ·Proce·c;ture. . . . -~..=---=..d~f~Jivefu.9le'ss hewas 'dl.lly authorized by hisco1. Period within.which to·file peli\l6f-for ~ert}pr"ari- .: , . petitlbr:u~rs.{Pet~i Corp. v. NLRC, G.R. No .. G.R. 60. days from notice .of -jJ;(clgrh~t,.~r9.~~0r:=?e=-N0~4~3.?~tfo§'e{2.7, 2006). . >· · resolution (Opinaldo v. /R~kJ/f.ff N~ 'lf"' ~ · '\.' ~·;r<} ~ . :· · . · . ·196573, October 16, .?01 ).f .. · ~. ilbte·: In ifase~~tltion'\s filed by a corporate entity, a 2. In case MQtic~m for Recorig:iderat~~?r otlon for . "'--~;;'.:'·!c~rporat~ offiC'(!f. 1w!:to)i~i.a·co-pefitioner therein need-: New Trial. is· file~. regard~~tw.hethe~·req~~~-. nor~~n.tli~ \l~~~jf~f~?nand Certlflcatlon on-Non:-or. not - 60-.¢lay pels'{,-;..ii,;f rea~o~ed ~~~ looi ·~~m ~:fiopp,~g rPet.r,oN .Corp:~v. NL~G,· G.R, fvo. eo!l:puted__ from · notice o~~eR,cf~nralJ>f: S):I_C~~- Nof 15453: }3_cto.ber_.?7,2006) . ·.. · · . : motion . (T1razona .v.. ·(t\~~'\r: ~~\t§!.1!3;;;'1:;:;.,r...· _b .... : March 1-3, 2008). ·. · .. ,r) \. ,<#/. f~Timg,.:i>~ tiorj/ for"'R~~on~teculiar' legc1I and equitable 'Ql~cumstances . - attendant to ..each case;
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~~such' appeal from 'a final dlsposltlon of the Court of ~~---~--~~ ...........--:-,-:.:--:-.~.-"""'."'-., ·:;Appeals· is a petition for, review on ceriiorsri under · · PRESCRIPTiON ·6-p.__OFFENSES i ·;~t.!le . 45;·-·. and , not · a .special civil action '. AN:O CLAIMS :-0f cerliorariunder. ·-Rule 65. of the Rules of Court. ,r~ule 45 ls clear that fhe ,deci,_si'9n:;:. final _orders_ or tr: resr;,lutions of.the Court of Appeals. in any case; 1.e., /· r.egardl~ss of the nature ottne actlon-or proceeding ~;,,.:,fnvolv.ed, may be .appealed to the Supreme Court by PRESC-RIPilON OF OFFENSES · · , ·-;;· filfng a, petltlon for' review, ·.~hlch' .would be _but a G~nera I Ru le: T.he prescriptive:· period of al r offenses .·cqntinuation. of the appeuata- process . ov~r the p~nalized · ~n~er .the l:ab_o~ c·o~e,. and. its 1Rf3. is 3 ,1-" original· case.. Under Rule 45, the reglementary years from the'time of co~m!$.s1on·thereof (LABOR pe"riod tcappeat is· .15 days from notice of.judgment CODE, Art.- 305). . .. ·-~ or denial of ·the motion. for. reconslderatlon {Asian TransmissionC¢rp. ?A, G.R. No. 144664, ·Ma.re~ Exc~ption:·· All cc;>m plaints ·i~volvirrg _ULP. shalt be.. 15, 2004). · -: '·. fl!~·a ·Within· 1 year frorh·\heUme'_ttje .acts complained . •-~: .. . .. . of wer.e cornmltted} ott:ie~l~e,.tney shall .bEf.~a_rred · A petition for certiorari.under Rule- 65 -cannot .be forever (LABOR-CODE:, Art: ?05).. . . i:: .substltute for lost appeal under Rule 45 in ca1>e. the . . . . . . .. ~f. aggriev~d party. f.ails _to file an appeal with.in._ the · '· . Pre-requlslte for Prosecutlon.of Criminal Cas~s reglem~ntaiy ,.P~_riod. (M'9/ayang Mar,ggagawt:1 ng,,,<:) It Is §1 conditi_or:i sine·qu<'! _non·th~t ~ firial-·jy~g':1ent 'j: . Slf!yfast · PHL, · Inc: .v. N~SC, G. R. No.- 1553?!!( 1( • finding that al') ur.ifait_ labor practice. was committed ,; • August.28,. 2013). · . · . . · . . i,, ·, 1 \ · by ~e· r~sppnd_ent sho'uld , fir~t. be . secured or . . :' . ·. _.,. .. . .... · · .. ·: ,,fvf{s\Jd obtained m- the labor .. or adm1mstrat1ye .case_ or l'(. In case. w'1<;1t 1s filed 1s a- petition .und~r Ru)e);9, r -~ ..... •~;:-1P,~9c1;iedinQ;}njtiated ,before the LA er the Voluntary i"· . inste?id _of R.u.le 49,.before the ~upreme Court;,tnay.t /!<-l'~=..c..'.AfbifE~~~-,HAN, supra at ~O).· · · · · ,:- ... treat the pet1tron erroneouslY. filed und~"'~.9(e"~5as'--· jf. · . ...,___ 1 . .. . · .··. . . . . X. having bee_n file.d und~r R':)le 1!?_, _ti~}')1 muf.~,,:J . Note: Final{j~ )fment is ·o)ie that finally 'dispos~s ';)f · comply with the ~eglementary peno.d:f.9[.'filrng -~.P_,.,li the action~rrllr!:lceeding. lf1he remedy of c!ppeal 1s ;.,-. '.. appeal_. Th.is· r~quirernent is A?:t 6~[Y,t.~'a99~~r,'yb_1,1t. ~ ~)\ availablet)'~ut o\_ppeal m~d~; then the judgment . :: . . ·also jurisdictiona.1 sµch t~at faJurl;lAod~ ~o--timder.:\,. {_';. is d~en:iet:!'fill I and executciry. If .an._appeal is 'made, .. L · the·:. assaile.d dedsion finr-:it:;_sin_dt:~..,E)~,utory"' ai;:tP'"" J,11 .' then'~t?_,,~1Jo~Uyd_q:r.e'}t.r~ndered by the ra·~qrif:>u_nal · to wfiieti-,..)t.~~1:~C:c;~~'Na_s.elevated should, b~ the. : 4 ·. deprives the ~:upreme· C:ourt~.£?ur1sd1~t10:p,to. th~ final judg_ment",much less-to ~!~t!a'l:5'\tJ'iJ?.app~i?J~I. t·~'j reckoninttfaefofr-'{2 CHAN, supra at 8~0). . · ~;.. · (Tfrazon·a. v. CA,.. G.R, No. 19.97.12;·l!§.,;.Ch '1.3\200Ef), .. f , . ·: · . . · : . . . · ·. ~ .: l;i . · .. 1r\r".'·f0.ii _ULP ca~~s•. th~· ..~nal Judg~ent.: 1~. t_~e · ;;.· RµI~ on Ver!ti_c~t1on· ariq .Cert1flc~{~~~f· N~n:..,.....-~'/1,•~;atifT,ITr:ilSt~ive·proceedmg_s s'hall not ll.~ ~mdmg in ,'f . Forum Shopping . . · p-·-....1-th~crftli,nal case nor. be co11sidered as ey1dence of ( Ve,rifi1?tion _c1.nd. sworn .certification 'Qi ~nori4.r . . .· . . 'offense is Interrupted ·ctur'ing the. pe·ndenc:y of .th.e. Fr~sh Period Rulft ·.. . • . . .. . · . . . . .· · administrative ·proceedfng. (LAB.OR C(!D_E, Art.' .258): · This>fe·sh'periocf°rule'. sh'all ~lso apply .to Ru_le .40 .. governing· appeals fron:i. tne MunicipafTi'ial' Courts·to · lllega! pismi~sal: is Not ''Offense" . · .· "'·· . the ·Regjo·n£ll 'Trial .c·ourts; Rule ·42 or'i petition_s.. for . . l'he act of'th~ e_tnploye,-1n c.lis'missil)g an employe~ ;: -' . review from tlie Regional .Trial Co1:itt~ to th"E: Court of . ·. · without ju.st.9ause; .although viol~tioh of th_e_ l..,abor ·:. ·Appeals; Rule 43'. ~i, _.~ppeals_ from ._quasi~jl,ldicial._ ·. Code, does not ainou·nt to a!'), "offense"·as the ~erm ·· · ·-ag~ncies tq -the Court of Appeal~ c!n<:I ·Rule _~5 · · is .understoo
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claims fqr backwaqes and damages due :me.gal . dismi_ssa1.:(Arriola Pilipinos.tarNgayon, lnc.,.~·R· No. 115689, Augusl 13, 20.14). '•
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SAN BEDA LAW CENtRALIZED BAR OPE:f0TIONS - MEMORY AID .2019·
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Money _claims shall" be fifed before the appropriate . entity iridependently·of. the. criminal action that may be instituted in the proper courts .(LABOR CODE,
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ArC307). . . · · · . .Acttons lh.volv.ing' the Funds .of ih~ _Unior . A~y action involvjrig the funds of a labor _orgc1nizatlon_ · shalt prescribe after 3.years·from the date: · Pending· the final deterrnlnatlorr-of the merits of 1". Of submission. of .the annual financial report to money claims filed with the appropriate. entity, no . . the DQLE;·or . . . . , .. . . .. · . civil ·action ··arising·.from· the ·same -cause of action 2,. T11~·. samei should have -been submitted .. aa- .' shall be.filed with any court (LABOR CODE, Art. . required by law; whichever comes earlier (!BR 307). . · . · . . · . . . of LABOR CODE, Book Vii, Rule II, Sec. 5). ·. · ·: . : · . ·· · · · · · · · ·· ·· ·· · · · · · · · · Cases lnvolvi.ng the. Accrual of Cause 6f.J\<;tion/ .Note: the pr.o~isic;>h applies,()rilytci ~d,egitirnate labor . . Reckoning of the 3-V:ear Prescrlptlve period . . organization whic.h has.submittedthe financial report . In . one case, petltlorier repeatedly demanded : requirements . under· the· Gode (!RR. of ~'BOR. · paymentfrom. respondent but' the latter warded off COPE; .Book.VII; Rt:Jl~)J;- Seo; 5). · . _., . ·: . : these- .demands ·~b.y ·saying 'It would look into· the . . ., · .rnatter. Petitioner; finally -dernanded in, .writing the . . :e,tec! of Failure to· Comply WiJh Report_or,!gla-,,c,,..-:u,;,J:~~-~e~t.Only then was· the ·claim categorically . Re_q~iretnents . . . ., . . · •1~.. .]" •• · ~,enl~~!:?Y,.the respondent. The SC held. that Failure to-comply with the above r~quir~n'iifnt~'\shall. i>'.e~tiofrer:~ cause · of action- .. accrued upon notbe ·a gr9u~d for- ca_nc~ilatio~.of -~jo(feg~lji~~·"F'=-.,,,...-=.-,-v.:1~129~deVit's.. ~~n ite denlar of his claim (Serrano v · · but shall. subject -th~ ernng o_fflcE;t~..P~ n:·~~ets·!o. __ · C~;''G--,~No.$3f~l0,_Augus~._15,·2001) . . susp~n~,o~ •.. expulsion .·f,:om_171~i:nl:5'ezy~ir. 9..~,->'ar-ryr=:-~·-....,.,..~-~-·~f-\. ·A,\\ . · ·· · -, : · ... · appropriate penalty {LABOR CJJ.@..~~rtf•25g). · TC',!). ~fescn~tiv'~.u_w-JotServ!~e ln_cent1ve. Le~ve , . . · · -,f '"-. . .Y/ · ff JC ,~. ;fl:le · 3-y~ar ·P,\;el;lcr.iett~e perrod, m the fight of the . Illegal.Recruitment · . /! . peculiarity of .t~~~Jf)'~o"mmences not at the end of· . ·.1. 5 ye~.rs for simple iliegal[irtfcp:titr'nent;_. a ~- ..... ·1~~!a'fl.hentfit ett;ml~y~e be~mes ~ntitled .to the . ' · . ~· 20 ye~r.s .. . . .:~mu~bo_n.Of _f11rsl~,t~Ut from the time WhE:m t~e· .· ··3,, for: :iffeg,al recrl,!it.!11e1·.•..J:O>V-d,ving. e~horm\~~;-:~IOyE}r~fustf$p.-t0o}1,Y.it~ moneta[Y e~ui".'alent . · sabota,ge (R.A: No:·804?,.·s~, ,'12):~· · · t:!.. ~ after d~-~ 'of.f_?m!71,utatlohor.. u_pon ferminatip~ of - _ emo~····~·~·':"f. as U,e case may be (Auto SSS Violation . .. fi . .·.~ .. ;~•. ~ · ~~.fls/J,~ff:>..Orf,j,Syst~:S, Inc. v. Bautista, GR. No. ·. · )n cases in~olving rt;!fusal o.r n~glect b~Jt:e. oor5 · er:~~:~·· . ~~~.g_7,,"May_/.6,200p). . . · ·· .· . In the remtltanc.e. Of -CO~tribUtl~S. to; th_,E! .S.S°s_/~ _;/ .. U. . ~;#" : . {-1 . . . . , .' . . . · · rigi\t .to il')Sti_tu.te._th~ .. necessary)a~tion ~~i.nS~c;{m,Yl ti}~u'~Y·1":~f f{~,fr\in9'.of·_Pr,es.criptiv~ P_eriod .. . employer may be· cotnm!3nced w1th.1p 20.y,eaf:s,fra~VRi~_e,rescnet.LQ.n_J2f an.action is 1_nterr11pted by: (FEW} the tim_e the delioqµ.ency is know11 or"f~--~,g~.,.s~~~~~T,t:i-e'~ii~~/ff an 9ction; . · · . · ·· ·. . _i~. ma1;1e· by. the _SS.S, or ·fr9n;i.. u,~ .tim~~:tb~_ge.fit "f~ /{ !;,
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, · · · · , ARTiCLE 307: 1N.$Tl'.t:liT!ON. ci,.A,ivas · · · · · · · ·. · · •.· · ·. ': . PRESCRiPTION ·OF. MONEY ci.A11i11s .. · · . . · · · All n:ioney _cJa(ms -arising ,from fa-i;e'. -ret;:itloosnip ·. s.ti·alf l;>e filed.V{ithin 3. years frorn the tim~·lhe cau~a· . ·of-a.ction accrued; otherwise, it.will foreve]',~e.barred (LASD_R (;ODE,Art. 306}. .
On th.is\ poi~t,' tht!l· ·court r·~leci th~t ~ltt,ough the com111encer:n~nt pf a civil' action stops .th'e runnii:,g of the st~tute of.prescription or liinitatloris, its dismissal . or voilint;:iry :apandonment. by. p/ain.tiff·-'leave~· the. . parties in exactly the:s.clme -positio.n as ~bough no. action h.ad be¢n.commenced at .all (lnteioori_tinenta/:· Broad_aastirig Cqrporatipn 'It. PangarJiban;.G:.R. No. · .151407, Februaryp,-2007):" . . .. .
OF M:bNEY
• Note:. iince·.~ cabs_~·of action.requlre..s _ij~-~-~se~t_iat· ' · element not only a legal right ."of.plaintiff. and a· · _correlative,oblig;:ition the defendant bu\ also .a'._l a.~t .. · or omi.~sion of the defenda.nt in y.iolation of sai~ .lega_l: -rig flt, .-the· c·ause. of action does·,not ·accrue· until .the par:ty_ ~bJ_i_gatec:i"°refu~es,
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Note: Making of "follow ·~ps" .regarding the clairfrfor. ' ··ben~fi,ts couJd hot ha~e validiy.to,-leo the presctiptive · · . . period: Re"$p!:fnd.er:,t did .not mal<e ai:iy· ex!rajudicial . ·dem~nd. J~eithe.r' did petitione_r· make .any written acknowledgement of its alleged. obligation "(PLDT v. .. Pingol,_G.R. No.. 182(142; September 8, 2010).. · · · , :· · · ·· ·
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JfPrlnciple of Promissory Estoppet tl p~omissory_estoppel m~y _ari_se fr
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intended' that ttie· promise·should be relied upon, as .(!-: in 'fact it was relied upon; and if a refusal to enforce it would virtuallysarictlon the perpetration offr'aud cir }~ would result in other injustice: This presupposes 'the . ~J' . existence bf a promise on· the. part of one ag~jnst whom estoppel .is claimed. -The promise must be ,1'' .. plain and unanibigiJous and sufficientiy, specificso ·tl)at ._-ttie . C9Urt -C<J'~ understand:' tli)·. O_bllgation ;t .assumed .and enforce the prornlse.accordlnq' to its 1\ · term'S-(Accessories$pecialistinc,( v. Alabahza; G.R: t,\ No. . 168985, July 23,· 200,8);. ~ ': ·. · . ..,. . .. ~~ . .
3 years from ihe accrua( of the causes 'of. . action (LABOR
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tt)e·prin~iple of promissory estoppal is a-recognized, exception.. _to· the 3,--year .prescriptive period · enunciated · .in .Artlcle ~06·. of the labor, _C(?de . (Accessories Specialist lnc., 1-68985, July_~3. 2008). · ·
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ii,',.-. In order to make but, aclaim ofpromlssory estOP:f?f31il:;•\ t: a party bears the burden of establishing thefollp~jq~ :'/ :;~:.-, .•;_ . . ·. ·. .· · ·. · · . · · · ··. . '/1I i°' r-,,·''·~~~,~)-,-'"7::.:1!~ . ·. :· J · .~. · elements: . .(PIO) : :
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1 _. . . Emp]9·yee~/compens~ti~n ·. ~~~ :· ,;:~ · Gen~r~I Rule:·. N.o claim/or cqm~s$1oi'(;shall ~{ . f'':j . ?: . given _c;lu~ ·co~rse unle_ss said ::c1airil'!i~,til¢d'··~ith_-the . f·~~.~ . · ?{;- · S$S _o,r' GS~S ~ith_in ~ yearsfrom the ~u~e f~.;i:i·S'l>TTm 1~·· · · of acti'o'n ·accrued (LABOR CODE, Ad(i,?07). /.'r}¢.~_:.!L.d.~. .... ~
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PROCEDURE IN HANDLING GRIEVANCE (lf:?R of L.AB9R GODE, Book V, Rule XIX, Sec. 2, as amended by 0,0. No: 40-03) .
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Follo~ -;~e stated rules ·in·the:CBA
·
Grievance ._
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See: · Flowcharts on . · Voluntary ·. . 'Arbitration · (p, ~53"-259)
YES: .With CBA? ..
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·UNRESOLVED after · exhaustion of grievance machinery ._- ·
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.WHEN THERE IS NO-PERMANENT ARBITRATOR NAMED IN THE CBA (/RR of LABQR CODE, Book_V,.RuleXIX,. Sec. 3, as ar(lend.ed by_D.0. No. 40-0;J)
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Wl:)en grievance. remains UNRESOLVEDafter · exhaustlori of grievanee . machinery· .
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·. Parties mutually · ' . selected an '. ·. . . .-:arbjtrator/F>,VAs·
'Determining Arbitrator's. ·. acceptance and availability : . :· to:haridf~ the case '
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. . . . Transmittal-of Submission · ·. . A-greemer'lt . . . . I.:
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Subn_liss'i~n·to Voluntary Arbitration based on . ·. · .NLRC Referrals · · "; (NCMBPr'oc_e_dura/Guidelines in the Conduct of VoluntaryArbiiratior,·Proceedings,RULE IV,· Sec. 1).
NLRC orits appropriate R~gional Arbitration · Branch issues an order to submit the . · . dispute 'to. voluntary arbltratlon, and endorse entire 'records to NCMB
the N.CMB calls parties-to a CONFERENCE·.· . and facilitates submission to :vq(Lintary . arbitration · 0
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. NCMB:facilitat~i submission . ·· .. to voluntary arbitrat~on
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lssua·nce of ~1,1mmons by the LA within 2·;days from . the receipt of._the complaint· Servi<:_'3 of Summon_s t>y the baillff within 3 days from receipt \.. ·
"Filing of;¢omplaint inthe Regiqnal ~rbitratioh 1-+ · Raffle .and · .~ · _Brc1nct;: · ~ssignment of Cases
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. -~-dTEi Petitio~\o·r.Certi~~ari.will not ~top the ;roc~edingl'!~xcept when. a TRO ha~ been ls~-~e~ ifJLi~¢RUL~S, : Rq/e-XI,Sec. 4): Moreover, any compromise agreement may be effeGted at any sta~e of the proceedings (CIVIi,. · CODE, A,:t. 2040), · except wlien the final judgment is already. in the proci,lss of .exe·c4tion, (Jesa/va v. Bautista, G.R.. Nos. L-1-1928-30; March · . . . . . . . . .24, 1959). ·
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Wo~irig · Conditions
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· .• . [)isciplinary · actlon . against . land-based . OFWs, ·. . seafarers '.. ·and . · tir.iricipa_iste:rn.Ployer,
which · are administrative "in : character, excludlnq money" claims.
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·Regio1,1al Office 1 . Med-Arbiter · 2. Regional
. BLR Director 1. All Decisions of the Med-Arblterln; · · a. lntra-union
. Director · Jurisdiction
dis'pljtes;'·and . . -
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.. ~ . . b. Other related -----".: laborrelatlons ·
1. lnter-Unlon Dispute · 2. lntra-Unlon
disputes ... 2. Decisions
Disputes . 3;-C>ther ·
originating from the. DOLE Regidnal · -Director . .
Related. Labor Disputes
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_The general purposes ot workmen!s compensation leg·islation; therefore, are:·(l"OT-PI) 1.. To [mprove ·th~ economic ·status ofthe workers; '.ARE __ . ~· _· _: 1 · ~~-LEGISLATION . 2. To Qbviate the uncertainties,. delay, expense, . 'and hardships attendant upon. the enforcement . ' I. ofcourtremedies; : . . .. ·. · Social Legislation ,. . 3. To Iransfe"r .from the worker to the industry in Refers to those laws that provide particular-kinds. of which he ts employed, ·. and ultimately to the ·· .protection or benefit~ to .so.cfety'orsegments the.reof . consuming public, a. greater pr.o'pqrtlon. of the . . in furtherance of soclal justiqe· (1 l,ZUCE/VA, supra ecoriornic loss due to industrial acoidenta.and : at 10). · : . ·. · . injuries: . . 4 .. To frq'(ide, riot on.Ly foremployees aremedy · TITLE TWO: EMPLovees ·caM.PENSATION AND which is both expedltious and Independent of · STATE'1~isuRANCEFlfND . ·· .: . · ·. ·. : proof. qf fault. but also for. employers a lia_bi)ity. .: CHAPTER I; POLICY ANO DEFINITION . v,,_tiich is lirnlted and determinate; and ... · ... · ·· · --5 .. To Improve the relations between. employers Workmenis Compensation .. is a. ger:ieral and . and 'employees by· avoidlnq or reducing the · comprehensive term applied to those laws providin·g ·· . friction Incident to litigation (1 AZUCE!NA, supra . fo,r compensation for loss resultirtq "from tne ii:ijury~,~...:.: at"516). · , . · · · .disablement .or : death. of .. a· .workm?tn..;,:,tb16r:igh ·: industrial · accident, casualty,' or- .,~is·«;las~ (1 . ; "·· l ;." .. · · . .: AZUCENA. supra at _5_14):- . ·. P /' ~MPLOYEES · .
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p~lmary-. purpose • of ls .to p1ovig~l.-~~~1ia'h.f~~ disability · or death . resultiri.ef ·tra~/occi;lpation.~l. ~ ~ · ·.;. · t\ "\:; J-,..&- · \ • · · • injuries or .di~ease~, or· 1;1c~\di!ntal.inJJ:lry 1o$,.or _deat~ 1 of employees: ~h~.statute 1~Jl-~e~1al on~-el.'la_eteC:J-"ili'-' __primarily for the beneflt of v,,tio wolks l~e-~ , <' \ pursui~s._subject to.lts proviti~~~l.~~s-~ortflW·benfili{ .;-, ~CotPENS~1I!ION LAW (ECL) of the ,n1ured _empro.yees ~rir~t.i¢!_J~urecrei~_}~Y'e(~~~ i..): &.-PoEA:.SEc· (1 AZUCENA,.supra at 51_5), ·· · 11""'\\i ~"J' ~- ,, • 11 compensatlon.ract
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'The. Principle 'of\.So_C?ial.·~):u~ity\ls r3p'l1~ · : · . Emplo~eE:s'. Cpm~e~s.ation C,o~r:r:ils.si~ ~E~~:fi ·· . ' . . Comm1ss1q~ adm1n1s_ter:s ai:icj s~ttles. <:_laim_s f(b~.~~e.&ens.~1ionm,. ans . all pay'T'~nt~. made 'for fun~ under its e_xclus1~~ c~ny-o!. l'~e !3mpl9~~~ t:ftt.~~J E.N,1fueon;i.~~~t;Jefits..i~~d. medical or related l;>enefits ·. · not interveri~ in.the,compen~ation p~~~e~lan,9)tcb.~~~---,=;>-.fM/3~~R. CQb'fl.f)\rl. 173 (o)).. . _ ·.. . . _. n_C?.con.tr?'·· as .!n me:p;3st, ?ver ~'.3~en~oA1cleJi.ts.·1i,--,-,.. i... ~~-\..'\./J· ·' .. - . . . ·.. : . · . · A covered· cla1~i:in! .suffering from a_n .o~~t.lQ.~t6nal j\}1f·S~~~,,§f6fCompensat_•
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insurance Statt.Jtes - require the 'employer to take out insurance elther with an insurance . bureau operated by the state· or with a private company.' or to contribute to a compensation " fund, and If ari employee is injured, the · 'eompensahon.Ispaid by thelnsursr or from the -cornpensatlon fund (1 AZUCENA,supra·at516). _
2. ..B_uilt throug(:1 ~oritri~utions of th~ employers . qased or:i the sal~ries of their employees; . 3.. · C.on'ti·overslori to· the right to compensation by 'tiie e~plo.iees'is nofreql.iire.d. Opposition by the empl_oyers {s. likewis'e discarded; . . . . 4. Rule on ~ggro:!vatiOf'1 of lllrie~s is· removed; .fr. Einpi~yers' ·duty. is only ·to. pay · the regu.lar monthly eremiums to the sch~m,e; al"\d 6. Empl9yee.s' Gompen~afion C~mn'ii~sioh .(ECC;) administers and Settles -clai.ms fron'I a fund under ,its:exclusiv~ control. The employer do.es 'not :rntervepe, ·as. i,n .th'e .past, .. over 'Jjayment of . · : b_et'lefits (Sarmientov. ECG, G.R. Nd. L-'65680, . .· Mf,y·f.1,__1988). . · .. ·i · .
i;:. Enactment' . . . . f'.P·.o. fl!o. 62~ ?.i' _the. Em_ployees' Compensaflon
~; Law (ECL), issued· on December. 27; . 1974, ·:;. · amended extensivety the· Labor Code provisions· on. :{::. f:'mployees' -Cornpensation and. $tate Insurance fun<J (.1'AZUGEf'/A,.~~pra at 518) ..' : .. :~ .' .. . . -. . . . .. i. RD.. l'.JQ .. 626 took· effect on January 1, 1975 and t . 'applies . prospectively.. Thus: it applies, oi:ilY. to · .-: illnesses -co·ntracted · 011 -or after -that date. The · f Wor.kmen's 'Compensetlon Act c,i{CA).· applies to . illnesses .. contracted · 'before · -thar date. The Workmen!$. Compensatlon Comrnlsslon was fin.allYcVi1). aboltshed on March 31, 1976·(1 AZUCENA., , .518). . · · I>:·· ;~, ·,
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..' :.·V\Jork;men's Compen.sailon ~- Empl·6yees' : . C.ompens.ation/Stateln.Sl,lrance Fund . - •,. . . "'. .
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. The· Sta~e .~hall .pr~mote ';1.nd develop a t~~~~~em~iQ'[;!~ f!.t~~·r:t . employees'. compensation · .. progra~---:.,,.wher.eby, ~1 . , , • • • • • • • • 1 employees 'and their dependents, irf.Jhe.~evt¥rit_gt:~tl -, . . ;J • I\ · . . _.. · work-connected disability· or death, ffl~Y.iPrbr,QP.tl¥"'.- l There is ii' Ji,esump,tion Presurnptlori - . ·. of . secure -adequate income b~nef!j,~;;i,:foJ- ;~e'dical ·.of compe'~~<)'~iljfy,·,onc~ cornpensablllty in_ fav
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related benefits (LAB~R. CO~re·rf.~s~~~., ~~ :~j~~;,~~~t~~~~t~~= ~~ol;~~~ ·:x'?;~~ei~.. W St~te_l,rsura~ce.Fund ... ~ { =~.J;··ti ~..,.. . ~;·:1 ·. in '..:. t![i;1{;.:e,q.1:frse-t;P of case .of polic.~men and ~' . The Labor Coc!e.adopts the compensttl.C}':1;'!"~1.n?,ty,J)~{ t',,,r emplo~e·rffrttf.ie.µ,legal members· .of· the AFP ~· ~IJ' c_overed employers are re9ffil'f~9-:;,r1~'t. ~o ia· · !1.f . pres·4m·ption, , . iri · the sui:;h t.hat the, moment. an J:·,. . 9ommof.i. f~R9. ~ mor:it~ly c1;mtn~otictn...,eciui~~lent 'to · I ?rt;.. -pb~ence· of substantial AFP·. ~13mber suffers.- a ~1% of the monthly salary 9red1t of e:~~IY:>overed . /r,·.,t' evtaetllce_ · lo ·. the ,contingency, · .. · · the {- . en,,ployee. Th~ employ_ee pa~~ no co'r$.J~ution5.~,,~'"1..,t::...:t.:~c/S~fr~~as .that.. 'the pr~sutnption is th~_t it _is . ~, . fund. Any_ agreement !hE'.l c-qntr.ary,!~ pro?~l>J!ed, claim·· for' compens.a!ion ·~ec;ause of the r:rature 9f. Tbis. ;makes up . the Stat~. ·lnsurano~.:£ttl~d' (1. wit~in .... the. ~i.s wo~k . (Ecc· Board i:... .Afµ6Ef:IA supra at/5,17). . prov,~r.ons of.· · ttie: .f;?f!SO/uti,;m No~ 39Q8): f. · · .- · ·. · · · · . · · ·· · : • compensation .law'· (1 ·. ~ . Mechanics of S.tate-Jnsui:anc!:! Fund ..· AZUCENA' . .. · · ·. t .:.· . A sta(e insural)ce fund is)>uir~· Lip_ by the cont_ril?~tibAf .. ,,20) : ; ., • . s_upra · ~ o· ·· ··q(' employers. ba.sed o.n. th_s : salaries·: -o.f .. their v· - : · 0
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":: . · err,P1oyees. :The . injured w.orker · ~oes not. hav~. tO .~ · : litlg'ate hi~· 'right. to. cai'l)pensatlon. H~··sifr1ply files a· , · claim, with ·the .... new neutral... ·Employee's· Compensation -Co.rnmis.si°onwhic~ then deMrn'lines· · whether or. not. compensation . may . be paid. (1 :POQUJZ, sup,:a at' 507j.. ': . . .
. ·: N~~~re of . th~ . ~tale'. insurance .Fi;l.nd, '(SIF):. (C3APS) .. . . ·. . . . . 1: P,resul'f1ptlon of ·,g,.om_p_ensabili.tyin· fav
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No re'ed.. tq pre.sent Proof. causation is p'(oof ..of c~u·satibn ·(1 needed:'if.the disease is . AZUCENA, supra_ at ~qf listed (1 AZU9~1'/A, . ; -520); . _s'tJpra·at 521}: ·.:. The.burden ~fpr.oo{that' Un.der th1;3 present ·,aw, ·. the' illness did nor arise 'for a ;:in . emplbye_e. (o l?~ out of employnienl, orat entitled' ti:> -~ickness or least ~ggrav~ed 'by it, death benefits, . the fEill. the employer\,. sickness . or . death shou)ders. The re~ulting therefrom. must en:1pl_6yeehas .no·duty_to be, or mus_t have resulted .show: . causatlon : (1. fro!'fl:.
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at ·1. A~y illness definitely
accepted. . as an .occupational dlsease ' llsted.: by ' the Comrnlssion:' or 2. Ariy iliness causedby . .the . · .. employment subject" to · proof . that the risk oLc:ohfractii'ig . the same is" increased by WQrkin_g.cond!tions .,
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. . Abo.llshed cbncepts under the EG!- . While the pre·sumption.of compensability and theory .of aggravation· un~er the Workmen's Compensatipn .Act.may have been abandoned under the New Labor Code,. it ·iS significant that the liberality of the la~J.°in ~ME!ral in ~avo~ of the w9rkingman still subsists. _T~is rnterp·retat1on applied Art. 4 of th,eLabor Code .,vhrch provides that all do'ubts -shcJII be resolved in favqr of labor (La"Z;ay. ECC,·G.R. No. 78167, June 18, 1990):
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.Pr~si.lmptia'n compensability provides that· 6nce -ihvas proven that the injury or disease arose . in the cour.se of· employment, the legal presumption-,: . 'in tne . absence. of substantial :evidence. to·. the contrary, was thaqhe ,claim. for eQmP.el'lsation came' .. · within. the .provision~ of. the .compensatjon law (1· . AZUCENA, sµpra·_at 520). · . .
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of· · aggr-avation provides that "-c:ompensabillty 'may be established if, by substantial . . •.. t . , • .. . " •. : . .. . . : ..:.levid~~c~. it ca_n be demonstrated that_ the w~rking. - . . · . .. .. · ·-/.;.· ,~·. ·•. 1 -~, :,:.-::-.~onq1trons aggrayated or at least contributed in the : The · erriploye_r s~ould. _srnce t~.cla1~0J4:J~_e · .' ~dvaiic~m·en! ~f the employee's illness (J_ep_sens co~trovei:tor dispute !he emplo~e\:-h.,: :r,~.-.,,Mantime,-lnc.· v.. Babol; GR. No: 204076, 'December · claim.. tor .compansatlon coml?e~~gtr&w1f"9irecrn1 . 'l\""' .4 2013): ···~ ?() '\ . . . . . . . -within'.1,4 days fC<;J~ t~e _ag~ih_s'~~V-1ff Sf.. th!1 :4Jj~ dat": of the dlsabillty; or ernJSl?ye.r's;loes -~ot _have ./( ~-,. .C_ompen·sabih\y{o,f!'Ji'l~,mbers of the Military . within 10 days .after: he to/,cer:1~9"[irtthel!,l_a1m-_(.:1 .. -1f'r~·uesp1te!',he e><n (1. \ · \.~ { Sr ~--;~l~:c'ompef!.'s~bl.e:f~A_P) . ; · . .. . . . · . 'A'Z._UCENA, supra at · · .. · ~~~ 1I.::.t~3/vv~.!l~~~Jd1~r-1s on fiest-·and')'ec:ea~10~, 5~1). . . , 0 . --==~--· -'<1"\,.,hJ.c~>:IS ·consrdered part of ·the. soldiers. r., "'\,...\ .adi~ities, after t~e soldier h:;i_d i~ _}...~ \~'ii~ry ~,.,., . . gone . .. . . .. . . . . .. •:-~ . . ~ ·. J.. !',... ~oi1:acty~jc0,nbat-doty, as.duly certified to by· Payment, . of ·. ··the PaYrnent · ·. of .·· 't!1"er~~ the p(op·i;;r corriman(!ing offic$r.coliceme_d'; compensation.-'is. madE;i compensation is ·m!:3de . b_ . While' the ·soldier is on. ·Acad~mic leave, by the-emploY.er. · · ·. b~. ·, tt]e · · SSS/G$1S . . provided thafthe·parti_cular field 'of ~tll_dY. had . · ·· · · · tt:iroug!)_.. .the State . been· approved and· Pc!id for by the-military, · lnsprance.l ·Fund.' .. The· or . other··. agencies ·the·· .military··· 'had·· ·E".)P_loy~t's.·O~ligation ·is · . ·{anctio·ned officially; .· .. .. .. n:i~r~ly to _pay_·hi~_cqunt~ ..c.: When a sol~ier is: ".on'f,ass" for a period not c.ontfibutiontb the·S~S. · ·exceedi,ng 72 hours .. · If, the. $oldier · y;,~s · . . . unable fo :teport himself or hers.elf back' for : . d.uty fr9m. a duly ·autiii:>r.ized -pas$ Within: the If.. ah . a·ilment ..ofi ,an- .The. rill~ on: aggravation .. 72-hour per~Qd, it must have' tJeen for some . ei')1ployE:ie .. of iiln~~s which tJives: rise legitimate·. :and· valid .reason . such . as . (:lggtavated by ,his work, to .. -emplo1e(s. liab.ility .. fortuit9us.'event.pr'.rorce ~ajeur.~( prpvidejj the·erri'ploy~r is .liabl~ f()f was · 'abC>lished . (1 lhcit n'o·unjustified or: .unr~asonable· dev\ation. corripensatlon .· . '(1 AZUCENA; · . supra· : ~t ·rrQrn the condltjon for Which. 'the 'p.ass ljad AZUCENA, supra :at 521). b.een iss.:ied. · had been comrn.itted· (ECC .52i) .. ,· · Boa';-crkesoh,.1tion No. 0~02.00.14). · ·. . '2. In the following instances, the disa!:Jility or dea~h . . · of a· rri'emb~r . of 'tt]e -JT1ilitary · is deemed riqt ' .. c.~mpe'n'sahle:WuCC·S-LA) . ' . .• .
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262 I 2019 SAN SEDA LAW.CENTRALIZE'? BAR OPERATIONS
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a. . \l'.Vhile the soldier is on Furlbugh or On.· leave, he or she is considered absent from military service, .. .,,.. b. \/Vhile the soldier 'is on .G_or:walescent, ·.. ~ompassi6rfate or §.ick leave, except when. the leave had been dueto work-connected · illness or injuties; ... . . c. While the.soldler is on m~t.ern)fy, paternity or gradu:ation·.!::eave; and. . . 'cL When the s'ol.dier is considered on :'AWOL" status . ((=CC Boi:i'rd. 'Resototton 03.. 020014). .. ·' . . .
Bas.le Fea'tures ·. of the New · Employee's Compensation F>rogram: (12 - PW~R) . 1. · !ntegration of Benefits .- Compensation benefits for work-connected· injury, sickness, disability, and death have been integr~ted With· those· of the GS IS/SSS and PhilHealth simplifying and . facilitating the -processinq cit .. claims. · · · . . . ". 2. Increase . in Benefits - Allowable income . · benefit has been considerably lncreased.death and permanent total disability .. benefits now consist. of .a lif~time 'pension. Burial expenses
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ARTICL.E.1.80:'LJ·ABIL.IT.Y·. OF T.. HIR·D'··PAR. T·.y· /.IES
L ' circumstances creating a l_egal Iiabllity against.a third
1"" patty, the disabled emplo.y.ee orthe dependents,' in·
'i:,, case ot.hls death, shall bepald.by the System.'(.GSIS ,;: . .or SSS, as· the casemaybe) .. In case the benefit is:
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· pald, ,system ·sh.ail be subroqated to the rights of ;;,.~:\ the disabled employee or the dependents,' ii'l-CaSE;?1,9(1;:.J;c his- d.eath, in ·ap9ord.ance·. with the general/~~/'''\
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begal Services Dispensed With - Under the . · n~w yrog~~m. ther~ is· less e~pense because
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. :; (· '.'. '.;;l,,.. --. leg_al s~i:yrce,s are dispensed with, . ,$- ! :. · · r(.;.:... ..6;;.:~or,e_..ft.al,anc.ed. Rehabilitation· Program
excessive Recovery . Wt:iere th~ systemrecovers from ·suc;:11)b!fd"party~_; · damages. in· ex~_ess·.of _those:paid or 1a1J~w.,.,~<:und41r\::>J l the law .... such excess sh al.! be. delJy.§lir,-~· to· t~·?isable<;I er.np!~yee or ot~er perso~,~;~tit!J:ft!.ta·efreto,.. !';., ·. after d~ducfmg. ·tt,e:,. cost· gJ4roceecttngs;;7anp,__. .exp_enses of the .Sys!em,(vig~~ COf!:F;i,_Art. 1~0.'' i'".\ (b)). .: . . . . . . .. ~r'. "'-'<'~2;·0 . -~.,, . ;~: !
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have also been increased. .·· . . , frompt payment· lnecrne benefits - Does .awax with· . adversary . proceedings. The ·, employer will file·. the . claim in . behalf of thee. employee. . 4: Wider Coverage·.:. it includes employers wiJh at least one employee · arid regardless . of. the . . capitalization and the type -, and nature of thelr 3.
'1.' · When the ·. dis~bitity or · death is . caused by
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- It ·er1a6fesJ,~emian!3ntly. disabled 'el'f'!pJoyees to . avail tt-i1~\~1ves of reha~ilit~tion ser.vi¢es 1Jnder the E?JPIPYve's Comp_ensi'lt.1on Prog~ar:r, (ECP) whi_ctiJ...cafi _h~)P tl1em _regain c.1s. soon_~s p0ssible th_el~jph)1f.1Cc!\~apac,tyto the _:max1mun,: _IE)~el. .p1s_9bl~~per~~n,~ c~uld therefor~ rem?m ?s &~ffil::~~Nwt~9f,,SOc1etyand regain. their self~ confu:ieQ.1,_e_;al'ld self-respect (.1 .PQQUIZ, supra
Prohibitio!) Against Do~ble ~edcwed./",,,'\_ . ·JI ~,.; . at 499). . . , . The injured employee ca~not claim\P,~ym~i)Jtwice ! 1$sT,.,,...;~ . · · · . · . ·· ·t f9r the same inju'ry from'both the thir'cfpaq:v;~_ridfr9m · /,; !, . ~-~)_".!~}-~ 1 a2: EMP!,.OYEES' COMPENSATION ·the.. employer (Alba v. BU/aong, G.R. L-1.0301¥.::'.-·-=.e.a:.QOMMl:S::S'loN ;· . and L-10$85-88, April 30, 1957). . _(';~ ~. {/',./.. Strucrure: ·. · ·· ··· · ·, · , : ',-1._r·>.[.) · .. 1. ·Chairman: DOLE Secretary· ~' ARTICl.;E W1: DEPRIVATiON OF BE;N'eFiTi . 2. Ex~Officiq Merribers:. . · f; · .. Ex'cept as.·otlierwfse pto~ide:d 'under_ :this Title, no. a. ·-_SS$.Administrator; ~ . contract•. regulation, : or d_evice whatsoev.er shall ' · ·p. · GSI~ Gen,~ral Manager; 'Operate t~ deprive .the. eg-.ploye_e or his.:~ep~ndents· C, EC.C. Executiv? Director;_ i;. of any. part of th:e· income· benefits,, ahd ·medicat or d. Me11care C.ha1rman; an~ ... relatec;l· services g'rantetl. under .this··Title :(uti16(? e. Two. appointive mernbers, one of· whotn f, CODE, ~81); .. · , · ),haH ·repre~ent ·the ernptoyee.~. ·.and one other, the employers, to be appointed by tt)e. ;f. _Rules.or;i·._!:,i·~~ltan,;ous Re:c~ve.n,: . : _ ..... · . President (LABOR _CODE, Art: -182). ' i· . · 1, $imultaneous· recovery un.d:e·r the Labor Code · : · .. · · · · .. ' · .. . . . ·'and .the Civil Code· cannot made: The action, Thrus(~of ·employees Compensation Prog'ram.,. · · · · · · · (ECP): (CCP) ,. · . . . · · · is· sele'ctiv~.· and- the emplqyee !l'ay choq_s~ io file ·: · . the claim ·u.nder-eith.er. Bu:t once .the,election. is. ·1. .Qompensative. Thrust ...:.. . ECC thrpugt:i ·SSS and ·ma.de, t.he cla'irriant. · cann,cit opt'.Jor. the oth·¢r. : · · 'GSIS pays benefits 'to the workers who suffer . remedy. (Ysmael Mantim(!!, ·corp., v: AvefiiJo, work-connected contingencies. In case' of death,· . . the btmefits. are given to the· beneficiar,ies.. : ·- G.R, Np. 4:3674, June. 30; ·1987). c · t'IVe· T.hrus·t.' ~ t re.a · t · t.h · .k · · ·· 2 · ~Ura 2.- Simultaneous. reco.very' undsr. the Labor. Code· s e SIC f!eSs or !nJury '.? . ai-.d the SSS .cari be made;since·.P.O. No. 1921 trni.t.a worker may suffe.r . · . h~s lifted the ban .on .sim.ultaneous · recovery 3. Preventive Thrust '- to minimize and ··control hazards in the' ·wqrkii:,g · e'rivironm.ent (1 (DOJ Op,inion No. -a, January 12, 1990)'. ·
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A_ZUCENA, supra at 598-599). . ·.
2019 SAN BE;DA LAW CENTRAllZED BAR OPERATIONS · I 263.'
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SOCIAL. LEGISLATION .
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ARTICLE .. 176:'EFFECTIVITY OF COVERAGE a: . Employer: on the first da_y of l')js operation · The ·state Insurance Fund- shall be .compulso.ry ,upon: . ·· b.. Employee:: on ·the 'first_ day of.employment (LAB.OR COPE; Art. 116; Amended Rute.s : 1, ·All employers; . . on Employees Compensation (2014), ·. Rule . 2·. Employees not av.er 60 y_!3ars old; . · . I, $ec. 6). .. · · ·· . 3 .. Employees over ~O years old and 'payi'ng . contributions; · . · . 4. Employees coverable. by both· the GSIS and Rules 011. Conipen~abi(ity· · ·. . SSS shall .. be compulsorily covered by both 1.. For the injury and the resultin~j' dlsabllity ordeath · .·Systems . (Amended· . Rules on · t.=mploye·es' be compensable, the injury must be theresult · : Compensation (2014), Rule I, Sec, 2); and of an accident arjsing out' ofand In the-course' of· .. 5. · Flliplno employees employed abroad subject to' the employment (Ecc·ResolutionNo. 2.79g,july .. regulatiOr)S as 'may be prescribed (LABOR -25, '1984);·· · ·. . .' . . . . ·· '. · .. CODE,.Art. ·175)'. . · . 2. For the sickness and .the res,ultii1g·.disability or . . deathto be compensable, ~he sickness mustbe . ·_..,._Note:··Liability. of .the. ECC through SSS/G$1S.shall the result. of an. cccupatlonal disease listed . be exclusive ·ari9 in place ofall other-Habuitiesof the under t.he Rutes with the condlttons set therein .. employer to the 'employee, his dependents oi: . .. .satisfied, 9~herv.iise, . .proot rriust be: shown th~t . . ~nyon~ · otherwise entftled. to receive d~magE:~.,9.f.1..,,.;... ..., ==..~:therisk _of cohtra·c!i~~ the ·d.isease ts lncreased · Bet,art iof the employee.or his dependents :(J[?,J¥offhe· '[, i\ . .,:by,..tb_ewo~Jng conditions; and' ·. · . . -: LABOR CODE; Book IV, Rule IV, Sec:,,J.fii)). :~ OJ;ilyi~~l')jury: or- slckness that occurred on or · .· . · ... ·. . . / :{....,..~ C .~::o~, ..,,~~.•}1fter,1Ja_p.u~~ 1, .1975 and the resulting disability The payment _of compi:m~atio.n.u9.9jr-,E9'~,;~{l;ia1fno(.' . . . . . ·0~~tii~~'IS)1a~ be compensa~le . under these, -bar the recovery of benefits as 91:ovt~c;t1.tpf!!J,,_Gthe~:'°'":'"'.o....~e~ "((Arhe,f\.*'8:1eJ$~ess~e.:tilt1ngm: · GSIS, including. the me(!'.lbers ~f: the(Afj!~~:f:;:::r.~\.;. ~1s~ll~y;.. · · : · . . · · : (EGG CJr-cular ~o. 06-709~/y21~~~)/~;~,fil~!-~a~.,_e!'!l..p_?rjr: Total D(~ab(li.ty; -': .. · b_. .El~cliye offfcia.ls: who a're receiv.!~}eQ~'1I1r-rc.,:::~~4-~fS-1'1f.e}jD:iJ1ent.T.o.~~I D1~_a_b1h~y;and . _. '. . .' salary; . · . · . . .·· :· -~~, Llj . ~ IJ }P-~~~e-~!partial D.1sab111ty'. ~r.· c.: Thos!:) ·employed as ~a:sual, ~ontt:ag~al·, ·l\l:.V2~ 0 UT:· .. · . .. .· . · . . Emergency,· Temporary., ..or-· ·substitu~~=-=~: ·· · ·., · · · ... .. .,· · · · . ·1nJUry . .. .. ~ . . -~rnpJ.oyees .(C2ETS) (LABOR CODE, Art,. ·I · . , :. · · ·..., · ful . h · · ·.-· · .h h : . · ... , 1-7.~(g);· Amende'q .Rule,~·:··on 'f=rriployees .· r)JUry,:mea_~s any.,.,ar:m. c .~r:ige__ 1n ~ _.e· ~m~n . ·. · Compensation · (2014): RULE ~r. . Section . orgarns_m{rom _any ~~c1d_ent arising out of and 1r:i the . . . . -- . 4(1)); ,_.. :·. .. . · ' ·. · ' · . · · course:~f e01~loyn;_e~HLAt:mRp?DE;, Art. 173(k)).. ·2. ·The:frivate·sector coriiprisinQ aWthe.:employed' .. .-.. ·,'Arising.. out of"·.refers .to th~·origin 0·· ·.O ftli . work.ers who are· cqvered by. the SSS (LABOR. .. · · . . , ,i , · .· . . .. . . . . r ca~se e COD£,.. Art. .17~(g): Am,ended Rules on . '. . ?~c1dent .. Ji:1. t~e .~ourse of, ei:n~toyme~t ·, ri:t~rs to . : E_mploye,e·~Compen~alion (.2014), RULE./, Seq. .mJury . that takes. place .. within.. !h~· peflte: Employment ins:!udes· 'not o~ly. '.'tti~.actual_ .· engaged.1.n a_ny tra~e;· !~du.stry ~.i: busm:~~ doing of the work;' but qlsb a reasonable margin of . · undertaking _in· the ·Ph1hppme:>; oth~n,v1se, ·· time and s·pac~ J')ecessary to be.·_used· ir)'passing. to they &hall not be covered by the ECP ·(? · - · and. fro·m the place .where the:work is to l>e done,. CHAN, .supra at '450-_451). where. ,he latter ls ·.~1
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_:the terms ot' employment (1-AZUCl::NA, supra at Note: ECC Board Resolution No. 3914-A, issued on July S', 198~. extends the compehsable coverage of .i;-529). . . : . ~-. . . .. off-premises.injary.from near-the premi.ses up to the' ~t. . Basic Guidelines on Compensable Work:Related residence oJ the .employee. ·It provic_les th.at an·injury Injury: (WOE- I) . - . · .' . . . . or death of a covered member in an accident while \;,: 1. Employee must havebeen injured at the place he i$ going to, or coming frt>m, ·the workp.iace, s.hall . be compensable. provided the 'following conditions where work requires him to·be (Workplace); . are ·established·definitively: ._. ·· ·. · ~: ·2: · Employee must. · have.. been performing his 1 .. Tha.act of the emp'ioyee of go.ing to; dr coming ~l-, . offi.c.ial functions (Qfficjal functions); from, . fhe workplace, must ' have been a :~,,':· 3.. lf..irijury Is sustained elsewhere, the employee · 4·J?. . · must have been ·executing an order 'for .the continuing ac~, that is,.~e had .not·be.en diverted . ' .. there'froni by any other a~tivit.y, and he had .._not ; '. employer ;{!;xec!Jticin of. order) (Belarmino v. . departed ·from his usua~ ·route· to, or from; .his · ECG, G.R. No. 9.0201, May 1-1, 199.0); and .. . workplace: and. - . :-. . . . . : . . The. injur:y.. was not ': due. :"to the employee's- ... · 2. • When ah employee is on a spe'cial errand, the··. · jntoxtcation, willful [ntentlon to injure or -kill · special errand must have· been officia~ and in +umself JJr another, notorious ne·glige'nce or as connection witt:i"his work.. : . . otherwise provided under , this Title. (LA BO,R CODE,·Art. 178).. . . ,. This eompensability ls.sometlmes called the "Street ~' Note~ Injuries. incurred by_ a ·pubfic~health worker./}.} · \_eril Principle" (.1 AZUCENJ(s'upra at 540).. . · while _doing overtime: work sh.all .be presumed wq~l-' Direct ·!em ses u e. •... ':J-;,'-1.' q.'r;,, · '"' [:' ,.:,:;.,"' : ... e . eg,p_oy_e~-~s.rl~a,.n ·~ e .course o · 1s [(_ . TIJe acc1d'eht' should haVt;l OCGtf(red::'afll;l~J>lac~o_f. · ,,XJ emplefyM'~ryb,sf•.~t.(·,Ortjmarilyaffected .thereby. (1. ~; work to be compensable_.·.· . ~~- , .. ::iS"'f2'1) ~~!'.): ,: AZUCEN1.i<,,.'§.__t1f:/J:.a.-a~50). . · · · · ·
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· ~~neral. R~le! Going a-r:id. ·comln~f:-~u)e p) in absence bf 'special circu.mstances:, 1~.~ployee .,"!i;j.J • ,~.. , .t,, . . iAjured·ln. going to .coming from, higlf1a1,eot-'ir&i:k~~:..J~_'IDurii(ig.:11r.iauthorizeddeviation · No i$ ·excluded · frc;im_ -~e beri~fit~_ '('O_rl{f)Ti'eh's ·. . After i:mauthorized deviatron and Yes.· compensallon acts·(l/01fo:Dock &_ Engmefl(!.Q;yo.v. . b.~ck iri.the course of'employmer:it W9C, G.R.·No. L-2634;1, November.. 27, nq8). · · · · . . : . No deyiatior:i; act is.continuous · Ye:s Exceptions: The injury i.s compensapfe,:(W.ISE) .· · ..,.:.,...,..,...,.....--~·---·--,--·-·--=-cc··-----,.,.....---~-~ 1. Whep the lnju·ry.is sustained when the·.employe.e (1 ·J:,ZUCE.N,A; -~Up(a ?l 550). · .. "•. is proceeding to odrom:his work in the premises· · Positional a_rfct'Lo~al Risk~·oodrine • · · . .. · . ; ·of th~ employ~r;· . .. . . .. : If an·employee oy reason of his 'd1.,1ties:js expesed to . 2. !rigre~s:..Egr~ss/Proximity Ru.le ·_ .whe're the a-special or pec.utiar·danger frotri'the.elements, that ~, ··employee is apo1,1t to ent~:r or .apout fo leave the· is; one greater _tha'ri ~hat to' whic~. ottfe~ _persons in, p,remise$ of his employer·'by ·way-of the excfusive· · .. · the· ·community. are · e):(pO!ied, arid ·.-an. un~xpecte9 or c.ustom'ary means c;ir ingress and egre;;s; injyry . ~ occur~, the .'·.injury·. · 'is.' 'compe'nsable :·-' .. 3 .. Special Errand Rule :... Wh.ere the employee is : · AZ1:JCENA, at 5!)2-5,53). . . . )._ charged,'whiie on his way to or from his place o( .. . ~~· . 'employment or. ';!It -~.ii. horhe, .. oi:. duri,ng his Other R.eievant'Docfrjnes -. employment with some duty·or ~peplaf errarid 1 .. Proximate.Cause Doctrine . . . . .cfonnected with -his employment'; or :. . ·. The ·proximate l_eg.€31 cause fs _that" acting first and. 4. . Extra. Premises Rufe/Shuttl~ ··sus Rule - where . producing the . iilju,IY either. im111ectfatefy or·. by . ~. th'e employer,· as_an inc.ident to the .employment, · setting othe'r eveht.s in 'mofio·n.They constitute . provides the mea'ns of trtmspo_rtation'to_aild from a naturai and continuous chain of events, each . . . the place · of employment.- (lloilo . Oock & · having· :a· ·erase· casual. connection · with· its . . -Enginef?ring Co. v. Wee, . G.R. No. L-26341, . immediate. p!'edecessot (1' AZUCENA, supra.·at Nqve:mber.27, 1968)~ ·: · · 529/,. · : ·
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. Where .primary injury is shown to have arisenin · .. the· course. of employment, every .natural· · . consequence that ·flows. from. tlie·injury likewise · arises out of the employment, unless it ,is the result· of an independent .intervening cause -attriqutable "to claimant's 'own. neglig·e.nce.. or misconduct(Bela,:rnino v. ECG, G.R. No: 90204,. ·May.1-1, .1990). · :
Acts done to further the Goodwill of the . b_usiness (1 AZL!CEN~. supra at 5!13).
Acts of Mfnistration Those done · by. a person for .. the purpose· of satfsfying the call ofnature, such as: quenchmq his thirst, relieving himselrby way of urlrration or · excretion, .etc. They. are deemed incidents. of employment, so that lnjur'ies sustalned' thereby ". are· held compensable (1 AZI/C,ENA, suprs .et · 543-544).. . ·.
General -~u'I~:-: Proximate: cause ·resu.lting to · injury ls an 'injury arising out _of theemoroyment. ·
,Excepilon: ·When·. independent intervel'l!ng .-·.Note: Acts. performed by the .employee within cause ensues.attributable to 'claimant's fault.. .the ti[!I~ and space _limits of. \he .empl'oyfTl~nt· to ., . . ~. .· . rninlster to personal. · comfort; ·. -such as 2. ·. 24-Hour Duty'Doctrine·: ·. ·. · satistactlon ofthirst, ti.unger or' other physical · .. Unde.r fh~ ·, 24--hour duty doctrine; members of . · · · ·. demands .or to .proteci oneself from ·excessive-··. .' tire national' police- by the. nature. of their . . cold or heat, shall 'be deerned.Ipcidental 'to the tunctlonsare technically on duty:24.holl.rs a daJ!=_,,......,....,,,,~ employment . and. infuries, suffered in ihe · .• e~c7pr whe_n-th~}'. _on -~acation. le.ave.::ire~!h11 . i 1. ~l\t~{!:11anceof s_uch. _aqts sh'all .be cons!der-ed arisu:1g from police S!,!rv1ce,. alth_.9~h.~t JI} IL.) COfnP.~11~aple· and, ·arising out of an.d m _the · officlal .. line.: pf· ·auty ·.· is .' c9-tJ1Mn~b]ji;;JJ:.-.--=x:c-~-opur~~...0f.~mployment (~cc; Circular No. 03-
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. Fo~ ~he purppse ~f det~11J)l!:l)D'g,,c1~eirs;bili~yl of inJury or d~ath sold1elS aRt:,l~~~hcer·en.an'd .&ii~ j~ . The\fact {ti~t an 'ym'ployee ·Un_intentlona11y falls even firemen by'the nattff~ of'th~rr wo,r· may be-! . . _asle;p wh11~0/t)$trestingat·a proper time ·and , considered ?'n . duty ro~rtitt-r11c1oc~:1 i.. ~P,Wc' .. does\~ngJ..,._!!.~.~?ss~rily:_de'p~i~e .hirn of_ the-· d9ctr1~e. wh_it~ ,t re1~~~~fffie~~brk0p1a9.e:t~C?'. ;.._ r t;(.,~;.ng~~ to. c~rwf::~n,a~oo for· an. ,~1ury. received doe~ !lot d_1spen:=,e ~w1fh)tw·f.wo_rk~c?~n~ct1~n,..~ .......-:-"':;:, · wh1~ so sl~~pmgr1e;J,ccE:pl~~-en his du~1es _are of .. reqLJ1s1te. (GSTS v. :· <,§J~~gr:~. .>R• .J:!6:~.:.:...~~~;.uretas .. to.:~fquire-tilm_ to remain ,awa!<e, · .128524,-Apr'i/_20,_ 1_999}:\(f)\:-. "~ 7 watc;t,i:nan '.1 A7:7-'£?E:NA, . I
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·. r.:,~onligMing,.·or· rei"nderinb:_~E;irvi&es. t .;! . . ; ··. .· .. · · part1es r~sultif'!Q_ in· iryjufy\f:>r _d~a,th'Whe~~(~t~e'~~~Vnch ,!'. ·.. j · · . .. . · ··~ . · · · . . ..: . s~me 'is nQtwork~con~ftcted~~r;i'ot t~ReiJ~J;l~~Cq~nsa~ble '#hE':n injµry c:iccurred during·IUn(?h ... · . (G.S/$. v. CJ,\ & _Alegre, G.R: ~ 1-2!J,?J..4~?!~-~->~et[oo~:~~tier:~e .. :~~~ng ?f the· lunch o~ _.20, 1999).: I,,' ' . . . ~ enupJ,_p es; .premis.es Was With ,,the em~!oye_rs, . : . · .. . . · . · .· • .. -~<~' .· . -~ A. -t'kbo~g·e.~-~d CQ~Sel').t, · ~xpr-_e~s.' u'r .-implied,· N.ote: Tbe 2+hour duty d9-ctnne s))ou.la'>f,1.Q!..._~ lV...i.r-,.."".~e"ept ~tien 1t results from·~n ~nde_pendent act . swe·eping~y applied . to ail' . · aets ancJ?"' . the -er:nployee h~V(l'\g no CQfihection With his · , .. circutrlstari.ces causing the.. _qe~th pqlice.. ·, 0ork or' m,earl or if.t~'e,employee at-Ule. time was , · .offi.c~r but O.fllY to tnose which,. althoughi not' o.fr· . i'ri a piace .wh~re .he had. rii:night .to,be. (Id.),. official: ljne 'of·.duty, :'are·nonetheless' basically· , •' , police ,s~rv.ic~··ih .charact.er. {J:"an9inco. 'v.' GS/S; : .. ·. Union Me~t111g · · ..... G.R, No-:.1n91{?;November ~6, 2001).· .·· .. · · fojury rec::e)ve(:f :at un'ton::.me'etfng .is· n.ot compensable, not being· an !nJur.y arising. out'of '3.,. Incidents of.Employment Doctr:ine .. .'·· , a·nd in the course·ot.em'pl9ymeht'('/AZ.UCENA,: supra at-5~6)._ .· · ·. .. · . .,. .. Injuries_ sµstain.tid.in.· connectfoi:) wt°th aqti; wl')ich "are reasoi:iably incicjental to ttie employment are . Acts'°for the. B'erieflt ·oi the Em.ployer . : . . . deemed. ari~i.ng 9.Ut.of SU_CIJ. employmenJ;· ttiu~ . : .· • compem;a~1e·. Such.. im:idents· of:..work. include: ' lnjury-.arising. out: of anc( in the~·course of his (PD-B~G)' · . . . ... ·, .... : . , . ._em()foyment. . is.~ C~m·p_E'.ln~able . bec.a\Jse. the . Acts: of .fersonal ministrali.on for.the! comf_ort .. ernployee's. :act ·el'.lha,nqes the prestige 'of. the · .. or·conv,eniel"leeoflt,e employe~:·. . .... . -em_ploy,e'rand resuits· !n incre~sed 'patronage of· . ,b: S!ight];le,vi.ationfwm .work, tr.om curiosity or.. , th·e service·ot his employer (1 AZUCENA; supra,. otherwise; . . . . .. . . . . . . . .at_54_7f .· ·· · · ·. · .. ' · ·· · :c .. · Acti,_for-the. .!;!enefi~_of.th~. !3mpl9yer, · d .. Acts.In §merg_enqiei,; and .. · .. 0
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D'oing Work at.Home rt is compensable when injury is· sustained from · work at home done pursuant to the terms of' the contract, express or implied; or pursuant to the direction cir. request . of the employer, except; when . work at home is done voluntarily by. the employee for his own convenience (td.), .
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When an employee's. trip tends· to serve .b?th buslness and. 'personal purposes," ' it. is considereda 'persons! trip if the employee would have- made· such a trip in spite of the failure or absence .of the' business or offiCic!I purpose; and . if the employee would not have made the hip ' . because· of the failure of the' private' purpose · · .. . : thereof, and the non-fulfillment 'of the. business ·Acts during En:re'rgency. ·.. . . purpose. ...- · . Injury sustained while.doing an act outside ttie However, if the employee.would have made the . SGOpe of his usual duties where such. act was . tfiP. nonetheless despite- the failure 'or absence . reasonably necessary or·incidentai to his regular .: of the private .purpose thereof, the trip is held a. work, partlcularly it an emergency existed. And . · ·busin'es,strip;'erid · . ·· -,: · . . . a·lthoughno ··emergency.or reasonable necessity 3. Wliether a trip to pe'taken 1bY.an employee in the existed callin'i:J for the performance of such act, . ·.. 'interest of both the employee and his or her workman is-allowed compensation if.it was done employer is to be regarded as the latter's, so as in the furtherance-of the ernptoyer's.businessor to' warrant allowance .or . compensation for . pursuant tohabit or custom (1 AZUCENA, supra · injuries the employee may suffer· in the course at 547-"548). . .... ' . . . .. . . there9f,.od'1e' employee's interest, is in a sense ?· · /')' . a question - of fact. Such a questlon must be ':".r 4> Spaciaf Engagement Rule .. · determined by the application o( some. legal i.·,;_. . 'special Enqaqernent Rule covers . field· t,nP,S,i'/t·,o:,\ tests or.standards '(1-AZUCENi,'supra at 550outings, lntramurals and. plcnlcs when initi~\fi~ .. : \t;,\ . 551). · · · and sanctioned Q.y the employer · (The ES.Pp, { ,_. rz:»; . _...., . '. . Joumei, Vol. II, Nos._ 1 and 2 (1990), p. ~§J{.7. c.:.:::.'f;-;:f,IU::&9ll~!:!/r~(~Jeure _ _ .. Gene'ral;R.ule: .Employer is· riot responsible for_· Where __ an· employee is · injur.(g,,.·rwhile af.l:-:Ji. accidenij~rising· from.ecte of God, hence not recreation.durin~ .a temporary ces}.a,JJo~.of:~o,~~,,-,..,···1,\, comp~~s-al>~f (1 AZ4;JCENA,siipre ";:it 5q2). · 1hEl injuwis compensa.ble. as:,~,r.is}ng}lwt.:of an.d ·. I;! . .' · f . in , th~_: co~rse ._' of. ~~p~~Jfllent ~~~? th~\: .t:\ Exc_w.titjp: . \: . .. recreation_ ·inqul_ged · m{/~'f.l}S !~t~,red".an?'•, l":'5. · . Po~on~.'--~~~~ca.1nsk~ do_ctrme . .. . ei::icourage~. f?Y ttJe emPJAyerc--:to~(]l)eno:.:;:9f: ·t-;,1_ . ~t~~n]fr.i!i1.·m·~fi~i.'courseof. his· e~ployment .~ efficiency.of their service·(1'~U9f!tf1'.·,-~upt:li'i!J- - [-;~_J reas~~a!Jl~.:r.~'qi'.iiredto.be· at a particular P.lace at . , 551-552)' : _ .'<:.~!'Y''°:,\. · 'j/ ;.;/. . ·a particular t1~e'::!n<;I ther~ meets _an·accident, . - -. ,~ r:, •· .J~,w,....711althou.gh one)Nh1~h.any.other_pe~son then and· 5. o'ual . Purpose·· and Mingling of. :sense of being uriforeseer:i·i,!nd one for which . at the'same. time sor.ne person'al purpose. The· . the. injur.ed. party is not. leg'ally responsible'; (1 · req1,1irement is'that the servic~ of the empl9yei' ·AZUCEN~. $Upra at 554). · is at least ·a. concOrrerit c:ause of.the trip of the etnploy~e - (EC.C:Reso'tution No. 9!1-08-0469, .The death•.ot·an employe-e due. to a mu~deraus . : 1<-ugust;11•. 199[}). . . assal!Jt . is, co_m~ri~able . when .the .same·· · ' occurred in the course. of the performance ·of The Appli'catio~ of. this Po.c.~rimfls subject lo t-he official fun<;:tions (ECG ·circula/.No: 03-709, II foilowing guideline_s: . : . . (a); ..J~}Y22; 20~9). . 1: . A. aori(ingehcy or' injury an . employee. suffers· · d1:1ri.ng a trip t~a.t ~erves both business and The motive ot assault need not be establi~hed it .. personal-purposes.·is deemed 'Withinthe c,ourse . the covered employee susfaineo . the (hju ry of'empioyment; . . . ·.. : . . .. . . while: .
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Th·e employee was ·. p.tth~. assigned/designated workplace; or b. · The .. employee was ~xecuting. orders· of ~mployer, regardless of the time ahd place bf the-incident (l=CC G/fculaf No. -03--709, 11 (P), July 22, 2009): .
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No Compen~ati:on if · the Injury, Death, or Di~ability ls the Result of the Employee's: . (WINO) . 1. · Willful in~ention to . injure or kill : hlrns~tf- or._ - another; ·· 2. Intoxication; . 3. t:l_otorious negligence;: cir . 4·. . Qlherwise· provided by the Labor Code ((ABOR ..CODE, Art: 178):: •
. M,otive Of assauli is important in C?Ses where the· covered employee was on vac.atlon leave, 'pff-. duty, or was at . home when . the· .. incident . · l"ntoxjcation · happened. Qisclosure. of the .motiye 1s "an aid. in The "intoxication" w_l:lich· will preclude compensation determining t_he causal c61i'neclion between tbe for-injury res.ulting ·t(:lerefrom ·consists in be;'ng under incident·and. the employmerit ·(~CC CircularNo .. the: influ·ence ~f into_xicating liquor to the _extent-that 03-709,· 11. (c).,.July22, 2009).·. ·; · · .·: · · . . . ~ . ... . . . ··.. . . : . one is· n·9t_ entireJy himself or sb _that hi.s ju_d_g_ment is·. . impaired, ·B;nd his c!ICts, words, ~r conduct is visibly Rules on· Injury· or .:Death hf the -Cotirse o°f · Assault: . ·· · . . . .· · . · · impa_ired. _(1 AZUCENA;supra at 587). · : a. When . the. _injured:. was the· .. urilawfu·I · . ·· aggressor,:·- not: compensable (Ma,buhay __ : ~ lntoxlcatlon · which _:does not incapacitate the· · ShippinrJ Services, Inc. v. NLRC; $.fi,f"'N6.-:-;'ff'r'!pJSfi.:~e · from followinq '.his occupatlon · is· not 9,4167, Jan~ary 21, 1991);_ anc&:?"':.·~ . · 1·1f.Fc1~11t~,!~feat. the_ recovery of -compensation, . 9, When· the ·injured was .tt,~;::v,J,~fift\·p~th~---=.:Jli\~ghJtli~-\t[1to.x1cat1onmay be a contrlbutory · assault and it occurr.7d-.J~!~et~is~f ·. · ~u~" oJ,~~-;~j~ry (GSIS v. Mec_ey,e;-G.R. · No.. perf~rmance of -~fffcrajt g _}..tin9~s.,..-~J'h""';d.~18~,~~l~.:1.~~07)._. · . . · ·· compensable ·(Lente;a jv,.~e<,f G'fR. N~~ nr; .. , °:"i\ '\"'""' ..?"'\ 't!I . . -, · · , 89168, May 14, )99.1J ,-,~,,/}!: ·Jr .:t~~d1ti,f1S'~'?;_t~r\ lntoxicatlon ~- _-t~ .. Bar JI. . :-l.-ompe'l:satio~fJPl'1~) . . ,. . . 7. · Violati~n-?f. the E1"1plgfe"'"JJ:.~U_lg_afed»Rule~. ~,.,•.t....;tbei~ry,u~t\p7-t!~rowof actual Intoxication; . Act~ ~1th!n the :~Ph~ref'l·p--hUmployrrent~.~t....,,. ,.-~P1~-1ntox,c~tif,lA""m*stbe _[extrer.neJ _10 s.u,ch a carried ou_t · tn· _.YIOl;:ltl{n oJ,,f~Orne, ,erplo~~_,~ ~ ~de.grfe ~at fll ~1.oyee~IS [ncapacltated ~r.<:Jm . promµlgat~<;i rules· are q?fr.l~,i;i~ablr'wil: f·. ·:-. su~sft~allyfj ·'eng_~~ing m employment and a. The violatiqn of -the'-ruJe1,ts~lf aid- . o(btiJ1~ c:-P·e 9: ,}n_g . about the cause hf -~~'~iaJc~, en~roP-1ee rri.tox1_c,1on"~.ulstbe the,-Ero~tmate cause of .. · the fact that the- dnv\r· of .a ',t(ucl<\~~.,Jst.i. ~~ ~Jury .5J( d~~tn/and ·. . ·· .. _ · family· al~ng an. offici~~riP;, i,':, iolatl{{(l mto};tc_a~o~·lust·not only be the prqx1rnate sta~dlng company reg.ul1;1,t1on, d~._ot... e~s:1~-....::--~~ _u~e ~r th~ lnJ,WY but the er:nploymE\nt must n_ot_ .· .. c.ompensatlon; . · .. '\.._. /~-:;.- ~-:-l£N"~b .-:~'.1'~g~tnbuMgcause (1 POQUIZ! supr._a ·at _b ... There_ w~s. ~~~bt _th~t .th,e.e~lqy~Ef~:lit0~-::"':~~\,;:)()/_.. . . . · .. · ·. . ·. . of the proh1b1t1on. ~1olatron th~F.ebf ~J"hot. 1$te'd')n]4rles and Suicide~· · · . . .. d::3te.~t c~r:n1?ensat1on'.. ·._espe~,;if~..::_"the: .. V.ll:L'.f.b.~jt.jfy ~Ost be intentior:ially ~elf-inflict,ed, w~ich . viol~t,?n d!~ not _cause_l~~ a?c1dent; .arnf"~ontemplate~a delibera_te · intent on· th~ paft of the c. The .violat,o_n "."'as..not.1nt_ent.1?n~)-but due to ·. · employee, not a failu're oh his partf qt insanity or mehtal sickness c.om·pe.n_sabie {1 AZl:l.CE!yA,. suprt:i"·at·!J60-. · · ·. may be pres~nted to .negate the _require'ment of .'·.·. 56·1). · · · ·. · · ... · ·willfulnei,s _as .a .matter··ot. ·-e.ou,nter7~efense./Agile . · MaritimeRespurce$Inc. v.·Siador; G.R. No. 191034 . . -~ Qctobe_r1, 201·4). · · · . · · . · · .... · ' 8. ·Bunkhouse· Rule . · . -·:.. · .. Wher,e·-the employee': is required tb. stiiiy.. in .the· -G~netal R.ule:. No· cC:impen~atlon for. djsa.bility-and premises o_r Jn quarters. furnisbed by the death resulting fr9ni a deliberate or willful act ori his employer, .'injuries:susfained .therein are in the ?Wn.life (M~buhayShippingSetvices, Inc., v. NLRC, · .... co"urse 'of el'!'lployment regardless ofthe"tir:ne the . .G.R. No. 9_4167, January21, 1991) .. : · · _ · sam1;1.occurred (ECG c;irc'ular'No. ·03-709," I (d),· .. JUI}' 22, 2009).. · . · · . . .. · · . Exceptions: .· ... _ 1. By the. agi-ee.in(;lnl · of-' the j),ar:ties (NAESS Shippiri"?} PHL .Ii. · NLR.C,: G.R. No:. 73441, September4,, 1987.).;• and ·
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Wh~n the employee was no longer in complete ··~·. · . control of his rnentat faculties prior to his death if•: . (/n(e;orien_t Maritim_e Enterprises v. Pineda, G.R.
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. The deg~ee. of proof [Ei'quired is merely substantial -evidenca, which· means "such relevant evidence as . 'a reasonable· mind might accept' .as· adequate to support a,.conclusion .. It is· sufficient .that the hypothesis on which the workmen's claim is based is probable since probability, not' certainty. is lhe. . touchstone (Castor-Garupa· . v.: ECG, ·. G.R. · No. 158268; April 12; 2006) .. ·. . .
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· 1~.:-.Not9.riQus Negljgenc;e is.:a dellberate act 'of the ; .empioye~· to" disregard his own personal safety (1 :· AZUCENA,.-supra at.589). · .. .
./. General· .. Rule;. Not6rious'· negl_ige~ce resultin'g in ·~: 'serious ·ir,ju~y or death. of. the , employee is not .: : compensable · ($.olidum v. .GS/S; ECO: Case No. · ·
. C~nc1itio11~· for Comi:>ens'abilify.of Occupational plsease and . ·Resultlr,g Disa~ility. or. Death: (REEP) -, · · .·· } ·. ·'406{ November_23; ·19[}8) .. · · · · , -. 1: ·Employe·e'.s work and/or.the.wo.rking conditions , must inv?lve · the·. B)skls_ that .-paused the \'i · Exceptions; · • development of the 1lfne.ss; . . · eit;:. · .) . Latk of imo.wJedge or awareness. of .the peril or 2. The disease w·as contracted as a result of the tfie seriousness or the exisflriq danger; dt employee's .!;xpos.ui'e'to thedescribed risks: ·. 2, . 'The unexpectedness, under. tJie circumstances, 3. The diseasewas contracted withl°n-th~ period. of "~-: · · of t~e accident'(1 AZUCENA, supreet 589-590). gxposure ~nd under such factors necessary-to ..; : • • • • : -,c ••• • t ·1 lt; d '. _., ·. . . .· , . ,/"'-,- . ron rac ! ; ah . . . '. · .. . . SICKN~~S AND OCC_UPATIONAL_DISEASE /;:;:--;_( 4. There was no ~e.hberat~ act onthe part of the : . ·.. . . . · . . . . .. · · ( , -{ / · · "-. . · . employee to. disregard the safety mea~ures or Sl<;kness i$_ ~ny illhess d1;3fin_itely accep,ted as: \'.f:'0 '· ' .\_,'.'\ . ignore -~st<;iblished · waming ·.. or '_precaution 1 .. Qccu_p_ati.on~Idisease listed by.the .' . ;, (<.'.:d~;.~,--.:.(Amen<J.f;d Rules orrEmployees' 9orilpens.ation_ .. · Co~_m1ss19r-1;·_or ·. . .- . : : . . ..(;/.(;: _ _.,-j;,:~:".:t1•:i?(?O.J:/!lt'ffqnex A, p. -27). · . · ·. · · .. 2.· Cau,sed ~Y employment, ~ubJect to pr6cif'that'-.J --·~•!.!......,;t::t "" · ·' . . . .· · ,. _ : the n:51< of conyac;;ti_ng:the..same i~-:J(e~eased·by\ __ 1 . · E_xampl_es W~!«~cr~ased Risk" Jops: .(_PG-CLIP)· .. ~:. . · ·work!ng cond1t1ons (LABOR COfi!J;,f71rt: 17~-J':..J\S 1. eeacei~~ef?i~gJobs:: · .. : · .. ·. · . . · ,:,_ '. 'par. (/)). . · . ·· . . . . ...,,tf~c1.::=:;,' ?_ [;l? .. 2.. .)ob ?f)§~1ar~tngp~OpQity;_ . . . .'. . ·,· ·~. . ·1 ·· fi\ 3_. Job· ·fvol1ving,~atTylngOf· .1110iley and valuabf<::i's; . ...,_. .· ·unctei-:., ~ec. 1 (~). ~ule._-111, ii].il'l:!l~~en.tifo~.P.D. N&~·- ),::\ 4. J~~px_po~ing~e employee to.direct contact v.,.ot~ }"- · 62_6, ai;.am.~n~ed, for the deat_hl~t9o.e.~1::~iP.~~s~J~-- ~;;~ : ~~~~~~~':;J~~-~fl\.l;i(1.e. b~rte.nder,. bµs .or- tax, -/. · clatmc'!n.ts must prove·that: . -..i. . {("..:..-:<;"t· ~t·}· fF-; · dnv-E~!,r~9Hqy,$J.or)(BaJf!ngas, -r:ransportation Co,· ,: ... 1. ·H_i~ sick~ess was)he"result~ffr.11;9ccft~atlon,rl · v. Ve/a Oi:FRiv~ra, G.R_, ~o·: L- 7_65?, N!ay__8, ·. h · d1~ease ·Hst_ed \mde_r· ~nex. A~§f·th~ Ryles 'of :· t,;._ : 1gsf?); . . . · : .- . ·.. , .: ·. :~! ~roployees Comperisatiqn,:or . · ("c._,_~~. . · ,t:,!i·,.,~ l:),,~·~,J99 _exposm~ the employee ~o !llr:iess; and . . . (. · ·.2. · The · risk: · of · co_htracting ·'the tdi.sease· ..:W<}~~,.,,,•9 ~-~~~~!l1_\1'.9l:ving frolo~ged .sittlng:down -a11d putting ·': .· . . ···i1:1cr~as~d .by his,wor.king. conditio1~·~ (Bar.qo.l v. _off _urination (B_arrios,.v: EC:.C, G.R,:f\Jo,· 148089, E~C; G._'~:.No. _148089,-M~rch _2_4.~~~tj. ·. Ma~ch ?4, _200_6). · . _ .
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·occu'J)aFo~~I D'is'eas~is on·e which,res~·ltst'roh'i the· .:natl;Jr~. o~ , the. :employrnet;it· _1;3y. n-at_1.:1r.e.· is 1rieant conditions. 'to. wflich _c;11f' employees of.' a·· ciass are· · . subJe'ct, ~nd which.pr.odu.ce· ttie disease· as a 'natur.al . ir:iclden'tofa partict1iar:occup·~tiori:(1 PO QUIZ, supra:·
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Test qf Cbrripensa!)il.ity, · . · : .< ·. · , .. . What the law·requi~e~)s reasonabje\vC?i'.kcorinecti<;>n . and not a dfrect causat' relat.ion.: l.t is -suffident that . the hYPottfosls on·· whic:h .ttie. workmen's ·claim, is: . based. is probable "since .probabliify, riot certajnti, is the' touchstone (Castot-G'anip!:Jv. ECG, G.R.- No: 158268, · April 12, 2006)_. ... .
. Theory bf Increased.Risks".·. . . .If. the ··ailmen( ·-is ·not . induded in'• 'the 'list 'of f . occup~tional diseases, the 9laiinanJ has. the. 01,irden} · ot proving that the.11ature. of the!' werk 'increas'ed the risk of.c1;mfractiqg·tf'le_disease'(GS[$v.. CA. .G.Ft No. 1 ~{208;:Ja.nuary '28,.200l3). . · .. /.:. .,, ·. . . . .: . .
i . For: ·i~cr:e;:ised"risk f~eory ·to -~PPIY. in ,.CO'!'Pei.)s~tion, ·\ · .ca~es;· ·there must be· a· reasonable· proof. that tbe ;~ . : empfoyee.'s. worfridition, .· incre~ed his. risk pt . , contrac;tlng. -~· d~$e1 .or that there. is: a ~nnecUen \ · between his wo·rl< and~ caus~·ofthe disease (G$/S v. Bf!sita_n, -G.R.·.No. 1·78901, _Novem~_er23; .2011).
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. Ther~ must'be a proof of causal cori'nectio'n'betwe~n. the disease and his work. The· claim'ant "Cannot , me'.eiy: rely_ on. p're_s1:1ry,ptio:n of-.c·auiality in favor bf · cqmpers~bility of an lll(less without' estabiishing Qr. even mentioning the risks that cot.Jld.have·caused or at lea'st. contributed to - the disease·. contracted (Talo'sig·v. United PH l;.ines,, Inc., $.R: No. 198388. July 28, 2014): · ·. · '.' · · · · Note': Where the cause, of the d.isease is unk(lown, the .:theory of increased .risk becomes applicable (PfJnotes- v>ECC, G:R. No, L-64802, September ~3;
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2919 SAN-~E(?AlAW
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SQC·IAL ,:L.EGISLA Tl.ON SA'r~. BEDA IAW BAR OPERATIONS . CENTRALIZED . . .
su·mmary of.Ernployees"
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Compensation
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Rehabilitation services. (Amended Rules. on ~mpfqyees' Compensation.(2014), 'Rule IX, · as ariu~nded:byECC. Board Resolution No. 14-07-19, series· of 2014; February 19,
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MEMORY . AW 2019
Extent of Services.
Services · . , a. Medical services (e.g .• ward:services) .. · · Note:· ·The medical services are' limited to . Ward services of ail accredited hospital and accredited physician {Amended Rules on · Employees' Compensation (2014), Rule
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The.employee is entitled only to ward services o(a.n . accredited hospital and accredited physician. If an .. · employee chooses an accomrnodatiorr better than ward: services. the eXC9S.S Of the total amount Of expenses incurred over-, the benefits, ·shal(be borne by the employee (Amended Rules on· Employees' Compensation (2014); Rule.,Vf/1,.:Sec.3). . ·· . · ·, · · · · ·· ... Note: ·-'.Ward" · '1means a hospital that · can . .accornmodate 6 or more patients (Ainerided Rule« on' Bnployees,. Compensetion (20.14); RuU/.illll,
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c. · Physical tehab.ilitatiqn ·. (e.g., physical · ,. · · · therapy) (ECC B,qard Reso1u(ionNo. ··14.-07, The System nas the authority to choose or order a February 19, 201.4);' · · : · · . chanqe of. physician, hospital .or. reh~biliti1tion f<'.)cility · d. · Vocational . assessrnent/traintnq . (e·.g.. . "for the employee and shall. ricit be liable· for . . Vocational education) (Id.) and · compensation for any ag·gravation9f the employee's · · e .. Vocational placement'(~.g:, job plac¢m~,,_.,J!]~ or· -sickness ' resulting ·from· .unci~thorize!;i . · · . . (Id.). · . .,,/-' · if. ;· ·.ihap1Je~y the employee pf-'· medical services, 2. · Cash lncom.e. Benefi~s (Lossfi·· ~time \_ )l:j~~l_i~f'CE:?~is~~pli~s. hospitals •. · .. rehabilitatlon . Benefit} due to: . ~·/"" ~.1'.....="',.;.-,,:a:;f~1li1iesor pliy~1c1ans (LAB QR C,ODE; .~'!· 1.92). a: Temporary To~I D(sab(li\lt' . ~~~. ·_ .' : '::-~ .. ~')> ·.. . · . · · . · . " . b. · . Permanent Total D1sab~J ; .,....,,-,..:~~_,....._DISJM31clt(~~Y' · , -~ ' . ' -, c.· . Permanent Partial DisJii?l[JY-1,.apclf:;,r .'r!'J} · 'lf': ~t!t.'1~_a"!tflo~i:9i;}lr;ij1\1!m:ient of aphysicalor mental d. : Death. . , J.l V.·f . .ff . 1r.' %J~ ..fl~mcti9n\resu~!'19 f!Olif.l mj1Jry ·or ~lckn~ss (LAEJOR ... 3, .Carer~s allow~nce"- ·pr~vided ~ an ~mploye.e CODE, 1rf. .J78.(@f) \ :. · · who .suffer~ from a· wor~-b2Pl1icted pi'rf,:icJneii'l'..•. 1 . P.~rtfai'and pe~man~nttcj,tat:di~'t_?jf{(!~is:~bii.ty compe'ns41ti~m,'i~ _ is.!°lo.t the.inj_ury which . :: aUl;lnd to their n~eds ("F,£f;i,llffe;>Drcl. R.,.solulkJf~ef.m.iL1iwt~rr:Pn.saJe~.tb1:1t:r.al1e.r·1t 1s th~ mi;:ap~city to w~rk_ . 90,·12-0JJ90 ,n re1,i~15.f.,....,t~:EtOJJ.fjp, 1!4~asrry-iiT1t-ofo.ne's~arnmQcapacity . (20·/3)).. . .' . . . i\ t,. !(Vj, ~\: . }'...£":3i ·I , ,i{[iT-ffi ~hipP,/n~.;,6bJ.Unc., · .v, .Ba/a{;fCJ, -G.:R No .. 4 .. Dea,th ~e,:ietlts ~ gmnlur\o l:lt:N~fi~14t~\},t~.1~ 1¥-..:.f.9~~3~ , . s.rc{Jf3,~d1A1 ;., . · . . . employ.13~ 1~ the event of\ork-co~nectetl"tiec:ll~ ... ,.. ·1 ·.if· . ·. , ... · ·. ·.. . ·. · · .. Pei:ith·.'~_nefi~S ~ha,11. ~rs,9.\_~e g,1}~te_d"t~(t.~,.Aa-rejr6rie.~~of.D1sa, 1htr · , . . · · . . . .b1:mefic1a.nes in .c.ases wh~r~ the ca~~~ .0r 4\fi"'e"J~\:~l'er:rJ!X>ral'.}'. Tof'.il Q1~a~~hty. · . . :-. ' . ~.eattt-.·of .th,.e:ef!lployee is_ .<'.)~on;iph~ti~~r-..cI ~';b'i'!?a:r~IJ,,!!of.«nJury:or_s1<;:k~ess, the ~mployee 1s . t1at.u,:al· c,onsequence of h1s/he~,~of{i~f.~~le<:1~-":'4.rf@l,)t~~rfor:m any· gainf.ul .'l?c::cupation for a . permah?.),t'. tqtal · disability · (£@~.;.;......t:J_,<jard· ]\ f,l\:l,~n~~e!,Js·perfod .rio.t exc¢eding.'120 d<:1ys (1 . ·. R~s.olu~onN(!. "1.0-09~116, Septerqber.'2'i.~Zf?Jf1i~ .:.:._~-tJCEt:-JA;sqpra at ~11 ). :. · , . ·: . . · P.O. No. 626; as amended,Art. -UJ4,par. (b)). · .. . .. . . · . ., · . ' ·· · . . . . , . . , The :continuot1s,inability to work dul'l to- a· Wo'rk-'. . . Jll!edical .Be~efits· . . .. ·: . related,illne~s ~or ~·peri<;>dof mote·thtm.140 days... ·• . Immediately after an employee contracts sickness or. . , rieed. not l:>Ef .qualified by a. d!3clafation of fitness .. sustains· an. ,injury', he shall be proyided.·.by. ~t,-e... . . ·to work by a com'pany,design~tectphy~idan for . System ·au ring the subseq\Je.nt,period of his disability : · .. it'to: b~.consider~~- a~.a per.~anen! total d\sability . with.Su.ch medical. s.ervices and appliances 'as·tt:ie .(Barko)nte.mfltlOnal,.lrc., .v. Alcayno, G,.R.. No, . . -nature.-of 'his s.lckness or.injury .and 'pr-ogre~s ot his. . 1,88'190, April 2.1, ~()14). :.. · t-·· may.i:equire·(LABOR ·: · ...reco·v'ery . ~ .. . . CODE, Art 191). . . Peri~d-.o°fEntitle.merit . . · ·: · .' . '. · . . . . ~erio~ of Entitie~·~nt · . , . . • . . ··The lntoir,ie benefit ·Shall, b~ p.aici.'begi~ning ora .. the'first day, pf such.disabUity. If i:aus.ed by an . The. s!;)):v.i9e.s·stJall be pr:~vided.'to.the. e~p!oyee: .: .. · injury.or sicknes~. it shall not·be p:,:iid Jongehtian . · 1. Beglnnin.g.wi.th ~he first day.ofinjury-or sickness; .. ·120. cohse.c;;uii,ve d~~ ·except.where.s.uc.h injury : 2 ... During the sut>sequent period of d.isabil)ly; and . .. or. sicknei;s stiil . re.quires'. r'riedical 'attendance 3.. · As the prdgf~SS of . hl~ 'recovery ·may. req1,Jire '·. ~eyond 120 days' ~ut nano exceed '2.40 days· . (Amen{le
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assessment, a thira do~tor ~ay be agreed jointly between the employer. and the Seafarer. !he· third 'doctor'sdectston shall· be 'final and. biridin~ on both parties (North See · Marine Sentices
(AmendeJ:IRules on, Employees.' Compensation (i014), Rule X, Sec. 2, (a)) .. ·
Corp., v.·Enriquez, e.s: N. 201806, August 14, 2017).' · '. ' .
Effect .of Relapse After. an employee· has.fully recovered from an. · illness as' 9u'ly · certified to 'by ttie··· attending · physician, the-period covered by any relapse he suffers, or recurrence of his illrtess, .whfch 'results in. . disability . and is determined . to be' compensable, ·sh.all be considered independent of, and separate from, the period covered by the· . oriqinal disability in. the computation.. of 'his . · income benefit· 'for - temporary total ~fsabili.ty
'NQte: If the .. 120 days initial period is.exceeded.· and no' declaration of' the worker's ·fitness or permanent dlsabllity to -work. is rnede because. : the seafarer requires further rnedical attention, · then the temporary totaldisabillty p.eriod may be· , extended'upto.a maximum of·?40 da-ys;·.suqject ·· to the right of tha.employerto declare within this period .that' -psrmanent partial or total disapility . I already exlsts ('TUfaPingv, MST Marine Services'
a
(E;CC ResolutionNo. 1029.;·August jQ, '1978) ... · . . . .
> ~ ·When Temporary Totaf DJsablflty Becomes · .Phils., t}R;·:No. 202113, June 6, 2cJ.18). · · Permanent' Total-Disabllity· .· · An employee's ·disabil(ty becomes permanent . . Amount of Benefits·: · .l and total when: . -· . . . .. . . . . . lncome.benefit equivalent to 90% of his average a. Declared·.' by· the . company-de~ignaj~efi%\. .. . .~aily-salary·credit subjecttothe following: · · physician (within the 120 : or .. a: . Benefit shall not be- less than _p19 or more trea~rrient period);·or- · .. ·· · .. {f'..>:'·;·~·: -thari P??~;·.hor·pa!~ longer th.an _120 devs, · . b, In case of:absence .ot S':]Ch ,a ·declaraJJ.q~~-- ~ ."··.:~~-----un~ess .lJ1JUry. ~r sickness requires more . . eithe.r of fitness or permanent total 9isab11lt~.l'} tf}h1~1;?.XlE:J'tsive treatment that lasts beyond 140 . upon· the lapse- of the. ·120: 9r.~2;{6-day""· [· --...:_days·'.~or·exc.eeding 240 day.s from the onset . : tr~atm~n~ pe~iod, ".°"h.ile. ·th,e:ye"!;Pl<>yeei~·t . of di~~tility, in Which c_ase h~ sh~!' be.p~id d1sabihty_ -i;;on!1nues -and he_),1~1 bepe~~t /or te!:Tlporary tot:31 d1sab1hty dunng engage .m· ga1pf~l .ernployn:ier:i~d).{.f~~1-sucll !.'. efaer},g (P1 Q.00 - P200.00 per day, . peric,>_d'. .. ·and: the · JpJi1p_any:q,e.srgrtat faxil7iµfr\_29 days)·. (f,,:r,encf.'ed Rules: oh . phys1c1an ·fails to t~fc!i'¥.~ ,ab)-!::~.,z.i,:..~;:.:'~"-'"::':,q°W~.JY,·Sec. 5): .' · . · , ... :·_. . .' ... ·. · ,pa'yment ~f. permanent. total disalj>-mlY.·.b.e,:t?fits. · ·· (9.SG·Shipmaoagement Manila v. P~l~;'M.~.R. 2. · Pe.r'r'nanent Total P.isabiiity . ,, . . N,d 1983,67,August 6, 2014). · It. m~an~." incapac)ty. peqorrii· g:a)~.ful · W?rl< · . .. : · .. .. · · · .: · · · ! ·· · whic~ is expett~d·-to·.be.=.peffhanent. TliiS· st~~Us .·. Qisagree-m!int .. · be.tween' '·~ C.on'lpany. dO(;}S not' re.qui.re a con'ditfon qf 'CO!Tlplete .. D~s.lgnate·d .: . Physici~n .aod .. : . · EinplQy.~e~ . tielplessnesS:. Nor. is it .. affected . by , the Designa.~ed ·Phy~ic1an ·· .' . · perform
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·'When a Thir~ ·o6ct~r May'.Agre~ ·. · · Seotion '20(B) ·of the· POEA,SEC ·provides, that · the ·sEfafar:er is: 'entitled.· to ·sickr19ss: .~ilow.ince until he is declareq fit to w.ork. or:' the degree:of · permanent 'disability.has been assessed by the company-designated physician !)ut .ih .no case · ',shall, this period 'exceeo 120· days. If a doc.tor ·appointed by. the se~farer disagrees with: tl:l~
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following disabilities shall. b~ de.emed -'total:ancl .per.manerit::(TEL~PIN!). '., ' . .· . . a. Iemporary· , . total · : disab,ility ·•· lasting · continuously for.more:tlian"120.days, ·except . as otherwlse provided for in tlie Rules; ·. b. Complete loss of sight' of bot~ gye.s; . c-. loss .'of two Limbs at or above the. ankle or .
wrist;
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As disti'nguished from Permanent tofal
TM . test ·of whether an:· employee .. suffers from ·
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Period of Entitlement· . the monthtylncome benefit -shait be guaranteed for: 5 -years, .. and shall be suspended if' the . · employee is· g.ainfully. employed, or ·recovers. · from · his permanent total· dlsablllty,· or. fails to · present himself for .exarnination atleast once a. . year .upon .notlce 6y the System, .. except as , otherwise provlded for in other:·.laws,aecrees or · . LettersJ:>flnstructlons (LABOR (;QDE; Art. 198 . (b}). . . ' . . . .
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Note: Benefits tfue an employee due to work·r~lated sickness 'shall· be· provided until he . becomes gainfully employed,: or until his re;::o\iery•. or' death (Manioso v. GSIS, G.R '!o. 148323, April 29,.2005}:
d. Permanent complete f~ralysis of two limbs; e. · Brain injury resulting in Incurable imbecility or Insanity; and · · Such :cases ·as determ,ined by the Medical . f. Director ·of the System and a'pproved by·-the. Commission (LABOR CODE, Art. 198, par. .. (c)).'
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"permaneni · total disability" a .. showing of tt1e ·capacity of the e'rl)ployee to conunue performing his · work notwithslanding the disability' he incurred . . (Vicente v. EGG, G.R. . No. · $5024; . Jan1.1a1J1 23, 199J). . ,' . . . ,• .
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E~tning. ·capacity May· Still Be Impaired Even if . ,Earri\rig.,is Higher:After the lr:ijury:" . . employee .who.recelves highe(. wages ~fter the. · · injury than what he,. earns _l?efore rnay .st1!1 have. · suffered an impairment of.earnlnq capacity (General -=-~~:_arera.bgri.Pedro v, O.e-L'ebii; G:.R. No. L-1~036'..·
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~1s~b1l1\ybenems_1fth~·f1t-t~::wor,1<~9,e!ft~c_a~~n1s b i' ~,~~ . . .. · .. · · .. · . . . . .· · issued more than :.120 ~ay~ fro~r!'us(repptJJ~~..99,.""-= ...=-~jg!~S J~;-·'tJ'?,Jth an.d. d1sab1h!y· benefits are , . (Valenzona · v.. Felr Shipping pgrno"ttiJl';}l);:f'G.R. · ·. . . gover,qfcl.b¥,-,P\e\~ontract. of'employ~ent-as long No., 176884, -Ociober .19, _tq,~aw, m~ral~. public order, or · · ·· .., ,f.l,~h ·"' J. · .· i0 f ~,ubhc-~011~.~j \\ . ·.. . . suspenston of Income 'enefitsl / 1.r .. .J~ .: .1~e em, (oyme~t of ~~afarers, including claims for Monthly incom"E: b~nefjr can 1Pe.: s4spended · ~ death a:~ ~di~lii.!!jy°}l:l'enefits, is· qoverned by the under: ~ny of the followl ·. ~qJfions: (fM~~.t . . . - c2~f!:a~ they .'~r~g"?-~~~ry_. ti~e · th~y ar.e-·.h)r~d or· a.· Failure of the_empl . qJ presel'\t hims..~fn. .;_"fefiired,pna as ~ong ~s~the stipulations therein are for l;xaminatioti' at jeast •. · F;ailur~ to.s_ubmit a· .~~erlif M~Jl; :il+repq, ,pi. ~:;,§hip fMaDag,~meryt /ntematidnal, Inc. v. certifie.d by the atten~11\l_g ~h'5(sicia No:!175119,f,·Decemb.er 10, 2012). . . c. ~omple~e- or . ·full i,recov~'1v · fr~) ~~\t' . pe,rmanent disability; or; · · · :·'\.~ · -. ·. ..-"N~fo/Itmus1 be·sh5>,W,:i-thatthe injury or illness was: d: . Upon bei.ng Qainfully ~ployed ·f~m n~o,;fiTN"ff(~act~.ef'during.J,Jie term of.:the employment. The. Rules on Employees'-Comp)~atio!],:'Rul~i,~-tfrrgy_atiff~ppra,se·· "during_ the term". covered 'flll' " · Sec. 2). . . · · . '...../G0"7~-=ift]ur:if$...;~~!lie-tses occurring cfµring the lifetime of .- . ·. : . . .' .. : -- . . ,~. V..(., . a~~Q.,o'htr99.(" (Wal/em Maritime S,eru{ces, Inc .. , v. 3. · 'Permanent Partia] Dls~bility:_ · ~~~"_,:.· . -1" li~§if, G.R. ·No .. 160441, August 29, 2012). ·. . A disabi.lity is.partial and.permanent if as a.re$'ulf""''---=~"" · . : .· .' . · ·, • · o(th'13 lnjury or Sickness the employe~ suffers a . . .. Recelpt·:of.Djsability.B~nefit Preclu.d.es .Claim for · ·p~r:marient. partic1l'los~ of.the Ul?e of any part..of.-. Lo.ss of F:utl:ire. Ea·rl')ing~; · . · · .. . . his body (Abaya ..ii. · ECG, · 'G.R. No.' 64255,: · (:)nee . given disability ~o.mpe'.n~ation for loss . of August 16,: 1.98!>). ·earning.·capacity, arl additional award·.for loss of .. .. . · - · ea(ni_n.gs:.(fuli,lre:earnings:)' no ·10:nge:(i\~s; otherwise, . Period ·of.Entitlement. . . . ·it will r~sulf in double recovery (Magsay~§Jy·Maritime .- : . The·.:bene{lt ~hall be ·paid ·for no mor~ th.an the Corp. v.. _Chin, J{;; G.R No. ·199022, April 7;· 20·14). period. desi9.nat6ld.in the-following schedules: Reimblirseinenl fo~ Medi~~·,· .Expense~ S~parate - Effe~t of Gainful Em'pioyment . and Di!?finct from.Disability Benefits :. ·. · .. . ·•· For the purpose· of e~titiem~nt to.income benefits .Under' ~ection ~0-B o{POEA:,.SEG,employ~rs mµst . . pen:nanent par:tia_l· 'd,isability,·, a···covered :~mployee . 1.. Pay the se~farer sickness allowarice equivalent st}all continue ·lo receive· .the beriefi.ts· provided . to his basic· wage. in additiqn to· the· mediCl:I! . · thereuqder even. if !:le is. ,gainfully empfoyed. and ·. . treatment that tiiey must' provide the seafarer . : .. with artheir cost;,and . ·_ ·.. . . . · .. ' re.ceiving his wages or sal~ry (Amended'R1,1/es· on ~mployees' .Compensatio·n, Rule XII;' Sec. 1.,.par. 2 ... ·compens;:itethe seafarer his permarier::it total ·(b)J.. . . . ·: o{ partial 'disability as finally cl~terrriined by :the · · compariy-~esignated ph:{sicia.n.. · · · ·
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' SJ..N'BEDALAW CEN'rRAUZED BAR OPERATIONS- MEMORY AI0.2019 Iii-·an• . IZil!Mlmlb:IIIIMIIIB#IDMCZi:1izrim11m-ea&mani:miltl A#iilll'i BCMC!ISl . ~EE-IIEl2:4411&Pi!E!'o!:l49.4PmilmlillMll!IU ~:!'!r.llli:':"'
Note:· These liabil.ltles· of the employer are 'separate. · and distinct-from one another (Javi.erv.PH tnc., G.R; ·.
Classlficatlc;ms of Dependency: (PTAL) 1. As.to the amount; · · · r~ ; .· No. 204101, July 2; 2014):. a, fartial dependency partial dependent is a person who .has some means or income of his own' arid who receives- tess than all of· . his. .support from the employee .. If the· contributions from the employee enable him · Loss of. work or inabiiity L9ss of ·t11e use bf. a11y to in accordance-with his .station in life, · anatomical . to 'perform _usual work. · partic·u1ar . _11,'ithout . whlch he .. could ,, not .live in . part of hi_s body. · accordance. therewith, such person is a 'partial dependent. · ·. . (LABOR CODE, Art. 198·& Art. 199). · .b .. Iotal dependency r: a total dependent is . . .. .. .· . one. who has no means of support and entirely depends .for· support upon the 'contribution from the employee or one who . '. t:;ossof Work°.or inability perform. P!3rmarient ... may hays· an Income from other sources.but usual wor.k . .. , . -. · . : Total· Pa'rtial .the amount of which: is too small and . insiqriitlcant a_s wouldenable hi~ to support· Loss··· of the . use _'of:_ any Permanent · himself wlthout the major support from the particular -anatornlcal part of Partial . -· /"' . employee: ·. . -: . ·his.bo(ily ,·._ 'Dis~bi.li_ty . 2.·. 'As.tostatus:'. _ . _ . 1-------r-------"'"·--.--'"-_~-·. ..,<~: ...\v~t:'Jt\ a. :_1ega1-- ~epen,dency - 1eg_a1_ dependency . Loss of Vl(Ork or Nor: ·exce.ecii,ng Temporary { ({,, ·i,: .. '}) . . proceeds ?om 1h~: mandate or .oP.eration of · in_al;>ility--· .. ·., ·to '!20day_s_ · Total .. V C.,-:::',..;.t:.:-,.c--.,. ,. tht}-;/~w. lrrespectlve otfhe-tabllity of the · · perform .work .:-- .. . · ---.::~- .1··ri·.;J·~~~1;:t.: ~}l!~9-~~)~dent t~ supporthimself, lt:li~ type of ··(total) . Exceeding . 120 PerJJ.!atieht . 1;.;< /. ~.idepi;_n._dency, having· been established hy . . 'days T~~f....- · ~i--:-+J · ·op~fttwn of law, is conclusive.· .. .. . . . , ..\, /{_' _ . )f-""..jl . b. _.8\~u~I*1epend_ency - under. this type (LABOR CODE, Aris_. ·797-199) .. ,,. . .-/. kn_c=7 r:~ · . . . -. d,rP:D1d_fi[l~c~;the reasonable ,expecta_tionof ·. . · - : ·· · . ... . . >$,_,,., )("-~ . ~ IJ!. ., _. . · Qonttgu1fr support appears to be the . QE_ATH 'BENEFITS· • .' C.;">:t. ·_ · "' ,_jjene,tal ,d i~ortanf criterion: to· c~;>nsiaer.. . ~e~th_ i$_ the lqss, of Hfe .ret~ltin.g-:::rrcwi··1iJ1jUry..3~'I ~<:i\.~f~W,'itf.JThnd~nt,_-therefore:.is one ':"ho. s1cknes_s·(LABOR CODS, Aff: 1~JJ!clff:!{dtf).1. -c,,--.,,.·i .-1: - t0.af~:ito-:t_heemplo.ye~. for. Sl,!PPOfl, partially_ . . .. · ·'. . -: .. }\~-'"'\r\·· . ri/ . . orwholly~(t Ct-'~N, sup_ra at.4(!8-469).· . Th_e syst~m_.__shall pay to the pnmar.yr..~en~tlpianE;is · t~·-·-:-rr-.,:.:\ . _· . ·• . , · · .. · . ' ·. . . . . · ·. . · upop the d~ath_ of t_he c,o:v~r~d employE;)p-,stn°·am~1;1nL,)f:i'l.1~~l'.~~en?,?Js:.(ASP.); ;- · . , . .. · .equivalent 'to. h1s·mcmthly inco~e-ben~~f,_plu_~jl~%J·-:~·11.-:-l!!e§1tlfl'late, .le:g,ttmated,. legally--:_~d~ptea .. ?r thereof e~?h dependent child, but•Ait"~~S~~dmg . ackno~ledg_ed.natural_child ':';'ho is unmc:1.rnea, . fiv~•. ,.Qe~;!'nning . w1tb_ ·. the. youngest . a~,:~thout not gq1nful)y e_mp\oyed.and.not over i1 years of .'subsij_ti.Jtion. Tf.ie·inccinie be('Jefif_sli~IJ be·gu'a_rc:1n~eed . ·age or_OV_E;)r 21. yearsof_~geprovide_d that he is·. for.'5 years.(LA~OR CODE, Art.· 200, (a)). . inepp_acitated·and· .incap~bl~ of self~suppo'rt·due . '· ·.. · . · . · .· . . . · · · to a ptwsical or,mef'11al def~ct which is congenital. ·o,!'pe~den~y does not in~an ~b?oiute dependency . qr as:q·u1red aunrig minori.ty; . · · for~~ n~'cessities of life; but r_att:ie'r.that ttie plaint_iff 2: · .tegifiinale"§pause . living wifti_ the . employe·e; . looke:i:r up to· and relied. on the contribu~io_n of the . pr.o~ided that she/he has .not remarriep; and .deceident in ·whole ·or. in· part, -as means ·3, .earerits of said 'employee wholly di;3penden~ · . -supporting and maitJtainir'ig'· her~elf 'in 'accor$:lance ... · ~pan him for regular ~!,ipport {ld.:.at 469). ·. with h0f ~tafi9n:.in·.life. A person ·may be ~epe!nd~nt . · · .·· . · c!_lthcii.Jgh :~ble · \b .. maintain .--hers.elf without any. l\lotedf the dece~se_d·emplo;ee.is a·n ~d_o.pted·chiid. . 8$Sisfance ·trbni .. the dec~dent (1 (;HAN~·stjpra at . _the . death.' b¢fiefits : under· . .'the· Employ,ies' ·_467-468)".'.· ·. · · ·: :- . ··· · ' · · · · · ... · ·compensation p·rogram:"shall accrue sblely to· the . biological.. par.ents·. if the- parents· by adqption. are · already dead (Bartolome -v. SSS,. G.R. No. 192531, · · l;he:t~st of .d~en<;lency is· .o6t whether ci1imants .. November_ 12; 2014).. . · .. · . · · . . could.-supp'ort life without contributions;-bu.t -whether they depe11dori -such contributions as part of their income or mearis of living ·(1 AZUCiEN_A, supra at ;;._
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Contracting of .§.igamous marriaqes by the covered emptoyee, · whether. in the Philippin.es .or abroad; x. · §exl:lal ..infidelity· or perversion of the . covered employee; . . xi.. The covered employee's act of allowing the surviving "spouse, . common child/children or· child/children of the. spouse to be subjected to acts of baseiviqusnes~; or _.,. . . '_ xii. .The covered 'employee's contraction of, serious sexually transmitted : Disease extra-rnaritany.' (EC_G Boar.d Re;o/ution'. No. 97:..09;0500, Sept~mbei-:4, 19_97):
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Beneficiaries . · Beneficiaries'°shall be determined a't the time of th~· employee's death (Amended ·Rules on !Emp'ioyees' . · · Compenseiion(2014), ,Ru/(! XV,-Sec.-1,-par. (a)).· ·. -. .. ' . . . 1. Prim~r'y Benefjciai:i~;:·(SC).'.. ·.· . - b. Leqitirnate, leqitimated;: legally· adopted or . , ~--. Legitimate .§~pose until: he remarries. · ·ackl)ovvledged natural ~hildren, who are . ·. . . . . . ' . . unmarried nor gainfully employed, not over· .. ~<:>te: ·,:i,e,_survi11in~ spouse fou·n.!:1-nqt !o~;.,cn:r--:,==,_ . 21_. ~ears of age,: or _ov~r ·21 of. age ·1iving w1!h t~e.c~~ered employee_at~s-fir'ne --~~ov1ded that. he rs tncapacltated.. and the ernployee 'died ~hould- .b~~titt~,._d,' to ' ·\\ 1,- 19,,0.~!?a~le of self-s_u~port:<Jue to physical qr em~loye~s· co~pens.ation b~Flef!Ts:'IJr~.v~q~~"..,r . rt;ient?t; d~f~et. w_h1c~- rs c':mgenital . or that the separ~t1on:0ccur~ef'k_o~1.rt~,,t'9~any.of_ . . ~ijet(~e{-~un~g-mmonty;provided, further; . the following circumsta,r;ii::e~S'.,f(R~·SVl~.,,BJ2t~."':ib-~~ tt;iat-z~, deP.endent acknowle~ge~ natural .. _81:>D). · : · . . : .. ll)F"\ tf".·: ~ , J ·•. ·cw .. ~,ch1t~·~:&~1.Ji~e-·comiidered a primary' 1. . ffef~sal C?f. the .i{ov:ere/d-f."€:,tnl:ifoy,ee_ ~-=.Ji~ .. L&. .. · )~neft?~ary -,~ly ~hen tl:ier~ a_re ~-o other conbnye hv1ng v.:,r.t~...!_hes~rv1vi1"1~ spouse./£;;,,.,. . cl~p_en_ge.n~q!itJ,dre~ ~ho are quahf1ed and· .. ··or the empl<'.>ye1:1's c!B'apdonrnnf'orll'i'Ei'•· l:~:~~-~--=-~hg1ble'-f~m~n~hly mcorne benefit; provi<;fed · said spause,.w/tl:i6'11.t.-,j~stifiabl ~i?r'jafi~_r ~1-~Jl';P 1·nally, ~lliaT"'1,f~ there ,ar? fy.o ·qr njo'~e .. ca"t!_se; . , · · ~ ·... ;;A It . _ . · f~ r:c?l . ·· . cknowl~,g~.d!J.Jatur?l.· children; they shall . . . ii; · . ~tt~mr;,t ·of. t~e'".;..&Q~;r~f~ •. ployl~?:!,:::.._ :- /~J_pu11fe~fr&f · the_ youngest. an? ~ithout . aga_mst the hfe·~!t11.r~. rvi~~rfg}SR,OU~~·""i..... ~ ~Stityjtp.(l_~ )?u~ not . ·ex_ceedlf!g... Jive_ ... ;comm'. .. .. . -.. . child/children or- child/ childr.en·.bf the · emplo_yed,.and -~ot over 21 Y,ears'of age, or. ··spouse.- · . . . . . over·2Fyears 'of'age prqvided''that he is . V.' The" G~\ier,ed·..emp_loyee's·. lnfljction of ineqpac[tated and."ir19apablE{ ofselt- support· . · Ph¥si¢ar viole!')c_e, or ir:np.ositfun·9t m.or~i d_ue. · to physica1· ·or ·.r:nentai_. detect which· is . _-·. dure~~·- to comper the· ~uryi"'.Jhg spa.use, cor:i.genital .. or · ·acquired · :during .mino~ity . · .common qhild/chil~r..en o_r.·child/.children{Amended. Rules · on . Emp/oyf:!es' of-.the.. spouse.. ch,=i-n~e· tliei_r religious·. . Compensatfor;(20,14), Rule XV, Sec. f/paf. or pol_iti~araffiii,ation; . . . . . : .. , . . (r:;)).·. . . vL · Attempt of IJl!:!. covered· :~mploye_e. to:·.. · ·• '· ·· · · . £orrupt,.o.r induce the surviv.i.n.9-spouse; · common·child/cl;lildre·n or child/ ·children. · .. .·. .monthly i~co"me Totaf. Benefits . . o't the spous~ to engage ji, "prostitution; .•.. ' .benefit · ·shail-not be· less . ·or to. make. them ·.conniv~ with. the. . . . '--~--~~ ttian. 1=>1 s_.ooo/ em p!oyee fn.such an act of borruptio~ or . ·ind11cem~n"t; . . · · · .· _. . '!ii.-< Qrug addiction-or l'lab(tual.alcohblism of -... the cpvered employee; . . . . (Amended Rujes. on · Employees' Compensationviii. !,es~ianisn:i or- ~Qmosexuality :ot· the (2014), Rule XV, Sec. ·3j. · · · . . ' . col(e.~ep employee; ·
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BENEJ:=ITS· Death Benefits . . · Paid in the forni of cash monthly pension: 1. i=or fife to -,the -primary beneficiaries; guaranteed · ·. for five 5 years; : · .· . .. . 2. · l_n . the' absence . of · primary beneficiaries, to · . secondary beneficiariesv , · · 3. Total.ceneflts.shall be at least P15,000 (LABOR CODE, Art. 206, par... (a)). ··· .. · · .r
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:~ · Priority Rule . . . . . . 1~::· '.Pri,:n~ry beneflclaries shall have .Priority. claim 'to } death benefits over .secondary beneficiaries. l· Whene',t~r thereare primary beneficiaries, 'rib death ,'.., . benefit shall be paid to-secondary beneflclaries. . :,1 ; If there are no primary. Q~n·eficiaries at the time of ;: ·. ·death,. the death benefit ·sh13II .. be paid to his 't secondary benetlctarles. . . j,•
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'it tn.e deceased·employee:ha~ .no.beneficiaries at the .tirT)e' of his d,eath, the de'ath benefit snail accrue 16 the ·em·plpyees' Con:ip~risati.oli Fund. ·(Amsrided Rules on .Employees' c;ompen~affon (2014), Rufe XV, Sec .. 2;. · ·.· .. Guid.elin'es·:on the .Graiit· of D!3ath' !3enefits to· ., Qualified Wives, and- ·.children BeMficiaries of . ~ . Muslims: . ,,: .. 1.. The. basic rnonthty 'pension. shall be .divlded · equally artio(lg the iiurviving _wiv.es; . _..,/:'.'>' 2. Upon the death or. re-rnarnaqe of any of tll~, r r: . : wives, her. basic ·. monthly. pension. .shall(.J~'~\ equally re-distributed..to the remaining wive,;;;,:.,,. \
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.. ·or PTD (Amended Rµ~e~ on . Employees' Compensation (2014), RULE XIV, S~c. 2; ECG. Board Resolution' Nos. 14,0.6-2[t and 14~06-30, l:!o(h dated June 6; 2014). ·
Jurisdiction. Over Settlement.of Claims Ttie.GSIS, in case ofttie public sector, and the $SS, in case 'of the private_.s·ectd.r, shall have original and exclusive jurisdiciicm to settle· any dispute arising . from the 'law (f::CC) and, its IR'R with respect'to coverage, entitlement' ··to. b'ehefits, ·collection and · payment of contributions and ..penaltieS._the~eon, Of any othe.r-matte.rrelated thereto (Rule of Procedure ..... in. the· Filing.J:mcf bispositlotj. ':Jf the. Employee.s'. Comp·en,sationClaims1 RU!-1=·2,. Sec. 1-:(i3)). . . · Who may file.: (EDBA)' 1. .The covered !;rr'iployee; 2. His.Qeperidents; · 3. The §en.efici~ries de.fined ·~y law; ~r_.. . ... 4. In cas.e_ of th err abseric~ o'r.1ricapac1.ty, therr duly ~uthonzed ,repre~~~t.~~v~(.(l.mended Rules on. Employees Compens8:t1on (2011),. Annex E, _. . .; RUtE 31:Sec. :/, Seftem~er21, 1995)...
~X,S.E:(Jlns~ )r,i::..\;iji~~e'";'fo·t.~;~. . .
'.. · · ·, 3:: The .q~ali~ed .d~pendent cliildren hot 5 ?e~Jn~rng "'.-Ith the Y.0u~gest ~r~;:.,w,ttioutt 1.1. .. .. ~ut>s~1tub~>n, who are not.entitled \~1~0.~,endent~ ;,;-;:.., pens.1o_n,: shall . be ~o~nted tron\-stt~on.g t~.e r i _colleqt1ve numbe~ of. ch1ld~.<;m~t;!.6e.ty1.~~hfn not. . . c.oun~ed from tJ:ie ch1ldre~ pf1,,;~ach ~es:::-ef th,~ . ,«l >.Muslim (~CC Board Ref?f!!iJ~!i!,Py:.'{+o~~3~;". July ~8, 201f). . . \.( ~,prdr')',j ~y,., ·. r, •·/
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EC.. ciai~i:j\maybe file.ct· by the,clafr~1a.nt at his
option in th_f~~gional Office/Br.a~ch of the ~ystem nearest to .fhel pt~ce of work or.residence. (Amended, Rules on/m'ploy!:t,e~'Compenseiiorr(2014), /J(nnex ·E, RULEi!3, Se». 3 .sepfember.21 1995). ·
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Per1ot:t~Jr~y,~.u~tlgJ1 · · . . : . _'·'')'!. !:..·~ . The GSIS~i:i~:SSS shijll ~vah.,iate ~m Eq c,lairn Fu_neral.Ben~f1t ·:. · . ·,,,.tc,..\') . fl ('! witliin fhe.folloy.,i.ng perioq: :. . . .Z.· . Persoo.s.·.Entitled Jo. Funer~I Ben~t!t~.· .. ~ · . .. ~j:or'J:TI, Claim ·for death· benefi\s - within 1 O working· f A fuqE:ral b§nefi~of f'.20,00~ '(!=CC .86')'!~-~jbSOIUfl0!;__/>·'"'1'~:;i <::O~Y,S ·. . .. . . - . . ; · No. 16-(!5-28) shall~ !;le- paid upon ·lli;9t'a~a!'Y-.9!ra.,.,.~ ........~laim~r.dis~bilft¥ berief.its:.... . .' .· .. . COV~~ed .... e.mpJoy~e... or .p~r~~nen(f{~ .d)~i9';!l~d . . · a. Sickness.-c within 5 working days. · _.pe.ns1on1:r._to,one..ofthe fQllqwrng: (S~9)~':l::i ..~ . ·, . .b. -lnjurjes ..:.,within 5 working da'ys · 1. · Surviving :fu)<>.use; · · ,r ·. · .. ·. · :2.·. 'tegitiroate £hild.whoipent fo.r.funeral services; In ali ca~es,' the coutitihg 'of ttie'. pres6rib~d .Period: : . or . . . . . . . . . :. . . . snail commence from !he submi~ion' ofall.required . ;3: AriyQther.pe~s!)n ~hQ c.an s.!iow inco.Atrovertible . dpcuments (Rules qf.Pr.occdure''1n the Filing and : pr.oof .of" havl!'ig , bprnEf the '..funeral; exp.~mses . . Disposili.Ori of . the . 'Employees' Coinpensatfon . · : (Amended Rt)lf)s.ori ~mplo'ye~s'Compeo;sation . ·claims, RULE IV (1-995), 2, as af'(le,nded f:!y (2014), Ruf~Xf'V, 'Sf:)c. '1). ·'.. Board Resolution('10:··10-09-115). . .
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''Condition to Eritltiemerit : . The 'EC, funera'i 'benefits· sti'all. be· granted after the. . SSS .or'"the G~IS h'c3~ dedared ttie ·followir)'g.In the · . evaluation of-claims ·for EG d.eath b.enefit~; t.· Death' due to sickness- ·ca1,1sal · re'ialio,nstJip .. '. .between the death anci.the·working conditions of. . . the:covered rtJ.ember .. • . . ·;, ·.. . i. ·, ·. Death di;ie to injury-.causal re)atlonship between · ... the death ;3nd tbe work~related accident. '3: Deatti. due to.Pe'rmanent Pa.rtiai'bisabllity (PPD) · . or Permanent Total-Disability {PTO) pensioner'the.. cau&e of.death is a complication-or natural. . . ~o·r'lse'quence.of previously. compensate·d PP!)
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App·ellate Juris<:Jicti'on : The ECC Comn)isSion &hall . hav.~ ·appellate · fur.is.dictionover all a.wards·an'd -dedSLOns,·orders or resolutions of tl'1e GSl'S and p·ss, (Amended Rv}es . on ·Emplqyees' Compensation '(2011),· Ann~:x E, · Rule 2; Sec. 1. (b)).: . , · . . . . . '1 Pe.rio~ to File .. . .. . .. . . . The claimant shall file with the GSIS. or the SSS, as . the case may ..)e, notice of. appeal within ·30 calendar day~from receipt'ofthe decision (Amended Rules on Employees'Comp~nsapon.(2014), ·Annex . E, Rule 5, Sec. 1). . .
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·SOC.IAL LEGl·SLATION · ~N-13£DA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR·OP,ERATIONS - M£MORY AID 2019
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Upon :receipt of. the notice of appeal, the: GSIS or·
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ART 207: Prescripflve Period· . . Despite ·the·· 3-year prescriptive period expressly provided. ir:i' Art. 201, a compensation .claim may be filed beyond·this but before the lapse of thE) ·1 om· year from accrual. of the. caµ~e of action, applying Art. '1144 'of the ·'Civil ·code (Manila·.,~aflro{Jd Co. v. Per'e.z, G.R. No. L~21071, Ju~e 29; 1965)..
s·ss shall transmit the entire records o( the. case to the· C.ommi&sion within 5 working days fro()'l receipt there9f · (Amended . Rules on Employe.es'. Compf!nsation (2014); Arinex ·E, R.ule V, Sec. 4). . . . . . . . .
''Grounds The· .appeal may be entertained only on · any of the . .following grou.nds: (SPQ) . ., . . .. '. 'Th~ ~ year;·. have to be counted'. from _the ~irti the ; 1. ·. If §erious errors in the finding of facts are raised : employee losthis earnjng cepaclty.not frotn the time which, if not corrected, would »cause grave ·· .. the illness was discovered {ECC v. Senlco, G.R. Nb. ... irreparable darnaqe 'or injury to the appellant, ·134028, December 1.7, 1-999). · · 2: If. there ls, a Prima iaC1e·. evjdrerlce·of abuse. of · · · ·.· · · · · · ,:. "discretion on the part-Of the Sy!item,' and ·~ott:i: Th~:em.ploy~ris e~topp~d to raise-tf1e·defen.se 3.' If made purely ori Question 'of law (Amended o(prescripli¢nif he ordered the. claimant to wait for Rules· on Employees' Compensation (201'4, .. · the lapse of.the period provided for in: tne Civil Code .. An'?ex E, Rule 5,. Sec. 2,. Eiep.tember.21, 1995).. . in cases of presumptlvedeath (P.antol/ano·v.: Kotphil .. . Sh{pmanagem~nt'and Man,r.,ing Corporation, G.R .: Period to D~~i<;le · · . .. , · · . . -~:~=--"~;169575;March·~o. 201-'!), ·: · ·. . .·. · · Wil,hin. 20 Working days from receipt of an.,,.~.P~i!(aled . case, the Corrimission shall review·an,<;l,~~.cld~aid , . ~pnjtioffq!."missing person" for. purposes of .case. Four affirmative votes shall dyrelqe·t~e,.c~~..---,=~bt! gran,f ~~benefits·: . . : . .. However,. if only a quorum o~~.:,:,~e)ol=?~o/s""are · f~~a.i·~Vfos~F~·~sing: refers to unknown fate or: pre~ent,.3 affirmativ~vot_e~ sha1kf .:.ci'd~l'!)¢'c~~->:N·o-=~:~-!Q~f~~~~'o t~~e;,e of W~E!re.abouts of a worl<7r, .. motion for i:.econs1derallon 1Pf()h~';'decision .. ~f, ''WT e~,.1.oy~~'t~p.st.\re unltormed personnel· while resolution of the. Comrnissi9,,i;i er.'l•tb'anc ffi;hall. tie .ui~ A· hetsre is\1rf the ~erformance of his/her 'duties ·'· entertained' (Amended R,iJles· Er(Jployees' r').l"'!. ·. . duri!:J;g, cat:'J~i~o):fatal ~vents; .. Compens?fUOn, RU!f! XIX. Stid:Jp,1'' . -~1:lierorket~!r1.PLo\,ee,.orunifor!')1e'd personnel . '."" ·· . · . · · ff "'~--1i/ · . J1 . ii! ~:"-:'was1l1otse~.f Or· hp~rd .from ·~fter the lapse of 4 ~r:esc~iptlon ·. . . . • ff ,...:::/'4 ~ . ·. , \, · ¥_. filn~· yea(s from twe:oc<jur,ence.o!.the i~cident;. .
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.. ualess said cJaifl'l ii, filed·.w~ly,tJr9.11Sy$~~,>v;il'fn~~·J,h..,') • UJilli~ed !e'i:sQnnel~iv~~· r(se to p~esumption.· .. . . years fr9m the' time the :cawl,e 0t\1ctio(~}~~e~ ,~@r_At-~~~fh~.a;d .. "1{ ::., ;: .... (A(Qende~~~ (E,9C.f~Jteu/ar No: 15-,0·J-20), .' . .. Rfl':konrng, qate of the. T~re.e~~ar P[~s~r.{'2,.~!~~~ ... ~ ·p .. ·. · . . ·:. · ·'. .. . . ,. Per-1od . . . . ... · · ·.'...(.~/""·.~~-"'EC ·~~1_m~g.e6i1;1d ~1led a.lor:ig .with cla1ms·for: 1. Si~k.,:iess-: fr~m the time thE? ernp]Q~~~~P~lhis .·~J:t\ f§stsiss~diathor:(lisabilify 'benefWcl~im . . -: ·.. earnmg .cap~c1ty aad not when .the 1llne-s~rst. '- .ilCl.§IJ.~ funeral benefit .~rn;fer. Pp.:. No. :626, a$. · · . ·' qecaine . . manifest· (Amended Rules· ~-=--"a'i'ne.nded, which was fited·after me lapse of·~ o years · · Employees'Compensation, RuleVII, Sec. B(b. 1) · .· . by. the : petitioner :who had earlier ·filed a claim for . . . as .amended by 11-04-.10)'. · . , -_ · . ,.· ·. . . death. bE:l.l')eflts;· had not prescribed. ·:.When:· the . 2: ·Injury·.,_ from the time. ,t was ·s1:1stai'ned · (ECG . . : . p~titi6n~rfileqJ1er·clc::111TI for·d.e?1th ~enefit~ .under .ttiE:l. e,rcµlar'No. 03-769). · : •, .' "·: .·· ·.· ·. s~s lawi·Sti~ had a.lready nqtifie9'..\h~·~SS of-her. · 3•. · Death :- from. tt,·e time. of death. of th,e c9ve~ed . : ,.emplo9ee_~·compensatfon clf!iiri'r.!).ec.ause·.theS~S is ·empl9y~e (ECC 'Ci,:cular:No.03-7,09). . . the very ·satne agency wh.ere claim(,· for payment of "' . ·sicknessldi~a'biltty/deaJh benefits (Jn'der P,D: ·.No:,. ~ases of·c~vered workers ·Gr ·em~i0~es . 626'are,filed (Mesa v. -SS$,:<;;.R. No. '160467, April · and ariiform.~ personnei. who· had .beei:i · reportecl. · · 7,?r/.09). · · · : . ·:. ·:. ,.'< · · : . .'. . ·. · · .. "mlssfrjg''. while theywere~in·the p·erformance 6fthe1i ... _ . '1': .··. duti~s.during c.alarriities.o(ffllal ev.ents such as. but. ·nof li.~it~d'. . to p~lice ·. or· military · op.eraticin, ... ·.,earthqu~ke, typhoqo, · and volcanic .. eruptidn, the · qe·neficiaries ma·y file.1heir .claims for EC ·i:ie.ath with . fun~ral ben~fifs .wi~hin·the.·3-year.prescriptiVe periqd .. . frbm the. time: "tl:'l~ ,missing person ·has 'been· · ·presumed dead after thE? l~ps·e of 4· years from tfie _occurrence·. of the ir'.l.~ident (ECG B.R. · No, 1,f':.ot ~2'0, . . July 28,.2014).. · · · ·
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'27ij · I ~019· s~N SEDA LAw'c;:ENTRAUZliD BAR'OPERATtONS
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PROCEDURE ·FOR.CLAIMING DISABILiTY BENEFITS FOR OVERSE~~·F.ILIPINO SEAFARERS (Based on POEA Standard Terms and eonditions· G~Verningthe .Employment of Fi/fpino Seeterers On-board ~ . · . 1 : . · Oceen-Golnq, sntoe (201_0)! Seq. 20) . · . ·
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Within.3·WORKl~G DAYS FROM ARRIVAL-~f1be seatarer . · the point of hire;:the.COMP.ANY PHYSICIAN determines whether: . . . . . . .
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·1 .. The nature of the. inj~ry/sicknesi( is \emporar:y,. total, or· · . permanent; and · 2. The inj~ty/si~kness is com~ens~ble.
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.·:/. ':'. . tndepend~rit.P~ysician .... : deterrnjnestnat the ·.. t • • • , injury/sickness i:>. . . · NOT COMPENSABLE · . :
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A third. doctor may tie·,.·· · agreed jointly b~twe~n Jhe ·, employer and the seafarer, and ·the third doctor's ·. decision shall .be·~ AND BINDING on both
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2019 SAN SEDA LAW CENTRAUZED'!3AR OPERAl'IONS
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:so·c·IAL· LEG 1:SLAT'I-O.f\{· .SAN BEOA LAW CENTRALl~EDBAR OPERATIONS- MEMOR'( AID 2ot.~ .
. PROCEDURE .FOR .CLAIMING DISABILITY BENEFITS F.OR OVERSEAS.FILIPINO SE'AFARERS -(Based on POEA Standard Terms and eonatttons · Governingthe Employmentof FilipinoSe~farersOn-board • . · · . Ocean~Going_Ships (201_0), Sec. 20) . . . . . . . 1 .
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, .. Within. 3 WORKING DA V'S FROM ARRIVAL of the seafarer · at the point of hire.-the·COMP.ANY PHYSICIAN determines whether: · · 1. The "nature of the .inj~ry/sicknes~(is \e~porar-y, totai-. ~r permanent; and 2. The l_njur:y/~icknessis compens~ble. ~. . '
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Company Physician . determines that the . in)ury/sic~ness·is . . . COMPENSABLE .
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·: .lndependent Phy~foiaci .. determines that the : . injury/si_ck_nessis. ·COMPENSABLE .
· Independent .Physician determinesthat the .~ I i~j~ry/~iCk~eSS. is. . . . ·· 'NoT.· COMPENSABLE ,
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A thi~d 'ooctorrnay be'.· .• · agreed jo1ntly between the ·. employer and the seafarer, and the third doctor's ·. decision shall be ·FINAL· AND BINDING.Qn both· ·parties;·
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s·oC.IAL LEGIS.LATION'· 'Ull&SWA·
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SAN BED/lo LAW CENTRAUZ,ED_BAR OPERATIONS- MEMORYAID 2019. . . SWAM HAI HIPI# . Jtsi+SWP41
home, in:cludi[lg other areas that the HR. may designate, . and . to the . members. of . the employer's - household, and who. receives. compensatlon forsuch services. 3. A Filipino seafarer, upon signing of the standard . BY R~A;:No. 82:-82) . employment contractand.actual deployment by the rnanolnq ·agency and ths foreign principal, who ~re considered as the employers. As of its date. ef(ectivity (February 22, i019), RA. , .. 4. A · worker · of · a foreign ·government . or No. 111·99, a/so.known as ''Sociai Security.Act of : · international organization; or its Wl)'olly-:'OWned. 2018," repea.JedRA. 11.61, as ariu:inded by.R.A. No: -lnstrumentallties, · with an approved 82.82.' . . . Adrrtlnlstrative. J,greem~nt with the. SSS (SSS (R:A: /\JD: 11199 is NOT covered by the.·2019· bar . .G'uidebook (2017), p.4). . syllafiys; nonetnetees, for: putpos0s··Of.di5cUsSio·n, a . · · · ·. .tab/Et. bf comparison is,prcivided at the erui.}:' · . -~elf.Empioyed (SE:) . . ·.. . ·· · ·· . . ... Any -person. whose. lncome is .not derived from Declaration of ~cilicy . . . . employment; shall be the employer and employee at It. is· the' policy .of the. State- to establlsh.: develop, ·. · ·. the:Saf!l.e time. (RA Nd. 82.82; Sep. 8, pars. (sand pro~ote; an·? p~rfe~ta:~o~nd ';'ndvi~ble !ax-e~tnpt;.-,:e-:··=9~ .: .· . '. . . . . . . . . . . social security' service su1ta~le to· the n~~~s""§f the 1f T · J~ · ;r -~-,.,"'°-= ~ · • ., . . . people . throu_gho~t: ·_tl)e P_hilippin~s;j,wj)J_fh.l~Rall jlfl,R}U1ldr;~tl..lnotllm1tedto, are the following: (S:A2Fpromote social JUSt1~e and · pro~,(~me'alii11§tul.e:=-~"....-=:;l,Q.~!,t . Ii i,.~ .. · · . · protection to members and · n1~r'f711:l_ .~e[m "employee" under Sec. Employer ~ . ~i . ~ _ . .:·. -~-- . . . . . · 8, f;)s')t<,YJ or.A: 9J· 82821 · " • . An employer.is any person. \'f'Qj~\s,:.a"~~l?.!N?rij]'"'."~~{.e~-91oncit-~thre;es,. c;oaqhe_s.. trainers, and · the ser.vices of anot~er pe(~on in'(sany ~t~irte'Ss~fl . ~ .:J~t~~ · trade, ind_ustr.y, or undettaki.n'g\ : .. \. · · 0''~ci.'· . ;i;-:/.;t~'i11d,llaj1.Earmef1.'. :and fisher folks;·. -1~ A soci';"I;·· civi<;;, profes~id~al; ··chaEifo~le~(!.q_~~Or~e'?''in.lhe Jhf~xmal sector·so_ch as _market other non-prom o~ganizatfo~ that~h,~e~t@:[£1:,.fr\~"1~~__..~.-Jalilcl'.wh<;> are not coverable.under the GSIS Law; instrum.entaht1es, . ~uch ·as a1:r. embassy in :U:ie · ·. and. . . .. . .. . . .. . . · ·, · · .. -PhilippiQ.eS,.· ·With an ·approved Adrni'nisfratiye . 8. ·.-8ny othei:_perso:r1 _as.de.termined by the Social· Agre~ment ·with the SSS fc:lr the· cove(age of its .. · · .: Sec~rity Commission 'un·oer' such ,·rules ·and Filipinow~rkers. . . . .. .. . - - . . teg,u!a~oti.s·~s it n:iay_prescribe '(SS.$Guid~bbok 3. · A housetioid.employedHR):is ()n·e who.:~se~ihe: · _(201-7).- p, 4;_5).. ,: . ,. ', ( ·. · . . services Of a, hQUSe :help.e'.; Whomeyer·pays the · · . . . I -compensation for _sµch services.- whether the · · · .. __ Dependents:. (SCP.)., · · .. , ·. . ,. . . . husband, wife, aUlny other· per:son. ..:.··shall.be. : 1 .... The 'legal §.pause . f!llllitlecl . by.· law .. to·· receive · de~me:d the HR($'$.$ Gu(debbok·(2017), P.- 4). · · su·r;,port fr~m lhe·m~m_b_er.;. . · ·· · .. . .. · ·. ·· . · · ~ · · · ·· · · 2. The legitilflate. legitimated 'or legally' ,:adopted Employee ·· · ar:id illegitimate·· ~hild who· is unmarried · nc:it . 1. A w.Rtke~· in t~e.·_priv'.3te· sector, regifrdles~ .of. . gainft.iliY- .employed and has· .not reached. 21 status . of. employmeint, .'Wh~ther pe,rmanent; .·. y'eSrs C?f-. ~ge or. if 21 · y~ars-:·O{ age, .. he .is .. tempora_ry, or provis.ional, wno•' ·is not' over 60 . congenitally incapacitated or while ·still a '-mfnor, · ,. years pf a·ge. _(up ·t_o 60th . birthday;. if initial · he .has been permanently ·.incapacit~ted and coverage). . · . . . · .· ·. . . .· . ific;ap_able, of . self.,-~upp9rt,. physically . ·anci 2t .A house ~elper who is not over:1:m years of age m_en_tally; andThe ·farenf wlio is . recei-.:ing (up !O 6Qth birthday', if Initial coverag·e). A house : r~gul'ar support _from ·the member (R.A. No. ·helper.is -any person who renders domestic or · ·· 82.82,.Sec. B; par. (e)). · · · · · househqld servites exclusive1y ·' in : the· HR;s .
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SOCIAL SECURITY SYSTEM· {R.A. 116-1; AS·AMENDED
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. . ... ·:. · The: amount paid to SSS by and on behalf of the mem_bets.in accordance with Section 18 o{R.A. No. »: · 8282 (R.A. No. 8282, Sec;_. ~. par. (i)). Notet- Regular courts: do. not' have. juris<;liction: over . ~ · .. the. matter of .SSS contributions, As between ·the parties (employer-employee), Art. 224($) ·(4) of the · f Labor Code is. aj:>'plicable·-(AMECOS.-fnnovatiohs, .~ · . Inc, v, Lope,i G.R. No.17805.5, .Jf..!lY .,2, 2014). .
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·. Rules on·Depende.rit.!lleg.itimate _children: . ·· 1. Concurring :W.ith l.~gitimate, legitimated qr legally adopted children -·shall be entitled to 50% of the share. of th'e legitimate, le~itimated or legally adopted children.· ·. ". · . . · . 2. With ·no legitimate, legitimated or legally adopted.. child - shall be entitled to 100% of the benefits (R.A. No .. 8282, Sec. 8, par. (k)).• . I
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Note: A wife who is .afready separated de fac,to}ram ·.her ;husoar:id· cannot be said to be "dependent for, . support" upon the husband, absent any showinq to the. contrary.. Conversely, i( it is proved that the husband and wffe were.:stilr°living·together at the..time · of his death,. it. would be safe t.6 presume· that · she . was dep~ndent on the· husband' for support, unless it is shown that she is capable of providing for herself
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Cqmp~nsati9n · .. . . All a·ctual remuneration' "for employi"hent, Including. ,,. · ttie mancfated·cost-of-living allowance,.a.s wei1·as the· ~ .·. cash value of any-r.emuneration paid in' any ·medium ·",.·. .other,than cash. except that.pa.rt of the· remune~atfon. -J.. in excess·. of the maximun:i Sl:llary (R.A:- :N9. 8282, Sec. 8. par. _(f)).: - . · • •. : ·: · ···:·
(SSS
v. Aguas,. -G.R. No. ·165546,
Febrµary
27,
· .2006)c . ' . . . . . Empl_oyment . . . . . ·. ·· .•,,/';)° · . . . ~·. A,r.iy · service· performed , by an employee for .t.Jis'.·./.l.l Secoridary Beneflclariest ·(PO) · .. ·employ.er except: (~:AT_.G2) .. . -, . . ('·.::(( :).\. 1. ·. In \he. absence of .tt:ie_ primary .. beneficiaries, the \ · .1. Employment purely ·_g_as!Jal and not .forftll·~ ·· ·,.,1°1 · Dependent ,Ear.ents; or , . . ~ · purpose -of oocupafton or -business of )th~: ,, '. '(;Lee?·:,, In the _?.Q.l?!:mce of all .the foregoing, any .Qther '< empl.oyer; · · . - . ' . ·. · . · ::·;.,i~;,'.'.~.1hj~~{fB-'f,:~~tsJ!;Jnatedby -the _covered employee 2. Services performed on or lf1 ,connestip~w,th an'.J !·I (R':A-:-No;,..?28?~ sec. 8, par, (k)).· . ; · ,: ., _ . , .. . . Alien Vessel by .an employee if hc-(js--employe~fc.JJ · ·Yli~ · ·. ·. · · · . , ,,. ·. whe~·such vessel i_s outMde the F?}S!!iJ?R'ne~; Contin~e?f6Y,! r~fers to. the: _(RD:DISM( ·:, ~ . 3 .. ~.erv1ces.performed by.Iempor.a!',y>effli\Jt6yee~ •.. ~; ·1.· .!3.etire)'ne,ljlt ~ .. · · .· .:· · -.: ,, J; . ·· . _which ..ni~y be _exclud_~<;i~.,~~egura((?~~f ·!t;i~'. I•·\ 2. Q~a}.~~.. U :. \ · .. ' .. : . ··:"·· ---.·. .. ·· ·. ·:.;:..: :". {. ·· Comn,1s131or1: . Employe~~~<7 of '51"qna · ft!'-!~ 3.· Q1s,~b1htyt . \\· · . · · ).· .\·.· · ., .. ,.-··.:~.,: independent contractor's~s~all·"Fll:>-Y,.!$e~:,oee~.d . · 1,.: :i 4. · !RJ'u'i;yor·:~Jq~!}~}>~f~nd , . , . · .. ·: ··.; _,, ~--=. ;_\;:.~_f'~:·: .. employees of the employe(eri_gagjl:1-g;~~serw1!:;~ .-.5. Malefro.i.W.:Qf:.th_e'memb1:;r (R:A.:f'!f~~~S'?;,.f~?_:;fJiff.t of said contractors; · · '.°"'~P:-.'l"'/:1. · · ·-?,. ·; p~r. (/)). . · · , · · · ::. : :·- · · . - ·'. '. ·. "-'. : . ·: ':!:/:~ i):.f:t · 4. Service perforined.'in· the -,~ploy).'.~( ... Philippine .. Qov:ei:nmehf! . · ir'lstru~~?.tall~y ~r_ ..... ·::<_. }':7-)-~ . agency thereof- aAd . . · · ·. ·: -.: ···.· ..... :·, •.., ·: ., ~.=l -_.,.,.......,.-'J-:--'-"'Comptllsory: ~. "i -· ·s. Service performed.in· the emplo'y,,0! a ·1t9reign a.· Emp!9ye_e~.~ (P..H~.F)· •. ..;.-.: · · .~J.:, ... ·Qove~nme.nt;·lntern.ational organiz~t'i~·~f..thei~ . i .. Al~ frivate sector ··ernplqyees, ·y,.iti1t.l'fe,r·.-·~ : ·wnol[y,oWned :·instrume11tality_ '(R.A. ·.JVb. 8~/32, .. .,- .· . perrn.~n.ent, ·temporary._ or provisional, ... ·... S~c. 8, 'pBt. ~"{j}). · . .. . ~ho a·re not ayer 60 y~ar.S o! ~ge (~ ..A.~.. ~ . .. . • .·. NQ.' 8282, Sec-. 9);·· . : : .. :. Prirt1ar:yBeneficicf,:ies (SC)· . . .. . ii. .t!buseh'old· 1-(elper. who)s not over 60_.:. f. Th~ de1:1e.nde,:it. . .§.pous~· · until·. ~e : .cir she. ·. ·. . . . · · · · . - years of age .with a . r:rionthly inco'me of · .. •, .. rem'arries; an.a·· , ... : : : ·. . .. ·· . • not less than P1 ,000. (R.A.. No. 828?; · :.· •. · ·2 .. Th·e:depehdent 1~·gititnate. legitimaJed. or legally.' ' .. Sec.- 9, ·par .. (a)) c(nd has render~d .at· , ·, .. :· .· .adop~ed .and. ill'egitimate ~hildren: (R.A:" No. least: 1° mon'th'··af. service· (R.A. No. 1 ~ ~282, S(}c: 8, pa~. (k)).,· · 1q3q1; Se~. 30);. . . . .. : .4 ;:. · iiL A Filipino .§.eafc1(er, · upori signing of. th.e . Note: Although .. the· ·sss ts . rjot irit~ins1cQlly _standar.d .employment. contr:act "and . !'.' ... empowered.to tjE:ltermk1e.th(:) validity of marrlages;it . ·actual deployme:n't by the-,·mannir,g l.- . is··requir~cHiy Sec. 4:par. (b) (7)"0f ~.A.· No:. .8_282 to · . agency and· ·fne. fQreign· principal,. who :: : : · ·examine ·available statistical arid economic 'data .to ·~re considered .as the employers (SSS '.. .. ensure.. that" the. benefits· 'tall into the:; r!ghtful · . Guidebqok(?017),..P· 4); Bf!d :·. . . ·:. · . beneficiaries ·(SSS Azote,·G.'R .. ·No. 209741;·April . . ~- . :· ·15,.20_15).· . · ·. · . ·Note:' Under the -new SSS l~w. all seabased ·and land-based OFWs are no~ compulsory covered (R.A. No. ·t.1199,
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. .. .. 2019 SAN BEDA LAW CENTRALIZED·BAR OPERATIONS I 2.79
SOCIAL LEG·rs·LATIO'N ·. SAN·BfDA /,AW CENTRALIZED BA~ OPERATIONS - MEM(!RY'AID 2019
. iv. All employees . .9f a foreign government, iv. Th~ private .benefit plan . which the · . international · organization, or ·· their· · employer shall continue for his· . · wholly · owned lnstrumentality which · employees shall remain under· the entered into an 'agreement with the .§mploye(s rnanaqernent and control ,Philippin_e government for the lnclusron unless there i_s an existing··agre~mentto of such employees lnthe SSS (R.A. No. the contraryand · · · · 8282, Sec. ~· par. (j)). v. . Nothing in this Actshall be c,9nstrued as , . .. . . a I.imitation ·or:i: the riQht 6f employers and .· b. Er:npioyers: (PSGE) employees to.' agree -on .and adopt. i. . Any f.erson · who ··tarries . on Ir:, the 'benefits ~icl':i. are _.Qver and . above Philippines .. any . trade, bustness, -thoss providedunder this Act (R.A, No. · industry," undertaking, 'and 'uses the 8282, Sec: 9, p~r'. {a))., · · · .servlces-of.another person, except the, . '. ':G.~i:~rnment (R.A.' No. 8?82', sec. _a, 2. Vo!u.ritary: (NOV)' . . '' .. · , ' ,. '' par. (c));· ... · . .. a. -Non-wor.king.spo1,J$e .(NWS), who is legally · 'u. .' .§ocia~;-· civic, professional,· charttable, . ·married to a. member ..wl:!~ haaat least 1 . : · . andether non-prom organizations which · .: posted contribution, who devotes full time to . ' hire ..the- services. of employees' are . ·. ·rnana_gi~g_the·hoµsehold._an·d f~niily aftatrs.' _co~sidered · · ~employers"· · _(~~-..:__""""-=-~ and has never beenamembsr ersss (R.A. . . Gµ1debpok (201-7), p. 4); · ... ~~- lT .,,,~o: 11~9,9, .sec_9, par: (b));. · · : · iii. .A.n.Y foreign §oyei:n1Tiel')t;.,.,iJ:i~_r'n: fi!II ~-enefi~s .(SSS ~~ivate.pl~ns i,_vt,1'?h are~~si,t<3~~·1R~-~~~ ·•-.:\.~id~1!oolf·(2017),pp:_5-6)._.. · ... ·;· ' ,·· .. · force.· at the .. tim~ of ·,~mp.Jj1I;)ory '~. Ar /,.N;.. -.J!-.f,fP· , . . . . ... · .covetage ·_shall p_e integrated.:~i.tti:!~ lV.JUJ>t9.\JdfntF.uhd. Est<:',bli.shedunder t':1,e SSS Law ·plan oft.lie SSS in-such a w~y-where ttW'.==~-'fneSodal Securjty C0.mmissior-iis'.empowered by ·: ·em.player's ·COA,tribution to·. his private· : .the iawl ' . :. .. . . . ·_, . . ., · · · · plari is_'ri:icir~ tha·n.that n;:,.qui'r.ed. of '1iqi in ·. .' 1. To ·est~bli;;h. ·a: i;;r.ovide-~t fund· for the .members · _.. · this Act, he.sha!l ,p_ay.to the SSS only the . which ..wllf: c;onsist °9f .v.plu~tary coritrib_ut,i_ohs of .: .. c0ntribll,tion requlre.d·_ofhim and he·shal)· ·emp(qye.rs and/a~ . empl9yees, ,sel,f-employed ' 't::ontin!Je. ~is conVib,1,_1~ion to .such private, .and volurit~ry· memb~r.s Md' their earoings, ". ·, plan·less/liscontribution.to·thE!'SSS.so . the.·paymen~·of·benefits to such members or.· ... that, the. employer's total .contrlbuti_brl'to '. "their benenci;;iries, subject (9': suoh rules arid .. : 'his),enefi.t pl~n a.ni:fto_the· S$.S shall_b·e'· 'regulations a·s it)nay. pro·mulgate arid approved .· · ·. ~e $ame· as : his: contributjon to· his . . by the Pr~sident ~f. the .Ph)lippiries; and · .. : . ·. pr:jv~~e · penefjt .plart· befor_e. · thE:1· · 2. · To m't3intaln a provident ·fund .which.'.consists of . . . '. oompulsory_coverag·e: . . · contributions made bY. both. tt.ie ·~~-S. and iis 'iii. Any · ~hanges,. ·· .· ·adju.stments, officials and employees and ·.their- earnings, .tor · 'rr,odjtrcations, ' . elimihations· .: .. or.. the payrn~nl of bene'fits·. to 'such officials and .. jmproyements if!: .the, ,ben~fits qf. the: 'er:npJoyees 'or their· hei'rs ~nde,r such'terms ·arid remainitlg PfiVate · ·plan_ after tlie . conditions. as it inay prescribe (R.A: No. 828t ... integrati.on · ·snc:111: b~ ..subje~t · to· Sec. 4(2) & (3)). . · . .,.· agreements between ttie·· employers :.. · · · "and the empioyees concerned;'' ' . . . .
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SOCIA.L LEGIS·LATfON·· . SAN B!,DA lAW C£NTRA_L!£EDBAR OP£RAT/ONS - MEMORYAID 2"019
Effective Date -of Coverage_ . 1: ·compulsory Coverage a, Employer on first day he/she hires the first employee (SSS Guidebook (2011), p. 7); · · b. Employee - on the ·first day of employment (SSS Guidebook (2017),·p. ?): . · · c. ·self-employed - on the month and. year of .first monthly contribution> provided that.it is: not earlier. than the declar.ed "Start of: Business" (SSS ..Guidebook (201°7), p, 7i._ : .
. _Bene.fits: (MR· SMS:DJJF) 1. t4qnt~ly Pension Retirement Benefits · 2·.. .§1ckness .Benefits : .· . · . · 3. Maternity-Leave Benefits 4. g_alary Loan ·. . -. . 5-. ~errna'n'ent.Disability Benefits . .. 6. ·• Q.ependent's Pension . · 7 ... Death· Benefits . .&. -funeral Benefits
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on .the applicable month .and ·_year 'of the first contribution . . payment, upon: approval of .his late registration as: a· self-employed member · (SSS .Guidebook (?017), p: 7). : . . ·
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Note:· The new la\\! includes a-new provision Oil µnempl9ym_ent.insurance. or Involuntary separatton. benefits .(R.A_. No. 11199, see. f4~B). (Refer. to the table provided at the. en·d of the' discussion for the
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uponrendering at least 1 l\llonthly Periston . month 9f service (R.A. No. 10361,. 'Sec: 30) -. · · Morith!y pension shall be the h_ighest of the following: ·. · ·. ·~h{l 1. P300 plus 20%·of aver.age monthly salary credit" Voluntary C~verage ·. ·.: . :;/ .. (AMSC} plus 2% of AMSC for each-credited year a. ·OFW --:. upon ·first payment of:-e:ontriby(iprj;(;.·,;'\ . of ser.vice in_excess of10 y_ears; or . based on the payment deadline for .Offy?IJ:';.;,{i f:j' 2 .. 40% of AMSC; .. or . · · .· · whf~h ~ay be . earl!er · t~an the datej p.f,:;,J!;.,;,.~~·p.1 ,00<}.(&.A: No. B282, Sec. '12(a)). . . .reg1str~t1on (SSS Guidebook, _2017, R;_;'1);./__,:,f/~t1,i;!;,,=t::-:·.,j . . :· · · . . . . . · .., -.: · · · . . -._,,r<--::f:' ·. . \.J .. _Note:'T-h.-e·.".}Of't!ily pension shall)n no case be paid · ·_Note:.Under· the.new S~S l~~···'~F;Ws ar~·~',...,_!i;\:.: for an.agg;~~?,te 'amount of less than- 60_ months . now .~on;ipulsory coyere_d,},'.B~!:tce, · i_QP--,.,...1\ (R,A No. ~!2~['2,fjiec._ 12(a)) ... · . . . effectivity date·take effect 9p-Jh'.eflr:~~y 9f r.1 , . . . ";( J, ~\ .: . , . . . his employment·(R.A. ~9-;.:.1·119i(pi?c710);_ Mlnimu!jf _Pe siJ~ · . ·· . . .. . . . ,.. · . ·. .· . ·. : '·,. · (.~~;, "5),i::::: .. :, . :.~~ r/,1. ·1,-.~1,2_00 Jl!!?r_~e.m~~ with at least 10.,years b; Non~workmg spouse·.~__.-,,-:on~·tn\~~;-,'ijphc~!~,.r"1 · cr{i~\~~1i$7 · · i'rlont.?· a_nd. year of _tK~..,!if%t:-::P.~Y-i;nenF~ · ·.2. P2-;-4:QQ::._..;:,fo~men;ibefs'with at l~ast.;20:year~ . _ ... -~_ontnqut!on (SSS Gt11debq_01j:.:,Z@~'<°/>.P· 7);;_ ... [-.'{ . cred1ti:id -~ervi9e (f?:A No_. 82_82, ·s_ec. 12. (b)). · 9. Separat13d member_":"' _on tl'l'e rr10.~t9,.,pe!she ·. l·~m . . . . .· · . ·: . . . ·.. · . '. res~med ··paym_ent of contn.l;>t.1t.J_.ow (SSS_.Jt-:~l·fl.~tt,=~f... P.J:~v!.s1on·on.~dd1tl0nal·~e_nef1t Allowance 1s. _ ~wdeboof$, 2017;_p. 71,_ .· · -'{:{ . .r(Y'-:--~~-m0l1:1def:!Ct1ri~er:the .new ~SS law,(R.,1. No.-_ 11_199, d,
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Withdrawal.of MembE!rship_ . · : . . . ~~'--.:!;,:', ' . · An:iember cannot withdraw his membersl,)ipwith the·· SSS. s.ince: rheniber~hip with· the.. sarne -is fc;>r. life.. Howevlalr, a ·.111!:lmber who ·,was· i:iep_arated· fforh. employ.m_e_r.it'Or ceased to .be a ·self~employed ·or OFW. has the op.tion , to continue · paying· SSS ¢ontFibutions,as·a voluntary m'emb.!;ir.to m~ntain the · right to· full-. benefits provi~ed bx the SSS (SSS. . Guidebook (201-7), p. Bf. : . . . .. . · ' . . · . Effects.' :of
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Depende~t'-'s -~en~i<>n . . · · ' .·. . .· . · 1:. There·is:monthly pension. payabli (:H). accoµnt of .d~ath; p~rma·nenttotal d~sat)ility.:or".retirement;'. ... 2. Equivalent to 10% of monthly pension·or:?250.--· . · . whiche..ve~- is higher; ·. . . · . . ·. .. . .' · .' 3:.· Payal:>le .to. each depend.ant child conceive-clon... · _· or before .the date· of the con~ingenc·y but no~ · 1 . · exc-eedjhg .l?, beginning with the :youngest and ·without .. siJb,stitutidri, . with .· pieferen9,0· · on. legitimate -child~~~ {f?_.A t:Jo. · 828-Z, Sec:· 12-A) .. , ·
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· 1 :·· H.e' s11an ·not be requir:,ed·tc:i pay cqritributions for : · .. N'ote; The monthly . pensi6ri and ·dependent's· ·that month:: .. · · . ~ . ' · ... 'pehsiQr:tshall be· silsp~nded.upon .the re·employrt1ent. . or.r!;}S!Jmp~ionof self·employ·ment qr the recoyery of 2. : He·niay, however, be ailowlald to'contir.iue paying . .· · the· disabled· merri.ber · frorn.. his· .permanent total . contributions under the sarne rules.applicable.to. disability -or his failure to .. present hirnself for. a ·separated cov.ered employee member. - examination at least once a year upon· notfoe by tHe. No reJroactiv~'payment of c911tributions shall be 'sss (R.A.. No. 8282, Sec: 13-A.(c)). . allowed .other·than as pres.cribed under Sec.i2-· . . ·-- .. A of R.A. No. 8282 (RA No. 8282; Se.c,. 11:·A) ..
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Retirement" Benefits . it is a cash benefit paid either in monthly pension or as lump SUffi' to a rliel'nber who Call no. longer work . due to old age (SSS Guideoook (W17), p. 70). ·
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Death Benefits Upon death .ot a member, who has paid at least 36. .' monthly contribution prior to the semester of death: 1. His primary beneficiaries as of the date of his retirement shall" be entltled lei" · the monthly . .. -oensfomand ·· · . . 2. rt he hasno primary beneficiaries, his secondary· benetlclarles shall· be: entitled to a, lump -sum . benefit equlvalent . to · 36 times · the, monthly _pensi_on.. (R.A.No: 8~-82, Sec.. 1_3). · · · ' · · Upon death of member; 'who has riot" paid' the required: 36 monthly contribution, his primary qr secondary .beneflciaries shall be entitled.to a lump· sum' benefit equivalent to the monthly pension times. the number of monthly contribution pald to jhe $SS_ .or ·1 ~- times the monthly pension, whichever is·higt:ler (R:A No. 8282,·Sec: _13)" . · · ·
Requirem.ents: -' .. . .. · 1. A member who has· paid at least 120 monthly. · contributlons prior to-the semester of retirement shall be entitled to monthly pension as lonqas · he llves.vprovlded that: .< · • · • • a. · He has reached the age of 60.. ye.ars and ·is ·· already separated fromemployment.or has ceased to self-employed; 'or · . . , : .. b. · He has reached the ~ge of 65 years·.(R.A. . No. 8282 ; $eci 12:...B);or . . . . c. ·He is a. surfaceor underqreund rnineworker whose date of a9Jual· re~irement is not earller ·than April 21, 201'6 (SSS.Guidebook (201.7), at 70); _ . . or .. : .· · - · · . ~-=-----···~ . d. A total.· disabili~y ~~nsione~:· ~h,9,,..,-.ffas.·,r .-Y ·rto"t~ti~~-rderfor-the beneficiary of an..E_1mployee to . recovererHrom:d1s_ab1l1ty and ~s1~fiea~t 60 J.tf, /el'},litle~JR death benefits: under t~e the yea~s old (SS$ (3wdeb9ok{,.~ff?,"'{lt _of~d~tht9fthe;_emplo.ye.e must bea sickness ., • ·· ·· ~;!'' · ~),,:;,~ _ hste·~i\!g~n.pb~'be:~t1ona1·disease by E?~; or: any . ..~ot~. The member ha5. the_~~Uo~t9;fce1_;'.,;-""D!.~"'=:Jr="'"other.~,~-~~~~us1a{l.by _employment, ~u?!~c;t to proof first 18 ,:nont~~y ~ensi_oh~f~J.llrtJJP§.l!.A'l.. at~ .,7, 1Rat the"r'.s'ktfl\<::~!~~fl•i:,gthe same is lncreased by pref~rential rate of. !ntere,,aN.~~fmm(
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2. A co~ered h,emb~~.wh~(~(f:y.~ar-s·olf but,;a. . .· ,,-,=-~\ 1:9t ~bl~.' to -~O~_tribute~ ~e,~t _1.2.0\!'1onttY...; '.> .~®_'lit,y·aene~t~. :i_ !i · . ·. .· ,. . .. . . _co~tneution~ . pr_,o~ tq K·ta.,f'\,ern~1~\of ·.~•~Tu.~~p~mi ·!t:e 'Y,"1rl~ -My')\lth ~rg_amzat1on s_ defm1t~on retirement _shall still betent,tte~:to_'9,,.J~rnµ.sum:~·"'=of •..?.!!ii!J~t}' ;;i~ anyAt:estnction or lack_ (r~~~lti~g · be.nefit ~qual _to the Jot~:-c~nyjputib~~~~"i::iji;l,·bY:.'5\1 J.,.··lfo~na.1t.fne11l~o~~Jl1ty t~ perform_ an. act1v1~y·1n . him . and ·on his· behalf, wo~ed, \e _is ~;::It~e)~~Defr.O.lj?yv1t~mf·t)ie·range, c?ns,der-e~ nor~al. from employr.nen~:and r~_iiO! conti~\t_ing .~o~~~r:iJ!1~g, t~fs~s red~s,gned th~ W?ntmg · of contributions to the sss~~n his (R:¥'.,~S,,./~~~~~~-~r at least·5·ye_ars. .'.· - -:=sc!llen~ Fe_atures,af th_e.New· D1sab1hty .Prograr:n. · ·. ·(eitheF continuous or 'accuim.Hated}'prior:to the . 1. · l,Jse of, th.e·, new Manual. ·on. Meqical. Ben.efits. semester .-of reffrement.· as . certified , by. his . . · : (Disabilfty,: Sicl the lr.iterpational· · not.· ·. . · . Classification of Diseases ·arid Rel~\ed ·Health 2. T.he··ce.rtification m0st i~dicate th~ underground ., . Prog"rams c~qes (l<;D~ 1.0). and inctucies·the most or ·.. · su·rfa.ce :-. mi.new.orke~s ·: · · position . recenfmedicarn:ian~gern_shtof lllr\e$ses/injurl~s title/designation arid°jJrop.erly"·supported by. the . and their . correspqnding ratir~s. · It :.nas · b_een ·worker'1> jqb description;·. · .. . . · . . .· ·, valida!ed·.. internationally· ~nq locally bY· .'the . . 3. -The e_niploy.e'r niu$f b·e duly registered ·with ·tli'e . · · differenn~)e"dicalsocietie~_. .;_ · · Mines ,and.. Ge_6$9ie,:i.c~s Bureau :as. ·miriin_g. 2. · 1he .eva{~ation _guid.e!in~s .of. i.llnesses/inJL!ries· company or .. contractor,. perrnittee:· Qr -permit . also _consider the cvr.rent.p.hys1cal state of the holder (~SS Guicl_ebdok..(2017), p. ·7_1). ·· rn_ember:Jhus! ~llowiiig :several .cla!m~ _tq be· · evaluated first ·based on .supporting·document$· :-Suspension of Mont!lly flensi~·n : . .. . : ··(SSS G11idebopk.(2017), p. 62). · ' · The monthly pension shall be· susp·endad upon the ·· . · ·.. . .re-employm_er:itor-res~mption of seif-employm~nt of.' .. a retired. employee. who •js less ttian 65 years old (R.A. No. ~282,. 12-B·(c)). . .
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.282· I 2019SA~ SEDALAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS.
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SAN BEDA LAW CENTRALIZEDBA.R OPERATIONS'.' MEM,OflYAID 2019 l&Wi@Mii#iY>tjiA't &A&P
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°C;i°4alified. Person. fo~ D.iSabllity ~enefii under the
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.. · . · ·· · ~\· A member Who ·suffers 'partial qr total permanent }:: disability;_with at teastt monthly contribution paid to the S.SS prior to the semester of ,contingency, is Aualifif!lc:I (SSS C3qicJ.e.b,o_ok-(2017), p. 62) ... ·
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It shall be paid in .lurnp, sum if the'. period is. less than. 12 ·months (R.A: 8282, Sec. 13-A .(h)).
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For multiple 'partial disabilities,' they.shall be
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additive when related or deterloratinq - the percentage shall-beequaltothe number of ·~·. · · months ··the. partial dlsablllty is entitled to f;- The disabl~d: member shall .~gain. 'be subject. to. divided by if) months. (e.g, loss· ofsiqht in · t· compulsory· .coveraqe and .considered . a new· ope eye .7 25/75; 'loss of arm 7.·50/75; 'if ·.member if: , . · .. . · . . . · both occur due ta same cause, 'then 25/75.+ ;s· -.!·· Hehasreceived alump Sl.11!1 benefit; and· · 50/15 .. =. 100% sq "treated as ft it- wer~ .1 ·: 2. . Is· reemployed qr has: resumed ·setf-employm~nt · permanent total. dis.abilily) (R.A.' 82/32; Sec. ;· ·· not earlier than 1 · year: from the date of his . ·· 13°A (g)) · · · · · · · ·' .-.},;.·· d.isa_bility .(R.A' No. 8?,821° $ec •. _1·3~A/. . 3.. · 'J\~ide · from" disability· benefit, a supplemental , · allowance·of _PpOO ls paid to -the total .or partial ,',;~: lnjurie.s:oeem~d as:Pe,:mai:ient Total Disabilities: .:di~pility pensioner to-meet the extra needs ":; . (ELPIS) ... · · · . . . · · . .. · . arising from . his disability· (SSS· Guidebook ·1:· Conipleteios~·ofsightofboth.§yes; .·. '. (2017);p. ~sj_.·_. .... :._ .; ... . .: . *i. ·2.· . Loss of 2 Limbs at or above the ankle or wrists;· :'4. Total 'QiS.ension payable every·Qecember andin case of 4.: Brain injury/esulting to incurable· imbecilil~?(/);( partial disabtllty pensioner, a 131h month.pension . : !n_s~nity;and· .. · ·· . . · f.._-..f./:·:'!'\ $haHbe paid; p~vid_ed.!ti.at the pension.duration 5. ·_such cases as deter.minedand approved by·IIJ¢.'; .:~i'.tl · is at ljlast J2 months.(SSS Guidebook (2017), p. ~: §.SS (A.A. No .._8282, Sec:. p-A (d)): · :· ') (./.,; ...-.:y'f~~6~). (.1, . .... · .. ~:.' ·. .. . ·. . ·. ·: · . ·. . . . . .. · . . . . . · .,,-,}- '(,.,...,,1p~~s.~.-.,As-:-of,:..!.Ja,nuary ~, 2017, · all t9tal .d1sab1hty · l~j_uries Oeeme.d as.f>e.rniarre!ltParti~,-~-!~a6iliJy:\.,,/. ,pefi~ioA~fi~.a~e.. a)~o . entitled. ·10. an·.·adqitio~?I A co~pl~te. and perrtranent loss qf ustofanyof th~~~:-'::;{ · . · P1·,0~0 jl'ie£1efi!011. top . of:_th?rr com puled ba_s1c fol!qWing.b9dy parts:'. ·}...'.),/!., . .,,;/ r\ mpnlhly iwlt,sron_ (S..SS Gwdebook (2017), p. . b';_, , ·I ,• ".i':z# t,• ·55a 1. ··., 0 ne. t.h tim . • . . ... .. ,,.-d-,-:> 4:. · on.e.big t9e; .·. ·. · -~/ vrx:.'?" · .c:~,. f,;1 · i · r1 · · · ,·~~·~'i'!~ 3. . One index.finger;. . {?~--7 .. ~'): "- '. ·~. )•:.\ ~] \:'·..J:/ ·=-.:f";J:.,.._. ,..,, .·· f;,,· I . .4 . · One· . . . hand· . . '. . . .. j}. ., ·. , ..:$?. 5 ... One middle finger; ·,,.." . .c,,.y;,•'.l . One·foot; ... ·. · · . · .,~.....;i..: i' 1 ·• ;,.• z',r.7;ril · 9, ·· One:rittJe·finger·· ·· (.1:i-''' ;,~;r,.:::r;i.1!'1···• ·:u!:.'.;,.d!~i:\ · .(rf , t~/ ·10. One.leg;. . r}, ·. {7'v .. · ·
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.:... Perl'ri;:t~~nt · bisabili.ty . ee·ne~.ts ... E'llgi.bility ;:· ·~e·quirEiments ··. =. . · • . _ • •. _ '; . ·. ·. MemEier·shall nave '36 .o,onthly contributions prior to .th~ semester' of, disabil.i.ty; sam~ death benefit;. only 'difference.il?· that the, p'ension.is paid 'dire~tly to the _memt:>er(R.A.-.82821 Sec .. 13-A (a)). · ·. ·
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~e:n~er.tia.s'pald·at:least ,S6 nioii~nly.co·ntributi9ns · .,· t · tti ··· · · t f 'd th · · d' ·bn,1 (1 . _pnqr. o .. _e · se_m.es_et .o ea ~r 1sq · 11 .,. .
·, .Primary beneficiaries: : Membe~ (t.CHAN,"s1ipra If·· · none, · ·. secondary ~(423); . ·. ': ... · . be·nefici~r,ies·are· er:ititled to . a'. lunip sum 'benefit' · ·equa'J to .36 times .the ·. · · monthly. · .. pension . (1
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.,in .case. 111,e .permanent1y·dis·a.bled.memJ:>er.c;l!es;
CHAN, suprii at.'4.20)._- ·
~:' . . . . : it WC>Uld be given the. same tr~atment a'S a· retiree ,: dying. . · .. .' ·. . · ·· · · · 2. For. permanent P,artiar·9isab\lity, the pension is not lifetime (e.g: loss· o.f thumb entitles m'3n,ber . to only.1°0 'months of penslOf'l, 'While los·s Of arrri ,.to 50:m
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.Ben~fits: sbaf be a lum'p sum equal. ~he mon~hly pensi9r:i ti'!les·the n·iimberof mon.thly contr,ibutior:is pal.~· to SSS'..or :1~ times the·-moi:,th_ly ·pension, · \ whi.chever ts hlghe((1 CHAN, supra ·at 420 &,423)-'
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20i9 SAN SEDA.LAWCENTRALIZEQ BA8 OPl::RATl~NS
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SOCIAL· L.EGISLATION 5AN- BEOA
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LAW C£NTRAUZED·BAROPERATIONS-
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3.. Where the claim for rembursernent Is made after 1 year from· the date o(confineme_nt (R-A. No.· 8282; Sec. 14).
. Funeral Benefits . The funeral grant is. the amount .gi~en to wh'omever pays the burial expenses of the deceased member or pen~ioner (SSS r;_uideb~ok (2917), p. 99). Note: ·Starting P..ugust 1, _2015, the amouht pf the . . funeral, grant· was- increased to a .var)able amount ranging from a minimum.. of P20,0,00. tc>" a maximum 'of P~o,ooo;_; depending on the 'member's' · pald contributions and credited -years of service (C.YS) _(S~S_"Gufdebook (~017); p. -99), ·· · · siekn.ess Bem~fits. . l.t is a·d~i!y·cash ailowance·paid for the number ·of: days a member is ui:ia.ble- to work: due to sickness or · injury ($SS :Guid_ebook (4017),' p. 40). .- · ·.
MEMORY'AID ::1019
SiiflEtEEIEMMI
· Maternity Leave Benefits . . A female member who has paid .at least 3 monthly contributions in.. 'the . 12-month period immediately . ·preceding the semester · of . her childblrth or. miscarriage shall· be ."paid a daily maternity .benefit . equivalent to 1 OQo/o. Of her average daily salary credit . for 60 days or 78 days: in .case of. caesarian dsllvery (R.A. Nq.:8.282,-S.ec. 14-A): ,
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. · Qu;litic~tions · tor:. irit1t1ement .. Maternity .Bc:1nefiJ: (M~N-P3) . . . · . . .. . · 1·... Thefemale membershouldbean-Saa Member; +Requlrements: ·(u4:P3-AN) ·.. 2_. . Shemust be ·gmployed at tlie time of delivery • .. A. member ls qualitied avail of this benefit if:. . . ,•: : -.: · . miscarriage or a~ortion; . . . .:". : . . . '. 1. ·. He: is !,!nable to work due· to slckness or"j_nj.1,1r:y_,,;.,...,;,-:~d_,~·She must have_ g!ven the r~qµired ~0~1f1ca\1on to and conflned either in a hospital ·~.r .~..t.-l:l'6"'~efo_r U· "' ~":t].1'1~~SS. !hru her employer; ~n.d 1• • least 4 days; _. . · . . P\..· ':"l!llr .eTo~J_eyer mus~ h~ve ~a1? ~t least ~ months. 2: He has·'e_i:iid at least imonth14>f~tr:ib~j_oi:is~~~..;:..-,,,;;_oJ1:1J.t~[litY.·CX?ntnbut1ons w1th_m the 1.2-_mon~ . within the 1.2-~ontn p~riq~ ~r{~if11'efy;8ef~~~-"" .1 · 'ilEll:!?'to( the _.. ~ecovery-. of ~1ck~~s13 . coi:,"fir:iem~nt, _u~le~ such- conf11T~~.Dtai~l1~ , ~~"1~t~:~&'1~e~by th1s_-~ct for t~e same penod r · · hospltal or the ·s_mployef!. l;>"icame}i~'o(JI.a,~. )t.. ·.;cf· J\ ~yer is NOT NE;CESSA~Y·(R.,4, No, 8282,· , ~-- bE: p_ai~ ?i:i!( for· t_he first. fpur deliv.eries or -Sec, til. (3)). · · . _.., :· · ·. _m1sGa_rnages;·. · · . . . . . . . · ·· · 5.. . The·· SSS .shall immediately: Reimburse, the -rf ·6onfii:iecJ · at the. hospital, ·r.1qt1iieatior:r" is· n~t · · ·emp-1oyer -1.oqo/o ot'ttie amouriLot-·maternity .. necessa·c,y (R.A. NO.· 8282; Sec> 1-4.{3)).: . . "b~nefits. a?Vanced to. the' emplpyee .. by the : · · :, ·. -' · · ' · · · ·· ·. : ·.. ei:npl9ye_r· upon .receipt of sa.tisf.adtory _proof of 2. By tl")e Ernpl
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2019 SAN BFDA LAW-CENTRALIZED BAR _OPE.RATIONS.
SOCIAL 'L~-G'JSLATION .,
SAN lf£DA 1,AW CEN1:,lAL_IZWBAR OPERATIONS - MEMORY AID 20,"9
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N()n~Transferabii°ityof Benefit~. .the SSS shall promptly paythebenefitsprovlded to · persons entitled thereto in accordance with this Act, under the· following: conditions: (DFBI-MNL") .· 1. The SSS shallpay the retirement benefits on'the · day of contingency to qualified members .who have submitted the necessary ·Qocurrtents at least 6 months before; • · · "\. . The · 201.f!. DOl,.E Handbook-orJ-· Workers' Statutory 2. The beneficiary who is a national of a Foreign i:' ...·: . Benefits is NOT withinthe coverage of the 2019 Bar, . country' which does not ext~rid benefits. to. •· nonetheless, · for the purpose~ of uniformity,· the ·. Filipino beneficiary reslding in the Philippines, or t · Citations are updated to. the. 'tetest version: Rest essured. thet tne contents hereincited tromth«· 2019 which is not recoqnized by 'the. Philippines, shall . ~ DOLE Heruibcok is iM· same as those ·under-the · not be entitled to· recelve any benefit under .this version.. Act; . . . . .· ·:~.. 20.1.8 . 3. ,Where the: .!;!e$t [nterest of the sss ~Ill be .. \. Salary Loan . · , .· · . . served, the Commission may direct payments.' !t . is . a · loan privjlege _'granted by s~s . to· eligible. . . without rega.r9 to" . nationality or country of ·~, . · members to meet their. short-term .needs · (SSS . residence; . . . . . ·{ Guidebook (2017), p. 115), · . 4. · If. the recipient is a M-lnor or Incapable of 1. · administering his o-..m.-·affairs, the Comrnlssion {.. Persons Qu~lified: (EGADU) · ·. . . ,;"\(",.(\._ . s_hall _ . appoint . a · representati~e.... Such . ·1 .. All currently· .§mplo¥ed, c~rrently cont~1b1JJ~~v-, ."!~) ap~.o!ntm_ent shall not be ~ecessary !n c:.:\~e the n. :·,se\f-emp~oyed _or voluntary mem~er. · . ·. f!.l:: ':·:;} ·. recipient rs under the custody of,or._hvrng.wrth t_he·. ~ ·· a. For a .t-rnonth loa_n, the mernber-~9rr~fr[:;,',.,.;,~-,1~J?i:lrent~j>f ~pouse of the member__,n whrch case -''.° ..•. · · m1,1st have 36 posted mon.thly contnl;l!..(\Jon~f-'J!,1~:i:..'..;.}he.-9,en~fltsshall b~ .paid to su.ch parent~ ·.or .· 6 of which ·should.· be within··Jhe_;)lst ·12','./' f ( sp'6use'!?"las· · representative payee .. of the . months prior. to., the . montta(J1'if".filing i;,f.\J< recipientf)'~ . . . . . . .. . . '· ~-; appllcatiort · · : '. ·.·\f;,jf. · ),';-:rtl 5. Such b~net\Js.are Ncit transferable and. no power b> _. For a .2-month loar.r." .t~e· ~.t~#lb~;,B~tfQwe.r · i'.~ of att9"¥n~~.o~oth~r document ex~cuted by \hose ~-. : must have 72 pos_ter;i .COl')_,t_ri-150,ti~n~~-l ~\ entit!tld_t~ere~~ i? favor of any ag:nl, c1ttprhey or .6 · of wh_lch .should. '!i>e~..,,,th,~h-:_e.· last· 1 ?'\. anY,l'qt~etyer~on for the collectron ·thereof on . mon!hs._-''pri~r ·10 tt$' ,.1nio~h ,i;H~:jilin!J{;i9f_· · 1;,;1 , 0a1~~~~_!pbe recognized, .except when ... api:ihcallon. ·· '. '. :-,.,~ P_2,~'f) ·. f'-.. . \~ .. Vil. tht::y·a·£¢,,J;ltiysically unable to collect per.sonally. 2. Jh_e,rr:,em!l.er~borrowerh_as·pot')':~b'.eer{~ran,te,<;I·:: ~.tr su~h bene~ts; · · . . fin~I SSS ber,ef!t.(i.e. tota! f?e~ri:ia9ent·.~.~s~bilify,_ .\~;,...-?,,--,hi c_~se of· deal~ bene_fils_. if·_-no benefjciary, . · rebreme~t•. or- death)... ~owever, rff~a;it-'benefit__.-;/,..,,.',-!( f1q1:1a-'.\f.Les und~r this APt, s~1d · benefits shall be ~. was cancellea · due ' to re-ern:qioyment1:'or_.;~-~..:'.'..l:laiiH6~-the Legal heirs in accordance· with· the reco.vetyfrom di~abitity, the friem~tJ-shali;,iag~in . . . .. law·of succession.(R.A, No. 8282, Sec: 15). . ~be quali.fied,.subject to the ter~s-an'c:lt-QH.\"S!!Jibns.. . . . · . · · : . ·. · . . ._fir; 3., · The.member-borrower must be under 65 years·. · Dµtr.es·Qf.the Employ.er:(Pay-DR2 l<:AN) . ·· . · , ~:· . . or Age at_!he.lime\~f appltC?tiOri. · . . .. ·. . ·. . 1 ... Pay ~mpJoye_r.'s?O.ntij~ution in acoorclari~e with Ej· 4. ··The-.member-bc;>rrowerh.as not been Disqualified . the sc.hedule pr.ovided in this Act (R.A, No. 8282, ·due-to frr;tud·cornfr1it~ed:agaihsl'the SSS:. : St;{C.' 19-(a)}; . . :. . . . . : .. ·. 5. ·. Th.e. -~R 'of ttie member-borrower must·· be.". 2..· To Qed.uct'and to remit ernploy.ees'.conlributions . •.. ·. !,!~ated. {n th~ paymehf.0f· ~mployees' SSS.· . ·(R.A. No; '8?82, Sec.· 22 (a));.· · · · .. · ;i ·contributioh!3· · and. lo~r'i · remittances. (SSS 3.- ~ ,Beqµire, as a cqndition to. ·employment, Uie ffi_.:: . ·Guidebook (20.1i), p. 115): · · ·. · . · · presenta!ion.of a registration r1um1;>e_r seeured l'>Y. · ~ . . . .. . . . the. prospectjye employe~. from, the SSS ·in , LQanable Amount" · . . . · · ·accordance. with such, prqced\.rre as 'tiie ·s$S A 1-montti salary loan is ·aq~ivalent to .the· av.e'rag·e·· . may.adopt (R.A. No. '828?, Sec: 24 (e));·. ·. - . of·the.member-borrower's latest 1-2 Mont~ly_ Salary · 4. lmme
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2~nionth salary Joan.· is -eq'u.ivale.rit.to twice th~ ..... av.e~age the. member~b6rrower's. latest posted l' · MSCs, roufided to the next higher MSC, or.· the \.~ .· am"ounr appiied for, whichever is" IO~er. bu~ n_ot to /:· exceed P24,000 (SSS Guidebook (2017), pp. 115-. 116). · · · · · .
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{R.A·;· f:1.0. a.282, Seq. ·24· ·
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_!Se~p true and accurate work· records for such period and containing .such· information as.:the . · · ·commission may prescribe (RA. No. 82(12, sec. ,· 24 °(b}); .· . · · - · ·. ·
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LAW cer,ffRALIZED ~AR OPERATIONS 1 . ..
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·SOCIAL LEGl,SLATl:ON SA_N (}!DA LA~ CENfRAµZED BAR OPERAT/ONS ·- MEMOR._Y·AID 2019
·s. ~dvance . the full_ payfl)ents of ~h~· · maternity
Remedies · for
. leave benefits within 30 days from the filing of · ,:the mat13mity·leave applic.~tion (R.A. No. 8_282, :Sec, 14.(b)J;·afld · 1. J:!qtify .the ~s'$ ot the confinement within s . ·calendar days after receipt of the ·notification ·. '·, · from .the· employee member (R.A. No. · 8282, Sec. 14 (c)).
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·i~ · The employer sha.H. pay to the SSS .Qa.mages for .... .. . . . · .
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Required
SSS in the. same manner as taxes are made collectible under the N,ational lnternalRevenue Code (R._A. No. 8282, Sec. 22, par. (b)); . · · . 2. By an Action in court by the Commission, which shalt hear and olspose of the. case in preference to any other-civil action- (R.A.- No. 8282-& .R.A. No: 1-11-9,9, .sec. 22, par. (c) (1)); and : 3. _~By issuing a Warran.t ~o )he Sheriff of any province .or city cornmaridlnq him to levy upon . and sell ·.any real, and personal property '·of the . debtar. .-The She'riffs' sale ·:)Jy. virtue of 'sald . :y.rarrant. shall b.e governed .bY fl;le . same· procedure prescribed for executions · against .. property. upon ·ju~gml;ints by. a. court· of record (R.A. No. B282i Sec. 22,: par. (c:.)(2)): ·
.: Liabilities of the Employer: (PD) . . · · 1.. -P~y a fenal~y thereon of 3% per month from the the contribution falls due until paid, for his failure 'to deduct 'and remit contributions (R.A. : N6>a2a_2,.'sec. ·22.(a));
Failure.
Contributlon; (<;;AWJ. .· 1. If shall be .Q.ollected by the
his failure. t~' remit the· required contributions, Qr tor ·.his failure to report on matters required upon hlrn., 9dor.·his misrepresentation of the true date . of ~mploymentof.the employee member; · ·, _.~- . . - ,. . · . . · ·--~~ '· · 1f 1. ~~eilrt1~~ns.fromT~; '-:~g~I P~ocess, and_L,enNote; ::fhe. ngh~_of the ~mploy,ee tOflP~!·t~i:the }_1··-q\~e~:S~~andall its assets a_nd p~ol:_lert1~s_,.,a11· necessary actio_n against th~~Rl9~ef>._,i).o.:::===--""-""'-~Q.o.nt~1;»t10_~ c_oll~cted and all_ accruals thereto refuses or neglects to remit cop~b.utidpsmay.be . ar:icl 1hcome,ir-.1nvestment-eamingstherefrom as commenced \Nithin 20 yeari frd~.tl:!e"tia:i&'t!Ye"' ...'?;;.,..;,,,,""~~~~al(~pplies, · equipment, papers, 'or. delinquency is known orJ';t@-·;i{.!!~s~fu~n.t1~. "ir' ,·;;;· .docvm-e.[t~;::,il,)alibe exempt from' any tax,. -made- by the. sss, __or rrofo. thi-~!tneth~ b~n~fit ~>\\. .ass ssm~pt, fe,ff:,-'~charge, .or :customs. or import ac~ru.e.s,_.as.. the· case mh..:.~!l,_;phe ·pr~~E!:!e!.l~~,t'':1,f'''\ __ d,ut!'~and :\ (ff ) , . · . penod,does·not comme,rce.,wh~n-tt:ie 6bligation 2. 1>.rr 1.'.>,enefit f?.aY.,ffi;~ ts m?de by the SSS shall to p~y tt\e Pt:~milJmS acru~(:l.J{~· v.. c~.\G.R~:?i·ij~ t-("""'~Jik~~-iseb~ iitem~t1 .rom'all kind~ o~ ta~es·, fees, . . 128~67; December 17, ,19f).9)! . \'. ·. r,;J. or fCharge~ri~an1 ~ ~hall. ·not be hable to· b':.....1:-/. aft.;i·[email protected]:ents~ga,rnishments', lev~\·or seizure by .An emplt>yer w.ho·fails to r~~o:rrfjis e ,, I)~'. ~e .f<;>f)Ji' I ')"""'~.ofl'.bl®~r fahlJ.~s a p_E}naltY..C:l,. _fl3~Jl,"'1...r-f\~)2~¥'~eq. -16tf _.· ,. ·. , ·_ . .: · · .per. mo·nth• and· ·· · '\., ..1"~....: ~:./ ~..-._ ff' . . · ', .. · 3.·· E!e heJd·JiJbie'for a Qrimfnal offeh$e!p-'1s~l~-==-"'_R&"oii.';!_0J;.~*:'Exe.i:11ption: · by ~n.e·1:frtcf/or impris_o1:urient.. · _·· .;'-.VJ..· · -~ [.J;~~~i~-;:'lo~~;ir-ofthe_ state is e~ercised J6r-.'the ... _.,. _.,, _ .. . · ·: .- ~-....:. ~'. ll:'-p~of.r'.31s1ng,.'.eve_nu~s. :l::iowever, -~mder our N.ote: Ail._ etnploye·e. is still :entitled .to ·social -securii';"'=-=--s_o·c1at-Security Law,· the e1:1p~asisis .tnor~ ·on .the. b~nefit~ even· if t:,is employer fails ·or'r-eflises to remit . .. promotion. of th~· g·~nerat .welfare. The Act is ·not a . · n)s cqntribution.lo the·-sss '(Gapayao v. Fu/o, G.R. .. P<;1rt. of our· lntern'at ~evenu.e Code ·nor..are .the .. · NQ. 1. 9349$, ·June 13, 2013). . · _ . · · . :· contri!;>utions and premiµms. dealt with and ·provided · · · for, crillectibleJ>y the E!IR.- The.Junds confributed·to'. :-:,' . ·, .. Re~ittance.bf Co~tributlons' . the SystElm.belong to·the.rhemb~rs.who reeeivEi . . •· -~- benefi'ts, a:s a- matter c:if righ(wO:en~ver·the 'h~zards prQv,ide~by the law occur (CMSEstate;'Jnc.v. Social ·sec.urity System, ~.~; ·No. L-2fn9BJ S,epteinber28, ,1 :··-. . Within .. the_..- first R~m_it qlia'rterly such 19~4). ' . . . . 10 days ofeach calendar dates· and sahedules as month : . 'toil.owing : . th~ )::o'mtnission. may month for which they are p_rescribe ·a'pplicable; ·2. · ~ ... Within such time . . . . · · as the Commission may =' · · . . prescribe . . .. . . . \ . ·. . . . (R;A.·No: 8282, S~.22(a)).
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,28!> I .201\3 SAN BEDA LAW C.ENTRJ;>.LIZEP BAR OPERATIONS
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'SAN BEDA ~W CENTRALIZEp. BAR OP~RATIONS.- MEMORYAJD,2019 '· · &IE a see -ia
Jurisd;ctipn ... Covered
Gornparison .. between· R,A: 8282 as amended and, R.A. No. 1f199
·f . Cases
;i~· -Any dispute . arising under · this Act shall be .· · \ · · cognizable by· the Social Security Commission· · ::· (SSC), such as with respect to: (CB-CPA) . £6verage;.. ·
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. · Fi°lipinos r~cruited· .. by- Coverage . ln.. the ·. $SS ·foreign-bas.ed· .; . -. 'sh~II be . compulsory · employers · · for- upon ·all sea-based and employment .. abroad :1and~ba~ect · . · .. or=w; may· be covereg by the provlded . that . the'y . are · SSS· OR·. a voluntary not over 60 years of agE! basis .. (R.,A. ·No. 8282, (R:A No .. 11199, Sec.' 9- .
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Filing; determination, and settlement of disputes : . . shall be' goyer'ned 'by the rules and regul,ation_s &~~~~: prornulqatedby the cor'nmission.(~..'A. No. _8282, · . ..Sec:5 (a)); . · , · ' · 2. Shall be heard by: · · . a·.. ·The commission; . ·None· b. Any ofits members; or. . .. · . · · · · /.") : · c. H~arl_~g . officers. dtfly authonz_ed .by comrrussion (R:A.. No. 8282, Sec.. 5 (a)),~'·' ·i,'! .: rev1j~ .= I, ,1 decisions·bb~h on questions of[
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· · ... An . a'dditional. '.moC1thly . ben~fit ·. . allowance ·amounting to P1, .000 ~hall be·· given t6' all retirernent, death ·aAd disa_bility. ·.. · pensioners. receiving. monthly pensions. ih or after . /an'uary 2017 (R.A. No. 11199,:sec. ·12.(c)): .. . ..
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.P: member .,;.h~ is· NOT over 60 yea.rs:of ag13 ~rid has ·paid · 36 months' · contributior.is,1-2° moriths . pf, w.hlchshoul~ be-in the . 18-,month · . ·. period im_rnedi~t~ly . preceding . the .. . involuntary .. unemployment . oi- . ~.e_paratibn;shall'°be paid. benefits in· the· form 'of- . ,monthly' payments . eq.uiv~len.t.to 50%. of ~he. . . Afy1?C for ma~_im~m of'2 . ·.- mon.ths (R.A...No.. 1.11!(!9,·
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The emp_h;,ye~is 'liable pay a. penalty of 3.%,per month from the date the coritribl,itiQn. ·falls due until ,p;:iid;· f~r his· f~ilure to dedu~t and remit contribu.tions· (R.A. No. 8282, Seq.· 22 (a)):
2019
SAN SEDA .
LAW CENTRALIZED ' . . . ~·':·=.·
P.enalty 'of 2% 'pf)r mqpth ·. frofri . ·the·. date . ·the · .contribution . falls d.ue until paid (R.A. .No. 11199, Sec. 22 (a)), · '
BAR OPERATIONS . .·.
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SOC.IA.L ·LEGISLATION SAN 8£DA LAW C£NTIW.IZ£08AR
QPERAftONS - ME.Mf!RY AID 2019 .\
2.
GOVER~MhNT SERVl~E ]NSURAN:C;E SYSTEM
(R.·A. No. 82·9:1) 3. Coverage · · ; .. Alf gove~nment.. 'personn"el; .whether ele~tive. or ·appointi\t"e, irrespe_ctive of ~tatus· of appointment! ' providecl . they . .a.re .. receiving· fixed ..· m_of!!hly . compensation· and .hav~ hot reached:the mandatory . retirement"age of 65 years·, are. con:ipulsorily-covered· as members- Of the GSIS (/RR· c,f R.A. No. 8291, ~u/e 11; .Sec: 2.1 ): . =
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Members of the-Arm.ed ForC$S of the Philippines (AFP), subject to· the condition that they must settle first their financial obligation with·· the GSIS· Contractuals who have,no employer and empl~y~e relationship_ wfth ~e agencies they serve; .. Uniformed personnel . of · the :§.weau of. Fire Protectkin (~FP); · . , Uniform.eel pers.onnel . of the §:ureau · of· Jail • Management and. Penology (BJMP); . . . ._. · §arangay and Sanggunian 0.fficials who are nol r~ceiving ·fixed m~mthly compensa~jon; and .' . ·gmployees. who do not ha_ve montl'ily reguJai hours.' of work· and are. ··not receiving· fi?(ec m.onthly :compensation (/RR of R.A No. 82_91, Rufe ·1l
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.. N9te: · Emplqye~s · wh~. 're~ctied the: :mandatory ·. ·scope of Be~efits. . · . · · . · : · retlrementaqeof 69 shall· becornpulsorlly covered ~ . General Rule: All members ofthe GSIS shall have and required to pay -~oth. ljfe. a11~ ,re~;~~t~:··-:=l[re-:.;-J~rance,retirement, ~nd-· .c:11 _othe:. 'soc!a premiums under the f.oll9~mg sltuattons: ~5·ec'\.Jricy)}r~~ectionssuch .as d1sabihty, survivorship 1. A,n elective cif!iciaf who ~t the timJ:~·~J::ct;f~o--=,,.;.. ~e'6~ati~]i.)nS unemployment· benefits (R.A No public office is.~e!ow 65 years 9~,!lg~"a~~1t0,,e- - ~~.§fi.'a:"3,fia""-2). · :: · · . . . ·. . 65 yearsor more·at t/1!3 end 9fr6~)~[~~Qf·offl5~__..,.......,,#"'=• .. -~~:~-· ~> ~ , . . _ .: . . . .includlnq th_e perio,d/~:of_l}i~/e-1~i_~ti~l'l~~j')Ell511c. ~~=- ~~cep.tlot;t~'-'~it~f3._r.rs_ . of , _the Jud_1c1ary al~if-~ . office thereafter without [email protected]~j.,'(.an.~: · TP-> )/( "~}mstiti.?i1on~~'6&m~!ssions· sh.all.·. have ., 2. Appointive offici~ls _.~ho/befo1/,!;,ac'hing. tti_e f~~- :1),su~a.nc.~ oril~(B.!f'ff·8291, ?ec. 3, par. 2). , · mandatory _.'age ,-. of 6~~~~/r. appolpJed· tu~¢ ·. ~ · \\ljl · government poslflon byk~.~1:1ris1denq:md~~Lt:J.· · --~j~~.sesjo.f .iyie,'1?1?-ersh'\P· .. .. . . . ··.remain in 9.ovemmept_s~ry~at age b~yo·n.~"tt;s_,,::i. .. l~' 1~·Re9~!<;1r M~~,_,ber~lare_th_ose.7mploy~~ byt/1< · · (/RR ot R:A. 8?91,' ~ul~/-se_c .. 2.-.2)... ~:- :;g-, .....~""'irl _·gov~!l, -~~~~,orjn'.~ repub!I~ of t~e, P:hih_~~l~es ¥:\,,.;.::_;~..;-~-c:-..,._,.oi:.J~~"?fleg~~l~~god1e.s/=i~C:~_s·.~i~ ?n~ma . Contractuat amplo)l9•• oncl'1!JJAW,'!.•ua'f ~t~nriljf cfla ,!;/n, :.JOv,;r,p~~ant financo~I . lristitutiom employees with ·an empJoy~~gove"\nme~;,~ncy,-ru:~.!l!.,.;(t.,r":1~1sj. e1-,cept .\Jrnformcd pcrsohnel · of the . .. i'_elations~iP..afe.·aJso comp~_IS~flly cov~eq,f>~,~-d ~rC?~:o~'{hePhilippJ_ne~. the _Philippine tt,ey_ are· rece1~mg ~~ed mon!H1¥ comp~nsatlor;fil~~::_y·~t1orisfl'?9.l_1c.e,)3urea.u of Jail Man.~gemeht ~n_r . rendeli~g-the required_ number of work1~~iir~r'f~~~9,c:iloi;iy"(BJ,f>'!I?) ar:i?. ~ureau of Fir~· P;ot_e_cti91 , "the month (/RR.of RA: No. 8291~/e 19,~Co.:..~-:-:= --=·=fB'=e),\~.b~re: r~quir.ed by law to te.m_it reQufa · .· · . .- .. · ·· ~•. ,<('._Y/l ~~·rolntp~tpontribulio·nsto the·.Gs1s.-· ....... · .. .. . Re~~otl_ .f<:>r : t_he . C.om~ulsory . Ret1_~~~v!.[of 'Mem!Jers·. · -. · are . consi1t~il?nc Go_vern.'l'!entEmpl~yee. ·· .... · ; , ~~,.; . . . ~ ..-e-6fnmissibners..! members· of the ju~.1~iar~ Iris fou'nd.ed on pubhc_pohcy .which ai111s ·to main~~ including those with equivalMt ranks, _who- ar, efficien¢y in_the go_vE:mn;E:nt ~e'Y;i~·ant! ·at the ·saQ1e . .' . req!,Jired 'by law .. to. 'remit..: regular_... month_! · time giv~ ·_- to the , rE:,timm .publ1_c ~erva'nts ,,h~· . · contributions for. life insuran~. pb!icies t9 ttii · opportl.i!')i~y to enj~_Y. during_·the ·reni~mcj_er o~ the~r GSiS ln order to answer.for their. lifeJri.suranc, .. lives the ·re~or:nperi_se,. _inad_equat~ l?e"l'~a_p~ f?~ their . ben~tiis defiAed ~l']der R·.A.".·No. 8~fh (/RR. c . · long service al}d.devotlon·tq the g~wernm.e,nt,.in_ the . R.A. No. 8291, Rule If Sec .. 2.4.1).· ' form "ot ·comparativ.efyeasier ._life, freed ,from ·the . ·: · .rigg~s .~f .civfl ·serVice disciplir:ie:-~nd tne ~x~icttn? · :Statu.s ~f Me;,..!Je-!ship -': . .- ... · ·.· . ·.. . .· · · oerri ands .that the· nature _of t_he1r. wqrk and -their · 1. ·: Active. member - ~efers· to· a mE'.lmbe~ of th .. ."relations .with. theft 'superiors· as ~ell 'as ttie. pU~lic' GSIS, whether regular or special, wlw ii stiU i w.ould inipps~ upo.n the.111, (Betoni/1~· v: -GS/S, 'G.R. . the· ·goven:ii:nent service. and .together wi~l:l th No.· L-1.1723.Novefn~er'26, 1970). . ., .. . . gov~_rnme'nf ag~ncy. to' which ~~ ·oelongs·, i req~ired tci pay "tne r.n.orithly contribution.: .. . . . Exce.ptl9n~ _:to the Co~p.~J.soiy Cov'7ra~e:_· (PAC!' 2. Inactive T{lem.~e~- a m~mbe:rwho js s~par~~e B3E) . ·. · . ·: .. .. . .,·. . . from tbe service · either · by· resignatior t. · Members·. of· the.' fhilippine: National Police · retiremint, disabilfty, dismi~sal froi:n·the.Servi.Cf (PNP), subject ':to tl:!e' condition. th~t th$y must retrenchment or, who is deemed retired from th setue first their financial obligation·. with the service· tJnder this.Act (!BR qf _R.A. ,No; 82Q· GSIS; . . .. .
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288 I'
2019 SAN.BEDA,l,A~
CEN:RALIZED BAR OPERATIONS
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SAN EiEDA IA~ CENTR~_LIZED·BAR OPERATIONS - MEMOR'f AID-:toi9
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. f', The effective date of..membe'rship shall be the date :'[> of the member's assumption to duty on his original ~~- appointment or election to publicofflce (!RR of R.f,. .{ No. _8291_. RULE.fl,Sec. 5). . · .. ·
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contiilgeiJcy includes: (SRD2) . 1. §e.paration from the service; .2. '.!~e.tirement: . 3, Qeath; or , · 4. Qi~abjiity (!RR of·R.A: No.. 8291, Rule'], Sec. .
{ .. Effect of Separation from Serv(ce . to be a member . -and . ~ .. The . . member 'shall- continue . ii, ·: .. entitled to whatever benefits he has qualified .to in 'Y/. 'the. e~ent:'?hiny contingency compensable under : Ji: . this Act (R.A. No .. 8291, Sec: 4). .. , · ~-~ . . . . . . { · · Note: 'Ihis ls.without prejudice to the application of / ttie Limited'P.ortabilityLaw (R.A. No, 7699).
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Disability. is any loss: or impairment of the normal functions· of the physieal and/or. mental faculty of a member, . which .. reduces' .or . elirntnates his/her capacity to .. continue . with· his/her current -gainful occupation pr- eng~ge in any other· gainful. occupation (R:A. No.. 8'2,91, Sec. 2(q); !RR .ot R.A. No. 8291, Rule 1; Seo.·1.2.0), ·· · ·
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.Deflrrltlons. . . . . · Total. ·Disability is···itie. c6~plere lncapacity to The Emp'loyi{inctudes the national goverr)ment, its' ·· conunuewtth'present employment-or engage in any political subdlvlslons. : branches,', ag~ndes or . gainful occupation due to the loss 'or impairment of instrumentalities . including GOG Cs · and financial . · tbe normal: functions of the physical _and/qr mental institutions wltn original .charters, .theConstltutfona! · _..{':). _fac,ult!es.pf the 'member (R.A.No. §1291, Sec: 2 (r)). Ccrnmlssiohs.and the Judic1ary (RA. No -. 8291, S~_i:}J,?1.,i . · · . · . · :· .. · .. · ·2(c)) ... ·,. · -. · ··.. .. . .: . ·. .: _P.er~an_ehtTotal-Dis~bm~.~ccrl.lesora.rise~'.wh~n .' · · . ,· · ..' . .· -. . · tf,.;;:,:':i.,1;,~1· recoylc'lry. from. the impairment or .·d1sab1hty· 1s The Ernp!?ye~~l\t!e~ber rs.. any pers.o~ recel)'Jf}~;/:.r''.·'f~{?:~,e1callyr~mote (FfA: No. ~291, _Sec. 2(s)). . c9Q:1pensation w~1l.e, m the s_erv.1ce of_ ~n. e~pjPYe-!J,~~;·1.·1.-:;.:.;!......·,..:~~1,Sf!~r .: . _. . . · ... : . ~vliether.by election or-appointment, 1rr_§isp,,-ective of;'l !:J ' Temp·orary1i' ·.,_ ;-W'-7 t~:1 . 1'. · The' legitimate ·-spouse d~rtaj:ldelilt?-for·support"-· ~1~ Pcrrri;:ujent :P.artilltl 'Disability siccrues. · or mises .. . tipqn the' i:n~mber or- peniiiQtrerf'~:-:::t;). ·'~~~- .::::.~ . ur.nnt.l~~r.1fiij'(a6~9ss9r impairment_ of 'certain 2..: .: The 1egit1mate •.. 1egit1mat~cJ"" 1ega!1yfi~_dopt~ . portion1i;\:ol'1-tte.~1Wsica.1t~~utties. _despite .~hich the ... Qhild, including th!:} illegitimate@_l}iLd/wh'q is;· j.. . ,:nen-:iber is able ,o purs,ue a gainful occupa,tion'(R.A. a.' Unmarried,· not.g~infully err.iii!l9y~d.~pt ovet i·~t.,,.;N.g~18~91, Sec. Z(u)):· . ·.. . . ·. · · · : ·. _t_h~ age ?f majority; or . '>~~;/ . · __.;1)·,~-!-~~iffi'D.-, · · · . · . · · · . '· b. Is over th.e ag1;i of majo~ity buti,~·capaci!a.leit~...: ~:!~Ben:efits:<'{NISUR-P2TS-FuLL) arid ..lncapable·; of ~elf-suppoi due{,·id a · ·1. ~Monthly Pe·nsion{ _ . .. .· . . . . mental ·or p_hy~ical (lefect acqui~~or to ' 2,. · §eparation Benefits . , . . · - . . . .. ag~ of majority;.. · ·· 3. - . !J.nernployment or'·· Involuntary .. Separation ·3_ Parents dependent · upon · the member · for" : ·senefits · · · . . . , support (R.it No. 82~1,: Sec. ·2 ff)).. . . 4 .. .Betfrement ~enefil!:1. . · · · .. 5 .. _fermarient T9t~} pisapility.f?enefits. -Pri~ary.Beneficiary ln.cludes the iegal depend.~jit ferJ'T'!MentPa~1al D)sability:B.enefits .spQusa· .4ntil he/she ·rem.qr:rie.s and the- depender=it·. 7:- Ieooporary Total Disability· Benefits :.children. (R.A: No. 8291, -Sec: 2. (g)j.. · · .. : ·· . 8,: .§urviv¢,r~hip Benefit$: ~ .. ' : .· ·: . · · ·. ·. .>.. ·... ' . . . , •.... ·. · .. •.. . · · . . . 9. Funeral Senefits· .. . :- .· .-. -~econ~aty Beneficiary includes the .dependent_ 10. Lif!HrisLirarice Benefits · parents·. arid; .. S\lbje~t to the. restriGtions on· the· . ' ·11 .. :i:oan ·Gr.ants. ' dependent children', the fegitimate descen'danfa . 'Monthly Peilsion: · ·. · {R.A. No. 8291-; $ec . .' ?(h)). · : .. ' ·. :. · · · · .. Jt is equal to : . ' . . 1. 37.5% ·of. the ·re-valued average . mo.nthly corilpen~atlon·is ;t~e b~siti'.°pay or ~alarf received' . ·compensati_on; P.11.!S . . . . by·, ·. an' . employee,.. pu,rsua_nr ·. to . . his 2. . 2:5% of . s.aid re'"'.Valued · average .monthly · e'lectlon/appoii:itment, ... exdudfng _ per : di£ims, · . compensati9n for ·eacfi yec1rof Sel"\'.i.ce-·in exces~. ·bon0s~s. overtime pay, Moi:ioraria, allowances and of ·15 years p'rovided that · the ba$iC monthly any other emol.uments 'received ih addition. to t.tie . p~nslon shall"' not exceed 90~ of the average basic. pc1y.whlch·are not i,ntegrated inti;> the bc;1si6 pay · m~mthly compensation (R.A No. ·8291, Sec. _9). und.er exi~ting l~ws (R.A. No:, 8~91,. S.ec:. 2(i)). · . ·
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SOCIAL LEGI-SLA TION . SAt:J.BEDA L(IWCENTRAL}ZED BM-OPERATIONS -MEMORYA1q2019·
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Cash payment of· 100% of : average · · monthly . compensaticm · for. each · year of service . (so . essentially_.., :.. tl1e total amount of ·all -contribution~ :paid) . or · P12, 000. : Whichev_er is higher.-:· · · ·
90 years of age or $ep1:1rated . . from service with. at least 3 years ·but. not over 15 . years of service
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"Bel.ow 60,years of.age Cash. p~ym~nt ·equivalen}. but at .leasf15 years _to 1.8x (m9nthly pension)'c;!t ." service . the tirne of- resig_nation· or . separation plus an oid-age · perrsion beriefit equal to .basJc;;·montfily_pensl_on....
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. . · Note.:_ A member separ;3t~d from. the service shall continue to be a member and shall ~e ·entitled to . .w.hatever benefits" he· tias qualified to. in the event cif any contingency· c;ompensable""under this·,Act. (R.A. No: B?-91, Sec.,, 4). ·· · . .
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(RA_. No. 8291, Sec. 11).
Proc~siing 'of Separation Benefits of Me.mbers '. whodied while their claims are being processed If the member dies cturing the pend ency of his claim for separation benefit and ne· has rendered at leas! · 1 $ yearsof creditable service, his Jegal heirs shall be. 'entitled ·to "receive cash payment equivalent Jo 1.8 · times the· basic monthly pension; plus accrued. Basic . .-Mo.nthly Compensation, -if any, ·up :to. the ·aate_ of -, . death of the. 'member. Thereafter, the primary benetic:iaries'shall be entitled to survivorship pension . (IRR'q_h:i.A. No.·829-1, -S.ec. 21.4.1) ..
Note: Th~ basic_ ~(,>n.lhltP!3nSi?n.may be_j!.djus&fcf1n"1ii~erober dies duri9g the p~~denc/of.hi~ "claim . upon the recommendation .of. the ~a_enb-.G'!nd_\\..) ~drsepar~lil:.-.eenefitandhe has rendered less than General" Manager o!·~he_ GSI~ and ~pr{v~v~,..E;~-;:,.""-=::s:.15!.Y./arsle,f,&e~~ble service, hi7 legal heirs shall be President of the Philippines '". _a~;~oan~~(i-1: t_he. _ ___. e'ntitlet:1{0~, ~.t;i. .,"flayment. eqwvalent _to 100% of rules and requlations j:)res~f!_!Jed'~~J}Jl~b~-SISt1E-A'v1:frage ~ ·, 6_p.thl~,.~o'!'pe_nsation for each year of -Provlded; . . t'~ .'ID) ·Jf'·"Cre<;1ital:fles ~Jt~titnotlesstharrP1.2,000(/RRqf · . 1_. _The basic r:n~nthly p~p~i~~»tilln,~ bt: leliS.,: Jlfu; /f?':A._No\829~'\Seq..:..2\4.2). · · than P:1,300, and If.. . . g . R · ;,,.. . ~- · -~ . . . ~ (,# .l u · • -, 2: The- basic tnof'.lth1y.lpe'l$~01_f~r t_~~ir::wtt . . :_.:~ip1>J~ym~Q\~v?luntarySeparation · _ . hA.VP. mnciP.rn.rl At_ P.A~S . S~Pl1$P.;r- "J'.""'<. . 8~1:icf1_t$' . ·. . i\" . . l ~ ,. . · '. · . . after'°the:"efte~tiyity of_l~$. Act·_Sh? I_ not &~~j;.i>nditi_lms;. tl l==j )l . . .· . · .. , less than P2,:4-00 :a1m0Q!, (R. .. 1JA_ was_·~~pkr~~nent employee a_t th,e . · · S~G- 9(b)).· .\\ ~"' · · ~~\'\. · _t1m;,t~sep»\~~0rl;K · . : · . . . . .. - . . . · . · ()) ,, \:' :(),\ ~/~l,l,.J l~~~· q{'p)efyee·-,s·mv~#it~ry separated frorn s~~!ce . S~pa~alion _Be~efit~ : \. · . . . :<-'tp~ ~: ~~~vto·tlfe. ~bo~~9~-:"of .h.is _offi~e- or . position · l_t shall consist of:. . . \_ · . 6.: · . -~ .1 ·,·;,;;;,_.,J/ -~. :ually/esulting«ro.mreorgarnza_t,on: <\Ind ... · L ·_ca$h payment _equivalen~~t~. 10 .-Yo_. P :~~~b e·!Y1's.Qaen r:>,.fying integF~tt3.dcontributio~s for . _av~rage m.or:it~ly CC?tn_pei:i_sati_e..nfor e_af.:h~Y~~1ENJ.~~"fra~t1<" ~effr:but .less t_han ~ 5 years prior to · .. se~ice he paid ~ontn1:>at1ons, ~~-n~~/)lha~~ ~~~lio._!jl?fk.A:·No.~291, Sec. 12) · .. . P!?,0.00;; · . ~ . ,: . ~""'-
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~onditio'ns":. .. . ·,: • . ·. • ·.· I .'"'.'-~""."'c:i-=.:,;.==wr~ihly.cash~~ymen'ts'of ~0%.of average mcil)thly .. a. Payable _upon.reach!og the, age ~f·6? Y~_ars;- · · . : .. 9o!'iipei:isati9nfor a.dLirc)~ior:,; whicf:!- is prop~rtional to: . or . ; . . .. . - .. ·.:: ·... . :_ . y,e~rs r.e_n.d~~ed, rcin$ing from,2 mi;>nths fo 6 months ,· .t:i; Up1;m .. ~ep.arat10.n:. wh1_ch.ev,~r.comes later<-,. (R.A. No.:829J,.See;:12).. .·. / . · .. · · ·. and· · · ·· . . · · · · · · · ' · 6. ·... Prov.icfed.he. has ·rendered at i"E;Jas.t 3 _"years, · e;M-' ~.·!·:;°lf'neropoy,m~n· .,i:·1<.·, t'1 ·,-.,,\, :·;,:H;~j. .,,.·t·:, e e1s 1s'~'\:j~'j'· o. e ue,:·-;~. · put less than" 1.5 years of ser:vic._e; ... : .. •~ •·:\ ..--.~~. ~"i'f .. ·; ._... / -:.-. '~.··-:=(~,-:. -,-. ··=- <;7l.~f.;-:··~... J;J,! ...t •• ·:_, ...,.:._:~:. •:- \.:.~~1l ~ . .. . . . .. . . \_ : . : . "'. '1.!,;'c ;:'.··~Bei:\efitpiJiiiiJon:l ·~~. :.r.a:t,.,, ··;",.,.. . ~ ... ,.l\ ,•. ~ •• · ... ~..., .. ,. \ 'J .: • --~·,:• •• \.-.~- ~,......... 2. Or· Ca.sh payment e·quivalent. to .18-··ti_m_E;ls his I · f \iear.-but·l~ss -th_ari 3_ y¢a·r_s•:·_, . 2 months , .. basic monthly p.ensiori ·at tl'le.tirrie. bf resignation_ .. or Sep9ration;"pfus· ~h .. Old-agE(pension. ben~fit, . 3 or more·y~ar~ -but ,~ss . 3 r:nontii's _·· . eq·u.al to the· basic-monthly.pension. · , , , ·· · · th.arr 6 year$·. ·• . • ·
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Conditions:.,_· . . . . . ., - a. Payab.le monthfy.. upoh re_aqhing· the· age of ·6Q¥ears; · · .··. · ·, · .· · . . .. ··, b.. He bas re~igned"or.~eparated frolJl service; and:, .·. . . : c. Has rendered. at least.-15 years of service °(R.A. No. 8291, S~c. 11): · ·~ . ·. . · ~ : . .
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11 or niQre year$ but less. :. _than 15 years' . ' · . · . .(R.A. f:,lo .. 8291, ~ec. 12)..
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Retlrement Benefit~ without nolice· and opportunity be het,1rd (GSJS v. · Retlrarnent.beneflt shatl-be.etther: . de Leon, G.R. No. 186560, November 17, ·2010). 1. Five-year lump sum pciyment equivalent to 60 months' of .basic monthly pa'y;· 'payable upon Effect of Re-~mployment retirement plus . an old7ag·e perision benefit When a retired/separated member is re-employed.or ,.,., payable monthly for life,'starting on 'the tst day reinstated in the service, hisiher previous·service:;; I, ,;.' ',. . of the· month following the expiratlonof the 5, . credited at the tinie of tiis/her retire'menUseparation ( .. :.: year' guar~!'nt~ed. period- covered ·by the. lump· for. ·which a co'rresponding · benefit had been ii( sum.-or · ·awarded, shall b'e· excluded in the ·computation 'ot ·, 2. . Cash.payment equivalent to 1'8 months of his . · service: In effeci. he/she shall be con'sidered a new· ·., basic.monthly pension.plus monthly'pension for entrant (/RR o; R.A. No. 8291, RULE 1v:. Sec ... *.:· 20.6._1). . lif~ · payable . immediately with no 5-year. guaranl~e .(R.A. No, 8291, $ec. 13). . . ' . . . ' . . Permanent'D,isability Benefits. ·.Conditions: . .. .. . , -General Conditions: (MN-1:fK)· · ~ .. He has rendered at _least 15" years bf service; · A member who suffers disabilify. not due to his: . · ·2. He is ··at. ·least 60 years of age at the time of. . .. · 1. · Grave Mis.conduct; . . . retirement: and: · . - : : . '. . 2. Notorious ~egligence; ' 3. _ He. is not .rE;!celving a 'monthly pension -, berieflt . ·3.. Habitual. Intoxication; .and .. ._ -frorn perm~r:ient total. disability_ (R-.A. /11._o. 829_7-,jf} 4. Willful intention to ,Kill himself or.another shallbe Sec-, 1.3-A). . . · · . . · .' · /" .. .J·l . entltleo permanent total disability beneftts (~.A. No.·8291, Sec. 15). · · . Note: .Retlrementls 'compulsory .upon reat::t,lirig''65,, · ··)~'~. . !;: - . years of aqewithat least) 5 years of service. :·';!,,)~!.'!~s· of.P/w1ianentDis~bility · , · he has rendered [ess than ~5 _y_ears of s·erv[G~-; Ii§;:· i\~~•.d:~_;:_:l?er;mqne?tTotal· Oisability; and · { may·b~. a!lo_~~d to.complete !he said 2. ~erm~nJptPa~ial Disa_t:iility. -. . . ·. .
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T~~ G$1S shall: ~ay th~__ retirement -~~~f~ts.. to Permane11f Disa~ility Benefits . · -. employee ,011 Jus · last ··;day;' of, ~Sft!~15:tf~t-i?'. the .. •;[. · Th~ men;lrertshl\~ receive: . · ·. ·- · · gov.emment: P;:ovjdec:j, tl)at aU4equitl;i~·ents·ar>3_ . 1. Mo11Jhly i~co111e benefit for life equal to the basic submitted .to ~he GSI.S withirl~r.easo'etable·penq_a~ 'F•·\. mo~thly.fFperi~ion .·provided 11:ie' ·following '{!RR ofR{t No. 829.1/ Sec. r:.::J . . ~.:;ftifti'e_t,effective frbr:n. the dat(;! .of . . . . . · . _. ~ .,...,.,_,~~, ". t~ . ,, • d1s~bi:Jit~.~ . . . ._ . . . -Retiremlj3n.t benefits ~iven,t«? ~o.ver~~rft:,eQjploye1~·: ·a:. ~e is!"' service at the.time_ ~f disability;,_ ._. _' 111 effect_reward them for g1vmgthet)'e.st;year;{'otth_eir· hL--,--.-b. If he 1s ~ep~rate.dfrom ~erv1ce; he has.paid · iivel? t~-the servic~ qt theircou,ntryiThi~'\~-<.es~ci~lly~-p-~w-·:,;.~;};,,~d1J,.l_east 36 monthly ·con~ibutions within the, true "."it~ those in gove~nment servi~·.,,9cc4gyftrg~t!...."1 ·":' ";-··5-year . p·ariod immediat~ly .Rreeecl.ing pbsitio.ns · of. leader.ship or positio~ reA.uiJ'ing. , · · ·· disability, or has paid a total ·ot at lei;\st.1 a:o rrian'agement skills qecause the years tlf~,'d?'16te to· ' · ·.monthly contributions prior to'the-disability; ·, . -·· . ... .• ~:.ti:,·~ . • . • . . ,gc;>Ver~me_nt-service could bf:! spent rii_ore profit~bly. c, · lfl:ie .is in service.-arid hal? paid a ~otal of.at_ . in h,Jcrative app~intments fn: the'·private' _sector.. In ·. rleast' 1 ~o· mc:int~ly cb_htributior,s. ·he · shall ~:,ccl;iange'for.thetr;selfless dedioa~ori to g6vernmeAt . receive ari addit(OA9I cash :pc;1yr:nen~ of 18 .· service,··. tney·.enjoy -security. of. tenure an,d ·a.re · time~ his basic rTI0!1f'11y.·pensioh; and. · ensured of a r.e~sonable amoun.t·of support afterd; .~Member -.caf1not enjoy monthly income they leave. 'th_e gqvernment. 'The'· basis· fo( lh_e· . b~hefit ·and -- · th~ old-,a'i:1e· retirement - · •. "provision ofre_tJrementberiefi_ts is, therefore., service simultaneoi.isly (R:A,.Nd. 8291, Sec.·16 (a)).· ..to g(>vernme~t (GSJS it. CSC; :G.f?. Nos. 9[!39'5 ;_ 4. Cash . payn:i~rit equivalent to 100% · of. _his ·10.244f;},._June 19, · 'ffJ95);-. . .. · : average monthly compensa.tion.Jor·each yet,1r of ' .. . . . . . . . · . service but not less tn~·n. P.1·2,000 pr~vlc;led the 'Be~effts: becom:e:~ Vested 'Right . . .. . . following conditions .are met . Where the en:iploye·e··~etfresancf me~(sJhe 'ellgibility-_ a .. Member.· do'es not satisfy ttie conditions. . requireinents,.he.-acquJres·a vesfod'-right td .benefits·. under the.p~eceding numbe'r; and · .. that is p.rotec_;ted by the .due process.clause, Retirees . , .. b. Has rendered at: least 3 years··o( service· at . ·.· enjoy·a prote·c.ted·prpperty· interest whenever th'ey . · · . · the time of di.sability (?.A. Nb. 8291., Sec. act1u'ir.e·.a; right 'tq' imm,edi~te payment ..undet pre~-- :· .. '.16(b)). . . exlst,ing Jaw .. Thu~;--a -pensioner acquires, vested .right to benents tfiat liaye becpme due -a~ provided .. u.ride.r·.the terms of the· public e[Tlployees'.. pension · .. statute. NO· law can deprive -such ·person of his _pension, r[gh_ts without _due p'rocess of l~w. that is,
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service and paid at least 6 ."monthly contributions· in the 12•month p·ei-Joq jmmediately:.preceding · the disability; · . · : 4·. Member cannot enjoy.Iemporary_totat disability benefit-and sick leave pay simultaneously; 5. If . the :_ disability requires niore . gxten.sive. treatment ·t.t,at lasts b~yond 120. days, the· . payment the temporary total disability benefit ·maybe e.xtended by.the GSIS but not·to·exceed a total· of 240 days; ano · . . . . 6. · Such. benefit .shall not be :less· -thai:) P.70 a day ·: (R.A,.Nb. B-i91, S~~: 18).
lnju~J~s· Deeml;)d as P~rmanent Total" Dls~bii°itie~: (EL-PIG) . ~ . . Complete loss of sight of both gyes; 2. ·· Loss of :two !:,imbs · at or .above the ankle or ·wrists;.· . .. 3. .Perml:lnent complete.-.!:~J,1ralysis of two limbs; .. 4. Brain injury resulting to incurable Imbecility or. lnsanity; and · · · · · • · · 5. s·uch other ca~es as determined and ap·proyed bythe.§$1S (IRRofR.A. No. 8291, Rt.i/e,/V,-Sec. .i3.2.1). . : . . . ·
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Suspe~sio_nOf qisability Beneflts: .(RRf.) 1. . He i~ !3.e-emp!oyed; '. _ . . . . Exten~ion.o(Payment ·of Benefit. . · · 2. He Recovers.from-disability; or. · If the 'disability· requires 120· more extensive .treatment ·3.·· H~---:-failed -to present hims.el( for medical . that. lasts b·eyond days, the .payment of the · · . examination when required . ~Y the G~ IS (R.A. . temporary total disability·benefit niay be.extended by · . . · N.o. 8291;..Sec. 16 (c)). . ·· ·the GSIS hut-not to exceeda total of-240-tjays (R.A. .; .· . . · ·· · · ---'~- 8291. Sec. 18):· '>. •• • Pe~manent Partial Disab!lity Beneflts . -~,::.:,<-·~-~ 1f ··J· -:~~~ . ·.. . :_ .·:. . . . . · ·. . . . . The member. shal! r":ce1ve -~· oa~h,4pfymtizi_tm ll.:.., P-i,n~c~~~,E!:Dlsa_bihty'_ . .-· . . .• · accordance with· the -schedule .of c!J~ab\1IffesJJo1~b.h.-"" _,.:.,,"{pr ~Jun~~o~llnes_ses rl;)st,1lbng in .a disability not prescribed by· the G.SIS, providE~Jfthat),~,..._hlitisfies -lisfe~i:i!tne f.~~-9u1e···of partial/total disability, as either conditions. {1) qr (2) _of R. ~~BJgc:1:-;-·~~t"':1'&-,~pf0.l4~e~irrtfie. ~?If> law, the GSIS. shall determine (13), to.wit: · . . I,(}-", 'i' ! IT..». ··( .-t~e.n~re~i~irtqt§abllity _a·nd ttie correspondlnq 1. _He is. in the service at thEi'lime·-qf ffisabJlity or .ll... ~ ~laenefitsiheref~({RA\N9.8291, Sec. 19). . .. · ?· If lie is· separated .fron:i·~~ice..{h~h8t~J>a~~!- (Ii,!\ . .. .. J · . · \. _( least 36. monthly oontr1but1ops.;;$1thint~e-S:year 1:!'rffofe:'?X~y. d1sa~1nly q.rtl Jury as a result of, or due-to '· "period trnmedlatety preMetfiFi§idisabil_itt, or-;t1~_..::..li~ m ,sc'ol"ldi.l,l;1>~ pipatiori_ in· riqts1 gross and . . · .: 'paid-atotal of at least ~80.rn0n,ihly conttibuti_op·~ 1i1 .7i)ri?3xc1,1s qle .ne Uger:ic~ •. under" the influence of ·. · - prior to· the (:llsabilify (if?.':A~d.. 8.291Jf~ec. f!:2_~dmgs!/rff.eJ5rlho:or Wil~ul -lntentlon to .injure or kil!. · · ·. (a)). · · ·. · ¥.. ,,;:if)~ ~-"".~,-,.. \ ;_'. 1 ,61'i1mseJf ~ncith1Eir,.;..stfa 1. nQf .be.compensable (IRR • ~ ,,.,....._~ • • ,J ~ 7 " ., 1 · . .· , . .: . . · · ~·u \..1f , . ,·\ ·· y~~"-..:.< ~ ~-- .~eil'i · ,F-_,ifjj-1)1,/'fi.9· 82lf1, Rul!/V Sec: 23. 2A). · _Pen'nane_nfarid Partial Dlsa"f~JUties:,~ -- . (S"' f.. _-. . . · .... ' . . 1. Complete a11d P~~manent t~.:>s of tit~ use.~~#~.·f!(i,V:ors_wp_.B~n.~pt · . ·, .. : . ..:. . . ' .. a·;. Any.fing1?,_r;. ·' ·. ·, . ~- · . :SctcN~t;Jla~._l;;ienef1t exJ~nded:!9.·quah~1eq ~ep,e_r:identsof : . b. Any toe; ·. · ·· · · " . )1""""-~ -- ._r,_1:ee~sewd !'" S!§:". pens.19ner or member. The ~- _·e. OheJm:n;. . . , -~~.<--9ii"'~=~~.v~·J1ij~-nsfoi:-i·shall-co·nsisfo~:·.: .· One hand;· · . . . . ~, ""r·:. f\..\:~~si.;rs"Eirviv.orship.perislpr:i v.it,ich is· 50% qf the ' e.: . One foot; . · . _. ~ . \! 1.["1:.:.:'.:;l?..as1c.m?hthly pension;.ar,id ·: . . · · · .. ·.: .. ... f. · "One leg;·.. ·· · ·~,~~·pependentchirprer)'spehsipnequivale'nMo 10% · ·g. ·,One or botH.eais;:. . .. ·.:of.the basic monthly. per:isloiffor.each· chli_d not . . 1:1. -~H~arin.9 of 1:or b9tt,i ear.s;" and ·· · . exceeping ~0% of-·tt,e.' bas1~ monthly pension l. · .. Sight of 1 eye; . · : . ·(R~ ...No: _8291, -Sec. 20).· .:·· · · ·2,. Such 6ther.-cases·as, deterrnine<;I by the GSIS·. . .. · ·. ·..... (R.~ .. No.-.829·1, Sec, · 17(b)): . . ·co_n.~Htiorj"sfor !:nti.tl_em~nt... ·The primary -and. __ see::bnd~ry beneficiaries, ~xcept :Temp~~a·ryTPt~I-Disability Be~efits deperide.nt _chilpren, shall. be entitled· to:applicable · · The· ~eriibe:r shall be e.ntitl~d to. 75% ofJhe·current survivor.ship benefits, . sul:>ject. tq ttie . following: : (BIR~LC) :' ·. ·. · · .·. . . . . - . .· .. · . daily compensation-_for eactJ day or fraction ·thereof of ternp.oraiy -~isk!bility (R.A. -Np_. ~29°1, .Sec, 18). · ·.1. Nbt gainfully"engaged.in·.§.usinei,s or.economic· . : .. a~tivity (seJHmiployeq); ·· : : · , .. ·· .• ¢onc.fli1ons~ (120,ESTE-70) . · · · . . 2. ·Employedtengagecf.in a'bU$iness or 1;1conomic ·· · ·1, .·suqh benefit· shaJI not .exceed 120 ..day~ In 1 activity b.u~ receiving !ncor:ne less. "than Jhe. ·.· calendar year; .. . .. . ' ~ :minimu.m: · _compensati9n · ·qf . government·· ·· ·.employees; . · · · . . : · : . .. .· .2,· Employee. has gxhausted all "his .si~k leave ... 3: Not Beceivi,:ig._any other· pension ·fror.n:th~ ~Sl.S · . credits and coll.ectivtfbargaining.agreement sicll. lec;1ve benefits•; : . . : . . . or another · local or · foreign institutton · .or- · · Organiz;;ition; · ·. .. · . . · . 3. . He is in ·§ervice the tjme of his disabili~y-; or if · sepa·rated, he· has rendered_ at leasr 3 .years of 0
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· 292 .I 2019 SAN BEDA LAW CENTRAUZEQ BAR OPERA"J:IONS
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SOCIAL LEGISLATIO·N·,· SA.N BEDA LAW CeNTRAt/ZED BAR_ OPERATIONS - ME"MORY AID 2019
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Not engaged in any gainful Qccupation as · 1" . defined in-Sec. 2 (p) of RA 8291; · · ·. ··· 5... The . surviving spouse and .the· deceased- - . t, member were Living ·together as husband and wife; and · ·· 'i/-· 6. In the .case .of the ·dependent."spol,!se, payment . of the basic survivorship pension shall f.ontinue f. when .he · remarries. cohabits, or engages in ,,_. common-law relationsnlp (/RR of R.A. No. 8291, Ri./le /.V, Sec. 24.5). "' . 4.
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2. · When only dependentchildren are the s~rvivor~, they shall be 'entitled to the. basic survivorship . ·. pension as ·long as they are qua_~ified, plus t~e · . dependent children's pension eqwvalent·to 1 O Yo · · of ·th·e basic monthly pension . for every dependent child riot exceedinq 5, counted.from ·the youngest and without substitutton. . . ·3. When the .survivors are the dependent spouse and the dependent children, the dependent spouse shall .. receive the basic. survivorship . pension for lif~ or until he/sni:) remarriei,, and the . ·. 'dependentchildrenehatl receive the dependent . _ct)ildcEi'11's pension menjiorredinthe immediately · · .·. precedi.rig paragraph ·2 hereof (R.A. No: 829J, . · . Sec.. 21 (b)). ·' . · .· ·.·. · .. , · · : ·.
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_Note: The for.egoing conditioris;except.the la.st ohemust be present immediately preceding the death of -the ·member or pen~ioner,-(/RR of R:A No. 8291, _Rule W, Sec. 24.5). . . ·
Death ot.a M~mber . . · . If ·.there are ~o. primary_ beneficiaries, :secondary Upon a ·dea!h of a member, the primary b_enaficiar:i_es 'beneftciaries are e·nti"tled.fo: · '. . · · : · ~- . shall be entitled to only one of the following: · .' · 1. Cash. payment equivalent to 100% of his ;,. 1 ... surv.ivorship Peinsion; · . . · . »< average rnonthlyccrnpensation for each year/of. ~'. C .. d.It·, - . . . . . · '. ·. . .. . 13 service he .·pafd>contribtitions, but 'not -less. than on ons · · / · • /,(·.'", ·· · h · · b ' · ·a: The ..-de~easedwasiotheseNrce.atth~/i~~/<4\ .. P12,_00Q;_Provided, t~at t e mern_e_r_was in · f h: d th' · · · . -:--- · · · v1<.:,·? 1; l . if·\ service at.the time of his death and has rendered O IS ea ,.or ·\·f /J ,,. ,} ti fa._y { erv'ce·a d . b. If separated from the service, "he· ,.nas· ·:·-,...·~·..--<;r~.. e.~s,0; •• ears O s. 1 • ~ ·. . , . ren.dered at: lea~t 3 years o( selviqe;l'!Yuf'e(ff~..t{2.1.;.:itJ.tm,,~~je~ce pf seco~d?ry benefi~1anes! such . ·f h. · .d th d · 'd ~~r,,;:,00-lhly· rr be pafd to his legal heirs (R.A. No. t1.r;ne_ o 1s ea an pa, r.:1';',Y" .. , ::i. n . · benefits ·· f )) . · ·. · . contributions within- "·the . 5:-Y.e.:\i;; · periof!:.-;1 .... 8291' 5,··:· 21 c · · · · immeaiately preceding his de~tn-;for.,· 1 / f.;\ · . I! :tit :\ · : . . If l df rvlce· h 1-i ,)shaidii total ;_ I,;,( Note•. F9r !Utf]OSes of surv1vorsh1p. benefits, 5!3thl c, · fs_etplar~te18'0°m .. Jt.,,,.bat.''f,r-..,,-::: 1 .t rrA. iegitlmatii chi 8re~· · shall include legally ad6P.ted and o a eas . mon _>:;conn u rons pnor o~-· 'l 1 .. ·· .,rd • ild (RA ·N . 8291 ·5· 21·1d") . . de~· th. ·(RA N ndg·"·-"S £.,j3.,,.1 )(1)' '' .. , .. · . f '" eg1t1m~e c re , ec. · 1, 1 • . h 1s__ . . . . o. ~r.-, v ,.fil;;:,:.<-J\ 1•.a _:,.,. . {,i . "-F..-/;,"':'o.-.,,z.'/;jr:.,,•, :9. . . . o. · :;,:"
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· -.SUN.ivorship · . · · Pension . ·,s «-
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. · . : ·. · . . .equfval.ent -to 100%· _of )~is ::--?.¥~9e{h101"1tqly . t;ci . :In a~ an:,oun_t_f1~ed~y the GSIS ~ules and r~gulat19ns compensation for every year of"ser;vice;}df . t/P:. . ,p4t~should not be l.ess than P12,~00, to be ~ncreased "''""'"t'><-5~~1,~1~-'.'\,~t. P18,000 atter·s years!.p~ya~le upon the . C!)_ncfi.tions: · . ",/' · : ~:?~.--~·elei?tti_~f~f~.SPR)· : · · , . · . · a. Employe·e .was in service af·dh.,.,et,itrie'-of ·. L · An·8ctive ~ember; .. . death; a·rid · . .' · · . · ',';)';/J · · · 2.. A. mecnber wh_o has .been . .§.eparated from th,e b. i-tas rendered at teast 3 ·years 'br· service· · ·· serv.ice, buf who may be : entitled to . future :(R,A. Nb. 8291, S~c. ·21 (a)(2))-;°.. . .· : benetfit~. . . . . · .. ....._ . . · ,. · . . ·· · ·. · . .. · . . · .. . :. 3. , A f emiion~r; 9r . . . . :~· 3. Cash payment _equivalent to · 1.00%.. of his.... 4. A Retire~·who at.tli!3 tim!a of his·reljremen~·wa·s : . "£. , . average morithly ·G·ompe.nsatio·nfor eact,i· year of. of pensionable-age but Who opted to retire under . · service he p<;1id.contributions,-b'ut not less than· RA. No. 1616 (R.A"N°o: 829"1, Sec: 23). . P12, 000. . . . . ··, . '·. . . · · . ·. N·~te:.The-a·moun"t_~ffuneral benefit is currently fixed. Condition~: . . . . · at P30,QOO (G_SIS_News/etler',"ls§JUB·NO. :(-2015).. -a. :· E,np_Jox_e~i_·has rer.idered at feast' 3_ years .of . · servis;e· prior to his death; qut . '· fun~~al Benefits ·a're. payabl~ ··,to· any qua.lified . . b. He· failed to qualify undeF items .1 and 2 · ·-individual; in accGrdance ~ith the"(ollowing·otder of ··mentioned above (RA No. B_?.91, Sec. 2.1 priority: · · (aJ(3)}." . ·· · · : ·. 1. ·; Legiti~ate spouse; . 2. L~gitimate child who -spen~ . for the funeral. Payment S.ur:viyors_tiipPe~sion . . . servi.ces; or -. . . The survivorship pensio,:i shi:111 be· paid as folloi,ys: ·,: 3. ,o;ny._ot_herperson wHo c~n show incontrovertible ·1. Wheri "the dependent · spouse is. · the . only ·proof that'he sl'l~ulderei:I the funeral expenses of . ·survivor,, _"tie/she . shall . i:eceive- the basic the de.ce~se,d. (/RR ofRA 82~1, S~c. 25.1). · . survivorship pension for' life or until he/she remarries. 2. ..
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2Ql9 SAN BEDA-LAWCENTRALIZED.BAR OPERATIONS 1. 293
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socrxi, LEGISLATION
SAN D"EDALAW Cf!'JTRALIZEDOAR OPERATIONS: ME/1,JORr AID 2or9 WWi!B IWMIMR
Life Insurance Benefits 1. Compulsory·L'ife Insurance . . . Compulsory "upon · all. . employees. except , members of the. AFP and the PNP (R:A, No ... 8291, 'Sec: 24). ·
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make findings. of . fact. ard submit recommendations thereon. . · . The hearing officer shall submit.his flndings an,d recorrimendatioAs, together with i:!11. the documentary .i:ind tes.timooial evidence to. the . Bo.ard within 30 working days from .the. time the _parties have closed :their respective· eviden.ce . and 'filed their last pleading. .. Tile Board shall decide. ~he case within 30 days -fr,om ·the receipt of the· hearing officer's ·f~ndings · · and recommenqations: . . . ,•. . · The. cas.es heard c;l\rectl}i' bY. the Board shall be decided within 30 working days. from the· time th.ey are. sqbmiitei:I by. the parties fc:ir deci?ion ·
2: Optional Lif!:l.1.nsurance .. S1,ibject·to. th~ rules· and. regulations 'prescribed by the GSIS,a membermay apply for insurance 3. and/or : pre-need coverage embracing life, .. health, hospitalization,. education;. 'memorial . plans, 81'.Jc;:I such other plans as may be desiqned 4 .. by the GSI$;· for himself and/or his dependents.. . · Ariy . employer. ni'ay _ likewise . aP,ply for group insurance coveraqe ', for- its . employees. "The . , · ·(:R.A. No.' 8291, Sec. 30) ... · ·: . . . . payment of . the . premium~/in.staflm~nts· for optional insurance and pre-need.products may· 'be·m~de by. theinsured.or hisemployer and/or Appeal .' . . . . . .any person acceptable to the G$1S. (R.A. No. .1. · Under- Rules 43 arid ·45 of.the Rules of Court of . : 8291,'Sec: ~6)... : · '··. ·, .- · . · :_:~,,..,...~99?; .. :· ··. ·.. : · ... · · .· · · : . . · · ·. '; : · . ·· . ·. · . ._/'~ . y 1 K .;cc1s.,~spen~i'ng_ before the effectiyity of the.1Jl97 . AutomatlcPolicy Loan:(Y,L) :-:. ,i-K-_. . i~ J-\/RJle~0{,,Courtshall beqoverned by the rules in The AP'7 is a feature ot.a GSIS· life iosu~nc1eW6l!;s:Y"'"=---:u-s'<'.-,,~,fQrc1faµh~.time;_ . . .. . . . · . :. . · that k~ep~the poll.<:Y[n force-in c;a~e\!'1~~~B~Yllien.t· ~- . -·- . 3.._::;(\~!af. J:?'~1ake pr~ceden.C?~ . o~!:)r. ~riy· case_ Of prE:~lUf!JS _by t~k1ng. O.Ut a. foa~!m~~~$!9~!.f.!~t.-tt:te•""Jt~~,e.?,<~ept~,'2fnl~r\c~ses wher~. f!fe. jmprlsonment . unrestricted portion > :of t_h~ · ;:&°),fY~·J3ccum1,ilat~e, T··, '*J? · or 9:ec1tX'or;~i:f.]/L!S.(On perpetue is_ •_mposed; . ·. · . Cash Value (_QV) or Termma~~,n~luf (7VJ (/RR .'/ff jf~ ~ Appwa.1 sl\c;1lf~oJ~~ay _th,e ex_ecut_1_on of the order ~ R.A: No. 8291, Rule- JI, se« rl).. i . .. " . · or a,ward·\~Pjl~)~~rderE!d by the Board of . · · · · .1 ~rusiees .. of_w:i~~,S,by·the C_o\Jrt of.Appeals.,·. The· ~p~ sh~ll gnly be. apph~e:-"Jttt~ pohcy·~as:~r--~ ~-~-l:\bj the ,$Ug>telT)!3 t: ourt: :c!~d. . . . .' ... . .-1 .. An·unpc!ld pi:-e~ium·~fte~tQ_es@~acepenfd; anf~l.:l·ApP,ealsha~IJ~e,..yrtf,i~~t fireJUdtce to tt,e special . 2. f;am~d 'sufficient cy o~!W.ftqJovrJ~unp~~~: -- -S:.....:..-9.!. ~l./'%9,P!'<Jll f ce1i~'rar.i.wh~A ·pro.re: (R.A. No. . prem,.~ms or a frac;t,qn t~~t<'h°\~rn ~tt~)tro~~.::~rt. 1 0 mclucjmg corr~spond,ng \~terest<.ther_·. \..~· 3~~.. ifo.-.i~r. ,, . . R.A.No. 8291,.Rule_l': Sec. 7.1):,. i..P ~,;· . . ,~.7:tl t. ~~:..d _ : · ·,. · ·· .··· \ . . ·"".,~- .. A'Jfl' . c~1~.or,awar shall .be·executed-1n the same. . Loan G_r'ant . : . . . ~'. ' . -~ Sc1E- '-'1,.11·it1'a!)er 9S'ir:r' th~ ~ c. . •.. . . . .' . ~SIS funds may b~ inve~ted: · . ·.. , ..,·,'~ ;::::~·~...J.bilB~r.i;!~s the ·power to .i.ssue to'.th~ city or 1 .. rn· dire.ct housing· roans· to rr:iem ~rs(~rgiqa~Rf'd1~n9ia_1s~e.r:iff'.or its..appointed shetiff w.rits of ' hp~$ing ,P~ojec!s secLJr~d. · by.)i~~c.'Jct~_lge,- 1--: 11.1\-\~e~ylierifor._the el)forcem,ent of su_ch decision , g1v!.n9 pnonty to:th~ low.1ncome-~foups~~ L'J:~_9b:a@ard.. · · ·. :. . . . · _.:. : .. . 2. In .short and med1u1:tHerm .loans to :~emll.~rs--~, _Any.person·wno. falls or refuses to·co.mply after . such as s~lary, policy; ed\ic<1tional, ·em!3r.gerjcy . ~~ . bein:g r~quired fo, do ·so sha·11; · upon application . . . s~ock . purchase·. 'plan. and·. otfier 'similar..' loans by the GSI S, be punisf.led for.contempt-(R.A.-No.
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No. 829.1,
'Sec.. 36f . ·
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:· Adju~ida~ibn· ·.. .of • Claims ' ahd · ·mspute.s. · . · ·Pr.es.ci:ipti9~·of Claims.:· : . · Shah · p.rescrip.e . after ;4 · ye!:)rs from date of . ·. contjrigency, . except lffe .and.:·'retir.ement, benefits .(R.A.'No,
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·Exemption from Tax, L!;)gal Proce~s and Llet:i . Tf:le GSI$, its assets, revenues ·and- bene~ts paid shall be exempt from all taxei,; assessrner:,ts• .tees, · . . : Gharg~s .or cl uties ·.of all kinds (R,,4:. No. · 8291,. Sec; , ·. · 39).
· J1,1risciiqtion. : .. .:-· · . . · · . . GS.I~ has original.-and exclusiv~ jurisdictfon to s~ttle -any dispute arising uhder this Act an.d'any oth~r raws · administered (RA·No. 30). . .. . by·theGSIS . :·. . . 8291,-Sec. . . \
· .. Procedure ·1-,. The Board may·designate,any·:rnember the Board, ·or.ol'.flcialofJhe GSIS:who is a lawyer, to act as HEARING OFFICER to receiv~_evjdence,
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2019 SAN SEDA LAW CENTRALiZED BAR OPERATION$ ·\
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.Viol~tions:oftbe GSIS 'taw with'l?enal Provisions .. l. . Commitfed·by Private 'rndi:viduals: (POF). a. '.:Earticipating directiy or· Indirectly In the . c.pm~ission·of:fr~ud, do)l!,Jsion.~.falsifit:atloh; :. .or misrepr~s'eti~\ion iri any transaction' with 'the GSIS whether for the perpetratoror fo·r :·som~·other persons; ·
so·c1AL LEG:rSLATl:tl·Kf ·. · :·_'. .-·. ·:·.<·/i ... ·.·. :_·_,:, MN
SAN BtDA !AW CE/'IT'RALIZEOBAR OPERATIONS- MEMOFl'f.A/p2oi9. IPWiiff±M . .
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. . Qbtaining or receiving any money· or ·check invoking any provision bf this Act or any LiMITED. PORTABILITY' LAw. ;3greement · thereonder, without being :, · (R~A .. ·7699) · ·. entitled thereto with the intent to defraud any .- "; · member, anyemployer, _the G$1S, or any \ .. . third party; or . · c .. ,!:ailing . or: refusing ··to comply with the . Ari Act institutirig,U,;,ited ..Portaf)if!fy •Sch~me in. the , provlslons ·of .this' Act Of Wi.th the rules and : Social Sec;urity insurance Systems by Totaliiing ·the . · regulations-adopted bythe GSIS. Workers'.· Cred[tap/e. ·services· or. Contribµtions. in · Each of_the·systems.· Committed·. by Officers and. Employees of the GS:IS: (RAMP) ·. ,.: · .. ·. . . · · a.: 8$Ceivin'g or' keeping by ·any employee. or ·. 'Note: R.A.' 7699 -institutes'· a 'scheme for · member·.· fund "or property peii;mgirig, '... .totalizatjan a~d- portability Of so~i~I security benefits, p·a'yable or. deliverable to· the · GSIS and . . .. · ·"' . · _ . . .· . · .. · appropriatinq the same, or taking or" A covered worker who-transfers employment from · rnlsapprepriatinq or u~ing the same to any onesectorto'enother oris employ~.d·!cr both eectors · · purpose other- .than that ·authorized by thls shallhave his· creditable services or contributions in Act; or 'p13rmitting another. 'person to -take, . both Systems cre.difed-.fohis service or contributi'on · .· misappropriate or.use said fund or property record lireach_.ofthe·systems·and shalt be-totalized . • by. expressly eo,:isentfng ~hireto, or through__/") for the. purposes of-olct:-~ge',. disability, survivorship, ·: . _abandonment or negligence, or ..is ptber.v,i.l?e'/1,) and other benefits in casethe covered member does· · - · g~il~ of t~e misapp~op·ri~tion of sai~ f.u~c:l· ~r/{ ;;?, n':'t q·u_alifyfo,i ~uc~ benefits 1~ either or both Syst~ms . . p~~~~rty, I~ Whole _or in part: .· .. · . . however, • ~hat 1•0 d.•+ without.... totah.Z:8bon:. -.ProV1ded.,. b. ·Failing. lg include m the. ~r.mual budget) ~e_,_._. •'A ilL;.P.Y,~,!:}apping-renods of membership shall be. credited · . _amount corresponding to 'the -e'!lploY.,e~~an.91,:,·,·!Ii ~i.~'.-01:1f~<.i;9Re-t9tJotalization '(R..A: No: 7699, Sec.3). · employee contributions, oF failil"\g,~fusing,"'' lif . ,, --..::...ti.!!.y.!\- . . · · · . ~r delaying·,by more thaii _30 ·!'.J_~ys".fromth<,e~.-n. _Policy of t~~J\tate: (~!T) · .. . _. . t1m~. such. amoun_t- .~ecom?~/RueJ,a~,::..:-}.·1.. 1. ~ro_rn~10~~f·.worl<er~· welfare.by re9ognizing d~m-~nd~bl.e,or;deduct_1ngJtJJll' tti~Mll~nthly .• t.'J . th_e1_r:~ffo~ts_11;t,productrv.eencte:~v~rs; _ .·· ... _c:::o~!nbutions ~f the,~my.Jp'.yee; · ~~-·~ .,;_~ . ,~) · 2. !mpr9verqen~t.workers'co!1d1t1pns_.by prqv1dmg . ~.\ ...--.. _ c, .. Fa1hrg t_o re~1t ~he ~~-~~ply :.9~-•n.?.ut1oi=:13r." ~!!?,~;JP~~~~~g.yearso! contnbu!mn to the · L· . . 1oan amort1?at1on · \tr.onr.-=-a.;.,,,~,e".".~r:~ · n1,JtJQt,1ai~~!=:9f.l0';!:p,and, · · .· . · · ... · 'compensc1tion··by any '~aiploye-~(.~ith1~9:· 3.· ·Iotalitrump~a·na. portability: of· so~ial. security . -day,s from 1he_ date they'sno.Y,.td-'ha\e·_bee'n \ 1.,,:; . ben~fifs with the view '(if establi'shing. within_ a.· . i-f::rryitt.~d u~d·er, ~ec. 6(a) ~l'lil111 -~~~s_un;1'd: [!;.;,--:y.:-;cea~nable· period :·~,:· u~itarY.. social se..GQr.ity · · to.have been rn1sapp_rppnatedfp~ ·. ,,, :._,,.,.·i~··-'"~:J:i:tJ.syste~ (RA,.No. _'('6_99;-Sec. 1). d:. -Failinp~. refusing, or delaying1,l),r fa~~(.11F-"..--;--~~ : · .. · ·. · : · turnover, _.remittance., ·or dE:li~ftY t>j"Jthe · ·.eoverag~:-CTR) .. ·.·- · . .- ·· . · :_ . . . l')eads: · of. the. bffices· . of.· -th~®ional · . All '.worker~meml;>ers-of.tre GSIS and/qr-!;,SS: . ) . g_overnment, its political 5.u!)ai.visions, · 1-. . _Whq Ir.alisfer from ·o.ne ~ectcir'to anqther; arid · . · ... bl'anches, _agencies· and'- h1s~'tfrn'ent~lit1es, ·2. Who.wish_ to Bet~in. thei.r'meiTI_b,ership in bcitl) . · .Jncluding government-owned p~ controlled . . · ··systems (IRR'.of R.A: No. 7699, Sec.A). · · . . ' corporations 'and.: ·government·· finaricial:, . . ins'tftuti.ons;· and:Ahe ·~persor:iriel ·of' supt:, ~9_,:itrib~tio11s\ef~.rto .thaf. p'aid Jhe ·$mpJ~yer or . offices who are involved. in the-collectio·n of· wc;,rker eithe.r to f~e GSIS or the SSS_ on a~countqf ~remi~m .coiJt~ibutions, · toari ·.amorti_zatiop· · 'the workers membership (RA /Yo. 7699, Sec. ~(a); "' . an.i:l. other accounls due the·. GSIS ~ithin 30 · /RR.of. R:A. N~.' 769!{~u{eJif,_·sec. l(~?.)· · · ·· days.from th~ time that the· same shall.have · . ·. Totalizati~ri Jeter~ to t~e p~qcess of adding· up·_the . -:1 , • • . . ·. been _due and 'ctemandable :(R.A.' tfo: 8291, periods'ef cre'ditaqre·~ervices:or .cof-!trib,utions.under. S.ec: 13ach of-the· _syst~cri~-.'for purposes· of ~ligibility and f · :VVho·.n:i~y fi!e a O_rimih~I Ac.tlori . · . .: . . · . computation ..of !Jehefllif (R.A. No'.· 7699, Sed, .2(e);. · :. '/RR _ofR,.A_'. No. 769~; Rµ/e Ill, 1·.(e))... ·. ·. ,~. ·,/ ._: ·Criminal· actions arising from· yiolations .of R.A. No. •: 8291 . and · 'these. ·. ·lrn'plernenting · Rules and Portabjlity·'refers to the·. transfer. of·funds ~o~· th'e·· . -~ Regulatjons, .m.ay. be .'initiated· by 'the aggrieved ~ccount and benefit' of a worker w.ho transfers from mel'T)b_er, .e1ther. und:er the ·pfovislons. 9f .R.A. ~o .. -one system ~o thE3·. other iR.'A;.No: 7699, : Sec, 2(b) ~ :· .8~91 itself or, as -_app'ropriate,·under the Revised IRR of R.A No, '7699, Rufe Ill, Sel;., 1 {b)). . . ·:P.enal Code (RA No. 8_291? $ec:._5? P9r . ·. ··-.
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6 .. §.uch other· benefits common to both Systems Creditable .Services For th~ public sector, the· following. _sh~II. be that may. be availed of through totalization (/RR ot R.A. No. 7699, Rule /II, 9ec.10)). considered ·creditable services; (ACS-OP) 1. All .prevlous -servlces . rendered : by , an official/employee pursuant to an AJ)pointment· · · ·· Totallzatlon shall · apply In the · follow1ng whether permanent; provisional Qr temporary. instances: 2. -All' · _previous services · . rendered · by · ~in .1. If a worker.ls not qualified for any· benefits from officfallEHTlployee pursuant to a c;!uly approved . : both-Systems; . . appointment to· a. position in the· ~ivjf Service 2. · · If a worker in the public sector- is not quallfied for ·with comperisatlonor salary; . . · ,· any benefits In the GSl9; or . ·· 3. · The:' period during which 1:1n offlcial/ernployee 3.· · ·1t a worker in the private 'sector is not qualified was ·on 'authorizad §lck leave of absence without , tor any benefits from· the SSS (R.A. No. '7699, · · pay not.exceedinq-t year: · · : '.' . Rule \(, Sec. ·3). 4: the period during·w.hich an offlclslcr employee c' , · : . was 'Qut of, the service as· a result of illegal ·. Fqr the. purpose of computation of beneflts, · termination· of his service as 'finally decided .t:>y -totalization shall apply in .all cases so . that. the : the proper: authoritiesjand .,.. , . " .. : . contributions made by the worker-member 'inboth 5: All :Rrevious services· with . cornpensanon or Syst~ms shall -provide maximum benefits which . · , .salary r.ertdered byelective offlclals (!RR of R.A.~,;,..oJherwise will riot be-available. In no case shall the · No. 7699,./J'!le 1/f;~ec. 1(0)._ .··~: .. .,~·· ~~l~_tion__be lost or· fof~eited (!RR ae»: No .. ·
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Period·of Contribution · . . · ·. ):'t';,;...=---==,., ._:; .{ ff: ,...,~~-, · . . · ·. . ·· · ·. For -the, private sector, the ·peri~9€l.r-of Cj),A{pl=>1:ltl'on . · .Not~ -YJI~ qualifies· for benefits in both · · · shall· refer to the. periods during ~·(fs,~~,~i:.s91'f""""'"~yst~m~i~t~izati~ 4 shall not apply (/RR ot R:A. No. renders ·se"".'ices f?r an.e_mplo~fc®tti ?'pinp. nsati'li!)J '"1.F ~?1399, Rule'~t~1%· · .. · ·. · or salary and dunng_ which c,9ntnbt1tlr;ms ere.paur -,61~ · Lt~ \ . · \, { . . ~: ·. . . . . ·to, sss:· For" the purpose o,f. thi~ fectio?,, a sel,f. , . If after tq,talizalioe-_tfi.e'wor'ker-member still d0es,not .employ~d _person shall be si~~~ir.~d.an frn~Toj~ ~1?,'a~i!yf~r-·any \~Q.!}:fl\]~t~d. the member will_ then and el'.l'.)ployer at,the same~Hime-;(;RR o.t'r.[?:A:-,i!fp':-:-:i e:;::ff~U·'wh_?teve~ 1Bene.\1ts ,correspon<;l to· ~his/her · 16~~· _Rule Ill, Sec, 1"-(g)) ..:_ ;· .p~JT@).:tin!rib~ion '.n ·e11gie,::9,rHbot~. System~. (IR~ of t....i·t ( j\ ... , ~-~-No. 76j/f:_cf?};lte )r, _Sec.t1· . . . The .'creditable services or1;1c.o'"lt~i~uti~Q~\~~~n~~·· if~<_f , ·. · . ·. · ·. . . syste"?s shaU be: '(GT)... \.V .,, \ .. ~~\; ..;: · · ~(~e;jP.~61h~f.ottHek y~te.ms· · . . . 1 .. ·w~dited fo their se~ici:; o\_c;<jntri~ti~Q'.r~~r~iQ_:1 . ·'-~':~gl'S.~l),JI·the S~S shal!. be,responsit:,le f~r t!J.e. ·. · each of SY$~ems; and_::)~: .'l'~ t_/r(eori;lfng.pnd docttf01entat1on of tbe. creditable. 2, Io~a_lized _for purpose·? of :~d-ag~~-91.sl-ti._®t,_;[E1'>.f-.f{~r:l".loe~ar-~,,,.,,\1/~~e-i\lAccfred_ltat!on c;,f·services or,·perio~~ .of ~SI~ ~l')efits lfl either 9r_ both sys!~~~1.W,out. '1FJ!',ut~~ft!'Je ~empers shall be. ur,ic;:lertaken'by ·. · t~t~l1:zat1on -~o. 7699, Sec: '3).:· · ~~, .for the publtc sector .c!hd b.y t~e SSS for t~e . , · . .• · . .. .. · . . . ,. . . , """"1fr1vate sector (!RR .of R.A,. .. .No, 76[)9, Ruff! VI, Sec. , Note:. In. case of ~~erlapping periods of me'mbt::rshlp, . · · 2). . · . ..· · · ·.. . . . ·. . · · · ,· ·· it" ~hall l:>e ·credited. only.. once for· purposes of · · · · · totali~ajioo::(R.A.·No. 7699, Sec. 3): .. · . . : l?ro·porti(?l"!aiify·.of Be!lefits. · · · · -, ,., · · · ." Benefiis · to·.. be p:aid by 'the. system·.' shall be in ,,-overlai:ip.lng ot-"periods . . .Proportion Jo _the n\,lmber .ot, contribution.s actually ··Period~·. during· wli_i.ch · fl ·worker .. sJmultaneously·:, remitt~d to that system (R.A,. No~ 7699; Sec.·4). . contributes to. bdth Systems (/RR' of ~.A. No: 7699,." · · ·· · ·.· · · · · 'Rifle./[!, -~:ec.· 1 (i)). . .. . . . N~te: All · conlriputiorls· paia .. t;>y · s~ch ··mSmber : .p.ersonally; anq )_hose that were,' paicf .b.y his · . Ba~efi~s:· (0.DS-SMS) :· employe(s.,t~_both.s.ystems (SS$ and GSIS) s!:_laJl..be:. . · · 1. Qld-age b~nefit; ... · cons_idered in the processing· of benefits .which he· '2. · .Qisability ben~fit; .. ·: can. dairri .fro111~ eitl:u~.r or- both systems (R.A. No. .. :. 7699, Sec. 4). · ., .. · · · · . ~- . §.urvivors~jp ·benefit; · _ · '4. : · :§.icl~ nie-mber; a.nd : .
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Privafe Employee r an employee who renqers services In any of the-followlnq: · ( ·R.,A. No. J.1223orihf! '.'UN/VERSALj-lEAL..TH·CARE i. . Corporations, · partnerships, or . single · ·ACT" took· effe.ct on· F'ebru.ary'20, 2019. R,A.' No. . proprietorships; . N.<;,Os, -, cooperatives, · ,·· 1122~ wi/1.,NOTbe CQ(/E1;_red qythe 20_19 bar. syllabus, . non-profit orqanlzations, social, clvlc, or· '· ·nonetheless, tor purposes of discussion;· an.outline professlonal or. charitable institutions. . of sigri;t,carirchanges of'ihe new·law fs ·provir:J'@ a.t orqanized and based- .in the· Philippines the,..end. · · · including those.forefgn-owned; ... . ·ii. · Fo'Feign governments · or: inter.na~ional · Stat~ Policy · . . .. . , : · · organizations with quasi-state status :-. It is he.re.by declared ,th~ 'policy of. the State to adopt,./::-based in the Philippines· which. entered .. · ::.. an integrated -and comprehensive 'approach t0 Y).( .into· an ·agr.E!ement with the P.hilHealth . . . health ..development. whicp shall endea~or to (Corpor~ti6~f to_' cqver.. their: · Filipino "essential- good~·. health _and other social ser't!R~f ,.:··.>·1; .. employees m Ph11Health;, arrd · available to all the people at, affordable cost an~, tq ·.. · i 9 · -r• iii. -~orelgn business organizations based '. provide tree medic~! care_ to .pau~e'rs. Jo';N~rroa~• "Yith ~gree·ment . ~ith_. ~he · ·· .. end, .the Stpt~ shalr·p~~v!de compr~hens}V~1!i~altli~_;-:i'1-( ~-:----1~-~?rpo~atio_n to: cover. their . Fllipino care servi_«?es to all Filipinos .throug~·;f~oc1al1zeclJ,.\,....c_;-I . · ,6~P~i:>loyees in .Phi1He<;1lth. ; . . . . .: h~al~~ . i_n:5-u~a,:ice. ptogram _· (Progra,,r]:l.t(~:t1at__w~ ·'-f\ c. Al!:i ©l~f::r . workers renden~g services, prioritize the .. h~91th · care n~e.g_s·1. -'of-;;? tl'fe ['.;1 w-liiet'frertm government or . private offices, underpri~il(;l~ed,. ~ick, ·. eld~r!r~per~?,R[\::, wit_~11 . . §'{iohr,asj~~. oraer ~ontract~.rs.·project-based disab11i1i_es-: (PWD-;?);. wom~~:/7.~p~ ~_i~ren . an~_ (·r_{contr'{l£_to':i~~}1d the like( , · ·. .ptovlde free healt~ care serv1Qe!i,:to.J.1:,1.d19~~~(IR-ff.R!· · a0·.~rj)~~:S.J?.:.·~1cro EnJerpns~s; · ·. . ·. . R.A..fYo: !()75, T1tfe J, Se~. 1, 'if!;.,!me[!E.,e~.. _ ·,;;,;_) .''. f/l ·e. ''©.W.Ds).ffi.l,of §mall, · Medium and Lar~e '· . ·· . · ' · '"2";-,;..,~-:f ?Chieve the fo119~i{g.-_9~ctives: _j 1.~ ~1':7;-:l.O~q1 or "Kasambahay Law"; and: _. . . · (PEP) · · · .. · .. (~·._..r· ·· ,f' ..1.::::.:......:..-.1...:..:,u........:..;:w,,,,_,Family·Pr1vers(tRR of R.A. N0.·7875, Title i: froV.id~_ a.11 ·citii~ns ·of. the :Phillpp~!1es.:w.iifi;}~e · · · NJ, Rule.I; Sec.:·5, as amended), · · · · •· .. .. mec~ariism...;to ,galr financial. ac~e~~:t~;1ealth . . · · :· services; '; · . . . · . · ... -u. · . 2: ·Me~bers .in the. 'lrif~rm.al . E~on€>my ~ 'this .· .. . . 2. · . Establi$h the· Program ~o serve· asJb.e means· to. .. · . sector would· includ~ but. are. n6.t limited to t.he . . tielp the people pay.for health c.ate s-ervJces; and following: (MIS-DNP) . . ·. . . . . 3 .. Prioritize· and ·accelerate the provision of hea!tn .. ·a .. Mi'grant Worl<e'rs - .':documented ·._or .. . · .-services to ·an i=ilipinds, ·esj:,e'ci;3lfythat .segmenL undocum·ente'd'Filipinoswho are engaged.In : ·of· the. , ·.population· who:· cari'not afford the SB a remuner:ated acti-{lty in another c.~>'untryof. 'services .. (/RR ·or R:A ... Nq. }875, · Title I,, Sec. 2, whi~h tt:iey ~r~ riot dti?en~; ... · . . .. ·. . . :·. as amended).. · . ·. .. · .. b. Informal Sector - to tti1s · sector belong, . amorig" oth~rs'; . street . hawkers;-'. ,:nark~t ·... c·over~ge,·. . \ . . . . .- · .. : ' .... ·.. · . ." .vendoi's,J:>edicab, anc!,.tricyclE;l drivers.small .. The.Pr.ograrn Shall cover.th(? foll_ow.ing m.embers and ·. construction 'workers.,.- .~nd . hom!,l-base.d . t_heiq:fepende!_l~s:, ·._. . .. · . : .. -.,-. . ·· ·: ' 'industrjes arid services; . .. . . : . 1. · Metnbers:in tt,e Formal.E~on.omy.- those with c: §e.lf·Ea'rnlng lndi~iduals '- .individuals who . . f6rm;;i1 cotitrect~'a!')d fixe'd terms 'o.f.employme'nt. ' render s.ervices' or sell goods as a. mean·~ of ·. ··including workers ii'l the gpv~rr:iment.and private · ·liv~lihood out~ide'of.an employer:empfoy'ee ·. 'sector, ·whose premium· ci:>ntributiori payments· re!atl9nsh.ip br as .a ..ca~e~r. ::rhese. include are equally stiar.ed. by .th.e employee and the professional practitioners 'includi~g buf not ·einp)oye.r:·(GPOMS;HF)': . · .· --... · .· , · limited ·to. ·9octors, layvyers; engineers,.· ·a. .Government Eihploy~e - an··e~ployee of· artists;architects and the.like, businessmen, ·· 1_he·_.go¥e.rnment, wheth,er r,egular, ~asual or. . ~ntrepreneurs, actors, actr!:)sses a.nd 'ot_her confractl,lal, who renders servi'?es in .anY. of . perfot.n:,er's, . hews correspondents,
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professional athletes, coaches, trainers, and contrib'utions (/RR of R.A No. 7875, such other individuals; . . Title Ill, Rule], :$ec; 5, as amended). · d. Filipinos with Qual Gitizenship - Filipinos b. Retirees/ Penstoners fro'm the. Private · whoare also citizens-of other countries; · . Sector . . e. Naturalized :Filipino· Citizens -. those .whb i. SSS Pensioners prior to M1arch 4, 1995. have become : Filipino citizens through. . · ii. · .SSS Permanent .. Total Disability .. · naturalization · · as governed . · by· Pensioners prior to March 4, '1995; . Commonwealth Act Ne. 473·or the Revised. jjf. :sss !Death/ Survivbriship Pensioners' Naturalization Law; and · prior to March 4·, 1995; and . . f, · Citiciens of: . Qther countrle's · workln·g ·iv ... S$S .· Old-aqe . Retirees ·who. have ... .ani:f/or ··residing in the Philippines ·.:... reached t.he·ag~ of retirement on or after to.reign. citizens with valid. workjng permits :fv'i~rch.4/1995 and have at feast 1?0 · a·ndior Aliens· Certitlcate of Reglstr.~tlor-is months' PhilHe~!th '. . premium. ·(ACRs) ·.·work,i.ng· and/or r_asiding in the · · contributions (/RR of R.A: No'. 7875,. Philippines (lf?R of R.A. No. 7875, · .Title 'ttt, ' : . Title. °JJJ; Rute f, Sec: 5,· as a.mended): Ruf~ J, ·Sec. 5, 'as amended). · c. 'UnifbrmeNP, . family subsistence; as· identified. by t),e DSWD,.,..-sx=-=· BJMP and BFP 'who have. reached the· · .. based 01'.l specific Criteria set fOr this pur.p~_s-e'fn 1+i -~, · compulsory ·a$e .or .retirernent before accordance. With the guiding piinciP.l~efj~rth . I\ },r t,<-)Une 24, 1997, and' retirees under. P .D . . in. Article I of I\IHIA (/RR of_R.A',JV"6.(IBff,~·T1J.{~-,,..= ...-~- '{f•.;f 'fl. :Ji'.lb~ 4P8'; and' . · · . __ . . . . Ill, ~qle J, Sec. 5, as amend1fl7· ~pi~~med. members of the AFP; P_NP, .. A. Sponsored Memt?e.r ·.:.. -~ ·m(11J9yr ·_J}'j;los~-~7....._.._~ ,~:$~M~\in.d BFP·w~o ha~e reached the contribution is being paid J?-Y,anel~$!r in€1ividu~ · '.'J.C V,... · \ .\~qr;nP..Q.ls~ryage of tetlremant 6n or after . goverr:iment .agency; Or· 8fvat~erytityc/itcordidg ~~ .ti',\.-. 1( J)i¥ '\f97., bein,g-tti~effectivity date .. to -the rules' as ·may Ji~ prefcribe1' by the · ,.. · · . ~ •of\~fAg'~ot 8291, Which e):(cluded•them . Corporation (!RR of R/•'ifN'o;_.¥ffl5, TitlfiTll;'Ra'Je--:-'~ iri tt)~!go _)uls~r.y :m~mbership · of the /, ·~ec. 5, as amended)· /!-'~ K · . :\ '°'/i'f''~ 1~'. : j · a.n . \t)av9: .at l_ea~t. 12? · months . . . · · · · · .· f!' _..~ h · · · ~ l~f1.~t-.. ,m,"j.fti L Ph~~eali · ~rem1urncontrrbuttons (JRR · 5. ·ufetlni~ Me~ber..:. a'm'i=imt1~.p~h0"\~r~~~,9.,\~~~ _._;., __ / P:/Z>ff'%J:: .: ·.}fB~5, Tjtle)JJ, Rule:/, .Sei,. 5, . · tt:ie age of retiremer:it uni~i_9f.-\f~t~w~ff'R~.P~1ct:,~- i ef':,. ·. J~Ja.sfpnerrr:fe/;J).··.. ·, .. ·.. · . at .least 120 monthly, i:>!emram. _cor'f
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SAN BEDA LAW CENTRALIZEDB)!R OPERATIONS- MEMORY AID.2'019
For single proprietorships - Department of' i, . The monthly ·premium contribution of employed Trade and Industry (DTI) ·registration; members shall be remitted 'by the employer on ,2. For partnerships and corporatlons - s_ecurities P( . before the date. prescribed . by the and Exchange Ccmrnlssloh (SEC) registrc;1tion:. Corporation. · For ·foundations· and other non-profit ·3. The remittance· of premium contributiqn by the -, orqanlzations « SEC registration; . . · employer shall be supported by a Remittance4. · For cooperatives - Oooperatlve ·Deyeloprnent .' List.to be submitted-regularly to the Corporatlon. Authority (CDA) registration; or ·~ 4. The failure of the employer,to. remit the required 5.' For backyard indostrtes/veruures and microcontribution and ·to submit .. the required . business enterprises - Baranqay Certificatiop : .re.mittance list shall makethe employer liable for and/or Mayor's Permit (/RR· of R.JJ,. No. ·78.75, reimbursement of payment of a· properly filed Title-Itl, Rule Ill, Sec. 13, ~s emended). . · claim.· in· case .. the concerned .ernployee . .or . . .. dspsndent/s.avalls Proqram'benefits, with.out' O.bligatfons of Ei:nployers .. · . ·: . · · . prejudice to the impositionof other·p~naltle~·as All government and private employers· are required . provided for in,ihese.Rul~s .. ·· . · ', · : . . . to. . . . 5,, For..govein'mert aqencies, it sp~fl· be rn'ar.idc!\Orf. 1: ,Regi1?te.r their . em ployees ·. and ·: thelr. qualified · and compulsory tor the employers to include tli'e dependents: by submitting a . list .of their . payment of contributlons in.· their ·: annual employee's complete with their salary base and .. appropriations. The use of ..said- funds with~eld , other documents as may be required; .' . · _:..,,;,-.,. · · 'by government agencies other· than · for the 2 .. Report ·to the Corporation )ts · n.ewly-hiJ.,~f'X;I[ purpose of remitting Program contrfbutlenswnl employees within 30 calendar days · ~ro~rf'-/·y-:, :· . hold ·the .erring govern01ent employers liable. · . . . · . prov1s.1ons . . f th. -R . d assumption too ffiice;: . . · ·· . J, u ',.,' ~·1·-- . . under. the pertinent 0, . e ev1se · 3: Give notice to ..the Corporation of an employ~~;s,, ., ;·.'7 ;.--~···· Penal C.o~e.· : . : . · ·: · · . · . separation' .within 3_0 calendar day~,..c;froe: .:ttil:'.11?~:'t"!il_uj,i:~rtd/or-, refusa~·of theemployer to ~e~.uct saparatton; -. . · . · . ~t ·.. ort-t!.rem1~, ·.the .. complete.. ·eroptoye~s . and 4. 'Ke~p true and. a~c~r~te. wor~·.rerf~~/for S\J~P\Jj. em~loYnW~p~emiu·m·.c~ntrib_ut,onsh~ll .not be a penod anp .contammg such 1~forJ:11<;1t~oh:, as. ttir. il .basis fpr~~1al of a pr.Qp~rly filed cla1rn.·lri such Corpo~ation ma~p·r~sc~b_e; an~,l~);~, ~'· c:i .(?a~.<\the}. <:;orpor?tion· ~hall . .b'e. er'till~c!: to 5. · A,llow,the ipspect1on-~f 1ts_.PJ..\:l.fl11S.~S.1f\f.lU.~g~s reil'll~urs~me\t of clan:l'l'~ p_a1d:fro~ t~~ erring or . books a,n_d: o,her pertment~r.~9ord~~ff~RQf FJ.:A~ -~~'· .n~J:1;1!9,.e~tt'e'!l]~Y,?i''. "'.'Jlth~~t ~_reJ~~1ce to the · . _No. 78!5,. Title Ill, Rule)ll,,§ec.•,:'l:.5_)~bi:', \~· · ~~f{Jl"P.r:ey::e_~u.!t~n an.d ot~e_r.hab.1hties, as·may .. , · ·. . .• ' . • ·• ·<{. ·?·'-'":"-<.,( .,41:l·\:J. J,.:[- · _herea~~t.J:i~'prpv1ded_by_ this RuJes,- . • . ·Rate.of Pr7m_,um C_ontrib.ut1on~-;-'_-:-:;:.>'."':'..~.· :. ' .. f.iy. 7: ,:he .la_st . complete .. record. 9f_ .··monthly. Members. in th~ formal -~-~On?mXi Sliall :,r~rtin . · p,"'.,.;.;,,=, contributions . ppid · .bY.. the ·empl9yer or the paying the month!>_' contnbut1.on~ t~ ..1?,.~.;:,shar~9 _,ti.,,;;; -:..~!.~'?;€!(ageof.the mo~thly.co!'ltr.ibutiof!s paid .during . eq~all~ . by .~E! · employer ·and_. er~pJ.ef?e ;f~:;~:,.....U:!..:.~:·".n,tl1e<=:pa'it~ .years as of th~. date of filing_ of .the· prescribed.rate set by th~ Corp9rallo.n ~qt excr.~~l.og action for collection·sha.11 be presumed.to be the 5%-of.ttwir respecth,:e.15.asic)ri?nthly_sa~t/t?/f~Rof·:· n:ionthly coriMtiuti9iis payab.le 'by and due from.: RA . No. , 787.5, Title 111, Rule. J/1, See:~ /1:6, · as · the ~rT!ployer to Jhe C_or:poratiori for-each of_ the· .amended).. .. · unj::>~id-. rhontti, \.mless ·... contradicted . and.: Mandato.'ry ....... , App.ro.prlation. . of Pr~mium_: . ove'rcome by other evfden.ce:·Provided, that the. • dowor~tien . .shali n~itli.er ..be:'· ·.. Contribution 'tor Governmeiit Agencies .. . · tru barred. Jrom · . dete(rriining and col!ecling,the e c;1nd c,:;orrect: It Sh.all b~ mandat.ory·f.or ali g'_overnment.ag'.encie_s. to contributi.ons · due it av.en aft13r fuli 'paynier'it inclu'de the paymenfof premium contribution ·in their . ..·'pursuant tp'this ·farovislon;,nor sh~ll the·employer· respective annual appropriations: Any' im,rease in:,. . -·· be relieved of his' li.ability'(/RR ofR:A.· No:]~75, .the premium co~tributlbn of.the national gove_rf')ni'eht.' Tiffe)II; Rule lit, Sec. tB, as"i:imend,EJd)'. . . : a~ employer snail Ol'.'IIY b~cotne e~ective upon . ,·· . . , . . . inclusion .of said ·amount in th~ annual General. . Remittance. o'f PfE:rhiutns ~f 'Employees With Appropriation: Act (GAA) (/RR.of R:A. No.. 7875, · a.~ .. · Income Gaps . . . . . Amendereniiµm ' · Con~n"b.ut1ons •· ,..due to non.-renclitio.n servic~ 6r;·for s_uch ,i:ther .· Payment · ·. · .· .· f .. The. member's monthly·. contribution .shall be, reasons suc:;h as those.whq a·re:ori leave without pay · · · · deducted and . w.itht:leld automatically by the . ot on extended leave, includJng membe·rs ·engag.ei:J · in· seasonal- ·employment; .shall· 'contir:iu'e· to pay' employer from the. former's salary •. wage · or premiums· 'to the· ·Prpgram to· ensute :_c¢ntfnuous· . earnings.·. The· prernium. co11trlbuted shall be entitlement to be.riefits (IRR o.f RA No.·. 7.FJ75{Titfe ~ 'divided e·qualiy.between the employer and.the employed. The employer';,_·counterpart shall not, II{,: Rule.l/1, Sec. 19,. as a'me~del:J).. : .. .'.. ." : in any m_ann~r be charged tp \h~ employee. 1.
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'· to·ensure continuous entitlement. to benefits (/RR of R.A.. No. 7875; Title ·Ill," Rule V, Sec. 24, as amended): · ·
'Premium · Payment -of the Government. and Private ·. Employee Members · with Multiple Employment· .: . . Members engaged in multiple" employment. in the government and 'private.-.sectors whose aggreg~te• monthly premium· contrlbutlon exceeds · Hie. maximum rate in the . prescribed . premium . . contrjbutlon schedule may request for adlustment of · persona! share·subject to the guidelines to be issued by the Cotpcratlon (IRR·of R.A. No .. 7875, Title Ill, . · Rule If I, Sf/c._ 20, :as amended). · ·
Retroactive Pay~ent of Premium ·c'ontribU:tion · A ·· member who · has · mtssed/unpatd premium .' ' . contribution 'shall be allowed to pay retroactively-as prescribed by the corporattcn (LRRsm». No. 7875,: Title .111, Rule 'V, .Sec. 25, as· emenaed); I
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SPECIFIC RULES·CONCERNING"COVERAGE INDiGENTS . . . .
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SPECIF1c."RULEs·coNCERNING C.OVERAGE OF H:oliSEHOLD HELP OR KASAMBAHAY .
ldentlftcatlon and Enr.oli~erit ofJndige~ts .. Ali ·_indig~nts ldentifled by the DSWD under ·the' . Registration .of Household Help .or..K.asambahay . 'NHTS and .other such acceptable '·filelt,ods:. shall To .ensure that - Philf-iealtti "member~hip :·of the · ~µtomaticany· be enrolled and. covered under the househotd help·. or kasambahay is .sustained., . Pr0gram 'f!RR of R.A:· No.. 7'f375, Title Ill, Rule vi; employers are required to:-· · . · . ,;..,~~--f:i~c.'27, as emendedt.. . · · · · ·, 1. Regi~ter-fneir kasarnbahay with the Cogl6ratfon-1T ]· aii~ . the _kasam'bahay·s: .q1:1alifie~_;,d{perfg;nt~1l_ }~~Yll1~·n'f,;f~fre~iumC~nt_ributions . . . under their P.~N; -; . . ~~:7~( ""::i ~~L-,:;g!:em.!urnp~1ft~Ut1ons for indigent members shall be 2. Report to the Corporation t~r- ka~a.W.biil:fay · · -f1,1~s.1Jb'sijji2'*1,b_y the National Government. The· within- 3_o· calendar days upqf~f1l~Q,yp.ienJ;_.aAEt'"'~'f"--arn0.\!!J!~~6'~~~5..1Y, shall ·be included in the 3. G.!ye_ notice to the.·forpor51.f~2,i}.-up~~paFati~D, "'\"''. ippropri.atio115,.fqf}~ ·poH under the annual GAA of the kasarnbahay and ija'Y tn~)mrr~pbAdir.ig 1.(l/i?R of~.A. N,.bf 7875t Title Ill, Rule VI; Sec. 28, a~ Ph_i_lHeal~h P~E:miu!l) . ·90~!:Jb~Jlons [!:>,.i:__~~~- ,. , .. amende_ql· " \ (j?) - rendered services unt1lk~e,J:late of _sepa~a,12n J_ .: \\ ·,._.-:.-4.\ . _: . . :, . (/RR of R.A. No: 7875, (i=?ul~ 1v},seo"!~,r,?: t~gmen.asPrim}ry M,mber;s · ·. _amended). ·_ : I '.i · felJlale. 's~Llse,,,-p~ the· familie~ 'ide.ntified by · •• _ 1 · ~-4 ij ~:.,~. ~ · ~~~-::::. DSWDJ~e-.!~slgn~ted as the· pnma~y member No~e: : Empl?yer~ of hou... ~l:lqJd1.~~lp ~~i.og;a~/IRE(4!fjf.A.-No. 7875, Title Ill, Rule , re~1stered with the· ~ss· pnqf.-te ~U!Y 1, '[91;.,,.._~rlr~~l.#.~r.[t/rJP.:i{:J'ii;a_s,1ameno,fid). . .. consldereg automatically re!iJ·~tere~:they ~l""lt1i>;tl· <W~~ · required to updat~ their. cecords~ith·th~orJ?.-~-~«,~""/'69r~meny·.of . CJJ:fzens of Other , Count~ies (GM) (/RR pf R.A.-NoJB.75, -Ti~e Ill, Rul<#)V! ~~l-~N-1-~o.!¥inJ!,ih t~e Pp,,irippin~s . . . · · .,_· -21, _as amended)'. ·. . , . ., · -~;;-:,,,_~;,__--~Gfti_?'.~Aro:'\¢.ti-e~,po1:1nt'rfes working in .the Philippines ·· · . . _ · .. ·. · . - . · ·, .,(]).y·)~~':n'l°]fy.-b.'ef\~,w~ffcoverage in- the Program 'providE:ld' , Premium Payment ofJ-f.ousehold Heli~~!J .1\ ~' A-Ra}~tllle.11;,P.'countries have : ·existing. reciprocity · ·The annu_al premi'm11 "contribufio~s· of· lioas~~d !VI1agr~jrne'nts . with t~e. · P"!iJiipJjines,. _s~oject . to helps- shall be fully pf!id in· accor;~anc~ with ttie~=--ifi:fchtional guidelines as may .be prescril::ietl.by the. prov1s1on.s : . of • RA · No. -·.1036.1 . · ~or -·~Batas: Gor"pqratii:m (/RR of_i=<_A· Ns. 7875; Title Iii, Rule II,.. Ka$arri?bahay" (/RR of.$.A" No. 7875,Title JI/,. Rufe · . Sec.. Z6, as. amended).· · . : .. ; . . . . ·. . . /v; Sec. 22r- ... ·. . . . . .. . . sP.EciFi'c· Rl)Llis° coNcERNING cov.eRAGE oF .. SP.ONSORED M.EMBERS .. . . . .· . . . ·· ~PECIFlc RULES. CONCE.RNJ~GCOVERAGE o:F INFORMAL SECTORWORKERS·. · . · Payment fo.r Sponsored Mei:nbers' Cont~ib.utlo.ns. · Payment qf·C~ntribu~ions .·· . .. ·.. The premium payment for. Spon_soredMembers shall' Contributions ,of memb·ers in the inf9rma·1 economy be §i.s fc;>ilows:_ . . · _ .. . · . . shall be· based ·pnmarily hous~hold earnings and _ 1. · .. Me.mbers of· the .informal ecori'orriy· from.'.the assets··(/RRof R.1',.'. Np.-.7875,.~s_amende~,Sec;' 23)_. lower incon:ie segment-·who do not qualify for full• .. subsidy..l!hder the means.te.st ruJe.·of tiw D~WD. · 'cessation · from Formal . En'lployi:nent · shal! _be subsid_i~ed bYthe LG Us odhrough cost . Coverage, as· Indigent, Sponsored Mem.ber, or as . · .. · sharing mechanisms betw_een/afnong L,GUs, Migrant Workers . . .and(or legislative sporjsors. and/or . other: .A .m.emqer separated ·frorri formal emptoymen.t or .. sponsors . "arid/or the "me~ber, including. the · National G·overrim¢nt; · whose cover~ge a ·sponsored m~mber:or ·as cin. :.Indigent or as·a·migrant. worker:has ceased s.hould -pay the required- premium self~earraing iridivi~uals
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SOClAL LEGIS.LATI.ON SAN BEDA LAWCENTRAL1ZEDBM OPERATIONS~ MEMORYAl() 2019 hi
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The premium contributions ·. of orphans, abandoned and abused minors, out-of-school · · youths, street children, persons. with disability . (PVVP), · senior citizens and battered women .. under the care of the DSWD, or any its :.. accredited institutibns run by ·NGOs or any .. nonproflt private 'orqanfzattons, shal( be paid 'by the .D.SW.D and. the funds .nl;?'Ces~ary for .their -Inclustonln.the Proqram shatl be included inthe annual.budqet of th~·1DSWD;. · · . ·. · 3; The needed premiurn contributlons- of all ·.. baranqay heal.th 'i.vqrkers/ nutrition .scholars, .: ):)arangay tanods, and. other baranqay workers 'and volunteers ..shalf be fully 'borne by the LG Us · concerned; . . . . . · .. .Fhe annuat required premium ior·tl:le coverage of up-enrolled women.who are about to give.l?irth . shall ·be fully borne by the National Govet.nmi;lnt . a.nd/or'.LGUs·and/or' l~gisl.ative sponsorsorthe . . PSWD if such woman is an indigeot as,./~ determined throuqh means test (IR.R ot R.A. .fj/r.{,)'J{
BENEFITS: (ln-01,1t-E-HO) . . . · ·. . Members· and their dependents are entitled· to the follO\yin·g · minimum services, subject to the · Iimltations specified in the Act and as may be determined b.y the Corporation: . . . 1 ... In-patient care: (R~D.U-Pres-HE} a .. Room and board; . b .. §erv!ces.of health care professionals; . c .. Qiagnostjc, laboratory; and .other rnedicaf . examination services; _ r.: · d ... of surgical qr 'medical. equipment and . facilities; : . . . . . e. _ Prescription·. drugs and bloloqicale, subject . .to the ,limit~ti~~~!J~em~nt · 1;.J ...:appropr~a}e ~nd .cost-eff~ctive (!Rf? of R./J.. No.. · aRd ha$,Pa•d at lec;!s(·120 mont.~_IYf_oontri.b.QJrorfS:"'Sh~~~ . 787!/f· p},1.,·R.u/e·/, Sec. ·37, as. ame.nded). · bE1 qualified as- a· Lifetime M~l:nber: ThJ!,:number ;of" · ... { -·, : · H · I)..- . . · . _ : _ ·. monthl:y tontribµtion5 require(~.~-~'.Ei~trn.te;\Memq~J .'')fote~~~~~Q'$es )md-: pac;:kages; shall. b'e m~y.be·incre~sed i~. acc:>rda_r-ii:;,twitJil:!:?-rt:ictua,ri:f'Ji·· revie~ed~oon_uailt. to. determine it.~.: fina_ncial. stu9y to SUsta1n tt)e f!n~.r:c1al V\8blttf9;._g!,::the.,wograr.·. . i' tr ·. S~stc;11.ru3b1hty. an? re!evanc~ to health._ 1.n~ovations:., (/RR ?ff~.A.No.. 7875, T7tle m, R_ule~VJ/!, Ser;~32, as. the en~ m ,y1ew of·quahty assuran.~e, mcre~sed ame,:,ded). . ·. . _ · . . . . yr-·-;,~.,;.:. ~~:'.'::'/~:'~ re~~ceq o~t-ot~p~c;-ket e~pend1ture: ''':·.. · · _ .. _ - . ·. \if _ ·. ·. >J;,»~,.~Lseci'f'.·rev11=1(V sh.all. 1.ncll!de actuanal stud.ie~ (IRR·of t.: · Lifetime Member.with Current So.urciofii:r6&Jne - . ' . R.A._No.'7875, TitleIV,'F?ulel Seo: 37, as.am~nc;Jed).. ;: . A Lifeti~e fylember who·obtains a,regul~l}gg~ce of·· - . . . . . . . .. incorrie from em·ployment, · practice cif profes1ion anq · · ·. .E!1fitierne~t. to. ··Benefits . . . . . .._, . other·· means. ·~hal~ r'esu-me . p·aying lhe "requirecf. ..Members·· and/or.· their :dependents :.are entitled to monthly pr!;!mium. con.tribution until fi_nally' ceasing to . of thE3 benefits if' either of th~ following is met: earn;' j:m:>vided, that: s?id in~orri~· is above lha poverty .. (PP~PF}' · . ~ . . _ · .. · · threshold (/RR of R.A~. No .. 7875, Title Ill;.. Rule ,VIII, , . ··1.'· .e.aid .frern_ium. conf,ibution..Jcir .at least ·3 months Se.c. 33, as amended). · · ·· : wif~i.n the .. 6 mqnths pri.0r: .to .the. 1st day of ·:. . . avaiJrTlent; ot . . .
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'PhjlHeal.th Coverag~·.is ~a Requisit'e. for ls.~'Uance ,:· ··.or R~neVl(al. ·of License/Permits . .. .· _ . · . Among.the pow~rs and.-f1..1nctions ~fthe Corpora,tion arid. notwithstafidil)g any 't:Q.. the contrary, all government' erititles -. ind.udfn"g ·· LG Us. jssu'jng professional .or.. b.usiness license· or· permits; s~all require all applic.,mts to sabmit a certificate or p'roof · o(payrnent of Phi!Health premium.~Ciritributions as a pre-requis.ite to · the issu,;ince or· ren~waJ · qf .SU.Ch i1 license or permit (/RR-of R.A.No.1875,'·Tit/iill(Ruie t. .ix; S~c. 34, as amerided). · · · ·
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in· full: the .required ·pte!T)iUrl). 'for. th~: c~lendar ye.ar· (/RR R.A No,; 7875, }We JV, Rufe:/;Sec.' 39, as amend~d).· · . . . . . ··. .· .i'11: addition: ·the ine.~ber is- ~ot. curre!)tly .st:ibject to·· l~gal· penalty 9f suspensioh as provjded Jor ·in Sec. 44 .(lie· Act and has· ·paid· the premium· with sufficient regularity .. The . Corporation· ·may . issue· . otfier. requiremen.ts .f0r· entitlement to.· benefits ·as it : deems appropriate (!RR of R.A. 7.875, Title IV, · R.ule/, Sec.- 39, as amended}; · · .· ·
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2019 SAt·.fBEDA LAW . CENTRALIZED. BAR:OPERAT/ONS .·.
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.S·OCIAL ..LEGlSLATION. SAN B'l;DA LAW,CENTRALIZEDBAR Of'ERATIONS - ,MEMO~Y AID 2·01~
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The followiAg need not pay the monthly contrlbutlons to be -entitled. to the program's benefits: (RP-NGE) 1. Retirees and .Pensioners o,f the SSS and -GSIS pr1or to. Mar:chA, 1995; and . · .. · . 2.. Members Phil Health who have .teached. the age ·of retirement as provided ·tor''by" law'. ·.No\ Qainfl:IIIY gmployed or continuing their practice . as.- professional and. have·- met· the . required· · premium -contdbutions- of al' Ieasf 120 .rnonths' . ·(lf?R of.R:.4.. No. 1.875, Title IV, Rule. J,.'Sec. 39,
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~ertification of the attending physician as to the final diagnosis, period of confinement and services rendered.
·!he benefits· to _be 9~an_ted shall be 'paid .to -the , · member in the equivalent locaf rate based· on the. Level 3 hospltal category with 'the applicable caserate_p.ayment'(/RR ot RA. No. 7-875, .Title IV, Rufe·//, Sec. 41)>
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Outline of the Significant Chang,es under the UNIVERSAL TWtARE . . . . HEAL . ..~ .. . . . ACT . . . ·
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Dependents . . . . .. ~-' · Coverage. :. · . . The legaJ dependents a; member are. the: (LU- . 21F;60P) ·.. · . .·. . ·' · · .. .. . '. Ev~ry Filipino ·citizen shall.be automatically inclu~ed . · 1. · ,begitil'T!ate spouse who 'is 'not a member; -: . . · . iri .the: National:.Heaith Insurance· Progrc!m (N!:IIP) _(R.A'. N.b.-11223, Se<;. 5). . ... · : . , . 2. !,!l'.)marned . 'and . unemployed legitimate, . ··. l_egitlm~t~d.: acknowledqed, n.I¢giJjmate cli'iidren ·•. . and legally .adopted oi-· .step~hUqr9,_n belo_w_Jl...~~=:J!~~of Mem'~ership: (R:A. No. _11223, Sec. 8) .-Ye.a.rs of ag_e; · . - . · · . ;:P'· · -·u· f.· -sir~ct Contributors · · . · . 3, _Children. who. a~:.21· years· old ~o~o~'e~but . {\. la:Jc· -WO~ewho have capacity to pay premiums,. . . $Uff~riT\,9 from- ·eoogenital ·d~(b,t!!~ ffejff'IJf..[P..-:=-~! ·j .rporation~, c/'V'rofe~i~a,practitioners;", ' . . 4 .. foster c;;hil_d as· defirieq_fin¥RljfN.cJ!··.t01.6.5 .u,f-.;• .&~ .d. Mig~QtfworK~rs including. their" .ctualified otherwise 'known as tl')e··19~ster'q~reA~t of 2012; · . ~epenct~tt~~;)}~d.' . · . '. . · , · 5. Parents wbo ·are · 60.:iar])e)lf·o'r ·a'i°ve, ":ff6f'.G =--~'''e':'tlifetime~fi\eJ.L!.b~rs (R.,4·. N9. ·11223, Sec, 4. ·. otherwise an. enrolled; iemb~r;1 w.ho~~·~ort{5iy·-:-.ill ·{f)).. , ¥'-:· 'Q il ·._ . . · .. · · ·. fricome-is.bel,owan amcyun!Jd P,e defe · ined~~ lndir,ect Con ribt1tq~ - all 9t_hers.not included·,as · t~e Corporation in a.cco'l-~i!\~¢~y.,itl' ;guiding'; '#!!' ·" 'dirlW9ntrjputor~.Hi:is·well a~ fi1eir. qualifi~· .. principles sePorth·in. th~>}cira~l'.1: ~~ \·· .!"" fu"" . · 1 f.!"-t.~· · -~~tjel")t~j'J-;,.""wt!if,e.· premium .. -shalf' ·. be 6. f_arents with p~~rnanent,d1sab1~~-re ~ ~~\~.o~. £~" ~~!1~zedfX.th~'},~ti~n~I·g?vern':1ent_ in<:lud~~g·age a~ determin~d by \\he-:Co{pora ~\~~~ ~~~7~wh§ a.rs sups1d1zed as .a. result of special renders· them totally dependent 01~t!he m~;nQ.~~lq~s(~/A- N9. 111223, S.ec:4 (o)). · .:. : , · · ·' for _subsisten.ce,·(/RR of·R.}!t:\:.No: .7~7,5 "FiJ.!.J.!!'1·r.;N1'' h: .). / . . 1 - . . . . . . .· .. ,~ec .. 3(n),'-as_ amf}n~ed):.:. ·. ·""~ · . ·y~~~~$5.Jc·~~~~a · e (R.A. No .. 11~4~, S~c 6) · ·.. ; . ~·~E;:~t;yf.1w~Q-flaU ,be 9".3nted 1mme~1ate eh~1.b_1ll~ : Co1Jtinuation:of .. Enbtlemen! .to .Be~e~,t~ •rLS.ase. ·1\. A' ·.fci~~~...;~~'7.l . t_Q·. pre~e~tive,. ·pro.rnotili~,.. cu.ra!1~e. ·,.or.Death oJ'M~rpl:>eT . · . · · . :,: . ~- ...... l.V.!:.lri;h~~Jli:tabve cJnd· paihat1v~ care for medical, cj~ntal; . In case 'of death· Pf'. the.mem~r·, the·Qep~tjden~cff~=rnental,·and ~mergency health s_er.vic~~• .-de!ivered the a~c~ased. i:n~mber shaU.c(?ntinuet<;> ~vail of·the· .either·as: . . ; ' ·· · .. '.. · . . . . ben~fits for the ~nexpired po,i:tlon.of. tbe coveriige or 1~ ... P.opulati·Oll-~asedhealth .sEiNices,. , .·. . . urifil th.e en~ .of-tne c;;,aleridaryear, ·whiche·ver. ·corn13s · lnte.rventioni, such as· ~~aIth pr9motio.n,di~e,ase · ~. ·. first·(IRR.t;,f R.,4, No. 7.875; Title IV.. Ru.lfi.· /1, Seo. ·40)':., . . surveilfance, . and vector. c.ontrol, which have. '. . . . . . . populatioi::i.'groups as (Scipjent (F;?.A. No~.11223, . . ~eh~fits' of M~moe~s· .a~ci···.the·i; ··_Dependents ·.. Sec. 4 (q)): . '
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Membi;?~~·.a'!dlortf:!eir. '.dep¢.nd~l'1ts§)~aft.b~ .eligib.Le·to' . ·m,aff oL· benefits· ,for confine.rrientls out.side· the · ·. . .country:·i=>r9'1,:i
.. Fin~nceq 'by° the 'Nationa,I .~ov~mm~rit {hrou~h· · .. · . U,e DOfi and provid.ed:'free_of charge ·at poirifc;>f ·.service .tor: all Filipinos'.(R,A. _No. 11 ;223, _se:c:. 7 (a))- . . .. \ . . . . . . · , e. · lndividu.al-:basedhe·alth servie::~s i
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302 I ·2ms SAN BEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS
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.. Serv.i'ces which can be accessed within:a.health' facility or remote.1y·th1;1t cahb~ definitively tJ:aced ·back to one recipient, has limited. effect at. a .. pop,ula\iqn le~el, '·and d~s riot alter. the µndeclying cause of illness (R.A. N_o. 11223, Sec
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SOCIAL.LEGISLAT.10.N SAty BEDA LA.W CENTRALIZEDBAR OPERATIONS- MEMORYAJ0-2019. AM ?CT&P2b &lh&f eee+¥
Financed ~rim_adly. ··.throu:gh prepayment mec_hanisms such- as social health insurance private. health ··insurance, , and. HMO plans t~ ensut~ predictability · of health expenditures . (R.A.. No. 11223, -Sec. 7 (b)). ·· ..i·:·
;_f: . IIO:ME. DEV_E.LOP·M·E~T AND
i .. M.:utu'AL_ f.u.Nn .Liw oF. 2 o o 9 '.fi.;·· .-· ,_·.. (R~A.d.~:io~ 9679)_ ·. .-· _ . £..
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. .. all suppHes, equipment, pap_ers .or doo.uments shall be ex~mpt from any tax, assesi,ment, fee, charge,: or _.customs or import duty; and all bf:mefit paym~nts made by the Pag~lbig· _Fund ·shall likewise·be exempt · from all kin'ds·of taxes, fees.or charges, and shall not· 'be liable to . attachments, garnis.hments, levy or seizure. by or. under any leg.al or equitab)e process . w~atspever, eithe'r before or after receipt · by the person or persons entitled theret<:>, except to pay any. ·debt of the member to the Funq. ·
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No tax .measqr~ of whatever nature· enacted shail . apply_-to· the··Fund, Li°r!less ·i_t ·~xprEis!SIY ·revokes' the declar~d_-poU-~y qf.th.e.State.jn_ Section 2 "of RA No:' 967~ granting_ t~x exemptiqn to the·F~nd.-,Any tax a.s!':,eSsmer:it against_ th!= Fund-shall be r1ull a'nd void ·
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../ .. The ~O!ll~ D~velopm_ent."Ml.itual. Fi.md·, otherwise f' . Jmown·· · as: _· Pag01BIG · ..(P.agtutulungan' 'sa · (/RR bf ~:A. No. 9679, Rule JV; _Sec.··.:,_:,y.. . · · . . '!/: · kinap.u_kasan:lkaw;Bangko;tnoustnye at Gobyerno) -, : Fund_is-a·govemmeril:financial-ihstitutici.n involved in · rri(?biii~ng 'provident funds · primarily . for -shelter .. COVERAGEt( ·.fina~ce:\_lt.·i~ .a-' _r,atipr:iwi9e · tax-exernpt . mutua!J"~;.:) Mar:i.datory . Goverag·e. ·and; Membership _.of. '° ,.· provident ~avmgs ... system for ,. private ar:1'€1 ,:/t•\ Empl.oyees . · · . ., · : · . .· . . \ ~o.yemment employees and other. earning' gro(..i"p_i{-; • \ Coverage under. ~nd_ membership· in the Fund shall ._/ sui:portec:I b.~'f!latclji~g m~n?atqry co~t:ibutio~~;"-- f, -: _be manda!ory for the following:_ (CIYIU~) ·. . · ;I- . !he1~ re~_pectry.e· ~!11~1orers m the spirit . of ·~o~!~I ·. , :· emP,l'iW'ee_s~ho. are··f.ompulscnly covered by ~~-' . JUStlce and _the pursutt of._national developrT}_~!Jf(witti(:)1'r·-·~.:...!~E:-~91%; Prov1_ded,. that -for : purposes. of { . hotJsing as the pfim?ry jnvestrb,ent (IR!ff'd'£.l~.A.No.~.· . ':1andat9r:y_cov_~rag~in the-fund of persons who ~ . 9679; Rule IV, 'Sec.t) ... · , . . -<)(~/,, '<(.;:;::.,'i are· coj'p)Jlsonlycovered by the SSS, . the . ' . .. ' . . . ·. \ \,~·c.(}<,..-:,•. ..d-:_ r\ .term shall b~ understood the manner _I: -.P~hc~ ?f th~ ~tate . . . · ._ r'\ by w~1c~Lit~~iSSS _defines._it'.°·an~ shall include, ff; . It ~& the pohcy _'9t t_he Slate J!;>;_'.;estab,U.~JiV ae·velop~_ but jot h'lf'Jteot\to:·(_Ptl-FS-SeP) . . ,· . ·t. _, p~omo~ •. and mt~rate. a ·rf~,tiJ:>)i'!".i_~~:f.<:>u~d~r:id. ·. ':;._/A:.,J~~~ya~~ 1;,~-~plo~e_e,whetlre: permarent, -~ ... v1aple tax,-exempt mutual pro'.'ieferit.savin'g~ sy§t~ffl (\: ~':t1:;r.i;p,.9[~!-~,'?.M~ro:v1s1onal, _wJ:.io_1s nor over 60_ ·~· $uitable .to .ttie n~ecjsi of _the eropJoYEfJ:a~d!····1 · ·"ye.a.rn:mdY-- .. · . · ·. · . . · _: -' · · ;~-- · · earn ii)~-- ~rouP.s, an.a fo' mpti~atEi. th~~io' i;,):_(ter'pl~'n.·; ),:/ . b. A .t!_ous~ho!_d-helpe~·~atning at.leas.t:P-~ '.000 .. an_d_prov1d~- for their ~01,1_s1ng~needs';:b.y,.r:ne~ership. j ;,.-,-...-i. . . a mon~h. ·. . .. · .. ·. · '. · . · 1- .· -rn theH?~~ De.":efc:ipi:n~n(M_utuai Fui:lc((.fun<:l).-~it.~.,....:-..;-·.)-·.;:.;:~~--µ\.Eilipino§ei;ifarer !JpOn. the-signing the . man1.~~~ry.con~nb?,!qr_y sup'port of th~(e,mpl~>Y.~rs,.rn -...-,~- -~-'S1~fldard.. contract of emp_loyr:ne11t betwee~ . ;_,... . the SPJrlt ·of. SOCJal JUSt1Ce. an·d the. tiurslJjt of national the seafarer and j.he manning agen_cy Whicti, . , '. . ' developrr)ent '(!RRof R;A. No.·:9679,Rur~ll/-Sec:1).' to~etner with the forei,gn shipowner,. -act as . er)'.ipfqyers, a)'.ld, . · _ i,,~ · _ Pro.vlderit:Characfe,r· . . . . . .,; . .· . d.- _A _.§.~lf-~ruployed :eerson;" regardless·· \ · . The _F4~<;l ~liaJI .be priva"te_in charact~r•. pwni9d wholly· · trfide,, bu::,i[less or;· occupation, With . an t.:· . _by the .members, administered in trust and applied . inc.ome of at lea~t P.1,000. a month .. and not · Y exclusiv~ly for ·P,eir benefit. AU" the perso.nal arid ov.er _60. yei:fr$ old. ··rhis .includes but not f · · ._emp.loye,:_.cqntri~utic;msshcill·l)e_fully credi'ted to.each . limited to; · · · _:·. : .· · :-- · · ~ · .. · ,: r' .. !11ember;acc~unted .for-individua'lly'.and transferable i, . ffelf-employeci"professi6na1s· ,• · '\ 1!1 ca~~ of change ~f _employm_ent: · ·. · !i. · Bus_iries& partner;; · · · ' . · .· \ : iik Single· proprietors and ~.oard directors· ~; , . Th~Y. _Shall ea_m d.ividends a; providecfill. t_he iv:. Actors, · :_. actresses, ·. · direc.tor~ Rules .. The" said. ·-amO\Jnts shall . coris'titule the· ~criptwriters· .arid n'ew_s· reporters" wh.~ ·.· .1· . 'prpviden_t fund o(~ach"rriem(;jer: to l:ie'pajd to hi~ or. . are_. ·not ·under an employer-employee ·, :her, . his- or .her. estate'. or_- b"en"eficia'ries upbn . . relatio·nsh_ip;. . .. . . . . ' . .. )\ . termination ·ofinemeership,'or.trom Which perlptieral · v .. Profei;;sional athletes, tqaches, trai~ers·, ~:, . ben~fits".fcir the.member mayo~ drawr{(iRR of $.A. · · and jockeys;· ;· · · · .. If: · N<;>~ 9679, Rule /V,.Sec. 2).. · ·· . · ·. ·. · vi. Farin~r~ pnci'fisherfolks,'arid • . }.. · · · · vii. Workers io"_lhe"infomia1' sector such.as· E~empt~on (ro~· Tax;· P.~o~~s~-~~d Li.en cigarette vendors, wat~h-yout-ca.rJ:)oys,. , : · ·· Tlie Fund· ai:id all Its assets- and properties,· all among.bthe_rs. · · · .. . . ;., . contr(butior:is collected and ..all-accruals the.reto·and l_nconie o~ investment eam"ing~.therefrom, as well _as
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. ~ Note: Full-time· spouses who volunteer to be .. ~ ccveredby the Fund as- provided for under these '. · Rules, · shall 'adopt as a basis . of monthly ·j contrlbutions 1/2 of the monthly compensauon, ;income of the employed spouse. _The .full-time .'. spouse· shall" not be jequireo to pay the · .; . employer's 'contrfbiltlon (/RR of R.A No. 9679, ·; .. Ruie VI, Sec. 2}.·
.Not.a: Actual membership inthe SSS stiali .not.be a condition precedent for mandatory coverage in the· Fund.Jt bei_ng sufficient that the person oug~t to be covered compulsorily by the·, SSS. . . 2.
All· employees wtio are subject .to Mandatory ·coverage . by the GSIS, regardless of ·their empfoyrnent s!atus. · _ . 3.. !!niformed members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), the Bureau of FlreProtectlon ·.2. Fil.ipino employees of foreign government or (BFP). the Bureau of Jail. Management and ,international_ ~rgariiza_tion, or their wholly-owned · ·. ·. Penatogy- (BJMP), and-the Philippin_e National ·.. . . instrumentality based in lhe Philippines, .in the Police_(PNP·}.' ·· . · · · absenceof an administrative agreiementwiththe 4. Filipinos .employed . .by f.oreigh-b.ased · Fund; · ' employers. Coveraqe under' the i::-und shalt be · s. · ··Emplqy~~s otan employerwho. _is granted a· • mandatory .for Filipinos employed. ·by 'foreign· waiveror suspension ·ot coverage by the Fund. based employers .whether deployed. here "or · under RA. 9679; . .. . . . . . : . abroad, or a combination thereof, but whose · 4:. Leaders. ahd° members ofreliqious groups; . : respecnve 'employers. ·are' exclusively bas~,,........,.....,,,.,;.~-.· A member-separated from 'employment, local or. outside 'of the Philippines. The employ.3t.s•sfia1~ "f, ..,. -~~b~d_; .or'. ceased. to }:>e · ,self-employed, but. : . • .n_ot °:e subject to mandato~ cover~,g.e?:ProPJ..ded, "f:.W9tilc;f•m~ttocontinue payi',:i~ his or her per_sonal . . that' 1f the _e(Tlployer rnalntalns °81]..-offtce~r,ta~p!""""==-::::.-.-~ . cJ>nt~Jb.J!ti~·Such nif::mber may be a pensioner, · in the Philippines effe9Jiy,:e1x_ -~~~~tor~r:-\l)Y o~~er _lndivi_dual with passivl3' employer of the· F11Jp1no, \9en~ut9(offi~~...Q",..--~·==-,..-...u;i.corqe:;-gr?alloranc.es; · agent-shall' be de_emed·.a~~l'ilployp,'sl!.loject ,!i)~ L"Ji "PoBJic~~G~~-\or_ ·.einploye~s who -~re._ not. nianda_tory· coverage unQ.er ~1.y./~67.9/ (!RR of A'u. co~1{ed \o}f' ·!~·\1__GSIS,. such as Saran~ay R.A. No. 9679, Rule V, ?ec.1). R :11it»''ts Offlc1,als~ \~ (J) "'ti:icludmg ·. · · . Barangay ·1. · r.---;:-~.!j'l)fl '"'.'--.-cn-±i1men;-'Baran,.q'\~ · .. Council M1;1mbers,. MandatQry Coverage of Empt~~~[~ . ~ r.·-~.hai, en: \r"~~9~iiu·niang _Kabataan, and._. . Cove~age und~r:the Fund s_1a_!!,,tie:(Tlandato for Ba ,, ngay S]Clr.etaJi~~ a['id Treasurer~; and•. following;. ,.. . \l ~~~ ~ ~-;-:S:. 7.. .Su,C:ff?'~ttieg. earnLhg . groups. as may -pe · · .1. Employers of employe,es c~mp_~1sc)~;1i·1~r.e "ff .,.. gs'\ cJet~r~hed,~Jby?"'.'t.~e Board· · 1;>y rul~s. and · by the SSS .. ~hese_ lbclu~? ~~~~it J.,.,.@~~;::f~~ tiomf!(JRR:6t! R.A: No. 9679, Rule \I,·. Sec.· ~mployer_s ·prey1oµ~ly -~.rc!nte}\ .wa~. ~··.1 ~~r-•.,,..,. ' · .#. · · · suspef!sion 'of coverage ,or. what~er f · ~ ·.. /. . J.7 _ . . .·· · , .. ·under f'-D. No: 1752,_ as am~~d~d: Tli~ m_aQ~9:'[ '\\. _:,/;_if.y:· f~r~J(r:i: ··go"'.emment,. internatio~al . . ·agencies together with the tot.~gn·_.sh1~~f~_Er :.i 1Jr~zat10'l}-,,W ,Jtieir. wt10lly-oymed mstr.umentahty. · shall be : corisicfered ·jointly· and: s-~efa§iia~e.e:=<.:',..el)iplp~~g.)W2J:iyered· .by. -the f:Uf""!d:· Oh· ~ the$e Ru_les,. inclucl,i'ng the unjfortried members vol.i.mtary.basis,subject to such:terms and .conditions . '. . .of the AFP, th~ BFP,-the BJMP, and the PNP, stafe
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2019 ?AN SEDA LAW <::ENTRALIZED BAR OPERA l)ON~. • :
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SOCIAL.· ·LEGISLATIO-N·. SAN BEDA I.AW ~ENTRALIZfD. BAR OPERATIONS.- MEMORY Atp 2·oi9 ·
2. · Employers · whose· coverage had · been. . previously 'suspended or waxved·.for whatever reason undar P.O. No. 1752,.their coverage-as . w~II as 'that of their employees shall take effect atter the· expiration ·of their respective suspension orwaiver' ot coveraqe:' and3: Voluntary members; coverage shall comme'nce on the actual date of reqlstretlon (IRR of R.A No. 967-9, Rule V, Sec. 4). • ·
-Terminati~11 of Membership: (MDR-PTbl-DTO), Membershlp in PAG-IBIG shall, be .terminated anytime upon the occurrence of any of the following, provided that the member's financial obligations with the Furid are first fully settled. ·· 1. Membership Term Maturity;. · . 2.. Death; Retirement; . . 4. _e:ermanentIotat Qisabllity or Insanity; · 5. Perrr.ianent_Qepartlire fror'ii the country; . 6. ·rerminati<;in from the servlce. by. reason of . health;and 7. Q.ttier causes as may be .provlded for PY :u-i·e • z , Board ofTrustees ·(/RR of'R.A. No. 9679,· Rule .. v, ?ec. 9).: · , : · . . · · .. ·
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Note: Tlie· actual' membership .in .ihe Fund .shall commence only upon remittance- of: the initial contribution and not at polntof re'gistration (/RR of R,A. No, 9679, Rule v'. Se~. 4):' · · ·
Registratjpri of Employers · . . . . . AJl·new .empJc:iyers·shall firstreqlster with P.AG~tBIG · . Note_: Occurrences other than -the .above, -such as prior ·10 the start of their businessoperations. : .: · . - . resiqnatlen; lay-off or suspension from employment, . . shall not constitute a grour.id for. terminatlon.. of · All 'employers who are not s,ubject- to ·-m~nda.tory ;-r:~ -mambershlp, 'Such occurrences shau only ..result, to . .. coverage prior to RA. No. 9,Et79 and these Rut~,S.{.<)l suspension of contributions..· · · · shall register forcoveragebefore- January ·1. 20~-e-~.,,-, I\ ,, . . _ .. · . . .." · · unless ·a different .date is set·_·.tiy. th~ . ._Boarrresp?nding. businesses and employe_es, ~(HJJf) 30.,0:i:iy,~from·t~.e~. Pl( employ,tfr's qpritriltut,on pursuant to these Rul~s start of their"busines.s.operati~!1s( ·.=:::::'?/fl\ · ~~ ,._ ·. F'1: _flRR bfR.A. ·No_,_Q.frl9;_Rule y,·_seq. 9) ..
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For, new!y° ·hired. ·employees, tffeT'~rJf~l'l1v.~r.. shJit,'., Retirement .~:....._ . . . . ·. ·.:. -: · .. regii;;ter them with th!:! Furid within -'30 ·gaysYtom.the, member _shall be· <;ompulsorily retired undedhe start of. their employment (/RR of R.f't-. ·,Vej.· 9679, .:r."·11~1r.unC'ilt.t.lROn reaching age,. 65. The 'niember Rule y; Sec. ~)... ·. · :. · i,(r.:'.:.~:.,. .-ti'&W~~t'Efr~~tto retire earlier uncfer tfie. Fund upon , ··J/V . , .the ·-occu_rrence of any of. the following=·events·, . Reg_i$t~atior1 ofthe_Se_lf-e:mplore.d . ~Q;.::~1 . _proyided the. metnber is not·.a member-borrower:_ ..The,self-ernployeq who ar.e_ subject. fo:compuls.ory · (Ar~-~~}. .. · · : · · . · ·- · · . coverage sh'all. register with the Fur.rd. with1,n30. days 1. ·8ctual re.tir'emer:it-fron1.the SSS or GSl's,. or from .from 'the date he or she "start.ed:to-~es~ff.aemployed. . ,government s·~rvic~ by- provision of ta:w; .· ··. · . ·· . · . '.· . ' . ,. 2. R!:!tirem¢nt. under. a .§e.Qarate· .. ECJ1ployer if the -~elf:employe.d shail b~--recj~ired to obia/n the ·: · Providei:,~ or !~tirement-plari. _proyJded, that the .. . neces'sary· permits···and/or licenses, other than 'the .·· member is at.least45 yea.rs of age.at the time._of· . lfcen.se·· ,required·.· ·for .· prf,!CliCing a p_articular =retirement; a.na ~ · .. ' . . profession, prior tc:i the. pr~ctice of his o"r.he·r .$elf3. \Jpon · reachi119 the ami of .60 (/RR R.A. Nb. · employment, he or sl'ie shall regjs_te_f wit11. trie· Fu.hd 9679, Rulf:J_ V, Sec. _10): prior to .engaging in·sVch (!RR ofR.A. No. 967.fJ,· Rule· v_,'sec: -7). · · . · · · : In U,e.event·the ·~embe"ropts·to retire earlier · from the Fu rid for reasons ·Stat~El. under items .2 and . 3 above, and therea_ftei' continues or_:s1..1bseq1,1ently . Membership Term . · places him or· herself· 1r.i ci situatfon wtirch . would . Membership. in. the Fund $h_all be· fo( a period ·of 20 .. subject .him or hers'elf to manq,;1torycoverage, :then .. years commencing. from the-first day of tl'!e.·.month,to the· member. sha)L,continue to be. mandatorily. .wt:iictr the 1T1eh1ber'~ initial contribution ·tb the F.ucid · covered ·by. the Fund· and his.· of. hef · emplqyer is applies~.. Provided, ·that. th~ rriem9~r·· shall. have· .. mandated. to contin'ue·.deducting and remitting 'the · · conb'ibute(l a total of 240 monthly contributions at · empl0yee's _requlr.ed ccintri~ution -together with the tl:ie·llme of maturity (/RR of R.A. Nq. ~'679; Rule V, . correspol}ding erriployer!s contribution pursuant to ; Se9.-B). '. ,:: . these Ru.Ies (/RR of,R.A. No. 9679, Rule V, Sec. 10). ~· .
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·sOCIAL_· LEG°I.SLATIO·N a. ~ B.im.,,11:111·•••••••·
SAN'BUJA LAVI CENTRALIZED 8AR OPERATION$· MEMORl; AID 2019
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Permanent i".ota1 Disabil(ty . The fpllowing·disabilit~s·shall be. deemed total and permanent: (TD-C-L2:.P2-13-S) · . . · . 1.. Temporary Iotal Qfsability .lastinq continuously for. more than· ·120 days; · 2. _g_ornple_te)o.ss of sight of both eyes: 3: Loss of 2 limbs at or over the ankle or wrist; '4'. p~rrnaner'lt complete faralysis of 6 limbs; · . · 5. · Brain .lnjury ' re~ultiog .ln [ncurable"[mbecility. or .!ri~a.nity;_an_d -; . 6.. ~1,1ch other easeswhlch are .adjudged to be total and .. permanent di~ability" by a 'duly licensed 'pbyslclan .and ·_approved by .the Board (/RR of . F{A)N~. ·9679, Rule ~: Sec-:-~ 1). · .· . · · ·. : .
Effect · of Reslqnatlon. or· Separation. from Employment . In ihe event a member-saver r~signs or is otherwise separated · from employment,· the member-saver's monthly contribution together with the corraspondlnq . employer's monthly contrjbutlons to the Fund shall . cease. Such .mernber-saver may. opt to continue ' paying -andremittinq "to the Fund directly hisor :tier · monthly contributions together with' the employer' : counterpart to be shouldered by hin:{orher. .
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"A member-borrower, ·. on ih.e . other hand; continue to-pay and rerriit directly to _the Fund his or, . her monthly contributions and- loan arnortizatlons or · payments. The dufy of .111:e employer. :to deduct · .. Einpl~y~r•s·Flduci~iy O.bfrgi,ttion· . .. m,:mthly arnertlzattons.or payments for. the.memberThe employer assumes 'a fipuci~ry relationship wit_h · . borrower's' : outstandlnq . loan · with the "Fund as both the Fund and· the -rnember concerned · as · ,.. provided for under" Section: -2 of this. Rule-'-'shall regards }he - let~~r·~ . contribuflon and the. r6:q·~.tr:i~-=""""l~.~~·oise cease:,_ . . . . ... . . .. .. employer contribution, as· wel~.as the rer;p1Wclnce y ··y 1' ~~ · . . · .: · . thereof to the Fund. . . . · · . . . p;_? .Q. ) .tl\~ia9.lb~l:i~duty of the employer to jnform the Fund -~:;~.f:.i1J.@. h~~~9n'cl._~on.orsep?ration-immediately·upon. The employer lik_ewis~ a~s.umes.~·wsa~~i!911Cfary · nolic'ektpereqr-N;il!IJr:iot later.·than. 30 days from the · relati6ryship with both the Fun-9"1-ah't:l~th~~.!Jlb.er""""."'~ffru:;tlyit'5t:-9fsai.Jes his savfngs imme9,iately with .to be shouldered by_hirn or.her: ·. . . . . . . .... · / the . ~ddition '·of.:!_ "the employer . coi.Jnterpart . . . ·' · . ~oritribution. Meanwp_ile, a· membe'rcontributing 1% . A. member-borrower,. pn the- other" -h~nd,: shall . ·Of.his" monthly GOmpensation·trit:>les his savings as ·... -~or.itinue_to pay a1:1d: remit-'.qire·ctly.to ttie·Fu-r1,d his.or. ,. the employer counterparhe'mains at 2%.· . . . . . . her .monthly cofi.tributions and. loan amortizations or . . . :. . . . .. . . . .. . '. . . . '·p.ayme~~s. r1:,.e ·duty of the employer"Jo·.P.educt . A!?ide;from beirigC:t~'i1y·gu~-f~ntee"!1 b.y· the natio~~I · . 'morithly.am.or:ti:i;atioils·or payn:iertts·for the 111emb~r-. · government, rnemtiers' ~co.r:itribl.itions are· deducted· borr.o_wer's. · o_utstanqiflg: -loan_: \ft{ith · the ·.Fund .as . from the gtos_s-..incor:n~ prior to .computat(on.9f the-.. prpvided for, ·u'nder.. Sectio.li .2 of the I RR· shali be . income fax._ Members' . sav.ings ·earn:· ann·ual . · suspehde_d for dt1rqticiri'_of.the' l~.a.vewithout pay ··:- . dividends .that are -als.o ,tax:tree·. The· dividend rate or sLlspensic;m from"v.:on<:' . . ... . . . ; . .. . .. .·. . . . . vades':dep~nding -on· the income 'of the i::ur:'ld ;:it· -ye:~rend · (201.9 · DOLE . 'Handbook . Workers'· It ~hall be the:.d.uty·ot.the ~rri'plpyer_(o_:infor;,,.the i::un·d· . ·: Statutory Monet~ry_ Benefits,. supra at 64).. · ' . of ·the member'!?- l~ave. withb'-1t ·pay.. ·or .suspens.jon · • I · from work within.'3.0- days from the first day. of such . ' lec3ve ·or suspersi~iri (JR~- of R.A No. 9679, Rule v.11; ·
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Short·Term Loan Proqrarns are meant to provide d, Refinancing of an existing mortgage, assistance to Its 'members·•. provided they are active. . speeifieallya lot loan, with construction of a . and have made at least 24 monthly. contdbutions. · · ·residential. unit thereon (2019 DOLE -There are two short-term. loan · programs that a ·. Handbook on Workers' Statutory Mi:>nlf)fary· · member may avail of when the need 'arises: . ~ Bf§ne[its, supr« at 64-65). .. . ' 1. : Ml_.Jlti-P4rpose Loan _f>rogrc!m is designed to . . . help fin_ance me.mb~rs'.. immediate. medical, . -Under th~ rJiagaang Pabahay, Dise.n'teng Buhay f:. .. : ~du_cati0nal. or. lfvelihood peeds;. ~ino·r home l:'rogral'r'!, a qualified member may purchase an ·;r,:.. ' improvement, . purchase of _. appliance and. acquired.asset of the Fund either in cash qr through ·: · · : furniture, and other related· needs; and · . a housing· loarr-at very reasonable, prices. A 'buyer j... · 2 ... CiiJaniJty t.oan" Progi:am ·is extended to who purchases an acquired asset iri cash is· entitled. ·· · members ·who have been. affected. by a· recent _: : . to- ·a 20% discount orr the .. property's .sates prip:e, calamity, as proven-by a declaration of calarnity · ·.. while-a buyer who purchases thrpugh a housifrg loan , . in: the,ir· .erea of .resfdenc~ (20.19 .. DOLi{= .. · .. 'is entitled toa :15%·.discount. on.the property's sales Henabcok · or:: vvorkers', Statutory ··Monetary. Price (2019 DOLE H~ndqook on -\1\1'.orkers's't;:itutory, Benefits,sup,ii at 64).. · · · · · · ·· .. Monetary 9:en,efits,·~upra at 6_5):. H'~·usi~g Programs· . . - Eligibilit/R~qulrem.ent~for Housing.Loan·:· Ar:re.ligi!)lemember may avail of housinqloans in the . . : (M-Not65,L_S~No,-Not-Up) .· ... ·. . · . "form~ of either the l;nd.-Uset Financing .Prcqrarn or,../'). :_ 1'. Must be:~a _Member under the Pag-lBIG for at . the Magaang Pabahay, Dlsentenq Buhay Progrij_~:·/{.{ - . lea~t ·24 months, as e_videnced by the remittance . . (2019_ DOLE· Hendbooi: · on , Workers' Stafl(-lot)?\,~;.;\ ... · . of at leas~ :24.month_lycontr.lbutions at the-time of · Mon'etary-Benefits;.~s~praat 64-65.)- , . · .· : 'tY~~ ., ._~ 1;,J: . .apphcallon. . , · ·. . . . . . . . ~ . :. . . . , . . . · ... .), , ,.~.,, 1;~.,--~·.,.,~ Not. m9.f,~ than 65 years· old at the date of loan f . . · N.ot~: Under ttie. ~~d-,U.se,: Financla~ ~ro~r,am, \si'~J1~~~.s.it.,:~P,Pl!cati9~ an~ .. rri,ust l;te insurable; ·p_rovided · ·if· ·. mem~er may avail of. a -loan .to finc)n<;_e.·>.~p}··ifthe~-· [j · · .fufther1t9.~,~he 1:3 not more t.h~n 70 years old at .. . h · follow1:1g, . . . .. · . . . (··.t": : /~1:} · · 1.Cilar m~}~rity:;. · . · , . .. . . &," · 1 .. Purchase of .a full~ de,Veloped lot.Ji,C?!.~cee;pip,~---);.~\' 3.. Has-~hj'~-i;j,~Icapacity.to ~cguire a.nd encumb~r~- . 1,000 square meters, whi.ch ~9)0_tjl.~'}',Athin a h real ~p~rty;;._ . : ·. · ··. : · · residential.~rea;. · ·. · ·. j./., · .\~..,, .·. ~ )i .. ~as1 ass;ed-Sati~fac.tory bac~~round/credit a~d : ·2. Pwchase,. of a, r.es1~e.r~17 l)ou~~,.-a_n~ · }.f?.t,." ~)TI_j_oy~~g,~1,:,es,s ~hec~s conduct~d. by the_ ·; · . to~n~ouse:or condom1r:ullo/lll'lltfCir'w_\i's1ve"qf;t . i:':/;. .. -~~~~fr~':}f..t!Jff,Pag-lBIGFund; : . f .parkmg s_lot The.unit may 11~,JOrY'!~);;:-~ .. ('7-,'!i: .9· i:~s-u.No·t~~~ra.~di!1g, Pa97fl3f<:3· h?using loan,' ( . , a .. · Qld 9r brand .new; · . . . ,-~v.r--:,:;;\· :·· y: · t,1 . either as a pnnc,pal bom;:>w~ror- co- borrqwer; . b. A property _Mortgaged \'l,'ith~e.Fun0\~0r. ·. ;it~6·, · Has Not.avaif~d_of:.a Pag~IBIG housing.loar that. J' .·.... · · <;°. ·.Ar\. 8Gquir~~- asset,..:wtii~b. :is-;;~~~os~d,,.of~~·:~;::!~~~.Mecl_ose~'~ricelled' . .:?-ought back due. to ~,· · · .. · . through sea!ed public q1ddin~t, r:ie9G?!1a~~-:--·~::~efau~._or s~bJecte_d to·da_c,o_ri,:en pago, ':'~'.c~ .: . · · .-sale, ,or the Rent-to-0.wnProgfa'm.·. ·. '•ru . . .: · · shall· include .cases where the borrower, 1s no· ~- ... -3 ... ConS:t!'}ld!on-or<9ofnpletion-·bf a re1\~~1.unit ·. . . ·1o_!°lg~r. _ihte'reste.d pursue the. loan . and . ·i;m a-lot ownea.py,th'ennember; · · s.urrende.rs_.the.property; and. , · · . . : :4, . ·Home' imprpvem·en.f. ·i.e.· any alte_r:,atiorr in· an. '.?. ,May' -pav~·· c1n outstanding·: Pag-lBIG. -mul~iexist\ng· r~side_ntial, · ·.unit· intend.ad·. by·. : a · purpose roi;in·but,which is .!!J2d~ted in payments· homeowner· to'.b~ ~- perrpa_nent integral -p~rt- of· · aftt:ie'\i.me 19an application:, A :mem.t>e~·wnose · ._. .• th~ . prope'rty; which wil~ ~nhance' its durability multi.::P4fPOSe loc1n.is:ir,i:.arrears 'shc;1II be required i. '·ancfrrtaferial.vah.ie;, · .... , ,' · '· .. • ·/·:'.-,._ '.·to·pay tJis.a'rrears'O)/erthe.countertoµpd?te his .: 5 .. Refinanc;ll')g 9f an ·existirig<_mortgage.. lf,'jth kin . accoun~. (20.19 DOLi= ·fela'ric{booJs:on· W.orkers' ili.stitu!ion acceptaJ:>)~ to.the, Fund,·~frovioed. lhat: . Stail!.l9ry. Mon.e!ary· B.e.nefits,· supra at' pp. ·65- . .a. The. Joan. is not in d~fault. within ··the: 1-Z · . · 66). · · · .... .-. · ... . . . : · months_ p~iodq_;the dat_¢ ~fappl!catloil;.· . .. I t . .. · b.. The said:loaQ has a.·repayment history of at · Death Benefits· . ·; · , ··:two 'yea'ts..V,:ith. t'he· original mortgagee. . '.' · .. · upon t!1e death .of a ri'te.mt>e'r,l)is or her beneficiaries . -Com.binciuo:n·_of_ loan. purposes, ...wtiich. shall be . sh'all be. enti.tled to death be'ne_flts ln an. arri'gl,In! to _be limited to the.-foU-Owir:ig:· .· : . ·. ·. ·. · determin~~ by the. B.oard: ii') adqitio~ ·_to th~ Total.. 1;1,. · Ptir~t1a!3e of · a · fully ,· d~velop.ed. lot not · .· . Accumul~ted Value as mentione_d. provided for under . :-exceeding 1,000. squa·r;e· rhete~s-:, and; · ... . in Section··5 hereof (/RR .of R.A. No,. 9679; _Rule' IX,· . · .. ·. construction of a residential unit' thereon; : . Sec. 1 O}. · . .,.. .· : ' b. Purchase:of a re~identi~I _unit, whether old . ··, · . or new, with home improvement;·· c. ·Refinan.cing of ah.. e~isting mortgage with .. '< ·.. home im_prov~ment; · · ·· · ·
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Dtvldends . . .The Board shall set aside annuallyan amountwhich jn no.case shaf] be less than 70% of theannual net income of the fund, to be paid 'in the form of· 'dividends to members .. · . . The member's ~cintrib~tions, inclusi~e of employee's .and employer's. contributlons, shall earn .dlvldends which· shall· be. distributed annually and creditedto his. or. her r,AV.) · · ·. · · ·
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MEMORY AID 2019 ·
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said member has. ho- outstanding housing ·1oan :.Vith the. Fund atthe time of withdrawal.' , · .
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The· exercise this option by the member 'shall not· be considered as a g~ound to terminate his ·. · membership y;ith · the Fund-. The member shall . -continue to.be rnandatorily covered by the Fund and 'his or her employer . is mandated to continue . deductin·g and remitting the .ernployee's required contrlbution .' together with . the correspondinq · employer's contribution . pursuant: to· these. Rules
(/RR ot R.A: No .. 96.79, Rule .IX, Sec;·9). :·· ': · · .Only' memb~rs .:Vilh.. outst~n.din~'TA'.ic;1s.bf year-end.. shall be. entitled to· dividends 'declared .forJhat .-. 'particular·year. All dividend earnings shall be taxPag~tBIG . C.ontribution$ are -Excluded from· the ·fre~ (/RR of R.A..No, 9679,. Rule IX,. Sec. :4)::· · . Cornputatlon'of ·the Gross Income . . . . ·. . . . . . Pursuant to .Section 32 (B)(7)(f) of the 'National Mandatory . Contributory :Support' of. -the Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, Pcig~ · Employ.er · · ·· · · IBIG .. · Contributlons a(e exeluded· · from · the In ·the . spirit _of social justice and . the pursuit __ 91;.,.,,~-==,.9.2_mputatibnof fhe gross income and shaf be · nations] development, ·the member's contrig..ution'to ,~xey'!i,>t,f.romtaxation.(IRR of R.A. No. 9679, Rule IX; . tl')e f'.=i:Jn.cl-shal!_ b~ wit~ th~- ina.~clatorf P;,~fitril)h1tory,~' J_Sf!,C. 125:';''"-\ . ·. . . · support ?f the employer ~$ prov1ae~:;.f6r~nay.rlJ'h~--·--"'""'~£r Rules or as may'be.provided for 9Y2'~ Bg_a~q,~.?' . Pay.m~,pt~GlaJ~s·and _Benefits .. . ,. . . · · · . · · ·;f '-1:)/_;>_.c,.,,,.,,,, - ...,....,_,.r""7'T-h~E_untl::sfiall PCO!flptly pay the. benefits provided Notwithstandi,iig.' any contract}~;tJ;ie'.'.f6f1Vary,aB_i w,,r.· in .R1.ile{tt~·,Q!1'ftl-e~lRRto the member .. or to "sucf.l .empl~yer.shall n.ot·cteduct, dirfct1y:i:>(V1dire8t1y,-frol3i .~I\. .l,),arsons\as rr.f~f b~ ~ntitled thereto in accordance ~~ -compensation .~f ils e~11eff~e_e~,ioverf~---~-the Ruf~ provider! lhnt t.he · 1r(/~· witl) ~he Jprovi~~q.!1sf9f+faid. Fund, or ,othe,w1se rec1ver,~flj?m-.tf-.~m. 1fie'""""II , · i1~~ssaJiY· supl()oitlt)g f.dpcuiue11l~. ,ue submitted employ~r.·s 'contri.bution.wit~r~pe.e.~ to:·SUC~(/RR "o!;r.Ji . ~ag:~herf,wi~h th~ ?:ippii'.f~!ion f6_f pr.~vident Claims. In ~.A. _No, 967[}, Rule IX, :Sec; 11,.""A _U · . ' . . ,,b_ ~fillr~r~t1onllieretq,ijUri~·"f ~ref Exe.cutrve Offic.e~. shall.· · · ·. , · · . · · ~ ~---t U · r-1( . · ,:: ·: ~ssue Jb~ecessaiy5rules and · procedures,- to Acts of the ·.Employer. st\al! Pr'e~t·~@di~~~~-:f. t;,~lffit~~l),i.. pijGe~si'r~~ and payment of the_ l)aid iytemb.er · · _. ~ _\\l..v \\ ·[iJ· i£i,P-\;Jl1,e rts g}rld claims· {t~R.pfRA. No. 9679, Rule x, . failur~. or refusal of.t.he ~mplqyer.to \~y 6 {\S"f,mift ·1 ~~e\!'W. }1·· . / · · ·· . . · · ... . the contributions rerei,:i:-pr:esc,;ibed, o~~,s--m~-fi~:,~ · I .. ..Jf . . · . . _ · ~rovided.for by t.h~ Board; sb~\nc;>t ·pfej~d(o'~Jh_~~~ju~i?~tf.on· ·_an·9'-Settlement· of. Cl.aims and: . nght of tJ:le covere_d e.mployee ·to .~,e ben~Jili;,.\lQcle~~i~);ltes ""'~ j_f. , · : . ·. . R.A. 9679 ,and~ the~e ~\J)es. (/RR_ b'f:ft?~_Af~;if.9'.~~.,.,"'sc="'"F~e""\~~f; ,~alt hav~. o~iginal:.. anq . exclusi"'.e ·· Rule IX,· Sec.. 2). ·. · · . ·. ., - (J.'.t_ : . 1'i { ·,t1f~dip11.9fr..;:6ver_all clar~ns· and, d!spytes .o.n any 1: .· ., · · · · · . · .· ·- .· . lV.n..KmalJ,t:rPl'etative . to ihe imptementc;1tibn of the Return of Cohtrlbut,ons . . . ' :~~'pf'gvisiori's .. ·oLRA.- No. 9679 ·and these .Rules·. A member. shaliA.ccumul~ted. .· Va_h,1e . 9p'on-': tertniriati<;m . of. ·. . . · ·.. . · . . . .: . . .· ··.membership;. less 'any and all .penaing· oolig~tiqns. ·me: decision .of the Cl"iief Exec~tiv~ o'tticer of·the .· with the Fund: In tlie event of.death·; 'the· member's · Fur:id·s!la.11 ~e final ane::I e?,<ecut6ry1 _i:mless. ~i.:fpeal~d . h~i.r$ shall likewi$e' rec~iiie t~e-s·am~·less .any.ano all. to the :a-o~~d;- after the. lc!P~e of ~o· days from .receipt . pending ..oblig~tions with th~ Fund ·(IRR"of R.A. No.·.. by,.· the aggrieved 'p?irty. of· suc_h.. 9e~isioi) .. The '~ . ~679; Rule· IX,· Sec. 5). . · · · c;teclsiOri -of the f?oafd shalf.,·. Unless ·app0~1ed . to· a . . competent court,"become final ·and ·execul9ry after .P.o$bility of M;mbership · ·. .: . ··. . : . · : 15· ~:lays fri:,>m receipt ·.: · · . . : o.f. su.ch . . d~cislon. . . ,. A member .who'.tra'n.sfersto another ~mployer or'who . . ·.pecomes s.elf-employed· carrie~ .with "him·his· Total' . T~e .Chief Executive ()ffjc,er~hall ptesc~ibe the fo.rms· to be used .and the procedure& to be followed In· the . '. Acci,u:nul~ted Value (/RR iJ:A: No.. 9.§.7~. 8ule IX, · ·sec. 8): · · · . · ',-.·· .. · . · . . ... - •' aciJudi~ation . and_ settlement of the ·claim;:; and . ·dis~utes (~~R o_f f?.A No.. 9679, f~ule X; _Sec 2). · · · o·pti,orjal Withdrawa·l ·of;Contrinution~ .: Ttios~ who become m~mbers ·of the· Fund .after the . l;lffe~tivity of ,F.~:A. No. 961!:hihail have .the option tq .. - .. withdraw his or her Tot
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Note: 'Full pay consists of basic salary and mandatory allowances:fixed by the. Regional Wage , Board, if any (2019 Handbookon worker'sMon.etary Statutory Benefits, p. 29). · . · . ·
PATERNITY.LEAVE
{R.A~. No. 81.87) .
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{t ··:M_eanl~g of Paternlty Leav~ . : · . i, Paternity Leave refers to the benefits granted to a
Conditions for Entitlement · · The married male employee shal! be .entitled to ~y married male .employee.allowing him not to report for paternity leave benefit provided that h'e has met the' work fors~veri'.(?) days' but contlnues to earn the ·rollowing-.condition·s: (£-CAB). · ·· · ·· . ·. . / . compensatlon tberetor/on the condition that his 1 .. He ls an !;.mployee ~t the 'time of the d.elivery of t . spouse . has . delivered : a child or. suffered ·a . his child' . . . . . \. .l"f'!)Sca~(i.age for· eriabllnq . hlrn to eft:ectlv.ely lend 2., He is ~~habitingWit~:his SpOU$~. et the time sh~· . .·~ .. sepport'to his _wife lrrher period recovery and/or in gives birth .at suffers ·a tnlscan:iaga;... . ..\, ·:. :.: :: '<· . th.e.nur~ing-o.Mhe·newly-bprn.c_hild (R.A_.. No .. 8187, 3 .. ·He has·.~plied. for. pat~rnlty .le~ve y.;iffr:l'iis ~;.· .:·, Sec. 3). : . : · employer; . : ·. ·. -.-:... ·: . . ... · .: , . · · :. : :·. · .{; · . :- . . . 4. His. Wi!.e · has · given . ~frth· $Uffer~cf;-'--:a·· . ::'. Purpoae: . . mf~carr-iage (R{!.vis~d JR[?· a.n.« No:.. 818-7 for . ;.} .. The· purpose. of this benefit ·is: to allow ·the husband . the Private Sector, Sec, '3). . . '( :·to -le~d. support to 'his. wife clllri~g. the 'period of . . . . . . ·. . . ·. .. . . . . . . . .. ·,. recovery and/orin the rtursjh'g of the newly born chilc:J.::('.--;') N_ote:. Cohab1t~ng ·m.e.an~· the .. obli~ation ·.of. the, (2019 Handbook. on Worker'~ Monf)tary St~tu(tiJ&, ·/::,, husband ~nd w1_fe_t? hv~ together.. If the spo~_ses are . · . Benefits, p. '2~). . . .. · not physically hvirrg together because · of the ':. '· . ,:. · . . · .. Lsr:-.:1;. ,·,;,,•! workstation or occupation, the male.employee is sljll ·coverage·' :. ·'. . · . ,. . . . ):· 1.i· = ,q'.!_ .• e,r:J1i,t~ed lorthe paternity· leave. ben(,)fit .' (2019 it· · !h8: Patern:(tYi.._e.ave is g_ra~ted to male e'!}P}.9feJs{)1~:.:::!1f~_1f~~~~3;W9rker's _Mon~tary Stc1tutot.y_Behellis, · · in b.oththe publ_1~rnnd:the.pnvate sectofr~.f.ius: ~ 7jl p.29).. 1. ,-EyefY,- ma~r.i~d _male employee .w_.,t~.Er .'pfiV~tlef ~,· • jf;{'\ ,,' · , : \ · · .· · . s·ecto,r· sha,11·: 'be . entitled to P.at13r-,i)tY.•.Jr.aid< (,~. Th_e term 1f~~e · ref~rs to the la~I wife, which · . - benefits for the first. fot1r ..(4)_,.9jfiverJ'e'.~f.!?yhis O. mE!afls thf,wima~who 1s l~gally m~rr,ed to the mal.e · · 1awtul spou·se· under_:such t~,msar;ia ~ondi.tiori§~ .. emplo~er.o/coicerq_~d (~ev,se.dIRR.o_f R.A. 8187 for ·a~· provide_d:ti~_ law (Rf!.fsi,:'cjLfir.F$.;,6,f~ftA.No:_"'· the P~1;:,f!te 1(d)). . . .. · -: .
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Go~er~ment employees are~l~9"·~r;iTif!~~to·fti~' .' !-+i? Apph~at .~oJoc6;9a_ter-nity._L~ave. . .. . .. . . p~tem_1ty l~ave beriefjt. Th~y s~a'!J.Che')~yetned The m~~ned_f)'lal.e employe_e~hall _apply for pat~m1ty by.th13_ Civil Serv,~e Rules. (201'9 (i!._an<{'?j_ok on . p~J~f'!e.with h1.s .employer w1l\1m a· reaso~able period . · Worker's·A:f.q,netarfStiJ.tµto_ryB,e{lefit~/'P· 29};, _,,,_,;,:,;,,:·!-~f;,tJ~~ fr~~the expe?t~d._d~t~,of ~el1v.ery by th~· .• . :. · .. . ·, · . . • · <,,,,f_ . ,;·. c,,;.-.__.....pF~gnaflt,,.sJ:1Uuse, or '1,Vltlirn such penod·as·may be. · ·l.~·~,.;~· Benefit:· . ,:·· · .. :·. ·.·. .. : . provid~d bY.. .coi:npany rules :~n~·: f~g-~lati9ns.'or ~Y .· ..J,h~.p,aternity_ !~aye-sl)all-be_ f9(seven (7)_:~}i with cqll~chv_e l;,arg_a1n1ng: aweem~~\.-pr.o":'d~d_ th_a~:prior .fult P.~Y, _availa_b!~ 011ly for th_e first (Qllr deliveries pf. a~pl1cp~on..for leaye?hall ·hot. be ·r.equired m pase of: thE! legitirpate· spouse with .wt)orn :he is cohabiting m1~c~mag~ (Rev,se~ l~R ofR;A. No... 818! for the (R:A.'-Nd._8187:_,S~c. 2}, . Pnv~te Se·ctor,Sec.. 4) ... · . · ·. · .. : · .
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~.BERS . ADVISER:$ . { . SUBJECT C::<;)~'ITEE Jb~CH. M .. · MA)!Y C:YRffiLL C. SUMANQID ·'KRISTINA· D.: ~UGAO · JOHlit'BENEDJi:;;f M. RIVERA, ·ATTY. RA]EEN jILLIAN D: ,BIASCA •. ·GOLANGCO, Atty. MARLON) .... 'Overa{lll 9iiairperscm,: ERICA.·· Subject'Chpir,·VICTOR KENNER MAE .O.sVISTA Chairperson for $ .. GALANG Assistant Subject CHRISfIAN MARJE LYNN P. MANUEL and ATIY. PETER-· SOLIS, JO.ANNA PATRICIA R JOEY B. USITA . . . Ac~ciemlcs,, ... ,B~· 'REI , &. . Chalr;.MISHAEL R OCCIANO . ·B~~O Ch"airperson.for Hotel .Subject '. F,~ectro.nic . · Data PADRID,,STEPHA.Nm NtcciLE . · · ,· OpcratiOTJS, ]~A LQUIS!!,B ..• Proc~sing. NA~AEL. A. M. ILAC:::AD,. and ANN MAl,l.Y . MICHELLE B. )WALO ... . I?~O. Vice Ch'.'-irperson for. QUIJANO ,1:.a/Jor Sta'i1dards, BEA Setretarlat, EARL JT;JSTIN M. - PATRIClJ.\ G: DANGAZO IA/Jor ,.;, . . Y.f\MfJ.A.0 .Vice. Chairperson for Relations, ;and JU~ND · ,Qperations, MA. .MJGEilCA,B. FRAN:CEZ TiiERES.S M. t DE 'i.EON Vice Chairper:son for . : ABRIAM J urisdictlon' and Special ?., .. : · Finance, . ~ OLMAYA' ·).'. . Laws BADANGAN _Vice .Chairperso'.' f·· forAudit~JORDANN.~~ . Vicep!iP,,rperson for. EDP, HANZ· DARRYL D.TIU Vice Chairp.ersonjor Logii.itcs, and' DOHN ALFRED E. AQUIUZAN . Vi"ce Chairperson.for Membership
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M:A.TERNIT): LEA VE (SECTION·.14-A·.()F R.A~ No .. . 1i61,.ASA_MENDED BY R.A -.
Paternity leave benefits shall be · granted to tlie qualified employee after the' delivery by- .his· wife, without prejudice to an employer allowing an emp)oyee to avauot the benefit before or durirg the .. delivery; provided, that the total number of days shall . not exceed .seven (7) days for each delivery (Revised. iRR of. R.A. No. 8187 ·f.or the. 'Priv,ate Sectot; Sec. 5) ..
.. .: · :No. 73·22,.FURTHER
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AMENDED BY R..A. N9."8282) . . /
' Noti:1:- ·The for.e'goi.ng·discusslon provides; for the · Non-conversion to Cash . . maternity, leave. benefits · under ·H.A.· 1'161, as' Benefits riot availed of.shall not be converted to cash .amended by RA. No; -7;322-a!')d R.A. 8282 .. · . ' · and shall not be cumulative .(2019 f!ar:u;Jpook'on Worker's Monetary Sfatu~oryBenefits,P, 30):' R.A. . 11210, ,'. ofheiwise kr.1~wn .'as. the °Expanded ··· · . Maternity Leave (EML) Law, became effective only . Crediting of Existing Benefits:. . _· . .·. ... -on March 8, 2019 (15.''f}ays· after comptetlon'ot. ifs Wh.er~. a.. 'male. employee · is already, enjqying: the pubticetion in the· Officia( Gezetie 'on.Pebraery 21;· · . paternlty lea_v~. benefits._ by · rea~C!~ of· contrac!, _ 2019~. f;urlhf!r·amendmen.tsPfov{de':'by R;A. 1121 ()' c.?mpany policy or. coll~ctrve barqaininq, agreen:i~"'a,:e.;c{fJ,$CU$Sed at the end of the section: ..·. these rules sball apply. , ,. . . ,.-:P" , ~"";,Tu.· -· . . . · . . . 1- If the exi~ting pat~rnit~ .1l3ave _benij,itJ.fs':g~~ter' '. ·4 1;e~ye Benefit. . . . . . . -, ,·. · · : : thah .the .ben.efit ,~~reu:i. prov1~~.d~~~~1J:.e~~=-:~=.,,~·,.ft.tilal{)P~~b~r. who .has paid ~t least three (3) . .. . be.nefit.s~,a!I preva1!, _ · ... ,,Yf mont,ti'ly.·~cop~~ut.\,.ons. m the twelve · (1-2)_-month 2. ·. If th';l ex1sbn\'.J .1?.atemrty l~a~e~s~ft~i~tt;iat='=ii;-=p~rii;>c4j~egjatel,X~J>recedin'g the seme·ster·of. her . prP.enal.ty . · . : · .... \ ~~W,oi:tjo!')! ... L_ .... · , ·. · .. · . ":. · . .Any '.f:~e~scin, . cc:iwo~ati~n. ttust:.~firyrri,.~~e~~T!:.'·,:rrlf".!She,~.s~ ~.a;-1.e~g)ventf1e .req1,1ired..Notificatjon to_ a~soc1at101'l ·or ~ntrty found. vlol~tirig~ny p~~r?-lon"o~~ .id'.::f1n~·~:s~t?-':!Pru-if;er -~mployer .(2019 ·Han.dbopk·on. tt:iese( Rules ·.~hall.· be. penalized ·nv._ ~ (tib'e~=~lf~j\ep-'fs.~getary -Statµt.'?ry Benefi,tsi p.. 28); · exc~~ding P25,.000orimprisonm.er:rtpf?i~t1e\s~~an ;)~b~~ ·0•· • · _. . :• . 30 days nor mqre than 6,mon~s,. , ... · . ~~ ,.!l.q_.~1:i~r~m~!emember r:nul;?t nave. f'a'id .~t least ·· .:", · ·· - . · · · · ... : ·. .· · · . · · · .~ ......,...::~-··· three ffi lr!Or'lths of maternity eontributior:isJh th~·. If the vicflation js committed by·a-corpor~tion,, trust_or .. · . . · twel\ie (12}-month period lmn')~tjiatety°beforeth~ firm, paryn~rship;-association·or .any o·th,er.i.ntlty, the·. ·· semester· of .he~ ctjildbirth. oi"_miscafriage (R,A. penalty of imprisonment shall· b.e imposed· on ·the. No~8Z82,·sec. 14-A). · _entity's.r.esPOrlsible officers, if'.)clUding bu.t not~l!tnited. ·. . .. ~ ··: · . . ~ .: ·· . · .- ·.. ). . . .. .. . ·to; the: pr~sideqt, v,ice. ·pres1d~nt, · c;hief execptive . . : "Every pregparit vvoma_n is eri~itled to:materni\y'leave. offi~er,' ··general mc\lnager, . managing. director· or··. . b·e.nefits. rei;iar.dl0$S .. Of her>" .~iV!f Status, : wl')etl)er .. P..artner d)rectly responsibl~ lf:leref9r (Revised.,fRRof . T1Ji3tried.·or u:rmarried·. . . . R.A. Nb:·81-87 for the PrivateSedor, Sec. 10). ... .. . · ' · : ' · ·· . · · · · · ·. . · · · .. · .. Maternity. beF\'efits·are granted _16.·em.pioy~e~ in lieu., ., ·, · · of wag~s · i;t.l'ld,.· me·r~fore,.·may' not,·be included in · C,6mputfng the employee'.s 13\llTmc:mth. pay for fhe . : .. c.alendar yea.r '(201.9 .. Ha.n.i:fbbdlf ··.dn_ ,Wor~er's · . ,Monetary:statuto(YBenefi(s, p.2!),· : · -, :.. . .' ·. ·- . . . ... . . . Conditfons.: (~P-BF;RWC) : : ·. . · ··. · . . ' _' ·t. Th·e·employee shall have· NoiifiecJ. h·er. 'Elmployer . .of.her pre·gna.ncy a.n~.thS probaQ.le di:ite of her childbirtti,· whic~ ·notice shi311 be·..transn:,itted .to the SSS . ii') accordance with . tlie ruJes and reg'ulations it m~y provide; . / . .
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The full Eayment shall be advanced by tne employer within 30 'days from·.the filing of the
instance·
,.,_. . maternity leave appltcation: •//"· 3. The payment of daily maternity benefits shall be ~'!.; · · a ~ar to the· recovery of slckn'ess·· benefits.· provided by.this, Act for the same .. period for which· daily. rnaternlty benefits' -have been · received; 4,
· . .·. · · .·. . ·: · · maternity .benefits provided under .. this
The section shall· be . paid only for the first four -detlveries ormiscarrtaqes:
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pregnancy,
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2. Applicability to employees in the public sector sSince R.A No .. 1'1210 extends to workers in the go.vernment: it additionally provides : .. \ qualiticatlons for:.entJfleme'ri! of female workers in the public sector; (Go-N6) . . . . a. Fem.~le,- worker should be· in Gov.ern.nwnt service, in Natronat-Governrnent Agencie~ .. l,.ocal . Government . Units. GovernmentOwoed.'or-,G6ritrolled C6rporations; o'r State . . -, 'Un'iversiti'es a'rid Goll~ges.. . .. : -v. •. · .... .'· . . . .b. The head of the .agency· shallbe given d.u~ . Notice, irf writing, afteas\:.45'day$ bef6re.:the end of the maternity leave·(R.A. No. 1'1210,.
for
The SSS shall in:un,ediate.ly· ,Reimburse" the employer of. 100%. of t.he amount ·of maternity . benefits advanced to· the 'employee by 'the . employer upon receipt of sati~tactoi:y. proof of such payment.and ·legallty thereat 'and 6. ·. If an .employee- member should. ·give· birth or .suffer : 'miscartiaqe Without · the . required Sec. 4).· . . . ~ontributior:,s. having been remltted. for .her, by 3: ~Maternity leave 'shall be· granted·. to female her employer ~O the SSS,. or wtthouf the latter ~...D workers : in . ever:t lnstance+of pregnancy; tiavi.ng _bee.n previously notified ·.l;>y U:,e- ~m·p10,ri~t miscarriage .or- emergency termination· of of the. time. of the .preqnancy, the ~mplo¥er.~11,f!Jl;1,~ 1;,; ;\ • rxe~n.a_ncy, re~ardJ9:ss of frequen~y; . .·. . · pay t? the. SSS ..damages· equivalent .tol .tii~:.~"'•.i '.'.} 4 .. Allocatlon ?f Mate~ntty L~ave Credits -Afemale bE!~efit~· which said empl<;>yee· member. ~~/JI~;.,· .._.~l:,r;~.wo~ker.~n,t1tled to mat~rruty.leave b~mefi.ts, ~ther. . .ott:ier:w1se~ave been,:mhtled .<Sec, a!~oc.ate .up .to 7 d~y.s ~f said benefits ~o. · :1-12.10). . . .· .· .. . . ..,-<;,./ .. ,.. if .. . the. eH1ld.·s, father, wh~ther qr not the s.af'!le 1s · . · . ·... · ~.?;' . : ,A... ,.,~, marriedtl'~\thefemale worlser: ·Provided: that in Under .the Magna Carta. of "Yomen'. }.V9Jlil~n. iii· t~·-:1{. the .deJti\! ~ps'ence; or incapacity of the former,. milita~y .• po,lice 1:1.nd other servi~es·s~!l.l:~-~~~d .to... the: ~fne 1t q;_iay .be anocate~.-to ~n: alt~rnalivf; lea.vs ben.efits such as matern1ty.J(ave; c3{fp."ro:v1q~.d,. ~~1 ·.. · careµ,!ve. wh\may be .a rela~1ve_w1thin tl:leJourth for by .existing laws.(R:A. No.,if,p_g,Se~·:(5). · i·. ·'-:\. ~egf~e oU:_comwnguinity or·the current p_~rtrier of . ·. ·. . . · · · · · · l~'/y>..-:::,::---'7,)·j-~~· .'~it:.. : · !;,.: . · ~,rern.~l~~ork~fstiaringthe same hou~ehold, . It is no~ ~ec~ssary that a:w~111a11!t~~ ilJ)P[~(oat~tllq~ .. updf.it.!ffi'si.2Jile t;:tio~of the mother ~aking into ~.er1eg!t1mat~spouse. lt1s1m.1;1aterm1~.t30:m~fat~;r.- r,;.1. . : .aq:ounqhe b.~s~.mterE:st of the child (~~c ... 6; · 1s .. Every· pre:gnaht .. woman ..;in ·theJ,ppvat~~;1>ect0_r-.·... '!'~~- ~·~R.A'.No. 11210)., · . . · · . . lh'het.her marrie_d· or unrnamed, is· ~~.ti~tiYto: th~..-).~:~~: •. · materni~.: leav~. be11.efits. Being.·. ·unm~rrl.¢0\u,...·.:......:;_N?,te:.:.:f.lie9matemit_yleave. ~~~,!:!fits g_rai:ite.d ·pnder .. woman. 1s not an ob.stacle ..for .th~ .~r~nt'·qf,1s.uc.h · . th.is ·Act sl')all be enJoyed by.a female wor~e~ 1n. the · . benefits. to the less fortunate (1 POQUl?.>~r.a at · · gov~rnm'ent s~rv1ce·and in· the pr:iv'ate·sector even if . . ·300). · . · .' · .. · · · ·· · -~~ . ·. . :she. ·!'las· a· pe~ding ;3dministra,tiye ·case ( $ef. 12, · {" . . RA.No.11210). . i,' impott;ant Changes. under R.A 11.21 otherwlse . 1 •, •
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· Law .. · . , : :. · · · ·1. ·.E~pahded coverage~ RA. No.'112'1 Q expanded its cov.erage. All .. cov'ered·. _'f!;)male workets. :in government :an~ the pFil,atE{ sector.. i.ncluding tlios~·· in- -the. inform?~· Eicq11omy, :re'gardl~S$··of .·. , .civil sla}us 9r .the legitimacy1ofher cl'lildr~n shall· . be· paid a .. datlY maternity ,benefit .eq~ivalenMo 100%-of her.'ave.rage·dally sala(Y. credit for·)0.5 days for chi!9bJrth,. whether.Mr-ml;!I or·.c~esarian deliyery, · or.· .·60 · dqys .' .for : miscarria.ge or .. - emergency termination, with an .option to,exterid_ · · for an addf.tional 30..days.witliout,pay ... pr9vide9, .that in case the worker q'ualifi!3.s:as a solo parent .. ' under the. •isolo Parents'. ·.Welfare' Ac.t•, the worker Shall, be ·granted addit\onal 15_ 'd~Y,S · maternity leave with full ·pay. Maternity leave ·shall .be· grant~d to fema.le ·wor-1:<.ers in every ·
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covered femafe -employee who h~,1i ·paid at· least· three· rhonthty ·ms:iternity' ., COJ1fributi9ns· in the 't.y.elve-llionth period .. 'p.receding : 'tt1e sern·ester . ·or 'her c!,ildbirth, . ·abortion· :or rtjiscarriagt;? ·and· wh9 is. currently employed· · 'A
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. . . 5. · Parent left solo or· atone.with the responsibility of . parenthood due to· legal .§.eparation -or defacto Sjxty · (6.0). days for One h1:mdred ·t,ive -(105) asparation from. spouse for. at least 1 r year, as n~xmal . . . ··a_elivery, days for childbirth, long as_ he/she is entrusted with. the custody pf the children; · · ·· emergency termination, whether· normal .. or dt·rn.iscarriage. . . :caesa·rian delivery. 6. Parent left solo-or alone. with the responsibility of pa_~enthood 'due . to declaration 9f ,h!ulljty or. . ' .Sev.enty-eight (78) days Sixty_. (60)' c1ays for annulment. o.f marriaqe as. decreed by a court or . ·f?r caesarian deliver-y. miscarriage or by ·a' church as Jong 'as he/she is entrusted with . emergenc:;y twmination,. . the custody of the-children: With an option to· extend 7. · Parent left solo 6r alone wit.h the·resporisibili.ty of . for an additional thirty parenthood due to ~banaooment of spouse for · · · (~O) days .wlthout :pay. at'Ieast 1. year.;.· ·. .· . · · . Provided, thar in case . 8,·· . llnmarrjed rnother/tather who has preferred to 'the worker quallttes as a ·. keep and rear . her/his ctiild/children ·instead· of' solo . parent . 'under the having. others care for them or giv~ t'ti~m u'p to a . '. .~·solo Parents' Welfare . welfare institution; . . Act", the workershall be' 9. Any Qther person who solely. provides-parental · grant~,q an _addi!L~i;ial, :-~==.:;carean_d· s~pp~rt to a child or ·children·. pro~icjed fifteen (15}.days,.#.,... lf ~~!l1!).e,1s ..duly hcens.ed as a fol?~e.r parent -~Y.the ~uly appointed guardian by the co.urt; • . • • • • •• • ~---~-~~ny gE..~~!lY · mernb~r . w~o, -asaurries the . , , ,,-: . . ,,,_;·-·= r:e~ol'.fs1?i)1ty,~f head. of family as a result.of the May Wlocat,\!}!J?)~-~~~en.·.::I::: .-~-d ...~~~~,;.:_ al:la_Q~~nment;.. disappearance or (1) tx...~e~ ~ene'.1.t ~~ lf' w.· prof~ng~a\~~f11n~e of th.e parents C?r solo p3i.rent 1...-.-~..-:.-~--....,..,.,._:_J-/!4-,:....;2;;,,,..".f.,/l?J-~L.:. . .c..-:.:_..Ja ~~: ~ for a~ lea'\t~ ~a~(R.A. No. 8~72, Sec. 3, par. . .. . . . . ! 1·--~ (J) '\ ·-: . . . .
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· . PARENTAL Ti~~ ·F· · ·~R·, . "-;::~ ~~Ye:.A ;~~~~ge~~m~~s}~tusor circumstance ot'the . .__ . ; -~~~~\ . 0. · .t:.:r ~\\.~parent 9la1mm.g ~b.erietJI~ under. this Act, such that
·::SOLO P.ARENJ.'~ {Rl\A.<s1\2).:.:. . ~--..c:"'he~he/~~lcin~~r·le~tlf11~rJ~wit~.th~ re~p?~~ibi,lfty. ·
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- .. Meanjng'of ~arent~l.(~oto P~{ent) ~~ave· P~rental leave ~h~ll 1;1ea~ Jeav'~be'nefifs~.g'rante1t~~3~ .n ..~ier.to}tJp~e hvmg with ·and depen~ent a &?lo parenqo el]able h1m/her t~, p~rforrri'\eatebt~fEN'11!lB;~h7.s~o pare.ptfoi: support who ar~ unmamed, ~1Jt1es ~nd ~esP.on~ibilitie~ wh.ere p . sicajl'~Fef:ie~~~~e9i,,tmJ/iot m.or.e~han 18years.pf age, or 1s requireu-1/RR of R_.A. No. 8972, Se . ,6(g)?V't) ~~-e.~1\.~t:;,;,P,Jtfats but are me:a~ab1.e of self-support_ 1 .i_ . · bt~·a~s~;,Wf'mental~nd/or '~hys1(:aJ def~cUdisability .Pefin1tion of Terms . . ·. . : .. · >~'''"'"""<=};;.J!;;,~. _8972~.Sec 6. .. 3, par. (b))... . .. ·· , . $c:>(o· Parenf refers t~ .any individlic!I who falls uncjer . ·· · · · · any. of. th.e f(!llowin·g. categories·:·. (RaDe-DiSNA·· · ·, L~ave 6enefit . . . .... . . .. . . . . . UnQF) . . . . ' · . . . In.. add.i~on.t~rle,ave· privileges under existing laws, f: A womar-\',who_f1iVes :t,irth clS. a l'esµlt ot'Bfil)e.and · pare_ntarJeav~ of not .. m9re 'than seven (7) WOfkihg ,:.. Other crimes against:ch~fstify;i3Ven.Without a -final· days_ every year·.snall .be. granted. to ·any solo pa·rerit · · .. c6nviction··of'the o:ffonder: i:>rovicled,: That the ernploye:e.who has rendered :servic:e·:of at'least 1 . rrtother:keeps·ancfrai~esthechild;·' ·. :· . y~ar, The ~even-clay par~ntai'leave shalLbe non.;. . 2 .. -..:Parentleft solo or:'alone·with.ihe resp9_nsibiiity·of . · · c1,.1mu_lati'·fe(/RR_ of.R.A. No:·'8972; S~c. ·18).'. .' , . · .Parenthood due ~9 ·oea'th Of ~fpouse; ·. · ··-=- ·. · . . · · · · · · · . ~. ;P~rent l~ft solo oi:-alon~.with the responsibility of . · C.ondition~·for .entitlemi:mf of Parerital Lea~~: .. parenthood while th~ spouse is Detained or :is ·(·1~No~Pre) · ·. ,. · ." · · · · · . .· · · ·, . - · . serving"sentenc~ 'for ~ criminal conviction:·for at 1 ... 1he solo, par~nt mus.t render at least 1.ya'ar of .. '. ·1east'1 year; . ·. . . .. · service, whether continuous or.broken· · · A: . Parent left solo'o'r alMe with the respor'isibiflty af. ?'0 ·"The solo. par.e.nt mu'st N·otify the erriplo~er ·of the. parenthood ·due ·t9 physical--. arid/or rrrental . .- avqilinent ther~of .within a reasonable period cif !ncapacity 'of spouse as certifiec! by .. a publtc.. · time; . · · · 3_. The solo parent ·. -most Present his . · 'solo · medical practi,tioner; . . ld'entifica}icin Card to the employer (/RR R.A..
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312 I 2019 SAN BE_DA LAW CENTRALIZEP SAR OPERATIONS
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. Non~ Conversion· to Cash . . . . . · 1n the event that the parental leave is not availed of, · said leave. shall not be· convertiblato cash unless 'speclflcally agreed upon previously. However, if·said leave were deriled arr'erriptoyee as a result of noncompliance wit~ the provisions of. these Rules-by an. employer, the-aforementioned !'eave may be used a.· · basis for the computation of damages (/RR 'of R.A: No. 8972,. Sec. 20). · . · ..
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M_edleaf. Ass1stanc~ .(or ·_Essentiai H~<h Packages). ··The . DOH shall ·. develop a comprehensive· 'health care-: program for solo parents and 'their children (R.A. No. 8972, Sec.
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LEAVE.·FOR VICTIMS OF·· . 'v10LENcEAGAINST . WOMEN ANil.THEIR .. No>9262) .CHILDREN(R:A . . . '
·.·Violence· 'A~ainst Women and· Their Childreri refersto any act or a series of acts committed by any . Emergency or. CO(lti!')gency leave provided under persorr against a woman who is his Wife, former wife,. ~-:· compenypollcy ora collective bargainiflg_ aqreernent _,.. ._ or ;agajhst .a woman· with. whom the person has er ·i st:iall_ not b~ credited as compliance with the p·ar~nt~i;;f,jJ had a sexual or al:iting relatlonsblp, or with whom he 5 Ieave provided for under the Act and these ·R!"r~s., z-; )-. has a common child, or against her child whether or ·.. ·. .(JR~ RA. No. 8972, -Sec. 21). . . . . . j',c!, _su'ffer,ng,, or. ·e~onomic abuse i~cluding threats of .· .. ·.. · · : ·, . ' . . . .. ,J.1_. . ,. :,.,~~) ~\JCh-ac;:ts, battery, assault, coercion, harassment or· ;;· .· Prohibitlon on Work .o,s~r~mmabon. .. . . ,.z 1rf:i'r~~ar,.y,..-,d~P.).~at(on. of 1.!b~rty (R.A leqitimate or l:_ No _-employer _shalJ ?'.scnm1_nate agarn~t J~fl.~J sol~\ •.l'rr.iiie'giu~-at~~1~1)i~?r-wittfout_th~._family_~bode, which \· pare":!~. employee · with . respect to:"_.t,r,n,_s.,,and~L)l : result in· orli!S~-h~eJy·to result in physical, sexual, ;_ ·. con1:ht1ons .pf employment .on ,acco~f_i!.<Jl. his/h_e(,,.-)l ·-psychologicii!h'arm. No. 9262; Sec. 3(a)). t' status (R.A. No. 8972, Sec: 7). ·· ,,_,.,,{·".,.:. ~ / .lt\ · /! U
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O~her B~.nefits of a Solo P-~rey,,.,.,.... ~ if~ · ,~ . . : · · . : . . . ;. · The-Solo Parents' Welfare Ag(slGGords:~elp.parenf~ ·.·•·t . At_ansr_»J~e ,ij _rln~~fhe i:IPPh~tlon of any ~~otectton ~ . the following·benefits: ~.'-(. ~ ...6!t\ ~...!'-,· o_r~e~.1?~~t11.~n?!i/Prosecution and/o:, trial_ of the. sf. ·. ·1, Flexible Wprk Schedule.:'1:Q~ emol~~er s'n~if -~ .': cnm1nalq;~~?;:.?:...v19tfrn.o_f. VAW_C who 1s ~mplqyed .. '; · · ... provtde·-for· a flexible. work \efrte«tlledor· sqto ·-1A . s!lall ~e en!1!le~ t~. a __pa\c\ _ lea"'.:e of up ~-o (10) -,~. . ·. par~nts .. The schedule: stioula..·Qgt, flawever, . · ~j.7~f}'-S·1n add1~1~n to·.qt~er p;=ud le~ves under,!~e Labor '':'· affect the individual and company ]J'El~~c'tiyit'{ . ),·•; .•'.~~8E;;il~ .G1v1l_.s_er:11ce-.R~les. ;,md_ ~~gulat,ons ~.nd. .,(•r-7'"4:.:other.:ex,stmg_ laws ~nd ~mpany p,_ohc1e~; ex~~n~_,bl~f No~e:· The ·employer· .may, how~5t!", _rtqigest . whe~ ~he . ~e.p-ess1ty: anses_. __as_--~pec1,fied .. 1.~· }h.~.: Elxemptior;i from th~ aboje re,quire,u_~oJ~.f(o~ .protection ~rder (!RR of. R.A'. ·92_62'. S~c_. 42),. ..: .. , · the.. DO.LE on c.~rt.ainme.r!to'fious g·rourrd,S:''lntlie · · . ·- · .... cas~ .of ·employees in the government se,:vice.' ·. :··R:~qyireme'rit for.Erititle~e.n·t . , . . . .. :°flexible working: hoti_rs:,wili .qe -subject Jo the . To:-be· ·entitled to lhe. le.ave benefit, t.he ". ohly ; .. , ~(scret_ion·of. the hec,i,d'.at the a.ge!'Ji::Y.: In .no ca~e. ·requirement.is fc>r the Victim~tnployee lo present to · shall ttie-weakly working tiour_s be reduced ii'! the . her· empl6y~r ·a, :c1;1rtification. trom: .the Punong . event: the. agency.·adcipts the flexibl_e·working . Barang~y or'kagawa9-or pr.9s.ecut,or or the·c1erk of .. hours schedule f9rmat (flexi.-fin:ie). In- the_: •. Court, as the:case may be, that an·:action re!atlve·to. · · · ..adoption of'tie~i-lime, the ·c.ore working hours . the:m·atter .is pen.ding· (2019 Handbook··oo Worke/s ·.' ihall be P,rescribed taking into consid~rqt[on'the. . .!Yfor:ietr~ 'statutoiy 'I;3enefits,p, 34). . . ·.: . . '·: .. . needs of the service (/RR" of R'."A.,No. 8$72, 'P.o.rt. · ...;· · · V,: Seq. 16).. . . . . :.N:ote: Th~··cartification shail be iS.su'ect at no ~st'to Jhe·wo,rnan (IR.R b{R.A. 9_26.2;R.ul~VJ,.:s'ec/·42).; ·Educati~nal The"DepEd; 'CH.ED-and_· .. · 1:.ESDA s·haJI provide·_sct,o).ar.ship p;rograrn·s in . .Fo~· go'v·ernrn~nt.:employee~. in. a'ddition . to" 'th'e' : · institutions-of basic, tertiary aAd technicc11/skills aforementioned.,. certification,.·. ~he . employee .. . ' . e:oucalion ~md non7formal education programs concerned must'tile aii applica'tion.for leave-citing as app'i:opria.te tor:. solq pa'rents and their children ·basis RA. No. 9262 (/RR-of R.A. 9262, -Rufe VJ, Sec.· '42). . . . . . (!RR' qf R.A. 89'72;-Att. V, Sec. ·2_2). . · 3. Ho~sing.B~·nefits. E!igible s?'l6'pare,i:,tssh_1;11l be· · . pr9.vided with· ,liberal-' terms of :payment Qh government low-co!;,t· housing proje.cts.(/RR of ·
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SPEC·JAL GROU.PS '* Leave Benefit
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. _The· employee is ·entitled -to two (2) months -leave with full. p.ay based on her gross . monthly · compensation following surgery. due lo· gynecolo~ica·I disorders (R_.A. No .. 9710, Sec: 18).
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The availrnent of the ten (1 O}-day leave' shall be at the option of the wornah.employee, which shall cover . the days"'that slie has· to attend to medical arid legal .concerns. · Leaves- ·. no] · · availed · of are· noncumulative and · n.di convertible to· cash (/RR of R.A.
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. monthly basic pay. plus 'mandatory allowance fixed . by the . ~egional . wage boards (2019 Handbook on ' W(?rker's Monetary Statutory Ben~fl_ts, p:37).. :
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·rtie . ·actmin_istrative enforcement, of this _leave · :·entitlement shallbe considered withirfth!:i [urlsdlctlon . -v -of.the R_egional Director :o.f.• the DOLE under Article· . · Conditions for Entitlement .. 129 · of the Labor Cod~ of -the Philippines, as . The· female employee must meet t_!ie . foll9wi·ng amended, tor.employees 'iri·t~e private sector; and. . . conditions: . the Civi_l Service" ·Comrr,isslon, for gover.r;irflent . . 1.. . She has rendered · at . least ·six (6) months employees (JR~ of R.,tt !!262, · Ru}f!" VI,. Sec. 4i). : continuous aggregate employment service for, . · . . · • · - •. , the last.12 .months prior to· surgery;·. · · . __ Penalties .·. . . . ·. . . ·· . . . . . . 2.~· In . the 'event that an· extended leave · is . -· The·. e~ployer/ · ~gency head who d7'1.l.7S .. th_e : ·~_,,..,... · necessary, the female employee may use her _ap~hca.t1~:>n_ for leave, and ~ho shan, wei.u~pp...:s-th~ .:_,,.e~r.oed"leave credits; a-rid . .. . . · .. · ·. y1ct1m-s~rv1vor ~r any -p.er~on ~or · assi~Jin_~ ~'.I:-.co~· I°.:" · i\}t-, non-cumulatlve and non7conv.e~ible· to -emplcyee wh_o 1~ a. vlc;l1m.~s~rv1~_or_):JA'ae:-~~h:~ ~~t~..;.,,_3-· v cashl(!ftl(f JS."ef R.A. No. 971.0 sec. 21). shall be held.liable for d1scnm1nat101;fanclwrotai19ricnl · ~::.~: !i .,_~ --~ , · ' · . ·. · . · . . . ff',{' :-i• --':· ' "1·~ · · · . R.f\ ~O: 92~2 ... · · .· . · /.- ~~-,......,,.~=-Note_;..~{1(~s1~J9) monJhs COfltin~Qus\1gg~~gate .· T~e .Provisi.~n. of _the L~~or,{o~~1~nd·.fi_e ·Ci-?,i.l) ~\. '.~ployi:re:in~¥J-Y!£e{or.the l¥1st 1_2 moriths pnor; tq . service ,RutE;)~ and Regu{atLelfl.~' sff_@!I govern tl1t? ~ .snrgery ~m~a~t(t~aJ,.,l~~-woman ~.mplo'yee s~ouid, -penalty to·oe imPQsec:I on .th~~qld eg,ploy/r..lage.n,gy.._,t·\J-~nave b~n w1t~ttl~;cJ>r;ppany for 1~ month~ prior to head' (.'JRR of RA 9262 Ruli lli~if;ef/d·.421 r,\,. tl'ie surg~ry (D. @:jy__g,,, ~ 12-A, Senes of 2012,. Seq. y . ,, ,1,1\."':'~ IB ~1fgJf. . ,; . ~ p-- , ~ . , .. . . ·.
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· '. M ea~ ing o! Spe~ia·I ~-eave :Benefit .. · ,r't:Wor.te)·· ~~x:;=~~~,:1~~~~1~~i_~n101Cash . ' _. . · .. Special ~eav~ Benef~t for Wom~n means:,.~0~er:/~1.e. Jv'f./leJ:e);a~Jtde. ·The s~ec1~I _leaye . slJa_l~ be . non- . employee's leav:~fen,,tlement.of two ·(2)'montils·,.w~ "'. C~JJJat1 ~ and non_-conv~~1bl_eto cash.. . . f1;1ll _pay· frp1Jl_.11'3r .~mployer"-.ba~ed -011: qe! ~ross. ·: - ":"' . • . · .·.· . . .'· • .-·. · 111ootlily'·cori:lpE1n·satipn folloW.ing,sllrgerY- cau$ed li>Y. ·. Exc~pt1on.· Unless. o.therw1s~ provided-!n the CBA . , gy(iecolo_gjcalc:flsorders .(D. 0 .. No. 11_2-A_:$1:1rie~ of . (D: 0 .. No. 112-A, Serie~ of 2012,.__ See. 12). ·: · 2012• _Sec:.1).i . . '.. . . . . .: ,. . . . ·., . · Special Leave.. B¢~~fit· Vis-A-Vi~ sss: itckness· ·. ·Note:":Gynecological ois.ord~rs.-r.e.fe~·to diso·rci.ers tliat :. woiJ!ci re(Juir.e surgical" procedures ·swcti as; b1.1t not limited to, diletation=· and"·· curettag·e .ana. those involving ·female. reprodut:ti:ve. organs s~dh. as tl'le · ··vagina·,· cervix·... uterus, "fallopian· tubes,· ·oVarres.' ·'·Qreast,: adnexa _and _peivic ·nc;,or, cer:t!fl~d; by· a : compe.t~nt. ·physician.··: It · s1J·a1t . · also. incl.ude. · · ·hysterectom'y; ovariectomy, and.mast~cton'iy (/RR of R.A .. t:Jo: '9710, S,e<;.:!(mjJ.·. · · · ... · ·•
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.Coverage.- . · . . . ·. Any female'.. employee. in the pt,1blic and . private .sector; regardless.:of:'ag.e,and civil status, -is entitled· · to a. spec;:ial le~ve benefit (/RR of R.A.. No. 9"(10, Sec. · 21-A). .· .· . · · . . . ~ .. , .
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~ene_fit. . ·. · ... . . ·· .. . . . '. :The former.is·granted.by the employer in apc~rd~oce with R.A._ No. 9710.. The 1.?tte.r is. given. and. .edministered· in. :accofdMce ··with R.A.. ·82S2 (D.Q~ N_o. 11_2-A, ·s.(~ries·of~012, s_ec. 7), . : . . . ·Speci.at·· _Lea°\•~ ... Benatif ..Vis~A-Vis ·.. Existing . St~tutory L.,eaves . · . · The. form~ercanno~ be taken fro'm existing -st~tutory leaves. The benefit is corisidered an addition·to ·the. . leave ·benefits gran"ted _llnder.".existing laws arid. sl)ould· be adde,·d on top of said statutory leave· entitle me ht$ (D. No. 112~A•. Series of 2012, Sec. 8). . .
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!'tote: Lactation ·(or'. nursery) is .a 'private, clean r .sarntary, and we,11-ventilated room~ or ar~as in the workplace. or'. pu,blic 'places ·where nursin~ mothers carrwash up.tbreastfeed or express their milk, comto'ttabiy 'store this afterward (R.A. 1002$, Sec;, a' (p));.. .
Sp~·~i~I Leave Ben,afi~ Vis-A-Vis Mat~mity-L.eave
./;'., aene~lts : .. .·. t,,. : 'Wt,ere the woman . employee . had ur:,dergone f surgery. due to gy('l~colo~i.cal disorder .during her };;'; maternity leave; she is emitted only to the difference ??~: between the SLB andrnaternity leave benefit (D.0.
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t -No. 112~A, Series of·2.012,.Sec.. 9). ·. ' . .: Yi:tt Crediti.ng ·. · · orSlmllar .. ·of: l;:xistlng Benefits· . §'. If there are existing or similar benefits under 8. .g, . companypollcy, .. practice or CSA providing similar or
'If the women are able to .obtain better ierr:cis and conditions .through_.·.negotja.tions 9r , voldnta(Y. grant. than what are .Pr'ovided·therein, .. the sameerenot ·. prohibited (/RR of the Labor Cod_e, Book, I/J, RµJe X/J,. . Sec._ 12).... . . . ., . ART.ICU: 131'::MATiRNiiY'·LEAV,E 13EN°t;F.IT$ · · Maternity leavEt under- .(he~:S·$S,-.l..aW·.(Refef'to:tne-:
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:(· equal benefits to what is mandated by law.jhe same. ;.:.:. shall" be: considered . a;;; compliance; unless the -cornpany policy, . practice or CBA · .. provides ~· otherwise. : . :·. ' . . . '
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the 'company ·policy, · practice . or CBA provides lesser benefits'. the cornpany.sfrall grant the ditference. · ·
No: 8282))... ·. ·... . . I . . . . • · . . . . . . jf'. · · . · . /'-) 'ARTiCLE '132: :FAMl~Y. PLANNl~G SERVlCES; :-'i< Mote liberal exi$\i~g or similar benefits cannot)~r(~i(,. iN'GENT)VE~· ·. : .; .... · · ' .. · .. · .· .. ', withdrawn o.~ ~edµced .by reaso!') Of the manda}e, .of:.<·.'.'.;\ :Employers who .hat:Jitually- empJoy more than. 200 RA 9Z1Q. ", ::· -, -. · . · .. · .. · · '·· .\'f"r. ·::.~~,1; worke;s in i;ll'.IY Jo~ality,''.shall' .provide fr-!=le fl:l".)1ily·:;j. . . · . .· · .. · ·. . . . :, 5J I: · / ·: '.L·P.li,frming· .~~rvices ·'id. t.h~ir, em.ployees ·. anq. their. :f' :.. Note:."'Sini}l~r or equal-.b~l:Jefits" refers to,_:!¢aJ~.'·;'I,1::;:::..5"p'8u~~9P·shali inclup~/but, not·IJ!Tiited tc\the · ·b'enefits wh1c.h are of the.same nature -~n:!,1Jarpo$e;.-,H applicatior.i. s(c}u.se·of.contra_c~.pi1ve...pills· c;1nd ·.intra. as. that of. the St!3"(D. 0. No. 11_2-A, 9·e(nes of 201 ?,,c,\.-.J•t · uterine ·de.~·ctf,,~\. Code,. .Book /II, . . . \' . f 'v-t . .. (!RR ·9f'the • Labor . Sec.10) .. · ·. . _ · .... : · · ·. )}...,{'-:.:.~ j ·ir:l' _Rule-Xll,.rc11
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. . . . . CONDITIONS .,; · ·.· ' . :-'0.':'°$PEC!A~.--::t'~.{ : f\~ · ..) ::/'. . -· J~,)~A~fSl"O. fDlscriiiiin'iitiori : against Wci°men: :'(P.WC..il.(;'jM~°1~") · . ,: : · .... , .'. . '. . ·. ·> · . . . .
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cornpens.ation,_to a·fe.fl'1?!e. ~1Tfplox1:e _as- ~~~tnst. . · .. ;~ ·. .. ·· · · . . .. .2., Discriqiination.'ii'! Wor.k ·o'pp.ortl)nity.-. favqririg a. · ARTICLI:' 1·30:. FACILITIES FOR. WO IVIEN: . · male :empl,oyet;i.. ov~r a 'fem~l.e;;eiJ)Ploy.~E!,. VJi.th. • · .. Tlie··secretary of Labormay :req.uir.e employers to:· .· .respect' ,tp pror:riqtiofl,'.. as~gf.l,:O!:!nt,.:.tr~.risfer;_..· · (STAN) : ' . . . .. tl'c!ining OPP,O,q.UAitie:s •. : S,u~y :·.ai;id .. scrolarship . ..,-: ·1· .... provide .§~c'!1S p~ope~:for .women·.}_nd _per~rt:· grants.solely'pt:i accm.i.n~of.their se)(e~ ..{LAl;!QR ·~, · · ·...them tci use the·seats when .they are free from. ·.. CODE, Art.13;3);· .. ~ · . · · . - ·... work' br during offfoe 'hours .·proyided- the 'quality : : . 3: . §en~er-bcised.· dis!inction:, :' exclusion, 'or : . · of the work ·will not be. COl1)P.r.<'>m,ised;· .. · :· ., ·: . · ' restriction which. has the effect or purpase of 2.: ·~stablish Separate Joilet topms. and. l.avatw1es .. .irf)pairlng ' or· rJUllif'yihg. the: · reco.9.nition;. · , for men and· women . anp .provide· ~t least a . enjoyment, or .exereis¢ by womel'),:Jrre~pective .. . dress'ing rool")1 forwomen; ... ·. . ·,. . ... . of their marital 'status. on ·a basis .of equality of .3_. -.,Dete.rmlne·:appropri~tia::riJinlmum ~ge ~nd other.. ··m~n .and . w.omen, of ...human rights= and · · standards for' retirement or term inati<:m in ~pe,cial · . fundamental freedoms ·in th~ pojitjca1; economic, oqcupations such. as. tho.~e. of. )li~ht' ~ttend.a~~s "' social: cultural. civil· o.r any ot):ier. fi,eld;: . . . .. ·.. .iind th._e like; aod · .' . ·. .· . 4. Any ~ct or omission, if1cluding. by law, P91.icy, : ·A. Establil;ih .a:
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5:. A Measure or practice of general application that · fails to provide-· .for mechanisms to offset or · address sex or gender-b~sed ·disadvantages or limitations of women. as a result of.which women are denied or restricted in the 'i:ecognition and · protection of their rights an_d. .ifl 11:ieir. ~ccess to and. ·:enjoyment of opportunities; benefits, or . privileg·es; or -WOm(;lrr,· more 'than. r:n.en, are·. shown .to have .. suffered Hie. greater adve.rse effects'of t1:i·ose measu_res or practices; and · · . 6,° Discrimination .£ompounded by or intersectin'g_.· with' other grounds,· status. or pondition'. such···crs ethnicity; age, poverty'Or religion (R.A'.No. 9710,..4(b)) .. , '. . .
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Bon·a . Fide Occupational Qualification Rule (BF0Q) . . . . . . ·. If it,e . employer can prove that the reasonable dem~i°nd.sof t!'le bu~iness requi~e a distinc~iori baseq ·on·marital status·and there ls no better availabh:1 or acceptable policy Which woulc;t better ac~orriplist, the bi.Jsjness pwpose (Star Paper Corp~ v. Simbol, G.R. No. 164774,.April 12._2()06). ' ·
: Requtsltes of.BFOQ . . To justify abona fide occupational qualiflcetton; the employer must provetwo factors: .: . . ..... ' ' . . ·1. · · .That the '.eniployrri~nt qualiflcation is reasonably. . · related to· the essential operation 'of the job lnvolved: and. · . . · · · · . · · . . . .' .. :Weight Standard~ of Airline Companies . 2: -Thatthere is a-factual basts for believlnq .that ail An 'employee may be dismissed the moment he is·. or substanttally . all persons :i;neeting the unable. to comply with his ideal weight as prescrlbed: . ----·qualjfioatio,:i. _yvciuld .. be . unable to properly by the. weight. standards since this 'serve·s 9S .-.,,~~~~-pertorin the duties ot the job (Star Paper Corp. · continuing qualiflcation for .his position. ~pjlu~'fo.1f ~-~~iJ!!.bol,G.R. No. 164774, April 12, ?006). _ meet this qualifying standard is a gro~(nha,'t:3:f5=11ls \.__.,.. t 'i.l }'..; ;;.'~, · -· - .- ·. . · . . under Art. 282 (now Art, .2f!7), par.1Efettl'rf;! J::'~~f.:.:-=::':::::.-.:8~TJ~Lli 1)S!'-~ROHIBITEP·ACTS ·. Code (Yr?suegui v. Philippine·Afrf{f!ep;/n~~$.,ff.'1ifo.. . · P-rb~fiia;,_i~,tf Against · vyomen Worker.s: 168081, October 17, 2008). · . f .~/") J - · '!!."\) 1(. "'M' To a1s~,a_rnf~"¥woman employed by him for Qualifying standards are riofms'1h,a,t,app1/prior to . .al ·the \urpMel""'of ..!:!~eventing such woman from and.'after_ an employee is hi·r;~~:Tlr~f app_ll'prior to enJoWng t~,~~~rr.i_ity.le~ve,facilities and other empfpyment because these ;~rfjt:Tef(~tandatcls'1:ljo6....e."F.¥; -oo-r1E1fits.pro\ic{&d~~-derthe Code; · _.. applicant - must· initially_-. nl': E;?"Eib_~~ · orq.e\ to-1;1Je-_..r J1~L~~1"o 1~ch$r~lf~"w'qMatie~ploye!:l on acco~nt ?f hired . .Th«::Y apply after hirin · be.p.a~se an e ploY.~:e.m.fa-fuw'll'~·her ,,e..,!;~gn_aJlCY1-~Qr . wh 1_le. on leave · or m. :"lu~t continue to mee! t~e.s sfara1(l~rd~w. on·tne :=:_ -~ · _ c~~1!'~wen~~.ue~bJier:pregnancy; . : Job in order to keep-his Job (.\Yt;?stip~w \?. p~net!t!f. · ,~ T;rD~.O.Yan:{woma,ei the benefits of employment Airlines, tnc., G.R. No, 16808.;J\.,bctober ir'.;,~l;ler~t~tu_to)f.,}b?nefits ~ndet ~tJe law~ by. . .· . · \ . --~. ·. IJ'·~·<.: . _an _o~~e~ ~e~f.age, eth_rnc_ong·in or bel~e!s, . ARTICLE 134: . · STIPUL~TIO~\~ AG~~.,~-x.o reJat~<1ns;.e1_tl;),~r by affinity or consanguinity MARRIAGE . ,· .. ~--~ · . ~'(y~~?-(\j>i.,(lA?¢'R(?ODEff\rt. 135); . · · . . It shall be unlawful for an en;ipJoy}r,·{Cose,~ .. ~-::lYdis'c.t)arg~or.refuse ·the admis.sion ·of ~1. T_o ,:equi~e as a Con~ition fo~pJ~iii)~r"'~~.,..,,lt(<:l~!)~f?.O!,! returning'to her'work for.fear.that · contmuat,on of. employment -that~a w.Jtan_ ·1·fi!S·stJ.~·:f'!)~-fb~pregnant;. . .. ·. . . . · emP,loyee ~hall not g~t r:rfarried;' · · . ~~lV !.5:_~"'dischargeany ~oman ot child or ~r1y other 2;_ .. To .§tipulate ei.<pressly;or tacitly1h_atuP.on-g_etting""'~~-·employ.ee fo.r having_filed a complaint o~ having married· a · wo.man !':}m p_loyee _s!,all. be: dee-meq · ·· . . . . · testified -or l:ieing'.a boufto-testify µnaer the Code; .. ·resigned or_sepa"rated; and. . .. . . . . . . _.·. . and. .·... : . •. . . . ' ... : ·.. . ' .. .·. · 3.- · To .Jicfually dismis·s. ·discharge, -discriminate or . 6. · To J3eq'uire- as a condition for a contin~ation of otherwise p_rejudice a womarr employee-mi:lrely . . . . .. employi'rlent that a. woman emJ::iloyee ,.shall 80t by ..reason·.of her ·marriage~ (LABOR CObE; 'Art. • . . get miirried -or··to .stipulate· that ··upon gettfr1g·. 13'4). · ·. . . . . . . marr.ied, · she sbali. be· deemed .-resigned separated (JRRof the t.ABOR CODE, Book Ill, No~Spouse 'EmplQymen~P·olicy·.. · : : . : .. . : Ru1e XII, ~ec: f3J .. ' -~ : . ·. . . . . ·j :_ . ~olicy bai)nrri'g ~>nly spo1,1ses. from: wbr_king in the . .- .. same c·ompany.· . . . .. . ·.. . . 'Note: The.. e~ployee"/iaifure;o forrri~1iy: into;m:: 2. May not facially violpte _Article 136'.of the babo·r: , empipyer-of her pregni;in¢y Carinot be cons.idered_as . · Code but it ere.ates·a disproportionc:1te effe~t and . grav.e m_isCOr)dU<:;t <:Jirectly connected fo. 1-Jer Work as the or:ily way it co.Lild .pass ]uditlaf scrutinyds · a . to const.it1,1te- jul?t cause .of .her· s~paration (l.:.akpue ·showing ·that it is . reasQnable . d~spite- ·u:ie · .. Drug~"lnc.·:v .. Befga; G.R. No. 16$:J79;_ October 20,·2065) .... discriminatory · albeit _ disprop_ortionate . effect ·. (Star Paper Cqrp. v. Simbol, G.R. No_. 16477.4, April f2,,2006). . . ·
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3. . W,hen a Measwe or practice of general application fails to provide ·for meehantsms to offset or . address sex · or gel')de·r-bas!=3d · disadvantages or. limitation's of wom.en, . or · women, more than· meh, are shown- to nave. suffered the greafer adverse effects of_ those measures or practices; and . . 4. Discrimination Intersecting witti' or compounded by other grounds, status, or, conditlon, such ethnicity. ag\3, poverty, or religion (R.A' 9710, Sec.'.4(b)): -
ARTICLE 136: CLASSIFICATION. OF CERTAIN WOMEN WORKERS : .. ,
Any· woman who is permitted·to work or suffered to y,,ork, with or without compensation, in . any night. club, _coektail·lounge, -massaqe clinic, bar-or .similar · establishment, 'under -. the effec.tive.· control or · .supervlsion of the employer for a-substantial period · · of time. as determined by the· Secretary'of ·Labor,··. · shall be- considered . as an . employee of such · astabllshment for · purposes of labor . and . soclal ·.. legisl;3tion (LABOR,CODE, Art. 13(;).:. ·.·· .. ·.
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Definition of Terms . . . ., Marginalized tefeFS -to· th·e basic, disadvantaqedcr' vulnerable' persons or _groups, Who are m9st)y livjrig in poverty and have .l!ttle or no.access \P land and: .. ' other resources, ·basic·social and economic services· ' .·. · M.agna ·carta of Women.· is- a comprehensive 'such as health care, education.water and sanitation, . ?~- .wornen's human rig!lts .law that seeks to e,llminate -. ·_eniJ?lc>yment_.:and liveli~ood_ opp_ortuni~i~s. _f:lo~sirig, · · ·· ·. discrlmlnation against _.women _by recognizing, . · ~ fOc~al :_ security, physical infrastructure, and t~e. . p~~t~ctlng,·_ fulfillirig an~ pro~otin~. the ri~hts.pp_~!{ · Justice system (R.A No. 9710, _Sec. 4(d)). : -Flliplno w_omeri.,. especially those ~.n_ marg11Jalj~~
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· Polley of the State. (D~ .PA_) . 1. _Q.evelop pla~s,._,Pohc1es, prog~a~s,~me.asure~;·;-..;-J 3. · _WorkerJ'l'.f~the l)'lformc1I Economy; . and mechanism~. to address .d1scr,lr~Jrit1on a~ ~'> . 4 ·. Migrar:rt-~o'rkers· . . : ·lnequalitr in the ~conornic, PO.!~i5~~. s~.;9.€'if-~hd ~-sl. Yoi:ittl. ~ \' ' · · .. , . . cultural tife.ofwomen-and roeJn~. ~'"'~ ,. · ~.1\, 6 'Mor:'<'. ·ii - t.. 2. gn~u_re·the su_bstantive ego~ty Q~w9r:nen- ~ti~~ 7 .. ... m~n;_ . · , · : · ~- --~..!-~ · .~S : se"ntirG1tit;;;:-!i}P ·. 3.. !;nsuce equal· access _to {~~o~;-~~if,aq_~"j~. 9.· _§olrf'af~ntsf~·. . .. · , d~velopment r.e_sults an.1.Clutco~~jf V\_ t,' ·. '-. 10. Indigenous Peoples;, . 4. ~romote empo~~erm.en~of -wo~_an~;,pursue ·. :,-;.~fu~ildren;. . . . ·. . . .., . equ;3I o~portu~1ties for w~meri,, j___;,,,,.p. · -<~~:.,,/''1if~~-u,sh~."!.5>lk; and · . : . ,; . -5. ~~rm th~ role ofwom.en.1r nat1on-,a;111dm~:1-(0F--·---~13-:-'tSis~oled person (/RR of R.A. No. 97.10,. Sec. ,,.,..· 6. -Abolish· ttie · u·nequal structural? ~d -prrftices · · l(o)) . · . · · · · that _pe~petl,Jate 'dis?rim1nation an'~~~lities . .. . . . . . (: (R:A {Vo: 9710,.Sec.·2):, ·. . . W9me~: -E°~p~wernJ&nt . /~roviae~' . provision. ·
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Principle~·of Human R\ghts ·of Women (UP)
·. !:~\~~~'.ty~n::!se~~~~!i~~~\u~fa/ii:~u~g~;~ . «:?nab le. y.,o_men to. ~ctively-participate. arid cor:iJribute · . 'If' ' 1. · Universai arid inalie.nable; ·. . . . , ·· . , to- the·· poljtical,- ~coil.omicJ social,.· ·and. cultural i'. · 2. !odivisible; . : · · :· . · , ' pevelopment.'of the nation as well -as ·those- which · 3. !hheren.t to the dignity ot,.eve'ry human :beirig: ·. ·. shan provide equal acce.ss. Jo ownership,. and : . . .. . . , . . ·management, and · control_ of production; and of · '!nte"rdependerit.and int~rrel!3ted (R.A.No. 971 (), . material:anc! infortnation~I resourc.es-ani:fbenefits·in·· Sec:3). . • . .. Jhe fami!y; comm.unity,.arid socie.ty (R.A No. 9710, ·. , •. ,' ' . · · sec: 4(a)). . . . '. . . . . . . . . . . . Dis.·cri,minati-on ilgalnst_ Wom~n~ (G.AMJ). · · .. .. .Substantive : Equality.· is . tiie . full - ·and·. equal · 1. Any . §ender-bas'ed· distinction;. l3Xclusion., or .... · -enjoymentof r:ights· and freedorns.dt enc;;ompasses · · .. _.. f'.0$triction wf:lich impairs.the e'xerc.lse by-women .aejare arid· _d9 fa.~to 'equalhy .a~d also· equality·.in. ' . ' of hl:!m'an rights and fundamental freede>ms; outcomes _(R.A. No. 971.0; Sec. 4(e)). · · · -2. Ani.tict· or .omission, ·inclu9ing by law, poli~y. . .. .. . adminis.tr:ative measure, or practice, that directlyGender···Equality is·. the' . princlple. a~sE1rting ·:~hr_·.·· . ' -or indirectly excfu'des or restricts women in th~ . ' ', equality of men and women and their right to, 0;~0r;-.'.' recognition ari'd ··proinotioi:i. of their rights a'nd . · eq'ual conditions. and contri~l,lting to and t;>el'l.e ~~~,i-__j; : their _a'cce_ss to .and enjoY,ment of ·oppor:tun'ities, . from the results ofdevelopment (R.A: No'. 9_710,_ .·i:/.}'~i.; benefits, ·or _privile_g_es; ..
. . Human rights are:
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.. SAf!I BED/i LAW CENTRAOZEDUAR OPERATIONS- "1EMOR,YAID 20.19.
Gender Equity .·fnclud~s polldes,. instruments, . . National°· Commission on the Role of F°ilipino · programs, services, and actions that address .tne .. Wo_men (NCRFW),. r~named. as · the Philippine disadvantaged position of women in society by. . 'Commission on Women·· (P.CW), is th~ primary providing prererentlal' treatment and affirmative. policy-making and coordinating body of. the _women · . action (R..A. Na. _9710, Sec .. 4(g))... · · · and gender equality concerns under.the Office of the . Pr~sident. Ttie POW shail'be"the overall monitoring Gend~r aild···oev~iopment (GAD) refers. to th~ : body arid oversiqhtto ensure theimplernentatlcn of development perspective -~~JI. process _th~t · is .. · theMaqnaCarta forWomen (R.A.-.No: 9710, See. 'participatory and empowerinq, . equltable, · 38): · · · sustalnable, free from violence, respectful .of human ·: .. . . . .. rights, . and · supportive. of. self-determination and . · ... Human ,Rights of Women .. ; . . . · . . · . ·. · ,. · aclualization ·of human potentials (/RR of R.A. No. . All r.ights in the Constitution and under lnternatlonal ., . 971p, S~c. 7(h)).. : . ·. ' · ·. · · inS:~~u.~ents.. _d\JIY .. _signed.: and '_rat!fied by ·. t~e. · ; · · · · · ·· . ·. Philippines (R.A. N_o, 9710, Sec. 8)... . .: G"ender: Mairiiitreaming ts a strategy .fo.r making .,. . . women's . as . well ·. as men'a.. conce_m~ :and EconoiTli~ R.ig':lts: .(Si-:{El..f=~W},· .,._ , . , . · · · · · ~xper!e-!lces an· integral dlrnension of .the.·d~sigr:i. . 1.·. ·Social Protection (R.A. No. 9710, -Sec. 27); · . im~l~m¢n"t.:,ition, ·. mo_~i~onng;· _a_~d .-.evaluaJi?n . of . 2.· Righi. 10 · t.ocatlzed, .Accesslble, Secure· _and . . polt?1es and pr.ogram_s rn ail polltlcal, econorruc•. and ,...,.;._;"---=~"=-· AffordableJ:!ousing (R.A. No:.9710, Sec. 21);: _ . societal .spberes so that women and. men.J.1-~efif' 17 J. :'Rigbt to Education and .. Training for Migrant equ~!y; :and· _-inequality is· not perpetu;..~~ea:f~,:'A. \J~MJrk)):~R.A:No. 9-710, Sec. ·.24); . . . .. . ~'.10, $~c. 4(i)}. : . ... . ·. ~~h~ J.o~ivelih~qd, .Credit,· ca.pitaJ ·. ·and ·· .. ·· · · f t :1;;..11- . , ./. ..,rth t · "f~cJ-friolqg.'y.]R.A. No. 97-10, Sec. 23), . . Affirmative ~ct_ion re ers .o-. ~l.1>.~t~Y.1aGJton ..,.,.;..-~'&.--......J:oo'c!:.seBtirii~eind Productive Resources. {R.A. .. favors marg1nal1zed . groups , 11y sr.oli:as · . w· ~0~,gjf{( S.~2fV:.. · ·. . . · · · . . . . J . w~me:n.: . ·· , . , j ... k-D) ·. Ai~ }~ RigtV, td W~rk _(R.A. No. 9710, ~ec. 22). · Note: It is -a special measure~/~~ it i$li1o.t cq~~~9 ,.,. t · .. \ <_l('f~ · . · ·1 · discriminatory since · it · ail'.n~;:to1~cc~l1f~te..J.t\.~ 111;1aJIBr:11l(PR)· · · - . attainn,~rit"·,o~ ·equality _of_"iorii'el;i Th'e -~Vir~'at~e ·. c;_,1~r?trct1on_ (f::'.~: No._ 9!10, Sec'. action must be discqntinuect ~.l;J,n~he ob ~tives, :. . ,. ::..vJJq. 1,3 9), .f., ...... · t,,--= ~ 11,;. • · - · • _.. , eqt.Jal(.ty." of opport~nity }mci t'f:e·atf\:ien(i,. }\..._)?e:e_r11-. .., 2._ · P~!&1P~tlon1,~nq: k.!Sepresen~~t1~n. _(R.f*. No. achieved (IRR.'?f R.A. Nb. 9l1P,~'$Jl "?{: ff'}.\!,,;·_.:- 1£{. ' .J.;.f~ -P)~J/: :. .. · . . . _: . . \"""°' ,, c~~/~7 .; · 1¥ ·, •. .. Tempor.ary Special Measure~·var_ie.t\ of le~i8 i' -~~o'oJ,.a}l~~g~IJU~nts;,~P4TA-S3.HI)... .· ~x~utive,. ··admi_r1isqatiye, ••·· an'd \ re_gil~~,~~~6tecjJ9.n.JrpJ'f!~trol~n.ce (R.A. -No_. 9710,:Sec._instaj.men~s. ·polici!')S, and p ctices ~c![l'.lf:JQ.._~~,~);/.._· .-·j . .· . . · · . : atcel~r.ati~g. this· de fac_to·· _eq!-Ja ity _ofj>'.6mi~ir-i"'-:--d~~~c,e\~9. t)~v~lo_pme_nt. (R.A. ':"o. 9710, Sec. specific areas. · · : -~ ·-~(9A ~=-~9("'\,")·,..:1;1'· · :· · ·· · · · .·. · · · · ·. · ·· · · ·.. :··,lt-· ·VI -~ If foi~dtepJiori.of..Girl--:fhifdr~n- against all_forms of Note': The .-me~sures ."shall be·. abolisr:i'ed,•.,.Q'n9e -1_-V'.L, <:.: J;!iseriminatjon .·· iQ. Eduocjtion, Heafth and. ~ egualitY is achi"eved· (!RR· of _R.A. No. · 971 O,~c!:"-'"""""~"""""N.utr1~i6n,· and Skills· · DE!velopm_imt .(R.A. · No... 7(v)).· · .. · · · .. .. 9710;-Sec:·JZ);·. . . .... -:.-. · :.. . . . . . ' ' • · · . ·4 .. Erotection of Women_.Sen_lor Citizens.. (R.A. No: : Wo~en'_in.·the Military; .Pol_ice.. ?nd ()th~r Slmlla·r·." · 9710,'Sec. 33}; ·· ... ,. . ·. · $~rv.ice~-refersJo:wom~n. · ernpl.oyed_ in. the milit?lry, . 5. Equal"!reat_mentbefate the Law.(R.A. No 971 O, b9th in·t11e·rnajor anq·te~hnic~v~·ervices .• who_are .. ·· -. ·Sec .. 12);: ._..:. :" _'.. :· : .. : . .. : .. · . · . ·.perfor(TliJJg, ce>mbat ~ind/or . i:ion,co.rnbal_ functf~ns, 6. Equal ,8eces~-and Elimination of Discriminc;itiori .1· prov_i~ii1g· security to t!=Je _State, .ar:id protecting tt)e . · -· in Educatibn, $cholarsh!ps and. Training. (R.A. · ._pebple from va·rious forms of th_r,eat:,"lt also Jn9ludes · No>97.1 13); , · ·, · . : wom~n. ti.aiiiees i1fall military tr.aining in$titµtlo_ns.· 7.. ~pecial _leave Benefits (R.A_."No: f.")110, Sec . . · . _(JR.R Fj.°A.: No. 9-7-10,. Sec.: 7(~)).. .. •. -:. . 18)\· · . .· . · · · ·. ·, .. · a.' "§02~1 Protectiqn (RA .. No .. 9710;_ $ec.. 27); .·. · · VVo~"e'n.. 1~ .t;s"p.eci·.illy -·:Oiffi.~ult. Circ'lim~t"ances' . 9 .. Right to'.§el'vices an_d· Jntervent!on.s fo(:VV~men · . . (WEDC) .. are "\iictjms · and· s1,.1rvivqrs of sexual ~met ·.. in ·Especially Pifficult Circumstances or WEDC .• · ·. ·: pfiysical ab"usel". illegal. recl'l!ilmen"t. . pros~iulio"n, .. . (R.A No. 9710,-Sec. 31),, · . • · . trafficking, ..armed· ~oiiflict, womerj in detention; 1.0:: Right to.!:!.ealth·°{R.A No. .9.°710, Sec:. -17); and victims and survivors.of ~pe and' incest, and ·such 1 1. Righfto lnfoir'ria~ion (RA- No .. 971o, Sec. 26t . other>. related·· circ.umstances. Which . hc;!VE! . "incapacit~led·them fun_ctionally (f:?.A. No. 9710, Sec. 33) ..
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. S~Ec.·1AL·GR-OOPS· ,· -. SAN 8£0~ "I.AW CENTRAL(ZE.DBAR OPERATIONS - MEMORY i4JD 2019.
'ii }.:Rights of Women in the Marginallzed·Sect~rs:
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1. . Women in Development and Nation Buildinq Act
(R.A No. 1192); · . . 2. · ~pecial. Protection of. Children Against Child · Abuse, Exploitation and Dlscrirnination Act"(R.A. No. 7610); . . 3. . Aflti-Sei
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· political, social, and economic rights ·• recognized, prornoted.iand protected under' existinq 1aws.are.nereby_.gu_aranteed ir)Cl~din9 the rights to: ·. 1: Recognition and preservation ot,_g_ultural identity . and integrlty _not discslmlnatory ·to women (R.A. .. No. 9710, Sec. 28); and · .. . · 2. _Bepre-ser\ta!ion and .. participation ·in·· policy. . · making. or decislon-makinq bodies (R.A. No. .. ·. · 97_10, s'ec. 25). . · ·. · · · ·
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Anti-Rape Law of 199-7 (R.A. No. 8353); Rape Victim As:slstance and Protection Act of 199B.(R:A.'No . .Bp05); · . . 6. ·. Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003 (R.A. No. 9208); and · · · · 7. Apt_i-Viole()cef.,:Agains_t ·.:worrien- and . Their· .Ctiildre~ 'Acfof 2004 (n»: No .. 9262)(R.A: -No. 4. 5.
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of the rl;Jles: -~nd. regulatipns ·-97UJ_;-Seo. 4_1); • · · · includes: · . . . . . . , 1 .. All concerned National" Government Agencies · .· :::(NGAs),. Bodies, Instrumentalities, .lncludinq ' : If_ violeh:c~ has 'been proven \o be perpefratedby . . ·GO.CCs.; . . . , agents· of the State including; but not limited to, ,2.· -Private Ehtities (PE); · ·. . . extrajudicial killinqs, enforced disappearances, -3 ... Local gqvernmeht' units (LGUs); · · · . ,.. ...-.;;,· . torture, .>and internal displacements, such shall be 4. · Private and state .Urilversitles . and · Colreg"M:',::;~?. considered aggravating offenses with corresponding . (S-U~s), al'fd_~rN~te and p~blfcScho?ls; anf~;,f~/~\. penalties d_ependi~g on the severity·of·the off(:!nses_ (: · 5. Equ11(alern.~n1t_s Autonomous Region: (lfi.R ?,fR.A. No. 9710, S~c. 42(5))._ · . . ": . (!RR ot R.A. No. 9710, Sec. 4),. ~l l~H'~:· ~·r.;::-~~- . ~,.,_ · . ,·. · - Implementation
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·Primary [;)uty .of the .~t._it~ ih Rel~tl~!J.:)J,;'1%man~f(r-. "-~~/~. . · · .: . . · ;.~. Rights of Women: · . ·. · ('T _ !.W, . ANTij,;w:~xuA:i ~ARASSMENT }·· Tt1e-~tate'. as .the pr_im_~l)'.-_du~y-Qear~r.{*-.!1a!f:: Mcli--'(R..A~ No. 78-7.7) .' . 1._. -~-efra_!n.tt.of"!'! .d~s~rrn11-':ratm9)aga1.r..§t· vi.?lPe.fi:a~_d. 'ff . fi. . " · · · .. . ~, . , . violating their rights;. . ·. '~k'. . \j: \ .. ., ,•. ·, 2:· Protect.women.against tj1~.<.Q.f1110a~,g_?,-apdfrop-;r~. !:'"' Oeclar ....!.~.J?f.Pol1_c_y. . . · · ~-:_.. . · · viol_a_t~on ,of ~e~r _rights bY~privat.e:c_grp.'QratlQ.@.~{·. i,,~-~ . T~.e . . :entit,es ancj_md1_v1duqlS; anc!,,; t~i,~. · cl!i~.~ : .. 1. 'Value-.:tl:lli.:.Q1grnty ot·every md1V1dual; . . . . ,~. · .. 3. Promot~ and 'fulfil the righ~o{::..,-4.'om;e~ ·i.n ~Ii ·._- 1\1 . 2.- ·.. Upholg the· QJg_nity_ of workers, emplqyees, :} spheres,· il')qhJ'ding· their··rights;\t9 · sti~tariti~e p:7¥-...:···i~pplicantsfor emp!oyll)ent: _students:_or 'those 't}. . · equality ~nd non,<1isci'ii')'lination ·(~:4--t'J.o{ g:f!,0.~~~':''t::"~~:~\-gr:t~d~~!-9~i~~ t~fr:iirig, i_nstruction or'e~ucati"on. · \ · . : · Sec: 5)-, . .· · ·. · ·. .. . , ·.. 1:(. . . faf},-,.-·..-,~L_~:...'t.l;'nhanc_e. the ~e:'elopment of' _. ,ts .!:!.u,ma~ . , · · · · · · ··· · · · · t..iA · · • · f'f\i · '· .- · .- . resources, and · . . . · . . · Spe,cifjc Res.ponsibiliUes.'pf t~e. Gov~~~t .. .. . .4. Guarc1ntee-full.respect.for .!:!.urrian fights. . . _.-, The Magna Carta of WornE;?n ·mandates; ·.. · . . . . . ·. · · :·., .. .• · • • 1 ·-rhe·, adoption of· g·~nde~ mairistrEfoming· as' a Note: All· f9rms :of. ·sexual h~rassment in ttie ··strategy for im.plement)ng· the:lc1w and attaining employm~nt, education. Qr training envirorimert-c!_re its obj~dives-; · .-. :· · · ... _,, hereby deqlarichinlawtul (R.A.-No>-7.fJT'r, Sec. 2)..: 2. T-Jie· · planning,' ·budgeting,. monitoring · a.nd · . · .· . . , :·. · . .. evc!h..lation for gender and deyelopm.ent;_ · · · , : WhQ. M~y· commit,:ffl~·ME2-ACT~-AIMD) . ~- The creation and/bl" strengthening "of gender ~nd . . 1-:'" Teacher;· . . . · .. developmen.tfocar po in.ts-;. and. . ·.. · ·. · 2 .. ~ instructor;· 4.: .-The g'enefratio.n and m
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12. Any person who Q.ire.cts or induces another to , -comrnit any act of.sexual harassment -as herein defined, or who cooperates in· the commission thereof by another, without which. it .would not have been committed, shall also be. held liable . 'under this Act (R.A. No. 787_7;_Sec. 3).
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Gravamen of the Offense . The gr.av.amen· of the offense in· sexual .hara~sment · · js not. the.vlolatton ·of the· employee's, sexuality but the abuse of power by-, the employer. Any employee, . male. or..female, n;iay rigtitfully cry "foul" provided the . 'claim: is well -substantiafed (PH ...Aeolus AiJtom9tive· Unitecl ·Corp. v, NLRC; .G.R. No.. 1'?4617;-~pril 28, . 2000).. ', . : · ··.· . .. · .·· · ..
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In an educatloh or training environment, sexual harassment iscorrirnltted: (CEC-iHO) · . a. Against one who is uncter..the.,£are, custody or supervision of the offender; ... b. Against· one. whose · ·gducation, training, · apprenticeship-or tutor.ship is entrusted to . . the oftender; . C, When· the sexual·.favor is made. a ~onqition ·. · to the §lying of a. passing grade, or the : granting honors and scholarshlps; or the .. payment of a stipend, 'allowance.. or other .benefits, privileges or considerations; and · d. When- the sexual . advances . result. in . · !ntimidatfng,: a . .!::!9,stile . · ,oF · QffenSiVe. : environment for the result, . · trainee· "or .. "apprentice · (I HO) . (R.A No. 787.?,-. Sec .. 3; . par. (b)). ·· ·
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Wh~n,.Sexuai Hai'assme~t·Punisha~le/ (WET) f · Work-related;· ·: '. ·.- .· . · · · .. 2 ... · .sd~.~~tiolli--(ela.ted; .and ·. . . . """"==::._Note: Any ~erso.n who ~ire.cts:or induces another or 3. .Iramtng-,refa!ed (R.A. No. 7877, :3_ec3~~s- ii' ~er:&tesin ~t-le cernrmssion of sexual harassment · · · . • · . . ' ~;, ,-?·. ·· ~· · ~ · . ~{tfoqj-ii~Qit would not be committed, shall also How Committed· · · ./.__ ' _,,be,·' ~u ,....., 1·IJl.O!ft ~bl '-YDA · · . • • ',1< ,-.. -~· · ---=·=--== ·!'!.~· • No. 7877 . , Sec: 3''1• .: Demands, requests or . otherwist}~.r~qu~e~;~f'iy-. · ·""'~~ fv · sexual fa~orfrom the othe~ .regar~lis~pt}1~fner~J-,~~~~E>ucy.,;_~f'tq_~<(tnpl~\er ~r .~ead ~f Office ~ Workdema,:id, re9uest o~ requir~~~.f-H~r ~9J:Sml,5Slon is . "iP .g91atecf:,· ~~~ctt~n or Training Environment: a9cepted by the obJeraJ. ·.or writtej·.state eht._Jtl~mayp\i\m:rr.L:li.1Pt\ .. ~ex; ·~ ,·- '. di . · . .· 'ct 'th· • i..."""'t·"i;~ tti< ·, t:<,i. ~4-Ji. .. ,;z-:.2_';2.· Pro t1,~;th01. pro~f)ldures for the Fesolubon, d .1sceme , w1 equa 1 .ce ue, , ..., ~~ .......u....i.ue· . . · 1• · f f I 910~? t /I . offe'nder. It ·is enough thatforer.:e;pon" €~' ~ °'<>i:)nor.\C!') ,·~. S.7'7~ n. _pi:,.,,pr.o~e~u1-ion O ' acI s O sex,ua · • · • · · ·~1~···· •· ~ ~" '"1ii... .~,.·~~1ffissmerit·'-'JI · · result In creating anintimida.li~g, hoslile o. reo~''v~~ e'(,,~!..,/~'.:~ ~· · ~~( 'i ·d , r ·· ·environment for the employe~tbomi~~v. ..U 19~ appri~ ia 1~~es an . regu 1a 1o~s in G.R. .,Vo. 155831.·Febru'a.ry 1aidooar· · : . ~o~sul~~tlon w1t_p. ':i!'ld. JOl~U~ a.pproved by th~. · ·. · ... ·... · . . • ·. · ! .. : '.. \'.. . : .. , . ~c'•f~\he)n~g.ye~s or P,UdentS Or tr~inees,.th(O?~h t_he1r ... ·'Spe~ific~lly: :_. .'·. ·. · , . • '\.. · }', ·~~~yJ~ .d~.s~n.ateq repre~.entati~es,_pre.scribing the· 1·, In a · w.ork-related ~r,~rfiJildf~$!rtf~.r.:-=-~P(tc~dlj'~/tor the ·11westJgat1on 9_f. sex.~a.1 . · envir~mment, sexual barass1r1ent:is',~r'im.~ted. t, .ca~~s.. and .· thE:.. administrative . "."h~r((CRlm-lHO) -:.. .: . , ~~~;""",;.!~ ;;~~r:iet1o~s_.ttierefpr, :. · .· . . • . . . · .. · a: The sexual fc!-vor JS made· as a·£0.ndihon: . . .~-. p1ssem1!1ate or. post. ij cOl?Y of this. Ac.t for the ·i. . In the hiring:odri the employment;· :; . · 1nf.ormat10A ~fan co~cerned; .an_d , · .. if ·.R~;_·emplo,Ymenr . ·. or , continued 5. ~reat1 ~ .. C~rnm1)tee ... on d~corum.. -an9 .. emplo.yment of said i(1dividuc1f; or: . · . ... ~nvesbgat1on of ca.st=:s.Q[)' s~xual har~s~mentto · : .. :. iii. Jn .. gr_;:mting,··sai<J··· lndividual' favorable· mcr~as~.. underst.andmg ar,id·.pre~~ntlrlc1.~entsof: · · c6mp~risatlon; , terms; . . conqitfons, .. sexual. harassmen~ (R·.~. No, 7.,f:177,S.ftb.. 4), . . . pro.motions·or. privileges. . ,. . . . . .. . . .. .. . .. n-h R f h · If · · ·1 · · · Note: Administrative sanctions shall not.be a bar to b . . ; '• e _e usal t.o granN e sexu;:i .. avorresu ts.· .. prosecution in the.P.rOP·.e.'r.c.ourrs for unlawful ac.ts of ii:'i limiting; $egregatlng or. cl~sslfying· the · .. . employee : wt.iicti·· ilJ . any:· .-way .. wouid. sexual harassrri~nt (R,A:.No. 7877; Sec. .'_4j.' . .. . .. · •.. . . . . discriniiriate, '. ·deprive . or.· . diminish.. . .. . ·. . . . ;· .... ,, . . .. ' . ,. '· ·. : . . . : .. employment' opporturi'iti'es ·or:-. o\herwis1;1 Liabjlity. of: the .Employer· or: H~ad of Office;· . adversely affect said erriploye~;· · . Edocational'or Trai'ning lnstituuo·n. · : · ·.· · , .•. c .. ·.'fhe·· abm.1e · acts· .. woald Impair the $hall .be sp_lidarily lfable for dama.ges ·arising frqrt{=·.. .employee's . .rights· ?Ind pri,.i'ileges und~r. thE1 acts: of sexual harassment'· committed· in the· existin·glabor Jaws; ·and. . · emp!oymE!nt, i~du.catiOl).Or train·ing erlvironinent:ifthe · d. The. above.· acts ·would result in··. an. employer or head:ot:office, educatiori
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Independent Action for Damages Nothing in this Act-shall preclude tne victim of work, education or training-related sexual harassment from instituting a separate · and Independent action .for- da'mages. and other affirmative relief (R.A. No. 7877, Se_c. 6).. . .
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follows; :. . . ·. . · ... 1'. · Wheh~the child is below 18 years· of'.aqe, in a. · work or. economic . activity . that . does ·· not ". constitute child labor; and. . . 2 .. When the child below 1 yearsof age:
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Chlid.··.Labor .is any· work or· 'economic activity . performed by a ct\ild thl=!t. subjects hit:1/her to· any. form of exploitatioh 'ot Is harmful to :his/her-health . and safety or physic·a1,_inental·. or psychosocial· . development_to.o. No. $5-0f,I,. Sec: 3(P)).··· · . ·.
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children a~d enh·a'nce'tliefr:Qpp~rtunitie$ fora useful and happtlife. (~.A N'o;.9231, Sec. 1). . · . ., ·. . 1 Definition ·of Terms . . .. , Chiid is a'i,y p~-~sori'under .18 years of age (D.O. No. 65-04, Seq. 3(a)). '
Any per-son who :vi~l~tes the provisions of this Act · ;: - shall, : upqn · conviction, be · penalized · by imprteortmentof not tess'tban frncnth nor more than. :'. - Six (6) mOnths,.or a fin0 of nortess than P10,000 nor . more · than P20,6oo, · . or both such fine and ,, ·. imprisonment 'at· the discretion of the court (R.A. ;; · ', 7877, S~c. 7). · ·- ·. . · . · ·
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· . · ·. · · · ·y'.,_ 1-1 · artistic:· litfr~r9it· 'an·d ·cultural·. performances ·tor AR!ICLE 137: MINIMUM_ l:MP~OY jd televisionjst:i,?~.radio progra':11, cinema ,.or film, i The-niinimurn employa\:)le age;Js::.1-5' yee,~:~age,. ,;:~ . theater; 6om1JT1er&a1· advertisement, public relations fv., ~ubject only,o exceptions (Ll}.~0B CO.@.£;/ Art. 137r.A, activitiel or·c~ir1p~Jgns·,.'print,materi~ls, internet and !(_'-// <-::z..:~:J~~ .. -~ .0 .}) .othei:~1-1~i~~(q:~(&o: 6p-04, Sec.,3(nJ)).. NC?t.e: The law·governing the e~plo'y~~~V.of mil).o.~s; ,{} · · ,.t_;1,;::.'bf!.:/· · · · · .. . · is R.:4-. · 92~1•. 53s .~rnen.d:e(1.,(otn~~1~~1~~.~wn cl';,. :.J E_!flployment of C.h,il~fre,h. . ., . · \( Spec.1~1.f~r9t~Ct1on_of.?h.1ldr~n l\gatQ,sfCh11~,:fb.us1e,... .::L:..... Gener~I Rule:·Childrel"! below 15 y.ears·of age (\ .. , Expl~1ta.tron:an~. D1scnm1~_at1onAd);: -f~?:.; · . i_,)r·;.,r'.' Fi" .. ~sh,~1!1:iotb~ emp!oy~d (RA. 9?3·1, ~ec. 2). f~ \• • • . • . .. • . / •_/ . .,...-:"'?..6.l ,:,1.J.!..4-. ~::D • . )~·....-· . . !..!'/ ~-. r·=-- -:-: . . , ~ ·· ·
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;~-~~~~0 work¥ ·~iir~cUy_1.fnder.th~.~ole ~espom~1b1l.1ty o'f his/her J:?arents or· legal gui,lrdian and where only· members··of his/ ." her fam.ilyare emjlloyed;. . . _-· . · . · ; ·· · · · Conditions· . . . . . . . · i. . That .. hi~/tier ·.. emproyrnent neither . endangers his'.life, safety, healt.h ar19. morals, . Ji.or ... i,:npa[rs '. his hoi"mal . · dev~lopmerlt; ·a,~d . . . ·.. .. . . .. ii. That tt:ie parent· or.legal guardia·n shpll . provide ·.the said minor child with ·tne' -, . • prescriped . primary: and/or :sec:'ol'ldary ·· . ·· ed1,1tatfon (R.A. No .. _9231, Sec.. 2). · .. ·. · ... b.
Where the . child's _e.mployment'· or 'pa,rticipation. 'in. public··. ·entertainment or. informatiol') through 9lnema', the?ttet, radio,. television · or o.ther forrri~ ot -m.edia . is essentiaL· .
4 ... 'Has. been SE)Jectedfor a froject after undergoing auditiqns, workshops or VTR screenings;· and . the employment· contract is 5: Has been se'lected as Semi-finalist· in a .contest 'concluded bythe child's parents or legal··. for-a telev!slon show.(o-:d. No.'2-18, item 1). guardian with the express agreement of the child concerned, if possible, and the approval of the DOLE; 'and . . : · A ·wptk permit is. not required.if a child below 1"5 years ii: That the following requtrernentin'atl . · ofage:··(S3A~°CGF) . . . . . .· . . instances are strictly complied with: . . 1. ts a' .§.pot extra or is cast outright en the day of 1) · The employer." shall. ensure· the · : filming or taping of a· project; . · protectlon.. tiealth:. safely; morals 2. · Is a partlclpant iri §chool-related performance; .. and· -norrrral development- of -the3.. ls participant in 2P.Prts ~ctivities,.trainin'gs or child· . .: . .. ,. . . < workshops; . . . . .2) The ' · employer · sh.all -ihstitute .·.. , 4. : . Is c;i contestant'. 9f. a 2inging;' dance or talent .measures to prevent .the child's contest for a televislon.show butnot as· a semi- . . exploitation· or·discrimination taking . finalist; . . . . . . .. . into account'the system and level-of . "5. ·Will Join ~uditions 'or VTR screenlnqs; . · remuneration, arid the .duration-and. · · '6 .. -1~,ea.r:t ofthe audience of a live televtslonshow arranqernent of working time; · · ·. · · .. unless his-participation is expected: . 3) . The employer slia.il formulate -a~_._--=sk Is .chosen as a Contestant from the audience 'of · · implement,.. subj'ect to th~. ~pl=)fcfval 'T- . 'J\ ~~,iv.~television; show; . ·. · 1 ·.}'>~;,,.f,s)J r~~iRJ.~nt of §ift-gi.ving activities in television; and supervlsion.. ·?f-1"'.:-ifom~teot . 'authorities, ·. c\: con~i,~G~r~ii;~~"-\¥ill ~e je_~~redin a documentary material · for training ·and s~i!Js·;a~!)~jJion of · (D. e.~~1-JJf1•)[1:z.m1). · · . . · .- . · the child _(R._A_-lfJo~'?-31:ri'S,..~ ..,...z);-~~--..,,,_~::(:-· ·_\: .... · ·. . · ·. . . and . -, / ;:j'= mi .. -~pte: r-pr c~tQ.r.~_ll')~peanngm .a singleproject and · 4) The ch_ild is-,rov1cl~'Wit at· leasl · .!~ $ith0ut \ wor._'k(: p'ermit yet, t.h.e :-, DOl.:.E ~he .-mand'ft10!Y ·. ~fern~~~a~c or ,Ay~~e_g~?nal{Pro.vi~oJallF,~~id Office ·stiall issue ~ group -·. seconda': ~~?tic;Jn.(D:Q~ N~ ~~,-_J>~~lfTra:C. No~2{1_§;;,1(e.m_ 3): . .·.· . · . 04, S~c._7,.!fi:fr. f~Jt . . \ ~,.r , ~ ).:,,/. 1: ... \ . ·. ·. . ' ·. ·.. 11 ..;--:"',t {;ff:-#, 1 G:tound,! for · s,p~-pe~~,on and·. Cancellation. of. Note: A wo~k · ·p~rrmt ~ rrblh~ prn£] ust ~-~-r...;:~2,!:..k R~9':@t:· (ff,TErnP.10) · . . <. · . · pr~cured firsr before .ef.!g:t,~:·i~~~aJ5oV.I".:;~ . .-~~1~~1·0Yr.e9-t0r !hall. ~uspend_or cancel tt,e exceptic;mal cases .. · . · \ l \ '\.~~\\;~. ·. . · ~Jv;,;~l';,!_'.lit·i~Jue~~fq,lfa· working ct:iil~ under the . . . .~ . . -~ _. ~~~f.1 l(i.>~n3f'mstances..:. · · · For pur~os·es of this Articl€!',:_!l)eterm, ·c~ili:R.~~J~, , .1 ~f;thfr7/(s:·:1;rauo· o~ misrepre_sentatio~ in th.e apply to all ~etsons·und_er_.1 ~ears &~g~<'lqtf~f'w~~a~ion . wort<._ --~ermit . or ·. ~ny: :pt . _it,s. . No. 7610, as amen.ded by R."J\__ No. ~3"4~~ §JlpportJJ;l9..~0~uments, . , . . , . · 12).. · · ""'"=~2f-"'}\t~\;J;,o/m?and.conditions _s~t forth.in t_he child's ·.'J\ /J ··l\~J!>l~1:it· co.n_tract-. and/or · .. employer's Vali'dity ·ofWo_r~kPerini~ . · . . . · -~~~ .VA('~·::1,1.ade",rt.ak_irig'havtibeei:i viol_ated; · · ·· .. Th.f!·Work per.mit s_hall state the ·period o( its v_alidi\~~lfthe. EmP,foyer fails to···institute measur~s to· . bas.ed on. the employm~ht cohtrE1~t"9r'the appli,caticm ; ·. • en~ure ·t_hE:l.. prot~'ction; '1~alih,- safety, m.orals, for work permit, as the case m.ay."be. However; the , ·. and norm~l·devel6prnent,ofthe .child;.'· ·· . . pe.fiod of validity ·shall .in cas_e .e~c,eed one .yei-ar · . ·:· 4. ·. I~ t.he e_inployer:fails.to. fo'rmulate.and ·implemerit '. . · (D.O.No.,6_5~04, S$c.''1?),:' .· . a Er-ogr.amfor·the eaucation,.'tralning·and.skills · · ·· · · . . ij.c.quisitl.~n 'o{lhe child~ or._:. · ..: . · : :· · C~)!er'age of Working· Child Per.mit · : · ·. · · 5:' ·u .a child ha~ been· Qeprived_ acce~·s.to formal, ~·~ork pem:iit_is· required·if'a ct,ild be.low 15 years of . · · · J'.IOli-formal ·or allemative learning systems ·of age: (FREPS) . . . ,.·&1.uc~tion ,(D.o: N_o.:)>q-04,Sec .. -22): .' · .• ·. . f. .ls foreign nati9'.nal ,ana, wiif pe engaged: in . \ . .. . . . public erjt~rtaininent: or !nformation 'In the" . -: .·Hoµrs of Work a Working Child' . .. . Philippines; . . .". . . . . · / ·.. · . · . ·:. It include&:·. ,··. · . . : · .· .. ·.. .." _ . 2·. · Wi!f be er19ag.ed as a Regular ex~ra or as part.of1·. · Alrtime"durlrig which a· child is required to.be a.t .. . a .. crowd and is. included in the script .or a· ptescribed workplace: ~i:itl . · ·· · . · · . ··storyboard;·. : · ·. · · · ·. · · : · ' :z. ·Alf time :during :."which .. ~-. child · is suffe.rea·.9r ' · 3. Will .be gngaged · ill .public· entertainmei'it or . permitted .. to · wc;irk .. ···it : .is inclusive-·. of . informa:tion. regardfess qf !')is/her. roie ·in a· wardtobe/costum·e fittiiig, make7up· appliya.tlon,.. . · · projeCt. This~ Jnt)ud~s proj8·9ts . which. a·re oon· · ·· , · .profit; . advocacy .. materials qr political. '. ad_v~rtisements; '· Conditions: 'l. That.
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practice or rehearsal while fn the w_orkpla~~:.· . including.Wf;:lititig time (D: c. No. 2-17, item 2:2) ·r . .1{ Note: Sleeping time as well as· travel lime of a child ff: .engagecj irj. public entertainment or informatlon from l his residence to his workplace shall not be Included ~; . as hours worke.d wHhout.ptejucliqe to the applicatton ·, {:, ·ot'existing rulssonEmployee'sCompensatton (D.O.
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Con.dition:-Thatnot more thari ·20% of the child's, . .-incorn.e may b~ usedfor the. collective needs' of the family'(o.o. No: 65,~.·4, Sec. 8) .... Noter-Collective .Needs of·the:Farnily.includes .food; shelter;·iigh~ and water, ciot!iing·, .~ducat.lon/me~ical, transportation , and other expenditure items. · .necessaryfor.the survival of (he family of ihe child (D. 6. No. 65~04, .sec: 3(i)). ·
{··. M~ximum N.u~b;r of Hours ~f-Work: . . 2. Th~· income of the working child .andl~r. th~: 1.:··' ..··.·: 1. A fhjld below fifteen· (1'5)' years of ;:ige ·may be · .Property acquired..tt)ro.Ligh thet. work o(tlie·child , allowed to. work fornot morethan twenty'.(20)' · .. shall be. administered by· 'bo h parents. Irr the hours. a.week and more· four (4 ): hours at · . absence or \1.1capacity of either parent, the other any·given day;: ·· .~. . parent shall administer the same .. ln case both · ·2. A, chUd fifteen .who i,s·.~fte.en (15). years· of a.ge parentsareabsent or.incapacltated, the order of -anc'.f below eighte~n· (18) shall not bl:l allowed to · 'preference on parental c1ut~ority, as provided for -worktormore than eight (8) hours aday, 'and in under theFamilyCode snail apply 65-04; . no case beyond f.drty {40)'hours a w.eel<;:a.h.d . · Sec. 17). · 3. No child below fifteen (15)· years. of agE;!. shall be.,/['/ . . 'allowed 'to work between.eight(~) o'clock·iri ihl·,/ir. · Preservation of the Working G.hildts Income ·,. ev~ning and six·(6) q'cipc.k in tbe morning .'The.·ir'ICOf"!le of the working c~ild shall b~ .depc;,sifed ·. following, day .an~ .no· child fift~er) (15) yea(~fPJi ·.in.a Tru?t-Fun.d.or~avings ":'~CO\Jnt setup or..operied a~e ;;ii:id .below eighteen .(1 {!) yea~s of age s~~l)·,~ ,~~;;~..,,~2'9..~rhis. nJl.f,Qeby t~.e~dr-rn,n1strator of suc.h mcome, . be allowed fo wor.k' between ten (1.0) ·o·~tG?rc~ !D.' Yt~~-~t~,t.0:,.tt:lejcond1hon.s, under Sec. 18 of D.O. 65, the eveni~g flnd:six (6) o'clock in t~~;f))fri[nfJof-.,. f. · 04·arrd't,he·~~yilCode: The following rules apptr. th~.follow11.1~ day·(D.O. No_. l!5-04,;:Seo:,15). ,1\-)~ · , 1. Whe.n.A~~1prne · !S. at )east P200,000 .- the \J( . · /.,.,.,,\ · · adminis·t.r.at~{shall .s~t up a Trust J:und for tt:ie R,est perio~s of $hort dura~i~IJ;;?f!!i.1~f~prl;)_ ~,, · · J.WgT.-?J;~7i,.~.l;\.~e .~ay. pe df p9s1te~ in a f' Llm,tatioFJs on Wqrkmg·~~ur~:P-!-·~ij!!c~ . ··~ .· ~avn'l~O.l:Jfltea.eh time the ch.1ld rece1~es an r.::.. . ~-::-;...... .-,, .. ,.., . . _':.: IOCQIT)e. The. accumulated:. savn-;igs ·shall , b:e ~ • ' .. , i.,,.:,...;;....:_,.;trar-isferred to· the, Tru~.t Fund . should the tqtal~ _ r.;'.,.'.i ·N··0· t mo.re· · Not m··0-re c:1,9:.rh· .tv(·S\:· .... :.,h,.,,"~'.:;·:gross ~ricome. for a 'given ·.yea·~· js,. at leas~.; . ~ · · · • :. 1\,;f ·• . v~~:~..:.:L:;:.-~:~i;i:200'.'too· (D· o · 65-04 · Sec··.18)· ·· than fo~r . .. than :i:lm tp/&Ix'( · _ . . . , · · . · · , · , · . ·, '. . : · · . · . (4) hqu~s. ·:. .twenty <29): P.ro~jbition against-Worst i=orms·of.Chi.l.o.Labor· nours. ''vyor;,t forr!Js' o(~h\ld l.abor•· ~ha\l -refer to:'1;1ny of. · ·· P. owing· l!'le·folfciWing:· .·· .. · .. . . . -~-'--~-~---'~-+-d_a_y_·-~·---1 . . · L·.AJI forms.of slavery;.as.deftneq urfderthe ."Anti..':.. · . , .. .. Not mor~ ·. Te.o.(10) . . 'Traffi~king .. of Pe,;sons. A.ct 20p3'.'.qr- practices . 'than eight. Jhari'forty pm·to six.· sirhilarJo slaver.y'suct) as;· ,. · (40) hqurs . (6) ani ·of · ' .•. Sale( ,;1oi:l'traffickfng-qf c;;hildrep; the b. · Debl bondage and ·serfdom·; and · . .. following: -:.. · .:· :t: ··.,Forc~.d. \>r . compuls·tiiY.. l1:11)or> .irieludipg day . : ,.·· . . .. ·re:cruitrnent:of chi_lpren· fo"r ll~e . in armed .. EL~----'----~-'-·----·___, , . ·.conflict;·.. . · . · . ·: . :_ · ' ·, · · . ·. · · · '· .. · · · · ·: · · .. -. : · · · 2~ Tlie ,use, procuring,. offering.. or. -e~po~ing· or a Own~rship, ),!sage and· A~i;nihisti-atio·n of. the· · child for: prostitution,· ;for ·th·e.. pro.tlu.ction-. :of . Working '.Ctiilct's 'irico~e '··. · · · · . · : ·' · porncjgraphy.or fo~ pomqgraphic perfqrma·nces;, 1 ... Tiie.w~ges,.sal*ies;·eamlng~ a.ndc;,lher.incqme. 3;. The use, procufiflg; 9.ff.ering'or-.exp.osing of a··. of the. wprking. child sl')all belong to:him/her in child for .illegal illicit activitieq,. including' the : · ·ownership ,;1no shall be set asid~ prlmarify·.fbr ·production and· trafficking of'·da·ngerous drugs .his/h~r. suppoi:t. edLIGc!tior'l' or 'skills ·acquisition and . volatile· ·SUbstai:ices . probibited. unqer: and s~concjwily to the colled[ve needs of .the ~xisting'.Jaws,; or ' family. · · ···
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. trust Fund fro:m Fines and Penalti'es 4. .Work w.hich, byits nature or the .circumstances The fine imposed by the· court shall be treated as a · .in which it is carried out, is hazardous or likely to be . harmful to the. health; ·safety.' or morals· of: :Tn,!st ·Fund, .administe(ed· by.b'OLE ·.and disb_ursed · exclusiveJy.. for the needs,· including. fhe cost ·of . children, such that it: . · rehabilitation and ~eintegration iatq me: m~instrea_m · a.' : Depases, degrades or demeansthe intrinsic of socie.ty of the working·children who are·victirns of '; worth. and dignity of a child as. a human . being;: · · · · vi.olation's.-of this Act, and for t_he· "programs and . . b. Exposes. the-child to physical, emotional or projectsthat will prevent acts of chlld labor (R.A. No. 9·2;H1:S~c. "7). · . · . . .· . · . · . sexual abuse, or - is found to be hi~hly. . stressful. psychologically or .may. prejud_ice .' ·· .morats.. . . . .. . ·.. Wh.o may·File.a·C~mplalnt-on.Cases of UnlaWful c. Is performed underqround, underwater, or. . ActsCorrimltted Against-Children . ·. .'at.dE1ngerous ~eights; ·. . . ·. · · . · ·.1, · Offendedparty;" · .. · . · · ·d .. Involves .the use .of dahgerous. -machlnery, Parentsor quatdiaris.. .. . .· . . equipment and tools such as power-driven 3. Ascendants or collateral relatives wlthlrr the third explosive. power=actuated tools; . . · . : .". (3jd) degree bf cbns.ariguinlty; . · . . . · , · ·er.· Exposes 'the child to. physical danger such· . 4: Officer,' social worker or .. representative .. of a 'as but not .lirnited to the danqerous feats Of licensed Child caring lnstltutlon: . . balanclnq, physical strength:or contortio~·or,_,.=..,~~ Offfcer:or. social worker of DSW.D; . . . which" requires _the manual transp(:1eof tf :.'.f::~E.~_r-igay chair,:n_an -of the. plac~ wh~r~ the . · heavy load~; . . . · Lf~· t!\.: l\/¥19ta~0pccurrsd,~her~ the chJld rs resldlnq or . · .... t Is, performed 1n an unheal~l}f;erwwojl1Ti3P..k---=:o~~-efup!py~~,Qr· ·. . .•. . .· . .· . . e~po~!hg 'the child· to ·_t:rW,rdo~~~01King .,.,; . 7. ;''J:\l~l'?~-st 3f'ep§:fr~ed_.responsible citizens where . conditions, elements, tf. sOb~~n,..ce~,,.,.~·~e:r-'-"'~9,~-=. . . ,,.tpe vi~l-aJi'bri qc~gurred "(RA No. 7610, Sec. 27 agents . or pt'ocesse~/li"OjVIJ/9 jonizingn ···~i a~mJ'nllelJJiy :A.. No. 9231, Sec .. 8). · . rapiation,' · fire, . flamm~&l~;.f. su~~tance.s, L&. ~t1 ~H< ~· · · . .. . · .. . noxious ·component{ and tfe lik:e,. or: to·/{}~ JIJris:dic ion \ ( () t, ·. · ·. . . ·. · . ·. e~trer;ie .te!J1peratuJ:~,lise.. LJlWls~o·r 1r-:-T~r:a.A ~ly· CC!'t1~~~.t,~IIhav~ origin_al jurisdiction . · . -· v1bratio11s;_ · . . _'ltz~l'"':7-· . ,~er-fallffa:=:es 1r-volv1q ·<:1~~h~es purnsha.ble under . g. · .. Is P~_rfor~ed . unorrAa l[ic.ul_arl~1·.. d1ffic~J\Wm:~his Act/VJ:A fl/q. l:'7'~1P~.Sec. 1.Q:A as_ a17Jended ~y ..cond1t1ons.. . -~-~ ~ ~.Al\---·-'·''p':......,;__R.A.N9J~~~1. Jee. 9}.H. · . . . , · .. h.. Ex~~e~ t~e.child t?~b}';)JogWa1·'l{_~~~~rm~.¥.~if· . _' · . .. ·. . a~ bact~~la, . fungi! l'•tli'u~e~·•. p~~oaosl~ .~Jo!z~~J.ies .9f provJ'1beswh~re t_here are no f_arruly · .. ·.· 1.1ei:n~tode_sanq ?ther~~arasif~i;,or\..-<;.p~~.~~~)~'Yet, ~~CJ . and· t~~ MTCs .. ~halt· h~),le .. ~-. :. Involve~ th~ manufaC!!J~ o(~andho.(i~r~i0:~RC!,l~ent .p:msd1~~n ·dep~ndmg ·on )he pena_lties. . ··. ex~losi":e_s _and_ oth~r _p~techrne::\~~~~~~£:~~1~<.ffo_r thE;_pffens~ charge_d.(R.A._ No. 7610, .
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.. ,Pr:ohlbitlon. on the !;mployrrienf of.'G~/c}j in, ~,·. if· ~~~~lmmediat~Legal, M~dical and Psych9· CertarnAdvertisements. . . · · . . .- ~~;.,;__ 1V!Us'ociala1S'etv1ces.. · ... - · ·.: · . · _,· . · No· ··c.hi_ld shalJ be empl~yed ·as· a model ir anr=:=~fw9rking phild_ sh~i1 h_a),le. t!ie: right to .f~~e· Jegal, -~~vertisem~nt, : directly or .indir~ctly, . pro~ot.ing .. · m·e'dica! .an_g ps_ycho-so_cial services:to: b,e··proyi_d.ed. alcoholic ~ver:ages; · intoxicating ·,:drinl<s, toba~cq. by the State ihrou·gn·agenci~s.,m.andat!:?d to·proyide ·and its' _by-products,. g~mbling ·. or a·ny form····of ._slich .."services·: (R.JJ.: 'No. · 76.10, Sec.· 16-A,. a~· ·yiolerice porn~grap~y (R.A:Noi 9231, ·Sec:5).. · amended by: R:A No: .9231, S~9,9J: _: .
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Ac·cess-to Education·.and·'TYainlng· for Working .Chll~ren . ·. :_ .· . . .. , · ·· : No child shall b_e -deprived of fcirma[, .non-form'al ·or: . .alter.native -learning syst~ms o.f -educauo·n. · lh .. 'all.. :cases where· the ·child . is allciwed ···to. ·work, the em'ployei- s·h8ff provid.e. the child witb -acce$s ·to at · - least e_lementaryand/(?.r seqondary-education. ' ·..
; H~alth · seivices. i~clude.d p~l~ary or·_pr~ye,riti~e.: se.con~ary f?i' curative; and. tertiary or.r~~abilita,live services, or"such s~rvices ·as .may be n"e·ceS$~ry_t_o addrei,~ phys\cal, psyc~olqgical. and.social. probl.ems·· . ~rising from ·child labor. (D:O. No. 65-04," Sec.·20t .
--~~--~~-~loye,r sha.11 ma'ka" a __c~:i;d_w~fk during his/her. ·school.hours arid hinder his/her access·to education. <_:Jurin~ _sc.~ool days 'No: 6'5-04, 9ec.' 19 (a)):
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SP.·l;CIAL GRo·ups·· . ·. SAN BAR I ll019. · BEDA I.AW · CEf'ITRAPZEP . · OPERATIONS · - .MEMORY. · ·.AO
Not~: The. foregoing ·shal.1. be .the 'standard requirements when the ·employment of the domestic worker Is.facllitetedfhrouqh the Privat~ Emplbyrnent Agen·cy (PEA) (R.A. No.. 10361, Sec. 12).
.EMPLOYMEN.T OF. · }IOUSEHELPERS · CHAPTER Ill: .·.... HO~SEt-JELPERS
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lliote: ~hapter 111 has be~~. express,;. fep.eaied by Domestic Worker's .Act .or- Batas Kasambahay RA No. ·.1.0~61 approved. on January· 18, 2013 ·and. ·be.came_effec~l_ve:on. Apri.1 30,. 201-3 (1.5 days· after. ·complet1on....9t its pubtlcation), .» • •
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The east 'the· standard pre-employment requirernents··,shall be- borne by the. prospective employer or the· agency, as the case may be (/RR, · ~.A. No .. 10.361, Rule //;Seq: 4): .
Reg.istrationof'; Domestic Workers·. · . The. employers shall r~gister all domestic workers under their employment in the Registr.y of D.omestic ·.-W9.rl<ers j~. the. barangay .wnere the. emp.!9-yer's D.omest~c Worke.r or. "kasarnbahay" tefers. to any · .. residence.is located .(R.A. No. 10361, Sec .. 17)..' · person er\g13ged in .dornestic work -within " an · · · employment ralatlonship 'such as, but not limited to · · .. .N.ote: Jn cases where the employment of· the the following: ·(G2LA'NCo)' · · •- ' domestic·worker is .fac;:ilifated throuqh a PEA, the ,; .' 1.. ~e.neral househelp: . r-: · -sald ·f:'EA shall .keep a copy 'ot all· employment. 2 ... Nurl:>emaid of"yaxa;" . . r»; c~:m~,;3cts o.f domestlc workers and shall be made· ~= £2?k; . . ,,;;/rf. ·a':';31labl~ for verification and inspection by the DOLE ~-· 45•.. .§arden~·r;· • . . (;>10'.'f.'>) . (~·~· .f:J6:· ;tQ361,. ~ec. 11, par.. 4). ·. . . · · _baun~ry;pe~son;and , - . . (" it!/;·~'!.!:\ . ·. .. . . · . ·. 6. /5.f)Y. P.erson · who, reqularly · performs dom~lii6~; ,·i8:, Rec~1tment.and Fin de.r's Fees .. .. ; z.. work in ~me.housetiold on.an occupationalb:s;Js.; .. ·~1;.1"';~fg?:1;dlesi.79!w~et.h~r the domestic worker was· . · · (/RR,. R.A..· No: 1036-1, Rule. t, Sec. 2),~y · _; (!f !}~1.r.e9.Jm:.~f~~·rp~1vate empl'?!'ment agency or a thlrd . . . ' . . . . : . . . . · . . .~..-:,.. . ~: r·l . party·, no sfi~ff ,m the recruitment or_. fin'de(s 'fees . ··Excluded from .the· definition: (FAC~(\~ ·. ·Shall be chafge,dagainst the c;lomestic worker oy the · ), . 1,. family driver~; . . . · :. _ · .,r said' priv~1 eln't:>loyme~t agency or third p~rty.'(l~.A. 't..:. 2 .. ~Y .. othe~ . persoi:i ~ho~,i;:P!:lff0~~2:;.7work . · NO.. 103t._:·1eq\1-3). ,. · . . · . . ·. r . qccas1onstlly or l?porad1~l-y an hired 4.- §.er.vice pr:ovid¢rs (iRR; R.A~:No/fPi6~· Ru'fii:W; ·d~r.ectly, e~:fui:g,ygt:I a -P~A. shall pay the expenses . Sec: 2)-. . .'. .. . . . \'.~¥· },~\. f! ~· W{ ·: 01rectly used for his/her transfer from place·'!! origin · · . ·. • . . . . . · . -. "--\ ."' . • /.c::'J ,): . · t 7\ . ;·:.,.-.:,!oJhe ·~~·Jr ·ri,1- place ~. of work. . , · . HousehoJ.d refers t~ tl')e.immedlate ·m(':!jveers ·of)lj~ .. ,) .. ,~iifPll, · · :· . · ' . family or.the occupants QMhe,house-~tiR1are.d.if.~9u9£.""L.::Ji.:...::l;fi~ro_plo)'ermay. r~cover deployment costs fr?m •·' .. at1d regl:llarty provi.ded.servicel3 .py th.e1,~a?am~lfhay,· . .the. ' .~as~m?a,har .. whene"':er. the. empl?~m~nt. ..'·,. (/RR, R.,4.. No. ·10361;,.Ru/e 1,-se.c. 3-(g)).l!t'ii):.. · · ~e.la~1o'?~h11;> 1s.,termin.ated w1tl'.11n.. 6 months without . . . · . · . .. . JUSt~u.;:;e (R,A. No .. 10361, Se~. 32)... ··. Employment c;;~mt~act: :' ·. :· .. . . . . ... . . . · ·. 1· · · · .: :· .: .· . ·. -A cuntri;ict-e?_<ecu.ted· by, and .P.et)V~en the dom·estic . · · . Rtghts ~·nd Privileges of a Kasainbahay: ·v-:orkef and th.iii ernploye~ b.efor.e\he· commencement : , The ·ri_gh_t~and privll,eges.oh3' kasambahay. are the -of.th~ servi.ce:ln~flangua.ge·0r.dialect·u,ntle~toodby fqllowmg; (S2BC-G92-,WaLTE2~2-F13:) . · · both t~e ~omestiC?· IJ/or:ke(and ·t.he em.player (R.A. . · 1 i . §.tandard of .T~eatment..,··,The employer or any No. 10361i Sec. 1.1): · · .. , · · ·!?'ember ,.of the ·hous(;lh.old shalr.not subjed· a .,· ' .. . ,-pom':stic.~oi:~er.or k?Js.ambahayto ar:iy _kind of. Pre-Em~lqyment..Requi.rements· · . . · .. ~\:n,isenor mfhct.anyform of physical violence br . P'rior- .to the execution of .the .employ,nent contract;· · harasstn~nt .or-.ariy act .tending. to degrade the th~ ·employer may r.i:1.g1:1ire the· follo-.vjr,ig rron:i- ,he · ·· .. Qignity of a· domestic Worker (R:A. No-. ·io361 kasamb.ah~y:(MCN~) . . . . · ,· · . . Sec.-5);·. ·.. · . · · . ·. . ' · 1~ Medical certificat~ or a·heaith c~rtificate· issued · 2.· ...Ji!O?rd, Lodging, ~nd Medi<::al Atte'ridance. - The . by. a locat govecnmerit tiealth :officer;' . . . · en:iployer sha)I provide for th~ basic necessities 2:: · B~rang·a,y and· police Cleararice· · of.the·domesJic.worker to include: · : . . Bµreau ~·6f .ln.v.e~t.ig~tion · (NB1) . a:. At IEiiast. three (3) adequate rriea!s per day; ·. ~·.• . 3 .. National clearance;·and: · . · ·. b. · Humane sleeping arrangements'.thatensure· 4. · : D.lily a'uthen_tie;3ted· · ~irfr) certificate · or if not. safety; an·d · · · · availa.bJe, :any otti.er;dOCL!m.ent.shoy.riog th'e age - C. ,Appropriate : re~t ancf. a·s$istance to the. of ·. tt,e d~miesti9 :work~r such as vbter's , domestic worlsl;lr. in. of illnesses and l.. identifi~tion.'card; ~aptismal rec~rd or paisport. injuries ·sustained ·.during. service without loss 'Of benefits (R.A. No. 1031)1, S.e~. 6); .
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any unused portion "of s~id ah~u~I leave shall not be cumulative or carried . over to . the succeeding years. Unused leaves shall not be· convertible to cash (R.A. No. 10361;-Sec. 29); 10361;- Sec:Zf . . .. . . . 8. 1 J1h Month Pay. - The kasambahay who. has ·4, '. Access to'; Outside Communicaflon. ...,. · The rendered-at-least one· (1) month of service .ls . ·employer". shall g"rant the ·..domestic . worker entitled to a thirteenth-month pay which shall not · · access to outside comrnuntcatlcn <;luring. free be less than 1/1,2 of his/her total basic"-~ialary · time: ProvidfJd,· that ·-in caae of emergency,· earned in a calendar year .. access to comrnuriicatlon shall beqranteo even 9. ,§ocial a_rid.Other Benefits. - A domestic worker · ·during work· tlm~, should. the· do·m~stic·worl<er who has rendered at least one (1) · month of.. .· · .. · make.use 9f'the:_employer's·l.e_iephone'or·other service shall 'be .covered :by ·uiij·:Sss· .. the. . ." ·. comrnuhlcatlon facilities. "the · costs "shall be Phil Health, and the Home Development' Mufual '. ·:' borne. by the domestic .worker..' an less· such Fund.or, Pa~IBIG," and 'shall-be ·emtitled to. ail the ', : ·. c9c;1rges are waived ·by. .th~ employer {R.A No; beneflts in· . accordance witti_ the pertinent .· · . ·10~61. Sec. '8); . . . , . · .provlsions provided by· law; (R.A." No .. 10361; 5. Access· to Education· and Trafnirig - ·The · Sec. 30),'. .. . · · · . employer "shi311 ~f,ford the.. domestic worker the . · . . . . · .. OPJ?..9riU".iW _to "fini~h basi°? :educ~ticm and ~ID.'."1'"'==-'7:}y_""'-~ote: Premiu~ payments.or cohfributions_shall: . a_.11.?IN._- acce_~~- fq alternative_ 1~.arnlng.~ems 1\ _:be.c~tm~lqeredbythe en:i~l.oyer. Ho_wever:tf,the arid,_ as far. as· practicable, h1_glier,~~cat&..~ or \ . j}/d9f1~'stt~<worker1~ receiving a ".'V~ge_ of ~5,000. ~ec~!lical and vccational traini~gt?i.~~e¥1j}ioJJb-_....."-'7--"::1·~(ld·11'~e~r m~mth·. the domestic worker. s_hall . shall. adjust the work schedulf_1lf "tha d'o[T:festic . ""P~ 1.llie ·9i:...qp9rt1011ate ·share ·in tpe. _prerrnum . WQrke(·~o --~llow ~;"uch ·$cce,jl. fo(.:i~~-er'.""'1'r':,-...~a.Fe~S\~"l' c~ntributions, ~s _provided _by law;· "Jraining_withoul hamperi~91,tl}_~e,rv),ces ,fe~uire~~. 30)._ · ·. ·: · .: .·' by the.empk>yer (R.A. Na;Y.167!6:f:f?ec.f,9), ! ,tiJ,"11. ,!Jl0. R" h't t F·>- f · . 1 ·, t I b · · · . · · ... ; , ·.· · · .,!~.·.'if .,R' : · ,(·\, •. 19 J. o_y~~·•f'!''.torass1s·a or_o_rgarn_zat1on Not~: ,:he ~~ployer-1s -110l"";q1i1_ir~<;I- t~-,,.rov1ae4'P---<J~B~_RA. ~p;i'6?,;f.$ule IV, Sec. 1(j)), · ·. · financial assistance f.2rp:,~ifi.~. educa~on '"~~-~ ~ml· ~1~~191'.lfto be ~r~111ete~.a -9?PY of the §mpl_oymen_t ' .. trai~i~gofthe.kasa~ba~~Y.:-~ essto·~~u~f!QEY"""-;""~=:e?i-~ c~niJ.act (IRiff:->f:l~J ~036.11 Rule JV;Sec. .. t(k)); · may mclude _financial as.:r;is~Di. attth~(optioi;i,d~f:Z!12. R1g,~~k)~-\Qent1fica_te~.of e~~l?yrnent .(/RR,_ R.A.: . · ·the Elmployer (/RR ofR.-Y...--S~c.~16, ~if,-l.2r.--#)'aff.?~JRule.1~'{.,§.e;~, 1(1)), : . ·· · · ·· . . . ·: ·. . · \-U .) \ . . l~l1'"'~.J~~·~fi0o.}'.efmina¥.1·th_e employment· (/RR,._ R.A. 6. Be~t period. - ,The do~stic ,w~rker..if\)il~~~ ""ey Rt.le ./V,.s,{c: 1 (TJ1)); ·. ·. · . · · · .. · · ·entitled to ari·aggtegate dajfy r_estp~rioioJ.?~...,>.,~-~~""R1gptto/xer¢}~~,;theirown Eeli~iou_s beliefs and ; (8) hours per d_ay (R.A. No ..~0391, ·sf!!?.:· 2(>);~~C -:::-----\,~~yltU!:,<jll. pracllcf!)S (/RR, R.A. 1036.1, Ru(.e, fV,, . 3. :§.uar.ant~e of Privacy. - Respect,for the privacy of the .domestic worker shall be guaranteed" at all times ·and.. 'shall extend to all- forms ·.of communication· and per~onal·effects (R.A. No.
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'. T~e-.<Jon:,esti.cw0tker;,~aU_als~~e.~~tf~l7-a~t~--.:,;~_,,!5:""'r~fi{l(~uJc,"o/~~e - l:t1e ·minimum wa~e. of _- .. -~e~st f~_enty:-four (2_4) _consfc.~trv.~~ut.sj~ ~~t· .·,, :-.ir" ii,. ~q~ft!_es~workers sh'alJ n0t be ·less. th,an · the .. , 1n · a_. w~ek. Tb_e: emploY.eir· <;'_nd_ th_e~·i,{e_st1c · l\rtf''\_)folJ~ing·:., .. · ·· · · · .. ·. · · , : · · . · ""'.~rker'S!lall'c;1gree _iri _writing _ori ,the scheat1le,..Qf=.-c--~~ · . ·• ·• . ~- · · . · . . : the: wee.!dY.·.rest".day pf- the. ·~qm_e$tiC.worker: . · · · ·MinimumW~ge,ofPc;,mestip Workers . ·Provided;: th.af.the . empldyer shau'_ resp~ct the · · .. ,. . . . : . . ·, ,.- .. ·: · .. · . • . · . . ' ..;, . . p_refe_reQ~e ;Jfle,.: doniesti.C?.:work~r-.·as . tp" . th~ . ·weekly r.est diw.When.such·prefeterice is based 9ti t~iiglous ·grounds. N0thir1g ·in. ~his...pro:vi~i911 "NCR. (Wage-Qrder No. :P3;SQO. _st\aU :·d~prive ·-t~ ~orriestic· "i._vor~er _a!lc!. the .. . NCR-DW-o'1) . .~~~+-~~~-=-~~~~ . emp(pyer from.agreeing. to the followjng: · Chartered,.citi~s & Tifst' ~· · · ··--! ·: _..• · : . a.·.· Offsetting a day "of absence 'wflh particular . class· mtinicipalities · ·. : P2, QOO .. · . . rest day; : .: ·. · . : : · · · .. · · . .. . . ~· . . . . · ·· b. · Wai,;,)~g a_ partic~l~~ ·("~st.day in _r~tur,n.f9r.ai:i- · Otl)~r r~·{unicipaiitie~' \ .. · P1 ,500 : ·· .. · . ·. equivalent daily rate of pay; · . '. · . . . . . .. . . . ~ A<:_cun;i~iating resi days riot exce~ding five (R.~. No. fQ361, ...Sec. !4)., . ·_- .·. ··. . . . · . (5} 9ays;: or. : ··. . . . . :. ·. : .. · · · . · • · ·' d::. ·other. slm.i!ar arr~ng!3'!)~nts · . (R.A. . No. Note~ The·foll;wing rule~ ~~RjY f6~·the p~yment · ···.. . ·10361, Se.c. 21);_· · · ._ ·. :· . . of wage.s..... ·. ':_··.: . : -. .. . . . . · .. -a. Payment ),f wages shal.l be made· oi:i time · ·7_: . ~ervice- Incentive Leave.·- A qom.estic worker direptly to tl=le aomestfo w
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1 · 201~.SAN BEDA LAW CENTRALIZEf? BAR ·oPl:8,t\TION~
·SPECI.A·L G·RoU·PS
SAN 8£PA l.;'IW CENTRALIZEDBAR OPERAnous - 'MEMORYAJD 2019
No· .ernployer shall pay the wages of .a 4. The domestic worker shall be entitled to at least domestic worker by means of .promissory . 2~· consecutive pours of rest in a week.(R.A. No; ·. 10361, Sec. 21)., notes, vouchers, coupons, ..tokens, tickets, .· chits, or·,,,ny object other than the cash wage · (R.A. No. 10361, Sec. 25);· · . · Not.e: The employer. and .the domestic.Worker c. ·.lt:st:iall be unlawful for an employer; directly shall agree in writing on. the schedule of ttie · ... or indirectly, -to, withhold the wages of -the . wee~ly .res.t day' of )J:ie domestic work~r. The employer. shall'· respe,ct the :prefer~nce or the domesticworker (R.A No. 10361, soc. 28); and. · .· ·dome$.tic.worker as to the .weekly.rest day when· .su.cb·pr~ference is ~a~·ed dn .religious. groun't!s . ~- It shall be. unlawful for the employer to (R.A.Npies of the pay slie,s>tpr ij! •p;er.lbd·.of consent o7(fa{i_th{')ri'tation (!RR of R.A. 'No: 103!51, · ·.·..· three (3} years (/RR, R.A(<#"o. ftJ3'€f.1:,;;;rRu/0 Sec. 6 ;j . ·.'> ·. ·. · . ·. . _ v J·· ~' J• 'I II · ' r ~ ·.. V, Sec. 2). . · 'Y,-,-:,· ·,~''ri. ·· · ·,:·:.N ,.;, · ·i/ , .. 1 · 't; . . . · . · . . · .. _ : ·. . ·\: . .,' ... · ·. ... . . . · . ~:/v ~:i:-?)~~) . ~J~1 riis: '. .Exce_~!}~!)~v,R.w.~11~irigcie~ucti?nS ~re allo"".ed:' .16. Th.e dom~s·t,ywo~~e~~hall b~:-.~.ntt!J.ec:J.'ff!'.~11Ol~~..~. r.::.4 1.. · Dech:!cli.Qn§.:..ar-~:. ~ll.9wed !f tl:iere JS. a wntten .·. b.en~fits .un.der. ex1s.ting rawit.·ff!-(6"!.!'(V9\\1036J11: agree.~e~t to.suc~·detlucti?.n;· '. . . : · Seq. 30); · · . <..., · \ .. ljt· . · , ·):·~:,.:~~ Co.n.tr1bu~1ons ti:> .SS~!. Ph1!Health o~ Pag~l~IC3 ,1T1t .. , · · .r-Q,A No · 10361· ""ec· ,.,,0,1.· · · · . ~ . . .. • . ~ · -~~ ..... - : : _.,- .: :,'-·.-: ... ft.".11.lt;ili".'"~ ~ ... · .· 1 u~ ·; ~ /I .. : ~ . -· .· · ;1:-enns and.Conditions of Emplo¥me'.nt:.. /:'~·~a:.!!.;..t@~Fo.f)J.ocm~ the employer may de.duct the loans . ···f: · Tb~.·employ>er spall saf(:!'gliard. the~'rtiealth,'.\~nd. · .. - , provided: · ... · ·. :· ·. ~ ·· . : · . ·,S~fe~f o~·..the .c!omestic worke~· in :~~lr~anc~ . . . ·· ·~·: , There !ihould be a wntten'sgr.eeme·nt;~·and._ . · with laws,. n.il.es· and.· regulat1or:i.s. ~ith:,due .b.: The·amountd~doctedshall.notexceed·20%. ' ., ... . . cons.id~ratiorfof the 'peculiar nature of dome~tic· · ,· - of tt,i;ka$amlfahay.'s.month.ly salar.y: (iRR of·. µ·:. . . . ~ork· (R:A.·(:Jo: 10361,:.Sec. 19);' ,. . .. . .. .· ·· RA./liq.·103{}1, Rufe IV, Sec:.·f1);. • ;· • 1 • 2: .. E;x1ent ·of P.li!Y -· The doines'tic worker and ·the . · ·· · · ·" ' · .. ~mployer may mµtuaJly: agree for th·e former to : ~ote.:.Th.ep~ov'.islo~on lo~~ a_ssi~*irice·does ' temporarily· perform a task . .that .is ·outside_ the. .' apply _to ·work_lr:ig' children (/RR of- R.A. . No.·. · · latter's· household ·tor the ben.efit of anolh~r .. 103~·1,-Seai.10).. · · ·. · · . ·: h6usehold'{R.A. .No: ·10361, '.Sec. 23j.. . ·, . . / ~ ··· .. : 4:·. For loss.ancf damage.: .the em.ployer maydeduct. · · as. ]ong ·c1s. tt,e followi.ng ..conditions· are :met:· · ... ,N,pte;.~Any .liability\~a~ will b·~. in~urred ·!:>,,.-.the · (~QAD) . .. : .. ·· . · .·· ·. . . · domestic· ·worker on account ;.,of such a. The· kasatiibahay' is clearly ·sl'iowri-..to be . .. ·.~ · .: ar'rangei'n~nt . 'shall be borne by the·. 9rigihal .· . ·. ·.B,esponsible for. the:lo~s or;da·mag.~; . · ... : _. . :·:employer·(R:A. N9. ·10361, .Se,e.. 23) .· .. · . . b.~ .The Xa.sambaliay is .'.9iven' .)easonaole. ... . ,, . .. . . ;. . . . . . ·.· : ·:-.. . ·. . . . . ~- .. · . Qpportunity .to sMw. i,yhy. dedi.JcUon ·sliquld · :3.:.Assignment to: Household··Work ~ No domestic i:lot be made; . :· . . . ~ . . worker shall be: assigned . to. work .. ·jn ·a c. · The total Amol:Jnt of such deductio.ns is fair. . ·· c·omn,erci9i, .ir.iduitrial -or agricultural ·enterpFise and reasooabre· and shall. not excee.d. the . . at ·wage·.rate 'lower th:an· that 'provided for .. : actu~r l.9ss or· dam.agef; and· . . agijcultural or nonagricultural .worker (R.A. No. 10361, Sec, 22); and · · · b'.
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. . ·, 2019 SAN BED.A
L!'W CENTRALIZED.B~
OPERATIONS
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S·PE,C·IA'L GROUP.S
SAN
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BED.I\ LAW CENTf!ALIZED !MR OPERATIONS:~ MEMORY AID 20,9
The deduction from . the wages· of the 'kesembettey. Qoes not exceed . ·20%, his/her wages in.a month (/RR of-R.A._ No. · _ 10361, Ruley, Sec, 6j:·
2.·· l(the.ci'uration lsnot determined, the employer or kasambqhay may give 'notice to end the relationship five (5.) dayl:; before. the Intended terrnlnation of employment (R.A No: 10361, : 'Sec. 3-2). ·
or :
·Prohlbition on Debt Bondage It shall-be unlawful for the e'mployer or any person . acting O!) beha.Jf :of the employer'. place th~ domestic WOrkE1r under debt bondage (R.A, _ !'Jo. 10361, .Sec. f5i . · .·. '·
. Te;mination qf - Em_ployment by. the . Domestic Worker:· · · · .... · . · · . _. .. · Tfil:l · Kasarnbahay _ may terminate the employment · · relationship 13t ·any time before the explratlon of the contractfnrany ot.ttiefollowinq causes: (VIC~VAO) Note·: Debt · Bondaqe refers 'to. the' rendering ·· a. · ~erbal or emotional .abuse of the .. domestic · · of servlce' by the -, domestic: worker as security or · . worker by the employer or any member of payment. for of . th.. e· house · hoId ;·. · . .. .: . . · . .. a. debt. where .the . ·lengtl)_ and nature . · serv!ce i_s ~ot clearly d~finE:d 9r_wh~n the val\;l_e 0_f_the . . · · -b, · [nhuman treatment including physical abuse service rs·n_?t reasonably appl.1~d in the paym.e_ntof : · ·. of the-domestic worker by the employer or · the debt (R.A, Ne?;_ 1036_1, Sea.. 4(a)J.. . _ _ .·· . anymember c;,f thehouseholo.. · Rights and Prlvileqes of Employer; '(r;:>ERT) . r • . • . _c.. ~ommi~sio~·,of 'acnme or offense agaiil~t... , 1. To require submission by the ~asamb'fJha~of:=~~"""-- .the domestic worker·b}'.·th~ e.mpl.oyeror any ·· pre-employment Qocuments; .: -~ , 1f £'~m.elT)~er of the household: · · · . .: 2 .. recover deployment gxP.er:ise.~,?. · ~. . \(_ ..• d:f ¥~0J~t1on~Y t~e -~mployet of the terms and . 3. .To demand,,Beplacement; and,,f.': ,.~,-~ ·.....~,?"·i;..~......_~.9p991l~-.Rs of the er:r]ployment-'.(?o~tract.and 4. To Terri')inate employment ,.§fBR· of~ .~"':" No. _..: .. · -~~otne;.-ft~~:~c1r.ds ~.et_f~rth under this law, ·. 10361, Rule v, sec: n. ff·,~ ,;_,,,,,,.~ .. '.'"~•.,,..e-:,.;)~t~J\~!&_ec\S~ preJudrcial_to t~e health of th~ t::J.-...., ;. ·. {/. · ID) . JF "'W" . \do.me_s\iQ VKOtker. ·. -~he erf.lployer, . or frivlleg~d. Information ·;/ ·o/ l ir -~~': A:· U"em'·~.hls tbe he>usehol~; ?Ind_ . - · .- : . All commu.nioation and ln_for~l~~-.qertainfj)Jlto the f. ~ther ;~~~e.,&'\rnalogousto tne foregoing employer or membets of. t,liie.Jlous_~.hold~shall_ b~ '.:".,.. f'J~· Soc. 33). . . ·_ . treated· as t>~vi.leged·and ·c9,h'ffa-ei:1tfa1;·and if~aif~ , 1 ,~,?' · · · : . i \ . : } . ·• - · ·: · · · be publicly ·disclosed.by ttfegd3>~:~sti9w~~r;i:11J"ril'\g:~itmat':-~te;, f=: ,!!!!! W,'fh~V~~1s_t!fi~d- ._Any_.ur:ip~r<-! sal;:1ry_· · and af~er·emµloyrnt;int. SUC'J? T1tivll~9M Y.Jt~\JJ.atifill·":;...-.C: due. not·?~~tdi~rr!he~e.~uryalentof -1~·days,~hall·be shall be inadmissible in ·eviq;e;Fl~~cep'.'~~b~t ij\'e~· j ~rfei~j .... me Jempl0~er my rec9ver · from . the s~it involve~ th~ -~~ployer .i\..~ny·tt1em~~~tti,~~)9!!;9 y_.t~~ ...d~pl~ me~t ~xp~nses, lf any, if the .. house.ho!~ a.}:l'!me p~a,n~,! -p.ers'h~~; ~~); :. ..:; ] ,;P,,Z·{~t~as~termrnat,~- w1th_m~1x (6) rnonths from_. persoa_al ~iberty ~nd ·sE:c;:un~ •. and ~hasll\¥·fR' _.. ~~"'e fm~')}~R.A 1036.1;s_ec: 32). · _ .. _ : 10361, Sec. 10), , · '\.. · .,, · . 1:-,- /_ : /._,~ · . . .. . •• •• • .• ·-. cs;:,~ . · J' (!.i~ati\rJ...!,.~ate'i:tby·the Employer · · ·. _ .:_. . 1 Renewal_of CQntra~~ . · . ~~..(...;,,Q.t.,~-~=-""'!-~~:{~!n.e.\9~.P. may· te~lriate ·the. _e~ployment · Th~ parties ~ha!I· ex~~J.!.te a ne.w corltr~ct~~[b.e:.1'.~. ,fl', ~l~t~~~~at.apy, tin:re .before the .~xpiratron·of the - reg1st~r.ed with. th~ cqncem.ed baraoga~'l~!l;l_ey l V jJc~u~cf·for-.any:.of the foll9win~. cause.s~ .(MGFC~ ·. mutually agree to . _cohtinue their emj)loymen1=~'\7,AO). · ·: . ., .. · . ..relatiqnsh_ip(JARofR.A No. 10,Jf;J, Rule.11;.'Sec. 8)'.· :. · · .. a.. Misc_:_6riduct.::6r ·willful diso.bedience ·. .by -the .. · · · · -· · ·dorrie.sti~, wor!<er of th.e lawful . ord¢r ·of .. -th~ . I( the p·artie.i;;fail. to .exec;:ulea new contract, .the ter~s empl9yer in connection.with tl)e ·for{Fler:'swork; . and_ eondifions of .the 'orig1nal ... c9nfract :arid, ·other b.· .. ·Gross·'.or habitual ·n·egl,f?Ct·,Orinefficier.icy by the·. improvements granted during. th'e. effectivity of safd . :domestic.worker-in the performance·of duties-;· ·contract are.deemed-renewed (IRR.ot'R.A .No. c. fratld oi-'willful breach of-thefrust reposed.by 1.0361,· ~q.19. ll ... Se"b. _B)~. · -. .4' •. . ·J· .t~e _emplOyer-011 th;e .donie.s.tlc WOrker.~ -_.; .. ·
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. Note: Domestic ,work~rs cannot acquil"e r~g~larity of . 'employment. All the '';ndi'cia .of regularity.·remain abs.entJn· :.t~e E;mpl_oyment pf -don:iestic ·helpe'ts (CH.Al:', f?ev,e.weron tabor Law). · . . . · _ Pre•T~rmin~tio.:, ·o'i Empi°oy,n~nt: . . . 1, If thEf p~fiOd· of .
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. d. . ',&cim.missjon of . ~ .. crime ..or. offens~ l:?Y. the.·. dOTl")eslic,.worker' agajnst ,the perSOl'.f·.Of ttie> employer. or ·any 'immediate_ m·ember Of' the. . emp[oyer's"f~mily; .... ·· _ .. · . ,.. · , . _ e. ~iolatioR _by_ the dom,estic worker of the ·terms _. .and-·conc;litioris of the. etnploYJllent confr.apt and- :. ·other standards set forth .u·nder'thi°$.law; · _· · · t: - &ii ·disease ·prejudicial tc;, · ttie ·health of .ttw domestic 'worker. the 'emplo.yer: or'n,ember/~ of the househoid; and ·. · ·... . · g .. Qther ·causes ·analog'~us ·to ·the foregoing. (R:'A. · .· No. 10361, Sec. 34). . ·: . . • . · ........
328 I 2019 SAN'BsDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS
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SPECIAL GRo.u~is SAN Bt~A-LAWCEN_TIW.IZEDBAfJ OPERATtq,N,s- MEMORY.AID2019
for
Note: Effect When Unjustifit:d.:... Employer shall pay. the kasambahay the earned compensation plus indemnity.iri .. the amount equivalent to.15.days work
(R.A. No. 10361,_-Sec. 34}..
.. Motion Rec~riside~~tion . . Ariy aggrieved party may. file to the Reg_ie>~al Director. .. a. MR from the compliance order ow1fh1h ten (.10) daysfrom receipt thereof (/RR of ~.A. No_. 10361,
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RuJe·x1, $ec. 3). · ~mploy~r's Unlawful Acts: (C2D3W) ~· · TJ:l~ following ..a~t~ are dee.lared ~nlawf~I: ". ·. · · 1. Employment ·of ~hi.ldren below 15 years of ·age;k 2.- ~harging. 'aoother houifohold for temporarily
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Issues unresolved· through .. settlement shall be .. referred to ·the proper D.OLE. Regional Office for· decisions. Th~ resolution ·of ·t1\e. MR 'may . be appealed to the Secr.etary of DOLE Within 1.0 'days from receipt thereof .. The .decision of the Secretary .. of OOLE shall be final andexecutory (/RR oi
perfO!lfl~d task~ . . 3. · lnterference-lnJhe Qlspos.al of ttie wages of the . .. ~asambahay; ·: . . · ., . A. 'Requiring Qeposits fot leis~ damage; · . · : s·. Placing the Kasarnbahay.llnoer:Debt tfondage; '6. ·· Withhol~ing of Wages.a~ the 'KasambatJaY:(IRR
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party underfhe RPC and other -speciat :penal- laws .. shall be filed with tne:a.ppropriate courts .-(/RR.et R.11.. ·
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Any abusedor exptojted domestic. worker ,shall be· /~ . No. 1.0361,' R4/e XI, Sec. 3). · immediately rescued. by a municipal ~r city socj;:i(';;:J ·. ·· . · · .welfare. o!(icer so_c(a1. we!f~re offic_edr.omf . D$yYD m 'coordination _with the· c_oncern.ed_bara~Q~t~·tJ'(\ . . · ·. · .. · · · : . officials_. The.. DSWD .and the DIL~ shall·dev.el~p standard operating. procedure for the. resc1:,~,ar{9p'fl";,-11; · rehabilitation of .abused .domestic work~_r-s'_,(.1and· in:;,' f'il. · · . · . coordination with the DOLE. for possit,il{(c;ubsequerµ_kD ,f ., y,, · . .
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. A11· 1a.1?o.r-r~lated_ d1:>p,~tes. _Shf!1~E!e·.me-:cJ::,p.etore tt}y.~.· ·ART;~~~ ~~1JLATlbN ·OF .INDSUTRiAL D~LE F.1eld/Provmc1~1/R~g1011a( ·=Offl~e~.-h~!!),9. · -··HOMBWO.RW:,EiR~"~~r ·· , . .. jurisdictiqn ove.r ttie workplace"/Sych~i$p~1es.sf.i~lt; t;i. · · · :-,..,·. ,,~,,· •:..f;: . · · . . go through . J.tie -~0-day. mandtton,;::69tj'.~ilialiool :( 'I. rnd_us.tria~ ffomework IS a. ,sy~tem of. product1~n . 111ediati.ori·Jo exhaust all .efforts·toP--se~~m~t (!RR ~: ~f-un~_~r .which_- work. for a.n empl_oyer or_ co~tract_cJr_1s_ ... · ofR A ·No 10361. Rufe xr:·sec 1) , .,~"~.l~S:t out-by a . .hor.newo.fker _at h1s/~er. hpn:ie. • • .' • : > •• : • . • • ' • :· •• _.'· ~ :.·. _ .... '.61;~.1tt'.·g~t.~ri31~:t·!J1.~~- or 'may .. npt __ be ·.fumishect .by the : Note, Th.e Regional birector has Jurll!ictioi\i'Q"ver : ·: ·. employ~r or c~mt_ractor~. lt,d1ffer~ n:or;.n reg~lar tae:tory . simple: money . claims· ·a .·J
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.~ompliance ..Qrder ·.. : . . · In' ca·sa·. the·· parties .. fa1I to :reaGh,-a seWemenva · . mandatory:coriferer,ce .not :exceeding 30 da.ys' shall· b.e,.. · :_.' 6on_c;t4cte~ .... · ·;. ·by_. ·. . . the.. ·.. bbl~ Field/Provinci~I/Regional Office "fro'ni the ·referral .of · · t~e. u_ns~ttl~d· di~p.!,,jfe (iRR ~-A, No. 10361, Rule .
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The " DO~E.-Re'gional Director ·shall. · issue a . C6mp.liance Order within 1.0 days suai:nission Of the case for resol!,Jtion (/RR, R.A. No. 10361, Rule·
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Or .othe~_·. ·premises. u~ed rt;!gularly. iri whole ·or· \n .part,· as . dwelling. place·, . e rel="nofollow">
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N~te: T~i3_-30~d.ay.perj;d.n~fer$ ·toJhe time'Within which the mai"ida_to·ry confei:~nce shall.b~. _c9.nd1,1ct1;1d from referral;· af)d· not the· length/duri:ttioli of. the . . cori{erencEritself.{L.k No.· 17-'18, 'item VJ). ·: .. .
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N,ote: .. Ruie stiali appiy to E!ny. homeworker ....,ho . '. ~r(orms, in. or. about tiis home, ·any P.rocessiri_g· of\ ·goods··or rtlateri~ls, in whole or !n part, whlch'.have bee·n fumished,"directJ.yor indire<;tly, by an employer anc;I ttiere~fte·r to .be returned: to the· latte·r .'(tRR of
LABOR- CODE_, BO_OK°III,Rule Xiii; Sec. 1),
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'::"·> .. 2019 SAN _SEDA LAW CEN_TRALIZED_S-AROPE~TIONS 1--32~
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A ~hous·~-lielper. mirJ.iSters to the personal. needs and c;b,mfort of his employer in,. the fatter'~ hOme (/RR .of.the Labor <;ode,.'Book Ill; Rule XIV,
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A 'homewoiker perform~ ·rn or aboufhis-home any processing.or f.abricatipn of _good_s 9r rnaterial_s, !_n whole· .or. io pa,t, · ':"'hich hayEi . oeeri .fu.rnis'hecl:' . directly· or .indirectly by . . . . an · .. emplpy.~r .. ' and ·thereafter · sold or returned ... {o . the latter (iRR dfthe Labor Cod.e; E'oqk OJ; Rule XIV, Sec.
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Note:· Homeworkers shall· recei\ie not less than ·ther prescribed' rnlnlmurn. wage rates ·U~d~r 'the Regional Wage Orders for normal wor:king hours which shall not exceed eiglit.(8).tiours a day or . ? · proportlon : thereof ,'(201.9: Handbook . on
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· Worker;s Monetary Statutory Benefits;
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~Where· Co~pl_~ints sh_ould be .filed : .... 1.
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- grant~d .by_law to legitimate lal;>or 9rganizations · upon issua11ce of the certificate of. ·regi~tration (P.O. No. 05-92, Sec. '4); and. · ·
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: Money cl~1ms:·.bf homeworke~ ·. · . . , . · . . pq,000 per homewor~er 7 .Reg1.~fQ-~~ftt.or.,:.="';'~£ fi!TIPJO~r~~f?.ontrador, or ~ubcOntractor ·shall . · 2. · Beyorid_P5,000 7 t-:JL.:RC: (D.9r;ff· Q~2rSec.· . ·.. dedtl~_fr(e"!TI t-.ip.~'.e.wo~er!searnings for the v~lue o_f .. 10). . · . · . . ·fr_¥')/~~. .~--: -mate~r..!?IS\._~1-lh~~-bee_rrlost; d~str~yed. sorl_e_d or ·t·. · J'oJ ·. i .. -~Jberw1'~<3'~~~~. · nless _the .follo\\fmg conditions
.-Prohibited . , - .·Homework · .: ·
. · f./'J:.F" :~. "'~;:)!f'·. f. . I !':JO homework _sh13II· be pertofm~d .~f th·~· i0ilowrng: (DEO~.: ·. . # ,..-7;:lf.· .· r,- . · ... ·
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).. The ~ome"¥-Qfk,~cRncern~d'Is clearlyshown to 6e~spons1bl(~~!'e loss·or:damage; 1 .. Qrugs ~nd p~isons;. · /f"r4:;·U: .· .. · "\~"'.,_r. . 2~~1hif8 h~"!li~ork,ri is ·g1ve_n. ·. reason~ble:_ 2. _sXplOSJVeS, fireworks a1:d,S_!,I.Ujlff art1clef; ar:if{. . - _ opp9~rnty .!]0'~St-j8W cause- WJly _dedUCbO!']S 3. Q'ther.ar:ticles, t~e i:iroc~ssi~~-f w~iclJl:requ,_r,~~5~,; .. ~h9-W.9J>tb~·r:r)a_d,·e :'__ . .' . ·. . . e.xposur; tq tox,c subst~qef( _R ':J.ifi/r.t:E;,'f',ij· ;'!r'11ie~ou,t~~,:;sc,;h deducbo~. 1s fair and ,
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AR"f-lCJ;E 152: ~EGULATIO~._OF'.'~~R decrtfction_: { made·-}lt·s~cti rate 1bat th~ . OF .LABOR _· . . .. . .. ''.\, . . ~- · ,<."'r:~E·;~ ~t\ ~§hi·o~f dedµcti!d ~~~s._not:e?(o~ed-2.0% of the T~e ·rilles ancj_rngylatlons to .b.e~1ssue.'d,;$b,~!l~~Rji>fl)e~,Jket~eamrngs rn a.week (D.O,·No. 05-:. dE:s!g.n~d to ~ssure _the· m11:1mtl~: ,.t6~~!~~.io:-~i:J;:2{~e ,..,- Blf'. .. . . ·. .· . ·.-~. · · .. · · .. · tc;mditions qf employment apphyable~t.Q,-:ifl'~sp:1al.. 1,, 1,f ,\. \~_\.~ ;:/~ . . .. . · · . , . , . .. . . ·.. ·homeworkers -1or field. persori_nel ihv.olveq':'(-~.~.QR.. J:v ~jJ,£-~ 53:'QISTRIBUTIOl>I -QF. HpM_l;WORK · f9DE, Art .. 152) .. : ,·. :. ::· ·. . ·.. · ';. :'.~"°"""~~ployer,. ~f:'·Hom_eW~rkE:r$-· 1s, any- n'.'1tu_ra! :?r . . :··. _. · . · . · : .. : · .. · . ·.. artifjgii:ll pers·an_whQ, for·tils'.oyvn·account.or bene.f1t,_·;· ·Rights and .Benafit_s· of.Homewor'!<ers ... · · ; · ·. · or _on behalf _pf_ any ·person ·r~sidfn·g ou~side-Jhe V :Right ,tpin~s.- qirecuy.: or• indir~ctly,_ pr· through any . . . . shall :·have· the ·rigrt ·,~() form, ,join .. o~:· ~ss~~t,.. . employee.~agent, CO!""!th;ic.tor, .sUjHOfl.tr.actor; or ~ny. · ·organizations.~ oJ th~ir. ··Own-. choq$mg, ·,~ .. other petsor,: . · . .. . · . · ac.cordance,With!aw;. : · . · .. . . :1-,. Delivers. -or caus~S·· -to· be deliv.ered any ,goods, •; ••• • • • • • : '· • •• • • • : '· •• ' • • < articles or· maferials:to ~e prci.cesse<J;)n or about . · . ·:: Note: D.O. No.-05-92,.repfacil)g Ri.!le XIV-pf.the a, home,",and thereaflE1J-to "!;,e. returned or to be .. ~tiles lrnplemer:itlng· Boo_k.IJ l"cif'the labor' Cod_e. : . . . . 'disposed,of:or .disWb.U!~d in accordance with his .. · ·. · . · -. _authQri:i"es the.formatio.n_an·d registr~tion qt labor , .dii:ecW:m";_ or·. .. · • • • organization ·,o_findlistrial, hom•eworkers.Jf als9 • · . ·. :. · .· make's·explicit-' the ··etnpl,oyer's duty ..~Q _pay~an.d·... ···2. , Sells, any _goods. arti9le.s "or ·~a~e'riaJ~ ·fo_r ,ttie_ ... .r.eh1itSSS,.PhilHealth and.EC.C pr~rt11u_ms 1D:Q. . · • :· pUfP95'3 of· having. ~l!9h.· goodi, · or .articles. · ..No .. '.05°9.21 Sec. 3). ··. ·.. · · · processed,.·in · pr abo~t: ~. home, and then. ~. · repurchases them ·.himself or .. through another · . ·Registr.ati~n of -Hon:ie""".orkers' Organizatia!"'· after ·such· prc:icessihg ·(O.O. No. 05-92,. Sec, .. ~ 'Any ·applicant home.worker orgar:iiiatio~· or·. · ·2(d)). ·· . ·· · · · · · .association ~hall acquire legal personality,, .. and · · .shali be entitle·d.- tcHhe ·.rlgnts · arip .Pr1vifeges I
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' 330 I 2019 SAN.SEDA LAW CENTRAUZED.,SAR OPERATIONS .. . . .. . .
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C~NTRALl~ED BAR OPf.R~ TIONS - MEMOR'r' AID :1019.
OF NIGHT
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Facility for ~ating with potable d~ntsing water; Lactation station in required companies; . . Separate Toilet fayilitles·for men arid women; .§Je·eping 6i- resting quarters in the ·establis_hment (R.A. No. 101·51, Sec. 4); and . · · ··6. · Transportation from the work premises .to the .nearest .point of their residence (D.0: No. 119-· · 12, $ec. 4). . · ·
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CHA.PT~R V: EMPL"l'QMEN:r. OF 'NIGHT ~}: · WORKERS . · . · · . 'Sec. 4 0/ R.A_' 10,1{51,. entitled #An Acf/~/lowing the {. · Employment of Nig,ht .wort<ers, Thereby Rep.ea/ing }t '. Articles· 1"30 and t 31· ot tire Labor· Code,· provides that new chapter is hereby insei-ted .att~r Book ";!( . Three, _Title llt.. · 'I,,
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· Right~ of Night'·W~rkers: (HTC-~2AD) 1.. ~ight .to free .!:!E;?alth,.~sse.ssment:.. a: . Before· ·taking up assiqnment as · night worker.: · ' b. At regu'lar'intervals.during such asstcnment; .AAT.ICLE.·1·54·:: coVERAG_E· . · arid · · · , ;A.ll;j:iersons. iivho shall 'be employed or P,!'lrmitte.dor · c. · If they experience health: problems during '.t: ' 'suffered to work at night during_ a period of not less ·. such an asaiqnment wh'icti are not caused: · tha~ sev"en (7) · consecutive hoLJrs •. .including the .. ' . . by 'factors ·other than· the, performance ,of ·interval. from midnight 'to five (5) o'clock i.~ the . ·right work (LABqR.COpE, A.rt~·155). · morning. Excepttho.seemployedIn: (FAMS).. . ,.._... · . · · · ... · . ·· . 1. fishing; . .. . -. 1'i. . · Nbte: With ~he exceptio~· of ·t~e fi.~dit:)g of 2, · ~gric.ulture;· · . ·. ... · unfltness for night work, .the fo:Jding of such 3. ·Maritime transport and inland navigation; ar,td··t;,' ~. ,,. \ · assessments shall be confidential and shall no; 4. §tock raising·{LABO/'.? CODE., Ait. 154). be USE!.~0 their detnment, subjett_ to_ applicable · · -: , · · · . · · . . .f., ,../ '•·•n,·r-...,:~ompa.ny.,p61i¢ies.· (D.o:·No. -119-12, Sec. 3) · . . t ,.,../ 7,,,1~7', "r·~ . .- _·:f~"t'J,:-:-,-...~··,,; • . . . . N1ghtWorke_r re ers to: . . · · . _,.,,,.._.., . '\j 1.-1 · ·~~· . .p,.-j· . . . , . ·. · ... · . 1. J;.ny' employ~d' person whos.e ~o~;,·(eqt,iire~t--J . . 2. Right 10..;:t-t_~e·Iransferred. to a s1m_1lar. !?b wh1_c~ · · _per:torman~e o(_ a substantial nurrl9efrof hoors q~,;.:'-i they_ aJr Uf\ t~ _.work, wt)enever praGt1c~t;>le,. 1f night wor.k .-.ytiii:h · excee'ds· a sp.e9tlj~ilin,~T,Ms 1,:) found liu?fit\',for w9rk du_e-. to health /ea~on~ . . : iimitsh~II befix.ed by the :3e~1~efr-yof.J,:ji~,,after_ ·(LA.8JR Ar(. t57), . . .. ~ ' . '·:.' consulting the workers ..r.epresentallves/lapo'i'~ , .. ·\ N 't" If j'· hh'tt f t · -1 · b , t· · · .. · ·. :· • · 1 /.,(s, ..- i, ,4.tJ'oR·cGDE= •1 o e: sue. , rans er. o a s1m1 a( JO . ,s no . .orga~1za!1011~ .and .em8 ?{Ers·:ib:~-}. -:.~~·: pi:"~(c'@tl}tq~~\,vorke_rs shall be. granted the 5~)-1 r· AA.rt, • d · :·. · ·h·;,.. .;'=r
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Right. to ·§:ocial Se.curity ·Benefits such as paid maternity leave· in accordance with R.A. No. 8282 anc;I .other existing company· policy or collective bargain[ng agreement· (D. 0. No: 11912, ·.sec. 6); and,- · . Right of Regular Workers to· be ~onsulted before introduction of : Night · Work (LABOR (;Q[.JE, ~r(161),.
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. AR"flCLE.157: 'rRANSFER .. ; Night· workers who _are ceitifie<;I as unfit for night wo_r.k, due ~o health "reason;:;, shall· b§l tr.ar.isferred, Vl(nen~ver ptacti<::able,- to-'a $iil:iilar }ob for"'which they are fit to work. .
Non-Diminution of M.~ternity LeaveBenefits. Nothing in this· Rule shall be construed to authorlze diminution or reduction of .the protection and benefits connected. with- maternity leave under existing law · (D. O. No. 119-12, sec: 7).· · .Protectlon Against Dlsjnls sal a·nd Loss· of ... Benefits . . . . .. · . Where no alternanve work is· available to woman employee Who is. not i~ 'a positlon · "render hight . work, she shall bealtowed tc:i go leave or extend maternltyleave, using her earned-leave credits, · ·
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A worriarr employee shall .not be dismissed·
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reasons .of pregnancy; :· childbirth and childcare • . lf·suc:"fi transf~r-to: a 'sfmilar job is _not practicable or · tespo~sibilltie.s: She shall. hot l0s~ th~ . ~en.e}its.· ttie wo"i"k.ers. are: unable to; render·.' night work . .for 'a regard~ng her e~pJoy'!lent statas, sery1onty• 'and . coonnuoue 'period ·of not l_es"i. than 6 . months upon a~cess to pro~~t1on·wh1chmay attach.to her.regular · certification of a competent public health authO"rit~==~~~t_wo!kpos,tion_(.q.o. N~: 11~-12, Sec. BJ_. ·. t~e wor-ke_rs shall be(gr~l)te~ the same·~~fi~s u! ~7~~59:.COMPENSATION. . .·. . ,?th~r workers who ~na_t?le to wo~ J~ 1~-~ss. "'-~ -;!Tl)! ~ompensation for night workers: in the form of A night worker certified _as__tempora~l~ u~f1t ~o,;.n~J;l!~--~a~ng tirJle';.-~ar. orsirnllar benefits shall recognize .. w_ork for a penod of less _than 6 m_opt6"ssha,!!,~!1),~fven the e~~Qtiontovide.aA\ernati¥.~-~· ii:if'}J !J J'""""""i U , · · · '... .'· - .. . · to .night·work for 'pregnant ~nd•'.Q\Jns]n~iVP.IOyeas~ARTIC.~.e'a§,1: ~IGHT.WORKS_CHEDULE . who could oth~rwis_e ~e-.c:;~ll~dj.JP,ori~o'p ~t:'l~Mc ,'€l. tz'~~~e~~-~lt-0?u9n'g.,:{~Ofk schJ!dules _requiring th·e. work. These measures may 1~blu~~:; : ~J~~t ~ ,1,~,,£~ 1'V16~ f rng~f wor.k'eFs, t~e empl~yer shall cons_ult , 1. ·.:r~ansfer to day ·,wo.rk·_-i,,_Pregnc\~to -,;.:~~9 kers:f repre5,;~tabve~/labor organii~tions ·. • ert'ployees- . shall be . ass19ned t~~day ~e~:•~c~~"! ned gn the_ d_etai1s of such ·schedules~and the .. before and after childbirth. fo\at.least~16Y(e~-5\JJ."" of~~ganizafJb!) of -night \h'.Or'k that i:lre bes.t : · to.·.be.?ivided between_the·um9\-!?~for~"h-4}ft~'-!.~'•·..;ac{a'f3!eftq,tl_\~ ~(a~lis~':'ent.an9,its persc;tnnel_. as · ch1ldb1rth.. . . ".: ,/, :,""''=.-. . ..-.=ll'Jell-tli! ''Qn,\th~Occupat1onat health measures a.nd ,. ~ ~ ~ . . · . . . · . · ·. ''..')., ~~ i·/ l>-. 1J :~?€la ·'>-'Services.·· which ?re: · required.. In Note: Medical cer,tificate issued. by cqmJ.'e4!nt fV..Ue~kb:tistfrnents· . _ ElJTIPloying· night · workers, . · '· .. j:i_h'ys_idans"is neces~ary f_or.the grant of: ,~....,;-:=-·: --.-,,cc5_nsultation·"shail . take· place., regular!'{: (LAB.OR · ; a .. Additional periocfo· of ·assignmenl to· d<,1y .· . ·C.ODE; Art.'.1°61). . . work for. not more. the.~ '4· weeks or for a · · ·· lo'nger period as- may l:>e agreed-upon; .. ' .. b. Extension ofm~ternity. leave;·and ... · SENio-~ . c. Clearance r'i'ight' work.•· • . .. to 'render . . .. . .. ·. Acj:'{R~A; N.o~:9994)'. . . ... : . . .. 2. · Pr~visiQ,,- pt -s~ciafseeuriti benett~- - ~~6iai ,
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security ben~fits,- .s~ci,:"as pa_id._rn'i::1ternity 'leave · . shall ··be provided ...to··: women . Workers ·. in · accord_ance with R.A. No. ·{3282 (Social Security. Act qf 1997) and· other .~xi~tii,g coi.npany' polfoy .. orCBA; .. · .. . . . . .. ' .. 3:. E~ten.si_on·of m~te-rnitY,_ leave ....:: where transfer... to work is impossible, a·\voman elJ'lployee_ rnay . l?e a.llowed to ext~nd her maternity-leave witho~t pay·or using earned ·,eave credits .of the" worker,. if any (D . .Ci: No. 119"-·1-2; 6) .. ·
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.-Senior.Citizen or Elderiy . . . . .. . .· Any · re~iderit. citizen of the Philippines at ·Jeast · 60 . y~ars· old {R.A. No. 999__4;. ~~c. 2(~))...... and VAT Exemption· . Senior -~itize~s a.re. entitled to, _the .grant 9f ·20%: discount and ·eJ5empti.on·from VAT; if applicable, on . the follqwing: · ., ·. · · · 1: .,Sale of go.ads and services:· , a'. . Medi.cine and dru'g purchases - generic or branded drugs,: inclµding influenza. ~nd · Discount
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pneurnococcal vaccines, and vitamins and sirilila~ places bf cu.lture/leisur.e7amusemeot mineral supplements medically prescribed. such ..as museums/parks (IRR· of R.A. No. by physician; · f}9'94, Rule JV, Art. 7,:-Sec. 4-~J. . _ b. Essential medical supplies, accessories and . . equipment .; include eyeglasses, he.aring 4. Funeral and Burial Services: . alds, dentures, .prosthetics, 'artiftcial bone · Such· services include p:urchas·e of caskeVurn. - replacements . e.g. . crutches, . walkers,' embalming;hospital morgue, transport of body · wheelchairs;' canes etc., __ geriatric-. diapers to burial site. . . . and other. essential medical supplies"/ accessories/ equipment; · ··· . · . · · Note: · The beneficiary or'· p~rsoo who -will shoulder the expenses shal~ claim the discount 'c, Me.~ical · and dental services in private . upon presentation of death---certificate . (IRR of .f.~cilities - includlnq.diaqnostlo and lab tests :R.A: No. 9~{)_4, Rule IV, Ar( 7, Sep. _6j. . · , · ,, e'_.g._x-rays, blood.tests thatarerequested by ·.- physicians' · · as · needed · · . for diq.gnosis/treatrnent; · · · ·No· Double Diacounts . .z, d. Professional fees' of attending physiciaris iri · _the . purchase of . goods and services on. private · hospltals; medical facllitles, promotional discount, the senior citizen can avail pf outpatient:' clinics and home heaith care the .establlshrnent's offered discount or "the· 20%. facilities; . .. .. . discount provided by ·law,. whichever is higher aod e. Protesslcnatfees of licensed health workers . /~ · · more favorable·(/RR of R.A: NQ. 9994, Rule IV, Art... · · ·providing home health care services (IRFJ-pt;i-;l/; 9). . R.A. No. 9994, Rule/\(, Art. 7, Sec -. 1). f' ,!r;:,· f ~). . · :.. . _ • . · • ·. . r ,-'>; f Other Pr1V1leg~s : . · . .· . ~ot_e: ·. If the medical or. -~~ntal s.eryices "f.~Ji,~ r- 1; J,.-.~;c-~~-lawal~o_,~rovi_desfor the follo~ing_·privileges: .. .availed, In gov~rnment facllities.. the 'law.,,.sJat~}{i_(j ..:,!;.,..~l~!.{]Jf~~a/:}/f}.tjtrninlmurn _y,,ag~. earner, the seruor that such services shall be free of cJ;ia(~e. The";, ,.f . c1tizel'l""'i$\ .entitled to individual income .tax : . professional fees shall likewise qe(tr'Eie'·(/RR ex~mptjpi·f/',(IRR ·ofR.A. {>Jo: 9994; Rule IV, Art. . . R.A- (Vo. 9994, Rule Art. 11, S~{::,.,.~1: ·11, )~'i. . . . , . . .. . . . .. · ._. · · _ . · . · . ,lf,.;. ::,.:~.;::,-:- .. 2, T_he s,~nr ·r c1~1zen ,s also exempt~d from trammg._ .· 2".. -Dom~stic transpo_rtation: · >;,'? \J~ it-- f;},·. ~e~_s;fo.r s· cioi~.rt. 20, Sec. 2).: ·. . · ·, · .. :. ii. Must be personally availed; no'proxy or .. . . ·.representative . .:.. .:.-· · ' - · . Note:"R .. A.."No.. 10645f~rtheramende"cl,.R,A: lil. Process· separately as: independent' · , · · No. 9994, providing· for. the·: mand_atory . . . transa.ctloi:,.frdrn·F1on.:S1igible cciris.um·ers . · Phil~_eal~h ·coyer~ge·for all. seniO~ citizens.. _ iy ... Apply, Most ·E~pensive · Meal""! · ·. d.· · Death benefit as~istahce· ~f ~ minimum of .Combi.natiorl · . (MEMC) · ~mount PhP2,000 shall be given to riearest"surviving corresponding to ..the··cornbination of the ·. · . . mCist expem;ive, anti . biggest single- .. relative ·-who took c'are af"senior" citizen. •·;, Althoug~ .the rules say that th.e ~enefit shall . . serving meal with bever.a"ge served in a apply to i~dlgent .senior citizens only, ·such_ · · . ·. · · ·quick servi"~e · restaurant (iRR of R.A.. · limitation does not· preclO,de tt.,e LG~s. from . No. 9~9{ _Ru_ie JV, Art.. 7, Sec." 3); giving th·e s-ame ~6 non-indigents (IRR of c. . Recreation Centers -~ fees(charge_s/rental. · R:A. No. !)994, Rule V, Art. 20,: Sec:4). _ · ·fqr sport.s.·facilities1equjpm,ent or venues; · · admissidn fees for theaters, cinemas_,. . ·concert halls, -Circuses, carnivals and ·othe~
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BAR.OPERATIONS - MEMORY A'ID 2.019
4. Qualified . senior. citizens shall · be -, granted
· determined . by · the National Statisti~I educational assistance · to pursue · post· .Coordination Board (NSCB) · of the National secondary/tertiary as .. well as Economic and Development Aµthority (NEDA) .vocational/techriical education in both private. for that year (/RR of.R.A. No. 9994, Rule -V, Art. and. public schools thru scholarships,. grants, 13, Sec. 2"). · · · financial aid; subsidies etc.. (/RR of. R.A No. · 9994,Rule JV, Art: 11, Sec'. ·s). · . ··· · .·· · · The Depa;tment of Labor a nd.Employment (DOLE), . 5. As far as practicable. and. fE)asibla; the .senior in ·_coordination with other qovernrnent agencies citizen' shall be grante<:1 continuance .of same 'such· as, but not limited to, the T~chnol~gy and .: ·behe'fits;and privileges· by GSIS; SSS and. PAG· _Liv.elihood Resource . Center (TLRC). and the . IBIG asthose in .actµal service (/RR ot R.A.:No, Oepa~ment of Trade and, Industry (DTI),· shall 9994, Rule !V, Art._ 11, Sec. "6), · · . . · · assess, desiqn and. implement traininq programs .: 6: ,·As· far as possible; -the govemrrienf'may·grant : that will provtde skills· -and· welfare or. livelihood special discounts on- sp~ial. · programs on :. · support "for: senlor' citize,:is (/RR R:A. · No. 9994, . · purchase ' of . basic necessities- ·_arid pr_inie·. Rule V~ Sec: 3), 'commodlties (/RR ofR.A. No,..!J9f!4; Rufe IV, Art. . . ·· · . .: · . '·. •· . . .· · · -11; Sec. 7).· . · . · ·· · .... Office.for Sen1,or_C_i:tlz~ns ~ffa1rs (OSCA) . . 7. Accessfble express lanes, or: priority lanes, in all~ The~e. :S~~II. · be t;!Stal::!l_ished in all. ~itiE:S ·-a~_d . · establishments (/RR of R.A. No: 9994; Rule 1.v._;_>=c-.:::-~1:m•cip_alttiesan OSCA t~ .be headed ~Y ~· seruor. ·A11.·11, Sep.Ji). · . .... . . · ·-:~ 1T -, ~•\L:~.Q.,~ho·.st,all-~e appolnted _?Y th_e mayor_tor a 8. Grant of a minimum 'of 5% di~t;oui;it1_"re1atite;to. \ ) }~.f:l1 ~f:~~~arsw.1.tho_utr~ap~o1nti:n~nt but ~1thout the· monthly 'utiltzation 'of water.c.3Rf('e1e!trleI_ty._;;~~~1·c~jtop~xt~ns,on 1f exigency so_ requires. supplied by the public utilities~ovidedt ~ . . f!. The individual meter ts _r.e'gis'tt.si!'.'"~r--tf.le~I~.:~p~~.,~~ll be chosen from a ltst of t~r~e (;3) . ·t·"1 .. ·.a.Y.-';i!"_,tf"· . • ">l>,, nominees ~s.,ec9n'h-nen'1ed by. a general assembly name .o f th e senior ct '6e,.q]e~19.1ng q1ere1n_1w h "of· ., --\~T -~ J'j,,' ·· · · · · · · · b. · Moh.~hlyconsuinptio~oes:~91-e~cfeeg 1'uh g~\ . .ffib ~~!'l'i~ l_.lZ;ll- o~an_,zah~ns. in th~ · city ,or k.V':'h of-elect(icity an<9~ of~pter (IR.R..:....'ri.~7>,• . · ofR.A. No. ·9994,:RU1' !1MJi'< 1_2, '!!!!'" Tho . O~C.e J>t.\the .M•yor shall exe,dse "<:;;~~-.· ~~i>E!rvi:;,ibn·ove~:ffi'°e -~9CA. relative to the.ir plans, . · Ava1lment ~f Benefits -~n~~~'iJt~g~.s : · . - i:;_., ~l]J);gtf~\ivitie:f·~nd pr~~i'.IDf;!~"tifr·.senior. citj:zeris· (/RR of For t~e ava,lm_ent of _ben~~·u~ ~!l-Qlpnv~~~~ndens::::c:::-R;ANJ. ~ 4, Fiule \i'l,QArt. 21. Sec. 6). ·· . · ·· the Act l:lnd Rules, .the sern
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E_rti~i~y~ent of Senior ~itize~s._~. ~·· l\.· ;f J\ "\~ • ;-'/. ·. . · ... ·· · . · . . · . . · · . : ,. . . . . . ·: Senior.citizens, wh?· ~a'(e ~e cap_ac:;,ty a~ oe~1e·to 1V !tN;~.t~.f~:JC-N_o,.10869 Y_t~S ap_p~oved_ on· Jur'le 29, .. work, or: be re::-empl9ye~; .shall .. be .provi_ referral~·- from employees . st,all . be· entitled · to ·an additional°· PF;.S.Os. -(D.o:· No. 179, Rule-2,-~c::"17k)).. · . ·· ·deducti<J~ -frqrrj' their gross ".iricofyie" e~uival_ent . 15% of th~ ~otal -arj'lo'tmf p~id as..s~laries and wag~s :N~{e: ·At-iis1<-x0Ulh r~fets.to· yo~~g adtfit~ _"who are. to_seriion':ltizens, $Ubject-lo"the provisio_n of Section less likely .to· transitiQn sliccessfu_lly fron:i· schopl_ to. .34 of _.the NIR~ •. _as arpe11de(f · To . ~vail ·of. the vyork, .: an·d · tfr · be :·fin~mcialiy· i.ndeperi.dent and ·deductions.; it is· nece~ry th~t~ econ<:1rriically_active members of comrnunity. This · 1: Such :empl_oyment.$hall. continue for a period of · includE:!S y,outh fro"m. low-income· ·household, ··with at least 6 tnonths~ and.. . . ., :·. insuifici~rit training and educatiqn,al, .background, 2. The annual inco~e of the senior..citiz~n does not ana .who are unemptpyed (D.'O.· No,' 179; Rule 2 exceed the lat~st pov~rty .; threshold as Sf:c.: 1(a)). ., · ·· · · ·'
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SAN BEDi, LAWCE!"TRALIZEDBAR OPERATiQNS.:;:.MEM.ORY7110:;o,9-
. Full·Cycle Em.ployment Facilitation Se.ivices .. The JobStart Philippines shall incl.ude )(ull cycle employmerit facili~ation .· services·· such . , as registration; client assessment, "life skills training with qne-on~~>ne ca"reer coaching; technic.al. training, . internship, orfor employment (D.O. No.. _179, Rule 3, Sei;: 1). . . :
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work shall b\? .ouly credited· to. the _trainee's number of training hours (0.0. No. 179, Rule 3, Sec. 6(a)). · ' · QUALIFICATIONS : . . . . To.qualify as a JobSt;;irt trainee, a person shall: (Fil·
. ·;-h·e Full · Cycle E~ployroent . Facilitation Services Include: (R.eLl-:Job~te.cijl_n) .·· ·. · · . 1, Registration and client assessment · · . . · : Tlie DOLE and.PESOshall advertise the.:date cif . t · reg.istration,. venue; .and ihdi.catil(e· schedute of • · • program activlties. Tl'i.e·registration pr0cess shau . . 'tie in a first-come.' first-served ·basis·. At-· risk youth v,;iho . are beneficiaries of . _,::antawicj · Pami/yang.PilipinoProgram.(4Ps) and DOt:E's . 'Special. Prograrri for Employi:nent of Students. . . (SPES) are encouraged to be given priority. The; _P.~SQ shall ·s~reen· and list potential trainees·:,,,.;) (.P:?· No: 1~~...-~ule3, sec. ·2J. ·.. . ·
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18-24- Hlg~-Not- No.wQrk)· 1.. · Filipino-citizen;·· . , ·· . 2. 18-24-yearsold at the _tim~ _of r~gistr,ation(those · who are.J? .year~_old .n:iay _registerfd proYided .. they will be ·18 before technical .training stage); 3.. .At.least High.school (1::t year or Grade 7); ,.. 4. Not in education, employment or training atthe time ,of reg:istra~on;-arid. .· . . . .5. . No work experience' or less .than · 1 year · of. . . . accumulateq._work (.D._Q. No. 1"79, Rule.4, Sec. .. 1):. . .. . .. . . . .. . . Note: The JobStart registrant shallbe consideredas · a trainee and notas"_an e_mploye~of.th_eparticipating employers for the duration of the_ tra,mng program (D.O. N.o. 179
~- -, ~!fe_~Kill;, .trau~ing. . . .· . . . . . _ . . . . . . 1., ;,.,. i.f-l{i•••~ . . . . Au:ns to _develop · and . enhance pers~r~1.. .",.i{iV.. ~Q}Jalificati~ps of Partner-Bmployers: . · C()':')pet~nc1es and e~e~tive work hab,~fffacilitate; in ca.se of .a thirc:J.:p~rty. · Th,e pu~pose ,s.t() find the. be~.~.P~Yittenl~r ;·. f?t train).ng.. provider,_- .. a : tec_hoical . V()c'ation~I .• ~in~e s pref~rence and the -~~ployef.r s~U ~ .' (;( · ·educatro.n anp training·. (TVET.J . to;· J(?i:1Start· .. requiremen~~- Best fit ma~,. me~p a~~ssi~_~e ,;,;; .•.~"'.i>'.~trainees and to,arrange. for the disbursementof ... · ·.iocation_ v,.,hil_e otl:ler ·':lay see~)cP-sp~,e_!P.c.:.~1.;.U,oi..:::~iiirernship stipend; .. · : · · . .. , : · occup?tion/t,.1~e·of w~rk,_ md1.,1stry,Breer Capacity to provid~ for ~P to three (3) months . ·.·J)~tenbal, qr a cor_nb1~at1on of.'.thes·f#.~\ntract may be "terminated: .... •. . .. . . ,..~( By the employer: · · . · · · ·. . ' ' · . .. 5. . ·internship . . . a. Habitual absenteeism· of.t!)e tf?i.hee; · . :· .The- p.erio·d sha.11· b~: at l~ast 400 ·~ou~s .(two , . · b. · Willful disobedi~nce· by- the .lrc!inee of the months)· but".not more· than· 600 hours ·(three .. .. ·.establishment's. rules, or insubo"rdinatio,... of . ' rnorith.s).... The daily intem.ship·"trainirig may be . ,i"lawfuf'ord~rqfa"superior; ~. :-. .: ... beyond up "to eigh't (8): hours ·a day provided that c. / Theft. or: mal~ious destr.uction of . tl)e · said. overtime shall. not ·,exceed two· (4) "hours .. es~bl_isl:linent's: property or... equipment by The time Sr?ent. on. oyertir'ne -stay an~ ho.liday . · fr/e trc!inee; ·
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d . ." Engaging in vio"lence or: other forms of misconduct in the training . '. or _establishment's premises by the trainee; a·nd · . · . .e.. Inefficiency or poor trainfng perform.imcefor a prolqngef;I. period pespite warnings· ·duly· given to ttie trainee. · 2. · .By the JobStarttrainee:· · a; Substandard or harmful working Q_oridltions . ... within the establishment's premises; . . : b. Crue"I and "inh'umane treatment; and- . c. ·Prolonged or 'continuing iilness (R.A.. No. -10.869, Sec.'_.16). · · · · · ··
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The rule" shall c!PPIY to all business enterprises which includes: (SMC) · . . . 1. §.~lf-er:nployed or own-account workers; :2.. Micro; small and medium enterprises; and 3. .fommur'lity-based .business · enterprises and . cooperatives (J;J_._Q_: No. 180, Rule 2?. ·.
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The .followin"g "incentives. shall· be. provided to
qualified buslness enterprises-to encourage them to . _generate·ad sustain-green jobs: (TaExBuSFi) . · .Y Tax:ded.uction .. . .. . · Equivalent to 5.0% of total· expense for skiils · Grievance Committee . t~ainirig.t..11.ih ·a{fioiji'lt to b,~.:~.._8~~":i'~itm~ter tlfie gralilwD.0. f':lo. 180,_ Rule 3, ,Sec. determined by the DOLE (RY{',,;.N.o,lto8l5!~,.6~~-1"8f.'I!P. l~.1,1,.J,,,.?'/1:4'3·. £:), ,1P.o..~ ll . . · . . · · \i.I...Ji .,. \ · . (),~'\,:,'>~ ~I . ;, 't H . . : . · .. . '. · · .· . ~' · \ ... ~"':> "''<_;§'!.,,. · _1;, es~ Nh.eloprfient s_upp()rt .. .. _ : . ._ ,}. .. · . . ff ."-. : : w.iJ~supp~f t~rl:' prot?fypmg/modelling of GREEN JOBS AC'F. · . ·S-:;; '.'~~~hn5.>Jd'g~es,.cjnduc~mg_assessm~ntto mateh . ·. . · -~ · ~ C :E1-...I.£\i:.;:WiJ¥-1olog1~v(. n~_ds : and deman ·.develop clean. •• · · ~- , • -'· ~ • .,.., N ~E{chr:i,o.tqg1es,prov1dmgtechnical written guides,. :.. ·. . · ·· · · · : . . · : \l-:"'-::;-l · . 1+J.t! t\.\13f.~t~d\Jres/ir:istructions/training o.n .. clean. Note: R..A. No. 10771 was apf)roved on ~prlt.~~.=,.,!L,~(!!c~nology·(.o._o:No: 180'; Rule a, Sec. 6). · 2016. · - · · · · 4. §pecial business facilitation· program_ · , · · : DT-1 thru· · N,egosyashall ·. develop . . . . . . pl_aris/progr~msfo_r dev¢1.6pmentof green 'goods · ·-Meaning'..ofGreen Job.s, .. . .. (D,O. No.·.180,.Ru/e.3; S_(jc. !). .• . · Green jqbs refer.to,en:iplciy'ment ttiat contfibutes: to 5. Financial a~sistarice pr.ograrri ... pres~rving_.· "6r ':.restoring_· .. the, ·. ciuality .. cif: the PrElf¢rential_, · ~ finc3ricial · pc\lckages'.. · from environment,·. oe·. it in _the agricu_ltu:re, industry .or "Government ) .. Finan:¢iar . "Institutions,in .. ,.... · service~ sector..Gre~.n jobs are oecent jabs that ;:ire. · ·. consl!llation wit!J BSP (D:9. No: 180, Rufe 3, productive,. respect. the rights .of \:'Jbrkers, a·eliver a Sec. 8). . . ·- ·" ·. · · . ' fair :income;- proyide. security ih fh~ Workplace pl'l~. .>· M.9nit?r!ng soc_ial .P,r;qtection··tor families, a·nd 'prqm_qte social and E;aluation System · d_ialqgue·. This ir:iclu<;lesjbbsft1at· Mlp-to: · · "The DOLE, in coordi11ation with .the ·,PSK" ·PRC· . · 1 :· . Protect ecosystems and biodiversity'; . . TESDA,.DepEd,.CHl;:D, DOST, DTI, and DOF-, shali 2. · R:edlice.. .energy;-: ·mate.rials ·. ,md water· develop ancl;-(Tlaint.air,i da,abas~ Ofl green careers,· . consumptiqn" thru hig,h e.ffi_ciency strategies;· professi911s, skins and list of emerging busii:iess · 3. Decar'bpr:iize the'ecqnom.y; and·_; . . enterprise tharger1erate. and si,Jstain green jops as 4. · Minimize qr. altogelner ·avoid.. generation of all well as. business. enterprise which have availed of· f9rtns of waste and pollutiorf(D.O. No.· 180, Rule tli-e.incei)tives._granted underthe'·1aw (D,O. No. :180, ·. ,1, see:. 3(p)), ·· · · · · · Rule 5,: Sec. 1). · · .· .. . .
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·Alt lands· of the Publlc domain ir:l -excess of th~ specific limits as determined by Congress. . 3. All other . lands owned· by the Government · devoled toor suitaQle for agrl~ulture. · 4. ·All Private 'tands devoted to or suitable for agricultu're·, regardle.ss of products (R.A No..
. ·AGR.AJUAN LAWS·· Agrarian· raw refers to. the distribution of pubiic agricultural lands, large estates, and .regulation of . the relatlonship between· the landowner and the. farmer who work.& the land •. It embraces ~ii laws. relating to l~n.d pr to' the .ownershlp orvdivlslon . thereof; . governs· and. requlates the .rights and .. relationships. over ·agricultural lands between landowners, tenants, lessees.or ag,ricultu'raf workers
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The SC declared unconstitutional the· inclusion of· lands devoted to raising of livestock, poultry; and · swine within the terms "agriculture": The reason ls ·bacause in livestock,. poultry,· or swine. farming, no land.ls tilled and no crop 'is harvested. ·Land is not .. the primary resource iri raising of 'livestock, poultry ·Or even .swine .. Livestock, .'poultry, or 'swine do. not sprout .fro in the land, hence, they .are/ not "fruits of the ·land" (Luz Farms vs. Secre'tary of Agrarian
(UNGOS1 Agrarian Law and Social· · tegisiation . ,. . ·:··(2.013)! p,..1) [here/hatter,UNGOS].. · '
. 'i;iE·COM~~NSIV;E/· .:
· ~eforin, G.R. -No.86889; December 4, 1990).
AGR:A.RJ..A:N REFORM: LAW'·
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'665·7'aiatiiended~~' .:)1/ coveraqe. Theto · right ·of each indigenqus cultural . · .. .· · ·. : J,· ./ ~;/& ·:cornm_uoity their ancestral lands shalt be
'(R~A~··No. .· · ·
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R.A._No. 9790)
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~1}~,; •. ,\~;{~: protected. and the systems of land ownership, land se.tu1ng 1and disputes must be recognized . · · · · · •1"•·J.#1,,s· d't. 6t"ct (RA N 6657 S . 9) · . · Not~:··.$ec 7.· provides· that land ··acqui~tli9-'f a&:J~~j~r---;,.J).I.L!~2::1{ ... ·0· " ·' e~. ·. . .. . distribution shall be completed ·~y J~r,~;.:i9, ~Q14_,t)J "Retention i,.1'r1\its · ·. . Nev':l~heless, the L~w au~ho~zes \,t1eflDA~ 1 The landoin~r'~hall have the right to retain not.more c_onll~ue·~o proce~-~··?nng. ~o final.\tt a,9,,e~E;,~¥}.~a~~ . },) · th,3°'n. fi,ve·,5(5~ If~· ctares of his landholdings. T:he cai,e .oq~roc~edlng mvolvmg t~~J~p!ent~.At·1A9°·0f .. ·i'!\ retainedlre~ ne 'd not be personally cultivated.by 1t the.agranan r-eform law·a1reacjy:.pend1Qg ·~s of Jut(fJ-\ !:,!, .] · b d · · '"' ·. · .,,.. , d iiw· :· .'•t.o ·b t '·m· hu the. 1an~9wn11r. Cl'.J t1vat1on can e one Indirectly 30·, 20 1 4 ,· · even b eyonu sa,~,~- a '"':l·"'o usu t'· .. th··'i7it'.~...-""··--..-,--,. (RAN A .. i DAR 'G R N 2·iff_ N ''v'i!'mb rou::1.'.'11'~y,q,r,;1;i~JU!.~•ra. 1·,ion.. : .... . o:. 6657 . . ' s·ec.
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of. ·the ·,an.downer a.re entiiied to three .. If t~e.lando"Yner owns more than · Definition of Te.rms . · : /.~--:--:-...,.."::li.f1v9-t~~ares of agricl!ltural .land, the excess ,;'lre-:1 .. Agtariiin reforr:n involves redistributiei?.[\ o!,1aqct{to. n:iay be awarded to the childrei:i. provided ·that s.ah;I • . farmers· and. regular farmwork~_rs w~o· a,~~1.ess: child should tie: . · . . • .· ·includes - altematjve, arrangements. s.u~f.i..'as labor 1. · At least.15. y~ar~ olq; ;;ind . ·· .· admirii~tration, profit-sharing and stoo~ dis~rib.utiori 2. Adually, tilling or directly :m.anaging the farm
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(~:A: 6657,.~ec, 3fa)). ·
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Agricultural· ljind refers: . to land: devoted to ... ·agrlcul(ur.a~ .. acti'!ilY and n.ot dassifled as"mjneral,. · fore~t,.: residential;. con'im!:)rcial,. · or Industrial· [!:Ind
;.
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(R.A. No.. 6fJ57, Sec.6, par:.. 1)... The right'to choose the. re~ained .area belong. to the lanc:lown~r. subject .to the.condition that the retained area:·· . 1. ·: S.hould be. compact and con'(ig1,.1ous·; and
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2. · Do!:)s .not exceed· the ·five:tiectare' limit.. Note: JHhe sel~eted· area Is tenanted, such: teriant 'shall have.the option to choose wt,,.ethet:· .. 1. Tq r!:)ma.in ther!3in -. t"ie will· tie aonsid.ered as . . · leaseholder,. tful,s, he 'shall. lose the right to be a : ti!:),:ieficiary. . 2. To be. a· beneficiary in the same· or another . agricul,tural land with similar. 0( · comparable features - he shall lose ,hi's.right·as leaseholder .. (R'.A. 6657, Sec,. 6, par. 2): .
Sccfpe· :· . . . R,A.·Ji.Jo ... ·6q57 applies Coniy ·to a·gncultural !ands, whe'tf1er public :or. privat~ .. It . does: ·n·o.t i'(lcl.ude . residential,. 't::bmmercial, industrial, mineral and ·. foi:~st' rand (R.A. 6657, Sec. 3(c)). .· '· ·: · ..
No:
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~pecificafl.y, the following lands are.cover~d; (AIDIPub-Gov~ PriV!ate) . · · . . . :. .· 1: 'AJI Alienable and Di~posable land~ of the· pµblic . . . domain cievo~ed or suitable for agriculture.
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2019 SAN BEOA LAW CENTRALIZED 1;3AR OPERATIONS· . . . . .
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Original · ho~estead grar:itees· or 1heir direct · compulsory heirs .ef Iands shall. retain the same areas as rong as. they continue to cultivate the homestead. Accordinqly, the tights.of homesteaoars ' . are superior to the rights- of'tenants.(R;A. ·No. 6657;_ Sec. 6, par. 1).
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If all factors are present:
CNI
:x 0.60
+ CS x ·o.30 + MV x·0.10 ~ l.and'value;
If GNJ is not presem: . CS x D.90 + MV x 0.10 = Land value:
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If CS fs not present: . . -<;;NI .x OJ)O ·+ MV x 0.10.= Land.value; ..
. . I~ case ot.spouses, tlik extent. of the right to, retain · depends Ori the property regime· as follow.s.: ·1 .. If absolute ·comrtturiity or conjugar.partnership ; the Sp'OUS.e$ can only retain up .to 'five. {5) hectares; . . . ' . .. . . . . 2. If :separatio.r.J. cof . property ., each. spouse can · retain five,-(5) hectares {UNGOS, supre at 17).·_
If both CNI arid CS ere notpresent: . . MV 2 Land value (1 ·uNGOS,. supr_a at 52).
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·. Generat Rule.: The value ofthe property' at the t11T)e '. of taking shall .he the· basis. If possesston is taken Commer:cia,I Farms . . . . .. prior; toexprcpriation proceedlnq, the vatueshculd 'Commercial farms shall .be subject · to immediate beat the time of taking possession and.not tlme of compulsory acquisition and · distribution after 10 filing of complaint . _ . years from effectiyity of the law. In case of ne~~--"-•=,...:'"'- . . . . ·. . • farms, the reckoning point is the ·first_,,)',ea:t'·of 'l;;xi;epti.QJ.!: Whel'l' there· ls undue delay in paymentcommercial production and operation. ~ !l~ ~ _ .!..t:JhetE;)rl tl)~>~luebf tne property at th? time of full · =(. "-'l ....~~-x==p~'yJ!$nl(s_n..c\ll!9~...the basis and not the time of tak1r,g_ Note: Commercial farms · ~~e.- .P,p~te ~.9~JJJltoral : · (R.A:"N¢'66§~~(lf:-1.7).. . .. lands devoted Jo saltbeds, frujt f~'r:~jJ:Yors_,IJ9r:d~='""fe'.""~•=,,...._,,~:-..'\.'( ..;· . ··\. : . . · . vegetable and cut-flower farfY!p;~o,!;l:IC<;IQ'i cqff~IJJ ·~roce~"£re'f~r;;'£?£te~!"mat1onO,f J~st and rubberp_1antatio~s (~.A._ 6~,TsecJ11). __ i( -~-~ .0ompe'\sauo~ f.) \ . _ ._ . _ . - . ..
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Agrari~n . r~forrn' . benen[icl~"J;>/( for i:ik (LE!\)°,aetl:!r~ines,the·valu'e'aft!i'.elands. com~~r~ial farms. :mu.stt'1fiav~d the _ifollo'W1.Ljg)ift_ ~': . · ~- ..... ; :~ -~ . ·· . . _ . quahf1cat1ons:(~ 8-W•IEmp)i ..;,,;r~ R -rfifflfcl . '} y, ,,.,...,, ~ i - : · .. 1. ·At:least 18 year.s old at , i'e•UtqEr: of PP,ll.C~~nf;~ .. f I · · · · 2. With Willingness, .aplit\id.~-,\'and '".;a'hilily.ro;:~- .~ ::-t1si_1r9,r~.iv~ a~l'1;!~}he D~partment of Agrarian . . If t-.- d . . , l \..JI ~, \\ {f t~eJ9_AA:,fuA . ' maK~f/ an o~er to the land.owner. If · 3. r ~~~~;~:~,th~.c~mmef~Jal farrri~etw"~~ ,. ~~ ~~3!%1'11ow2,,~rf?je<;f~the. pffer, _DAR conduct~. a . . '15, · 19aa'arid June :1'5, 1~~. or _up"b,r. e~ii;,at©~~~./ J§,~~ry,:Jiclm~nisyative·prpc~edu:ig to. qetel1]11Jl(:} .' ·of deferment (UNG(?S'. supr~~t .40).~ · .(_~C'IEN~ o.zi:p~nsati~~Jor t~e 1-~~d. ·· . ~. · · ··· · · · · ·· · '~.· Jr.~... -.::.-~.,,4.~/ .o 6pq:7,,;:$ec 17) · · c;~AP_TERy; LAND ACQUISI.TIOni,, '<(..J)A~::'-==::•""· ~-~\.}-/,.:..··. . .·. . . ·. ' foi~U=ij.~JE~tiv_e Deter.minat_ionof ~ust Modes of A:cqu1s1tion· .. '. .. . : ,~;~;..,,,_;.;,;.cp._mp<ens~tion· · , .· :.. . . . . ·, . . .. Th.e . following are the · mode~ 0f acquisition . . · The - summary ,:a'dmm1sti:at1ve proceedmg shall b,e · recogn.ize~;l:_l;!nc;l~rCAR~·; (VoCoD1) cond.ucted'by.:. . . . < . . . • • . ·• 1. Voluntaiyoffer to seJI_ · . : 1-. PARAD ..- ifinitial valuation is·less. than 1 o million.2., . Compulsory acqufsitioh (·· 2· RARAD- if inltiai valuaticin· is'.1'0 millibn to 50 3: .. Dire9t'J?~yinents'cheme · · . ·~·million, _' . : · : ·. · . · · .:.:: :·:, · · ·' · . , . . . ·' i .DARAS ··~ if initial .-valuation· ·is :more than' 50 ·CH APTERVI: COMP.ENSATlON . . . milliqn (2909 DARABRples· of pfo_cedi1te, Sec: . compensati'on. is:the fu11 and ,fair equivalent va1u~ 1) .. . _ of. the pr0perty. Just-compens·ation is not on_ly lin;iited .. . . .to the correct determination- of. the ·amount 'but c'ilso 11.'lodes of Payment .. . . . . . inpludes promP,f pijyment. (UNGO$., supra at. 50)... · The following :are the rec;og'niz!,ld modes of payment: ·· .. · . . . . 1,. :Cash · .. ~hd. : firiancial ... ·in.strurnents< of ·. ff,e. . ' · Factors Used- in· LandValuation ' . · goyernm!,lnt;. '. : • . .. . . . . The following are th.e . factors'. in the valuation of 2: . Shares · of . stocks· ii"i" gov_e·~n!11ent-6w'ned: o_r.:. . . lands:·,{CCM) . . . . . ·-· ' . . . · · controlled..corporatiops·, preferr~d shares of. _the 1. : Capitalized .Net lnc_ome (CNI); . Land Bank; physica\ as'sets. pr.' other qualified .2 .. Comparable.Sale); (QS);. and investments;. . · : · .. . ; : · · · . 3. ·MarketValue (MV) (R.A No. 6657,.Sec.17). 3. · Tax 'credits· which can be used against 'tax. liat;,ililies;.and . . .
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SPECIAL GROUPS SAN SEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS - MEMORY AID 2019
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4: · .Land Bank Bonds which shall mature every year until the 101h year (RA. No.6657, 'Sec. 18). ·
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Those have Obtained , substantially . equlvalent employr:nent, i.e. any employment or .. profession from which the applicant-farmer -.Tti°e landowner cannot insist in -cash payment only 'derives income equivalent to the ·income bf. a because.lt is not sanctioned by the agrarian reform regular farm .Worker at-the time identification. law. The Iaw says that the just compensation shall. _screening, and selection.of the beneficiary; be pa°rd partly in· cash and the remaJnder by means. · -·' 8. Those who have Retired or voluntarily resigned of bonds, government financial instrumen.is,.shares.. from thelr' employment; . .. of stock'. in government:. owned or controlled · 9. Those who have Misused the land or. Diverted corporation, .. tax credits · or Land Bank· .. bonds · the financial support services extended by the ·(Assoc1ationof. Sinai/ Landowners v, Secretary ot go"l(ernment; · · . .. · . · · ·. Agra.rianRetotm, G.R. No_. 78742,.July 14, 1!}89). · . ro. l;hose who have-Misrepresenteo material facts in thei(basic qualltlcatiens: •! . ."" . ' : . . l ···cHAPTERVII: LANO·RE;OISTRIBUTiON.·. . . U. Thosewho have Scld.Dleposed or Abandoned C The landscovereo by the CARP sha.il be distributed : .. the lands awarded to.them by the government; i·.· .as much as.possible to landless resldentscof the 1:2: Thosewho have Converted aqricultura] landsto same barangays. or in the absence thereof, landless ncn-aqrlcultural use wiV,out.prior approval of the· , residents of.the same municipality··(R.'A. No. 6657, .: . PAR: : . . · . . · i· · · Sec: 22). · 13,, Those· who 'have been finally adjudged Guilty pf . · : · • · · = :1 · · forcible- entry or· unlawfut' deiainer over the > • • ~ote": "Landless" me-ans- a farmer or tiller wtio o'1rf)::'j<· . property; and · . ·. . · ·· . . · . ·_less than 3 hectares of 'land (R.A.. No. 6657, 14. !-hose who _have Vi9lated. agrarian retorn:i. laws·. 25).. . . . . . . ,! .. f-'""''\ and requlations (DAR A 0. No. _2, series of . · · .. . · . . · ,t !,.\'"Jt.l,.\{ · 2009).. · ·. . . · · .QOalificail~n of-Agrarian R~forr:n-Be_neficia_iy7· The follo~1ng are._the .quallflcations ot(_;;i(,farmer.-~JfJ . · Orderof-'E>1stnbut1on . . · . . _. . . benef!:i~ry: (~i_Re-15-<;u)-.· . _ ·:.,~">":_. : · _J.'\J~ Cpild!~f'! o_f landowner enloy · first _prefere~ce · in ),< ....jrl the d1stnbuJ1qp.'q>fthelandholding. After the children, 1. F1hpmo.C1t1zen; · . . \.\/.t 2. ·,Resi9_e~t of tM bcirangay or mu(lic!p_~!~Y.-:-'i9her~ . "':~ the cove~,d Uan-t~~ldihg· will: b~ distribµted to the · ,the 1an·dholdi~g is._ located: :-yl . . .~ .... . . tonowinQY ~ ·~ . . . · . : . · · . . ·. . 3._ · At teas! 15 years old _i\lt ttie'.!).'JJe o!:~.e~tificatic_n\;\,.,:·:·} 'I:'· .:_Ag~t~~~r;;~~~~~e-~~ ~nd sh.are tenc1nts; ·.· . screening·ar:id selection; ~cf' ~).;'/) \7,,~·· ," 2:· . ·-RWgul~pJ~rrnw_oJ_f<-ers : , · ·, · 4., WillirJ.g, -able am1-1 eq4ipjJ~!.!..-wilb~P,:iftud~~~: 1 Jf tfi~je~~·teriants.~nd·regular,farmwork~rs · Cultivate and make the lano{f}f09-Lict[,;,~ (R.,. j, 1~1 · hav~. ~lre~dY:.receive9 :~eir th_ree (3).hecta.n~·~• 6_6~7; ~e~•.. 22). :. . ~ . rem_ai11irm p~~i~n of l~nd ..will·be. distri~'ut~d· 7.
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~ote: No qualified ben-eficiary -may owt more"'t, •pA--~-~-a-.-·-Se'asonal'farmworkers;··. . .three·bectares· of agricultural ..land "(R'qj. .No/6($57, . SfE:C. _i.3). '.. ·,. ··,,.
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Dlsq~alificatl~n~ as Benefici_ary •. 1.: Thdse who do not meet the bas.ic qualifications; 2. ,·Those'who. have Waived their:"right "t
·
,. . . · b: . Other-farm workers· ·· C. :~d~al"ti_ll~i'~·Of OCC~pants of public··1ands; _ ·d. =. Cbll.ective's or ·cooperatives. of ··tlie above: '.. . . beri~ficiari.es;. and . : . Others direc:t(y working ·on the land (R.A. . ·. -No: 6657, Sec,·!?2-A).. . · .. ,·· . A~ard Beneficiaries ':. . . . ; : . ' ' . lfis th_e mi_nisterial d1..1ty of the ~egiste_r_of Deed to rE;igister.the ·title of the .land in ·the. name:of registered . person after the. °Land s·ank of' tli.e. PhiJippines has certifie·d ·that ·full.-paymen( ~Ith due no·uce · to the laodoWher .has beeri made, lo register Cei1ific'ate of Land. Ownership Awar~ issue·d·to beneficiaries, an·9 to.cancel No. . ·previous . . 'titles .. "(Sec. 24, R,.A. . . ·66~7). ·
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·. G~oulids for ca~cellatj~n..of CLOA: (Ab.Ne·g-Fail f>ay-Mis'-Sale-lllr : . . · . · · ·· · . '. : . · .. 1. Aban·donmentof Jan:d; . · 2.: Neglect· or misuse of land; 3. Failure to Pav 3 annu~l.amo.rtizations;. · 4. _Misu"se or ·diversion of ffriancial· and support services;
2019 SAN BE_DA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OP~~TIONS
339
SPECIAL .GROU.PS· SA/'f BEDA 0wcENTRAllZE()BAR OPERA.Tl(!NS- MEMORY.AID-,201fl. . 1&65151·&
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5. ~. transfer or conveyance of t_he tlght use the land; and 6. filegal conversion of the land· (R.A. No. 6657; Sec,24).. · · . Titles.for Beneficiary , · General Rule: The land should be awarded to.the ind.ividual fan,er-beneficiary ahd ·shquld,be cove'red by an individu.;31 title: · · ·.
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leasehold, tenancy, stewardship or otherwise, over lands devoted to. agriculture, including disputes concerning farmworkers' associations' or ·. · representation of person's . in· neqotiatinq, fixing; . maintaining, cha_nging, or seeking Jo arrange the · terms and conditlons otsuoh tenurial arrangements · '(R.A. No. 6657, ·sec .. 3(d)).
Specifica.lly, the·. foliow.ing cases. are within. the jurlsdiction.of DARAB; . .1. · · -Rights and obligations of persons jnvolved; Exceptjon; If v,·~. beneficiary opts f6t c9llective '2. . Preliminary administrative deterrninatlon of just ownership, such as farmers' cooperative, 'coliective· compensauon: . · · ownership title may b'e issu.ed.in the name qf the .co..· . ·3., .' -Annulrnent or rescission· · .of · lease · owners or ttie. collective organi2ation '(R.A N,o.665.7, , . contracts/deeds of sale, or.their amendments; Sec. 25).;· · ·· 4. Ejectment · and . · -dlsposseesl on . · . of Prohibition on Sale or Transfer of Award!3d · · ·. tenants/leasehotders: . . . . Lands . 5.. Sale, alienation, -pre-emption, redemption of Aqrartanreform beneficiarlescannot, .wittiir( a pe®-~.....:......~ covere~ a~rk:ultl.iral, l_~hds; . · ··-· .. of. 10 years,. sell or transfer own~rship.~f;:."(a-nd :s.!6.~.tcect~on: partltlon, _ 1ssuan~es a~d awarded to them, ~xcept: . ~Jrewo,lJ.!_1:J!1onof EPs an~ CLOAs reg1st.ered·W)th 1. ,:-rro~gh hereditary succession/-'~ b~·II . ~~ _ ·· .· . 2. To the Government · ?_,,/" . V/_,?" . · · 7~~~1~W:ot;i~~ehold rentals; . · 3. To the land Bank of the ~~,MfPP~ih1 s -,."":'=-~--=8.""".Q.~)i'e9,!io/l'l0f'~~,?rtizatiori payments, foreclosure · 4. To 'other ·qualified benefic~rj&f. .';ff.'Np.6657r» ·--,r' ""'7 ar.icl\si.mi(?{r?!~p~es; . Sec. 27). . .· Jl . ~~- j - ,1 · .It 41 ~11. _Bou1~dary;,p1sp~te\;i over covered lands; . . . I .. ii. . . -10 .. Cas1s unMrrqt19i~,aland exclusive jurisdiction qHAPTER · XII: : .'~JNIST~TIVE'........._,,...,»,:.......pf~~hf defui\;~Ayr~· , . · AQJUDICATION :>;.~l!t'"<.®ther agrar~rr"""va's s. referred by Secretary of . >i4'4 · · · (d~ ~D"t:_r/.·(~_D09 f.i)~ ew Rule.~ and f'roce'dure).· Department of Agrarian R forf.Q1 ;'JTc;;:i ;f j . . . . DAR is _vested with primary Os~;Gli9n fi@i\"{m'I' rt1mng· lclfid~wr:ier.becau~e the issue of. involving the 1~p]ernentat1on'?f ag~~1an _'l'~(Orn:p, . -,.:,,/a~9!!V:'Of~~'ij e~~e~~nt·.oyer pn~'?'t~. ~~~p~tty ~xcept those falling _ur:ider the _e)(cJus1v_e)~dic@~N· rr ..11Jl11ttJ.oJJt.t~p-anc~ re~i1ons 1s outside thf} JUnsd1cti,on o( .. of DA antl ~ENR (R,A: No: 6657,~ec. 50),_ ~ -...;;;:~,e1?.foRA~~{.~agpJ?a Estat~s v. Court of Appea~s, · . ·. · . "-:·'-t'.0.11"-...-..,.,.,.~R."\\di. 1fffel~F. JI.fly 5, 2000}. . . . : .. · Note: Sl!ch j.urisdictiolJ of· the· DA~~s;;/l]ter.~ A:. A"!if'~·p,~~r . ... · .· · delegated (to the ,PARAS and to the DAR qecie.@ty). · J.Vl.Lf\lee~arify; in the exercise of quasi-judicial. powers, ' .. Thus, the jurisdiction: qf .the 'DAR ·undet -tli·~..-:&'Af-iABJs'.authorizedt9_: . . . · , .. .. aforequot-ad_ . provision 'is: · ·.t\."{O':folc:l- . The·. first ·is. 1, Summ~m y...itnesses; · essentiaJly· executive · ·and .. - pertairis to the 2 .. : Administ,exoaths; · · ei"lfor'c~mei:itano ~dn,inistratibn ofthi3~aws·; carrying · - 3. Ta~~ te$4m9py; · · . . • . .: them 'in.to practical o'peration and enforcing their due. . 4_. :Recjuir~ submi~sioil of reports;' observc!nce, ·whTle the second is j4diciai and.involves · "'· 5. lsstie subpoe.n·a·; :; .' .. · ·. . · the- determination of :rights and· oblig'.atioris· of the 6. Issue-writ~ o:t.execution/p_ossessiortetc.; .· parties (Soriano . .v. ·_ar~vo; G.f?.. Np. 152086; 7.: Pupi$h' direcVindirect contempt (1 ·.UNGOS,. Deceml)ed5,·.2010).. · . . · . . supra _at 112-113). · , I .. ·., .. - .•. DAR ~ecr-;;tary or his authorized,repre.sentative· . Depart,ment ·~t. Agrarian .Adjudication'.· Board (DARAB) ' . .. . . . .... · .. . . Tlfe. Secreta.ry of.. DARY;. or his ..' duly autl;lorfzed . ·r~presentative,' . h~s . the.. pr,imary. jurisdiction to .. . The. Board shall . hav~. primary ar.id exciusive determine and ,adjudicate agrarian reform matteis. jurfsdiction, bo'th original and appellate, to'det1;irn:iine . (RA. No.C657, Sec. 50-A). . . . . a~d . a<;:ljudicate .. ' all ' - agrarian . disputes, cases,. ·.·. . . .. : c.ontrqyersies, and matter or incil:ients invof\iing the Note·: Should a·.party d,irect!y .a case ,.,.;ith the.·· implementation of)he "CARP (2.009 DARAB New regul,ii'r court_ ancj P.leading alleges .that the· 9ase is ·. · Rule~ and Procedure}. · ·. agrarian in nature and orie:of'the p:arties is a farm·er,.· Note: Agrarian Dispute refer~ to ·aJJy controversy: farmworker, or tenant,. ·the Court should· not dismiss' relatin~ 'to tenurial'· _arrangements, 'whether .• . .•
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f . . . the case. lnstead, it should refer the matter to the DAR for the· purpose of· determining whether an agr_~ri~n dispute 'exlsts (1, UNG(?~. supra 122).
Note:'.A mere· r~~ia~~ifkation of an agricultural land does· not at,1ton:i9.ilci:1IIY allow the landowner to change its use. H,e has to Ul'"!dff~O the pr9CeSSOf conversion ·bMo"re· he . is permitted to use the T,he ·. following cases . fall° within . the .' exclusive" agricultural farid for other' purpo~~s (Jd.). . . [urlsdictionof the DAR Secretary: . · . 1. Classification ·and identification of landhold]ngs · The . ·following . ~bsoiutely prohibited from forcoverage; · · · · .· . conversion: (Prolr_Fi:iPri) · · ·· · . . . ·. 2: ldentiflcation of_.qlialified benefitjaries; 1_ . Agri~ultural tands v.rithin· Protected areas. · i . Subdivision surveys bf covered lands; . 2. . All ![rigat_edlands. . .. . . 4. lssuance, recall or cancellation ·. ot. Cl Ts 3. All iirigabl·e lands. .already covered by irrigation incJudiflg -EPs and CLOAs; __; projects.wnn Fuiiiding commitments. . ". 5.. Ri~hf,ofretentic:>noflandciwner; .4. All i=.igdcolfural · lands: with '. irrigation' 'fadlities-. . 6. · Appllcation for exemption; . . . operated · by · Private . · orqanizations · (DAR 7. '. Application for conyerslo11; .AdirJiri[stra.tive Order No:'01-9.9, Sec. 4). . ~- . 8 .. · Right to hornelots; . .. · · · · 9. Dlsposltlon of excess area; The- following 'areas' are' highly .restrleted · from 10 .. 'Irarisfer, surrenoer: or abandonment of c_onve_r:5io_n:(lrAgro-Htigti-Val-Cdt_ic'.31). . · iarrrihoidings; · ·. 1. !rnga~le land_s no covered by irng~tton proJec~s; 11-.. Increase of awarded area;. . . . .,".::--. 2. - ~qro-1~dus_tnal_.croplands,or lands planted with 12. Conflict in claims in . landed , estates aod~;/:i:i' .: . m~ustn.al cr.o~s; . · ., . : settlements (Rresidentlai Decree No. 946 Sefb°'f.("'(\,,. 3. H1ghl_an~s or areas located m elevations _of 500 · 12). · · _ ' ~-·!.~·_v..i: _~'(\ · ' meters ?r above; . . _ ., · , · . . . \l ~Land:>. ~sued. with notice. of valuat100 and Judicial Review · . . ! '."1 r, Any decis_i~m. '?rder, award or ruljng_9 on~./ .. -:--i?Q.'i!fQD:l,~mlallycrit1cal -, areas. det~rmmed by . any agra~an_.~1sp~te.or:o.n any m:attei~pettammg \?'L._j .". DENR.{~\ . .._ . . . . !~e _apphqat1~n, J?1pleme~tatJon, enl<;>tf(~e~~ .,9r"'l:.~ ,Note: \ands ar13 _hig~ly re~~ricted f~om. ,. mtE3r~retatJQn of this .~.ct a_n9other_J>.~"'f.tlf!,r.ltJ~son I~.· .conver.$io'n· qeca\ise .t.~ey ·requ1r.e, a_part from the awanan reform_ mc;1t b_e . brQ~_.stJf,,fo. i_ :~e_rGou~ ~ti'!n,dari_'.frecigirerlr,rnts, ~ p~oject fea ibility._study ad ~PP~~ls ._by. ~erbo_r.an _e~c~pt ~1;;,~.t~~t provide~ env,~Wf'P.!lJ~1-~cl>-?).Pha_nce .. · ce"rt1ficate · (DA/'? . _1_n.th1s act_
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· pet1t1ons.for·the deJermmabon of J_ust S?.~.P.~n~a~o~ '..,-/~'f~._l~~)7,@°f-~,:~,ml one .(1) day to _1.2 year~. or a. fine .of to land_own~rs. a!'d the prqsecut1oni9:f(all.criiJ:i'ir,[aJI,'·!i~i~pfip2G0;900-Php1",000,000"_or, both: . ·:. ·. , · . · offenses· Ul')derthis Act (R.A. No. 6657t,1~Sec. 5,7-ff 1. 'Conversion . of· agiic\.,iltural "land .. to void . application_ot CAR,L; ·... . . , . . Note:. The. Supreme. Court shall ,designate at least -2. . Prevention or obstruction · · of·. · CARP ·. -one·R"TC_br~r:)-Ch withi,:i_·_each p~ovH,ceto act SAC.. implementati"on;. . '· · In exercising its ju·~sd.iction,-the .SAC may-_app.oint 3.. ·Sale, tra_nsfer,.conveyance cfr .change of nature -one or·mor~ comrnissiohers to _examine, investigate : ·oflands.outside urban· centers· and , .. · . ·. · . and)ispertain facts relev~nt to ·the. dispute.. Jf.a party. . -4 .. 'L:Jndll~ delay i_n ce.rtlfy{ng!attesting·or fal~ifying. disagrees fo" fhe findings· of. fact, he: may file. an . ,.·certification. · .. · · ., · · objecti_on within .10 :days (R.A. No. 6657,. Sf:?: 56). : . . . . . . . . Trie· followihg.ar~ punfsh~ble ·PY i~prisonm~nt of ~ .. . · years and 1 day to 6 "years .br fine of. P50,0.00~ · · · Co1wirsion._ofL-arid , . . · . . ·. . P150,000, _pr both: . ' '. . . c_o~ve'l"sio,11·is the act qf cti~nging.t~~c~rrent use 'of 1,·· 0Wl'!~rship/posses~i9n··of _agricuitura.l land~ ifi:" . a piece- of agricu!tural land· ihto some other l:1se 1 . · excess of r.etention limits; · · · ·· · · · · UN(!OS, supra at. 134". · ·. · ·· · : · · :·. ·. 2.. Forcible entry or· illegaL detairier of unqu:alified. . . . benefici~ries; ·. : , . . . Reclassiffo.ation. is· the . act of ·sp~_cjfying ht>W · . 3.· . Sale, transfer, conveyance . of. right to use ·or · · a,9ricU.t.tUrallandS. she:tll be u,mze·d for rion~ag"ri9~1tural · . .other usufructuary right; . . . . . . . . .. . uses·such as resideDti~I; fndustric!I, and commercial; 4. · :unjustified,willfu( ·m~licious· ad .of responsible as,. ~mbodies in: :the. land use plan; subject to the . officer;: · ·· · · .requirements·. and'. proc,edure·s . (or laJJd 'use - of cbnversiori (la.); •. . 5. Undue delay or failure t6.sl,.!bmit required report jhvolving CARP implementation:(R.A. No. 6657, Sec.74). · · ·· · · ·
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SPECIAL. G·ROUPS·. SAN-BEDA,LAWCEN7JlAUZ£0
BAR O~ERATIONS-
MEMORYAIO 2019 i&C·
-THE CODE·OF AGRAfUAN
THE TENANT
·EMANCIPATION.LA w· (P.-D_.27)
RE'.Fo.RMs (R.A..
Stages·of,Land. Transfer · ·
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·No~ 3844) .
Note:· . :.R.A. No. 3844 supplements . the Comprehensive Agraria.n Reform -Law, Its main objective Js t? cr~a_te srstem of owner-cultivatorship . · and econormc famlty-slze farm (1 UNGOS, supra at . ·
P.D, 27 supplements the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform L~w. It applies only to· private, agricultural lands prima~ily deyoted to rice and corn under the share tenancy· ·iea~e-tenancy '(1. UNGOS, supra 151)- . '· .• T.he land transfer under· P.O. g7 is effected fri staqes, namely; · · · ·
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. ~ighf ~f)>re-e~ption · . . ·.-_ The agricultural lessee has the preferential' riglll to. bu'y tlie' - land actually cultivated by tiim under· reasonable terms .and ·co'.ndhions · (R.A._· No.· 3844, . . . .. · .
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ttie landowner :h~s- 'if · ·. · the. · ·. . lanc;lowner already . exercised h°is chooses': to retain :.5 . . right· of· retention . in P_D.. ti'ect.~re:{ :l!l)der: CARL, . · : Right of Rec(ernption . . '4,7 .he, can ·no ·lot:19er the .. T. ·, hectares' · : If the Janel .was. sold . to a· . th.ird .person without the exercise. retention· ri~ht' previously. r~fa1ned· · by . . knowl~dge of.the agric;u'rtural iessee: thelatter shall ' under ... the .~ARL him;' under PD _27 shall .. •. have the right to redeem the same at.a reasonable However, he can. keep 'be "placeo" lmrnedlately .. price: arid co.nsideration to the extent -'of t'he 'area t~e 7-hectare retention under the coverage-. of . ~ctuaily-cultivated.by him (R.A. No. . 3_844, Sec. 12r. limit granted under PD the CARL · . ~ . . . . .. .. 27:' . . ..
· 342 '1 2019 SAN BE;DA LAW CENTRAUZ~D-BAR OPERATIONS
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·
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vet. 2). Ortiqas ca~ter, ..
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. Depa1rtrrient of, i..~.b'ot . and . Employment. . tittps://www.dole.gov.ph/. Department'. of · labor and . https://www.dole.gov.ph/... ·. ~-
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Employment
.... ..
(29\aL
Department- Cfrcular . Nd. 2~18.
(;bOg).'
o:eparlme,;i Order · No. 05-92.,- 'Retrieved·, from:
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.- . · D~ep.art~ent ·.of L'~i)Or and Ernploymen~ · (1997): Depirtment. Order No. 09~97: · Retrieved ~- front. _https://blr~dole:,gov.phl.'.. · . :: ..· , . · . . -: . . \ .· . .. .. . Department · of l.abor -. and Employment (.1997). · Dep_flrlmerif Order. No.' 10-97.: -·Retrieved from: ', · ~ttps:f/blr.dol~.gov..p.lil, . ··.. · . ..
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Qepartment. of Lapor ...and · . Employment· (iOPB), . 'pepartmen( · Oi?J~r . No. 40-F-03.. : ~efrieved .fr.o·m: : https:1/blr.dole:gov.ph/. · · · . Department of. Lab.or'·. ·ijnd · Emp!oyn:ient-. (2010).'· Departme~t Or'qer No. 40-6-03. · Retrie\/ed .. from: -bttps://blr.dole.g~v:ph/.. . .. . . . . .... .. . . . De.p_art~er:ii· of -~·abor' ;and . h,~p's:1/blr.dpl~.g.ov.ph/.
~mployment. . (4013).
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2019 SAN BEDA_lAW CENTRALIZED BAR .OPERATIONS 1. 343
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Department' of Labor :and ·hitpi,://~.doie.gov.ph./.
Employment
(?007).
Department Order· No.
. Department of Labor. 'and . https://y;ww.d9le..-gov.ph/:
Employment
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Oepertmeni
Department · of · Labor and · Employment https:i/www..doie.gov .phi.. .
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. . . 112-A. ., __ Retrieved ·from
(40.1~) ... Department Order· No.
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Department of · Labor .and · Employ.rrient : (2014). Department Otder . No. ·141-14 . Retrieved from https://www.dole.-g_ov.pt)( : . . . . . . : Departr'nent··,,o.f '(,.~bar '. and Employment (2015). · Department Ordet ,Vo . · 147-15. ~--Retrieved f~om: . https://bir.dole.,gov .ph/ . .EJepartme"nt of · (abbr and https://bir.doie.gov.ph/: .
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and
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{2917). pepartment.· Ot;df!r . No. -·· 174-17.
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Departme_nt ?·rd~t:··~~·'.· j79.~1?,·. ~etrieved from Department Order No.
180-1"7.: .Retrleved
·.
· Department ot Labor. and · employment·· (2!)17). · Departrf!ebt. ·o,<;Jer No. 183-17. - littps:itwww.dole-.gov:pf:l/. . . .. : ,-( .: . . .. .. . r "' .. ·· ·. . Department · . of · Labor . and · Erriplc;;yment (20.17). · Depenment Order No. .186:1_.7. hffps://www.dole.gov,Rhl. , · ··.. . .. , .. . Department.' of. Labor. and .f=mployrrtent . https://"Y"fH..doie.'go'v.ph/. ,. . . •
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Duk~,~-
Order
Retrieved from
.No;. \iJ.8-..18.· Retdeved ftorn •
(201.4 ). : .
Retrieved. from
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. 'Department .. of · Labor and . !=mp!oyment· . Jittps.://~.dole.gov.ph/. . .
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l.fJ._bor .: Ad~!sory. No•. ·. ·!1-:14.
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(201~) -. labor Laws a~~ idcial Leg;sla~ion:.·)\~ar.rister'~c~in~~ni~~:·:Manila: ~~·i;i~pi~es: REX Book
. $tore Inc.
· ·
·
. .
.
Emp~c;,y~e~·: Comp~~~~tion.:Co~mi~~!~n· fr~m.:·littps,;/~ecc.gov.ph/. · ·
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(2014): -~-TJl~n~~~ ~~/es
··
·
·
on Emp~oye~s' Gompe~satiqn: ReJrie;e~
·
Employees' .Compensation ~. . https://e.cc.gov.pb/. . . . .
Cornmlssion (1993). ·a~ard .Resolution. No.. 03~02001-4> Retr.ieved .·from: .. :. . • . . ·. . .. ...• . ' · Enl.P1oyees.'·. Corrlpensaliori Com111Jssioa (1.99.7). aOard Res.olutlon No. 97-09'-0500: ."'Retrieved· frotn: http~://ecc.gov.ph/. ,, ... ,. . .. · . EmpJqy_ees' Compensation Commission (2.014)... · Board Rr:Jsq/µtlon . No. 14-07-34. · · Retriev.ed ·· frbm: . https://ecc,gov:ph/. . . ·.:E~s:iloyees', ·cprrimission (2009). Ci;~u/ar No. 03-709. R_etrieved . . . Comp~nsation . . . . .from: https://ecc.gov •,
.phi: .
... · ,-: Employees' Compensation. Commissibh (2009).-Circular No. 06-709: R~triev~d from: https://eq:.gov:ph/. · . •
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Cornperisatton Commission .(~015). CircularNo. 15-0-1-20. Retri~vecli fro~: https://ecc."gov.ph/. ·
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Employees'. Corripensanon comrntsslon (1978). Re;olotion No._.1029. Ret_rie-ired from: https://ecc.gov.ph/. Employees'
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>: Resollltion No. 2799.
Commission (1981
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Retrieved fr~~: .https:l/ecc.gov.ph/.
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Compensation Commission (1995) .. Rules. of Procedure in the Filing·and Disposition of the Employees' Compensation Claims. ~etrie_ved from; https://ecc.gov.ph/. . . :
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Executive Order No. 126 (1~87). Ret~ieved from: https://www.officialgazette.~q~.ph/.
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Executive Order· No. 180 (1987). Retrieve.d from: https://www.qfficialgazette.gov.ph/. . . . . - .··· ~e~do~a; Q. (2001). Philippfne L~bor Standa;di and Inc. · ·
Weifaie L.egisl~tion. Maniia:
Phili~pin~s:--~~x
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· National Conciliation· :an_d Mediation. Board- (2016). · National· Conciliation and M_ed~atlon Board Primer on · . Grievence Machinery and Voluntary Arbitretion. Retrieved from: .co.ricmb.pli/primer-on-grievance-rriachir:iery~ . and-voluntary-arbitration/.·
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National 'Conciliatlon and Mediation "Board (2016). Natio.nalConciliation·and Mediation Board Primer on Strike, .. Picketing.and Lockout. Retrieved from: https://www.ncmb:ph// · · . .. National C~nclliation and M,ediation Board"(.1992}. NCMB Manual
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NWPC Gaidelines· No.· 01-07. Retrieved.
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. National . Wages and Productivlty http,//www.nwpc.dole.gov:-"ph/'.,
Board.
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NWPC
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National.
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NWPC. Resolution No.
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.ot Collecti'!e Bargaining Agreements in 2016. : ·
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Retrieved from: https://p~a.gov".ph/
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Poqulz, 'S.-(2018) .. LaborStandaids with Notes end C.omm~nts (Vol. 1).. Manila, Philippines: REX Book Store Inc. · . ·.·' · · · · ''· · ·· ·· . · · · · .
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(Vol. 2). Manil1:1, Philippines: REX Book Store · · . · · · · : ·
(1993): Retrieved from: http~:/lwww.official~azett~.gov.phi.
~epuplic. Act No. 1.0757 (201.6). Retrieved from: https://www.officialgazette.g~v.ph/.
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·_ SSS Corporat~·communicat.ions.Department
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. Technical .Ed~cation 'and Skilis Development .Authority,. {2004). TESDA Clrculer No. ;16-04.. Retrieved from · http://v.w:,v.tesda.gov.ph/. · Ui:igos;.:Jr;, P. ·et: al: (2013). Agrarian L;ti.;.,, •.'
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2019 SAN SEDA LAWCENTAAUZED . . .• . . . . BAR.OPERATIONS ' . . . . 1-
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AFhi°CLE 57:..STATl;MENT OF OBJE.CTIVES FOR-°;:HE TRAINING AND EMPLOYMENT.OF.· . SPE<::IAL.WORKERS .: : : .. : : : ..,,, - . .. : :.... 27· ARTICI.£ 58: OEFINITION OF TERMS: . : :., e ••• ·•••• : -, : 27 . ARTICLE 59: QUALIFICATIONS OF. APPRENTICES .. , . ._: :: ., :........ -27 · AR'rlCl:.E 60: EMPLOYMENT OF.APPRENTICES : .: :.: : :., :,.:. '?,] · A~TICLE 61: .CONT_ENTS OF APPRENTISHIP _AGRE_EMENT _ _ .' ,:, , :· 28 ·ARTICLE 62: SI.GNING .. OF APPRENTICESHIP AGRE_EMENT ,.:: · : . .'... 28 . ' ARTIC~E 63: VENUE OF.APPRENTICESHIP _PROGRAM _ ..; : .- · ,::;.,... 28 ARTICLE 64:_.SP(?N$QRING·OF AP,PRENTICESHIP PROGRAMS ;: ,, : ,.' .. . 28 ARTICLE 65-67:VIOLATION OF-AP.PRENTICESHIP.AGREEMENT , , :............. . 28 . ,·_ARTICLE·~s:."fi.pi'J.-fup·E TEST~ .-.: _ .. : _.:.- , : :.:.: . .-., ..-,:-...-.,; .. , ..:: ..··: _ ., : .. : · 29 ·ARTICLE 69: RESPONSIBILITY FOR.THEORETICAL INSTRUCTION .: : ; :......... . 29· · "i\RTICll;-iO: VOLUNTARY o'RGNIZAT.ION OF APPRENTICESHIR PROGRAMS ,.; : , .. , 29 . . ARTICL,E-i1 =.P~i?LiCTAS.ILITYOF TRAINING COSTS ..· ~ '.: _. :,.: .:.: ; ;:.:,· : ,.: .. . · · · 2299··, · · -ARTICLE 72: APPRENT.1,CESWITHOUT COMPESANTION ; :.: ,;., .. , : , : . CHAPTE.R II: LEARNER.S .::.. : .. : _ :.. :._ _. r ., ••. :_. .. ; :.:.: ,, , : _..: •• _ '.· _·._:·3300··. . · ARTICl:.E 73: .LE,ARNERS DEFINED : :.: : ; :: : . . ARTICLE-74: WHE'N LEA.RNERS MAY.BE HIRED:." ;,.: : : ; : .. : ..•. .':.. : : .-......... 30,. ARTICLE 75: LEARNERSHiP'AGREEMENT : : : , : .. ::.,.· .. : : •. '· · · ·30 ARTIG_L~· 76: l.l;:t\RN_ERS ·1.N ..Pl~QEWORK: _ · .; _.:- .i.: : :.. ,, .. ,., .. _::.:·.-.: '... :.... • . 30 . ARTICL~ 77: P,EN.A~TY CLAUSE : , _. _.,.: : :: .. ~,.: _._:._ ; ,.-,·. · . · 31 . CHAPTER.Ill: HANmCAPPED WORKE~S : ,:· : , : _., .. ·.: :: :::.. : : · 31 .· A~TICLE _7~: _DEFIN[flON .:.: .. : _ .. .".. :.: :_.~ _. :._. : .._ " _. ..:.. ,:.:.: : .-.:···:..... . . 31' . , ARTICLE 79:· WHEN ·ts· A HAN DICAPP.ED WORKER EMPLOYABLE , , :·.: :.. ·. · 31 . _ARTiCLE 80: _E~f>~()YME,NT.AGREEMENT GONTENTS : ...~ ..: _.:,._: :_.: ;.,,:·~; I: :.:_. : 32 . AR'flCLE 81",,EUGl~ILQY .FOR APPRE_NTICESHIP : ,., _., : ·.·:··,···:···: , _.,: :... 34 · CONDiTiONS OF EMPLOYMENT ~.- : , , :;_... : ::.. , : .-:, :,,: :.:: . TITLE ·I, WO.R.KI_N.~ C.(?ND~TION$ AND "R~S! PERIODS :_.:.: _..,_: ::/.:._. .. :·······,•., .. :./-:.,.~
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Labor Re!atl~n~·defines the status, righf$,'·and ·. duties, and ttie'·instituiion~1·· .mechanlsms ' that. t• • • goyein'the· individual and. collective. interactions " , Lab.o'r 0f . ·: employers, employees, · '. or . their 1.: . lt js 'the exertion. by human beinqs of phys_i?al or · representatlves (1. AZUCENA, supra at. 8). ·:... ~.(:.· . · ment~I ~fforts, or.both, towards the production of . . . ' 'g9ods and services. ·. . . · · ,_ .Note-:. Laboi'.'.R.e!aHons laws, en.ablf;l . .;,..orl<,ers', to . · ~--~_2,_,' .. z. It also· means that sector or group in ~ society . · . .obtaln 'from. their. employers . more than the '.'~. which 'darives·it~ li'(eli)'lo'Cid.chiefly from. renoi~ion· · n:iinimum benefits.set by the labor standards: law l.s·· · ·of; work , ·or . services · '..ii") exchanqe'. for .. · (ALCANTAR.A, R'av_iff!wer- in Lebor.ena Social compensation · .under ... .rrianaqeriaf direction ·. Legislation _200!3, . . p: 2) > [hereinafter. t.. · · (MENDOZA, P.hilippine Labor· StancJ.ar~s an~ . ,:.~ -, · ALCANTARA, R$.v/ewer]. · ··. , . : . . . · · , · .Welfar(J·Legfs/ati9n (2001),. p. 3). [heremaftevr.r~:-i·: · . . . .: · . · · .. . . .. . M~ivDOZ(',]. ', . . .. . : . ~,1)01Jgf) th~ distinction between._Jabo_r standards ,• f. .-;;;,'t:(.-if/ .. OJ'h4 _la~r rel~_tioi:Js_i.~ useful._for academic p_u_rpo~es, If ·_AR!IC.L~ 2:.D.J\TE OF EFF.ECTIVITY . . \.1 t;.,0( t,jq/~Y. .9y_erla,P.,t!lt~ahty,,_For 1nstaricet t.he.gn~varic~ :'-' . The' L_ab9r ~ode-,-took e~ect on N_o.ve_m_ber.. 1,·_ W7t\:;:tlr.,, Jabor_rela~ions · rnatter but. v.ery·often or'six (6) months :~tter its. proi;nulgatlon. _BJJ.}'la_y1',v · · the ~bjEiet·.~1~t=1·compl~mt is labor stantlards such ~~ , · 1974 (LAB9R (;OQE, A.rt. 2). · . 'as unpald.bil~tiime,work or a disciplinary action (1 1 t_:'. . · . ·; ·· ... , · · · ··- ·: . 'f ( (( . · .f?' AZUCENA/s,'hp,;a at 8). · . · . . . · = · Labor·Legisl.ation .· . <'1,( r. _.,.":71d' ·••· }1.. . .. Jj :~ ~ ,_-·Labor Jegislation co.rJsist~. of ~~~~(e~,~eb~).~Jions . Social UlgiS:~ti~ . ·.. .,' :. ·.. . '. ..: · . and ·jur)spru~e.nce.gove.rnmg rela~orl betwe~t-t~ . r-~1., · • 1 ... Th4e ~ s ·· l~at ~rovide . P~i:tic:uf~r ~mds of ~" .. capit~l .. ~Od . !a~Of,..;. by. PtP,YiJdl.!)_..Q:s:-l:t~"" ce,~~-n.· ·-t>~tEfe~1$?_(1~4.p.rli!?.gr:tef1ts to soc1!:lty_ or ·_se~ments .-emploW'l~nt .standarc:!s. an~ -~-J;I!;}~' Jf~~~Y"ork,;}9.~. iJ:;I · th~(eii~ili,UJ{!rfherance·_of. ~oc1al Justice (1 ,:iego_tjati!1Q,. adjus.t.f0.9. -~nd : a€f!UJQ1~~/r/lf.ll tho_~~·." 1 AZl;JC~NA, s_up(a)~9~; .. .. , ... . . . ~' ,• standards:'s:)nP. 9th.er .IOCIQ~nts ·of11.:_~J:!1ploywent·/(1 ·" ..... L.2 That. which reqwres··pa_ymel']t _of benefits. by AZLJC.EN_A,'. T.f:le Labor q>_de· w11h C9-r.nme.,msand .L.:ri:,;?~gp_veJnrn~niagerjcir;:s to the workE1.r or his·family t!f: Cases (2016), p. 7) [herema.ff.er, 1 AZl,le)."i'v}\,.l-;.?98f~~.:..::.1k::.,,1:~wh'lrn~nd while he cannot work, by reason of ~; ;-.qo~e]: . : .. . - . . : . . sickness; disability; old ag_e, _death, a_nd similar . · '-"·~-·dA.· · · · ha?ards: (~LCANTARA;supr,: enh~nce· the L~bor..l.eg1sl~Ji?n is. ?!'6.adlydfvided irito: . . : .. . . · . . : . · ·w~lfare of the .people ~~er\ ~hen .tJ;lere is no. ,f-,,. 1. Labor. ,Stanc;ta.rds .,,refers t,o.. ._t.he . term,s and : . · . employer-employs.~~elabo.ns~1p·(Jc1_.). · . ~~:.:. condition's·of ~mplOYf1\ent that.employers- must. . · ·
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CYRIELL· SUMANQl,JI Over,:al/ .:. Cha.irJwsori, .ERICA· ·MAE C: VJSTA:Chai;Mrso1:1for · Aqadem!CS.· ';11,filL ·. REI . .E. ,B~ERO qatrpeisonfo.rHoti!I bj,erations,JHEI;S~LOUISE.B.. D~O·Vic~ Chairpetson-Jor. . !kcretariat, EARL 'JUSJ'IN ·M: ... YAMBAO J/ice .Chairpersri'! for Opera'.~ions, ~ .i\NQ;BLICA )3."
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SAN eeo« tAW cENTRAutro·aAR OPcRAnoNs - MEMORY Ato 2019 ,sisw,as · p± HE sd &aw
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c, 'R-ight. to just . .§.tiare in the fruits of__: · production; arid . · . . · i;i. ·. Right to .work . under !:!umane .. conotticns .. (1987 CONStJTUT-/ON, °Art. XIII, Sec. 3). Unde~- Labor ~elations.;·,(COP~L . : ., :· · .. a. . Hight to £onduet celleouve bargaining or . neqotlationwith management; - . · · b. Right to Organi.zethemselves: . · · . . . . c. · · Right 'to _e~rti_cipate in policy a)1d decision~ making · processes; .and . . · -d. ~ight_· to gi,gage in · peaceful concerted . : .. activities Including strike '(CONST. Art.. XJII, ' ·. · .. ·. Sec. ·3)... r: ·. ·.·.' ·. · · ·· ·
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.2019_ SAN Bl;;QA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPE~ TIONS
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Sec~·20: Tlie·State recopnizes, the indiepensable role· of. the. private .sector, encouraqes private enterprise, and provides inceritives to·'needed
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. Tb th.is end·, the State shall r.egu.late the · . . acquisition, ownership, use, and disp~sition:-of . property and.its increments., ' .
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Sec;:.· 2. The promotion of social· ju~tice shall includei Jhe. cbmmitrl]_~:ml ·t.o .cteate ecqnomic· :opportunities-based on fr~edo111 ofinitia.tive'arid. self~reliance. · '· ·· · ·
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enhance the right. of all. the people to hum~n dignity, repuce social, ecori.omic, and political ilieq4atities,. and remove cultural 'inequities· by equitably diffusing wealth ar:id political power for the·comrriori.good: . · · · ·
·sec. 1. No person shall -be deprived ,ot nte. liberty;' 61' property without due process of laliy, nor . ~hall any person he :~~nie'c:L the' equal .. profecfrqn--of.ttie·Jaws. ", . . . . : .
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Sec.r:18. Th~ State. affirms ·1abbr: as·~ primary social ·.ec9nomic force. It shall protect the rights of workers ~nd prqmofe'th~ir welfare. : ..
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Sec. 3. Th~ 'State shall ~ffQrd full. protection to labor, local arid overseas,' or:ganlzed and· unorganized,·and promote full employment and · equality ·of. employment opportunities
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· s·ec. 4~. No i~w shall oepassed ·abricigihg. -the -freedorn of_-speeGh, .of expression, .:or, d.f the· . 1 press; qr -the .right. of the people peaceably to ·
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-~Qr ,all. . .. . . . . ·.1t~hallguar_antee tile dg'hts ~tali workers to . [i;.. . . Sec. 7:Jhe,rig~t ofthe peqpJ~_tcfinformati~~;'p.9.,-:,,.,,.~ .. $e_lf-o~~~ni.~atjon, c:ollecttve. bargaining:a.nd . ~ . matters bf _pµ~hc. concern ~ljaU .be tec::ogm~?''.'. ,,.<),;,:i"':'-~e~o!'~'!,?n.s, . a!"d pea~eful · con~~rt~c;f . ~cc;:e.ssto _off!c!afreqords.,an(;l,to_d,':)C~JT'i!;)~~~~/'ll';'.;_.....;,.'..!l_.!5tiY.;~~~!?,f· mc!.udmg. ~he _right to Stl'lke. In. l_?,_.. . · · paperspettalnlnqto..official acts; transactions, or,,JJ 1 · accortla,i~ewith law. . . · ·. ,,. . ·,decisions, as weJ as_to }Joveri'IIP,'~f:'researcti!~d.:f... ... .' .. 1 .g:t~-~~~~d=~·-.b::. 0.1~~e1?~~~' "..:· · · li,mtt~tion~-i;is'-maytie.provic;le.91oy_!af.{J':'.~·· ~· ,W,~;;:r§f>cl~~ts· !,.·,..-.·." . . purposes not_ con1rary to laVI.~ ~hall·..fqot. ·oe · :,[,),.~,-·~The. St;ite shal~, p~om~t0;, the '~pr1nc1p!e of. tt . abridged,:.,· :.· . . . · . ·. . /;,;;.,,__.-!::ii. ,,,.. ,',"" ..,..,,.,,sn~ntd·-re~p0,ns1b1hty_ between wo.rkers :and w.-· . . . . •./. ,.. .,,-_.-/ ·-·:t-,; .... ·.~ ...,oc; ·V"' . . .& • . . .• • .,;!;, ' /•:1-(<'>';:.P.!,'.~~mployers· and- ;the.; pre.,er.~nt1al, ,use of· !..·~_-;: ·.s:ec. ·jo.'"No :1aw\impairir.tg"'.the· ~piigatior.i.(of . . ·voluntary_: ~qcle~. 111 . ·set~l'ing ··disputes~ · . },'!i, Cb!'\tra.cts,~hqll be pas:'sed; -~ · : iJlC~lid~ng;. C(?r:l~ilic:1t_ion; ;.~flc;I:. s.~~U:' ,~force . · ~r· · ., ,. . . """ their mu\~aJ .compliance the.rew1th,to foster· : t/. ·. . :. A.6 •.,AJl:.perst>li~. ~!).all'_ t:iave _!!1'~ ri_ght to ~ .. mdustri~Jpeace~.. spee.oy. disposition·: of th~ir ca!>.~S: before. all . . . ' . ·· ~i:·.· judiGial,.qi.jasi-judicial,·or-admiriistralive.l;>0dies. ·. \. . Thi ·state ,~hail·:· regulate 'the. ,(elations.:
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Sec.·:.13·..·-,The State··~halt establish special · · agency' for · disabled ·. pe_rsons-.·.for· · their .. rehabilitation,. self•development,... · and . self.: r~liance; and their. integration· ... intb · the mainstream of .so~iety. ·
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Note: :This is. very iinp9rtar.it ·labor·" p.rovisioni· . . ·un-~er the· <;:_.onsti(ution. .,.. .
-~~~U ~ro'~.ot.~,th~ p~ef~~en~i~I .. use .of Filipinq'-lab"C>r. ··do'mes~i.c ·r,nate'r.ials. arid
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in. tlie frqi_ts ..of' pr'odt1ctioJ1. arjd _the.'tight":o_f enterprises· to . reasonable .·return~· ', inve'stm~iits;'~rid.lo 'exparisibn aild growtli'• {Protection-to.~Labor~lam~e).. ..
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SAN BEDA LAW c·ENTRALi°ZEO.BAR'OPEJ¥,JlbNS .{
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LAaOR STANDA·Ros·· eeee
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· Sec: 14:·The State shall protect working women ·. by· providing safe. and healthful ..working . -condltlons, taking into. account thelr maternal functions, and such facilities and .cpportuntttes' that will enhance their welfare and enable.them .. to. realize their "tun "potential in. the service of the natlon .. ·. · · · · ·
~ MEMORY Al£i2019
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h. · Art. 1708: The laborer's wages shall not be subjectto execution or attachment, except fordebts ·iocurred for food, shelter, clothing . and medical attendance. ': .
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Art.;_ 1709,.:The employer 'sna1"1 neither seize · nor retain any·tool or other articles belonging .to the laborer.'. .
!:>. Article· XVI: Genenil Pr~v.lsions Se~.'..i(rhe $tate shall, from tirneto ti~e, review· ,. to lncrease th~ pen~ion·s 'and other benefits due to" retirees of both- ·the qovernment 'and· the
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· ·· · Related l,.aws 1.: .Cfvl_l.,Code .. · · · . . . . . .. . . a. A'1.-19: Every person must, h'i the exercise . · .· of. his: rights and _in·· me pertorrnance of ~
j.' .' Art: 171.0_.·,Disnii.~sal .of'- laborers shall be . .subjeet 10 .the:. ·:supervisipn .. of the . Government, under special laws'. · , · .2. ., .Revis~~ Penal Code : · ·.. '. . . ::: . . . . . a. Art. 27~. Slavery ~·The penaity of prisiqil .'. majioi: and .a fine of not-exceeding' P10,000 "shall:lie ..imposed . upon· anyone Who .shall . · purchase. -s.ell,·. kidnap or detain a human. . · . beir:ig for the.purcoseot .enslaving him.. :
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~_im~: be. c:~~itted. 'for the .: the offended· party to b: Art. 20. Every person w'Jl~conti~rx,,ta-;law, · .·, · · ..~some-;i~oral traffic, th,e·penalty shall be ..· · willfully. ?r _negli~en~ly )f~us-e,Y.JJtm.~.9~""t~}"""""·~-"!'~~~ea 1~)tsmaximum period. ·. , · . · '. . another, shall oompery~~~t~eylatJi}"I•fqr t9~ 1( ,o/ . ) ·'\. ~~<5~ \ · :. . . · ' . . same. · . · (. . !! '. . :.!I.· · j~ Lt>--:.,,. p. ~rt. ExP.loltatlon · .of ch1l_d·. lab.or ...J.9~-... · ···The ;'p -~~YJ.~f-·prlsion correc~ional ·in its !;:. . Art: 21. Any person V.,ili'ct.Wil lly ca(fsesl9ss.·1mF-::--"'!""""""ijiinim.u.; ~n.g~n\i,eq!um:pe~iodsand a fine not or ihjury to anotherflff.',~rn~'n,:1er c&ntr~r11<>?. ~xce_e~i~~-~-P50SJ sh_a11 · be imposed · ·.upon . · .. · mora!s, ~oocl cu.sto~;:.z.flt~ublid_ERUcystpil~~\IL'J/ d . ~nyon~ rt iwlii~. fl .under:· the . p/e!ext of · co°'.pEmsate_the lat(erfar~~eAf'!l!tl~-'- : ·· :=J-.~., · ·. . !.~por~1~ght~s~.lf of ~-~ebt)ncurred b_y an . r·fi'"\~ ~ ~\\ ··. r= .. iffi . , .·.,,,;~-7.'tl"!dj1nt·,~J.1rd1ahor:_persC?,n· entru~ted · · ·. · ·. d ... Art. ~ 700. Tire relabOn--..oeM~er:i :.:'.'{.»1;tt:i.tljg cust<;>ily··of.a mlnc;ir, shall; against lab?r- ar.e .l'.19.l· m~telY\corwenience .. of:. thi .. public : .... ·~ · . ·. · · · : · . ,.' , .. . (PrlilclplE: of-Non~Opp.re~si<>n)..' ,. ." . :· . ·d. Art. -2:iS,· Exploit~t!~n···9f.. minor~ -~·The .. · • · ·. :pen~lty · ti(" prlsir;m:',qorteqcio.naf.. in ifs · _,-. ·.f. . Art. 1.7Q2 .. ·,·~ase of ci";ubt, .all 1.c.ibor. mi9imurn a.nd.me.d.iuinpJ1rl.ods and a.fine riot . : · · l~f)islatio.ns and al( labor corfracts. $hall be, excee·ding P500 sha.11 be imposed up.on:·· . ·:. ". construed favor'. of the·-safe.ty and ~ece,:1t i·. :.A.ny" pe'rson.-who shall·.cause:.a_riy. hoy or . · li.vi~9 for the iaborer. g!rl Ufld~r 16 years ofage to perform:any· · ·· dangerous·f~at of -bi;ilanq!ng, ph_ysical ·.· Not~:" Art. 1702 of theJ3i.vll Code ls' related .. ·streng·~r:i. or contortion; . . . : . . .. ··... to A1°t: 4. the. t.abQr Code on consfruction .. · . . . • : ii. Any" pe.rson. who, being,_.·an· acrobat, in· favor of labor, , : · .: .. . . gyi:n_nast,. r6pEiwalker.; diver,.wild,animal : . · tamer or ·circus man~9er. ot engaged in · g. ·Art.' 1703. No co·ntract:\vl:lfctr practically : . a:·. s.imilar .calling, shall .. employ ·in ' -amou,:1ts to invoit.,mtary seivitude, ·under any exhibitions of these kind.s c.hildr'(;ln.undergu~e.whatsoever, shall ge valid.· 1 e. years of age who are -not his children or'"descendant~;· ·. . : · .
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maintaining or preventing-. coalitions of capltal o,r' labor, strike of laborers or lockout bf .. employer. shall employ violence or threats in such a:degree to compelor force the laborers er employers in the fre'e and legah~xer~ise of their lncustry or work, if the act shall 'not constitute a more serious .. J:iff'.ense in accordance with theprovislons of. .this Code. ·
callings · enumerated · in . the- next p,recedlng paragraph who sh~II· employ any descendant of his under 12 years of ag~ in such dangerous:exhibitions; . . . . . iv. Any ascendant, guardian, teacher or : person ·.entrusted ·in a'ny. capacity. with / the care· of· a· child under '16 years· of age, who , shall deliver -sucn · child ... gr.atuitously to any person following any. .. ; ·. : .. of thecallings enurnerated.inparaqraph 2 hereof, or ta any habitual vagrant or . be,gga'r; ' ·. , ·
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3. Special Lavis · .. a. · ,Social Secur.ity ' System Law (R.A, No. '. 828~); , . .. · . b. -Government ·seNtce insurance System Law .If the q_elive(y'shall have been 'made in . .(R.A. No. ·829·1.);. · .. . . consideration of · · any .. prtce, .. · c. ' Limited: Portability Law (R.A. No. 769~).; ... · cornpensatlon, 'or 'promise, the penalty . ··:d .. National. Health Insurance 'Act (R.A: No. shall in. every c~se be irriposed in· its · 78!.5, .as·ainende~); · .: . . . . .. . · maximum period. · . · . e. · Horne Mutl,lal.Oevelopment.Fund Law (R.A. · .;: . . · . . · · . . : ~ . · ;./-:1,. No. 96WJ,'131h · Month. Pay· Law· (P.Q.. No. . l!J e_i~~er case, th~r·guardian or cur~\gr~~}(.;i 851,' as amend.edJ;Paternity Leave Act (0'.A.··· . convicted shall .atso be removed .. ffO!?)ft/i.:,:;;,,,_ . . No. 8187); . , o~ice· as guardian'or curator; a~d ·in!-~~,,.:.(i:1f;;-j·. . t. Expanded · Maternity Leave Law. (R.A. case.ct ifie :Parents· of the. child, ~e~::.'' .·••:....,.p......_ 11~:1.Q) · · · may. -·be deprived, . temporarHyy 1~9)9~~arentsyvelfare Act (R.A: 8,972) perpetually, · in :.the . tliscretj_o_r:r(rc>f, the \_r 1 . , · · ~-AAt:tioler:ic;~ Against: Women· and· -Thelr court; of their parental'autH'oFity~ and ~ /1,... J . Chi~;'~n Act (RA. 9262). · .. Y·. Any.P,ersc;m-who_sn~·II in.d,.\J.~/~ny·c_h~lt ··(· ~rv,~~nfl'~a'rt~otWbmen(R:f\. 97fO) · . .' .. und~r ·16 y~ar~ of:.age_)~~~ab1.1~~~"·th~ _ J •. · Apjti~~_ex~a~ Harassment ·Act (R.A. No. : . h.ome .of 1~s · as~~R}fants_. · €l}:iattlrans\.. · !,877>.f' · 't . . . : · . ·. .; · .:,.. : . · curators, <;>r· tea?Em~ t~·f~.!_low.· a11~-. 1;,,l .. ·. k .. $p~clpl Pl,totect1on,... of Children ·~gamst. pe~s~~- eng_aged l(6, an.y.c:df.Jl:i~)calihis~ •.. ~,!w.~-~,~~~P.l9ifalion,and D is·crimination Act · . men~loned m ·paragt~ph·i-n,?r}Qf,o~tei.:· ~~"./ _ .- · -(R~N.9,µ7610,·as.amended by R.A. · No. .. accompany-.any · h~blroEJ:;:vagrnnt k:;.. . 9231); · · . . . . . ·.·. beggaF:. · · .. · \i : . · . Y;~ : : · \' ; .,,:,,.T .. :J. Anti'.-Age.. Disc;rimfnati.on in Employment Act .. ~~. · t .- . .• f\'§':' ..~}---_.., ,,., ;7·• . ;\~,' ,1. · 1·• ... •ul (RA. 10911) . • . . . • ;;-,~.:~r ~I···r.j . . ,. . ·: · .. . . · . · . e, · ,Aft_. ·291 .• ·Revea1ing secrets·'1(.~h ab~fi1q~-:._,~-~m :.. f?xi:tanded· Senior. Citizens ~ct (R.(',- 9994, ·. : office - T~e penalty of arres(
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LAB.OR -STANO-ARDS SAN 8£1;:>A_LAW'CENTRALIZE:D BAR OPERATIONS - MEMORY AID 201"9
5 .. ·Assure the ·rights of workers to: .(CJS2) .a.. ~ollective bargainirig; . · · · b. Just and humane conditions of work; c. §elf.-or:ga~izatior:i~ and d._. :§.ecurity openure. .. . . Llrnits-totheProtectlon Afforde.d: . 1. · The protection ·of the· rights qt workers· cannot. justify {lisregard · of relevant.jfacts in the construction 'of the text and applicable rules "in . order to arrive at .a dispositlon in . favor an . . · employee (PAL, lnc. v, NLRc;· G.R: No, 87698, .. ; . ·Septeir,ber 24, .1991); ' ·· . . .. ·· . . ·. ,- Q. ,.C.0t1rts cannot render decislons.on the.basls of . . sympathy for the working men atthe expense pf ' the ,employer (<;altex, PHL, ... tnc.. ·v.. PH, ·labor· . Orgariizatio'n,·$:R.,NQ..
L-54.06;,Api:il 29," 1953);""
of the latter (DreamlandHotel Resort·· v. _Johnson, . G.R. No. 191455, March 12, .2014}'. . . . Reasons for Affording Greafer Protection · to Employees: · · 1. · lnaccordance with the doctrine that those.who . -have less in li.f~ should have· rpbre .. in. law · (Eastern Shipping Lines v. · POEA, G,R. No. · 76633, Ocfoberi8; 1988); .. · . . . . . ·.. -2. ln the matter of employment barqalnlnq., the . employer stands" or:i. higher. footing than the t employee (1.AZUCENA," supra at 25);, ·· · . · . . ~-. There· isqreater supply than .demand for-labor · {Id.); and . . . . . 4. Tlie need for-employment by Iabor-comes from· vital, and even desperate, necessity (Sanqhez v. Harry Lyons Construction tnc.,
GR. No.·L::217.9;
3. · Where both parties · 'have 'vidlated the law, , October 1 f!, 1.9sor. . . neither party .. is ·... entitlec( . to . _j:>rotectiq~.,;;."'""""'·"--..._=-·:... . . . · (PAMBUSCO _Employ~es'.· Union lnc~v.f"C'Tk,7 . '"'" ~dljtii"ni..s.trative Interpretation ~ ·· <;,'.R.-N_o. 46727,- Septemb~_r: 27,.'1~:)f!f; an;a:;· J-\t niJ"e regulation·. promulgated.. by · an 4. Protection . to la,bor , auth~z<s"'\ rj~i~:-""""'=e.Sfr!i~istf~~y~~~ody ih. excess of . its rule-making oppression nor self-de~tri.JctiSf'~<:>f}~\,,.eg;>ployer· . autnbr~zy,"i~)\.'OQjd. , -Thus, .an administratlve (Pacific. Mills, In'?. v.·.Alo_n~<){_ ~'JSl,N.ef:, WG900";'£"""."-=tntew.r~t~\(~tl 'wfli9~Jakes.away benefits. gr~n!ed · in . July 26, 1991). . ' . "JJ',Q.~ /tf"'. : lP.) '.!\- . ·!tie law\is- :~~~'+'i'!,te'~- (CE}T9 Employees Union v, . . · . .!/ . • ,Ir; ,4~ ~Jave, G,R. N~-efL-_49fJ.82,Ja{1uary 7, 1986). _ARTICLE 4:. _CONSTRuc110~· 1'tf ·FAY.OR "OF """'~. . . ·. i, \( r[) '\ . . .. . . LABOR· .. · · _ · · .. ·-.·.:--r~. ;= -~~!,!~C~5:RUJd~~--~ND_REG~LATIONS All doubts m the··1n,pl1;3m~nfat1e>A,{afd mter.pretat{§_ ? mm ~,e'irule§. and r.eg9latj~sissued by the DOLE shall ?f the. p~oyisions. of. t~e LilbJr.P,_ra.9e,inchJ,ding-Pl&~~com~l._!:ffecDve:x:c.:· f\~een ::· ·(1 _5) days after 1mpleme~tmg ·rules_ and· irEfguJ.r\rpnQ~~ .• be --:...... <' an~~~~- ~lnt -~f. th rjjadopJ1on m newspapers of resolved m_favor.otla_b9r (LA.BO.l?'j,'SJ.OD'lt!;1.: ~J--:.· ·ii;w . 1 ;a:1'9enetaJ;}:> {ilatL©Ac>(bA'B.OR"COQE,Art. 5).
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°Liniitciltior:~·to. L_ibera!_.Constructi_on:. ·;'---~~--,, J;'°vJt~~ · : . .. . . • · : .· . , -. 1, . Prot~ction .to - labor._and c'resolutipil. of doubts ~in..,.=-··-:,pe~ceptions:{CELFIG} '· ·· · · . '- . :favor (?f lalX>r car:inot bEi):lOrsµe4 to deliberateiy . . 1. · &_orporc1te .officers ·invol'v.ed. in: iritra:.CorporatEl· :. cornm~t c1 miscarriage --of,justice. ,Th~- right. to. · .. disp1,1tes under. P.O.· No, 9.02-A'l}OW fall 1,1nder ,, . obtain.I justi¢e is· :enJoyecJ. .by all 'members of . ·.the_jurisdic.ti~r;i of the Regulc1r.c:;91;1rts porsliaiitto· .: . . socletY,, rich pr pqor\ _wo_lj<eror. manager; alien or : : . the Securities R~Qttlation c~.d~ (Nacpil V, IB_C, .. : ·citizeri!(1 AZUCENA, supra.at·26.:.?7):. • · · · . G.R: No. ·14476·7-, fvfar_ch 21, 2002);' .. . . . . .. . .. •,. . ' .. ·,
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The law ··~iso. recog.ni:z;es that·. management" h~.s · rights_,'.· which· ·are ._:~tso,.entitled, respect. ·and . 'enforce!1Jent in -the ·in!erest:of fair. play ($t.. Luke's· · ..... Medfcal -dnter Employe_e.'s.-Ass·'iJ: ·NLRG, · G.R. . No-. -162053, March 7, 2007). -.. · · · ·
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Application to the Appreciati.on of;-Evidence ·, .. . . . The rule ehuncia'ted· irl.Aitfcle 4·.of the.Labor Code . li_ke~ise a~plies. in )fie:,appreda~toni (jf .evid~nce !iJ ·1abor .pfoqeedings. .If- doubts . exist :..betw.~en.. the· evidenc~ ·presented by the employer and the empl~yee, jth"e seal~ of justice must be tilted in.Javor ; . :
61
2019
shN sEoA LAW cENT~l]~Eo sAR d"PERATioNs
2:_-- .5mploye~is:·of goverimi.enf-owned. or controlled · ·,, C~'B?rations- ,(GO.CC)· cyeated by· sp~<::ic;ii. _or · · . ong111_al_.Cba~er.· Such. employees ar(;l governe.d .:·. by the ·_Civi!-Seryice.·"(JiJco· v., NLRc,· .G.R. No. '_98107,.Augu_st 18, 1997)'; .. . ·-: ~- .. ,·
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. . ,:.rote: The ph_rase "wit.h ,original ch~rte"r'' refers to 'corporations chartered ·:by _special ·1aw. .as · distinguished from corporations organized-u'n~er the. Cor"poration.Cbde (NASECQ'v. "NLRC; G.R. No. L-69870,:NoVembef.49, 198_8).
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TiTLE .ONE: RECRUITMENT AND PL.ACl;MENT OF WORKERS. . . .
GENERAL
cHAPTER.1: PRov1s1o_N·s .. ARTfCLE; 13.; D.EFINITIONS · . . . Worker is· any memoer of the labor force, whether· employed. ·or une.mployed · (LAB.OR G_OD~. Art. 13(a)). · · · ·
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Recr,,iitment Pl~ceme.nt is a·ny act of · (CETCJ-fUP). Canvs3sSlf'!9, ·!;nlisting, ]/~nspprting, ~ . Co11tracting, !ii.ring,· !,!tilitihg or- frocurin·g workers, · ~ · ··. . and includes (CRAP) _contract services; _Referrals, · rt:·-A_dvertis.i.ng qr· fro"rnisin9 fq"r "emproy(]1e'.nt. locally or . . ~ abroad, whether for ·profit .or not;.-·Prbvided,That any · F.&,_;_:.. . .person ·o.r entity which; in ;:iny manner, offers or rJ\ . . promlses.for .a fee ernptoyment to: two (2) 'or more ~"' · . persons shall be-deemed: 'erigag.ed in recruitment · and placement (LABOR CODE, Art, 13(b)). 6 .. ·QC?Vef!1n:ienrAgen~ies ·. . · - . . · . . . ,../:.~' ... · · · r, · • t'i:~... • : The .._National Parks· Development Com11:11tteE;,;.1S.. Y).[. Note: : . .. . . . . . an agehc.y of tt1e·gov1::rnme~~; not ~ GOC.C(tts,(.,:;~\ · 1. "Recruitment includ.es the act of referral (People ernployeesarecovered by civtl service_ rulesi~ii.
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.ARTICLE 15: .·BUREAU ··OF ·EMPLOYMENT· . SERVICES ... The Bureau. of Employment· Services· (BES) was abollshed by virtue of E.O. No. 79 whiqh. took effect . · on May 1, 1982. Its· domestic employment functions . were ·. assumed by the . BLE. whire Its -overseas : functions were assumed by. the POEA (.E._9. No. 797; Secs. 3-4):
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·hiring, nonetheless, shall pass through POEA for. processlnq process {1 AZUCENA,p. 63).
. Reasons of the Prohibition: · .' · . 1. -To . .assure the -best. possible terms... and.· conditions of work to th'e employee (1 POQUIZ, ftupra at 89); . To assure the: foreign . employer that he .hlres . cinly qualifled ·Fi1ipiri9 w6rkets(Id.); . · . N·ot.e: Thus, ihe (unctions: of ttie BES.. are. now 3. To insure -compliance with. the Labor· Code asslqneo a~ follows: . : . provislons on :the solldary liability of, private · 1. · Bureau of LocaFEm'j,loyment (BLE) .:...forloca! .~r:ripl9yme.nlar;i~ recruitment aqencies with tbei/. - . empl_oyment; and '. ·· ·. · · · · ·foreign principal (Id.); af!d · . . 2 .. · Philip~ihe · Oyerse~s . . En,ploy.me~t 4. The ban is. a form pf .protection for the .Filipino · .. AdminJstration · · "(POEA) ·. -..: · for. overseas : ·,. workers, .so. that ttrey w111:: not fall p·r~Y 'to . · employment, ·. : · unscruputous and .abuslve for.~.igll. employers · . _ . . . · : ·. who m ight · victimize them in the . absence of . ARTICLE 1~: PRIVAT~ RECRUITMENT·, - . . . gqvernm.ent r.egulation (D.UKA,. Labor Laws and . . General rule: No person or. entity other.than publi.~--.:::n-.~---::..· Sociat L~gislation:. A Barrister's Companion f!mploymentottices sh air eng;;ige In the re-:~ifment-ru· . if'2~6lJ.,p. ·42) [hereinafter;DUKA].· and 'placement .of workers .(0BOR C~,Pl=,.,At!)f_~)- \ · J..'':).j'. ---;v· .~~...,,_ . · . .. .· . L ·:.:-._;..,...=.~-~.~}'.JPLI;·.jl9~ COM.MISSION· ·ON. FILIPINOS Exc~.ptions: Tl;le following.entit.i~1~~re!>-au!ll~ize~,:to .- . · ':9VER.~fAS/·1Sr:. .\. . _ .. · . .. recruit and place workers for l0cal~~'d-;6"'.~1.Seas~~~·'fh~~~"l!'s10'2,\"r,rseas and ·formulates an 3.. Construction contn_:ict_o.r:f!it*i1]lt!£fr.iied)11>.opera'te-- .l··:r~.egrate,ppr09ft:11.],.,_}~~tpromotes tb_~· ~~.lfare :Of. · by )he.· D<;)Lf; and th1(~Msfructidn~ lncfi:isf~"'I ~F~Tn~s{?v~rseas(B.~P.~i/3/g_. 79), .: ·. .. · 7 : Au,thonty; . · . = .. • -i',J· · /.,..... 4. .Members of the . diplo. ati~~orp~Wµt. hirii:lg.;:.:i..!.1'-'- ARTICJ~Q;NH-Tl0 1L .SEAMEN BOARD . must also go t~ro1:igh. P\~~1i) l . . . ·,;.\ \, . .. •' Yffi . 1, ·198~) abolished the NSB .. ~- QJher persons or. ent1U!:!~\as'ma\be. utfl.R!l~ei'@, dr1:~~li:erre~i1ts fuiii~ti~ns to ~he POEA. · · · .. : by the DOLE Secret.ary;.a~d · '>;'. •• ~~ 1· :· -.$<. ·. c~ · , .ii ·. ; /J ·· · · .· · · · . · · 6 .. ....§!).ipping ·or .manning. agent,s or. r$te~~n!~tlv~~:Ji1 , E '-J!i: F.O~IG.N SERVICE ROLE · AND . (1 AZI/CENA, supra a·t 47).\: .. . · , .. ( S07E~,..1::;:pAR.JIC._JPATION. /I. · ·. · · ' · · .. . . : · .· -~. .: :)' ~~T-liiSJ.~,u~Ej'rs~e9.eti by,B.P. Big. 7.9 entitled "An.Act Aqicle :11:... · OVEf:lSE~~. ·· ):~RL6;t~~:y:..,,~.;:;e~ticf~h; ,.,<;,0i£missionon Filipinos OveFseas. an:d · . ~EVEJ:..OPM~NT ~P".\RD,;·(Refer tQ tlj~e.vs_jion.1\ Ji ·,fu~iber&fl!lrposes:"· . . .. · .· · . . . on .Ph.ilipp/ne·. Overseas. · .and · · Emplb¥meRt I,VJ-_;,...£:~_':,/ . · · · . . . ·. · · ·· : . . , . · · ··Administration (PO~A).: · : _:. :· 7~'"':~te:''ltis ·necessaryto monitor t.t,e··status oH)FWs . . . . . .. in th£!ir .respective areas . of assignment. and to .. . ARTICLE'1 ~·: BA~ [)l.~ECT HIRIN.G. . . ensi.n:ethat they.are· n'ot exploited:ol'abu~ed by their·, Direc~. Hires . - ·. worker.S·.directly. hired· by. ttte . · /o~.eign.principal e.m~loy°ers (1-~0Q()/Z, s~pra··at90). employers for overseas,employment. • . . . . . . ·.,
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.i;l!Cceptio(!s: '.Dir~~t:·h!ring. by. rnernb.~rs· the!. (DION) . . · 1. .Qlplomatic corps; . . . ,: . 2 .. ·!nternational·qrganizations; ; ··· 3.: ·.·other em·ployers as may b.e allowed by DOLE; . ·: and · · · ··· .· ·. · · · · ·. : .. · 4. Nam~ hires...:.. indivldua1 wo.;k~~swfio.:are to- · sec:;ure cqntracts for. overseas employment. ·On their.own efforts.arid representations without the assistance· or participation of any agency.· Their
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.pr-oteCfion to··.·Filipino
.-.~c'!.r~~rsabroad: .. · : .. · - · · ·. · . ,' · · _.• .1-. · Labor. atti;iches . · 2, · Labor reportin!;f officers ci.~signated ·. by· . th~· . ·$ecretary:ot Labor . : · · · ·: ··. ' -. · 3, · Phil. ·ofploma~ic·.or cot.isulai):>tfidals·co·ncerned (LAlfJ':)R CQDE, A,:( 21)-:_. . . . . · · : .
Four go~ernment agel)cies thai ·promote the "Yelfa(e ·'. a net . ptote.ct the _.ri~flts ·bf . ov.er$eas Fili'plnos in· adtlltion. to U,cise provldeq ,,mder Art. 21: . · ·
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protessionats and Na~ions aqencies or speclallzed bodies (R~so_lution No... 1-83; Inter-Agency · . commltte« : for tmotementetton ·c/E. 0 -. N9. 857): employees
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Effects of Failure.'to Remit: : · ,. .1 .. Workers who fail to c9mply_ with the mandatory remittance requlrernent.shal] be suspended or" excluded from the· list of eligible workers for · . overseas , employment. ·sub"~equenf .vlolatlons shallwarrant his repatriation'. . ·. 2. 1=·mpfoye:rswho fail to comply shall be ·~xc!uded ... from the overseas employment proqrarn. -·· 3. Private· employment agencies or. entities- sh al( . face cancellatlon or revocation of Jhe_ir licenses . orauthority to recruit, without prejudice toother liabllltles" under· ¢x\stlng· laws · a.ng .requlatloris ."(E.O._ No. ·857, Sec. 9). ·
·.· .. Private Fee Charging E"mploymelit Agency·(PEA). · · is· any person or _entity engag~d· in· the recruitment · · ahdplacement.of workers for ~ fee w_h_ich i_s:.ch~rg!;id; dlrectly orlndlractly, from the workers, or employers . · . or both. (LABOR (:;ODE,Art..-13(c)). : . . . . . . . ... ·: .. 50%" ··~0%.
Private Recruitn'jent EnJlty/(f>RE) is-a.ny;person' or· association. engaged". in the". . recruitment and. 'ptacement of workers, locally.or overseas, wi(h9ut · charging,. directly .or . indirectly, . any fee -frorn the .. 'workers or employers (LABO~ COPE! Art. 13{e)). ·· .. · ~ .
2019 SAN SEDA lAW CEN!RALIZED BAR.OPERATiONS
9
1.:ABO·R.· STANt>.A.RDS . SAN'O£DAl:AW CENTRALIZED OAR OPERATIONS - MEMORYAID 2019
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It doe'~·not-.charge an'y·. fee either.·dir.ectly._or , ·.· indirectly fr.om'the. .: wori<e'rs or l;)mployers to which'Jhey would·be . deploy.ed.' .. ·
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: · Artlele Citizensh11;)·.Requir~meht\Artfcle~l_~~tlieRe~toitrn.enJ;&.:EfT,lploytnent',of L.and~llcl'$ed · · Capit"lization.·_ (See fol~ovyi'f.ig di~ce~~(oif.·.§f(!,{E~-r··c\~: ve~rlasvV01er~. Rl.!1~· r;.~ec.. 3.: (TQC-~ES) 1.;..-2~'!-~~el . · qualitiCf:!tionsl_disqu.?lifications). ' .,~· :- · 1 -~ ~- ~ 1!. J.' ~~~.~ties, and , s~les . ~geJ1<;:ie.s. of · · · ·. · · · · · ,. : · --< -""'~=.=:""- -1;.~1rl.~_dom.pa11ies;·. · , .'. . . . - . . . . ~uafiflcatiqns fof J:>~rticip3.tiol'I -In ·. ~rli.ft'i.~nt. r,. { \t!Jielrs~:9r.··meiribers· o~. ~~ ~ard of,any .. ~n~. ~l~cem':nt Ac~viti_es:· ... "· . . · ""~...~ .. 1Vt£.--~~:rcol"J)o~a~i~n,-o~. rne~~,ers:ifl a· p~Hi:ier.s.~ip · . · . 1:. rC1U;z:ensh1p requ1reme.nt : . · · . · · ~~ :· · eng,aged 11) the business. of 1:1 ~ravel .age,ncy;· · . . . ·a, Filipino..ci!ii:ens ·~ct1ngas sole_ pr9pnetor,stiip c, ·. ~orpo.ratiol)s and par.tner~hip~•. wheii•any.of .. ; · or.-,par'tnership;.9r . · · •.. ·. . . '. · . · .. . its .offic;:ers, . rri~m.be'rs·.. tit. th~ . board· or '?-'.· ·corporatiorys with at. .least :.'75% of the ... 'partners, is also an: offic~r; meml;1er ohhe ·.. authc;>ri_zed and voting caplt~I. stockofw):lich · ·bpard · or. partne<_: of .corpo~atiqh '. or . · . ·,, . 'is .own~d. a_nd. cont.rolled· by Filipinp· citize_ns partners.~ip engijged in ·fhe ·.bu~ine.ss·.o.f. a . : . ·:. (LAB9R CbOE; Arf 27)(·'. :. . . : • .travef~gency(int~r}pcl:(lng -qfflcets);: ..... . - ·.. 2... Capitalization (LABOR CO'DE,.Art. 28) · . . d. rndividuals, partners;o.ffic~rs o(Qirectoi'~ of . '·. a. Private . employirieot : ag!3.ricy ''fpr :: loc.al.. c,1n in$.,uraQCe·company\y)1Q fnake; woppse . e!'Tlployment · · ·. · · . · . · · ·., . ·. ·o:r provide pn insuraqce. coiitract u.nder' the . . ' .. . . ·_. . · ·): .: . compulsory insurance cove·rage·f<;>r-agency. i .. _, ·:hi.red Overs·eas f.:Qipi.rio Workers~ . · · . · - e.·· ,§.tile· propFietors. pa~n~.rs or.'.offl,~ers· and . · me.mbers of the -board wlth derogatory· rec·ords,', sucti 'as, 't;,u'r.-11ot limit~ij -to ·the: following: :. _.. ·: . ~ . . ·, . . ' . . i. : Tliose convict~d. or :againl?t . whorn .. · ... probabl~. cause ·or prin;,a: fa~ie ~rid.ing _of guilt : ls deter.fl')i~ed .bY. '. q . competen_t ·authority', for illegal. ~ecruitmE;lnt, .or for ·
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other ·. related crimes or offenses committed in the course of, related to. or . resulting from; illegal recruitment or for crimes involving moral turpitude· • . .. it Those· ag'encies· Whose licens~s H'ave been: revoked for· viotatlon of RA 8042' . (Migrant. ·.Workers·· and. Overseas -FiflplnosAct of 1995), as amended, PD · 442 (Labor Code bf the Philippines), as · ,.·arriended, and :RA ·9208 (Trafficking.Jn Persons Act of 2003), as amended; and their irnPl.errieriting · rules . ~nd · . . regufations; . ·. . : . m. Those agencies whose licenses ·have· . ': ··been cancelled, orthose who; pursuant . to' th0e.Order of the Admfnistrator;were ·. . , ...ipcllid~d ·. i~ · the list of' persons" :with. · ·. · · deroqatory · record · 'for .: violation· .of . . .'ricrvitrnent laws andrequlanons: and . . ·t :..AnY.°·-·offii::i~I :· or gmployee o(.th~·. ·'ooLE; · _,,.,:i '. POEA, ·OWWA;· D.F.A, !;)OJ, DOH,· Bl, ic<~··J{_ .NLRC; . 'fE$DA, .CFO, NBI, PNP., . Ctvil'l,t~,,~ Aviation.Au.~hor,ityof}b~ Phii;ppines (CMF,{~·~''..".~ lnternational P.,irp_ort Aut~oritit,~s·;-and ot~E1mi.7::hJ.' .gpvernr,r1ent aqencles .dlrectly ·in.vbl,Yed' i,1-l.'~.,. the·: in:ipl~~entation,:. of RA/8,~2~'.' as a1;1~n.ded, .an~tpr any, of .hi1?~.er,,.relativeS:),-;-~(.· · . w1th1.n the 4th ct\111.pegree:of c;o)1s~r(guinity 9y-'i; .· · .. affinity (R.A. .No.··8042, 'Sec.jfft,; l'-} .
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~ooperatives whether regi~tered or not . underJhe Cooperative Act of the Philippines (Sec. 5(d)); : e. Law ~nforcers and any. official or employe~ Qf the DOLE (Sec. 5(e)); ·· · .. · f. .§ole p(op~ietors of duly licensed agencies are prohibited from securing another license l!J eng;:ig_e · in recruitment anp placement (Sec. 5(1)); and. g. ·. .§.ole proprietors, fartnerships or. . . . . . :&orporation~ licensed to. engage. in private. : recruitrrrent · and· placement. · for local ~ri1ployme'n! .a.~eproh'i~ited from e.i:igaging in job co_ntractirig··or s.ubcqntractfng:activities (Sec .. 5(g)f ' ' .. . . . ' . Lu;ense vs:. Authority .
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· · ;. / ~ \\ · · ·' _: · . · · ' · . · .·. . . ·· · •:.~ For·Qverffea~.En;1ployme.nt· . · . : _ : J~ot~:·. Thus: ·it_ s.h~ll·jit(°unla.~4}'for· ·a~~. I~:·\ Within, ryl,~ _(5{w?r~jn~ da}'.~ .frq~-sati~f?_cti6ri?f the
'. .. ,. ... :offic1.al oremployee of:wro@l=E.,t,tl'J~ ~~~_;· . p~t~1;1~[1fi~ti,9~1]{~q~ir~ments, a pre>VISJOn~l. liqen'se·.. · or t~e OWWA; ~~ ~Dta~·t:ir.0t11i~D :· ~-~~ which sh.~J~~~y.~_l.!9',W1thtn a non-:exte_ndible'period o'f · .. . . .~ov~!:11ment ?Qei:ic1es. if:!¥9.1.'i~~-~.(in . the ... · ~o. (?) yea~s.·.frotn the. date. o.t. issuan~e ~hall be · : · . implementation of this Act..~r. tneir \Elrjltj~ls .. . 11... 1ssoecf by : the PO.!=A '(2016 POEA Rules ana. ; . \oVithin ~h~. 4.th .civil d~g~ee_.of.§~~~~$11,Ji~,ity·'·. 'I F'art_.11, 1j,ufe·11, Sec'..· .11). . .· :. ,.. pr affinity, to engage; d1~eclly,or md1rec_tly'_j~l:,_,.:;.,•,'t?;'l,h' ! 1Y':~ ·. . . . . ·the_.ti1:1.si.ness'of i.e!~ru1tirig:_·111i~Wnt-.w9;~irs · : Upon._-appli~tion,: a ·P!.ovlsional .Hce:nse i'n~y be . · ·· ·. _- .. (f,?.A. N.q, 8042,. Sec, 8).· . up~r~ded_ to a reguli:ir license at ~n.Y t1rt1~· d4rirg its.: . ·. . · · .. · , ,, ... · . . _. '.. ·. .: · · · . ·. ·. ~. · vahd1ty: .uP.<:>i::i d13ptq~m.~nt pf one hundred, {100). 2. Local Employment ... · . work~rs:. ta Its n~w pnnc,paJ/s .(2016 POf=A Rules & · . · · Undei Departr.nent Order No. 14l 14 · S' · 5 ·· R~gil/ation'$ Go.vernfng Overseas Employment, Sec: . :; · . , . - . '·. ec. : tjt;· : · · ... · .·r . · · ··:: .· ..... ·. . (ITAC-00-RC" . . . '-ES'"'P.C): -.;, . . I . . . . . . .. .,
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,, . . ' . . · · .N9te: The ·.applici:ltion. · fpr. _up~raping-.,. 9f :· th~/:.,.' provfsionc1I licens_e shall ·be filed withil) :tt:ir.e~e:··(3):: . months before· · the ··expiration· of the. provrs.kmak . license·:(~016POEARules'8,ReguJi,tiot,s¢.<;1vf!fning;\~ . .6verse_as Emp/oyrnerit,=Bec.'}4).·
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A ljce'ns·ed r:1:1crult'tnent.agency. .s~i:iufcl ,'sclbrnft:· appli~~tion fer·t!le renewal .of.its'llc~nie·wJthirft)ir'ee. P)months before·the.explration ofJ~s·li~~tise.-(2016.,. pOEA- RuJes & Regulations, Governing "overseas ' . Emi:>foym_ent, Sec: ~ 5).' . . · · . . . : : .· · .
2019 SAN BEOA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OP.ERATIONS
11
LAB.OR·STAN DAROS
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· results in ': ac1ua1· di~solutlon 'of · the · partnership. The s1.1rvlvlng· partner/s shall, within·· 10 days, report such d~att\ or withdrawal to the Administration. Failure to' report l?hall . automatically include the saryiving 'partner/s 'in the 11$t of persons with derogatory're~rd .. (201~ POEA · Ri!les . and . Re·gul;;i,tions.. Governing· Overseas·Employment,Rule II, Sec. 23). 4. Recruitment ·outside ·registered·.buslriess ·,;.;, A licensed -~ecr.ulti:nent .agen.cy may cohduct' rem.1i~ment activities . outside. its · regi.ste.r_ed . address.. by secu'ring a $.pecic:11 R~cruitment . Authority prior lo the con·duct of the recruitment (2016 POEA.Rules·and Regulations Governing ·ovet~eas Emp7oyrnent;'Ruie .VII, Sec. :sa). ·, - .
For Local Employment . The· appllc::ation ·for license shall b.e filed· in \he Region.al Office/Field Office having jt,Jrisdictio.Q 'over the place where·the appi'icant iritends to.. establish its · office.(D.'0.''141-14, Sec .. 8). ·.' . ·. . .
'An application. for r'enewa1 of license mas.t be tiled not earller than sixty (60} days btit not later .than . thirty .(30.) days befo,re expiration. :The. validity ~f thE! renewed license shall start on tt)e date of.' expiration ·of-the: pre.via.us license (b.. O, ..N.o,> 141~14, Sec. 13): . . : .. ~ . . Validity· of License ,.: . .. . · 1. For· Ove.rs'eas ·.EmpJoyment . ...,; ··The regular . . license. stialf be valid up to the full term of four ·. : (4) years .frorn the date 'of.. issuance :Of ·the ·'provlsi,;inai: :license·. (2016: POEA Rules .a!Jcf ... ·. . For.Local Emp.loyme_i-it . ·.. · .. :. ·"Regula.tiori.s·fattil;·RtJleII, Sec. 14f . .· . · 1. Transfer/chanqe ..otownership or control·- .A.n ·: 2.- ,i=~~. Loca.1: Emp_loyme.n.t-:-The· li~.ens.e. sh~~l,&~===~~gen.cy- d~siri~g .' to .transfer. :6w.~ersh.ip :·~ha.II va!i.~... for .ttJree. (3) ·Y.ears .frc::>rf! .-th;,,s~te ~f .1f · ,~sor.i:,~~der its· license. to the 1~sumg· Reg1on13I. lssuance unless sooner revoked Qr.,,.can~e~led -! ·i.J?1_,c7"aFJ..d the n~w·'?wner(s _of'th.e..agency must. :(p.0,.('19 .. ·141-14, Sec. 12) .. : .a,p~l{.!9.J:~!:!eWl!cense.A~h~n.ge.·or transfer of _. . · ··. ., . . · /./· . '\6.1!?': . . ~,etsh11(~'r~:.. single proprietorship shall . No. . LICEN~E OR AUTHO_RITY · tft)~. 11':}) '){- w· .: 14'{z.1?!:§~ef:tt5,,tpa[.1~2) .. · . : ·,· . No llcens~ or authority sha}f b~\,1s, d, di~ctly. /Jr ~. i2~ Death of\oJe pro~netor - In case of death of a Indirectly,' by any person othe'r,than tife.one n:wh_ose . .,, · sing!} pro~{ietg(}'flilelicense may be extended ·, ·. favor it. was issued, nor ·at ·aMf]jftfci'~other ll'i~r'(1naf . mor1 ~c;;!~"4s~(6) '.months fromthe dea\ti · ~tat~~ ·ia ttie.' lice~se or a,~t.l'fo·rity: (.nor.. ~a(~l\l'tf!7"< ~-~:!Sf pr'?RrijfcirU!j>~~ ~he reques.t ~rm'f"L'\~ll}~dia.te. .
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.P.OEAwith'in 30 days.from SEC approval {2016 . .·ARTICLE :fo: REGISTRATIPN ..F.E.ES · . ' : ... , POEA . · Rules. '·an.d .· R~gutaHons, · Gov.l3r,ning .. · · .Th,& Sepretary of L~bor sh~JI prqml,ilgate.schedule:of . '·. O~erseas Eniploymen,t,.R.ufe. · II, ,Sec, 25~26): . ' · ·fees. for. the i'egist~a~i.o.n' of ·alt applicants f9r tiGense 2. · Death of sole proprietor·:.....1:t1e )1cei1se otth~ ·sole . or· aµthority (LABOB·CODE, ·90). · _.· · · · . . prqprie.forshfp. shali. au~omatically .,bE;i re~oked.., . ·, ·ARTICLE amrns · · . ·~i;,on l.he de.ath ot:the sole ·proprietor: .' The-.next- .. · A!_i:applical!ts1or !icense' or au~,hority shafl posr'such. . ·in-rank.: offi~.er ·of the agency· !>hall,· within. 10 . cash .and ·surety bon.ds· a~"dete(mined·by S.ecretaiy . . days,:·r~porf .. such ·cte.ath· t.<:i·the Adm'inistralion; . . .. · ': Failur~ to. report shalr'autoruatically include such of LabQr (LABOR·COOE, Art .. 31).... : : .· n.~xt-lri-rank ·officer. lri trye . iiit c::>f, 'pe~ons. with . · derogatory record {2016 POEA Rules 'and Purp.9se~ . 1·_. 10 guararitee cori'Jpllance . with presc'ribe~ R,egul
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. 12 I 2019 SAN BED.A.,LP,W CENTRALIZED B~ OPERATIONS
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comp.ly· witt) such notice will iesult in ·the suspension· ofthe._license of the rec~itment agency. Within the same 15-day period,· the. licensed· recruitment agency may explain-why-ifstioutd· not be.suspended .. for · such · failure to comply . (2.016 . Rule~ and Regulation . on . the Reciuitment·& Employment of ·L~nd_-based Overseas Workers,.RufeII-Sec;. 17).
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The .deposlt ln -escrow of a licensed recruitment For Overaeas Emplpyment .: . · agency that'voluntaruy surrenders lts license or has· A.licensed recruitment aqency shall maintain. at all · not renewed · its _liyense·. shall· be released upon. f' times· its escrow· deposit i[I the mtnlmum amount pf submission of the fQ_lloWing: . ·, .. { ·. P1 ,OqO;OOO: tn case . the·. licensed recruitment · 1:. ·.copy.:, of the duh, execute·d/signed. escrow f :agency is required i:)n addttionarescrow pursuant to .. -.agreement; .· . - · . ;t · Sec .. 15·, · if: shalt .malntain . the escrow deposit pf 2. Bank. certification on.the.·· status ..of· ··escr.ow ;,; ·. P1;000,000 plus the'adilitional escrow.(2.Q16 Rules . deposit;· . . . [ .end Reg_ulatib.n'on.the Recruitment & Emplqyme,nt ·3. ·-, Certificate ~f No·.Pen_dirig Case from the NLRC; ', .· .ofL'and;basedOverseas Wotkers;Rule II Sec. 17). 4. Clearancefrom ttle·Adjudica.tic:>n Office; . ,., . . , . 5 .. · Not~rized · . Board, . ···Resolutiqn/Partnership · <-' N~te: Hie deposit in escrow shall be reteasedwherr /~1 . Resolution. <July received by t.he SEC-.on the !;the licensed . ·recruitment' agency vqluntar,Uf>9f decision to withdraw .eserowdeposlt, .jndicating ' . surrenders ' its license .' and upon .submtssion', the ~ame_ Of the person tc J?f0C9SS .and recelve documentary requirements· and, · a surety b:9P~1··"·· 'H·'; 1 . the check"representing the escrow deposit; and f: eci~_ivalent t~ the arl'!e>unt of !he _escrow;deposit\i~HJ:I;: :.::;.'i-:;.q,:-:;~ur~ty J>?nd ~ui~alerit_ to ·Jhe · amount ?f !he· ~.:.·:_ · for four .(4) years f~orn exP,1ra~qn of ltcense,:.(?01;~·i';}),·pl~~~t_g~o~o~C:!.~pos1f vahd for. 4 years froi:n exp1rat1on 1, . Rules f:1nd RfJgulation oi'.) the . ReCfJJit!f,.ffnt. · _&·.~"./ ·l"f . . of~he-li~er;ise,: if- ~ppliC?lble (201.6 _Rules and r· .Employment of t..and-based . Overs,eJ#_"'"'~'\i\>rke(i:1-,::,..f\. · . . · Regulafjpf/}~n the Recri./itment.& Employmentof Rule 1/_S,ec;19). . · · . ;: ..t1·1 · Fi=\ LaQ_d-qiiecJi.\Overseas W<:>rkers; Rule JI, Sec.. .,.j,,S .:.~~ · · ff;., 19}>-f.· 1{ · 1 • · . •· · · · . · . For·Local Employment . /?' .· ~jxb, . _.. I':>, .-. . · /r· ~·- . · . . . ·. . . . · : .· · . { . Up~n· approv~I of ;appl\cation·,flle.~ppli_oi~~sti,j1iP.PST~·. · AR!l.~~t ~Al~ BY WO~KER~ / a _cas~ ~ond 1n ..~he amount of,f~0.(1)00"~1'·~-sor~~ · ., ,,;. Any_ '~~1?.iJ~~P:P.JY1~_g,-w1th. a: private _fee-c~~rg1n_g · b9no in the sum of P100,ooo~(O.,,Q.t:!~f1f./4~ S£?f.i · ·· f~ employment{.clg.en·cyfor .employment_ as_s1stance ;, 11 J: . : . : . . · . . · -~~'"rfr'\' :/ ·. 1 :., stiall rrot be ch.argectany _fee until h_e/~~e.~as~. 1-. · ·· ' · . . · . . : .· .. · · . .. · · '-?°..f,, · . ;",' ·_~.~;.,.;.1. . O~tain~tJ employment.thr.ou~~ effor;ts; ·cir . :,; __'_ ; ~ote: The _agency O?ay vqh.!n.tarjly :t~i:_i:~~~~r:/~ .... :). ~ommenced·employment.· · · . . h~en.s.~.. }t.shall_ p~·_er.ititle~ to the refu~tofitsr.~~-fF,~ ...'--"J,!!...~,,&:-' . .. . . . . . . . : bohp°;~ff~r _posting a_ svrety bond frd~ a. be~_dfng Such fee sha.ll·be alwayi,. co\ler~ w1tti app~opnate ~6i:1ipany·ac~retj_it~d by IC . .It ~.hall be. yali~J~li:,1hree· ·rec~ipt.s cl¢a~y showing the aiyiount:paict: · ~ . ye;:irf-...from dat'3 .· of· filing of.. n·o!ice .of.':blosure. · · · · · . ·· ·.. : t:' · , . R_o,vever, t}le agency ·may inst_eaq opt to maintair:i Eor:overs·e~s E~ployfT!e.nt tr; th.~_cash bond_forth~ee ye~1rs(p:o. r:,Jo. ·141-14, Seq: A-lai:id_~.b.ased.ag~~cy:-may charge.and collect from t. 65). · . . :: . · ·. · ·· · · · . . · · · .... . · its l:lired wo.rk1;ir-s the followirig: · . · ·. · . f · ·· · · · · ·: 1. · Pfacemert; · fe~ ,equival~nt · to. -one. (1}-mont~ )_.,:· exemi>ti.on tr~n,- G~~nishm~nt , _ :. . . salary exch.isfye of doc1.fmentatio11·costs; · The . :bond. : _is· .. il')te,nded to · answet pnly · · f.or ·· : ;,_ ·.employment-related·c'taims arid for v!olation of.labor ·.. N~te~ i;he:·fCll!qwi_ngare ex.cEipte·d fr~m p~yment ( · laws ... ·.. · . .of S\JCh placem~rit and recruitment-fees:. · ·. ,. a. . Domestic worke~s;._a.nd.. :- . · . .. . . . f: . cash bbnd-'filed by ~ppli~nts (or license or authority t?. . ·work~rs tq -be deployed t<;> countries where ;'._ · _is:.Aot subject fo.gami;,hme~t by a judgment creditor.· , ·.· · ·the preyailing system,·either qy.:raw, ·pqlicy· t, · · ot t~e ag!3ncy
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Authentication: Birth Ce~ificate; . . Medi~re; . Trade Test, if riec~ssary; . . : lnbc.ulatiOIJ, when required· by hos.t country; . ~nd · · h. Me.dical. E;xamJnation. fees · (1 AZUCENA, supra at 96). ( · ·. . · . :. · ·
. Grounds for Suspensiot,/Cancellation of License. 1.. · · Unjustified' refusal to-asstst/repatrtate .dlstressed Overseas Fllipino W9rker/s;: · · 2. Deflberate . vlolatron/non-cornpnance of · .the · principal/employer' with .· its ccntractual · No other charges in whateve~ amount, forn:i, m_anner obligations to its hired 'Overseas Filipino or purpose shall be ch~r-ged..~gaitist the averse.as Worker/s; . . Fil.ipino Worke'r, except those specified- in. this Rule· 3; . Continued processinq and deployment of the (2016 POEA Rules · a,id. Rf:igulatlons Governing Overseas · Filipino Workers for . the' . . Over.seas·El!lployment, Book:If, · f:!.tJ/e '.V, :Seo.: 54); . princlpal/employer will . lead- to 'the. further.' and. · · 'exploltation of any oi all. of ifs applicants and. '. The worker shall -pay the placement fee to. the . . Overseas. Filipino Workers cir pose imminent licensed :rec.ruitmetJt.agency:only after'.signing the . ·:·' danger to thetives and safety of its Overseas POEA-approved contract. The agency muat iss~#... ..:..-- ·=,~Filipino Worker/s; or· · · . .BIR-registered receipt stating the pate of p,a'9rne!1t·r :.-1 {1'. "Wll.§,P found t~ .. have hired. and. em_r:,loyed and the_exact ?mOllJ?~ pa_id.(20:16 POE;fo1i.._uJ~tiand f\]a"J!0'1,._e.~"easFtlipmo \ly~rker "':'ho i_s ·~1t~er a. R9gulat10ns Gov.ern,ng OverS(!Bf;,,tYfi!mplpyro':Jitr--;-~> .. Q21n0/ below · _the prescribed rmrumum Book JI, Rule v; Sec. 51). · · · /f. \\/~·:"":· . . '·:a~ .requ!r~~~flt (2016 'POEA Rules & 1 "~<._;,..1,~_.,;,-""'1~~= ...,,,,B~fitl/.f.t{br,,s"q~~erningOvers!3as En:,p/oyment,· For Local Employment : / ..,(_}.~"\ "ill · 'j( '"\V( . Se'Q.· 1(}.:J)·~rf:');\\ · . .. ·'. _No fee whatsoever shall . ;f>e . CQIJ!fctedJ ,:1eith.Mr ;.{\\.. A.~ : . \ _ "\ { \ ·· . . · -. . _.deducted from the salaries o.f~vages:!b(the!workers.. Junsdic~ion \ ,r {]). ~' ·· ... Instead. the agencx. may·~~.af:sl:J'>t(1e e_m~yers_a. ~ne.-Q~~~-Sec~et-ar~/0B?~'; C:~9c~/!f'~JJ:J5LJ;)~.R~fg_-· 1095_83, _Sep~ember_.5, . . ft . t\ ·r,:7 ~l/ff!.Jf._") '!' ~RTICLE 33:. ~EP~RTS\~ ··.11,.. f "<· ; /~/..,'7_kl~-......-;_'{/ ·. . : . , , · . "''\ ~t~. -~ .,_ 110!1',n+· or ers , . STATUS ,, ·\! ' lP~~lL". { '"'"' .k. • I . . • Whenever the public lnterest r\uir_es,{~ Seegjtcl1Y"-.'J.><";{'&e,i~e~~:.~~tn_o :-~rk~r-;efe~sto ba person w~ !s .of L_abo_r may direct all person~ 'er.~efltiti_es,w_ithln·f.h~~-~ ,.,...9e 'ts ;,;P,ga.ge _.or as_ ee~ E!ngag m coverage of thisTitle·tO submit a reP,ort on'tl)E!i;S~\'.1~~1:-:·e ,lllJ~!~ted.a9J1V1ty tn a State of wh1ch_,he_Or: $he of employfTlent, includ.ing joB vaca~ies{ 6Jtail$"'oi~_..,,,d.~·p?11i~,c1t~~~or on boa.rd_ a v_esse_l!'av~gatmg the . job requisitions, separation.from jobs.~
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An appllcant for a · 1icense · to operate a private · employment agency or !Tl~nning agency is· required to submit".an undertaking 'under oath that it shall assume [olnt: and soJ,idary liability withthe employer . for claims · and liabilities which· may. arise in · connection 'yvith -the ·implementatior, · of the contract and shaf guc;1rimtee sompllarice with. exlsting labor . and .soclat · 1egis!at,ions · "(2016..P.O~A Rules. & Regulations Governing Overseas Employment,-Part II, Rule II, See. 4(f)).:·.
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Deployment of Migrant Workers · The State .shall allow the depioyment of overseas . Filipino workers only Incountries where the rights.qt. .,1· . Filipino migrant workers are.protected. The following . ace· recognized as-a guarantee. on the part of the. receiving .. country for the protection · of overseas Filipino WQrkers: (CAtM) . . .. ·. , . ·:· _: (·· It is a·sigj'.latoiy toand/orratltler of.mulfilateral · Coiiventiotls, declarations or resolutions relating · .' to)he protection ·of ml'graritworkers.. . .· 2. -1t .has concluded :. ii·. bilateral Agreement or Note,. · . · . . . . arrangement with--the'g·ovemtnent protecting ttie . 1, The liability bf · the employer . arid. the · . :. rights·.ot'_9verse~s Fiiiplno wcrkers; or . . '. r1;3cruitmenUplac;;ement.agenc,y, for. "any and pll .3: tt.has-exlsttnq-Iebofand, social'.!:,aws protecting· claims under Section 1 O shall be· joint' arid . the rights· of migrant-workers. . . ·. several. . . . .. . . . • · 4 .. The receivinq, country· should take pasttlve, . 2. This provision sh~II: be. Incorporated .in .th~. · . · . concrete ME;?a_sures to ..:protect. the rights of contra~t_-for.overseas employment and shau be , migrant. workers in furtherance of any of me'.. ?r · a condition precedentfor its approval. · · guar~ntee~ ..under subparaqraphs (a), (b), 3. · If t~e recruitmenUpl~ce~ent ag~nc~ is a jL,Jridical (c) hereof (R.A. Noe-. 8042 as amended, $e,el;1i::'·' · ·,., '.~ beu:ig, the. _corporate.~fficers,. and directors, and . ··... · . _ , -- . , .'· \,j f· -~. ~-,1:t par.thers;.asthe case may be, shall themselves .. In the·.abseFice of a clear...sliowing that ·any of;,t1:1¢J1·Mt;,T·"7.:;,Qe.;,jQiHtJ~ and solidarily liabl~ with . the afor':me.nt16nea ~uar-:1rltees exists in the ,pg.i:rA~ry 01d --·-eo~pqr~~?-{l oi..:partnership f~r Jh~. atoresaid dest1nat1on .oard·wtr~ .1,,,J · amehqment ~~modification mad!:! locally -or_.fn a · actua\ly. voted, in. favor of··i;1~[I)ir~..%;;alJf?_~ing~tf.i~.,. . ;,~ . f~q;i!':Jn;):~byJ:itci.::y.t.the· .~ald .. ~ontract (DUKA; d~ploy~ent of migrant worker~ with~_u(.~~y ofJ~ff: .. ,•11 -sup.,,;f;at1!S)t;> · . , · : · -~ . afor~mentioned . 'guarantee!;, .'s_~aJJ.::;S,1:.1, ~r j1' · • . . ·. ·.. . .. . . · • . . P~l)alti"e.~ :of ·remov,jtl _oc dismi.ssal ttqr.'rr:·servJ?~.with •· ·Su~bi_lity of Fo_r~ign.Corporatioris . . . · , disq~alifi~~:ltion t~.tt.old_-1ar1y~ppoi,:itiveff.1,J_!?Rg,offic~ Jl;~~t?f':'r_?JQn·c?rporation _th~t, th~ough unlice~_sed tor. 5 ye~rs·(R.A. No. 8042·as amentJe~,;/lec.' 4);,,-,~.ui;~'.'.._,,_~gc!nls.,_!~,!lUlts workers in·. the ~ountry !Tlay be sued · · . ·· • · •• _ • ~; >1 · 1;;,, r · .. in and. .fqun!,1. lia!:>le f?Y. Pl:iilippine ·courts (Facilities Th13. · State . ~~all a_lso al!ow · the ·.deRJ~,Y.~('V of · Management Corp,· v: l)e La Rqsa; G.R. No.: L. .Overseas F1hpmo.Work~rs·to: _: .· '\{.'.'._';,~·· · ·· . 38649, Maret:, 26, 1979). ·:, ·· :· 1·. · Vessels' ·.navigating th~. for:eigq seas _,pr to · · · , j,:istallij1iohs !orated. offshore or on high seas ARtiCL~ ·3a; ILL~GVAL,.. RE;CR.UIT,MEN.T. , , . · .. '. . who~e O"'(ners/eniplayer:s ar~. ·con:,pliant' with · · · 1.·, .Any act i:>f (C:ET~HUP)°.!;anVp~sln!;J, ~nJistlng, ··:·.inter.national laws and-standards ·ihat protect the · '!ri;ins_port_ing, _gontracting,: !!iring/- yti_lizing, · or · · .. : r.ights or'migr.ant,wotk~rsi 9ncJ .. ,. . . · .. . ~roct,1rin_g_,.. w9rkers: _
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Note:' T~.e law empowers the POEA to appr~ve and yerify a contract under Art. _34(i) to insure that ·: the employee . shall not be placed in · disadvantageous positions and.thatthe contract contains the ···minimum·· standards of . such -employrnent contract . set by .. · .the . POEA. Neite: Under R.A. No. 8042.- as amended by. RA However.' wh'ere supplementary contract was. Nq: 10022, license or authority. of the illegal recruiter· . . . ·entered into · affordi.ng greajer · benefits to the is immaterial (1 CHAN, p, ts). ·· · employee:than the previous one and althouqh . .~ . . .· . the ·same w~s. not submitted for approval of · Prohi!)it:ed Practloes for by.ei-seas Employm_ent P.OEA,. -the same · is 'valid. and enforceable The foll.owing acts are· prohibited under Art -, 34 of the · . (Se;'JguU Marmme.Cqrp. v. Balatongan, G.R. No. r Labor code and considered .as ·uiegal rscruttment 8~2~52, February28, 19~9).· · . · · · under. Section 6 of RA. No .. 804?. as amended by t3 . .To ·.fai_l · to .file .. .reports· on .the, status . of RA. No -. 10022, making· it unlawful forany.indlvldual, employment, :_. placemerit etc. and such other- . entity or holder ofauthority:_JIF-FbUND-WITJ-f~AFP) . · · -in~Uer.s a~ may be required l:)y. the. Secretary of . . . . . :· . · .· . . .. Labor · (fallure. to cornpty · with rules and 1. -To charge gr~atec:- amountthan that specified in . requlatlons); .and · ··· · _the sch~dule of allowa?le fees _(!l.te9al·exa~~Q1.i~-"'"".1~0.i~duc~o~ attempt to induce a worker toquit 2. · To f~rn1sh ar,y_Jalse 1nf<;>rmat1on· !n -~~~·~~~No.t~}~ilbs ...,i;a;-.6·;~~p 7 are not found in Art. 34. but 4. ·To obstruct or att~,:nptto ~~!t1.:1~1tl.ifsp(ction~,Xi "jf=: .,!?,91Y 111~e~1-,_~'~tf\No: 8042 as amendeo-ey R.A. the ·. Labor Secretary ,f.or""'-~,s·· atf.lthorizeh .#.i~- L~p.·100i2, ""' V \. · . . representatives (Qbstn,1q,fjnspe9nori}; :·'f.\ r i · · · 5: Fai_lure te> deploy. a cont_iia§J»~· ;fork.~r~iffiou'~~t '. -O~er-P 1 _undergo , . .!:!eal!h,
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. _a__ ~01!rth~ird t~r::i1i~~~u~ents· f:~~~Ynlant 1Y1P\1\~~1r~~~~;~~~sii~~;~~f.~~~~~~1 ire;;r~~~s~ . . . _w9r_k~rs. befo_re departure for. , unauthol'i~.-.r.,n%=,~Xce~\in. the case e>f _a s.eafarerwhose tytedical . · .. ·· IT)O~efary considerations.·: ·~it)Jh:ofding t[aver . . . ~~am,1nat10~· ·COSt:. IS . ;,ho.ul9ered ._,by. .the · .documents);. . . . .. · · ' .·. · · .. · pnnc1pal/sb1powne_r; .·· . .. . . . ; 9; . To ·infh.ience·<>r-atten;ipf.to-inflt1en_ce·_any.:pe:rsqn·. 3- !!efusing·: to· co~doqe · o"~. r?n~gotiat~: a· 1oan qr entity nbf:to employ _any v.,_orker who_ ha;~-not :mcu~~d by an oversea-s.F,hRtno.w_ork~r.after t~e applied for:.employmenf through -bis agency , _tatters· ~mploy~ent . ~ontr~ot· h,a_s. ~ee~. (!nflu.eilcing not to employ); . · · ... · . · .. · · .. ,· . · _prem,.aturelytermll'Jated\hrougt\ no fault of his or · · : 1Ct·'T6'become-'an· officei'o'r m·emberofthe Board oL . · · Mer.own; . '... . . · ... . . · . ·. ·· : '.~my·_corporatio[i.e,ngage·d,-iri thefnanagetnentof. 4:.· Fo,r.. ~ recr~itme~Vman-ning -agency.o_r a foreign , . · ii" trav~I - agency ,(Iraye! ·ag~ncy./ office.rs.· -: .p~1.n~1paJ/employer_-to .. f.as_s: <>,0-:-:t_he.ov_erseas .recruiting); : , _ .. . .· F1hpino. worker:or;d~uct. from: tus other salc1ry . . 11. Ta· ·engage in .the recruitment or placement of : the payment· of· 'the. cost· ·ot insurance·· fees,· jops harmful to ~ubljc i,~alth_,. morali~yor· to tha _pren:iium or ott,~r insurance -~~lated_'che:1_rges_. as .. dignity9f-the P,hilippines·-(!!anrifuljobs};: . · · provided· .under . the compulso_ry worker·~ 12_. Tq subStit1Jte .6r .. alter--employmenf contracts msUr9~ce_coverage;::. . . . . . . . without the approval of ·the Secretary of labor · 5: .. : lmJ:)Ol:lm~ a· .. compulsory and . exclusive · (Alteratipn of contracts)" · · Arrangement whereby al"} overseas :f:ilipino .. .. ' work~~:is requir_e_d. to avaif of·a_'[Qari qrily from . '· spec1f1caJly· designated· .ln.stitutlons,· entities or persons; · ·.
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6. :For a §.µspended· recruit_ment/manning ager.icy· to engage in any kind of recruitment activity · including· the processing of pending workers' . app[ications; and . 7. ·.·Imposing. 'a · 'compulsory and · exclusive . . . arrangement whereb¥. .aA. 'overseas . Fjlipf~o .· worker is required to LindergoJ'.raining, seminar,. Jnstructlon or schoollnq: of ariy kind. only from specifically desiqnated Institutions, entities or persons,..except ·f~J recornrnendatory trainings . mandated by pnnclpals/shlpowners where the, iatter: shoulder the·cos"t· of sueri (ralnings · (R.A . · . No. 8042 as amended; Sec. 2). . . .: · . .·
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2. 'Licensed recruiter or Holder of authority the offender cornrrrltsany of.the 14 ~ro'ngfulaots enumerated in Sec; ·6-. of R.A. No. 8042 <:IS amended by R.A. No. 10022 (Sto. Tomas Ii. . ..Salac, .GR.. No.. 152642,_Novemb·~r13, 2012).. Kinds.of II.legal Recruitment 1. Simple· . Illegal Recruitment Illegal recruitment committed by . ariy · person · who' is neither a licenseenor a hotderof authority: :- . 2. Eco_nomic' . Sabqtage/QU~Ufled · . · Illegal Recrultment
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Illegal'. Recruitment . ...:: 'Illegal ,. . · recruitment : by 1 · person or wi.th another " Note': The acts' considered as ill.eg~l ~ecn.iitm~·nt.are person aqalnst · 3 or more. .persons' different from the' ·seven (7.)' _prohl~ited activlties : . tndividuaily.or as a group; .. added in Sec. 6 of R.A; No. 8042 as amended. by b .. Illegal ~ecr:uitment · by· a Syndicate ·- · R.A..No."1002·2. · · · ·.. .', .... ·. · .... · : .· ·:_ ... 11.legal.recrujtrnent·committed,by·asyndicate ,· The per.sons 'criminally liable-for the above offenses or -,a ·group of 3 or more.persons conspiring ' are lh.e principals, accomplices and-accessones.vtn /~. arid confederating with onevarrother in- ..... case of· juric!ica.1 persons, 'the officers·· hav!~J(.;'/lf. . carrying out the act circumscribed bythe law ownership, control, manaqernentor direction of tj,ejr//'i\ commits the fourth type of illeqal'recruitrnent -,:_-. business who are responsible for-_th_e tqriimissiqA/9p.t:•11~~{.. · · by. the law (People v, Sadiosa, G:R. No. ':. · _the·offense and !he responsib.l?·emplo~ees/ag~Jl,sr;;,::;?_,,,1i':':- . 1a~q~4, May·15, 199~)-. · . ·. · · ~i . ·. thereof ,shall be hab!_e (R.A.' Np: 8042-.as ·am,_f!.l!.O.e(!/;,'.?•flH!-~'1·_,}~~7F:;;'-,t~J,; · ·. · . .· . : ·,·.. Sec. 6): . · · · . · · .. · ,.-,,-;:;/ ·: . ~f Elements:of,~.1mple:Illegal Recruitment . · · .. . · · . . · · · y:.,J,:-:~· . dJ....;U· · 1. Tf:ie offii!_·'~~r has n.o valid· lfcens·e· or authori(y i· · ii"! ihe. filing -of cases for illegal re_cruitr;p~JJ~toran.y. r~qujr~. ~Yi~w !o lawfuUy engage. in rE;Jcn.iitment . thep"rohibitedacts.underthissectior'i(JheJS~c~tary -'} · andpj c~meJ;1tofworkers;and.·· ·. · . · ,: o{ ·La~r a~d .Empio~'ent;'the~¢1€A f,t~Mrstratqr.· 'i) 2.. The _pfferi~er"~nd~rtakes_ any acti~ity within_ the . or t~e1r. dtil_Y pUtho~ize~: !-~Prf?~ntati~~~,/or., ~nr !ii\ .~~~i'l~g)E:re·ir~!tme11t a_~d_plaC~f!!en~··def1~ed. 1:1~.g~eve9· ~erso~ may 11:11tia~(~h~6$~,P.y R;A. N6. 6 of RA No. 8042, as'.amended by R.A. No.. · .. 1 OQ~; w.~eneve~ :cJpplicable; . . · .· . 10022· The acti;; are·.~~mitfed .by_" at.least ·3 person~. c. · f,ny.of the ·1-4· ~cts. enurry~rat~-9. in Sec. 6. of conspiring, -and/or· t:_onfederating · wi.th one R.A .. No. 804=?', : as· amended by R.k No. another; and · .· . · · . · · · ·. 10022... . . . . . . . . Thei offenders are not licensed or.authorizetl. to · do so (/RR of R.A. ·No. Bd42·as amended, Rule
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SAN Bf.DA,, I.AW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS.· -· MEMORY AID . 2019
Note: lllega_l' recruitment when . committed by a syndicate, or in. large scale sh~II .be considered an offense:involving economic.s.abotage (1 AZU.CENA, supra at 111).
Note; Conviction urider the· Labor Code for illegal · recruitment does not preclude punlshrnent under fhe . Revised ·Penal Code forthe crime of estafa (People .v. Fernandez, G.R No.. 199211,'J.ime 4;2014), in
other words, a person. · may · be charged· and convicted for both illegal._recn.l!tment and 'estafa. Note: Illegal recruitment tn larqe-scale and. ·illegal recruitment by a· syndicate are · separate· -or independent categories~·:.They need not coinclde . Act·cons.tituting Estafa . ··within the.same case.'Where only one.complainant The . accused. represented · themselves to ·. filed .indiyidual' complaints, there is no illegal cornplainants jo have. the capacity to send workers . recrultment.iln · large'.', scale; .. but. the· three (3) abroad, although they didnothave any authority or . conspiring recruiters can 'be held guilty :of illegal license. It is by this representation that they induced . recruitment· by a syndicate :(Pepple:v. Hernandez, complainants to . pay · a placement' fee.' Suen act G.RNos.:141221~36;-March 7, 2~02).'. .constitutes est;Jfa 'under Art. ~15(2) of the RPC· . . . (Pef.?ple v. Hemenaez, G:R:·No.-· 199211, 'JufJe 4, PrinciP.1.e~: on ·. Illegal :· Rec~ltr:nent. Involving 2014). . · · ' Ecohotnic Sabotage .. . · . . 1 ... Both. iJl.egalrecruitmentin larg'e scate.andilleqal. . 'Note: The offended party must have .relied on the . .recrultment- by syndicate are ma/um prohibitu~=,,,...J.alfiepretense, fraudulent act orfraudulent means of (Pt:JOple "·. Chua, (3.R. No. 1_8,70;,2; ~l~_nfl:;erTf 1 1~"1l. Gl.l~~d!. . and as a result ther.eof,: the offended · 13, 2012). , .·· .: . . _... . /..' •. ~ ·'U. jp~,rftyful<1:r:.~.damages (1 ·AZUCENA, supre .at 2. · T~e number of v1ct11~srs dete}IJ!l•~tive · cnme for larqe-scale 1lleg_al r~~1:11trriep~tiflure . . ~!J .;;/),'\._ . · to prove.that at least three (~fperc~~r'~i;.wited"""''¥~ReleyJ!iY~"P~~i~.1_es. on ·.Illegal' Recruitment and. •· rnakas the crime a ·caserot~ JiA1p1rmegRJ.i "~{ ~;,tara:\ ·~ ~ J \ . ~ :· . · · . recruitment: There is no.fi1fe1ialieerutlment .iYl i,:JJ\ .th.\ ·Samlf eVfEle/'i'cetd~prbve illegal recruitment may large scale base?· on Se"5~fal inf#rnatio~..~~~. ~ , . h:~~ie~.to~~f~)e~taf~; . . . '-only:one complainant; · Q ';/'jf. _ "2,:-9o_n11et1or:i\~{?!.J?e\h·· 1ll~gal . recruitment : an~ 3. n~m.ber.ofoffe~de~~•sieffol~mativ~oflhe? ~.@;rest~fa.,not.doUble]1~oparqy.(1.Cf!~N,p:.8). ~rune of Illegal recru,tm(lnt byt~yn!=l.•ca~l(Pe.~p/~m."'JT ,. ~ . . '# ..,. . . ~ . v:•. Hu, G.R_ Ne. 182232}J6c}q!Jt;tr ~ve_'i!i:/6!.:,9nm,mal :A!tion·· Arrsmg from Illegal
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Consequences of.Convict19..nf(~FC),.· ~:'.\:~\"',.· J'P,fainaj{t m~,11:ii his option, file ati~·e RT¢ 1. Automatic ,Bevocafon of tee lice~e or fi~~i! "~~ . ~:3'vinc~or cityf..: . · . .. . · . · · · (LABOR.COD~, Art.- $~(e)J;. . ..'- · '-./~?._ / 1 flere :tf.te offe11~e was-cqmm1tted; c;,r . 2. · .Eorfeiture ofth~ cash'and s~raty bonh~.(LA@§><:>ii-,'t..i"1:"·P,,.·,h~E(the:offfifdedp;:irty reside~ afthe time'of ·COD~,.Art.-'39(e));..and. . '\ . .r.:,~-Ltl..'L!;.:· tbe lder of'1!_is limited' fi~ope, · : It ·Wider.·in' scope .and . . authority.(R.A No..1Jo12, s.e1·· 7).,. CQV~f~ .d~ce,ts whether .· :related oi: .not·reJated. to · 'recruitment,a.divitie~.. '
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··(CHAN,· The Labor Cop~. of" the Philippines· 'A,nnotµted Vol,1, 20Q9.; p'. 258) [hereinafter,1 QHAN, The LaborCocie]. · · ' ·
18 I 2019 SAN BEDALAW CENTRALIZED'BAR OPERATIONS ·
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LABO.R StA.NOARD-S . SAN 'SEDA I.AW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIO~S'- _MEMOR,YAl!) :zo19
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Absence of Receipts Eviqencing Payment, N.~t / Fatal . to· Prosecution's Case for I_Uegal '.. · . Recruitmeot .;_:_· As long· as the witnesses. can positively show if:.: throuqh. their . respective testimonies. that the ~' . accused is . the one . involved in- prohibited ';.f· . recruitment, he may be convicted of .the offense despite the absence of "receipts {People v: Sagaydo, i·. GR Nos 124671~75 Septemaer 29·· 2.000)
th~m .of the ag~n~y·s requirement of p~yment of performc;1nce .' or ·.cash bond ·. prior to "the 31pplicant's deployment, As- the_· crewii:ig manager., . he · ·was ·. at the .forefront of the comp·~:ny's recruitment activities (1 CHAN, p: 8).
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· issuance of s"earch·~arrant or W;r~a~t of Arrest : Under. the . Co_nstitution,. · only · a Judge · may issue search and.arrest·warrants-(CONST., Article Ill, Sec.
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· · .· Commissioner of l.mrrii"fi.«Jtiorf may order. arrested,
foll6win9 a final order of deportation •. · · . . "Note: The,~bligati~nscovenanted jn the. r~~ruitment' · · . Ar:t. 38(c'). oi ~h~- ~~bor. c·o~e is unconstltutional ,:. ~, aqreement between: the Iocat aqent and its. fore(~n . inasmuch'. as · it gives the · Secretary of Labor the ~.: ';', prlnclpal are not-coterminous with-the. term of such · ._ power to issue search or arrest warrants, The ·1atter F.";· . aqreernent- so that .if· either-or bottrot tt,ie parties.,,.,,.') not _beirig a judg~•. the authorities :must go through (. _; decict~ to ?ri<1 the agreement, the respo_iisibilitie_~~(/!:r. theju~\cial process (Sala'zar vrActiecoso, G.R.· No, (:.· . such·. parties towards· the contracted _e_mplo~e~~/.(,:·~·~131510, _March _14; 1990). . · '. uno_ertheag_reementdon?tat.allend_,.b~t.tres~i;n.~.;~;,_,;1J .' ·.· .." .. .. · ·. . . . .. :. · oxtends l:ll? to and until the expiration of ·;th~~:'·'·\'mi...,1!'1.t?fe-:35:,A~uspens1onand/or: Cancellation .of ' . employm.ent contract~ of the ~mplorees- re9;ryfite!f!.Qyrt'!.µ_~~~f~:P.!?r:·it uthority ... (Refer. to the· pre_iliou~ '>. . an,d._-employ~p pu~suant · to Ute .said _.,r,e5-'._6.11t!'llent . l'I . :d1sr;:.uss1on--o_, · Suspension_. ?Jndlor Cance/~at1~n .. ot "· . agr~eme'!t.Otheiw1se;_this will rende(?1:ig~~o!Yth~/r-d,', License or orfty). · .· . · · · · :. · r.. v .• vety ·purpo.se . for. wh1c~ the- }a~ . ~l?~~r~1~g - t~/· jf tj \ . .. . .. . . ~:·· I ery,ployment of worke~ for fore1_gp,J9)'i~~ayt~fO'WaS·. · A_RTtCI:,-~}.~ R~G-~LA_TO~Y POWER .· , ·.. ~ .. er:ia9ieq ·(ATC! Overseas Corp,,.-:t?,·lEch1n;QJ~i·R?-NC&,:__ J:he-·Seqceta,f _bt~La~or .shall have t~a. pow.er to 1:,;r. ·178551; Oc_tof?er_-11, ?Q10). f C...:,,. ~~ _- · . "'· res~ct i=11,_d ~~0~~!~e re_c~itment a~d p!aceme~~ !t. · ." · , . V.:.)../ ·o:.::::~-;v~ ~- . f". act1vfff~9.Jf~~!!P!@"p'~1esw1tbm the_ -cover_ag·eof.this. ExceptiQn _to Uability of R.ecril(!n:ie(-)t~g.ericy~~'.}· Title· arf'.cH~h.tlet>/authorizedto jssue orders .and · ~h.er_e. 'the: ..yorkers· them_:;;el~s~~1laj,~~d;'lort'1,_t3... ·pr'?m~~~ate _rul?s. a.nd· r-e~ulation~.t? e:~rry,~ut ~h·e .. i(· recru_1tment. a!i!e~cy_ to se_.n~_:t_!,em,\ 9,ack )t~ th?1~· . ~t•\'.• ,.:9~Jqctives a,:id 1mpl~!'ll~nt_,the prov1~1on.s of_ this i:1t1e ~--. forei~n employer .~f!!Spite their· ·kno11e~:g:efof__ 1~~---/'._.,,,:1;J~'f.!!!.fl~.,.9Q(_)E,.as amend~'! by P.D. No. .{3_50,_-Art. ~y:· 1_nab1htY. t~ pay their -wages;- the ._Court,-~solvE;.d,.tt(e-..~•··tY'.l!.-~~).-----=f~, . .. ftf. · 9gency fro_rp liability_ (Feaf]fe· ConstruO,~l_f'i!_. C_t!Jr,:i{v. . ~. .. ·. · .. : . . . ., . . t;;_ · · Dotado,. ~-~· ly_o. 8_6042, April 30,_ 1Q~f}:}f~'). · ARHCL.E 3·7'; ),'!Sf~ORl~_PO~ER , ._- .. , _.. · ·. ·. ', · . , . . . · . :-- · Th_e.·-s.ecretary ·of."_:tabor. or ·IJ1s. duly ·authoriz.ed'Liability···of -Etnployee···of- Company· Engag'ed. in r~prMentati'iie$ may, . at-'· ahy .. tim~ •... i"i)spect . the- .. .. lhegal Rec'niitnien~ . . . ·. .. .: ·.. . . .· ·. ' . pr.e!'llises,' b6b~S. g.f. a~counts f10d re_CQrds:. of arJy .. , · An.erriployee of a co.mpany or corporatitm·engaged pers_ol') ·or entfty cover~ !:>y·this .Title, -require)t. to_·· . . in . ilreg'c\l. recruitment. may' be held. as principal, ·. ~ubmit repo'r:ts re_guJarly on pres_cr.ibed forms. ind.to · togi=ither. with'· h·is . emplo.yei', if if is.: ~howr:i that he ·ac;:t Ori vioT~tions :9( ar:iy p"rovislons -ot. lhis Tille. ~ctiv~~y··. an~'- t.onsc!ously ·par!idpa~ed ·_h illegql . ·(LABOR _CODE,·Arf.. 3.7);'.. '... ·. :··. · : .' .. : recru_itr;:ient .(People · Ii. . Valencianp; G:R. . No. · · · · - ·. it'l; . 1$0926,'Qecember 1.0, 2.008)'. v. . • • Articl~. 3tt:· Re~ruitment. YRefe.i .the"
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. disi:;·ussion. on II/Mal Recruitment).·
Rele,/ailtP.rirfci~les IIIegal Re~rultrrlent .... 1 .. · Employee·s· of a ··licensed ·'recruitment agency n:-.ay.." be .. held' li~blEi"'for. illegal .recru]trhent as. _· · · priricip'al py·airect participi:ition, togeth.erwith his.. · em,ptoyer.,.".if. i~ is -sh_pwn ·that_ h~· actively ·and,'· consciously partltip!=lted In ill_egal recruitment. 2: . Good faith and merely following ~rders ,of -' . superio,rs arl3·riot"v'aJid def~r.i~es o~ ~n em.plbYE:~-3. ,A manager of a r~cruitmei:itlm.ar:mmg agenqy.1s n.ot a nie(i,j employee. A.f, s;uch, he receh,:esjo~ _appiica~ions,- interviews applic~nt$ and informs
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. ARTICLE 39: ·PENAL TIES . . ·Sec:) ·of. R.A.". No·.· 80.42, -as ameni;l¢ by R.A: -No. 1.0022: pro:.iides · for . the penalties qn · fl legal rec~1.tment. · .· . · · 1, · Any·- perspn found guilty -of Illegal .recruitment· .. shall suffer. the ·penalty of impris-6111')'.lent of not . less th~n 12 year~ ancL:r ·d.ay but not more t1:ian · 29 years · and a ··fine ·. ot i:iot . less· tha~ PJ ,QOO,OQ():00 .nor more.than P2,000,00~.oo.
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2019 SAN SEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BA~ OPE~ TIOf\!S I 19 ··
LAB:OR ST AN DAROS
SAN.8£DA !,AW C/NTRAtltED BAR OPERATIONS -r MEMO!?Y A/{] 2019·
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2. Th~ penalty of life imprisonment and.a fine of not less · than P2,000,000.00 nor. more than · P5,00Q,OOO.OO shall 'be imposed. if illegal . recruitme'nt .constitutes economic sabotage as. defined. therein.· ·· ·· · · ··
Any person found guilty ot'~ny.ofthe Jrohibited .. acts shall suffer. the penalty of· imprisonment. of not' Jess·than .6 years and 1 ··day but 'not more than .12 years · and a· fine of not' ·iess than P500,0.00.00 nor more than .P.1,Q~O,Q00.00. · .: ... . . Penaltles. f9r l!)eg~I Re'cr~it111e11t. . . .. :
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Prescription The prescriptive period of illegal recruitment cases is . · five (5) ·years .except illegal recruitment involving economic sabotage. which prescribes in 20 years (R.A. No. 8042, Sec .. 1.2;. . . · . One Country-Team Approach provides _that all·· offloers, representatives and personnel. of the Phillppine go\lemment posted abroad regardless of their mother.agencies shall; on. a pet country basis, act -as one country-team wltha mlsslonunder-tha -leadershlp .of the. ambassador.· The ambassador. may recornrnendto the Secretary of DFA the recall . of officers, representatives arid personnel of. 'the Philippine. government· posted abroad. for acts .. inirnicat to the national interest' such . as, but not limited to, failure· to provide the necessary services .: to protect-the right~,of overseas. Filipinos (R.A. No:
.Provided, however, that the maximum 'penalty. sh.all ~e 'impo.se.d if ~he person ·migal,ly recruited is less than .18 years of age or .committecfby.a non~licensee or non-bolder ·of. ~uth0rity. 3.
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·~eJ)'atr:t~.ton . . :\ . · ·G~per,ar:R~e:.Repatriatlon of the work.er.and the =~-""'.ir~%P'ort{of)'ll~,;~~rs.onal. belongings shall be _the pnmazy_r;espop~~~tlltyof the agency,-whic~ recruited · 0' ,~~ff;,-· · ;......;-· . -=;;;""'-"'-Of4~.~109~~(f,.ew~~~er overseas.. The repatrlation of r;y;nairi\an"q,".f(.~~ott of the personal oelonging~ of 11' ' ""'- . ,'7 . x · · !Ti · :t'~: Xdeceaiedw.b,:lfo'r'aod all costs attendant thereto ... Life . . . . P:2(()00,0©0.()0 :·. r . shall _be born·~~'eY.;f1h'~principal and/or the local lmprisoi:imefiit?": of . ·i: .: . ~,-. ' '7"~eri·cy-il RR OT{ ~~Bp42.a.s emended; Rule XIII, . • · W~ o~ 000·0 o.o'O;c\ta' -~ c;:-SlfJ;.;111)."'. ; • . I\ . . . . -. 'i~
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· · · _,.. -· · • .,, 'T"ll.?;Excepti~s· : 1N · . ·9 'years. .an'!J. :1 ,f!§Oo'.w... ·.O~·t0r~ ~: -)3"--C~~-ltfJ~~intJriw>''i,lftemplbymen~ is due solely to da.y tq, 12 ye~r@"J .13.\00°>~ (QO. ,.. ~. ·!t.l#-<\}fft~f/ie wq~fer, U,1e principal or agency is. . _. .- . \\: . ~ .(.~ '· iDi ~'l~siiU9'ndefj19bliga!J~n to · ad'{ance · the costs ·of (R.A., No. 804~ as amend~d, ~c 7.). '\:, · ·,. ...~"t~t:itriat~n. . T~_is · is without prejudice. for _. · : .· ·. . . · "\ · · .'\'\:'- , ., & .,, ~ P:/ljC9VJl,Y workef sh~ul<:I it b~i:'fo,ur:id ·later. . .Summary.. of·Rules on..Prescribtive ~evo.tt)in,~1~~i!t:fh~~rmw·atrqn was .due solely .to the fault of · · '· Penalt , . ~,.,,...,..~~~f~."X,.oris,~r (Omnibu~, Ryles, & _ Regulations .· i R!er!JJiiffmgR.A. No. 8042, as_ amended by._ . .J.V.!L.A.· ,.J?,!,fl'lf'Jo. 10022, Rule XIII, Sec. -2), and. .,.,.,;__:..,.,,_Q,F""'JO.CaSeS Of lf,/ar, epi,demic, disaSt!:}F Or. Calamities,. ,,, .· natural ·or,-tnan-inade, an.ct other similar eve.nts, · and. where the· principal or ..r~c::r1:1itrnen.t l;l,9.ency. ·can·not. be . 'identified;. 'the.. Oi.(erseas Wo'rke.rs W.elfar'eAdministration(OWWA),.incoordfnation . with appropdate. international. :agencies, s~ail. ·· .'ta.Ke charge of .th.~. r.ep~tria~ion.'(R..A. :No: /3042, ··
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adclition .to the penalfie's: h.erein . · prescribed; .. qe depb.rt~d · .'' withoutfurth~r proceedings. .:: · hf every <;:ase, convicticm shall '·cause and carry .~he · . automatic revocation of the ,license or registration .of th!;! '. reci'ui.tment/m.anriing . ag~ncy; .· ·lending institutions,. trail")fng schoo! qr -me(:lical clinic (R.A.
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No. 804~, a.s amended,
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20 I 2()19 SAN BEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS
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Manda~oryRepatria!ion .-of . µnde~aQ.e. M i,ghmt . Wor):(ers·. · . · · _. · : . . .·.,.. . . · . Upon· discovery o.r being infqcmed.oftne·presenc.e of. ·11119,rarit w~rke'r$whose ages f~tl l?elowthe rninimun::i · age... requirElment . for. ·9versei3s· deployment',. the. responsiple . offic;ers in the for~ign .service· shall Without delay· repatriate Said Workers arid 'advise the · D\;lpattment ,of·. Foreign .. Affairs. thr.ough tt)e. fastest· - m~aris .. ·.of . ·cwnmunisation . available of . ~uch . discover.y:.and o~her relevant· information· (IRR· of RrA.,8042 as· amended:.Rule XIII; Sec. ·1).. . , ·
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In such case, therecruitrnent/manning agency which recrulted .or deployed anunderaqe migrant worker· W shall: · rfr:\ ·1. · Payor reimburse. costs of repatriation; (f. · 2: Suffer cancellation of license; · · 3.' Pay a fine of not less .than'P500,000:00 but not {. . · more than P1 ,000;000.00;· .. · . ~~.. · , 4. Refund· all fees pertinent. to· the processlnq of. .papers or.' .documents in .the .recruttment or ~\ . . deployment; and . . ,,.. 5. Indemnify the .underaqe migrant worker or his· parents guardian the damages.sustained by ·the underage -rnlqrant worker. (Omnibus {· · 'Rul~s ·.& Regul.ations :Implementing. R.A. No. r. 8042, as amended by R:A. l'jo. :10022; Rule XIII;
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.the family member .or requested indiviql!al· to meet all visa and travel document requirements; 7. ·Medical evacuation ~ Wheh "an .adequate ..medica!'facility i$. not 'avallable.proxfmate to the migrant worker, as determined by the insurance . <;'.:°ompany's: -physlcian arid/or··. a 'consulting physician,.. v, evacuation ·. 'under · .. appropriate. medical supervision ·~Y.. the mode of transport. necessary shall be undertaken py..tl:le insurance ·p,rovider; and . 8. Medical.._ repatrlatlon - ·: When medically, necessary as determined 'by· the · altending · . physicia.ri, · repatriation ,Urider·. medical . supervlslon to the 'migrant :worker's resldence. shall be untle~~keh·by thelnsurance provider at such time that the r'nigra·gt worker is medlcally . cleared ,for travel by .comrnerclal carrier. If the: Note::·The returid shall be paid,witl:iin.·30' days from period to' receive' medlcat clearance to travel .• the .date of tJ)e mandatory repatrtatlon as· provided exceeds 14 days from ..the.date of discharge from for In. this Act·(R.A. No:'8042,·as emended, Sec. 16). ,....~ · the hospital, an alterhatlve appropriate mode of . · · . . · . ;1A".'/".'.'.( . · transportation, such as air· amoutance, rriay be Nation~! : ·.Rein.tegratiop ·.center for Ove.rs,eas// ·)i. arraniJed: Medlcal and· non-medical escortsmay · Fjlip'ino ~orkers (NRCO). .. .· · , . : . · . b.e'provided when necessary (R.A. No. 8042, ;,1s.· . A_ ~~CO is. hereby created in t~e DOLE for ret~l'l:;~11,9,·:· · ·· .. --~._,,,a'!7_endf?cf;,,Sec. 3.7-A) .. ·- : ·v . . . F1hpino. migrant wo.r~ers· which · shall: pro~9,e "'i' ,!;'..'···: ~.~;~;:--;,'.,l~ ..~~ · · .· · · . .mec~anism f~,r their reintegration int<:> t~~~Pt,ilfppine l'·l ARTIC~"-:'1~.7: PHILIPPINE: .. ··ov~~SEAS · society,·,S$FVe as a.prombtioh·;.house4~F''l~eir loc~t!:t...J! ' EIIIJP.LOY~~NiADMINl'STRATl<;)N '(POEA) . emplqym.en~. and· tap their skills and)p~,t~'pti~I~f9P'-T~ . Th.e: P0!=1f' ~a~'. ta~en over t119 !~nction$ of the national dev.e.Jopment (R.A: No'.. BOj:$)as.'l!Pf'f.ide.d, Qverseaslr-rwiotmentDe~E;)l9pment Board.. (OEDB) Sec. 17}.'" . : ·. · ·.;.,::y~<.· .:'1/<.,:'!'?:?· c.,,.., 1,J .ana Nati9nal)Sea«1en Board (NSB).(E.O. No.197, · · 'J, . ,·, . ·. .·:. . · • c . ;.;,t:.~ c;,, · ~· . ~.. I~-·l..f Sec. ,._, 1):l_ · !] ~ · . . '· . .· ,;·. 'J. · ;.,~.t.~ __,._.,.._,r•·-•..._)\_._., . .. C ~mpu Sary: nsur~nce ._9V:irag~-;:::.rQr,:/)'gerr.~:. 1:··, ... ·~j···•: .. !!·i·•\;so·>y··· : . . Htred,Wor~ers. ·· . _. . ~'."q.: · /;.,, .... ~, ~\),, I_) Prmc1pal!.~t:1ct1':lns:.(FPD) . . ... · . Each .. · migrant .. wor~er : depT,qy~~~y .,.a .. f 1 .. formula_tion, 1m~lemer.itati9~::and morntonng:°f Jecru1tmenUr:nannm~ agency.shal!, 'fu.e ,covete\'.I by a , {,.......,.,.=overseasemploymentof F1hpmo. worker.s; 1, cornpulsoi:y insurance policy.Whic.h sh~lt:t?µecured ,,, . -1"4.~~,1Rrf}t~~tlon of their rigbti;; 'to fair and equitable at no. c:;o~~·to·the sai~ work~r... lt shall b"~letfe.ctixitJo~.f!.u~~:..........empl0yment pr~ctice~: ~nc:f . .. · .. th.e:durat1on;ot~h!:!.r:n1gr~m~."t'.orker's em'P.~~n:r~ryt'i3nd 3 .. Qeployment,. , of. F1hp1n'?. : ·~orl<_ers. thr<:)Ugl:1.. shall coyer, af.tQe-minimum: (CARDMS~~Meoh ·. ·governmenJ-to~govemment.hirin.~:i'(1-AZUC~NA;' 1:·.: )?!~cide.rita1·death .s.urvivor!s,·beoefit1"payable· sup1ct at 58). ·· · : · · .... · : ·• . ··tp the migt,ant-.wqr~er's. benefi~iaries; . . · ' · 2. Perman~nt total.Qisabilify. bene:fit payable tq· ·Reg·ut~tory F·unctions . 1he migrant worker; · . ' · : . .- · . T.he POE~ sht:1!1:. . . . . . . . , 3. Repatrlati.on·.cost"of:the',·w~rker· wh~n .his 1. ·.·In t!'le reGrui.tment ~nd plac'e1Tient of workers.to .·\:en'lpl6yment is terminated without' any. valid ~ervice· the req1.1irements, for.· trained 'and . cause,. incJvdi.rig. the transport of his personal cor.npetenk Filipino wbrke~S. of .. foreign· . bel<;mgings. 'In. e.ase 'of death, repatriation cost ·governments and t~eir. ihstrume.ntalities;· a1;1d for the rl3turn . of.his· remains;.· · soch other. employers . as public ·interest may. 4. ,§ubsist~nce all.owan·c.e,.berefit; require, Qeploy only to countries': (!;SIG) . ·s. Money clalm.s arislng·frdm employ~r·s liability; ·· a., Where ~he': Ph)!ippine.s hc1s concluded 6 .. ~ornp~ssionate Visit:- When a migrant worker §,liateral · · · labor· . . · agreements . ··or . is-hospitaiized and l')as l::i.een·eo.nfined·for at least arrang.enients; ·. · . · · ·> · 7 ·conseout'fve days, ·he Shflll:·be entitled to ·a b. Observing and/cir complying· wi~h the .. compassionate visit" by ·1 ·family 'member qr a · ,international la~s and st~ndards'fqr migrar:it : :requested individual. The · insurance company . · ·. · · ·,worke,rs; and . · . :' .· · .sliafl..pay for'tiie transportation cost of the. family c. ·g,uara11teeing to protect the rights. of Filipino , in¢ml:;>f;lr :reqi:iested ln'dividual t0 the ·major .-. . migrant worke~. · . ·· · ·airport closest. to. the place of hosp.italizatlon of 2. · !r:iforn'I migranJ work·ers not only of. their .rights. as . . _the' worker.. ltis, how~v~r. the. responsibility of . worker~ but also of their right~ as' l)uman 'being~;
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In the case of. IPAMS v. De Vera· and Arriola, G.R. · No. 205703, March 07, 2016, the' Court ruled that a foreign f aw may g·overn. overseas employment . · contract when the fo.ll'owing.requlsitss. are present: (Sl~·Pro)' · ,1. , That ·it is expressly: §tipulated in the overseas . . .emptoyment contract that a 'specific FOREIGN · law shall govern; z. That the forei~h .[aw [nvoked must 'be proven beforethe courts pursuantto-thePhillppine rules onevidence; ; · · · . · 3. · That {he. foreign law stipulated 'in the overseas . <. employment contract must !iPt be ··confrary to · .law,:- morals, good ·customs, public order, or · ·. · · ·.. · ,·' ->. · · . ··· · . · ·· public pollcy-of the Philippines: and ' · ·. .Adjtidlca.tory···Functlons- (.Jurisdic~lo_n· Reta_ine~. , . · . 4- T-ti~t the· overseas·eniploym~rit contract must be . wltt) POEA) · ·. · . ·,. ·· . ·. .. ·. .Processecrthrough lhe POE.Ai.. . · 1'·. , "Admfnistrati:.1e· cases · .fovolvi.ng. violations .of · . ·: · · · · ·, ~- · · · · · · IJcen~ing rules and regulations· and registrati.9.lj,_,....it,:__--.§ubj~cttel exiefting laws, ttie'crirninal action shall be .recruttment and · ernployment" ag~f1.ciEis'"'or. j{!s'ttl'.lte..dand tried jn the court.of the municlpatity or · ··. -e,:i!il(e~;·ar)d ... · · _ ..... 'Je~fo~,~9!~t~e ?ffefls~_was com_mitted or where . 2: Dlsclpllnary action. cases an.9./ot.tfef\eypelklh·-""',.,~J}Y qt•t5kresse~1~.l1ngred1~nts occurred (RULES OF ~ses_ .which are admini~tr~~ie' in'\c~r~t~ei', .. · : ~ ~o1JgJj;l'fultJ}'f.J().Sec. , _, 15(~)). . .-.· .· . . · . involving . employers, pn~c1pal~}j.Dn![~tm~ ~':""-.:.._.., ~ . partners and Filipjno mig(a~D-w.oi~er~!(/RR ·t,f 'R,_~Q"4J~~owever, fixed an alternative R,A. No: 80_42,._Rufe.X, SJj'c.. 6):-..//J · ·J!" : fa~ .Jtent;re· f~fm. t~Af'pr~~ide·d __ in :3ection _1~(a) of !~e · · . · fl · I • Ru[ee offnm,"111 W,p"l'4~re, ,ce., a cnm,nal·acbon .. ·. Note: Jurisdiction. over .fl.~]P"s-'rjsin'g·ibut"ofafi . ~ ·-:-_ansing":"'liom.., illdgif. r;,_~qruitr.nent may also b'e filed , . · empl~){er-employ~e _rel~tionstijp. ·or !:>Y. .-vii;tµ~of~ere thp.offen~~~d1Js(rtt~ctually resides a.t the time . . ·. any law ~r contra.ct.invo1v!~Q~lfil.!i:>i1foW ~ef"l:ifC:lP. ' , ~he Cfi>l.!.!!ri_;SS! p~-ef:th.r offe~se ~rid that the co~r.~ ' · ?.~ersE;ias ·. deployl1'.le~t q inel4~ng .(~•r-i:is :f!l~:~~~4:·J~@pm\1;:ii ac~12n ls first filed shall a~q~1re 3. · :instruct and guid~ the· workers flow to assert their-rights and provide the avanable mechanism to redress violation ·Of their ·rights; . · ·:· · · . . 4·. Regulate private sector perticipation -Hi the recruitment and overseasplacement of workers · · throuqh if;:, lice~sing · and registratl_on_-.systern: · ·a.r.'ld. .. .· . . .. . s·. '. formulate and impternent.. in coordination with · appropriate .'· entitles concerned, wh~!i. . .neces.sary, .a · system for promoting · and: . · .. rooni!oring.,the.overseas·empfoymen.f of-FiJ!.Ri.110; · .: workers taking into consideration ·their' welfare . and the dqmeslic manpower requlrements (f?.A·. Nd. -8042, as arrie,:i'ded.by R.A: No. 94;22). ·
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·\: ·: '(. . 0 ;~judica!i?h ~ ciffice qr.· 1. .~_uspend.or ca!lceJ hceps~~·and~. }!-; ~~I .Gffl.~.e_,Sif~e PO~. ~s tt,e. ca~~; may be. 2. ·.order- ~the. refund .or· re1rnk:!urser:peot9,[~.9.~h~he..PQ~~¥motu p_r-op10 U(ld~r.take·d1scipl11:lar.y illeg~lly.,co_ll~cted:f~e~.(Ea~,ter'!A~~an'c.r:Jp._nd .. 'i;\1j /aciio;\._·)9Jiilst·a work7r.. !~-shall es,tabli.~ha ·system · · .Surety.Corp. v.,. Secretc.Jryof La~or, G.~Yl~'l36- -lYllo~~td'ung·and _!)la.cJd1st1ng (POE;A Rules; Book VII,·. 50,· Januafy' 17;'.1}Jg"_OJ. ·. ·
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' . . . ' \ Note: For com·pl~!e llst of grouAAs.:for ·.~iscjplinary -·action, refer to ·2016-POJ:::A Hules and Regulations · ·Goveri1ing:Overseas .Employment, Secs. 143:.149.
. fy'loney clajms·_or. ~l~ims for 9a1:nages should: b.~-.file~.· before the·Regional Afbjtration-Sranch ofthe NL~C:-. 1, · . Wher.e th~ complain~nt-reside·s:·or·· · . · · . The ·secretary <,>f 1-:abor shall have the. exclu~lve to . ·.2:. : V','her.e ·.the· princjpal· d_ffice .of th'~.·'~esp,onden\· ·act on appeals frO!tl the,.Orders of ttie Administrator . . ;employer is .situated., -~t the .."op_tion· ·of. 'tlie . .(201.6. POE;A . Ri.iles .and· . Regulations .. Governing ...complainant (201{·Nt.;RC Rules ·at.procedure.. . ' · · .OverseasEinploym_ent, f?14(e. Vll,,Sec~·185). · . . ·· RuleIV,·sec. 1,__ par.. (e)). .· , ., . . . . ·.: . . . . ... ~ . . . . ' . . ' '. . Tt)e ~ule~. of . P;~cedur.~ . on: Vel)ue: ·was mereiy. .. ·con:ipfi;,mise J\gre.~rrieni . . . permi~ive-, allelwing. ,3· 'qifferent ·venue· .. when. the . · Sec:.. 1 O ot RA No.· 8042 al!ows resolution by compromise· of .cases filed with ttie · NLRC.. Any intere'sl oLstibstantial "justice demands, a ··different compromise/amicable . settlem'e,nt or, . vollmtary /Dayag \,. <:;anitates,:G.R:· ·r.Ja.·..·12419$, March 6,'19~8). . . . . . agre.ernent on _-mon~y cla.ims inclu~ive .of damages .. under this s'ection shall be-paid within thirty-(30) days .•. . ·authority. from approval ofthe s~ttlement by .the appropriat~. '.·. . . . . . .. ·. I
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Rule on PrematureTerrnlnatlon .of Contra~t: 1. · If .termlnated on groun·ds other thanthose. that . are lawful,' and :.valic:J .b.efore the . agreed termlnauon date.. the employer will . pay .the . workers · their .salaries correspondinq "to the· unexpired, portion . of the employment· contract· · (Vinta ·Maritime Co., tnc. v. · NLRC, G.R. No. · 11$911,'January 2;3, 199~)- · .- '.. . . 2. · vnder- · Seetlon "·10 •. a worker dismissed 'from ·. overseas employment . wittid\Jt just,'. vatid. . or' authorized cause or' the\-e are. any unauthorized . deductions from hls salary. he ts-entitled to fi.J.11. ·rein:ibarsemeiitofflis.pfoce.mer-1t,te'e."Vithint~'re.st at. 12%- per· annum .plus. salaries- :for.· the unexpired'p,ortii;>rj'. '61' 'his: contract (R,A. .'8042,
Due Process'Requlr~d·t9 Terminate Employmen·t Procedural due process ; requires that. a. seaman must be given: ' . 1. Written .notlce of the charges 13gainsl him . The employer js bound to furnish him 2 notices: a: The written charqe; and . b.'. The written noticeof dismissal in case· that . is the.penalty imposed. · ·. ·. . 2. Format lnvestiqation · .where he can . defend ·· himself personally or thr<;iygh. a representative before be can. be- dlsrnlssed .and disembarked. ·from.the vessel (Dela Cruz v, ·M.aersk,Fi!ipinas . · Crewing,lnc., G.R. No. 172.0;38,. April 14, 2-008). · · · · · .. ·· ~inirrrum EITl~loyment.·'Co~ditl'ons of'Pv.er~~as.· . ,g- · · ·10/p.ar.. SJ. · · · · · · · · Emptoymen~:(G~l- ~O)· ·:.. . :. . ; - . :; · ~. :t!. -; · · . ~ 1. Gyaranteed wages for regular 'work 'houns and ~ · · .. · J~rispru~en~e·~n'ttie u.._..c·or1stltutlonaiity ofSe~. ·· overffme pay, as appropriate, whichshall not be e-: · 10 of RA'· No. ~04~ v. se:c~ 7 .of ~.A. 'No. 10022 Iower than the presctibedrnlnlrnum wa·g~. ·in the · .· with Rei'.}a~£1·to Clalrn for'S.alary for the Unexpired , .,-~). . host· country, not 'tower- than tl)e·· :appropria,te .. :rerm.:. .. ''. . . .·. · .. · . .,. · ... ·· :,11/)Ji,. ''. niinimurn·:wage stancjard' set forth·in <;I bilateral.. The clause."orfor.three mpntb~ foreveryy_earo1.the, -~·1::·.) agreement 9r·: irite~nati9nal co.nver:rlion· duly.·, ,;,. , .'1.fnexpfie_t.:J.l~rf!i~ whiche'l(ei'fs·(e$~".tn· Sec:. ·10(~);,q{5::··,,,;;( rati.fied .by the host country. a.nd the PhiHppin.e~ i;: RA·No,_·80'~2 .was.declared. unco.n~fitutional:,bJ:thfi:,,;·;::,,,:-:-:-';or . ~o~)o:wer ~an the. m(njmury, .wage in. the SC for .. "'.1olat!l19 Sec~.:.1 •. A'!·'. Ill,.. Se~. : 1.8, Al{j!f~~~,:y\ ,....~; ! J :'.'~)?!-!\,P.P.Jn,7~.• Wh1~h.:vens.h1gh.e$t;.. ·: I • : .. ti,:·. S~c. 3; fl.rt, XIII of.the C~n~~tut1?'n, wh.!~t.as:.e?rd ~I.I /1 i'( 2. .free--t~~'}sportatron to and from the w9rks1te, o.r . ·~~~b.er~.Pf.the labor sector, w1thou\r~,1st~ction·as;L.1,1 ·: offsetlm-fll~nefit; · 1 .. . . . . · · .· to P.lace bf ~eploym~rjt,.iu!l .prc.>teatior:i;~Mf.l~ir·~~hffe:---:!h. ;3.. free... ,~n~ accommoqation, (?r offsetting · W and We_lfare_ (~en:a.noy. ·.~~1./;:mt f'.1~!.!ftme.~~!!r,v1ces benefi~: M·:: ~. . .· ·. · _ · ·. . . . , · · . Gi .. fm;;.;_<ji;~:·N0:, 16_76~4'.·¥a_rch.21;J,~09).; irt~ . ··~ .: 4. Jus~ut.hpnz~d -~aus~s· f~r. termJnat1on of ~he t·· . · . · ·. · ... · · _ ... : :~~':=-,. .. A ~on.tract If~ <.>f the services ,of the._workers taking f/., The. ~~id ..Pr9vi.sl?n o.t. RA 894~~-~~c~·~.~ ·: }~~;~~p:r.i~~:<;W~iS>i'l. the cust.oms, ·t~a.ditions, .. : J, . pre_v1ously g~clared . tp be .. Q[lq01JSji1qtronJ3I via.~, .. 1~, i : l')OrmS,;,ffiQf.f?.Sr'P.racti~s.company, pohc1es ar9 ' ~" · r~.ena·~~ed.in§e.c:7. ?f. 1~022~~.!GE)f- ~ffep! : .. th_e lab~r laws. and·~ocial·.legislati~ris .oft~~ ha.sf .. · · o~ May 9,. 201,9. _ . , ,-. . 1."''."';t>'m,co..untry~. . . . _ . . .. ,5~>,t-'fh~ ~dmm1st~at1on may :also. c9ns1d~r.· the l· H(>11Yever,'the .~ujlrem~,Co\J.rt_in San.rMf,ovef-?,~Y.S~;~,l:..'~~z.'. !ff.{,fe.1lif~l'ig as 'ba's.,s:t~.r Qttier ,provisio~s.. ~t. tti~ .. .,:.: Pfae~.meo,tAge.ncyln9; v.. C;1bil~s~.G.~·,:.Jil.o. 110{<39, . contrac_t:(PE~.R) :. . ·r.. .:· ......... ,. ·_; • • ·:· ~:. · · Au9u~t· ·s;. . 201-4 ··$clig., tt:iat ~~tH:1te ·~w~~'!!'}tih.e.. • · . a,. ·_E~7v~ilir:ig. co.nqi.~o'n?rec1!iti~~in:the m'<:1d<~t;= · ·.· ~ b ·. ;cli;,tuse ,'ot for_ 3 J1J<J.!1t/1s fpt:_,· eve_ry ..Ye'!r 9f . the .b.:' .5.Xlftin.9 .. labor ij,r1p_.~o<:Jl:!1':law~ ct the :h9.~!:.:, •'--: ·.une_xpiredt~"'l,·.whiCh£;Vetifiles..s,'was·rein.stated in.· . · cpunt.ry; : ,. ,. · . · :: . . ': . Sec. 7 ·.6f ·R.A. Na_·-foo;22~·T~us;-:wtier:i··~. la~ or ·a c. : Relevaot: . bil~tera1.< a.ri_d· .·· · mu~ilat·i~r: if... prcivisiofi·oflaw is'r'iu!Ubecause it.ls io'cohsist~nt with . ~g.te.en'lents or. ~rrangement~·.wjJh the',host the' c·onsti.tu,t.i~n.:.tl'l_e':'\1ull(tycan1:19t':b~. cur.ed·.:bY . country; and . , :: . . . • . · .. ··: . '. '<.': r; rein6.o.rp~r.aUbn·:·o.r_. r!i)~.nactment .ot. th.e s~~e . or · ·. ·· d.. a~1evant. :c;!greements,. · conventions, ~-· simila~ lav,.,·or provisibri. A law ot.p.rovisi9n of lay., tttat · delegati~n~ or. res.otu.*ms · (2016 _: PO€A . ~. . . wa~ ·alreac:iy declared,..unc~mst!~~tio.nal .r~mains'. ·as , . Rple~ : ~nd· ·· Reg,uf~(ions . G6ve_rnifig 'the . ~·· su~~ u.nless.t~e· :c1rc9msta1:1c~~~~~e·.so..c1Jap.g~9 as , Recruit,:nent and Emplaymenr1 _of f:
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remittance services to Filipino overseas . workers. Under RA. No. 8042, it shall. prov.ide the. ·Filipino tnigrant worker and. his family assistance in the enforcement· of contractual · obligation$ by ager,icies, entitles and/or their . principals; 5. Re-Placementand-Monitorlnq Center.{RPM) ·.. · develops ·.uvel1h6od proqrarns for. the 'returninq . workers ·to. reintegrate ·the· returning migrant . ·. ': workersto thePhlllpplne society;'. · 6. ·NLRC ·'-' . tasked with the , settlement or
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Renewal of AEP An application for renewal st,all be filed not ~adier than sixty (60) days before its expiration. ·except when the fore.ign nati.onal n~eds .to leave. the country or in other similar·CifCUmstances that:will hinder the filing of renewal within. .tt:ie prescriQed period, in which case the application·may be filed earlier (D.O. No. 186-17; Sec.. 11). · Application with expired AEP shall be· ·considered new a·pplicatfor,·'(D.O.·No. 186-1?,° S~c. 1.1).
;:.. ~~t6c~!~N:i~~aa~o~~:~~;~~tion .Center for Exe~pt.ipn from·. th~· .,Employni~nt. ·. Permit .· . · OF.Ws) . - proyid~s .a mechanism .:for . the Recjuirem.~.n.~ - . .· . ·.. , • . . . reintegration .. of th.er OFWs into the: Philippine. The f?llo~mg. categories of_ a!1.ens-, are exemp~ from soclety, serves .as a promotion house for their. · se~~r~~9. e~ploym~nt permit l~:ordet to work m the local employment, and tap. their. skllls and . · Philippines. (DOOF:P~E)_ ', , . · : .· 1 · · All ;11eml;>ers of th.e Q'.ploma~i~ ~erv1ce and ·· potentials for national developmentrand · 8., DOH.,...regulates theactlvltlas and operations of~=:.:..fo.reigri~ovei:r,ment official.s ~ccred1ted ~Y and all · clinics whicl) 'conduct medlcal; physical, ·-r . 1i. •· ·Yl!J.~!l.._r~cipro~ity_.agreeme~t ~ith the Ph_1hppme . . f I d t I .. h I ' I d th . ·1 r ·~ i l\[90',!eFl,J,:nent, · · · op IC~• , · _en a • P.SY~. O oqrca a!'l O ~r Simi a '>...../ Offic2.·r;'t,lmdstaff of international. organizations . examinations, hereinafter referred to as 11ealthq.~==~:~'( t:t< lfth"~hT ·. · . ·· t· · b: examinations, .on Filipino migrant workers as -~--~\'!!0 ippme gove.mml:l~.1s a mem E':r'. requirement -for:'. their overseas employment~-"'""'•·a.~<'R1~,~-IP·•J~~11'iatesp~u.sesdeslrlnqto work m · · . · V d ti"' ~':ir; · tl'i~ndJpp1r:19s; -:.., · · · .. (R(~. No.. 8.042:as·amendf/l:.~/7 jp}-' }r. b;\ers\iJ~-tepr~~~ntatives.off?-rt:!grrprincipa\s . · · iifl . . J('// H whote.. COfT!panLe~ . ·are accredited .by . the • r~.,. ,,. n ... :i-~. • \' t: p "'O~ ,.. . E l t ..... ,.,. .. ,.....-.-.-."."'. ----, ...... , ...... /,'1'f,;,,·-~·-~r~.""ij"f'f-· -.-:-(\""·"".="". ~l•J.Hl(?.~~ne ·~\:' .. , versea$ ... mp.oymen. EMPLOYME,,.-ir'F'eP N;;~-it'" 7"\ ~- t~,-7~d~trn~trah~@.""'{~*· EA), ~[19.. ~ome .·.to. the . .. ~ . if · . •I L-:~tl Ph1l1pp1n~s .ff~:.aJ1qi ed pert0.~ and ·sol~.ly for Ute . R'.ESIDEN::1,~·A1',{E1"f. \ '!:- ~, pup~),of ~ntervJe· ing Filip!no applicants for , ·. .. ~ ':i h ,.~ .,~~ ..::::=.;::S__eipR~~prl'er:iC~!:ir.2.~<:f; · . · · .. · , . ·. ·· . . . ·: .' . \ (JI ) \ i:iaibnal~._;J.ho. come. t~ the .PhUippin~~ to TITLE T~O: EM~Lp~MEN~;O.f l"l~N.~REl~·~l ,E{i'J:Tfil ~.JJi;0',t~~fl·~r~.ent a.nff/orc<;mdoc,;t resea_r~h studies, · ALIE.N~ -. .':\ . ·. \ . ~) ~ ... · :illty,ok.;..~~_,.~tfx"emption. is o·n a r.eciprocalbasis; ·~ . a pe(so.n}ii.the.Fhil,ippiijE}S ~_ho ·is pompe.t~nt•. able . .5. Eerm~nerit:. resid_e.nt. .foreign· . ·nationals · an<;! and.. vvi.l!ihg at .th~ time of- applica.t~c;,.nJo ·perform the . ·, pfobatioj,a1y or, tempqr.ary resident visa; holders se_ryices forwh1ch Jt:re.ali~n is P,~.sire.d~·fLABOR· uhder $action., 13,_.(a~f) ·of.the -·Philippine CODE, Art.·40),:. . . . fm·migr~ti<;>rr'Act.of 1~40.·and.Section·s .of the ·· -· . · . · ·· · . Alien Soc;:ial fritegratiqn;AcifofJ.~95 (RA 791.7)~ .. ·A!ifci~~igh.'rt~t!6na·ls.~h6 inteild to.engagEiih gaioful 6, .Be!U9~.es·a.nd Stateless:Person.s recog.niz.ed by .. · ~Qiploymerit ..in, the Phillppinis.' shall apply for AEP OOJ pursuant to Artiele· 17 of the UN Convention · . (D,O. No-: 1_86~17, Sec.· 1): ·. . : .. . . arid P~otocol.:Relatin.g tc:i·~tatus,of R:efugees arid ·. · Stateless .P~rs.ons;·. , .. ,··. : ' .. ·;' . · . .Validity· ~t·AEP. ( ·.· , · -· i. · _·. .' .. · ·• · . · . . '·. 7. : All foreign nationals: grariiect si<ercfption- by .. law . . (D.0. Np; 186.-{! Seci ~) . . . . AEP shall be. valid for- the p9s1.tion and tl)e cqmpany for Which i(was issued .°for :a. period .of one (1).: year ,:-Exclusjon :frQm s~cuiing Em.~f~y·rnerit Permi( . ,unless the .employment ·contract, or other modes. of. .The folloWin'g·categori~s are exciud.ed.frc;>m securing engagem.ent:prov.i~.es otherWise, ·which .. in no· .case· ),n employment permit; (GPCJCO). . . . . .. shall e.xceed three:(3) yea'rs (D.O. No: ·1a6-11, sec. · .·10). . . . . . 1: Mem,ber~ ·.of· tlie: .§ove·~ning · board: wfth · voting· ··rigl:its only. _and ·.d<;> not , intervene in · the· matiagemenfpf t~e cotp·o·ration·o.r .in ·the day to c,l,ay ope~ations of.the enterprjs~ . · · . .
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BAR.OPERAtlONS
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£!.resident andTreasurer, who ~re part-owner of the company; . . 3. Those providing -~onsultancy services. who do not have employers in the Philippines; . 4. [ntra: .corporate transferee who is a manager, executive, or speciallst in accordance .with Trade. Agreements and an. employee -of the foreign service supplier'for at least cne-vear continuous · employment prior ti;> deployment to a. branch., subsldlary affiliate .9r 'repreeentative office in the . Philippines; · ·
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~rave mlsconduct in dealing w.ith or ill treatment of. workers; . . . 5. -Availabiiity of a Filipino who is competent, able and willing. to do the [ob intended for or being performed by the.foreign. national based on data . in: the. PEIS, PRC Registry of Professional- and TESDA Registry of Certified Workers;. . . 6. · Worked Without yal.ic,t AEP for more than a year; . or · ·. 7. ·~PP,liecltion for reinewal with gxpired visa or With temporary·visitor's visa (D.O. No: '186-17, Sec.
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.. Note; · E!(~cutive · primarily. directs , the, . : jnariaqement of the orqanization and receives Ground.s. for. Can.cellation/Re.vocati~h of AEP . only _general supervlslon pr direction; M;;mf:!.ger· . {No.rt-MSNl'-CTG} · · ._;' · ' ·. · -,primarily directs the· orqanlzation/ ~epaqmen:t( · · .- T.he :.Regional Director. may, -motu proprio·-or upon subdivision . arid · exerclses .: supervisory . and .· petiJi:p.n., cancel or- revoke an.AEP. after· due process, . control '·functions over other supervisory, . based.en any of the foiloWing g,rouhds: . . managerial . or . professional · staff; Specialist . 1. · Non~complianoe with ariy of the.reqinrements or .. · possesses knowledge at an advancedlevel ·of · ,.,.." conditionsfor whlch the,AEP was issued· . · . expertise.·. · · . . 2 .. ·. :~rsre~resen~ati_on· of fcicts. the: :1:1P_Piication· . . . .· . .· . .... /·Jbt/•:•i;,., . .including fraudulentmisrepresentatlon 1;e. false . 5. ·~ontractual ·Service supptlerwho is. a mana'.siW/ ;T;;t . · statement 'that · has ·a. ri~gative ertect in the -exe~µtive or. specialist and an employee .o.{ ·e':'.aluat}g:~?f1:he.applic;:,;1_ti?nmade knowingly, ~r '. . ·, ·. foreiqn · sesvlce S!fpplrer · -..yhich:: · ha_sj?'1JS(;j{.:/~)~~t~1!.~2W,J?,~}1ef m its. truth, or: recklessly whether it .. commercial presence in the Pl)iliPPilJ.~~Y·: : ·.is'tFue~_r>_lalse; :_. ·· . ··. . · . · · a,. Who enters _the Philippines !~!i-1:~rarily to·LJ4 ·, 3: .§ub!'l11~~1~~~f_fals_rf1ed.o~ tamper~d doc~ments; supply a service p~~su~nt ,P)l;~'~con!raj: 4. Mento~.OtKS~~bJect1on ·o~ mtorn:at~on_ against the :between his/her employe~~pd.lii\se·rvic~ . · .;, .' · empl_99'm~l'lt:~f ..thefore1gn nat_,onal;: consumer ii'.) lhe PhilippJp_,es; '.~)~'· ;c-, ht) ._5. F~re)$.f~ · ~at1~al has -~een ~onvicted of a b. Must poss.~ss the. aRpi;~~riate5:~Qucation·a1'\ 1-til,. · cn~tial_otfens~or-a fugitive fr.om jusJice; . and professional qualiti~atiorrsn!P
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Application for new or ·. · ·- . · . ·· . .. .· . . . : · · . ' · ·
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r¢n~"Val ·of ~I;> An ·application. for: AEP. or renewal thereof may ·be qenied . ori. ahy .of thii following· grounds: (M'ScG~ AWE): .. · ·. . . . 1'. · Misrepresentation ·Of facts io the ··application · includfng fraud\Jlen~ rrifsrepresentation t:e. false. st;a~ement .· that has r,egative effect "in the evaluation of th~f.application i:nade knowingty; Or'· without belief in its truth, or recklessly whetner it is tru~ or false; · · 2 ... ~ubmi~sl.on of falsified·docl!rnehts; ·3; £onviction to a·criminal pff~rise·or fu"gitiv.efrom justic_:e iri the, coi.mt_ryor abroad;
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· Convictfon '·: of . criminal 1 O. ye;ars . offense . or fugitive . from .·· > . 'justice; or . . .. . . - . &ave 'rnisto~duct dealing .. with' ·. . treatment ofworker~r
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Misrepreseritatio~ of tacts- 5 year~ submission .of fals'ified · · documents with .intent tci decefve; conceal or omit to state material facts (D.9. No. 186.~17,.Sec. 14). ·
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~019 $AN SEDA LAW
CENTRAllZED BAR. OPERATIONS I
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Note: .The emplcyer, .or.. the employer's 'or. foreiqn national's representatives and/or agents found to have filed a· fraudulent applicationfor AEP .for three (3) counts shall be barred from filing ~pplication for a period.offive.'(5) years (f2.0; No, 186-17, Sec. 15).:
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DltVELOPME'NT . TITLE O~E: . NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT .PROGRAllil
ApplicatjQh for AEP.. . · · · .' . . All applications for AEP shall .be filed.and proces~ed at the DOLE.Regional Office or Field Office having· jwisdicti'b[I over .the intended place otwork (D.0: 186-17, sec. 5(a)). ·
M.AN .. POWl;R
CHAPTER. I. NATIONAL .. POLICIES .. AND. ADMINISTRATIVE MACHtNERY FOR TtJEIR · IMPl,:.EME,NTATION .
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: . The f~iJowing ate''th~ -speclal.qroups of :empioyees··. - tinder Tme II of Book II orthe: Labor; Code:' •.. · .~ . : . 1: P..pprentlce; . · ' · .. · ·· · · 2, .. Leamer; and . : 3... ·fiandi~J?PE:d.. -.·.. ·N~tei For. o.th.e~ specii~I g:r~ups:of. ernplcyees i.e .. women, minors, househelpers, homeworkers and' night workers; refer .te !he oisc;i.Jssio~ of. Special Groups Q.f.Einployees under Special Laws. . . ·. . (For Jobstert Trainee, -refef_
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Jobstert under . Philippines-Act . . . .·. $pecial.Lews).
26
2019.SAN~EDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAA OPERATIONS_
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- LA.BOR STAN,DAROS a
. SAN'B.EDAl.(IW.CE:N~l/ZED
··. ARTICL~.5'7;.STATEME;NT·OF OBJECT.IVES FOR THI; TRAINING-AND EMPLOYM.ENT OF SPECIAL WORKERS·. · .. Objectives:·fDNA) 1,.. To· h~lp meet th!3 Qemand of the economy 'for trained. manpower; · · · · · '· 2. To establish a ~atlonal appr!:)nticeship program -through .the .p,ar:licipation ·of employers, workers, and'goyernment ;:ind non-government agencies; . 3. To establish. Apprenticeship standards for· the· pr;otection:'ofa'pprei1ti6es(t:ABdR C_b'DE, Art.. 57).· .. : . ARTICL:E. sa. DEFIN.ITION OF TERMS. Apprentlceshlp is· a practical trairying . .on the Job supplemented . by .retateo ·. theoretical ·· instruction (LAB.OR . C_O,DE, Art;_ 58(a)).: ·~ . · . · ., . . . . : ·. ,:. ..
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CHAPTER I: APPRENTICES
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~~p~&~tice l;_-~a p'e;so.n u~~e~boing. tr~i~ing:f~r,~,m-:.;ff~.· ARTICLE 60; EMPLOYME;NT.OF AP~RENTICES approved . apprentlceable ·, occupation ·during/ an!/ .... , Qualifications of E;mployer.·of Apprentices:: . .. . established period assured by -an apprentice~li!i{ :·; ;f\-1 j. S)nly employers. in highly. technical . lndirstnes.. · a9ree;m~nr(R,A No.' 7796; Sec. 4, par. (k)).: · ':i.., . -~.,.maye~pJpYapprentlcesj " :
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~ppr~~ti.ce~~I~ . <;>c~up~ti~~n .is · an ~oci9tl'~~io~~/{f" _officially endorsed by a tripartite .body,1.1Jd"apptove(J{!.,..,.J1· -for ~ppre~tlcesbip. by ..:rESDA (R.A: N,
lndustrles ar¢: -triose . 'trade, b.J;is'q;iess,:: enterprise- industry•. .or other a_ctivitY,{~1~.pare en~aged i_n the _applicc1tionof advariee~Jte~nol~gy_(JRRo~La.bo:.Cocf.e,}ook .. 11, Ru.Te Se';;. 2(j))., . ·. · . · ., . ·
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·.t:j; ... · v.i r.,otedt,is:~o _longerihe. Secr e~i;¥·ot\i'b~r . t:>u! t.l;l'f\ /.1 . IL .J~:l __· .. -_ · . ·:: . ·TESDA'w~1ch approves appr.~i1ce._abl€gc1:tjpa_tib_fJ,S., · (.(~ .2. ~~.i:,?.~·!~''1'~$Pte'n. ticeable · occupations · ·a_~)RA.No:7796'. Sec -, p.ar.. ·(m}{\...-..__,:t-~p1.:;f ~·~1:: ht . _ '.dete.fl1lt!l~.t>y·:.Tl=~PA.' _(LABOR . ,C.ODE· as · '.: ... ·· ·· .... ·. ,. "'.!'.:-·-'"~.;\ f·:. f4 .amenqeq_by_E,.O.No.1.11,Arl ..($0).. .
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1ail Appre11ti,ceshi_~ Ag~ee_mer.it: 1~ · ·.~emJ?,Jqyrne~t . !f>.r~ . : .. ·· . , . . .· ... · ·. , . -· ~· · con~ract V.:h.erem,th.~·e!'Jlplo~er_ bm.tj~ h\gi~,t;iJM.otra112__ ,1.,:~-~t:,R~~l~!~S....;~'?r:ValldAppre,:1t1ce~h1p: (QuESAP). ::;. the.app_rent!c~.a.ndthe_apprent1ce 10 tufifi.:J~cepJ~~tre--•L..LW!l:Q1:1ahfic~t1ons. of apprent1_c~sh1p are met; . · :.; ·terms.oftra1mng(RA. No. 7796, ..S.ec.. '4:jip_ar.. 1[0)l . 2. Apprentice .J;ams ·np~ 1.ess than .75%_' of. the_ pres~ribed mlriimµm_'.salary_ ..(/RR. of:the. lab.or .. It 1s also :a· contract .wherein a ·prospective. employer . . C.od1:t, Book'//, Rule:VI,: Seo, 2Q); ·= · · . ·. · \ ,;:_:,: .. -bi11.ds· hii:nself-tq· -1r~in ·.the. apprentjce who ·i~:tum 3. · Apprepticeship agreement duly exscuted -and t . accepts. the .. terins of~ training for ~·,' recognized . : .· . .§igned;· . • . . ·. . . ', ·. . ·. ~-' - ... a·ppr_e!'lllce.able occupation emphasizing. ·the righ,ts; :- 4:" Apprenticeship.·program ~us.t_~ej~pproved by . C · duties·...and respqnsibilities of eaci, party.-(R.A, No. 001:.E (now TESDA); ott:ierwi~e. the appr~ntice ·. '7796,'Sec4{1)): .. ,· .. . · . ·, ~-shall·:b~ .d~emed.,,a:· regular. erhployee '(Nitto · ·.:, .·· · ··Enterprises. v. :·NLRC, ·G.R. · ·No: 1-14337, O~-the-j~b training, is practical work. exp.erierice · . · · Septfimber29,..'19'95}; and . .. f.:" ·.. through ·. acti:iaf . participation in. ·. the: : produdiye 5. ~elj.Q.d of: apprentice~hip shall· not .exceed 6 aciiyitie.i. given:to or .acquired by an ·apprentice· (IRR months -~/RR i;,r Labor: c_o'd~;,_Book.11,.·.·~u!e· vr, ·ofLal:Jo.r'Cofl.e, Bo9k II, Rul.e v,;. Sec: 2(h)): . Sec. 19). . ... . . . . . .· , ...
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2. Physii::ally fit tor the occupation in whi<;:h he . de.sires ~o be trained; . ·, Note: Total physical fitness in'·not required of an .. . .apprentice-applicant unless it.is essential to the .expeditious • and effective ' ·,earning -qt the · occup:ation. Only· physical . dete.cts, · which . constitute 'real, im~diments · "to th·e effec.tive . performance-;' . as .·aetermfned 'by 'the . plant apprenticeship comr:nittee;, may· dJsq~alify and . : · applicant' (/RR of Labat: Co
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OF .. . ,:lJie following .are the _qualifications pf an ;apprentic.~: (15-PAC)' .. ·. . . · . · . ,. · ·· ·. · · . ~. · Ade.as!fifteenJ1.fil years. cif ag~; provided tha~ if below eighteen-· (18) year&, ··he· shall not be. eligil;>le :for haZardous . occupation (R.A. {'lo. .7610, Sec, 12); · · · : · · · .. ·. : •·
~ . ~ot~: .At -the temiinatibn' of ·the. ~p~r~n~iteship, .'the:employer· ls :n.ot i-(3guir~..d :to· c;bntiiiue·: th!;) emr>loyment. The participatirig. enterprise has· tne'opti~m· to-hire _the ~pprentice, even prior to· . the : com'pietion of the apprenticeship peri'od (TES.DA Circular:No:·16~04). : ·.. : ... · ·· ·· · ~ ·
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2019 SAN_BEQAtAW CENTRALIZEDBAROPERATIONS.
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SAN BEDA LAW CENTRACIZEOBAR OPERATIONS - MEMORY AIQ 2019 •
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There is no valid apf?rentfoesh.ip"if: (AWW-6) . . 1." The ~greement submftted to TESD.i\ was made long · after the . workers started · undergoing . apprenticeship; · ·· · 2. The Work perfqrmed by the .apprentice was di"fferent · from . tho~e · allegedly . approved · by .TESDA; . . . 3... The· Workers ·ur:idergoing appren.ticestiip are alrecidy sk"ille"d work.ers; .and · · 4 ..- Th~·. workers w_ere ·require~ to . continue · undergoing the a_pprenticestiipbey.pnd_§ months (Atlanta Industries,· Inc: V, ·Sebb/inp, G.S:. No. · 1 f37320, Jitnuary-26,· 2011). · · ·
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overtjm~ work is. duly credited toward. his training . ·time (/RR (he l,.abor. Code, Boo!< II, Rule VI,· Sec. 20). .
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ARTICLE ij2:· S.IGNING. OF APPRENTICESHIP · AG'ij,EEMeNT . ,. . . Appr.enticeship agreem.ent is signed ~y: · .1. ·.. Appr~ntice, if-of age, otherwise: a. .By. his paret:"'lt or guardian; or - · b, In the latter's . absence; -by ari authorized . · ,: · represent~tive.of TESDA; and · . 2. E:mployer:or his ~uly ~uthorized represent~tive . . (Lf,/3.QR CODE,Art.. ~2). ' . . . . .
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. Number· of:.~Apprentice~ . to be. l)~ken·: in by. ·. · Defective Contract Companies· . · · . · . . . · It'the agree_m'~"ntis. found to be detective and serious · A participating enterprlse.shall. be allowed totake m: . · : d~rnage would-be sustained by either party if-such a · 'apprentices only up to a maximum ·20% of ·its total . · . .d!3fe~t Is - not corrected., the DOLE-Tl;S DA shall · reqularworkfotce (TESDA Circular No.-16._04). >~,,,:>=-=.~dvise·the employer "'{ilhin Jive (5) working days not yj,pl~ttienf the" agreement pending .amendment ARTICLE. 61; CONTENTS OF AP~~~l_JSHIP _':,-~- }~i_l~t'(~._tLah.orCode, ~ook_ II, Rule VI, Sec.
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AGREEMEN_T
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The Apprenticeship, Agreement sliaU· mC\jJd~{FB· . · · . -~,,~~ Jf:,\'~;. . THo.~_SWaP·C) .. . 1'.·.-"''"___.,.....".f"~->P.Rl:l~,l~~"'~1·. '{~UE OF APPRENTICESHIP. 1. full name and address.f_Q1l'-t~~· co9fracti~9. "").( ·loROG~Afltf~ .if"~ \, . · . , parties; . "V / .. ·. ff . · · .:f' ~ ,±.\ .. Witliin · th\ ~!;pons-9ring. firm, establishment, or ,2. Dateof .!;!irth of the apprentice; J -, r, ·. . l\l", e11Jiti; o_r_ \ ( J}\ · · - ' 3. Nam_7 ~f Ir~de, occup~Ji~lp'J"r.;Jot?inj?nicff~!!~·--~ir-~~~fl~ D'Rl;'..~~alniog -center or .other public · apprentice shall be tr~,n~d-~afld th~,~ate~it~Jillii·S...4~tramJngmst1tut1orn;j;fpr .. which · · such . training ~ wiJl:.d &egin nd :: _>Ml~"iii"Ul~i,:;.):n:;i · IDi~~r frainin~J1;1<-tr~9~'fundam~ptalsfn a training approxi_mately en?; ~42:)~ ~ . '!_:" .· ~ ~f:it!?"lor her_ ~']t>ti_tut_io~_s_with . subsequ?nt_ 4 .. · A~p~ox1m~te _number if~~Fi~ ·o .~J. ·];.",~· a,~ aGy$o~ plar.t1~~ation ~1thm the spons~~rig trammg·w1th_compulsoF-y,.tneor'ef1caLJ 19 )~....«;>~/.; ,rD;lf ~.@!Y d~l)g-the flnal-staqe oftraininq which the .apprentice sh~ll undit~o 't:A1i{ORJ.!9-P.E, 63) ..
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5. ~~~;~~'.1~ .. of_ th~ w~rk \'.R[ocesl~¥~0~~«~ ·. SPO~SORIN"G · . · OFc tradE!/?cc,uP.at1on 1~ w.h1c~ . the\appreptfc~~~_11-L~1'J.l.~P.EN1'~SJ,;IIP PROGRA~S · . . be tra1~ed?.nd the approx1ma~e.~~e-t~:M,spgn1i•~~-,i<~\~.:/~/i>;1' -:.. · . . . .'. .. . on the J_ob m·each ·process; ·. . . -~~- ·:v l~p:p~~.iit!,S,e'Sh1p _Programs ·shall. be. Undertakeo · 6, G_radoated scale of Wages-}9 b_e: ·pafci;;,tQ.,.Jhe _,._\.1Llo~Sg.otj'sored by: .. : .- . ·,;: . · · . ·· . . .. . .. apprel)tiqe; . . . . ' . : ~""--"""'1,"'7"Theplalit,.-shop_9r prerriises of tbe employer or -7.' Erobationa_r~ p~riod. 9{ th~. apprent(ce · _during ·. : · · ··. . - finn ..concerned jf.the: apprentices~ip progra.m is . :: whJch eithe(party ma"y summarily te.r("flinateth_eir · otganfzed by ar:i i"ndi.vidual employer or firm; · . : ..agreem
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·,. ~. ··: ... Valid Causes ft>r Termin~tlon ~f-Agreemerit %{-, 1: By"the employer; (PAW~PET) . . · . : . }fr° a. P~pr · fhysical · condition, . permanent .(, . dis~bility · · or proJonged illness- .. which ~;--'. 'incapacltles the apprentice from worklnq; f(:: . b. · Habitual 8b_sent¢elsm _rn on_-!he-job training ~:-..; and relatedtbeoretlcal mstructtons; . . ~· c. ·· Willful dlsobedlence of. company rules or ~ ·;. insi.Jbord!~~tion to la_wful orqer of a su·~e_rior;· d. ~oor.effic1ency or performance on the JOb or 6, . in the classroom ,for a prolonged perfod · despit~ 'warnlnqs," quly" ""gJ\ien- _to . 'the ~apprentice]. . · . ·. . · . e. J;,ng~_ging in violence or other forms of gr~ss misc~hduct ·. inside . .that . · _employer's .premises; and .. . . .. . . f, ·Iheft or- mallclous destructlori of company · property and/or equipment (JRR of Labor . !f: -Code,Book II, Rule VI, Sec, 25).· :· · .
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ARTICLE 69: RESPONSIBILITY ·. FOR · · THEORETICAL INSTRtJCTION , . . .Related· theoretica_l instructions. t~. apprentice~ may· be unde.rtaken by the employer if he. has, adequat~. facilities and qti~lifil;?d instructors for the .p·urpose. He shall · indicate his ·intention to assume -such responsibflity in the apP.renticeship standard ·ofhis program (!RR of the.Labor Code, Book .fl, Rule· VI; Sec. 27): ·. ·
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-ARTICLE 70; . VOLUrilTA.RY .. ORGNIZATION OF APPRE.NTICE$HW PROGRAMS· . . . . . ' 'Genera!: ~1.:1le: The organization of apprenticeship · .·. prog·ram shall'be pril!larily a volunta_ry uhdertaking.of . employers (LABOR CODE, Art: .7'0). · · . ··. ·
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~xceptions: . . . Compulsory apprenttceshlp . -. . .-··1. "Where "the 'services of foreign technicians are . · · ·. · ·. . :· · . : . · · . /~ . ··utilized· by prtvste companies .in aoorenuceable 2.· : By the appi:_entice·:.:_(SBC-~eP) · · . · ,,.,/~'./j:r' traces,' said companies are· required. to set up .: Substandard . OF . deleterious·.· Wofk1ril;h,j:~•l\ appropriate apprenticeship programs (LAF.;JO~ . . ·-. conditi.~ns within_ t~e ~nip.t~y.er's pre~isf1~it-: CODE,.Art. 70).. . . . . . . . .. . . I;>. ~.:Id hea)th ?r ~onll,nulng.tUnes.s; . Ji: , .:. .:_. "S·-2:_ · Wheh. !;lfc!Ve. national ernerqencles, p.articularly
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?· f:;i~yi; o~:~r~u::~~~9i~~~=t~e~\Jfth!\J.If!,,· ·;~~~~f~;~l~.i~~q~~;:~Znl~'. the~tate~~~~~~~ ~-- ~ep_e~ted y1ola~1ons _by·_th_e ei;rypjciyer ?f th?fl:--,.~ d_evelo1~p]~Qtso·dem_arid, th';) Secretary of labor . t~rms -of the apprenhce~h1~ a_9,r,~~~nt;_a~--:-f.l.. . may re{orr,fi;lend the.Pre_sident of the Philippines . e. · f~r~onal proble,:nhs :~1h(c~ 1~t!),e..-F.!~!flo1l of. · the c<;,ltlp~ls&jy·training of apprentices in certai.n :_. th_e_ appre~!ic~ ·. s a ~.~~:tent_ h_1W~1~m· ~ ·- · ~--\. trades, o~up~_tions,jobs,:or ~mp!6yment levels ·. -~~t1sfacto.rY:Perforyna1:.1r~Pf..hL~'!~b. (IRR 1::''.J · whe,i~ sh9rtag~;of trained manpo~er-is i:feemed.. · . L~bor-Coc;fe, Book II, ~'!/1. ·;,J ·. ,cf.ft~?,';{~!3,'rE(~LaborCo~e, ~OQ~ JI, R_µ~~VI, .. . . . . ~-~ Fi,:-. ., " .,, .• i Sec.'.4':1,J:.:.,..,.,__. . .
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The·-decision of the :secretary cii'Lahot~b~~:b"eYi'nai . : of the v~lu~, of labor fraini_n~r ·expenses i~~tirred for and executory (LABOR.CQD£,·Art:· 66)'. ~--.=1~"~-i.i, .. · ..d~yelop!ng : the _-·pmdurentic"eship -agreement _or . Requisites' fc;>r ·Dedu~tibiiity of "Trainir1g ··costs: damages for br.~ach "of ~ny .s.uch" agreememt unless . :co1op.) · · · · . · · · . '· · h.e: h.;:i~ ,~xh_austed . all ··avallable_ · .adri'iinist_r~tiye . ' · 1. ·. Appreriticest:iip program must· .. be · Quly remedies"(LABQR 90DE,Art:"67): ·· · . : ·· t• ·•··••• ~ · recognized by"t.he DOLE;·.. · · ·· · · -The·~1a_rirapprenticeshiP committee sh~ll h~ve·1nma• ·2. Deduction shali npt exceed tefl (.1fil % of." ijirect . responsibility for ·settling :-dlffe.rer'lces .aris!rig out'-of · .. labor wag.e; and . . . . . apprenticeship agr~ements VRR o~ the Labar Code,. 3. ···!::mployer i'),usr_~ay the minimum ·wage· (LAB.OR . Book II, R_ule VI, Seo, 34, .Par. (b)); · . · . . . · ' .. . CODE, Art·. · . · .. ·. · · . .. ' .. . .. ·... . ~ . 71), . .: . ·· . A~TICLE·68:· APTITUDE ·TESTS'·.. . ·. . :·_ART_IC,i..E .72: . ." APPRENTICES WITHOUT Ari. employer wh6· has· a recogritzed .appr~n_ticeship'.COM.P.ENSATION ·. . .. program shalr provf~e ·aptitude" fests:to_ apprenticeApprentices may be· hired ·without cornpensa"tjon ' applicants (~BOR CD_DE;Art. 68). wher~ on-the-job t_ra_ining if: (GB) . · . . ·1 •. Required by . the. ~ChQol/training pl'bgram or Note: .However, .if the employer does no( have curriculum ·as .a requlsite for·Q~aduation; or adequate facilities,: "the DOLE may ·provide the. 2. A requisite. _for .§.®"td · examination (IRR of the service .free-qf charge (!RR-of Lal:i6f. Code, Book II,· Labor. Code, Book //, Rule VI, Sec. 40). 'Rule .vi, _Sec. ·12)."· · ·
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BAR OP£8ATIONS-: MEMORY AID 2019
Approval . and · Cancellati'on · of
CHAPTER II: LEARNERS··
Program .ARTICLE. 73: LEARNERS DEFINED
Learne.rship Agre·~~~ntis the .contract entered into between the- employer and ttie · .learner . (LABOR
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program must · be . .subrnitted to ·the Apprenticeship Division ofthe DOLE Regional Office · · concerned for approval. Under R:A. .-Noi 77~6, the · . program must 'be . approved by .: TESDA. · The ·secretary of Labor may cancel· ·any· -leamership · progr.am if, . upon inquiry, it· is found that the. justification of .the program nolonqer exists (!RR.of the Labor.Code, Book II; Ruie Vil, Secs:· 3 end 7). ( . ARTICLE,76: LEARNER~ !N- P.IECEVV,ORK .: Learners · jri piecework or incentive-rate jobs are to bepaid in full for the. workdone during the training period (LAB
Learners are· persons ' hired. as, trainees in semi. · skille,9 -and other industrial .occupatlons :Which are · . non-apprentlceable and. 'which· may be·· learned · throuqri practical . .training ,on the job in a. relatively short-period of time which shall NOT exceed. three. (3) months (LA!30R CQOE, Art. 73).. .
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Leamirshlp v. Apprentlceshtp . . . . .....
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Note.:· the··employer is 'compelled continue. . · the ·em.ploymeht . of the ' le~m,e~ : after. the termiri.atiori 'of the· agreernen.t. (DUKA,· supra. ,# · 10~). · · .. · .. . . · .:Note: A learner who has worked ~~Ii!'.19 'the first two . ··. (2) months -shall, be deemed a re.gular employee ·.jf · · training is termmated PY the employer before the end ·of the stlpulated period throuqh ho fault of the.learner :(iRR-o(the Labor.Code., Book II, Rule VII,- Sei;. 4).
...· .· . . prevent curtailment . · employment . .
30 I ·20~9 SAN BEOA LAW CENTRALIZED .BAR O~ERA TIONS
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· .opportunities: AND. . \JV.hen .. ·~ employment · : : .does not cr.eate unfair . cqmpetition
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Law does· not provide At least fifteen (1.5) ,years for . . qualification . or of age; . . . . learners Possess vocc;itional aptit~de. and capadty'.'ior appropriate test;. ·.. ' · Possess · · -th:e .· · 13biiity to . comprehend;·.and :'follow writtE!n instructions; .(Ait. .59)c . Ph'ysic;:ally··,.:m . for . the occupation ·
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Those earning Those. sJffering · ·fro'm capacity is'ilT!paired by res_triction ·. or diff~rent age or physical or 9isabilities; .as a· r¢sult of a mental deficiem:::y' or inent;,il.phy~1¢al or jnjury, dis·ease, . oi' senso'ry irnpalrmerj~. ·. .to ill1:1e'ss.. . perform ari 'actiyity in th.e ·mann~r or withi_(l the range conside_i;e9 normal for human being.
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(1 AZUCENA, supra·ai 155). . . •· . : . · .; ~~:,;:} . l~p~irment is 'any joss, dimin4tion.or aberration of Note.: Learnership and appr~~ticesh1~ are Slf!)l~~f,,;-,.,!.\ psychological, physloloqlcator anatomical structure. because th_ey bothmean tra1mng periods for JH.P,~,t::·~~.~ or function (R.A.•No. 7277 esemended, Sec. 4(b)). reguiriilg skjlls that can be acquired :through"aq_tti~l~
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,., · Qu~llfled. l,:tdi'l,'.idual ~ith Di;ablllty j~. a,n 'i~dividuai .· with a. disability who, with. or witliol:it reason,able acc·ommodatlons,.. Cafl perform.. th_e··, -~~§~fl.tia.f,,.. functions cif ·the· employment· positic,n ·. tt:i.ar· ~uc;:_~~! ;'::< · individual holds · or desires. (R.A. · NQi . 1i/!T 11.~;·;\t~
Persons with . bisabiiitles (PWDs) are . those . ' SUfferfng''Jrom' restriction . or different abiliti~s, c!S. a ,' resu'lto( a. rr.ienfal, _physical or sensory imp_ai,:m~nt, to pertor1T1 an activity in tt)e· manner or ~l~ln the. · range.'c'onsider:ed 'normal for ·a human _bemg. (R.A. No. 7277,...E>ec. 2).. · ·
amended, Sec. 4(1)). .
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. LAB.O.R ST.ANDAR.DS · SAN OEDA LAW CENTRALIZED8.AR OPERATIONS .:·MEMORY Al/? 2019
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Note.: Considerc;1ti.on shall be given to.t.h~ employer's judgment as.to what functions of a jQb ar~ essential. If .an employer has prepare~ a· written . description . before advertising or int~rviewihg:applicants for the job,-this de~~r_iption shall be:corisiderec;i as evidence of the essentfal functions of lhe job.(R./t .No: .7277. as amended,.Sec. 4(1)). . -· · ·
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Persons with disabilities sh~II be el,igible as .apprentlcee . or learners: provided, that their handicap-is not as much asto effectively impede the performance· of job operations . in the particular occupation for which they are· hired;. -Provlded, further, that. after the· tepse of the. period of apprenticeship, if found satisfactoryln the job performance, they shall be eligible for employment (R.A No. 1277.as amended, Sec;.'
ARTfCLE SO: · EMPLO'(MEN,: · AGREEI\IIEtff CQNTE:NT~ . . . . . 5). . Gontents of. Employm.imt . · Agreement= · of . , . handicapped'workers; (NR-ND)· · ·, :· ·. 3. N9n-Dis~riminc1tiori on Employmen( f' TheNames and addressesof toe employer and · ·. No entity, whether. public· or . prfvate.. shall the h°'iirid(capped worker; . . discrlmlnate a!!Jainst s;I qualified.disabled person The Rate of pay of the handicapped· worker _ . b_y: .reason .of . disability in ·regard .· to the job ·. 'whtch~hall not· be lessthan the legal rnlnimum · · .. appucation procedures, the hiring, promotion, or . wage; . . . . . . : discharge . :' of . . employees, • employee ·3, ,The Nature of tlie(work tobe performed by the compensation, job training, ahd other terms, · handicapped person; and. . . ;. . . · · . ~·-""~;-;.;=--...::,;cciriditiQf!S,and .privileges.of.employment (RA · 4 .. The·. Quration ..of .. the e.mployme~! .. 1 _-1- ;\ Sec. ~2/ · . . .. · '(JODEE, Art'. [JO). ·. . . · . · ,,j!:':_ · ~, \\.._.; j . \ . _'N~::,Z~77.?sam·ended, tf i.,. ·,-.,._ · , . . . . • . . •• · . . -, .
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Employmenr .. agreement ::shal!,,,.fb.e to . · . · '4:~;~WJ9,;.~l)..all1mpl.ementmeasures·pr.oviding i.nspec!!on by · tt,e· Se'?re~ary. d.ffL§l:l~i.oji~h.~,.,eufr=;ii_..,,~a.0,,~~~~lu'attn~r . vocatlo~al gujdanc~·.. and · · au_thonzed repre.sentabve.(/R~{o_t;;~~q~o~,Boq~ ,~., co.u~s~h{'Q,.:Jl'.?)1,.n.able. d1s~~le~ . persons .• to II, Ru[e VII(, Sec. Jr. Jjl~ A~. s~~~f.~·. ~t~'lf!. cm~ a~an~~ .m. eml?lo.~.e~t It . 1. . // • • __ • _.--~~allA en.sll[.(jli)\ava1lab~hty: and =t~13,1n.lng -ot Proof for Entitlement to Piivilege,~· · t'° . coun.selors~:and __ptoer ·.Suttably qllahfied staff The following are re.quire .to:i>~.submitled:""~"'-· l'Ji)g,"t'esp/msif:!le ~iottb~ vocational · gui9a'nce -and 1. 1.de'ntification··card iss e!=J.,.-sf the. ri\~yor (;_~~ \J'B,'co.u,rs·elingJk!isjw,0. persons:(R.A.No. 72!7 barangay · captain whe~~\f4'n~:~is115f~J\persqh~-:::,-.,2" as pf}jji]?l'deqJ S{3c: 1.1 'd . \ . 11 -,,,Ci~, ;1 !-,!; ,, I res,_ es; . · .. ,,.. :?.:, '-~· :::mi I 1 '!1'lt /'15':"' If·~"}) . · . · · · · 2. 'Passport; or · .. · · , \\V : \ ... CJo_~_'\!wirul-: 4,:5~: .. «s~dPP.Ortun~~for Erriploym~~t .. 3. Transportation discounf1:~fai:~ . !D iss~~ ·' ~b$':'.t'· -..:s,:.~-~b,.;d'isabiifd pers ·. n shall. be denied acce~s to Natit?,n.al ,Coun~I for the :~elfar~gf· D!sff:j~,J~~~.'pp~~ities Jo~_ uitabl~ em,ploY;ment._ Qualified . Persons (NCWDR) (f!..A: No~~77'fl~c!JJ1~Qod1ed person (RA. No. 7~7.7as am.ende,~, 1, - Vocational ,Behab1hJat1on . .. . : . . . . . Sec. 5). · · ·· Consist~lit with principie of ~qual oppo.rtunjty · . . · .for disable.d workers :anc;:I workers in. gen13ral; fhi3 6. ~heJtered Empl9ym~~f .' . . . . .: · State . shall · ·take 'the· appro"J:iriate . vocational · If' suitable·, emploY.m.ent ,fot ·. disabled . :persons . rehab'flitation. measu'res thal .. stiall serv.e to . cannot .be fol,lild: thr~ugh. o·p~ti ~mpl~yn,~nt, the develop '•the .skills 'and'"pQ,tentials ·pt 'dis.~bled. . . State shall. endeavor to prpvide it bY m~ans' of .persoris.EI.Od ehable:lhem t9 com~te.favor~b_ly sheltered. employ'01ent .(R:A:: No.. 7277· as· . .for ·,avi:j(lable. productive and .. remunerative. amer;,ded, Sec. . eniploymeht. opporh.initi~s: in the' !abbr market ;., .'S-helter~d.Eri:lp!oyme-~t refers t~ th~'provi~ion of . (R.'A. No. ]2?7.'as amendec{ Se~; 9).. · . - · . .. . . . .:. :. : · · · .pro_ductive·wbrk tor. di~·abiec(persons .throu·gt:i, 2: Eligibility·f~r 8pprenticeshi.p . . . . W.qrkshop's· prbvidihg .· sp.~cial' facilities, incorrieHandicappecf. w9rker$ .2fre · ..eligible· · ·=tor . producing P!Oject~ or h9ma_wot!< schem'es with a ·.. e'niployment..-as apprentices or learn'e,:s if'their . . .. , ·view .of giving the~·the·opportlinity to. earn .a· :handicap:is not such as to effectively impedtf the . . livir_i~ thus en.abl)ng:them' to acquire: a worl<jng' .. Jjerformance. of job operations in the particular . capacity, requjre~ in o~n.:lhdusfry (R.~. No.· · · trade or occupaUon; which i's the $ubjecf a(the . 727..7 as amen~ed, S{3c•.. 4(i)). · " · .~pprenticeship 9r fearne'iship program (LABO.R COOE~ Art.· [}1). . . '
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32 I 26is SAN SEDA tAW, CENTRALIZED BA~ OPERATIONS
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LA.BOR STAN:D·AR:D·s· SAN BEDA !AW CtNTRALiZED"l1AR OPERATIONS.-.MEMORY·AJO201.9
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Hi¥¥¥4ieii . Not~: . No individual,. group,. or community shall execute any of these'acts of ridicule against persons' ' with disability in 'any time and place which- could intimidate or resuit ln lossof self-esteem of the. latter (R.A. No. 7-277as amended, Sec 40). ·. · .
. F · 'Acts of Dlscrlmlnation: (LQRe.~-Less~Non-FDEx) ~i-· , 1 .. ,bimiting; · segregating or classi(ying a disabled l;;- .
job applicant in such a manner. that adversely affects hiswork opportunities: · · · · "':· 2. Using gu_alifi<;;ationstandards, employment tests or otherselectlon crlteriathat screen out or tend· Vilification shall be defined as: to screen out. a disabled person. unless such standards, tests or other. selection criteria are 1 . The utterance of ·slanderous· ahd abusive stafe~ents against a person. 'h'.it~. (li!;,ability; 'shown to be' job retated tor "the posltion on -and/or: · · · · · ·-queslion ... 'and are · 'conslsfent with·. business necessity; . · , · · :· · · 2, An activity ·in public . .wh.ich:- incites :hatred. . towards, se'rjo"uscontempt for,-0r severe' ridicule . 3. · Re-a~s1g·ning· transfernrrq a disabled t.f:_. . ·employee to a job· or position he cannot perform .' of_ persons._with diij~bilitY. (R.A.. No. 727,7· · ~; · · ·· by reason .of h1s disabillty; . · . .. · . • · . . . _·am(:!n<;:ied, Sec .. 41).. ' . · -~ . · ~·. ·utili~i~g . .§.t_ancjards·. cnterla.. or · methods of ~- . · ·. admlnlstrajlon that: '. -; · . · · No_te: Any indiyi~ual, group, or comrnunity is hereby tY< a. Have the effect' of discrimination· on the .prombited · from vilify(n.g. any person ·.with ·disability, . which could resutt into· loss: ot.selt-esteem of the b:--"_ basis of disability; or. ~erpetya!e'th~·dlscriminatibn of others ~ho .. latter (RA No. 7-27713!S amended, Sec. 42). f}:t; . · , : are·. _·su_bJeCt to co,:nmon . adrntnlstratlve.,-./.;·;'> . • . . ._ <:.o~trol; .• ·. · ·. . · · . · ~6,<}:( lncen~iv1:s for ~~ployers ·, ~;.. 5. Providing_ Les~ c~mpensatl_or.i, s~ch. as saJ~pi./=,tt.) ·1.: P_nva~~._entities ', that employ· ~~rson~ . with wag~ or other' forms of remuneration and ~nrig_e"·'H_,_,,, . dlsabilitles. INl':lO meet . the required ..skills : or ben~fit~; t~· ~ .9~a!i!ied_ disabled employee~~pt;_:::~;;;!_.,,o/"'~S:ua_lifl~N~ris,.elther . as· re'gula_r .employee, >f . . . reason o_f ~1s d1sab1h,tr, than the ai:11ount t~,l:\1~.1"11~.!i~s'.!PP.~~~~J~~ ·or le_~rner,. shall ~e .e,_:it1tle? to :an ~(..a· no~~dlS~bled_. perSO[l pe.rformin~:~~-•·.s~nieV fJ acld!tie~~~\.deductlo~ frpm _their gross inc._ome, ~"- .werk 1s entitled; · ::,,,}-" /L..}1 eqwvalef.ifho25% of the total amount paid as Fa~o~ing. Nori~di~~blefJ.. em_pl~~~\ ov~r sal;,!rief~r,aw~ges~o Persomf°with Oi!;iabilities·. qualf!ie?. .disa~le_d. ei:nplciye.e,~itJl\~~~:el·,t? . 1y ·· _i . ( .\ .. ,· ,· · . ·· ( .... prom~t10~, tra1rnng o_PP1lt1e.s·, sJaey->'an.~.... Pro~;_a.~~ .h~w.f:!ver, t_ha~ such ennttes· pres~nt ~· sch?l.ars~1p:·~.:ants,. sole!f.~951· ac.c;:~Wf.lt"of, t.h~"""p~~~ ~s lt:_rt1~~db~ DC;>LE that E.erson~ with .:.la~~r'.s.d!sab1hty;. .' .. \sf '-""_,;if'.,i.;':j}i :\~· .:.{£,~ _ d1~r~t~~ff~·~I~®"°c!er the1r:_e.mploy._ ·. :· ·.. t;;· 7. · fa1lmg to SE;llect or ad,n1111s,t~r IIJ~85e,ffeatN.~1. 1~'{ .' · .. :"--'..;.-;?._~~~,._re . . .. · . R:: ma.nn:er . empl~yment tests ~-wl)LeJ};-"a~~urately _ .· ltl.. 'Provided,.. further. that the dfsabled=.~ll'lPloyee -r~flect the sk1!1~, a·ptitl!de er ot'fier,,,!a919~~lof ttfE!l · ~~;~ 1··: :is_ ac~~edJter, spe_ak1ng s~1!Js of-~;1~.1:1ch · 2. . ~nvate· ·~n!il1es · that .i_rnprove. (?T · modify their . ? · · · . . applicant or employee; if.any; . · ·pJiysieal faqilities in order to provide· reasonable 8: . .'Qis~i~sng·. -or 'te"rrriinatir;ig<. fhe.. services~ o~ :_a· . ~c~ommci9atiori. for persqns with. "dis~l:?iliti~s disabled ·employee ·by rea~l'.m· _of his .dis.ability ~hall also be .entitled to an additional .dE)dU~tion :, : vrifess the employer .can prov.ethat h~ impairs . from theirn~t taxable income, equivalent to 50°/o . r· the-saf_isfadQ'ry·~rfonnance'pf the woi:k·involve . of. the direct. costs .of th~' l_mp,i-oyemer:,ts. or . .to :_th~·, preju_di_ce of Jhe business .. entities;-· ·.. modifications (R:A.J\Jo-. 7?.,77 as.armmde.d,._Sec.· . provided;_· l)o_we:v~r; . Th.~t the. employer ·first: . · BJ. '. . . . , . S~\Jg~t provide· reas'O(lal:?le acce>mmo~atJolis 'fot . · . .. . ·disabled·P.·E)rsons;~and. . .: · : . . .. · Othe_r P.rhtlleges~~nthnc~n.tivei:"': . ··. ,: . _g;:. Excluding.disa.b.led p_erson·sfrom m~rnbership in 1. To ~ersoris Yi.lth-Di~ability: {20-C~Esf : · l;::ibor .unions or. similar organizatiqn (R.A.. No. . ..a .. At. least .. twenty .'{20)!'/o·. discouAt.~o·r . the · · 72n a.s a·mended,"Sec. 32).. · ' '. . . . . . · exclusiVe. us·e or:enjoyntent of persons With. · . · ' · . ' . . . . · · disability from:· (HAD·Me2) . , . ' . Prohibltlo~s · on Verbal · or. ~on-Verbal Ridicule . 1. .. !:!,olel · and . similpr··. lodging services, · a·nd Vilification agains(Persons·vvlth'Disabllity. restaµrants pnd recreation centers;-.. · · Pub.He"Ridicule shall be defined as an a.ct of rriaking ii. ~dmission fe'es frorri t),eater, Cinema •. . fun"or contemptuous imitating or.mak1ng mockery.of .· concert halls and ·ot~er pl.ace of culture; p'ersons wit~.. di~~bility. ~h,ether", in ~iti.ng;_ ·_or '•ir-i. : . lei~ure and ~musement; . ,.wcm:ls,or ;n Pelion dl..!1:1. fo theJr irripctirrrienvs· (R.A ·· · iii. .Qom~stic. air and .$ea.. traveJ.. public No. 7277''as·amencled, · failways,_skyways and busfares; · . . $e&4b)~... ·
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·.. 2019"SAN SEDA f..AW CENTRALIZEDBAR·QPERA TIONS
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SAN BED/1 LAWCENTRAllZED BAR OPERATIONS_- MEMORY AID 2019.
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Iv.. Purchase of.Medicines in all drugstores; · v. Medical and dental.. services in all · · · government ·~aclllties, and·.. private - hospitals and ··ine~ical_ facili~ies (Including professional:fees of:-doct9rs). subject to DOH and. -PHILt"JEALTH guidelines; . . . . ·. . . . . .. b. · Continuance of. the SSS, GSIS:and PAG.
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WC>RK'.JNG·. CONDi°TIONS AND REST .
· . . -' ·· BenEifit~ Grailted"fn Title.One, Bp~k Ill:·· Educational assistance, -as well- as 1Reg3-WOlll"-CASS) ·. . ,-vocational.·or technical education, in pu~lic.. t. Right._to Regular wmking hours: ·-a·nd··private -schools througti .schbla~ships,. . ·.:z. Rfght to."REl°gular_working daysr ···grants, financlal 'aids and other Jricentiv~s·; ·3.... Rig hf to. Regulc1r meal periods; ·including ·· support: jor books, learning 4. .Right to. Weekly r.est periods:' : 'rnaterlal.and uniform allowance; ' 5.. Righdo.'overtime~work pa¥; . d, Provision of .§xpress:1~nes jn.aucomrnerclat. ·6."-: Rigl:Jfto -~.ibht~shift·differential pay;· .and governi:,;entestabllshments; in absence · 7. Right-to .Qor.riperisa~ion for hollday work; · · ·.thereo~. p~iority.sha~I be_giy~.n tothem; and· .: . ~- Right to.eiddltional compensation on scheduled e. .§pec!al dtscoui:,~ ·-1n_·.~pec1a.1 _pr9graT.~R-':2~-·"-,.":-°"l<>.:,::t_~stday, Sunday or spectal holiday work;· purchase-of basic comm0d1t(es -~..P~Ct.1o.1LJ 9., ...-'Ri~l'it~o-§ervicelncentlvs leave; and, _ on and DA guidelines (R:~Nr-:,. · 72~as.~ J.,10}.Ft}g~f(ffil\..a §hare i.n.. tl)fl c9l.le_cted _service . emended, ~ec. ~2). · _. .
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Note:. The. privile~~s m':'y ~@f_J.me9i:,1f..1.he~ cbV.£~1SE.0.F..'~'(ORS.TANDARD~ ~W . person With disab1t1ty clatl'T}f-~'9f'~r,)cfi~(o\Jnt -~~ "1[(:-.N:1183~!;).t'fp°@ h!Rurs ofwofk. . · maY. ·_be· granted . by thf).c.f_ .c_Q~rn~rci~1 · ,i~·Art. 84. Hq!Jr$·}:;'~t~ed· . . · establishment and/or". until~ oth:r; e~1st~~~~~~ ~ 5. Me'~lt~r-i_o'tj_i, . .: . . orin combinatlon with f~~di·f~oul'"!~Prqg~a~ 6. Nigfih:;.h!tt\cfjlfe_r~ntial : . ·. . . .. (RA No. 7277 as ?metcle'dr:S.c•. ;32).~_ ~-:4} ~ ~,~·Art.. ? . overt1tnel-'or-k · · : .. · .. · · · · · ,. ··. ' ·. ' P. ~ · · · · . . · · !,7_ 1 ~~ Artf~;a:..!,)nd~rti~ iot offset.by oyer:t1me · 2: To· · .. Jndiv1~ual_s '. ?(~ .~9~ .. rien_t~Ir . . , i:nerR.~.~.gYfi>verti.in~. ':fOtk_ . .. . . · l!'stitutioF1s estabh.sh~•l'l~t't1pl#~s, {p~!J; 111f9€Y. C~~p!'.Jta.t19,no~ additional compe~sat1on. Commuliiti~s .or Retir~rnenf '(~lr~g~~bJf_lY..'ii.~~~~"" . R~h~ to :~rekly rest day . _... ·
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a. -~ealtY· tax ,!:!ohcfay .f;;\~e first Comeens_ation for.RE:st_day, Sunday or . - operation; and . .• ·'\,. . · .l'.n,~~6Jjday;WCJi1'.: , . . .. · . b. Prio~ity. in_- building_ ~nd/.or.,Yn,_~_1A!~f5~of-~~12 1 .. -~-~fo1tl3i~h~t<;> ~?l~ay· p~Y . . . . 1... . . · ·. · .. prov1_nc1al or rnurnc1pal· Boad~~&l~J!:to pi~~1:~53""Right!O·S~rv1pe 11:1centJve_leave · ·· .. , . s'ald··~omes. (R,A. "fyo. 7.2!7. as·:ai!le~~Jlff:"96· .. Se"(ice._c_h~rges. . ,. · Sec. 33): ·. · .. , .. ·. ·. -:. , . · : · · ...... · .. , ... ·.: ·: .. ·· ..... . ARTICLE · ·.; · ·. 81: . ... . E:Li~IBILiTY · ·'FOR
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.Handicappe(! .WorkE!!rS ·may·be_ hirecfas ·aP.f>rerJtices or .learners if- th~ir habdicaJ? is· not ~uch as. t,o . . effEictively°imped_ethe performance O,f job Ol)erati?.nS · in -the partfcu!~r. oGqupalions'for .which:.they are hired · ... ,-(LA:BOR_(;ODE, Ait."81j. ··_ . ·_'. .· . . · . . . . . ·.· . . . ·... .
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. ~m"pf~"yee is ~-nY. -~~~~ ~~o perfci~~- ~e~ic.es:for . . an- erriplbyer )n. which:. either or _qpth . ~ental _.and . : physJcal :efforts .. ar.e · usad . an~ who -receives .. !?Orn p.ensatfon '. ~or..., s_~ch ~~i:vi.~~-s•. wh~re. there 1s empl_ciyer:-emp!oyee f13l1;1t1on_sh1p (R.A._. No., 8_28?, · sec. -B(dJJ. .. ,.. , , ·. , .. l;mpl~yee ind~del?,~ (DiCE) ..: ." . . '. ·1. One who;has be.en Disn;iissed rcC?.m.wor_k but the ·legality df the ~isinlssai is being cohtested in _a forum of appropriate jurisdiction .(D.0. No. 40:· 03, M,arch15, 2003); ''· ·
34 I ·~019 SAN BEpA LAW,~6.NTRALIZ~D
BAR OPERATIONS
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S.TAN.DARDS
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Any ·individual whose work has _g_eased as a result of or In connection with an/current labor dispute or because. of any unfair labor practice if .tie· has not: obtained any · other subsiantially . equivalent and regular employment, and . Any . person In the . .!;.mploy· of · an employer {LABO~ CODE, Art. J19(f)). · . . ~ , ,·
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extent of control the hirer exercises over a worker. · The greater the· supervlslon and control tha-hlrer exercises. the more. likely the worker is deemed an .employse. The converse holds true as well-the less· control the hirer exercises, the rnore-liketythe worker is considered an Independent contractor {Sonze v-. ABS-CBN Broadcasting corp., G.R. No. 138051, .. June 10,_2004)., . · ·
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mere" facf that an enti~y. is .a labor union do~s not mean that it.cannot be consldered.an employer of the persons whowork for it"(Bautista v-Jnci6ng, G.R . . No, L~52824/Marcll"16,·1988). . . . . . ·. ..". . .
The control test merely calls for the existence of'tha · · right 'to controlthe manner of doinl;Hhe work:, not" the· actual exercise of the right (Zano'ft~ Shoes v_ · NLRC, G.R. No. 10066~,--February,1-3_;· {995): . -
Even .an unregistered .assoctatlon may be deemetl. ah employer (Orlan<;JO:FatmsG_rowets-Associaf(<;Jhv. . NLRC;. C:i.R November 28, . .-. No. 129076,. .: 1998).: ·
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,,. : .. ~l~~-e~~-~f ~mplpy~r~E~p;oy~e;~~;~if~~itVJ;'. ~7;~~~/:~~:~r;~~eh~q~~~~i~u::~~~~~~0:n:~~ ·. ~::. . F<>lJr~_Fold.. Test (SeP_a:OisCo):· _-. \.\ ./- : ")~ . . . . ··)!;.,_1.,,.,..tppt·line of__ bu<siness (Francisco y. 'NLRC, G.R_.·No: 1. -§.e_le<:_tion:_anct en_gagement of the ,t;r.l~toye~:.:...,,.-r,y·'·, •.,.;:::;Y'P~~?.:.~,;1.Y..Pusp1,.?oo6J: · ,. · , ·.·... .. : , 2, Paymel'.)tof wa·ges; . · ·· · · 'f'l · -<"~,';';.,.--JJ!.t.\,t.!;_:-<-i·--·•-:--'"' : . . , ~·:_ ·:·~·-· :_Pow.er of ~ismissal; and · · .. .·Two-tiered ApprQact): ... . .. ~ . 4._ .power-·.. to·-: · Control· . (Pacif.tc :QfJ'(i~t!~tants 1. ,'.The . putative· el'"!lployer's power to. control t,.. : · !pter.nati9·n~I_Asia; -Inc,. v.. SchonfelcJ,/G.R.No.· . · . e_mploye~ w!th · resp_e·<;:t to·· -the.: 'means anq·· ~:. -166920",'_February19,.20.071: ...:-· · methoqs. _by . , ~hich. · th.e .~ork )s · .to b"e· , ~;· · ·· .. ·· accomplished;.and - · ..... · . · · ,· ... t . -No.te: rb~~e ha~.b~~n no.-uoitor~ t~st to· deter.mine 2.; i:t-ie_ 1,Jndertying economic-realities of the.activity_ . . the exist~nc;e of an employer...:Smployee relationship. :· or- relatio!')ship (Francisco. v. :NLRC,.... G:R:. No. . The ~fQiJ(~folcl", test·. may_ ~e regarded· the .170087, Augµst 31; 2006). traditionar or .convefltional:-tl;}sf-·of.:~h.e employment. ., . '· . question. i3.ut .iJ n6t the sole'"test ·1J1ere IS tt,e need"" . Note·: The determinatio"n .of the relat\onshlp between . ·.to· consider the existing ·conditions· between .the .. ~niployet .. antj. emp!oyee .. qep_ends· upon· the . parties,· .in· addition to tlie rig'ht-of7°Ccintrplelement ·circum~t~hces_ Of t~e _wh~I~ ·economic a~tivity, Sl!Ch ·"'· · :(S.et1illa-v:'CA,.G.~. Not L-!11182-3, April 1.p, .1-9_$.8}. as: .. , . . . , . ·. 1: . "The exterit .to· which the ..services·performed are· ari.. integral.part of the" erriploye_r·~ business; . C.~niiO'I T~~t · . . . · : . ·2. The· extent · of · the worker's. investment iri . ..Refe_rs to. fhe ~mploy.er's:power·to:-cor)trol. qr. right to-: ·. ~qu.ipment and facilities; . . .. . . . .. ' . . . '· con{rol the employee not only as to. the result Qf the· 3. . "Ttie nature· and . degree of c9ntrol exercised by . work to:"be· done- but .also .as to the me~ns and "the employer; · · . met.hods by which the satne is: to· be a"ccomplfshed. 4. · .The work,er's·opportunity for profit and losi;· . C~l)l~OI ·t~·$;..is. mo~.t"-- i~porta·~~- t~st our. 5. Th·e amount of. initiativ.e, . skill, judgment or foresight required "tor the success of the daimed co.urts a.pply i!" · ~istinguishir:ig· an: en:,ployee from .ari . independ~nt enterprise; · . · · ir:idependent" ~·ntractor. -This test. is. bas"ed _on the
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2019 SAN SEDA LAW.CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS ~ 35
LABOR . ST AN·DARDS SAN B~OA tAW CENTRAlltED BAR OPEflATiONS. - MEMORY.AID. 2019
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6. :The permanency and duration of the relationship betweeh the worker and the employer; and 7. The _degree of dependency of the worker upon · the employer for his co[ltinued employment in that line of business (Francisco·V: NLRC, C:;.R. · · ·No. 17Q087,Augu~t.3·1. 2006). · ·
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1~. Paki~o wor_kers (Za{J1udio v, NLRC; G.R. No. 76723, March 25, 19.90); anp. 14. Truck drivers (Sy_. v, CA, -G.R. No. 142493, February 27, 2003)_. .
· Cases where. thQf~ Is ···no· E:rriployer-Employ~e Relatlonshlp: · 1. .Farm workers are not empleyees of the· sugar 1;:xi$t~nceof Errtployer-Empi,p:yee Relationship central ·(Pondor; v. f,ILRC, .G.R. No. 116347, Existen·ce. of .employer-employee relati61.1ship· is October3; 1996); · . determiried,-by law, not by contr;;:ict. Hence, even if·. 2: Caddies . are not employees of the golf -club the..parties call.their contraet,a "Contract of Lease of· ": (Manila Golf·& Country ·qtub -v. /AC; G.R. Ne. · 'Service"; ."the fac:tual existence of. an Er~Ee _; 64948 Septerrtf;?er?7, 1-994); . · . · 'relatio'nship' -~ti!I prevail_:(1 AZUCENA, ·supra _at ·· .· 198):· . . . 3. Qqll_ecting.age.ilts on 'comrnisslon basis (Singer S~wing Machine _Company v, Drilon, ·-G:R. : No; ·E~idence of Employment ·. . : ·· · .91"307, Januf:!r.y.24.1991); .:: . .. . · No particular form .of evidence is required to .prove · .4.. Shoeshin·e boys. (E:Jesa v.. Trejeno, G.F?,. No. ithe existence of Er-Ee relationship.'Any competent . 72409,. December 29,.198f;); ~ ,, . . and relevant ~vide_~ce "to prove the relationship m~~="="-==A..Jnd_eJ?enden!-:~ontrac;tors . sel)ing ~oft · drinks · ~e admitted ,(1' AZUCENA, supra at 195). ~:r_,,.,,.~ l · T 1\, -~fi.nao" Fr<Jdmg Corp. v. ()pie,. G.R. N_o. L- · J'\/3.f79ll}:"4ar~h.25, 1976);.. : · · : ..... · : Cas~s -.Where ·i:;mployer-Employe1:.-~Ja_t1C?.fl~}..P:"=·"...:..~.;_5{om_ pi1_§S~ salesman (_'A?a?te,Jr. v, t.emearid Exists_:· . . . . /,./' _ .\,../,#--·: · ""B~riflg·§i.\7F}~qsCorporation, G.R: No. ~!59.890, 1. Jeepney a rivers on ·boundaty. ba~~:J..vi11cJJ(Jaria~t=-,,J4t!Y~~tl@O,t . · ·. 1}:..-~ ·. .. ·· · · v. CA, G.R. No. 165881, fl./rJ.t}!\2,006')( )TI)
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collective bargaining) · (National Sugar Refineries . Corp.' v. NLRC, . G.R. No. 101761, .Msrcn 24, '1993) .:
G.overnment'Employees Refer· to employees Cif 1;1ove.rnment . ·agencies; instrumentalities, or: political subdlvlslcns and· of government' corporations thal are not incorporated . . under the Corporatlon Code, (i.e., ,.those which have . · . original charters). 1he terms and conditions of thetr. · · . employment are _governed. l;ly Civil· Service Law, . rulesarid regulati9ns (1 A_ZU<;;ENA, s'Upra ai 217).. ·
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One whose primary duty One'who· is. vested wlthl' consists ... · of -, the· powers" or. prerogatives mariaqernent of t.f1e to lay down arid execute .est1:1blishniE:nt in.· which management · · pollcles they ar.e· em.ployed pr .of andzor to 'hire,: transfer, a ... ··department··. Or ·SUSP.end, lc;!Y,-Off, recall, subdivision· thereof .and dlscharqe, 'asslqn · or to other members of the· di$cipline -.employees· rnanaqerlal staff · .. , · (LABO.R cobs.x« 2.12 (LABOR COQE, Art. 82). {m)). .. ·· · .•~..,~·.. . , ~·,M~· .
Managerial !:inploye.~s . Alter egqs of their employerswho·meet the.tallowing c6'nditions~: . · · .. . ·.. . . · . ·. · ·1. Jheir primary d4ty consists of the manaqernent · of the establlshrnent.ln which tl}e:y are employed or of 1:1· department or subdlvlslort thereof; . ~ They customarily and r.egutarl¥ dir~ct the worl<,,8f.r)i( ·.., :·.. \-:r;~ '. : .. •. !>, ... . two. or more employees therein; and· s ·· · · d ·d 1•. :,·h::!'{ 3, ·. They have. the authority to hire or· fire ojnet'(;-':':\'.rt upervisors are ~.eme 0 employees of lower rank; 'or their·sµggesti?f1~ ;· :·'"A ·!'Tlerhb.e~ t~e · and recommendation_s as to .the hi~i.ng and Jci'ci~,, r, ?a~~gen~l7Y .staff. ~n.d as to. the promotion ·<;>r any other ,S;~;;ige of•/J J.~!.!}{f,f/03....:-;~ · Sugar · · status of other employees .are give~particular..r.. ·11(."""· i · ~efinenes . r C9,:p, V:
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•, .. Note:. An ·employe~ whose ,job i.s to supe1:1Jise the . . laborer.s i!l the. eor:istruction proj!39t fall~ squarely· . under the · category· of. "officers.. or· memhers of a ·. managerial st~ff''.·and is exempted from p'aymenl' of .. ,overtime pay, premium· pay .for ·holidays. and rest days aod..servfce incen~ive. le'ave pay (S.alazar·v: NlR.C, G..R. No. '109210,(April17;.1996).
2019.SAN BEDA LAW .CENTRALIZEP BAR OP!=RATIONS .
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considered field .personn.e.1 · (Auto})µ~ 'Transport . Systems. Inc. v. Bautista, G.R.'No: 156367, fyfay 16, 2005). . .
.Domestl~·Help~rs/ Persons Renderjng Pers.ona) Services . ·· 'fhey are. those-who: . . . . . 1. .Perform 'Ser'vlces in the ernployer'\5 home which. : are usually riecessary··and desirable for ttie m aintenarice or. en)oyment thereof; :or 2. Minis.ter io. the personal comfort, convenience or · safety of the emplqyer, ·as well as tt,·e. memberi, bf 'the· e'rnj:>loyer'(:l tfousehold ··(/RR of LABOR.· G,Op~ .8091< Ill, Rule 1/~~c-: 2{d)).. ··. · . · : .
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· Not cc;iverEid by this title becaus.e the ·.terms and· : . conditions of emp.19-yment. are. gqverned· by the' · pr.ovisious.of R.A. N6 .. ·10361: (otherwise· known . a_s Bci!.tf!~ ~asambahay)... · . . . . . . · .· . ·.
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. Workers Paid b; R.es~lt: ·. :ARTICLE 83:);,,0R:MA.LHOURSOF WORK .• . ft\l;ly are: those whose work ls not measured .in The normal hours.of-work of anemployeeshall not. accordance.with the time they spent to complete the. exceed :eight (8) hours a. day. · · . . wci_r_k._,Jhe tlrne .element, in f~~t, is not-a _gi,s1tefii'\f~-,,,,~~·. · . · : consideratlori. Such work is measured ejth'er: ~~ !l REf~·sops~.,,_ · s . • . • • 1: _'13y pfece; .or. ,. · . . . .· ,/~ -(~~ -'"'~--...:!::..)J T,p s~fe,~Jt:t~rd · the health an~ welfare -~f the 2: By task (1 AZU9ENA, supra al'A5)~,j~ .,~-= · -~.,bo~r:'a.'l~~ : . . ·... .. 'v/:;-:fr'. .,.....,..._~.:.=..J~-'rtl.t~![tllf~·,.l~~~m~Loyment by ut1hzrng different Note:_ Workers ..paid by. resuJJs...~~o.~1in,e~d.. ·sh1~s"'(Mar'!€t.Jfe{mm'al Co., Inc. v. CIR, G.R. No. performance .are.supery1sedJ5{",.\tJ,'?Pmf>tpYer ~If) L:4l4$~[i{y,'}1·~··'-~.52) .. · . ... :· · : . ,: entitled· to· the. ~enefits of .Jiµe .09,e. E;'lq,o~· I.II .U..1, · •• \ti!;;'"'.. \\ ·.' · ·. . · . AZUCEN~, SuP_ra at 3~6) .. · ff J>~_;);'""?·r,_ : i W._o\~!;Ja)'1f-~aler,i~ar. l?ay.
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Rule m Case o[F.1shermen . . ·. ""':..,.., ··F-1sh...~rmen :.. ·.are'···..no 1t ..·fi"ld ·· · .. · ·, ., .· altho .. 5).. 1e personne ...... ug h.th . ey · ·· · . (IRRofLa.borC<X/e,Bookl/J,Rule.l-A,Sec . · , · . ·: perform.n9n~.;igric.uit1.1ralV,'.brk aw~Y:from . p.<:\ rt ..Ti1m~: · · .. ot I< , ' .· .. . . . • . . ..• . . . petitjoner's . , . . . . . business· offices;- the.Jacr remains .that.throughmit ·. Tbe ~ight-':Hovr Lab.or J.,,3w:preseriqes the.maximum the duratlori of ttieir wotk they' are under th'e'effective btil IJOl the rriinimu·rn.Therefor~. pa'rt~time·work, or. a, . control ·and. supervision. ·of':employe'r:. However, · dats work 'Of less ·than efght (8}° hours is···na.f · under the 'philippihe···Pis.heries·.co~e-'of.1998,. prohibited(1AZUCENA,stjpra'at.5wr: '.:: .. .fishermen are· cbn~idered·fie!d· personnel (Mercidar FishiQ.g Corp. v; NLRC, G.R. Nq. 1'12574; October{J, ·. Note:. 'fhe EightsH01,1r Lat?6r J.aw has application 19f).8)': . ·. : . . . . .. · · · ·. . ·. .. : . · . 'ta, th"e :outside service fore~-or field sales persqnnel '• and 'they a're noi entitled tc(dvertime compensation :Rule.ir1~ase ~fDriv~~slB.~s ~<mduct.~rs .. · ... . since ..their employeJ h;:i&. no·· Way' of knowiri'g· the . · It is of juclicial. notfo!3 that along -the ·:rcmtes that are ·number'of- hourr(tf:i.e 91JlP.k>yee works ,qay (San p)ied .- ..by bl,ls .companies, . there· are . inspectms · · ·.;. Miguel Brewery v. Oem9r;ratic. Labor 'Union, G.R, ·· assigned in . strategic'' place~ •. m~ni:fatoty once-a·N~.;L-1£}~5_3, Ju/y·31, 19§3}:. · . . . week car barn or shop day, driverslconductors'.must be at. specific :pla'ce 'at . sp~cified time,. as they . ·. C9mpressed Work Week (CWW) . · · CWW .is an· alternat\ve arrangement . whereby thE;'l . generally observe prompt departure anq _ai:rival fr.orn their point·of origin to their point of destin~ti6n;They . ·riorrnal workweek.i$, r¢duced to less than six ((;i) days . are; tberefore, under constant-su'pervisi.oriwhil.e -in .bu( the t_ot~i: number ·of nor.fTlal hours per week . the performance of ·this WOrk and hence :canl).Ot be
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. ~- oi-o4;: _ · ·.. ·. ··.-. · : ' .. . · 99erJct_·yv,qr1t1_rfgT!~~ is·~ ·{a!if s~eme ·w~i.ch · Reversion to eight:hour workday · .. ·.... · . . may J:>e r~sorted to qy employers:·As .,;t in~tter of ·Reversion -to the ··normal. 8-hoor wo.rkday ·t,:qm ~ < :·._ . · pfeceae'rice', Memorar;icJarri. C)rcular· No.· 81 ·v.ias . :~rra~ifem~i:itl:,hall 'no.t consti'tute f'i Elirninution . . issued t>y. the Qff)c13 of .the. Pr~sident,tjri'oecember. of benefijs:.. The·-·r~~e'r:sion shall be cqrisid.~r:~d'.a. · · · , 14; 2004·wt1it:h implemented th¢ Staggered W<:>rking. , · 1egitim~t!=!'::·..exerci$e · of: nianager:i:ient pi:erogativ~;. . Time in. th~ ~~~cutive_ Dep~rtrnent in fel~ti.ori t~:>'-the_.. · · proyitled.that "the .em_ployer ~hal! give th~ employees . <:>th~r.brar;iches.of g<:>v~rnm~n~·and .the pr'l,vate seytor. • PM(noti9e. r~versiqn within ,';J reas,or:iabl~ .. in_·.M.etr~·..M~n~lcl. during the C~ristmas. _se~ifon~:fi?rJl · period of-time (001£-D.A N9: 02-04). ·o~ce1T1pef. 15,.2904 t.o Janua1y_6, 2005, Ac~ordmg. ·· · · · · to.this issuance, St~ggered.,working time·ls lll.f:!antlo. "Fle~ible'w~·rk Arrangerr,ents. . . improve the· deliv~ry of godds. and ~ervjces (CHAN,. In. "'o"epa.rtmeni'-Advisory No.· ·-2-09; a.doption· of supra at 107). · ·, · · · · fl~~i!)le-'v.Jo'rk ~rrarigements (FWA)"is .con~id~r.ed· as_ . . _.. . ... ·. - , _ · . . . . . better .alte'rnatiVe th~n 1he.oUtrJ9ht termination· of . Normal Ho_urS of.Work Qf·He31th rer~<;>nnel . the services of- employees or th~ ··~Josure· Pf the For health·-person,nel in cities and iTiuhicfp·alitie,s.with .:establishment. Th~. effectivity.and Jmp)ementatiol'.) of· a population· of at lf;!ast 6nt!! million (1,000,000) or in · -FWA stiau·l:ie tempora_ry. The FWAs inc_lude: (BFFhospitals and·cllniqs witti a bed d1pacity of at least -. ~RC.)_ = . ··. · . · · ' . _· . . · . . · one hundred (100):· · ·
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a~ ho_u.rs wo.rked· if the work is with the -knowledge ·of his employer or immediate ·supervisor. . · 4.'. The time :c:Juring ·which an employee is·.inactive ·, t:,y reason of interruptions in· his·watk beyorid hjs . control shall be considered time worked.either if the imminence of. fhe re~_umption of work . . requires the·.employee's p_resen~e at the place · · 6f.wcirk or·if the ·interval is too brief to be utilized . . effectively and g'ainfuily: i'n the employee's 'owri · :, : inter.est ((RR_ 9f _thf} LAl?,OR CODE •. Book_ Ill, . ·. Rule I,. Seo: 4). · '
·Ge·neral rule: Regular· office h_ours sh~II be B:hours a day for 5
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Note: Ther~-- i~ ~othing· in the law which supports the contention that personneltrr hospltalsandclinics ·are entitled to a full weekly wage for seven days if they have completed the 40-houri five-day .workweek in~ Rules on Hours \/Voi'ked-any given workweek -(San Juan D"e·Dios Hospital 1· .. · Waiting Tinre· · Empioyees Assoc.~AFW v: NIJ~c;·G.f?. No. 126383, . . .: Considered. as hours worked if: (IRC} . November 28'. · 1997). . · · · a.. Waiting is an]otegral part of his work; · . .. .. · .b, ·-: T.he employee is ·BEiquired or engaged by Health personnel incl_udes resident physrci.a»ei~~.,. theemployer to wait;.or · . . . nurse~. 'nutritlohlsts. dieticians:. pharmac;:isJst5ocial ·ru· ~ : ~ "'--~c~":'=,)!/hen employee is required to rem?.in on workers, ·-' laboratory technicians;»: patant_qical 11 • ' -J. -~ll,in the employer's' premises or so close technicians,' psych.ologi~ts,: · ?1idw~y,~~terJ~a'.IJ!ii==·~ -( . ij(?~et~~,that he. cannot . ~se the _time·. ,
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. .. . .. .i.()- ·,t.V _I" . '11-» <¥lf" "'}!)"' \~ec.~~·']!-1_/\ . . . . Health personnel In · :9ove n~"n(f senilce ar.e · ~t L&~ l "\.q · \ . . · _ · . excluded ·from the coyerag~f-of Artt · B? 96 bf 1_0'"'\, Note: If ihe e~_pto~:e~s not required to remain on Labor Code. Their' eqiplb~'!9.-erif b.~n~fits"."""'"~:f . :t . ..,! emp~yer's \.)?~~~s but is ',mer~ly required. 'to 9(_)Verned by R.A. ~°-· ,7305 fdvla_g~a.Ca~a\ofPiJW.1~.J . c..:::r~.&V~y.,<jrd. at t:ii~ fjo~~. or· with company, offlclals, . Health \fVorkers.· . . '. ~ tl.,.q· . Ii\ .. &J·.W...[[f)Ji[ dller~ l;j'e may ~'*-lfe~shed, he is 'not considered··. ~. . . ; .\(4 ·"'-{f,· .. :-:·~;:;7~wor:kini/.~j,e 6n.callt/ffeR qf Labor:Code, Book II, ARTICLE 84: HOURS ~O~KER'"\f . ""'l,~V[Jliiie]f.~~'f3(b~~ _Hours ~orked_ ln.clu~~: (D~ts4i2q~ :{~~,;·,-~ . _ 1. _All time dtm~g_wt:uch.an.e~ploye· ·,s r~~J( 11.~ _ . ~~ - .,;iyCompensa~Jht}'. Wa1tmg T1!7le. __ .be:on .!,lutyor to be ;:it a.:P~~cnbe ·-l£'tot~°P,la'e~~~-J · .,, 2. .Alf time ~uring Which .ar:(e'mpl~yee is'~i;i!fe[~~,~1~ ·. permitted to_ work (/RR of.LA~~R cqpE,~~ .s1 . · Ill, ~-u!e; I, _Sec. _3); ' . . . . .. 3. B~_st: . peri;QQS.. 9f S,~C)lj ~!Jration -·~,u111;\1{,;'ocitin~. ~lt®ris':1 an ·. inte~r-al hp!:Jrs,. w~.1~h_ ~h.~lf;notbe r:nore _than:20 mmJ,1_tl:!S;~...,!;,,p.art"~ftl:iejpb; th(;l_ time. tim.e: . it. - 18 . and .(/RR of the LABO~ CODE, Bo.ok Ill,. Ruie1. · : spfmt . · waiting ·. · ·;s d5mpensab,le Sec. 7),.: ·-· · cb~p.ens.able··.-.· · · · ·
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-is required to give to' his employer, regardless-of . .- ···~h~tl')er .,.Qr· ·r{o(.such .. hb~fS-.,?~B spenf ·Oi_i,. · · productive-. labor. -or invoJve physicat or ·mef.ltal · ., ei<ertioh. .· . · ·.. · · · . · . 2 .. An employee need not le~ve.the prEfmises-o.f.the workpl.;i~e in ordElr.-that l:iis ·rest peri<;>d"shall.~.e· .. cpunted; it-o~!ng·~nough ·that he.stop_~ working,. may ·rest completely and ·. may leave. - . his·-' workplace, "fo go elsewh~re" whether 'within· or . ·· "out'sid~'the.·pre.~ises of his Wofkpla~e, · · 3. If th~ ·. .work perforrr1;id wai=i .n~ce$sary;. or it· ';. , benefited "the employer, or the emp}pyee COIJ!d . ·. not' a6and6n ... his work at. the' end of. his "normal working hou.rs be_cause he J1'iid. no replatei:!'ient,. all time spent fo·r such work sha'II be considered·
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·.e.g .. X: wo,rks . ,ii~ ·. a e.g·. WO°rks. as a QUS drivet; : His tcisk is to d_river·6f Victory. H.i~·route .drive· · · 'truck... · to is from'- · ··. Manila· . to ·. · ·Piun.panga _ to:.· load "Santiago, leavinff afs· ai'n . :gravel. While :gra\1\:lr i~i ·an~ ~rriving ~t 3·pm. He: i's .. . being,- loaded,'· he complet~Jy reii·e,/ed frt1m h:«:1 ,' played .. mahjong_. a~ ·duty. until ::9pm, whei') . the_n slept. The· time he again 'goe~ ·on duty for the · . spent . _playir'.Jg·_. and reh:ifn trip to. Mahila ... His· . sleeping -· · · · is . idie · . time··- · · is .': not . -compensable l)e·cause compensabt~· because' he . h~· is. ei:,g~ged 'to wait 'i1,· ·specificaily · ·reliev_ed tor.· :waiting · is . an from an duty: 'H°e is merely ' · integral·part o( his: jon. ·.. Waiiing to.be engage<;! . . . . ,
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·51_eeping"Time Whether sleepinp.tlrne allowed an employee will be considered as part of ·his working. time will 'depend upon the express or implied: agreement of the parties: In the absence-of an agreement, . itwill depend· upon thenature of the service and its relation.to the working time. a. Considered working tlme if steeping time isi. · Subject to serious interruption ci~ ii. . Jakes . ·placer .. under . - c_onditions· . · subs~°f;l!ltially. Jess deslrable. than would · . . be like.Jyto exist at the employee's home <··b .... NOt .considered.as' workirig .. flrner if there 1$ an .opportunity '. for' . comparatively: · uninterrupted. steep under: fairly desirable-· . : · condjtions (1 AZUCENA, supre.e! 232-233).. -'. · · · .. . . , . Note: S,IEleping time lscompensable.worklnq time if the . nature of · e,!:TIPIOye~·s· work allows sleeplnq without"lnterrtipting or prejudicing the performance ,ft ....../'~°?;I' ) ._ ·.· . _of his work (1 Poqu1z;-supra at.?30).. . -'.~/;;.-:)\
General Rule: · · Not compensable because it is a 'norrnar incident of . employment • · E-xc.eptions: .Where the worker is made .to: work on an ,emergency can and travel · is necessary . ·,n ··proceedi'ng to
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Considere'd as \Nork· . time when . it cuts across an employee's workday because it substitutes for the hours that · the employe"e should· ·have. been in . the
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The· employees, : can· . .leave their. workplac~ or · go· : elsewh\;lre.· whether: .. ,n~ide: qr outside ,the· woFk premises; or ... ii. Tli~ . employees can use the . time · effectively.for their own interest.
··.fi.. · Seme~~al B~ea.k 6fTe._a·c~~rs . .
. · : Tlies.e· semestra.1 brea_ks are ·in th~ natu_re of ·· . · ·woi'.k· .·interr-up,ions · .beyonc;f·; the· employees'.· .' · controL .As · such, .the~e:· breaks · e::annot · be :con"side~ed as absences wit~in the meaning of the. law for whicl:t deductions rristY b~ m_a~e from monthly aJlowances '(University. of Pangasinan
Fficulty
Union v. · University of Pangasinan; G:R: ·, No. L-63122, February 20, "1984). ·
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Th~ "no work; no pay" principle does not apply. · · The petitioner's members receivedtheir regular salaries during this 'period, It is clear from the law that it contemplates a "no work'' situation where th~ employees voluntarily absent themselves. . P_etitioners; .in the case· at bar, certainly: do not, ad .. votuntetem, absent themselves . 9uring_ semestrat breaks. Rather,· they are constratned take mandatory leave from.work (Universityof . f.angtisinan Faculty: ··union. v. Unil(ersity 'ot Pangasinan, G.R. · No. L-63122,· February 2.0, . 1984):. : · .. . ·
ARTICLE.'85:
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~-E.AL PERIODS
Rules on-·Meal Periods . 1. , Shoul.d'not be· less than 60 minutes. It is· noncompensable except where during the so-called .rneat period. .the '·lab:orers are, required . to standby for emergency work, or said meal. hour . 'is.. not·· 6ne , of- complete . rest; sµc.h , period is considered ·overtime, (hours worked) (Pan American · : Wor(d ~ 14irways: System .v, Pen · Amertcen.F;;mployeQs Aseoctetion, G.R: No. L". · 16~75, February24.~1.$6.ft-· · . · ··2. . M,ay be)es.s than· P6· minutes; but .should not be 7-; Lecture~;:Meetings:_ahd Trainings'P.r~gr-ar'ns .. less ·than. 20· mmutes. an<;I the "shortened .. · Not counted as worki!19 time if A4L the follbwing · . mealtime: must be Witb full . pay, · under . the · conditionsare met: (OVN) . : . . . · ·. · , ·following. instances..' · · , .. · . ·. a. . Attendance 'is Qutsi9e· of the. employee's" . a: · Where the work js non-manual work in . regular working-hours;·.,, ;' nature or .. does. n6t 'involve. strenuous b. ·- Attendarice is in fact Y,otuntary; and . .....,.;:.._,,....=--=-<--- . . · phystcat.exertlon: . · · .· · · · · c. Em'ployee does li()t perform_..)myP'P.dfctive ~~~~VVIJ~r.e.the.establishmentregularly operates ~otk · during .such attend,anc:,r[~R ~ the ,, · 1 \1- ;.>;, ~~~ss·thar.i16 hours q.day; '. 'LABOR CODE, Book Ill, Rl!,,,P'l6S~ .~)~=--..,,.;.'cf lti ?-,
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Lunch Break from Paid to.unpald . t.'f. ' .·changll')g The in work. schedule does labor practice. The . right. to fi~. work ·
. .· Computation: "step·t:· Get the reglila·r wage.per hour Daily Wage 'divided by·nurribernf hours worked . P 800 + ~ hoµrs ;::;. P 100 · · ·
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schedules: of the employees r~~t,~.principalfy on their employer: Previously; the lunch breakperiod ..could- · be considered .as workinq.tirne because .the factcry ·employees ·were required to .work :if necessary and were paid accordingly for working. Wi~h- the· ne,;r . work schedule, the·emplpyeeS'<Jre·nciw giv'en·a oriehour lunch break withou! any interruption from their . employer, Siri.ce :fhe employees . are··'"!.<:> . Jongijr.. · required to work during this one-hour II.inch .break.. there is no more need. ior.the01 tobe compensated for .this.perlod (Sime Va(by Pilipim;is,trio .. v. NLRC · (2"" Division), ~.R. N9.· 11~205, AprilJt;; .1'9.98). ·. ·,-o·~ :
. Step 2: Compute· the NSD . . ·Farm'ula: (10% x regular:wage ·per h.our) x no.· of . ' hours· of work performed.' be'tween 1.d PM:... 6 AM) (1()% ~ p ..100; )(4 hours·=· P 40' · .
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h ~-~e(. e•r.egµ ar wage p·er our .. . . ~/f . D~ily Wa~~ci1~iaedby number of hours worked .. Pst.53 2
. .mp 1 oyees O ·re .. I an serx~~ e;; 13... !~. me ,,l :' :regularly empl.oymg ·nof. mor!;:Jt~s,,wqrkeri5 · f'f · ., · _ · · ·· f.; (IRR of the:LABOR .C9DE,. Boo~//,,, Ri!l~}/JSe"c. ·: t;~:,52.7 ~. B ,hours- If' 65, 875 ~t · . ·. . Ii:'-' /'J' . 1 ~·;l·-,,..,.t:;r. . 1,b,') .,. :; · . . · ·,.1 .. )i;Stg~Gempute.theNSD °'.. . ,,t. .. . ,, r..,..-_,......· ('l.,r<':'_../'·,.,,~;:x;,.;..-u . ;,\· . . . . . . .., 'f. . . . ., ... . . ., ·:' ... ·w.~,, . . :/{!,..,-'-_''.~ . i-qrm~la:(ro~ x. r-eg_ular wage' pet !)oµr): ~ ~o. of : ~ . . ,N'?t~: T~e.,...c<:>~.··~~a~I ._ n. ot be 1pc1~~ed /ly '"_th~ . J;i~tir~,of v..corlq:ie.rformi:?dbetween 1 O P~fl?I'. . . 6 Arvtr : t . computa~on o( ri1ght ~'11ft pay (2Q19 ..Ha'Q
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·w_of!<ers: Sta~utory Moneta,y.l3en~fits,
p-._2~} .. ·.
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. NSQ:in c;:>yertime Work,=·· ... : . ' If work dorie·between'10 PM and Q}\M is overtim~ · work/th~~ .ttie· 1q% ni.ght ·shift d1.fferentiaFslio~lildbe . based on the 'overtime: rate: ·. .: . . . . .. ·.. ·! : :· • . •.. ··~ . . Reas~n: ,NSD pay is giveri a~· a prein1u·m for working . · : .at a·tiljle when the employee is suppose~ to"sl~ep . :and ·resf i~>:iccordarice·with the l~w :of ..~ature:
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. NSD:no·t:.Waiv~bl.~::. .·. . _. .. . . ·"' · . : ... ,. 'Additi.or.ial .cbmpensation. for·· nighttirrie · ~~rk !~ :: · 'fol!nde.d on puqlic..P.o.licy (Mercury'Dru.fi.v.. Daya~; , G.R. No. L-3Q452, -September~o. 1982kThus,NS.D · is.not walva.ble excepffor . higher . : and bigger.b'en:ems. . .
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Saniple lll1.1stratlons. 1.. wmi:oui 9.vertirne . . . . ((10% ·x regular w.aQ.13per hou~) x no: of.hour~ of Vo(OJ:.k perfor~ed be~eerj fO PM ~ 6 AM].
, .. . ·(~Q19~ Han'c'Jl)ookon ~orl<ets' 'Statutory: Mqnet.a.t.;i
B.enefi~s; PPc ?3-24).
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...
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'wtth Overtime · · ,,, · . . . · · [('1°0% x OT wage p~r liour). x 'i:io. o! houn{~f wor~ • performed betwee):i_.10 PM.-'- 6 AM) · · · . · · 0
Given,.2:A: P800 8:00 AM- 5:oo·pfiA· •..
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5:'00 PM - .12:00· MN
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2019 SAN SEDA LAW CENTRALIZE(? BA[< OPERATl?NS I 43 . . . .. . ·.· ·.: ;.i.
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'LABO·R· ST AN OAR D.S. SAN.BEDA ~.W·~EN.TRAUZ£DBAR OPERATIONS -·~EMORY AID 2019· .
. Step 4: Compu'te·theN$D. · . . . : [(10% x OT wage·perhour) x no. of-hours of work performed between 10 pm-6 am]" (10% P 82.344) 2·hotirs = .P 16.47
·Computation: . . ~ Get'regular waqe per hour· Daily Wage·diliided by number of hours worked ~P. 800 + 8hts.· '? p:100. . ·.
x
:x
. Step 2: Compute .the OJ P~y· ~etw~~n· 5:00 PM:12:00 MN. . . . . . ((25% ~- regular wage, per hour) +: reguiar.wage per hour :x no. of CT hours . · · . . .: .. . . ·
P.125 ', ·7 hours
(201!YHafldli90/(or(Workers' Statutory Mone.fa'ry' , · ·· Benetlts, pp._43~24) .: ; · · ·
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· Step '2: G.et ·r~g~l~r·.~ag·e. per' t1o~r . . . '. .. Daily Wage dlvlded.by number of hours worked - .P 527'+ 8 hrs= P;65.875 .· : ... · .· .
. .
. ,. sie·p·3: Compti.te the. OT ~ay·b~~e·e~'5:00,~M ·~ . 12:00·MN.·
. .
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. · :.
· · ·
·.
.((25% x reg~l~r wage per.hour)-!; regular-wage.per . hour] x no·:of.OT Jlo~fs] · ·· ·· -' .·.
·;.,·.82.344
·.··
4·4 · 1 2019 ·SAN BEDA. LAW CENT~rzEo :
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BAR OPERA noss •
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·. ,: Reason: Th~·e·mp:loye~ li9.iv.en'OT,'paY.~C~use.he . .. is' made .to work·longer :u:i~ii what lscommensurata ,_ with his agreed.cornpens~tion for-the'statutotilyfixed . or voluntarily-~greed hours of labor tie. is supposed · -to do (PNB ·v. PEMA, . G:R:- No:. L~30279, ..fuly 30; ··1982).: . . . .
.Oy~rti~e.·P~y v •. P~E!mi'!h'i i:>.ay. Additional compensation :Additional compensation. for . work .." performed required by law for:work .. beyond 8 hours a day .] performed withil)·8 hours . · Ev~ry employee-who is on non-working .days, entitled to' premium pay 'such as rest' days, and is like~i_:3e entitled to th~ regular . and. · 'special benefit of 9yertime pay. holidays .. · . (CHAN, supra a.'t 119).
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LA·B.OR·STANDARDS·· ·
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· . ·SAN BEDi LAW CENTRALIZEDBAR 'OPERATIONS- MEMORYAID 2079.
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Basis for ~omputatlon of O.vertlme Pay Regular basic wag_e includes cash wage only ·witpout · any deduction on ·account of facilitie~ · provided by the employer (LABOR CODE, Art. 90): · t:Jote: "!,'h~ Cost-of-Llvinq: Allowance (COLA) sha·II notbeincluded-ln the computatjon:of overtime· pay (2019 Hentibook on .. ·Workers' Statutoiy Mon·e.tary Benefits, p. 20): · .. · · . . . .
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.Requisites for \(alidity: 1. · Clear: writter:i · ~greernent knowingly and freely entered into by employ~e: and . · . 2. ly1athem~ticai rErsult shows that agreed 'legal wage rate· ahd. tne o'vectime pay, computed _separc;!tely, are ·equal to or high·er-. than . the' 'separate amo.Lint~ legally d_ue (Ibid).· · Note: Wher~ theperlod of normal.workinq hours · per day was increased to 12 hours, the employer. remains liable :tor· whatever deficiency in . the amount for overtime work in excess of-the first B hours, . after re-computation . snows .such deflclency (PAL Employees Savir:igs and Loan
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Rates : . . . 1. . Ov.ert_lflleW.o.rk on Regular Wo°rk ·o·ay . · The. employee is paid for the overtime work an . additional eompensatich, · equivalent to . hls re:gular wage plus at least 25% .thereof (LABOR Associc1tiori, Jnc. v,. NLRC, GR.: No.· 105963, . qooE, M. 87). ·. . ..·. . . . ·. : ·c · . . '.' . ." • August 22,·.1.996). ·. . .. · ' · 2, .. Overtime Work. ~>n. Special Holiday or Rest .. ., · · · ·. Day •. . · · :· Wahler of Overtime·Pay · ... Ovet1ime V.:ork p~iform.e~ on a· special holiday.or . _Gefieral Rule: Overtime pay cannot . be -~a.iv~d . : rest .d~y not falling on, a .regular .holid~y,-shall be. -,;-1:... . expresstyor,impliedly. 'An_y contrary stipulatlon is null . · '. paid. anadditional ~ompe~sation equ_ivalent1 arid. void, as it -ls intended to beneftr.laborers and .· . · · . the rate.of the first 8 hours on that day plu~~ ~tf'::.,·.1· .·~ employees, (1.~CUZE,NA, supre at 262);' · '. teast 30% tbereof (LABOR .COOE:r. Art .. 87). l;f;/'::.""".:~ . , · · : .- . . ·: . '. ': '. . . ·\j. ;,:·_.;. .,._. ··., . Exceptions: . . . . . . : Erilp!oy.ee _a_nd. employer m~y .stipulate ~j.~err,//,:;;E!J?».',ti~n. J~~'-Wal~":r is mad~Hn consideration of SBA the payment for overtime ~~,Jtt"rates:i!Ji~ ~eBklil~-~'Sldprivlteqes w~1.ch may_be mo~e than . higher than those provid~.d q'S{t,;fa~.: (2019.t)~ . ,:· what wiM,i·~~crtre...to them. in overtime pay. (Id.); .Handbook on: Workers'.. Statuttffi'J').;/yTorieta!{y,,--:"l', · and : j/ ~ · · . . .. · Be_nefits, p, 2·1.). . · . · j. £ ti,:...~ · {:{ 2. Co!l1.Pi3s eQiWOF.k-week.-(DOLE_/.\dvisor:y Np; 2~ttS:11' · "~-\ · · 04),.j fi l . · ...... Con~it~o.n.~to _l?e entitled to;~ye,rtlm.~.~~y· .'~ j( 1'. : Entitlement to overt(me~~,pays::mlj,§1.'.<,"first~~ .. · ';1 Qu1t~~.~-n;').,l;n·.,.~-~!~t.•,n r~t. "day~.. ·~nd holidays, .written petitioner .to reliev~ himself from the consequences . author[fy:after offiGe.tfours 'is required for entitlement . of bis ·act, w.h.e'n his: knowledge .and ·und.erstanding · . ~o. coin'p·en'sation. (G/Gbal incorporated·i.r. · Aiienla, thereof. is expec.ted (Aujer:"f:~.v. Phil.. Com,:nunica,tfo'ns· . G.R:.No.··L-,5,1{)12-f3, July ~2; 1J)86): . ··: .. ,. . S~tellite Corp, q.R: No. 193484, January18,' 2012):. N.ote:· A Y.er~al in~tructi~n··.to i~ndef over.ti~e· ·wor.k . Note: Empl<;>yees:'wtiose.'P~Sitions. ar~ ~cl~sslfi~d prevai.ls pver ~ memorandu.in pr6hibitliig.$UCh, wo.rk from:· rank-and-file to sui:>.ervisory los~ o\,ertlme.'pay (({..L: Ammen Trahsportation.'Co.v. 15orja, G:R. 'No. . an9. -Other .~en~fits under. Arts.. 82-,96.. Promotion · . L-1.7750, August 31, 1$!62). : . · ·.. . .. . .. prqch,1ces the::.saqie effect.,.But the. p·rarnotion and position reclassific·a.liqnmijst ·be. done. in goQ.d fai!h:'· . Overti°'e. Pay· Integrated , ..in th~ Basic .Sala'ry . Th~ _pers~r1nel movemen~ sh quid not' be intended· to . · ("~uilt /h".Overtime Pay). . ·· :· · . . ·circumvent. the law to·. deprive· emptoyees': of the . The· stipulation .between ei:nployer' and employee· . benefits they used ·to receive (Productivity_incentives that. the latte(s regplar QF° ba$iC ·Salary already. Act pf.1990, R.A. Net 6971): ·. . . . . . .. inclydes tb.e overWne.pay is not per se illegal~ This is also .call.ed .composite or package pay or all. inch.,1shfe salary· (1 AZUCENA,: supr;a a(263). · ..
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· 2019 SAN-SEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS I 4$
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LABOR STANDAR-DS SAN 8.EDA UW CENTRALl.~ED BAR OPER~Tt.ONS - MEMORY AID,2019
&~NdiUii#W! ESSMMifSiti@§&SiifM#MIF
NSESkW&? '·
.Chines~ Overtlmeaqainst Puplic f:>olicy · ·ch,iryese overtime is a system pf overtime payment in which salaried ·employee's regular .rate . is · calculatedby dividing his· salary by the. total number . of .. hours he works •. Thus; the: g.reater. number of· hours, .the lower rate· of pay per h~ur,(CCH/, Labor" law Course, 303)-;.uod_ulY. reducing. the··: take home · pay of the. employee. · This. economic practice Is · prohibited by-law (1' POQUJZ, supra at 238). · · .. · . t
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· Gomputatlon:
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.Minimum'Wage· minus 96LA .: P 537-_ P 10. =·P.527 .
. . Step 2:_ Get regular wag'e per hour
. . · Dally Wi).ge· divided by number of hours worked ··~·527 + 8 hours=P 65.875 · Step· 3: -C'o;,,pute the OT Pay between s.oo PM ~. · 10:00 Pt-" .. . · ... · · [(25% x regu,ar Wage pe,r hour) + (regular wage per ~~ no.. ofOT hours] · . .. . . . . hour) . ·. . . . · . ·.
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Step 1.: Deduct the COLA
~. '·
Sample l_lltistra_tlons 1. Regular Wo.r:kdays · (Re~~la"r,.b~si~wag_~+ 2.5% . .
t+
of reqular , . basic v,:a~e}
~ 82.34 · 5 hours
P411.72.
8:QO Afy1,.;: 5:0t'.>'RM .. (lncluslve of 1: hour meal ~_rea~) · ·· '· · :
-s:·o·o.PM.-· 10:00-PM
.June ·1:2.· .• . . (Independence Day)
..
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p_53·(_:: 8:00 AM:... 5:0.0f'>M · : · .. (incli.J~ive•of
bre!al<)· .
.: c~~~u~tio~; ~~- . . . . Btei{1~ ttotirly wage rats .·· Dai°ly· Basic Wage·- dlvitfecf by number :of 'hours ·wor,k~d:_multipfi~'d QY .r~gular, ·holiday wa.ge rate · ' '.. ·(1?800 ,•+ 8 .h9Ur$)-.x. . -200'fo . ..'.;i, P2QO · .: . . .
~et
·P·1 ·425:-' . . . ,. ·: .. ·.
1 · hour meal . .
~t~p 2: Compute wag~. be~~e~ 8:00AM --5:00PM: . · usirig .hollday ·wag~ rate. . . . · · · · ·. · · 8 h_opr.~x ·p206 ,=. P1;600 . . · . :- .· . . ' . Step 3: Compute OT Pr.e~i~m ~a~ b~iween -5:00 _pm-10~00 pm· · . . . . . . . . · ((-30% · x Wage per bour) ·"" W.age .per hour]- x no. of 9! hours · · · · ·
46 I 201!3 SAN.SEDA.LAW CENTRALIZEO BAR OPERATIONS
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LAB·O.R ST AN DA RDS
SAN BED!!;.w.!7:::z:=Rc;:~~:;~::.::::nRY;'~:;; P260
5 hours: .f 1,300
· tJ:.
#fMiidilHMmmVl[@'~_j~
(2019. Handbook on. Workers' Statutory· ~onet~ry· Benefits, p. 21). · 3:
Rest Daysor
Speeial Holidays·
· [Restday orspecial holldaywaqe rate (1_30%).+ 30% of-rest day or special holii;:lay:wage rate} Given 3.A:
8.:oo:AM:.... 5:00 PM . (inpJ.usive .. of · one hour
meal break)
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5:00'PM'i: 10:00.PM June 24 · .·. . . (Manila· Day -~· .. Special Holiday) ·
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f> 845 ~tep 4:· CO(T1pLite the: total: wag_e. eernea,
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5 hours, · ·.
P.85~.40· ...
"Give)1 No. 3.B:
p.537
ea,j,e"d . P 1,054 .' .·
. Step 5: -~o°,r,pute-,th~ tota/.war1_e
.8:00AM ·-.5:00PM. (incluslve qf 1 '_riour bre.ak) · · ··
rnial ·
s.oo PM.-· 1 o.oo PM· ·
P856.40
J~ne24. · (Manila Day ~ $pecial Holiday)
i> 1-,910.40
2019.SAN BEQA
LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS I
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LABOR STANDARDS
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SAN. SEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OP~RATIO_NS -.Jl,~ORY AID 2019
. '~1'11Jl~--.Blliillllil!ll!1mmaatt19111PIIIMIIIIM• •i!il:&Pll:llwt-WIIIIIIEFi!.1-ll!:MSlDPMlll --_·IIAll!ti .. Hlll!lllrm-mmzm11 l!SMIIW!!I 11:mD1110111&Httim:tm•11111111Z .Pl!!~·-!.lfMm-1;11 .... ~:l!Jll!'.J·J~. 2t!t'!l!1
Computation: Step 1':. Deduct the COLA. · _Mi.nimum Wage minus COLA P-53.7- 10 = P 527
Computation: . Step 1: ·Get_hou'rty r,,age rate
Step 2· Get hourly wage rate . Daily Basic Wag~ · divided by number of hours worked rryi:Jltlplied. by speclalhcliday wage·rate. (F'.527 .... B hours) x.130% =_PBS,.64 · . Ste~ 3: Co~·put.e.·wage between ·8~00. etm-5:00 pm . using special holiday :,vage rate · 8 hrs. i< P85,64.:;: P685..10· · ·
or
Premium Pay between ·5:00 pm~10:0Q pm · · · :. : . · •.· · · '[(30% x. h9liday wag~ pEfr°hour) +holiday.wage 'per . hour]' x. no. of. OT. hours ... . . .. . . St;p 4::C~~pute
Daily Basic v\'age dJvided by number of hours s special holiday wage rate. . . (PBOO ~,8 hOtfrS).~··1?0% P1·50 . . Step 2: Compute wage'·be!tween 8:00 .aro,,..S:00 pm .: using specfal holiday iNage··rate . . -8 hours .x· p.150 ':" P1,200. · ·· .. : · worked muitipli~d by rest day
=
· Step 3: Compute OT Pre~ium Pay between 5:00
pro-1'6:00
i:>m....
.
·· .
: · . .· .
. [(30% -~ holiday.i,v_atie'per hour) + hollday.waqeper hour) x no. . .. ·of..OT:bours . . .... . . . . . . ·. ~ . .. · . . :
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5·hOL!fS
'p'1;~00 P975
.·f> 2·,175 .. ·. · -P537
8:00
AM .::.-5:00,PM
·.
'(iriclusive·of-1 hour meal break)
·
5:00:·PM--10:00 PM .June:6 ·... · .. ·, '(Araw ng Caloocan ·.; special. holiday · · · coincid_ing w/ . employee's. scheduled rest day) · ··
.&:90
At0·:"- 5:0P'P.M. : ·. (~11clusive p( 1 ;fiour. meal
break).· .. ·. :
.
·5:00.PM.,..: 10:00_-PM. ···
June6-.··
.
apectal 1:i:pliday .> ., · c.~incidirtg wi . employee's scheduled" · · ·
·
2:
G~t .ho~ri~.~~~-e rate:" _·· ' . .. . Daily Basic Wage divided by number of hours worked rri.u_ltiplied·.by.rest"day & spacial. holiday.. wage· rate. .... . · . · · ,...;- · · · · · · . -JP527+ '8 hours) ·x_ 150% -~-P98.81· · ·
. . . ~tep
. (Araw ng 'Caloocan -
rest day),
· .... ·. ·. · ... Computation :· ... Steri 1: Deduct the CO~· Minill'.lum Wage.minu~ COLA .P-537'- 10-= P,s~t : .
'Step-3: Compute Wag·e.betwee!') 8:00 am--:5:00pm using· special holiday wa,ge, rate . . . . ·.: . 8 'hours-x P98. 81 =.P790.50 · · ·
LABOR STA·N-DARDS .
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SAi-i BEDA LAW CENTRAU?E:f! BAR OY.6,RATIONS- Mf.MORY AID 2019 · · . . . . iifNMffi&H ,w;w, M&2A§SiMW2ESBW a-u:wwwrlh.rr ~~-..:'l!a\!i~
·ute th~ tota/wa e eained 'P 2,080
Step 4i- Compute OT Pre.mlumPay between ·5:00 . prri-10:00·pm. : · .· · · . [{30% x tioliday wage· per hour) + .holiday wage per houri x no.· of OT h'our~. . .
...
f> 128.4~
:
5 hours Given 5.B:
.P 6.42,2-7
P.537
8:00 A.M - 5:00 PM . · {lnclusiye 'ot · 1 hc;i.ur. rrieai br~?)k).
·
.5.:00 PM -:- ·.1 O:O'o. Pt.ll May·1
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(tabor Day ~ leg~l holiday . coinciding w/ em'ployee's (2019· Handbook on Workers'Statutory }1onelary. . · ?;): ,;'{. se;;he'duled rest ~_ay) · Benefits,-p.,-?,1). . . -. ··: · .- .· ·/·\/y;Jt( ·. . .. p-~- ,, t..,A . . . -, . . . 5:· · Schedule_d Res~ bay w_hlch: ls Als.o, a Computation: · · . · ·· . or'Reqular H_oliday · · . .. ... _\i "<1;; S~~@ 1: ped~ct th~ COLA · (Rest day.& legal holiday wage rate + 30% o,~ f ,:.: ':.z,;p¥,1.mgi~';1 Vyqge minus COLA .. rest d~y & legal hohday wa'ge_ra~e:{2f;l.f?t1-)f.: ;J~PTi~:-P~53~~~[Q'.:;';.~~527 _.· . ·. .• . · · · ·· .,,Y:: ;; · 't td · ~-A · . · Given 5.A: · . . ·. ..' · · · (;/"' ,, · . <1.,:;::_:;-.1 ·step.2: Get,fi~~rlywage rate. ·· ·. : •, .•· P BOO.ff>{!J~.:,J' -,!' _Daily Basi( 1f!~ge_ divided by ou~ber. 9f. hours. . '8:00 A~5:00'fit·U~_b;· _ _ . tili . worked. wtit,~hecf~fy rest day ;& legal holiday wage (inclu'sl~erof"tr-iJ<>Li'meal ~ · 1.!). rate. 'I: brea'(<,}/l·,=""~~)7~-· · t~ (P527_·1',~:~.9~r~).,.~Vz~Q%=:P171.2~ ·. . .; .·... . . .-.if·' . . ,':::J'· · . ,.:-(: Step 3,,~9.!J11?9N~·;Y.,age between 8.00. ,am-5.00. pm 5:0_0 P~~O:O"':~M -: \ ... rJ·. µsing t,olidaywa-gerate., . . 1 May 1. . k. _.! 8 hours x P171.28 = Pt,370;20 .· .· (~~b°.r _D~y.:,. !~g~I )'t!j>IJ.~ay._ , . cornc,dmg w/\~m~yee'& · :_,.··lf,,;\'"C!• . ·: . · . . . · scheduledrest day·) ,,,-:1;- ~~..u.!.::..._~p 1z:.e~p1:1te O'lPrernjum Pay between 5.!)0PM ... · · · ... ,,; . ·. kt., - 10:00 PM . . . . . ~..Ji,;11,:._Jf , ({30% X "holiday Wa!;je per hour) + hdl_iday W,age per . <;:qrrfputaJ.1011, .-,. .. : · ,':~;i! . . .. hour]'~.no. ofQT'hours. Step 1: (3et.fiourly wage rate. · \. .: · . . . . . . ,Daily_ ·sa~,i'G Wage divided .by. -number .of .hours -worked multiplied· byrest cfay '&: legal. holiday.wa·ge·· 'f>.222,66 I,
.
p.1;43~··77
L.~9~1{-(i: ,.;•;~) l>J 'f;,i.
r ·:·t/g/
·,~..a~ . ~\-.
:
. ' · rate.
. : ·. . :
:.
·. . . . . . : ·. .
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. . ..
a ·. ~
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r-t-:'1.~r.. · · · · · !.Mr
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.(PBO(! + 8 hours) x: _260% = P2,60
Step. 2: co~pute viage 'b~tw~er-i-:8:bQ usi'ng'holiday wage rata.'. .. _8 h'ours x· f260 .
·= p2;oao . ~·. ~
. · ·. · .
·a~~s:09 p_m .
. . , .
Step· 3:" Comp.µte OT' Pr.emium Fay bew,,~e·n 5:00· pm-10:00 Jjm: .· · . _. ·' ·_. · ·. . ·· · · · · .. ·: [(30°(0·x holiday wage ·per hour).+ .hoiiday·wage pe·r · hour] x.no. . ~ of OT . hours· . · .. ' · ,·
. .·· . . Step 5: Compute. _t.ni/ totalw~ge earn,ed · . . . . . . . ..
.
·:
P: 1 ·,370.26' .
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P338 (2019 Handbook on Worf{ers.'. Benefits;p.2.1). ·
~tatutory Mon~tary
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· 6:. _Double Holi~ay . .. . . . [Double . holiday wage rate (300%) + 30% of . ;, Double holldeywaqerate]
5:QO PM ,-1Q:OO PM
Apr_il 9. . . (Araw ng Kaqitinqan & at the · same ·. time Good ,..Friday) · .. · . · ·.
the employee reported for work .durjnq double· regular h_oliday, _be ts entiU.ed to at least. 300%.·of hfs d.aily rate which is the total of 2QO% hoHday,pay plus 100"/o,of the daily rate (Manva/ . ·· on Labor Standards,.(2004)). · ·Not~: If
p ati~·, .
· · · ·,
-Computation: Step -1: Deduct the COLA . Minimum Wage minus COLA P 537 - P10 = P-527 · . . : Step 2: Get hourly wag·e rate.' D<;1ity· Basic ·. Wage divided .. by. number· of ~ouri, ·. worked rnultiplied byrestday.S legal holiday .. wage 'rate. · · · - ·· · . ·· ·. . · :'{P527 hoµrs) x 300% ·s P_f.97.'63.
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·a:ob,Aivf_:·5:'6o·PM liriclu~Lve:o{J hour
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"step·. 3: ."comp~je wage between ·8:00am-9:00 pm AJ?ril.~··. · .· .. ·. · .• . u~ing special holiday wage rate.i ; . · .... (Ara~ ng·Kc1gitir:igan:&;~ :,,;-,=c-..:.~a-..oours '>< P197.6~ ::::.:Pt;'581· · · . · ·. : . · .· · the · same, tim{fft1~6'"'ood 1ur - · 12, ~"""'-:,.___ . ·, . ·,_ . , .. · , · : . ; · · ., Friday) · · ti 1.st~p ~': .1;;.omp.ule. OT Premium Pay between 5:00
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S~:0 ~~ cie~ohn~urly wage rate.·
. Daily Basic Wage. divided · w~rked m~ltiplfed by. re~t ~a''f s rate.. . . ,·· .f' ~ (PBQO. +. 8 hoyrs)_ ?< 3_~0%_ =
.'J/;,:s==~r&~~,:~~Qljday 'wa~e -~r ~our} +. doubl~ ~ er'·· ur =x no .. ~t°.T.hours ·. . hour[Sl . • ·P·256.92 . . leg~fho!1ty· wage-_ '--.......... _;..:...~'~..,.....c.......,-;..,i ~~f>·-~ ,,,.....,.~__.,,==;:1j:-":'=holida .
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Ste; Co~put~ _·w~ge. b~~~~rl ·~:CiOam:"~:00.~~\lI(: ·using spe~1a1 noirctay wage ·1x1~ ~ r~.,fL....t ;>-.-r:-....:. I} hours. >< :~3.00 ':'. P2,_400 .. \ f' f')\ . . "~~'\. ro,'/ . . .l .
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. Stea 3: Compute OT ·Premi~!TI Pay'{Jetw~q,'5::0"~ . , . · pm:..1 o:oo pm. · __ .· \'- · · \ . [(39% · X'"'~ou_bl':. holiday-wa_ge R'(lr ho\Jt}\t:·c{~~':'ffit,.T'i h9h~ay-wag~ p_er .hour] x_ n_o.. of·
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;1'9'~Hflndbook~n Workets' Statutory..'M(?i1.e1ary . _Benefits,·p. 21).- · . · . .. ·. . . ., : -
'· .. . . · .ARTICLE· -88:· ·. UNDER.TIME .NOT · OF.FSET. BYOVERTiME'. •. . . . . .... Offsetting. o( ul'ldertime by '.civertime . .whe.th"er"on)he sam·~ or ahy oth~t da}i i~: prqhibited by-law (LABOR CODE', Art.. 88)... · - .. · ··... . . .,
. .· ... . •. . ·.;,_ .. ·.. . · Step 4: Compute th,ifolaf-y,(ag,e~ame_d . . .. . . ·. .;,''......,...:•'""-''-,;-----~---,-, .ft2,400··
P1;~sp;.
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work
Give·n 6.B: PM
(inclus1ve of 1 tiour meal · break) ·
·' Re"a~on: -The urid_ertim~ hours· r.1;i°present -qnly ttie .·. e.mploye1:3•s . tiou'rly rate :of pay. while ·.the overtime .. hours reflect .bofli the _employei3'$:.hot.idyrate of pay . ·and the apptopriate overtime pi;emium.s_uch"th~t. rrot being ofe·qual value, offsetting the undert.ime hours ."against "the overtime hour&, would. result in uhdlie ·deprivation of the employee's :overtime· ·premium · \
·50 I
work
Pe~iss1ci.n· given ·to -the erripi~ye~ to go on reave on . some 'other :day of ttie we"ek:.shalt hot "ex~mpt. the .. · employer from paying _th¢. additional ·compensation· (LABOR C(>DE1· Art: 88)°; . . : . · , ... ; . .. . : ;
.
"a:·oo AM :..:. 5:00
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2019SAN SEDA 1:.AWCENTRALIZED BA.R OPERATIONS
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· .(NWSA v. NWSA' Consolidated· Unions,· G.R. No. 18939, AugU~t31, 1964). method ~.-t· . The proper . . . ' -sflouid be . to . ~deduct . the
J;,
und~rtrme from_the accrued leave, if' a!ly, put pay the {~ .:.,~mployee .ttie overtime pay to wh)ch he -is ent_iUed. ~ ··This ·ri'lethod also obviates. the irr~glllar schedule . {·:. t~at would resuit If. the' .overtime be .set oft'. · p . . . sho4Jd' . : ~;- · against the. undertlme for thaf would .pl~c~ . the .i.t, · schedule ··for worl(ing hQI.JrS dependent· ·.on the ·l_. . em.ploye~'(NWSA v, NWSA Co11so/iqated.Unions, . G..R. No. V1893B;·August 3_1, 15!64). ·· ·, . .
Jf: ·
I
y REST PERICO .
ART-ICLE.,91: RIGHT TO A WEEKLY REST DAY ·Duration: · · Nbt le~ than ·twenty-four·· (24) · · consecutive hours. after .every six (6) consecutive norrrial work d~ys (Ul.BOR CODE, Arl. 91) .. . · Note: · All establishments and- .~'hterprjses may ··op~rafe' or open··. for,- busir19ss on Su1idc;1ys and : .holidays pjo.v~ded-that t!ie employees are, given the' w,eekly rei,t .day and thi:i' beneffts pr_ovided.under the • law:(JRR_ ofLABOR.CODE; Book. II/, 'Rule /JI, Sec. . 2). . , . . . . .
EllilERGeNcY °'~vERTIM E Ge·neral .Rule: ·Emplnyees cannot be c.oi:ripelled to render ·overtime. »'orK .against th~ir':wiif.'(1 . CHAN,.: supr.aat .,120).· · · ;rf; .
.
WEEKLYR~siPERIOD
CHAPTER-II:' ~iiEkL
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ARTici...e a9:
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·exceptions: (W2-PULP) . . -·· ·wh9·Determines,Weekly Rest Days . f 1. jn times. of : War o_r. any _national or. local_.,,;,.,..) The employer determines and. schedules the wee.kly · em:erg.ency :~-eclare_d by _the·. Cof')wess. or: rest period _subject t(? t_h~ following: . , .. Chief ~e~ut1ve; ·. .. : · . .·. · . . . . - (.;,-,,-{/t);~ 1: . Coliectlve barga1~1ng ~gr.eement; . · · . 2.. Whe_n. _,l' rs nec:ssary to ~v~rl ~f . f~v?r~~bf\ :.;.,_~ 2. Rules_ and requlations-lssued by the Secr.etary of · Weather or environmental ·· condltlons -wH,ri:e~\.{°;,,,:"_.....~Labor~.a_n..9.. · '. . · . p~_rfotrr:iante or quality 'of work ls' de~Jnde"U;1:Wir;~r~.~W.J?l~1~~!s preference b~sed. on r~ligious _. sl,: '. thereon; ·· : · . . · . '.,,.~~ ·. ~J grounas-f0BOR CODE, Act. 91 (bj). . · . ~ . 3. When_ work is necessary to·preseij'r~_eerishablfY-.-,;:-,., · '. . · · · lfQ{'t · · . . ~·· g~o_ds;. ·. ·. · . . .. : · · . ·.~':;.ff:-· . E-!Y The ~WP}px~r shall· r~spee;t. the preference of ft. · 4 .. Whe.r:i there rs Y,rgent work-neeg~~r.ri~ll:lfrne~. t:1.. emplc~ye~p .1f_to therr .weekly rest .. ~ay ~hen f : and equipment; .: :. ;;.:.;;;, . ·, -!'~ ·. ~. · s.uc~pre~fren~~ is based on religious grouods 5. To prevent bo.ss or.·damfl'9,e. .._to life1to~ -property~_. "~ (LA,t;10R-tOD~lArt. 91(b)). . , f.:· · · due to emergencies:and'f~0emaJe~'111d~.....: .· r,'f · ';:;l"·~;.;.;.:~7~;;';,:."?.::'· · . · · · · f~ . 6 .. :r~i 'pre~ent serious -6~s.truGtii:m qr,.:~..:~tud1ce~~ _: ,-::) ... _No°'(~,i~H~ preterence .:.Vu1 prejudice t~e. Ii:.· : the busmess:ornperat1ons·ofil'I~:..~Jtir:ilqy.er (!R}t business operations-of the. employer _ahd no · pf·tht:: LABOR'CODE, Book:/_//~'Ryle 11 S~~- 1(1): ·· · \),••,·:-~oth.~r r.eme~iat····rr:itiaswe~ are ~vailabl~. the ,1,~~~t·"~\»1~,~!!Y.~e~t perio.d ":c3Y: ~e. s.chedulE:d to"meet. if' _Not~:. In tl:)e ~vent tha~ any -?f fhe e1~t'Limsta~~·-.-·....:,u:.~the!L"ecr¥.IQ_Y~e·schoice. for' a~ lea.i;t .2 days·: a . .,, . e!)1,1me~ated /n .t~e laVI e~1~ts. :,an~th_etoc~er. ·... moi;i_th(l~R .of LABOR. CODE, Book Ill; Rule Ill, ·. · ; ·refuses ~o perform _em:ergency.. oy_e~~eBVork; _· . Ses. 1): -· gl ~the empl'oyer . may· validly · · terminate· his . . . : · · .,.. , (i·. · ~mploymi,lr-it bi'l·th~'grbui'ld ofJns.ubord,naJion,_or : : .· °ARtlC-t,E:9~: WH.eN :EMPl:.OYER M~Y:REQUiR~ yvillful disobetlience ·by ·the 'em~Joyee. of. ·!he~. ... -WORK ONiREST DAY · ·.. '.lawful· Order·of his employer in connection with . 'G.eneral 'Rillil:'0The· employer' m~y nqt re~~ir~ ttie ···. . his work ·provjded .undet'..Art. 288 qf the Labor, .. _. ·.. · em'ployees'· to w..ork ·on ~ rest d~y (/RR of LAf30R . ~1. · ·· Cbde.(1 CHAN, supra.af121):· . · · · · · · CODE,-~kJ/1;f?u/a'III, Sec.: 6;par._'.1).. ·
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. :_ · . . . : ·. _;. ,ARTICLE-'90, ·.cOMP.OTATION oi= ADPmONAL · . .- .. ~c;ept_j6n.s:..(UP-A2NAC)-: ·. f.. In cas.~s of Y,rgent work·to be:performed on the . co~PENSATIO_N - :_ · .. .,:. ·.. _ . . . . ... niachine_ry; equipment, or' ir1$tallatiori; .. , .. R~gu!'ar-Wage sl;l,;ill include cash. wage only; without ~- t.of.reventloss'.or d_amag~ to perjsh.atile goods; .. a·edu.ctio'n·oh 'account. of- faciiltie's. provicfed ·by ..the: . 3 .. lrt ·.~se q_( ~ctual ·W: im'pe_ndirig ·emergen·cies eniploye,r; :fod~urpo~es of comp_uting'OT and other. . . caused by force rr,afeur~_to.'pre\lenf loss 'of life_ .· additionaf remurierations . ',in Chapter I ·(LABOR arid pr:oi:ie~. :or :'imminent dan9~r.· 10· public ·. d'OD,E,·A,:t. 9.0). .' . ' . ' -safety;·. · ·. . .. · . ·4_ When· it is necessary . to -Avail of favorable . N~te: This proxisiOn.sh~u!d be_-cl.~~·fl~dor n,.odifie(!. . weath~r di-· environmental .-c;ondition~. ·.:.vhere. . Th~ "regular.wage" Includes fhe- cash Wage plus the p~rformc;1n·ce or quality' of W'?'rk is . dependent : value of facilities. Regular :wage fs Uierefore bigger thereon·· · · ·, : \h~n cash Wage, Th.a O_T rat!:3 should ·be. based on_ 5 .... Where \tie -·~atute. · of ·. the work· :-requires· , the regular wage.~ cast:i. plus valY.e .o{ ·fi'lcil)ties ), f)Ot . continuous operat_io'ns and' the stoppage of wo.rk · on the. cash W'.3ge only (1 .Azl..!r:;ena,-p. 224).· · . . . : ... ~ .· . . . .. . .
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CENTRAUZED BAR.OP.ERATIONS .2019 . SAN . . .SEDA.LAW . . . .
.
51
LA.BOR STANl~J.Aft()S._ 'SAN BEOA 0WC£NTRALIZEO.BAR OPERATIONS.- MEMORY AID 2019
MAM
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may result- in 'irreparable injury or .loss to me employer;
.
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· ·
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. 6.
ln the event of Abnormal 'pressure of work due to special pircurn.stances, wh.ere the employer ·. cannot ordinarily be expected. to resort to other measures: and . . . ·.. . . 7. Under. other ~ircurristaft"ces analogous .to the foregoing' as determined: by. the Secretary of . Labor (/Rf? qf LABOR CODE;· Book ~II, Rule /~/, ' Sec. ·q,· par,-1). · · · · · . .· ) . . Note: The failure to work ·du~ing an-employee's rest :". day does not ·Justify the -cJiscipl_iriary sancfion bf · outright dismlssal _from employmentas 'such- is so·. severe a -consequence, more so -wheA :ju_stif!~bie .. gmunds exist .far· . the : said. , failure · _:(R_emerco . . Gi'!iments Manufacturing v.. Minister:' of L'E!por & employment, G.8, Nos. L-5_6176-77, February 28, · · 19!35). . . ..... · .. - _·.
46
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CHAPTER HOLIDAYS, SERVICE. INCENTIVE. ·. LEAVES; AND. SERVICE CHARGES ·.
,·
. ARTICL:.E.94: RIGHT TO H()LIDAY.PAY Hofid·ay -Pay refers to "the payment qf the · regLJlar
daily wage for any unworke.cj regular holiday (20.19 . Handb°ookon Wqrker.s' StatutoryMonetary.~et:tefits, . p. 1.2)_: . . ' . ' ·. Note;·1n addition to the excepnons.proetded in Art: · si; Holiday" Pay does. not. apply to. employees '.of retail' and · service establishments re_gulariy . _employing less than 10 .workers (/RR of LABOR CODE, Book Ill, Rate IV,. Sec. _1).. ·. · .. · ·
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·Re°ii)ren;To prevent diminution of the ·monthly , When an employee-vonmteers to_ WO_!..)s,.:ffn h\~{est. J~t<1:Jhe-· workers. on · account o_f ·. wo~k . day under other ctrcurnstances, he :ma}(l5e:,a!io~~~....:o....-=JD,te~pt1~n~· r~other words, althouqh. the worker rs . to do so, provlded Ile· expre,ss~i".,,suci\,apii'Ei' in . f~~d.Stiould earn, writing a_.nd __he Is 'pald ~he addiJ;i6~at·'-.. '!J;iP':ns..ation......~~at~;_h1s~1!i_d~Y,;R£lY (JoseRizaf~olle_ge v, NLRC for working on hisrestday (1$.~,--A~O~ODli,.. ~,pd L-65482, December 1, Book /II, Rule ·111, see: 6, par. 1.~). _·._, · _'.,{' '. H ... · .Ir'· 1(9.87): l .\,tl · · \ . · · · . : · · .. · ·
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-~~TICLE ?3: COMPE~SAJ1Qlf:F6R R~~ro, ·• . _J:-tist..:.of~eQUlar\tI~:!i~1l~S ~~o. 292 as a_;,,endecf by . -: SUNDAY,()~ HOtJDAY.wpifK....-H- · : .- .., \.-··--~~---~ tc-:R~f?49'2,.. 1r·=-- M :- , ·: . · . · · .. :"· ... _Wtiere" arfem_ployEre is.h,a~e~~-11.nitte_d tqwork~~·o Ne1Ye~r's·fP'.EIY~JA3nuary 1; .. ·. . . . . . a .r~~~ day,· su_nday:--·ar- a}fo~iQ.~ ;·}t'f~llo"'!ilJ~~-t:'2. _M~ei~ifhtJ~daY:"1/m·ovable~date;··. ··.· ' a~d1t10.n,;1I Gor.np-ensati_on sh-:1!11~ ·!fh \fW f ~~· :,;1tOffidat:"'.'~~e-V~b!e date; · · . · · · .. . . . . · . '<'f,' ·. '\.:'. it,'17.:, F,tf&' g Kjg1tmga - Monday.nearest"April 9; Premium- Pay on R~s~ DayfiSunda\(or _ruwa· ,,1£1.:...;;; . ~17/_,(~-r .0-..\'1: ~-atig;;(a_l.Heroel Dc:i~ ~ Last Mond~y of ~ugust; .. Work on_ :-a···:'schec!l,,iled. ·30%·~n~uj~i;p"i;va,g~,.2 . 1.bi'I ~~!Yfa~,~~?.Mond~.Y neare.st.Nover_nbet:30~ resrctay · ·. . · . '. · · ,-.;e_1~ ... ·."P--.:-==""'~·- ·q~:tr§;ttn~JA:Jay:pe~~mber25; .. · .. :. ·. ·· · • · · . · . . · . . .•.;.,_ · . • . 'i\: fl J~~~~t~-.i~p.ay.-:f\:1onday.neare~!Pecember30; ·,· No regurar ,workdays ·30% ot regulijr Wa~ or . · l\, i.Ll'ft-.':r·Gid'('l=itr - movable date·. · · ,. · and 00 ·specific r~st days ~~rk-_ ·.. 'peni;rrmett·.:.~()Ii'."""':=~~ff.~Eic:f!/. Adha' .- movable ate . (E.0. -292 -as .. . . ·· ·: ·: . . . · Sl!nda-ys ,and,·.hbfidays . · .. amended).·: . · . . . \ . . . . . ~. . .. , . . ,· . •;. Wprk on.Suridays wh.en_ ~0.%, Of·r§lgylar "".age.. . ~~te; The prociamatip~s· cieclarihg·~ational holidays" . ~0-_iys his established.rest·:. ··. · .. · · · · · · for·the:obseniance of.Eid'! Fitr_a.nd Eid'i.Adha.'sbarr· --~-~-'-----'-+-"'-"·"-'~:-;......,_. ........._ . _hereafter~be issued :aflE;i"r:i_he approxima't"e date~ , . WoFK oh spe~ial holiday· ~0%• o(re!"gulai'-wage "the, ,l_sli:lm1c. holid~y~ h~v~ ·been·, determineq · :in accordance wf~ .the Islamic C;alenda.r. (HIJr~; or .th¢ Wo;k on spec\al ·hqliday ·5Q%: of r~g-\jl~;wag~_ l4nar· ; calendar; .or upon . Islamic : a·stronomi~I falling. on scheduled rest · . · ·· · · calc~l~tio~s;whlchever is·possible or: con11.enient. To. day · this ·eni;l,_ tl')e ·,National Commission. on:. Muslim. · .yYo"rk qri .reguJar hoOd_ay 260%.'qf-regul~r wa·gs _F.illpinos (NC1y1F) . stwll inform th.e·.. dffjce of the _ ·• falling on sclie.duled rest · . . . · Presfder:it .on which day the holii;laY,_strall·fall·(Proc . . day . . . . '. · ·' No. 459,··sec. 2): .. ·, . · .. =
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·(LABOR CODE,-i',rt. 93); . .. •. ·: . _:· . . : Note:· The employee shall be ·entitled to ·adi;litional.. ··. . , . comper)sati<:>n on· . SundaY. .only when .it .. \s his es~~?lishe,d rest _day (LABOR-CO~E,-Art.9;3): .
52 I." 2ois SAN SEDA
LAW CENTRALIZED _BAR OPERATIONS
The d!:lte s~d~r:lhe h_olding·.ot a· regl!lar-ii~ffonai · election is.a holiday. Henc;e, holiqay pay sl)ould be paiq by employer (Assoclated tab9j. . Unions v.. Le/rondo-Montejo,G.R. No. 11-1988; October.. 14, . _1994)... · · ·
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Wi!MMBE& . ~{ - 1\/luslim.Holid.ays Additional Compensati9n Work on. Rest P .0. No: .1083 as· amended; recoqnizes the 4: Musiirn Day,· Sunday or Holiday· · r;:... holidays, namelyi · ·1 .. As ·i,i g~neraJ.rule, for the company with a 6-_day. 1.' Amun Jeata {New Year), which falls on the 1· st . · workinq'schedulevthe-dlvlsor 314 days in a year ':\'; . day of the lunar month· of Muhl!:liam; , : . already me.ans that the legal .. holidays . are · · }-·. 2. Mau/id .. un-Nebi ·. (Birthday of the Prophet · included in. the · monthly pay of the employee. · f . · · Muhammad), which falls on the 121h day of the · The dlvlsor. is arrived : at by· subtracting . all . 3rd lunar month of Rabi-ul AW"-'al; . . . Sundays from the total number of caiendar days. 3. LatlatutIsra VI/al Miraj .(Noct!Jrnar Journey and in a 'year (Producers Sank.of the PHL·v. Nl:..RC, the Ascension. of. the -,Prophet Muhammad), G.R. No. ·100701, March 28; 2001). . . ·. · wliich'·{~lls on the 271h~y of the-7.lh lunar month 2.. A.s .a gene'ral· rule for-a company. with a 5-day . of.Rajab;· . .. . _ working schedule', 'tl:le dlvisor -261 means. that .. '4: '.ld:-ul-Fitr'(Hati Raya 'Pausa), wl\ich falls on the the holiday pay ls. already . inc;fuded · in the ·. . fi.r-st day ·of the ·re.nth. lunar month .of Shawwal, monthly salary of. the employee . (We/linglbn commemorating the end of the fastinp -season: investment and· Manufa.cturing.Corp v.. trajano: and . · . . . · G.R .. No.·1.14f598, July 3, ··1995):· 5. :. 'ld-;t.JI-Adh~ (Har! Raja H~ji), wh!cti falls. o~ .t~e· · · · · · · ·. ·· .tEmtt:i day otthe twelfth lunar·month of·Dhu al.. Rut~ on Ho.Hd·ay Pay of Teachlnq Personnel.Paid .. ·· Hijja·. · · · », . Per Lecture Hour · . · .· . · . ~· .. · . · ;./''For facultymembers paid by the hour by virtue. of tHeir teaching·contracts: .. · 1 . .'N~t~: Nos. 1-3. are holidays· observed .<;mly l~Mihda_nao~whereas 4 ~nd 5 a_r:e.National 'Ho~idar,~.·'·U,·.;'; ;\ • 1. They are .Nc?'.rentitle'd_to p;:iyi:neAt ?f. holiday P.ay ·f :(i·f, ... , , , 't be·ca\Jse. they: are . p.a1d 9.nly. ·for work_ actually f.(· T}).er~· m~st}~e::no·di:,,Un.ction petween Mu~iims}pA·,·.,:;".'.-~.-r-..,do~e. Sjr.i~e regular h~lidaxs·are ~nown to both nc,n~Mush!)1s with r~ga~d·to payry1ent .of l;>en~fi~·Jqfr ·n-•;.::......2~.'!~!1,9pt1~u:iy-t~cultym~mbers as. "no class days"; Mµslim ·Holidays;· wages .and other emotum~nfsare\.;/ rj ·. : ce'H~inly:r·th1f latter .do ·not expe~t payment for /· . laid do.;yn.?Y ·law and .iJqt based on.-r~.il~:at reiigi?Qb.~.i s~id unw~fl<eddays; and. this ~as.clearly.ln.t~eir' v:··· (San M1gu?I Corp: v. qA, GR No.. 14.i~q\_Jan~':9."";.i-'-'I:\:· ·rnmd~1~pJit tl'!ey · eritered ·into· the :teach1,rrg. ·-30, 200,2J.. · .. ·.. . . .-r~ yf;:-,·-,,~ · , f:.J.· . ·contr~itsi{Jo«~Rtz.a/.Collegev..~kRC, (J.R No. .., ·· · · :. ,::.:.,,. 1..r~:r;,. . 11~· · 65482 D~cember.1 1987 1• . , ·... • · · (,• .-. • . I~ • . ..., •. ia.."::i, I ·J tJ ' .. _\\ • • I • I ik R~le on C~mpe"!sabili!Y:·., (f,-1· ·· t:;:-~· · . • ·,, 2 .. T~~Y arEJ1_~-?~~er, e·ntitled to·. th~ir re_gylar et .Employee .1s ~11t1tled ~o at l~.'l'J:>f 400.o/~of)h1sll:)~r. . ;•J tro~·~.[i~.!3,.0a·~.~y.sdeclared as special hohdays 1tk· min.imum ~ag.~ r~te even ·if he/s~~..di<jl;F,10J:rc~ort~f~~· .:·.. ·or y,iheQ:·_~_@;ses.are CF1lled o~ or- ~hortened on ~;. "y,1ork•. P.~o.vfded he/~he' is p~es,E:ni~Q§:Ontt1~ve account ·oflyphO:ons, fl<>?ds, ratne.~; !=!Ad the like ·.~esem,c~ ..Ylth·: pay· ':~~!W.-~ rest, does I\O.t earn >,yhat he should earn .Statutory t:1-~neta.ry,Sf3n~[its•. p. 13) .. :.A:::;f:!.J-·.~~~~·tl)at:?dayJJos~.R!zal College. v.· f!LRS G.R. Ii-; . • • . . ,..:r. ·:(''. . . Nq. 65482, D~cember1, 1987): . . ~: : . . Not'e:-,Legal holiday falling ·on· a· Sund~¥:_fq6es·not. · ·· · · , · ·. . · · · ·· , \ create. ar, ·additfoi:iaf."w.orkday nor areate~legal. · H.oli~ay Pay ofCertain..Empl6y.ees . . . . . rs . Qblfgati.on :for the ernplqyer to pay-extra, ~side from 1: . Wh1;1re the CO\'.ered E!~p1oyee IS paid .on-· plec~ t~.:.:. ·-the··usiiai .holiday pay to)ts·m.ol'!tiily-pald employ~es rate basis, his!J1er. holic;la~ pay. sn·aJI ·not be le~{>· If ·. (WeflingtonJnveslment · arid Manufacturing Corp v. . than,his./hei-av:erage daily eaqiings·tor the last ?.· ['. Tr~j;!lno;·<;ik:No.'ft469.f3.Jtily3, 1995). . ·. ,actua.i work oays·precedirig .. the re·gular"holidlly;- . ~· : · · · · provided, however.;. that ·111- i:io .. c:ase ·~hall. the ·· t:;. WorJ(.·. perf<;>rmed that. day' tn~rits. at· 1east holiday ·pay-be.leS:fthan the applicabl~ .s!atutory · ~ (200%} th~ :daily' ~a.ge . of· tlie emp!pyee (2019 · ·mi.nirnum "{°agerate. .. . . . · · ... Handbookpn Wqrkers'Statutory MonetaryBenefits, · ·2: Seasoni:i.l work~rs may not b·e:paid the r~quii-ed 1( • j:,; '13),. ' . . . .. hol.iday p'ay during off season.when·they'l:(re'not t,'. ' ' . . . .at wor:k. . . . . ... : .. . . :. ( .. -Holfday Pay 'of Monthly .Paid Emp.loye~s ·. . 3. · Wcikers who. c;Jo ·not have.regul!=lr-working d1:1ys. t~ The· : divisor.· aisumes: ·an · importa~t. 'ro.1e· in·.,· , . ·such as stevedores, ·shall be· entitrea to this t~· ·.de.termining wh~thei- or not holiday· pay _is.'·already . . ben~fit (2019 Handbook orl' Workers' Statutory included· i.n the.rnoht.hJy paid ei:oploye~;~.salary . .The . Benents·p. 15). '. ' .. u·se of. 314· as a divisor leads· to· the· inevitable con'cll.lsion ~at the 1 legal 'holidays :arei ~)ready ;:, . include~ therein (Producers [;!ailk. of-the PHL v: '-' NJ..:RC, .G:R, No. 10070'1, Mai'ch28, 2001); ·
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Formula to Compute.Wages 'on Holidays (Labor effectivity qf the .Code (/RR of Labor Code, Book . Aayisory No. 10, (2017) · · · . · · · Ill, Rule Ill, ·sec. 8).' 1. For regular holidays, the following· rules shall apply: · · List .of Spec'ial Days : a.' During employee's regular workday . . · .1. National i. If unworked - (Daily rate · + Cost. of · '. a. All Saint's Day~ 'Novernber 1 · · Living Allowance) x 100% · . b, Last Day of the Year- December :34 ii. · If worked., . . .. . . .. . c. , NiiloYAquino Day - Monday nearest August 1) · 1•1 8 hrs. - .. (Paily rate + COLA) x . 21 (R.A..No. 9492, July 25, .2007): 200% . . · · · · ,· · :. ·. d. .Other days declared by law . 2) Excess·of 8 hrs. - (Hourfvrateof the 2. · Local · i · . · · basic d.aily. wa·ge.x 200%. x ·130o/o x Those d~'~lat,ectbylawor brdinance:(e·.g. Makati . . number' of hours worked:) .: . Day.for Makati City only) '. · b. .During employeets' rest· day. .· . .,t. .. . . · · .· 1 . , • · : . . i. If unworked r: (Dally .rate + COLA) .x . Note_: Holidays, except those wtiich are religious 100% · ·· · .;.in -nature, arernoved to the__ nearest Mo_nday, Ii. ·.If worked; . : unless . otherwise modified · by. Jaw, order or .1.. 1 •1 a_, hrs. - [(Daily- rate .+ Cb LA) x ~· proclamation (RA: No. 9492 or. the f:{olida'y . 200%] +.(30o/~· (Dally.rate ·"''fOe_o/'?)k:::=-'":"'"r..== Economics Lew). · . 2. Exc~ss,~f 8 hrs:..,_ (Hourly f_p.t&"~f~bey t " ~·-~~<. . . .. · · •.· · _bas~cdaily wag.e_x 20~...%'':! ?Re.9~i~r H,olid~y.v, Special tfoliday: . 130 Yox number of hdllr:f"wof~5!'~-==,,, .... ,;...,,,, ·,:,r,, • , · ,~·~ ~'v::~,:,·
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;3. _Fqr. those. ·declared· as speciai workiog · hoH~ays,. the f9llowing rules sha·!I :apply:· a;: -F9r work performed.' an emplOY!:'!!{is:entitled · · only.·to.his basic rate. · · ·:: ·. . . · ·· b. No premj1.im . pay is requifed. since work · · · pe_rfonned on said days· is c9nsjdered work, ·. r.on : 6rdlnary working days. {1 AZUCENA, sqpra.at,28:4).· .. ·
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·.· ·1s,.f004) ... '. '_:.···: : ·... . · . ~: . Three t,undre~· percent (309t'o) if he VfO!ked on · · . 2. r~gular holidays fa_lling . on· the · same.. day · . (Manual ~n.Lab_or'-Standards,.20.04); 390% if · ·reported for "':'Ork on: a do.ub_le·holiday which is · also -his re~t day, where.h~ is now. entitled to an additional 30% ,based .on. the·· rate·of 300% ior . tha~ day (2919· Handbook on ..Wo;ker.s'Mqneiary
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Not~: Employees who are on J~ave ·of absence without pay on the· day immediately_ greceding · a regular holltlay_m,wnot b~ paid the re.qu_ired holida_y pay if they do not.work on such regular holiday (2_0_19 . · Handbook on ,W,orkers'·Statutory Mone!ary Benefits, p.-14), . . . . . , . . .
Note: Ot.he~ise, he must work on the 1.ct holiday.to. be entitled to holiday 'pay' on the. 2nd ~egula'r h.oliday (/RR of LA$0R COQE, Book II': Rule IV, Sec. 10).
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Where the day immediately pr'~ceding ·t119.h61iday is · · a n~:m-work day in· .tt,E,} ·_establishment 91"· ._the ...' schedulsd r.est day .cifthe em13Joyee, he/she shall not ·be deemed to' on-leave of absence ori that day;'in, whic;h ·case. he/she shal.l be ~ntltled tQ .tt-i'E(holiday · pay if he/she ~brk-ed :on:. the· :ciay . ir:orrredfately . preceding the.· noh~Work. day or !e~t .day Ji0.19· Handboo/5.on Workers'Statutory,Monetary Benefits, p; 1_5).· ·. ..,. .. . . ', . . .
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1 ~ . i:_emp~r'ary or P~~,0~1.c !lhtrtc:Jp~n _a.~_d~empp_~ary. · cessaMn_ ~f wc;>rk ·. of -~.~ esta~l1Sh1!1ent. -:- ~he .. reg1,1l_ar hpl1d~ys f~lhng within .the penod shall·.be ~ompe~sat~d.,. .. · . · . .- • · . , · . ·. ·· 2. Ce~satr~ri. «;>f_ope~t10~. of an_ e_nt~rp!1s~ d~~ .~0. .bl!~m~ss· ·-reverses.. as . -aut_h~nze.o :_- by th~ .. 'Secreta~y of labor_...: the regu_lE;tr '1'ollday_rnay r:iot . . . . be pai9 ~Y. th~ em·ployer:(/RR·of LJ.l,B.OR.COPE, ·. ·. Book/I/, Rafe IV, Seo."?J... · '..::.· . .. : Succe~sive ·ReQular H~lldays · · · '· ·. . ·. i o be entitled to· holiday pay. ih . case of two (7) su'ccessi,;,e holidays, th~ emplo.yee mt;Jst:. . ' .· · 1. s~· present on ttre_ day· inim~diatEily·preceding ·:. the first holiday; or · • . . . · . • . , 2. Be: on · 1eave . wi~h pay (2019 · Han.db.09k . pn · Woi'k~r·s'Statutory_MbnetB{YBenefits, p. ·10). : ·
· .started working including ,au.thorized ·abse.nces··ar:iq paid regu_l.i!r holiclays unfe.!ls.the .(lumber :of w~rki_ng ... ,days ·in the est~blist:imer:it,. as a m~_tter,of_.pr:acpc~'.or.' policy cir as pr.ovided·jn t_he _employmen_t'contr~ct, is· less .than 12· months (/RR of-Lab.or Code, Book.I]/, -Rule v, ~sec. 3). , .. ' . . ·. : ... · . . . . . . . . ·. . . ·· .Purpose.: To·serve as·a.motivE;ttion. for th~· e)nploy~e ,tQ st'ay,.l_onger.:wi'th·'!he-employer. (JPL Marke.{in9 f'rorr,otions v. ·GA; G.R. N9. 151f}.66; /uly 8, 200p):.- ·, Note: Pa'rt-titne.Workers are' entitlefd to. SIL.'The teaso.n'is that ·provisions of Art. 95 'ot the L,ab_or Cod{;} ai,d lis i!l)pl~mentir:i.9 _rulel? speak of tne number of · . ·months in. c1 year for ent_itlement· to said· benefit. . . Conseq1.1enlly,_ part~time ernJ).loyees-are all?O en!it,led.
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. year from the date she started working u.ntll the date of her actual reinstatement (linbuidov, Nl,.RC, G.R. · f::l(}.114734, March.31,. 2000). · · ·
-to the full five days SIL benefit and !"IQ~ on a-pro-rata basis (1. AZ,UCENAP-245). ·
SIL does not apply to the followlnq: (GoManRu.le'on Prescription of Claim f.or SIL .. ' FiVa,Ben10-Per) · . . Art. 306 ·of tlie L.abor Code is·:nofa prescription 6fa 1. 'Empfoyees of the Government; .. · . ·.perjod of time for the ·computation· cif money.claims 2. . Maiiagerial .ernployees .as defined in Book III; . ·· but is a prescription of filing an:action.upon monetary. 3. · Field personnel'. whose.. : performance. Is . . claims from the 'time the' cause of action. accrued . unsupervised. or· those· who are paid a-flxed . The employee may use hrs servic(;l ·incehtiv~· leave· amount Jor perforrnlnq. work irrespective of ttie benefits as leave dc;1ys or.he.rriay.coilect its moneta'ry . · 'time·consv!lled'in··the performance thereof; value. To limit. the award to ·three (3). 'years is to . . 4: Those already enjQying. Vacation leave with pay for.at least 5. days; · . :· ,· . : . ·_ · . untj1,J!y. restrtct such. righf(Fe,r.n~ndezv.. NLRC; G.R. · · No,.'105892, January 28, .1~98J. · ·· · : :5 .... Those already enjoying (he said Benefits;: · 6. Those : employed . in: establishments regurarJy.. . employing. less than ·10 employees -(!RR 'of the. . It can. ·b~ . deduced that the cause . pf- a_9tion -of LAEJ.OR CODE, Book Ill, Rufe V, Sec. 1);".and entitled employee-to claim his· SIL pay accrues from · ·7. Persons in the Personal- service· of another the moment ttreemployerrefuseste.remuneratelts: . '.12019 .. Handboo~ on Workers' Sl~tut~~:=i-...,.._:.-:-mg~~ta'ry;eqa1.v~l.erit:if.the errli?IOye~·.di.d not m~ke . Monetary [:Jenefi_ls,.p. ?,6). · . . 'iur· · ·~sE:;o~~~ld·leav~ 9r~.dits.bll\ inste~d ch<;>s~ to avaiJ = · . · · . .. . . ~·_-(}"· · f:?\,._ \ }l.JtSi}Cofjfn:lutat1on.· Accordinqly, ,1f the .. employee· _Note; ~mployees engaged o~. t~isl< o :c~~~c!J>~~r-=,..:.~~nlfs-t<J 5.J.C~tt!.ul~te hi_s lea~e cr~~its.and:opts · or paid_ 'on purely comrmssror ,ibas.i~-_;~e"''not· _/s COllJJ!11'.lta~1?'\:~0!)h1~ res1gnaU~n or:se~~ra,tion automatically exempted from th~{grahf9fSJ(: u_gle~".'"~~~frem ...~i:npJ<;>f.ment,~is cause .of action · to claim -the . they fall under !he· classificali
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.N<>~e·: Bas.i~ of °Contersion :sha;l·be th~ ·s~l.a;y rate at· . ' .... -E~p;oye~·s ·....,·!~~· S_aiar;~s abo~e·M~~im~~.vit~ge . the ·date·· of . coriimutatio.n: · The . availnient a·na ·commutation ·of the 'service incenti\}e' leave benefit' m~y·. be OIJ pro-ra!a basis (2019. Ha_ndbook on Work~rs· StE1t(!loryMor:etary.Bene(it,p. 27). ·
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I
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2019 SAN SEDA LAI/I/ CENTRA'7IZED BAR OPERA"]:ION~
,Th!3..difference ·l;>etween the minimum· wage a.nd the. .?ctual salary. received ·.~y.the em'ployees 9.=,mnot'be ·dElE!rried . as .. their 131h month. pay ~nd. ·seryice . inc;entive · leav~·. pay as'· such diffetence is· not .. equivalent ·to ·ar of the·.. same impor.t as the· said. ' benefits conterpplated· by ·.. .law (JPL Marketing.. Promotionsv. CA, G.R. N9. 15196.6, Jufy·B, 2005). · . .
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'.:·VACATION AND SICK-LEAVE ·-:;__- VL and SL are.notstatutorily required. They are a: 1. Matter qt management discretlon; or . · .. 2. Product of collective ··t>arg':"lining_. agreement (1 ": .. · AZUCENA, ·supra at 299). · · ·
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ARTICL;E 96: SERVICE ·CHARGES Ail service. charges collected by hotels, restaurants ai:,d sim[lar establishments shall tie' .di$tributed as follows: · 1. Eighty-five percent.· (85%) · for all ~overed .employees (to· be equall_y d\sttibuted among th_er.ri);' and . . 2.. F\ft~~n percent · (15%) . for disposition by managemeAt '10. answer··. for. losses. and 'breakagis· an·d. at the discretion of discretion. of. u;e· m~nagement, disfribatio!". to mana.gerial .emp_loyees (/RR of· LABOR CODE, Book Ill, ~ule. V/,. s~.c ·3). · '·
' . ' . ' .. ' . '.· In the grant of vacation and sick leave._privileges to
an employee, the employer ls' giv.en -leeway. to ~~' impose conditions 9n ·the entitlement to the same as· st · the grant of vacation and sick leave is not a standard of law, but apreroqative oi management: lt'is a mere ' ··con·~es~ion ~r- act.of q'rac~_·o! tll'e 'employer and·~ot .. '.f. · a...ma~er- of.right on the part of the employee. Thus, .. •( < it is w~II ·within the: power .'ancl ·authority of an: 1:t. -varnployer to. deny an employee's apptlcatien: for · ~'/_ leave -and. the same cannot, be perceived. ·:as· . -~{ . dlscrimlnatory harassment · {Sugu~. v. Triumph ;?,;_;·. intem'a(iof)al PHL. lnc., G.'R. No.. 164804, January ·{ •. 30, 2Q09). ·, . -. . :· . . · :·: ·
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Coverage· Apply:.. ·_oniy to hotels, restaurants and similar 'establishments collecting servlcecharqss. ~-·-f4~ ... · . . . ,. f/! J.a ~ : .. "° . °' . . . . ·1 All·. _t;mployees..ere _~o.vered, _ r~gardless of their. . • • • , _ ;~;;,•~ ~ ~,sttion, ,:,-~~s1gnation, employment . status, , , .. · ·.. . ,,· "-~,if~;f~spec.ti¥fo'-<>tthe method by whjchtheir wages are Man~atory: · · ·. l~gally Volµ_n1ary gra,!1tj~su_lt~ , :v !i pai_d'e3<e~pt:'nJ,anage~ial':employees·{!RR of J..ABOR required (LABOR from: ;l~~~mp_loyer's: 11':,"';J · cooe. Boo~r· 11, Ru_le VI, Sec. 1°2): ··. ·· . . , .cpDE'. Art_ 95). . . di~cr~Uona~))~:~lic( ~ :C:<" : . ·. . .. } \ : .· · _. . · · . fro,n the C~. (:\~ : . i(~l. Frequen~y D1'Strib'L!tlon· . . . . . . . . · ~,.. ~ft.::;";;. · ' {}~ . The s~~W~s rffe~d::tO'· hei"eln sh~II _pe. distributed ~- ti.,.:~ .and .pa1!\j.'to ettiploy.~es··no~less than once·every two .Z,/ ··, .• '"-.JI· . m1f.~!'.!&l;;Jytj~~7 a. month ... at· lnfeivals ·not· ~: . .ihte.ri~e~ ·io c1l.le~i~te_the: IJJteti't!_~ ~9-"?~:~?fd··~i; · :' .~}1· ·exqeeclmg:~t§!_qg;ys~(f~Rof LABOR CODE, Book !If. i';t · . economic . cond1t1on. of .labore~~cba_pce·to ge~~ ·.. t~"j . Rute· VJ,. $ec.. 4). · · the w_orker.Hor"i~-acts ~s m_ych . ~J~~e! )~.st··. t~. · . ~!, replacement. for regular . replenish~- h1~-~6i:nout H~''. .Rule·.i-n cas~ of Abotition . . ~· ,. ·,. income. "that would not ·energies. ·a9,c(. acq1,,1_ifp:~i.-.£,~''ir/'lfiet:t~~)s_ervice Charge is abolished, the share·of . earf1e.~ during. such n~w vitalitN~~ ·-~~aJjl_~ . . .· . tl,_le' ' covered. ·..employees stia!I · be ' ,considered . ,~··: · · instance.· · .him to .effjc1e_n\J.Y;P,_~1~.r:i:n jntegrated.iri .fr:ieir.. wages.. . . · . · ~~ · hii,;. d~tif;lS ~nd not'nierely. .' . ~--:-.' '' ·.. . . ' · ·: '. . . . · . . · . · i',. ' • ' . ·. ' . . ... W . . . to _giv~- .him ~dditional The.~~sis;of-th~·a_mo.uri.~t<;> be integrated sh~li'be. the ;;-: salary. average_ share·:of. each employe'¢. for the p~st · 1·2 W. . !'J10111hS imme9iately.. ,preceding ..tJi~· 8QOlit.ion or _wittidtciwal of ~uc_h charg~s (/RR of LABOR CODE,· )1: : ·cann6t be waivi;id.: Must be d.eman·ded:in its Book:/11,Rul~· VI, Se_o. 9). · . . · . · .. .. . ·opportune . ' " time-,' ·Pooled Tip~ . · ·. · ·Othe.rwise, _13ilence WO.Uld .· Wliere. an establishmerit does not collect service · equate. ·to.· waiver, the ' ' ·charges but has a: practice or policy of pooling ti"ps ' :same · .. being ' -~ mere . giyen voluntarily by fti cus.tom"er~.'tfie pooled 'tips . . . ·~oncession . or':. ac:::t .'of. ·, should-~ monitored, acc6tmte~ for. a'nd .distributed . . :gr,ace-of~mployer:· .. in-Jhe:"same. niann~r. as. the service· charges .'(201~
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· CHAPTER I: PRELIMINARY MATTERS
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hi'?ltiF#fiWi5iffS, 'Rt'M''thvi!*Ut-iiti&WW&iffitLtil
Equal Pay for Equal .Work . Employees holdin(j'the.same posltlon and rank are presumed to be performing equal ·work. The rule . equal pay . for , equal work ·. applies· . whether the employee is hired locally or abroad (International S.cf10ol Allian,ce of Educators v. · Quisumbing, G.R-, No .. 128845, June 1, 2000). · · . Cd.mmis.slOn js a direct remuneration .received by . an. !iQent; salesman. executor, broker .: or trustee. calculated as a percentage on the amount. of. !'Jis . . transacticns or on the 'profit to the. principal (Black's.. Law Dictionary,· 5th · e«, citing Weiner v.: . Sw.~les, · 217Md: 123, 141 A':?d'749,.750)> ' . -. · ..
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J:=aii·:·o~·y'.s. W~ge· for a, F~'ir Oay~s. Labor {"No: Work, No.Pay Principle") : . · · • . . . . J{tllere is no work.performed l:ly the employee, there · can be no wi:!ge or-pay unless the laborer was able.. : -. ...willing: and ready to work .but was illegally locked out, suspended or dismissed oroiherwlss me~ally . prevented from wor~iog (Aklan Electric Coopereiive · v. NLRC, G.R. No.-121439; Jan_uary.25,·2000).:·
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2019 SAN. SEDA_LAW CE~TRALIZED BA~ OPERATIONS
lterns · of . expense Items whi6h.·cims.tiiute extra ·for · the ·ret:nµneratio.n.. · or. .: spE!ciat· . laborer's and ·· -hls _privileges, or benefits. given family's· . existence to . 'or ·. reeeived . by the and subsistence.: laborers, over . and above . their. ordinary. . .. earninqs . ' and wa_ges.
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For a r.etail/service estat;>lishment to be e~empted ftom .the co,;,erage of the minimum wage.lEIW, it-must be. shown that · the. establishment is reguiarly ."employii}g not. more than 10 ~orkers and" had applied for exemptions :with and· as determineq by . the :appropriate Re·gional Bo"ard (C. flaoas Commercial v. NJ,.RC,·G.R. No .. 1.44619, Novemb.er. ·11; 2Q05). .. . .
lndeper:,dent"qf ihe wage .. · · :
De~u~tit:>1~.from.the_ .. Not·wage deouctible. . . ·.,. . . . . .. wage.. · .. · .• ;): .(CHA,N, sµpra· at _1"43-144).
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cir. other ·~onve.nieince·provided by. · ·;~._: the ~mploye( are· deemed supplements if they· are ·,;~,·granted .for· the' convenil:mce of tlie . employer: The . • ':·' ' criterion in . making a .distinction :. between · a supplement ·and a fa9flity .do~s.not lie_ in _the kind. but :>,-: · in its· purpo$.e."(Mayon Hotel & Rf?sla.urant v: Adanc1, ~:·· G.f?, 157684, May 16, 2005). ·_ .·: .•. ·. ·. · · · ··.: .. · ' . . .
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Note: ,'fhe ·. phrase· '-'regu/arlY. .empfqyfr.,g"· means . .. more.or less.un_iform or usual number. of employees·. employed by a retai!/ser.vice .enterprise.. cfl,J(ihg· its.· normal operations (1 ·AZUCENA, .supia·at 324) • MINIMUJ 0
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. \·.- Gr;tuity .ls- .sornethinq given:· ·tr.e~ly · .or without· . ARTICLE'99: REGIONAL MINIMUM WAGES #..°. · recompense' to reward employees· who have .Minimum Wage is the lowest {basic)" wage rate t>r.endere_d satlsfactory -and efficient· .service to the .flxed by law that.an emptoyercan pay his workers ~- ··company. 'lt does not form· part of the··wage :(1 /'":). (/RR of R.A. 6727). Compensation which is less than {_-.·, ~-zuc_.e._NA.:1 supra a:t 311-312_.1:.· · ·_.· . . /'.:.<,-:(;~,•.(_ 'such rri·inimum rate is.considered .an underpayment ,. I , that violates the.la..w (1 AZUCENA: supra at_317) ... "' · Alfo~ances are- the a~oµnts of money,. whichl ;:i~it' ·, ·: i ·. '\ • . . . not p_a!1·of wa!;les, but. ;::i~e- gi"'.en In ~c;msi~eratiopj9f. ·. '.. ;\L.J~_~,,_n:iinim~m,,Wage~ixed by law. i~. mandatory: thus, . certain . e?'pens~s: · IJ~e ·:transportatrorr .;.,,~an}SI; f ~:.7..dt.l.{../J9".1.-w~Jy0~bleand non-neqotiable (PAM Co. v. ·;·: ·. representation (M1/l~res v:.NLRC; G.R._ Ng.. .4;2-2827; :,_; PAMEA~_F_FWi:G .. R:-(V9. L-35:?54, Ja_nl!ary.29, 197:J).
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C,01/A~s"~~ot·iri the nature :of a_n' allowance., 1':31h M~n~.tt~aY, ln_clud~d m.~he ~efln!J.l09\Qf,,,Wage intended· H re!r.nburse ·exp~nses 1t,~~rred . ~Y. ,, :he e,v1de_ri! mte')t_1':)~ of P~es1deJ1,~~0.ec_r~~~~~851,.,· L,, .. e_mpl?YeJw t~ performajtce · ~f. th~1r .offlelal ~;· ts.to grant an additional m~or,rt~!.!1th~,.,fofm.of thf:l'~. functions; not:wayment.ln conslderation of)he, 131h_ m~>nth_ p~y ,~o. employee4~?(al~?~~h~ei~IJ:~_-... I~:;·~ fulfill~'nt\tj[~~l.~f!'ru,ly.'_As deftn~d. ~cost of living~_ f'. .. the . ·same.·: Cl~~IX, -.as · ~dd1t~~nald,!}~~"\lfe?· t-tb;.~jrefers tS'-~eef~'llel~'..pn~s re~~ting_ ~o a. r.:inge of [' · 131~ n:ont~ pay .1.s· 1ncl!-Jded. ,n :t,t,e:1e!n~~1.or;t&_wag7 : ~ everyday i!ems~·br ."the c«;>~t qf purch:3~1ng the gq~ds an.~er.Article ·97(f) of the \~b~r- Cod{i;ffo~1.1'.\ich cln . ,and serv[ces w.~ich a~e · mclud~~ m an-'ac;cepted t.: . . employer i.s):>rohiblted under Articl? .. 11-~)?99~ ~ame ...,1::·~~\(~9imt.J.~v~I of· con~u_niption." ~l'l~!:id. ;on this ... Code from · making · any, _d_ed_uction~<~ltflout/~t~__,_,..!f~p·Femiser-©OLA · is a benefit int~nded t~: cover _employee's. kno""'.'l~dge arid -qqns~nt'/~r/ab.f/d/v. . ·increases:in_ th~ cost.ot.li':'ing (1..CHAN; 15)._. · . f ·. NLRC; G.R: No .. 158693, _Nq\i.~l'r}ber 1?},· 1P,.Q,_4J\ . · · , ·. ···. - · : · ·. , · · f ; . . . ; . · . .. . . . . : ·. . · . -· Ability Pay lmmaterl~I ;·.. .. . .. ARTICLE .98: .APPLICATION OF TITLE · ,: , The ·e·mployer ca·nnot.e·xempt t:)lmseli fron:t liabiliry ;. . G"en~r,;jl Ru.le_:·.:-t~e rme. on W~ge!;i appiies tP all" to pay minimum Wages" becc1u:s:e"of poor-fif)ari.qial .. .. _employee~'. .. - . . . . . ... / .. , . : . . . . condition .of ttie con1pany; the. payme.nt of mii")_i.m.um. wages"ls no~ dej)ende~t on-the erriploy~"r'_s ability.to Exc-~ptio.ns:.(.FaHo2·Co2Ba}· . pay. (Pe Racho v. Municip¥J.litY.of lla[Jan, G.R. No .. ( :Farm te.naricy o.r le~sehoi°d;·· . L-23$42, January :Z, :1968): · . . : ·, . .\· ·,..". .. i. Household or..dom~sti~ helpers;' . . . . . . :· . . . . .. ·" Es_toppel NotApplicabJe. · ,.. · .. . · · . ... . 3. Hornewotkers.engaged in needl~work; .: . .:... .ttie ,icceptance by.an,employe~ oflhe wages·.paid· . 4.: Wbrk~rs: eimployed'· in·_ any . establishmEmt _·d1J!.y . . . . . registered .with ._the Nation~.1 Cottage lni;lustry · to · hi_m ·· with_ou( ·obj~qi6f! .'do~s n9t giv~. dse: to. · . e5toj;)pe~·preclu<:lir:ig:nirrff(?lll:SCJ!'19 for the ..difference . . . ' Oeve_lopme1:Jt. Authority (~_ACIDA} · (LABOR between .the amouhl u~ceived arid. the· amoun·t he · · CODE, Art. 98); . . . .. · · shoukf"have r~eived "pu"rsuant to.-a valid minimum .. 5. :' -Work~-rs· rn d4ly register.e<:I £Q_operatives·wh_e!l .. so re.commended by the Bureau of Coopera_t1ye · . wage l "of LABOR CODE, Book Ill, ROie VII, .Sec .. 3); and · ... ·. . Wo;ke"rs of. ·a·· Barangay Micro Busines~. ., Enlerprise (R.A..91._7~). ., . . .
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. The employer is. unde·r no obligation to implement _a Wage Order· a~ross the board. ·Only those employees receiving salaries below the prescribed minimum wag.a .are entitled _to"the .wage increase pr~vided there1n (Pag-Asa Steei' Works, lnc.:v. CA,
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Non-Diminution Rule Generai Rule: Nothing in the labor Cod~ shall construed to eliminate or . in any. way· diminish . s~pplements, or other employee bene'rifs being · · enjoyed at the .time .of promulgation of this. Cocle
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. Th~s, -ben~fits being ·giv~r:, to -~rnployees ca~not be. ···taken. back 0( reduced unilaterally by the employer . ·because .. the 'benefit. has. become part of .the . ... 'employment contraet, written.or unwritten (Central . .• .
Aiuc.arera de Tarlac v. 'central Azucarera._de· iartac .
1-A-g-r-ic--'Li:._lt:._ur-e-,-. ..+-p-4-'7"'"5.. -._1-.p-·.: -'._--:--.+ . .:. ,P-5-0~0~--1_ ., __ ._·,Labor Union-NLU; G.R:No. 188949,."July 26; ·?010). 2-5·. (Plantation· and· . : ·.:. oroper_·l~gal b~ses ~or th~.in;o~ation of Non PlantationY ,. ,i,,. u l .-v- -~ .. · . ., -~ . , '":. -'.:,.,,; ~- ·_ ., ~tnctr,re_::-~~tany benefit or suppleme~t b~ing . Retilil/Sei:vice. · . P475 P25 / "ll.?500"' ~;.::.: ~c=<-eriJQ.t~d/;,PY ,~~P.IOy!iles .~annot be reduced, 'EstablishmeAts · _..,_,,;_--=o00~...,:_disco~tiri~e9,;;t]t,e1jrn.i~~ted b}' the e'I.;!ploye_r are the , employing . · 1s · - .f . ":?" ~,}!;: toflb-wm~:-~V· -l'~ . · . . ·. · workers orless f l j .. r · ··The~~o~~ti~t~dn·:~ec.18, A,:t JI-and Se.c. ~' Art .. ,' . /' .i -. . ~ .1J_. · XIII)~ .. .: r., \) '. · · _ . Manufacturing P475 fl P~OO · ,.. V~~Z.~-Ar.L4 of.th9t~lior fode; .. . . :· -Establishments _ .,,_/if>"!J' ~ :· . ~:_:_ ~ft.i",,.~Pr~ss. t~r~onan employment agreement; r~gul~r:t.x . ~1 x, ~and l \\. . . · ·_ - . . . . · , · · e~pl9yin.9. les~ : .. ;·~.,,..:-=~ ~ ._ ; .. '!_b(:~,;;r-Jlif,r~ COIJW.?llY'Prdctic"'§ »vhi~!i refers. to the' implied than 10 worke~s . ~ ~\\L;:__~ :..::1-~c --teriih~ an(~mp_l.P)fmentagreement wt,ich the . 11 .· . · · . · · ··. · , ~_( .,f) 'k - ~~-~ ·:-. ~ · e_~~ .er. hfrfrliefl~.voluntarily and consistently · _AR:flC_LE ·. 100:. · ~RO~J_BITI_O~ .. ~~ ..~~-:--· _}!~Jo \ts:_.eWploye'?s.and thus cannot be, ELIMINATION OR DIMINUTION:Of"¥NE. ./GiW_Lt-.c:1rawn' eJ
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. · No~ei:°Jt' it is· a P~if error that. is b~!ng correct~d; ~o · vested right may be saic;I .to have arisen - n.on,my .. diminution· of benefit under Art. 100 may be said. to · have .resulted b.y yirtu_e · of. ttie corr~ction (rSPIC . · Co,:p; v. _TSPIC_f=mployees'Uni(!n, February 13,' 2008).
G:R:_ No. 163419,
.6Q I ?019 SAN BEDA LAW C!=NTRAIJ~EQ.BAR. O.PERATIONS
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The amount granted a·l"!d paid to an emplpyee for his_ · indu~trY:an_d'.Joyal_tywhich ·contributed-to.tlie's.u'cces~ o_f the employe~s. busin~s ·and mad~_j)Ossiole.the · realizatioa. Qf profits (1 AZUCEN'A, supra. at -335· 33~).
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~f right. It ·.is a management prerogative, given in addition what is _ordinarily received by or strictly }'. due the recipient iProducersBenkv-. NLRC, G.R. %t . No. 100701, March 28, 2001).
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Exceptions: . . . . When, it was promised to be give.n withou.t any ··' conditions .imposed for. its· payment in Y>!hich case' it' is deemed part-of the wage; .and · · · 2, Wh.eh it has ripened .into practlce. (Martos . V; NLRC, ,G.R. No. 1.11744, Septembe.r ?, 1995) .. . ,· . . . ·.. . . Not~; To.b~ ccmsid'erectaiegularpractice;th.e giving. of the bonus should havebeen done-over a· long period. of time and must be .shown to have been : consistent and detlberate (~asterri'Telecom Phils: v.. Eastern Telecoms Employees.:. Unlon, . G.R.. 'No.
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. 5. fremium pay (conditionaf); .6. Aoliday·pay; · 7. Qther benefits. gr.anted by law; il'!dividual. coll!;ictlve bargaining agreements or company . p9licy or pra'ctice; · 8'. t?ighf shi~ differential pay; and . . . 121.h month pay (BWC Letter to the Director-NCR
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Note: Th~ r:ules implementing .the labor Co<;fe on: NSD and SlL do ·not apply to emplqyees·wJ,os,etirpe · 'and . perforrrjance .. are'· unsupervised: b'Y, the· eri:iployers, including thosewho are engagi?J:i·or1'task · 6r-.c::ontract bash:,, p_u'rely comrnissiori.or those who . are . paid a fixed .. amount.' for performing '• w~xk .· irrespective. of the time· cqnsumed in the-. perfoA11ance 'thereof (!RR of LABOR ·cooE, Book Iii, Rules II and V): . · ·
·. ·.: ·: . ·. . ·. . ·., . . . /.."'ARTICLE 101.; PAYMENT RE.~~qs : . Wor.k~rs Pal,d :o~ Piece~Rat~ Ba~is ~_re thos~ fryP((;.:~·~ CHAPTER Ill: PAYMENT OF..WAGE.S are paid ·a standard ai:nount f?r every piece.er ur.i119f ;,. ,,,,\,1 . . ·. : . · work produced that· is .rnore or_ less· r~gul5!rlM--, ...... l.;~~:nCLE,1,..02:FORM~ OF PAYMENT. · re~lica!e.d_, ,w_ithout ·-regard. to· the }i~e ·sp~,9( f):)'.';°.'{r"''·~ml}J9,ye~.;~_a!mot PayHis W~rkers.by means of: producing the same ·(Revised. ·Gwdeflnesf[on the vjr (V-PAe2lf2-Ft\ · . . . : · · · ' fmplemenfRfin.n the t'3111 Month Pay(fi~~;2(d))_. i . 1·.. You_c~en~\, ... ·. · . . . . ·. . . . · ·. . : ·. . · · .· · fk '.t · . • ~ ~h 2. ·Prom,sfo.qy-~otes· . c·ategorie.s.c;,fWorkers·~aid.by 3. -~y op.Je~t o~e-r-ilolan f~_gal'tt:!'_lder-; 1 · As to.Presence of c_on,tro);-:-.fo"" 4tJ~v .~ 4. f.oufton;;~ -~ · ' a. Sl!i>e"':'l~ed .-:- V'_J~rk~~?Jrectly;)~nder.. tt:i~· .{"j 5. ·£hit~;-~ · ·.. · ~uperv1s1on. pt their. lff!Jp.loy~S.:@!1J..·.pl~,- . t;?. 6. !~tP!j:-:SW~':;:_;.~9' . ·· .. rat~.worker). · · · ~:,;. · ·~-i-~ ·· .. '~1f · .. 7. I1ct.ets:J..I..A£J:eY'if'c_oDE,.Art, 102). · .
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~_ny ~.ther · for~: to. ref)r~sent. re~a_L' dire~tly sµperv1s_ecl ·bY,Jt,_e·.eg).P.!9~er_ (e.~. J.:hr1t~r:ic;1~~·1~~solutely.proh1b1tedev~n wh~n expres;:ily · P~k1aw or_ "J:a(<,ay~ (1: AZ[!Ctf((1• .su,ya~---~-:.4~ues(eff,fjy the ~mployee (/RR of LABOR.CODE, . . 346). • . . · . . . . _.;. fl:v( _, . Book W; R,ufe VIII, Sec. 1). . . .: ·.. · -2 .. :~ to Rate_of.Pay~~-n~ . . , -:-~~5 . ·. . . . . . .· ·. · · · · . , · . · : · a .. iThose paid piece rates. as _prescnb~d in General. Rule: PaY.fllef)t shaJJ· . .be made rn legal 'Piece Rate Orders by,the·QOLE: ..-_ ·. .· . · tender -(/RR 'of LABOR CODE;- Book 11/,·Ru/e. VII/; · b. ·: Those ·. p,aid · . output',: rate_s- which are Sec: 1F. .. · · · · . prescribed·by the,ertjployer·and ar:e not:yet . . .. ,. · ... , · . approved.by t~e .DQLI; (1.AZUCENA,.S(!pri/ . ~xceptions·: Paym.eht by check or money order..may" · . at349). · ·. ,· · . ··.: ..... ·,,: .. · :.. ·. be allowed.if the same is: · · · ·' · . . .. . 1 .. ·customary on the date .of effeciiyity the Labor · · Gode; · · :.- ·· . . . . · · : W0rk~rs·paid by-res.uJts·includ.l,:igthose·y.,ho are ·paid ' 2,· .Ni:l'cessary bec~yse c:if.sp.eqial_circum~tances as · .· on piece-work, ~taka;I.',:, "pf3kiao.'·' or task· basis- ~hall· .. ._determined- by.th~ S~cretary of:Labor; . . · · . r.eceive nc:>t'· re~s than.. the' . prescrib~d" statutory· 3. · Stipu~ated jh' the· CBA; or _. .. ·: . · · . minimum w~ge· rate ·for an eight-ho~r. work· <;>r a . 4. Where.the following conditi\ms are.met: (1PRC) .. : · pr~l°portion ·thereof ·fQf ·1~ss th~.n· eight' hour~ wprk · · .a.·.:. There ls . a bank ·. of · other fac.jlity f9r (JRR of LABOR COP!=, .Book fll(.Rule'.V/1, Se'?; 9) .. _.· e_ncast)ment ·w1t~in a_. rad'lus of QnEf (1} k_ilometer from (he w9rkpl.ace: . . Bel')efits. ·Payabl~. to ·.P.iec~~R~te Workers whose. b. The·. employer: -~r. ·any .of· ~i.s· agents or Work' j~ Directly. Sup~rvi~~d. .'by.,the. Eri,pJoyer: · (MpS2·PHON..;13) .. . representatives, does ·riot receive. 'any . . fec:un.iary benefit.d!rectly or indire'citly from 1. ·• Meal"and rest perio_ds; the arrangeme~t; · 2 ... , Qvertime pay ( conditional);.. . 3. Applicable ,§tatut0ry m_inimum gaily rate; . . .· .· .. , . . .
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The employees are given _BeasonaQle time · during banking hours to .wlthdraw their. wages from the bank which time shall be · considered as compensable hours worked if done during,working hours; and d. The payment by check is With the written. £onsent ·of the :~mployees concerned if there.is no CBA authorizing th·e payment ~ :Wages by bank checks (IF?R. of· LABOR QDE;· Book· t~1;_R. "". v11_1. -s.ec. 2).':..
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Requisit~~ for.Payment thru Bahks;·(OWE)
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within Qne kilometer radius to thebank; · · · 2.. - There must be Written permission qfthe majority of. the . employees. 'concerned in such esfabtishment; and . 3. The - establishment .rnust .have 25 or more ·gmployees· (R.A: · No. ,6727 or. the Wage Ration'aliz:atlonAct. Sec-. ·7).. . ·· · . . -. ~. Not~: P.a~entthrough an ATM.is aiio~ec:I, provided ARTICLE ·1)>,3: .TIME.C:>FPAYMENT .the following conditionsare.met: (WRAP-RAD). r. G.ener.al Rule; . .. ,. . 1 .. The.ATM.system of payrnerrtis wjtl'i the Written 1. · At least once .every two weeks; or . . · · · ccnsent ofthe employee concerned; .' . . . · 2\·. Twic~ arnonth at·inteiyals[iot·exceeding sixteen 2, · The·employees-·.fr~ given ·geasonable time .to' · :· · (ffl) ?ays (LABOR. <';ODE; Art ·103, par; t). · : ·, withdraw thefr. wages from ,the
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·62 I 2919 SAN BE!;>ALAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS
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Payment Jhrough the H~fl'~ of the Work~r In .case the worker has died, employer may pay wages of thedeceased workertothehe!r:s ot tne latter · without 'the necessity · of . intestate : proceedings (LABOR CODE, Art, 105(b)). .' · . .
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No~e: The first two (2) paragraphs of Art. ·106 :of the ·. Labor Code set the general rule that a principal is . permitted by law ·to engage 'the services of a contracto.r for the performance of a particular job. _ThEH~ird paragraph of the same provision,.tiowever, . empowe.rs the 'Secretary of- .. Labor· to -make d($tinctions between permissiblejot;> contracting· and .. labor-only contracting,. which 'is a . prohihited act . further defined under the ·last paragra"ph (Mandaue Galle.on Trade Inc: v. Af/d?Jes, G.R. No. 159668, · ... M{fJrch 7, 2008)_. · .
·2. -ln case of a 'minor neir;-affidavit shall :l;,e·. . :·:EI°e:ment~·· · ~f.: . Legitimate · :C~ntracting .. or executed on his · _belialf.:· by, his · natural · · Subc~:>"rifra~ting:(,ISFSf · , . . ··guardian or next of kin; . . . ·. .. · 1: . The contractor cr'subcontractor-ls eng.aged in .a 3. Affida\li.t.st:,all be pf~~Emted;t()the employer · . distinct. arid '. Jndepe~dent buslness and who shall . make : payment ·, throi.Jgh : the undertakes to perform tl')ejob or work on its own · Secretary o{ l;-a.b'.oror his represeflJ13.tive~.: > ·. . · r~sponsibility.according to [ts.own method; . ·4. T_h~ _repr~Sentat1ve shall_ a~t as referee in 2. Tl:te contractor or. subcontractor has Subs~arltial . d1~1d1ng . the amount . paid. am~_ng· the.' cap.it?l'to car~~. ?Ut the job farme~ out . by _the . _ (LAf!OR COD~,~Art. W5(b)). . . · ,1 prlnclpal C?li his account, manner and method; 3. c Payme.ra°f through a- family rriemJ:>e~ _!nve~~ent' in~ t~1;1 .f?,~"] ·of tools,'. equipment, . woi"ker'i family : .. ; ., . .. :. if~~··;.;;~·.·.-1 .. : ~ac_ l'?E:ry.en sup,erv1_s1~~; . . :.VVhlire the...eiJ:iployer rs· ~LJtl:lotiz~d.in writjn~·by;,:., pei;!?rfin~.. the. work., ~armed <:5uV. the· the.. em_pioyee-to pay his wag.es .a ·ITie!Jl8~f Of"{.J. ~~~,~~9,Dlf81~f1 Ot S~bC<;>l)~ractor IS fr~e , from the. his family (/RR of LABOR CODE, ftd.fik1lll, Rule,~ . !1.. ?~l)t~ol a1dfor .d1scre~1on ..of the p_nne,_pal in all vm:sec. 5(aj). ·. ·. . . ~~tl!3r~j~o-~-nectedwith \he per:f~rma_nce of the ~V--~~ . _Work t:J'C~.p~ast~ the resylt thereto; ar:,d. ·. ·summary of.Rules o·n Paymenfrof·Wagfis·- .. · r~ .. 4_. The· §.erv1ce~.Agre~ment ehsures. compliance · · · · ·· · . . · · .. .,,.._.,.,.. ~::17-~7. ·-,: ··~; •... w.it~j~ll_·-~he\ig~ts .~nd. b~nefrts f~r -:I.II the {.,. L.eg_al ·ten~er; . P{g6,i,9,tJ_~_JPf9-!1'1is~~~ _ !;~4 · ; ~~~X~~-,/k!)t!J.icon!ractor or ~u.bc?n.tractor ~: • t ~ote.s, ·· v~uchetf}:~J.C.OOp1:m-3~J,.to.k~~i·.: J.~1l _tfn:?J..~~!WM~~!,J..?w~(0.0. No. 174-17, Seq.·&). ~ bc~ets, chits_, .a'r anys:.,otl;ler-0.1,jJebtotffer ·. ;-:~~ . ~---:--..,._·,...:..:· · · f,). . th~n·Jega_l.ten~er-(V-P'J\~·,s.-. J . · . -~ote; ·A~Sel)G~. '?f·any.of the ::qr~gci.ing re(Juisite,s ~/ . .. · _. . .. . . . .. '.• . r.'. J,i,..l':A;l...
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:.. ; .. , :· .... . ART.IC LE ... '1 O~:· ·. ·.· CONTRAttqR,' .. OR' SUBCONTRACTOR'.···. : ·· . Job Co~tracti~g· . :Sijt;,coh.tracting .. fs'· ·a~ . · atran·g!3.rtieritwheteby a :prir'icipc!itagree.s·to fa(rrl'out··. ·. to a <;ontractor·the· p~rfcfJT11an'ce,-or''co01pletion··of a specific·;· }ob . or 'work .. within .. a ··definite' .. 'or . predf;!!ermined ·period; re·gardie~s ~f wh~ther sucP, : . job or work is to'M p'erfolllled.or co'n'lpleteidwithin or . outside th_e:pr.emises of tt:ie_principaf.(D.O. No: 17+ · 17, $ec. 3(c)). · · ·. ,· ." . · ·: · . . . '. . ' .':
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Tw<>°ti{idh~ of,bontra~ts-i:eq~ir~d a·-Triliteral Relation'ship: -. · . . · . · .: ·. . 1. ::·Emplq.ymen( · . C.ontJ:a~t . · . tfelwef:?n··. ;_ _.-itie .· c¢mtractor/st.toc_oi:itracfp"r !'In~ -its ... employees. . . Notwithsranciirig any. oral or written stipulations . . to. '1h!3.· ·_contrary. the" contract 0:etw~en th'e contradorls.ubqor:itractor.. and its. emplpyee~ shall" lie gova·med·.by the .provisions ArticT~s 29fl, arid ,295: .of. the Lab_o·r·code; as ~(nei'lded, .. :·iQcl.\JJiing. thE) . provisiqn1, ... :oh . g~t,eral . labor 'sta~dards.'·. It· shall ·include the ",Jolloyvirig· .stipulations: . .. . .. ~; · The specific descript[on of the.jot;> 6..rwork.to· . be performed_.by lhE;! -ernploye'e;·and. '•.: . .
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2019 SAN.SEDA 1.,AW_CENTRALIZED BARQPERATIONS
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SAN B~D~ LAW CENTRALIZEDBAR
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b: .. The- place of work and terms and. condition . of employment, including a sfateirnerit pf tl)e wage rate applicable to. the individu.;il . employee... · ·
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•two (2) yea~s. ur:ile.ss cancell~d after due.~rocess .. The· same shall be· valid in U.,e· region where it· is . regi~tered. . · · In case the. contractor has Service· Agr'eements or opera~es outside t_he ju"rii;,.diction of the Regional . Office where it is registered, it shall -request .a duly authenticated copy of its. Certificate of Registratioo. from the' r~gistering · Regional Office ·and st.ibrriit the · . same-to .the DOLE.Regional Office where·.it-seeks tq · operate, . together wi_th a copy · pf its Seryice Agreement/sjn .the are~. fo.r.purpo~es _of monitoril}g C!)!T)"plianc~. with ·the rule!;l· "(D.O. No.. 1-74~17,. Sec, 20). _ . . ..
_The contractor/" subepntractor shail inform)he ._ einp!oy~~ of the foregoing stipulations- in writing on or: before the first day of hisfher ~mployment .(b.Q. No. f74-1"7, Sec. 1,1). · · ··
2 .. · SeNice Agreeme,:it between the. principal •and "the · 'contractor cont.aining +.the terms and · . conditions · · governh1g · · the .performance or • completion ·ofa spe_dtic job-or w9rk),eing farmed. out for c1_defini.te orpredetermined period (.D.O .. ·. · . No., 1.74,;.17,. Sec: .3(i)). The service.aqreement Note:·-The_absence of a registration .only gives rise shall include tlie:·foUowj~·g: . · ·. . . .:· tothe presumptionthatthe contractor is en~aged in · 'a. The specific de$ciiption .. of-the Job or work labor-only contractlng; a presumption that can be . be.irig subcontracted.vineludinq its)erm~,,.9f=.,::,x-..=..,;...i1:fu~ed(Aklan v. :-san Miguel Corp., ."GR No. duration;. . · . . · · · . · #'#"r . 116'$So7..,.~Qecember 11, 2008). . ·· · : b. .Tfte.place' or work and ~erm~ -~·Qd~.9nq7jt!fns j\.{ · govern1i:,g·· the C?Ontrac~mg 0;:J,ncellation of Registration. . !nclude the ~greed..a~ouiy;2t-th~,f~W:fa"cted · The~-sR':\tgib~l~~_rec_tqrsh~II. upq~· a. veri~ied Job or· work ·as well;ras~4ij~y~ta.w.,tard"=7,'-"?1:::empJa_mt~~nee~·'°er revoke the reg1strat1on of .a : ·. admii:iistrative ·fee o~ .#,~e_s~_:Jfian,fi~% ··(W.iltr~tl9r 'l:l;El;r:::~Q.e\/?roce~s. ·oased on .any_ of the ·the t()t~l _cost; c!n? . // .. J . . . Jr' ~'"' - .J(91low1_n~.~ro~eq~: ~1~S-L<:_i_L~-FF-P1_01~·.C~de) c. Aprovision on.the.1s9~ancetf>tthe-po_nd'.:.:_L!i"~-~:.._:_~~J~fPTes~~VoJ1tffac_tsm the appl/cat,on; _ rene:,yable.eve,:y.yel';lf°(}J..6#/'.ifo. 1'7;4-17, ~- ~l 2., "fl!onrubml~f!£.!Jit~erv1ce Aweemenr~etween · .. Sec. 11): -: : } ~~( I ~s:tlne ~(!nciRat~~d.tlj~contra~to_r-wh~n requ_ir~d to · . . !I ~,'t · b ~Yiiiil~.J do ~o. ~ ~f ~ . S~bstanti~I. Capitar. r.ef#~s'<:t.Q,(·~p~i;9.l·cipit~!~~;.N<}~~f is»~o~ df,Y~he req~ired §em!-anntJal stocli:.s/shc!r~s .of .at least P?1_poq1 9 ~~e.."':'· ':f'r. , .r.e~/11?.,a~; ~rGV(~tkf 1n Sec.· ?2 (SefT!t-annu~I of_ corpor~bo~s, parther~J:itP~.l~ne· l;!pop ~~~ ;} 1~ Jt~>r,1@in!;J ~freof);I,/_ . .. · the_ ca.se. of s.11:igle pr(?pne~o~~~1p,. a f\et.1~W~,:--l~lll.1 .-,Z~~com_p11an~eJwrth La~r s.tandards anq least P5,009,QOO.OO. (p.o~ No,:~1!1-.17~c. a~1~r-. .,,t,• 0'"~rk!nW'co~diti~p.sJ . .. . _ . . .. o~~pon,pJ1an~~.~ith ?S~. the,H[?MF,_ Pag-:ll;,tg,_· · ·' ·.. . . · . · · · · ~-· · ·J> ·,;.~.,_.~Rh11He~Jtu.,-aMECCLaw$; ·. . · ·· · No~~;."Subst':mtial cap_ital"..~~--"(n_ve_~tn10}.-.~ls.."='=~~t!fli:{li~s~rf'of· a. falsified . i;>r.· tampered· eqcur>;~e~tJ·. 1mplem':'n~~ .. rri~ch11)e.n(3s~_-. :.c!P._~ai.!~_ · lii&tiori or . supporting. docu_meflts : to the . pr~rn1se~ . sh_~uld be. ~reated: a~ ,.twJicab[e_rules and regulations; . . arr.,in9em~n! (N~r, v._ NL[.Z~•.. <$·£5· .Nf?~·.. _9!00~-09, · . B: F:iriding_s thro.ugh arpitrati_on. that tbe:.contractor.. : July 23, 1993Ji . •. . . · · . ·. . ' <· :~ tias engaged in" labor':Qn[y cont_ractii,g_'and/or the.\ .. -·. f.rr:>hibited ,acfix_itie:s.· a~_."provided ·in ·:sectiot:1 6. Mandatory .Regi"stration and -~e~i~.ti",'.: . "of : (Other Prohibitions) thereof;· afl'd ··. , . Legitimate Contr.tctots . · .· .. ; 9. f:il:idings· o'f. viQiation of :'See.·. ·(Righ~ of Consistent with. th·e authority of. .the' Secret_ary ·ot" · contr_actor's ernj:!Joyees) ·or· Sec.. .11 (Required Labor anq "Erl)ploym~n~ "tci "restrlct. or pri).li1b)t ·the · _contracts) of these rules; · . :' . cqntrapting ou\. ot· .fc~bci( _to protect"'the···.nghts of. · 10. Violatkins of any provisions bf the,Labor Code .. wQrkers, _it shail ~e . mandatory ·all p~rsoris or >-' (D.O. No. 17-4".:17; $ec. 23):·· . . eritlties."; a¢ting ·:as cootra·ctor$':to regis~er with .~he Reg"ional Off.ice of the _DO.LE where: if pnncip_ally· Effec.ts ot" Canceilation of R~gJstratio~ . , . 'ope~a\e$_(D. 0. No; 1.14-17, .Sec. 14): . .. _', · . . . · A . final ordei: oL car:icellaii:on shall divest· .the ) contraqtor ·of . its le"gitimate status engage· . in .. . 'laitt;t)ty.. of' :Certlfjcat~'. . o; ." ~egistr~tiO!'l of : conti:actin"g/;,ubcontrapting.. . .. Such ··;,order of · . Coiitra.ctor~ · . _ : . . .. · : . . . . . . . ·. . c~nce!lation- shall be" a ground to ~eny an applicat(o.n ·The contractor-.shall- be· deemed fegi~fereq ohJy· on ·-for. renewal of regist.ratiori to a-contfactor under'1he· ~~:. . .... · tl'.te date of. issuance. of its Cer:tifi_cate of Registn,diQfl. The $hall be effec.:tive . . Certificate . . of. Registration .. . .. for
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):. No contractor who'se registration· js cancelled ",)_· . . under . J.~, : these Rules or any 9f its officers shall be allowed to }. · operate· andapply for new re9istration as contractor ·,~. . under either the same or' different name. · ·. ·
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Note;. "C~~o" ~efersto a person or group of · persons or to a lat?or group whicH, under the _guise of labor orgc;1nization, cooperative or any entity, supp1iesworkers to an employer, 'with or . without any· monetary or · other consideratfon, whethe·r in ttiiil cspacity of an agent of the employer or as.'alJ osterisible indep·endent contractor ·(D.O. No: -174-17,
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The_'ca~~ell~;i~~ o(~e· ~~~istra~i~~ of .; contractor ', for.engaging in labor-only c.cmtr-ac~ing or for violation :.: · of .any-of the "provislons of. the Rules involving a ":: 'particular Setyice- Agreement will not, however, Sec. 3(b)).,... . ~-- .: · impair· _the :.yalidity.. of e?
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·f2._ Qther contractual relationships (Di(:;.No. 01-17).
-person,. partnership , · assoclatlon · or corporation which, not being_ an employer, contracts witti 'an independent contractor for the performance of any work.fask, jobor project (L.Jl.BO~CODE, A.rt. 101). POS'riNG ARTICLE 108: OF BOND . ~ii employer.or .indirect employer may require the 0
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· _The employer ·. . or The employer/ .princlpal contractoror subcontractor to furnish a ·bond equal ...· :·prindpal is 'merely an ·is -treated as direct to thecost of.laborunder contract, on condition that indirect ... employer, .. by employer ·- "of . the· ft:ie bond'.. will answer for: ttie··. ·wages-· due the. ·. operattcn ot.Iaw, bf his contractor's; employees . employees should _the contractor or .subcon:trador, contractor's 'employees in: . ·an·: '. instances .. ·as the _case may be,.fail to pay the same (LABOR· ·(PCIALitomatienCenter, (contractor is. deemed -, . CODE,. Art: 1.08). itne-. v4 _NLRC,. G~R• -No: i3·gent' of. the· employer) . · '· · . . ~ . 115920 Jant,Jaiy' 29, (Manila Water Company ·. ··. 'The bond.shaltbe equal to thecost or laborunder_1996). · v..,:··.Pena· G.R·~ No: con;racf(1 POQUIZ,·supra·at330). -· · . · · · 158255,.Ju/y''B, 20041_""~~-J-;,~ . .. · . · ·_No\e!',~t)ere.~he emplqye'r fails to. require -the : . \._. ·cql'}tral:to(tQ,(>O~t-a bond, the employer must answer : . • • .• - ~. . . Y· .·. . -· . ~a,g.'!P?~-ll~bilitii:!~,the _contra!?tor . may 'have The=faw creates ian Er-' Tile ·st.t'M~-cr,eatesan ·· mc'Orr.~~tohJ~~~}nployees. This i~.wijh,out·prejudlce Ee . relationship for · ·a Er-Eefr'eTat\otisffiRAo~a ~~r"'t~its~eekJn'df/f~))Ni_oJ~ti?n·qt ·_eit~er .Sedi?ns ··_1_o" or_ 11 . .· .. • . . ~t I);',,ere~~'~J(r~:r:i,cier~~pnn~1p?It~e· diree:t _employer .. . . .. ·. : ... ·. .;,, .. __ I ,. . . . ~~~~!}~~ID,Pfoy of 7U'ld-contrador ~s or.subcontractor, Th~ p~mcipal be?otne.s· '.fh~ (?~i!\d~R~! ·6 .. S !, .. ~P.?.l1 .·to j_~· -~?9J~~ the Labor C8d~~(D.O. NC?:.. ·sohdanlt h~_ble· WJth the ~0!1ct~.r~1y ·habl~ wit '..f~ """:-,....,..~ -1~-, '. ~~ ?2). .f.' ·· · : · 't ·.· · contractor · 1n the event contrattor not"".--Qnl 'lEN'J\ ~ .-· _,,.r ,. ). · · ,.. ·' · · the fatter faili to p_ay•tne ·u~p.aid''\~~ges}p~f>.~~_¢ ~~'='.,Jt~V?,f.~e,~~1,IJ.a.tlon of Empl~y_ment · · ,.·. . _~mplo_yees:. -~.ages an._i;f for. af!·.~f~igfl'ttu._J;:.'~jlJ'(s,;,~~"f[e:.tr~~t!J)rf"Of.the contr?ctors employe_e_ pnorto , _few, :v•o_latior:i. ot·~·lab9r of"the·~_mPL?~~~i:wer · '\.A'_'~~e~p~i:,'i;i.fronof the SeP11ce Agreement shall b_e · . •standard ·· -laws: ·-Th.e ·the,· lab'dr . Cod?l'·-.:ang, 1\11.fg~y,~ect.byAr:t,s.. -297,.-298, and· 29J} of the ·..Labor · . li~bifity;"how.ever,'__. does·:~ncfllary ·lai(Js'-(SMC v:·9=='C~e.' ·.. ·-··· · ,. · ·.; · · · : . ·. · :,_ '·.· ·. ' not~ ,~".'tend . ·to· the MAERC. ·; Integrated · · ·. · ·... ·. ~.. ~.: ··.: . · . · i ·: · · '· · ··. ·.payment of oack-wages ,S(Jrilioes;. 1n·c.," 'G,R. No.. In case th!:l termination of the employment-is caused . : -Qf '_separatioi, · ·. piiiy · ·ot 14467?; .July 10,-2003).. by. t_he pre-(ertninEition of t):l~ Service Ame~menf n~f employ'3eS who: ,are- .. :.. · . . . -. due.to:th~ authorized. causes-:under, Art.·-298; the ill~gally_. pi_sril.issetj .. ·righfqUti~< ei.pploye~s-'of the· contrac,.tor to urfpaid · :($osewood .. p;oces$il'ig'. ,, . · · : ·.- · · ·wag~"$ ~nd, othSr ·'. unpaid . . benefits·.... inclu_c;lifig : . v, . NLRC, . G.R. No. .unremittec;f legal· mandatory contributiol')s~ shall be · ·1-16416-84; . May -2·1, : · b'orne by.·the··party· ;;it-Jault." Witho.µt prejudice-'to· the · . ·. ·. ?fi.98):-.·. · · · soli.~a_ry.-·liabili{y of. th.a ·.-parties... t~ . the :··S.eryice .. · Agree'.rnerit. . · ·, _·.:_.·· · .. :, . . , . . . . ·.: ·.. . . . .. ..· .... ,••. . . · . . · 'The rnere e_xpiratioci-0f tl::le:Service,Ameem·enfshali npt b~ d_~emed as.-a.termination of .employ.ment of.. the · contractor_'s· emP,loy~es -who.: .are,, regull:lr . e_~ploye_esofltie latter (D.O. _No.' 174·1.7,. Sec.-13) .. . . ~. . . . . .. · There is; l:i-·'.pres~nc.e Qt Ther.e··1s an .abse"rice of \·.: subs.tcintlal capital ·or, :sub~f~i)tiaJ ' c.aP,ital or · investment: in.vestment.
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'[;·· · ARTICLE 109: SOLIDARY LiABILITY. OF-:. THE Government and. other creditors may be paid. eRINCIP.AL . '· .. · .. (LABOR CODE, Art. 110.)· · ·· · ,/· · In, permisslble : contracting arrangement, the term ~- •solidary llability'' shall-refer to. the· li1;1bility of the Conditions:· . . ;~ .. principal, pursuant t_o· the provisions qt- two (2) 1. Formal aeclaratio~ of insolvency or bankruptcy; articles of the Labor Code, namely; . · ,· · 2. _ General judicial· liquidation prcceedfnqs of the rt 1. ·.-Art '106,.r.egardirig ttleljability·ofthe.princ\pal, in employer's business; and j}· the same'rnanner and extent that-he/she is liable 3. Filing. pf claims by workers,.. rt'i..' . to his/her directemployees, 'to 'the extent of the ' . work performed: under 'the· .confract when the Note: : . . . . . contractor'falls to· pay- the,wages··.of his/her 1. 'It.esteblishes :a preferenceof credit. and not a employees, . - ... .: . .. .. · lien.. this· article did -rrot- sweep away the . Article 109, as-direct emplciyer-tqg~ther·w,iththe. . overriding . preference accorded u.noer. :the· contractor fo'r any violation otanyproviston of scheme of the Civil Code· to tax claims .of tt.,e .. tii'e:Labor Code {CH.liN,supt» (Jt257~258). .. . government (DBP v, Secretary ot' Lii,'bo'i; G..R · No: 79351, November-2~,1989); · . . . ··N~te':':T:he p'ri~cjpal ~h~li° be- solidarily ilaple with. . · 2 .. It should . be given .· prospective appncatton the contractor in the event of anyviolation of any . ·.·. (Republic v. Peralta,G.f:?. Nb•. L:.;,i.6'!56/1, May 20, provision of the L.ab.orCode, includfr1g·fi:iilure to 1987).. . . ·pay··livages.·This will _not prevent the principal ,/'"I · . . . , .· , . _.-., :· ·. fro.rn: · 'claimil')Q · reimbursement; from . !~f),'.){ · Declaratlon_of bankruptcy or judicial liquida,tior:-r · · . cont~actor (A/SA v. NLRC;_, G.'R.- 'No. 111??.?,/;<:;~\ · must be present before ~he worker's preference, May ~!, f99!), , .. · _ . , . ·· · · . · !Jla~be en_for<;ed.~r~. J 1_0. ofthe.Labor C?de and · ·· · _ ·. ··. -, . . . . ·)i ,:,· ., .·,.._L.-~ ...:...~ts IRR.,.caQnot be rnvoke<;l by the enwloyees _ In fact; even in:th~ a?s~nc.e of Er-~~ rel~ti9~te..: '.!~ ;-~~:;,~~sJ.~\1:9.t;a: formal' declara\ioQ of ban~ruptcy ?r · between the · . u;1d1rec;t ·. employ~r,.:.;,~6d· ·the°') Gi · :a ~ltq1:11tf~ti:<;>n O'rder (DBP·. Y~-~NLf:?G, G.R.: No: independent "tbntractor's -work~t~,~oth .thr{i..,.)1 ·.. 108031/J"r[{!/Ch1, 1995). · · .
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.· rne··piit.-cipa1_:sh~11·be deen'i~d· t~ve::~w~Joter-<}tJ .-
-_ tti_e. contr<1.c!ual emplpyee _ao"a':;,r,~}t,~~t~rre!,:t~. ,
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is 'NOT ~pplicabl~ rn c,{s_e titio\\ c_mployc~-cprporption. 1s, und9r .r.ehibrhtafio~--(~~bb~rwor/a,In_?'. v. NL-f?.C~GR. .fif?i;if.?7rl_'r}?.Pfprjyt4,1999); ..
liable, such as:in.following cases,i.a§":decla~r.edby · . competent cjuthority: . . '· ~-\'¥:~j;)) .- '.. . . . 'i: . !-abor-only:conf!.acting;ana: 1-;f · ·. /f';F.,::;:-::i.~t!.~'iWoi!eedings · against' . the 'employer .-. (DBP :. ;.,: · · · 2. ·. Coti'tractirig :arrang~ment talli~~fwitl].ifl(fh~ · · · Secretary,ofDibor,.G.R. No. 79351_. November· · ; :: .. Prohibiti_ohs _,(B(iJadway .·_Motdf.~~:,,./Ji~-- V, ·. · 28, 198~).' . . . . .. · · NLRC, G.Ri· .N.o: '78982, Dec~m~er 14; · . ·,. f.987f . . . . . . .- . . . S1ispension of · pa'yments:_· brder . by. :Jhe 'SEC' . ~ /.~· -mandates the' l)olding ii) abeyance ~he filing or' the . Note: GeneralJy, theic
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ARTICLE 111: ATTORNEY'S FEES Rules: · ' 1. · 1n cases of unlawful withholding· of wages." .the . . . ' culpable party "may be assessed-attorl)ey's fees· . - ; .equivalent to 10.% oL,the. amount. of W?iges·.racc:-ver~.(~BO'R GODE, 111).
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N<;) employer shall° make any Qeductions from the employee's Wc\Qes except when· authorized to. do· S\J_ (~BOR 'COPE, ·Art. 113; . Wage Deduction)::. · · · · . ·. . .. · 4. · No employer· shall· Beq!,Jire the worker ·10 make . deposits from which deductions -shall' be made for reimbursement of. loss or-damage to tools.. materials; ··.or. equipment· supplied ·_by __ the : .Note: The 10% or,Jy··serves.as the·m~5cimum,of employer.except whenthe employer is engaged .the:.award ihat may. be granted.. It does riot. in SU Ch business . requiring SU Ch deposits ·as pr~clude th¢ Court from fixing an amour:i.t low~r determined-by the Secretary ·ef· Labor (J:..ABOR ·. than- .tl:1e. ten percent ·ceiling -prescribed. by ·the . ··.CODE, Art.. 114, Deposits for Loss or Damage);.·: article· - When· the cifci.JmstanceS · Wair.ant.· it . (Hoegh . Fl.e~t. Services ... Turallc( GJ:r No: 5.. No:employet $hall-~ake_~my QedLiction.fr~_m·th~·· . 2304.81; Ju1y·25_; 2017).. . ,., · · employee's.deposlts forthe actual..amount of the · . loss q( stamage unlessthe.employeehas. been . 2. · ltsh~·,;·be·unlawfl.11 for any person todemand or . · heard the~eb!) and f.lis__ responsibility has been . · -accept, tn · any·. judicial. or adrninlsfratlve, ··clearly shown ··(LABOR CODE, Art.·. 1·15, _ ~ proceedings for the recovery of -the wages, ·Limitati9ns);"-. . . . · : attorney's fees wh icti exceed· 10% of the amQ.!).IJ!,,-..=-..,.=§;:. · No . employer.. sh.a_ll. Withhold. any amount. from . , .. bf wages recovered (1:.ABpR CODE, Aq-::1-1:f.f). ~e~~g~s unless ·au~horize? to do so (LABOR ·_11_6,. Wtthhol?l_';g. of Wap_es .end Concepts of Att<;>,:ney's ...Fees: .,,~-( .. J _!.,. :::~"'-'=---=~ ... JS!ck!fac/JsVa:oh1b1ted); . · .. · . ·· · . 1. . ordinary ': rea~oriable co~~~siu~!J,:_Rslid''fo_a .:· 7. ""~~Jh,p!9/~:Alhall Jn_du~e the ~ITIPl?Y.ee·t~ give . lawyer by his 'client for the .l!:3gaJ\~P!1~es .hec-ha~~~-...---.l.11?..a~~p~t'.1 his :Hages · by force, stealth, . . rend~r~·d._ . . .. ~: .. ro) o::- "'\VT ·intir\)idat~~\«t1Jfe,!ordtsmtssal orbyany qt_her .: 2. ,Extraordmary-1ndemnityforaa'~ag~~ordere~l _.o 4~ _mea,rs Wil.l\6ut. t\ls (workerj-consent- (LABOR by .the. court to be paid· !$~he l9"i:,ing garty ii'\ a . :: ·. ·· coqp, ·.Air,(!~ \withholding of Wagf)~. and l.itigatio11 and-ls not to· bj.f:>,W-iJ•tb the lawyer puf. . ~:--~acks f?(d1Jlbit1d); . . . : . . . to elien_t,. ttnl~SS; thw~'fiav.1ragr~e.ciih~f~?.empl';)Y,ef·~_all . f:':ake · :Qe~u<;:tion~· as·: award. shalt pertain to thW. la)f-Y~r as an acld1t10~1;1~fil!lrml ~ .cq eratlo~Jofic.:i ~rom,.s~. of ernpli,yment or. . compensation or. as af"~a~ther~rf{~~*:£ ••.-...l~t. W, offfemp.lojnent (LABOR. CODE; . ~:f.. :.. R.~Ya/ Bank Empl~yee~ tl[lfltfilf!d§'Q.e~· d~nt_..V:Yffi. l ,1, ~ · 1~ ~'c!ucttdnc~ff;nsureEmployment); ·. · · · .· : NLRC;.G.R: filo, 120592~,1rAarch~14, }1!~~\/iJ··j}~~A~1J1PIO¥F~ shall/Refuse to ~ay:o_r ~educe the, ·.. · . ·.. '·. .· . . ,\ ' ·\_ .. ZP.~,a:z" J '-1:~~a~es: qOtJ "Def.l~»fa ~.r.ptJ,er.y1.se;d1sc::haf.ge the. · Note: The _extrabrdinary.conc~et -of a~m:ey~fe~,.....V.-# ~_jifplox,a\\'.hOtifS fil_edany complc!!inl und~r.thii, .: ·is. .tl)_e·.or.ie contemplated. in Ar:t\.\111. ot'1~__:_l;~~'i~:(~itl~6.r has t'est1fied o(.i~ about fo testify ih such : · .. Cod~ (Hoegh Fleet Services. v. "'J;Jf.,_ralfo;-;,<j._~?;__~ w:o.ce~$.iQ.9_~1(fLAB.QR C.ODE, · Art.. 118, · .·· 230481, ·July 26,.2017).. . . -~ ..f_9f.71-"'=-.r:-.' :~:::~(ahfJlO!)'!_Meas_ure~); ~"fld·. ,·. . ,, : : · .... : ... · · . · . _ · _ ..·~-;,._v.1 ·. l!Os_:~te)iployer.st:i_allmake ;:iny:~t~temento:_repo,:l · · GHAPTER · 1y: . P_ROH.IBITIQN~ .. REGARE>JY ...~ _.1.l"~_QJ,Ptec.ord.. ~n,owing· such· s_tat~ment, repo,:t or ~- WAGES . ·, . - .·. , .. : · . · · -_: '-'."=---r-.. .record· to be' faJse· in. any' materi~1 · respect ,.. . ... (l.:ABOR COD!='.Arf 1/91Fa/seReportirig).". . . . to c"orriman·d·m~i:it~for' t_he e~·p_loy~r:_. . . .. . . . : . . . . .. (IF-QR-DWID"-RefuseS) .. -,~ .. ARTICLE·, 112: : ·NON-INTERFERENCE··· IN. 1. .No employ~r shall fnt¢rfere with ttfe .employee.'.s :: . ._PI.SP.OSAL.OF ~AG.ES .· -· · ·. ·· · · . · · ·· · .. fr.eedom ·. to ..:<;11sp6se· .. of his wag·es .. (LABOR .. No einpJoyer .shall:· · · · .· . . . QO[)E,: Arl. ·:1-12, N.on-Jttferference Dispos~I of . - - : ·1 .. · Lim)t- or othe.rwise interfere··with. UJ°e freedom to. . W~gesJ;·_ · .. . . ... ·.... .-· .. · · . . . ~ . · . :' dis.pose wages· ' · ·· · . ·. · .·· . ·.. · . . : ·2,. No .er,:npl_oy~r shall Eorce, compel; or ·oblige .. ,' . 2 .. ·!=o'rc~~- · CO'T!pei or. ol;)lig~ · his· erriployees to . employees . •, "to. . p.1..irch~se.. : metch_g_ndise,. . . j:>urchas.e: merchandise, ec:,mino~itie_s;,"or ;other . . ... commodities or . pJher. 'property:. from .. the .. properties "from the employer or"from· any"other .. e"rr:,p_loyeror.from·any other.person, or otherwise person, or otherwise make use of any store or . . ~ake ,use of any: store. C)r· services. of such . . se,:vice ot such.·employer or. ·any. other;-p~rson employer or: any o~her person ,(LABOR CODE, ···(LABOR CODE;,-Art. ·112). · . ..···. · .. Art. · 112,· ._Non:./nterferenea· in DJSi,osat of. · · : · ' · · · : ·wages):_ . ·. . " Note:.. Any vio.latior, of 'the _provision· subjecfs. ·the·:. offender to the··gen·eral penalty clause in Arl ·288 of _the-Labor·Code (rAZU~ENA,supra at411). _.
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.c. Court judgment, but only for debts incurred . · for food, shelter, · clothing, · and medical :· · attendance .(CIVIL copE, Ari. 1708).
Art. 1705. The laborer's wages shall be paid in
legal currency. ·· · 2. Art. 1706 .. Withholding of the wages, except for a debt due, shall not be made' by the employer, . 3. .Art. 1707. The laborer's wages shall be. lien on the goods manutactured or the.workdone.: . 4. · Art, 1708. The laborer's. wages. shall. not b@,.' subject to .executton or attachment except for . debts incurred-for food, shelter, clothing; 'and . medical attendance. . . 5 .. Art; rzos, The employer shallneither seize nor retain any tool or ofher articles l?~ior.iging.Jo the , laborer. · · ·
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ARTICLE '-114: DEPOSITS FOR LOSS. OR DAMAGE General Rule, No employer sHall require his worker · to make deposits ferthe reimbursement of loss ofor : damage to m'aterial;·eq4ipmeht, or tools supplied by. . the ·employ.er (L.ABOR CODE; Ari. 114). .. .
. Exceptkin: .' When the i;ade, occupation ©~ .. businesses oftheemployer recoqnizes, or considers .. the· practice ·of making deductlons or requiring ARTfCi.J~ 113: WAGE DEDUCTIONS: · deposits necessary' qr desirable as determined by G~ne.ral Rule: Wage.deduction is strictly prohibited·. !he Secretary of Labor.(LA$0R'CODE, Ari.. 114) .. (LA_BOR CODE,Art. 113). ·. · . · ·. · . . . · · · . _; ~ .. EX ti ·. ~-. -: . . '.. . · ~ Note: Deductlor;is. or requiring' cash deposits is 1: c~t~°E~ploy~e's Conse~~ In Writing · /';)'";,. a.llowed in prh,at~ ~ecurity agE:r.icie7 as a recoqnized . . lh,,.>·.,4\ .. and reasonable industry practice given the nature of · a. ss.s payments (1 AZUCE_NA. ~upra at 4/ifi'.i/c9'f\ the service/busiriess (LaborA&visory, No: 11 (2014J, b. , Ph11Health payments (Id.), . { vi.-, .. ,.. r1J\ Sec 3) .c:~ Contributions to Paq-lblq Fund (Id);_: /ii~·;;:~·:'f;;-,,"r~;, ·. d .. Value. of meals and. other -fac1hfJ_e§',.(t!?..:r1.1~ .... Re.~us's1~~~:•of-Deduction for Loss or Damcige: . AZUCf=NA, supra at4_11); .. A~:fY· V ( (SO'i=E)~-~j.\_: · . . e. ·. Payments· to thirdpersons wµh:;erilployee}f),::.-Jf 1: . ·The- e/itoyee : is clearly Shown to be· · consent (/RR ofl:,.~bor Oode, Bfa'q,'51!1,RU~i,.,.;1~ · · respon~i~Je~orthe loss or damage; ' . f·. VIII, Se_c,J3); and .. ·. ·,'u;.1'-f 2. The· i1nPi10Y~~ is· give~· ample Qpportunity to -Dedt\Ctto~ · . for tmpar~_abs~ce'si' (b',;.. ~;~· _ . shovfca.u1fewhy deduction should not be made; . AZUCENA_,-supr~ at b~ 3. . Tu~l--~fil.9.};1.$,1'9t,.,the deduction is . fai_r and . ·· · ·., · . . . ._~./' .~.b,~r: <:t~, .. r~· re.:tsel}§ple~a_n~1?1ia1Jnat·exce~d the actual.Jo~s 2. W1tho~t ~mployee's ConS~.J:!t~_.. fr;~::';) R\J ·. f~} . .or dam,'igij;~n1:f: . , · · .. . . · . a. Urnon. dµes, w~ere the .r1g'hf· ltti:;.bec];offh.t'$. : 4: The _deduction from :the. empl9yee';, wa~e does _b~en recognized by _t~~t ~~~l?>ier )1 . ~!h,f'"'~fl?( gxceed 20% of lhe employee's. wag~s in a AZ.UC~NA,.supra at 4-11), . ~-•--::::~ ...:.._...J,~·"~.!;·r•W,~,.(/RR of Book Ill, Rule.VIII, Sec. 11): . Cljeck~off .1s a. system by wh1~):1Yurnon .d(f~g.,,-•.;tl'i!:1....: ........:1.H!.;.i~ · . · · ·· · . . and ot_her. as:,essments are cf~f;f!-,Jctep'fftom. · .-'Note: Art ·1_.1;4 provides for·the rule ori depqsits··f.y:th~··errfR~Y,1t~upon.. · . lo~s ?r: damage t_P. to<;>ls, ~aterials·. or equipm~nt _ · author1zaJ1~n from_the worker or by _marn;lafe . supph_ed .by the employer. The same·do~s ..not l?PPlY . of the· law. The· .•.ern·pl.oyee's ·:eh:eck.,.,off .. . to. or: permit depo~its·tb defray :any deficiency, which authorizaJion.eyen if.de.i;l,cfredirrevocable,. is ·.. tt)e· taxi .driver may incur" in-;the remittar:ice of his .. · good.. :·only. ·as . the. employees ·--~einain: "boundary': (FivE{J Taxi.v.N_tRt, G.R.. No. 111474, members ..·..Of the unioh. :concer6~d .. (.1, August·22; :/994), .
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·· . b. . ·C1;1ses where· th·e employer. is. auJhoriz~d_by' law or regulations issued by the Secretary of .Labo·r-.(lbid);
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3. .'when.Authorizei;i~yLaw . · · . a. Deposit for loss/breakage.· (Labor''Advisory,. No. 11 (2014), Sec. 3). · · · . : . : · b .. In cases .where the· employee is inoebted to , :th~ employer, where such indeptednes.s has .. become 'due · and demandabl.e (C,ViL · ·. ·. CODE, Art. 1705); and ..
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employee Jor . the· actual amount' .of the' lo'ss. or. damage. sJiall- b'e made tmless th'e employee has bel:!n· heard thereoti .and his r~sponsilJility has· been .clear.ly sh.own (LABOR 1:15)... . . . ., ..CbDE,·Art. ~. . ' .
No. de.ductjon .from the deposits of an
.ARTICLE 116: WITHQLDING· OF WAGE~ AND KICKBACKS . .. . . . . It shall 'be unlawful for ariy person, 'directly_ .or - indirectly, to\:vithhqldai'iy amount from the wages of a ·work:er qr.:induce hirn'·b.give up' any· part of his wages by force, stealth; intimidation, threat.cir l?Y any . .0:th~r mea11s whats9ever without his (worker) · consent (LABpR 'C_ODE, Art. 116).
2019 SAN SEDA LAW CE:NTR,6,LIZED BAR OPERATIONS
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·ARTICLE 117:· DEDUCATION Th . ENSURE EMPL.OYMEN1 It sha"II beunlawtulto any make deductions from the wages of- ar:iy employee . for the beneflt of. . the. .' employer or his representative or intermediary -as · consideration of ~ .promise of employment or .. · retention of employment (LABOR· CODE, Arl.-117). .
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ARTICLE. 122: CREATION OF REGIONAL. TRIPARTITE·. WAGES . AND PRODUCTIVITY ~OARD. . . Who May S.et the Minimum Wage:. . 1. Regional Tripartite -Wages and Producjivity . Board (R,:WPB),. subject · to :the . glJidelines prescribed by the NWPC; and· . 2·.
ARTICLE 118: RETAl.lATORY·MEASURES :it shalt be ,,frilawful for an'employer to refuse to pay or reduce the :-wages and benefits; dlscharqe- or -in' ariy manner; discrin:ii11~te aga(n!;fariy.employee who' .has filed .a.rjy complaint orInstltuted any proceedlnq '. under this Tit!~ or has·te,stmed orls-about to testlfy. .- . . in· s~ch proceedings '(LABOR_.COOE; ArJ ", 11_Br . · .
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~- Regional' Director· of N_EO~ as Vice· Chairman; .3. Re_gional Director of.QTI as V,jce'Ct,ajrmc:1n; ... 4. 'Twojnembers from the 'emptoyer's.sector; · 5. Two members from the 'worker's sector: ·and . · 6.. Secretariat '(LABOR CODE,·Art.)22).. · · . ARTICLE 119:.FA.LSE REPO'rU~NG ,· ·. . .1 ·• It ,s_hai'i· be. unl'awful. for any person to 'make any . Note: RlWPB has' no rule-rrrakinq power. 'it is the . statement, report or.record.filed' or kept pursuantJ2,....---,f.i.WPC which is vested with .tlie power to promulgate. th: p_r:o_vision.s.of t~is ·c_adek~_owing_-!;>uch ~!9-tent;nt,·1 y -r~'i"t~~~d"'~ui_d?Jines for appr_opriate minimum .wage · . report-or- record to be_fals~·1n-.an~!):}~et'1al r~)'?_ect 'L_) -jati),4 _W~\1t,l1.~1ty measures= (LABOR CC?DE'.. Art. ·(LABOR CQDf=!.f!Jt .. 119)._ · . f.. ~,=-~-=t2JJ!f) aq~J{'~ ·.. . :- ... · . · ·· :
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Note: Since family drlvers are now excluded. from, the· definitio.n of. domestic workers, the· minimum wage·of family drivers shall now be tlie minimum wage prescribed for private esta?lishments (NWPC Resolution No. 01-.17).
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not be dj_$.lurbe.d for a period oftwelve (12) months from its· effecti.vityarid no petition for wage increase shall be er:1tertai!5ed during. said · per-iod (NWPC .Guidelines · No. 01~'07, RULE'IV,·sec; 3). . , . . . . . ' ..
Workers ot duly .registered . Barangay · -Mi.cro · . .. Business Enterprises (BMBEs) with. Certificate of Authority pursuant to· R.A. No. 1 M'44 (2019 ~' . ... · Handbook on Workers' Statutory · Monetary
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Appeal /,- . . . . .. . . · A pany·aggrieved·by a Wage Order may appeal to :y .a.· Outside NCR; .., the NWPC not later..than tin (10) days from the date· i:.. . b. · Established within two (2h. years from . of the publication ·of the Order (NWPC Guideljnes .effectivity of Order; and · . . ..-;).· No: ·01~07,.RULEN,-Sep;)). · · · · :c.. · AgricuitlJrc!I or :with total assets of PSM i.. • . . . . . below. . · . ·: . · ... r:;;,;,;:·:~, _Effect of Appeal · • · . . . . . 3~ ·. Retail/s~rvLce.-·~stablishr(lents en:ip_loying p;i91;: :•~;A· ·It does _not operate.to sf~y th~..ard~r unless the party .·. more than .10work(;lrsfor at.least six (6) mo~th~.;;-:•t,.,! :..8P.P,_eahng· s.uch order shall file with the NWPC an in ·~mrcaleridaryear;_' apd . . .. . . /,,/' ti:{;r;;:::b.n~-~~l.(i~;:;~ith.a surety o~ s~_reties (surety b?nch. . . ·4. · . Establ_1~hments . adver~ely: affected.,..J?0aturnlv ri. . --satts.factory·~i,3 the . ~omm1ssi_c;i.n .tor payment to . catamit1es (NWPC ~woe/mes .Nf :,,07, Seq_. employees /;a~_ected_ ~y ; the : order of t~e . CQrr~~pom1J.n~ 1.icreaser}~.the eventsuch ord~r IS ;.? . . .... !tC affirmed_(!fFJ~of~-A- 6727, Rule V, $ec. '?)- . ·. . Note: Exemption 1s determine~by R"fW'J2B, an.cl· · ;.:~l . 'j/· · ~ · should _not_ exceec_i one y.ear.J.t\he aee_li~i3tion. fo'R' l--,i1 G_ro~z;!5!~.. .~i:OV~geor:~(,!r: (NQ~) . · ex~mption 1s no.tapproved, co'l(~red,wer~e~,shalr;~.e , ?'~ 1 .. ,MoFJt"ffio-{~it;~1th · ,prescribed · gu1del1nes. , paid "th~ mandated. ~age inc\eas<¥P,.I_~~simplej .· . ~:..1 · : · anci1b~:12fi9.¢$1"t!ifk . , · ·. · . . interest of. on.e P,ercer:Jt.. (1 %) ·p~,r!l.9:f.itti~Jb'~~p:_ !·.;/ . 2 .. Qu~_st10.ns.of l.;1w;:and' : ·· . . · .. . · Guidelines No. 02.~07, See. ·.12). · ~-~ _,: r;iir;,~-~~r.aveabuse of d1sc_r~t1on (NWPC Gu1delmf:}S • . . . . · . . · \~,:_....-·.;;.': · ),;-;1~:;r:"•11/:yQ:«..QJ-07,.. Rule \I, .Sec. 2), · . · Effectivity · · · <''0-~ • ./7/;:,c;;::'·;.,......;..,;.£'l' ·~~~ ·· · ·· . · · . · · ·· It· shall take E:ff~~t a~er. fifteen (15) ~~-~-fr~ts . · D<:»ct~ine of pou~i1;dl}dem~i~ ,·. ·. . .. · ,..... :<· . compl~te pubhc~t1on .in at.least one (1)'·'1!!.~WstJaper Dpuble · Indemnity ·refers: to· the... pen_alty·.'JO, i:JO. --·: . -- _of ;general circ_ulatibi:i · i_n· t_he region.-"lNWPC · af!l_ount equivalei,!f...:to·~ tw_ic~~·:the.; \J[ijJ~itl, :.~~-li~fi_t~t.t-' GuidelinesNo. 01-07, RULE}V; S~c. 5). .<>wm~ to employee/s ·due _to·, _no.n.-payment.. ~y :ari .. ~mployer of.fheprescri!:ied incre.a.ses'o~adjµstrn.~n!i ,.· in the .wage rate .(D.'O. :1,83-·1-1, .Ruf~)/,. S.e9:.~~1:{g)). '.;:,: . . N9te;. ·- Public hearings· . and . publication · -are • • • . . . .• .. . . o,.. :_·:.: ·:··.. •. .. ' •. mandatory: Wage ~rder issued by theo · Regional ~npal'd ~~n0fi,s . ·. · : ~·. ;~·-f~. . . .~·· _ ·. Wage Board without-.the required public head.rig or' The. prescribed v;ag_l{~ates whicli .the. e·mployetfail~d ·. c·onsultation,~and ..without pµ.blication··in· newspapers to pay upon the-eff~ctivity'of a.wage order, exdu~ive . of' ·g~ner:al 'circuiation' shall \)13 struck.· dowtr for .of.~therw~ge.-related benefits. '. ' . · violatiorrof Art. 12.3. of. the Civil' Code · ( Cagayan .. ·. . Sugar .Milling_Co: v.. Sec. of Labor, G.R: Nr;, •. 128399, . Note:. ·unpaid ~enefits s~i:ve;·as· the princ.ipal ba~is Ja~uary 1~, 1998) .. · .. · . · . ·.' .. . . for computing the double indemnity· (p. o:. fO,: Sec. 2(k)(199.8)/ . . · , · . · .·. ·. . : . . RTWPB,.riot NW.PC~ appr~ves ·a Wage,O_rd~r .. The'RTWPBs are empowered "to determine and fix. wages of.apprentices· and Jearn.e.r$ si,a11.in no case iJ!infmµm.wage rat~s _applica~ie.'in their re'gions• 'and be les~ -_t.han· 75o/o - of the · applicabl~· s.tatutory . ··to· issu.e · the correspondtng . wage ·. ·orders:" minimum wage rates (/RR of R.A. No... 6727,- Sec. · . Furnishing· NWPC a cppy of .the Wage Order does 10).·. . . . . . . ·. n'ot mean seeki.ng tt:ie _Corjlrriission's. approval. _Wh?t. needs prior appr_oyafis .not:the wage·order'but.it~ . implementing .rules a.nd·regu.latiq!')S (1 AZUCENA, :supra at 421). . . . .
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ARTICLE 124: STANDARDS/ CRITERIA: FOR'·· MINIM_UM WAGE FIXIN~-
degrees of responsibility, the . skills and knowledge required, the complexity ofthe [ob.ior. other logical basis . of . differentiatfon. For . purposes Of determining the existence .of" wage · 'distortion, employees .cannot create their· own independent classificatlon, which .is a matter ofrnanaqerrient judqmant and discretion· (Bankard· .Employe·es : Union::Wor.kers A/Jiance . Trade Unions v-, NLRC, G.R. No. 14068e, February 17, ·.
Factors for Determining Regiorial . Minimum Wage Rates.: (CNN-: WIP.E.D-FE) . . · 1. 'Needs of workers arid their families: .. . a. Demand for·living 1N,;1ges; . . b. . Wage adjustment vis-a-vis the consumer price index; . · . · · . · ·. · . . 2004).' c. Cost of living and ch.anges or increase .therein'.; . · . . .. · d. Needs· of workers and.tbelr families; and .2:·: '§ignificant' chanqe o·r increase in .the salary rate e. lrnprovernents lnstandards ofli:ving. .ofa lower pay class -without a corresponding 2.. Capacity to pay · · · . : .· . · · .'. ..·· increase in thesataryrate ofa highe,r.qne;. : · .. . a. _Fair return .. of. the capital Invested and.. 3: The .Elimination'.of the "dis'tinction between the ', capacity to pay. of employers two groups·O_r classes; and . . . . 3. Comparable ·wages.·a·nd Income 4.. The Qistortion exists In the· same region of the a. Prevailir19'wage levels . country (Alliance Traqe VniOl)S v.. NL:RC, G.R. 4. · . Requirem·ent of. ecenomic : and . · socjaL,~---~.2,..__: · No -, 14Q689, February 17, 2004).. development
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Not~: As a matter ·of pollcy.: the. 6t~te· ·pr9.mot¢:>' co1lective-b.arg·ai11lng_as theprimary modeotsettllnq . ,·. Given:· -. · · · · ·. .. · . . w~ges and other ·:terms· and condltions': ·q_f . ( · Existir\g--_riiihim~'!i w~ge_ i~ P300 d1;1y.. · employment. Thus.. the mere fact that th.e statutory ~ . 'I: Em ployee's daily wage, 1s· P350 .~ . · · rrrlnlrnurn :wage. has- b'een increased through wage . · ·Ma11date.cf~?QEiin~rea~e.is,P45 per day · order does not-preclude t~e. partlesfrotn voluntarily ~-. .. .- . . . .. . .-. . . : . . . entering into ,..a. collecting 'agreement·. for ,higher Computatlon: . . . /';;; wages _(R,A 6727,, Sec.. 2; and LABOR CODEi·Art. !j;.'• • 0 857 .. ~/'·.,/,:!{_' 218(1)). b°;<".. .' ./·," ,;,.'.:·'':\· . ~x P25 j. ,; -'1 :,·!"';'_, ARTICLE-' · ·126: PR9HJBITION .AGAINST r' \( . . . _;! r I ... ·; ,t..J.N:.J.YNCTIO~, . . if~ P ~1·4}/ t· )~.::::..'.:.:.Pi:9_c~e21n'ef~.··pf the NWPC .or Jhe -RlWPB. are f.t·. P,3.50.QO : 1, 7 !-( beyoncHtfe·r~~chpf tt\e injunction pow~rs of judlelat ~:: :.-'" .. . . ..,.J). or quasi-judif;~l bodies (LABO~ CODE,AH. ·126). +.:P 21.43"/; <~ ·. · t H ·t, · · . · · · .· -~; iW~fa · . j,l 'Purp~se:j1r:i}lo~er _for the .'Board/C9_1T1mission !O ii:' .. :.· .. . . . . . .,, . ··perform}ts ~w~t~ and functio.ns_sp.eedily without · (Metropolitan-Bank- & Tr.u~t-Gif.- 'f=mp1oy_ees Umor'f'-\ 1 , ! regard J,fo' tibnec\ssary il'lte.rvenfioris th~t may· t AttJ-TUCP ·v. 'NLRC, {3_;&1 .~o~~}_,t,iJ2{i6,· · (,-j :tremeB"do11$fl'affe6l~Jhewage-fixing ,f1,1nqtio'ns_ (1 . ·,..11~·.J POQUIZ:.:··~•• P..··1;~~:;,;1.t.379. ,_ it'-~- · September10, 1993; Wage Ofdei.r.Jo:,.,tq;.(?2 • ~ . rescrioed .by . Congre~s relafecl , ~oAc;~rte~ a?ti~itjes· as. ~ode~1Jit~Mlvi':9 (LABOR CODE, 1 ~7). ·· · · · .· · ( · disputes or controvers1es•.. St!3gmg.a·stnReifor said , ·· re.as.on.is a violatiooofthe·~~ndate'of R.A. N._o:67'27 .CHAPTER. VI:. ·AD~ll\ll~T~TIQN AND r.,. pr~vidjng:for voluntal)'.negotiatio:hs(a_nd a1rb8_ i~ka1ti?dnin · ·ENFORCEMENT · f· sol'ving wag~ _dlstor'tio·n probl_ems. flaw a u. o .. ng. ! ·. M.an~gaga,wa·I(. N~RC, :GR.. No: .91980,: fane 27, ART.ICLE128: Vist'rORIAL AND ENFORCEMENT.·· -t· 1991}~· · · •, . . . . : . · -~OWER·.. ·. ·. · ·.... :. . . : .. ·.. . . . .. . ·. .
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T.he DOLi; . has.. a total·· of 1'6 Regiqn,al.· Off.ices nationwide· ·each one· of · ther:n is headed· by · a R~gional DJrector. The DOLE' Regional Dkectorsa.re the duly· "auttioriz¢d. repre~en~tives~ of 11:\l;l. DOLE Sfi}cretary referred'tti.in·Art. 128 of-the' Labor Code which gra.nls-to.them bqth~visi~oti~! and enforcerri·ent: powe.rs:They.are in charge o_fthe adrninii,lrc1tion a_nd .· ·enforcement of · .tabor ·. 'standards :a within- their· re.spe'ctive ·,erntoriaJ ..- jur:iS€1ic~oriS: · Ru/es. on: the. Dispositionof Lab¢>,: Standard Case~ Irr theRegional'. . Offices Rule·/ Sec 3) . . .. . . . · · · ' · ' · ·· . ·
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Nature of Proceedings and Quantum of Evid_ence. T~e proceedings before the. Regional· Office shall _be summary and non-litigious in ·'nature, The R~gional · .Office may, however, avail itself of all reasonable ·means to ascertain. the facts. or the- controversy speedily" and objectively; i{lcluding ,oc1,.1lar inspection -· and. · exarnirialibh,, of .weJHntormed . ·perso.(ls: · SubstanUal:.evi
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The. exi.ste11ce·of ·an Er,E:e r.elationship.is a statutory pr~requisite .to and a· lir:nitation on _the' power of the · Secretary of Labor, one which:the legislative branch . is · ~.ntitled ·. to impos.e (People's Broa·dc.asting v. Se~retary "<;,~ the DOLE, ~-R. No. 179652, May 8, 2()_09).
. '. Jurisdiction . . · · ·, -; T!'te: DOLE hasquasi-judicial power atteast to ', th.e . The -DOLE. Reqional. Directors: .ha:ve . original. and· . extent necessary to· dstarmlne violations of labor · excluslvejurlsdtctlon .over the _follo.yir19cases: . : · .. standards provision. of the'· .Code. and other. labo.r 1 ... Labor standards enforcement cases under- Art. leqlslation. The SOLE or th~. Regional Directors cari I '., 128;. .. . .. ,: ··· lssuecompuance ordersand writsotexecutlonfor ·.2. Small. money claims cases .arising from labor . the enforcementithereof (Jethro Intelligence & .. standards -violatkms · iri , the amount J!.,O~~c.utity'Corp. .'f· Sf3_cretary of D(!LE, .G.R. ·,vo: · exce~ding .P~.000.00 and not accomp~g.ietl·wffh 1\1 t: ~§~.,_~ugus_t14, 2009). · · · .a claim for reinstatement underArt~9;. ,L_., Ji:} I .&" "'~~ , . . . . ·· . . · 3.. '. Occ~pati~mal safe~y and · health)ljbl~fi6ns{~ ~-=-,.==1!:._W.J;_r· ,il:o;~~teJIY)!_lle Existence . of Er-Ee 4. Reg1slra~on of µ~1ons·a~d-9n~lt~t19-t1{t~~f; . . KelatJ~~;;h"•_P,~~, .· · · : cases filed qgamst. urnori,f" ar\Q_y'Q~er,,4.Jae~- -....:r4t.EO~R{"'9~f\h.av?·the power to det_ermt~e . relation~ related•~ases; '. :.f ,(}""> · ~ '{"~~tne~ &~rie.!J{tVl,fp1oyer-:mplo~ee r~lat1qnsh1p 5 .. Complaints against pn~ate -1:i-J~«utm,ent:_a~, J',-... ~~sts.: ~pdtli~r~ to _dec1d.~ wllethe~ ~r hot to placement agencies· p
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conditio·ni or )natter wnich may ,b~ r1e1>essary to. de.ter!lli.ne viofations· or. Y.','.hich ' may..: ·ai~. ' in . ·the e.nfo_i:ce_m·enfof._the Codt;i ·<:Jn<:1-of any labor Jaw; ~age_ order, or. fl.lies .and r.~golations· (JRR.of Lab9r Code, -Boo_klll, Rule x,;sec,,_1J.. · · ·. . . . · · .. ·., Enforcement Pciwer is the power of the.-Secretary of_ Labor t9 compel _employer to. comply with labor . standarc:ls upon finding of. vi<:ilations di~cover~d in u:,e course of.t~~ ex~rcise of the visitorra·,power·(IR~ of Labor C()de~Book Ill~ Rufe_X, Sec, 2).
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Vi~i-to"r.iai~nd -~nf~rcemerit Po..;..,er . . . ... : Visitpr.ia.! F>,o...,e_r_is- the JJow~r:odhe SOLE 9fhis ~uly autho.rizep representative to have access"to · eri_l_plo¥e.r's re.co·r_dsand .pr_em.ise.s ·at any'·:tim_·_e ·oflhe .
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lnclud~s the power to: . 3. The employer ·~ontests·su·ch findings and ·raise 1. Issue: Compliance Orders based on the issues which cannot be resolved without findings of labor employment and· enforcement ~~msideririg evidentiary matters that are n9t officers or industrial safety·: engineers· made in verifiqble in.the-normal course ofinspection (!RR' · the course 9.f lnspection. and must observe·. of Labor Coi:Je,. Book /fl, Rule X, Sec. 2). · seven (7) caroinai requirements ofdue process in adrnlnlstrative proceedlnq; · Note:. To strengthen the Implementation/Exerciseof 2. ISSU!:! Writs of:Executi.onfor the. enforcement of ·Visjt_orial and.Enforce_rn.entPower, DOLECl.O. 18~. orders e~cept in.. cases .where'· the employer 17 was issued on 23 October 2017. providing the · framework =for inspection · aryd . ·issuance ·. of · contests the findings of the said· labor'officers arid. rais~s' issues supported, by documentary . }com(?liance c;,,rdei:s fD:O. tyo. 183-1.7, Rule_!, $ec. 1).·. proofs which were notconsidered in'the course .. · o(inspectipn;: .. . . · · ·_-· . . Modes .ot.1mp1ementati~n1Exercise of visitoriat · 3. . Order Wor~. · Stpppag~/ ·.: Suspension · . of and· Entorcernent Power . . .. 'Operattons when non-compliance with the Jaw 1-: 'Routlnetnspection; · , .: or .irnplementlnq: rules· and regulatJons · poses . 2 .. · Complaint Inspectlcn: and · grave and lmminent danger to the health and . -3; Occupational · $8fety · and Health Standards safetyof ttie:~orker~·fri',the workplace: and · · .·. tnvesttqatlon.. · 4 ... CQndllcttiea"rrnQ~ Wittii'~ tw~rlfy~fOur.°(24) hours .. · · ·· · · to determine whe~~e,r: ·: · · . ·· . ' - : .· , : ,~./-'.) Upon !he· disc~~tion . ?f. the _ S9L~. a Special .a. (":,n order- f6r.stoppagE_3of workl sospef1SJQ!\?J'i. lnspectlon Team may be constituted . to be of operations shall f:?e· lifted or not;,1:md _ fi. ••f 1: •.\;·).. composed of a group. of labor · i nspectors, or . b... Employer shall , pay. the .·.. emp!ot~~~;'::·J~i?.~. representativesfrom 'the Region.al Office, tlie BWC, . concerned their salary !n. case the violatro.'}~':-.,::::~)~e.._9SHC. 'f.lQ other DOLE agencies for the conduct. , . is attributable to· his fault. (lRR ~~§b.~(~f'cµu:oP.i!1~,:~ti000nJ,dn·establ\shments usihg foregoing . Code, Book 2-3J~-~>:'. ·. ~- ..: .I modes-(fJ._0./fJo: RULE Ill, Sec. ,1). . . /JI, Ru/e.X, . See. . ,,. / . {".,, 183-17, . " e ,
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The v1sito~ia[ and ei:itorcement. PQo/_fjff c;,f t~r \~ _ ~o'utine 11'iP.~ction . · $ecreta!)'of ~abor Qr D~l,.E ~egiraer·a~fi'~for'.c;~'>· ~'.~, _ l;lranche~l w rkpT~ces: and their contractors and. com·p_~1ance with labor ·~t~r!.q.~~p_·.:l~~s,'2-.~1f9C~<1. (D:'~: No: 183-17, fWlE.V, Sec._ 1). exercised even·where·th_e mcl~¥Jtl~al-~lc!Wl1:~~ce~~,s.·: ::\~ · • :~!!·W~~~~:,~'l.~:~.~';','.' ·.. . · . P5;000 '(1 A~UCE/IJA, supra at ~P?J, i:!:'.::-1tS·· . e~
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Powers: (EFC) . · ,_ · .... = . : , · . '1. The Er=Ee: relationshi'p still ·exists at the time of the initiatio'n.'ot thefacljpri; . •, ·. -~ ... :_ . _· 2•. · ,Jhe Findings of L~bor St~ndards·.And -Welfare . ··· Officers or Industrial . Safety . Engineers· weir.e · .. :m~d~ in th~ cburse c;it' inspectior,. re.g~rcfle-ss ot . '!Vhettier initiat99 by · ·complaint. or routine · inspection; i:ind .
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the employer submits corresporrdlnq .actlon plan .(D.O:'No. 183-'17, RULE--V,- Sec._3(e.2)). . . '-·· Complaint Inspection This shall be undertaken in any. of the_.following· cases: ... 1 . IJl{hen there is. Sir:igle entry Approach· (SEnA)
Proce'dura for Routine lnspectlon
to ·
Issuance by the DOLE RD otAuthority Inspect andAsslsqnment of Establis_hments...
·i:>reseritation otAuthcrity to [nspect ano Conduct of. Inspection and Verification of Cornpllance · ·
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Issuance of Ncitit:e of Results to the. . . Reprei,entativ~s 'of #le cmploy~f-aod the ~EBJ\
~errie_di.iition·.Pe.rio~ for Occupatlcual Safety and . Health Standards (OSH~)vlolatlons . . :· · · · ' Vlclatlons. .ot : Gl,.S aoQ/ _.· or· .. contractinq and Sl;)bconfracting).ul~S are'subject to.to-day correction. perlod., Vy'hjle- 'O~.H. · violations 'are subject to the · following ..reiTiediation period: . . · '. 1. If the· violat.io~ poses· imm'1nent d_anger In the life and limf> ofIhe employees, remedlatlon 'shallbe . made within 1:'day from receipt of NR; .. · , · 2. .If the violation pertains ·to .Personal .Protective · .·· :Equ1piru~nt$~(PPE), remediation-shall· be· made· with!n 3 daY.sfrom receipt of NR; · 3·. If violations·pertain to instances other than those aboye-mentlcned, a. IQng(;lr period is allowed . which shall not· exceed · 90 days, provided. that
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2. · When there is an anonymous complaint':... 3. Where . there · is . a· request in'. a conolllatlonrnediation proceeding 'before. the. NCMB "to validate or verify alleged violatlon of labor standards (D;O. No. _183,.17, Rule VI, ~ec•._1;:" pr~cedµre·for._Co'mpla·i~tl~spect.ion·
of
_ In ~~-$9 fallure,to.correctviolatton, parties. : .· shalJ:be 9~llecn~ a mandatory c?nfJm=:nc~. ~- .. .Within .1 O·day.s· upon.termlnanon of.itie. .· mandatory conference;the.'LI shall subrnlt . 'recommendation to,the-RD:. Thereatter, or within· . twentydays, µie RD shall issue a compnance ·
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order. ..
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(D;Q. ('Jo.. 183-17;· Ru/e·Vt, Sec. 2) ..
O~ejpatlonal. Safety· ·.and Health. ,Staricia'rcis . ln:v,esti.gation . . . -: .. This shall covei: th~ following iristances: · 1. · Existence of in,mineritdanger;·
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.Dangerous oc_currence.s; Accident re.suiting in disabling injury; or 9SH~. vi9lations committed in plain view ·o·r in. the presence of a. Labor Inspector (D.0: No. 1 [!3-17, Rulf:! V(I, Sec. 1}. .
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-£:_ The mandatory "c:onference shall 'be ·..summary in -:s,. · nature and shall be conducted as follows:
. . In' routine· inspection, within 10 -days after the . ,.;. ~ laps~ · of . the · 10:-day. correction period for. ·· I<;: vlolatlon · bf . GLS : and/or· contracting and . supco'ntrac:ting rules. For''Q$1j; ·failure to correct. t· OSHS_violairon with the remedlatlon perlod shall caus·e.the issuance of Compllanoe Order; . · 2 .. · For_ Complaint and OSH rnvestigation,:":"it~in 1 O {· · ·: days after the lapse. of: the 10-day. correcnon f,. perlod for . violation of GLS, OSHS 'and/or ~-. . . . · contracnng and subcontracting rules (D. 0. No.
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Groun.c;ts , . .1: Prima facie e.vidence of grave . abuse of di'scretiori on thei,part df th~ RO; 2. Pure q·ues.tions of law; or. . 3·: Serious errors in · the findings of fact were committed, which. if not·correcJed, would cause' grave irreparable 'injury to t~e appe)lanr (D.O... No. 183-17, RULE;:_ . . ..,. XIII, Sec:·2) . .. Wher'e to file · · . · The. appeal.shoulc:J.!)e filed with the Regional Off.ice th~t. issued 'the _Gomp:liahce Order.' The filing of a Memorandl!m· of Appe~l·with· any oth~r office shall_'· no~: tol! tl)e running of th~ r'eg!em'entary period for 'filll")g the same (D.O: No .. 183-17; F?_ULE Xiii, S~c. 3).
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Di~~issal of the Cas_e . · ·. J,·•'j)' · .S~_c_retary of Labor or rtls . R~gionafDirector or any ~::,: W_1.thin20.day~ from _the re?e1pt,of_Labo~lnspe?\ol'{~,-:·:·:·~_:··.':1 duly · · . . .·_ authorize~ du~y .authortzed hea(ing_ ~: .. r.ecomm_endatl?rl,.the Region,al. Director may 1sf,U~;·' .. '.~·_;: ... .r.eµr.esent~!)v.e who may ojfice.r of;DOLE.. · tl, an o_rd~r of. dlsmissal of the case on any .9-ff th'.~I': rt 'E'.. 1 otm1iy:F10(b'e\aRegional ·· · · ~: . following gr.ounds:: . . . /~·-si Dl~e'cto~;..:.-:f. . t. T~e findings _of. th~ Labor lrispe~1.Jir"havenp(t,,1,1~ · ·· · · basis in ~act andln law;' .. · .: \./:,,./{. . £?-'17· · 2.:: '.'fl)e. empl?ye,r pre_~e.nted. su,b~~,iti'a!t~l~foc'~ · .. 'Adminis~1t" tisitorial_. Adjudicatory·. po~er :' on ~-. · , con~oy~r:tingthe fi~dm~~ -~t.~~t:aboPinspe-cto'it_\. , and. enf~rcewen~\,power matters . jnvolving i:: .. ~· '. Th? cor,rec~lon .?r re~~tuW:i9.--:'f',aS :T.?~e bY... ~e.•. · l;{Jj ~xer.ci~~d.:. '1_·tllr.o0gl:l recovery of wa. e.: employer prior._ to the l~Ua!jl're of!:the_&0mphao.9~·. ;~'i:j. routii'rEif·~:•jfi~_p·ei5fion'$i-" of g t~' order;·. . - .. . •J. p,...h( . ,.: .7t:' "tii"' .•.,~·1.•1;v--: . . . Th · · · t d- ·.. ~-...... · .i::o.;.;1• · • ..J.f .. ·. estabhsnment~ ··. . !,.':· 4·• . .. e . · parties en ere· ·:into :l•"'J.,.."'(i,•J,Ull'Jp,roml}t:: · .. ! . 1· ,· ·agre_e,:n~nf. · ifl . the rno·?~ . ori P,f'ym·~1t· a~d. :_; _.,.;....~ ~ poi:np11anc~- 9nly): dunng. thel.,;~:ar:id_atory . ,;/.~11t, ·R·•• ~-.~ . : ·. t f E. · · · ~-. conferen<,e;··or. .. . .,~:/. .e,,~.:'.'":-'E'•:'-" ~9!.:n,~1ex1s ~nee.. o .Er- e rel~tionship is not .5,~ .~ny·other··analogous drcurtlsta,nc~~arr,n.tlhg · -~!~Ee.. relat1.onsh1p. . ,.. necessary . sincEr ,·it Ir the. dismi$sal ·.of ·the case· (D.o N..<>.~-183-17, · should ·not. in.clud.e.. a. ( 'Rl!fEX( seo:·3). . :· ' ' · .:--:~--·. . . claim_ for.reipstatement. ~. . ~
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. w..~rk Stoppage Order (WSO) ·. . . · Tn.e $OLE qr:his ..duly aµthorized r~pr~sentativ.e'rr,ay"·· direct to stop wholly or p~rtly, ·.the war~ oper:atiqn, of . a11y-un1t. or- departmenf'qf an. 13stablishment when .. non-compliance with OSHS poses· Imminent danger . to: the' heafth and. safety. of the Ea1mployees of ttie Workpli:ice. Under exceptional' circumstances, th~ SOL.E'may.order' ari inqustry7wi~e WSO ·(O.O. No, ... .. , .1-83-17, ,.RUL'E . . y111,..se_c. . . . . 1). .. .
Appeal . . . . .. The 'cor:ipliance· order- may t;>a·. a'ppeal~d 'to the. :, . POLE-OS'EGt,y filing of.a ·Memorandum of ·Appeal, ~- · · f-urnishi'ng .the other· party· . with .a cop,y within 1 o · calendar.daysfrom receipt thereof. A l'l)ere·notice 'of . appeal shall.not-toll the 'running of t~e. period wlt~in r.:, which to appeal (D.O.·No. 183-17, RULE.X/11,·_sec. '1). '
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Aggr~gate"daimof each complainant.doe·s. riot· : exc'e'e,dJ=>5;000, · :
Appeal tci $ec·. ot'-~ati~r. Appeal to NLRC,:within withln.1 o calen<;la·r- d~ys; 5 c~lendar days: . . . l'.;>~clsion ·. may be elevated to·the Court of. · Appeals· (CA) .' througli certiorari: . (1 AZUCENA, supra at 469~·4_71).
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Note: Where no Er-Ee relationship exists between the parties.andno issue is involved which. n:i_a_y be · · resolved by reference to the Labor Code, _othe_r labor statutes or-any collective b~rgaini.rig agreement, it. is the Regional 'Trial Court : that.. -has Jurisdiction· ( Urbenes, Jr.. . v .. Secretary of DOJ..E, G.R. .No. 122_7$1, Eebruary·19,· 2003). : · ·
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. Ex-Officio Voluntary Arbitratots.(EVAs)· b.o. No. 8~-07, series of 2007, designated ali DOLE Regional Directors,and Assistant Regional Olrectors as EVAs. ·
As EVAs. the DOLE- Regional Director arid their. assistants have Jurisdiction over the following: · 1. All.grievances arislnq, from the interpretation-or · · ARTiCLE 12.9: R~COYERY QF.WACi°ES, SIMPL!:; 'implementation of t~e-CBA;. · MONEY C~lflt1S. AND OTl:IER BENEFITS· ·2. Ail grievances· ·arising from the interpretati'on R.\H:;overy af W~g·es; 'simple'·Mpney Glaims, and:. enforcement of_cqmpan'y personnel. potlcles .. Other· Benefits· · which remainunresolved after exhaustion of the The Regional. Director o'r. ~ny. .'of·his. cluly authorized· . grievance procedure.. . . .. . · hearing · officer is empowered through summary · 3. , .Gases referredtothem by the DOLE Secretary proceeding and'after' due notice, .to naar arid decide · underthe DOLE's Administrative Intervention for cases involving · rec;overy .Qf ·wages. arid·· other · · . Dispute Avoidance; end '. . . . monetary ·' clalms, ·. and · benefits, including. legal ·. 4.' .' Upon agresm..enfof !he parties (D: o. No.. 8~-07). · interests (LABOR COD~,·_Art._ 1-!l9);. . . . · · · . . . . · . . . · . . .. · . _._ · · · .. ·. : . ·,:;,;,c.'.a==,:,=cl.!le. EVA shall have the -power 'to hold hearings, Requtsttes .for RD~.s Jur)sdi~tion .. _qv~~itr(ple -:rr . T ·-y~9iw~,E}.~idence·_-a_ndtakethenecessary actions to 1 Mooey'Claims: (H~) . . .. . . -~: · _le~ol~!:l't~p~J~pute(0.0. No. 83-07, item 4). . 1. The _Aggregate fT!Oney pl~rm ok'?.ao~ ei,pp,lof~J~~,--=--=~-:( _ff./",, · . . ·· ... · or househelper does not ~xceeqi:P5.upg;,.~. J:he·t:J~sTon,9'1\_award·of·the EVA shal] be:fmal and 2.. The·. claitn .is. presented ,P1~¥,e.~··er."--~~L·,., . exe.c.Q.!o~~@ir''\~~al~ndar.days frorn the .Pc:i.rtie~· . . person employed in dorp~~~ 61 . hqusehc;>l.q- "1,r . -~~ceiptq,fth\_c~...,.Q¥,P,e decisi_qn _of ~ward.(D'.O. No. · service or .!:!ou.se.helper;- ';1 ,""4y1, ·. · { . . . .Ir' -,#;J\. ,83-07, item·:Bj.~ {( -'~- ·. · · .' . · 3. The claim arises fror,i,'i .5mP,loyE:lr-~mployee 1· . · ·ii . \ (f) \--. · · · ·- relations; a_nd . . 11 J'.-~-· ~--,~lr-A-riiotionfor:.r~o~nsid~r,aUon may·be filed before the 4. Th~ claim~nt does- no,· -_'t~'~k·/~einstat{lmeFil!f't;-, ~els.ion av.rard'J~p;'~ \\o finality ~nd shail:~i9p_ the. AZUCENA, supra af46 ,~f$j;).~ -. \. -~ ,,;,y:;.,fM!ningpf'the"1P-ldaY:~:eriod for finality. No seco.nd.•. . · · . · ·.. . '~~,1 ~("1l\ .·. . ;::-;~motion/Thr6)"ec~ns[d'e_r~lion·.shall ·be allowed. -_-A No.te: lfl the ab!ienc,e of c;iny ~f~i~e--~~,quisl~_\l{Js:r~i~ · 7°i:imoifoJf:[~o;ec9,Msid.er.atJon shall b_e resolved within Labor ArbitE!r· who shall h~v~~ch.i\iveJ\!_i" \i~tib ;~ 4:
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The so-called commlsslons paid. to or received- by medical representativeof-Boie-Takeda Chemicals or by th~ .rank and file. employees· i=>hiHppirie -Fuji Xerox were--exclud_ed from.the _.term "baste ·s·a1ary'' because these werepaid as.-~product;vity bonuses"; Such bonuses :· closely reeernble profit~sharir,g payments · and have · no clear, .direct, . necessary · rel~ti_on to the __amo_unfof 'A,1(5rk·actuaJly.dtjn~·by .each . lndtvidual employee (Boie-Take.da Ohemlcsls, Inc. v. ~a~is · ... ·•·. . De la Serna, G.R. No. 9~[!4, Decf:!mb~i 10, 19.93).' · Po(. purposes o'f, computing the 13th· month pay·_,;-,:·') · - . . . · "b~sic salary" includes all_remun~rations or-earni\'.1~~>-(},i_ Prod~ctivity Incentives . . : ·.· .. · ·: . paid by ar emptoyer to an employ~e for. servjce·s'./. )\ '.I. Kmq of-bonus th!:lt comes-from _productivity.gain; rendere9. (20,19. Handb.ook· on_ Workers Moneia,y: ...·_,: ·· 1· 2 .. Aims :lo instit~te productivity- at. company level. Statu_tory Benefits,,p.38). . · _: : . )} ·~J:":'~:~nd th_~:·jh~~~ml of produ~tiyity, g~in between ·. · .· · · ... · . ·.· .r-"'."/'/ · .• , ·JiF.-"-t~~,.~'tnf>_l9-Y1f~anq e_r:npl~yees; ~nd. · .. .· It .doe~. _r,ot_ mcl.ude all .aUo'."'ances apst.J,no.neJary,"':; 1.~ ;3. ~~~tir-e• scila_ry bonus 1s . ~~oport1onate. benefit_s which are n~t c~ms1der~d.or.~1rif~9[al~~ ·aic;:',{ ... mcrea~r_,;hm. curre11t productivity (Product1v1ty of~he re~ul~_r~r b~_s,c sala~·~.~11.:51~0~.Y lncenr~ 'of 1990, R.A. Noh_,697?). ·._ .· :
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- !~_ave cred i,s; C~nimissior{s;<:Jli~~-Q9t"e!r,:i, fnt~f!r?tl ~ ~ !') .. d9 no!/(ot,fll~P.~hi'i~qf~'basic salary;' ·and .are· riot
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, pa_rt_.of the. ~asic sala_ry (F./"ljjllppme D(jetic,ato]§;_l. ·. I i_ncliilicii~J11'.'.°tliJt~it?putationof the 13th ·:month· fnc.~V,· NLRC, ·G.R. No. 110068, February 15 . 1!;}9.5); ·,. . . . . .. . . ~~-~;>\ .. f . paY.·. . . . . . .. : . . . . . . . . , . 2. ·, Qosf of. Living" -· Alloviance l!'fC(yLA)}}(2019 . Handqook .on ·Worker's· MonetJrx?'St'atutqr,y __/:,,1.:J\·~~1QIG~L~~r_e~entatives?re. not salesmen bec,ause ': ). Benefit~, ;:,:.{fB).. , . · .. · . \4· · ,..-/{;....,......".:.,.......!.tl'l.e¥1.do:.ool,.effE:ct an5!_sale of article a.t ~II; addition~! ~.::._. 3. .!::!.ol{d,a"ypay;· .· :~ f':v. payrpents r:~ce_1ved·p~rtake of._the !'ature·of·prof1t·- 4. · Overtime pay;· · . ~~-- . · .,sJ:)a~ng .b?~~ses:(l=!~,~~T.akeda:Cfl.emj9als; ·Jnc. -v. ;: .: . 5.:· fremturri pay;;a'nd :. . -. · ·· · Dela s__ema, ·G._R. No. 92171 IJecember_ 10,. 19_$.3); 1.·.· . · : 6., · ~.i.9ht $bift ·diffe~ential. .· . ·. . · . .· . . :· · . . ~ · · .. . ~ ." · ·· C.ov.er_age . . .. . _. . ,. 1 ~:· · : N·~t_e::~;~_rtim~'~~'i-nihgs.an.d tho§.~ not Pi:lrl -~f the . · Employers .. ·. .. · · · · .· ·· ba~ic;:.s~l.l~ry an{ ~ot inch.1ded in·comp~ting'tnirteenth -~ene"ral. Rufe": .All employers are .covered:by '-' mqn_th pay.(SupplfJ.l'i1e,:,(aURRP.D: No. 851) .. . this Act-.· ·:. · ·.··. '' . •. . .' . . · ·.: · .:-. . . ~ . . . . .. . ~: .
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PflY( C04,A) sh~uld--b_e included ,in)he .c6mputatioo · or the. -~ ~th- month pay if t?Y. lnc;lividuar or" coilective -. ,. f.,· .agrt;i~m:ent,-!=Dmpany pradi~e or" policy: the- sam.~ f . . a.~e; tr~ated . as ·P,art_ of the _basic salar.y qt ·.the t · employees (2019. Handbook on worker's-Monetary ~ · · .. StatutoryBenefits, p..38); . . , · ·· :."
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S~le.smen's C~rl')m.l~Sjons, con,prisir;ig a pred~_termined percent of.tl;le ·s.elling··price 0( the·goods sold by · each salesman, are .Included ih the term "basic $alar.y··· for _purpos~s of ·computing the" 131h
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E,:nployers .of .those . who a~e Eaid. :on:. (CoBoTaFj . . . · . ;. Purely·c."onimission· ba.sis·, I... ii. Boul'ldary basis; . ;- · · JjL Task.basis; or . · ·. iv. A . fi~e.d·. am_olJnf'." fo~ ·. Pirforming a· spebific work;.-~xcept"where t.he wq"rkerS: are· paid Qri piece-rate basis in· which . . c~se the· emplQyEir $h~H t,e' c~vered. oy .·· . this issuance· insofar as sucfi workers are· concerned; ·
2ois SAN aEbA lJ!.W CENTRA~IZED ·BAR OPERATIONS·
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l.ABOR STANDARD·s. ·~O.'YA24¥E#6!#8ES
SAN.6f:OA LAWCENTRAL1Z£DBAR OPEFl,ATIONS- MEMORY.Alq ~019: ES# FAE irilfk&I P . :i'Mi#t Y:W 49
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_Not~: Workers Paid On Piece-Ra'te Note: The frequency of payment may b_e. subject to Basis refer to those who are paid. a: agreemen! between . employer ciQd the collectiv_~ bargaining · age'nt of · tt:ie .. employ_ees (Revised . standard arnoi..mt for every piece or unit ', of work produced that is more or fess· Guidelines.of P.D. tyo.·851, item 4 (b)). regularly replicated without regard to tne . .. time spent in producing the sai:ne.. .. Non·-,.;~lusion in Reg_utar.Wage:· . · · · · · The mandated 13th month pay need not be credited b. Employers already p"aying their employees : as part ofreqular wage of employees for purposes . 131h month pay or more in a calendar yearor .· of determlnlnq: overtlme arrd premium pays; fringe .its ·gquivalent at the till'!€ of this issuance; benefits Insurancefund, So"cial Security; Medicare· Note: -~'Its equlvalent" includes: (CMPO) . . . and "private retirement. plans (Revised Guidelines pf . · · i. '·· cnrlstrnas' bonus; / ;· PD 851, /feni 7)'. . · . ·' · . · ·. · · . · .· ii. -Midyear bonus;' · · ' · · iii. .Profit-sharing payments; and · .u is. paged Oil wage J~llt. not part" of wage ·( Central ·· iv. 'other casf bonuses not'less than.. 1/12 Azucarera de Tarlac v,·Cr:Jhttai Azucarera de Tertec ..
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Empl?yees · . . U· fu)f.,~ ~ Ttio,~~ with~glti&i,- Empi~>"yers · Gen~ral_: Rule:_ . All r~1nk"f,.ct~,-fll~re. 1 ploye~s~~ .. ·: G(?§~entf e~pfofees w~rkirig: part. ~ime in .a regardles:> o~ tl:je a/'ll.c cxc.mptc:~:ro~ -~~~In {tc.; \3 .lf.itl , . ·--..,~of.more~1'late fi~~s. whet.her on f\.111 or. part time .mo~th_p~y; ·,. . . . \. . . ~ : "::- ,. ~~.,.<-.'-"' 0'°~is,Af¢ ~~t_i~~1to the"re_qCJ_ired 131h mont_n pay. · · ,.,· t· .·· s · h I · · ~ ftf th Jciih'1EN~\~{&Qm;;afl :t_lie1r pfwate employers regardless of e. _uc emp oy_eErs. a,:e ~(11 e '"'~.......:Ll~ftie(f·fy>tat:·~rriings "troi:n. each · qr all".-their f')'lonth P~Y ·regardless of t~e'it~t~~.!~~i:~fli~.;..:,;<-::,;-:e_rQplo~i{Rev.isecf Guidelines.of P:D. No: 851 · .. ~~ployment · -~tatus,. and 1rresp':'s~uv.~::-toP._,th~. 1\ ,r b, ~'1&:,hi'i"!f';..tti)).· :- · .. · · . · ·' .. r:net.h(?<:I· by_ which their_wag.es_ are-pam-;.;~9\"li9'ed .1\/i.t':"~'.\.- ~ ,;,,P' ... ·. · .: ·.. . : that th_ey liav.e worked for: at-1_~.:i~t (1). ?Q.~~ont~~at~School T~-ache-,..s' · during a .calendar year (Rev.tsed Gµ_1delme$ on · .. . .· · . · . ..· . . . th , .. t j; f fth :13'1>-M nthPayt-awi. P_nvate .sc~oc;>I .t.eac_~ers_1• _lncludmg_ faculty e_ mp eme? ~ ,on e , · .'!. .·. '· . rrrer:n!2~rs .of urJVer~1t1es a,nd .Golleges, are Exc_eptlons: .(C~eG) . . ..' .-·· . ' . ~h~!.t~ed . t?· . t!l'e :_ ~equir~.d · ... 13th' '. rn~n.th . P?IY, .. 'a:_. .. Emplciyees:paid·pLireiy on £ommi_ssien.basis~· ~. _. ·.regarq!es,s of.the nµmber .ot montf:ls_they_ lf;;a?IJ · b. · Employees already Receiving 131h. month· pay~ or are p_a,~ within a yea.r, 1f fhey h~v~ render,ed. / 'and . . ,.-:·. . .· ·.· service. for_ at· least· 1 month. w1thm: ?. year c:. · §o~~rnment employees (Revised G"uidelines of .. (Revi~.e~Guidelin:es·~'. F!_.D\_N~. 851, /~em 5_ (c!)PD 851, Item . . .· · . · . ·. ; · ., . . .Pro-Rated :13th M~lit.h:Pay · . . .. , · · . _. ' · :Not_e:·oomestic Wotke~ 1:1re.-now 'ebtitlec;l to 131h, ·.An·eiljplo~~-e ~h? h~s-.r~sigped o~ wh~_se.~ervices' Month Pay"(R.A. No. _1036"1, Sec: ·25,· par.-.2) ... · .. ·, were·ter.rrnnat~.d at" ar.iy" t,me befor~ the payment of . · · .. · · · .· · · · ·. ·. . · . the'1-3th ryionth p~y rs entitled to thls,monetary benefit . . Time .of f>ayment . . . . : in proportion t~ the" leri-gth .of:time_ h~ work~. 9uririg·. Pa(d" riot later than December 24 of each year. An the ye~r reckoned· from ·the tirii~. he started· working . employer, however, m_ay-give to '1is ~mployees_-1,2 . during the calendar year up to the time- of hi~ . ·cit_the· required 1·3lh'iT)_onth pay-b_.efore the op~r.iing of . resfgnation. or. termination from service '(Revised. the regular :schoql year and. t~e ·other half 011 or· Guiqeline~ of P:D. 851, ltem~6). · · . · . before . -December· ,24. of every . year . (Re"vised_ .. Guidelines ofP.D. No. 851, item 4 (b))." . · ·\ 2.
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· 80 I 2019 SAN SEDA l..AW.CENT8ALIZ~D 8AR.OPERATiONS
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·LABOR. STAN DARos·
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BAR OPE:RATIONS - .MEtv;ORY AID 2·~,9
SA/ii BE:DA LAW,CENTRAJ.IZ,E:D
. . . \: Genera.I Rule: Pro-rationof tliis benefit applies only in _cases·. of resignation _. or. separation from work; · . ·.r, computa9ori should be .based on length of service ·. '~~-. and not on the actual wage earned by. the worker .-(Honda- Phi/., 'lnc., v. · S.a'!7ahang Mangg~gawa sa ·~';. .nonae, G.R. No. 145561, June 1_5, 2005). .. .
14th M_~nth Pay is not legally demandable sin~e· it. is. basically. a. bonus and therefore, gratuitous in nature. ·The. granting· of 14th month pay is a manaqernent prerogative which cannot '.be forced upon by the employer (Kamaya Po/Qt Hotel v. NLRC, · G.R.=f'!?· 15289, August 31, 1989):
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_':'( E~ce.pti'on: Employees who ate 'paida gu·arantee~ mi~!murn, waqe or commissions earned are· entitted tt to 13th month pay based on total earnings.(Pbilippine .,~;:. Agricu(tura/. .<:;ommerqial 'end' Industrial.'. Workws. @i. Union v. NLRC, G.R. No. '107994,'Af.!gi.Jst·14, ·1995).':
Cov~r~l'geJrom tncorne Tax of the 13•h·M-~ntti Pay . . 131h . month , . pay and . other. benefits, such as · productivity incentives and Christmas bonus, not exceeding P90.,000 .are exempt from t~xaHon-(2019 Handbook on yV9rker'sMonetary Statutory Benetlts,
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utustratlon: . -, : .. , · · .. .· fi. 1. . X worked for 6. months prior t~?' resignation. He .. · · received .a monthly 'salary of.. Pt,500. ~'$ 1·3.th:. month pay Will,be computed.as.fohows: -~ - : . ·.
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Adjudic~tion'qt Ciaims · · ..", · . · . ··Non-payr)'le,:it or.13•h month l?<:'.Y shall be treated as money claims cases (P.D.: No. 851, Sec. 9)
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MEDlCAJ.. · .. bENTAL · ANo'
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GHAPTI#. 1:-~ e\JCALAND DENT AL SERVICE~i _' '.
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as qualified to administer first~aid. _by the. Philippine · N_ati9nal Hed._Cross or .by ·ariy other organization. · accr'e.dited.by 1he former {IR'R ·of ~abor. (;ode, Book . JV, Ru_le.'I, Sec. 2(c)): · · .. ' .. · ·.: ·:. . · _ •••
On materti)~y.fe~ve · · .. Np sa_l~r:y·· .
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0<.·-,·--~,,~~--crn \.,,.~ ARTn.~.~K1~~:Ji'i!~~··"-AJDTREATMENT. .. . No absence · _. ~~h\1~_1.5,P~:: _:I ~irsf ~ld~e_at_rrient ref~rs· t~ ·.a_n_ adequate, _ · No· al:?_sehce "•t.: ~1)1~\1 .50 J' . · '(}, •.mr:ne91ate· an.d·. ri~c_essa:Y . "'.~teal . _and ~ental ·_ • · '·.. ;-1 . • ·, l!.~a!_t~J1t1on'Or ~emedy given rn ca~e of ·il'.IJUry or 1lln_~ss. .1 day·leav.e w/ pay .. ~'!A.?1:;tl:1,50·.. ..,,::!'.1-'~:1W&l'fiPi~~b,1. a worlser · durin~ .. emp~oymen_t, N b · ·. · ,rlt 111.iE'h.<"'·- ----~~1rrespectiv~ofwhether or notsuch tnJUry or rlln~$S JS o ~ s_enc_e ·· ·: !~, • ·.!.-?•r : : . . :<,.,ark-connected;. before a more extensive medical .2 .days leav.e w/:p,ay· . :P.~~~t1dl50. -. ·. and/or' c;lental 'treatment .can be .~ecured (/RR of · · . · · ·, · · r.. -1-11 ·•· Labor.Cqdjj;-Efook JV. Rule I, Sec. 2(a))., \. · .2 days le_c1ve _W. :ppy :r.: 1,1 _.. . 50 _ :.· · -
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s(J:(-day work-:Vfeek or . ~IJ \<Wfale13,\~(~r:it~ly _b~slc salary of P) 1, 1 ~-1:5~~-~·.,;·-...:r. . C\. : · · · , · •· '1 ~- •. · · 1, · ·
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Thus, X:is:entitled to p3-.750·:. ·, .· .
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_ .. Pr_dportionate . - 13th Mont'! Pa.y .. · . ·t-':::t;<,·\~ .. . . i .. ~'(,., .... ,Ii:) .... ><6in~nths)· : . ,-, ! •. .-;,:)· . P3...,5 . . ·I·
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· P9,011°.08'is.-~h:p:;o_PQrtionate13lh moo.th 'pay.. (Dep_. Advi~ory No·. 2; Serie.s.of 2012):
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Hazardous .Workplaces ·· Where the .'natu're of-:.the work: exposes· ftie. · · _workers· to dange.ro1,1s erivfronmental·_elements, confamlriarits. -or- work conditions· ·. ·incJudihg . . .. ion[zirig' _radiations·, chemicals, ffrs: fla_mmab_le'. · s.ubst~nces, noxious c;omponents and the.like; 2. Where the workers are engaged' In_ cc;m·str.uction ·work; logging,· fire-fightln'g, mining,' q·ua_nyln_g, blasting, st~,1~edQring, do.ck . work, tjeep sea fishing and· mechanized.farming; - · · · · · · 3. Where· the workers. are 'engaged ih -the_ 'ma'riufacture or handling of explosives and other pyrotechn)cproducts;· · · ·
·1:
2019 SAN SEDA
i.Aw CENTRALIZED
BAR ~PERAr10Ns
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·-LABOR STANDARD.S· SAN BEDA LAW CfNTRAUZED BAR OPERATIONS-· MEMORY AID 2a1~ 'IA oI!f
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PRNtiM&M ;u 1P\VDBSiwntews+Hway;sei:t.n9W\ zs:;,;;i;aawe:si.ci Mc5:ta&eeaMoez
. . . 4. Where the workers use or are exposed to.heavy or' power-driven macl1.iriery or equipment: and 5. Where {he workers use or.are exposed to power. driven tools. . . · . . .. The B~reat'.i of L~bor§t~ndards With the-.~pproval of. the•Secreta:ry of ~abcir."sh.all·from tirne to time is.sue . a detailed llstof.hazardduS Wqrkplaces for purpOS!3S -_of.this. rule (fRR 0f the Labor Code, Book_' JV,· 8Ulf! I, $ec. 8). ·· · , ...· ·. , ·. · .· ; · . . · ·· ·
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a. ' 3,5 Ftrsi Aiders . b ... 1 Full-time ~urse c. 1 Part-time Dentist d. 1 Part-time Physician IV!e.dium·to High Risk: · a. 3;5 First Aiders · .b. 1 F4ll-tim:e Nurse
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501 ~2000 Worker's 'Low Risk: ... '. ARTICLE .. 163: EMERGENCY . MEDICAL .AND. a.. 6-20 First Aiders DENTAL SERVICES . . , .. · . b. 1 Full-time Nurse . Emergency l\lle~lca!· and Dental S.enrlces 1 Part-time Dentist. 'i. .., ·1: . 10-50 Employees : . ·.. ·. . .; , .. d -". 2 Part-time Physicians · · a:: -.Graduate iirst-aider · ·. ·· · · Medium to High .Risk": · . · 2. .51..200. Employees.. . . . a. · 6-20 'First Aiders · . +a.: Hezerdous ytprkp/ace - full-time. registered b.. 1 Full-time Nw.se·. . · .nui:s~·-. . · . . . : . ·. · .. ~;:?-"'"-""~c.. 1 Part-tin:ie-o~nti~t .. . ' · b. Non-nezeroou« workp/~ce -:-.G~~t~""ffrst-1f · -r ~ 'Ir~,? .., Part-time . Physiclana or 1 . Full-time · alder. · . : . . . . ~?' •.,.,., l'~ lLJ L \1 9~Y~!cian . . . · ·... · 3. 2.01:-300.E!'llploye~s .· · · .· - . ,1r-<. '·) f'/~=~""'ti.._,,:,,~ort~l).am]OOO Workers a:. Full-ti~e reg1s~e~ed nurs~~. -tow1R1skJbl'1gh-Ri_sk:· ... · . . b. pact.,t~m~·phy~JCJr;"!~/ ·,,.,,.-.R~~~":">
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'Health. P.erso~nel ,: ·: . ·.. ·· ·. : .: . . .: ~~:•.. ~ l v'i.lf~Q~~atio.~al.dentist,. e.~t~gjishments··~h ente;~ · · . 1;· 1-so:worke(s.··. · . .. Meinorariduni· of 'Ag'reerrieint· for- .·dental · ' .. ·. . . . tow .Risk: ·.1 First·Aidet _. 'l_ :. ·. · . services for: work·ers, provide'd that the. reqtiirements. . Medlµm tc;> High R.isk: 1 .First.Aider... : · for dent~! facilitiei:i:are·n'l.et ··. ·. :_'· : . : : .'·. ·, · .·, . ··:,·. . . ..... . . . .. ' " . .. ', . .· . . ·. ... . : . . . . . . .
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. :.. : L~w:~isl.<: t Fir~t Aid.er. . ·· Medium to l-llgh·Risk; .. ·a.· ·1 First Alder . . . . ~ b:. ·:2,.Part~.tinie· Nurses. 3. · 100-199' Work~rs , ·. l.Qw.RiS~: . . . . . a.·' ·2-First,Aicters _ . 'b. · 2 Part-time·Nurses M.edlurn.to HlghJRi~k:· . · 13 ... 2 First.~\ide_r~ - · · b. 1 Full-titne Nurse c. 1 Part-time· O~ritist. d. 1 · Part-.timePhysician · 4. 200-sooworkers · : . . . Low Risk: . .
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Hea.lth··Estab!Jstim~nts.. · . · · ·. · ·· · . · ' .. 1·. · 1.-50:Wo(Re·fs .. · ... · . .. . .. , · : . · . . · · · · Low.Ri~.k to.'Higt, Ris~: fFirs(a.id !re~)m·ent ·2. ·. ·51-99·Wotkers :· . . · ·· . . . .
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Medium to High Risk, ARTICLE 164: ·wHEN EMERGENCY· HOSPITAL a. Additional . j First aid treatment· room for OR DENTAL CLIN-IC NOT REQUIRED · every ~o workers .or a fraction thereof 1. The~'e is a hospital or dental clinic Within ,five (5) .Ji[-·. . b: 2 Beds clinics kilometers from the workplace if situated in any, '\'§. · 4 .. 200~250Workers urban area or· is accessible by motor vehicle Low Risk:' . within 25,minute travel, if sttuated in a rural area; a.. Additional 1 First aid· .treatrnent. room· for -·_2. The employer makes for the reservation therein . every 100 workers, or a fraction thereot . . of the-necessary beds and dental facilities for the b. 2 Beds clinics · · - ..' . use -ot his employees: and .. . _Me-dium·to High.Risk:· . . . 3, The employer.must provide for _the transport of ;'f: . . . Adc;lttional 1 · First. ald treatment room. for the worker to the. hospital or clinic in case of . !h . ·ever.y 50 workers or a·fr~cW~n thereof emerqency .(/RR .ot the Labor Code, Book iv, . )}.... b~:., 2 Bl:!9S:clinics. .. · · . .· Rule I; Sec. 5; b.o. No. 198 Seriesof2018; Sec: -}} · 5 ... 251-500 Workers . · 15). · · · ·· · · Risk:·. . ... ·.,. -, . . ... · Note_:'-;The employer shall enter into ·:a· written ;~, a.. · Additional'. 1 Fir_e~ aid,.'.~e~tmeht roorri for . contract w.lth the hospital or dental ·cJil'lic for the use ..,.. , · · ·: every- 100 workers or afractionthereof thereof in'. the -treatrnent 'of workers· in case of .. -b, · 2 Beds clinic.-· · emergency (/RR b_(theLabor Code, Bobk'IV,__ Rule I, : Medium to High. Risk:: . Sec. 5). · . . · .. a. · A,dditiorial-. 1. First aid treatment · (oom for: /:i . . . / · · . _every 5o'wor~~rs ~r atractlon mereof- ,r,~/ _>:'.\~ C.1:-fAPTER ·11: OCC.UP:ATIONAL -·HEALTH -AND . b.,_-,~,Be9si;:JinlyS , :. · .... ··.· ." 1-.'.,'f/,,i'.~\ S'A.FcfY·. . . · .' . . 6. ·: 50:f -7~0 ~orkers· . -. . . . . C't,=\-~:'·'/;.j The. el"flplo'y~r- is. required · t~ observ~ · i;afety f. Low Risk~ · · . · .. · . · · .... .. 'I} ,_..~,,.;L;st!3~~r~s.~;1.d-pr~v1de sa.fety_dev1ces._On the part of . a_. ... Additional.·. 1 · First_ ai~ .· trea1f1ent r9,9~-t:fol.[--;._1i~~;.tffe' ~~~19,·Y,~~?1 ~roper U$e of these safeguards and every_ 100 workers 9.r ~ Jra_ction~t!,'l~~~of :. : 1~ tl~v1cEls":1s<-r~~1red (IR~ of La/;)or Code,. Book IV, b._ Addiftionat_l1.1Bhee? c1i1·_niFcu_fo11r1_eve_~!5'.{f>Jl.w~rk~$\:JJ.. Rufe II, Secfn)t\ · i. .. or a rac l(?n reo 1 • 1m )l>f' . . ..J,'"' ~ ~ r, 1 ·i Mediurn to High Risk: .... ~9" J/~;.;;;tf. . tt-~ · ·• · )/ -U . \\ a.· Additional 1. F.ir.st·,aid·_~t'meri~r~~m fo~ if .. ~\ · .. · every 50 '{\'Ofl<e'rs or·a/fl;ac:;tio~J~f.90f . _' ·' !Ii,'k . · ·!! \ . • ;· . _b. Additional 1' Be~l'clinit~fpfev.ezy;,~lg~ y~o°ttli(... ~tt::1-.·,~; f· . . df ;:i fraction thereof, Fu11{~e~'}:.). tr-'.11· · · ·~/ · · ·",!/.!.:~ ../,Jo.,,. . · Ii 7. _751 ..~1.~00 Wo,r.ke_rs . .. , ,•J.t::5/.\,\. )1 .. f.1f! . . · . Low Risk·.. · · I.\·I' .· ' v~ · · ·f._: · " ·' . . . . • : . • ', ; .-.. • . ~,I . ¥ _.. ·: · i '1r,,--,. . ~. , :a. Add1t1011al .1~ F,1rsL··a1d treatm~t-.r.oom· .,or _j.~i;' r-''~i'f!'!':'•;._••. (: . · .. .e~ery 100 W!)rkers or a fra~tiof,'tne~eqJ(bt.:". - l.,~LL-!11!L,;.f.!.:.':)· b_:. Additional 1, -B~cf clinic for.eve,r.y;_2§0~otRer . · ,.. .. · t_:,·'. :or a_ fraction. ,therf;?of, Full tfme _ . .,.Jl~.t · f c. 1- ~ed hospital. . . . · . .- ... f . . : . Medium to High Bisk:·.. . ·.. . . ·... -- . ~: ·. ' a'.:· Additional .1 FlrsLaid ··freatri:ient' roorri for t ·. . , :_ . . : every·$0 woi-kers''oi: a)r;:iction.'thereof . . . !<'. b. Adciifional·i.Bed,_cli,:ii~ .ev~ry 100 work~r ·9r: a fractioi::i thereo(FL!ll tim~ · · .: .· . ·.... ,.. .. c. . 1 Bed ho:;ipltal · ~·· . .· . -~8. .1001~2000 . -workers ,. . J:ow Ri~~~ · . ·. . .:. - · .. . . t · ... a, · Additional 1 'First. aid ··treatm~nt room -for· · . . . ~every· 100 \,.;6rkers or a ·fr.action thereof . ·.. · r·,. b., ·. Additional 1- se·d clinic for every 250 worKer . ·or a fradion therebf;·Fu!(--time c·. · 1 Bed hospiial. ·. . · ·., .· ·. . Medium:-f9, High Risk:. · · . a. -Additional· t First ·aid tre.Gtment. room· for . :, . ·. ev£Jry ~o.worker~ or.it fr'ac~on thereof . . . bt Adoitional·1 Bed clinic-for eve.ry 1'00wo.rker. or -a·fraction thereo.f; Full 1ime · · c. ·. 1 Bed hospit~l °(D.O. No. 19.B Serjes of 201 a; t>r. .
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ARTICLE 2~ 8: DE;C.LARATION
OF. POL.ICY
It is the policy of the State: . . . . L.-...... 1. To promote'and. emphasize the primacy of free cotlectlve bargaining and neqotiationa, inchJding T°ri:LE I: POLleY.ANO DEFINITIONS·.· .voluntaryarojiranon,mediation and-conclliatlon, . as. modes of settlinq labor or industrial disputes: Labor.. Relations . is the 'lnteractlons l;>etwe.en 2 .. To promote . free trade . unionism as' an employer .and employees or. their. repre~er)t_atives . instrument. for tl:)e enhancement of 'democracy and .the mechanism by which the -standards and and the promotion _."of . social "justice . ·and other .terms ·_arid .conditions·-.of_, employment _are development; . . . •' neqotlated,' adjusted· and enforced '. (AZUCE=NA, 3. To foster the free· and voluntary .6~g·anizationof .V,o/s. lJ-A.a.nd lfB, The Labor Code with comments . a strong· and united labor movement;'° . . . . ·. _an'r;JCases, (20f6),p: 10)1hereif)B_fter-2'AZUCENA]. 4. .re promote _-the -~nlightenrnen~ of. workers· ·. concerrunq their· rights and, obllqatlons as u ni9f) iLab~r. Relatfo_ns Lavvs define·the..status, :.rights,- and members and. 'as employees: . ~ duties and the institutional mechanisms that govern s. To. -provide,' an· ' adeq uate ·. · administrative th:e in'd_iVidual. and .. collective -lnteractions _of machinery for the expeditious settlement of employers, 'emplovees or their representatives (1.• labor or industrial disputes; . .. AZUCENA, supn(aUJ). · ·. . · . · ·. _,::..,.s---=~·---·"'Ai.~.To e.n~ure. a stable· but :dy~a,:n-ic a~a just · · · · ·· · . · -j:~ .. T 1\ _l1'ra4.stnal peace; and · · ,. . .· · . . ·N,Qte:.A~s~nt an en:tP.loyer-empJoy~eSilat on~hip, fl.:, JT9"ej\'s.!{{e the participation o~ ·workers. inthere 1~ no labor relation t~ spe~k ?J-;Afctb1~,r.er·1&.J.l~-""'-='=~ q~ci~idn,,ab;clpolicy-making.processes affe~tmg :em~loyer-;em~loyee . !elat1onsh11?.,;:~.P~~_!b~H'je.. · ----s'fh~i_rilrJghts~~~~es and. welfare. rLABOR CODE_, part1.e~, there rs '"!~ ~as1s_for.-0rgc!p1z~€J·fo~p_urp_9~~-=-~-~.rf~(~(), · \, : ' · . of collective bargaining (2 AZLJ_fz...l:j,~"},vPr8faf'19k ~"-";"\W" · ~~'· ·· · ..f '~yj. · . c jf' 1\.\ ,.P.arties- o Labq'r Relations Cases: ·. Labor Retattons. rjlay be di~jinguis,pd frim Labpr · .---~~- 1. Emp oyee-r~·c5r/~li1¥,auon;,. . .· ·· .. Standards in that the·i~t~er }st-tn~t ~art qf_1abo_J::law · r,ani=lgeme~~-~ · ·. .. . 11 which prescribes th~ ·m1rnm~~s~n~op.n,d1ti~~s..r ~il'J:;fhepublic. :l=i!wa¥s\to .be-considered in ~ispute qf ~rnpl~ym_ent _which the ~mpl.9~tr is re
LABOR REJ.4..TIONS
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'E~tUTivE COMMlTIE:E .•; S(jDJECTe°OMMITIEE . MEMBERS . .. ADVISERS; ..... Y. .. . • MARY.~YRffiLL q. Sl/MANQUI KRISTINA . D .. CABUGAO · JOHN BENEDICT M, RIVERA, . ATTY\._)OY\UCJ-i ··. M. Ov.ir-all · Chairperson, ·'·ERICA" Subject i;h{!ir, VIGTOR.KENN.E!t ~»!EN_-~ D. BIASCA, .. GOLANGC0, Atty .. MARLON J. · MAE C. VISTA Cha1rpe_rSonfor., -~- GAµ\N9" Assistant Subject·. CliRIS'IlAN MARIE LYNN· P. MANUEL and·'.ATIY. PETER.Academics; BEN ~I E. ·_.. Chair, MISHAIµ. R. OCCIANO. ·ro.us, JOANNA PATRICIA ·R.., JO~Y:B_, (!SITA BARBE~O Chairperspnf()r Hotel ·Suoject :, Electronic J?ata_ .. ~/\DWI), .STERHANIE. NICOLE.: · Oporatio11s,JHELSEA.LOUIS_E:B. ·.Proce.ssing, NATHANAEL A. ~M. ILACAD, and _ANN· .MARY . :· DIMA(\NO Vice.(;:hairJlerson"fpr · QUU,ANO Labor $tandards, BEA . MICHELLE B, RUALO· .. . . · .... . Secretariat EARL JUSTIN ·M. PATRICIA G, DA.NGAZO Labor .. Y.6o.MBAO' Vice 'cliafrperson for Relations, ., and ]UZMEND· ··: ... Operations, MA. ANGEl,ICA B.. F.RANCEZ · ·THERESE M, DE LEON. Vice Chairperson for · ABRlAMJurisdiction and·Spccial Fina;,ce,. , ARRA OlAf.'.\YA- J. Laws . . BAPANGAN Vice Chpirperson. fo~:~iidit,"]ORDAN·N. CHAVEZ Vice Chairperi-Onfor EDP, HANZ. DARRYL' D.TIU . Vice Chairperso~ for Logistics, cinJ. · . DOHN ~D E.. AQUILIZAN Vice Chairperson.for Membership_
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The constitutional policy to provide·full protection to labor is not meant to be a sword to oppress employers (DOEHLE-PhilmanManning Agency Inc. v. Haro, GR No. 206522, April 18, 2016).
Note: The mere facl that an entity is· a labor union 'docs not mean that. it cannot be considered ·an employer of the persons who work for it (Bautista v lncionq, G.R. No. :_-5282~'., March 16, 1988).
Article- 218 of the labor Code provides .for the primacy _of negotiation· includi_ng conciliatton, mediation and voluntary arbitration <'IS· "alternative . modes of settlement of_labor dispute." instead-of the more adversarial strikes; lockouts or · any mass -ccncertedactlons (L,4BOR CODE, Art. 218). ·
The· Jaw does not require an employer to· be registered befor.e he may come· within the purview of the Labor Code, consistentwith the established rule in statutoryconstructlon that when the law does not · .distinguish, ... we should not distlngu!sh · (Orlando ·Farms Growers Asso-::iation· v. NLRC, G.R. No. 12907f3, November25, 1998). .,
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Arbit~atiori 'is the subrrilsslon of dispute. to an lmpartiat person for determlnation on the .basts ·of -··· evidence and arqurnentsof the parties. The arbiter's decision or award ts . enforceable upon the disputants. This may be. elther . 'be voluntary or · compulsory. (2 AZUCENA. supra at 24).
E~ployee iriclod·~s: (DiC E) ·' :- · · .1. One who: has been Dismissed from work, but-the Jegality of the ..dismissal is being contested ln a torum of .approprlate Jurisdiction (IRR ·of the LABOR CODE, Book V, Rule. -l, Sec.. 1(r), as. amended by D. 0. No. 40-03}. -------.......---. .•.. ,71 2. Any individual whose work ·has Ceased as· a .. , .. result of or in connection wi:h anycurrent labor )YEE-EMPLOYER ;,'.:_::f'::;,,:'f_-.:,:.',:~, dispute or because of any uniair labor practice if n..ATIONSHIP · " .he has not obtained any other substantially ·i· . ~ ~.~~ "'!=Jquiva1~m and regular employment (LABOR ------------.,- r: ,-.,.-- ... lt:r~[?f{.i~f.l.~-19 (f)); and . . ARTICLE 219: DEFINITIONS .., .• i;, , '3, Any persgr rn the !;mploy ct-an employer. The· Employer: is any person, natural..for juridical,.;\ term sh~Wr,iot be limited to the employees of a domestic or foreign, who carries on in tfr~·P..f.\ilippinei' · particuJa{~mployerunless the Codeso explicitly any trade, business. industry, und~f!§!kiiig'-,~f.ia'ctivity states,;!(Lf,B'f{R CODE, Art. 219 (f)). . . · 1, of any kind and uses the servig.e:3-:qf a.noth,er·f>erson~. ,:::-', f! Ii l · ·. . who is under his order as re1af:q,~ !~:J.!:fl_RIOYip_ent ': ~,1,.,.1. Types:df cmploy_e'~sunder the labor Code except the Government antt;~ant ·of ,its· ;poht1t!'l! t~;·J, 1. fvf~nagerarf'-:::--:-··.':;;• · .. -~ubdivisions,·. br~!)Ch':lS or~.. ,,..i~~~'f~);ltal_itle~;I 2. Sup~wi~_eey.;.:arlti . . . . ·· .. 1ncludlng c.o·porat,ons owned or 'q_obttollei;!~·bY tl),e fl 3. Ranl<-and-file_(LA.BOR CODE, Art. 2·19 (ro)); .. Government: Providec;I,. That .a ·S.~elf-er:nploved_ i/\-~~,· .· ,. . . , .. : .. '. person' shall be bc,th employee and emplQfer'at the ... }·• -~·· ,~'ana·gerial .Employe~ is· one who is vested with s£ime time (R.A. No. '8282, Sec B(c)). ~j/. ·,,,:-r::1°,·;;,._;,:1,!.,._powers
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LAB.OR.RELATION_s·· -SAN BED~LAW CENTRALIZED BAR·QPERATl(!NS - MEMORY,AID·2_oi~ ~!l!)1~\Th~..m&IIIZP4ih1fli!'fbl 4#40 IA A iji P IINiilblPM .
. Control Te~t . .· Refers tothe employer's power or right to controlthe employee not only as. to the result of the work -.to be- ,. · .done but also as, to the means _· and. methods -bY·.. which the .same Is- to be accomplished (Sohza. v .: ABS-CBN· Brocrdcasting Jun~.10, 2Q04). ·..
Corp., G.R: No. 1.38051, . · _. ·_. ···· ... · ·
The control t~st merely calls for the existence ctthe right to controtmernanner ot doing the work, not the... actual exercise of tlie ri_ght (Manila Water Company, Inc. Ii,. Dal um pines, G. R. 'No: .: 11.5501., October: 1,
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. E;vldence·of EmpJoyment · : ·. · No particular form· of.evide1nce is required to prove the existence of·Er·Ee relationship. Any competent -and relevant evidence to prove the relationship may be __admitted (1 AZµCENA; supra at 1.95). . ' . . A claimant's altegation ·ot Er-Ee .relationshlp.whlch- · the· employer does not neny is admitted '(td.). :. . ~ .. . . . . . . ..
Absence'.ofName.fr1 the Payroll Where the. Er-Ee .relationship between -tha-parties . was sufficientlyproved bytestlmonlal-evldence, the absence of time -sheet, time· record, 01· payroll has· 2010). · · · ·· · · ' · become· inconsequential (.Opulencia lee' P/ant. v. · ' ·. NLRC;·G~R. No. L-9838BJ··oec8inb·er·1'5,-!1993)." . ·Not~.: Th!i issuance by.Jhe' principal of guidelines·· : . . · . . . · . . · does not' establish control 6y p_rinc.ipal: (coce-cote - : . · .Note: . The .. presence" or. ab~enc~- 'of ·.: Er-_Ee· Bottlers-PHL; Inc.. v,' Climaco, G.R .. No. ·146881,". · relationship- is· not determined by· the basis of February 5,.·Z007). · .._ . ·. . : employee's .cornpensatlori (,1 A-Zl/CENA,· supre. at ·
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- Nof every form , of _-control wiil ha_ve- tlJe)~~cf.,o'f-,.· -I . '\-~~"'!..:.__~·- . . . : . . . ·... _· . · .· · : . establishing the "Er-Ee .relationshlp, Th~h!?e :~~ul_d fa.~r:1s9tct~1,.og: . · . . . ,. be-drawn between. : ·. . . . J:· ~· .~"----, ....,,...J.t...~,Gpnij;)IW~''lsbrought before the DOLE· to give 1, Rules· ·that merely serve. as g·~~!int!ij19~ . . effectm_~fie l~b9.r"\~tahdar<;ls provisions of the Labor · the· achievement of mutu~fr'y __~t_wtf (~s1:J\tS"'::--~'l;~--6.~d~r'~th~lab2!~l_~gislation,and there is _a ,findi!lgwithout dicfating the mear.is,:'or,~~1ho~f to ~ 4r. -~?' the"'£dL~.0.tH~.~lt")ere is ao ·e?Cisting employeremployed. in attaining itf'(Th~~}f' aim~· ~nly- tQ · ~ iJ'tnploy~f f~!~tio~si\P, the . D9L~- exE!rci~es .pron:iote ~he·. ~~s-ult. In /,suc_h. iase.- , 0 Er-!=e -a~,)ur~~n ..to -t,e(_:ffigu~ionof_the·NLRC. . . . reJ~t1onsh1p exist~); _and,f ~,. . . .. f .__:.;,-.. lll!r _ . ; i -. ·. \1 '"'~ 1~. ·: ' • • . 2, ~ules _th_at-:~ontrol or fif~ffi~e~pdo,logyc~~a_;r; ~l,~.1f~e ~9-L:.E·_ Jfnds ::¥iiat .t~e"r~-- !s. no,. en;i~loxer-. . . · , bmd or restnct th~ pa_rlYJlh1.~1:;.d-ltJ.the l!S~ of_ s,liP,!l~IllZZ?{~plpy.~erelat1~1ish1_~· -~the Jun~d1ctiori .Js properly: m~an·s ·(These addr~,ss~~H:14~1er~t·~nd tn:e::~~~ ~~~-·-~·e l~~~accorgsa-prer~atiy~Jf'."aclaim for reinstatement, .. the . 1. The putative. empl~yer's pPwehto-
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Ex.lstehqe_of Ernployer-_Empl~¥ee..Reiatlons.hip .. Existence- of ·employer-employee·· relationship :is. ·determined ~y law, not by." contract.Hence,. eve·n if· th·e.parties. call their .contract a '!~on\ra'ct of J..:ease of. · . · ·Service'',"· the factua·1 · existence ·:Qf.· ·an. Er-Ee · relE1lionship ~ill still p"revail (1 AZVCEf.-!A, supra at 198; Pagt.iio· v. :NLRC, .G.R. · :2003)." :
No.
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86. I 2019 SAN. $EDA LA\11/.Q:N!RALIZED. BA8 OP.ERATIONS
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j_e~p'~ey'_~rivers.on ~~und,ar{ba~is (Vfiiam,arl~ . . II'. CA; "G,R. No·. 165881, Apr_il 19, 2006); . · ~- .Drivers or helpers."o(~alesmen are employees·of ... · the:cor:npar;i_y(Alhambra ln_di!stfi~s·v. _'cl~, -G-.R.
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Workers Union v. i..agiJ~sma, GR." No. 113542,. Febiuary24, -,1998); _ Si W_orke.rs. in movie. projects (Maraguinot end . . Enero v. NlRC; ~.R .'No. 120969; January 22, f!t·· ·: · ·.. 1998);·. · ·.. · . . · '~ · 6 ... · Salaried lnsl.)rance·a.gents'.a~·distin'ti"u_ished from ' · registered agents ·on,. cornrnlsslon bests (Great PacificLife.Assurance Corp. v. Judtco.: .GR. No. . /J~87,:b.e8_emb.er2"1, ·19~9); . .· · ·
(Felix v. Buensada, G.R.. 17, "1995).
No, 109704; January.
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NQte: A contractof perpetual employment deprives manaqernent ·of Its prerogativeto decide· whom 'to hire;" fire and promote, and renders lnutile' the. basic . precepts of labor relatlons. .. An·· absolute and , unqualified employment tor life .equat to· per.petual 7. Tailors, · ..seamstresses.. servers, .. basters, ·employment is 'contrary .to publlc.pollcy' and gocid plantsadoras paid .. on· plece-rate basis. (Makati. · customs, as "i_t unjustly. fQrbids. the employer from Heberdeshery'v. wti?c; ·G.R; ·Nos: 83380-83, . terminatlnqthe servlcesof an ernployse.desplte the November ·15, 1989); · . . . . . · . . · · ·. ' . . · existence of a just or valld cause. It likewise. compels in-house ·. lawyer 'as .. distinguished fro.m· al') . _. .the employer to "retain sin -employee ·despite the outsic;!e.·retainer:{Hyq,:o Resources·Contractors attainment of. the statutoryretlrementaqe; even· if theGorp. \I. P~galilaJ1an~ ·,G.R,; Ns>;-62·909';'Aj:,ril18, · ·· employee has. become n9n.:p~·rfoi"min·g·asset" or,: 1989)· . · · · ._. wars~,· a lia~lllty 'to the 'ernplcyer (Sorrea«v, · 9 .. Resid~nt"physlciaris· (/RR of-'the °LABOR CODE." ·cambridge· .Electronics_ Corp., G.R. No. · 172927, · -. Bpok Ill, Rule:-X. 9ec. 15);. . ·. ,. . . ,r?) February 11, 2010). . ... · 1·0:. U.r~ivers1t~: p_rcjf~:3s.ors · and lns_tn;icto~ Ea'stem (!Jn,vf]rs1ty v. CIR, G.R. N<J.·. L-17620,ct/-'·-:-·•, Importance _ of. Determining . Ex,stenc~ of At.ig_qs($1._f962); .· · ... :,.·: : ... ·· . ··. E~ployer-EmploY_ee ~elatio.riship.. .. 11, T~xr .an~e~;. -~nd_ .b1:ir.bE1r (C1fizens League.; 9~', ~- ;;;t,-~1r.r;i~rally, l!;!Q,or standards and cor'ldit1_01:1s appl}:' onl_y Fte.e ~~rkers · v. A!_Jba::;, G.R. ':"O:. l::-;l/fZ1?.t(J·r·r:· ;_~J...'1.~~~!.i~f relati?riship .. Howeve_r. i_n.. some Septemqer-23, 1966);· · · · : ·. ,«,/ ·. · .. : ll")Stancesfev.e.n 1f th~re 1s no Er-Ee ~elat19nsh1p, the 12: _.Securio/ ~th· r_espe_ct. t9~j.ti_e. se<;:~rityii ...:.i_ Lab.or : Codtfff~_ay .. still ·be oinyoked; :e.g. _indirect · _agf3n.cy1(~gro·Commerc1alServ1cf)'s,~JJ.fi~cy, l'?.g::,,..,-:-t. -employ~.r'.s}1"!~!l!!Y· 111.egal F~_cn,utmel)t and m1~use.~f V, f'ILRC1 G_:~.·No. 82_823~24,J,,,0.$J31/:t~f#l];. . . ~.I ~OEA hc~f!S~ (.1lZU.CENA, supraat 33). ' · 13 .. Paki.E!
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FOUR: LAE\OR ORGANtZAT"IONS . . . . . ~. . ...
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. CAN~ELLATION . · .. , Labor Organization is any .union· or association· of employees· which exl~ts .11'.l whole or in par:t .tor t.he P.Urpos·e · of· collective' bargaining-. With employe_rs · concerning terms ~nd conditions of employment
(LABOR CODE,Art. 219 (g)).
· 20l~ SAN a.EDA 1,.AW.CENTRAllZED-BAR_OPERATI.ONS
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Unlon is any labor organization in the private ·sector orgahized for collective· bargaining and for olher le~itimate purposes (Jf?R of ·.the· LABOR ·cbbE, . -Book V, Rule· 1, Sec 1 (zz), as amended by D. O.' No. · 40-03).· ·. . . .· · .. ·. .: '· ·
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It. exists in· whole or.. i_r:i It . IS . ·organ,izeci.. for the part forthe purpose of mutual aid and protection collective bargainin!;J or .of its members pr for any of · dealjng_ . with legitituate purpose other empl_oyers'. concerning· than :coll~ctive bargaining terms and condltlons of {/RR 'ot. the · LABOR employment (LABOR, GODE,: Bo.0k: V, Rule 1,. CODE, Art. 219.(g)). · . Sec .. 1,_ par.. -ccc, as . ·amehde.d.b_y.ffO: 40-03) .
. L~gitimate Labor O.tganization (LLO) isany labor· organization which is ouly regis~ered with. DOLE. . . . The t~rrri _incl.ude~ a local/chapter directly chartered . . by a legitimate. federation or national union: which· . has been dui~ reported to the Department . in ·· . accordance with-Section 2, Rule Book .v of the 1mplementin~rRules (LABOR·.CODE, Ari. 2fa(h)). · ... ·.
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. N.oi~:·.Not.eve~ leg itima~~ labo~ orga~iiat~~ c~~ .ac~ .. : Cla~sifi~atl~n. of Lab~r .Org~nlzatl~ns:. (NIT AC) . ,as .bargafning representative and be ·certified as .1, · .~ationa1.· Unjoli/Federation . ·_. any· labor such. This: lstrue.only' of a un10·11 that has won ii') · · ~ .·. organization with .at. )east. 1q locals/chapters 'certitlcation election· or· has ·. been voluntarily each o( ·.which rnust be 'a 'duly certified or recognized by° the:'eniployer (2 AZUCENA, supra aL.,-=:~ receqnized collective, barg<:3ining_ agent. . · 179). . . · · .. : . . · .. · ,· · . · · · · ;,.,~- l .. Uni~rr. -:-_ gr6!JP .of. !~gJlima~e labor 1 -~~til.~s~ry. · . ·. ·. · · ol;la·.Q'~~t1ons wlthin an· identified · rndustry, 11 l,i:i~7p~ndent ·l,Jnion· is aAy· lab9f ~orgap)z.a].p.!l~~~ .~gawiz1~~!. r coll~ctiV~ bargaining or for dealing opet~tm~ ~t- th~ _ent~rprise l~~·.r,.wftp~~;::;>legal·. . ~~~1:1'.lp~~ e~s c?n?en;ii~g t~r:ms a.nd conditions·· · pers,o.n~hty 1~ derr~ed through a~rncie~~jljerit~.cti0r.F~""~~e:t1H'~~01 ~t:~1th1n ar:r 1d~nt.1fied_ mqustry or for ·tor reg1s!rat1on _with- tne BL~/>g;g,Qse, prpscribE:JS, . ·-". W- ·.p~~c1~nW.f.ft.l ~~e ·_form~lat1on. of social and. u~der Art. 240 of the ~abor c_gae. lt.:r;n,~y be\9ffiliate'.a' : g~ ~rnpJoYl:1~!1fpohoW~·st~nd~rds; and .programs w1t~-~-feder.atlon, national orJ11~ustryfunfonx-inwhich !' rn ~ue,h 1na~~tf11:~~1ster.ed_with. DOLE.: · case rt lllay also be refer.rf,d tp-;'
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. Legfti;,,a~~ Wo~k~r·~.Association:.s a~ asso~i~t;~~- · · ·. · . :_:fhe )..:abor Code' ar1{1ts implerri'f:riiiri~··r~les do ·n.ot. of Workers orga,njze·d for.. mu.tu.a(ale;! ~nd protectjon· . require t.~a~ the nl,JJ.11ber· ~f ryiember.~ appearing.on·
ofits.me_mb~ts .Or'for anyJegitimate purpose__Q.ther · than .collective bargairiing regist~r.edw.ith the· DOLE · (!RR of tbe LABOR COD{=, B9qk Rt.ile ..1~ Sec 1 {ff} •. ·' .as amended-by.D.Q. Nd. 40•0.~l: . ,:
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. the. documents ·in qu~stion" should ct>mpleteiy . · dovetaiL . F9r· as· long : as . ihe. documents and . . . signatures are st,,own to be g~nuine and regular and ... the constitution and. b)l~laws. d.emoc(atlcal]y ratified, t_he.. uni?n is. 'deem~o-, ha~e ·. comP.JiesJ .. With. rer;i!strat1on ... requir~ments ' (The Heritage: Hotel .Mari/If! 11. Pinag:i;an9 ·Gating. a( Lakas mga Manggaga.wa··sa·Heritage Manf!a,.'G.R, No. · 177024 . Oc.fob~r 30, ?009); . . .. . '
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. . .Note: Article..240 of the. Labor Co~femakes specjflc reference to the following organizations (not merely to any organization) \vhich may reqister as labor organ)zation, to ~it.; (NalFIT) '. · 1.. National Union: 2. !ndepeEJdent Union; 3. federation;· ·· · 4. !ndustry U.nion:-and . . 5. Irade Union Center (LABOR CODE, Art. 240).
'FOR ARtlCLE· . 240:-'· REQUIR!=MENTS · REGISTRATION c~_ncept.pf Reg tstratlonc . . . . .. .. • It is the fact .pf being (egistered witl:l the DOLE that . makes ..a· labor organization. legitimat~:fri ·the s.ense . that it i~· clothed with.···legal personality'. to.. claim . . rep.resentatiooi:i(and. bargai~ing rights enumerated . in Art. 250 or.to strike or picket under Art: 27'.8 (~ AZI./CENA,·supra· a! ·185).. · · · ·
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Bl:.R ·or the Regional .Offices - applications for registration of. federations, national unions or workers' assoclattons operating in more than one. It shall 'be processed by ihe · BLR (2 AZUCENA\·supraat 187).:
Note: A labor organization may be orpanlzed under the . Corporation Code as a . non-stock corporation . and. issued a certlficate of incorporatlon.by the SEG. But such -incorporatlon 'has only .the effect of giving to . it juridical personality before regular courts" of justice: Such incorporation does not grant the right ... and privileges of a legitimate labor organization (PH Land-Sea-AirLabor Union·Inc. v. CJR,G.R. Nos. L~· 5664 & L-5698, September 17, 1953). . .
Mandamus;nof Certiorari, is the proper remedy . The proper remedy-aqalnst refusal to register a i°abor orqanlzatlon which complies with all the . •· ·. • • ...-:r?. -requlrernents is mandamus · and · not certiorari: The requirement of .registration. is not a curtailmen,(1,:•} Certiorari . Is . not'- the proper remedy since the. · of th_e right.to assoclation .. it i$- merely a corid!fi(?ri(/, :J~} approval 'of applicatlon .for reqistration is not a -sine _q_ua ·non for the acquisition of legaLpe~on~jlf¥:,,~ ho~ judicial function (U.E:· Automotive Emptoyees end · (PH Assoc. otLebor Unions v.. Seccof Lebo« -G ~r,·,,···,i!_. ..'ri(Qrkers Uf}ion.trade Unions.of the PHL and A/lif!d No: ·L-222213,: February 27, 1969). . . . ,,:;/t·.,L~,·,y:~1~!_;..$~1:liq.ef:,-41..~N_fJriel; G.R. No. L-443Q0, November 25, ·. ·. . • ...... . ·. . . , . • . ..•• ·.. .;»: I" · .I,_:/ I){. 1976.tl--.,._.u,'.:,.t . . ,. /"':.,/"· It 'J• f· . The requirement of'registratlon i~ a·.valigi,e".x.ercis·eqf!l.~.:fj . · · .. /~\\ p9l_i.~e. power. siri~e .. t~e · acti~iti~s · i~F~9(~h ~b.gJ>:··1\ · Ministeri_aJt 'fluty of the BLR Compellable , by · orgc1r:nz<:1ti.9.ns_,asSQCli;li10!'1s,.or1Jn1o~s;.9t>,,,f?~:e1,s_are i'.:l Mand~"'.1~$._fa. \\ . : ·. . , . . engaged aff~ct pub.lie. :mte_rest;,-:,Wl'\1ch '.s,p.0eld. I?~ !;J\ The mm1s.tenfil du~ mvolves·oAly the review of t_he protected (Pf! .tlS$Of, .o( S.ec. or"\-. r~1·_, appl)~\iP!')~~jr~9l,.tr!.!i?n _a,nd not the issuance o~ a Labor; G.R. ·rqo. 'L-22228, FefJruary::2-7..;;-1])69).. i~~),. f-:~i< _Cert1flr.".'.'!fe'.;,."OF~~mstrat1on . "(Vassar · Jodustnes · °'',;!! · ~I · ''I !-,, ;.......-r..,u, ·o•·,·1•;":'A.:,r · .. · · . . · · · .· . ~ · ~):~, :~ .f~.' 1 · · I';'; Emp/oy_eeSJ!..~l'l'~v. Hon.:· Estrella, G.R, No. L-. Requi~em.e_n~ for the.l:>suance·ot{lEjil:Ci~~ifl~t'. ,1~( 4q562, -March·3~, 1978) ·· . · ..: . of_ Re_gis_tration·of L_abor Q~gan(zatj~-~s:'(F.~1-~4) . 1. Fifty P,eSOS (~5o.oq) reg1str.at~9n ~1:{:'t-~:;}~~S?r-org~n1zat1on h'ad.filed_ the necessary 2. N,am~s of its_ officers•• their· aq#r~sse~;~e::.:...!.-~paper-s.:.cil'IS"documents for. reg1strat1on. it ·becomes · principal address· of the. labor orga,;i1z.ati6h~the · mandatory tor ·the BLR to check if the requireme.nts· rr1inutes -9fthe.'br~.~ni~a~onal·meetiA"!fs;~!l.dthe· 'und!3f Art. 240· h~ve been sedulously compliep with, . Ii.st ·of t!le:workers wM· p~rtipipatl;l_d."'.1n such ·.. ·tf its. appJicatiorr. ·tor registration ·is vitiated .by ,meetings; ·. ·. ·. . . :• . : ·.. · ..... · .. . . falsification· and serious irregularities,. especially . 3. in ca~e- th~ applicarit ,s· an !nd_epen:~e~_t..,un1pn, _ . . ttiuse ·appearing on .the iace of the apJJlicaUo_n anct·. ·.' t_he naities· pf all its members _c;omprising_at-lea~t · . the. supporting documents,· a ·lab.or· organization · 20'% 6( all the -emplqyees ·in the barga!riing· unit · stiou1c;1 ·;be :den_ied ·reco{inition ·as a. legitimate labor ·. · where it seel5s to oper~te; ·. . - ...... · · ,. . organization · · (Progressive. · . Devel9pment . 4. If fhe. appli.cant.:union. has b.een k1 _sx!stence for. . . Coiporation~Pizza· Hut v:: Laguesma, . G.R .. No. . ime (.1) · br. Ill ore · yeiirs·; ·bopfr~$.. 6.f. ifs _''annual · . 115077_; April 18, 1997): · . .. . . . frnandal r.~ports; an<;i · . ·· · .: . . · · ~5.". Four (,1) cqpie~ 9.f ~e c9nstitution ·and:by-laws ARTICLE.~4.1:, CHARTERING,AND CREATION .. · ·of the applicant union:.minutes. oflts'adppt!on·or ·oi= LOCAL.CHAPTER · . . . . t. . · . ratification,.": and· •ttie list. the mertibers··.who Gen·e·ral R"ule: It is thEffact of beJng register!;l9 with. : ,.. : ·particip_a,ed·in·. \t (LABOR .C_ _DDE,.Art., 240). . : , . the DOLE.that makes a· labor organization legitimate r· in.the sense that it is.clothed with.legal·p·ersonalityto: . Whe~e· a~pllcation-for"regiS.trat.io~-·, · · · .: .·. · claim the:· r'e.presentatio'nal· ang ~rgaining rights :1.: ·Reglom,11 . office·. -·where tile··. appll~ant .enumerated under the labor Code (2' AZUCENA, •· .. ·p,rln<;lp~lly · .operates ., .. for ·registration: of. supra at 187). · ·-··· independent- labor unions,· charter~d lo9c1ls, or ·.worker.'s a~socia.tions. It shall.be. processed by (.'· ' ·tne· .Labor Relations Division at the Regiorial·. Office.
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ln~ependent Registration·v. C_hartering
Exception:-
Tentative legal .. Persqnality to File 'Petltlon for Cer:tification-Election (PCE·) . A duly registered. federation or national union may . · . directly -create a local Chapter by. -issuing a charter · certific.ale indicating)he establishment of the . focal · · chapter. .The. chapter-shall acquire legal persorjality · · only. for purposes · of. filin_g a . petition for certification election from the date it was-issued-a , charter . certiflcate (LABOR· CODE, Art: Z41; 2 . AZUCENA, supra at 191) .."· . . . ;. . .
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Ob-tained by union organizers · in · an ·enterprise throt,igh · their own accord:
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A 'trade ·1,mion. center cannot create chapter. (San "Miguel Corp. Emplc:>J('?es· -Union-PH Trensporiend · . General Workers Oigcmization v. · San _Miguel Packaging .. · Products· ·... · employees . . UnionP.1:in:ibansanfj(biwi3. ng. Ma.nggagawang Pllipino, <;3.R /iJo. 17115:3, September:12, 2007). ·
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· · , (:July :re·gistered federationlnational unioh: ·1. , - ·issues a Charterto a ·union.in a"r:1 enterprise·; and . 2. . . .Registers . · the . charter with the regional" · office "cir t_he .BLR:· · · A
. ·legai With:",l_egal pe.rso~ality_" but.
. · - loses it once it disaffiliates. with~ ~~e legitirriat~'• labor UP.O~. the s~bm1~s1on 0:, ~~e foU?w,9:9>:d~~~J}~t?'--=-=::t""':' ~.;;! fedE;Jration because ·~ _IS only additlon.to lts.charter cei;t1.ficate. ·(t'91) ~/:-?' · . '~~;. .. .-?-°'j,''\_ . legitimized by affiliation: 1. · Names of the chapter's officers;t@it- acfdre~se~.~ · ··""'·· · ··· · · · · . ~and the principal <;>ffic.e of tt~hap:feri(~ . 1!;!) 2. £h~~ter's constltution~ant by-'fai11~;ani .. : 1_r· .. /,~. : !' . plicafj_on \\ .,,, p~_art~~ce.rtiti2at~..iss~ed:by 3. · Provided, that wh~re. thp. ~~~~tf}r~ cq,..:'!~tu;10~ ., · . .r.egistr.ation rs:\\.frl~d {eder?t,~n or ni3tfonal urnon i3nd: ~-19-WS ar~ ~h~ t,s~w.,e ji3.s. thal of tfre~. ,,.... ,w~h_an(!Will be~fted' if ~le_d. with ·.t~!3 Re9ioi1al .. _f~d~r-~t1011 or..the _nation11 ttmonfi.'th1s ~a~i sh~1·~~ :°;:. ~y- the. ;·~~:~~~e or-~_~Rwithin 30 days .. !nd1cated a~c~rd1ngly_(~~8~fODE,d_rt. ~~1&:--Regiorf~J.... ·. .'· ffi_ce. 11ter . tl}e, issuance. o~ the .wller.1ftlil~pli'ant's -~harter ce"rtifieate. . The add!tional requ1rements.,sp~,~t:i~cectf"-dtpri~er~ ft.:fIQririifQ~,J/ offi[i{""i~'I/ . . ·· . oath by the·sec;:retary or- treas,_yfer 6f-t~e c aR't~~n
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·. Not~ Relati~nshlp of lo~r ~r ehapter and that of the . . labor. )edE!rq_lion"or .natio"na!-"union_is that ·of atjency, . whet~ the loqal .is .t.he principal" tihd .the fade.rationthe : · .. agent .(2AZUCE;NA; f;Upra a(202): ·. · . ' · . .. . . . . '· -Registration: .. Requirements. · of · fndep~ndef]t·.: Labor'Union: .(UMM-FC)· · · · .. 1. _. "The riame- qf the. applicant _:labor· !!nlon; its . . prindpa! address, the riarri.e of. its officers . and . their respec.tive addresses1 approximate.number· . of. <3mp!eyees ·in_ :me bargain_ing_ ,urit 'where it." seeks .to operate, with-.a statement !1:Jat it is not rep"orte"d a~ a diai:tered" local .of any federation : . or natiopal union; . .
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of e~nk· ·1;mpioyees \1. Phl/nabank: Employees G..R. No. 174287, August 12, 2013). · · · . .. . Exception: Even before the onset of the freedom period, disafflliatlon-may still be carried out _if ii ·is effected by ·.a .rnajp~ity. of the members .1n the barg_aining unit (ANGLO-KMU v, Sertiehen (lg mga Manggagawang Nagkakaisa . sa Mahi/a Bay Spinh_ing Mills, G.R: f18562, July 5, 1996). · ·• · · · · · · -Not~:· The.exc.eption.appiies only if the contract of . affillation·· does' not specify ·the period. for possible . ~isaffi~Jation (iAZ_IJCE/1/A,supr~..at 2D_7)_- ·. ·
.. andthe lisf of employees who participated lnthe
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said meeting(~); . . . . . 3: The name· of al( its Members comprising 'at least 20% of the employees in the bargaining .1,friit; . 4. The annual financial reports if the applicant 'has been -in existence-for 1 more years; unless it has. not coflected any .amount ·tram· the · members, in Which -case a statement to thls effect,stiall.be included; · 5 .. The .applicant's £onstitution and: by-laws; . . . minutes of Its adoption or (a.tififation, and. the· list · o_f the members who partlclpatedIn it The list of
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Fre-el;fom:i:,~rJod .refer& tothe last.60 ~·ai:ofthe 5th d · t · · an. 1 as1t ,year. of a.CBf>. ( d.J.. . Ma~ne~ o,f.[?isaffiliatlo·n . . The.jnembers shall determlne' by secret ballot; after. due· deliberation, any question of ..'TJajor . pellcy affectlnqthe ·~ntire-membe_~ship_.of !he-:o~gan.izati<;>n, . . • . • •. ·• · _ 2 unl~ss: the nat_ore. of the orgamz~tlon· or. for~e Re~u1reme~ts of_A~hat_i~n: (RAR M AN) . /.. (/ ·' :,;;, rnajeure renders such secret ballot .lmpractical, m ~ i .. . L fieport. of afflllation of indep1ndentl}I regist~~.~~ ,· · ·. w_hich·case, the board,of dire.c~orsof the organization · t~or ~ni.on_; . · . )j (,"_~ ...;·;L~~y.;.;r:nake: . ..ittie decJsloff iri behalf of tlie· g_~n·eral 2. .- ac ll?Jmls .. · · .. . .• p'. ,:;,', !,.-·,,;.,.!:'nieriJfi°>'~rsnip~fJ.ABOR GODE, Art. 250(d)).· · a. Besolu~1on of tt:ie_l?b?r union's boa(d.,,~t~~ifect<:>,rs '---: r · a~prov1~g·the aff1hat1on;. : [. ,:" , : /~-!,. l,.ocal UnJor,J>isaffiliateS:to Join New federation b. Minute~ ?f .. th~ ~e~~ral membe~s~1,mee~1~---:When ·the;Jl~c,t union withc;lr?Y.,S frnm the· old approv.1ng the affJlrat1on;. · . /,.·.}· :<~ . ·. ,.,'>.. fe_dera~orytot1oii\ a new federatio.n, it was merery f· The ·tot<:11 :number of Me"'.9-~~Ccomµ,&1s1.0€1the · · -¥/\ · ~xercisil}~ its~pri"'ary right t?. labor org·~nization for . labor union- and the nan:i~.s of ~m:bers wh~-· Ji ,1 the · eff,ctivej· enhancement. and · pr.o~ection of t .. apJ:)roved:.the.affiliation;· ~~".''2;~.; ~-.·:.. comffi'/Jili'Jn'ffi.tlf~]S}(-Jjopica/ rtut Employees' Uni_on-· °.t · . d. The certificate· of 8ffilrat19n IS~Y.,~d,,(by iitl\~~ · ·.-i,-, . CGLI\( v:'-T-1.Qfli.'i.JJ./!.b/tit Focxl Market, fnc;, G.R. No. Lfeder.ati~n . _irr · favor of _th~:.,:mj.e~nden~y':)~ 4349~99,- January 20, .1-990). , · . · · . . registerea labor union;· and. .. \t -~ \~ ' _:..:-c,, .. · :· . . ' . · : ... . . · e. .-Written· !!otice to·the: .employer conp:e1.niclif the·.· .';J'.'dQ'~tt:i,e,.1absence. o~: enforce.able. provisiqns in the . ~ffiiiatinf} union .i~. the .·incumbe~t?oarg~jAi~~~..:~lf.ef(lequi~co~stit~tLon pr'ev.e~t[n.9 di:>affi!i~ti9~ O~.~ _-. agent (!RR of the LABOR CODE,f3_5ok\{.y~p1e - .. · ·f!)cal ur.uon,. a local· may se:ver-,~s -r(:llat1ons.h1p with its . /II, ·Sec. 7; as am~naed by D.. 0. No~·;f0~03l · · parent (People's : J,;u:J_usfriaf and . Commercial. · ·· ,·. . . . . · · .. :· ·, ,"-::~,·-"' · . Einpioye.esand· Worke,:s 0r9!1_f!ization.. People's · · N~tei· SUP,l;)rviso,r s umon an.d th~. rank and file union · •. fndu.$fria/· and Corpmercial Corporatib_n, G.R. N6. operating within the ~a:me establishme(it· may join · 37687, March 15, 1982). · t,))e: same· federation or national l!nion . (LABOR .. . . . . . .. . ,. . .· CPDf=, Art. 255). . . · · . . . . A : local .·union o.~~s. its· cre~.tion. cal ·union. may disaffiliate from . . Emp(oy~e's'. Union-.CG.W v, ·Jrppica/ 'f:/ut. Food federation: It has been repeatedly held that: a. : ·. -Market,· inc.; G,R. No:.. L-43495-99,· ·January 20, i. ;local .··u.nion, being,· ·sepa~te ar:id vc;>IOnfMY· .· 1990)... · ·· · · · ·. .association, Is free to serve. ·me _ interest Qf alt (ts . .Tt:ie. ~·0113 ·essence·: 9f affiliati~n. ·i:r.to, increase, by ·.~emb~'rs incl.uding:the lre~dom Jo ·aisaffilia~e-w,hEin.. collective ·action, the· QO"in_rrion· bargain!,:ig ·pq1J.1er of ·.·'_ ..·.... :circumstances warrant This rjght is- cpr,sistl;lnt·with . . the .. cbnstitulional guarant~e . of ' freedom. of local . union~ for. the effective . ent,anqemenf and . protec_:;tion of their interests· (PH. Sky/anders;·~nc.. v: association (VolkscheJLabor U.niofl.. .'BLR, ··G.R. · NLRC, GJ{ N_o. 12-7374, 31, · · .·•... . iv_o.'i-45824, _Jµhe 19, 19_85}: .. · . January . 2Q02). . ~ . ~ . . . . Li.mitation: (?(saffiliatlon.. should be _in accordat:lce.. Whe" to·Disaffill~te .. . with the n,1le$. - and · procedures stat~d in" the Generai -Rule·: A labor union may' disaffiliate fr~m. co.nslituUoli ·and. by-iaws ·of-· the· fe.deration (2. the.mother union .to.form .an'inde'perident llnion only· ... AZU.CENA,'supra at 204). dl.lring . the .~O-~ay : ..freedom peri'od !mmei;liately . ·"-· preceding the expjratior, of the QBA (National . . . . . Union : ·:ratifying· members shall be c:frspensed With· . where 'the constitution and by-laws were ratltled or adopted during. the organiz.ational meeting)n such a case, the. factual 'circumstances orthe ratification shall be recorded ··in: the rtlinul!:t~ of the orqanlzational . rneetin,g(s)·_- (2 AZI./Cf=NA supre at· 189).
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Note: Disaffiliation can. never be.done If the CBA or the by-laws of the federation-prohibit it. A prohibltion' to disaffiliate. in the federation's constitution ·or bylaws is· valid.· It is intended 'for its own protection · (Cirteli Employees., Labor J.Jnion-FFW v. Cirtek El~ctronics, Inc., G.R. No .. 190515,·Ji.me
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. ,• .. ·., . Dlsafflllation.,M!,Jst be-by ~ajorlty Declalon . .- Article 250(d) applies to disaffiliation, thus.Jt has to · be .decide.d by the entire membershlp th'ro.ugt:i secret . . ;b~lloting_ (2 AZUCENA;. ~~pia)i_f 20,7). . .
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Effect. of · Cancellation of · Reglstrallon of Federation, or N~tional Union' · General·R~le:"The·cancellaJlon of-registration of a federation. or national I.inion shall operate to. divest its locals/chapters of their status as legitimate Jaber , · ocganization .(!RR of' the LAB.OR CODE,· Book v,· Rule VII/, Sec; 6, as 'emenaea by_ D. 0. No. 40~03). ·. l:x~epti9n: · The .locals/chapters jlre. covered by -a
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Arr individual member 'or any. number of members .: duly' re.gist(;!red':' collective bargaining agr:eement· · . may disaffillate from· the imio~ · during· the ."freedom._. · (JRRot the L~:~OR COPE,· Book y; ·Rule VIII; Sec. period" .. But: dis.affiliating the -urilon itself ~Orf1 the 6, as a7!i~nded by D.O. No .. 40~03).. · mother union must besupported by the: rnajority.ot .. . - . .. . . . . .. " .. -. . the members .. lfdone by a rninorily, everr dwing the. :rhe l_o.cals/chap~e.r:s sha.11_ q~ a119wetj .to ~eg1ster as jreedorn period,--ttie · act. may eonstitute dlsloyalty. · . 1r:,d~p:en?.ent umons, . fa1h~g. wh1c~ . t~ey .sh?.11· lose _ The minority members brea-~irig aw~y.'at the wr9.0~-=~Jheir_.leg1t1mate-statu~ upon tt,_e expiration of.the CB~ time may be· e~pelli:la·_'tro.tn the union ai:,d,'*~.,r~ason.:-;r · ~, .~RR"
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.their employment AZ~CE~A, #fld~~olid?ti9n· · ·. · . ·. . .: · · Effect of Disaffiliation: .. · #,p ~..."':""";..,""";"""":~:MN,,g~r,:(~A~s4'.i)>t1~.n)·1s.the r:irocess ~ere~ l~bo~· 1 As.to Union Dties .... ,1r--..~ ·~;.:v· or!Jan12!!:}t1o~s..~.Q~~.r~ another, . resulting rn, the . · if ,,._,. ) /,/' · ll'J) . IA -~ ·r ' ~fl "tfief' b d l b . 1· ' The fe.deration will no_ IOJ'lger-"t-e~eiv~·, he 'due'.s .qli} .&~.~Sa10{' 0 ~1-' rf. ', a sor _.e . a or orgarnza 1on S . fronHh·e employer bec#use "Ylfhol!fl~he S?id ·, ex1~teri_cr c:!ncl_ \th~) 1ont1~~ed exfstence of the affiliation; the.employer IJJ'ilspl:l'lr·nkfo 1~nrot'her''." _aas0r.bm9 l~l:)o~. 0~~~pt~at1on . (l~R of ,the LABOR unio~. ·. . . . . . l · . ... · ~,-.. t;_G'fj[}E, f~ok_ V,t~~~1.~J~ Sec. ·!W), .~s, a,me_nded_ by 1~ 2 .. As to·existing'CBA ·.,d e . ,b;~. ..,0z,':fr.ff>:N~J 40-03\) ):=._~] · .. : · ·. . · .· · Thei CB~ con?nues to..~inci~~/;\~lmE!t_ii6:~P~ of:ih,t:.?~~-EffectlllfiJr new or. d1saffihated arid 1lildeoendem-r.6~ra 1~· up to~ ·~ · ,? O,.:,J/ 9 eJ{:r,#'i ff ·. , . . · t' d.· t\\ 1t.,J!A ::-,. .;,~·,..w~~;<0·filt~ ,I 'I ergeg~~r.f.l sfe~S. ~ lO tl;,l.e.1absorbrnglabor organization th.e c·BA' s-expira ion a e r""· L • c . · ~1~, .d..:.. tS'l'"'"I ,'/"> t' · t"' ' 'd bit · .... . 209) · · . . · . ~ • . · ~'-' ~ ,.;..<;11 ,tJ •El;:{~ ~· 1~ erest a11 . o gallons of u.1~ ab~orbed ~,M~,:~i~a·~°:t(.IRR·o,fttie. LABPf: CQDE,_ f3ook y,, _.urisdictlcin .· . · . , ·. • .:,··~0.'(~f?!,e V;}:_C,· 1.Q, a4'a.J71ende.d by D.O. N_o. 40-03) ....
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!h_e i~s~e of d'is,a~lia!io.~is. ~n· i_nt~ . ~nion.~.nf.ll<;~<;~_ ..~·~lici~'tio~)l,aigaril~tip_mfJSkylci~d~rs, tJ,£;~~~·1:-fC,.1\/lf~k~,.,J>.J"nlOre unio.ns (!RR o( the LABOR. C(?DE,., G.R, No,. 1273741 Janua,ry ~1, 200,2). . . ~~~Spol('·'i;l, Rule"/, S!3c. 1(1), as r;!mfjnded:by_D.O: No.' . How is.Revo'cation of Chart<J_rhy·the .Fe~ef;Jti~n ·:·· .. 10-o3).. : __: . ' : . .' .. ·· .. ·· . ·.. .E~e,·~ted. . :, .. · . ._.. . : ... .:· ·. . ·.· .' . Effe.ct.of C~nsolldatlo.n;· " . . By.- ·serving ·.the· locallchaptck a. verified · notice of The··newly created labor organization acquiies all the. reypcation; copy rurn.ished by th:e.aLR on 'the ground .. rightl?; .Jriterests'arid. o.bligatlon_s of.lhe. consolidating, of· disioyalty · or. !:i.uch oth~r ··grounds. as rnay: be .. ' · labor. .organ_izatip11s t(IRR qf the l;ABOR . .GODE;· · spe'cified'ln;.its constitution or·.b1~laws (2:AZUC,ENA, · . Book v;·Riile_lV, Sec: 10, ~s· amended.by D.O. No: supr1;1 a.(210):
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All r:eguisit.e· docl:(nie.f.lis.. and. pape~s shall ~ under : . :·Effect~· ~f M~r~--~·~·and:Con§.Q.lld.atl~n:ofE~p-loyer oath . by . the secreta~y or the. treasurer . of :tM · . .., 'Wihiy (?.6ctri~e .str;1tes .tha(a duty to arbitrate a·risiilg organiz.atron, as the·case.!'T)aybe,"'al'.)d at~ested to-by.' · · '.from a c.ollective bargainlrig agr,ee_m1;mt.survivl:ls the its presi9ent. (/RR .of the L/',~ 0R· C_ODf?,,~ok V, ·: · · . ., ~mploye~ ~eal>i!'lQ. to .d~: busin~s.s a·s· ·~ ~epar~te ... Rule JV, Sec. 1; a;s amended by D.O.No. 40-03).:. . . entity after. its merger. with·, .a. sub~t~nt1ally. large · · · ·. · corp.oration.. so as. 'to . b&: bln.~in.9 ori the larger · Effect of Revocation of Charter Certificate. corporation, where·relev~nt sir'nil.a.rity ai:id .continuity.Tt:le. rEivocatio~ shall'.divest the local 'chapter of·its • pf open!itions across. the· change in oymership is legal .perl,ionality upon receipt of the· r,oti'ce by the · evidenced l3y . the wholesale ·.transfer of smaller BLR unless. in the meantime-the local/ciiap.ter. has :corpqratitm's emplqyees to.itie larger:~orpor.ation's act1uired independen_t registration· in accorda'nc~ pl.int. (2 AZUCENA, supia·a(.533j, · 0
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BAR. OPERATIONS. .
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Requirements for AppeaJ . 1; The memorandum of appeal· shall _be filed with ·the Regional Office or Bureau that issued the · denial ·or· return of riotice; and · 2.. It sh.all be accompanied by the complete records ·· tiie application for registration . (/RR of. the . "LAB.OR CODE, Boo/5· v, Rule ·IV, ·sec. 7, · as -. ·. amended pyD.o.-40-.:03f. ··:
:xceptions: 1. ll does not .survive where· there is lack of -substantlal continuity. of identity in tti~ business .. enterprise before and 'after the change; 2. · Where the union abandons its: rig!'lt to arbitration · b.y failing-. to. make . its· - claims. known (2 AZUCENA supra at 531)- ·. ... ARTICLE 242: ACTiON ON APPLICA"TION ..: The· Bureau. ·shalt' act · oh . all appllcatlons for registr~fion within .30 days from filil')g. · · . ·'
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Mod~.s of,Appeal. . 1. Regional Office · . . __ a, , ihe Regfona} .Office . shalt "transmit the . · . All -requisite d~cume.nt shail be .certifled under oath . · records , within. 24 hours frorri" ·· receipt" . of · . ) -. by the secretary-or the treasurer of the orqanlzatlon, · · · Memq ofcf,pp,·eai;_ · ' ' . · . · W ·as_ the case'jnay be, and a~~$_ted to ·b~ t~e president b. Th!3 Bureau shall render ·a.-decision within.20 it _(LABO~ CODE, Art_,_24~). . . ·· .- . . ·: p.ays from receipt ·of records (/RR of the-.· LA.SOR· CODE,. Book v~ Rule IV, :sec. · 7); ARTICLE 243:- DENJAL .·oF · ~EGISTRATI.ON; . . and . . . . . APPl;AL · . · : c .. ·. The . decision of the ·. Bureau ·may 'be': ., · Ttu:fdeclslorr _Qt_ th_e_ Regional-.d~ce __ or the Bureau ·/~) ·. .: . contestedbetore the Court of -Appeals via · •· ~e.r:iying .t_H_e·applicatlon for.·registratio~ shall b~: f~J~.f~ ·. Pe.titi_o~ for Ce~iorari unc;ler Rule. 6.5 of tlie . · 1. ·. ln.wpting; · . · . ·. . · . /.. f.( .•,\ ., Rules of Court ·(f.bbott 'Leboretories PH., ii. _1· Sta~i~g _in clear terms · ttie . reason for Inc~ ~· Abbott. Lab·oratories. Empioyees . ; decision: and . · _ . · . ),- i',:. ,,,,__,_7.,... .. Un!P.'JiG.R. No_. 1.?1374,_ January 2q, 2900). . ~,.,· ~.- .-ApP,li~~t 1,tnion must beJurnish_ed a c9p_Y:,S>}i'sa.i.gf}!;;~z....t~t1rea,~-~$Labor Relations: . ·· .. _· , [': , - ~ec1s1on· (/RR of .th_e LAB_OR.CQD}~,{fJookV,; H a?""--"F.tie·~~r~auy~_allt~?nsm_,t the._reco_rd~within" . Rule IV. Sec. 6, as clmehded by D.,O;,:No. 40-03),..A.._.Ii 24· ?Jfoi;.s from receipt of Mem.oof f,.ppeal: · ,~--. . · : . · '. . .' · .\'\.,;.f · . h. Thf !tecretary ·of. ·Labor sh.all render a lit · Appeal. · · ·: · . · . I}'·-:-..:?'. ~ : d~cistpn\w_iihif!·.20 · days from receipt- of . ~ ·· · 1 ... C~se.sfr()~ ~he·Regforial.8Jf:fi:{ · '.i.;,t~· · __ !>\ · ' r/c.orfils{lflR:oftheLABOR COD_E!_Book V, · The dec1slqns of· the Regi,6rir!,Qffi9~.,_ shaJI I?~ ?f }1:1le [lV, ~q. 7,.. as amended. by_D_.0: No. fi_-.: apr:iealable ·to the 1;3:LR (IRR.:~Une:'irAJ3.Plj?-)C'o~E,,... _ . · l~~-1 . '-if f; Book V, Rufe IV, se·c. -7, .cis ~Wit'!deg::lc?.]1,.P,-0.-Jil~,j c. · 'The!sl.si.c1s1ono! the Secretai:y of Labor m~yi} 40703). · ,-. ·_, · . . ~...~-~"-:\ ·: . // . be contested _before the Court of-Appeals ~a J!l .. ·· · ·. · . . · .. · -~ . :,?,... Petition for Certiorari uh.der Rule 65 of the The .decisions o_f the BLR on cases a~l:?~clied.from ..,),,-.~~.,::,t}mn.Rules.-of Court (Abbott Laboratorie~_PH., r~'- - Regio~al Dire~tor (appe(late·juri~dictfo/j)'are.{fii}ill:;:...;,!.,:;:..;.~~LA..i-if.i'e!. v.. Abbqtt .Labcirarori(!s . Employees .1_:1nd _no( appealable to_ tr,e' Secret_a'!X_.Pf ftJ.f>or. . Unfon,_.G.R .. No. 13.137_4, Janqary26, ·2(!.00). ~- . :(Taka.r~:P.f:IL.:Corp.-v. /3LR, G.R. No.: 19~!'!..:., '!nfr .. _. :-· ·. . . . . . . ,: . . ... ~· 4,-2014). _. . · · · ··. · · · · · · · ·. Registration of Federat1011s, Nationa.1 .!J_n_tons or~-~-~-'. . ' ·' .· · . . .·· -Workers Ass9ciations Operatihg_.in: More' than
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Registration of . Independent -; L,at>or Unions,. C_hartered Locals, Work~rs' Associations. Flied with.th~ Reqlonal ·officeRegio'nal office where union pffncipally operates · (Proceasedby Labor Relations Division) . . . ·. . . . . f''t
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'(ARTICLE 248: VOLUNTAR'(.CA_NCELLATlON OF · R.EG!STRATION . _· '. . . ·· ,. The registration ot a. legjtim~te lal;lo~ organization :·. may he cal)c~lled by the organization · itself; : provided: . · · . ..,. : .1 .. A~ least 2/3 .of its general.- membership vot?s via .:ii s'ecret balloting, in ·a r'neeting.duly"ca]le_d for.that }~-. purpose to'dissolve the organization; al')d .... .. 2: . An application to cancel regisfration:is thereafter s4bmittea by 'the board· of·the orga"nization, ·attested -to· by. the· presiderif thereof (LABOR CODE, Art. 248); ··.
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:·.· Note: H~ving •held:, an illegal .strike is. not:.~~ason to .cancel a.union's reqlstratlon, Holding arr fllegal strike i'· '. has adverse . consequences .. to· . the strikers particularly the officers, · 'but -cancellatlon of. their· '!f: union registration is notone of those 'consequences
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_eol_itical rigJ;it - the right to vote and be voted for, ·subject to lawful provisions on qualifi<::alions . and disqualifications (2: AZUCENA supra at 225) ..
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Note: Any violation of the above rights and · . conditions of -membership shall be ,a. ground tor cancella"tion of unio"n .registration or expulsion of. an offic~r from office; whichev~r·is'appropr:iat~ (LABOR · GODE, Art. 250).
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3Q% requlrement.when required; At least'3.0% of .all the· members .of the union 'or any. member- or . members specifically concerned. may report· such violation. to the Bureau (LABQ_R CODE; Art. 250). · . , . . . .. , ... : When 30% Is not· required: When· the violation .directly affectsonly 1 or 2 members, thenonlyt gr 2members would be.enouqh to report such violation (Verce/es v. B!,..R-DOLE, G.R. No. ·152~22, February
ARTICLE-249: EQUITY OF THE:·INCUMBEN-f· .,,./:)/( :15, 2005). . . ~IJ existing. federations and national" unions ·weficfy_'.{/'\ . ·. . . . .. . . . meet: ..th?·. qualifications ·. of. _a legitimate : lat:;,9f ,,0 .~'. '\ Note: In tl)e DOLE $ecretar-y'sor his duly authorized orqanlzation and none _p.f the. ·grounds ·\to,'(, . , :.,:LreP..r.~senta~iy~·s visitoda1 power. to inquire into the -cancenatton shall continue to maintain _their.~{j_$tJf1~-:;/r1r:1~Jio~m;,!~h·f!~N~ties-of any _labor org~nization. the affiliates ~egar.dtess of ~~-~at~re CJf tlie \~dt,i~try_and;Jfj r' com.pl.ain~·-mtstbe ~uppo~ed by 20% of the- labor. . the ~~c~t,on ~f th.e c!ff1hates ·(LABCJf3::{:JCj_,DE'.,,41!(-J-:.:!\ _ organrzat1o?Jil,,1reml;>ersh1p_ (/.,ABOR· C~DE,',·Art. 249r . ~ . h_.~..,1-,. _. .- _ .• ,.~.,. . ff ,, t, - . . . . . . ·. .. -~ ... .,.,,.· . ..:-.;;,.#' 1i i 289J. ·• ''Rt\
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Limitations or'I Membership in Labor. Organizations . · . ·1 : . The . . labor· · organization . . cannot c;ornpel employees to ·b_ecome. members of ·their ·labor· organizaUon i_f they are already mer:nbers of arival-union (tABOR CODE,_ Art.. 259(e)); . · 2. · The persons mentioned··in Art 250(e) of the ·.Labor Code · are pro.hibited fr.om becoming a . m~rnbe:r ofa labor organization; and .. . 3.. The membe~s of a religious _organization wh'ich fqrbids' membership in"~labor organization could not . be_· compelled .into·. union m~mbership (Viotoriano',.v:Elizalae Rppe. Worker·~ Un.fon, GR. No. C25246,_ September 12, .. 1_97 4).
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The authori:z:.ation . should specifically state the: (BAP)·. . . 1. -.§.eneficiary of the deduction;. 2, · Amount; and , 3-... f urpose (LABQ_R. CODE, Art. 250(0))
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. . For Mandatory activities provided under the CQd~ . . . . Check-off for union service -fees. 8uthoriied . bi law (Redio Communicstion»'ot the .PHL, Inc. v, Sec. of Leber, G.R. Np. 77959, ·January 9;
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3.. W!ieri 'Non.-men:iber-s of the. union 'avail of tne . · · . . benefits of the CB.A.: : . . . • Wh~ are .Entitle<J to Vote~ . . . . a. _ Said non-members f.flay be assessed union. "Only members ofthe·u.riion have t.be_eH~i.bility to take dues equivalent.to that pald.by members: . part in the.electlcn.of ~niqn officers. Eligibility to vote .. . . ·an_d · · . . .. •· may be determined throu'gh the use (>f the ·applic~.RJ.§l."'"'"'~·=,..,."~-I;);. · Only · by a board resolution approved· b.y _payroll . period. and the status of. the ern,13J0yees y 1 -~. .:·'.""~»!1'.!ajority of the members in . a . general during the applicabl_e period. -This. p~fri',s fu,·the · -)i~ m~-eS!rig called for the. purpose; and·· . p·ayrQJI of· the month next prec~jin('"fne J)~~9.f:=,;;.~==l~GJ11;?dk-9f0~.[.- union service fees Aut_horized by. dispute •. iri_ case· "of regular en:i,r~y~eS)>1!,~EFt~e ··-,raV4/R'agijl-.P~mmunication$ pf'thePHL;Jnc. V.. payroll period at "". near the Pff.c:l<"0.{..,~Jjer;:;iJ,19ri·;°'."1n=~~-,."'-$,~_c:~~f-(_~ab~f\G. R. -No. 77959, Janua!Y- 9, case. of employ~es li:1· season~l~$1uswes yranClf./-!ti '\W 198f),'\~'.~1,'.J \ . . : . . · v: -Ferrer-Cal~e;a, G.R.- No._; 781'311p- Janfary 2.i!i, .ffJI'). g~ .. :i- . ·\ 1988):· · · · k, a · ').~ Note:·. ll,he in~wi4'u)iq1.-written . authorization duly · · :; I';? ;/ . . u~---."s1gn~a5t the e~'pi~ee).is 'an additional- requirement A labor o~ganization. may _cpn"ditiG:i~the ei~rcise.'[of~ ~®avyqi.spe.ci~) ~s{~~'sments:·orextraordinary fe_.es the right to vote on the payu,_ent,,GfJdues, ~bject~w:~"n-:ri;:.:;.ihlord~~f'that a· ~peeia:t!~~sessment may. be validly 2 QU...*"./·g~ili!;Jlan intta_:uniol)J~C!nflict,BLRand· R,_D 0f:DOl.,E · 1i r-·~~~v,~o!J,e"Or"JentjLip'sdictJon over- check-off_disputes : C~eck-Qtf is· a n:i.eth'oc;I .of de!'.l_.uctir.i~fr0 ~-.J,f2~i:JtfEo/A,,supra at 241-2.42): · . . ·· ern1tloye~;s pay at prescribed. peri~th.e_ :ls:<-~==--="'_:'':rt;\j'I,-:,/?· · · . : :. . . · ·· . d_ue· to the. union for fees, fin_es. or.. as~e'&.~'!1 · ...._ .J?['~fgutr~~,etifs for· Levy ·of Spe~ial Assessm_ents Al-UCENA supr.;i -at 266). . '. · *'i,,,~ · . 1.. I_;!.._. OES~(.tr-a·ordinaryfees: (RAGS) . : . < . . · .·.·===-=-cf'.··· There must""be a Written-R'esblcrtion· .: :Nature··and' Purpose of Ch~c..k-Off. . ·2. · Th!;nesolutlon ~~sf have ;been. ~plc)rovei.b~ a Union due.s__ are _the ltfeblood of the _unio~ ".-II unions ·:majority.of al~ the member!?; . .. ar~. authorized·- to. col.l~ct reasonable . membership 3. · The approval ·must be Jlta:§eneral:ri,er'nbershi"p fees, Lin1oi:t dues, as~essrnents:and:fjnes and oU,er . ."meeting.:duly"palleq.for that purpose;_and . · •. : · coritritiU.tions ·for lc1bor edllcatioo ·-and· researc~. . 4.. Ihe Secretary. of the organization shall record· · mut1,1al" death·_ arid · 6ospltalizatjon· .benefits, _.welfare : the. "minutes•. o(· the meeting, whic.h' "sfrall., be fl.ind, strike fund.·. and, credit ·and . coop·erative .. atteste~ to by the Presid"en( .Tlie ·minutes ··ur)dettakings-(LABOf{.CODE, Art. 250): · · 'include:·· · · · · ·· . . · :._ · a: The.list pf. all rnembers pres13nt; Requirements with ~egard to Check•Offs ··. b: The. votes ·cast;,and· ·.: ·· : .. . ~ener~I. R~I~; No special" assessment, attorney's c. The purpOse· of the ·assessment or_. fees. ·· fees,· -regrstration fees. or al')y ·other ·extraordinary (LABOR CODE; Art_. 250{n)); . · · , . · fe~s· may be C~ecked ..off ~frOm ani amoUnt d~e an : · ~ · '· · · · · · employee withc;n:it an. individual" ~ritten authorization. Subst~nti_ai CQmpliance .. wlP, · u,.e _aforementio~ed duly signed by, the employee (LABOR J;ODE, Art, procedure- is notenough; t~e-requir_eme.nts must be, 250(0)). · · . · · ~ . . . ·. , strictly cqrr,pfied with (Palacol.v,Ferrer-Calleja,G:R . . ,. ' · No. "85333, February26i 1990}°. · ·
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Union- Dues are the regular monthly contributions paid by the members to the· unlon In exchange for the benents ·given to them .bY. the <;::SA and to finance the 'acttvttles of. the union in representing them (2 _AZUG_ENA; supreet 237). . . Agency Fees .are dues .equivalent to union dues, charged from- the· · non-union members · who or _ ben~fited byorunder the CBA (2 AZUCENA,·supra · at 241). ·
· . When the union bids to be the bargaining agent, it . voluntarily . . assumes.. the-: responsibility of · rspresentlnq a_ll employees in· the· appropriate . bargaining unit (Natiorial · -Brewery. end Allied Industries La/for Union of the PHL · v. 'San Miguel Br(Jwery Worker's AssocifJtion, ·G:R. No.. L~18170," August31, _ 1~63). · · . . . . .. . "CHAPTER Ill: RiGHTS OF LEGITIMATE LABOR ORG-ANIZATION~. . . ·-
... Requisites for. th_e Imposition of Agen·cy- Fees:_ -· ·ARTJ(r~E;- . ~51_: Rl~HT.S: ,c;>F ·"A LEG.ITIMATE : . ·: (PN!3)· ·. . . . . . .. · . . LAe·oR·ORGAf,UZATION:(Rl:FO_-Sl;!E) . ·: . '.· 1 .. The employee'is f_art of the bargaining unit; 1.- .· gepr~s.ent · union . mernbers fo(- .: collective" t° 2. He- is ·t!,qt a member-of the unionj.and .. · _. ·bargainfng'; · · - ·· · :· · · 3 .. He partook of the aenefits of the CBA (/..ABOR 2. ·:Certified. ·c;1s' !;xclusive. representative of all , T"" ·COQE; Art.-259(e). _· · · · 'employees: . .· · · . . . . . . 3. ". Evrnished by . employers: of audited financial- _ Note: No requirement of written auth6rizatio.n from · • . · · statements: .· . · · . · · :'the non-union employees is needed to effect a valid ./P· 4.- bwn properties; · - . : . _ · . . check · off. Written- authorization is inapplicable~~t( 9·. · .§ue and ~e sued in its registered name; nori-urqon members, .especially in this ·case.-wt;{~te;/.;_.; \ 6.·. lJ.ndertake· a-ctivit!e~ for the benefit of -the · · the non-union employees receive several pen~fitf\~''.;.;-:, . organization and its members: _and· . . .. under the CB.A; (Del Pilar Aceaemy v: Del .':'.4~r;;,.-._:,,_i,-~-y.-f~:<empA~~-from taxes (0BOR·C(?f.?E;A~:251). 'I' .Employees, G.R No. 1101'12, AP.r:i/;3~ ··/1''~1r..f°!.-"-t.c"'':J;,·~' .~1,1 . · : . . · ff Apademy 2008).· : · .. . · _ · ARTIC1:EL25.2\REF>ORTORIAL RE9UIREMENTS. Reportortal ;t~quirementi_, to be submitted to · the unton, Dues v : Ag~ncy·F1;~(;:_J..: : : ,//... Bu.rea~ by_j}'\~1ll¥~iti"1ate labor_organization:_(CQMA) _ ""ilt~iii1~fil · · · ,..,; . . r·1;f Consitu_tr.~n·,\and . by-laws, ._or, amendments 'ii' .4*' 1... -,,... ~,. "h • ~ _:-l; ··there,__o·, :_i:rinu\~s of. ratific;:itior:i, and· the· list- of _ m~jp~~r~';_Vhc_>j_QO~ part in J~e _ratificat!O~ of .the . .· · - .. -· '"-,( ·, . - . ,d -·~.-.,: ;· . i~ · - · CQ..r:t~1lJlJ~rn~,ar;ip:;!!>y-lawsWJtti1n :_30. days _from M,embers q~ ·a .union _for Non-n;i,~!11~-e~;.;;[l . tf-i'~, : .. 9:dopt10:E:qill:ati_ficationoUhe constituti9n and by.the paYJ:!ent · of union .barga1r.11n9:~_gent, Gurnori} · .,_ laws or amend me Ats th~reto;·~ · . · . Is; ~ti.es·~' ·. : . , '. . "for th~ ~Flj.ox,rfentofth_~_' 't~J;,_.._List of _Qffic~rs, r'ninvtes ~t :_!he election. of ._ ·. · . ··· b~nef1ts und~r.JJ],e~CBA: and hst of vo_ters within 30 days !ro~
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. :·.. Note; Failur:e fo compiy With the above-mentioned . · . -requirero~nts shail ri-ot· be -a· ground. for canceHation ['-· (LABOR QODI=, Art. "240(0)). · o( l;inion re_glstration. l:iut shail subje~t. tl;le -erring 1 office"rs or .mell'ibers to. suspension: expulsion. from ~.-, Npte: Agef\cY,fe~ ¢~Rnot be)tnposed.on e~ployees. - · :- .,mein_bersbip,. or·· ·ariy ~ppropriate · l?enalty ·-(LABQR already_.in. ttie _service an~ are ):nember.~.of another _._ . COQE, Art. 252j. .· : . . . . r--. union:"lf a clos_ep:shop agreement c;;ai:inof be"-applied . . to them_; neither:m~ry c3n· agency.fee. as a_ lesser form 1:ITLE:FIVE:· COVERAGE . . . ;· :.:· . of union security, 6e· i_mposed ·ari-·th~rri, Paymer:it by· f no_n--iunionmembers ·9ti1gency fee~-does not arpount ART°iCLE 253·: COVE.RAGE AND .EMP.LOYEES!· K~ . to' an u_njLtst ~nrichment _-basically" bec?use._ ·tt:ie RIGHT TO $ELF·ORGANIZATiON . ' ·. f:: · pur-po_se of . such . dues is· to avoid discrimination .· ... B.(te"rit of-the- R!ght to·S~lf-Orga_niza~ion . . f · -between--union arid non-union members (National · · 1. -To form-,join and as·slst labor c>rganizations for Br:~wery an·d A!lfecrhJpustries Labor. -Union "of the the . purpose collective bargaining· through ~ PHL v. San Miguel Brewery, 1nc., G.R. No. L-18170, repr~s~ntatives of.their own_ choosing; and . . 0 A·ugust 3_1,_ 19tj"3). · · · 2. To :enga.ge iri lawful ·conce-rted a·ctivities -for the . same. purpose or for.- their mutual_; aid- ~nd :?~ protection ,(LABOR COD.E,Art. 257). t, j,: ..
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· 5.. !:!Jgh-lev.el· or managerial · government employees (E.O: N~. 180, Sec." 3); . .6. Aflens without valid worRing· permits: or _Aliens with valid working permits but are nationals of a. . country which do not-allow, Filipinos -to· exercise · _. . the right of self-organization and to join· or assist ··.l_abor organizations. (LABOR CODE, Art.· 2?4) 7. !".fon-Eri:lployees (Roswio .Bras.;', tnc. v. ·_Opie, Rlght : to J°oin . ·starts . from · J=lrst . Day of. Employmen~ . · · · /. ' ·· . ·. ·G.R No. L-53590; July 31, t984); 8. Q.overnment. employees, . . including · those Any employee; Whether employed for a. ·definite employed in 'government-owned and controlled· · period or not,· shall; beginning on the -1•1 day of corporations with Origin:1'!1:_cliarter· (Ariz.ala v.. CA, his/her- service, be. eligible- for.'ftiel!)bership In any . G,R Nos, 43533;34, S_eptember t-4, 1~99);. · labor orga_nizali0n (LABC/RCODE,·_Art, 292(c)).·· · · · 9.'. gmployees ..ef cooperatlves who are at the same Empl~ye.es _Eligibi.e fo J.oin·a Organization . ··. time its members ((Jenguet Electric c·oopllrative for·:purpose°s··of ·Colle_cttve Bargafr1h1g; (CIA- . Inc. v .. Ferrer-Celleje, .G.'fr. ·'No .. -79025; .' G()CC-.CREM) .· . . · ·.. . , · December29, 198~)- However,they rnayform a 1, All- persons --~11'.lP,oyed.in."Qomm~erci_al,'!ndustrial . 'worker's associatlon iNuev« E_cija l Electrk: c;1nd .~gricultura~ '(Cl.A} . 'enterprises.: includ!JJ~-==~-.,_-,;_ . cooperettv» lnc., _Employ~es_'Assoc.· v. · NLRC; employe_es of Gov.errrm.~r:it-owne,~ __ o~·W.Jl:~PH~ Ti · f;:"'.;;G:~/i/6.: f?"?066;-January~4,.2_000}; a~d ~ .. corpo~at,on (GOCC) w1t'10Ut··~m~J!l;1·:c~~ers l~/§Jdl?VfFS~~~ or tho~e. d1re?t!Y.. or: m~1r,e_ctly . . established under the _Corporat1gn' ~,ecie._:j~it,~="---==~,; ~l'lig~fjesi,~(l- subversive acbv1$1es_. (LAB.OR . 2 .. In Qharitable, ]~elig.i_ous, g~uiati0Q_al~9r~filealcal. · · ·. "'"''..6Q_f1E(Arj..·_\~~O(e)}. . · _ · ·_. · · · · · . :(C~EM) _institotions. whethe.lJ_op~v~Jit;9'5f1r;,.pFofi~t-=~.:._ . . or·not_ (LABOR CO_D£,Art,r~§J_J) ·mi 'y -~pTIC~.I;: 2~4,;A_!.!J~~-T OF· EIVJPLOYE~ IN THE· · · ·. · .. 1 . · . ' • ~ • Jr l~ ,BUBLlqSE YJeE,1. : . • · ·. - . . . ~ ~ ~ • ' t'f \\ ·.f>ers_o'ns/Empfoyees.EJigilll~ to·,Ptr\ _ _.,.Labor. r~\.=.-_· ·. ,,. 11 ,\.',. ·.. · • · · · ·.: • . Organization· for .. N!u~ual ffAl'g;;.0a,pd . Prflecffoo.:'"1mr. · ,,;,;;.. l:~ ..(AIR-VVISe} · ·. . : 111;~4 U .. · ~ a, . 1 .. : Ambulai:it-(.Walking or fi
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Terms and ·. Cot:iditions ·. of Employm'ei-it in Government S1:rvi.ces . . . . General Rule: The . terms and .conditions of . employment" or ·improvements thereof may ·be the subject of negotiations . between duly recogniied employees' org;mizations. and appropri'ate governme_nt autborities.(E.O. Nb._ 180, Sec. 1.3):
tertns and conditions ·of employment· which are not fix,ed by: law, Thus, they . have·· · limited barg~ining rights._. ' ~ii'. •
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ohly fqrm: jc>in or. Can form, .join, ·O·~ assist assist ; - . . ·lab<>r labor- organization .· for cifganization . , ~cir purposes of: CBA, etc. puqSJ9ses ·not.contrary law. · · · · . . ·. (2 AZIJCENA, supra ·at 25~:264)..
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. Negotiable Terms . and Conditions· of·· Emp.loyn:ierit"incoecs with driglna°l."Charter:. ~: 1. · schedule of vacation and other ·,e~ves· ... · . 2 .. · Personh.e(growth and d~velop;,,ent; . ' . . Fo~r!'"Jng,. · 'Jo.ini~g, -~r ··Assisting Employee's 3. Communication system> intemai (lateral and }_._;,···_:·organization. . . vertical), external; ; . .. . . , Gener.al.Ru.le: All government employees can form, .: 4.· · Work a~signment/r,eassi_gnment/d~tailitransfer; join or assist employees' orqanlzatioris oftheir own.-,:,:;') 5.- Distributlon of work load; . . · , · chooslnq for._the furtherance and. protection· of .ft;reir· L .. 6.. · Provlslon.for protection and safety; · .... { intere~ts._ They ca~ .alsi;,·_.forrn 1_.abor-.mar:iag~rr~.~({(.;;:} 7 .: · Provi~io!' .· for facilities for:' .handicapped ?-' · cornmlttoos. work oounctls. and ·0th.er .forms.;.1qL•.-:.~-,,••): .personnel; . · {i,-. W~rkefS'jiartlclpatlon schemes to .achleve the )~,I~~~~:~e.tovi~iOJ-;l'.\for -flrst aid, medical .services and . obJecttvesJEO. No .. 180;_ Sec.1). · . · .>;-"'. ',\::_;t)•;t:.!..:.!~~pp>h~~;.-~ ·· ·. · . · · ·. ·/ . . . . . . .. I_/;>< · 9.. pnys;lca(fltnes&program; . .• : E~ce~tions: -· . . . ·· .. 1: 10. Prov!~.iq/{~%,o_r fami.ly ·p.lannh:ig services .for .1. High-level· employees · whose. fi;ftl'ctibns ,;at€! ~\ · marned'v!,lomen; · · '. · . , \1orni.a!IY.. c,om;:idere-<;I . as. _<>r·... 1 f ·Annu»1(.~jidit~l/ph~.ical·exam_iriatiori.: maF)~gen:al.pr whose du,.\:sis,,ar~,pf-t a ~fiighly'\ 12. ~ecy~a~9'1Jat,\_s~~1~l, , athletic , and_ · ·_ctilturaf confidentlal r1ature._(E.O. W,t1i_t;1[!_Q!;~e,~.3); q{id.! .· ' ~~t _:a~~J~~-"l~°!:1~J:q:~f.!!'es;.. . .· , .. · · .. ·. .. , '. 2. · ME:l'.:'b~rs. · :<;>f th~·-. Arme9 · Fo~9~~,r;of~1~:':-- ;i :;;J 13. CN:4;1~~~tHl~!'l:'}1ursuantto -~SLMC-:Resolution . P}.uhppm~s. 1_n~l_1;J.dm_g poliq,fo!Ji.S~:~:;A.91t~etu'an}:: l··f . N<_>:· 4~s..,.2002 and· Resolution No. 2, s. 200?; firemen _andJa1J..guards (E:O:Np·>-1'80;. S'fic.. 4),l' · ~1'! : ... and, . . ·. ·· . : . ·· · . . .. · · . . · . . . . · , ·:. , · · . ,l " · )~;. f~.,_.,1-4,iSuctrother~ncerns Which are not prohibited by . , N_ote: . ~iriployees of goYemmenr~eofp
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1. : Thein3inployjnent_-shall nq~·pe. s·u.bject to the ~opdit!on.· ~hat· tfteY· shall norJoin · or :stiaiJ' . r~!inq1,1i,sh.tne.ir m_enib~rst\ip jri .th.e employees'· ·orgarii:z:ations(EO. No. '180, Sec.,. 5). · ' : 2 ... <3overn'i:nentaµthdri.ties·shall not Interfere in-the ' esti:Jblishme.nt, f~·ncti_oni_ng or :administr.atiori.·of. : ··goyeninie_nt_·employees'.org;mizatipns··throl!gh : ~ct_s desi_gned_to.pla.ce.suyh p~gan_izat_innsunder :.the control .of government aut_hority':(E:.0: No. ~_;_{_:.. · . 180, ·Sec: 6).. . . . . . 3 .. · Government · ··employees · ·.sha1r. not be . -" Q.iscrirytin~ted . ag·afhst by . i'~ason .. of their f,c, . . _membership in emplciy.ees' organizations or .. par:tic;:ij:)ation in the normal .activities of' their 'organization·(~.O, Ne;>. 180, Se_c. 5). '. '.
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·· ·. 3; ·· !ravel expens.es;·and· . , . 4. · Other benefits·fh_at are. spe9ifically provided oy . ... lav-.t_(IRR ofE.O. No. 180; f?_uleX/1,Seci~),: . · · . ·In sum. gov.emrnentEfmploye~s.covere·<;iby No. 180 may, organize,. even unionize;· ·and negotiate eniploxm~nt conditions' riot !fixed ·p.y law bu~ .·they. . _.can~o\ strike (2 A_Z.UCE_NA, supra- at 264). . · .·. EMP!,..OYEES' OF REGISTRATION. . ORGANIZATION .. . .I
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y\jhe"r~·to Regi.ster. Go\lernmeot·e_mployees'.o~ganizatfons shall· register. with: · .· .· · · · · · 1.. The, c;ivil Sei:vice Comn)ission; an_d·· .. ·.2. ·DOLE . .
2~19 SAN !3EDA LAW ci:=NtRAUZE;DE}AR OPERATIONS I 99
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The appflcanon shall be filed with the BLR; which . shall· process the 'same in 'accordance with the . provlslons of LaBor Code.
·ARTICl,..E;255: ~NELIGl~ILITY OF,MANAGERI.AL. EMt:>L.OY~ES· .. TQ . - JOIN .. ANY'. LABOR ) ORGA~IZATION;.~RIG.HT ·.OF·_: SUPERVISORY. . . EMPLOYEES·. . . .. . - · - . 1. .: Manageri~I Employees.:· a·re: . those 'who . are.· .. vested with powei'$.O(prerpgatiVeSto.lay 'dowA and. execute management policies -and/or. to.. . . hire, transfer,suspend, lay-off, recall, discharge; assign or. disclpline employees (L:A80k ·CODE, .' . Art .. ~19(in)).
100 1 · :2019 SAN BED~ tAW CENTRALliEa aiR OPERATIONS.·:
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·LA.BOR R·ELATION.S
CENfRAuzio BAR OPERATIONS - MEMORY A10.-:1.019 MM PiiiffMdWWPMWW ipN ROPMa+SiiktWW fflt#Z,~/./J,:~·l.'1"J~; ·-30 ~·:. .. . . By the very.·natlire of their functions.ithey ,,r··.Typ~s of ManaQerial Employee!;>:.. . . ·· a. First-Line '. Managers (often celled a. Assist and act in a confidential capacity; and . . supervisors) - direct the operation of b. Formulate, . determine,· and effectuate employees.only and donot supervise other m_anagement policies in the ~eld of labor . managers· . (e.g.'· toremen. production relatlons.. . · · The 2 criteria. are· cumulative, and both rnust be supervisorin a mamffacturing plant);.· b'. Middle Managers - direct the activities of met ·if an employee is· to be considered a confidential employee - that is, tlie confidential · other ·. managers .. · aric;l .. ·· _-also . 9p~rating relationship must exlst between · the ·e.mployee. . . employees ·(~.g. _ plant manager m.. an electronfc firm); and .- · . · · • . and· his supervisor, arid the· supervisor 'must .. · handle the prescribed responsibilities relating {o · c. Top: Manag_~rs .: Responsible for the over. 1al) rnanaoement.ottne orqanizatten (e.g .. labor reiations. As such, the rationale behindthe- . .. · ·CEO, president,.SVF').· · · ineligibility· managerial .ernployees.. to form, '.: . •' .. asslst or jo_in a iabcr union equ~IJY' applies to · · · 'Amonq tha 3 tY.pes, only the 1 st-!j_ne nia,nagers them (San Miguel Corp. v. Laguesma, G.R. No. · ·.11_0399, August -15, -1997). . . . . ·. · :.9r. supervisors 2an [oin, assist or_ form ,U.n_ion (2 · . ff~{!CENA,.supra at?6~-270). · "; · . Under.the Doctrtne of Necessary Implication, 2. · supervi~ory en{p1oyee·s'a(e.-thase"'-,;,ho.in the. what is implied in .a ·?tatute- is ,is much a part x- · ·· interest of the 'employer, _effeCti'.'.ely r~c'6m'mer:id,>;':i .. · thereof·· as · that wlik:h . is expr~sse.d · t!"ius; "· · .. such manageri?I actiol')s if the exercise of s1.teJ,i·.- /;) ·confidentlal'employees an:i'similarly disqualified - · . authority· . . · .,1s . . not·· · · . merely · I ro//.: \ · ' (National Assoc .. of. Trade Unions-Republic· · . 1;1t!nary_or_ c_le_rjcal_in natµ'ie but require_s:the~~sf;:t_::~·;r:'.) .. P!anters _f!ank_ Supe,rvisors ChE!pter _v. 1(?rrf!S! : of independ~nt judgment .(t.ABOFZ <;JODE, 'fJff;.,:'· 0--:"'1-/3_:f:· No..JJ3_4~8,Dec_em~~r?9,·.19_9.1)· _Althqug'h 2_19(f1?)). • · · .. ·-. . • · .., ·// !Ji':J:'i' ...-"1'...:_:;:~lJ.4~!~,~5~ h1TI1ts the 1n.ehs;i1b1l.1ty to Jq1n,_form a~d, . . . . . .· ·:. . . . . ... . ·. >?;;;:'' . . :"' ass1st-:-aJ:i~'. _l~b?r.. orgal')1Zat1on_· to man,ag·en?I ·. Saperv1sory Employees .May F.ormt~s;;lst, Joln,~:,,-q · etnployiE!f~ Jurisprudence has . extended this . a Labo( O.rganiza_.tlon_ ~- : : ., · ·: j'~\/J.::... , ,,. )~·""."'!:'\ prohib~loq .t5>· confid~r:!_tial e~_ployees.. cir )hos·e Sup·el".!1sory:employees. m~_Y form : ~~J~St)~~~1Jo1i;i.!=l. fJ who ~y ~~a~o.n, of their _p_os1t1ons._or. !'latur'~.. qf · .la~ot.,:o!garnzatior'l qn :their ;owlil~..and no.yviUJ:r fh~-0. wor1<jfuretteq~ire_d_t9_ass!st_or-act in a.fid.uc1~ry · 1,.\ rank-and-file ~~ployees· (!-ABJ).~O~!t3r:t·. 255);'. '>! !': ".1 m_!I_O.:l~~!.l?_T;.i:.~~Q~nal e_mp.lo~7es. ;:i~d,. h~nce,. ·.· . ·.· · . · .. -~~V,' :=:..-·'L;.~ ·-~~ ar~~,lift~W1,~e,~·P!:JW ·to· sens1t1ve_ and highly. . Note:·lt.is-the nature of the emplb.yee'~f£JT;1iH9n_saf.itfJ .,-! confideo!J~L\!ecords(Metro/ab .Industries; Inc .. .v. · not ..the, nomenclature or title yiveri;'Jn~ti(s1919-whic.f;{ · · 11,/ Roli:J<'!n:Confesor. G.R. Nb.· 1088~5, February, , _determin~~-. whether' hf:;'. h~~ 'a. :·rtrb_~\ <,1nd/)ile'.'tir. r.:.,1...,.,,.,28;'1996). . ·.. . . . ·. ,•. ·.. . . . . managenal ·staJµ;; (Engme.ef!n.g 'Eqµ1prneati.,.Jnc .. v. ,,_,,,,.,, , ,-·~ · ·. · · . ·· .· . . .. NJ,.RC, G,.R: No. 'L-59221, December i9f1.984),.,;,~:::'~.'"·'.A..;',Ne.t~he phrase "fn the field oflabot re)~tioni;• . . · · .· . : ·:.: · . . .. . . ' ·. • a .,.. me.ntion_ed.-in tM 2nrl . criteria· is ·;~~orta_flt.. I! .. The rank·~md-f1le· union .arid. the _sup~rvilsor~ni~m . . · s!res~s laQor nexus,. 1:e .. · confident1ahty of the ·. ·_opera.t,ng. :Wi.thin tne same establisti'rneiitmay join . . . position is .relatec:J. or. linked fq l~bor 'relalions . . the l,am:Ef federation. or ·fiati~maf ·union. (LABOR. .··:·matters.' :" . . C_ODE; Art.. 255):· ' . . . . · : ... : . Access to information which is -regarded· by the . ·' . employer to . bi3' confidential from. the busines.s'' 3.·. :CQnfidential"Empfoye~s ;assist and 'act l~~a· standpoint, "such as financlal information · :o'r{ . . ·Confidential , · Gapacily; . .'or·. ·have.· acc~SS to .· technical. trade. 'secrets,' wil(:· not render an . ,) · confidential. matte.r's of; pers'ons wh9 .exercise·. k. . . ,'manag'efiaj functions _iii the fielci . of.. laboremployee a confidential employe,e (San, Miguel . Corp. Supervisors. · and Exempt
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Eligibility .· of ·Foreigners to . · J_oin· · Labor Orga·ni:za~ion(PrinciJjte .of Reciprocity) Aliens· working in. the country wlt!J .valid permits issued by DO!-E may exercise .the r_ight to self-· .. · organization and join or asslst labor organizations of :TIT.LE. SIX: UNFAIR-LABOR ·. . . . . . PRACTICES ... their ' own . choosing for purposes of collective · bargaining; provided, that -said aliens ii're nationals Cl:tAPTER I_: CONCE;PT. Of a country ,WIJiCh grants.~he same orslmllar rights ·ARTIC.LE 258: · co~CEPT OF · UNFAIR LABO~ to Filipino-workers _(LABOR CODE, Arl. 284). PRACT.ICE AND . :PROC.EDURE- FOR. THE. , ..PROSECUTION THEREOF . . ·ReUgious·Object9rs . . Nature of Unfair Labcfr Practlcea: (12C3U) ·"('he-rfght of the members of the ·Iglesia. ni Kristo sect 1. · Are [nlrnlcal to .the legitimate interests of both · not to [oth a labor .unicn .for being· contrary to their . labor and manaqernent, inclycHng 'their right .to relig[oLj_s-.b~)[efs does not par 'members of that sect" bargain. collectivE;IY., and otherwise ideal. with· · . · from fmmi_ng· their '.own union. ttie recoqnition-of the · each oth~r.. in .an atmosphere of freedom arid ·. tenets orth·at-sect.'should notlnfrlnqe' on the basic: mutual.respect; ·. · · · · · rig_ht to seiforganization grantediby ~h~- Ccins~!ut~on 2. Dlsrupt [ndustrlal peace; . to woTker.s .reqardless . of_ . reliqious , afflhat,<:>n . . 3.: . £riminal"nffe_nses~againstthe State; ., (Kapf.lt1ron· sa Me_at and Can(lmg v. Ferrer-Call~._sl.===---=.=-4.,_,,, __y101ation· 'of .£ivil rights of both labor. and G.R. No -, 82914, June. 20, 1988). . . _,,,::.~ ..,-r · .,,- 'h ernent: · . . .: · . u J l~ l ~ .,,., .· ' . . . · ..- :_. · .. •· : · .... £"a, . ~--. . ~ . .!.5:v -~~late"tl:t,~ £onstitotional.. right of workers and In fa_~t, th~yca_n ~ote:fo~ No-Urnon../A '.3:.fe~-~~i~~=-:=-=--...,,_.. ._~Pb9,Y!31;!.tti self-frganization; anq_ · _ · .· · . _elecble 1.abor-man_agetnent·relations _organi~allon (Reyes v. ~ra1an95/3.ftJ;!J"':~.§_.M88;·--j'.(: - ·"'-(li:4.f.10..~;_c_df:t"i=~Art. ·258) .... ·: , .· · -. .
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J.!.. ,i:,)emeri· s ot~r(fai_rJ}~bo_r"Practice_: ·. · ARJ'ICLE, 2!.'!6:· · EFFECT /qi:: IN,CLUSJ~~ AS . .1.fif ~l~...SP:!.B b'}:'er-~~Rtbie&relationship betwee'n the ... MEJVIB~_RS OF. EMPL01E:_,,~~p·g)UTSlt_E T~'L_ T~[;·. . . offerJ'.der~n~ t!¥L~ff~nded;an~· . ·. .. ·BA~~AIN_l~G-UNJT_. · . }{ ,..-~ \1;~. /.' 111 ~~ct~one 1sjxpr~~S\¥ defiried m the c_ode.as an ·. The. 111clu~19n .a~ -.~mon. ·rv-~2Re~S'·of,- e"1ploy~~~m'.:m:U2:y{~ ac~,!:l unfair ;il:'rQ.np1actice(2 AZ_UCENA, ·supra. · 01Jt$1qe the:.b.ar~ainmg urn.t ~\1:i~Jl-',~oib~~~~j~~--,.,,.-Q[.2',Q,, : ,.- . ·. ..11 ~ • • • ' •• ••• • •• . _the c_anc;;~)Ja~1?n of thE} r!g1s.~at1op'f{ t/le\~~~\ ! /{",.:I,.··: · J~f.k · · . · . . . " empJoyees are. autor:nat1ea11yi:de~me~re~~fo.
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Note: If the violations are not gro.ss, it shall no longer . be· treated as ULP and shall be· resolved as grievances under the CBA (LABOR CODE, Art.
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~LP case}, are not, in view of the public tntere·st involved; subject lo compromise. The relation between capltat and labor are not merely contractual but are impressed. with public interest that'(CLJ_C labor" contracts must yield 1o the .eommon good · 0
E.G. Gochenqco Workers Unionv. NLRC,.-G.R.-No. L-67158, May 30, 1988) .... ·. . . .. . . :
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G.R. No. 12o4a2 January·27 1997:) ... 1
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·ARTICLE-259~ lJNFAIR LABOR PRACTICE o'F T_HE EMPLOYER _ . The .following are the ULP of Employers: (DIY~PaVi2~DisCo2) -~: _ .Qiscriminatf9n· t For . or. Against l,l_riion .. Membership; . 2. lnterterenc;e; · · i . yellow Dog Condition;' 4. f_aid Negotiation . . 5. Ylolatiori ofDuty-to B~rgaihi . 6. ·. ¥iqlation of C!3A; - . . . . . · ·. . .!-: ·: Qiscrimlnation_.Because·of Testimony; 8. &,ontraciing Out;·:,ind - -· . Q.ompany Unionism. (LABOR CODE, Art. 259).
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CHAPTER II. UNFAIR l,.ABOR PRACTICES'(ULP) OF EM Pt.:OY~RS · · ..
However, in another decision, the SC approved
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Discrimination· with regard to wa·ges, hours of ·. k d th t d · . ,wor ' . an o er . erms an . conditions of employment _in:· order". to · encouraqe or -discouraqe membership in · any labor orqanization (LABOR-,_C.ODE, Art. 259(e)). .
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A Ul.:P. charge allegec;:lly cornrnltted-durlnq a. g~v.eofP peti_oa_· _of time should 1n.ch.Jde -all -acts .£?f C1\ · • : ; · ... , COr(l'~ctt~d against any and all mem~rs'.oft~~).Jnfo\.t\,Jt(...,..:::.._ • .,..J,i,f~~w.ute _.an ~nfair labor .PTf:!Ctic~, .the durjng that period :::- no splitting·. of ca~~-a~t.·.action •, ~i · . . dis?rll'.11!n,~~on com0m.1tted by ·the employer must (Dione/a v, CIR G.R. No. L~18334'··.-A1.1gust 31/:-, , .be en re:garcl to the hire or tenure of emptoyrnent ..1963}.. .- ' · ·' · · · ·,. · . 1t\ · · ?r. an¥;Jt~ri\ and co.nditi9n of .employment to · · _ ., /./. ·f,:-:W?. t) .' _-. encoulia~f- o~'d.i$tourage membership .in-·.arfy
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-,:~-~i~n~Jlq~~fpl}enefi\s_ or pnvileges g1v~n to · one ·cS','.:n9JJ.,given · to the other, under· similar or .. _ . If • , • :·. ideoti~al conditions ~hen directed t'? er:icol,jrag'e _1 ..:,~~'~nts 5'nH,vy-"~9·_~,~!f~rs... · tJf7:;;:.;i~r .. d.1s~qurage urno~ . memberst)cp -_(LABOR· _pa(tic_,8~ted 9q1ti;!J;ior-1z~d -. ,.-.,-;_, ,:~_.:'?-\.f~ ,.
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?ffi,cers· _an~ . agents . _ . of em_ployer;· Or. . '. . .Labor . or!;lahizalion,
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E>iseriminatlon Dis~inguishe-d f~om cia~sifl~ati'on While discrlmination.-·is co'nsidered an ·unfair labor·.·· . practi.ce;:. Gl~ssiflci:l_tiQn '·iS- 'not .:because ·.jt'. .merely_· . ~lfferentiates the employees· in accotdance with tf'leir · .. . . respectiye _jobs a~d :accords .them. th·e "appropriati" .. _ levels pay or b~nefits due _them _by reason thereof. . ·
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B.eyor1cl . ra'asoh~ble ·,dciubf (sui:ije9l to. prosecl:Jtio_['J .and . . ,· . . . pl,Jnishrnent) · · ·
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. Dlscr:imin~tiori pr A9ainst · Union Members.h!P . . . · ,:est of Dis~ri~inati9.n: Wh~n_ f~e ·dischc;1rg-~·a:n. employee yvas motivated by his involyeme.r:it-with the··. union. Such- inference must be based on 'evid.ence direc_t o'r ci_rcumstaf!\ial, not upon suspicion
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·Exceptions: (M.ERC) i. Member.s of minority unions; ii. .l;_mployees expressly. excluded' by CBA · stipulation·s; · iii. Religious objectors; an~ ... iv.. ..£Ohfidential. ef!1pl9yees •(2 AZUCENA, supra al 356-357).
Valid Discrimination Union. Security Clause/ Security Arra.ngements·.: stipulations in the CBA requiring mem!Jership .in the contracting ·union as a con~lit(on for erppfoyment or retention o( employment i.n · the . company (2 AZUCENA"at345). . . . .
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Note: In terminating the employment of employee . by ento·rcing the. l;!nipn security_clause, the. employer . only n'eeds to detarmineand prove that: (ARED) a. · The unlonsecudty clause i,S·_8pplicable;. _ . b. The.unlen i~.Requesting for the enforcement' of the union security provision of th¢ CBA; c. There is sufficient !;vidence. to support· the · · unlon'sdectslon to expel the· employee. from the unlonr and . . . . . . . . 9. Thlf · employer must comply .. wit~ Que ·
Any dqubt. must be resolved agaii;istthe existence of· a: clo~ed-stiop ·agreement "(2'AZUCENA, supra at 354).. .
: b. · Union.Shop Agreement . Non-members may · te hired : but to· retain employment, they musrbecorne unlcn-members after a ·certain period: The requirement ~pj)lies lei present and future employees·(2 AZUCENA, . · : precess;" . . . . . . . supra·at:.346),. . ~ . . . . · i. .Notify... the employees . tha_t ... t~_r:~..,=--..:S • .. Preferential' Shop Ag.r'eerrient is an ·agreeme~t · .. di~missal is being r~quest~;.:,,bJ'''lhe.1i 1 .wt:i~E;bY the ·e~j::iloyer· 111e~ely aqrees. to .9!ve .. · union; and · · . · · · . ,;JP' · :J~~ . ·\\_;) .1-"tJ. p~~ter,,~~e:taflyjj,,.ay,s~1~ be~n~q--;::, t,(7°$_;-'fre~.sury ~floJ) 1~ an _agreement wher.~by llable'If it was remiss in. its dj.Jty_.,,tp~~'ccord.tHewoiJlEI(, "' m,:;;1B emijfoye_esmtlst.Ji\!}er join -the union ·or pay to be dismissed employees tti;~fr'llig~lto"~ei:M~~.:.~};>n~~~e/}»i9)\a~.e~c!~~ve:'bar.gaining agent a sum the_ . _matter (Malayang $~m~ry~,tiam.,,'";~~\ mJJ-~ij_. . ')f'rt e;i JIJo·thaj' ~al
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. _ , : - ' \:. , '-\~ . . ~-~~./-~?f1J.ote: ·,&1itl1s· 1~·-f.oireote9 agarns.t "free nder" Different Kin.ds"of Union Secu~~ Arr.~11.ge e6J.s't~r:J;'tnaJ,o/ees·w!).'o,beoefit from ·union activities · E>;ceptions to ULP. ;· on lnteif~rence=':'t:}fl..,, h'e:.:..:£l.:!-'~:-::~rt~o~4>n.,.,tfibu\jng supp.ort to the'.. union, ·to . Employees' ··Right .to Self-Organi.ia!io1:1?'@l:.lf;'A~-""·pt~~~t. f'VsJfuation of non-union members . BEM2) _ · . .. . ·· · . . . '.~;;: ()}. . j\.j« A..1:e.i)1jt~-efthemse(ve.s a~ the expen.se of union-·. : . a: ,£l~sed-Sh.?P Agreement ..... ~etii_bers (lq.). '..· • - · .· b. .Y,rnpnShop Agreement , .. · · c.. Rrefer.ential Shop Agreement . . .. ·Empl,oyeeamember~ of ·another/rival. ~nion- ·are d.: ·._8genc,:y Shop ,Agreem·~nt.or.fy.1~_intenance·of· not.considered free.rid.ers since wt'fen the onion . : Trec:isµryShop.·. . · · . . . · . . ·: . (agent)° .bigs ·to be: :the· :1:>tirgainfng:' agent,, if e:· ~ar'gain_ing.forMerribers Only·. voluntarily ··assumed· tht} ;_ Tespons.ib.ility. ·of· t' .§xclusive.. Bargc)ining Shop ·. . . ~eprese.n_fing ·'i:111 :.. t~e° . erriploye.es :· in . the·· _..g, · . M~int~_nance .. · of . ·. M:e.rnbership ·?hop: . appropiiate·l:l1:1rgaining unit (National Brewery & . : ·Agreen,ent;_ and_> . . ' . . Allied'lndu:;;tiies-LaborUnioi1of the PHL v..· San h. · Modified Union Shop_ (2 AZUGENA, supra at.· . , JA.igue{B.r~Wery/he:, GJ~: Ng. L-18170, August . 346). . ·31,-· 1"9.63)0'. . .
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. · ·a. : Closed-Shti_p.Agreerrier:it". _. . · · :: ·. .. It is an agreen:ierit.whereby a.n em.ployel binds ·• himself.to hire only members of the· contrading : . _.unl<;>n, Whc;> must-c;pntinue . .fo remairi:f.nem~ers iri · gqod ·standing to.keep. their jqbs· (2A?U.CENA, . supr_a at 347). ·. . . \·
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e.. Barg.aining f~r ).nembers Only provides that . · the uniori is reco'gniz.ed·as the bargaining agent" . ·. · · onlyfor its own membe(S (2AZUCENA,supra at . 346}. . . . · , . . . .. · . . . , . .. · , . ·.(· . Exdusiy'e· Bargairiin_g. Sl)op. provides ·that the . union is recognized as-the .exclusive barg;air\ing . . agent for all employees in ~e batga,ining unit; whether union· members or nqt 12· AZUCENA,· supra:at.3.46).
104 · J 201S SAN !;!EDA LAW CENTRAUZ.ED BAR OPERA TIQNS
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M·alnten·ance. of Membership . Shop Assocr.-NATU. v. The Insular Life Assurance Co.• )_td:, GR. No: L-252~1. January30,.1971). Agreem~nt-· .. . No ernplcyee.ls compelled to.joln the union, put all present . or future members must, as · a Examples: . . condltlon · of. employment remain· in good a. There is an outright arid unconcealed standing in the union ··(2 AZUCENA, supra at· · lntlrnidation by the ernptoyer. , 346). ·. . · · · b. . The employer . su.bjects· the employee to h ... Modified Union Shop provides . that the . questiol')ing regarding his/her participation employees who'. are not' union members-at the·. . in the' union -. In .order that· interrogation . 'ti.me 'of.s.lgning the contract need not join th'e. would riot be deemed coercive;'. . . . union, but. a·u the workers· hired thereafter must i. .. The employer must communicate to the join' (2_.AZVGE.NA,~~pia et 3"f6). · employee the purpose· of questioning; · . ·· ii. Assure hin{tbat·no-reprisi:il' would tal<e · Raqulrernente ·;oi ~ valid .Termination of the place; and '. -. . · -Employment under· Closed-Shop Agreement: .iii. (?b~aJn . .. . employee .. pa~icipation (DR-PAC) · .. ·:. ·. . . .. . . voluntarilY., . . . . c;1. . _It can · only be exercised f:fy . giving. the c. ' Th_e · · employer . shows, · .hostility -, to union employee hi~; ri_ght to' Que process: . - . . orqanlzatlon. . . . . . i. '.tie· employer. has ~ the righU_o satisfy d.. The employer expresses. his/heroplnlon in an . ··hii;ns.~I(that -there are sufficient· bases.,~ . lntlrnldatinq' manner. (2. AZUCENA, supra a{ 316., . · fpr. th¢ request ofthe union: and. ,.,_/;;)t ·: 320). .. . · · . · ·· . ·. ·ii.·: :r~i:dermination·:of the .services c;>ffir>e(;,:;\ . . . ... employee is not automatic uroA~.t.f.1e:, .,,:,'} The employer's refusal to .barqaln to its acts 'of .. re~u·est of th~. union. · : · :,? (; ·: ".{; ~;~_.,e.c
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Not.UlP: . . , An employer's steadfast' insistence to. exclude a particular substantive .provlslon from the union's proposal is no .different from a. bargaining _ representative's perseverance to include one that they deem ,::,f absolute necessity· (Union of Filipro Employeesy. Nestle PHL, tnc., G.R. Nos .. 158930•31', .March 3, 2008). ·
Yellow Dog Contract is. a p~-ornis~ exacted · workers as a condition of employment that they are _ not to belonq to, or attempt.to foster, a union· during : · their period of employment.' The typical yellow dog · contract contains the following provisions: · · · · .. A representation by the'em'ployee. that he is not .. . · a member of a laborunion: · · · : ·. · . · b: A promise by. the employee notto Join a labor . ·, union; arid · ·. . · . · c.. A promise· by the employee. that, upon joining a . labor union, ·he will· quit: his employment (2' AZUCENA, supra at 329). . .
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·. There i~ ~o,LJLP on the part of the employer because : . tts adamant insistence. on a. bargaini_ng· positjon .to. · the polht where tlie neqotiations.reach an impasse .. does· not establish bad faith, .It is but natural that at . neqotiations, management and.labor edoptposltlons . .or make .dernands' and
· 4.·. : Paid Negotiati.dn ·.· . ·. ·. · . · T 6 pay negotiation attorney's fe~s to the union or its officers. agents 'as part ofthe settlement .. · .. '•'qf any lssue in collective·bargainintf or enyotber · .... dispute (LABOR GODE, Art, 259(h)). .
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. 5. Violation of Duty Barqain .-Ri?'~ -;· there is ULP when the employer did not . It is. to violate the duty to bar;gain ·c9l~9tiv~~.as . ,t n Jt1b[Jfit.~nanswer to the bargaining proposals · prescribed.' by this ?ode. (LA~R..~f()Df, °7f."ffe,:;:;=-~-'--·:!-, ,~l!n[p9_)..G'~~eta/MillingCorporatio~.v. CA, G.R. 259(g)).. . ,,_._;,,,,!10. 14_..61'2~ ffeqr«ary_:1, ioo4J. . . · .
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. b.· Delaying· . r:iegotiatio.ns by ~l:l~'l9 .l.V.tl\._};i~~ployer. ·proceeds. to negotiate :With a · · . :unrelafed ma'\t1:1rs (2 AZUCENA,_ supra ·a'T'"~"'",. r.:;-:==--· 'splinter unkin· des·pite the existence ot' i,ts · .. " 4 {4); · . . . . . , . valid . CBA With tl)e . duly.·: ceffjfiea·.. and c. ·_ Engaging,in~u'rface."ar.gainln_g; ·e~crusive. - t;>argainfn!;l agent.·. (Employ~_es . , · .' · ,.·. Uniqrt· O~"·EfJayer PHl';,:FFW:· v. l;Jayer ·surf~ce Bargafoing ·i'n~ans goir:i~ th,r.ough·:, Philippines,··:., Inc., ·. G.R · · No. 162943, · the motions c,>f nego.tiating x,yithput' any )egal · Oeceinber 6; 2010).. . ihtentto. rea~h an agreem-e.nt:It in:vdlves the ... question of. whe.ther· or not fhe ·.employer's 6. · '{iolatlon .of-CBA·. . · · · . . . conduct.'qemonsti'afes.·a.n· u.n~illlngriess· to The viol.ation - niU,$t ·be_ gross,. flagrant· and/or. bargain ·rn. good faith ·or· is merely: hard :·malicious refuial to comply ..witti the." economic !)ar:9aining: · ($tandarp ... cliaiterep · ·a.ank · ·· · .. proyisions'Of-theCBA'(LABORCO_LJ~•.Art 274). Employ~e.s-Union:·v' .. Confesor, G.R ·. No. 114974; Jun'e 1.6;-2004); ahd. · ·. . . .· G(oss Violation of the CBA is defined as flagrant . . .. . . .. and/or. ·malicious. refusa1:by .a· party thereto to · . d. :'· Refusal" t~ make a. c~unt~r~pioposal to. the : . ·comply with the eG!'.>nomic: provision's thereo.f · - (FA~AP· v.· PAL, G..R. - No. 17{3083, July·· 22, . u·nion's · proposal .fqr. · 'CBA :·.n.eg·qtiation 2008): . . . ·(General. Milling Corp. v. · ·CA, G.R No. · . ·. 1'46728, Fe_br.uary11~ 2_004);.'
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If what violated, therefore, 'is a non-economtc . or a political provision of the CBA, the same shall not be coasldered as. Ul:.P and. rnay .thus be ·. processed 'as a grievable issue in .accordance with arid .follo',VJng 'the griev.c,1nc~·machinery· laid . . .down ii) the·CE}.A. (CH!W, Pre-week Notes. on·
Labo/Law, {201'6) p.77).
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Company-Dcmlnatlon 'of Union means to initiate, dominate, assist or otherwise interfere with the formation or' administration of any labor orqanization, induding. the giving of-financial or other support-to it or lts.orqanlzers or supporters (LABOR CODE; Art. 259(d))'. .
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Forms: . a. Initiation of the. company union idea·..,. this may occur by; . · · i. Outright formation. by employer or his ' the.CSA . . .: · , , .·· ·.·. : . · . representatives . ·. . ii. · Employee formation or _oµt@ht demand 1... , 6i~cri~in~tion Be~µ~e. (?_f -T~stitn~ny. . or lnfluerrce byemployertor ">. ·, ··.. '. prejL1diye:or To dismiss, discl:lar.ge oro.therwise · ii[. Manaqerially-motlvated ..: formation ·by dis.e.riminate ·an ern.ploye.e who i~,abo.ut to give employees (2 AZU~ENA,··s4pra at 335);, or,has.giv~n .a testimony uhder,the L,.abot Cocle b.. Financial support· to· the union - whenthe. employer: . . . . . ·...... . .-· ... (LABQR QOOE: -~rt 259(f)).. . , . 1 • . i. Defrays union expensesjor . ' {[abor.sta~·d~rc!~·ar~·~.idlated and.the employer ii. Pays attorney's fees.to the attorneywho · . _ does. -not ·.retali_ate:. under- Art: 1.1 S :a~ainst 1~F(..,}r drafted the constttuttorrorby laws of the ._: employees y~ho reported the violations, the~.:isf /., :\· union (i AZUCENA,supra at ..335): · · _ no .ULF5 (? AZUCENA,s_upraat 36.1) .._ ·. \. j· c. Employer encouragement and: assistance .; . . . . ._ · · . . . . . .• · '•I i. ,,.,::-:,;-,[,_,:;- ...~, lmlJ!.fil.?iately granting excluslverecognltion ·Note: .This ls the. pnly lJ..LP not req·uireq;~b~ )f)~::..,,;:::.,'.;~-,..~~-l?~rgainin~ aqent without defermioing · .. related .to .. e~ploye·e•s ..exercise: o!)~~;;ng~t. to\··. ~'Whel?,'.er th~ union represe~ts majority of the · self-orqanizatlon · and· Cbllect1ye ·);E!arga,rnng!\,, ..,·i . emP.fo2!'les (2 AZUCEN.A, supre a( 3~6); ·· (Phi(c?_"!'. . ~mployees,' ynton : G_1)bi/1>--]_! . d. . S~¥eflVl~?I)' ; .Assi~t-:nc~: .. -:: ... Sol\c(t~pg .Communications, G.R .. flfo. tjAJ~1,5/)uty {7, i ~ r!J~ITl~er~h,p; permitting UQIOn · act_1.v1t1.es .. 2006);· · · . · .. · ·: <;i~rinij wo)!<. time or coe.rcing en:i~Jo_yees lo 11 }o~~~tJ:~·~~ion_._by:threats. o~ d1~m1~sal or .Em~l9yefs ~che~~-Of ln~\f.llJ~.;ohTs.~~~plo~J, ,,.f -~\~e':ffp~9Jl.tJf.?lrittppmeAm~nca'!' q,gar. &_ · to Sl!;J_n an affidavit absolv1n?..,l:11rnf't-5>m;_~os~,.~Jf~· ~G1ga£f!-tte~~_ctoryw_ort<ers Union v. .PHL . violahons -.of the _ L_ab~r _Co~e{'t~:~n"~~tuall~ .. Amencan C1gf!r- & C1gare.ff?.Mfg. Cq., Inc., . ·.a~a!ogous ·· to · d_1scnmmat1or:i,.1.. Reca!.J~e. of; J··.;_;;---:;;-.,___ G~. No. .L-18~64;Fe.bruary~8, 1.963).·.... , . test1mo~~.(Mabeza v. NLRC,·G.R,,J}J.o,,£1!18506!.-,.~~·;·;;,•,:...•.,., ::-::,.....:-,:,,, . ,.. ·. . .. April 18, 1f?97). · . . . . · .. )''-(. ·.·,(.'~---·'=·~~~ome-circams!anc~s sho~mgU:iat.~ labor. urno.n is_ . company-dominated:_ · · . ., . , · , ·_ . : . . _&. ;- Conttactlng'Ou..t means.to:contracfo1:!~~1ces · · a. When several employe~s · Vl{~re forced t;>y , .. or: fuf)etion·s.-being·. pen'orrned by ·u.njon ~.embers . officers of the· co.mpariy inlo ·JoiAing·a··uhjon;. ;:: . . · .. when such wi1Hntef1er.e. witli, restrain qr.co.er¢e· b. That'-rio ·rneml;>er _o('Jhat uriion··Jfad 'been · . · employees in :the: exercise of.,the~r right t<:> :elfdisrniS$ed by· ·the. · ~omp·any ·despite, its· : · organization (LABOR CODE,Art. ?59(c)). . allege.d,retrenchmerit pol_i.cy, ·which res~lte.d.: :.. · . · in .the dismissal of. the qther·.e!llployees who: · ·. Outspor~liig I~ ri~t per·se:,1,1i.P . _ . w~re. officers· and, rnernbers. · of· ·another , Conditions for.:valid oi.itsourdng:. . .'union; and . . a. Motivate~lby go.q<;l .faitb; c. · That . after said drsmiss'als, the: company . · I?. · Musf oot·.h~~e. :_beie·n· re$orte~ ·to circumvent engaged tl]e. ser:vices :-c:if, seii~r.~t laborers· .. . : .. the law. or:m.ost. r19t .haye · be.en the resul.t. of . .... (Oceani
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phrase ."grossly v\olatew is an a!llendment by R.A., No: 6715. H.e.nce, if.the violation is· not . gro.ss, It.is not l)LP but only a grie.vant:e under
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· . Company ·qu,s.umbing,<3:R. No>t27598, · · · · . January 27, 1999).. . . .. . . . · : N.ote:. All . the aforementioned . . . .. . . . Ho~ev~ri,the. ·iaw o~ :~nfai~ i~b<;>r .prac~1ce·~ is .n.ot.. · int~iided .to deiprive ,employers of their f1;1nd,an,ental righ_t to presc_rib¢. an~ ·enforce such: rules as· they· ·h.onestly l::leliev~ ·to ·be ·Ae.cessriry. _to. the proper, . :· productive an~ profitable .operation o~ their business .
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acts must. h~ive 'a . ·. relatidn to the .employees' 'exercise <;>f the./r right tq . ~elf-organization. If 'this connec,\ion is>abserit; th.e ,.-. contentions of ULP n1ay be reject~d as basefess and · irreleva~t (:? f,ZUCENA,sup;a at 206). ·
(Phi/com. Ef7!p1oyees · Union · v.. P!lil. · GlolJal ·. Communication, G.R.):-Jo: 1~4315, July 17-:2006).
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4. · To cause dr attempt to cause an ·employ.erto pay or d.eliver or agree ~o pay or deliver·any money. ·or. other things of v_alue · in-. the ·nature· of. an · .sxaction, for SSIV!C~s. which are not performed . ,or not to be performed. Including the ·demand.for · a fe~ for union negotiations; · . . . _.7, '2009)·. Feathertiedding:(make-work agrrtements) is a The enumeration of ULP is not exclusi.ve 'because term given to ernptoyee ·practices -'Which create ~rt: 27 4 considers gross violafjons ofthe CBA as a or· spread . ernployrnen] · by· unnecessarily . · . · ULP: At the· same time, Art. 278(c) considers "urilon , · rnalntalninq · or. increasing,· the number of . . busting" as a ULP: . . ,: emptoyees .used, the.. amount of . time . · ·,.: consumed, to .work 'on . a 'particular . Job :_ (2 · CHAPTER Ill: UNFAIR LABOR PRACTlf:ES OF .AZUCENA, $Upra 'at 372). · t..J.:so~ <;)RG~NIZATIONs· · · · ·· . . · · · · .. ... . . 5. To:~sk for qr ·atcepf negotiatio·,:i.:o~ aftorney's . ARTICLE 26.f): UNFAl~.LABOR PRACTIGES OF ,· e-, • fees ftom-ernpJoyer~ as partofthe settlement of .. "LABOR ·ORGANIZATIONS· • . , .. any Issue il:r colleytive tSargaini!lg. or· any other The following -acts a~e the ULPs "ot La~Q.L=~.,. dispute; . ·.. · · . . .. ... ... _· ·.. · Or~at:,lzati.on~:.. (RDV-EAG) .. · . _: ~7~-Tf l .f~rossly, violate a._ collectlve 'bargaining. 1·, :· ·10,Bestram.br coerce employees J~lf~ex~s~1se I\J aw~~~~t (LABOR CQDE,. Art: 2~0). . . . · · of their righi--tc:, self-organizat~9ri~.~'\v.e,~e$.~-----=:~:,,;;
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. fn t),e absence of an:.agree.ment·or other' voluntary ' arrangement . providing. ·for a: mote e:Xpedltious · ·manner of coll19cti.ve ·bargaining, it shall tie thE! duty of. the. employer· and .. the. [epresehtatives of the emP.loyees to ba'rgain collectively ·(LABOR. CODE, Art.}62).. .. . . · :. · . .· ·. ·. . :
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.BARGAiNING, ,!\G'RE~·MENT
TffLE··seveN: cou.acnve BARG.AINING ·ANo· ADMINISTRATION O.F AGREEMENTS. . .. . ,. . . . : . · .· P.urpo.se of Collective ·Bargaining . DE~~ARAl'ION OF POLICY· . · . It 'is ' one· of .the democratic 'frameworks under the . !tis the policy ofthe S.tateto promote emphasize ·. · . Labo{· Code, ·.designed· to stabilize the relation theprimacy of free and responsible exercise of the' . . . between labor and ·ma'nagem-ent· and-..to: create .a right to.aejf-orqanlzation .and. coltecuve barqaininq.: . . . climate of sourid and. stable industrial peace .. It)~ ·a · ajther through sing'le enterprise 1avei' ':~gqtiations·or· · . mut_ual ·n~sponsi_bll)ty of the employer: and the Union thrq~gh the. creation of a. rnecbanlsm ·1;iy whicl') . and is charad~rized as. a legal_.oblig~\ion (Kir;k toy ... · differerit employer and recognized or ce,rti{ied labor- .· · .. y. Nl:.RC, G.R. No,.. L-54334,. January-?2,'1!;!86): union .'in their.. establishments · bargain· collectively· · · · · · · .. · · (/RR of the. _LABO~ C.ODE, Book y, ·Rule XVI,.Sep. -Jurtsdlctlonaf : Prec:o~ditio.ns :fo.r .: ·c~llective··. 1, as amended qy D.0. No. 40-03). Bargaining/ -R.equis.ites of Collective-, Ba~g·ail'.llr'ig . , (MPD) '. . . . . . .. . . . . ·.., ·. . , . . . Colle~ti·v~ Barg;:.ining· Agreement' refers. to the ~A:)': 1. Possession' · '(?1 . :the · status-, of . .''Majority . : contract between. a legitimate labor union .an_d ;:2} ~epr§%eritation by the 'e.mployee·s·representat!ve . · employer concernmq wagers; l:iour-; of work, and·,allf.i ':,th·· in accordance.w1th·any·gfthe-means of selection · other. term-,s and conditions employment' !Qi~,'~'',.,.~ · .. or .desi_gnatio·n provided for by·the Labor Code; · . . ba~g:;ilning uniqn. (IRR'.ofthe LAB(?~ CODE, B_,~o_if'.·;;:~11!-,/:·:·/f{oof ot-~ajorJty.represent~tion.{C.~rtification of ~-: V, Rule I; -sec. 1 (j), as am·f!nded by!). 0. 'No.1;g;.oa):'. that- the representatlve . of . the ·ernploy.e~~ is the sole and exclusi-ye bars;iafning .~t· ARTIClE 261: PROCEDURE 'IN CO(!;ECTIVt:;dagent haY1ig won.in a certitication ele<::tion);-and '{' BARGAINJN.G. . . . .' . . ·. .'\."h{1 :: .. ,Y°"'j.•\ 3·. Qema?Jl ~~\bargain under Article 261 (a) of the \ ·:· · : .. . _.· .· · ,// ~(~Y ·. Lab9rrco:de~(Kiok {-oy v.· NLRC, G:R. No. L-, ii.!. · ARTl<;LE : 262: · · DUTV: ...<,'fief.' · "i;J~itGA1~1L,-. · 543~~. Jqriua6Y 22; 1986): .· : ·. · . i;-!i 1}... COLLECTIVELY . IN. . THE<w·ABSJ=..!J~E- · OF"\\ . 1.";t " · ./! . fl · · \'·. , ·. _ . . . . .. . . , COLLECTIVE.BARGAINING1 ~-? .kH --~~';,; _. -~~~~ij~'I§~gain _ coll~c~ively· aris.es o~ly ., . · · · . .. · . ~-'. . .:9·'"}.. '"\J. betw~enJ.11.e.,emp[oyer and its -~fTlployee. Where J·: ARTl~LE ,263: MEAN ING OF l;>Ulff..'.'..l;O·B~~GAl,a . rieither Rc!rtY is ar:i "employer" flOr.·an "employee• . t·· COLL.ECTIVELY . · ; · ..!!~, I' .. '!.j . . ... ·l'rr.~~of..the-:' other,, flO such. duty .W<;)Uld ~xist ·(f.ilied .. [.:. . .· , . - · · · , '. · u;>,?,-· .. ,. . ,. _,..;; ,1if!.'!i~~f.f~-W.orkers'. -Union v. Compania Maritiina, t ARTlgLE _ ;264:: -DUTY T0·<:.1SB~~'A.JN~··<~·~~.. ~<-:"'G~Rl:--Nos .. ~-22951-52, Jar.wary 31, 1967), ... 11.'. ·COLLl=CTIYELY.. .Wt:tEN:: TH~RE: ~~ijXIST;S,i A . . . ... ~?1,;.L!=C_,:tyE~-~GAIN_INGAGRl=~ME~h,). ·~ · ~ Not~:.Wh.ere a-~ajority.repr:e~~nta.ti.vehiJs.been.· A .. designated;: it is a ULP ·the e_mployer., 'as··.a Bargain C~·jh~~ti~ely an· obligatfon to · refusal ~of.. collective· bargai~ing, to.. deal and . ·r,;eet and,. coi)yene promptly and ·.ekpeditiously iO:. -negotiate witf{the minority representative to 'the I.· · g()().d ·.'faith -:fcl.r ·the purpose .of, negotiatii'ig arr·... exclusion ·.of t.he· majority .fepres~ntativ.e. ?i1 · ag'r.e.e:mentwi\h ~~spect to w~~e~; h_our;$of Wm.I< arid.. . .· . .AZIJCENA,·supra at 3!J'1). . .: · ·. . . ' . all other. t~r:m.s. ;3nd cond1t1ons· ot.,.emplo~ent Certification Y·ear . in'cluding propos'f11s for adjy~Hng.any_ grl~vances or. ,1f the jurlsdict1onal preconditions are present; the.' · ·qi.JeSl!OJ'1S . ariSirJg ... under si:Jch- . agreement · and . C.Qllectiv~ ·bargaining spoulci begi:n. Within th.Et- 12 .· _eiecuting .a 9,ontra~t incori:ie1rating·s.uc'1 agre~_ments· . months following the de.terminatiori·and cerHficatio.n if requested by either party bl.it such .dufy·cJoes not. -the employee's· . ~xclusive<.:·: 'oa'i-gain'ii-19 . compel any·.pprty.to ag'ree,.to a'proposalorto make . repre~entativ~. This . ·pefiod is . known.· . as. 'the .·. ~ny-con'i::ession (LABOR CODE,·Arl. 2(,3). · ·. · ' "c~rtification year" (2 AZUCENA,. !?U{Jr.a 3.82)'. · . ~~·~ . . . . . . . . ·. : . . .. . .. : ... • : . . . . . .· . .. ,: . . '•' .·. When the.re is·a coll~ctive barga·i·ning agreement;·the Note:. Absent linµs~ai circu~~tan~es·, an· empl~yer ):luty··to b(:!rgc;i1n collectively 'shall also mean that ·commits ULP by refusing to:bargairi with:the union . n'either party·' $hall te@in~te'. nor : modify such' . duri.ng. the .'ce.rtificati9,n yeifr,. nofwithiitandh·ig the . agreement during·. its lifetime (LA~OR '<;;ODE;'Art,. . 264):. . '. . . . . : : .. . repudiation of: the·· union by · ·a· n'ia]ority ·of- · its ' ·. ' . en,ploy~es before expiration.of. the 1 .year perio¢·(2 . ~ZUCENA, supra at 382):. · :.· .. : .'.
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. . 10. Work rules and· regulations: · 11. Rent of company houses .(2 AZUCENA; supra at . 398-399);
. 1. Particu·1a'r1y. · 1. May overlook .:' the . . advantageous -to needs' ·:of . various . · both ·. side~r . in· 'employee__ gr9i.ip·s·.. · ', · 1ndustries . : composed of many 2. · May igr:iore·particular· small, . financially .. ·. requirements t.. . • pf . weak en_,pl~yersi i!'.)divldual e_mployers;
. · 12. Grievance rnachlnery; .13. Voluntary· arbitration; 14 .. No stnke-rro lockoutclause: 15. Labor mana_gement council ( (;HAN_, Labor. Law Reviewer (201.6), Ch. 7); and · .· 16. Provision against Drug· Use in'.Workplace (R.A. 9165, Sec. 49): · · · · · · · · J
· (In . s~ch. indu.stri_es.· 3. · May res~tt to. non-, ' ' major'benefit·prcigrain' : •.. uniforrr:ii~y 'of costs such· . as. health. -or . 'since what may' be._. penslorrplans.jnay be . rea:ci'ily accegtable to' adopted' In . a . rnultl. one· Ti.mi n'lay·_·.· b.e . employer. \.1n}t which · disastrous· . · · ·' to . would · .be:: difficult: to. .. . another." · . . .. ,
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· ~~:~r:~~~lq~e?ough· .4 .. ~rri~eJ~~i~: sut>jects of ~argaining; · bargainmg. . . . .. . . emploYf0\..t~ rz Gfos)~jofutton·_pf the CBA; and .. . . . · · . ., ·. :· _ . _awe~en~ is .!J!,v.ch . C"l:aJklre.gp,}.~fusal -to- meet and convene (2 2. Provldesr · b?th . m~~©}ffiy~,ffia':!;,!,9... ·--=--,..,_,...,AZUSB~~"slfpJ,iat.386-387). · : ·· : manaqement .· ~~cf. ~ . e ,tsjl'fgJe.-. . .-$, s» -..,_\' ,~ :;..~;'l, . . ' . .. . . u!1io!1s _ .:_ .' · . w_1th:: · .. 0Fl'IP_2J~r·co~t,acts._]P: ~. ··Jtte: Violal,'~ids. o.~ the col!ec1iv~. ,bargaini~g· s1g~1ficant .co~t · 'fl H. · 'Jl,~ agre'emEtnt, e' o~p;t) t~ose which · are gross m · savin~s. · · , · m /11-..,,.,. { t_--:-:-= -1{Pifi'ara.ct'.'ej,· shall ~~.J.m11~er.tie treated as 13~ -unfair n:lgob.ation of labor ,~ ""1'.l\}: -~ Pf~Ctice,b~t'· a~Ai grievanc:e Lin,der th~ CBA · agreement~'. . . · · ' . . ~ ... · ,~~f;!ABOiJ CODE,;t,-4.,.t.•~ll'.4; Si/y
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·ReQist~atlqn ~equire~~_nts~(j) 1· ··.;~\ . .·. ~-., The original and 2. duphcate ~OJ?!eS C?f:~e~itti~l,P~ ~~~9ace!iargainJng is gomg.th_l'9ugt,the_motion must be'vedfied u"nder'oa~h·br.~~e'rep'{Se~~~i~tli..~I ~ynegitiating·.~ithc;,ut any__ legal· int~n~. to. reach of the emp_loyer(s) and. u,nion(~ftion.cem~ '(·\~f .--:-n'."\r"-ah- )t'Qr~ement".· (Standard C(larlere.d Bank .. 1: CBA; . . · , · · . ;~ :··. ·~ ·~..;,..~~m'pfotfJ~~Amon v. c;onfesor,. G.R.. ·No.·. 2.· · A, stat~me·nt th.at· colle~~e . ,_Jle~~A~ll9_:~=-~· -1r1i~4,)_µpe16, 2004); ·. . .. · · . _: · . agr~~ment was post~d.m_-at.J.east_~cpA~g19-t1,?us.·"f\· ·/r 12...\~s,~tf!t-afism ...,._occurs: ,~ . · .. · pla~¢s 'ir1dfie estal:;>li~hnien.t ~r: _es~h~e~ts . .lV.l~~a-.,:--=Wh~11.t~e,-emp.loyer .di:ectly. Mr~ain~. Wit~ ·. c.onc·ernect·.- for ·at· 1east 5 d~y~ :bef9:_e""=!t~~ · the-employee disregarding the µoi9n. . .. . · ratification; arid· .. :.·~ ·. ··. . .. :_ . · . b . Wh.e.n.. the aim was· tb deaf with tf,e .union·-· 3.. · A· s,t.atem:ent th.at .' the t:oll~~t,_ye·... b~r~a,1ning •. · thr~~gh .the. ·emplo.yees,ra:ner than._wi,tn the· ··agreement·wa_s .r~tified.by tf'.i13:ma1onty pf.-lh_e_ .. employee~:through.the u"uon. ··... . . employees in the'.bargaining ·unit of th~- .employer c. · -W.he'n··.the- .employer- submits its pr9po.sc\ls · . ·.
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· ... ~ · · M~~da~Qry P~~visioiis.of-th~_CBA 1, · ·w.ages; · · · · 2.. Hours of'l.vork; 3. Vaca.tlons and H(?l.ic!ays; 4. : Borius.es~· · . : . Pensron~ and retirement plans~ 6. Seniority'; 7. · Tfan~er; .·. 8. L~Y,~offs; . .. · 9.. Employee_ \/V.orkloads;·
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. An emplqyer·.has peen .hel.d ~not ~uilty of :e~us~I ~o b~rgain by:adamantly rej~cting.the union's ~con9~1c. . demands. where he is ,'operatin_g at aJoss·,. on a low· · profit margin, ?r in a ·dep_r~s~_ed indu~~'Y.· as long· ~s. · he continues to . negotiate. But ·fii:,;mc1al. ha~dsh1p constitutes- no: ex(:use for refu,sing. : to b_argain . : coll}~ctively (2 ~UCENA~ supraat 391).
LAW CEN!RALl~.ED· S~R OPERATIONS ·.
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LABOR RELATIONS;o,p
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! · Th1s. is' the process whereby a labor organization f/
absorbs another, resultinq in th~ cessatlon .of the absorbed labor -orqanlzatlon's · existence . and the· "'.t ·. continued . existence · of the . -absorbing labor f .· organization; .e.q, \Vh·en: ·1·. company is sold, to . 1·- another, In such· case,'}he duty to· bargain whlch · ~t_ origirJally devolves -, upon .-the selling· · party is r_. transferred to the·buyirig entity {2.AZUCENA, supra· ,,:-.·at 211).: : , . . . . ,. · ·. . · · . ~
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Selling· the. Company: Duty of the-Transferor ·. · L '.Gen~r;il · Rule: Wbea an employer .wjth an existing f. ·. CBA_- is -:s.ucceed(;ld · 9y' _a_n.other. e~plqyer, .'t~.e·.. · · ..,'\' · successor-in-Interest ,who rs a. buyer in good faith . • has ·no· liability: to the employees· in continuing· · employment : the- .. collective· bargaining ~'- agreement because ttiese contracts. .are in ) . · person.am.(Ferna.ndoy.: t,ng_at Labor Un/on, G.R. ~ · · N,o.·L--17896, May.30; 1962): . . · .r::.,.,,-;:':\ J,l~. . ... ·. .,,. , .;1
and . ·.
3.' ·-Refusal to bargain during period oflllegat'strike; 4·_ . There is no request for bargaining; 5. Uni9n seeks recognition. tor ·an .inappropriately· 19rge .unit; . · .. . 6. · Union seeks to represent some persons who are exclude(,1 from the Code;· . · 7. The rank-anc;l-flle union includes supervisors; 8. Th~ demand .fot recognition and· bargaining is made within the year following ·a· · c~rtification ele.ctio·nin which. the.clear cho_ice was µno unior( . and no ad. interim significant chang13 has taken place in the unit; and. .. .•·. ·. . . . I. 9: The. 'union makes unlawfuJ·bc;1rgalning,demands · . (2 AZ.l;JCENA, supra·at-392~_394):· ·: . Bargaining to
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Point-of Deadlock o~1mpasse: '3ad_ Faith .. . . . . . 1. : Over a mandatory subject - pc1rty' may _insist. on bar.gaitilng . and will . not be ~bnstru~d as bargaining in bad faith: . . . . ,
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-=xce~tions:. · ·. .. : · . Rea.son: Duty ta.barga_in·require~.ri,e~tj~g ~n~. 1_ When · the successor-in-interest . expre'.sMy-'.'.''..j;\ convening on the terms' and condltlons of assumes the obligation; · : ·.. .· ';': /' , , ', · · :/.-·c:,...employM~nt1:iut does not recjuire assent to the 2. - The sale ls a device ~o circum,v~At the ?blir,,§lffo(;_,,;:Y '._S~:~h,E;Jr-.if~i:t'f's proposals. . . : · · · 3 .. The- sale. or transfer IS. made ln'bad f!=lttif,or . - '.'y 1.t 4. When there is abona fide· sale J?.~·(:f11y of. th~r.-:·a!'~ · 2. Over a ,,fi~:n-mandafory subject _.._ 'party may.' . . f?llowlng circu.ms~~nce?ar~. pre~ep~~-~1.C~A},y-, . . not insj,§tfoll-,.~a~gaining to_the peint of .i~p~~s~_. . 7··_. . . a. ·.Whe_re_.the:tratls~~t10_1.~.molJ.!-'l!.'s•t~~-er;ger·or 1 . [i· ·. · other,rlse1 h,1w1ll be coostrued.a_s bargammg m · .. -corisohdation: . , >~:fY · ,IJ~· :::,.,.·· ·ir~} bad @1th ~2 A~UCENA1 s~p~ at 405). , ·.. . , · b. . Transfer of !3s~_ets ai:il'.f:--~mplO'~e~s leave~:.'\ t~.'I\ · · .· // · Ji ·. ~ .· · · . ·. · ·,intcict !he.!de~tityoflti~J?r,~E>Yfrii'f~~sin'e~s.;.:: ·.- II] lll~sfr~Wi5i;1~}~'iW,;'.;f~loyer'~ insist_ence: tlrat_ ~e ., · ~:· .. · e. Wher~ !he pu_r~haser m:~9j\~s,1on1,11ltfj . : : unmn shocil.d:'..Qllil9-ge.1tsn~_~o~1~tor.betor:ebarga1.')1~g ~· 1h~ · .transferring . corpot~'Ji'~:.:.AA<\eva.de ... F •! can pr.oceed to the emJ?loyees' ~~ge and.be.n~_f1ts:1s r~si:io~sib}l\tY .to· barg·ain wit~ e.f11pJoye&s · 11;.a,t:l-.-jnst~~ce qt bad .ra,lth ~ar~ai~in_g b~c;.aus:e the· (sale m bao:.fc.~1t~); . . . ·. •-i!i!plied: · Hence, if Party A. i_nsists first :s~ttling 'a non<, . Agreement. (2 · AZUCENA, stipra:tit.:3#9mandatory subfeW befo(e·. _tackl.ing . ~ . mandatq_ry_·'. · ·-~39!), · : · · · · subject,.P.arty e may cqinplaih thf;!t Party.A's po${Ore · ~ · · · · · · · . is:: jus_t .: an excuse tO· avOld- bargaining .on lh8·. {:;' . l~ck, ~ni·ear~~t F{u\e {~i~k L~y· RliHng)_. '. . mandatory, es.senti~I subjects' of. bargaining';: tl:lus, r;s . Under this rule·; .the CBA propose9 by-the,uriion may · Party B can ch.arge'that Party.A is b~rgaining -in bad ~.~. be. imposed loci( stock and .barrel on lh_e' emP:!oyer faith 'or-' is evading bargaining oh·.. terms · and . who refused to. 'n'egotiate'·t;:1Ct;3A: The employer wlio . . c9n'ditions of _'.employme·nt...:....in· short:· :party· A is f. ' vjplates:. th~ _duty ··to. bargain._'collt:1ctiVely, -1.o~e!? its . ·.. committin$ ULP {2 At_uc;·ENA,·supraat:405).·.:. f : · statutory right.to· negoti'ate.pr· renegotia~e-the terms · · Note·:\ivhat the ;ure·torbicts -is t.he,postureof m·~J
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. ·...... . No petition questioning ttie·majority status of the incumbent b_argaining agen't shall be entertained and _no c_ertificalion el.ectfon shall be condueted by the . _ DOLE . outside the· ,60-day periap imtnediately prior to t~e expiratior'l"of such 5 y~ar term of the <;:BA. _ . . . . .. . . '· 2. With respect to all o_th~r provisions (e_conomic . arid . ·no_n-ec,onomia '• .ot_her '.. tha.n. · representatiqn~I), · of Jhe · CBA, it . shall - be renegotiated not _later than 3 -years after . its _execution'.(L/\BOR COQ~, Art 2'(,p).
· Deadlock does not mean the end of bargainfng: It sign~ls the need·to contin~e the.-ba_rgaining wi.th the assistance of a third pa~y. as conciliator or arbitrato'i·. · . who~e .first' aim is to gel the parties to negotiate (2 AZU.OENA;'supra at 407). .
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Re,ned.ies.. in : Case of a Deadlock· . in the Renegotiation of tl:te.CBA . The parties mayexercise the· following: (Nt,.SL) · · 1 .. · pall upon the MCMB to mtervene for the purpose · ·:·:of conductinq conclllatlon preventive mediation: 2, . 'Refer .the matter fpr voluntary ~rbitratiQn or · compulsory arbitration (D:O. No. ,40-'03, Rule · · -XX/I; Ser:;. f));" 0r: · · ' 3. Declare a. Strike· or Lockout· upon cornpflance ·:' ,: witt,l. the legal requirenients·. This:is the remedy . of last resort (/RR .of the LABOR·CODE; B'ookV, · ···Rule XXU, Ser.;. 7, a$'.arriei,qed by D.Q. 40~ ·-.
Freedom! Period. is the 60-day. pe~ipd immediately : preced!_i1g·fhe ~Xpiratidn·of the· represeniation period · of..5 yei:jrs in ~he CBA (2 A_Z.UCENA-,.supra at .J79).
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. Wt'rat. may be done. ·d~'ring, 60-~day·. ·freEiddm. . perl·od:·_(D1ET) ... · .. · . . . . . 03) ..-; . - · .. . · · : · .. , Jab()r. u~ion may _Dis8:ffiliate_ from· the_ mother . ., , ·· · · · · ~,._. · 'j ;· · "' · _ 'i:l_n1Qn to form a local ·ar mdependent union only . · Ge~iral Rule_:When;,t1J.er!3 is ·an ~xistjtief.'c8~4ti:i~ j'\/dqrin'f~~:;6o_~day fr~_ed?m. period. immediat~ly. · do~y to bargain. colle(?tive!Y· :shallt,1.~0~a.o_l1l,~t~=::=~,;ffeec~d[J;1~th~ ,?xpiratlon of the. -·CBA _ (2 . . neither . party shall terminate . mG;91!}!,1PSU.G_h . • . .'A~lt_eENIJ.\~IJPraat 207); . . . . . . ... .. a.. . agreement _during its _lifetime. l!r,1:r''tl'lftjJJ.JW,£..tbelh""-'T~~·b..J?~li\i'?b~for ·~-~rtif[cation'J;lec_tio~ may b.e flled · parties te: · ·. - . . · - . ''4s:_r' ~"'o· 'Lf' . · · · ·(2 at· ,2791· · • T--,,__.f a, ?ff 1!'J) "'if' . . "'-"'T · AZuG~MA~tc:u.ora c~S:'"' ·'!&'" ·1, · I• · - . - : .· · ·, '_1.·, 'Keep th.e sta.tus quo; and/' . -'':/_ · fil .. ir ·;a.\. E.ith~/ pa~( :can1setve _ a ~ritten. .notice to · . 2'.. ··To continue m the full fa~~-~ and;~ff(?ct.theterms· 'tl · · .. Ier . mate.\0~1fythe agreementat)e~st 6.O . and conditions.of the extst!!j~'GBA. .: P--.., ~ys ·.'Ptior\tg:..:.J.tfteipirati_on p~r-i:?ci ·(on. re.tr.;' #'.C:i)eg9t1~ble/n~>n~repr~se_nJ~tl9.~al aspect of .the __ .Exc.eP!•on: . .Dunr:i!J. th_e ~o d~~-Yt~~nod _e..\!.~r. to .~_t ·,"1'.JSJJJIJI'.,i::) . cs'fJ,~2-AZJ{1~eNp!~·',supra,,at .292). ·. expirc1:t1on, upon · service.. o · a...:.writlen1,n9.tit:e of- a>-~ · , - . J}o-i -- , · : - . , _ , · ·. , · , · · · . . · • • • l '\\1 ~.> \'.~.:..&e--~~~~·"· "f..:-,. ~·- •, 1.J • ' _ .:p~rty's in.tea~iori.~o -tei:rninaJ 1; Qr tn~ify -~\ar1~··.af. I !Jtf._uu_s '-~~~t~~n~ :··· .. · .. · . . . P.arty ·may. choose:.to. ter.mma.fl:):!'o~ i\iad1f%:~'lt(? ~}re--Ofo.Cu_rs a J~h!ft ,.n- the employees'_ urnol') rep~es~!1t'.3tional afpect_aof tf\-.CBA~\~}Y~!,l'Jf'-'1 . :_'·~:~f,iy~~e. -~fe(:·~~Je~ecu\i9n· .:of a_, collective · . expiration-qf·CBP._o~.Jixe.d Qurc1_~l0Fr·(l:At~pf:? ~~1t11ngl'co_ntr~t··-~.w1t!'• _ t_he · empl~Ylj!r, ·: _the, . Art._ 264). · · · . . :_. ·. ..,~ · -\,~ Yjf}~ (;_a~·c.h,~nge_.t~Erir.agent.(the'la.b_O[u_n.1on); _ . .. • · , · - .. ". . ~· . . ~" ,~--~~f)?e~cQV,~1~,,bargammg:.contract_.v~h1ch1s sJ1II Automat.1c_~e~ewal. ~la use·· . ,,~iS.Yl-~~='!~sls~~~J.~~tmuf;ls:to blnc(t~·e.employees.:UP tc:>- its·. ':,__.Th.e. CBA_ shal.1. -re_mc!.in_effective a.rid ~e-t1t.9~{ble · p-)f :l~{~J~tt~,l:late; :r~ey i:nar: ho.~ever,_~argain for the ... eve? aft~~ th~ ..exp1rat!on·:of_ the l.)er.i?.~ fi~e·ct,:tt~".)_e J5.-_li._J:stio.~emng pf sa1q ex_p1rat_1on d_ate.· - · · · · :. parties. as long as---nonew-agreement 1s reach_ea·:oV'~"'_...,.... . . . . 'theij,; (LA~OR ¢0Dl:;;.Arl; 261,)... · ... ~ ·_i" ' The: emplq'yees cannot r.evoke' tl')e"vafidiy e~ecµted -~ · · --- · · ,· · colf~Uve.bargainihg cohlractwifhthefr employer. by . . :'Rea~~~-:: To -~void.. 'or· pre~ent .a. situ.ation Wh~r~: the·- siinple . expedient. o( c;_tia.nging :their bargainihg .. collective bargaiAing·agre:einenl .a·li would. govem · agent .T_he·· new .agent. j:rn,.1~t respect. the ·contract . . betwe.en.the employer- comp-ariy-and its .erflploy~e$-. (E3engqe.(t:;ari~olii:;la(ed;.'/n~.-·y.Sci'.E1J1ploye.es.-and . :· :Worker.~.Uni0n-PAi=J:.O, G.R. No.; l.-2471-1; Apri!:30,. · - : 19:68). ·. - . ··, .. · . . . .. . . . 'Note: The Aut~matic Renewal j'Jertains .:~nly to ·th~ econ.omic ·provisions of-·~he CBA ~nd·.does ncif.-: to·1ts--App1i~~u~~- :.. . include representational aspect qfthe CBA'(PtcoP . Resources, Inc: · v. ·· Jjequill;:1; G. R:. · ;No.- 17?666; . -l_t ca"nnot be:-.invol$ed'to.support the c;ionteritionJhat a· o~cem.be~ 7;:2011). :. - ·,. . _:_-· · !']ewly · . certified·.· .co_llectlv~ .... batgaining ·. agent automatically assumes alllhe, persoRal'undertakings A~TICLE · -2ss:· i-ER~s .· _oi= ·.,-A ·:·9oi.:LecTivi ·. of the former. agenl - ·like the "rio strlke. clause" .in the E}AR_GAINl!"!G AGREEMENT .(CPNTRACT _BAR . CBA executed by· t.he latter· (BenguetCoilsoltdated, RULE.)·.· · ·: ·. _ - . . . ·, ; . · . ·... · .: 'Inc. v. BCJ Employees FJnd Work~rs Union-PAPLU; Ouration of the CBA . . .:. . . . . G:R." No. L~?47d1,~ ~prfl 30;. . . 1968).. . · . 1. .With. r~spect to the· ·represen~ation aspect,. tti~ .. ,same lasts for·s·years._· · · · · ·
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because the date agreed upon shall be the start. of the period of agreement (Manila E/ectronic Co. v.. Quisumbing, G.R: No. 127598;· January · zr, 1999)., . ' . . .
Freedom Period.v .· 60•day Period
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Nbte: .Art. 265 -on ·relroactiori does notapply if the provlslons were imposed by' the Secretaryof Labor by virtue of arbitration. Itapplies only if the -.agreement w~s voluntarily made by the parties .'(St.' Luke's Medical Center, tnc:v. Hon. Torree, G.R. N.o.·99395, June 29, 1993). ·
last 60 days : of ,th~ "Notice ; period" .. for CBA's· 5th' year 'of the. renegotiation· . of an representational aspect expiring, CBA; refers Jo modifying .. . · 0( renegotiating · the CBA , 'p,rqvisions other' . than : . repr.esentatjon~I. . also ' caned: ' . ''.'economic, .
.Parties may ~gr:ee on. the· s.uspe.ri~ion.of their· .. CSA for a certain period .. ··· . ·. · , · .. ·· .. · Art. 265 cif the Labor Code has a 2~fol.ci"purpos~: · 1. · Promote industrial stablllty · and , predletabllity; .. .and · · . · ·· :". 2. Assign specific timetables wherein negotiations .. become matter of right~ and requirement .
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.,., <7t'°' . . Nothing ·the'rein prohibltsthe parties from waiving· or.':
· . . .._: ERis_not a pa'ity ..' ER.. .ls a. P.~rty .';;.,-, · 0'' ·-· ,ii\ suspe_r.iding·.thernandato ry tlmsta bles andaqreeinq '--~-'------.,.--'-'---,.------;-,t'.. ,.f~':.,;,._;,~,\;; on t~~ rerneclies·t9.enfo(ce the sflm~_(Rive.rav. Hon.
(2 :(l.ZUCENA,supra 'et 493): . lj f, ,· ,,,;J Espmtu, G.B,.No. 135547, January23, 2002).· . . ·· · · ~ ,,~·•>,A;un~.~,;-/;..~ .s: ,l . . - . _..,. .. · · Economic ~r,ovision.smay_Jnclude_: . ~,:j:-;f. ~:YJ1r--·~·'ri!6ti?i.:~_i(~tenti~~ to terminat~,am~n~ or alter 1. _ Wages m9,:ea_ses, ·, the pro~1s10!.\!~l~f th; CSA ~hall be filed ~1th~n the..602. Loan· benefits, .. , \;·\J(.·. .}.,-~~ · . day period,{irgm~d1~tely_pnor to the. expiration of the 3. Bonuses; · _ · °A!,f i''~:l ,. );) ·CSA (LAE,l!J~.(!QDE!Art. 2q4). . . . 4. Allo:"'ances; , . ,;,-;_/..... f'!,! '. ·. ,i.. 'l{ ( \,' . · · ,; 5:" Retirement Plan; and . /£,:' · e,.... . A .i'''l Procedl!l're·tor Registration· ' · ._ · ' . W,t ."6'... other-fri!].ge. benefits. ,, '"?"1«,:r,;,~~l>\- . ~-~:. 1.:· STI6'ffi»ssi~n'o'r~op-ies of the CB'A.to .th'e 13LR ·or. - . .~ ..o ·\1 "':.Z~ \.. "'.l;..•" •• ,.~:ft-li.-.~;..;r . ,i,v.~·~.\ · ,;:-.:;~·, t!f ~ thEl reg_iQr.ia,k0ffrcesof_DO\:E with1~";30_days from Non~E~onom1c ~ro'-':1s1on~may·.~·~!~~'.'-!/\ /I ,eXE;QUll<;>n, acpomp_~n1edb_Y th? following:_ . ~ 1. Urnon Si:icunty cJaus~s1 ..- . . . . \0, '.' 'i •. • . . ~:~,,,...:.~a,. V_enfied proof of posting 1n 2 ·c9nsp1cuous .;. ·. 2: Labor-managf;:!ment codp~rat1or:i s9J:!~1'!_'~··... '·. .)w.iu '.·;;;.,.·,~.Rlapes· in the place of work; and . 3. Griev.ancewo~e'dures'.·and. . · . ·~~')f ·. ,/!~!»'t.!"'.'"··. '-'-lt·!~:.:.veFified · proof of mtif.ication by the majority ~: · ~- . othei,r: P;ov1s1o~s,, witho~t . m~\1fary./Y.~.ue· .. : .ofalf.the workers in the bargaining.-unft;. < · ~~ ·:, (Economic_:P'9.v1s1ons ot,"<;ol~f;Cti~e~~!fJ!f_nll:7g. 2; . Actio'nupon the_applicatio~ for·r~g\strationwithin ~_ . flgreemefl0ts Jn .bzo.2160.,18.;,h,ltpp,n_e ~Stat1st1c~ · .,. 5 calendar d~ys. from rec;~1ptther~of; . · · Y',?.: .. Authority, ecem. er' . ~: . . ,.: ··. 3... The'·r~gional.offic.eshall fl.lrnisn {he,BLRwith a · · · ··copy of the .QBA · within 5 days ..Jroi:n its i~-'.. ,.. . ffectivity.. an.d-·Retroactiv.i~,.H>of ·other· i;conomic. · · · · subm1ss100; . . .· . . ·. . t:. ~·PiOViS~.Ons.b(the·C~A.~·.·7.... . ... -.': .. ·. . .4: The f?LR J>r. .'regiona.1 ',office shall.. ~s~ess.the 1. If CSAis the very first for ttie barm:1iningunit,: the employer'tor evE;)ry_CBA, ·a regist~ationf~e of not. · ·parties liave fo·decide the·C'E!A's effectivitycfa1te;· less than ·P1 ,ooo·. or ~n;:. ·amoµnt. deemed · 2. ,.'Those made within. 6 .months 'aft~r the da.te,' Qf. a'ppropri~te·l:>y'the Se.ctetar'y'of.L"'bor;" : · · . ·expir.y of the · CBA are . subject to c1utomatic 5. . Issuance:. of Certificate Registratic:i!i, (I.RR:of ,, rf;:!trOacticin to · the .d,ay immediately ·following . the. LABOR . CODE, Book V; Rule XVII, as ... such.date ot:e)(piry: .. :. . . .. . . ':amendedby D.0. No. 40~03). - ·
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· 3: · Tflose conclud.e'd after .6 months:frol"(l expiration of·tne old CBA. 'the··parties ma}' c,1gree on the date of refroaction. This rule applies only. if there is an existing. agreement. If there is no. existing. ·agreemenf, there 'is no retroactive·· effect
. Not~:·.Registration·af the CB~ is not'a re~uisi.te for . : its .va.lidity. The. certification of {he CBA. by the SLR · i~ hot'reqi.Jired to put a. ~tacnp of .validlty to such . contract.. Onqe._it is· dqly entered Jnto.:and: sfgned by, . the..parties, ·a" csA l!e.comes effeptiveas between . the. parties regardless of whelher. or .riot the .same· · . has ·b~een .certified by .the BlR (Liberty Flour· Mills. · · .' Employees- y. Liberty Flour lyfills, lne., G.R. Nos. 58768-70, December.29, 1989). ·
2019 SAN SEDA LAW CENTRALIZl::D BAR OPERATIONS I 115 ·
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.Jurlsdlctlon to tssue Iniunctions ·. General Rule: Regula~ courts are without. authority · to- issue 'injunction orders in cases 'involving 'or - . originating from tabor disputes. even if the complalnt was filed.. by.' non-strlklnq employees and -the · .employer-·-was made a .· respondent: To· hold otherwise-is 'to sanction splitting ofjurtsdlctton which is obnoxlous to 'the orderly .administration -of justice .
'ARTICLE 266:·INJl:.INCTION PROHIBITED· . General Rule: No _'temporary 'or permanent inju,nc~idnor. restrairi)ng· order .in any .case involving '. or growing out of labor disputes shall beissued by ·• . any~· court or other. 266}'. . . ,,entity (LA80R ·. . CODE, Art. .
· Except.ion~:.: : . '1. ."fo · enjoin or restrain any actual -or threatened commlsslonof any or-allprohibited <>(unlawful· (Af)do .v. cempo, 'G.R, No .. 18,4007, Fe'l>rliary 16,' · · 201~~ . acts cir to require the performance of a particular , act'.iA · any labor dispute which;."if 'not restrained or : performed .forthwith', ; may cause . g,rave . or : Exception: A reqular court may issue 'injunction to lrreparabte . da'mage :· to ~ny 'party .: or': render protect.the. interestof neutral· employers in common ineffectual any. deoston-Jn favor. .of SU.Ch party situe picketing,'..prQVJ~ed'the injunction. does . not in. (LABO,R pODE, Sec. 22f5(e)); an1:l' ,. · · · .a.fly. wa,y curtail theriqhtof theunlon to..str_ike and/or·· ·.z. · Wf:lei:1, in tlie· opinion of ·~ecretary'of Labor 'and picket (Repqblic FlourMii{wo;kers."A$soc.y, ·Re}'es,' ·Emplpymerit,: there ... exists a labor. dispute ·.:. ··. ·c;.R.:No. l·-21-378, November 28, 1966r . . :causing or likely 10'· cause a.strike or lockout .!n' ·. . ... , . . . . . . . . . ~n. · indµstry .. i_n~ispen.saol~: to: the-.. nat!~~L...-r.1.,.-~~I:.:.ln ca~.~s of _strikes/~lcke~ing; third parties or . interest, theSecretary.ofl::abPl~f§ec.. . . · ~~~.' " ·. ,1~, · - '. · · : : . . · 1
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.Nol~:-·~:/ ~~~m.issio~ ~sh~· B~ilGAt.~iNG ·. ·.. issue tempor~ry restraining 6.' 9ers ir{such 1,ases ltEi£~E§ENTATIVE · · · · only att~r due . n~tlc~ ~nd~z elf=ini,t A~y,;ex-'jFan.e-. ·1ru1-"- ·-:-~~ 1· ' • \'.' • _., ?i · · ·. .· . . .· ·. . . : res~ainlrig.ord.er·1ssu~d·_b~ ttfe..Qc6:mm1ss1on,.or;Th-'~~~! r, p ff, . ~ ' .. ?ha,rm~n or-V~ce-Qha1rma wQfr.e~.the cori=li:n1ss_~~.zaf,ft~T°f<;;lf,~-f6't:~=~CLUSIVE. BAR<;;AININ'G ts. nqt .,.n. s!,lssion, shal, beJ if°ahd, ,~or no~<:::SEP.R~~-~~:tA]ION· ', ·.AND . · v,'lORKER'S · (?xceed_ing 2.0 days (/RR oftl~fr·L'rft~ R.~ffhi _O,@!
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Exceptions: 1 .. Supervisory ~mployees·who are aliowed to _form · . tl:ieir own union·s apart -'from the ran.k-and-fil'e employees; and . . . . . . . · 2. The policy should yield to the right of el'l')pioyees· . to. tor~ unio'os 'or associalions for. purposes 'not · · contrary to law, self-organizaHon··and to. enter · ,.into colle.ctlve·t;,argainlrig n·egotiatlons (Barbizo.n. 'PHL' v. 'Nagkak_ais1;mg.'Supervisor ng Barl)izon,.. etc:,. ·G.R .. No: 113204-0.5,_.September 16, ·19~6).
Excl:uslve Bai:gaini.ng Representativemeans any . l_egitlmate labor organization duly recognized or · certified as -the sole and exclusive bargaining representative or agent of. ,rU?tn;ie~'. .. .. . . · . Tb~ ·lpt?c>r organiz~tion. is a represemf~.U£e·of thy··1... d. J.91~~anty in the qu_al1fic~t1ons, sk1lrs and _:.collective ~r'nployee&, ·out this facta!b'heL'tfp,:as' i{ t~~m'Rg of the employees;· . · . . . mean that an employee. can· 9,~f(enly.tn.tpugh ti),~ . ':~ . · jl' · Fife~l\enp.y of· c~nt_act or, 1nterctian~~ represe_nt!31iVe.. An ·individuj:lt,.;._o/flp[Oy"_fr~ has :a':\·. ,¥ : _a,ron9<1th·~empl~}'.~es; . ·.' .pers?n~I · right. to. handle own..,,..srJllvall'e.6ft'. 1.,._1_ ~;~·~~~~~tJ;cpr?x1m1ty;. _ . unassisted· by any. represen~fo,e (7-,~.:J.ZVCEtsrA )· !'~:· . -g~.t'~q~1;11:11ty._ or. integration of production . si.tpra at 458). ·. ~-'t:v-6A~5, ... · · ]/ · · Proces~es; . , ·.. . . . . · . .. · . '. ·. · : · \~.,_. _t1\ ' : .,[.T.. .,· · ... h... Common su~er:v1s10~ and_deten:runation, ·. · · · · · · · . . . "t;:~~j . · _; "'.,t",!J:,·i-~ pf, laboMeJ·ations policy; : · · . · • ·· . · .. tj,rf ·- . · · ·:~'- .:...,:.'~!'.::,.~~1';!:)Hjstoryof ¢ollectiv.e bargaining; . · · · , .': DETtRMTN'ING·TH~ .. ·{{/': . ·. · ·: .} Desires.<;>ftne af!ected empl~ye~s; or . · BARGAINING k,. Ext~nt · of union 9rgan1Zijt1on (2 · · · . . . ·~, · .. AZUQENA,. supra _at 460-461): · . . ·
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s·argainl.ng· u·nit is a:.group of employees'.of a given employer, co'mpri.sed.of all or less .than··all th~ eritire. . bqi;i'y of u:ie. e'mployees;.·wt,fch, co11·s1stenf with -eq~ity · . to the .employer; indicate to: !)e. best suited to. s_erve · ·.'. th\he~lprQcal rights and· 'duiies of. the· parties u'nder . the coH.ective bar.ga!ning prOyisi.on the.Jaw (/RR_ of. the. LABOR .CbDE, ,Sook .V, Rufe·/, Sec .1(d), .as. a-,rfendfid PY D:o: No. 4<J.:O~). . . . · .. . .·. . 'ARTIG-LE. 26ij:. REPRESENTATIOtf' IS$UE · IN t. · ..ORGANIZED ESTABLISHMENTS · ~: . 0
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.... i=>ieference .. i!? giv~n. in tli~ . appiic~tio'n of.' the · ·G_ommuni!Y of lriterest Doctril")e·.in _dete~rnining ·; . ..the_f1ppr.oprjate ~argai~_ing unit. _. .... . .·
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.Note.::Geiog·;~phl~aiiocatlon· cart be: co~pletely· · . .dfsregarded'if tt,e commi,inal·or'mutual j~tere$ts'· · · of the e·mploy~e~are not sacrificed (San Miguel : Corp.· Stipervfsbrs fJnd·. Exempt ·Emp/pyees . Unio.n v.. Laguesma, G.R,. No. ·1·10.399, August" . _15, 1997).__: ·. · • . · .: · . . . · .. · .
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2 .. Qlobe· Doctrine. - based. on .the_:exPress .will:_or . desire ·of th_e,employe_es. . .· .· . . . . ... •' !n defining 'th~ ap.proprla~e .bargc!ining unit for . purposes . :of collectlve . b,:irgair.iin'g, th~ determining factor is the .desire of. the workers · themselves. (2 AZl,.l.CENA, sup!J1 at 169-467)
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Foreign-hired teachers do 'not- --belbng · 10 the. bargaining unit.of the.Iocal hires because the former have not indicated their-intention to be · grpupedwith the latter for purposes of .collective · · .. bargaining. .A,itho·ugp foreiqn-hlres.: perform · . ··s'ii,~iiar functions· under the. same · ~orkln·g ·. condttlons <;1$ the locat-hires; foreign-hires are accorded. certain. benefits l")ot granted -to localhires. (/n(e.rnationafSchool A1lianc~~of Edu<;ator~. . v. Quisurribing, G.R, No.--128845, June.t, 2000).. ~ .. .
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. ._( .........._s_E_._B_A_C __E_R_. T_I_F_I_c_A_T_'J_o_: N __ __. 'iloluntary_Rec~gnltion , It js th-~ process whereby the employer recognizes a labor· cirganizaUon as the exclusive bargaining representative of the employees in 'the ai?propri,ate bargaining . unit after .a showing that tile labor org·aniza_fionis supported by at )east a majority of the ·· employees in the bargaining unit (/RR of the LABOR' .. ·cOD.E, Boote V, "f:?u/e t; Sec. 1(bbb); as amended-by D.O. No.. 40-.03). .
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Note:_- !he ~x~s.\en~e~o/ 1~.fn'?'¢.>.?'~;vi:'i.J '$'"} · · · ibhs~_rT)fJ1h~s,•;-unor~_?ni:zed _with_ .only· 1·barga_ming h1s.tory , ts \:_e,t11e ~de~r~., ?.. ~ • tep·labor' f.'organizat,on.. m existence.,. · concJ4si~e in the d~~-r·i:ni.na·qn :;-a . ,.· . % el_f'·. e ~!fall. ~11 . i.confereriqewithii')·5.workin.9 co_n.stitutesan "!PPr?pdate -~ar~~in Q-U~t..,t ~ n \~,Vj.r~;l'ysf~lhe su~~ission of the fa!loyJlng:· , · . M1guef:Corp. v;L.ague~ma:V~- R.. ..,..Jfie r:ia_me,tof em_ployel:ls 1r ·the covered _Septembftr 21; 1994~ ~ .. · ·. ,.' . .)A ..._~:,_~ba'("g9.injpg·unit_-.wh_o'sigt,ify their s.uppoi:t for . · · · · .. ·_:_ . · . · .· , , . ,~//);'~-==;~~ ·-\\:'t~\.:91,ffiA Certi_~icati,;m; pmVided.,t~at_ the. . Wtiat -are th~ .m~tn.ods to .. dete ·. ,_!n'el_ifhe ... j\ Af /~.~ --~~ef'ernployeescomprise.at least maJontyof · : : barga(niog r:epres.~ntative?··. ·'. ·, .': ·· ~ , L".I 11..I'~e r;iumber ·of employ~es _.In" the- covered·· ~TI)e 111ethpds· . of determining tt~e ·bargain[~.· · qargaining·unit; 13nd. · · ·. · ~ · · .. represent.itive aret ·cse~RR~)'" . · . . . ., . . . . . t;,: Certification under oath by 'th~ presigent of, · · : · 1._--_Re~~estfor§.EB~_-(P.9.,~p._ 4Q:+·_1f5, RLi/&Vll); · . ·. th_e requesting ·uniori .of, l9c...al th~t -~~I. 2. Cert1ficat1on election {IRR of the-LABOR CODE, .. doctJmer.its.-submilted, are true arid .~orrect · Book V. Rtile· VIII);:· ." · . · ·. . ·. ,.. ·base1:fol'l his/heq>ersonal:knowtedge (b, Q. · 3; .Bi.11:i-off electi9n . (/RR bf 'th.a·. U.BOR. CODE, ·. Nq. 40.~I~15,'.Rule· Vil, Seq.' 4)· .. · ·.· .
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The submission S~aii ·be· pres~rn~sJ- t9 pe true and ccirreet. unI.ess ·contes.ted:under :qath by any.ine.mber qf tlie oargqining,Linit: dtJring the validatiQn .conference. Fo·r thi~ . .· purpose." the·etnpfoyer o(any"repre.se'n.tative . · of the errii;,loy~r shall 0"9t be :deeri-1ed a p~rty-: ·.). in-interest but 'only. as a . bystander to . the . . process-.pr'certification.' ... , . . . . . . . . : ' _·If the. :requesting. ·uniq~ . or .locc:!1- fails Io . complete the· . requirement$ for. Sl;:BA cedmcation .q_uring ·the. co_nferenc~•. the . Request should· ~e referre_d.to the ·Ef!"lction- ··
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. The certificate of registration as· duly certifiec;l_by . the. preside_nt of the requestjn_g union or: the ~ertjficate of creation· of chartered local as.-duly certified by. the president 'of !lie federc1tion 'of the local shalt be atta'ched to the request (D.6.- No.·· 4.0~1~1s, Rule V/1,.Sec. 2). · . ·
Offi~er. for the conduct of certification .election (D.O.:"No. ·40-1-·15, Ruie VII, Sec. 4). 2 .. Action on · the .submiss.lon
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!f. th~ .: DOLE Regional: _"o)rectpr · finds that requirements: complete, he/she. should {ssue, 3. Action on the request by the ReqionalDirector · . dur.ing·the:cpnference,.a··~ertificatioh as sEaA . ·shall oe.madewithm 1 day from the receipt of , enJoyi_ng.the rfglitsand pri_vileges of an excluslve the same. The Regionai Dlrector shall': . .: . "bargairting -agent · of. all the' employees·.irdhe a. Dsterrrilne whetber: the· request is compliant . d'b a~gammg.uni . . lt .·.. . · .. .. with the requirerne nts· and whether :the' · . cove-re . . . bargainirig uoft sought to be: represented rs The D:OLE ..'Reglo~al _Dfrector should cause the .organized,or not;" and .. . · . . · ·· . posting : of-: tb~. SEBA Certification for b. Request a copyof the payroll tor purposes ·. · .Gon~ecu~ve days .·ii) -at feast . 2 conspicuous ' of S~SA Certification. · ·1 .places : in t_he · -establishrnent . or .covered · · · · · · ·. · · · · . pargaining ·uflit(p.O.' No: 40-1-15. Rule VII, Sec: . If the request is deficient, the _Ri:lgionaf Direi.;tor. · .4_ 1) .... :.. . . · . ·.·. · . .· . . shalt advise ·the ·re.que$ting :union' or local to· . . •'. . . . . ~~ ·~c:i"mply wit_hin _:1.0_· davs -frorn notice .. ~ailurn "to . Request for certification in· unorganiz~~r/tr . comply therewith _shall ,be deemed a withdrawal· 1, esta~lishm~nt· ,with more thah· ·one ·_1egitin;i~,f?(( ._":·: . of t~e request io.o. No. 40-1-15, Rufe- VII, ·Sec. · labor orgamzabo~ : ·. ·. · "\-cv: .... ;;..\ ... 3). · . . . . . . lf tl:!? · -~OLE_•. Regi~n_al· Di_rector firids ')N'~;·:::;.::1.--:;~l~enr,qt,i,est·is sufflclent, the Regior:,al Director est~~hshrnent . unor~am~ed with more ~tJan... t\ ./f f,.;"":;.....;.;.._s.tif!!l;Js~~du~ng the conference a certlncation leg1t1mat~ labor org~rnza~on, he/she sh~y~qJefer th,e,~ [,i . . . as SEBA(~pjoying 'the rights and privileges of an sa~e .l~ · the ElEjct~on Officer ·for t~1fo,c::9nduct o.f'; __~ .exclu~i'!~~~rgaini_ng_.age_nt-of all the employe~s · cei:t1ficati~pelection (D.O. t;,Jo. 40-1-15,'JF.:.';:!lif.._.'(~I,S~c.,... of _the,.j'bl;l.fY~ini!J9 .~nit. ,The_ Re!;!(~nal Director_ .. 5)._ . . . ·. ·· ;Af)3>' J~t~/'-;1 . ·H · . $halt ;-~_lsg., ~IJ~!=l. the. posting 1.n at lea.st 2 · . ·: .· ,. . . . ,/%.. · )""- ~"' -.-~ j"l~ · con~{.{ict1?,\J6 ~la~s i11 tpe establi,shm~nt or -Reqt,ie.st .. ~Qf c~rbficatl_q~,::;> ·~ -i:~[ganiz~d~ t:_:{ ~s.x.#r~-~a.m_a"if)J.Oci unit, (D,O. No. ·40.1-1_5, Rule esta~hshment · . · =-~..:'.'.r,-} ~·~ !,.~.1 . l1Jf:i.S"l:ir:,.~4.~~fJ .• 7 . · .: . · · ,. If .. the· QOLE· · Regional · Di,r~cto~,J,j_"l;[email protected] ct~;~ , ..'-~~-!.!'..~~'.·~~ ·. ·· . establish·ment:.c;irganized,· he/she<s~.QJJfd·"{e~er t'}~ r,i/ ·~ffe_ct of ~EBA Certification"' . . . same lo the·Medlatot~Arbit~cfor:Jh\:)~t~.nnrif..tion. of_ l·{1T.UP.9.n. the· issi.Janceof the qertification as· SEBA; the th~ proprjety _.o.f' conducijn9 ~ · c~rtifi~~.ci.~,e~cti?:J-.../~,..;,:;~~:(tlfieIL~JllOr:!or Jocal.shc!lt enjoy ·all' the rights.and . (D.O. Mo:·40-1-15, Rule'V/1, Sec. 6). £.:(-1; · p./-~-.L•'-pri,;,!r~ges·o!a~ ex_cl~~iv~·oarg~i~i~g ag~nt of_.all the . : , . . · · · · .... ·. . : ' . · !i.,4" ·£.{\'J._.. - empiqyees:in the·~overed barga1r11ng.urnt. .. Prbcedu·re in·~eque_st.for SEBA_· ert~fic~t.l~= · · · · · ·. · 1. Where,to Fife . , . -~: · . _The ·certification ~hall .al.so par, the.filing of a'peiition Any~·legjtlmate "'labor organ129tior'I may, file. a for certification'~l.ection by any'Jabor organiz.afion for. • request fQr · Sl=BA c;ertificatioi, . io the : Regioila~ a _Period-of 1 yearJorr\ the:c,late of its rssuance, (D.O: '· .:' Office-which issu·ed its certificate·.of registn,ition No. 40-1-.15~Ru~e /,. Sec .. 1:2). .·. , . . . · . or..certifica~e.of:creatiqn o(chartered. Jocal (D.O. . · · · ·· · ·No·. 4p./~15, R,illfJ_'VII, Sec. 1).. . .
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2.. Requirements . .. . . . ·. ··,:t,freqµest.l;)hall indicate: (NO-BES)·'. .... )1:: The Nam~ and addre.ss of the. req·uesting· . · ·. · ·. Legitimc!te l.abor organization; .. ·· ... : b. The ·name .and adtfreSl:i of-"1he company. where it Qp.erates; . . . . Th¢.· ~argairi_ing unit.···. ~ought ·to .be ..... repres~n~e~;.· : . ·... . . d. The approximate. number of gmployees in · ·: _the bargair1ing ~nit;.and .'. .' e: The . Statement · of · tbe . existence/non- · existenri~.~f Ot"iadabbr organ;zatlons/CBA •.
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· .:· Certifica.tiori.Ele~tion is the proc~ss of det~rmiri\ng, throug!..-. sec~et ballot tli'e' sole and . exclusive rep"resentativ.eof the errlploye'es in :an appropriate · bargaining unit for purpos~s of'collective bargaining · 'or negotiation. (IBR;Of .the LABOR- COOE, Bocik V, R-1.fle I, Sec 1 (h), as amended by D. 0. No-.· 40~03). Un.ion. Election . is hel.d ·p.ursua~t' to the union'sc'onstitutiori ancj by-laws, and tlie. right to vote 'irfit is ~njoyed or1Jy· by uniciri mem.l:ierq(UST Faculty _Union I(. Bitonio, G:R No .. 13-1235, Novf!mber 16,' . . . . . 1999) ...
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-appeal has been filed from the order of the MedArblter c~f1ifying the results of the election, the ·. running of . the one-year: period· shall be suspended until the decision on the appeal bas . become final and executory; .. Whein:tt1e.du1y.certifiecf union has ~ommenc~d .and .sustained,negotjations-in good faith with the employer -in accordance with Article 261 of the Labor Gode· wjthiri -the one-year period. referred to in the immediately precsdlnq paragraph; . 3. When · _a .. bargaining. deadtock -to which· an. The right . to vote;· is- All employees whether .. incumbent qr· certlfled bargaining agent . ls a-: .enjoye_d ohly ·by union. union or. non-.unio(! party had- been §.ubmi"tted:· to. conciliation or .. members.. members 'who belong to . arbitration cir hadbecome the subject of.a valid· · ·· the . . ~ppropriate notice of strike or lockout; .· . . . ba~g~inirtg unit cah .;ote: 4. . When ... a . collectlve . bargaining agreement .between the employer and a duly reeoqnlzed .or. :_·· certified.hargaining aqenthas been _Begist_ered Winners become The winner , ··-i2;.,c.,.t:3" accordance w!th Artlcle 23~ of jne' l,._a~or . officers . . . arid certification.' ~J§l.Otio~ is U· .. J . 'ti; ,.,ea(;l~,. _ Wh~r_e ~uch co_Ue~tlv8:.. barqaininq ' 'represeritatives .. of the an .entlty, a 1:ffliOIJ·, Jlhj_ch . : a~r:~)'-1~!1:t;IS. r~~1sterec;i;. the p~t1tlbn. r:ryay. ~e unlon only. ' . -b~qornE:_~.:.~: '1 J.._;Jh~.. . · '_"'~~.:_!,tted-;~)./~J¥!U) SIXty. (60).days pnor lo Its expjry . represel)_tahve~4~he .· · . t~/3 of. ~lj.e--:;.~~OR CPD!;, Book V, Ru_le VJ/I, -:,h r/ b~t l· --~: ·,.,,'·'ii{'""='if.==,...S,.ec~:,,,;._i(ft-amf!_f:1°(1ed by D,O. No. 40-03). · ·, · w o1 e cu{lalfllllJr."'· uni Si:. "'"'~ . "'- ,. ""\ ,~ . . · . . , that{lif.icru~~{·eien·. th .. 1-:·-vl' . ~-- '"'- "t~;..,..'·\. : · · · ,: · .rriefrnbe'r'§':,f ti,·~ 4'¥:l ~pte;__ 1:\•~-~,q~~tic'.\R,eneWal :Claus~ .u~9er :Art. det~,i!ed.t'fnionst ·· . 26tt pert~uns o~tf)lie economic provisions of.the ·. . . 1r -~- -~:;- :f · 0~~- ~: • _. ~ .... d_oe%!.W1~ii\clude:-t.~~_ representational .(2AZt;JCENA, supra at 4'77){ 1'""·--.1} · '"<:~$-~·-;,. ~§pE{ct" .of the \\eBAt.~An ex1stmg CBA cahno~ . · · :. II ·. &?"' U ;[r:t: ·. onstitutt a bar t01a,filit•9 of ,fpetitionforcertification Who may m:~·a Petition fb~i~~·fi~.ati(>"fi;~'{!ctioj'\:·S-~eJe~!2.?~;en ~~~re~ ».representational'issu,e, th? 1_ Any leg1t1mate (abor. oig_rl'}J,z~tlQ_ni{icl~~g ,,81}'!1- '1.. {-}~,fatu~quo.fproVJSlOJf!il,ljSO far _as the·need to await national union or federa~0A' ha~iS."l~',
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. Proceeding: . . 1. Proper composition -and constituency of the bargaining unit; and . 2. The veracity .of:major,ity rriernbership claims of · Iha. competing unlonsso as to identify.the union . that will· serve as the bargaining representative of the entire ·bargaining unit' (2 AZUCf=NA;_·sUpra.·, · et :)77),.· . · · · ·
sustained. Nego.tiations with the employer . or there exists a :bargaining .Qe~dlock which had ... · . been submitted to conciliation or. arbitration or had become thei subject of a valid notice. ot.strike or -lockout to· which an incumbent or. certified · bargaining agent is a party; . . · · .. · · 5. · to case of. an 'orqanlzed.estabtlsbment, failure to submit the 2$% .§µppc:irf requirement 'for the 'filing of the' peution for certification' election; .. N.ote:. The delayln the issuance of1he certiflcateof . 6. ·failure. of .. local/chapter .. or; :··national registration·.to a union partlcipatinq ·fr1 a certification union/federation to eubmlta duly issue'c!.~harte'r electlon case. may ·.effectively prevent the conduct .· . Cert.ificatE:i. upon . filing of 'the· PE1tition · for . thereof. .However; Where it is shownthat suchdelay . · · ·certificalioh election;. ' . · .. was not because pf its (a ult ·t;iut ..due mainly t6 its 7. ~b~ence of employer-employee relationship · riva.lry wlth other uriions, it shall stay 'the conduct of : · : .· : between all the members of-the petitlonfng union .. the· certification election.'. Mandamus . will· lie to and ··the establishment Where "the proposed · : . compel . the issuance ·of., 'such certificate of . bc;irgaini11g unit is souqht to be representeo: and . · '. · registration [Semeben"nq- M.angga'gawa· sa · Union · · 8. ·. Nowappearance of the · petitioner for two (2) } Industries, tnc.v .. Norie~ G. R, No. c.~5~87;J.,,Octobe(x,,.-:.;;/l consecutive· scheduled conferences:before the. ~.f . _23, 198·1): · .. · · . . . . . !';/-j;)._ mediator-arbiter. despite 'due· notice (D'.0.· No. •• . . ·. .• · . · · 1 • r.. ,r /~ :j'.· · 4Q-F-O~, 'Rule VIII, $ec. 14): . . . . petition for cancellation of':'rii<:>n regi¢trati?O not suspend th.e ·-pr.01,eedmgs· · for certifica!~Of ·:':,; ,;,t.N9t~:· The"ti:;~rt1fication election sl')aU be presided erection nor shall it prevent the:filing· of. ~·petit!,oA'fqJ(~}J.;~~P'by..th.n·.El~ctiqn. Officer:fro!TI.the Labo'r Relations . fe.rtificationele_~tim1.,In cas~ of._~an9ell~Y-~~'~othjng: Djvision~oFt~;.;Region~I, Office· or .the _BLR (/RR.: of . ~n.the la""..s~all res_tnctt~e n_ght.of th_e1
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Notice·of-Preliminaty .Conference . . The-petltfon shall immediately be transmitted to the ·as.signe'd -Med-Arblter . who shall .irnrnediately prepare arid serve a notice ofprelimlnary conference to be 'held within.-·1_0·working.·days from the MedArbiter's receipt of the. report· (D.O. No. 40-F-03, Rule· VIII, .Sec. 6). .. . . . . , · ., · ,
Effect · of · Eailure to Prove Afflliatfon: with a .· _Federation to the Right· to File. a Petition for. . Certific~~ion Election . ' . . . Its- failure to prove its ·affiliation -with- a federation cannot affec.t its- r_ight- to. fjle·. said ·petition for · · certlflcatlon.electlon as an independent union. As a .' legitimate labor- orqanlzation, an independent union .has the .right to file a .petiuon for certiflcation eleefion · forced intervener · ,: . . .. . on its own beyond -etection, Despite affiliation; ·the · The incumbent bargaining agent shall.automatically ·. 'local union remains .the basic unit free serve. the . be one 6f t1J13'.choices in ·ttie.certificatibrr.election as common interest of all Jts' members and pursue its forced intervenor (/RR qf-·the LABOR CODE, Book own interests· independently of the ·.t.ede_ration: V,;Rule-.Vll/;S~c7, as amendpdby o.o. No. 40-03), (Samaha_n.'ng inga _Manggagawa sa·Fifsystems. v. · '·. : ·· · · $ecretaryofLabor,G.R:No. 1280°8,7, June 5, 1998).· 'N<>te: The.incumbent barga,nin~-~gent does not lose . . . , . . . •... . . . itsrepresentative' status; it remains as the sole May a 'certific~ti'on.el~dion.-be. ca_lle·d.by·the' Me~-· _,; · bargaining·· representative- until· it is· reptacec. ·by_ Arbit~r-alJhliugh ttie'..25% statutory r~quireme~t ..another.. Until .SQ replaced; i_t has the right. to retaj[I . . . has ·Rof .bee·n ~ompll~a with'? · . ,'". the recoqnltlon by the Employer (2 AZUCENA; sug~~~~:Even conce~_irig'·thatfhe-siatufory requirement· at 478): .: · : ... _· ·· . ~r:;::;.-- 0 ·~f ;so/~onsenf·signatures ts n?t strictly complied . " . : . · ·. · .·. ·: : .. · ,;-,. . ~~ 1{ij~t~. tp,;Nle.d-Ar~iter ls stllt.empowered ·to order that Motion for tnterventlcn .:: . . . .';(/'<,"")· .L. :'"i<"=··;:::'i=:1!\e c~rtifrc~jl6n,election:.-be 'h'eld preciselY:'for the .· When.a petiticm for certification election ~~.,fil~ in · purpes~Hota$~aining- which of the contending · an. organiz.ed establisbme_nt,. 9.i1y1e[9ig3ate;"'jab0~r"taboQ?_rga_,:if~tionf~hall ~ th.e,exclusive 1:?argaihing ui:,ton · other: than the inc~m~~r)f.b~ga'fni!'19age~ -·~per.it:.'lh~ceqllff.rpfi:lent . is . relevant ·only_: w~en .it oper~ting within the barg_~inin,9·_uo1t:$iYme4k inoticir'( .f>.ecome~ m~~ _(at9ry1\ 1 to · .conduct , a; c_ertification · for.: intel"\'.ention with: ,tie M~d-Ar-~jfer .d1;1ring tlie..J6,~ el¢ctio~qln all' tCeOnt.tances, th~. c:Uscretion ought freedom period·. of. tl'!e co}Jl'rc,flve 6~rg~1ning~~1r--:rc>'15eor~ina~ilye~i:qis\;!djo favpr of' a. peti.tion fo.r . ~greeme.ot (D,~. No: .40~J=.o/r3~,u~fe: VI.II,. l!fill~~.m:rtica~oheiec1i~n<~iYifomiaM.ani.Jfac(uring·Corp. '. - ·' . .. : · . · ·:. 'I!-.,..-~ ..~- . ; ..\. ., . · if!.~i~.f-fon,.$1J.ndersfc'Fetc!jyrof_Labor, G,R. No .. 97020, Pr~lim.inary·.C~>!"'~fenc~;.~ec}.1'-1-Ql . :r'~ .-~.J-t- . -June~B 1'91!;}); JJ.- .·. The Med,A.rb1_ter.. ·sh~II cw9ag1c1\ ""'s ;: , . (.C...;jJ _1r:~ { . ... . •. :,. . ·: _ oonfer'e'!,c_e.anq he.arin_g w~_tin~,..1-0-:€1~.s fr~ Jt.'t'!"f.!l;~ ... :.,1'iJ~ye~1,~r~sel)Js·the wJitteo st~tements o_f: of the p~tition._to determine th~,,,_foJ10.y.,1~g:. (B, 9~ }, &;_ '.3 i-;~~bJ,l<e_rsJo ~tie Jfffeet·t!Jat tl;leY'"!Y~re·tricked · ·1. The ~arga,injng Unit .to· be r{~r~sen~d;·S( ,.~~~\grvipg:,their .w,_pt~en ·con_sef!t-to t_he ._filing of · 2. £o_nt~~~ing_labor_.unions;. \.· .. ,\~"'" .. Sc}1h','1"\~~~-e~j~n .for ~~iflc.ation.electlon. W!I~th~se 3. Poss1pJhty.of p·fonsent-~lectii,~ · · .:?~..:. , .£.L~~!~ent~~ev~ntthe holding:of a ce~1f1cation. Existern?e·. of a~Y: of. th~_.;bar~ .,t~ ~!:1\i!ica1jo~""electiy a9ministr.ativ.a..· or .. :.qu~sHu·di9iat. ·consent. election. The-,...,;e·d-Arbltetsball forthwith'call . inquiry.. Suc.h . reP.reseritatic;m:. and ... c~rtifiq:ltion.: .. ·. for the cQnsen.t -~lection, fefle_ctir:ig . Jh'e._- . parties'. . efec:.tiori:~ases . ar~ not to'.!;,!:!. tak~n· a'~ con~~nJlpus . . a·greerne.nl and:. the:· call . in--_.th"e minutes ·'of. ,-.the. . . .. litigations ·or. suits ·but as -mere investigations of a .. . cor_:if~ren·ol;i-. T,he .M'ed;Arbiter ·shall,' iml)'lediately nqri-adyer$,~ry• .fact. fiJldi.iig charact_era·s tp wtiicli. qf. · forward the:·records. of the. petition: to .the ·Regional. . the competing unior'ls represents !Jie ge]Jui('le chpice Director or hJsl:IJer.authorizei:heprese'rifative for'tiie·. of 'the ·workers· to be· their ·.;sole and: exclusive . determination ofthe election officer (0;0, No. 40~F·collective, bargaining· :repre.sentative'. with their'·: o:3,'_~u/e '1_111,_Sec, 10): . ·. . . . .· : : · employer(ALCANTARA, stJpm_ at-431)...
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N'umber ~f Hea~i~{JS . If:the contending, 1,mioris fail agree .to a. conse'nt . election during Hje preliil:lin~ry GO~ference, the Med~biter may co~duct as_ i:nal"!y hearings as h_~/she
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. . ·.~ .. may deem ·necessary, but in no case -shall -the conduct thereof exceed 15 days from the date of the schedutect preliminary ccnference/heannq, after·_ '-t · which timepetition shallbe considered submitted for .'\. decislon (JRR o( the LABOR COOE, Book V,· Rule ~-~-· -vut.. Sec· 11, as amended by . D.O: No.:40--03). .
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co'nduct .of Certification ElectioJl · Pre~Election Raffle of the case · ..: within 24 ho.urs . Conference within 1 o· days from the from receipt of receipt "of.the entry.offinal · assignment jupgement· ·
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,E~tensi~ns oftl~e. shall not be entertained (2 , AZUCENA, supra.at481): : ·. '... ':.. 'fa.ilure to Appear·Despite Notice . . {.~ :rhe"failure of any party to 'appear in "the hearing(s): when notified or to file its p_lea~ingsshall be de,eryied a waiver of nls right to Jig}· heard, . . . : . . . . .'
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. Pre-elealion conference shall be ·completed . · -.yithin 30 days from the·date of · the -first liearina.
· Posting of notice ,· of etection.at least ~ ,10-qays before trie' .. ·,{:{":'.,-.,\ actual da,E!-OL · .. e.fe.~tic;>n .
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. Th.e Med_-Arbitet,ti~wev!3r;. ;.;;her, agreeq u·po~·by' theparties may allow tlie- cancellation :of -seheduted . hearing(s).. ttie cancellation' · of any scheduled. flearing(i,;}shaH not be usedas abasis for-extendi.r:ig the 15-day period .wlfh wnlch to ·termiriat(;' the same· (D.O. 40-03, ~u/e VII!; Sec. -12). · · · ·,
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brder/Decisi.on on. the Petition .. . ../;·_.'//.. , , . ,. "~··,. (D, O: No. __4'·o- 03. , R1.,1/e. IX'I1. _- . Wjil)in -1~_._days from: the ~pte 'of la~t.hear\n~,z:tJ~f ·· :i.,,;1 ·. • • . . •• . 1 ·\ . Me~~~.rb_•trr,~h~II. fo~'!.)a.lly •~.sue a rul!n~ gra_n!•l'.l9J9r:; , '. of w.~;C~s!) · .. . . . .'. . : ·... ?::·· deny1~g . the. petition, . except. in .. o~~}';r;ifze.9ij1'')'·...,_.~1tH1_o~~B~f:s fror:1 rece1pt_-of_the notice-of ~flt[}'. of F., ~.stabh5,hmer1\swhere the _grant o! the,..P~-~~j1Qn-~~nr, · fma.1 Judgi:r.i·eri.\@rantmgthe conduct of a certificat1o_n· :k. . on.fy .be made after the lapse of the .fr;~e __ ¢()m. i:ienosf.i ··--..~· elertion-· thef!Rsgional o_irector' shall cause the raffle. (IRR f h. L b ·c d B k 1, R 1 ''"'111:,,,-s 13,1..,.)"' ·,.. •· ·• ···, · ·· · f.,. · · ... o. t ~ a or· ~ e;__ _PO.~· ~-,,f!.t\_!_:::·:,,.r pfdti~_.cas.~ ~'c;,-:~n Elec:tion 0.fllc;:er·who 5,hall h~_v.e {: · as amend_edby D.0. ~-O-F-03r . ,/P,t;, ;;.4. cont[Ot'of/tl}_e~p_r~elect1~m confeter1c~ and .e_lechon 1: ·.. . . · . · · • . . · . . :,1(/ · :. , 'Ir-..~ . .<~. )j1 ptoceedtgs: :(/RR\ofthe .LA~QR COlZJE! Book. V, ::: . P·p:>h1b1_t':.d~r.<;>und.f_or.the~lD"}I/Su~p.ens1on o! i.•'.·t· Rule '?f;;_~.;ef..1.~;...f!.~.c!J!)~nd~df)_yD.Q. No. 40-0,3)... . . . the Petition . . ·,,........ ~~,.,":,, -~~ !:·•• "'~ ~~,.~~·:...m.(~~·1·,~i'. · . · .. 7 : . The . inchJsion . as U"1ion m~mh~rs ¢:rtfr1ploy~~~J .: 1::1- Pre-el~tio~~o'Afe~ence . . . : ·.. pu.tslde t~e. b_argaininguni_t:.sha_ll_..n<~lif....~jl~'.g~?Yr:id.f9r . Within 24 hours from.. ~eq~ip_t of.th~. assi~nm·ent Jor_. th~ .c~ncellat1o~of th~ ryg1stration oMhf .~n19.~,.S~1d_ 1!~h~"fohduct.of ·a ce.rt1ficat1on. e!e~t1on, the Elec.t1~>n ~ · em1?h;lyees-are autorn~tically, tjeemed l~r:i;i.¢'.edfr.Qfl:1 .. hf•+~=pffic,eR.sl:i?JI . cause the i~suaric.e· ot notice· of pre[::"· ~h~ list <:>f'mernb~rship of said _uni?n~ffepu~/~c.Y...;...:..~:,;-'eiJcti'~n't:bQfe_retjc_e up~n the c~ntend.ing uni4:>n~-and f: . Kawashima Textile Manufactanng:, Pkf;."J+dn_chq'.R. · tl)e emplgye_r,_ which shall b~ .schedulec;l within 10 f: . No. ·, 160352, July 23, 2008). · . . . . · '~~ .·;-.;0 · . . : days from receipt of the assignment. 0
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A~ to the Validity if..Certifica~~pf_ ~~is:ati~n . All issues pertaining to·tt:ie -validity'-cif the p~tltio()_i()g
~ uniQn's . ~ertificate 'of -regi:;;tratioh or . its· :le~al t.,. · personality· as,. ~:i' · labQr. organization, validity . of .. ·. ·registration; arid ex~·c1;1tion. of colleqtive, bargaihin.9 , . · . ag_ree'ments sl'iall, be ~eat9_ . and resolved. ~Y. the Regional Director In an ·independent .. P.e~iji6n..Jo(· 'i · cancE:llation· of its r'eg.istrat.ion and not by the MedArbiter i.n the petitio)1-fe>"r qertification-el~ction (/RRdf
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ri.-';· . . Department's Unless -the petitioni°ng ·union_ ls· riot. li~ted .ir:i .the . roster . Of· . . legitim~te labor r . . 'otganiz;;itions·,.·.dr an. existing. collective "barg?ining
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agreement. is . flOf: ~egisfered WV:.i,lh Jhe _D1e1·,pSa"rtme1. n5· t. (lR.R qfthe LEib(!r Cod_fiJ, B_ook , Rule V( , · ec'. , , ... a-s arr,ended by D. 0. No. 40-F-03}:· · •
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employer-.. shal; b~ requir.ed· to . subrnjt . the .. c.ertified list of einployees·in the barga_ining unit;-Or when.~ .;neces~ary: ~e . 'payrolls.• covering·' .. the . . mernbe"rs. of the bargajn"irig t:1tiil. the time of the filing of. petition· '(/RR ·of.,the La.bqr··code, E;Jopl<" v, Rule.IX, Sec. 2; as amended by Q. 0. 40-F-03).· · . : . · . . ' · · . . . · The pr~per·tin:ie..to:,questionth.e list o(qµalifi~d v·oters .:is during· th~ .pre-elecUon conference.' It _can ·no
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cerHfication · election·. (/RR of·. the · LABOR CODE, Book V, Rufe· IX,. S.ec."2,. as."ahiended PY b. l':!,/o•. 40-
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·· .Waiver of. Right to be Heard . . · . Fallu're of any party appear during the pr~.~election conference despite notice:st,all be considerep as a wah;,er of' its .right to be present' and' question -or qpject to any of the agreements r.eached·ir:i ttie pre-· election conferet1ce. Howev~r. this.shalf .nofdeprive
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,.:•· 2019-SAN SEDA LAW CENTRALIZED B~R OPERATIONS I 123.
LA.BOR RE·LATI.ONS SAN BEDA .IAW'C~NT/MLll~DBAR OPE:RATIO.~S.~ MEMORY AID·2019 ·
· the non-appearing party of th~ right to be famished · notices . and . to attend subsequent pre-etection · conferences (!RR of the LABOR CO.Of=, Book. V, 'Rule IX, Sep. G, ee amenaea by D.O. 40-F-03).
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or·the employer (/RR th~. 'LABOR CODE, Book \/, . Ru[f:IX,S.ec. 7, as ar:nended byD.O. No, 40-1-15). · ·Secr~cy .and Sanctity of the Ballot To ensure secrecy,o( the' ballot, the Election Pffic~r• . together with .the authorized representatives .of .th'e.. . coritendirig unions and the.''employer, ·shall 'before. the start of the actual voting, . inspect the polling place, the ba\lot boxes a.nd 'th~ polling booths. .
. When P,~e-~l~ctio~ . · Conf~~enc1,/ ·sh~!I . ·be completed,· . . .. . . . . The pre-election. conference :shall be completedwitt:iin 30 days from the date· of the first hear.iflg_.({RR ottne LAB..08. CODE; Book V, Rule IX, Sec '4, as No· device that ,could record or identify 'the voter or emendea 'by Q.·O. No. 40-~3).: ·: ·.·. . otherwise underrnlne.the secrecy and sanctity _of th~ ' ·· · · ballot 'shall ·be allowed withiQ Qualification of. Voters· . . . . . lhe. .'premises.- except · All employees who are .rnembers otthe appropriate . those devices brouqht In by the election officer }my' · .· bargaining_ ·un.i~ ·.3 months prior 'to the filing of the. · · other device.within the premises shall be.confiscated. · · · · A · by the election .offlcer and returned· to its owoer after . -petitlon/request · shall -~e·. eligible · to. _vote. . _n · · ·.~ . the. conduct of the Certification Election .(/RR of the employee who· has been dismissed from · work but . . . · contested the ·legality of dismissal· in a· fcjrum. of · 'lAf3_Q'R· CODE, _ Bo?k · V, R4l~. IX, . Sec .. !3, as .appropriate furis·d_iction_c~tttie .~rn~ ~f. is~ua~~e o.f~-~~~·n=:.=:~n.de.d by D.O. No. :~.0-1-15). ·. ·. . . . . order for_ the. conduct ~f ~ cert1fi~at1oh. e_le~}~gn,~all lf 'T' -~~~'-!: n of Ballots . : · be: considered a q_u_ahfi~d..voter.. unl;$;~~,s~2.ss~I l_) t1e.qJ$~officer shall prepare the Q!31lots in w~s decl~red valid. m ':' fin~I jud~m,e~va;r, ti~~-=--=""'Bns!~h ~&FWPtnoor the }O<:al dialect. Th_e·number .the conduct of the ~~rt1fi~t1~n Y./r · ·_;. · . , ;.;.~ bc!llot~.JQ,9Qlo,c!'~[respond..to the number o~ voters .-.,1~ · ~ in 1fi~..qarg~1rJfn~~qi_t plus a· reasonable number of ln case of dlsaqreernent over VP,).;7fJ1~t;or~.J.igib,1!1t¥ti · ~ "e}ttra. b,\\'llots'>,fefr:-•cintjngencies:All ballots. shall be . al! contested vqters sha~I betalfow~EJ,,(_r,voteJbuttl'i~r . .bfr} 1'lgned Jt thJ)b'ic~hy·the Election Officer and :an votes shall be segregated an· seale<;l,m an .envelope ..!,;,,?": . . 11 .• -.h v ,1 .1 ~· · . .. (/RR of the LABOR. CODE, ·r!,?:Jfi.:.V;{Rule IX,-Sec:'"6~1trtal.!.~.QJ~d repr(!l~entat1~e of each of the conten~,ng_ -.. ·. d db ·oo N' :40'11"'(<£11· . '1,--i-i{-""'~iig~ ·-.1,t~/B9.S(lf~of_t~4~B~RCOP.E,BookV,_Rule/X,
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Th~ ·Labor · Code makes 1:fo~\mct1~~~S\~ ~qi#~.1 q~fing the pre-e!ectiq_n 'conferences; .employi:n_ent Sta~US :c!S. b.a~,i~ fo~\_ehg1~/Qij,~· . ..r~ll~Epplac~tJin an f!'tiV~lope.which s~a!l.be sealed ~upp_c>rting_ y,e · PCE. 1~"¥·_-referS\!o. ~ l/~e~_,..,,<~-Y:il1e'El99.flon Offi~er in t!)e':pr~se,:ic~ ~~ th~ voter etnployees 111 the barga11;111')g urn}~!-,11 they~~~~4~:>f Pr-J1:c!n"'d:thei:e'e.resentafives·ofthe contending unions. · ·. . eligible to s_uppo.r(the pelitf.on js\.t~.pel?;,~:!g:-tll~~~j.P ~v / . . . • . .• . . •; •. • .. bargaini~g unit (N~ti~na(Union qr ~(~,ei:,~ @ti~f~fSi:c~rfii;_\3l~t!9'fl40ffic~r shall_ indicate on ,the envelope Re.stl:fW.f!nts ancf: ,:itlted lndustr,es- M§Pi/~~k@Vjtqn 1,. A' ~~~"v.@~r'~:narrie.the union ..c~all~ngmg t.he voter, Hotel Chapter v: .Secretary· bf La_bor, 1'\'llane;..th:t!i'?..groi:.mdfor _the c:;hallen~e. The·. Election · · t 81531·; July 31, -2Q@9t·_. · ··· : . ·. "'.'"'""'""""•'"""officer.shall·note· all ·challeng~s.in t):le minuteS of·th!;!. . . . .' .. . .. election' proceedings aod··shall have custody' o(aJl· . . P~sti~g pf Noticei' -.· .. . . . ·_ : .. ,· . . :. : . envelopes . containing . chailenge~.. v~t~s- . The' . . The Election ··Officer and his/hef Auttioriied 'DOLE · . ·. ~nv.elopes. ,shall be· opemed,. and the question. of ·Pe~~onn'el sh1:1II. caus~ the'·. p,ostinti' '.qt-· notice . el.igibility,shall be passed. .\JpOn -by the Me~-Arbiter electi9n at le~st 10 <-,Jays before the actua,Ldate of tt:ie. . . ·. ·.only'if the 'n.umber of st;igregated vote.s·will materiaify election in .Jhe · 2. most :conspicuou~ places in'. tt,e ·a1.ter. the: results of .the _e_l~ction. (b. o: No•. 40-F~03,' _co.mpany·premisl?~- Tl)e 'rioti.~~sba·11.co'ritc.:1in the: ·. · ·-. :·Rufe·/)(_, Sec: 10). ·< .- · · · .. · ; · · · 1: . Date· and time·of the eilection; · . , · · · ·. . - . ·;. · · · •!)lames of.~II cqriten9in!;i.°Unions;'_and' . : Spoiled B.,;1llots are.'those· whi~h are torn, 'cl~fo~ed; : 3. Description of the bargaining unit' ancl the 'list of · · or. con.tains· markings ·which'. Gar:i· ·1t;iad . an~ther·· to :. ' ' eligible and'·ctiallengi:ld voters. .· · . -· . clearly. fdent.Jfy.the _voter-wlio ca.sts s1.,1cti,vote (D:"o.· ' · · ·. · ··· · · · · · · 40, ~t:J/f!'.f, Sec.1(ww);asamended:byD.O. 40.:;~15}.The .posting of _the 'Ii.st of employees· c.ompnsint:fthe · · · ·· · • · · · bar:gaining.. unit- sh~II .b!'}. .done . by·· the DOLE AJJstenticm rl;!fers t~ a .blari~ or unfilled ballot yaljdlYper:sopn~t. ,· ..,. · ca~~- by·an_..eligible voter.:lt.is ·no_t considered as~a. ..: .. negative. vote.· However... it· .sha.11 b~ -consl~ered. a . The posting .of the· notic.e of'ele.c.tio'n,.the· information · valid · v0te for pu'r,poses of · ·deiermiriing a valid . ~ re.quired to be incluctea .therein and the dLiratiqn cif . . election. (D.o. No. '40-03,: Rule:,, Sec. 1(a), as · ·.. _·pc;,sti.ng cannot:be w~1ved''b_y t.he.i!ontendihg Linioris · amended by o:o. No. 40+15), ·.
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124.. I· 2019 SAN BEDA.l.AW .CEl'ITRALIZEc:>.8AR·.OPERA TIO~S· . ~ . . •,
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LABOR RELATION.Sio,9
· SAN e:m/i. LAW C£NT./IALIZED BAR oPf.RAnoNs MiriW!
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Orr-the-spot Questio~s The Election Officer· shau rule . on any question .. relating to and raised <Juring the conduct -of the · election, In no .case, however, shall the election offic;er'.·r.ule on.. any· of .the grounds. for chatlenqe. · specified in the immediately precedlnq.sectlon (D. .Q. · 40-03, Rule.IX~ Sec: 11" as amended by D. 0. 40-F-
Failure of Election Where the number of votes ..cast in a certification or consent election js less than the · majority of the number of eligible voters. and there are no-material challenged votes. the· Election Officer .shall declare . a failure of election in· the minutes of the· electlorr . -proceedings order (/RR of the I..ABOR coos, Book . · v, Rule JX, Sec. rr; as emended btD,0. No, 40,-0:JJ:
Protest;Wl1eo.P~rfected . . ,. . . . Any-party-in-lnterestrnay file a protest based on the conduct or mechanics of the election.Bdch protests ". . shail be recorded: in the minutes- of .the- election proceedihqs. Protests not so raised . are deemed . waived: ·: · · · ·
Effect ·of Failure. of Election .It shall not bar the filing of a-motion forthe immediate '. holding of another certification or consent election within 6 months fr'Qm the date of declaratiori of failure. · .of election- (lf?R.pfth:e 'LABOR CODE,·8-0bk V, RiJJe IX, Sec. 18, es amended by D. O." No.· 40-0:)).... _. . ·. .· . .
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The protesting. party must formalize" its protest with M9tion to Hold .another Certification _E1e"cti9n or ·the Med.:Arbitet, :'!'Vitti specific ·grounds,. arguments Consent Efoct.lo_n,in case of Failure of ~lecti.oi, and evidertce.. within 5 · days after: the close of the Within 24 hours ·from the .recetot of the motion for· . election 'proceedings.. If not recorded in the· minutes .~/"'I · immediate holding· of another election, the Ete¢tion· . i and .. formaliz~d ·.within_- the pre_se::ribed.. period, Jlil,e"'.))l Officer sh~U ·jm.r:i.e?iately__ schedule. the c~mauct- of_·. .. protestshan bedeemed dropped (/RR of the LAf?O~r/.:, '\ such election within ~ 5 days from .receipt of the SJ.ODE; ~ook V,. R_ule IX, Sec. 12, as am~ndei(ff ... ::·~~: mot~on ~119 .ca~~e the posting of. the .. 11otice_. o: D,O. N().. 4Q-F-03). ·. . .. t. , ·; ·.:/,'-;--P.~ ..r:1,~ca.t1onr.rtect1on a!·:l·~?st 10 days. prior to the L:,,. . ·f1 i.r~.Qb.~~l!,ted;a?,.~f 9f.elE;c~orpnthe 2 _rhostcon.spic~ous Note: A; protest c_annot- be 'filed . by a lab.9r-' unrbn ;--> f.1 places:~,n~th1f1<0stabhshtnent. The same ;gu1de.hnes which is. not a pa_rticiparrin· the ce_rtifii:.~6~electif \oyi~tiin ·2~!ti~{J.~{irorfl. finai canvas~· of vo~es; th~~e repre~e~ta~1ves of ~e ~P~.te~d(Og~";',!i)t.f crl'!ation'of chartered local,. SU¢h locaJ . a~d obli_gations of a. duly certified conective . · chapter sh.all sub111it .Its DOL:E-itsued ~ertificate ·of · ·· bargaining ·agent ·from the·time .the certification is. . Creation-with.in 5.days f~Olll the.conc!ui;ion of election ·. issued. . . ·. .. (/RR of the LABOR CODE;Book V, Rule IX,· Sec. 16, ·as_ a'flef!ded by.D:.O.. No. 40~/;._15): · . . Where. maJo.rityof the valfd vote.s ~st tesu_lts iri "No. Union" obtaining the majority, the· Med:Arbiter shall · declare. suet.I f~'Ct in. the.or.der (/RR of.tiJe_LABOR- . . ·CODE, Book V, Ruie (X, Sec. 20; as amand.ed-by. .
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· 2019SAN·BEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR-OPERATIONS 1125
LABOR R.E.LA:Tl·o.N·s SAN BE;D;>. LAW'CE~TRALIZW ~R OPERATiONS - MEMORY AiO-:w19
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Co._, a certmqation election ·was- held among the 3 contending unions,-' namely,' Union "A," Union ''B,". a_nd Union_ "C". Of the 560._eligib.ie voter.,s.- only ·soo aotually cast their votes. Union "A" garnered 220 · . vc:>tes, l,lnion -- ''Bo\ garn~red .24_2 votes, Union -"C" ,garnere_d 30 vote$, while tb.e rest of;the ballots w·ere considered as spoil~d.U9P2 aar). . - .. ·
Do.uble·Majority Rule . For there to ~e a valid certification. election,· two · majorities mus( be complied with: 1. '. MajoritY. of bargaining unit-must have .voted; and 2. The winning: union must have garnered majority · of_ the ·valid .:votes cas~ '(Nation[!/ Union .·or Workers in· Hotels,, Restaurants and JJ.lli~d .-Industries-Manila· Pavilion Hotel, Chapter .v,. .'Secretary .oi" Labor, G.R .. -No,· 18153·1,_· July ·.-31,2009)."
1. .How do yoti determine the majorWy vote in the.certiflcatlon election? .. ' .. . . · The:. mafority · vote in a . certification election. is. How .to De.termine _the.Double· Majority Rule: · - 50%. plus 1 pf' the yalld .. votes cast. Spoiled 1. ··ln'.d~te.rmining jhe validity. of.the process of the -· . ballots areexcluded (LABOR CODE, .Art. 268): . certification .election itself (1.st Majority); -incfude.. - . . . . . - . '·, · · s; • • : .. ' spoiied ballots.. , . . . :-- ·_ . . . . . . Jn . the problem whlc;h . of, -the: contending· 2. .' In deterrnininq the number of votes required to. . unlons won ~tie:certificatioi:i electlori, if'ariy? ·_ · ·· . · be certified· as the .collectlve -bargaining ·-agent . Why?· · . · . · ·-. ' (200.. Majority), eliminate spoiled ballots 'but' , N_one.'1'0.~e declaredthewinner, a-unlon should . include challenged: votes (<;:HAN; Pre--w~~~~~h_ave:_-obtained.'at !,east.· ~47 -votes -. This : -Notes on Labor Law, (2018) p.8.6}. · _.,:.,~·-. ;f. "\\:.,;c(;)f:1(-!LMe.smajo~lty of the V.!'llid votes ;cas!; -8 ·. . . . _?;J-'~ ~ . (, ~ ithlr~i:!~.!«e~espoiled; there were therefore 492 ll!ote: When the winnir,g choice is,~1qq'f°a~c)5):1pJer~.x-~~, . . ;.f y~lid{voJ~asf The majority of th~-valid·'votes · wjth_out· a certificate of creation 9fijj~:arf~i:~j.d86al, '. ·· ·~~tfr~24-t\~CANTARA, supra at. 457). , · : 'such · 1ocal chapter shall -submtf' ~~~J.:,~ i§i,1;1e&=-;,~-"":'-~..,,....._ ...~~ G.eriificate withifl ·5 ·days. f.ror,Rgl)~ c{.oncl~ion fiit ,ijules ').WJ\icli~r.event tJle 'Holdlrig·· bf .· a ~lection (/RR cJf the l,.ABOR C/!JDE2;0E~p'ok Rule /~' {~ ~~rtific\ti0Jt1f!~tj.~\. · · .. , · _ .: · · • Sec. 16, as amended by 0:9,(No. 4(fl-15JH N"_"'> 1. C_ertrcaUot\fe;:1..e~,ar-RulEf. ·. .· .. · h~ .. t, . 1----~,,r~-r-cont-ract~Ba' .'.A · _ . ·. Spoiled. ballots _ are. not ii1 · defermfm1.n~:'... ts~~Dea~io~k_ . majority {PAFLU V. "BLR, G11~.Nu.. l{-:43760.~ug4S~~TTI't"m,m'f'd Negbtiation r.!al"'~~le · (2 'AZUCENA, supra at 21 1976' '~ . ll · '\."'=,_,.,~. 48~· t 891 ..11 H · . .
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J['&)'l:> jffoat,ic:,nYea~:aar Rule· . ;_ - . _lf·the ~lectJons ·c:lisclose thilikthe .iii"'ajcfri·:}_p_."tt.i.~-''1 . ~~~-~p~~id;t·that;.fno·..p_etition ,fpr certification. . wqrk_ers do not wish to be·r.epr~~ei:ited~ an· ~'b7', · ·, G(?'~eE:ti~!Jfolayb~_..filed w_ithin 1 year fron:i ttie d?te ·_.' !.'.?· ~ni_on_may ~e properly certf~i~. _and tbt:;t~-~}y~ MJ.';,.¥~?1!icl S 'ftifii:;ation,. conser:if, ·. :or run-off · wor~ers who wish to ti_aye.a union"'r"!!_pres~.nk.·_~-:,rt!~.l'~~__we.5.tio~or fro.m the · _date . of. , _vqlu.ntary collectiye_.b.argaining_lT!ay not in'.Jp9s~t~er~ry,e.~~r~~~$Jllo· ..... .-... ·. · ·.. _'. · · _ - tt)e::ma~ont_yupo~ the plea tha:_th?y.are frEl.!Jl~d~~ed , 1\_ }i"A ~\-~,..,.(._. ·: ~-, . ·:. ·:· _ .- - . , · · . .. ,o_f; _their nght ,.tC?.- s.elf~orgarnzat1on .and: c(}Jle.qt!ye ·-- _l"\JJ.rt..~1:ne?s'arf)eban applies .1f ~no_ umori?' wqr:i :lh the _· .. parg!3ining. Jhe!illin.ority etnployees·can do ·no_thi~":"··~, -previous" ~ieclic;m_.. . : ·-.. ·· except. fo wait for· another suitable ;.oc~sion ~o · · · · ·· · • , · · p.etition: for a c~'rtiffcatiofi election and hope that the . .· Note:: l'fie-:,.12~~~nl~. prohibition· presupposes · · · r~sUt_ts.Wiil b_e d!ff0ren_t·(Reyes·:v. Tr.aja"no, ·G.R .. No. . . ·· . . thS:f .th~re·. was. ·an-.-actual. cor,dµc(of' efe·ctiQn (2 84/433,._June 2; 1·9.92). ,~· ·. . AZIJ.O~NA, $_Upra-'a{487) ..- / ,: : · ... 4
.. ~Qte: The ~o~.P~nyremaini(~ryunfooizedfor at_-ie_a~t ·.- . ·. 12 months; the- periqd 'known as lhe 12-morlth·bar . rule; :after. such .period, a .p~itiOJl for certifiC~it°ion . '.. ... election may be filed again .(2 AZUCENA, supta 477). . .. . .
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. Reason: Ttie right qf. workershot to be represented · . by. a unio11 sh_ould' be ·re~pecfecf f~r' it i~ an _integral · · · _-part ·-of ·their freedom or associ_ation (2 .POQUIZ, - supra,at.262). ··· ·. ·
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. When'•Certification Year .B~r will -N.OTAm>ly ~- When · there· was no certification election precisely· 'becaU$8 ·first petition Was dis.missed on. the ground that it did . not. - include all the .employees Who sliould ·be · properly included · in _ th1J·- c.ollecti\i'e . _bar~ai_niHg unit· (CMC-ACE.-UFSW · 'v.
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. Illustration of Certification Election .. .1 o determine. the sole - and ·exclusi:ve- bargaining agenf _of the w~~kers a·nd .ei:nployee's of·"X"· Mining
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-, Gertlfication year r~fe-rs,'to the period ·~herein · - ~ollective· bargaining .Sho!Jld_; ,beg'jn; which -is __ . within: :1.2'. -rriorit.hs followlhg - th_e det.er.mJriaUor, : and .. certification'." of._: emplqyees' ·.e.xclusive· barg~ining .i:eprese_nfative.(2 ~UC£NA, ·.supra . at $.82). · ' · · --· '
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. E:icc~ptions to the·.Conf.ra~t7Bar Rule. . The existence of a . · collective bargaining b. if in fact there was a failure of election aqreernent Will not bar certification election ln. the following instances: . . . . .' ' ' because less than majority of the cot1ectlve a.· The · CBA. is . inadequate, incomplete, or Bargaining· Unit members. voted. (2 defective (i.e., it does not contain· all the AZUC~NA, s_upra_.at.487). s'ubstf:mtia/ c!emands . . on ' terms . .' and . Other instances: . conaiuons-.aoq leaves out metiers which a. ·When there was ari lnvalid'.~lection; should have. been stipulated; where · Ine . -. · b. · Among ·grol:Jp of. employees \•.iho.had not stipulation becomes a sweetheart contrsot); . · participated in the·1•t electionand had.not b. The CBA was· hastlly.entered Into, or th¢··.· been ' gi',/en ~ the .. opportunity '-to. be '."doctrlne otpremeture -.exten-sionn.({e.i the represented as part· Of the unlt in the 1st renewal O[ extenston .of the aqreernent Y48S '" electlon; ·..- ·.:·. ' · · ._· · -prernature, -~stratihg the ·rigt:it of. the c. · Un.it. bf employees is.newlycreated; . employees· to· "petition' for .. a certificatior1 ·. d. Radical chang~ In the. size' of a.. bargaining elecfion at the proper . ._time) · (Assotiat1;3d unitwithln·a short period of time; or . ·. :Trade· Uriiofls-ATU v. Hon. Nortel, G.R. No. · e. In case of unit· clarification petition . (2 · · ,l-'"48;361,.'.Ja.nuary 1($,. 197.9); · ,· · . · · AZ.iJC~NA,._supr.aa,f'487-1B8J. . c; . _Cohtract ·Where . the -identity of ' the. . . , ,,/t) ! · representative is, in: doubf.(Fo?mtex: Labor 2 .. Contract-Bar Rule · · . -.L.·:,/· ·/~fa! ~ Union:·rupas.v,· Hon..Direetorot BLR, G.R. General Rule: While a valid and registered GB~,/'"} . · . No. L-42~49, April -17; ·1976); _is su~sis~ihg for a fixed· 'period. of 5. _y,ea'rs,n~~·'.°:: .'.>"·): . d. CB~ erit~r'ed ·jnl(? _between the employer arid . . . Bureau_ 1s not a!lo':"'ed .-to, hold a~ .. elec$~0!'1> .. ,.,~;r··"·~ thel':,,urn_~r:i. dun~g the· pendency ~or.· · coptestmg· the maJor-1ty status of the mcu~efi!j./(·/P)~ll::;f~-~~Jf4_9_c1t1on_ ·e1~~li~n (V~ssar Industries urnpn (0801!G_OOE, Art. 265). _.,~,;::;. ::-"/ !l · . ' ""-'.!EmP,f.oyees'Umon··v. EsVella, G.R. No. L- · · C,,/" ..·· )LJ·j · , 4656W1.1March31 1-978)· · · ;. · · -~xcep~ion:. ·?u,rinf! . .t~E:' '. 60P.::-1~i~,ri~~,;.--:1'r\' ' ·e. C'W'·Il-~\~i&tered'. wit~ falsifie9 $Upporting . ~m'!1ed1a~e.ly·pnor to 1.ts ~xp1r~~9-if;w.~:',?~pe~Qd dgcui;nettts (/RR ~f. the ~BOR ~ODE, Book ' IS C.9lled.the freed.om pe~_og,f~BeR~oau: Art, ~~e 1:i{t, Se_a. 5(b))_, : . ' " ' ' '. 268). •.·. . . · . .r{.f.~-J .· ?y.?_•< . _.~ i,.l. f. -;f~!._ti9n· 1s~l_ed dunng th~ 6?-<Jay freedom .. · : . . ·. \·?''' 1~ · · "~pJjm;>'d;:lZA-?.lif€ENA,supra--a'f 493); . While_ a valid .and_ ··regist~r~P. c~g!.;ia .fi.x~~ · g.'~ne.&'ii!J!ium -t~ regi$te~ an _indepl:ndent .. durati_on is subs)sting,. the BL~;i~!np.'f-a1Jo.wedffe. ·; un!on (2_.AZ_UCENA,·supra at 496t and · hol~ an election cont~~ting" the·i:r$j9rity 1i~~s of ·t;~h.· . CSA was · s1911e.d b_efo're or . withirf the . the incum·b~nt union·duri!19 \ts s!;yea(-Yfertn .o~ J;,H'\.f'~",~-;_;;j,Jra~~omperiod· (/RR 9t,the .L4BOR CODE,··. · repr~sentation except dunng the 9Q~ay.ij~rf9--a:;:.,,.,..,,hL<.c....:......,--~0k V, Rifle XVI, .Sec.::~(b)) ... im~eoiately prior ta: .th~' exP,ir~tion\?,f!he ;~rtear . term. The 5 years -shall, tie reckor,e~r,t;fr.6¥'JI the . .3.' Deadlock Bar Rule · :_ · ·.. · · · . date ofeffec:fivity of the CBA(IRR oftfie-'{fi.,BOR: . · 1t simply "provides.that a petition for certification. COD~. Book V,Ru/e XVll,. Sec. 7,. as amended election can oniy_.be e'ntertained··if .there is n:o by o.:o. N~ .. 4:0-03).:· : . · · · · · i , ," ·. · · -pending · bargaining deadlock submitted tb . . ' .. .. ' ,. i::onciliation' or ai:bitralion or' had· bedorrie the ' Note: ~eQistration- of .CBA only puts. into' ~ffect. subject qf a valid notic·e o°t strik~ or lockout. Ttie .. . the Contracl-B~r R\JI~· but tbe CBA_itself is valid · . . . · · ·pr(ncipal°,purpose: is tq · ensu"re stability in· the · · .. and: binding even i.f unregistered '(Tanduay ' relationship pfthe'work~rs and the rri'anagefoent 'Disfill<:1iYLabor Unio'i1 NLRC, G:R. No: 75037; · ·. . '(NA<;;USIP-T.UCP. v. Oir.. Trajcjlno,· G.R.. ·,No,. · Apo1 30, ·1987). · · · ·67_48·5, April 10, _tp92); · .1_9_97).
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Requisites.for .Qontract-Bar.Rl!le: . a: · It. ·.must: contain· .·.substantial te·rms.. an~. conditions of empl_qym~nt · sufficient to stabilize the t:?argaining rel~tionship; · : b. rt rriu~'f be sigrfed by the pai:ties; . . ... . . c.· The.effective date·and .expiration date must. ... Qe readily. dis(,'ertii!Jle on the .face of ··the· ' .contract·(2 AZUCENA, supra at _496). .
Whe~ · .not: appli_c.ab_re:. .f 11 · case of. artificial · deadloql.<' which,: is a deadlock· prec\rr~nged or·· ' preserved by coliusion"of Jhe ernployer and: th(;! . majority unjon.· '{2 .,tl.ZUC£;::NA,-supra a( 490). . ... ' . · . Artificial De.adjock is. a. deadlocl< •prearranged . or preseryed by colluslqn. (;jf the eniploye~ and · · · the·- majority .urii_on: lt is tfle ~eceptiorr.of ~he · workers: hef)ce; i:iot a barrier 't<;'I a petition fo'r a Certification El_ec;tion.(ld.). . · ·
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Deadlock arises when there is .an impasse, which presupposes' reasonable .. effort at good .· faith barga"ir\ing which, .despite noble intentions, did riot . conclude In an agreement .between the· parties · . · · (Ta.bangao. -Shell Refine,y ·Employees 'Assoc.· v.. PilipinasShe!/,.G.R. No. 170~07/Apri/ 7, _2014). .
Note; Th~ absence.ot-the partles! mutual declaration . . of deadlock does riot. mean· that there· ..was no . deadlock. At most, it would . have been . siinp1y a re'~0.gnition.of 'the· prevailing statusquo between the .parfles (Tabangao She/1.Refiner:y:Emp/qyeesAssoc.·· .G.R. .: . . v, Pilipfntls·Shell, . . . Noa. -170007,. Apri/1,'· 2014). . . .. .
. : . ~: higi~ations Q(a G_~ouine £?e~dlo.c.k: :_ · . , . a. · The .submlsslon of. the deadlock to -a . . concflatlon or arbitration; and ' . b. : The clea.d_lock tsthe subject.o! a-valid notlce ~ . . ·. of strjke- or lockout (fil(!tionar Cqtigr.ess· ot-~:·-.. .. . . .lli!!an5::. in . 'Sug_ar ' ln_dus_t,Y...-~e:P'1'ne · . . Ph_fllppmes v. Dir:T,:aJcmo, G-~Nb:_{f]4B5, · . ... · ~pril'10.·19~?J- .. ··/
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'T'liY. file: General rule: Atiy l,.egitiniate Labor Organization (L~O), including a_ national union, or 11/ Federation ln behalt of the LLO. . · · · · . . · :~:_:' . Exceptfon:. Employer when asked to.barqaln ·. : · _ · . · · Whe~e-to fi_le:"Reglona1.o·~c,fwhJch issued 'the certi!.[cate of registration _or. certificate of.creation
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1, . · Petition 'must be verified..13Ad undecoathby President or ·authorized representative. ~ ·· · · 1.
Name of.applicant union; principal address, · . . · .. · . · . , •• , H independent Union, .certiffcate o(registration'number_and date issued. · •, · ~ · · · . . · · · · · · · .·, If local chapter, charter-certificate. · 2 .. _. Name .andaodress or· empleyer-cornpany. : 3;. Descrlptionof me. appropriate bargaining 'unit and thetotal number of employees in the appropriate . barga°inlng unit." ·. . . . ·. . .... _. . .: . . . . . . . - . .. . . .
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. ·u!1organii~d Establi_~h-me.nt \'.'Jheh·' -to· file:- Any time· · Addition~! , ·. petition require!Jlents: .. 1. That there is rio·registe.red . : .. ·.CB,t\-Ji{the··employer unit. . . 2. Otherrelevanffacts: . '-·
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. .: . Run-Off..Ele~tion refers to an election between the labor unions receiving the.z highest number of votes ir( a certification orconsent election with 3 · or more choices, where sucha certltled or consent results in none Of tl"le-.3·.Choices Fe.ceiVil')g. 'themalortty Of the valid votes cast; provided that Jtie: total number pf votes for all contending unions I~ at least· ~0% of the number ofvotes 'cast ·(/RR ·or·the'.f..ABOR_ CODc, Book V, Ru/Ii! 1;,Sec. ttss), as emenaea'bv D.O. No . . ·40:03j:
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Re-Run ElecFon tak_e_s·place in 2 instances.. , . 1. To break a tie between the cpntending unions; or . ··: ·· 2. ·'it a failure of election has been declared by the election ·officer ,fod/or afffrmed by the. Med- . ArbJter (D.0.-·No. 40-/-15,.Rule I, Sec. 1.(tt)). ·
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In both instances, "no union"; is also a choice. · Coriserit ~le·puo·n:.:.... voluntarily agreed upon, by tti~., -.parties.with or without theIntervenflon of DOLE (/RR . of the LABOR .CODE,·:_Book V,-f?Ule·I, Secrttn), as· : amended by D. 0 .. Nd. 46-()3) ·
No~e: . tv1~d-A~iter may ... . . determine if . there is employer-employee . . relationship .and . if_ 'the . . voters are ellgible. · Re-'Run Election refers to ~ri election conducted to . . break between thecontendlnq unlons, includlng. . . -· . When . · requested to -between "No Union" and one of the unions.' It shall . · .rbargaiFl collectlvely in a· ·. ·.likeW!se refer ta· anetecnon conducted after a· failure ·. bprgaining. unit where no . of election:h~s been declared b~.fhe electlonofftcer
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registered . collective bargaini_r'lg · unit agre~ment exists, an · . employer .may . file . a petiti"on for certification election · wiUi the Regional Office. But- still the" employer a· non"parfy .. in -the .election process -(2··-AZUCENA, supraat 478)
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"T.ITLE EIGHT: STRIKES AND LOCKOUTS AND FOREi:GN. INVOLVEMENT IN, TRADE UNION·. · ~C_TIVITIE~ ·
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CHAJ:»TER I: STRIKES· AND LOCKOUTS '• . . • v \ . . \ ARTICLE... 2'78: STRIKES.; ·. PJCkETiNG -AND . :LOCKOUTS· . . . ~ . Concerted A9t.ivity ts one. undertaken-by 2 or more employees <. or. by .:1 on behc!!_I( ·of tl\e -others (2 AZVCENA,.slJl?_ra -et ?73). . . ·. . ·. . ·
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.4.~TICLE 271: El\!IPLOYER.AS BY$TANDER In: all-cases, y,,he~her the petition "for certification · ·.,' -electlon.is filecf ~.y an employer a legitimate.labol' .. :, ·organi~ation..the employer shallnot be considered a ~' :' party thereto with. a ccncomltant ·right to oppose a peti,tion"fpr certlflcation .election (LA_BOR CODE, Art. _/(....,. ~'. V1). . . . . ,·. . · . .. /'-.; -··1?
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Str_ikeii$. any tempor~ry 'stoppa_ge of work by the . concerted action cif employees' as a tes.ult· of ·:a"n industrial or. labor: dlspute., Stfike .encompasses not. !~y) ..· WO.rk .stoppaqes but_ also the f~lfowing: ·(SMS-
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· · .· · _ · . · . · //./J.'·\ 1 .. SlowdbWns·; The -emptoyer's partlcipation in .such pro.ceedin:gi/ · ·:)\. 2: · ~~S!> lea~es; . l'-t .· shall-be limited to: ' . . · .l.f~;.-.,,,.,,,. 3. · §1tdowns, . . 1.. Bei"rig notified or informed .of petitions of :."--:-}!:~/\~~mgts.Jofl~ma·~~·. dest_roy,_or.sab(?l~~~ plant . natur~; and .. .: . . . ·.. . _;,,...;::;/ :--::J 11·---~-~.f.l~nt_a.nd_fcicihtles and-_s1m1lar.~ct1v1t1es; or . . 2. · Submitµpg the list of employees duriag'the prE:~fLJ? 5.·. _Qveij1m.fij·~OyGo_t_t (2 JJ.Zl)CENA,supraat 573) ... election conference should the Me{-l\rbit"eract,..:r-'i,~ · · .. /I t .: f ··· or th8. · ff1 (, "BOR C-ODE Aft ,,\ Labor d1sp.U( e,includes any controversy or matter .. . . . y. on ion t,,.r\&75 )-·~'<;'·~ · . J,:' conce~i-~ t~fm\orcor:i.di"tiori~cif employm~nt.or. t~,e . 1; F - · · · . . . . . · _;~,.:r\I -..:..~·. ,;-~ assoc,at,pn ~or. \repres~n.tat1(:m of p~rsons ·.in .· th . . . I · ·· · b. I' v · (fh',:,._i.1·th,:;:;:;~ . . . · " .... ·. "' negotia~\>ns~" fixir.t-g·,. rtiaint~iliing; changing. or- . e emp oyer e ie e5; . . $It ~'1iJl.ill,on •,",\as -1 ·arraftg·l'n':f'ffie-tril'is"a d con:.:..·t· f . I t ' inappropriate me"mbership b 1::allse it ir:1&ut1es r -.)!,.. '.1 ' • ,,,;~·.\!:. ·'' ~.-x•• 1· n ul ,on:- 0 ·emf). oym~~ • i. d-fl _- ·.th. ·. . ii e ,.. ._ '.. ""~i"li'"'· ~ti r . · ,,)': r~ardle~s~Lw&etneror not the disputants stand m '· .. '<:In_ I e WI. man<)ge~,~ SUPf:rYISO{Y,r'?'.1)'" qy~es, '"'f ·tl:ie pro).<1mate relati9n of..employers and emplqyees _,,; · E:lllP,loyer.'s re~o~rse I~ _not to 0PP.
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/>.RT.ICLE ~-72:.. ~PP~L. FROM ~. · . · ELECTION _ORD~RS . . '.; . . :-:""- . . · . f . · A.~Y p~~Y to, ~n.. el~ctic;m ~ay appeal th~ order or· t; . · r~s~lt~ pf_ the e,le~tion -as -determi_ned_ by the ~ed~' Arbiter.. ··directly to tfie Secretary of ·-Labor and. Erilplo~rpent .· 6_n tt;ie .· grci~n_(;l , .that .t~e .. rul~s and :_. regulat10.ns o.r parts thereof e.stabl1shed,, by .the Sec'retary."of Labor.~"Fld Emp.loymerJl for'the c6rid_uct -· · of~h.e ~Jection.have.been violated .. Such appe.al shall . . b.e c:l~pjd~d -with!r, -15 caLendar days (LABOR CODE;
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P.,ND. .VOLUNTA.R?'°"ARBiT_RATION" .· . . ,,,.,. . . . . . (Pleas~ see qiscussionqn- Gtievahct;i "M_ac_hineryand .Vofunta,:y_.-"Arbitration. under _JURISDICTION AND · · REMEDIES): ..
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~r~~=~t~~~s ~~~Fi;~:· · term~ anct-con_ditions ofth~_ir erriployinent( Gold City /,:itegrated. Port: Servicf!!,· lo.c. v. NLRC, G.R. No. 1-D3560, Jl.!IY 6, 199p). · . · · · · · _. . : · . .. . ·'. _: .. ·.. · .· · ..,. . · .-The_,_L~w.r.:i_ay-~·r.of)ibit Sfri_ke but ~ot .the R_ight.to_ Seif,organizati~n . _ . . . A ·1aw rnay be: passec:i"prohibl_~irig l>elected sectors of labo.r from resorting lo ·strikes. ·However; a. 1$.w. cannot ·be.. pa~sed: prohibiting' selec.te.d.se<,_tors· of · tat;,qr from org~nizing uniciris- (2AZUCENA,·supra at · 5f14)... . . . . . . .- ... ~ :·. . . . ·. ·:. - ·.. ·. ; . locko~t is a term commonly .ui;ed".to e:Xp.ress an . Eimployer's .ac~ of excluding "·fro_m his pl~ot union . , rtJembers hitherto employed· _by him:: The 13ct may .affect alt. or less than .i\11. of tfie. ernp!oyee-l!nioh · · members .. · Lockout,:ln· the .sense· in·· which it is universaJly use"d,Js ari_ "act directed ~h.e union itsel_f rather than at the individual employer- members of. .. the · u.nion (St.~. Mesa Slipways . & : Engineering' ·. Company,Inc. v. CIR, G.R. No."·L-4521, August 18,
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SAN BEOA BAR OPE:RI\TIONS - MEMORY . . L:AW CENTRALIZED . . ' . . . . AID 2019 .
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Nature of1he iilgh.t to.Strike and Lockout 'J:he right to .strike is a constitutional and legal right of the workers as the employers have. the inherent and statutory right to Iockout, al.I withiffthe context of labor relations and collective· bargaining· (Guidelines GoverninqLabor Relations, ·October 19, 1987).
· 4·_ Public thoroughfares should not be impeded (/RR of the· LABOR. CODE, Book V, Rule XX/I, Sec.13, ~s emended by_D.O. No. 4_0-'03)... .. . · N"ote:.'Art.~79(~}-of the Labor ·cod~ prohibits any . person eJ'!gage~ in picket,ng · from ob~tructing the . free ingress to and ·egress from the employer's A Lockout is de.emed lawful.when: (TUW) . . . ·· premises : (Jackbilt -tndustries, tnc: v. · Jackpilt 1. . In anticipation of a !hreat~ned),trike; ·· . . . ·: · · ·· ! Employees Worker$·Un_ion-NAFLU~KMU,G.R. Nos. 2. In response to 31'! Qflprote.ctedstrike or walkout: . 171618-19, Ma;ch 20, ·2009). or : · · · · · · · .- ·. · ·. ·· · ·· · . 3. In response to a whipsaw 'strike (2-AZUCENA, . The picketing of .a private home in a .residen1i~I SUPT? at _579f.· .. ,.. :· . . ·. . . . ': . . . district is."g.i:m.erally"held. improper,'0\l~n .when the ~ · . picketers .are domestic servants. This is. on· the·. A LockoutIs deemed unlawfui w"hen: (D_AB)" · .. gro4nds \ha("a-. homeJs not ah' industrial or -a · 1: It is to .Qiscourage and dissipate mernbershlpin buslness:enterprise, that it . is· not·. acquired _or . - a labor organization or otherwise kill the union; . . maintained for pecuniary gain'··ar profit, 'but rather, 2. .lt is to ~id a particular · union by preventing · · that ft is .a~ .fristitution.. used ahd maintained 1:1~ .. further organizational work .of its riyal, or_ tQ;.=--.:....;e.t~ceot abode, and.thatan enterprise r11:>t conducted coerce the employees to Join the. faVor~,d:camim;·y' .-:as"gi~~ of livelihood, or for profit, ·does not come ?r when . . . : . .. ·.. . .' :/p·.. .J~ltliinJ,'thJ~o!d)nary. meaning . of .such . terms· a~ 3. It is to avoid ~a.rgaini~g (Id.). .·.p- ~~ · !.,~J:ll!si{est)r'acj(,or, 'industry' (2 :A~U.CENA.!. s_upra
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"if" · ~Jri~r~a~e~i:,r;~ ~ny person who_ ··obstructs. 0 .. • • , ~ • • J.~ ,Jfhp~des4~~ .!!'ll~f'f.e.~s.t~Yforc:e;. Vio!ence'.. COE:fCion,. · • ·.- . .· · -1 . . . a. •· . · threats or.1nt1nild~i): \1th any peaceful picketing by .They.l;iy .th~ emRloyees_ D.one'_, #le· tc.R:!&.tere . .-.: . :,;,1.. ~./ i~"i! . : ··: .- : · · . ' · ·. . '(Sta."Mesa Slipways & Engiq. ,;· 9{pom .11.. -, r ·.. ..kS:@~~.i'refe~~ ta-{~e e~t~bU~_hment, ~arehouse; v.. CIR, G.R. No. L-4521, A~g~st ..1fJ,. '\952)~t..P~\.._m,~ .·. ~e.p,~~f~!:1Js ,or oJ.ces, ir:,cfuding :.tJ)e sit~s or . · . ,· - ·. . .'. · \. \~ ... ~..:'.' ' ,~/pf~iti)~s'~ed as '),mawayshqp~ ·of ·.the errfP,loy~~ Boycott 1s an atte':1pt: by_ar?.us1.~g~af~<;i~f_lo~~!°'~fU<;R.,~g{;{inst,.~-*~~(1 a~ t~e · in:i.media.~~ vicinity coerce· othe,:s; against their will to."«Jthh~~froin:Oll'e~~.J,ac~,slllS,: us'@AP~;~icl<etmgstnk~rs in moving to,and . ·d:n_?mina_ted "unfrien_dfy to lcj6?r''~Q~it ~~f~~l~--'-~ft~~~~~fo_'J!~int~ of ~ntra~1;e to..anq e~!t front ?ai~ ~u_smessmter~ou~se -(2·.AZUCE:'A: s_upr;,ilf!i1·81):... M·f.fl~~)Jst-1.· ~nt (LABOR 90~E,-~rt. ¥19(~>;- _: . .· .. -· . ~-.·· .. '.;·... ·. · .. ·. ··. Slo:wdQWn .is a 1"!1ethod ~Y Wl:lich- .one_'s,,_ei:nployee_, . ar:so: inclt:1.d_es ·the·· area· ,mme~iate!y b!3fore the . without see.king·.a complete stbpp·age of work,"-re.tatd._:-. '·points. of. er.1trancearjd exit of astabi"i~hmenf"s~rucK ·. prodµc~~m .an!:1 .distribution i.r:i·:an. effort to _cor'!'i"pel.. : . ·.~ga.in.st.-t1ciwever,·tfle·ii;ig~e~s tq a·nd eg"ies.s(r.om fhe · compliance by the· en:iplciyer with the labor ."tjeman.~s . .·· ,estaol1shmei1,1f strlic.l<· against.are·pot part of the stiik·e m~de :up'ori hir:n.. (2 AZUGENA.,sup,ra.~f'fi.BBJ:.. : . . : · j;lreci·aild )'fi~y not 'be blcic)<e!;l .nor""pict<eted .(NCMJ3 : ·· ·· ·· ... · · : Pri'mer_:orfStrfke, .Picketing· and Lock.out, p. ~4}. .. :PicJ:<etlng· is _'an act of.·mwching.to _and ffo.,the .:. · · ·· ' :: . ·.·. · · - , ... employer's "pi:errlises,. usually .accomparifod .by th~ · .. 'Fo~m~ ~f St'rike,;;:(LiE~tiP.s~swis.s~Q~it-G2LoR) display.Qt placardifand,.otl:lef signs. makirig."known . ··.1"., .!,egal Stn_ke ~·one·called:fqr a Valid J?Urpose . ··.: -tl)e facts' involved in a "labor dispute. This is":ari' · . . '-:_ and qmd_ucte'd.t_tiroug}1.~eans allowe~ ,by la~ .. · ·. · ex.ercise.of.one'.s.freedo"m ot'speec:li. (2 AZUCENA; - , ·2 ... !11~!).al. Stfike ~ one st~ged_for .a.-pur'pose not · supra at 675). · -.. · ··- re·cognized by. l~w. or ·if for. ·valid. purpos·e·, .· .. ·· condµcted.thr61,Jgh IT!ElaAS nof ~ii.!nCti~ned ·by law .Re~·µi~i*.!).~.f~r Lawful P:ickeji~g; . , (N,CMB.P.rirrJe.r Stnke~ 'RiqkeW>g and l,ockqut, 1. · 1rshoulc;I be peacefully carried out; · . · p. 3).. : . . . . .. ··: ._·, :. .· . . . ... 2. · . TherE:r:5hould ,be rio of.v.iolerice, coercion,.or 3. .5conomic. Strike -=- one _st~ged · by wor~ers to ·. ·. intlmidatjon attendant.thereto; .. force·wage or other ·econorn"ic concessions from. ·3 .. Th~.'.lngress .or··egress. fro(Ti the .C(?rnpany the. employer whi~h he:is not requ.lrecfby l!3W to. premis.e~ should, not be obstructed; snd ·. gra.ht {Cons_o/idafedL~bor"Ass.oc. of-the PHL v..· . . . . . ·. . '. . ..
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Marsrilan and Co., lnc., G.R. No. L"'-17038, July 31, 1964). . · . . 4. Y.L.:.P Strike ., one called to protest _against the. employer's acts of ULP enumerated in Art. 258 inc"ruding gross violation of the C_BA arid union . busting: . . . ,._ · · ·S. .£.rimary· Strike is a strike. conducted 'by.the · · . · workers against their employers ", ir.ivplving· a: labor dlspute directly. affecti,:ig them. It is- /ega/. because therels a.labor dispute involved. 6. . §econdary Sfrik.es ·a}e workstoppages . . , of· . workers· qf onecompany to. 'exert pressure on, "thetr ernployer.so.that'the latter will ln tum bring . pre·ssure upon the . employer· .. of . another company with whom: another unlon .has a iabor .. dispute. · · ·
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A" "Welga ng bayan" is illegal because iJ..is -a
political strike arid "therefore there is nelfher a. bargaining deadlock nor any ULP. It is a political· .."rally·{2 AZU(lENA,.supra. et 583-584). · 13. §.~od Faith Strike~ a·str-ik~ justi~ie9 by belief in
· gobd faith .that the employer was ·comfl.lltting unfair labor practice at the time the strikers· went · on strike. Goo'd faith saves· the strike frombeinq declared, illegal and the strikers from being declared to have. lost their employment-status (2 .:: . AZIJG~NJ\ supra at 918). . ·. , . _ 14. General .' Strike - extends ove.r·. a whole . community, province, state ,Or ceuntry, . . · :.. ' ... . 15. Local Str:ike - is one undertaken byworkers in · - · a particular enterprlse, locality; oroccupatlon: it usually involves only one unlon or 'or1ly·.on~·. It is iilegai. because-there 'is labor dispute ·. indu_stty (2~AZUCENA,supra-at$80J.· .. ··involved.A strike-can validly takeplace only in 16. fiecognitronal_Sfrike - a strike to compel the the presen9_~.of".and inrelation to a labor dispute_,/~) .. · . ER to reco.gnize one's union "(2' AZUCENA; be\ween·~~~!9~er:a11d employ~?· . · .:· st.ipr~·at 623)~. ·; .. . · ·
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_§it~Down ·stri~e - characterlzed by"·a temp{.r.:1i{) work::stoppage of Yfor~ers who thereupon s~~e;', ~:'.;_J.,. or. oqcupy pr:operfy-of._ttie·employer.or· reJt1fe·t.9,,v) ;:;' · yacate the_ pre~ises of the . ."emp!OY~f?:''< ;.-' r1 .
Economic Strike .v. ULP.·strike
. . It is il;~al beca,use. 1t ~mounts .to)~£9i1~in,:1I.a&_:::~~ .. A volu~~a9,f s')ri)se . . An i'rwoluntary ~tri~e; · .. . beca~~e_ · . tne. : el'J'.]pk5yees , tr_~~.P-a~s,;i.-on~.the b7c.ause/fhetenif?toyee.'· the .labor _<:>rgan,zatiorr 1~ . premises ot·th.e._empioyer.J~A.ZUC~~AVSUP[."!_.,, · wit~ declHre ~.stnl<e to· forced to Q_O or:1-strike · . at 580-584). -'· · ;(·'~-0. ·· -~~' : · : .. -.,. c9mp~lfman~ge~entt9 because of.the ULP . . . ·..: \',:it• "'.P.' =::f?')i"f\ .. \.':,-.....~ . . pl . grafi'.fiil's,'c!er;r.fanas;~ . committ~d agaiiii:;t then) 'l ,,,•~ - • ''...J•'•" .~ ,~tli'f:· / • --8. Wiidcat. Strike·- one· de~!areg:::;:~~~f.-stag'e,4 · ii,~ · -...f~il.:..:.--:-:" · bythe-employei'."Jt i~ an .Without filing :_the r~quired . n~~...,_.w··~V;i.kE::ag;ct :· act of self-defense since witM1.,1t..the majqrity.apprpvar of-'..t~~ recdgniz~d employees'are- , ·bargainil'lg. agent fN.fMB fiiriie:~·:-9.fi:JStrike,.-):'};;,1 ·-~-J,,-,,""'.""i-,---··· . · . _being P,Ushe:d .tci- the Wa.11 . .Pickgtingand.Lockqut,-p. 4) .. · /t,;_.:....:·.':_....._.. ·....,,:µ.J.J~,:.)· .and tlieir only·rem.edy is. · 9. Sympathetic.· Strikes . ..:. work ~toppa§'.~&/ of .. · · .· . , · t6-stage a strik,e:·. . ·:. . ·'.· workers : of on~· company '.lo.. mak'~~~f11n.ibn . .. . · .. qau~. with··other. strikets of other~companies, . ·. wi(houf -dema_iids· or grievances'. of "thefr own Ttle· . . . 'collective Either: : .. . .. .. ·against the e·fl.lployei-. .·. · . ·.. -· ba·rgainirig agent of th~ 1: c;:qlle.ctiye ..bargaining . . . ,·· . . . ~ppr9priate · bargaining agent; or. . '• . · ·· . :is.. ;;legal ~ec;"use there is . no· ·labor dis'ptif~·. ·unit. · · ·· 2. _The le.9i_timc;1te· · rab_or · .between the wo"r.kerswho are joir:iir.ig··lhe strikers· organization .rn behalf .of arid the latter's employer"(2-A?UCENA, supr:;rnt its 1110!11._bers. . 58~).:' . ·. ·. . ·. ' ·' . .
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10. §10..wdown. strik·e _:. ~ne: staged ·V!ithou·t" the workers quittJng thei_r· . work but . merely slackenlr:t~i"· or· by·· reducing their ··norm'al war~ ·output.- - , . . . . . 11 .. Q_ulckie ~.trikes or._P._artial_Str/ke -..brief ar:,d . unanho1,11:,c:ed.· ternp·orary · ·.work stoppage; iricludiFlg slowdowns;_ unauthorized extension of res{ periods; :anq walkouts for portions- pf a shift .· or.for entire·shifts (2 AZUCENA, supra at 580). 14. ~~u_se Oriented'.Strikes -·to.make a stand on certain national. issues:
30.days from the ffling of. the_.· notice· ~f strike .be.tore the· inten~ed date 'of. actual ·strike, subject _t.o thef.day strike.ban, No: "mandatory ..
1"_5"days from the flri~g o~ : tb~ ;notice_ .. of . slrike_. subject: . to- the · 7-day strike ban.
exc~ption, _CCJ.olin!i(-9ff. P.~riod ··may · be dispensed with; and the . uriion :: may take.. Immediate a.ction in'qase
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. LABOR .RE.LA.TION·S SAN BEDA LAW CENTflALIZf.D.BAR OP~RATIONS r- MEM~RY Al(! 20i~ · ,. Ai Wit & lM&itSIPH#WAII
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3.. [nter-unlon or i.ntra-~n.ion dis·p·utes (2 AZ.UCENA; . supra at ~12); . . : . .. · . · . .. 4. Physical 'rearranqerrrent of the office (Reliance Surety.& Insurance Co., tne .. v, NLRC, G.R. Nos. . 86917-18; January 25, 1991); ... . 5: Cases pendirJg. at the D_OLE Reglona.l Offices. SL.R, N!-RC or its regional qran.che~. Office of the POLE· Secretary,. Volu.ntary Arbitrators, . Compulsory Arbitration, Court Appeals, and· . Supreme Court; · . · · . ·.-· 6. · E?<ecution .and enforcement : of: fioal orders, · ·. deC.iSions. f0SOIUti01'.1S ·or ·awards in the cases . mentionad.m number 5. (2-AZUCE/IJA, supra at
of dismissal . from . employment . of tlieir · .. officers. d.uly -elected in accordance with · tt,e . ,:union's constitution and ' .. by-laws, . which may -constitute, union. busting where· the existence of · th~ union i~ threatened, ·..
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Viplations of CBA which ··i;ir.e-· not. gross in . characte/ shalt be. resolved 'via i!ie' Grievance Miichin.ery(Lf\BOR eooe. Art. 27il);" .8'.. Co.mpar:iy's Sales 5vaJuation Policy · (GTE r : • • ••• • •••• : •••••• , •• •• : ~...1-,,,_=-:-=c=s~-Directorie.'s Cotp. v._:Hon: sencnez, 'G.R.· No . . Grouhds for Strikes/Lockout~: ,:,:'-"-.:-:-.--· "iuf - °i\ --;-r6-.4j9', May 27, ,1991); and .... 1 · JS. collectlve b~~"-~ duJy ~~cuted ~BA (2 AZUCEN.A, supra at · · e~ploy~~_(LABOR CODE, A1f.-2l8)\/,r--~ · · .---:."&1--?l:k(A~ · . · . . .' · .· .7.
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Cha.racttfrlstlpspf,Strik.es:· (E~99~·0S)"' ;, ·,.,,,) ~~~~~cl,at~l~.tr1k_e··or.Lockout;·.. 1. The(e·ip.1.1si:i?.e.a~ establi~~e'f:l_'t;{t~:relf~ion~h~.. ~~ 4~ ·Any\ c.ertldE(d,_ ?r\~d.uly·· fe'C(?gnlzed.. bargaining · · b!=liween, the. str_,kers .an~ the :Pgrson/~ ag~1nst · ,lf_,y·\ . repr~sentat1v~~ i1 · · Whom.the,strike is caJle9,r.P-;:;,,.tf·' : r-T~Jflf-Z:-Einpo}'er_.\~ \, .. . · . . 2. .Tfi~ ·exist~nce of a .QisP,'µte~'6-~t· ~en tq~ P8r]fe'S·/4 Ii c::'1.Jit,(.· J · . . arid' .the··:Ulilization .~y 'the ~~apon@~~);tounds:..Bargi·rnng) adlock and l)t~ · · ·. . ·cah~rt~d tef!ls:al }°: rer.~ : ~--~i.~n,~; ~ . ~-:.:; ! : . ·. :- . . .: · persuading. or coerc1n9. _90~8han~:!t'~l)1 ffi~ja:t>~nce o'f:--" ~ff.;@Zp.fi~n}t1·1thE3··!1stablis~ment. m~y ·declare a · . although the work ..~eas~, ··.the \emp.· V~~i~~(Jt oW,y o.o gr9flndsof ULP..(IRRytthe.LABOR . · rel~ti~~ ·.is deen,ed· to ·_conti.~e·al~t~.Ln~ s~~iE.l, .,.f}d(J/
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. Protection,ot:strike ,. · ·.. ·· . :1 .. ··1i'is ge'n'.etallynpf subfec:t"to labor injunction or . · Pri:>cech~~~~:R~~~i~·ites::(GF-S..A,RC~7) · · · .· ., 'res.tralnJi:ig'_order; ' .. . . . . : . · . · .L -A stfikeLinust be based cin a ,valid .and .factual · ·· 2.: ·. Employees niay not he .~iscril'nin~ted agajnst : . · Ground; a 'strike. or locl
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taken where a majorlty' vote of the members of the · Board . of Directors of a corporation or .as_sociation or partners. in 'a partnership, must approve it, 'obtained by secret ballot in a meetinq duly. _called for the purpose;
A notice of strike or lockout must be Fiied. with NCMB-DOLE: . . . . . .a. At least ·30 days from the intended date .thereof, if- the issues involved arose from a c.olf~ctive bargaining dea.dlock; or · . b. · At least 1.5 days from the lntebded date, if the 'lssues raised are in the -nature of unfair · tabor. practices.
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union' officers- duly elected in accordance with the. union ccinstitoti~n and by-laws, which mify constitute u'nion·busting where· the existence of the -union is 6, · A strlke · or _lock<':fut vote -Report· sho~i~ be threatened, -the. 15~day cooling~o.ff pejlod 'shall. riot . "subrnltted to .the NCMl,:3-DOL.E at least seven (7) apply· and the'. u,:iior11 may take. action inim~diately : . ·. ·. days before' the intended date· of: strike· or after' the strike 'vote is conducted, the-result thereof lockout; subject to the coolingjoffperiod. submitted .to=the DO.LE (NCMB Primer 'on .. Strikf#, . . . . . . . Picketing· and Locko-ut,"p~ 5-6). · . Purpose: To. ensure (hat a -strike vote was . · · · · · · Indeed t?1k~ri and in the ev.ent 'that the report iS. f -. Where'to ·tile the.notlce _of-~tr_ike or: loc_koL;t: . ,.,·<} false, -to afford themembers an· opportunity to Jr. 1. ~J~·!h~ Regional Hr:anch "of the ·NC~B h_av)r/Jf,'::cl': : · 'take the appropriate remedy-before it is t90 late.: ic. . jurisdiction over· the . workplace of the UJ?IP')'.I, ;,;:i, . . . . . 'members: or · · . : . · . l,;./(~_.. .'..;,;:'i Note:·ln the event the result of the strike/lockout ;: 2. · Where two _or 'more ~eg_ion?I branches iij}v.<;h:.. ;),~~allot i~J.iled. withi~ the coollnq-off period, .the . ..,, . · ·. jurlsdiction. over-the-workpfac.e, 'the· Brari,c~fh~t,•_"(f~i~--~.t_~ev~n,J7,):pay requirement shall _be counted from . .shal,1.have first received the notice "shaJr.acquire\ry n .tff~·dayJollowingt~e expiration of the cooling-off. • junsdictio,:i 'ove(ttie dispute to th_e.,J(clusion 9f\~q . : period.j).'i~ffed, tn·~·s'even. (7)_ days ?re added . ·. the <_:>t~er{s}; . · . . ),-·!\ :to the J~~a;y or 30-day cooling off period, as the. 3. _ay wntr~n agr~emer1t.~f ~th pa_!:!i~lth~nu_e . r).!, · case;9.u1.Ube}, · . ,. . . . _,>:•• of the dispute shall. b_e,det;lr.r.i~~wap/~d('{l\lCMB. · i:t'\ · .' · t'··, .f; t .· · . · . Manual of Procedures(f&;Coot:ilif).tioiJ ancft.,. !·'~ . 1:··, Exc!ptil"\~c~se~ of union busting, the _g_ooling·off _ · Prev.e_r.,tive.Me'difJ_tion Casf{1l/'R_dltrif.}fJ3pc. t.,)fb ... by law. shOl,ild be fully · 4.. A not11:;~ mus~ be served to-:1,~· Np~_B_,:l,:}OLE!:~J < r1,1 · .obseP1.e'.°~t1d · ·. ·.. ,. least" 24. hours prior-,'to· the ,a.Ki~g;-0f<~tril<~ d .8. The seven· (Z} day waiting period· or strike ban:. lockout :Vote _by secret ballotinl!/1,if)fomtj~g_ said i>,(,.....-,.,.,...,a.fter.submission of strike or lockout vote to the . office qf tl)e decision 'to conduct,a~lsttike, or ._J;i•".~_.:.·NlN6fy1§-DOLE· should -be fully qbserved in ALL · lock~~t ve>te, . and the d~fe, pl~i,, and,,f.t~ ·.:..&t~·-_.,_"!tc'~~e\°fln?luqi~gunion busting (NCMf3Primer, on thereof (/RR of/he LABOR CODE,~f!J,ookJj'fi!.V.Je -.: . · Stnke,_ P1c1;<etmg, ~md Lqckout); · )Q(_/1,·_Sec... 1Q,. as amended_ by,D._O_:'~~03)_; · . -~. :SP( FACTORS .AFFEGTING · LEGALITY. Qi= . Pu{ pQses . . .. . . ·. . ·STR~!{E;$::(SPP-MIA). · :. ·a .. · To. inform :.Jie· NCMB :of'the· inier.it of:the·· .·. 1.: §tattJtory. prohi!)ition; ;_. . _ . . union to conduct a strik~ \(Ole; . . . 2.. Strict corr:ipliance with.1:~rocedu~! ·~equi.rements b, · ··Tb give t'he NCMB ainple time t9.decid~ on · ·: of the Law·; · . ·· whether cir not:.there·ls a·"rreep to-.s1,1peivi$.e 3.'. ~UIJ)Ose·.mu·s.tbe.ULP.or_Economic; ,,...., the condu6t ofthei stril<e.v.oti'ai°fo pre.vent any 4 •.'. Lawful Means and methods; . . · act of vfolence. or fr~erfurarities·;attendant 5. · !njunctlon;· arid · . · . . thereto; and ·' . . .· ·, . . ." · · 6.. · 8green'leht of the partie.s (2 (\Z(JCENA;,~up(a.at c. · Should the NCMB decide, mott.i pri:iprio-or·.. . _591). . . . · . . . . . · ·· . 1 : UPQfl the . reQUest of an.Y' interested·. Party . ~. : . . !_. J°ricluding 1he employer; to .siipt:1rvis1r the FIRS! FACTO·R.:)>TATUT9RYP~Ol:llBITlON . ·. strike v0te·, to give·it ~rtlpl~:tfme to prepare Employe~s· in ;the·P.ublic service· ~ay nof~ng~ge in· '. for ~he deployment·.· .. of · ther req1Jisite. slrJkes.. While. the Constitution ·re0>gnizes th'e right-qf personnel, fncluaing. peace qfficers. (2 governm~nt · emplpye·es ;to organize, they are AZUCENA, supra a(5~8): ··.. ·· .. , . . · prohibited from staging· strikes, . demonstrations, . mass · leaves, walk.-outs arid other forms o( mass ~- . 5. A .s;r.ik~ v~t~·.-m·ust be ·tak-~.n wh~r~ ~ -~~j~rlty actio_n 'which will . r~suft in· temporary stopp~g~ or . P· l~ disrupt_ion: of public ·services (Bangalisanv. CA, G.R. ··. vpte· of the··members 6fthe·uhio'ri-must-·~pprove ·No. 124678; Ju/y'3J, 19°97).· ... , . · . · i't, ·obtail')ed ~y s.ecret b~llot,'in a· meeting duly calle'd for the:~ur.pos.e;·or l;I iockout vote must be
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imprimatuiof·themajority of the union members ir- addition to ttie cooling-off pe'riod before·actual strike (2 AZUCENA, ·supra at 598). ·
Remedy.of. Government.Employees: Refer. the · dispute to the . Public Sector LaborManaqernent Council (PSLMC) (E.0,.' 180, $ec: 16). . . ~ . . . . . SECOND FACTOR·: STRICT·COMP.LIANCE.WJTH PROCEDURAL:. REQUIREMENTSOF THE' LAW 1. NQtice' Qf: strike·- must.oefiledwlth the DOLE, .'specific~IIY. the' reglonal · branch oqhi·NCMB, copy furnished the employer. or .the unions; as .. · 'tl)e case !)1aybe (2 AZUC~NA, sup,:a at.595).· ·
THIRD FACTOR, PURPdSE; ULP/EC.O.NOMIC Purpose.Test .. · The strike must be due to ~!lher due to.a bargaining deadlock; and/.or ·an unf.afr. labor practlc.e,. (2 AZUCENA, supra at 61?J. . .· . . . · _ :. ·
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· • ~: • : • • .. • • • • .. ConVersion Doctrlne . ·". :. . .. · .. N_ofe: · ,:rhe ·. f.a_ilure· of the ·yn_ion t?. s.erve the Involves the conversion of a strike from an economic · · companya copy bf the notice of.strike IS a clear . to a tJLP and vice.versa. A strike orlockout may start vlolatloh o.f. iRR ·of f/1.e Lebor Code, Book V, Ru/a· as - an . economlc. s'trif<e. · or. lockout but later XX/I; Sec:.3·~.the'constitli'tlonal.precepts of due · because of the actuation of.the-parties, tJ,e same .Process mandate ·th~i th~ other- party b_e. notified may- be converted to lJLP strike or 'lockout, or vice .of_~~ :,-ad~~r~e action ·...of the· opposing party versa. Under this situation, the conversion doctrlne '. , · (Fif1P._tnO Pipe and.Foundry Corp, :V': .NL.R.C; G.R. . shall apply-in. whjc~ casethe requirements f~r. the _ No. 1151BO,·Nov~mber.J6, 1999}.. . __ ,,.=.,,=--=--==C.O..J]Verted strike/lqckout'(to economic.frorn ULP, or •
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2, qo.olin.g~off Perj~d ·befor~· the intendya-~~t;~f1f_ ~f~'IJ:e~,';'.. as· the. .case may :b~). shalt be observed ·.· actual 5.trike. .su5Ject to the· 7-day ,;lfrike,,l;>ap~)>. ,l~9ns;p1I~af~d _Labor 1 Associetton._of the PJ;fl., v'. a.. _Bargainl!:)g de~dfocl<"":""30 ~ays~(·) s:~~ ...~~(!f!!af.,"!9'c!';<-f>_·.lnc., G.R. Nos. L_ 17038, :July 3.1, b. Ul.P-:- .15 days ·. · . ./ -~·96'4f.,~ ,,~'),.\ ~i" , . -. . :. - · ·
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9~~dc:liii~?~Pl)1,~Wta~!!:J~ LAWF_UL 'MEANS·<. .AND · , ti ,.. At. if' · •, Jfl}. ..METHODS ''f,\ \I · · · immediately .· after ,.yc,:ie s,toke pvote ls ... ~ !f ~ conducted'. and re~J1Jts fy,iS.mittel;l.:..Jo._ttre.,.L}.~"tM!~':1~__;,mplo>:·f~y JS! . · : · . . . . ; . . . appropriate regiona[fbran"cl;iiofthe.tCM~.(,?. JHlj ._~.~_nRe.fay .b.e~lr_Q~-~~a~rts 1~ce~t1on b~t eve~tually . ·AZUCENA· ai 596)if 1--:""'-t k · _. .:~ ~ ~00 ~~~9'ti'ec;l~.red .rllEl~al ·If ~ti;e stnke rs_ a~~ompamed by · · . • · · ·. _' . • • H ·= . • .. f;!<...,§SJJ;,~¢.ler,rcfi/Wl:ll?h¥, tis~rre~p1e.ad, .. pe,rvasive.·. and .. It is ·tba.t·pef(od of tJmJ,\gl\lernJo t~~~--e~£_.optep~ a .,f.latt::tf?f ix:11cy an~ not m~re!y · m~~iate and cqnc!liatei~~tPf]~S. l~~j~q{1:-$.f18'n·~ r,(.ef~'ofe~Cffi:::~blch J~~sp~r-cir1cwhich ·~?rma_llY..occur~ rn · of t,me allotted b.y law f~Mhe. ~artre~~~ttliij ~,~~ys,.tr~:--:afea.J(She/f,' !pll Workers Union· v.. §hell . tl)~ir' 'di$pute13 )!'I.• a pea~eful.. ~n~e~:ef~'1i':_,;, '~'.9,d},fr~t':i~.of;Jh.e PH'/f G.R.··No. L:~8697, Ma.y 3\ staging a_ strike or. ·locl
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;.:· A Strike.is lilegal if it is Declaredand Staged: 1. · Without complying with the procedural but 'mandatory requlsltes: - ·· fl.. ·2. For an unlawful purpose such as·to compel the [f: ·. dismissal .of an employee or to force recoqnition of the union; . 3. Based on non-strikeable or invalid .grounds such ( as: . . . 4, .. W_1thout first havi_ng bargained collectively; 0 . • 5. In violation the No-Strike; No-Lockoutclause t in.ttie CBA; .· · ·· . ~: · 6. · Without first. submitting_ the issues. to the griev.ance.machinery or voluntary arbitration pr failing to exhaust the steps provided therein; '" · 7 -. : A~ainst.theprqhibition by raw: i. . ·. B. Strike staged .~ya Mino.rity union; . 9; · · ~trike staged QY. a !J.nion which is not legitimate · (CHAN,_l..a~or Law (2016)~ Ch. 7).
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Prior notice and hearinq are .not required in the issuance of the assumption or certification order (2 AZUCENA,supra at 640). . . .
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Hospital. sector; ·. grectrical power supply; .· . ~ Water supply services, to exclude small water supply services such . as b.ottfing and refiUlng . stations; · · · 4. ~ir traffic control.and . 5. §uch other industrles as may be recommended by the . National Tripartite Industrial Pe~ce Council (NT.IPC) ·(D:O_. No. 40-H~13, Rule XX/I,· Sec.: 16). · · . . . , · the ~s~umption of Jur'.sdiction o_f the 1.. 2. 3.
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FIFTH.FACTOR: INJUNCTION .. : ·. . · ;,_,,. ·. 1. lf a strike or lockout has not taken place; the when· ihe Secre"tary of Labor.asSUO)~S;~?,(t . parties are. enjoined-to conduct any untoward· jurisdictio'n over a strike · . i.. ;::-r~:· :·\ action that may lead fo a strike or lockout, · W_heri· there exi~t~ a. [abor disp_ute ~ausing_ ?r l(~~f\ ~- '.-~;,~~ If~ ~trike or !oc~~ut has already taken pl.a~e;aH . to .' cause a strike o~:".· lockout 1n .. an mdu$,tliY, , , , ,, -; , ··-- striking. and locked out .workers shall, w1\hm 24 indispensab~e.to._'the ~ati_p'n:ar.i_n~?rest,· the se5r~tat(, ;r;, 1r; ,·::~:-:pRig,sfJ~~m. receip.t of_ .an f,.sstimption ·or of Labo_r. will aJ,sume.·J1.,msd1c_t1011 over ,.tl\(Vlabo_r,,.;' ·Ge.iilif'!Qati.on Order, 1n:imed1atefy returri to work ?i~P~!e-.ofthe- ind':'-~trt .Th~.p.ower ofi~~u,rriptio~ ottLJ · and· t~7f~~~mployer sh.?11 immediately resume J.UrrsdJ~bon·or CE!rbf1,cal1on by the· Secrii!~uy('ofL,_ab6r.J~1• operat~c;,ri.,s1?nd rea~m1t all workers· under the . is intl"\e n~t~r.e) s~?1e/~~s~«"~c~i'l_~ifions prevail.Ing before the Worl<ers Umon v:. Se~.. Confes9,rr:;fi3!~. Np}~W169~. l-" stnkf. ·· -~ _:\·: · . . . · ..... · . · · · 1~\ Marcfl 1~_9!). : . . . 3. At fny .~Oll1~1\'ln trme;_ !he·. part1es_. a~e .not· . ·, · ••. , · ·· · . . ·.• \ -:ii"·.·>;;-;;;;~_). •., ...,; ~:-::.,· I,,:) ·P{~!t~!~~-·~!~o~s.ub~1~ting-th~ -.dispute ._to <;ond•!.ic~r:is· _for . ? . yahd ""-.;~xerc•,~~.f;'°(. J:~~:' , l\d . Vo_lt(Qlf.!tYi-N:91Jmtioriw1t~,th.e.Secretary of Labor Assu:mptipn ?f ~ur.1sd1ctlon.. ~ut~.~d..1¥or""1-~, · .. -J/ . t,,•f and Employment or_ h1~/hE.J!" ·duly .. authorized 1 .. Both. pal'W3s .have requested: it;he·::Sec~etary,of . t,:( representative as voluntary ·Arbilrc:itor.or Panel Labor to . assur,:ie ji.Jrisdlctlon ·pfer tti~ : labp'r .ftf~Y>?!-\qfVol4r.itary·A_rbitrators(D. 0. No~-40·G-03 ·Sec. Instances
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Affer. a ·cqnference called by the1"·$ecreta(Y/'Of .. Labor· 'c;,fthe·.. PrQprieiy ?f fh'eC_is~~~s~H~i?the Ass.umptio.n or Certific:ation 9rder, in"t,tit-proprio· or upo·n request or. petition l?Y either pa,rtytq ·the· labor: dispute {D: 0, No. 4.0~H-13, Rule >(X/1,:.sec. 'f~). ·· , · · · · ·' · .
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The.Secretary of:L.;9bo_r·may either: ·, . · .. ·. · ·. 1':-· As'.Surri"e jutisdiction an~ decide it;.(personaf):"o( 2. - Gertify )he ~ame fo_ t~e NLRC for· compi.dsory. · · · · arbi.tration·:(~elegatio!l) (2 AZUC~NA;.supra. at .6~7J.·· . . . ·. - ·
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labor disputE/~~y be assun:,ed_-b/ the Secretary oniertified· to·the NLRC even before the a·ctuar sti:lging of i:i strike· a· lqckout'since Art.. 263 . of.the L~bor Code does-not.require the ~xis.le.neeof the :Strike· bi.it.. only of a _ lab.or disp(ite °'1nvolying .. national. iriferest. · What.. constitutes "indispensable . · . industry" ' is based upon'. the'' "discretion the Secretary of labor. However, the Presi<;lent or"the Phifippin~s shall no~ be precluded from determining .. irldl,lstries, w,hich·in his opini6ri"are indi~pensable to the ·national inl~rest (2 AZUCENA, s1/pra a"t .642).·
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. . . . A motion for.·reconsideratio~ does not' suspend the· effe-cts, a~ the aisu:rnp{ion orde"r ·is.·_immedialefy executory .(Te'/~(unken S.etniconduc(ors-Employees U.nion-FF.Wv. Secretary of Labor.J:ind Employment, G.'R.No:.122743, OecefnJier12,.1997).: · . . . . . . . . Decision on th~ Assai~·ed Labor Dispute; Fi11ality · Withi"n s·days from th.e..issuance' qf the ·assumption . or <;:ertification order,. a preliminary tonferenc.e· or ' hearing si-iafl immedia'tefy be conducted by the.office . of the Secretary .. of. L~bor and Employment, 'th.e ·. NLRC or th~_.-Voluntary Arbitrat9r·or Panels ·of · Volunta.ry Aibitr~tors as the case' may be. . · ·
The decision" of ihe Secretary .of Labor, the NLRC or
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Voluntary Arbitrator· or Pan.els of Voluntary· Arbiti.ator& shall be rendered within 30 calendar days. from.submission· of the case for ·resolution and shall .be fin.al and execut~ry'10 ca.fern;iar days.after receipt thereof.by the parties (D.O .. No. 40-H-13,.Ru/e XX/1, Sec. 18). ··
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Note: Payroll reinstatement would be proper in case circumstances arose which makes" . actual reinstatement impracticable; such as in cases where teacherswere ordered toreturn to worl
· dispute . . · · .. 1. Only issues submitted 'to t!'l~. Secretary may be .: resolved by him (PhilippineAirlines, tnc. v. Sec: · of Labor, G.R. No. 88210, January ~3. -1'991).·· 2. Issues submitted to- the Secretary for resotution . and· such· issues involved in the Jaber dispute itself (St. Schotestics's College· v. · Torres;·_.G.R. No. 100158, June-4, -1992). . · 3.. Secretaryof Labor rnay subsume per'l~ing labor.·. oases before Labor Arbiters wf}lch arelnvolvedir;r· the dispute and decide-even ·Jssues falling_·.. The ·rn_ing. of a petition with .the -Labor Arblter to;. 'under the 'exclusive and_ -oriqlnal jurlsdietion of . declare a strike illegal i_s not a. condition sine qua non LaborArbiters suchasthe declaration of.legalify. . for the validterminatlon of employees who commit illegali_ty. _of: . strike : (International. . . . ari illegal act the course of strike. . . Pnermeceuticels, inc: Se9. of Lpbor; ~.-R. No; . · · . .. _ · 92981~83,·January 9, 1992): · · . . ·· · ,:ne us~ o_f-unlawful meansln the course ot.a strike 4. Power. of Secretary of'Labor is plenary: aritl..==ic.:--!}Jnderssuch strike iliegt;1I, The filing of _a petitlon to ' discretionary (Sf.·. l,u~9.·s Medi6al ._9ffei,tf!?v. -~l51a-r~u,~ s~r.ike· illeg_a·i-: i~ unnecessary (Ja·ckb~lt. Torres, G.R. No. _99395,.Ju,:,e 29,).fJ-.93).· ~., · .J!.N/,'!sffie~~r_c.v: ,tacl(b1II: . Ef!1ployees· t.-y~rkers _ - · . . . . ~~_.f.:;.:-..,==C!.:a.tf4-N'AF,.4~MU,. G.R. t:,fos. 171(31_8-19,-March Note: Und~r ·A,rt. 294(b) of .th~~a~...o(\8_9)fif.'. ~~ ·. · 20, 2t}{).9Y ,tl\·-., _ . .. ; . · . . .. amended, t!'e. Secretary of Laqgr_ m~f -s~sp~_ns:J,,tl:ie-'·""'J~"~ ~:{? ~~· · ·· ·. _· . · · . ~~ects -~f- the te(~inatio~ _p~n;
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. . . ·. ~~-·unhampered and unrestrlcted.vas are necessary to '[( ensure. the proper and 'adequate protection of life J; · and health of its . patients, most especially ,. emergency cases, for the· duration of the .stnke or f. lockout (D.O, No. "40-H-0'3, RuleXX_JI, Sec.1.17). ._ .
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SIXTH FACTOR: AGREEMENT·OFPARTl°ES A no-strike prohlbltlorr in a .QBA is applicable only to economie strlkes. In other words, l)LP strike isnot . .covered and~o.rkers.maygo on strike based on ULP. ·despite·.th.e.no-strike provlsion (PH Me.ta.l.Foimdries Inc. v.. Cou,;t. of °Industrial Relations; (3.R: Nos.' L:.
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No Strike·or Lock·o"'utshall be declared: 1.. · · After assumption of jurisdiction by the President or the Secretary of labor; ' . · 2: After cejtlficatlon or subrnlsslon of the dispute to compulsory or voluntary arbltration; or· . . 3.· During the 'pendency of cases : invoiving the same ·grow;ids for the ~trike: or lockout (LAB.QR CODE, Art, 279(a)). . .
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. . · ·. · , , ·· ·· Note: P:,.ny worker whose employment has. been -rh~ authorltles. are· numerous wh.i~h h~Jd that ;trike·~ -'terroinated as consequence an uniawtur lockout .Y: . held in VJolatiOr,l ·of:°JJ)e terms contained a- CSA are . . shall· be . entitted . to reinstatement with ':full . back iliegql, especially when .they provide' (or conclusive wages (LAE30f?" CODE, Arl. 279 "(a)). : ,,:. arbltratlon, clauses. Th.ese agreements: -. must . be · .· · · . · , l strlctlyadhered.to Md r.espeh:id "if their endshave ' ·. Who may l~se emp1oyment by reason of strike t to be .achieved (GOP-CCP. Wor.kers Union v.. coiut :-, .1. .A_n~ union o_fficer who knowingly- participates i_n. of' Industrial --R~lations; -G.R.··. No. 'l-330Ji5{1d . anllleqalstrike; and ... · · . · _- · · · . September 10, f9?9). · · · · . :'.'.\//.,\ , 2: Any_· _y..'.ork_er__ ?r union .o~ic~r: who. kno"".'ingly • •• ,.__. • • • • {-:, ,.rf · ,·~·~ ·, · · parbc1pates m the· c<;>mm1ss1on of _illegal acts. 1 _Once. the. disp.utf h~s. been . cpnvertecl lnt6!"'..a·. durir19·a:"Strike' may be declare~ to have losfhis. ·preven~ve r11ediafi_orf-qas~; . the noti9e of ··strlf ;~'/·: ;·:;~~~~P~~1nt JLAB<}R coo~. A_rt: 279 ·(a)). c:l_eemed dmpped from the _dockets as ifAq,,~1ice.bf.J-rr_,....--..1:~~p(".;,_~. · . . · "· ·: .· .. · : .stl'!ke ·:.~a~. 9ee11
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ART-;CLE279,PRO.HIB~TE~·ACT.iV~tt~~t Wh · has J ·tsdlctl fo D t . th··- .h .J. -1,ty . .f. · udr_L·... k ont. . ~ ermu:ie e,_:i;!eg_a.' Q · 5~.k u I e an · oc ou · .. , · . : · · , , . . . : . . : : . . ;,. - 1 :- -~r,fb_or ~btt~r -.- U.P.00. t9e_ ._-fihn_g of a. proe~.r · .complam.t,and·~ft~~~. ue heanng (NlR_C R_ules--of .
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Jlir!sd1cllon and the_ 1llegahty or le9aht~- of_ th_e ·. stnkell~ckout.. _is· -~,s~d. _.(LA$0R ._co_DE, Aft._ _ _ . . . 278(g)), ~n~- , . . . · . · . · · ., ··. 3. . NL~<;_. - i_n e?l.~es. c~_rt,~e~.- by the_ S!=?<::_retc!ry of _La~r ·:_IQ ·!h~ -co111m1ss,~n. _for :co~pulsory . ·_aro,tration:_(µ480~ P_QD/=·'Art ~78(!?)). Lab.9r Organ1:?at1o)l~ ·: · . : . . .: .. . No labor organizationor. employer shall declare a i . . .. strike or lockout: . '.·. . : . . • . ·. . . ,.. 1. )Nithot.it ·firs~ havirig barg~iMd . col ie.ct1vely · in -5: . . . accordance with Title VII of' !his Book; . · '.' · 2, ·· Wit~out- first having filed· the notiee required. 'in· · Art. 278;· .\Incl . · · · · ,
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_syike __ .s)aged with.our" complia_nce. ~i~~_:the. · requiremen\s.or Art. 278 of the. Labor Code 1s illegal '. anc;I maicau~e the termination of the:emp'ioyrnent of · part1c1p13ting · ·· ; · · . · · . umon·· · .and. ·.merpbers. · · · · the officers However, the· :liability for ·. the illegal st~ike · ts·· 1hqividua1; nof collective, Tq Wc!lrl'ant the terminc;1tion. · . of an-officer of the;labon)rg~ni:iatio.n·or., that b~s.is, . :·the·employer .mus(sh
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Note;' ·oedar~tiOr\ pf illegality strike·. is . not a pre.requisite to· the · dismissal · of member?· Whp .commilted illeg,\il acrs d.uring a s1rike.' Hpwever. th·e ER must" desist from actirig on the mc1tferwhen it has a-pending cornplaliit f9r illeg_alstrike.in the NLRC:: (2
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·LABOR R. ELATIO.N.S SAWBEDA /.:AW CENT11A£t~ED.BAR QPETIATIONS - MEMORY A/CY 2.019·
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1. . No 'labor organization or 'employer shall declare
·. a strike or lockout-without first having bargained Effect: 'In .case· of non-compliance of strikers, th_ey, .. collectively or without first havir'ig filed the notice . :may be· .subject ·to immediate disciplinary actio.n, . require,d or. without the necessary strike or including dismissal r;,r loss ·of E!mployment status and lockout vote . first, havin.g been obtatned and. reported· to· the DOLE (tABOR CODE, Art.·. eyen ·to crfrnl.nai pro~ectJtion (San Juan·.oe· Dios Educational F,Qund.atlon·Employees Union-Alliance· ·. 279(a))i . . · . . ·. ' . . of Filipino Wqrkers·.v:SanJuan De Dios Educational 2. No -strike or lockout shall be -declared after ·Foundation Inc., GR. No.-.143341, May 28, _2004). ·-~s~u.nipt(on ot.lurisdtctlon by the· Presiderif.. or the S_eeretary. ot'Labor or after- certification _or submission .'of· the 'dlspqte · to compulsory ·or. -Moreov:e_t,Jhe"strike becomes ·illeg~I. because ,o.f the. voluntary. arbitration during. the pendency of'. . disregard of the return-to-work order issued by the . cases· invoivirig -the same gfound~ for the sirlke' .: ·. . _Sec.retarY. '{Union:of Filipro. Employees v.' Nestle . ariocko~t·L.A80RCObE; Art..279(:a)); · · : . . P.HL,..G,R: No.'88710-13; Dec~1T1ber 19i_·1990). · 3. ' .No person s.hall otisfnict,-· lrnpsde, or interfere . . . . . :· i,vith,: by force,· violence, coercion, 'threats- _Or · . . . Note:: 'Ah. assumption o'r certification order of the .. intimicfation, any peaceful . picketing b~=i.QOli.~.Secretaryautomatically resuttsln a.return-to. · eni_ploye~:5' durlnq a~f labor. contrqv~·'}W~6f"'in striking worker.s,whetli7r a ~orresr:
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· :ProJitjed, .that · n9tlj)ng . her~i~ b~ · 1VA11b~iretf1vely.~oll'.I ~rdina~ unio~ ij,emb~~~ Ji~ble, ·.interpreted to'_pfeVeQl.any public offic.ers, fr~~Qiosewho participated. in'the·commiS$i~rt.Of illegal taking any.me'asure nepessaryjo:. ,. . . ..... . . ··..~cts ·n:iust not only be' ide~tified but the specific illegal .' · a. Maintpin peace ~nd order; . . . . .., .. , acts they.each ~ommitted'shotlld-be·described with b: · P.rot~t-iife arid prop.erty; and/or ·. · · · : · · partic1Jlarity (G&,$' transp.orl· Corp:, v.. lnta'rit~. G.R.. . . c. Enfor.ce the -law and legal' iirder (l:.ABOR ·.·.No: 160303, S,epi~mber{J, 2007).·.: ··.· .: . . · ·' · · , °[;ODE'A;.t. 279(d))· .... ·, . ... • ... . ·. . ·.: -._. ·'. : . · ·_. • .. ~ '· · .· .. _.. ; · De.cisio·n. oi1 Illegal .Dismissal· Case is not Res· · :s,. No persoh engaged in plcketing··shall commit ji.idi<1ataor.-l_liegal·Striic~:ca:se : .i.. . . • ' ;;iny. act of.Yiolence,_. coer.cion. or intimi~ation br . The ~LRC'~ 'De_ci;,ion. on the.. illagal dismi:;,sal case obstruct the free··ingr.ess to. o(e{Jress. from the was··n-d_t"res· judic;;ata- on the illegal strike case: ~n aii .' emplQyer's. premises - for. lawfoi. purposes, or' . . aptiqn 'tor declar.~tion of illegal' strike, the caus~ of . . 01:>struct publjc. thoro~ghfares (LABQR- <;;ODE,. ~ction is ·pr-emi~ed on · uniol) · or ~ labor. ·. A_rl. 279(e)J:' . · . or_ganjzation'.s . i:'ond.uFt of · a s~rike , without . complianc(;l with tl)e ·st~,utory. requirements. On .the .. Rule on.Defiance, oi'Assu111pt1on or .Certlf(cajio'n. ott:ier hand; .. in. an actjciri for"ill~~r dismiS:Sal; the cause" Qf ..action· .is: pre!'JllSed:· on·. an employer's ·Ortle(or. Retl!ril-to-Wo_rkbrder. ; . :. . . ·. , alleged d.ismi.ssa'1 of an employee with'6ut a just or .Non-compliance ~lth th~ ass1.1rnpt1on or certification authorized t:ause (Club Filipino Inc'. v De Leon, G.R. order ciJ the Secrelary of Labor, .'or'a .retum0to-work No 168406, january 14, 1015).. . .'order. iSSl!~d:purl,uant ~fieref.o l;iy th_f;·secretary Of .. labor ~·r by NLRC, to which' a· labor·.dispute is
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ARTICLE 281: .REQUIREMENT FOR ARREST , . General. Rule: .A police officer cannot arrest· or detain a ·unioR member for union· activ.ities. witho1.,1t · previpus_ consuitatrons_ with:the Secretary.9f Laqor.·
."ARTiCLl:·280: IMPROVED OFFER BALLOTI.NG '(.;. In an effort to settle a strike, the Department of Labor . arid Employment shall conduct . a referendum by ~; ~ secret : balloting on. the improved qffer_ of _the ~: · .employer on or before the .30f\1 day otthe strike. ·;;!'.: When at least a majority of the union members vote f :_ to accept the improved offer, the sfriking workers I{·· shall irrimediateiy return to ·'A'.ork and· the-employer :: .. s~all thereuoon readmit them upon the signing of.t_he /."·.agreement. , · ·· · •!
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E;xceptions:· . - 1. National security; 2. Public peace; arid· . 3: Commission of a crirne. (LABOR" COD(;:, Art. 281):" ...
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ln.case of a 'lockout, the Department·of.labqr ·and·' ~ Employment Shall· also conduct. a· referendum. by_ ..· .' _An arrest can be. lawfully made in the. following f" secret' baliotlng on. the reduced-ofter ofttie union on. -, cases: . . .. . '.'. · .· or before .the 30th dayof the lockout. Whe_n at feast 1. Any_ person who obstructs the free and· lawful :' :·a"majorlty_ofthe·boa"rd of directors or trusteesorthe . [ngres"s" and _egress from the .empi9yer's ~: partners-holding the controlling_ interest inthe case> premises or who obstructspublic thordughfar~s _"t , of a partnership vote to accept the reduced offer ,.the . ·(NCMB. Primer· on 'Strike1 Picketing,. · end · ,-_... workers shall' immediately-return towork. and ·1he '.Lqdkouf);and . . . . . · employer shall thereupon readmitthem·upon . th€) .·'0 2.. Any per.s"c;m w_ho shall have in.hls: possession ,~~- signing-of the agteement (LABOR GQDE; Art.·2~Y';/tJ. .dead!y ..weapons i!1 violation ~fB.P. No. 6 (":'nAct ~ ' ... · . ·. . . ·. . .· . ·.· ·. · ·.~rJj/-,"';:,. . Red_ucmg the Penalty For 11/~gf;ll Possession Of -(· Reduced Offer _Ballpting, . · · · · .· . f B/ade_d,· Pointed _Or Blun_t ,Wt1apons, And For ~; . A referendl.:lm conducted by-the NC~ o,:i or be1r~~-,··· • ,).--...:...other ~';f[POSes; Am:n"dmg For The PµrP_ose ~- ,ihe ·. 3~th. d~y of- lockout, for-: the _purpo_;~/ :...,.t!..:...~tP:"E),f"FtNq.~_9) a_nd firearms and explosives tl. · de!erm1.nmg:whether or npt,~he redu_ced·~~~J,of.tli~\'../Jf . "(~if;de!Jn~s for the C~n~uct nf PNp!AFP ;Union -.1s ~.cceptc1ble to the b9ardr·1tJ::d1re9to~s...\.~ - Personrllf!\riLabot Disputes). . t":Jslees or pa_r:tners. . .. . . ',: 1::,,· ;.{ . ·. {l_ w. · . · · · . · .. .· . · .. ,. · · ·. .· , . · J;r (.~':! " . · ·~~ CHAPTERT}(Vd· ASSISTANCE'FO LABOR . . Wflen ~t·l~ast~ m_ajo_ntyof,the -~~JlJO:-of-~~f~~Wr~.o~ !J ·· \ . · ·: . ~ . . • . . ~1,1stees __<;>r_ the par:tJ:ier~. hJ_!9mg .. tt-\~}~0~f1:ollm~;: pA .ARTICJ. ASSISTANCE... BY· THE interest. in -the -.partnershrp,~· .Sf~te...)21,..ac~ept~~~ .. , 1,.,;i ·DEP~RTPJIEN:r:oi:~BO.R · ·. · . · · reduced offer, the workers sli~_1mmedlfl.f~y, re\!'.!~·.:.·v.,.:_~!:'."il."''::,.j;.;:,··',.· . . . . · · . to .work; and' t~e. ~_mplo~er_shall~~f~,Q~~r~aff"1!.· ~ ARTICLE .2at'.A~SISTANCE BY .INSTITUTE' . ther.n upon s1gn!P~ of _th~_ t'l9~~1,merit ;.<;.>FLABOR ~D M.-?-_~PQWER.STUDles· ·... , · C(?Dl;,, Art. 280). · · ~1._A ,J . · . 11.1TMre··is ·110 more .Institute of Labor and, Manpower . . .. 'f . .,~ ,·-'. ,jtf. ~· ''.l·'''"'~·.,, . . .· ; . ,(.. ·~ eel -·· · . · · ·· : . · · R d 4·.if'd ·0f'fl,[1:t::-:-..i:.:., :-""'Sti:1u1es~·lts·powersand functions are novv pe11orm 8· 11 _ ,m_prQved·Of!~.r a otmg Y.· e,.~~~If''{(_ .. · by.the Institute for Latiw S_tu.die~creat~, by virtu_e of · l;!~l.lo,tr,~-EO. No. ;?51. issued 1987. · · . ·· .· · · ; . .. . .. ~- cin ..!uly:2_5, . ., . .
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ARTICLE .284:· PROHIBITION ·.AGAINST ALIENS, EXCEP1IONS- · . .
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General Rule: All aliens, natural or juridi~I as well .
as foreign organizations are strictly prohibited from engaging ii}· al~_forms oftrade union.activitie_s without p_r::ejudfce·to ncrmal contracts between the Philippine .Jabor unions and "reqogni.zed . international labor . · qenter:s (LABOR CODE, A,,:t, 284). ;·, . . . .
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ARTICL,E 286: APPLICABILITY TO · FARM TElilAt\lTS)\ND RURAL WORKER~ . .The· provisions· of this· Title pertainlnq . to. foreign organizations and activities shall be· deemed applicable likewlse . to all orqanizations , "of. farm tenants, rural workers',and thellke: Provided, that in appropriate cases, the Secretary of-Agrarian Reform shall exercise the powers and re,sporfai~ilities vested by thfs Title· "in · the. Secretary of Labor' (LABOR
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CHAP.TER FOUR: PENALTIES FOR.\(l_<>L/\TION'·.
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ART!CLE 287:·PgNALT!ES:.
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· E~ception~. .". .. . . . . . . Regular Courts have [urlsdiction over. any. qrtminal .. Aliens who: · , .' ·. · ·. . .actlorr under Art." 287 9f. the . Labor qode · (2 · .1. Woik.in the 'counfry.With.valld permlts issued by AZUCENA, supra.·at _730). . · . , . . · . · · _the-:-ooLE;: ·· 111ay exercise· the' right. to: s~lf. ': r . :~rgaAization and ·· join ~ or assist . la bo~_.Liability · of Persons .Coinm.lttil')g Prc>hi_bjted.Acts . . . o~gariizations of tt:ieir; own c~oosing {or,~Jl.eefi~ 1T , . ~1f:er-~_rlicle279. · > · . . · ·•.. • .• _ . • . • . _. •·. bargaini_ng (LAB,OR.'C.ODE,· Ar!! _2<"~#Varit\.._ . J\/F!ffe.;9~ot les·s.'thari .P1,.000. nor more than 2, '. _Are naflonals 5>f a.ccuntry Wt)ich 91a~t~{}~.~am~,.=..=.-:...--~ lt10,~00.)~li)i::IIOr . . '. . . 9r- si~ilar ri~hts · to _Filipin~~ckeft.,.;~BOR ·. ~·:·~R~~nm'e,_,:i:~. for not less ·th.an'· 3 months.' nor . COD~,,Art . .284! as emend« b'yxf!:~:po. ,.W,J.5;,_'J~~-"""""-!J!,Or'e,1h~~ yfl'~rs. .· . · · .: :·. ,,, r ~-·ti~ ,~,,.,,. . c..r• . "="\,· :~. :-.,iA t-. . . . . . Sec·.'-->91-1I· . ·· . ' · .f:k,"' ',jY ml . ~ W fl ~•·f'cbJ) ·~ ,. · -. . : . :':-· . : '. if· z-, .J! lfli. .ft~· ,Ufahe pelson~~i_~(corivteted··is.c! fore.fgner:· . . 'A~TIC.LE 285: .· R.l;,GULATION. !,)F FOREIGN ~~ 1. · He ihalt b~5's~Sle\tedto immediate summary ASSIS"tANCE . · · {F"):7f · . . ..i1..]· ~-·-.-aeporfation;\~nct ...i° \\ .' . · . . No foreign.indi\lid_ua!,_otgani1ati9..q,~r:e,:itity~a9;:g!¥.e-·~,'ji_ t~~"¥1e .. ~ill .b,e ~e.nnaq~ntlybar.red fro,:n..re:-ent~f.ing ~ny don~trol'ls~ gr~n~s or otP.E:r.J.~X1?11s o,t as$Jsta~£.~ . the. i!ou(ltryJith-~lil'l--Y,es·p·edal·perm1~~iqn ·ofthe. _rr:i ca~_h C?~ in. kind~. d1tect!y_o{ ·1f,i~~f~.t1Y,r~~-'~-bc,f~~~-~r'il~f~tof/Jhe Phjlippin.es. . :·. :. . · . : orgal'.llZatron, group Of. W<;>~i9~h~f.~f;,!~a\X.iP,"3~ t ,d"• - - :P ~,Jd . !he~eo!; .S\.ICh as coop_ijr~tiv,f.s.i t';~~Jt. u~~~~-~11~ J(.(~.JJ.fa.6.l.iPn-~~de0l;>pi" proyi~i~m shall preclude rnstitutiq~.s -~~g~ge? '!:1. _..re~~.arqh_.:\~<;lu~t~~-tL'!il ! . ·'j?.r;9_§.e:cy:t(on. f,9r the ~f!11!3 ac~ un9~r ._the RP<;;, and C
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LABOR R'EtATIONS . · . SAN BE()~ LAW CENTRALIZEDBAR OPEIIAT/Ofl'S- MEMORYAID-2019 ra.,irmmal!llll_!llM!II. ll2IWIB."""'"'""" illilllllll ~_-m11,i:tc1ta>BIE·l!Efil!li-!llll A1ii2zt IJud!!:IIIW!iZ, l!-lllftDS!&\il :Z#rillME·l!INIIIP,1:il dlillili ;af~;pq~&Dffii,: _ }s::&1iiffi#llll!!JlllE&!lll!IIIIH13cit mH!IIIUIIIII fr!Mlml!il!llll~illllli~~UIISSJ .i. •
The growth. of ·associatipns of. employees and the effE)ct of such associations t1p,_on employer-
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.Such kind represe~tatiqn in the 'policy-making bodies Qf private.enterprises is'nol ordained, not eve'n . by 'the· P.tiil. Constitution ·and does not mean'representatioli in the corporate-board .. :· 2·. Wtiat is provided is wor!<er's. participation in policy and .d.ecision~ma.king. pr.ocess ·dite(Etly · affecting• th~ir rights, benefits and welfi;ire (2 · AZU,CENA; sµpra at ~34) .....
' employee relations; The extent and results of the methods of .collective bargai.ning in. ·the determination of terma and conditions of employment; 4. THe methods which have · been tried · t;>y . · employers and associatlons .of employees for . maint,;Jinfng mutually satistactory' relations;. 5. · Desirable industrial practices. which have been Tripartism is· . observed . in the foliowing : 'developed through · colleclive bargaini11g . and governm!3nt agencies: . _ . .ot~.~rvollinJ.ary,arran~13me~ts; . .. . . 1 .. NL~c;·.. . . .. · ·: · .., · . The, possibleways__ of incre__asinq-the usefulness : . ··2: National Wages· and, Productivity Commission . and efficiency..of oouecuve bargaining for settiing (NWPC); • . . . . . ' · : . differences; . · . 3. · ~mployees Compensation Cornmlssion (ECC)'; ,'. 7. "Theposslbtllties for the adoption of practical and 4.. · POEA Gover.nitig'Board; · - . ·. · effective . methods · of _ labor . management · 5.· Phili'pph1~: Health Insurance. Corporation;'·. ,... .cooperation: . 6; Social SecuritY. Commission; and· ··. 8. ··Any other . 'aspects -of: employer-employee . . .. 7.· _GSl$'Board of Trustees (ki.}. . relations concerning the promotion 'of harmony· /'~ .. : . .. . ;. . . . . • . . . . .. and. understanding between the parties: .and ,.y.r,;:·:tr - Functions of Tr~part!te 1_11pustnal Peace Councils · 9'. .·Tne· relevance of labor·_laws_ and .laqot r.ela,\ip;iji('?: )TIPCl:. ~eP_~e~entab?~ otwptkers an~ employers . to natlonal development (LABOR CODE IAr.t..: -.'1.!\ m decision and pol19y-mak1ng bodies of th~ 288'. . . . · . .. ·. ' \l .t: /_ 1 ') go,ver~!fif?nt (LABOR CODE, Art. 29f:J). ..
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_A~T,J~LE 28~: \{ISITQRIAL POV\.f_ER~_,..}:;/ The _t~.-~~~d. condition ~m_ploym~nt. of all: . • . - . . . . . \<.,,A""'' . ,.,,.,.> j -. goyernme11l.1r'ti:iPloyees, including employee~ of V_1s1t9r,ialPo~er lJ.nder_Art!cle 128 Y,)~ft,ch:]~~ ,~\ go~er!')meJ;lt-0.w~ed _ amt :c._ontroJl_ed -corporations, 1.-! .sha!l be gi,ilveHneq\bythe C1v1I Service Law, rules·and · ii,\· regulatiofis. \.
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Inspection ·may be Requires . a ·· .·sit.(om dqne . . through . . the .cqmplc;!int· filed and . t:>Oi.E.'s.ir:iitiative supported by at least·20% . ·of- . the . organizations' . ·rnembe_rship ·
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·.ART1c1:.e.294~·sEc_uRiTYoF TENURE .: · . In cases' ofr(lgular e_r'nploynient, the ,el"(lpioyer shall not termi,:iat~ the ~er:vicesof an.employee ·except for jiJst cause or wnel') authorized by· this Title. An -empioyee who .is unjustly dismissed from wcirk ·sha·u · be ·entitled fo' reinstatement without.loss· of seniority. rjghts and .other privileges._and to his.full backwages, inclusive. of.alfowances,an_d_.~o his oth~r be.nefits or th'eir monetary eqt,Jivalent computed from· .the time his compensation was withheld from hini l.Jp to the tir,:ie of his a_ctual·reinstatem_erit (LABOR COD£, Art.
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LABOR RELAT.IONS· · SAN BEDA LA1:VCE~TRALIZEDBAR·PPERATIONS- MEMORY·AlD.;io,"9
Note:. Not every performance .of services for a fee creates an employer-employee
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that" every person who renders· services to another for a fe~ is an '·employee- to' give. meaning" to ttie . security of tenure· clause- ""'.ill lead !o.absurd'results (Son{a v. ABS-CBN $roadcasting Coip., GR. No .... 138051, June 101 2004}. . . _ .. ·. .
· Eff~ct of the Reversal,of La~or.Arbiter'~Decision. : ~ · to the Reinatated'Bmployee .· . · · ·, Where the decision of .the Labor Arbiter reinstating .tne.employee was reversed on appeal l?i.the NLRC; · · .the Supreme Court ruled that 'it is· Obligatory on.the part of the.employer to.reinstatethe employee arid · pay his-wages durinq tne periodof appeal until the. decision .. of the Labor 'Arbiter is reversed by. the · higher or highest court. Further, the· court ruled, ttiat - the · Labor" Ai:biter's order of, · reinstatement is .. . irnmediatety executory, 'and no· writ of. execution'is' necessary. "to . "implement' . the· said _or.der of . reinstatement ·.(Garci~ .v, Philippine 'Airline$;· tnc., -GR: No: 16485(3,Jariuary.20, 2909), • •
Actual .or 'pay_,011\2011 NLRC Rules . · . of Procedure, "Rdle XI, Sec. . 12) .: . .. .
Actu.al""(eiris)atem~ni or . : . separation pay in. lieu i;,f. .relnstatement -,~~IR) . · . :· . .. : ·;. .. . ·.
Forms .o"f° Reinstatement:.
. Actual ." or. Physical Reinstatement t: .. the· . . .ernployee shall be·:admftted back to work. . • ~- · . P~}lrOII Reins'tatem~nt:... th·e "err1ploy_eei.s merely reinst_afed in . the. payroll (University- : of Immaculate Concepcion,· inc: 11; · Hon'. $ec. of· · Labor, .GR.No. 151379, Ja.nuary_.14, ~005).•. ·
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C.our:t may :pider the. R~fn'state~c:in"t eYen if the .. Prayer of the-· Complafrit. di~. not Include auch . · ·. Relief · r . . ·. ., . . . ' ·: · ... · . So long as there is. a findihift)'l~t the .~rn-ployeewas · . . illegally. dismissed,_: the. court" "cari"_ order. 'the" · . . . reinstatement of an employee eve'Fi jf Jhe complaint -·_doe_i:'; not incl(Jd~ a· prayer.for reinstatement;'i.inless•. os course,. the employee has· waived his' right. reinstatement. ~y- law, an employee "who is_ .unjustly dismissed i_s· ·er:ititled·--,to .. reinstaten:ient, . among .. others. Th~·m·ere-fact that tt;,(! complaint (1id not pray ·fo~- _reinstatement will not preil:ldice the.' e_mployee;.·
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N~te:. If there is an· order reinstatement but the· position is longer'av.a.ilable,.the employee should be gi"'.en a substantlally equivalent · position.. If. no . ·substan.t,ally . equivalent position· . is. ·availab}.e,. reinstatement- should. not be· ordered ·because that would in .. effect' coinpet . tlie employer to. do 'the impossible. In such a sltuatlon/the employee should merely be.given separatlori pay consisting' of.one (1) : month -salary every ye.ar.of service.(1 :·1°)' {Grolier · rnt;I inc. V, Executi~e LatiorAttiiter,ciR. No. 83523, Augu~f31. ·1_9(J9).. . ·
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Components of - SPIR ·.. per · prevailing, jurisprudence · . 1. The .arnount equivalent to at' least· t-rnonth . salary or to 1 -month salary 'for" ev~ry year of service, whichever is higher, a frac.tionof at least -- 6. months being considered as 1 whole: .year (SouthEas.( International Rattan, Inc. v; Coming, . G.R. No. 186621, March 12, 2Q14); . 2. ·Alfowan.ces that. the · employee has been receiving on a regular basis. (Planters Products, . 'Inc. v. N~C. · ~.R: No.: 7.8524, January ,20, 1989). · · ·
· .}r · frown~~ upon ln labor proceedings (General Baptist
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Period C,:ivered . . . . . 1. From first day._ of employment up tothe date. of .finality_ of: deci~ion .(Agricqltural:and. Industrial . Supplies ,Corp.. v, Siazar; .G:R.. No.·. 177970r Separation pay_'!~ lieu of Reinstatement (SPIR) August 25, 20-10).. _. ··. . . . . .. Ari. ·29'4 expressly mandates only reinstatement 'ar.id 2. .Whe~ ernptoyer.' has · already", ceased .. its never the alternative remedy of ·separation p~y i~,;fP) ... operations after the dismissal·. of employees, it . lieu.thereof, Bu_tj~ris_p~ud~nce clearly enynciate~)ll.~~~·t · must be .computed. only up to. the time the ~V'<(ard'of:~eparaµo_n ~-a~ttn .l~e.event remstate'.J}e.rtn't·,-!1\ . employer ceased ~per~tions. · . . · ~s ~He,:1s1b.le. ~ndemagly,.1~is.a recourse base~1?_11:/·~ eci1,1i1y that' has been · sanctioned by the Supren,J~,·• '' .1;..:~R-~.~som l:J:1.~computation must be ·based on the Cour·~-_;n· a .._ci'.)tena Qf -cases. (-Session D1:;lig1J.t~Jq~·~.'it,:i.dS.t.Jf'.$:.ff.i?~P~1ays when Po.ly_mer wa.s. in. act~al Cream and .Fast Fo.04s _v._ CA G.R. ljp::fr7_2149, ~i .; ope~atton!:-~~-nnotbe held hab_!~.~~ p;3y:separatton . Februar.y8; 20_10). . · · . (-::>--- . > ;11;,i --:>·! pay beyoric;l;,,s.Pi;:h·closure of. bus mess !)ecause eyen _ . . . · · : . . : . . . ' .. · , . . ;/),.{1 _.h .)<:'·· if . the ill~ga~IY\dismissed -en:ipJoyees .would. be. l~staf1ces··~-henSPIR wa~_awar~~!t~> H! · r.~m.st~teg!-thfY ~9u19.not P~.s~1bly_w~~k beyond. t_l:'ie 1 . .-\tVhe~ ~f!lploy~r;'.s_ ~~s1ne s._:(.fi~~-·-~~~ljed~tr~ow~: time -oqthe ~ces~tion of. rts _operat1ori_. (Polymer, '. ... _(¥~n!la . J_ockey .Cll!b -~-rtf.a1an'µ"~-R- Np_.. , 1 ~-,J- Rupber,r CO(P· .. !)d_. Jqsep/J. Ang. ".'· .Bayo/o . -1°??,9f!?;·June 2~,. 2<>·1-~);:=·: . :1:..~~) ·· ~:'°:.. ~-;~~ SalaFif(!;'Jiii~.•,ig;f}J~:#-?1851'60,Ju/y-~4, 201_3). ·.- ... 2, · -Remst~tementca_nnofbeeff.i;;.eg:irr.':'i~r' o~~h~ :_ l·-1( · ·.'-d o( impute~- se,:v1ce for 4 .. R!:lUJS~atementi:nay_no.longerbe·f~~;;1bleil""' .·.. . wh1Ch.·the employee-_ is entitled. to ~bac,kwages·. 5, . · !t · w~I. hot sarve· the bes! interest of'.Jll\~~9rties (Masag~na ·c01:,crete· Pr_oducts v. NLRC, G. R.. No. · · / involved;' . _;__. ·. ·. ·. · • ,__ - · · 106916, Sep(embef·3, 19~9), · ·· · 6. Comparjy. ;will · be _prejudiced bY. ·.tne · · ·· · · ... · · · · :reinstatement;·, ·_. -. . · ., ·. . · Note: · Award or' separation . Pc!Y in --lieu· of 7. .it .will )'ior·$-erv,e·~ p(uden't purpose; · . ·. · . reins!atemeflf j;q1ot prcipe'r'if. thire 'no _rjndirig :of . 8~ That':tnere ~re, -s~rainet,l relations }Doctrin~ p_f . illegality of disl'l'iissat .-Tllis · is · s·o · because. the· · .. Strained Relatf.on~);Were.the·. ·employee has-. · principal rsrnedy. Of . retnstaternent· may· Of'1ly· -be . · ·. already been replaced· permanently by a regular · ~ranted :ca·se thE:i dismi~sal · is. illega!' '(Leopard _.· .... ~mployee·- ar:,d:· .'tt,~re .. is.-: no, _sub$.t.anti'a'lly. · Securityand fnvestigafion-Agen.¢y. v.· Qui(oy,·,G.R .. · :eqi;ii~alent·; position.·· to .wt)ich·· he: may · be NQ, 186344i'Februa:r20,.2013).: · · · · · · ~. rein.stated( ·. .. . . .. ·; . . ! . _, •. . 9. iWhere;ihe dlsrriissed ·erriploye~·~ position is ·-no ~mployer does· not haye . ~he· ·option to _choose . l(?ng~r available at: ttie· tim~ of .reinsfa,tementfor · between actual reif1$.tatem~n\ and separation. pay in . !;!:- • ·:. • reasons not attributable to the ·fault· of· 'the · : - li~u thereof .. Ac:tual reinstatement has tbe. primacy as .. · em'j::,loyer: , · . .... . _ . _ . . ~he · prop~r.. reii.et· t~ .w)lich an. illeg~l_ly. aisrnis.sed .. 1.0. Injury or disal;>if!ty: of ~a.employee;-·. · · . ·. employee· is entitled:· Payr:nent of.separati_on·pay-·' 1':. . 11: einploy'ee has already reached retirement·. · s:hould -.be ordered :only in the event tt,'at there ..is·· a . · _ag13. urjder ·a Re~irem~nt Plan; · · :· . ·· showing that reinstatement' is n.ci longer·possible ·by .· ·· ·12·. -D~alh oJthe iJl.~gallydisrnissed emP.l~yee: , ··. rea-s9n· :.. of the ·jJ.istificcltions ·a1.10Wed ·... ·uncfer·· · ·· 13. s·~te Of the <:9mj)ariy; or. · . e.s.rablishe~jurisprodence. (JCJfu}son & Johnson PH~ ·>:-; 14. ·. lnsolveoi;:y ·of the GOinpany·. {CHAN. Pre-week Inc. v. johnson ()fflce ·& S.q/es Uoion-FFW,.G.R. No.· : ·,_ . Notes on Labor Law {2~1'8), p.61). · ·· . · 1727Q9, jury~. 2007),: .·
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SAN BEDA·J.:AWCElflr!AllZED.BAR OP,~TIONS- M~ORYAI.D2019
actual reinstatement or pay;oll reinstatement. In the i.atter, there· lsno such option (2 AZUCENA, supra at
Dottrlne' of Stral'ned·R~lations .. Under the circumstances where _the relationship of emptoyerto employee is so strained and ruptured as to . preclude ·a harmonious working 'relationship should rejnstaternent of the employee be decreed, the latter should be affordedthe right to separation pay so that he canbe spared the agony of having to workanew with theernployer undef an· atrnosphere. . of antipathy and antaqonisrn and the employer does : not have .to; endure the continued services' of the . employee in whom it has lost confidence. (Esma/in v. Nl.:.RG, _·G.R. No.· 67[)80~ Sf otember 15, 198_9).:
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· Backwages is a remedy affofding the employee W'!lY to recover what he has lost by reason of the . unlawful dismissal (Tiinoted Sarona v. "NL.RC, 'G.R.. . No. 18.52[JO, 'January 1_F),_ 2012}.
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Note:·-- E'ntitler,nent to backWages of the illeg·ally dismissed' employee flows frorn law. Even if he does not ask for it,. it may be .given. The-failure to claim
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backwaqes in the corriplalnt.for illegal dismissal is a .. R13quisites: .. . . me.re procedural la.pse which-cannot defeat .a right. 1 :·: The employee concerned occupies .a positlon , . granted under , .substantlve law . (St. Michael's ·,. -where be enjQ}!S 'th~ trust and confldenceof his ·. . fnstita(e v, Santo's, G.R. No. 145280,"December 4, · ·empLoyer: and: · ,-- · . · . :,: · : · . zoosi: · . . 2. -ff. rein~t.ate<;f,."an. 'atmosphere' _of antipathy and · · . . . . : 1 • antaqonism 'may be generated as to _ad11.ers~~"=•P~ornputat'fon of Backwaqas · . · ... · aff.ecf. the· efficiency' and productivi~i'l(af'·t11e":l'LJ. . ~rrs;t~~p,utedfrom the time of: the iJlegat dismissal ·· · employee concerned ($fobe~Mack~y¢ab[e_.and ~... . \,to'·lTme-::O(~ctualreinstatement. If reinstatement is . · f:?ad,io Corp.:'{- NLRC, G.R. 'No. '{JQ'5.:(J?¥(rfh;J~rr-;.,. . ~;1~ge·ij8.9~~i.~~e.it' is cpmput~d until finality of the -1992). . · /~;,,. y~~: / ... eGi~~l(St.J,0~el}_hAcademyof'(alenzuela·Faculty . . .. . ·. . · .· .. f . :Q£ · .~_;,--""~':°"A'S°SQ.qj,~fion ..f'>'St.. '¥J.(2Seph Academy ~f. Va/em;ue/a;_ Eve!1 1n cases of 1lle:ga1 ~1sr11!§~Jr-«tl:iffdoprlne, 4 ~·R, No. 18-2.,"g!;tl;'[~i))~_e13,. -2Q13). · . . · . straine~ relati.on~·· is not. ap~~fi~ inEIJ~rimi6ci!tely _J.s . ~\. · . \ . :\.f. : \\ .. . _ · to. bar reinstatement, espec1~ily wh~fl the Jmpl'Oyee ~ Rule on ,~ac~'l.(ag~ has not indicated an aversiom ioJ~t~rrilngt~ofR"'pr· . •. Tneoaikwage~ '10.,,,.p <;1warded shoulq riot be doe.~,not·oc.cupy a position' 4't
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-~~tef. · The_r~ ' .. 9re · differer:i~s . · betv1,een a_ . ·. · ·· . ·Restores· the ·em Jo ee Allows ·. ·. the Saine· _ · ·~emstaternent order_pt?rsuan_t !~· Art· 229 an1 ~t..· who': -~~ju~th;. eofpioye~ :...fo .' ..recover . . . 294 .. The .fo.r~er ~roy1_des for ..remstatem?nt which JS. : . , dismiss·~d.to the position 'frQni'.'tl:te.. employer that . ordereq: by_ \h~ Labor _.Arbiter . .Re~r1S!c'!te_ment . 'fri:>r'n whic~ he .. was which h~.had iost by'waY pending app~al ,s self-exec_utory. In .the latler., it is·remov d . (i·e to hi f · .... · · 'it f .·regarde'd:asa-rell~fto·c;ir:i·employeewhos~dismissal ·. · ta't' _e . ...... ts ·0h. wd~~e~asl a.r~sµ 0 · ...,... I · d ··11 · ·1 • · t.t · -1 d . t · ·S us quo an e 1s 1sm1ssa. 1s . 4ec aret. , ega • pursuan . ~.'i:i.. 1.ma: an · exec_u ory "''sm· ..I s·saI) .. · · '- . .. · . ul . j u d gmen, · ~·--·-·---~-- ..........---'--~--;...,...--"--'
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·Relnstateme~t- orde.red by' the labor. arbi'ter is s·elf-· execi.i'tory; the one o'rde,red. by· the . NLRC Is. not. Mor99ver, iFl the ~ormer, t~e employer has Zoptidns;
: . 146 I 2019 !SAN E!EDA LAW ~ENTRALIZED BAR ,OPERATIONS
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N~te:: The a.:..:ard bf r~in~tate~ent not incons'istent wjth the. award ofbackwag~s (2 A:?UCENA, sapra at 963). . .. · ... I
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Hence, -they are not.entitled to tu11 backwaqas 'and separation pay in lieu of· reinstalement' as provided in Art. 294 of the Labor Code. As was held in.' · 'Mil/ares, Adelantar is a contractual employee whose . rights and obligations are governed primarily by . Rules and Regulations of the POEA and; more importantly, by R.A. .8042, or'the Migrant Workers and . Overseas Fillpinqs Act of 1995 (Pentagon · tntemetlonel Shipping, tnc., v. Adelantar, G.R. No: .. 157373, July 27., 2004): ·
.Separation pay Is . paid: Bac~wages' Is paid for' when reinstatement.. js] the· compensation which no lonqer possible. otherwise '.the_er;nptoy.ee· · · should nave earned had · .he · not,' ·b.~en · ii.legally. · dismi~s~_d: ...
. OF.W's who are terminated wit},ot.it just, ·va_lid or authorized ~ause are· e!.'title_~-.to: · . ~ . . . ·· · . . . ,· . . . 1, Full relmbursernent ot-ptacernent fee and the Computed on .the basis .computeorrorn the time '.'deductions "made· with .interest.· at f2% per ·.. of the ernplovee's length of illegal disrnlssal up to annum; and · · '. of service. · actual reinstatement, or . :· · 2. s·~laries . for. the unexpired' . portion of . the if reinstatement" . 'is no employment contract (Serrano· v. Gallant longer.possible, un:ui the. Maritime Services, lnc., G.R. No. 167614, Mar.ch f · fl_nality of-the decision.. 24, 2009J. .. L. -~ ,! ~~ ~~~Y,Ar.!~Paid as a v,:h,erewlthalor Pai~ for .the:·.los.s/)~f assistance clluring ·the eamlnqs: .,during \~~ v1,.;Jt'I .' . TTT,0,.-T . ·E· .. ·. ·. ·· . pertod that an employee p~~io_d · be.tween.. il~,9~1:: -y;~,- --'-Y~1DS OF -~PLOYMENT . -~s- ·lo'oking· tor · another d,~m,_S$a1 . · _...p-am't,v· H,--~--;t.t;i.:,::W,. · ·.. . ·. . . .. . ·.empl9ymen_t. reinst~terf!e,r;i};.,.·. LJ~ ARTICLE !~\s: -REGULAR .. AND CAS:UAL
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(2tZl)c:f=NA, _su~ra_ Reinstatement .~lt-~C?-ll~B_ac;kwaE!e~,_i'j;,i\; . · · ;;? 4- : §~_asonal·employm_ent; 1. When .the· d1sm1Ssal .1s· deeme ~ :_too·ii9rsh .. a·. 111 5.. f1x~d~Term employmef'!t; . · · . pena It·_y; : '' ......t.v .-.·i -_: ... . I . t . · · . .· : . · f;i, ·....-1,i-~JI., '-,·~ .,,41.-!£li.,Q b.a t'1pnary emP..oymen; . 2. When tt,e· emp!qyer ~ted in good~\~ithi .,,,~:-.::~{.'.,'. ;,t~;,it..§.ecunty· guards· and. othe~ privafo securiW 3. . ·.~hE!~e}ll~re·.is· np ~v1,t;l~n.c~_that(!-M,'~: ew.~leyer . . . · · pers~nn~I-; and . · .·, :· , . · .d1sm1;:;sed tli~ e[Tiploy~e. (2.AZUCE~,~'fflra at 8. float1n9 status. ::- . 999--1"060) · · · . ·' . · · ' :;.,.·~ · · .' . . , · . . . . ·.· . ,.. ._, ..... _. ,, ·_. ,. . : · 1 .. Regular Employment . R.ei~$ta~ement Vo'.J°th. Lim.ited Backw~ges . .. . Employmeht ifrrangement wliere.the· employee: There.: are inst~nces where . b.ackwage~ were. not · a. Has·· been. eng!'lged. to perform .activities. , giveri '·in' JuJ_I. but;merely li.f!1ited.for .the ~am~. teason: · '. · which are usually ne-c:essary _qr desfi:~.ble in of good fa1Jh._ on the part ·of the employer (CHAN,.thi:l usual business. or trade of the employer; Lab9t Lawf{evleWer (2_0_1.6), 6h, 4). :.\ · · · b. · Has. renoered· at least 1 year .of service; . ·:. . . ' ·.. . . . ·. . .. . whether . such. service is,· continuous or. · Ex~mple:. . . . . ·. ·. ,·: '... . b,roken, wlth.. respect.to the activity .In which · In- San. Miguel -Cor,:,oration v. Jaw;1te, _Jr., the. award . t,e Is· employed; or . :· · . . . . . . . .. . of bac~wagesWas limit~d·only fat 1 year cori·sidering_ . ,0'. 'When an employee is allowed t.o work:afler _the J.Tiitf!;iati.ng· cir.cumstance·of good falth:attributed · · · .. a. pr;obationar·y period (LABOR CODE, Art. . ·tq the· employer ($.)n M/guel. .<:;orporatlori v: Javate, . . 295/ .. :· .. ·. - - _ · · , ·: Jr:-;.·G.R..No: L~Q4244;' January 27,1992). . . :. . . : . . : .. . .. . · Tests of Regu!arify. (N.PP) a. Nature of Work Test· · award~ to ill~gaiiy'·dismi$ Sed .:OFWs Whethe~ or ~ot_there is. reasonable connection ·seafc;Jr~ts_ _;;1re _. considered contractu~1· 'empioye~s. betwee-n particular activity perf
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employer', the employri1~!1t.'is deemed regular . employment (De· Leon v. NLRC,. G.R. No. 'lOl.05, August 21, 1989)... '·
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Casual Employm,ent There is casual employment where an employee is engaged to perform a job. work or service whlclfis merelY·iri~identa!' to tf.ie: business of the · employer, and such job; work, or service i.s for a .definite period made known to theemployee at the time of·engqgement (2 AZUCENA;- supra .at 786). -; · ,·, .
by . the , "employee is necessary or,'.desirable. can· be · determined bytooklnq at the. services rendered and. its relation ..to the ·gerieral scheme under. . which· the business· cir trade is pursued' in. the . usual, course.' It' dl.stinguished from a specific a. .The status- of reqular employment attaches · undert.aking._ that ts · djvorced .'from· the normal to the casual employee who has rendered at · · ··attivities· requjred in' carrying. on the=partlcular least 1 year of service, wh~ther such service business or trade'iEddie· Pacquing v. cocels continuous.or broken: wffh.respectlo_.the ·. · G_r;,ia; ·G,R. No. f{J79.66; Jant.iary 3.1, J008). activity in· which he is employed, and .his .· .. · . · ...... employment shall'· conti.nl,Je·.;·while' such · b. · _feriocfof~ervic;e .Test . . . . . . act!v!ty exists (LABOR CQDE,· Ait,:295). :· · Whethe'c or not the 'employee has rendered at ' b. A casual employee is only .casual for. one · : least 1· year of service.' An empfoyee, who is Y~ · · · ·. c. · .. frobc:itjonary-Erripl~ym~.nt Ti~t ~~j /-~ . ~~'\ ·PUrP,\)'~:_, To give · meaning·'· to', the , . An employee who' _is. ~ll~w~f to'\~j,~~~the-"".~....:....,~~~t!tufi~~~I.g~aFante.es of · se~u~tY .. of · 1apse· ot. the probat1on~t!t{'.Pl:\ngf ~.nall ~~ itenti~.·:~~cl~ right.. to self-orqanization . · considered a regular e;''p1oyl3!!~}(Col~gioD.'el Lt';;... \MeteicfQ ,;-~\ NLRC, 'G.R. · No. ·79869,., Santismo. Rosario v. Em·, anuie"Rojo,.[1.G,R.N_o. · ~,. ff}epter'?/{e,;fqi!991).. · · · . 170388 Se tember 4 20 W,1.,.· · -'---·--j \\ :--· , 11 •· .• • · • . · · . . - .: . . p . ,. . ' .,U f"~-; ., . . -:_'.~~· . -"'~':,y t'<~i!PProj~ctEm~i~J,l;ii-.. ' ·. . . Spe~ial ~roup~f·of'Er,npli::,y.\~~ . · : ~ : : .. !t;f.~r -._jj'~ Th1e· . is 'if>l'ejecitfi employmen't .. when: lhe · 1. , OFWs and Seafarers· ~n.~o(iS\'-~.c:~·ns!L rE!d as>~ . · errlp)f,;wen.tyha;slie~m fix~d:.for·a specific.project . regi.!far employees.. ,]hein lrmp~~r)&r.s. • ''1' . oj'u~d,eftaklligx!_J:f~tcpmp'lefidn or;t_eiminaticin of . · · gove~ned ~Y th~ contraclf~e'y\~i~j'n '(\\{IX'4ir:n~,~ }f,!?'P' been',fcte1e_rrriin~ =. ~t :the .~im.~ of.·. they. are· re'1ir~d •. ·aqp \t,hf:i_f·· _e"q~_Pl?y~t?ti_t:? ~~~~el'ry~'nt:of ·tlie: ~11!PfC?Y~~ .(/:J:,f?OR 'CODE, termin~ted -~l)en:· '~-~ con:,!rac~ e~R~re~J'~·~' .. 29.,91'-: employm~n~ ,s fixed·t~r a c;~~m pe_r1g,a of.MfJ.e,l'~Ny\ p,.,. J . ,. . ·. :;:.·. . · . (Milla.res v. NLRC, G..R. No. , 105211" ~u/~tJ;:..J._::....L.,-:~~9-e~er'aJ~~~}:il~_: . Proj_e9t: ·e.~pl?y.ees. c1,re. : riot ,. 2002). . ··· . · · ~ ~(.{},/) ~~gula~er.pployee.s; t~eir services··being r:ieeded 2. For ~ a: private . schpo_l · teacher ~1( ~c;:gpire "1\, t.\J-olfii~~in.t!'lere ·are projects··to be ui'ld~·rtaken . . permari~ni sta~us in emplqyment •. the Toll~ing · l"v.A.C'!.. ;JPtrOcampev. NLRC, G.R. No,· 81077; June 6, . 'i'~qujsites must con91,fr;' · :·' .· · .. , · · ·· ·: <>-~._..~ 1990/. ·· · · · · · v . ·a .. ··. The teacher:fa'a.tuil~time.-teacher;.·.. . . . . ,... .. . .. ·.-. -.,":·>- . . 'ti.. The,· ··teactjer.· . ri:)ust :_'hav..e . ~endered. 3 .~cepfion_:. .Wht3re_-the ..e,mployr'i:i.ent,of proj~¢t · · .consect.i'tive·year~· ofs.c;?rvice; and .· · ··· · · ~ll'lplbye~s.is extende~;l Jorig_·after the -~upp·os~ed: ·c.... -Such serv'ice must. t:iave 'been satisfactory i?roject ,ha's'..been :fini~he'o, .th.'!:? 'ef'.l1pl9ye1;3s 'i:i're (Sp.ous~s· Lim· L.~gazp( 'HOR.e' Christia'n . ~emoved '·fr.om. the scope of proje6t ·employees· s_chool, G.R. Np.. 1728:18 March 31, 2009). ·~ :and _;;ire. considered .as. regula( e~ploye.~~ . . (Tomas. Lao .Constru9tion · I(•. NLR(;, · (;_:R,. No. :Fo~·piec·~ tate viorkers t9.b~ reguiariz~·d::(ND'O · . ·1,t 6781; September 5, j 997}, . · . · · . . ·. . ~. . . . a·.. Their\vork. mus(6e Nece.$sary o{deskable · . · in 'the u_sual t)us'iness of'the ·em,i:\loy~r; · . . When~ May ' a .P~oject E,niploy~a-·. Become a Regular Employee1 (Re'-Ta'pe) .· . ·. . ... • b.. They wi;>rked. for the employer throughout '·the .. year, :the.ir... emplo.yment: not being . · · .. a. : There. is·. 'continuous ·. '&hiring of ·project . .employees. ~ve'n a(te( .the. cessatiqn· of 'a .. . _Qepenqent c:m ·~ sp~cifi~:.p_r9ject or·.s.eason:·. and .. , · ' . . . projec(fof. the,saine.tasks''or'r:icitut(;l of:tasks . ~. They, workeo ·for. ruO[e t'1a11 (U..year {Labor (the er:npiqyee r;TIUSt CQiltinUO\,!.sly rehired . .. Gongress of the PHI,., 'i'~ NV~C,. G.R .. _No. ~itholit gaps and. interval~}; ark;! · · 1~3938; May.21, ,.. 19,98) ' .. . .. '.
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2q1s SAN SEDA LA.W CENTRAIJZED BAR 9PERATIONS ;'
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LABOR RE.LATIONS SAN BEDA LAW CENTRALIZED B'AR OPERATIONS-: M£A10~Y AJD 20;19
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Howeve~:·if, the workers in the,.;,ork pool.are free to leave . _any time and. offer !heir services to. other ... employers, they are· considered ·projeGt employees (P.olicy Instructions. No .. 20-76; Raycor .Aircontrot Systems,· 'me.. -v, NLRC, G.R. 'No: 114290, .Septf!rriber9, 1996); ·
.The Tasks Performed.by theaueqeo project . employee are · vital, necessary ·. and indispensable to the usual business or trade ofthe employer (Maraguinot v. iVLRC, G·.R. No. 120969, January·22, 1998).:. · Note: Project has reference. to· a particutar job or undertaking that may or may .not be
indicators of l>r~ject Employment: (DuDe:CORU) Either one· or more' ofthe following circumstances, amonqothers, may be considered as l'ndicators that an employee. is-a project employee: · · · a. The .. .Q.y,rati.on 'of . the . specific/ideritified .. tJndertaking·fc5i'which tha worker is ent)agE/dis . reasonably,determir'i'able;:·~, . , . . .... b. -Such 'duration, · as .:well : as- ·.the .specitic 19!18). . . ,work:lservice to be performed, is. Oeffned in an . ' . . . employment agreement and is made clear to the Work p~~'I PrJncij)le . ernployeeat the time of. hiring; ' . . As. ·general rule, employees may or may· not be c. . the work/s-er.vice performed by'the employee is· .f members of- a work pool, Ayt1otk,pool refers; ..to a.._7In Connection · . with. ·,·the particular .. group ·o.t workers from which an _empioyer likf~.=f.:,1:( . ·pmJecilur:idertakingJor.which he.is engag~d;'' . . construction.company. draws the wor)<ers it depld'ys,r/ ·' ~· d. The employee, while not employed a'riq a.waiting or _a~sig'i-ui to -its· various projects . or any pha'.~flf,·. ;';,: ~- • ·. e'ngc:!~em.ent,is: free' to Qffer.his services to a~y the.reof-(2'AZUCEN.f',, supr~·at..775). . · ':i V"· .'· :i~~~thereJJ.1.glqyer; ·. · · · . ,: :· · · i.t''.H:·~~:,.;..~~JJiltTi~,rrninaUor;i· .of his · employtri'ent 1n. the _-r._11embers of..a .wo,s:i< pool· may consi~t~<:>!? . :: ·,1 · · _partretila(_r~oj_ect/undert.akJn.~ ·is .R~p~rt~~ to the a.. Non-prc;>)ect_etnployees.or e111ployees for a!';,\,~J · · [?OLE 1fl9/0naLOffice·having ')Urtsd1ct1on over . . iii'definite period. ·wthey· a-re·.~rf.ipl~yed in.)i;,-,-:'[-t_ '. the ',_1
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. EnJitlementto :separation .~ay · ·. . · M~~~~ts -w~rk'po·d·I from wh;ch a construction· P.roj~ct employee.s are not e{'l,itled to ~eparc;1tion.pay cqmpa'ny dr.a.ws its project emplqyeei; '.li:~onsidered . ·if.they are terri:iinate.d as' a resuJfof th~· completion·of efllploye~s. 'of'the construction C.erof proj~cts · . in which they have. be~h employed (Saberola pc1rti¢ular project, the. completiQ,n of the. project or·.' 'Suarez, G.R: No. 151227, .Jilly, 14, 200(!). · anfphase t~er.e9f will ·not me.an severance:of ~r-Ee .. relatiori§hip. (Polfqy lnstructi~n · {yo. 2():-_76, PH Project. empJoy~·es .-enjoy '§ecUFity' of' tenure. '0·n1y · Natlq[!al Construction Corp. v. NLRC; · G:J~.. N.o. du~jng _the term of tl:ieir:p'r.oject er:nplcjyr'nent (Tomas : ?5323, June 20, · 1989). · · · Lao· Con~trlictlon. v. NLRC, G.R., No. 116·781:; S~pte,nber5,.,1997).
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20)9 SAN BEDA LA.W CE~TRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS
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r-..ote: If. the termlnatton .is brought. about' by the completion of.the'project orIts' phase no prior. notice ot.terrrunation is-required; the. employer.is, under the · law, only obliged to render a report to the QOLE on the tertnination <;>f. the employment.(O.M· Consunjl Inc. No:. 169.1.70, 9,.2(}W). :. .· v.. Gobres, G.R. . . . August . _...
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Se~sonal'Einployment · · · . . s.~asonal . employment ·. is . an employment· arrarrqement where an employee is engaged. to work-durlnq a particular season 'on an activity . that is usually necessary or desirabte ih' the . 'usual business or. trade. OT the employe~
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(Univer.sal Robina Sugar Milling Corp. v. Acibo, · G.R, Np: 186439, January 15, 2014). Note: E>urjng . off-season, · the · r~la.tionship of employer and employee is not severed but .only suspended; .the seasonal employee Is merely considered on leave of absence without pay.(Manila Hotel v. Court· of Industrial Relations, G.R. No. 'L188!5, September 30, 1963). '· . . . :
f:teason'·fo~ validity of fixed-pe;i_od employment . .. (Brent.Doctrine)~ of .parties·rtfrcontract°sQ . . Freedom , ..
· long as the stipulations -thereof are· not contrary to iaw, morals •. 90(?,d customs, publlc order. and public. policy (Brent Bcho67. tnc: v, Zamora; G.R: No ... l» · . 484~4, Febru?>y5, 1990). . · · · '
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5-1&¥ ~· ... f Note, It does. not necessarily follow that where the ;{duties of the employee consist of .activities usually ~t necessary or- desirable in the usual- business. of the
Ru_les on Fixed~Ter~ Employment:
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1. Notice of termination is not necessary In fixedterm employment· (Pang[~inan v. General Milling Corporation, supra): . . · 2. Employee·is·deerned.regular if cqntract failed .to . state the specific 'fixed period Of ·employment. (P9seidon Fishing NLRC, G.R. No. 168052, - February 20, 2006); . . ,,::erminaUon prior to _lapse of. fixed-ter.m contract .. should- _be for a .just' .or authoriz~d .cause (Anderson v. NLRC,- G.R. No..· 111'212, January · 22 1996)• .. · · · · ·,. ' 4. .-Li~bi°lity for i'1iegal.. dismis.~ai.· fixed-term · · eri11?loy.ee is..ol')ly fo_r.sa!ary for une~pired ·p9rt.lon · (N~w --Sunrise Metal 9onst111ction Ii. · Pia, G."R: : · No: 171131, July:10;.2007)/ : s. e·mpioyees ailc~i.\ied. to work beyor"\d Jne·.rixed . term · become.. reguJar · emplOy!;leS.· ( Viernes :v: NLRC, G.R_,-t;Jo.. '1-08405; April 4, 2003). . . ·..
.f ~ emplqyer, the parties.. are forbidden from agreeing on .•
~-;: a period 'of· tim_e for the performance of -such v·activitles. There-is nothing contradictory between J.f~ ·definite perlod et-employment and the nature of the { · ef!lploye~_·s. duties (P_angi/infJn· v: Gener.ai_. · Milling .,.:, , corporetion;G.R. No. 149329, July 12, 2004). . ,,;,f; However, ln.the following cases, workers.employed. · · for- a . .'fixed-term . were' considered- as regular . : · empl~Y~f!Sj81 C)" ·. · '· :· ;-- . · · . . . ·. - . 11<,= -, 1. · The employees we.re allowed-·to work f!eyqnd tthe fixed-term · without the benefit ·of a new contract .·(l(if;mes· v. NLRC, G.R. No. 1084(:)5,. i'
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: Exception·: .While tlie Supreme Court has. · upheld the 'legality of fixe_d-ten:n _employm_ent, .wMre from·the'circumstances.it is apparent tnat ·. . . the·. p·eriods .have be~n imposed· to preclude acquisition· "bf security of tent.ire .by the . e'mployee, they.· should. be s'trucis down or • di.sreg~rded·as contraty t.<>pµtilic policy (Manila Water Co." Inc: v.· Pena,: G.R. No.. 158255, July 8, 2001; ·Magsa/in v..' National_Otgan;z_a.tion·.of WorkingM~n; G.R. No. 14[!492,__ May 9, ;!003).
6 rrf6nth~ ffom the.date
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working (LABOR CODE, Art. 296). · · .· . The.comp1Jtation of the 6-month probatlonary..period . is reckoned frori:i the. d~te of appofntment _up· to the same calendar date of the 6111 month folloiNirig .(Alcira ... v. NLRC, ·G.'R. N~•.-149859, June·~. 2004): · · ·
2019 SAN SEDA LA\/y CENTRALIZED BAR OP,ERATIONS
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Excepti_ons: 1- .. When it. is covered ·by an apprenticeship aqreernent stip!Jla.ting a longer period :(LAB.OR CODE, Art. 296); . .2. · When t,he parties to an employment .contract ·agree otherwise; · . .3. When the· same is. established. by· company policy; and. 4. When the same is required 'by the nature- bf the work performed . bythe . employee. .
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Note: The probationary employee is entitled to procedural due. procesa.prlor to dismissal from .the . service. However, unlikethe 1•1 and 2nd grounds, the 31d·grou11d does hot'require notice and hearing. Due process."of law for this third ground consists of making the. reasonable standards expected of the. employee during hlsprobatlonary period known to him at the time of his _proba'tionary employment (PH. Daily Inquirer,'lnc, v. ,Magtibay Jr., G.R. No: 164532, July
2.4,
2007),
. It notone.ot the exceptional circumsta~ces·aoove is proven, _the employee Whose employment exceeds ·~,'months is undoubtedly a regular employee (San. Miguel Corp. v. Del Rosario; 'G.R. No.. 168194 ' & . 168603; December·13,.2005).
·
·Termination to 'be valid must be done- prior to the 'lapse .of probationary period ·.(Pasmaba v. NL'RC, G.R. No. '16.8421, Jun« e: .2007). Termination a.few .days -~_fterthe lapse of probationary period cannot be 'done without due process as tie has already become . . · ·. ·· · . ·t · · a regular employee by that-time {San- Mii}Uel ·qorp. ExtensiorJ of Probation -, .v. be/ Rosetio, ·G.R. No. 1.(581.f}4 & 168603, .The .employer and-: employee may,. extend .Jl_¥-.=;.,.,,,,.._~.Q_ecembe_r 13, 2005) • .' ·. ·· · . agre~ment the probationary period of emJ?J.o~ent l{ ;· 1\ ~.,..,.,'<,,,_ · .. · . · -beyond 6. months. · .. However; ~proba~j9pary ~'R~6u1p;}ta_tus after Probationary Period . · employment cannot be .a_d'inti,nit~rn .:t~a'(Jw~ef.'f.Sttg;-:;="':"·~ft.. -.E{mp!o}-:ee'\rhois allowed to work after a ... . Inc. v. Hon ... Leogardo-Jr,, _G.R_t>f ;(42~~~/Jl.t'ltfary =--prof>ati~ary_,;peji~d "shall be considered a regular 26, 198~. :. r • .-, :-emp!Q¥;~(~.~OjtfODE, Art.-296) .. · .... ·. /r~,; ·m.i 2( ~¥ ·,;\~J'.'ii.J,~ . . ·. . ~ote: By voluntarily ~i'greeing/(Gt:crq~!an ext~nsiora, .s.tandarf,f·fo~B~gular;!zation . _. the em~loyee waive~ a~y. ~;~L1,._efit·j~ac;h~~g~t.?.,;.t~~ ;tif..\ It is no!j~e. pr~B~11J0WeCT)ployee's i?-b de~cription .completion of the period 1f·he-'stl!);fa1led to VJaT<e tfie"""""'ij~i ':'15ti'f1ne.adequate.. perf.ormance of his duties and · ·grade . during · t~e pertod ~fir~xt~6sio.ri (~fl;it:v~~-~e~'onsii_mties -.~fitc:li~
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Regular Employment: . . f. · Wh~n allowed to work after. probationary. period; 2. When allowed to work in the absence of a valid · probationary contract (b.O. No. 150-16 Sec · , 3.3).,· ' '
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.Rights of Security Gu~r.ds ·a11d other-Private SecurityP.ersonnel: . '· p . . All security gua'rds and ?ther private security. lUVATESECURI'i'Y.INDUSTRY· personnel, .whether deployed or assigned as· {:D.'.O~-No._1so":i6) · . . reliev~r, seasoriali·week~eiider, or temporary; shall be ~nt1tlec!,to-all.tl:fe rightsand•privileg~s asprovided for ,10 .the b.abo.r Code,. c:IS amended, which shall Nole: The guidelirj.es took effect. ci.nApril 29, 2016. · include the folloWing, (Sa'L~ReS-RiS) -· · . - ·· · · · · 1.. Safe and healthful working conditions; . ¢overage . :·. . . · · 2, . .!:abor standards ·such as but not limited to · This ~evised· Guidelines· shall apply to all private . service i~centive leave/premium pay, overtime . security, . detective, .. investigative. aqencies: or pay; holiday- p~y •. night ·shift differential, 13th operato~s,. their. principals or clients, and .. all '. . . ·mon~h 'P~Y.i pn,d separation pay as may· be cornparues .employing security guards· and other~,,._. ·:') . .provided m .the Service Agreement or underthe private security personnel (D.O. No. 150-16, sec/:tj:',:f/l . l,ab_or.·cadei as amended; . 1 . • .. • (··-'": (/' • :\ 3. . Retirement: benefits. 'under Republic Act No. P.riyate Security P.~rsonnel . ·.. · ·· · 7641, ~epu!)l\c.Ad N9·. 1161, ~s amended by ,_.Refer~. to ·n.atw~l persons, mcludihg .· prtya.(~;.,.;:/i':·~;;;;-tRepubh~-_f.ct:No: 8282'.._and ret!rement plans of .de!e9tives;. security· ·?on.sultants arid /!scl.;urityl~h·~.U.L ..... J~~-:J_e~~ity~e~.1ce c~ntractor; 1f ~ny; . . . .offl<;:~rs, 1::mployed b~ privatesecurity ~g~'tjcyorfirrh.,• · 4 .. ·§?c1a1·.s1r~pntya~d welfare benefits; · · · . to. re~der. s.es~tjlyand/or. detective· (~(Vi,c;;es.(D.Gf:!;-'::.;~ - . 5. Right .. ffft· sel!-orga_nization arid collective No, Hi0-16,sec .. 2(f)t _ . . }P(} .._ _:,..;. ,
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Pro))ati.o.naryEn:ip!oymei1t.. T.he '.·probationary .. pe.riod . of nel(Vly-hir~d· · ~ecurity . gmmls and ..0th.er .Private. security personnel ·in the· 'private secority industry shall not 'exceed· 6. months· (D.0 .. 'No. 15_0-16, Sec. 3.2):. · · ·
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· Tl'.~ns.fer of Assignment . · In case of transfer; the wage rate most favorable to .. ' the sec:urity guards and other private secu~ity . personnel ·shall apply. Thus, transfer of security guards and other privat~ security personnel to areas
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'exte~t th'at the p.ri~cipal liable to its direct · employees; . . 2. If there are wage lncre~ses or adjustments after the·. execution the ServiGe. Agreement, . the prescritjed •increases in the -wage' rates of s.ecu·rity· guards a,nd . other, private secur-i.ty personnel shall b~ borne ·by prlncipa1· and· the· Servi.ce.Agreemen~ shall be de~rried amended . 'accordirigfy. Jr.r tne. even't lhanhe.. principal'fails.·· to. pay. the pr:.es,;:'ribed increases, the S$C/PSA shall be. jolntly .. ahd · · sol.ida_riiy liable wifh the . princ_ipal; · ··' • · ·
outside ·the region. of the domiclle or head office of the SSC/P~A shall nor result to reduction of the: wag~. rate being enjoyed by the security guards and other ..private security personnel prior to· such . transfer .. Transfer to· an· area or region. with ·higherwage rate'shatl.rehder the'hlgt,er rate theapplicable wage rate. for the, transferred -securlty guards· and · other. private. .security personnel . (D. 0, No. 150-16;
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D~dU~tio~s ·or depoalts for loss or damage on equipment supplied..bY employer . . · · Puisuant to Lab9r AdVisory No: 11, Series of 2004. · dedi.Jctjons or · ·requiring- · · cash deposits . from · Tfle immediate recourse pf .sequnty gi.Jar.ds .and employees to answer. .for reimbursement otloss or · other private security personnel jor' payment of damage on tools.jnaterlals. or· equipment supplied -· . wage increase .bef~r.e litiga\ion Is ·wi.th tf.iejr. by.-the employer is· allowed ·.in ·pdvate··security ·employer, the .: .~SC/PSA. .To ,_.enabie· 'the agencies as. a recoqnlzed andreasonable inclu'str:y . · SSC/f:>SA to 'cornpty with the. new- rates; the practice giv_eri·the· nature.ot the .servlce or busl!1;?.~=~""'"-conside,:ation · paid 'by lhe p~\ocJpal,t9r the However, .for deductions of such nature. to J;i.e::va11d, 'il ~~Se!>J,JCity g_ual'ds'. .wages has. to · be ~djl!sted in the folloWi~g:·f.the relevant provi~io~S·Of 3. ~he amount .. of. suc.h ,e2,1;1'c~i~n ts ifair: c:,fa~]m-:-::~ne-:i.~Mr\-~E~,.~ as arn~n?ed, : h_as _heen · .r~asonable an~ shall ryot~xee~~ the a~tuaftlii>J~~mn.I\"' ¥-~s.t~_phst,ed,ip· .~hi ~DOLE _Secretary or·h1s/her ·or·damEJge; a~d ·.,. ~ ·,...:j,AJ . · \ · .' .~'·\" ~:j-::-'"Jl,tl .n11lyfr1.!_1t~n~ite:c1°r-ar{fl~entntivein tt.,·fHtx~rc;1se·of 4. Th.fl qe~udion _frotn. lhe\w.ag~~of t~{r!.Jplcl 'ee. ~ .. ~~ -· h.~-/yjv~pro~'.Hr.riH1.'WPllWH_r.lhH' pi ir11:ipi·d ~IIHU Ille! . v .. -~oes, not e~c~ed 20%-o\\tl;lereroploy,'e,.el,.wa9e~ l,.~ ·.. "°'aie"~1_ngjt.~~~cl~~5A1able ~1th th.El SS~/P~~ to t~e ,n a wee~.. · \~(.,.,~:! \ ~~\~.;.·: ~!l <~~~e ;of 1accr:u'e~ wage and wage-relateq , ._,_~P ~.,. '-'~~~~-fit.s1'~rthe-cilf3t~ermay·owe,to-j~s secl,iiify Note: In. the.ev~nt that an SS9'/f.SA re1il.liresa,,ea~J .."",../ ~a}rd. o_!Yer .privjfe., ·security·· personrel : in the ·. deposit from· its' employeE!s, th~maxim"tiJ:u,~i:bojr_:~H~)..~f.OIIO}Yir;ig lt)Stap·qes·:'. . . . . .: .. shall not exceed· the·.. erriployee\~1 rn<3~~*-~~J;_.·~.d(wli1_~P,, t,~ certlficafe ?f regis~r.ation ,.of· the sal':lry; The ·~id cash d~posit may. be d~efu~teMrprn~~~~ -t,'\~§-~~~A' i~ cancelled, revoked, · o_r .not f!1.e employ~~·s.w?ges m an a!llount w ~ s~ay[not· \""'->\,,r:_.~ewE:dby_t,h~ cornpetex,tauth~rity; or . ·exceed· 2q.%· .of'lhe -employee's, .yages' .(n -. e,~ l' ~,,,:<1\1.~eot!Je co.nfract· be.tween .,t~e ,p_rincipal . . Th~ full amount of cash deposit 9educted sha)l.:151(""'~ ,~nd ··the, S.SC/PSA .is pre-'termin~ted for.. returned to the empf9yee.wHhin· 10 days from his/her . . reason$ ·nof~t(rif?utable:to··the {a.u.li'.o(the ~ separation fr6rri th.~- service ,(D. o. ·No.· 1 ~0-161 .Sec. latter (D. No.' .1,5()-16,Sec. -9:1). · · • . ·8).: ,, .. ·. .· . .· . . . ,.;· : '.. . . .' . :. •, K~~pi:rjg qf ~ecdrds. : · :. . . . · · Liahility arid :rtisp6:!lsi_l:).ilities.of ·~~curity .. se~ice · · The principals; as. lndlre6ternployers,.shall·.keep and contractots/ . · private · security · agencies·. and ... maintain:the.fr.'·own' se~arate recorcls. or :tiles:'.ori the . p!'iricipals-: · c!SS.ignr'rl'erH. of sec1.1rity . gu.~rds -in. their- : premises··. Th·e· $SC/PSA and its principal._or. client shall be . during the. period of the service conlr.ac( which shall .. jo_intly ancJ.·solidarilY 1tab11/with.each.otliefin ar-iy:o.f .. be· _open..- for' 'insp~ction a'ria veriflc::ati'qn· bY.· this . the:foli9wihg .circumstances: (VVlprLin'-V) . · . . .. Depc!rt~ent. · . · . . · : ·_ : . _. . · .·. .. · 1-. Wheo the'SSCWSA faits to p_ay-the.Wag·e_s·of.it~- · . security·· ·guar~s· ,and.·. other: pri-vate: security·. All· empl.oyment .records 'shall b~ \ept ·. a.nd · ··personnel, the· principal .or cue·nt . shall· be: . : maintained in . ahd . about. the. premises ..of. ail .. considered 'th·e "indirect employer" and shall be .. workplaces for: ·at least - 3 year$: unless 'the · ·. jointly ahd severally liable wit_t.1 thci.SSC(PSA t9 establishment has been' irt. existern.e. for less' than 3 . : th.e ·ext~nt of the w9rk p~rfomied by sucll guards-. years,.i'n whfch c~~e·i.t shaU°be required to'mainti:ilin :' .. and ·0th.er priv_afe security personnel· 1.1nder- the . employment recotds. only . durjng such short!3r . Service Agreement; . cti.iration (D.O. No. 1'50-16; Sec: 9.4f:. · . . . . . . . . . . in. the same. manner. . . and: .
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~t . . . . '~ Res~rved Status· · · · . ~ ·secu-~ity guard and. other private security personnel i'. may be placed in a work pool or on reserved status } due to l~ck of service asslqnrnent'afterthe·expiratlon , r or termlnatlon of the· Service Agreement with the ,:,-. principal .'where he/sheIs assigned, 'or due to the. ,;: .temporary suspension of. · security service ;{ ._operations,. or due to valid relief from· the eurrent ~;: p.la~e of work and there is no work ·assignment t.::.: available: , · ·
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JOB CONTRACTJ;NG AND/OR SUBCONTRACTING (D.0. No."· 174 .SERIES OF ~0.17) ·· .. · .. Note: The basl~' of this section on Job Gontracti~g ·1~ · D.O: t-J.o 174 series.of2017 (P.O. No. 174--17), which ·. wasprornulqated on-March.16,-20:17.0.0. No .. 18-A 'was theprior rule on Job Contracting. ··
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No. security . ·guard -and -other private security . NQN-A~:PLICABILI;~~'·oe~artn,~nt Circular No'. personnel can ·.~e pl?,ced. in :a workpool _or on Series· Qf' 2017: (June 9,. · 20.17) ctaritles th~ reserv.ed status in any of the following situations: .inappli?abiUty_-of D_.0. ~o. 174.:17 to-tl)_e'following::·· (Ex'-CR)., · · · 1.-Susiness Process Outsour9Jng_(BPO); · · 1; .. After gp.iration of a service contract.sf there are ·?· K~owl¢~ge ~ro~e~s .Outsourcing_(l:(PO); · · . · : . other principals where ne/shecan he as.signed;'.~ 3...l~gal· Process Outsourcing (LPO);.·" 2 .. f.;,s a meas~re to ~pnstrudively. dismiss the 4: IT. lnfrastructura Outsourcing; .security guc;1td; and . .. . . 5. Application Development; . · 3. As ~n act of ,Betaliation for filing. any eornplalnt ·,.=8\ 6; Har~ware-and/o~ ~oft~re Support; -;; . · against the employer for violation of labor 1a~·V..1( · 7. Medlcat Transcription; . among others .(D.O. No. 15(fa16, Sec. 8._A~m~tio~·Servje:es_; . _ ·: ·· l · . . . . . !_,r,,,,·~~;'1'\i:.~ .9. Baek Office.Operanons/Support; . . N.ote: If ~f~~r. a period of 6 months, the "SSC/Fff:>f<,~:·";·f_:10.po.~str.u~tlon ln~u~~ry;, .. · . l cannot providework or give an assignment_.~-'tli~~~·.r< ·-:~':·.~1:%,a.hli(;.\Secun!yAgencies (except · for the ~;..',
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equip.:nent, machineries, ·.supervision •. work premises, among others;· and . ii. The . contractor's . suocontractor.'s eii,ployee·s recruited', and placed. are perfori:ning· activities 'which ~re directly related to the .main business· operation· of the principal; The contractor. or' su.b~oht_rat;tordoes· not ·exercise th~· ri.ght to· ·control.· over. .the pe'rfol'rriance' of '.the .work of the employee: (P.O. N?·· 174-1.1,.~ec. ?)· .
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The .contractor/subcontractors'~all -Inform; the' . employee.of the foregoing stipulations in writing ·
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. on or oefore the first day of his/het employment . ... :.'(D;O. No.:·174-17, Sec. 11'(a)).. ·
2.. Service Agreement between th~ principal and . the contractor fontain.ing the terms and Letter·{a) above enunefates the ."Dirpct ~elation Jo . conditions g9veming · ·the .performance ' or Prtnclpal's Busirie_ss" Test.which seeks to· address completion ofa specific j<>!:> or work peing 'farmed -the.. issue. of· whether the · employees 'recrulted, . ... · . out-for a definite or predetermined period '{D,O . . supplied. or placed by a contractor/subcontractor to -No. 174-17, Sec. ~(j)l · . . .the princjp~l; are performing. 'actlvities .Whfch ar~ . . . directly related to the main 'bushtess operation of.the . . The service agreement·shall include· the foJlowing:· principal (2 · <;HAN, . The Labor. Code' . of .. f!JJfc.,1,..:.::.-.=,,,,_,;,, _a. The ._specific descriptlon of thi::· job or work Philippines,. Annotetea l..abnr ·RRIRti~m.,J30.1>7f,~p.lf )·" 'A, ~'"""B;iflg-· su.bcontracted, including, ifs· term or. 252) [hereinafterCHANJ.. · : . · . .; ,,_r .(:} . · Y..:;; · i. ',-., r d,1;.itaj101:1;, : - · · · ·: . . . ]h~p~~e.of work and .t.erms and con_d1tio~s The ' existence . of- . one.: el~men~1s ""s~l:1~fif to · ·,_96ve,p:\1Q~the contracting arrangement, to .. establish. \abor~?_rily,contract!ng t~-~greed ·amount .of. th!? ?O~tracted _ PHL., Inc. v. · Ag1to,· G.R. I:,Jo. J/fll§il6.,;Jebry_ary~~ ;[ ·."o//" · ·· ;101:>\,olf~~r~"as .well .:<;IS the standard 2009). ·.· . · "~Y,, · ·Jf' · ,@!':'- .· .U~ · · ·.. ldmil'JisJra~~ve~fee-·of_n?l l~s~ t~an .1~% of · · · IL, · · . IJ M ..t~)'-<,. · · t,ti~ t9li:i1 a.nd . , • ·. Existence of TrllatEfraf-Re1;:1t1'~t,rp. rn'r1·~·c'"'."'"-f.'prb.vi,ionor\the i$suance of the .bond/s, . . _Irr. le~iti~ate :cpnt~acting, ·(~~~;t.p~fbwjn~·-~onti''.a'9s-r:,: 11 ~~, ~ei:iew~11r.evtnY ye~r · (D. 0 . .' :f'>I?· /1 !.4:17, exist:· . _. · · ::~ l.. · .. _ , wiffl.l: , !Sec. 111/b)t,,-,:jij · ·. . · - · .. 1•. Contract . fo! · a speci~. ~b~ ~ori·-~·~~r:vke ~m c: betweei:i · .tlie_ · . PJ!flCi~a)'\ , ~~ffi.~~I r-r lemp2Js.J/ offk-4:;_eg!~imate. 'CQntracting. · or . . . e,;ontractor/sub_contractorllma .\ CIA\(.: ~ Jt-'\$,ub_g~qft_actin'g: (DC:t,fR) · ·. . · - · · 2. Contr.act .· of :·:·empl~ymilit :~et\;'."~. JU' ~·~~~~~Fon~4ctor o~-s1:1bcontracJor·is engaged·ii:i a· co~t!:3C~<;>rlsup~ontractor \~nd.,.· · il'\_ . 'Wotl<e~,..: ,/ · -,, ~istinc),:f /n?Eipend7nt · .. bu.sines~·. and (Allv,ado.. v. Procter· & . G_,(Jm'fJ/f) ':'f-fL.;~,g_c.;{~,jENt\Nh~~J,fa~e-~ to Jf~tforr:nthe J.~b .or work on·1ts· own /Vo. 16()506, M[!rCh 9,,201P)-~: . .';,~~-..:::.:-=-~~~~Rortwt>itt,wacn .of..t~e ·prin_9lpal 'in all TWo. ~i~cis ~f ·~on~'~act~ r~q.Uir.ed•in 'a Tril.at~raJ· . . matters. conne<;ted '{Yith the perfor.l"(lance of.the .. Relationstiip: ·.. . . . ... . .. · . · work ·except'as to the-result thereto; and ... ·. · ·. f. . E'p,ploym~nt . Con~ract_. . · ;be~een . . · itie · 4. Th.e Serv.ice -Agr~em.ent ensu'res :.corppliance ·co~tractor/subcontrl;!ct~c. :a~!:f · ifs ·amplorees. . .. , with· all the· Rights ·and ~nefits for an tl;le· Nolwitli~tandi.ng any .or~I qr writtel'.l stipulations . · employees · of the· contractor or subcontractor . to ·ttie' contrary,. the ··contract.' betwe·e.n the.. under-. the labor:laws (D.:O. 'No. .f74-17; Sec. 8· c9ntract<;>r/su1;>contractor.- and. it~ :e_m~ioy.e~s (20J7)i, '. ,, .·.. . ... -.:. · . : .... :: shall ·be. governed by ,the prov.isio(ls of Articles Npte: In ·the .a.bsence of these.. ~eq.ulslte$; what 294 i:!M. 29$ or tfi~. ~abor Code. 1as amended,· ''.including the'. .prqvisions: on general- .''i'abor exists is a "labor-only''. contri:ict under·which the ·... sta'ndards. '1t ·. shall include· . the . following .. pers.on acting 'as contractoris considere.d l'l.'lerely . ': stipulations:. · . .-'. · . · · .. ·. '. . · · · an age!')t or intermediary who .is responsible to .the workers in the sar:n·e- m·anner ~;indto the same . . a: The specific.descriptjon·of the Job or work to. · · ... be P.erfor.m~d·by·the eml?i?y.ee_;--and · .. . e:<1erit as' if they had bee:n· d_ir~ctly e~plo~ed by .
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Grounds tor Cancellation·ot Regisfration
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The Regional Directer shall,' 'upon- a .verlfied if~~- · · ·. · · · . . . complaint, cancel or revoke. the registration. of a· ~(Substantial· · Capital refers. to paid-up ·capital contractor aft.er· due process; based on any of the '}\;tocks/shares;of-.at least 'P5,0.00,QOO in the case of . following g_ro"i.m.ds:·(MiS~~l,.a2-~2-PV,_1·012) . · . . 'il'.'c_~rpora'tion~.partnerships and cooperatives: ln the ·1. Misrep~e·sentation of facts lnfhe applicatlon; · · .'case of single'J:1roprietorship; a net worth ofat least 2. Nori0subinissiori' of ~ervice Agreement-between P.Q,000,.QOO (D.:0,-No: 174-·17,:Sec. 3, (/)).. .: the pr.in.cipal-and thecontractor when requiredto .,··· . . .. . ... . . . .do so; . . . . ,V Note: "Su.bstantlal capnar.and "investment in tools, 3. Non-submisslon .Qf ttie 'required §.emi-annual Yequipment,. implements 'macbtnerles and' work report as ,provided in Sec, 22. (Semi-annual .'::°pr.einises" · should ·. be treated as 2 distinct· and r~p·ortiog)"ther.eof;· · : ·· . .'. . . · · . : -~· separate requirements. iri determlnlnq-whether there 4. _l'llon'0cotnpliance . with.. !:,gbor 'standards and ~.Js.'·a perrnlsstble. cont1qc;tin~ pr' .subcontractinq : working conditions; . . ,_,:. ·. . .:, .. arranqement (Neri v, NLRC,. G.R.. Nqs.. 9.7008~09, 5. · Non-compliance WiJh SSS1 ·the HDMF; Pag. ··.Ju_ly_23; 1993): . . . . .. . ., /8/G,'PhllHealth, and ECC Laws;: · · . . . ·· . . -, 6. Submission.of falsifi$d. 6t tamper~ apP.iication- · : :nie ·Suprern.e Co\.11:t· )r'I thi3 case of Neri ·v. NLRC · or- ::>upportir:,g documents ·to the· application. for , I ruled that "[t)he law does not require both substantial , . regfstration; . : , .. capital. and investment in the form 'of ' tools; ~-:~':!) 7. ·.Collecting any 'fees not authorizedbylaw and .. equipment, machineries, etc. This is . .clear from tne(',.,J1 ·. other applicable ri.iles. and 'requlafions;' · . .use cf (t:ie ·aonJ_i,J.c,tion,'or (N~rl NLR_C, 8~ Final findings that'-th_e.contract9r h~~ en_g·a~i~in -.:-' 97008-CJ[!, Ju/y-2311993).x . . . " . "r-x:·.-, ....:( :·1abor~only ·contracting and/or ·the ~roh1b1ted ·
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lA'BO . R. RELATIONS SA~ BEDA LAWCE,NTRALIZED BAR OP.£RATIONS..- M~MORY AID·2019
Other Illicit Forms of · Employment .A.rtangements:.(CO~S-RC)·. 1. Principal farms .out work to a ,•~ab9";. .
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Such other practices. schemes .. or employment . arranger;n.ents·designed to ~ir'cumv.entthe rigt:,t to securify ottenura _(D.O. No. 174-1.7, ·sec. 6).
Note': "C~bo'; .ref~rs. to·~ person .or .group of . :Job Contra.c.ting v, Labor-Only Contr~ctiilg persons qr to a. labor group which, under the· . · ·. guise of a labor.orqanization, cooperative or any entity, supplies workers to· an -ernployer; with- or without any monetary or. ottier consideration, ·,whether- iri . the capacity of: ail ·age,nt of the · employer of.'. as: an ostensible independent The .., employer .or The· employer/. principal contractor.(D.O. No: 1'74_-1.7, Sec; 3(b)). prtncipal is -considered is 'treated . as direct. .. . only. . )ui indirect employer .o'f · ;. the · 2. · Contracting.Qut'pfjob or. work: . ·.: employer , : : (PCI contracfor's employees . .. a. · throuqh an.in-house agency~· . -Autometlon Center, inc. iri . "air · instances b, .throiJgh ., an - in-house cooperative .which . . . v,.' N/.:.RC,. <;.R. No. (contractor is .merely an · · merely supplies workers tothe principal; · · · 11.5920, . January · 29, a'gent of the employer) .c .. :t;iy,reason of.a·.,strike' orfockoutwhether · 1996). ·: ·. ·;. ·, (Manifa..Wate(Company .: actualor imminent; . : ·. · · · . ..::,..~..-"" ....:., . . ·. · v... · Pena, G.8. . No. · d. ·. being .perforrned. by -unton rriem9e.w-a11d ·11., ~..,,.~. · . .. - '. 1$82551.JlflY 8,·:2004)'. ., · · .such will interfere with..-,re~tra,i~.o'g.er.ceU· ·. '~,··!. '!?. ~: · . : .. employees in the exercise 'gfr't~·efr~Jig.tits'.';t.QJ.r.,=;-=-.""';· . .. self-orqanlzatlon as provJ.9~·Jn ~£.5§' of . .. • • , the Labor Cpde, as ame,r}dea~,rp19,-N9~1i1"4~·~""'""' ..... ~ ,,, . . .. . . , .. · · 1.7, Sec .. 6). . ' lD1- 'if . :_t.hei~~'~l;_e?J~s-~~'\.Er-.The .stab.,it~ cre~~es an 1f' ~ . '~.e.. re(~~·on~~r·:or\ a !=r-.E_e relatt~ns.h}P.' fo~ a ln~ous~. A_gency refers tdf ?,.., con;factor~which. i~. ~(.:~. hm1~ed wurpo ),l {:,f:t\\0 .~omprehen~tv.e. p1:1rp0se, · .~' owned, managed, Or controJ~dJ:IIT~,ctly or ij,1:firec!!i.4mr ·e_flStlf~-~ . .. th.9.t. . .)~~ (1:~·. to . prevent . a· : · by .the: P!incipc1I .: or . oner ~hEirr,.·. the. \Prirlcriijit2J~11.::;.~ID._Pl~y,es ·. ar,~'!""'·p'iu~ClrCUl)'lVentton . of · l~bor · owns/i"epres~nts any ~hari -o~jock antf whp.~~·t}1e1r ~ges). f~M,CJ.q ·~ws) (~MC v... MAEf!.C .. opera~es,solely or mainly .fottnd,11rinci~'~Pi.o. N'!_~;i;. ~Mfl.Efl11.'11~.lnfe_wa~e.~. l.nt~,a~sd_services,·Inc., . . 174-17,·Sea. 3(1)). . . '&., fl)\\ """~,t;f., ,sr;,y~ supra! _ .., .. ·
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t~~ ~~ula~n,~~ ~~1fd~~~~n·i:~~:e: ·.b .. T.o s!gn, as a precondltron t~ytu~t or .,.. f fqrifrf18~(~~e ev~n~ .contr~ct.or. not .o.nly for . C?,~lim,.1~d:, erpploymen_t·,.. an ant~d~~·· :.'b.:~!.tfj:j(~ils .to p,aythe .unpaid ""'.ag.es_b1.1t~lso for· .. resrgnatron letter; .a blan.ls payroll; a· wa,ve · - :9'1'.fiployee~ -~ages .and al~ ..~he .rrghtfU.I clarms.·.qf ·of · labor :. stariaards . ·including . ·minimum · ·for · V'ioJa.~or:r: of .l~bor tt,e e.mplo.y~es urid~r. th~ . . .wagEis'.arid social ·Or 'we'ttare: ben~fits; ·or a . ~tar~ar~ :·. la~s~· . Toe. Labor·cp.d_e and al')cillary . . quitclair:n, · releasing. the' .. ·princ!par·· pr : lrabrhty, however,. d.oe:3 la~ . .($M~ . v.:, M~f=.R(; .-· .contractor, from . liability· :air. to payment. of .' . · .not ... exte.n~. ·_ .to·. ,J.he)ntBf]rafed Serv1c~s1 lncT f1,.1ture claims; opequire: the em'ployee t(? payment of b~71<.Wc:'!ges supra). , · . · , . . ,, :· become a member of a· ~ooperativ~. · · . a.nd/or separa.~J<;>n_payof · 4. · .Req!,liring: ... empJoyees . . . ·under. . , c;1 ~mploye?s w_h~· :- . are ' · . con~raqtitj.g1subc9ntracting ~rrangemen~ to sign rl!e.gally : . d1_sm1S~_ed a, contract fixing· ,he period' of erhploymE!.nt to a... (Ros,~oot/·Proces;;mg .. term · Shorter' than'· the: term: of the Service . v, ·.. NLR.C, . G.R•. No... , . Agreement, unless the .
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· 158 I 2019 SAN BE;DA !-,AW CENTRALIZED.BAR OPERATIONS
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LABOR .RELATI.ONS SAN BEDA_LAW CENTflAUZED ~R OPERAT{ONS, -· MEMORY AID 2t;,19
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solid~ry Liabili.ty of the Princip~( · _ In ·permissi!>l.e ·contracting arrangement; the term •solidary liability" shall refer . to the liability of the '. p·rindpal, purs1,1~mt.to the pre>visions_of two articles of .;the labor,Code,riamely: ... . · . '1. Art .106, ·re'garding the li'ability.of the principal, in :-'.. th1isame n:i'anner and extent th~Mie/she is liable to his/her direqt employees,. to the.ext1;mt of the work pe,rforined unde'r the' contract when th·a con.trader. fails . to .pay the wages' of his/her. employees; and· _ - · . . · i. 2. Article 1.09,.as directem'ployei''togethetwith.the· pon~actor..for any .. vicjfatiori .o.f ~ny: proyision.'.of ' the labofCope (CHAN supra at 258). -. ' · ·. . . . . . . .
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Effect of Termination ..of Employment The dismissal ofthe contractor's·employee prior .to. the expiration of. the Service. Agreement shall· be · governed by Arts. 297, 298, .and ·299 ofthe Labor
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In. fact, .even. i.n·. the ·absenc~ of ~,:~Ee.: reJatio~sr:ip'.::·:}:it\) In ca.se the term.1riation of employmentis caused.. by between. the lndirect..em.ployer_~nd.the md~pen~~~~.;··-~i';]f;.-;ttJ~P.E,e-teT:'JR~tio~of the Service Agreement. not . cof!l:actor'_;, worker~'. both th?.Jn~re~t.~':'Pl?Y-~al\cti,:Jf'•r~--~uec::t9,':!'IB'.;§1Nthonzedcauses under Art. ·298, . t~e i~e · i~dE;!pendent ._contt!3cto.r .a.re soh~a~1y,~µiole forr- .. ! ~ ni:iht of tfie ,l;ti;r:)Ploy.~!::sof the contractor .to · unpaid violation of'labor.standard. l~ws (De_(e:.ti!J· NL.RR(/;:::'.l · wages_ a~_9lt!\?ther unpaid benefits .. including G.R. '": L-787~3, Fe,br!)ary.27'. 1991{:-. :i.rJ"';,...;,;,i ,/.';. :un~em1tte9/l~1:Jci!, mandatorycontrlbutlcns.i.ehall be ·. . · :. : _ . .: ,. · _ · · . . ', _;'-~.5 borne byl)th.e;p'a~y:;it: fault, without .P~~judiS~ to the· · The principal shall .~e deemeg...t~~emplctyek:~f th~.,·_ !··~ solidalY/tliab)li_ty.\9f' the parties · to the ·-Service ·. contr~ct~al em~loyee and. -~tn~~Lr,~e (j!!,.~~!IY h~bl.e?: f':'.'{ ·Agr~~-.rne.nt: .~ . SUCh as . In . follOWlng CaSeS · . ., :;J · ..-i>'J..H,~l_;J' ·;:'~'h·,r · . . as .lifee_ 'Q lar-e-0~:)[.C_Orp9~rJ-l, ~ ,), , ·h'"''J "' ··- __',,,~. .. ,,, . ,. . . _. ·. . .· auth~rity;:':: '. .. _ ·: - . . _ t~;1. : f_;;;_ · Th~ merel~fiiratfoli of the. Se~vice.Agreem.ent shall 1. l:.abor~onJy 9ontracting; and "\;~~"':'=\:,·:l.. ,/1 . t,; not ·be .~eemed. as:a term1nat1on of employment.of. .2:· ·.con~~~tin:g· arrangement f~llip'{1, .. w.i~~~n_::the . ~~;-:"::t,~~-co~tracto,r.'s/subconti;actbr'l:! employ.e~~w.ho are proh1b1ticms ·raroadw,ay Motor.s, fn.'%:.fJtIY~Lf;·S..,.-4;;;):;.r~~~f!l,J:?IJ'.),Ploxees<;>f the .latter (D,O. No. 174-1•7; G.R.· No. 78382;.Decem/;Jer.-14; 1ff.87). · . / ..-.,,---~..-·<~Seo,·-1'3)\±JJ . . . ·
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Effects of Violatio~ ~f Secs .. 10 Qr'1·1'of D.O. N~. 174~1'7 A . .finding of violat.ion of either ·sections 10 or ft . hereof, shall rerider'the'.prin'cipal 'the direct employer . of -the employees of the ·contrc1ctor or subcontractor, · . pursu~int to. Art. :109 of the Labor ·code (D.0. ·No. . 174~17, Sec. 12).. ' · · ·
. : contractor in the" event of' any' . violation of any provision of thE? .Lab~r Code; incl!,ic;ling failure to pay . :wages. This will not . prevent. the principal from · · , f h. ··· · (. · s · clail'f!_ing reimbursement rom t. e contractor 'Al Av>-,,,-_,·:) NLRC, G.R. No.. 1.1'1722, M{!y27,: 1997)~ . /1./'·~'~)(.
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Note:. Where the .e.n,ployer fail~ to require the .contractor to post a bond, the employer must answer·_ for whatev~r liabilities· the contractor may ·h~ve Incurred to ·his employees. This is with.ot,it prejuqice. to its seeking reimbursement from the contrac,ior for whate'ver amount it. wiil have to . pay the" said employees (BfJguio v. NLRC, G.R.. No. 79004-08, . Octof?er4, 1991). .. · ·.
. N.bfe: The principal shall besolidarily liable With the
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.An einployii'r or indi,r~ct employer.m.ay require· the· . contractor or'subcc:mtractor·to. ft.frnish a bond:equal ,' to 'the cost labor' under contract,·'on. pondition' that 1r1e . bo.nd .wili 13nswer: 'for the . wages: dµe. the .e.mployee~ sl')qµlc:t the' contractor or· subcontractor,· as the case (flay be, f13il to pay the. sarhe .. · . . . \ '. ' The. bond shall .be ~quai to. the cos1 l~oor under cprtract'.(1 POQUIZ, supra at 246).,. : · · · .
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: . ·ART.ICLE 2g1:.TERMINATl'ON BY . . .. . .. EMPLOYER· ·. ~ .·
TQtality ~f l11fractions .Docfrine _ 'The totality of infractions' ·or number of violations . committed duril"!'g th.e period of en:iployrri'ent stiall·be . _ .consiqered in deter-miriing, thE{ penalty' to be· imposed on the. erring . employee. The offenses committed should ,riot be.taken singl'y·and ~epa,rately'but.jfftheir totality ·(Alvarez. v. Go)den Tri _Bloc, Inc., GR. No. _202158, September25, 2013.}, · ' Entitlement to Sepata:tion Pay . Gene'ral Rule: An employee whose eniploym.ent is ,'tei-mtnated by reason of jul?t ca.uses is hofentitled to sepa.ration pay except as· expressly provided for in the ·company·policy or CBA (0,0. No. 147-15, Sec.·.
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LABOR RE.LATION·s. SAN Bf.DA LAW CENTRALIZEDBAR OPER/\TIONS- MEMORYAID·2019 e,,eituz,maI SMi?IM Fi± i!R!EHP~
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Reasorl': Lawbreakers should not benefit from their illegai acts (Toyota Motors PHL Corp. Workers Association v.·NLRC, G:R. Nos. 158786·& 158789, October,19, .2007). . . .
Requisites: a. There-must be misconduct; b, The misconduct must be.ofsuch.qrave and · ·aggravated character; · c. It must relate. to. the performance of: the . · employee's duties; and · ·. · · d. · There must be 1>.h.bwing that -the employee becomes. unfit, to. continue working for the . employer (p.a. No. 147,-15, Sec. 5.2,(aj}.
Ex~ept: Whe~· ~tie court find~justif1cation in applying
. the ·principle Qf soclal justice welf-entrencl)ed in the , 1987 ·· Constltutlon (Toyota Motors PHL Corp. · Workers Association v. NLRC, G.R. Nos. 15:8786 & . 15$]89;. p~tob_~.r.-~9'.2007). · ·
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Examples: . . . . a. ?~xlfal. harassment (D.0 .. No. 147-1.5, Sec. 6), .. . _ . . . . . .. . . . . . . . · -to: . · · b. · Figh1ingwl~hin:co_mpany.premise~·(Techriol, ·· t.. ·senefifs under the Lalj)or C.ode or-other existing Eight f?hilippine,s Corp. v. NLRC; G.R. No, - '. l~ws ,( e:g. incentive leaves}; . 187~0!), Aprk.13, 201O);. ·.. ··. . .' 2: . Benefits granted by C.E3A provisions; -; c. -.l.}ttering .. obscene, '. insulting or .. oftenslve 3.· Benefits· granted by voluntary management words ·against a superior (Autobus Workers': policy or practice (Toyota Motors PHL Corp.· . Union, et, v. NLRC, G.R.. No. 1:17453,. · · WOfkers· Asso_ciatiorj·. v.. NLRC, ·G.f!.__1)/c:JS:""~;: . -~::~~~une'26,.f.998);·.. .. ·: .' -, ·· . : ·1!)8:'(~6-&.1'(58789, October:.19'..2Q(!lfa'~j~. -\l j\.Jd:t f:~1.§Jficat)on · <;>f_ ~rne r~~.rcjs . (Felix: -v .. ~..-I-··- tJ. f Enertech Systems Industries,lnc., G.R. No. · Two-fold Du~ Proc~$s Requ1rem,nt "',:.} ~-:::.'"'~-·.--~....,,~. 142007 Ma.rch-28,.200·1); ·. · · · ·1. $_1,Jb~lanti.ve a,spe~ Whichjofr.';sY_;,ij;J~t~.3.=~--......_,~~~~I.)>,~ter.course"' -Jnside ' company · ·· d1sm.1s~Lmttstbe for a~y .9,fttb.e. '~re~ls~~·~~·cfuring.,..york .ho,urs (lmasen a:. ·Jusl',c~uses; and :.if JP) 'Jul\.;. j~ . f>hilifJf/lJ.e M.~.nuf.?i?(IJ!ing ..C.or,pon3!tion v.· b. ·Authorized caus~s. !?itcon,\(;{Rft;li 194884, October-22, 2014); · 2. Procedural asp!,!ct wbJ9~f,~ans. ib~tb.ELZ...l!f)r'"'~-t:--..-lfheft \~ q_f: ,.{;oljlp~~Y.-owried· pr~p~rty employee mus~.be acc6~t!.1ue pro~ess"~-~e~ B@. ·r-:",..Jill,"Y' . (Nag/.
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wmful Disobedience or lnaubordlnatlorr Insubordination refers to the refusal to obey some order, which a superior is entitled to give and· have obeyed. It is a. willful or intentloriai disregard of the l~wful . and· reasonable instructions of the employer· (D.O. No'. 147--15, Sec. 4(/)). . .
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Habitual neglect '; repeated failure to .perform one's dutiesovera period cit time, dependlnq upon the circumstances ('0.0. No. 147-15, Sec._ 4(k)) .
Requisites: . .. a. There-must be neglect of duty; and . : . b. The· pegligehce must 'be both gross 'and . habitual In character (D.-0. No, 147.a1'5; Sec. .: 5,2(c)).·
Requisites:
. : be. must disobedience insubordination; · · . · b. . The disobedience or fnsubordination. must . Note: The sufficiency·of.fhe evidence·as well as the . · be· willful· o~ · intentional characterized ·by .a · . resultant -dam;,1ge to_.. the employer st-ioul.d:· be •. wrongful and perverse attitude; . . . . . ' · · considered'i'n the dismissal of ttie employEfe·(School . of ijQ/y Spirit of Quezon City·v.·_Tagiiiam, 'G.R. No. e, The order· -violated . must be reasonable, :t·t,_5565. Ju/y.14, 200.8). · · .. · lawful, and -made known ta the .ernployee: and · · . · d. The.ordermust pertain· to the dutiEf~which. .Ar;t unsatisfactory, .rating .can be a .just- cause for ·tie has .been -enqaqsd to discharge (D.0. · . dlsmlssal only- if it .amoonts to gross ·and 'habitual .. . Np, 147-15, Sec.' 5:2(b)). · · .. .. .-/) · ne_glect of · duties. Poor. . or : unsatisfactory . . .. · · . · · ;;;;,{7 performanceof ar;i employee does not necessarily Nc;>te:. There is. no law that compels an employee,,r/·. .-1 .. · mean that he is guilty of _gross arid habitual neglect : to acceptaprcrnotton. as a promotion is-·i~J~?' ,of duties (INC .. --Shipma,:,agement, ·.tn,c.. v, nature of a ·gift or·a reward, which? pe'tson'l'\cJ'~-,\ ,_.,.:L-C,.<1.(!!P·ored<>,_f:Jdo, .. GR. No: 1!)9931, -September 7, a right t? refuse .. When _Petitioner re~~#.-w.: Y~·.:~-~..:Z.Q16):~._.l11•} . . · . .. . ' accept his-promotion to Director of _\pt~cr,iat1onal"-/.tl · Sales, he WqS exercising a.·right'f~d~he can.not!i.-:·\ . Actual damp!;Jt... loss or. injury- is not an essential b~,.p~nished-for it as quijare suo !f!lt.,_4.~~m!reflY'}\ · requisite · ,(b'l.jp'arjm(Jnt of Labor M~nual, Sec. _ laed,t..He.who uses his own legijJ;'!f9h!:tnJt1Jfesno . ~;:J - 4~43.01(?]).i. -\ . . . .. . · · one .,,Ddsch v. NLRG· G.R.r"!> ~1lfj~-L:.-51'.182?'.Jflly 5.,..,,. , H~-; '\ . · · ·~ . . . · .. 1 . . ~ . ff. · \~·i · · · 1983). . . f-4.,,. · .r-:;:-,..~ . · ." .~:?..~:~.~e~~ct of ~utr= .. . . .· .. · · · . . C-,v ·=~:'2,~;'! :~.: ..: ... ·r.,....·-~ ,a·{~~Ha!:51tuafT:latcl'mess and .absenfe~1~nJ: . : ~ • J j . ,(,' ~-~1,. ~'t'_tl'.,. •• ,,,.,, ' . . Exam~les: · : .. 'I'.>-· ·oli-~(\. C:~'i . : j,·'r ·::. : b. :'.Aa~yQnm.entofwor~.(Labor_v. NLRC, G.R. ·.a... _-Fa1~-~e to . a~_swer . m·e~-;,to<').~xplcyn '. _No,'. 110388, Sept~mber 11,, ,1995). constitutes willful obeq1ence~ ; . · )-.l.' . . ; i-;,.,.--~,.3 • · · ·· ·· · · .. · · _: · .. . . · . ·: ~·:-:.i;dJ.·. · . /.,;,;/, ~,1:.~equisit~s: . · . · . Note: Another:notice is ,requi(ea·.in .cas€p~:~...!..!:..."'·aµu~ ...;authorized. and inexcusable absences · termination . on· the · ground· \of ,.faifci'fef to · . :(Japos v.. Ffist·. Agrarien Reform Muta~ . answer .. mt:;mo. 'to explain (Aci1~1;d,lhotion · , · Purr:i'(?se .··Cooperative;· G.R ... 11/o:_: 20.8000, and -Marketing .corp. v.. Urqabi;:J;. G,R: No.. .. ·. July-26; :2017); and . . . . 171-703., -September22-, 2Q06). ·. -· · b: .-, Cl~~r:' intenti~n. to sayer Er-Ee- relatio,:iship .· ... ;,· .. . · · · . . .. ·. .:..., : ·. bE_ijng manifest~ J>y .. so.me o:ve~. _:acts b. Refusal. tq undergo r.andom drug· testing . (Tam1:Jlot·Secunty & . ·General. Services v.. · .'constitutes both -serious misconduct· ancf_: _ ltem,:G:R. No'. ·1'9~311, De<;:e'mber 7, 2015).
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c .. 'Re'fusal .. to 'render . overtime to ... meet' . .· p·roduction· deadline .(~.B .. Mii;;ha~I -Pres.s v. . Ga/it, G.R.' No. 153510,.February.13;
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3 .. Gross and Habitual. Neglect of Duties·· · · In ,order ~to ·constitute ·,a Just' ;caus·e, for the_ · employee's dismissaCthe neglec:t of.duties rtnl~t not only .be. gross but also habitual. and. \.VOrk: .rel.ated.. - . . . . . · a. Gros~ · neglect the . absen~e of. that . diligence that an .. o~dinar.ily pruden\ . man would· use in .his/her own a·ffairs (D,O. No. 147-15, se·c.-4(1)).
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To co'nslitute aband6nmerit, it is essential thai.an . employee fail~q to r.eport.for work wit_hout any vali<,1 .and .justifiable' reason.: ,<1hd. thaJ :lie had.· 1;l clear' inte'ntion· to· ·sever· the· e·mploytrient relationship by some· overt ab°t: Mere:failure lo rei;;ort for work after. notiqe·· to return - does not ·constitute al;>an.do·nment · .. (Lftex Glass an.dAluinin1:1m Supply v. ·Santhez; .G.R .. . No .. 19[!465,' April 22; 20·15). . . ·. . · Due Process in Abandonment: a. First Notice to ·apprise the employee of particular acts ·or omis'sio'ns -for-·which dismissal is sought; · . : b. Sec.ond notice ·_to inform .him 9f employer's c!ecision to dismiss him on.
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g_round . of abandonment (Kingsize .. Manufacturing Corp. v.. NLRC, G.R. No.s. . 1_10452-54, November.24,.1994).
Wiiifui Breach of. Trust Breach· of· trust or confider.ice must be willful. A breach is .willfl!I "if it is done ,intentlonally, knowingly and purposely; without justifiable :· excuse. The _bre'ach must be work related and committed against the employer or his ·representatiye (Bluer thanBlu~ · Joint Ventures Co: v. Esteban., G.R. No. 192582, Apr-irt, 2014).
Notices in abandonment· cas'.es mu·st be sent to empioyee's la~t ·known .ac!dress. (Agabon v. NU~c; G.R. No. 15.8693,·Nov..ember 1-7,.2004). · ··. . , . .
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Requ_irement ofa'Hearing: · The requirement of 'a hearing .ls complied wlttras Requisite_s.for Fraud. or Willful Breach of Trust: long as. there was an opportunity to· be heard, and . a... There must . be. an act; -ornlssion, . or. : not . necessarily. that . an actual' ·: hearing·,. was . concealment; . . . . . conducted (Dlst(ibution· & C.o'ntrbJ.:Products, Inc. v., b: . The.. ad, omission o'r concealment involves· Sento«, GR>No: 2126·16,July 10, 2017).. . .a breach. of legal duty, trustor confidence · · ·- · · · · · justly reposed: , . . · .. A charge of abandonment is tbtally incoiis1ste~twith · _c.. · It. must, be. committed against the employer -'the. immediate : filing of· a. cornplaint . for :illegal his/her: representative: · · . disrnlsaal. The filing thereof is proof enouqh ofone's · d. ,1frnust bein connection with tile employee's· desire to: return; 'to work, thus negating · any,-"'»=-=~---, . wo1k(O.O. No. f-41-15, Sec: 5.2(a)). ·. suggE;stion of ~-aband9nment (.Tam~lo.t Se_;;u(Jff& 1f'J"r 1' .·:;:~,,__~ . · .: · · ·· Gener-a.I Services v: -ttem.: ·G_.R •. · N,o~·19/1J14, i · . . .. 4~a~,·le~,!t:,~ December. 7, 2015).
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· (Coca-C.ola Bottlers PHL Inc., . v. NLR_C, G.R. No: . 84075, April 25, 1"9139).· .
"The loss of·tr~st and confidenceshould not be simulated;' · . · .,.. · e.. It should not be used as a subterfuge for causes which are improper,' illegal, or unjustified; and . . f. It must be ·genuine· .and ·.·not-. a ·mer-e afterthought to justify an ~arli~r action taken . in bad faith· (D.0: No. 147--15~ Sec . .,5.~(e)j,. d.
:ft is not the job title._ but the actual ,work tl}.at the employee performs that· determines whether he or she . occupies a position·· of trust" .and "cpnfiden~e· (Bluer than . Blue·. Joint: Ventures Comp(:lny v._ Esteban, G.R: No. 192582, April 7,. 2014). ·. · .
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b, Not used-as. a1SubterfugeJor causes which are improper, illegal or unjuitified; ·. -. o; .Not ar.bitr.~"rJly-Asserted jn tt:ie'faq~."of . . overwhelminq evidence -to the contrary; . . d. ·· Must be Gerit1ine, nota mere. afterth_oughtto . . JllStify earlier actlon taken.tn bad. faith;. and · ~/if}; . ·1a •. • The employee: involved holds ·a. eos_itio~19.f,·1"/.(. . trust-and-contidence (Cbina City ~estau;!:Jnf.('·:'"_.Corp.v. NLRC; G.R. No. 97196, Janu.ar.y.22;;;.: .;;:~ · . 1993). . . f., i, ··:· •11 ·
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C:t'im.e:·or. .Offense refers to ·.. an" of!ense" by the· empfoy.e_eaga"inst"the. person of ·his ·err,plc?yer or.any mel'.Jlber ·of his family_ or .· t:iis· duly_.:authorized represent~tlve ·(D.CJ. No: ." 11--7~.f-5;·Sec. :4(cJ)). ·•· .. ·. . .·. ' .
G.uld.elrri~s.Jorthe application of the Doctrine of Loss of Confid~nce: (S2AG_-P). · · .,.,,... · a, · Loss Qf <;:onfidenc~ should riot be .§.imul~ted · .. · ·: . _.· · (reasonable basi.s for -loss of. -trust and
Requisites:. .a. "There .musf.'be ,ah .acttor om1ss1011 pui:iishable/protlibit~d by' law; and b.. That act or omission was corrimlttedby the· <employee '.- aqalnst any o( 'toe . following 0
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His employer; . · ATJY. imnie~i~te member of .. · his · .: . ~mployer's family· or · ~:Ji!,J~s.. ·. emplo~e(s' ·duly .. autnorjzed --~- ..-.t,_)~presentative(D.O,. : No, . 147-15, Sec
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Two._Classes of Positions Trust ~.:J . f a. Ml:l_n.agerialemployees; and r._~r . ·1 , . · .1qf~(t)). · .. · · · ·. · r b.. Those who in .the ·normali.,,.~.n.cf- rouu~··_-t· · Note: Th~fc4rp\?-ictior:i.-ofan employee .in a criminal . ·· exercise of their functtons, .r~.9i:J1~:r:1\,;t;r~hdle "case is· n~finijisP,ehsableto warrant his dismissal by g;-··· . · sl~nificant. a~ounts. ~f:,.l)J?riey 6rr·pr.ope~Y... i~1~, · his em.~J~ye~-.-~i}1 that the fact. thai :~, ~riminal (e.g: , · cashiers; f8'1B'tor9,.~p_rope~l~.. ~qmpla_1fll 1:19j..'.nst\tpe.employee has p~en.dropped · · . custodians, etc.) (D',q/No.~__q;4.7jft5! by.ffiW'!:tt-~c¥tQj>1'~indi~g.anp conclusive up9n t. 4(n)). · , · ·. •~~ ·. ,p:-;,1\ ~-· ·. '..J •1• · th.e labor.._.li]_bi:.inal~fStarlitePlfJSt(Clndi.Jstrial_Corp.·.V, .. : :. . .... ' . · ...... ~~:~~- j: ·.:.!~}-: NL~C. GR._No. _7.84911,¥arc~/f3i_1f!8!J), _._ ·. ·.. Nc;>t~: As. to the .degree of. proofa,.rA'.quiry,~ •. with .. tt•.-----:'-:,,....., . - ·. : · : .. , . ·. . i'.." . respect'? rank-:and-fi~e-pe1:5.orine1. ~ r~9u))e~_higher phra·se_ \rn~e_d!a.te·-rot:mbers_ of _.family" . r-. proof _qf 11:ivolvem.ent 1n,-ttJ~. eV"e.nts· m}9~est109~~au.....,-·.--F~feFS-ta-U:iese P':')JS?ns h~v1~g fa_~1ly relat1o~s under that ... mere · uncorroborated .. ass~~gns,i}'~_nd · Art. 150 of the·f:am1ly.Cq~e. to.wit:.· · ·· ~·,. .. · ~C(?USatlon.s_·by the.. emplO}'rfWill".ni;>tSUfft~k.~t"~s. . . . a: Between hu~band an·~ ~i_fe r~.rds a rnan.agerial employ~e, the.mere existence b. Between parents."E;1J'.lc!.ch1ltjren . §: £• of a basis forbefjeving t);lat he has breached tt-ie trust: · .· c. Among broth~rs arid sisters·, wheth~r of the .fullorh.aif-bJood (CHAN, supraat"311J.·: · r" . o( l:iis· .employer·· would suffice for -his .. disinissal:. 1:~ (A1cantara v.. .The,.PH Cbrrimerciaf.:andlntematioh<3/ ·:. . . . . . . ·· ..... , . ;: Bank, (3R_. No.. -1,51349, October ~0•. 2010)." '.Analog~u~ "must be. due· "the r. voluntary and/or willful act .-or- ·omrssiol'! of ·the employee (Nadura BengufJt. Consolidated, : . There mu~t.. be·"sorne basis"· for the loss oftrust·a~d GR.'N9, L.-f7780,.fiu(Jus(24,.1962): · I" • ponfidel'lce :which. -means tt,at there is r.ea~9.-~~.ble. ;_. ground to: be.lieve, if riot ,to e~tertai"n". the moral.. · . .. .. Requisltes: . . . . ~bnviction, . that . the ' . .-cqncemed employe'e . is . ·. . ~· · There must be act or omfssio·n .similar to .· r,asponsible.' for-· the mfacor:iduct - and:·. that ·the· · ·· those spiii::ified jusi cause~·; . . participation tbereii, reride~ed him unwortl:)y of the ; b. Th·e act. or· o.missio.n must be voluntary trust and. bonfidenoo·: d~rjlandeq by his. ·position . ;.. ~,· · a.nd/or willful ·on the ·par.I; of the ·e:rriployees (Central P.,;u:,gasinari· Elf;<;tric CO{)peraw.e; Ina. · ·v.. . , . (p.O.'No. 147~15,· S~c·5.2(g)). · . . Macaraeg,·G.R. No, .145800, ' ~-. .. ·January_·22, . . ..2003).
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·Note: Geneyally, ·erriploye~s. ar~ allowed a Wider .. latitude .qt. dis~retiori in terminating the l;lmploym~nt of ma.riagerial perscmnel ."or tho_se ·wno; while .not 9f similar rank, perform furicliqns w_hi~h by their nature· i'~quire the employer's 1uu trust. and confidence .
No.a.~~-or omissiori shall be ·6~n~id.ered as a'nalo~oi:i-s·. cau·se _unl~ss. expressly specified· in the compan'y · . rules.and.regulations or-policies (D.9. N_o. 147-15, Sec 5.2(g)). . · ·
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2.. · Hearing or conterence :__ After serving the first . notice, the employer should affordthe employee 'ample opportunity to be heard and. to defend· . · himself/herself. with the .assistance of his/her · _- _representative if he/she 'so desires. (D.O. No.
Examples:· a.· Violation of cornpanyrules and regulations (Sampag"uita Auto Transport Corp. v. Nl.J~c. G.R. No. 197384; January. 30; 2013);.. · ·
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Gross inefflciency-e-analcqous to _gross· neglect of duty. (ex. failure. to..meet sales : quota . based OJ"!. . a valid productivlty : standard) (tntemetloriet scnoo: Mani~fJ V: · /SA"!=, G.R. No. 16728.6, February 5, 2014); . G·. Illegally .' div.er.ting: employer's- .products (2 AZUCE;NA supi« 861J;··anct : , d.'. Theft of: property. of. co-employee .··{John.·
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No. -1.6954~ •.· $eptemqer.-3,· 2qpa): · . . Othe~ . Just Causes- Reco_gn~ed. under Other · · prevtslons.of.the Labor Code:·. ,
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and hearing · constitute the -essentlal elements of clue process. Due process 'of law simply means giving' opportunity ' to.. be: heard before judgment is rendered. In fact;:ihere is-no violation of due process even if. no hearing was conducted, wherti the party was given c!)arice to explain 'hls side of the controversy.:W.hat · 'is fro..ynedupon i~ the denial of the' opportunity to be heard (Perez.·V-: PH Telegraph & Telephone .Co., G:R. No. 15.2048;April 7, ~009), ··
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Union .°bfficefs v,,~o _k.ii.~wirigJy.p.ai-iie::riipte,_in an . · . . . . .".. ' . • ·. . . . . . . .. : ... . . . . illegal strike '(LABOR COD~ Art: 279(.a))' ~-r-~E~mgPnnclples Conrrectlon. Wl!b the . _g .: Ari~ .employee, .union -~~c;·r_.cir.m~.e{~,c;ti:;;ber·u ••. - :·~\~lng,__~!_~a.lr~me~t 1 lnDlsmlsaal ~ases .· . who knowingly participates in the pl!:IJA~/s i~~__..of . JmP.!~~..f>.J>P?rturn_ty.to be -heard 1!1ea,ns _any ·illegal acts .during a strik·e·(~·' 6ti~o/.!_ ,.,..Arf.;,:..--=-~-,;:,.a:·}~e~ap~l].9ffil~ppporturnty_ (verbal:-0r:~1~e!1) gs~en 279(a)); · .. ·. · · · : · ·(?:'.\ ·~/~ ~, ....;.-~~: t~!qt!'e'RPl~IY-~:Sto ~nsw?r··tM c~a~ges ·agam~t 3: :3~iker~ who violate_ .~de,r~ )T,-9.,Qipjyon~:'~or. ~ · ·. 7t.i,!!!11fi{l-i.':::":'~nct..!.s~b.m1t evidence_ in · ~upport. of lflJUnctio11s as are 1ssµec;JrM}?~tij~f$eletary .. fp 4.r 1:::( h1s~er ~!'.\.o·f.~t<:9S~~ w_hether m . a .. hea~1ng, ,. La.bor. and Employment .hr the·,. , LRC (LABc:Jk _comrrene~'i° or"° !rme- qther fair, . Just ar:,d G_oDF;•..Ait. 2?~(g});_~r:id/[f'~ · .: . .·. .. j~~ .. · reas~nabl /Vo. ·147.-15, S~c. 5.1(b)); 4.. Vsolahon .of union secw1JwcTsi1i1se .stiP. lat~d--ia_ f'Jf'!Tlal . ,~!..'D,9tor . confer~n?e becomes . tt·i"e . CSA: 1:iursuatit"_:·1011 (LABkiR cd~E,.· r. -~~nJlatory.i <::>1)1¥ :-Ii . hen·.. - reque~ted . by . _the · 259(e)). ., ·· ·. .d,{:rH . . . ~7.r~"ti\_vff., ~~ :~...me~ee·-•~)·M,tlj1· or su.bstantia_l ev1dent1ary =1--' . . .exis,t.or_, '1f _co.mpa~y "rule or pr~cti~e . Ooctr(n~ 1.nCO!'flpatibility~ }£!_ .• ~1) ·. It, ~r;w~n;,s1n'11lar _c1rcumstan?esJUSt1fy ·. W_here the ..empJ_oyee_ has. dQ.ne s.om~thi~~tb~Q~· ~~~~L~ NoJ1'4!-¥$J~ec. 5)(b)); a~d · . · · · · co11trc;1ry... _qr ji;i_comp_atibl~:\'with \\he·.~Ji~~~. -~~~7~ am_1?Je oppopuni~y.to_b.e_ heard .,;tan~ard.sr:i . , perform.~nee of. ~IS:. (;i\Jti.es~· t)ss~\_mployet.,t,~s LaJ3or sd~W,-prew,uls ~lVer heann_g. or c13u~-e\ fc;ir · teFminating ·his. e.'!1~.oy(!ie~lvf#lI~i/;-e~ce. -~~q~irem~nt in ~e 11')1ple"'.enbng . Chaµffers Leagu&·v. f;Jacbrach.MotQ.{-Col,',6:~~No. .. ~::E;tl ,s_a)'l~
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1._. · Notlc~ .ff:..:.,~~ .N~t~~~ -~·ui~)·::,..:·the. ~rn~.~y~r". ls ,. .· ·13~.m~en ·6f :P.roof re·sts tlpon th~ .employerto show, . ·_ · ·required. tci furnish an .empl0ye.e· WJiO"is · t
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164 j ·2019 SAN BEDA-LAWCENT'RALIZED BAR OPERATIONS
LABOR-·R.ELATIONS · SJ\N BEDALAWCENT{!A,tlZE:D BAR OPERATlf)NS - ME!vJORYAID 2019
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considered · 'sufficient . (fangasinan 1/1 Electric cooperative. Inc. V. 'NLRC, . G.R.- No. 89876, November_1~. 1992); · ·
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The employer's 'grant of other terrnination. benefits; and . . . 5. Whether . there was a bona fide attempt. to comply.with the· notice requirement as opposed to giving no nottce at all {lndustriet Timber Corp. _v. Ababon;G.R. No. 164518, Jariuary:25, 2006).
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substantiiil evidence . is not a mere scintilla -of: '.~ . evidence. It is 'that amount of relevant evidence which a. reasonable· mind l!)ight accept ·as adequate · · . ;f to justify a -concluslon (RULE$-·OF COURT, Rule, .133, Sec. ~), .: . . . ;· .. , . .. . . . . v: .: Effect when due process. was ·not observed on disrtiissai.for.a [ust or authorlzed cause ; · :when dismissal is'"for ju'st-or.aulhorized cause; but . i· ·, due process was not observed,-the dlsrnlssal shoutd be upheld. However, the. employer .should .be held. t . liable -for ·_nor-fcompliance: with, · the . procedural . requirements . ·of. due process · ·(i:e: · · clam·ages)- · · (Agabon v. NLRC, _G »:R:··No/158693, November 17,·· 2004). . .. .
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Preventive Sus'pension ·An employee may be placed under preventive suspension, it:" ,· . .. . . . .. . . 1. Tlie evidence qf guilt is -strong, arid the-employer or head of establishment is convinced that .the continued 'st~y of the . employee during .the' period of investigation· constitutes -a-distraction. the normal operations ofthe company; and . 2. His continued· employment 'poses ~ -serious. and imminent threat· to life or property :of ttie employer or -his co-workers · (Gatbonton v, NLRC, G.R. No. 146779, Janur1ry ?3/2006). .
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Modification.of'Agaboil .Case" . . .· It- shall be. for a maximum period 9t 30 days, ·during · The· 'aoove ruling: was .hic;x:lifi · . .. · · . ··: employer · f~iled jo · C?~PIY. :w1~tr-:'_the .,,~6tld3~_'{t<;.~~~~tive,lf.l:lf penslon should not last. for._mor~ than . . . requirement, the -sanctlonto be 1mpo~upon:...J·J'1l 30·days:·=rhe·~mployee should be madeto resume . hli:n. should · be "tempered b~-<_;~use;(}j1s'~ismi~sa!'~ his worl5 aftifi1~9_days·(/RR of t~e Labor:C-ode,Book pr.ocess wa~. _ ln· .. eff~c.t, m1!late):i·\t:>.-~ a~... -~/ [.\ · V, Rule -><>g1111 Sec. 9; as amended by D:O. No. 0_91mputabl_eto th~.~mp!oyee;·.and,~-;,:{. L,·r::::--:.. 1··J 97}. // Ji \. · · · -2. · If based.-on .'ii.n-ci11thorfzed_.,.o~se ·(Aftf2'9'8) bttt ,,, . " . /. :: '~ ·. : . . , . · ,. . ... ···· . ·. the:_":~mployer f~ilE(~ _to"-~,9~ly wjtn:-tre .no_ti~~· After:~1)¢.1~je ·~ih~ 30-day" period for j~stifiable _ : ~uirement'. · ~h~ sarictiqQ(·'sM-9Gf(l~~~ s'tif!~{ _reaser:i.3,;:t/;'\/~';i>1irry!:;-~nbe extended prov1oed ·the . because the dismissal pro't:~~-s·V@'S_;:Jn,trated~Q~· . ·1·,;i . employel'-P.a}§:Jhe··suspend_ed_employee his wages . _u~e .. err:iployer's. · exercise of~'V.t~~ar-t.~.~---~mefat a~d :othe_~-benefits· (PhilipP,ineA'.r/i~es;Inc. v.. N~RC, . -.prerogative (JA~-.Food_ P~~c;e.s.~!(19 V,t.Pacot, ,!'.•...--::·q.·~· No, ,114397, July 8, 1998). · , . ·, G.R. /l)o. :1513.78, Maret, w·, ·2005J·':;_,/!.~ ..-..7"'_,/,,,;-•'.)~{·:.~:, ...:.__.·. ~ · ··. · , . :_·· . . · .--· :·,. 11: ·. . · · :·· · · .• · . •. • .. •• · • • . 11,•t. ,f~,/.,___...,..:,t..!"-Wf'iat-:-·constttutes reasonable t11:ne. an~. 'qth.er ~:·. · ·.Modi_fication of tM Rul.i!19 in J{l.KA_ G~~e · (/-.:J. . · recjLiirements for procedural due process: : . r.~· · · The- rUling ·ii:i t)le JAKA c~se was. al_so·
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LA.BO.R. RELATIONS SAN BEDfl LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS~ _MEM9RY AID
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8. ·Termination ~ue to completion· of project· in proj~ct employment; . 9 .. Tern;iinalion due to ·lapse· of season ·in case ()f . seasonal emp)oym'ent; · 10. Terminati.on · que., to expiration ·of period · of probationary'ein'ployme~t; . . . 11: Termination due to expiration of. tenure made . . coterminous with lease; . . . . . . .'. 12: Termination due -..to expiration of contr.actt.ial employment; . · · . 13. Termination due ab.an9onment; and 14. Termination due to closure.or.sto·ppage of work by g~vemmer,it · authqrities · (CHAN; supra :at
·. · in(eli°igently prepare their explanation . and . defenses, the notice should contain a detailed . narration of the facts and· circumstances that will \ serve as basis for the. charge against. the ·· 'employees. · A general description of the charge. will not suffice. Lastly, the notice should specifically mention.which company rules, "i°f any, are violated · and/or which among the · grounds under Art .. 29T .is .being· cha.rged against. the employees (King-:of Kings· Transport V, .Mamac, G.R. No . ._16620!3,_Jvne.29, 2007) v
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344). . . . the first 'notice. the employers . should: schedule · and :_:com;luct a hearing or · conference wherein the employees will be given Seven Situations in Termination. Dlsputes :Jh~:oppor,tunity to: : . . . 1 .. The .dismissal is for a just cause under Art. 297, • .8\' .Explain and clarify their defenses: to" the 'for an authorized Cc!USe under Art: 298'·-or for · charg~.against_thern; . . ~-.:.-:.="''-"=r.~·... hearth reasonunder Art. 299, and due process .... b. · Presen_t :e'!ide.nce. in . support·~,9~elr 11LJ·. ·. ~ ~vi'~s-,,~bserved~ legal (Philippine.Airlines, Inc. · · derensest-ano . ./.. ~~ , J '\I v./NL"f!,C~ G.R. No. 115785,. August 04, 2000). . . c. Rebut the evidence preseQt.~cra-9atqs!th~n;J.r....==.;.~ ...;;.}~..~e ·.J.~rii!s.~al i§._ without just or. authorized by the management (D.9f'i<JCJ;· 1'1c'Jr''tfj:,"&c. . . ca~.~e_.. bti.t>loye~tvho·was dismissed. ~~s·e.d on. a serv~ :t~e _.e~pl~yees a ~en ,,.-i;i_pti<::~of...;:-1~;:ii.ofi'.'.exj:}~~~a~se sh~uld be re_ ins~a-ted to his ti;l1)1mat!O_l') Jnd_1c·atmg_.tha~:-_. · : ~"i·~yj 71~~~-.,,:,:-. f:. ~.p,9s1t!On,._ .or · _1f . ~o.t: _-poss,t;>le; . to . a cl, . All . :circum_stanqes mvolvmg . ~ t;cM2_rge 1\ Ii! A.~'.~ . fJally equ1vc1fenl . pos1tio11 (Serra(lp v. · . agajnst ·.. the · employees,: · have~.l;i ...t=zen · IV ,1.0.:."" . , G.R. -N~ .. 1170.40, Ja(!uary-27;,. 2000).· , . . . · corisiderecj;· and · , · . .. .~,~;,.';~ .. Cases wherdhere"is no evidence of dismissal b .. · ~rounds.have l;>~eri ¢stablishedtojustify the . . (e.g. wh~n '.employer. slid ·.iJol · ciismi~~.· ti"is ; , . severance ·of. their empl_oyinent. (King Qf . ~mpfoyees, ;:tn!'.f the latter did ·not i',lqandon their· .. Kings _Tran.sport v.. "4amac, . G.R. No. ernj:)loiment):" Remedy·. is -ir.e'ir'istat~ment. but .. 1'66208; June 29, 2007). . : . wLU;iout"backwag~s (Asia Fancy PJywodd Corp; · . . . .. . y. IYUjG, ·G:R. No_•. 11309,9; January .20, ·1,999)".: Instances when Hearing .is NOT Required· . 7. ."The dismis~al: was brought,· a.!x,ut · by .-the. · 1. ·Admission. of gllilt by employee (Panuncillo v,_. . · : ifr!plementation of.a la:w-,:. ter'J!li~atiqn.:is' ·legal.. . CAP PH.L -,nd.;. G.R. ·No.-.-·16:1305, Febrµa,y-9,· · · -(~t. Mary'sAcademy of Dipolog Clty.v. Palacio; 2007);. . . . . . . ' · G.R. -No: ·t 64913, 'September OB, .'2010}, · , . · · . "2. · .Terminati<:>1idue to. authorizedca1,Js;_es underArl. · · ·. · - · · · · : ·. ·; _ · · · ·· · · _ -2lJ3; . . . Indemnity ·i~ .the form of tiomir.ial damages: 3. - Termination-due to disease 1;1nder.Art. 299;. 1,.· .Jf.based on a just cause-,,.- P30,000 per Agabon 4. 'Rel?ignation· by the employee; · . . . · do.ctri_ne (Agabon NLRG; G.R. -{'lo•.. 15°l!693, Termination ·after s months. of bona-fide· · ··'Noveinbe/17, 2604), .. . .. ,. suspension of operation; . , . . . 2. ·. -lf°l??sed·on -authorized ~ause-:.. P50;000 per. 6. · Term,ination. due to expitatiorJ 6f fixed-period.· Jaka qqc.trine· (Jaka Food Processin'g ·C,orp. v. · · employment; . Pacot, .G.R. -.No. 1:51·378',. March 28,. 2(J05). 1.,. T~rmination of- casual employment;
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-According to Jaka, the indemnity is.stiffer in case of ·,,.:· authorized cause termination because, unlike inthe •' case of just cause terminatlon where the employee ..ii. • h~S . Committed a wrongful act, an ernployee ·1 dismissed . based , on authorized cause has not deii1"1quency committed.any bl~me"Yorthy act nor any . , or· culpability on his· part. Instead, the· dismissal .. · .process Is initiated by the employer's exercise of his prerogative. (Jaka. Food Processing. ~{' management . . . . . l:i · Corp. v. Pacot,· G.R. No. 151378, March 28; 2005).
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Requisites: . a: There must be introduction of machinery, equipment or other devices; ' . b·. The introduction must be done)ri ~cod faith; . c. · The purpose. for· such introduction.must be valid .si.rch as to save on ·cost, enhan~e . efficiency ar:id." ·o,lher justlfiable economic . reasqns; . . . . . . .. . .. ~d. There is no other option . available' to the·· . . employe.r .. fhan . the -. introduction of ·. -machinery·, equipment or device an.d 'the· ~onsequent termination ot'employmer.it. of t_hose affected 'thereby; and •, . . . . . .. , e. · There must be.fair and reasonable c"riteria in · -sele'o.ting employees.to be terminated. 0. No .. 147--15;·.Sec. 5.4(a)}.. · · · . ,
Some principles under the Agabon Doctrine ·. 1. · Measure of penalty cir lndernnity-« no io"ngert_un backwages but nominal datna'ges.. ·. . · · ·,. · 2. Since. dismissal is considered ·iega1;:any award. . of backwaqes must be "deleted and replaced by award indemnity. . .. . 3; Amount of nominal- damaqes rnay be reduced. But as far as the upping of. the . amount. is · concerned, survey· of Supreme . Court ,,:"'\ . . · · ··· · ·1 2 deci_si_or:is. in_d_icat.~sUjat.t~ere h_as yet Qeen,-0_·_.,-.
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ARTICLE 299• DISEASE As' · . .. · · · , TERM,NATION -'A~THORIZE. 0-_C_AUSES. OF Dl~MIS$AL
Th~;- following·. are ·.the. autho'rizec;J - caµses of di~mis.sal: (ARR-Cl).) . . . 1,· Installation · . of . labor~savirig , d~vice ···or. Automation;. r .2; Bedunda.ncy;" . , {. · · ~- .Beti:eochrrient (Oownsizing); · . 4. . £losure or. C,es_satioli ·of Opeiratlorl of th_e Establishment or· !Jndertakirig (LABOR CODIE, f "Ari. 298); anp ·. . : .. · , .; · 5, .,Qisease (LABOR CODE, Art.. 299). ·. ·
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.lnstall~tion ~-;_ ~ Labo~-sa~ing . _D'evi~~s ....:. . -reduction·. of the . .nui:nber of . workers in arw . wo'rkplace rnade :necessary· by the introduction of labor-savirig-maeliinery or devices- (0.0 . .f'i/o. 147--15, Sec. 4(m}X -·. · · · · 0
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redundan<,y :s_uc_~ a~:~ut'not_ Uh}it~d t,?-.!~e new · s~affmg . . pattern, · _. feas1b1hty studies/propos~t; on. ~he ·via~ility" .of. the new_!y .c_reate.~positions, job de_scrfptibnarid the approval "by th.e . management Qf the ·restructuring (D.O. f:Jo. 147_~15_..,:sec. s;4(b)) ..
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J-::,;· \,,... . ' t~~ .....i.~ . .,;\· .. ~ ,-,: Suspension of Effe_cts of Term_inati~n;.5"..,. · ·. \:.J -'j · R~\ii's~~:· · The. See_ret~ry _of La~or may s~spen~.Jpe Jff'e~ts a. Ths'f'\'tnust be, superfluous positions. or the ten:nmat10~pend1~g reso!ul1on of th~-~~e ~~-tM,.... l·1.,. seiviije\of employees; · .. ev~~t <;>f:~ pnma fac1.e_fifldl~Q by,..!~e<'~p,g~pna~e:J:-1 ·0.":fo~e-~sltion.-cir services are in excess of. o:tt1c1~I of .th~·-_DOLE befor~ th~ '9i~p,ute ~1~. · \j_. · natlis r~~sonabJy'derriand~dby.the ac::tual pending ""''· .. __~~ ·! i.1:ts~p tth e en . t erpnse . . to opera tem . · Th that. t · ti" · ,(•• ,:,,: ..J,'""'';'.>.,. li.).h-··. ,· , "'. ~,,..,:r.eqmieroen 1 • · . ~ errmna on _may ca_~pe r,a- S~Ol!IS l'd.~f}"r ·,. !,~'Ii '--..;'afl'Efc0r\ci""fhlcaland efficient manner··' . · ·• dispute . .• -_ • • . ~ ~- _ tJ.'fi~(. &'.,:.' .). 1\z· . c. ""Ttiere"'JT)'ust .,;-,.v.- - · ~,>. • · . • • • ~ JI·>/ .. • .'l ,. ;"r · be good faith jn abolishing 2. The t~rmmat1o!l 1s m 1_m_pleme~Jt91i01.~c1 ma~ · · ._·redundant-positions; · . lay-off (LA~OR CCJ_QE, Art. 292!b)~ . -~- · . . · ~ i;~;i;~~~- T~ere iny_st be fair _and reas'on'."ble criteria in ARTICLE .298: CLOSURE OF EST;BciSHME~~;ti~~~\~icting the emp_loyees to be terminated;
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N~te:"· Reorgani_zatiorJ _as a cost-saving device is·. ~cknowledg~d by jurisprudence. An en'lpl_oyeri~. not precluded fr0m ad9pting a riew_pelicy conducive t9 . 8' mo.re economical <;1nd effective man.agement, "an<;!... . tne:raw dpes not require ttiat, the·empfoyer ~lfould be - . . sufferingflrianc:ial losses before he can 'terminate the , s~rvices: of ":the emp_loyee'. on the grour;id.. of redundancy (DOLE Philippines,-Inc. v: NLRC, G.R.. No .. 120009, Sep_temb~r 13, 2001}: . It is. ·however not _enoug_h for a comp~ny .to ·merely declare. that positi,ons hav~ . be.come redun9ant. It must produce adequate p~oofof~uch redund_ancy lo · justify · .the dismissal· of the affected employees
2019 SAN SEDA LAW C~NTRALIZEO.
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Evidence to Substantiate Redundancy: Nl:iw staffing pattern: · b. Feasibility studles/proposat on the· viability . of the newly created posltlons;: . c. Job description: and d. Approval , QY·· the . management of· 'the .restructuring (Andrada ·V. NtRC, ·G.R. No.
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Employer · reduces .tne -When for purposes of number of its 'personrre! economy a . company ln order to pr.event further decides to reorganize its losses in. his business departments by imposing operations : · (Catt.co on· 'employees of ...one 1"73231," supra) .. ·. tntemetionet ' . L{d>• V: department'. the .duties Ottice of· the Minister- performed · by · · the. Add!~lon,Jl·requisite: ... :,· . '., . Ministry of." Labor, G,B. employees 'of.'tJ,e otherRetrenchmentls reascnably necessary and likely to. No. 76966, August· . 7, departmeat, , ·. thus "prevent business-losses, "which,".if already Incurred." .. : 1992). · · · ... · ren-de~ing". unnecessary are. not .merely cl~ -rninlmis, but substantial,' serious, · ' the .job of the· latter, the actual and real, or if" only expected, are' reasonably services · ·. · of. the lmrninentas perceived objectively and iii go.ad.faith.' . employees whose . by the empJ?y~r (Lambert P{Jwnbrokers and ~ew_J/Cf.;~ """""'""- . · · . . · · · . · · functions are _now b.eirig · · Corp. v.. B~na_m_ira, _G.R. No. 1704_64, July ~10). performed bY, the fo.r~er! 1t,. .. · . .. · · ,;r;f:~· .?' .,.~ .· . may be . validly 3. "Retre~ch~ent_ .or. p~wn.slz.i'lg:i:7'.e"i
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. . . ),Note_:· The 'employer bears the burden to prove such ·.::J'g~ol,!nO with· clear and satisfactory evidence, failing ·. ,,·:;!which the dismissal on such- gmund is unjustified iJ:rBio Quest.Mar~e.ting lnc. 'end/orJose L. _Co it.. Rey, ...,
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Rules: ., · . · a: Whe~e .closure is due tp· serious business _losses, no sepatation 'pa·y Is required (North Davao °Mining Corp: v;· NLRC, G:R. No. ·11°2~46, March·13, 1:996); . · · · ·Note: The: ex~n;ir?lion ·bniy. pertains fq the ·oblfgation of the employer urwer.Art. 297 6f the Lab.or Code, When . . the.;.' · ·obligation .. to .. pay : separation. . . benefits, . h_owever, 1s no\ sourced from law (partlcµlarly, Ar1icle . 197 of the. ~abor Cocte), l:lut · from contract, such as · an existing_~olle<,tivebargair.iing_-~greement betwee'p .. the e·mployer·and. ils."employees;..an examination· of tti.e latter's provisions becomes necessary .In order Jo determine .the. ·99verning_"parameters the said obligaJion (Benso1_1· Industries Emp/9yees. UniqnALU-TUCP. v.. Beason· lnaustries,. Inc.,. G.R. No. · .-200746, Augu_~t 6,- 2014).. . . .
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•' ·it applies to termination of, employment in the same , line of work. What ls contemplated in the LIFO rule
·-.is._that whe;n there are two 'or more employees- ,,/occupying'. the: same .· positlon in the company. '1_.:affe¢ted .l?Y th~ retrenchment. proqram, the laft one . ~-,.emp(.oy~_d_ wi{~ nec.~ssy1rily,be. the. first toqo .(M~'yey__ faiff!S; ~mployl!es Qf.gan,iz[!tion v. NLR~, G.R No •. · ·~f -10625{;, Deq.e_mb_er28, · 1994). · . . .. . . . . , ,.· HoW:ever, no mandates lastin, fiFst out (UFO) or ';; · · Flrst, in, :J...ast Out (FILO). The .reason is simple. A \'. hostof relevant factors come into "pl~y in"determining ' . ;;.- , · cast .efficient. .:. measures , arid ."'in choosing the ,,... b.. Where closure , is· .. not ·clue: to serious · ,:·· employees.who"wlll.be·retained orseparated"to"save!"·/t.l business: losses, workers are entitled· to the company closinq shop,' In det~rminfrigy<)·· . separation . .pay . .(Manila . ; Polo Club jc.' these issues, rnanaqement has to· enjoy a /pre1:;:·.. ·.t Employees Union (MCPEU) FUR-TUCP v. ,f: emlnent role .: ('T.)anagement prerogative) .(~"$'(an,'.~.\,: Ma"njla Po10:c1ub; Inc., G.R. No .. 1728:16, f-:· Alcohol_Corp:_v. N_LRC, G.R. [Vo. 131108, Marcjf.2f;::)J::·~"""i?.:::.~.., Julj}?,_4,2(113); and. ·· . : _- · .. ·· ·: .. ·i', 1999). ·. · . ·:.· . .· · -:':"-X·e.~~ef~ clo$ure was due· to an act· of thE;i ~' · . . . . · .: . . . . ,.,'."."'_:,.; . .. .A..J . govpr.r:im·er:it, the ..workers are not ~ntitled to }>. In cas~s. ,of in~tallabcm of. _l,;i_bor-s~.v1~g1f.devt?es-'.:-····i~ . s_eij.aY,ation pay' (National F~deration of S · ~e~und-;tncy ·al"!q· retrenchment,_ _!~e ~1~0, 1;9~-.,;,shall / 1 . . L~'bpf J\("LRC, G.B .. No. 127718, March 2, f: .. apply,.e?Ccept wh_e_n an emplo"ye~v~blan~.~r.S:tobe ~b06j. \' . ·. . · . separat~ffrq1:rrei!iploym~nt.
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Medical Certificates need not be notarlzedln .orcer to be admitted in . evidence and accorded . full probative · weight 'because in practice, these documents contain 'siqnatures .of physicians which gives rise to the. .presurnptlon that the medical certificate has been regularly issued (Union Motor ' Corp. 'v, NLRC, G.R.· No. ·1.59738, December 9, .2004):.
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redundancy '"'.' 1 month pay or at least ~ month. ·pay for every year of· servlce,' whtcheverls higher. afracuonotat least·· . 6 months shall be considered as ·1 whole year. . b, · If based on: i.' Retrenchment; or .. . ii.: Closure· . not due" to 'serious business losses· or ·financiahevei-ses ~-1 month . pay or least Y:z··mont!l pay for _every year of'service, whichever is higti'er, a fraction
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Note: bisc;riminali~n in· any, form'. from pre-employrnent to .post-ernpioyrnent, including hiring, · promotion qr assignment, based on. the actual, perceived or suspected HIV status of an iri'dividual is · prohibited: Termination'from work on. the sole basis orflnanclat reverses c-noseparetjonpayIs of 'actual, perceived -or suspected t11v·status is -requlred.: · , . <' :. · · · . deemed unlawful (R.A. No. 8504,.Sec. ·35). · d. h-1 case th'e·cEiA or.company policy provides .· . . . . . .· . . · . for a higher separation pay. Thesamernust: It' is. ~mly where there i.s··-~ prior certification from a . be foiloWed instead -of theone ·Providf.ld i~==--==£~petentpublic authority that the' disease afflicting Art 29EJ.'(CHAN1 supra af31_5); · /;?"~ lTLJ: iRe:;~mJ?.!oyee·.souqht to be dismissed is of such e. Fair and :reasonable criteria -~,,.;;i:lef[ert!iQ.i~(;I1l Jn~\lil"
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Disease . }i, · /· In. case\ the -~,nlip~~f unreasonably refuses to 'Requi:-ltes: . s~~l7T~·medi~h--~JS.atn.ination or treatment upon_ a. The.~mp)oyee.1~ su,s_'nr1grfgoman ,d1se~~~r ~~-A~. fjq~e~te~1.to..,,~~-. so, the - employer _may b. The continued ..emp!oylJ{eh~of ti'\~ e"'mp.loy.~-e:c: -;-m]:e.tm1nate his, U sePflfc~s on · the ground of Is pr9hil:lite9 by ·_la~icff:,-pr.~j~d!c:fa{~.~~~.!P.2i~~jti~bor. w111Ju1 di~obedience_ · of lawf~I health as well i;l~ to .1.}ea,1.thotJ;it'§J~r-!;p;,~ 1· t ~ er_,,{yt8;©R9i0BJ!f lrt:297 (a)), · .. · ~mj)foyees; and ·. i '\."ft., /' 't \;e~\~~;._:r~· ~ ;~) • •' JI . . -:v JI ., . . .: . · c. . _There·must be. certifi~atioil a cowffe.t'i~().P.::S1 · ' · .~!dllral ~t~ps R~.quired . · pl,J'blic health a~thorit~th_at ttil:l. dis~~-· 1G:·'Qf-fttfen.iiotic~t1femp!_oyee.·concerned,at least in~urable with~·- a_ perio'tt~_?f6_ m"a~~~~'JENT\~O ,9~Y~ prier }fthe· intends~ date of.termi.nation with proper m_ed1cal.. treatrnen_t ,.fP.e.._.._Ni:f..~.-.;JPfO,. ~%147-1,5, S~c. 5.3~. , · · · 147~15, Sec.. 5.4(e)). : , .. ~+-·{\: }c:«~ · ·. · · ·. . . ·. , · . · · ::)\~ .. «;)].,. _:,:_.~\ ,f -~;t"'ijpji:!'i".,vvn~n _te~_mination of employment is Termi,:iatipn.of.services'for ~ealth.:re~son~ll.l'U§&g; ... by ~h.e_ f,a1lure .C!f an empl_o~ee to meet effected · only. upon compJ1ar::ice . with· tbe: :above'""'="~ the st~ndards . of the employ~r m · ca~e of . · requisites (iAZUCENA,sup',:_;/at 91-8-$19). . . :- :") · • probati~nary,en:iployment, it .~hair be ~uffici~nt · · · .. · .. · ·.· · ' that. <'! · Written .·notice -is. ser:vEld .the: employee-· Not~:· In. ca$e. of death." Art. ~:99·= cldes not apply within a reasonabltHime from' the effective date · ( Gom·ez v. P.e,ntral'Vege.table'Oil; .GJ~.·No. L-227Q2,· . of t~tmiriation (IRR.·of (he,LAB.OR. COl)E, Book . . .)uly 2,8, ,1969): · .. ·. · · · ' .· · · Vl;R.__~leI, SecJ2):. · · , ·,; . . . ·. . ·. When. terminatjon . br~Ught . about_. by .the Competer:it· Health. Authority ·..-~fers. t~ '8 . completion 9( ttie 90.ntract..or phase 'thefeof, no· government. doctpr, 'w\lhose · medical 'sp.ecialization'. . prior )JotiGe is require.d (bto.- No:"09--97,' Rule .. pertains to the. disease' 'being 'suffered:· '.bl the XIII, Sectiqn :?(c)); · .. ·: .. · . . · . , • employe·e. (CHAty,··~upra,at 334)-. · . . -· ' . .. . . ... ... . . .. · .. ' . . - .·. .:\' . ·,' 2.. Written notice opu~ at least 30 days prior to ·. The· requi.remeht·for a medical. certificate ·under Art. .(l;le -JntendeQ;da_te of:terminatiori; · 2!:19 -of the La~or code c·annot qe dispe~sed with; . . . . . othe'rwise, .. it. would ' sanction . the' unilateral' and . Purp9se: To l:i.riable it .to .ascertain the. ve_racity arb{trarydetermi~atitmbythe·employer of.the gravity' .. of the cause ·of termination. or extent of the··employee's illness arid thus. defeat · the publi¢._policy-in the protection of labor (Sy .v. CA, .. 3.. .Pa.yrriEi°ntof sepc;irat1oh pay (LABOR CODE, Art. G.R. No_ 14n93; February.27,.2003); ' 1 ··2~~-299): . . . . . . ·: . . ·. · · · · .. - . .. ,. . . . ~ ... 5.
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Payment of Separation
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The rule- is different in: the case .of -an illegally empJoyee in which the separatic;m. pay shall be computed from the start of employment untll his actual separation .(such .as tn cases where reinstatement is no longer feasible) (Golden Ace _Buil~ers v. Ta/de, G:R: No._ 187:lOP, May 5, 2010).
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Eqtljvafeht .· to · least fo_qnth. ·pay or at least 1 month p_ay for every year of service, . whichever. is h)gh¢·r: fraction ·of 6 nion.tti"s.is "considered as 1 yv_hol~ · .. yea~ ·.. (LABOR CObE;Art. 298). - . ·; .
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EQuivaielit to 1 month. pay or~tleast"Y:imonth pay°for ·_every· yea·r. ·. of . "service, whi<.:hever': is·. h_igher, a fraction of ·6. months is considered -:as 1 whole _·year (LAB()R:JJbDE, Art, :298).·. · '.
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for Just Cause v, Termination for . Aµtho"rized :cause . . . .
The employee, . -ls-. Tl:le .employee ,IS dismissed "for causes dismissed {or causes which are attributable to broughtby·tne'neces.sity: his fault 'or 'culpability and · .. exigencies · of (D.O.· No. 147-15, .. Sec. business; . changing •4(b)). economic · conditions
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Equivalerrt to 1 mqnth\i?l=\f <·11;;,f . 147~15, Se_c. 4(a)). or at lea~t Y:, month. paj'fof ., '.:·•./,_:... '"' ' ~ ~'i'~ ' . '. . . ' . eyery . year of . .s6rvic~;~j ! ,,'.£,....:. ~Hf ~.. "'. ·. . ' . , - • . ' · • . • . 1' \; w~ic~eve.r )sr;.%gher,· As a . ri:Jle,,?~\?ismi~se~:Ar( empi. . /= " . :" r•l v. Tadgµm,~ G.F.s: No. 2-98-299). · : · .': tt~:1 ~.;.?.?i.ih.. ·,....... , ··r 2210.~~~Jun'e-.-gS/2-PJ.,7).. : · '· : · . l:f duej"to s.ev~~/!)usin~~ , .. -w:•-'."" .'~,w· .. · · :fosses ~--"-'~~-,-,r--..; o?:,,-t.,.~narioia:I · 1. ·. r· . . t;·''} reverses;lltflO" · separati1;>h ·. h l · . . _pay' .. due 'f•(North},Davao . -_r;'-fr-:- -'a~fore· ~n '. employee .is E.mplqyer m4st giv~ the . Minlng· .& )p'§>-Verbpf!J.~FJ.t.:w::T.•s'§_edJor_just cause, ·1:1rnployee . to . . be· . Corp.oration,y;{p.JLR9:ff¥R: ·· ·-- ·he rriasr-~e give~ ar(lp_le ten:,in13ted . a writtefl No: .f12546;,:\¥_frlifi-''-1:J;- . opport~rnty to .be ~e;:1rd r:iotice_- at leqst one· (1) 1996). . , . _'-f~:..:,':;::'\ ·· and to defena h!mself month before · the ·· ..... , .. (D.o.· N~..--147-.15, Sec." inte.rided -dar . ··of. Equivafe.ni. {o at. le·ast 5.1(b)) .. -· · termiriatiori (0:'0. ··No.: 1month J,ala_ry_ ·or·'td % ·147_-15_,.$ec>·s.:3):. · montt, salary tor ever.yyear of"• service; whichever· is "'' "higher:- . a· . fra~tion of . Notice to . DOLE . is. not 'Notice; : :lo DOLE is least 6 months shall be · required (0.0. No. ·t-47- retjuired (0;9; -'No: ·147cqnside.red: f w~ole:· ye~r 15,- Sec. 5._1}. . 15;.Sec.'q.3J.:. ·. (LABOR CODE, Art.· 299).
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· Requi~ements for.Termination:· .. 1: Substantive· Due Process .
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of
comp~tatioi"! separi:i"tion'pay _sha!l pnly include th~·-. years. of service .ftA_BO~ _CODE, Art. 298)•. · . _..
The·empldyer sh.all not-tetmiriate·the:seniices of ' afl employee except for a just ca(Js¢ (Art. 297) or.:when· authorized· by-law (Art~. 298 and 299).· When ;ther·e is no- showing of.1;1. clear, valid .. and legal cause for the t~rmiriati.on of employment; th~ law co"nsiders the cas~ a ni"atter of. illegal dismissal ($-eneral Baptist . College v. NLRC, G.R. No. 85534, March-5, 199'$). · ·
2019 SAN BEDA LAW CENTRAUZfD BAR OPERATIONS.
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'2. · Procedural Due P.roc.ess . . a: · For termination. based on just causes under
Art. 297, procedural due process means The requirement · of. law m~ridating ·"the giving of . compliance with the following: i: · A written notice: (first notice) served on· 'notic~s was.· ir'iten.ded not :only to· :enable the . the employee specifying the ground for. ·.employee.? J6 look for another .~mployment and" ther$fote ease the.ir)'ipactof tlie las$. of their jobs and termination and.gi~in~ to sald employee reasonable opportunity . to explain · his . the correspon!;ling income, but iryiportantly; to _."s1de. · : · give ·the. .D~p·artmerit · of Lfibor_ and-: Employment ii. A hearing or·coriference (or at least an (DOL.E) ft.le opportunlty to,asci:Irtaln the verity of the . ·: . opportunity to ·be" heard) during .which ::)lleged authorized' cause: of terminatlon. (Mayon . the . employee- . .""concern'ed,· .. with' .. the Hotel & Res_taurantv. f!..d~na, G.R. No: 157634, May 16r~005)., .. _ _..· ·· · · assistance o( counsel if the. employee SO desires, is ,g.iven 'an opportunity to .. ' respond 'to the. charge, present hls . ARTICLE TERMINATION BY EMP.LOYEe . · evidehce · rebut the evidence 1, :.Withoht Just .-:"_;.by· s~rv!ng · a. written. 'presented 9gaipst him.: . "' notice· on the employer .at .least 1 -month in . iii.·. A written notice-of termination (second. . advance: The' employer upon wl)om .no such · · · notice) . served .. on· the employe.Ek=~-- .notice .was served may hold the employee liable indicating that upon due. con~ideratfon~ur . . r·--,,_Joi::~mages_ . .. . . . . . . . . . · · of all the circumstances, gro6'nd~':hhf1ve !, ri~Jwuh 3u,st Cause ~ An-employee may put- an · . bee~-. : -~stabli~hed tg..?"-<j~sliJ>i.";,l)J§='.-==~~~r~. e~ployrilent """.ithoul-servi~g;_ any . terrnlnation (Kmg of !f_1._l]Y!j_"71-;9rf,_$ptJft v. · . . . . n"Qt),ge '01'.ltttw.,employerfor any of the fc,llowmg_ · Mamac, G.R: No . .,}(66~,,,,i'~.,.-2~""'?.'~"'"""'=i.Ysl caa{es: ($\JCA) . . . · · , .2007). . . .···:{,-::e,,=,,,_ ,/7 s 'lg) ·°"jf ~7' a:-"'"\~~i~Sf~~lt"by the employer. Or his b. For termlnatlcjj' ~asep, or{la0f on~ld cau~·e: LJ°'t,, • lepre~:J.li~at~v~on the~ honor and person of under Art.· 298 and.A-9l- 299, comph(!mce with ,,,t;,-~ · ~e emplo{ee;"t ··,. p~~c~dural . · du_e ~icf_g}ss whid-~~-~s ......·1rr·~-:-l'l":"'~lhhuma'~-.....;j~q(,· Qnbearable Treatment service of.a wntten~r_:rot1eefo· the ~mpf6~j~'u~lj Jccorde'~rrhe~~i.,:iployee.bythe employer o.r.: . AND· the appropriale.,...R'e:gional. ~tfjce.;~:El~..w.~~~ . J1is "r~P.T(%S:eAtaFve·; · . < :·· . . · DOLE atle~sqo d~y~~~qretn"f~fltfctiy_it"y~~ :_sJ~ml~iori ~f~a ~rime·. or ?ff_ens_e~by tti': or the tem:11n~uon, sp~cJfY1~-9ttt~$€l~91!l!1q,o~~·.1: qi\ . /A{:~p.loy9rh·.11•~~11s, 1eµr~$er1lal1v~ .agam~l the grounds for- terrTJif!a'ti°\)6 ·ra~AN}(s'i)w/J..··.afE'i, .ltt:r.%-;~'? ./'.tj..PJi!r~o·l}l of Tu~11 employee or -any ·of the 341). . . . \ · . '~, ~~Jk~ ~ >-$.,/ '.:"-:<~'if.nm7ftiate1115:!mbers of: his family;-ar.id · c. For termination basel,.t orr c(l),q,pleli_g~~:"", O!!)~f.. cau~~~ · ~nalogous t_o · any of ~he ?Ontr~~t ~r phase~thereiiJ', .N.o ~~19r. no@:~"f\.1~: · fr~going (fA_BQR .CODE, _Art_.. 3()0): . . , . . . 1s requirei::l_{P.-Q. N9. 09_;9,7,Ru/~11,,_,.,]..g,~ ~...
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Ther.e,-w~s no._resignation. Whefl imtnediateiy. aft~.r.. ... . · · · . the:,al!eged resignation of the. .Eft:n.pfo.y~e;i,e filed a. Serio1is business ·_lossesdo .ncit excus~ the eri,ployer . complaint. for illega,1· d.\smissal (Carl9$:::v... CAi. G.R. · from:co"mplying with the cle~rance ot report r~qt1ired · .. · · Nb. 16?096, .August ·20()7).· .... . · :. ·: .. .· ·.. . 28; . . ~- ..., under- Art: '298 ·,the .. labor Code .. a_n~ its· implemsnting . r:ules . b,efor.e terminating... tre v~1urttary.· R_es°igna.tionis th~ ·~ct of an ~mplpyee;·• who finds himseifin•a.situation-in \vhich :he- believes employm·ent of its , W
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'·.:i=:ven if. the option to resiqn' qr_iginated from the employer, what is important for. resignation· to be '.'deemed voluntary is.Iha] the employee's intent to :, relinqui,sh must .concur ~ith the overt ac.t_ of . .~ relinquishment (Doble. v. A/;31;3, · Inc.,. ~.R.'; "No. ,}." :215627, June 5, 2017). · .- ·· .~. ,¥_t · : . . . :. . · 1'.:°."The employee must .serve ·a written notice on. the. !,f:'.. employer at 'least ·1. month- in. advance. Once ·. ·accepteci, it cannot be withdrawn· .Without· the . consent. of the employer .(lo(ertrod"Matitime, Inc." ·ii. . ~ NLR_c; G'.R. No: 81?87., Jl!,:ie-1!1;_'1~91):'". . .
~fter the 30-day period of suspension, the.employee · must be reinstated to hi:;; former position because . suspension beycndtbis maximum period.amounts, to constructlve dismissal (Hya(! Taxi Services, Inc. v; Catinoy.,. G:R. No. 143204,Jun_e 26,. 2001). . ... Test of Constructive Oismi·ssal . · Th~ test of constructive dlsrnlssal is whether a · reasonablepersonin the employee's position would have felt compelled to give up his position under the circumstances "(McMer Corp, tnc., v.. ·NLRC,.. G.R. Np.. 19342JJ June 04( 2014).: . : '
~n--empl~yee -~ho. vol~ntarily re~i~·ns- i~· n~t:.entided : to . .separation' ·. pay unless stipulated in . an ... employment· ..contract . or. CBA or. sanctioned by :· established _emplo"yer practice "or policy "(Bel Rio V·. ·. DPO Philippines, tnc., G.R. 'Nb. 211525, Pecemqer · ) . 10, 2018). . . . . ..
Temporary Lay-Of( . . ... .. There is· no specific provision "9f l~w w_h.ich treats a temporary retrenchment or lay-qff. and provides for the, requisites in effectir1:9 it or a period of ,d.uration. therefore. These employees cannot however. be · forever "temporarily" .iaicfoff. ·
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,.· Voluntary resignation and ille~al di~"mis~a;_ ·. :r~~~d,;,°t~fs ~-ifuati~~,'A:rt: ?94 may be a~plied but . · ~dversely opp~s·ed . modes . .of: '. termih~fifl"!{( _; ;\ · only: p.y a·nalogy .. tq:. set · a sp~cific . period -~hat :!3mployment relatlons,:mthat the. pre.s.ence of)91l~-~-,··,,·J\ .emp.)oy~e~ may rem~1n._temporanly lard-o!f·.~r ma_ precludes ·th~t of the other (Alfaro_v, C~; G:R. 1·,:./.:.'~!,/'':':!-!~n,g. s.~Ns - _(while ~us.mes~ o~rat1on_s are." 140812, · ~ugust 28; 2001 ). . . ·. .. L, . :1 (';..'..:...,S.U.§~.~~~d.)}gronly a period 0!_~1~ (6) months (PHL · ·. . -· . · . . , · . . ·, ·. ·::·?- . '~' ,l T~legraplf'-8./Telep_~one Qorporat,on_ys. N~R.C, G. l.ntentlon to Resign . . . . · ... · (}'".:· . · R. No.-147~~~\April 15, 2005). A.n ·e'!'~l?yee may be deeme? ~o havc)';.~§!ef!1~d.fr~91" lf \\ . . . · . · .. .. . hrs_pos1tton wher:i·he ~.r9te ..a _Me_~,~-r.ld~~~~~Fll~. !:·~- :ARTICLJ:iF° ~01\ ,WHE~ .EMPLOYMENT NOT . to the." employer· ys1ng. ·,n·c~.:;~,a~.Y. W.g>~~S:": anfl_ 'DEEMEf;i _T~Rl\lll~ATE~· . . . . sarca.sbc:.. remarks ·_that nega,(e..,9e~1r.eT:--tQ:_1rr:ipro~e~,.!.;.J 1_.. BOIJB t,Jffe· su~penst(!)n of. the . op!,l_rat1on of a relatior:is. Such:"resfgnati.on· l~~y-qe::;3"-g}.~~ted~tj.. ~, ,i . :5"qsJf.i.e°(~.:ToF;Y.]iaerlaki!'igfor · a · ·µ~riod not rri_ade effe"ctive by_ \he rnar:iageg:ie_nt;:-aH~o ....ughi't¥1~ : I! j. ·eX:~ee~nQ!~i-~!(6)rnonths; or : .. empl9ye~ did. n.ot mentron. :the w97~:t'.gt~ig~.;,~n.d/ .2_. · F~lfillm~.nt_by.the emp!oy~e of :a military.or civic ''.r_esigm~Hon"." . Thi? !;lappeneo.. \JO~ tft~;1 ct\1j3f.. icL.,..,....:. .• duty,.· . . \.: Jnvesti~ativ:e·report~r of the Philipp-ine\~:}~~lfle·sen!.~~)'.'/::.,: . a: '.'Memorandum for File'.' tq the Cfja1rma117-0f;0-7J··"'--"Fleating-'S,atus . e?(~iessif)g hisifru.stratio1_1s and :diSE!P.Q"Rir:itmf,ht.s in· T~e, "flpating'status· of.;m emplciyee shoy!d_ last. 01;1Jy . {h~ office.(Philippfn~s_Tc;xJay tnc.;.v: fl!L.1'1~"'l._tf!3·:No, . for.~- reasonabl.~ time. Wh_en._th~floa~icig stat~~·of an 112.965, ,J~nuary ~O, -1997). · ·· ·. · · ~mplqyee· l~s,s, for more th.an 6 months, he may be ·. consfd.ered t9 !Ja.ve been: ~qnstro~tively- dismissed' Con.s~(uctive Dismissal . . · · -·: .. ·, .. ·.... - . . . . from· -.servfc·e.: ;Thu·s, "h_e· is -entitled to the 1. .There r'nay·.b~·co.r;istructiye di.smissal i( an 'acfof torrespondjng: be11efits 'for. :his·.· separation. (Aglo · ' cle_a·r discrimination,· ins~r:isibill~,' or ,disdain ·\)y Commercial :Security ·services .'Agency, toe: v. an employer be.comessq._unbearib.le .ori the part·. NtRC;, G.R. Nos. 82823-"2.t/., ·July_:n_, "f989). : :· of ·the..,.eiriploy~~-- .th_at i"~ ··could,. _for~close any ' · ··· ·· · · ·· choice by him· exc~pt to forego "tiis·contir]u"ed '. Note:· It is _manifestly _unfair ~i°nd· 1,1na~ceptable to_ etn'pldyment ·.·(Hyatt. ·.Taxi'. Servfce.s,.,. Int: ·.v.. immediately dee.tare the mere faps_e .of the 6-month · · Catinoy,:G.R~ No. ·1.f3?Q4, 'June 26, _2001). ·•. :· · ·. period",'of ffoatii")g status as a···case of. ·constructive . 2, O~p1otion ·.in.. ·~an_k/ctiminution;: :o.f. ·.pay ...; (2 disniJ~sal," without looking -''in.to:·.·,tt-ie .:·: peculiar · . -AZUCENA, supr_a a't 1046). · .... :. . . . ci~cunist~nc.~s:th_at_res.urted in lhe s_~cur_i!Y 9_u~rd's_·_·. · 3_. Flaa.ting stall.I.~'- of a :·s~curity_ 1guard,'. ~.uch. as · ·. fa11u~e to assume a11other pos~ (E~oc_et§ecuntyand. , ·responaent, "fo( more thc;\ri .6 months,cor.istitutes : ·Allies·Services Corp. v: Serrano; G.R. No.. "198538, tonstructive 'dismissal ·(Emeriius Security .and. Sef?teinb~r 2!}, 2014):. · ·' · · · ··. ·· · MEJintenance Systems; Inc.' v. · Oaillg, · G.R. :No.·. · .2°04761, April-2, 20"14)... .. ·. . :" . : . . ' . .
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173
LABOR ·RE·LATlONS
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.$AN'QEDA LAW "CENTRALfZEDBAR OPERATIONS.- MEµOFIYAID·"201~
.. Summary. of Requisites for causes, of
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Termination
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There must be ·mi~_condtict;. The mlsconcuct must be of . -such' grave "and aggravated · character; ' · · . There must be showlnqthat the.employeebecomes unfit to- 'continue .·working fot. the : empioye~ (/;);o ... No.. 147-15,· -e-:
· · sec.·{)d(~JJ. .- '.
3 .. The employee.· concerned must be holding a-position of trust and confidence; 4.. The loss · of . trust· and confidence should not be simulated; . 5. It should not be" used as. a . · subterfuge for causes Which are improper, . illegal or unjustified: and . ' . 6. It rnusfbe genuine and not a mere: afterthought to justify · .an .earlier action taken ln bad ... fait~ (D. 0. /ifo. 147.~fs:.$ec. 5_.2"(e)). .. · ·· · ·
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1.. There must .be . 'an ad- or ~ o'missJ
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j(There. must ,._'· ornlsslon · · simfrar - to : • those. .: specified jtist·causes; and, .. 2. ·The act or omissiQri mustbe .. -;yqluniary and/or willfuron the . part: the .emplovees. (Dp. ·. No. -147-;15,. Sec. _q:2(g))-;· · ·' .'
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. 1. there .· must · .ba .. an: ·. act, : omission";or concealment; . 2, The · · ac,t,. ,· .omlsston ·. or · . : concealment . ·. -Joiiorve_s a. ·· · breach of legal duty.. trust; or · -contldencejustlyreposed; 3. Jt must be committed against · · . . the . employer ·. .tiis/her" . . . representauve.. ~ . . 14; It- mustbe 1n connection witti ·lhe employee's work· to.o, · _:. f;Ji)_:· 147_::15,Sec. 5,2(d)). ·
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1. There must; · be: an . act; · ornlsslon orconcealment; 2. The act, . . omlsslon · · or · · concealment j4stifies ,he [oss of Irost and confidence;
174-1
2019.SAN BED.A.LAW CENTRALJZED!::JAROPE~TIONS .
1. Th'e.re.mus(~e iritto,tjuction6.f . ·: . mac)Jfrieiy; .. equipm~r:it .. or . oth~(<;levices; . 2: Tlie ."introduction must · :be <;lone. in°QQ6p. faith; ... ·3'. 'The purppse .··ror 'such ·:·-. introd.\.!.cJion· mu~(. be v~lid .··such, __ as '.·_to· sav!:¥. .on· cost, ·: enhal"lce efficiency':and other . · justifi~ble .economic r~asom~;. · 4. ihere·. is" no. other, option. ·available . tq :the.~ employer than; the .. introduction 'of machjnery, .. equipr,:ie('lt or deyice an~ the conseque_nt
LABO·R ·RELA rtons
SAN BWA_ LAW CENTRALIZED' BAR OPERAT./ONS - MEMO~Y)liD . .7019 111&1 ii&& J .
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T her.e must· be fair and · . reasonable . · criteria'. in ascertaining .. who . would be dismissed and who would be retained :ar:nol!ntr . the .. ~niplqyees, such ·as: 'status, _l:lffjcie'ncy,.s_el'lior:ity,·physical fitnes~.: age, · and ·tinanc_ia'I ha"rdship·· for'certain workers
. termination Qf employment of those affected therebyrand 5.. There must be fair and · . reasonable, .critejia .. in. selectinq employees to · be .terminated (D: 6: No .. 14 7-15, Sec. 5.'4(a)j.
.. ' 1. There must be superfluous positions or .. services. of employees;
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2.: Ttie·.positions or-services are · . in · excess. -of .. ·· what ' is ·--reas.onab.ly. demanded by the · 'actual .requlrements .of the. . . . enterprise to' ope-rate. in .. an economical 'and efficfent· . rnanner: · . 3. There must be good faith in ·, '. ·abolishing · : ·· '. redundant •·/0 . . .poslflons: . . -;.~(. ,,., ·Y(.\. ,. ... , 4 . Th ere must .be . fa1r·,9~d,r, .. ;,~\-.. . .·Teasonable '. criteria ~\JirJ< .:. r;.:-~ . .. . . .selectinq the' employee,,~ft9'_ :~.i\{1;,'. <·: ··: be termtnated-and · >t;.7 -1·:, i·:lll,. .....::.. 5, There must. beju'l".'adequate .f~ . . . . ...proof of r'edund.ati;y;such as',·"'::,.~ ,. ~ . , ·" ..-I -but. not limite~ •·;tqp.th~;Jiew'. ';~ .: $ta~ng .w5~frf.'·;e~t~rsi~ili_ty.! J1i . ·-stuq1estp/oposal' 'l:orr'. tht=l,. · ·l
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1. Reasonable · and · lawful ·grounps~ specified ·. under . · ·company policies; : · · · ·2: An em.ployee fo~nd po$iti:ve· :. ·. for use of. d~r:igero,us drugs shall . . be: . dealt . . with . ·. adminil,tratively . ·.. .3:. SeXJJal l)ar~~sm~nt (seriou1;1 · : tnls.con.duct) ·· · · . · .: · · 4.' -:niose providep..fQr under the . CBA (D ..o::No. 14"7.-15; Sed. . :·?); ·,-.
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1 .... J.~~ retre!"c.hrnen_tr~usJ be .' · . reasonably .. necessary" and likely to prevent · business . · . . io$ses; .., • .' '. .:·. :. · .· .. · · · ·~:· TtJ~ ·1os$~s •. ·.. j(·:- alre.ady · . inci.Jrted, are no.t rne~e_ly ~e . . ' . -· .r_'ilinimis, . 'but .. suostantial, . serious, actual an.d' real, or. if . ' . only ... expected; . . . are . : : ..' reas6riably imminent; · 3, ."tl'!e .. exp~cte.d .. 'or ·~ctu~i .. '.losses: m:ust. !)e. l)'roved by sufficient · . ~nd . · convfncing ., :·. ,,e.vidence; . · : .· . 4. Tfie retrerichmebt must·be in .. · ·. 9.009 · .faitl:) · ... for· : · the . ''!3dvaricement 'of. its. interest and· ric;,f . tci.. defeat . or . .. circumveat . th.e' empl0yees' · : · right to. security ~of ,tenure; · and
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1. The employee must · be ,· -: suffering ftom ·any disease;· 2. The . continued employtn.ent . of the ernployee'is 'prohibited· · by lay., or . prejudicial : to ··hi~/her health as-·.well as to,: ·the health' .of his/her co_ve·mP.loyees;.arid. . : . 3. Tliere ·must . be · c;.ettificatron . by a··cqrnp.eterit·p'ublic-health .a.utticirity · that 'the dlsease is irwurable.. within ,a period of -si:i(· (~) · -m_onths' even ·..with ... proper, .medical . treatment '.' · (D.O. No. · 147-.15,·· Sec.-
the . appr~val .:~;J:iv . ,i.tiej--;· • ... . manage·memtf1:..-' ot(.\ . 'tht; -::· rl~.I . restru~turing _147-. · ',)::;;:.15,
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.1._,·rne~e. mu~t-be ·a ·decision' to · · .. clos~ ·or ~ea~e.. operation of Jhe . ente.rprise . by . the. management; . 2:. .The decision was made. ifl . good faith; and . . _3: · .Tt)er7 is. l')O . ~ther option · · available to· the employer except .to close or·' cease operations (D.O. No. 147715,
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2019 SAN BEOA LAW CE.NTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS '
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175
LABOR RE.LA-TI.ONS .
SAf.f.E!cOA LAW Cl;':'fRALIZEO
.RETIREM.ENT FR.o'lV-[ THE SERVICE·:. TITLE
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BAR dPERATIONS .~ t,,EMORY Atp . Article 302
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2019
of the Labor Code (R.A. No, f0757, Se_c.
2).
Rule on Miniog'Empl(?y~es (R.A. No .. 10757) · . . An'underqround or a surface. mining employee, upon reaching the aqe o(50 years or more butnot beyond 60 ye13rs (50-6.0)· is· declared the· compulsory · retirement ·age for.. both underqround and surface. _-min.eworkers (R.A. No.'·10757, Sec.?).
RE:rlREMENT FROM SERVl~E
ARTICLE .~oz.:· RETIREMENT : . . Retir.ement' is the resutt of abuaterat act of the
parties.. ·-~ 'voluntary agreement between . Ifie Surface mine workers shall inciude mill .plant employerarid the employee whereby the la't~~r. af.ter·_ workers, electrical, mechanical,· and .tailinqs pond · · reachinq a certain age·,· agrees at-id/or. cohsenls to N . sever his ernploymantwlth the former {f!rion, v. . P.erson:iel (R.A... 0· 10~57, Sec. 2), · .·. · Souih ·.-.pr.1 tlntan. ·Mission . of the .. seventlJ.· Day. · .· Ttie rule ls different with respect to. underground. Adventist Church,·G.R. No. 135136;·May'19,.1.99_9) .. · .. · .· mining employees whose optional retirement age is: • . . • .. • .v- ., • • • · • · 5().:60.provided they have atleast served for .a 'period · Article· 3o'2. appli~s to -all ~niploy_~_e~·'\r.i. ~h~ ,_i,ri~~te ·. ', · of 5 years (LABOR CODE; Art. 31)2, _as emended ·by sect~r, f~~afdless. _o~ 'their ·pos1~~n•. des_1~1)~tlo~,. -, . R.A. No. 8558), . . · s!atus ~n~ 1rr~spect1ve of_the meth_o_d:b'Y,\_'\lhtc~,..t~~~~""·""'~~ · .. ·. . . . . .. . . . . .. w~ge:' ~r~ pald.iexcept !hose specJf1~~11y ~~e~te_d_.. ~ ,,oJnp,f!l~Q[Y~etireme~t :Age below ~O Allo~ed :' .. However, Art_.. 302 does·n~t a!?ply to. (~~). and employee. to.flx the 902 .P.e~~semployer ~. E~~toyees o! t~~- Nat_1~>n!=II ~ov.retn'1J:§fl'l:'1).:- .,its~----·"a---P1:>.JJ{~bt~,f~tir'e~e.'nt age· at below 60 years. 'f_he · political subdiy1s1?i;is, inc)u.d1!),~~i.;-~~.1f..'.~t~_,..~,;,.~e·1s"l~~.i;;1J!fi:id'~~forceable so long .as the ~a~1eS'· . · are covered by C1v11 _ s~.":'1q~~aw.~)?39 ,~~ · ·dl:.- . agre~'tq l:>e:!J~Ve~p~ci by such <;;BA (PantrancoNprtf/ ·. 2.. E¥mpl~ye~s...of :retail, se111~-~f)9I agfculturf.!j · JE.pt.es~.·/n'tJ.-.;tff;Nt.~C,: GR. fl!o. 95940, .July 24., · , ·~stabh_Shll)ents . or:· w.pera~J;!s. · /e_gular:i'y • '19_96}:. t . ~/ ~ ·[{"'\ . . · · · . . . · ~employing ~ot. more tha~ 19, en;uoroye.~~~.JIRR of ·.. \\JI ..s , · . . · ·.. · .. · . the LAB9R. CODE, f?_oofr ·J/, ~·.r.,~ ,.J;:·t~~sjgn·:of St'i\l1cd ~f Retlree · . · ,. . . · ·· ·. · · . · · · tt .r--., ' : · · · · .. · ·-~/ . ~UR"9n-th~ comp.y)l<~EY.'ifJi,tirE!me'ntof an employee or . Kin:ds_of.~etirement ~ch~iln,e~$.,:•~ .· ·.··· .. _'· ..·/~, t~~!Jlllf.;bfficial}jfp;,-t~e 1,lfilBTrcM or private sery.it..e, · !Jis. ,L Co_mpulsory_and con~r:1b~tc5l'\,jlq\~J:l~ k~':?.;:Semplof']le ) 1s .,~ter:!lfa.~.terminated. T~e· mat\?r <;>f . ~· One set up_ by·ag~ee_men,l pef1,e,~.,.tf\~;s!_fYe~!'r#~xte...~~~- f. ser)jc~~suchemployee. or offi91al rs ahd the employees 1n-Cf\~r ot_f.~f~atl1~~~~ti~ :s9u~d discretiorr of e,:riployer . between·. them (o.ther a~p.li~bl,e.mµ,~ym~t:_ I '?-- .. acufJj': Union),v._ Jy/,.RC;· _G.R. · ':"°..·_: 8988~, : ·: contrac.t};,~l"!d · . · · . · . . \ . .'i..~ : ·.~l~~;:;J, , ff 6, )990), :'·. !!' : · . : . : . ::.. ·., ·. : 3 .. On_e. mar ,s. voluntarrJy. 9!ve\,by_the ·.~P.!Qv.iitJ.t;'j:\~i.~ ,~: : · · . expressly as: in ~n ~nnounc~cl:fOf!l~J.!:~PSi]cy~·r,:ro;,e~rt:),o?,apphes only to a s1tuat1on. ~here.:. . , . . or·. impli~cj,l_y: as in, _failt:1re.>to~o.p.t,~l~):-Jtfe'·•·••·••:r:•~~,;,,=ff{r~§'pef°C~.-'.\.ot'bther ~PP.l!,cabl.e em~lp'yment ·. Elf'!li:>l~'YEl.e's: .. claim tor: : ~.etirem~'r!~,_i!eQtfi.t~ r10n_!rj1.clpr.~v1d1ng f()r rE:tire_me.n~ ·ben"'.f,ts for. an · .. (~~rlact> v. ·Reute,:s-:L1m1te~, PHL.,. -(p_~....,J:i,&,,,, . ·- ,.;,,,.,-~e"!'1ployee; or. . . . • . ..... . . .· .· · . 148(542, January:11,200!:;). ... · • ·· · ....,_....., 2 .. There is a...CBA-or ·other apphcable-~mpl9yment · · ·: · , ... · · : . . ·~fltract·.proi[i~fng.,fcir retiremerj.f:15e.r:ie{its set by fi9t·irernent_Ag e· ··.: . ·~·.·. - .. . ·:, ·.·:. ··· ~·_1aW~(Qb(!s.anv!·fNB,'·G . R.'NQ: ~8}1.l,°fJ,.July2?1 · . The a:g~ of .retireme~t _is. that specifiep Jn. thE\. C.BA'or. ·. · · .. 201 O)_, · ·. · · : in.. the employment·. con'tract (LABOR :·CQDE, · Art. · .· . , .• 3Q2).;. · · · · · .. , · · · · Benefit_s , .. ·. . . . . . . ..... · . . · .· · A·_retiree is E!ntitle.d to a retirement pay equivalent to · at -least. Y:z month· salary for eve'ry·year· qt ·service, a . fraction'pf .at·l~ast six (6) .months beir'ig ci;>n~id.~rl:ld 6()..l~ss'·tnan 65 . .Optibnal but the· empitiye_e·mu~t as"bl)e'(-1') . - · · · · · .. -: . whole,year. . .. ·. · .. . _liave· se.i:y~d atl~as.t'5 years·,· less th9'.p,,vtie; ·j,rov.ide .br~~der .inclu~iori~,.the. .. · 65 . ·. cc;mipt.J).sory .; .. _: ·term··.c.112) rri9~th salarf·sl:)all-r:nean 22.5 dc!Xs.per year of service,·.computed as follows:- . . . .-. · .(l_.:ABOR G0DE,.Art. $02). . .. :j. ·15' ~ays.plus (1/12) of th_e 131h .mon~h-pay~:and ' . ·: "Retail· ser.,;irie· - ar)d agri.c~ltura! establishn1ents .or . . · 2. The cash~equiv'alent of ·nof more·than 5. days of · .operation$ employing not more.·than fo employe~s service ·incentive leav~~ · (LAB.OR CODE, Art.· 302)_·-, .. ·. . . . . . .. ·. · .:: . or ·Wor~ers are exempted from the. . • coverage· of :·. ·} . . . . .· . .
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EiFFId 'ii4WR#4swt:"t41¥i ¥J&ii42ftKs4ttri:M#f &IM-H&MUt;.": . . . ;;( Employe·es. who are not entitled to 1311> Mo.nth Pay to those ·specifically exempted (/RR o( R.A.. No. l and Service Incentive Leave Pay while still .working 7641, Ru1e· 11! Sec. 2). . ;;. should riot be paid. the enttre "2·2.5 days" but their i;O retirement pay should be computed ori ttre sole basis Exemption of nls salary· (R&E Trerisport Inc. v. Latag, G.R No. The law does not cover employees of: · (· 155214, Febrtia,-Y13, 2004); · . 1. Retail, service and c)griculturar establishments ' .. I(. . • . . or operations empioyiilg. hot . more . than. to.. Note: ·:rh.e aforementioned case Involves a taxi employees: and · . · . /}, driver- paid on · 'a "boundary- basis"; · however, for 2. Government and its _. political subdlvislons, purposes o_f cJpplylng _the_ l_aw on Sil a.~ well as _on -ineludlnq, GOCC'.s, if they are cover~d·. by the reti~en:ient,_ there ls a c;lifl'ereoc;e between drivers paid · Civil Service Law arrd ltsrequlatlons (/RR ofRA. \,,-. under the "boundary system", and conductors who No. 7641, Rule-It, Sec. 2). · · are paid. ~n commlsslon .basls.. . . · ~•t ~ · .· .. : · .· · · . -When to. Reti're: · . . .. ... ,_r.. •. The- serreno ¥.· Sevetino _Santos Transit . case 1. upon r~ach!ng 'the retirement ~ge established ii). : ·t. involved· a bus conductor paid. on, cemmlsslon 'basis · the-CBA or any other E.rri.ploymenf ~-q11tra~t (/RR .. ;;a -and 'the SC h.~ld )hat_ petitioO:er's., r!,!ti'fehlent pay . of RA.No." 7641, Ruie 11; S.ec. ·3.1-), . '\'·. should includethe.cash equivalent of the 5-day SIL . . . . {· and 1/12.of trie ·13!.;~montt, pay (Serrano v. se·1ter[no · Retirement Benefits - as. he -, may. have. earned Santos·rratjsif:.. N?,. 1B169fJ_~ Au~ust 9, 2010). ,.,_/~ under · existing l~ws. an~ any CBA .and · other ->:...- ·. • • · • . . , . / /).. agreements, provided that. .. . . . . { ·p·obl,k: sch~! .t~achers hav"i~g ful~1!ed the ~ge)ihd'i_,.f~\ · a. It sb~II npt bE;l less._than those prescribed by ,f., ,~erv1e;e requir~n:,e~ts of the_appl1cable · r~tlrerp';:~f .• ·:,··-j\ ·. the Retir~ment Pa)'_ La_w;_and ·. . . . · . / laW:> shall .be. 9!Y.~J.l one. ra.n~~ ~al_ary, ~cJ1se up.91~;, , ·•;) b. · Jf. such .be.nefits·ijre.l.ess, _the em_ploye_r shall -1;,. retirement, ~ich. shall. be :th_e ba~1s .- O~.jt~~- ·',:.u;,:-,,-:;1·.. differe_nc!3·between 'the .amount due· 'f CO[!lP_utation of.the· lump sum_of·the·retn:.el)J;,J;lt pay'<.)' r-r--:-~~Jlmi~n.·the. Retir~ment Pay_ Law 1:1.nd .t.ha_t and. ~t-Je month!Y bene~ts th_ereafter 467~1\.....U · . proyJg'~d under. the CBA or retire.m_~nt.plan ·:. Sec. ?6). , · . . . .))·h:, :'{ .. )~I~~. . ('lo. 7641, Ru/~ II, Sec. 3.2~; tJ&OUt'
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F6'r· employeeSi. paid by ·re-suits. arid 'do. not have· a . fixed monthly .rate, .. tti'e. b_asi!l· for determination of the salaiy for 15 days shall 'be ·1helr average ·daily salary (ADS);'
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GSIS __ retirement benefits apply to government employees only. . , 3. ·Th·e·coverage of the Pag-lBIG Fund -may tie · Sec. 5.2);.and · · treated . as -substi~uie requlrement for the Note: . Total of 22.5 days for -every year of · employee.withln the purview of the labor Code. service (Ser,:ano v. Severino Senioe'Trensit, (CHAN, Reviewer on t,abor L:aw, :2016f · · G.R. N~. 18.76~8, Aagust 9, 201"tJ). . · · ·,. . · ·._., . . Cc,n.trib1,1tory ·Retirement Plan . · . . . : · d .. All other benefits that' the, employer · and. B'olh theemployerand the employee contribute to a ·- . · . employee. 'may agr.ee· upon that should· be .. :retirement fund in accordance with ·a CBA or 'other included in fhe . computation of ..the · · employment · ' contract, .. the · · ern"P.loye(s .· total ·. employee's retirement pay:(IRR-"of R.A.- No. contributlonthereto.shouldnot be lesJ than. the total 7641, Rule II, Sec. 5.2).· retirement :.b~neflts.. to ·w,:i°fch·.th~ _err)P.Joye~. would . . . . ha\:(e been':' entitled -had there· 'baan no. such 3. -Compulsory Requirernent > .. upon reaching" the . retlrementfund.. ··· . . . . . ... :·· : ... ·. aqeof 65 (JRR. of R.A. No. 7641, Rule II, Sec: · . · . . . .. · ·:. . .: . :. . . 4.-2). . : ·: . ··: · . : . ·: case is:less th.an ~~-.-~~ID --n~ -· the employer's.contribution . . . . . ~ . . . the .· · . . :· .«lf Tetu:,e~~ · .Qenefits· provided under the law, ~he . Servic~ ~eq~·i.re!lle,:-it · . · • · :··~./'" I\~ :/f!1P;l9yer~~~uld pay. the deficien_c~( . (/RR. · The n:im1m·um _l~ng~~ of service ..of ~~5l,.y~~..;g~~me,Et ?a)(f_aw'.;R_ufe II, S~c .. 3,3): · .. shall· include 'authorized absenc~(.and~)t~gpfiol)S, r: . . · regu~r, holldays and n:iandatorytfeilfil~J!!~of"1]J,ilifar.y"'~rN~~~fi~~!Ji~.orx~etitement.Pla_ri · - .. or_ ci~1c duty '(/RR of.R.A. No_. 7(}jl;f/JR'j_1EJl(l, ~ec. 4Af./J° '~z's an\0XiS!jq~~n~.fi~under "Yhi<;:h. the emploY:er . . . . Ii "'",, L ffi~ ,.may. retrre ;1,.(riJJ?.ICW.ee; · regardless, of age, with Upon reti_remen_tof an emplo{;.;.:,w~efthero .ti~~~~ ' ·; .twent.y_ ~ears. ,·. (2 · AZU.CEN~, _supra . at . compul~Ory, his sery1ces COn\nUe?.__,~r . _~~-1\· l' . · ' ext~nd~d _on_~ ~<;1se to ~s. l??1s1sfl.Jp9n_a€{reerfi~ ~~ · r · · \i~ .'l ~ · .· · · · . of ·U:i¢. employer· and. emp .oy~g;..J.(,RR of ·E?-A- . lf!~\."wirnmriJ!-Pt~::Jni_e. _eqpploye~s .. have .: ?I vestE.ld ·and · 764:1,-.f?'!_le If; ~e~. 4:3).. ~ !,; . . ~ d~'!!~'}P~~~ r_1g?t to :-~}pQr,-co,:,t~ou!ory ·retirement : ·. ·.'·. · · · ·. , v, t,:rf') ~\ ."(~ ~ . ;: ' -~ 11 <£~Ja.n~:?fJle.;..7.mp!9ye~~ynot. unilaterally withdraw, ~et!reme_nt Pl,an_vl$-a-vis ~rtif.em·~.pt. P~y, )i.w · -~ 1~t,:~ij~ij)(~y ·or j.ctimini~1i· ·~ucb- .benefits · (Nestle _A .r~firementplan -in·~ _comijt3~f.P.a,~ake's-t.J:>f~~~-.1. ·"''f,JfjJJe,piijes_,tq~: v,•.N.~"C?;· G.R. No. _91431; February ·rature of, a c~ntract, with .ttf~; e.n:iplo.Y...~r:. ·~9"'~~,...,...~f ). /. · .. _, ,. · · · · · · '· . · · .· · employee i;IS tfle·coritracting·-par,ties: R.A~o.Q.~1· E.·N· ? · · · · ' · ·· , 0.nly applies ,in a ,situatior:i where:~~ _;r '""~..: ..._µ1 ;;;.,- ·i;,,:~.:S;'-...,/< :. . · · . · · · · 1. There·is ·no.q~~ or other ~p·p)icai;~~ ..e~~Yfl"er'i_t--,e.-,="'~~t~f>~4~.E¥EN1:PREROGATIVE .•.. 2.
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· , · guide . the · exercise of. its . rnanaqernent . prerogative to discipline or dismiss· erring . ... employees 'is that·. the policles.. rules : and . · · regulations. on work-related · activities of _the employees must always be {alr.and.'reasonable 'andthe correspondrnq penalties, when . prescribed; should 'be commensurate to the offense involved and. · to the· d~gree of the. infraction· (vtseyen ·Electric . Company
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The tight of- the 'employer to dismiss its. erring . 106516; September Z1, ·1999).· .: -, : ·.. · ··· · ernplevees: ls- -a. 'measure. of self-protection . . . . ._ . . . , : (Mau/av.Xia;rex pelivery (=xpress, Inc., G.R'. No . . lt-shoutd be done- in: good faith and with· due:·regwd~~) · 207838,~· Jan.uary _25, . '2017). The Jaw, · in .. Jo the ~ights· oftabor (Unicorn SafetY, G.lass, /nc:1Y:.,~J!~1 · protectlnq the rights-·of the laborer, authorizes · 'Beserte. 'GR.·No. 154689, Noliemb.er·25(2004).i,:,;•1(,f-\:i;) .. neither oppression norselt-destructlcn of the \.\::!~ .... ~ employer, While the constitution is 'committed to· · EXA~ PLES OF ~Af'(AGEMENT Rl~HTSY: · ~l /"; ·:~,, 11.T:.--~he poligx of social justice and the protection· of 1. ·:- Dis'cipline; . . ·. . , . - ', ~ c··l~'l:,.,\~;.W:.!:"th~~~.tkirn,g class, it should not.be supposed that Transfer Employees; J •• • ,.ref..-·. ~~~ry·la1?:9f aispute will b~ ·a~tornatically decide_d 3. .Impose: Productivity Standard; {,;--" · ir-!'favor;tdJ\ia~.or. Managem1;1nt a_lso has its own 4. ~rant .Bbnuse~;· ·. · ·: '>:,.-1.._ ((. . rigl=lts ~s· such, are ~r:ititled to respect and 5. ~h;3nge Working.Hours; . ;-~~J'.~~;:f·. ·.. ' ri .enfor~~rit~m ..the interest of sln:iple fail} play: ;· . . 6: lmpo.se Ruies on Mar.riager,a.iid.,...· · H · Out ~fitsY,con~emfor:' those with less privilege in .,. 7. Pos't-.Employment. Bao S~P"IJ!.ts:381)>·.~.\· lif.,:!(the Co.urt_has. inclined.more often ~.-.··. . . . . ; . ·. . , .. - ''(ti-:· the worker and 1.,1phelq · his DlSCl~LINE. . . ·. . · ·~\-..~. :#%?~~;,: ..A;{J '. ~ 1·j C?US~~eonflic_ts with '.h~ .etJ:iployer .. ~uch . The :nght or. preroga_ti.ve to d1sc1plin~cov1rr~ t~e. · .. il . · f<:1vorit1sm, however;.has not blin_d~d the Court to. [ folk>""!ng: (DDf P_I_)'. . · .. · \~ .. !~b~-ttile t~at justice .. i~.: ln.·ev~ry cas?, ·fo.r the · 1. · Right to ..Qrsc1phne; .. . ~!JJ'· · ·.J.:.,./!,,~~,>li.~es~rvmg, .to be d1sp~nsed·m the light. of Jhe · · .. '2. Right to .Qismiss;. .... •. , .. -~:ir' ·, · r.'<;.;F~..::.:.!;.~es-1ab~hed · facts·, and' applicable law.·:and · ,. ~.: Hight to.' dete.rajirie Who .tp ,eunish;\it ~ .'/ '( ' • . ·!~ case .~f·c;o~ffict!;i'.ar.i~in'g·.b~~e~il em.ployer's ( .. 1 .... ~!ght to· [?iscipl,irie:· . :· '·. , . . . : ./ . . .management prerogative :and · the em'pl9yees' . f. · G1v~s empl(?Y.ers ~the 'freedonf .to · regulate, 'right ·security tenure', the··. lattEir takes .. ~ccording :to:ttfe)r..discr~tion and b.est judgment, ~recederce. . '· . . alf.. ~.:$pects:· of .e·mployment,: :.. in.qluding.' .wbrk. assigqment, "'fOrkiog mefho.c;ls; prqcesses· to ,b,13. .. employer's manageme.nt _prerogative i(,IC[Udes .. .followed,·. working·.: regulations · transfer·· -e>f . the· right ~o termi,:i~te:the.sei:vice.s of.the employee; ·:: employees, wor~· supervision, ·1~y-'off Qf worki:irs:, but"'this maric!geme:nt J?r~rogativeJS' 'liJ"!liled by'the a.ncl· the' · .di'scipline; . dismi~$a·I and·: reqall ·· Labor .Code which provide~. ttiat'the .emplpyer._can workers.. -In · geh~ral, . rnanagen:,.ent_ : ~as. the . ._ ·. · · terminate an employee only a Jt,J~tcause or·wMn prerqgative to :cliscipl!ne. its E!IJ1Ptriyees and. ~o . . authorized by law: This lir:nitation is bec·ause no'less ·. ·fmpose·appfopriatE:rpenalties·on erring, workers· . · than the Co_nstitu'tjon recog·nizes. a.nd· guarant~es . ... .': pijrsuarit ,tq. .COfJ'lpahy,. ri;,les; and' .regul~tions. · :employee's right .to. s.e.curity. of' tenure (J,ABOR · .(Qele~. J,:. y. NLRG, ..G.R. No.)21348, .Ma:ch9,.. ·. ·cof)E, Art. 294;·CONST,Art. XIII, Sec.·3): . . ·
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. . ·.,· , · ·,·,3. ··Right to·.D.etermlne. Who:_to Puni~h.
- . The .1;1rnplciyet .can.not .be compell~d to 'reta!n an .. e~ployee Whose c·ontinuect· employment would.' be' patently inimical to its'interest (Reye.s,-Ra.ye/
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prescribed therein. This is dictated by logic, otherwise, the. rules, literally applied, would result in · absurdity; :grave offenses (e.g .• rape) wo'i.ild be penalized · by mere suspension, .thls,' despite the ·heavier- penalty provided therefor by the labor Code or. otherwise dictated by .-c.ommon sense (Stanford Microsystems,. Irie. v: 'NLRC; G.R. No.' L-741'87, Jam1ary 28,.. 1988):. .. · · ·
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Right .to · P.rescribe.. Company . Rules . and Regulations . · . . . . .The preroqatlve of-. an: empl9y~r to prescribe . reasonable rules and regulations necessary or ... proper· forfhe conduct" ·of its ". business 'and to· .provlde certain aiscipfinary measures in order to . implement 'said· rules and' to "assure that the . 'same wot.ii~ .. be complied .wit)l . has . been: . , recognized in·this-i1;1r:isd1~·tia~.,(si:tuke's M~dica! . Center, 'tno. . V, SfJr'lcti,ez, G:S. No. ·. 212054, .. Mar~h 11, 20~5)-."
or EMPLOYEES: It is a manaqement prerogative totranster or assiqn employees from' one office· or area of operation Jo ..another,' provided there is no.demotlon .in rank'. or .dimlnution of salary.ibeneflts, 'and 'ether privileges,. · · .. and the actlon is not motivated . by· dlscrirnutatton, 5:. . Right to. Impose..Penally . ·.. . .. .· . . , ·. made ~ in . : bad .. faith, or effected. · as·: a. form . of .. ··n1e:employer- may la\Nfully impose appropriate punisbment ot demotion without sufficient' cause. : . · penalties · on erring ·.w~rkers,. pursuant to its . Should the employer.fail to overcome this burden ·of · · · : ·. . · company rules ·and reg·u1ation.s. and· subject !.9.-:~--;;:.:P!90f,the employee's transfer .shall be tantamount · the "proportioneiityrule" (Pfril[ppine.Ai1iJl-e~fnc.1f ·t~ ~sJ_ru~tive_ dismjssal (Ph_arma'Cia. and .Upjohq, .· v. NLRG,·G:_R, No--11.578~, Augos_JA[?Oq~.;., · _fltJ.c[vt/'A7£5aY.._ff,_a;Jr., .G.R. No.· 1.!2724, August 23, TRANSFER
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. -Proportlorrality Rule·· · ·, f.(· '\),~~,,__.,= . · --~~~ :~<;,· .. : · · '. · . .· . Infractions committed by an ell}J::ldyef ,s/~~l~,,iner1t-"'~r-aa~~~~~nsiipovementfrom one positi.on to · .only'the corresp0I:Jding sa_ncti,lf)i)_Cg~TJf-fdef' by t~~ ·aP.Othe~_r, f eqy~v.~111i~/ank,.lever or salar}Y, without a ci~cum~tance~: Ttie penalty rr,i'u'st~~·;P..mi'n~.nsuraf~.. ':~teak in: he._~~,ryice..(G!ec~-Co/a $ottler_sPhilippines, . wit~ t~e. ~r.av1ty of the.. of(eAre,.th~.f.ct ... ~~-~~ct..or· ~t~,.;.lnc,v.. p I Villa\ @Jf?°JNp,1o3091;bctober 6, 2010). o.m1Ss1on .. 1mputed to the·~n;{p~~el!and·,~pos(;l,. '!1 !I : · \ ~\\ .'_ . , ' ... conn~ctii::>n'witt, the'~mp_loyf-:s:e:li$wplinary~autn'~'9'";:!I (t:z..,.he'-'prer.ogative:lt\J' tran)ter is, broad to inclu~e the· .. ·(Manila 'Memoria! P/;lrk Ce/p~J.w:tk!nc. v,:::'fanal1~~~(')flowin/.,;_E._r~rog.?tive!j Jihat involv:e ·m'ovement~ 9!°·· .G.R. No. 167118;· June 15, ~60~)-.: ~ · (Ji\ , '. :;::1--·~ r,ersonr,r,1:;,.wPo, J ·~roga'ti.ve-::-.;'to .·:Reorganize; (Tinio- .v. · . .-Note: Th~ rriatt~r of imp~fiJ~J f~e. ·a~~~~iat · /,1,'_,4!}.y disc.rit11lriatlon ..9r made ir:, ·,baq:faith.or · cc;>r-1tinua .iii e,riP.loyme.nt a. P.er~on who~e·.1ack of effecteq as._a· form·;of punishment .. or :dem.otion. ·rnorals, l'e$pe.ct,~nd·1oyalty. to' hi~ ~mployer, rega_rd. · · . without s·ufflci~nka.u~e·(Ph~rtnacTct.?uJcfUpjohn;· 1nc. for hi~ err)ploy_ei:'~· r~les, .. 'and,appteciation of the. .v. Albayda,.Jr., G.R.-No. 172.724,.August 23, 2010). dignity 'and responsibility of his office, ha~..so. p!ainly . . . : .. .. . - ·. . ·and· completely been ·barred. C.ornpany r.ules. ar.id · ·ComnJiti"r)ent · made ·:by the ·employee · iA · the· r-e'gu)atiQOS'Ca'nnot Qperate to altqgeth~i""negate _th~ ·. employment co,ntract to.be··re-.assigned anywhere in · employer's prerogative · and' responsibility to . the Phjlippines is binding on him (Pharmacia and' d~termine and· .declare ·whether or ·not facts not . Upjotin1. fnc. v.· (',lbayda,. Jr., G.R: No.. '172,724,. ~xplic.itly set' out \ri tt:ie rules' ml:iy·_and;:_do c9nstitl,Jte . August 23, 2010). · such 'serious miscondi,Jct as:-to.justify the dismis~I·. of· _the employee ·or the ··rmP,ositio.n of sanctions· . :heavier· 'lhan .-those s~e'Ciflc'ally :and. expressly· ..
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Some Instances Where Refusal to Transfer Is :valid .. .: 1.· Refusal to transfer to overseas assignment; (Allied B.anking Corporation vs. CA, G. R. No. · ·144412, November 18; 2003); and· 2. Refusal to .. transfer consequent .fo promotion . (Dosch v, NL'RC; G.R. No. L-51182 - Juiy 5,
Prerogative to.Demote Demotion involves a situation where an employee . is . reregated to a subordinate . or less. important position constltutinq a 'reduction to a lower' grade or rank with a corresponding 'decrease in duties and· .responslblntles 'and . us1,1ally .- accompanied by '. a
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2. Transfer.from a highly technical position to' one r_equiring mechanical work; and ·3. Chang_~ ii') workplace (ex: 'trenster from· the
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Preroqatlvs -to Promote . . . · . . . . ·. ~.:;:.). · Promotion- 1S' the advancement from one pos1t109~t6':..:,:,lt . . . ·· , another . -involving> increase · in '. duties /anc(/~''\, Instances of V~l!cl Demotion: responsibi!iiie_s as a~thorized. by l_aw)in~. usy~ur:.: :~;'.~ · 1. · Fai!l!~e to obS'?JV~ proper ~_iligence in his work accompanied by anincrease. in. ·?or:ipensc1t1on 'a~~11 .. ,,./_,,.,.:-:i~nd ·!n~~i;re~ h~b1t~al _tar?mess and absence~ benefits .(Coca-Cola Bottlers Pht/Jppme.s. ln<;,:r:yf.'Df!l" ~,.;.;.d:.,,:_..,~t!?t).~tfple.n.~.ein. his assigned work_ (Petroph1I
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lmplemenfation c5f a °)pb evaluatioi) ·program or a reorganization is, valid for c:!:s long_~$· ii is _notconfrary. to . law, · morals or .. public.· policy. (Hongkong and Shanghai B~nkin'g CCorporation Employees .Union v. ·rvLRC, G.R. No:• 125038, NovelJ')ber 6, 1997)and it. is carried out in go"od faith (SCA Hygiene Product::;, .Qorp, Employees P.,ssoc.-FFW_ 'v. SCA Hygiene Pr9ducts Corp., G,.R. No. 182877, Aug'!st 9, 2010).
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Prci~;19g.,:;~~?tes<./~. ::~ . seal~_ asC~Qt);Of '\1.t\ .'. u! . "-.... ·~*~"~,;,:,.,:,,' · · ·, . · . office· ·.r;~~i:D-~!oyeelq •. _.: !.'.,J The. en,,plo~fias the. p.rerqga!1ve to prescribe the anoth~e·r,r.ie.siit'ion·-~+.. ·,gher" .. ~;/ sJanda.rds. of product1_v1ty wh.1ch the employees . . ,~, . 'fil' "· . , ., b Id I'· -Th · d r ·t r d d b either.in r~nk or saJary ·. - r~:~·~'-if.·,·.?P campy ... e pro. uc 1v1 Y s an ar s may e . . _1')_'::..-f;.:::. A~'':\ usethbyJheemploy.er as: . . . · . . . .. . . .J{·.y · . ,,(?:.,,.~.f.'.!:$~1i!lif'l'A'.i:jf-i~htiv·e scheme· and/or·. .. .. . . .,,. /'' ~ · ·· · • · · : . . ·. A··qi_sciplinaiy~cheme.(CHAN. supra-at390) ..
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Right R~fuse ..~romoti.on . . . . There ··is AQ. law which compels :an employee to ·. accep~ a ·pr9motion. pror.notion is in '•the nature of a· gift or: reward .. Any per.s.ori nii:,1y refuse.to accept a gift . _: or reward. Such refusal to promoted _is a 'valid' . ex,ercis'l;l· of -such right. 81_1~. he cannot 'be. punished. tt,er,efor (Erasm.o \v. f-fome · fnsuran-ce :&, Guaranty , Corporation, G.B_. No.;13945,1, 2002). ' . . . . ......::... . August.29, . ..
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the p~oductiYity,standards or-quota ate'usually. given '.·' additional.benefits.(ld.)... · · · As · a disciplinary schEime; employe°es may be. . : . sa·nctioned' or dismissed for failure to meet the .· productivity standar,ps or.:quq.ta (Id.).. · . Note: In ·appropriate cases;, the DOLE i.rit_ervenes, · mo,tu proprio ot upon the_ friiti.atlve .of any interested · partY., :to ·_establish. productivity standa~ds (CHl!,N, - · · supra··at 392)-. ·
Not~: An ·employee cannot he .pio.~oted, eve,n ·ir· . ··. .. . . merely ~s.a result of transfer; without his.consent.. · A. transfer that result~- in .prorriqtjon or demotion, . . : ·. : ~tanaard Outp~t Rates O"r Piece Rates . advancement or reduclio'n or a transfer that aims·to . The standard _output . rates or piece. rates sl)aU be lure the employee away.from .his permanen~ position'. determined through any of _the following procedures: cannot. be· done -:with9ut his consent (PH Telegraph . .1. Time and-motion studies; . . &.: Telephone Co_rp. · .v. QA, _G.R No. 152057, 2-.· · An individual/collective agreement between the Septe_rry.ber29, 2003)_. . ei:nployer · and its worker$. as approved hy the DOLE Secretary. or· his ·.. authorized ·representative~· or
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. Note: The. employer shall basically prescribe the output rates in work paid by results. He. may prescribe it himself or secure first the prior approval of the DOLE (Id.).. .
3. Consultation wjtl:i representatives pf employers'. and· workers' orqanizations , in a ..tripartite conference called by the DOLE. Secre,tary(Id.). Time and Motion .Studies The: time and' motion study. is the more scientific and preferred method.The basis for the establishment of rates for 'plece, output or' contract. work· is· -the performance of an ordinary worker of minimum skill ability (/RR of the Labor Code, Book Ill, Rule VII-· A, Section.5(b)). . . '
If the. output rates are prescribed solely by the employer and the. same do not conforrn with. the
standards prescribed-under the lmplementinq rules, .or ' with· the rates· prescribed by the DOLE in · an·
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dlfference+between 'the -amcuntwhlctr they. are entitled to. 'receive under such prescribed standards · An ordlnary worker of. minlrnum' sk'ii1.or atii.litY. is the . or rates 'and that actually paid . to them · by t('le · · averaqe worker :ot,; the towest' producing, group . ~mpl~}_'er flRR of the Lebor Code, Book' l~f,. Rul_e VII-, · representing. 50.%.,c;>f tr.i.e total number 'of employees -~· Sec. 5(d)): . · . . enqaqed in 'sirtiilar employment in .a· ··particul;u . ' . establishment, excludinq learners, .apprentices .andMoreover,. if ..by multiplying the rate. per. pleee as handicapped workers employed therein (/RR of the determined by the employer-without the.app~ov~I ?f . l.ebor Code Book III Rule.Vll:A· Sec. -S(c)). . -=--- t~e DOLE and the actual output of th~: vyorke~ paid • ' • ' '. r , . • ,.;,-r-::="'~-. --. --:py,,r.e.~w_ts,the amount a,r:rlvep at conforms .wrth or In the .case of homeworkers, .th~ ti~epa_i{a'rj!otion l~rfee,f}s~.f.'Q~.sta1_ytc:i_ry minimu_m wag~, (hen sue~ .studles should be undertakerrby the l:JO.l"l='JR~giori,...a.1:r-:~~r~~r .sb"o~r~ece_1ve such higher a~.~unt... But 1f .: Ottis~ having jurisdiction _ovel\ t~~t!PO _ef?·~the · · afte~'-~~';!CJ:r90l\'-ij.4!~tron, ~h~.-~mount arrived a_t 1~_ress · premises , !JSed. r-egular.ly by ~e, ~OP,l/~i:Js.~r/~"4:~~Jt_ 11'1~·-~~t~Nt~~ mm~rnu~ wage,_. then, t_he :However! where the job operay1:>~j~f'l~ity;.isbeir.i~· ."'1f' J,rnployr· 0~1-~,.\P€l~ ~he drffer~nc~. ~n -ord,er _to likewise performed. by regularlactor~~ork!r~at ttle ~!~. ~Isure ?\(he statutory_ m1n1mum wage f~ct?ry or prem_ises of the {r\,~-~?Y~·._the·.~-~e_ahd,..1:.:~ (CHAN~~~-ra\~~J:'i . . motr~>n stu_dtes sho_~ld be .. c~.~]_1,1.~tEi,oby_ t!Je ~O~,.:.9j~NT .i30NU~ '\="A)~ .·. · ... . . Reg1or;icil _Q!fl~e havr~g Juns~1~tJer;iJ:,ver·thEi loc~~C_ilt"J.!gr,Y.s an a~1c;i.u~t_:g~ar'ltedar.id p~id ex gra,tia to : o~ the marn un_derta~mg or .bp~ps~_.oft~e ~~plox.er~tf):e_ emy o:y~e. · 1w!; anj~c~ of. gE:nerosity-_grented by ,.· P1~c~ rates .estabhs~ed -tfl~o.crgb1Wn~\~~~i.:t-e.n~g ~eF. ed)":.l!lPJ~f" r. to spur the emp!pyee ·to· ·. s,t~dres_con.ducted at.the foct0~0l\ITT~!0Wj~~~m~~J·l·~r,i;~ei,~: rts f.of1ff~ uccess of the b\Jsiness ai:id of th~ . efr!player. s~all . ~- ..a~p~~abt~.9}.Jhia ~-t~i~WiiJi~ of ~igger,~tofits·:(Pr9ducersBa'nk of the . ~0mework~r~ perform1119 the \ame_;JO a~.tl~9V~b_..E?.t..5.I. · ·. ,P)..!}jp'lj)f1e.s Yj NLRC/G.R, Nq: 100701, March· 28, s.tan~a_l'.d.:p1ece·raJe sh~ll.!).e 1isu"':?· ~,_the,90~...,,.~ .2~·0},., .. / j · . .· . · ,, · . . Regiona! Offic;~ ~1thin 1_ month',~ter a.re-q_~~e.sUf~~ffi"\l:'>- ·./< · , .u ·. . .· ·. ·- . . .bee~. m~~.e a_t s_a_1d office. L!pon ·r-eq~e~_t09n1:t:~.._qL.:ir. ,-_ . ..--_.,..~n'!]e.rti'ag_~61eand Enforceab!e . ·. · , . R~gronal C?ff•c_e, t~e Bure.au of w_~r'Rw.1~d1t19~-=-~qp,vtt\staJdjJ1g. the tac~ that ;a ~onus. does not fom:i , (BWC) s~all P(Ov1de ass1s,~nce m tl)e,;.~~rd.~d of , A Ji. fptf"<>!~-.f.wageor· salary of tne employees·, it _;,u~h ~tud.1es (/RR ,of t}Je Lap9r C~~e;- .SookNt~~~Y£~t.Y!£.~.&~fl'jes oem.afldable and enfo.rqeabl_ew:iderany of Vfl-A, Se_c. 7) ·. · . ·-.. · · · , · . { · .· . ,. :the. followin~ circui::nstances: · . .. · . · :·. · · · · ' . · · 1. When Jt'i.s.slip_µ t~ted in 'an e111ployrhen~ contract . Ali~we:d Time . . . . · .. . or CJ3A {CHA/Ysupra at 39.5);_.· ·. . : . , · .· In· inc~ntlve \"{;:ige. system;'-.tqe nµ_mber 9f-.mim1tes·· . • 2. When the grant.of bonus 1s ·a company p9licy or · ~l)owed for.tool carE!, personal·.needs and:fatigue, ·is·--:. practic·e. (Mai-cos v.. t:J.LRC,. G.R: No. 1.11714 •. · added t.o operating time in'.e~_tablishingj9~standa~ds ·. Sepfember-8; 1995); · ·. .. • · or. ''task" as a Qasis for determining p·iece. r~tes ·or ;. ·. 3. Wh0·n. ·· it ·. is· · gra.nt.ed . as ·. a.n ~ additiorfal ·. incentive·bonus:(CHAN,.supra _a~ 393) .. · , .. cqmpen.sation whictr. the· emplc;:iyer. agreed ·to. . , · give· w_ith9ut any. condition .(Atok ·Big .W~dge · · · · Bai;.e Rate · . , Mining Co. v.. Atok Big Wedge Mutual.Benefit' I~.· incentive· ·wa9e . .system,·. the,. r.a~~· for_ -the Association, G.R:No.. L-5275, .Marc!J·3, 1f}q3). ,• - • I, • • • established task or job standard' production is. called · .. Note: Whe.riconsidered as part ofthe compensation. ~'base·. rat~'." The base rate .,u's'ually .·_repres~nt.s,th.e . . ,.: and; therefore, demand~ble ·.and enforceaple,' the_ 100% · basis for measuring ,the ince.ntive bonus·. It is .used',to··'desc;rib:e the regular .rate for· time· : am.ount·'is-u.?.ually fi.X$d. · But if. the. amol!nt 'bf bonus . ·· is depen.dent upon the reaiization of profits, \he . worked·which . .Js·t~e est;:iblishe~ 113te per .hour for t_he . bonus· Is not deniandabl_e:and er\for:c:eabre(Protacio assigned.job, expl.usive of extras re~ultlng fro.n:i merit. · · · y. L~ya Mananghaya &' Co., G.R. No. 168654, March or. ser:vice increflse or .overtlmE!, ~rt1o'ng_pthers (Id,).·
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The Bona Fide Occupational· Qualification Rule : · ·onc:;e. · .an · employee · is · found. : guilty of· an· (Bt=OQ) and its pertinent provistons under 'the :: administrative charqe.: he shall' forfeit his: bonus in Labor Code · · . favor of the employer (CHAN, -supra at 395). · BFOQ means that employment in particular jobs ~{ · . . - . . . . . · · may. not be limited to 'peraofis of a particular sex, it> CHANG~ OF WORKING.HOURS religion, or national origin unless the employer can :{ ··Employer~ have· the' freedom and preroqative;. show that.sex, religion, or national oriqlnisan actual ~- ·aceording 'to their discretion 'and best judgment, to qualification for' performing the job (Yrasuegu( v. · ( _regulate and control t.he time when-workers should PAL; G.R. No. 168081; October 17,.2008)... · · ;,,. report for Work and perform their· respective . , functlons .(PAL v, NLRC, :GR No. 115785, August Prohibited-Acts i'· 4; 2000).. . . . . It shall be -uni.awful for an employer .to any ·of the ~ · foJlowing_acts: · . . · ,~ RULES 'QN MARRiAc;;E; BETWE.~NE'M PLOYEES · 1. To' deny any_ woman employee .the benefits · OR, G9Ml?ET!TORJ;MPLOY~E$ . · . provided for in this Chapter or to diseharqe an}'
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1. _Starting a .slrnllar buslness; wofession or trade; . or ·. . · ·· 2. Working in an. entity that is engaged in. ·a 'similar . business that might competewith the ernployer-. -~). . . . Legal · Basis for the Non-Compete or .Non,lnvolvement. Clause . . . . · Art, 1306 of the Civil Code provides-that parties to a· . contract- may establish such stlpulatlons, clauses,· terms and conditions as they may deem. convenient, . provided theyare not contrary to law, morals; ·good . . customs, public order, orpubljc policy (CiVIL CODE,
Co.nfi~ential1ty .and Non-Dlsctosure Clause '. The confidentiality and · non-disclosure clause reflects the commitment. of 'the employee that he . shall not, either during the ·period of his empioyment · 'with the employer-or at any time thereafter, use or . . disclose to a!ly person, .firm ~r corporation !')ny . information' concerning _the business or. affairs of his· employment; for his own benefit or-to the detriment .. . ofthe employer (CHAI'{, s1,1pra_at 404). . . ';
Noh,-Solicitatiori Clause ·. To protect the legitimate business interests of the employer, including· its business relatlonshlps, "the Art. 1306). . . . . employee -under : tnts .. clause,'. may, directly or ' . indirectly. be -prohfblted . from- soliciting or · Article 1159 of thejsame .Code also provides .that approachlnq, or accept ·any business. from any' obligations arising from contracts have the force of. . personor entity whoshalt.at any time within a fixed · law between- the eontractinq parties and should be 'period precedlnqthe termination ofNs employment; complied with iri good faith. Courts cannot s~ipul_?J2..,.-..:.--=--=~~~ebee_n:- · , · . .- · . . - for the parties nor amend 'their agreement ;;v.J:lere"the y T J)\~"-'cli_ent,talent, producer, desiqner, pro_grammer, same does not· contravene law, .rqprals, !~ood (_; .'\{distri~qr. merchandiser, or· advertiser of the custo_m_s. public order or_p~b.lic pol,i,91,~r't<;>};l~J?.!b'"""'=-=r.~~~-CJ>mt~ri.y;\~ .: . . . . · would be to alter the real intent .,9~i?n in an employment"i$~nt~"'}.-wljrclfxa;,;~e<J_nj~rf~~~l'itn dr 9n behalf of.any other person .- ~equjtes _-th~ paym_1:m~- by_ the- employ~~f..A~m.e__ · M· · l.ffC1r._Aif.J~§JJP:aat "405): .· . · _amount of mon·ey to h1s·former er:nployer ·!n~er4!r to .. . ,-,:_.,.-,,.~ ·.-. · ·. . . ··. · . . · .engage in competitive employm~nt-or activities.,afffi'f=-.•"'4n've_ntipnsA~s1gl"!ment Cla.use (l11tellectual termination of his em·ployment. ThisJs also kno.wn as ·· Prqp·ei::tyClaul,e) . .. . . · . .. . . a. '.'clawbac::k'.'-provisio_n' (Id.).'. ·~ · Irr industries engaged .ir-.-re.search c:1nd 'dev~lopment · · ·-- · · ·. · ·· . and related. activities; .. t_his .cl9us~ · i'Elqi,ilres. the . Garden-Leave-Clause ' ·. .. . · employee·; ·within a .certain period; '.to disclose:-in · It ·is a :variant of the n'oii-compete agreement. Under confidence to 'the employer and its subsjpiaries aiid · --. -this p'~ovision, ·an: er:nployee.who -has 'left his _wqrk .. · t;· assign·· ·a11 ·i.nventions,. •ir:nprevemeiits/ desigt-is~ either. by reason of termination or resign"c;1tion is . _: ·original. wqrkif ·ot authorship; formulas,: .processes, bound to stay at home .o~· in. ~is. "garderl' during· the ·. . ~on:ir:fos\tiqhs .. of mai_ter', . computer . software' garden-leave period .at whiGh time; he cori.t[nue~ to' .. . programs,. _ _- dat;:ibas.~s. m·ask .. -..ycirks and trade receive all his sa'iaries and benefits but is·proiiibited. .. . '.secrets,' whether o.r not patentable·. copyrightable .ot from commencing employment with new e~ployers . - pro.tectible . as. trade . s_ecrejs_. (coll~di,vely; ..the until · this -period .:has elapsed. He thus rl:lrriains : "Inventions"); which the employee m·ay solely ·or . . · . s(!bjec~ to a.IL the strictures pf his· forn,e_r employer as 'jointly conceiv~ or dl:lvelop· or reduce. to pra:ctice, or .· . if he-is.still urider employrnentwitt-1 the latter. · cause .to tie'.conc~i'.-ed de:,,eloped ·or reduced to . · · · · ptactJce, during .. the pE!riod of' his employi:nent with .. The· term "garden lec,1iie'; is based .. on . the· old~ ·the employer (Id.) ... · fashioned: and ,;1ttractive idea that the employee will be· paid his salarie$ and benefits while he tends to his "garden" at home _(Id.). .
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FLOW OF DISCUSSION I. Voluntary Modes of Dispute Resolution . , A. . G~ievance .. M~chinery and . Voluntary· Arbitration · B. Single Entry Approach (SEnA) II. Labor Arbiter (LA) ·111. National Labor and. Relations Commission (NLRC) . . . . IV. 2011 NLRC Rules of Procedure V. Bureau of.LaborRelaticns VI. Department bf Labor andEmployment · · A: Regional Oirector . . B. Secretary.of Labor and Employment · .. VII. Judicial Review of Labor Rulings .... A. Court of Appeals B. Supreme C.ourt Viii. Prescription of Offenses
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Determine Existence of. Er-Ee Relationship: (LDMS) 1:· .babor Arbiters and NLRC (LABOR CODE, Art 217); _ · . 2. · QOLE Secretary arid DOL.~ Regional Director; · Note: Ttie.determin!3tion by the DOLE Secretary . and the DOLE Regional · Director · of the existence of the Er-Ee relationship in the exercise of their visitorial and enforcement power under Art. 128.(b) otthe Labor Code is to the. exclusion cit the LA and the NLRC (People's Br9~.dcastin_qService (f3omb.oRadyo PHL,:fnc.) . v. Secreteryoi DpLE, G.f.?. No. 1]9652, Merer: _6, w12J. ·. · ·
Me.d-Arbiter · (M. Y. StJir Biscuits, Inc.. v, Lagtlesma, G.R. No. 95011, April 22, 1991);.and 4 ... .§o-cial Security Commission . (Republic v. Asiepro .· Cooperative, G.R. ·No. 172101,
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juR~~DiCTI~N A,~D RE~~D·~Ji1~/~~~.
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• · .. . . · · _ . . . _ · 1;~:i/t\1,\1.;4 Labor ArQiters, May Exerc1.se Juti~diction In the Existence of Employer-Employee .(Erleey.-.,1~~,d Abs~hce of.an Er~Ee Relatlonshlp Relationship .· . . .- . . ·. ', _· ;,_V !>: '\f.,J[r:FA7'"SeaJ~rer,,f:?thq has. already. signed. a POEAThe_ exi~!ence.. of !=r~EEf relationship ben,yi-ef"if!!"ti{~:)'r,..-·-appi:0.>J.~13~ployment.contract - but·: was not part1es~,11t1ga~ts, .o~.a ~eas~r,~bl~ ~au~,~~c[n~~ct1o)J"\.}j depJ?yed ?v19~~.~a~.an~; therefore, the~~ 1.s r= l;r-~e to such retationshlp, IS-a JUrtSdJCftoncff.~flf/lSJ(e tgr_>:::..-'lj . relabonsht~?~~ filehis mo~et_ar~ C!a.JmS case with the exercise of jurisdiction ov:e.r: a 1.~~9l ~!~R-1J:te By· the.~~: TIJ)s !f ~~cau~~ the ,iunsdictior:i.of !~e ~ is the _1:.A or· any. other labor ttib\Jftats '(G:"fj!fN17 BaJ_ · not lim,te/t? .~rau~_sans~r:ig fror;n. Er-Ee rela_t1?nsh,1p~ .' Reylewer O? Lab.or Law_ (2017.)f:P.;.j 64:J}'[fbreinafte"A:, .J-.r{ . Under .~rct.10~·1.0 qf R.~. ~~-. 8.042, as am~nd~d. the CHAN, Reviewer]. . . \•~;;;~ «-:=~Jv-}i:.. ~- .: . 1·!'1 LA r.Jt~¥~'i,,e,'.i~~G~s~t!}!;!psd1ct1on .over. ~he c~a1tns of . . , . · ,, · . -;;.,,....,,;•( .-:)•\ r;!'1. OFWs~q,r~~mg~ol.tt;;.ot an. Er-Ee: relat1onsh1p or by .Reasonable Cal!sal Connectiohi'~u~?_yt~t · .vi~ue· of~nt"i~w _or· contract in.vtjlvjng· filipino: Unde~ .the , reasonable·.'causal. co'f.l~tion,)l.ule • ..-fit: .. ~prket~ for overseas deployment, ind(lding claims the:re ,s· a reasonable causal ~orin.e~tio,l~§Ji.¢en the _ :1,:~:~tcm:~3Wal, mo~ar.•. exemplary, and other ·.f<;>rlTI. .of Clc!tm ?iSserted and the .Er£e relat1on~·1:i_1p,·then,tb,erE~~;.~;:im,f}W..E§anlt~Q.O v.. CF SharpCrew Management, case is wit-hin the juri'sdiction oflabor~ourts.;;ip.)tie · lnc.,-G.R:No .. 16241{}, July 10, 20Q"1). · . absence. of suet,- nexus, .it is the rwul$lr~Q!Jfttthaf. . .La~~r Arbiteq, Jµrisdiction .. ov·er.~laims Filec(by. · have jurisdiction (PH Airlfnes, lri.c., ·v.. AiffJn·~<:Pilots o~~~ - . .· . Association·of. the Philippfne~ ·G.R... No,' -200088; . Labor· Arbiters have }urisdiction over any and all February 2_6, 2018).· . . . . '~ . . disputes or. corittoversies.arising out of or by virtue: of Jhe contract, even if·the:case is ·filed by the_heli's
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EXECUTIVE'COMMIT.fEE. SUBJEGTCOM,MITTEE' MEMBERs'· ' ADVISERS. MARY CYRIEi.r,' C SUMANQUJ KRISTIN/I. . I;>.· CABUGAO JOHN ·BENEDICT M_RIVERA, :· ATTY. . JOYRICH . M.'. Over:a/J Chairperson, · Eru.C.i\ . ·SubJ,ct Chair, ViC,TOR ~NNER -RAJEEN JILLIAN D. B~CA,. . GOLAN~O. Atty. MARiON j: MAE C. VIST/\ "Chalrperso'n for S. · G.AtANG Assista,:it Subject · CHRJSTIAN. MARIE LYNN P. MA.NUEL and 'A"fTY. PETER- ',Acqdemics, .. BEN_· - JIB( ·. E:.. Chair, ·Mis~ :\l· QCCIANO· .. SOUS, JOANNA PATRJCIA.·R. JOEY.B .. USITA . . BARBERO Chairperson:for I:Iotel Subject . Electronic . Data PADIUD, SIJ,PH:ANIE·-NICOLE Operations, JHE[SEA LOtJ!SE B. Processing; . NATHANAEL A... M. II.AC.AP, and ANN' MARY'· :OIMAANO Vici Chaitperson for Q{,TfJANO!,abor ..Stdndards; BE/I.. MICHELLE B. RU.ALO ·. - . Secre'tariat, EARL JUSTIN' M. . PATRICIAG.I'.>ANGAZOL
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sAN BWA LAW CENTRALIZEDBAR OPERAT/ONS - M~MORY.AJO2'(?19.
. of the· ·OFW becaus·e, as heirs, they have the personality to file for death compensation· (Me,dline
Labor Relations Disputes: (TRO-BC) a. Employment ·Ienure disputes (e.g., nonreqularization o( employees, illeg91 · Managerrie[lt, · inc. v:· Roslinda, G.R. No .. 168715; termination, non-issuance of. employment Septem.l)er·15, .2010). contract); . · Labor Disputes. art! NOT .Subject to Barangay b. Representation : disputes · (e.q., Concltlatlon' · · . ·· . determination of the collective l;>i;irgaihing. · Labdr 'casestare . not· subject to the -conciliation unit, l.JLP, .. ,strike, uncertainty · .as to proceedings. prescribed under-. P.o: No. 1508 determmatlon -of "the 'soter and .exclusive requiring . tbe 'suomlssion" of . disputes. before the bargaining. agent of-.'the employees fri an Barangay.Lupo,:,g Tf,lgapayapa 'pt,lor" to thetr filing. . . appropriate tiargairiing unit which is the with the. court of other governinerit offices because .1t majority untonj..: ' . : . . . would only. dupllcate th'~:. conentauon proceedings C, Qrga.nizatiohal 'right dispute/unfair labor . and undulydelay the disposltlon of tabor cases. It is prac~ice··{l)LP). (e.q., coercion, restraint ·or ·, the Bureau 'and its _d).visioris which are Vested with jnterfererioe In unloqlzation' efforts, reprisal ·· original . and .. exclusive [urisdlctlon .. to· conduct . · or.idlscrirninatleri 'due -to union· activities, . conclliatlon · a.nd medlatlori · proce.ed_ihgs on. tabor . company unionism);· · · · · ·· · controversies- 'before its adjudicatlon · (Montoya. v. d. .!;!ai'gainifig disputes (e.g-.; refusal to' !;iargain Escay.d, G.R: Nos.'82211~12, .March 21; 1989).· '~"';.,;.==<:,;, . (l:JL.P); bargaining deadlock, economic N. """°.z,,.~strikeor lockout): and '. · . .. : · La.bar Dispute includes anicontrov~r~~cfr·~er !l . ~~.,?~l?'ht._fact admini~trati0n orpersonnst policy . ·conceming;: .·. .' .. · . . . di'SQ\:l,le\\·.(~.g., noncompliance .IA!it/:l. CBA 1. Terms. o~ conditions of ~mpl~}'f9t'1t~f~/~·.:;_. · · · . ~.,j"~~b~\ (U.LP· if g_r
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' Test or:~riteria o.f L~bo.r. D1~9yt.~1\\ ·. \~~, :~.·,,· :· ~~ Ii.~~·. . . . · • 1. · .As to. Nature~ Whether~a...M1spqfe ar~~-Qtri~ ff,&~~~~fa,uoin,. If ·. · · ·. · . . . ~mployer-ei:hplo.y.ee: . ret@tionshlf?., ~!Wo t{= ~ ~~j!~~p,1al_A 10.n;, · / ·· · . . . ·· ,:. . ..· · .-. · -.... · dispu.t~nt~he·ed n?t · be. prci~Jl'!iatel~ei:nJ:)1~=~,e"·~""" .4""1~!r151tra~,. :'· ()"olu,!3~~'Y; o'. C~mpu~.sory);. . . or "~mpJoyer". of the other. "' . ~.-~~.··. S~l_ . rt.:r:,t4s~~W,~tlon··:ofj~fllidrct1~n, · · . 2.-' As .to su.bject-i:natter::Whetf:\_~r 1t' .in,.l'..,Q!ves. )i'~_l..8\:~~"P~~.h;>~ ... /'. · · · , · , .· . con~erns t~r.ms,. co.nditions · of .e'qi.pk?YQ;(~~i:S;~-..,,~9,··:~~{'G•hJ{i19));· · , . . '. ... : .. .· repr~sent~t1.on (2 AZU(!EN~, Th~"t!.'fl.fp(f!R.de 1, 4,1\,0\~~~~1se f.gr,eement.,.. ·:with Comments and Cases.'(211'16), at.f!~ 1VIu:11;.:>:s.~mficat1onto ~!.;l:~C; . . _ :.·. · · · . . .. . · . . · · · · . . ·. ·. · .. -=.:=::;;:::t-r.'Enforcemenfor £ompliance Ord~r: , . . . Note:·.~ven the. qi:ie~tiqn.'of e.mplc:iy.er-empfoyee: ... : 13_, ~eit!fi~tion.of :~a_rgaining."(2AZUc;JEN~; ·s~pra / . ·relationship can-be ~nsidered a'~labor dtsplit~.H ' • • , at. 27- 24).· • , • , : .'. ' ' • ··.- : . . . ' It ls.:·within.)h~ jurisdiction or' NLR.C,':n.ot".the' -.,. '\. .......... , ·regular courts· (San .M/gU'e/ ·Cqrp:. Emp,Joye.(!s ' · . · Uhion-PT~WO. v... Bersi}mira, .G,R. Nb: "87700, . · June .1 S,.'1 f)!)O).
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Typ~~ of Labor Dis~ti°tes .:
GRIEVANCE MACH:fNiRY AND. . ·VOLUNJ'ARY ARBITRA:TIO.~· .......
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. , .. . a. WorRirig conditions·. (~.g;, unrectified work . h~ards); · · , · :· . · ·. · . b. . .!;!en'efits (e.g., nonpayment of holiday p~y. .overtime p~y ·or ott:ier beriefits);,and. . c. ~o'rr1perisatfon. (~:g,, . underpayment· .. of. ·n,\n[ml,lm. Wage, .stringent. OL!tpul. qu9ta, illegal pay deductions)'(2 AZUCENA,; supta . ·
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·.. 1: -:Labpr Standards Dfsput~s:.{WBC),.
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ARTICLE. 273: GRIEVANCE. MACHINERY. AND .
VOLUNTARY AR.E~iTR.ATlbN
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· Constitutional· Basis · · · . The provision!> in. ·tlie L~bor Code on .~rievam~e .' rnachJnery,,vqluntary arbitration and other modes of . dis.pute settlement· have· a ·strong .constitutional· ··,basis.·. ·
186 1 • 2019 SAN BEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS
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. . . The State is mandated lo "promote .the principle of {\,hared · responsibility betw~er.i workers . anq · l.1:- employers and the preferential use· of voluntary ::>modes in· setUiJig disputes, "including conciliation, . +_·and shall enforce their mu~u_;:iJ compliance therewith .f,:"' to fostet industrial peace". {C.ONST.Art. XIII, Seq. 3) ..
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. arbitration as the terminal· step. The g~ievance procedure provides . the· parties a first crack in add.ressing problems· in,the CBA i;ldn:iinistration and its use is. ar:i essential requisite before a voluntary arbitrator. 9an .take cognizance cif the unresolved grievance. It u~ually con~ists of a multi-step procedure· st~rting: from or· discussion 'of the ~:: ·This 91.Jarantee. In .·t.tie. Constituti~n -i~ in ad~ition to: .. · . . grievance betweei) .the employee and/or the Union ·steward . on fhe one-hand an"d the foreman and . ·:. 'the mandate that "the State shall. afford. full t.:· protection to; labor, local and overseas, orqanized . . sup~Nisor -on .the other h.and; and. ending with the highest."d~cision-making·_ officials of the ·company, ~'- 'and unorganized, and. promote "full employment and · · ·r equality of employment . opportunities . for .al!" . reflectihg the hierarchy of.command or respon"sibility (CON$T. Ari: ~Ill, Sec-B}, . .. . . .. · (f,/CMB -Pdmer on. ···Grievance Settlement -and ~- . . .· . · :. Volur'ltary'Arbitration).· · · ., · · · ?_ :fhe. Labor C~e is clear that "it ls .the policy ~f:the°_ ( · State to promote and. emphasize. the primacy of free · . Nature of Grievanc~ Procedure collective l?argaining · and negotiations, · _i_ncludin_g . · It ls a "must" provisioritri aQy·_CBAand no agreement ,'$- · voluntary .arbitratlon, rnediatlon and conciliation, · as . carrbe _registered in the absence of such procedure; {,, modes of settling 'labor or industrfal disputes. ll is. in other words, it is .rnandatory (NCMB Primer on J .. likewise the polloy .of the State to' provide adequate <"....._ . · Grievance Settlementand VoluntaryArbitration): · · -:_;,'.: administrative . machlnery for" ·. the expeditioi:J(>:~:i·. . . . ... . . ·. . . . . . . /; .. settlement of labor· or industrial disputes" :(LAB~,F,t\,:~:.\ Note: ·. Waiver of grievance machinery procedure ::,- 9.0D_P,Art. 218). · ·. · . . ... (';,... '" ~-,:;-_~{ does. not.arnount to a· relinquishment of employee's ,J . : · . ·. · ·· · . · \l /:;.~; ~.,v.;.·_r.,tjQhlto av,.ail of voruntary arbitration (Ap_a/isok v. \ · _S~bject M_atter : · · . .. ·. .,..,~ G1'.:J;~.'!: _. ...&.i!!.._b·f.?!fl.~!JP,.twork RedloStetion, GR. No. 1'38<]94, The followinq.are _cases ~h,c_h._mu.~t bej,1.~,µ0seq- of~· 1J . May 2_g:;,20e;a~: . , · . ,:. by the Labor .Arbiter by· referring the·1}ame to the c......: ;~: wtevance machinery .an_d "voluritary a?tNr.~tfon:. J;i:'","'"\ CBA Prov;tiwns SubJ.ed of .Grievance Machinery ~: .1. Disp1,1tes on.:the interpre!ation _?-!:J,,Pf<>le°!-Pmfatjbn 1 .. Econo~jP -~f no.ri.-po!)tical provisio.ns which ~· o.~ ~J3A; and· . ~ .. · ·.. !~i4., · havf dir~ct_,nd me':'surable·_ monetc'.!'r.Y cost. , ff 2.. -Drsi:utes on_ the 1_r;iterprE:t~t§:l'_l.>Or e.~9r.F9ment_~. c~')~equ~~~~{, -such as wagf: rates,. paid :i'f ... company p_e_rsonryel pphc1~!r'f20;J;f·~1,::,f.CRl:fL.~t. ~~~-'1~-99-~,w~e.·~~n~,health .and welfare plans, . of_ proqed1:1re; ·Rule_. V,- S(;c. f;{J;.g>30, 2,c,ta~. · ,.~:. . a_naiot_l;rer:fobgebenefjts;·and· ·. . .· . ame1:ded)1h_ereinafter NLRC't-f~k§SJ\\ · ). · · l}i , 2_. Non~economic .or politi~-~~ provisions wh9se : . . . · \'. . ~·,) . · I,:~~- ,:non.~tary cost"cannot be-d1rec_tly computed such ., GRIEVANCE MACHINE~Y .. . t">,~;fi.'-1· . ·:. 1._~;_\.)~_~:;-tJ1i i:10-stri_ke-no.-:lock9ut, union s_ecf..lrity,. (¥ . .,(,:.-:~·•·•;!.~~:m"ar1!39ement. ·_-security, .·· check-off . clauses., Grievance re.fers 'to any. ·question hteitl;jer~,;the grievan·ce proc;~dures, etc. (NCMB Primer on· .. employ~'r or the· u·~ion regarc;ling: (CPV)f~it"··~ Grievance . ·. Setti~infJnt , and.. . Voluntary .~· 1. The interpr.0tation or irriplementatiOri'iOf· ariy ·. ·.. Arb~fr.ation). "· provision.of Uie'~BA; . . :· .- · · . · : . . · ·.. · 2. lnterpr(;ltation or .. er:iforcemeot, of ··company · : No.te: Vicifati<ms of e"ither 'provision· of-t!Je"CBA "'· f~rsohnel pciiicles; or . . . ·, . rna_y constitute. a grievance and is often referred 3. ~i.olatio_n ·ot. ~ny provis.iohs:_ of th1t CBA or . to _·.a_s rig"hts dis'pute (NC.MB Primer. on t,.' cqmpany -personn.el · policies (/RR of· LABQR . · GrifJvarice . Si!tffernen( . - _and Voluntary ~:. . GbDE, Book \I, Rule XIX, Sec.. 1,: as ·a(.riended Ar_bitration)', .. . ... . by D~O. ·N_o._ 40-03): ·: '. ·.· · ., . . . ~r.:. ·. •. ! . .: When the violation . of. the CBA consists in ( . Gri!3vance .. M.achinery is. ·a. mechanism for ·the· : · . flagrant an El/or m_a.liciou'siefusa~ to comply :with the ·economic. provisions, ·the sarrie shall be -adjust_m~_nt of to_n.t~6~ersiesor _disJ?utes ~rising from. treatecfas ~n unfair labo"r prc:1dice act and shall· ::. ·. · the,-interpretation or irnplem~ntation of the CBA and . . not be treated. _as a. grievable. · issue -"(LA.BOR the interpr.etat1on··: ol" enforc~ment. ··of. company · COOP, Art. 274). . . . ': per~onrtel poJi~ie_s {JRR· o( LABOR·9QDE,. BooR V, · RIJ/fJ XIX,.'Sec. 1, as amend~d by D. O~ · No., 4.a-03). · . ! ~~ . . ~ . ~y-p1:1s_sin~ the_ Grievance. Machinery: 't)L:P ·· .General R.ule: Before an· aggrieved ·employeef"may Grievanc'~-P·rocedure is' th~ serie~. of fo~al steps .resort to _th:e COUrtS to enf(!rCe his individu"al. rights. tf)at. partfes 'tq .. a C_BA agreed to take fot the under a bargaining contract,. the· employee mu~t ·adjustment of grle~~nees or questions·arisin1;i o!Jt or' exhaust .. all·. the remedies ava"ilable under sucli the interpretation or implementation of th'e C~A or contract.. The· court ·sho.uld no, entertain any compan"y person.nel . P(?liCles includin'g voluntary_ · t~
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arrived at after .the management and the. union through their respective representatives conducted negotiations. in accordance with the CSA (Octavio v,
complaint by an aggrieved"employ~e until, proper use has been -mace of the contract grievance procedure agreed upon by. ~he employer and the bargaining representative: (2. AZUCENA, supre at 537).
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Elevation of Grievance to. Voluntary Arbi.tration· . All gri'evan~es· submitted to the grievance machinery . which are not 'settled within 7 calendar days from the 'date of their- submission. for resolution should . automatically b.e 'referred to voluntary arbitration ~rescribed.in the' CBA (LA"BOR CODE, Art. 273}' ..
·.~xceptions: . . . 1. · Whe)1 the griev.ance machinery is.proverr to be -Jneffective in the past; or · .... : · 2... When. the. partles inadvertently failed to ihc.ll:ide a grieva_rice machinery provision hi their CBA (2 :A_ZUCENA,"sup_raat '[538):" '··. · .. .- · .,' .:
Note:' .-Only after.'· exhaustlnq -all·· the. internal· . . Absence of Grievanc~..Machll,l~ry fo· t'he CBA . · procedure :and only after the lapse of the 7 calendar ·. · 111 the absence.o'r- applicable pfovisi.6n in the CBA;" .a clay period · shoo Id unsettled:" or unadjusted .grievanc~ cornrnitteeshall be created with1n·'1,0.days grievanc~s be automatically referred to. v.oluntary from signing· of the- CBA.'_ The committee shall 'be '. arbitration · enunciated in · the CBA (CHAN,· composed. of at least 2 rspresentatlves each from . REVIE,WER, s_upra 7~2)... · the· members of the· bargaih.ing unit 'and ··the ..=;;,;.--~-· . · . · · . . · · .· · 'employer; ·unle~~- otherwise ·agree~ by th~p~!~s.·11J· ~rOf:~~!.!~ein Sub,mitting_ Unresolved Gri·eva~ces .· The representatives from:among ~he m~p-i:ber~1~{Jhe ~- '. -J&.4-rbt_tr<1l1o~ · · · ·· .,: bargaining unit· shall be .·designate~(tR-(\l ~nj~":""-=~ ·q{{he{~~~[Tlay_serve. notice upon the other of · (!RR of LAB(?_R C_ODE,. Book V, f!u.lo/XIX.~J;::-17 as . . · -. . "''lts.'.'~-c:!s_i,9!'(."tp~ubmit..the i~sue to voluntary amended ~y No. 40-~3): .dh'""-~~t1qp:1i~~~van~erernams unresqlv_ed. . . .. . . . . tf-1,,..)'"j ,., .. '!I n:t /A . ·~r~ T~h ,"'Flf:-, "t-. . . . . . Procedure m Handlin~ Gf1e~ance_l;',{ .:· .ff . ·. J.r: .a°\l.. Note;~.n.,0t1c1; 5;rould: . . . :· .· ~ene'rally, provisions of· t~~r cs¢. shall : appl~.J'~C · a. · ~tate tt:t.eQ_efsye~t_o be arbitrated~ and · ,. ·· However, in tt.ie ·absence ofj~sfre'ijifjc privisi6'h-m--f,.-.-"""E>:-:-Be furni~ned_.to1the.NCMB, VA or panel of tfie. C6A or .ex.is~ir\gc~~pan~~fae:~_~eptesc[ibiri~;fj>'t;~ I ·t:;__,~t1hearb1.trat1on_proceedmgs.-. . . ·. employee's fmmed_faf~ ._superviso'f:..~d..;s · op. "?tJ(_ l) st~wc!rd, 1~e ·employee a,:id · his· ·fmi't-1 ·,1gJe · Ivl~. ~Jf;,p:a1fie:sfail to select·a·vA o(panel .of VA, the . · · ·. ·su~rvisor: -~hail · ,exert : 13fforts ·_to settle·· f~~~ regional:tiran.ch o~ tt-ie 1',JCMB .shalldesign·ate.the. . . · gr'iev?'nce.at thelr.level. ·. '. . . . ·· · _ _. . · . . · ·: --'iiA or parlel of VA;-~u6h de_sighatiqli shall'tiave 3: . · If no· s·e~tlementis rec!ched, ~th~ :grievar.ice _shall the .~ame··fQ~ce and ·ett~ct as· if the pa~i~s· have .. ·be referred ·10 'the grievance committee .which · selected the VA themselves. .... · :· : ·· .shall have 10 days t.~-decJde the _c~ie (!RR ? tA80R COPE, Book~V; .Rule ~(X:, Sec: 2;. as·. .~: Orice brouglil to voluntar{arbitratio.n, addifional .. amendeclby·o.-Q. No. 40,:0$). · .. ·. ·. ·. · . · . issues other than the.·.grievance .itself be ~- . Where ·grievance remains . i.m"resolv~d •. either ... i:i,iised "(NCMB PrifrJer 'ori. 'Grif!Vancl;,' Machinery: :. party" may serve:·. Mlle~~ upon trfe ot~~r ·pf_ its : .arid Volun'taryArbitration).. · · · · · d~cision _to submit -th~-· iss1.i'e-· to .volur:itary ·· . . . ·· .'-, ,.-· . . .· · · , -·arbitri3ti"9_ri ((IRR·of L.ABOR',COOE, B09k y';. Rule · Dir.ect Elevation of ·Grie'v.ance'toVA · . · ·. Xl:K; Sec. 3, as'amended. by'D.0.-No. 40-0$), · :· :: General R'ule: Elevation. of.. an .i§sue- subject to· .' . . . .. . .. ····grievance •' mi;ide ·.directly· ·to' voluntary arb.ttration . Validity and' •.BlndJng Effe.ct· of De_clsio'ns.· of' .without c;oursing if tt:irougl),the grievanqe mact.iinery . Grievance. Committee. . . . . under the CBA 'is P.rolJibited bydhe Labor Co'de (2 A metnbe:r°of the bargaining wiibn"who.brou·ght his AZU~E!"A, supra at-5:38).:· .· _;.. ·. ,· . . :-· ... _grfevable issue for resolution by the Grievance ·,' ·.Coh11'\11ttee is·· bound by ·W..h.at.ever disposition the ~~epti'ons: . . . .latter may render, Said -resolution ,is a prod,uct--of.the 1. -Estoppal, .either because' of failure .'to ,qu'estiongrieyanee procedure outlin~d. in· their CBA. It "".85 the jurisdiction· of the ·'Labor Arbiter (Phili.J!lare
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Shipping·& Equipment Supply, Inc. v. NLRC, G.R. Np. 129764, Decemqer. 23, 1999), or by actively participating in the proceedings (Centra,J Rangasinan Electric· Cooperative, Inc. · v. Macaraeg, G:R. No: 145800, January 22, 2003). Upon· i;lgreement ··of the parties. ~~ :provide.d under Art: 275 9f· the labor. Code (A'lipasok v. . . · RaC:lio Philippihes Network, G.R. No. 138094, .,t: · · · "-May .29, 2003). · ·
Voluntary Arbitration refers.·to the mode of·settling. labor-management disputes by which the· parties select a competent, trained and. impartial. person who shall decide oh "the- merits· of. the case and whose... decisions is. final,. executory ·- and unappealable (NCMB. Procedural Guidelines· in the Conduct. of \iotuntar.yArbitration dated ·october 15,.. 2904; RULE II, . Sec.1 (d)) [hereinafter., NCMB GUIDELINES).
;~;- Note: Before ·a. party is allowed to seek the ,.:-;"· intervenfion of the·court, it is a precoriditiori that ·he . ' . "should >have. availed . of. all the ·means ot ~~: admini"stratfve ;proces~es 'afforded. him (Octavio· v. · .PLOT.· ·G.R No." 175492; Fe_bruar-y'p, 2013). ·
Volu~tary Arbitrator .~efer~ to: :(NORA)·· · 1. · Any person Nam'ed or designated in the .CBAby the· parties .si.S their VA; · :, ·: · · · · · 2. . Qne chosen by "the parties· With or without the . . assistance of the NeMB, pursuant toa'selection . . · procedure.agreed uponln the CB.A;"·: ·3. ·one appointed by th~ !'JCMB in case. either of the.· parties to· the · CBA Befus·es ·to submit to · : .voluntary arbltration; or · .· .. · . · . 4. Any person. who: has been 8ccredited· by tlie· · NCMB as euch (NCMB GUIDELINES, RULE 11; : Sec. 1 (ej). · ·· · · : . · ',. ·,· · · <. .'
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DL$!QdS of ~p_l;~mtary Afbitra.tors . . . ': . ··..• . . ·;,/f.';':...:...:1:,_"-:~~tr.:ia.rjept._Arbjtr~lors - those VA specifically . named·9-npesignated in the'CBA by the parties; · , . · Created pursuant .to the Created t1'u_ri;~anJ.. t9 -2 2·. Ad-~o~~ti~itrators - tho~e VA ch_o~~n b_y-lhe constitutional · . · . · (ight the .· tb&s11tut1ona_r, ~". part1~~f 'ri· · accordance. with the estabhsh~d gta~t~d ~-to;: wor.~ers·.. tq. rri~nq~te__f:~ ~0:2-;;.?ttfe l;{ . · procE;_§(u~~in\ the CBA .. or one· appointed by the · · p:M!c.!pate_.in_. policy and pr,_f7;e~tia_l-_;us~·?~---· i;; \ :. ·. NCM,,B (rfM"l;J.GIJIDELINE;S, Rule II'. seo: 1(e)}. decision-rriaklnq . . . . ve~o}?fY·~odes •. '':'' " I :'l. . . . ~....._:..JL · .... ·: . -, . . . . · . processes. . of. • tlie seJtling
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All Wage· distortion is~ues arising from the application. of . wage . orders .in organized . . · establishments;·and . 4 .. All ... unresolved ·grievances ·arising· .fr<:>m the interpretatic;m and. implementaUon of . the .fr09uctivity incentive prpgra·ms under RA 6971 (NCMB GUIDELINES;Rule ,v,··sec. 1). . .
selected' by the parties. He renders no final and biriding decision, but . rTJerely SlJgg'e'sts solutions. . Voluntary arbitrators have no tenure of office a11d . . are not politically appointed or elected, Their primary · function is to provide for .a process. for the orderly ·disposition ofdisputes and a foundation-for'statile' labor~management relations (CHAN, Reviewer, · ._supra, at 780). · · · ·
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. ·N~te: Productivlty incentive program . refers .to a formal'agreement voluntarlly.established by DUTIES .ANO POWERS OF A VOl,.U~TARY the labor-management.committee containlnq a ARl;UT.RATOR · productivity Jmprovement .proqrarn: that :wm · Duties · pr<;>tnote. gainful emplcyment, improve wcirki!lg 1, . Duty to Conciliate and· Mediate . .. 'conditions', maintain industrial peace and result · 'The arbitrator shall exert best. efforts. or mediate in increased productivity: inc.ludi.rig costsavlnqs, · to . ald .the .parties in _reachin·g: :!=! .voluntary .· .. as well a"s a p/oc:j1,1ctivity.gain sharing proqrarn. · settlement of the dispute, .before.' proceeding, , . ·:·(NCMB;GVIDELINE$,.RuleJl,.Sec. 1. (m)). with arbltration .(NCMB GUIDELlNES, Rule V, J • d.• t' .. f v , t . · A b:; · · ·· · 2 Sec: 1). · ' ... . . ·;.. · '. _....=-.,c.·.:, uqs IC ion .. o . o1 un ~ry ~r 1trnt9r.s: (.U VO·· 2. Du.tyto .Encouraqe the Parties to Entel"''iiilo 1( ru~J~ . . .. . .:· . Stlpulatio_n of .Facts. . .·-. /7 ~\_ · ~~ J-~.f:1-R,f~QJVe? . gp1::var;ice.s ~ns1~g frorr-i . the The .arbitrator shall encourage ~fli(Parti~s.i·:!g.==--.ii:,~ ~ 'iJcef1?fefatipn or- implementation ~f .. th.e CSA enter lnto a stipulation of fa,9~to 'fc!1!itcf~- a,' . · ~~B..,QFt9.~,jf,~rt. 274);, . . . . speedy disposition of casesfstfdtt._~~~-eJ?,§rtJe~-2.---.,.~.¥n(e~)¥e.'~ >1grievances ansing from the fail to reach a voluntarylf;teJtl~m~ht,1NC.MfiJ. ""jr·. ..r'iitefpretal!_~\'\t en:orce~~rit · of company GUIDELINES,Rule V, se'i:.iJ~~)/f. ·: ·Jr)·~ Y{ P~r.sp.~nE!~g'tic1e\_(LABO~ COf?E, Art: 27:J,); . !:¢''\ ::3'. . YrolctJ.ions f{'f rt~~ ti;BA-wh!Ch. are ~ot g~o~s m Powers . 1~.·-=,,. 4 · t ~L'%~J;iar.ic.ter (~fi!O'kf;.ODE_, Art. 274), .The voluntary arbitrato.r s~al.~~{~ tlie \olldwJlih J:', t.:-4:i!~·~he~ labor\ ~is'ff~J'.rs,. (ncludi.ng ·u'nfair. Jabor powers,-(RSTJ) ~A.kit . .- - .'\ , {1:-f'.~-~praiice_sa!i1-'t1.._.~~ga_,.rnng. deadlocks1.. upon 1. Bequi~e any ~erson to a~tenei._~~?ri01f@)\_(::., ~:'.~-- a~:,"·~f';l~
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JURISDICTION 'OF VOLUN.TARY AR!31TRAT.O.R ·Ex~JLisive and.. Origin·a1 Jurisdiction·. . ·· . · .' · ·The Voluntary arQifrator shall exercise exclusive c:tnd . o_riginal jurisdiction over:c?ses involving: (CP.-WP) . .' ~, All · unresolyed grievance~ arising· from the · interpretation'or implementation of.~BA;_ . ' . 2. All . unresolve.cl ·grievances :arising · trom .the irnp!emenfation . or. enforcement· "of ·company personnel folicies; · ·
.. Vipl~tiQri,S of .CSA·,-extept thos_e.:whichare'gro::is io . character, shall no longer:be:tr~ated as):JLP a.nd. shall' be.resolved .as grievances -(?AZUQENA;· s.upra, at 551). . . . . . . ~e{e_rr~l'tp Voluntary_A~bltrato.rs· . . . 1.·. ·All~ gri.evance~ not settled· 'or r~solved within · seven.cale.ndardays frorn date of submission for resolu,ion shall automali~lly ·tie referred . to volt.mia.ry arbitr~tic;>~; ..
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Cases falling within the exclusive· ~n~-- .original jurisdiction of voluntary arbitrators but filed either with NLRC . and·· its regional_ -btanche~: o_r the Regio"nal Qir~ctor.s of DOLE or. 'with the Bo?_rd and -its .branch.es, sha11· be·. decided .. by · the Voluntary Arbitrators upon referral of said cases pursuant 19 Article 274, pl:lr. :t oi the Labor· Ce>tle (NCMEf GUIDELINES, Rule IV,. Se'c .. _1; pars. and'3). · . · ,·
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Unresolved Grlevan~es Grievance.is unresolved when: 1. A decisiorr.or resolution was rendered thereon throuqh the various steps of the. grievance '. machinery 'and eilhe·r- or both parties ls/are not .. satisfied; or· ·. ·· :·2. No action at all was taken thereon within 7 days · from its submission for resolution to the last step· . ofthe grievance (Omnil)us Rules Jmplem~nting the Labor Code,.RUL~XIX, Sec: 3). '
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.concurrent .Jurledlction .. , The· Voluntary Arbitrator, upon agreement of the . · parties, shalt" also. hear .arid decide aJf. other. labor ·. disputes includiilg ULP .and bargaining deadlocks. : . ;- . · Before or· at -arw .staqe of compulsory .arbltration ·. 'orocees. parties to labor "dispute 'may agree to
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submit .their case to Volunfary Arbitrator (NCMB GUJD~UNE_S, Rule IV, Sec. 2): .·. . . .
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.Jurlsdlctlon _by· Agree~ent ofth~·Parties
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The disputes _that the_ pa.riles-'. ~ay submit -~~1,~~~~{[;. Wb~n_ Jurisdicti~n is E~~rcised_ . . . ·. v_oluntary Ar~itrat~~- can mclud_e. any: or. ~ll,r.t:!1S.:{;.,..<·rJ _The Voluntary Arbitrator shall 'exercise jurisdiction: disputes mentrqn?d 1~ ~- _2~4 which othe~s~Jg}f:" i't; (SN.A) - . · under the exclusive 1uns~1~t1on of:a. Labor ~t~f.\~ i .. ;~,:r."':Qpon ri=~eipt of. a §.ubmission agreement duly (LABOR CODE, Art. ?74). . ,/,-:{,'/ t\1ir~·).:!..:.~tJ:s_;~.M~l!?J(bot~ partles; . . . .: . ·. . .· ·· · . · ', ,1~<;:.,,/ :., l 2. · Upon ..r~9,~ipt' of the ·Notice. to arbitrate 'when R.1ghts Disputes ·. . < ./. ~ . . .,.: -~there 1s'ref~sal from one party; or · These. are di~pJJtes which cb'nte_m'pla~{~~-~:.~:i~t~_i:i1e1<"t_,. 3. Upon of. an ~pointm~nUdesignation as of a CBA alr.eady concluded or!-,,1~,a~}\-[c{f~. a ~i volunfa~farojtratorby -the board in either of the situation in .w,liich1)0 effort is rn~c;le.-to brii~·a5out -~-- · follmfo.ingS . '. . . ·,, · ·· . . formal c~an~e ir_i its term_s,?f."1~-f~~a.t!'~'neY" on~,'\1 ~"'.i~be,~P.~~M.:fail te;se!ect an ~ro.itrat?r; or -(NCMB Pnm_er . ~n . ~nevaq_'j~ ~,1_. · '. !11· . b~~fli,l:l'~~~-\:i~~ceof a name9 ar~1trat"or in CBA Volunt~ry.Arblfrat,on_)... . . . ~- 'l~ Jh~thl3:party upon whqm. the· nc;>~ic<:· to - . . .· · ,·.-"~.rf'\.f~ fl · ai:bltrate .IS' -served -does not- reply ~.1thm 7 .lnt~res~ D,lsp.ute.s· _. . · ~· ·1-., · . J!.i .. · }··~~':"'.".~- eays"_fron:, 'the.reC:eipt of such.notic.e (NCMB · These are ·d1spytes ov_e~ the ·formatro_§;pf:'.--¢.o!le~,~v! ......... · tf~t...G.1.JIDELINES, Rule IV, sec. 4). · a_gi:een:ients ~t ·efforts tc;> secure fl1e.rn(They ·'c;l.n,~e--....,..o::.;i,t!L....,..,'.!Z'l!..l.i~:I . · . ' · . . · · . wh~re there 15: no··st.1chagreern~n_t ~r:(w~e~~~·,s . t:,lumber of Arbitr'ato_r~ · ·· - . sought .to. c~ang.1;3_ tt,e t1rrms_ of .~ne~Jarg3mmg If the. CBA -does ··not spe_cify -the· .number. of deadlocks .are ofteri r¢_ferre_d)o as inter~~f'disp,ut~.~ -arbitrators, the case shall.b·e heard and resolve.Q by·. (N,Cfv!E} · Prim.er_.:on G_rieva,:,ce- • .M,ichineiy and ·a sole arbitrator (NCMB'GUIPEL1NE$, Rule /V,Sec.
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N-~te: ·_-fermii1atlon.di.spute is·not. a \~rievabl~ is~u~~ ·' hence, gr.ievance· ; machinery.. and: voluntijry·. . ~i-biti:ator& 'have . no jurisdiq.tior:i over . this . issue, .unless the ··union" anq _the C9111P.!'lny ,:i,igree that· . ter-m.inalion di~pute fall un·d~r the Jurtsdictio.n·of the volunfory arbiter. (L.andtex.fndustrias v. CA,.G_:R. _No. 15£J278, A1:ig1.1st 9, 2007). . · . ;_ . . . . . . : . . Qnly ,;is~~tes ir:iv~lv_ing·the uni~~ ~~~ ttle compa~~ shall b·e referred to g'rievan_ce machinery or voh,mtary . arbitrators: The·.right pf any employee.or.'.group of · empiqyees to, at any .time,. pre~ent grievances to the · employer does not im_ply ttie right tp-sul5111it the same to '"volun'ta"r.y arbitr~tion . (Tabigae· :V, lntetnation_al 'Copra·-E~porl Corp., G.R. No. 183335, .D,ecember 23,-i00.9),
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.Sub.mission: . ~greement... refers t9 . a· w~itten ·.. agreement by the p~rtie~'submitt1ng_ their·case for. arbitra.tion cor'itaining the issu~s. the · ,.chosen . arbitratorand :s,tip(Jla!ionto 'abide q.y a·n·d¢.ofnply:With_ the resolution including the,coshjf arbit~ation· (NCMB GUIDELINES, Rule.-//, Sec. 1 (i)).. . · · . . . .
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Note: T.he Submission Agreement .shall contain: . (P,ANASJ . . . . .: . . . 1. · T.l:le names, addresses and contact-riumbe~S of· the E:arties;... ··. · : . :· · 2. · The agree·ment to submit te ~rbitration:... 3·. 'ihe ·Name of the arbitrator; . .. : 4. , The Agreement to:· pert'cirr'rr or abide .. by . the . decision: and . · · '.. ·· . . ·: · 5. The §pacific issue/s .to be. ·arbitrated (NCMB. · GUIDELINES, Rule JI(, Sec .. SJ.
2019 SAN !3EDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS..I
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JURJSDICTION A.N.D·-·REMEDl·ES. .
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The well-entrenched rule is that when a case· does not involve the. parties to a CSA - the emplpyer and ttie b~rgaining uniQri - it is not· subject to voluntary ar_bitration. . While an· indiv,i~ual · or . group ·.·of. employees, withc:,ut-the·p~rt.icipation_of the uniori; are· · . grantE!"O the right to bring grievance .directly to the employer, they cannot-submit the same grievar:ici;l, if unresolved_~Y the employer; fc;,r v,oluntary ?ibitratiorf . witho_u~ the union's l:lpproval ~mq· pa_~icipatioh. The rea§on i~ that it is the. union which ·is the pc;irty to the . · CB~; and. not the: individu_al or groJp_ 9t·erriployees . . JTabigue v. lntemationa( Copra Export·Corp.,-·G.R. · · No. 183335, Dec~mber 23, 2009). . ·.. . . . ·.
Notice to "Arbitrate refers to a formal demand made by one party to "the .other. for the arbitration of. a . particular.dispute in case· of refus·a1 of·one party in a CBA to .submit te arbitration (NCMB GI.JIDELINES, ~ule JI, Sec:. 1 (ij). · · · · The· Notice· to Arbitrate -should .contaln the following: (NASRI) · . · . . 1. Names, addresses and· contact numbers _ot the. · party upon whom the notlce is made; , . 2.. ~rbitr.~tion clause of the CBA; · 3.. .§.peeific lssue/s to be.arbitrated; ·4. . Be.lief sought; ··· . 5. ': Name;· address.i.and contact-numbers of party . [nltiatinq the· arbltratlon ·(NCMB GUIDELINES, -Ru/es'Jv,· Sec,]).. · . . :
PLEADINGS ANO. APPEARANCE.
Where.to File Ple·adlngs .
Pleadlnqs _Shall- be fiJep directly with :the chosen · v0luhta:·Y arbitrator at _his. oes(gnated. busin~~s-·or Arbitrate: (~UR),· . . · . .- · . ><-"''---===;=~~ess1onal_qffice .copy ·:furn!s~ed: t~e - Re~w:mal _ 1. _ gxhaustJoh of th~ gnevan_ce procedar~~""'""';.,,-- . 1r ~~ai'rtslt\._~pf the Board _h_avmg jurisdiction over, the · 2. _Gr!evance rem13n:is-Qnresolve_d; Jw0~pta~f,-!~ecomplainant (N(;MB_GUIDELINES; 3.. _Be~usa! from one· party to sub"I9i"C\~v9IW:nt~;EY=.-_..--=r.;,;-~.,f'/, SVec,,.11).'. ., . . . arbltration. (NCMB .GUIDELIN5~ Rulfl-j)f,;,1Sec. . . -"'~~-'' p~".\, · · 6). . . · -..-.: j' ~-·~cS~!ce"'l-qt_xop_i~~f Pleadinqs . · · ·. .fr, , ··/' ('"". · · ·if"' . .J.ti.e ci))'.}yon:co~~6f the-·pleadings shall be served Procedure: · . •·',,},_?,,/ ,f · IP> ~\ J{" · th~l opP,?l?,in'g~far'ty . or parties (NCMB 1. · A notlee to arbitrate sha,11 be· s~'fve_d ~poli the GUIDEL~f ES;'fiJ,t)J1IJ;r;$ec. ·3). · · -unwrnin"g party copy tufMs~//the p~rmanE;'!(t· arbitrator · and . !'JCM_B ~1igferif'l!Y brancJ\ ((1{6':&B·";!, • lj·.~~_l;Y.IC_e_,P.f:Pteai;!1~gs,.f[if otice~ ~.nd A~ar~s . . GU/DEUN~S. Rule fV,_.$1:.~:.->B.ijt)),:. } ,1_0rL. .~optsn:1aY.-~~~~t.ed ~hro.ug.h personal service 2: Arter lapse, o.f 7_ day pen~,d'.'fr{>qi!'rec~~\~~h~~:~~11by ~_·;1!.'~f. r~!JIP!.jfed.;l!1a1I_ ohi .the parties. If reprei;ented the p~r:mai:ient ~rbitrator.. ,~h\11 ·. l~~e~IY\";f/ · -co3.?n,,~serr,1~~.•~ti~uld_ be made to the_ la~tercommence: arbitration i.pr.Jfct~ings.O~t:Z."M~J . J;;M l!J/IDEJJ-INE~; ul~ Ill!:Sec. 4},- · . GUIDsLINES,_ Rule ,v; (2)A. _.R~-fi~tat:#.·. · 3. In the absence· of perma.x1ent ·a"?.t;,itratOi:_,/t~""->~P'' ~e~ o~~,1ons_ . . . . .. . . . . . NCM~ st,alf" appoint a< -V'~l\,J_ntary~;~bif.r~!'~lfrt(~s m
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201!3 SAN BEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPE.~TlONS
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SA1,(BEDA 1,AWCE',NmA(IZED BAROPERAT(ONS - ME~ORY·A/0 2019 ._ hit fiMMM\IMP/iNM . . f'it!Hi9k'5 Mlhi-lMl#fXIMPl1iM45NA ti iiWQBiliiRMtJC-
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{ Setting of lnltialOonferenee: Notice to Parties . :· Within 2 days . from .. receipt of· tfie · Sub.mission Ag'reement:Notice to Arbitrate or-Appointment, the 6'~_Voluntary Arbitrator shall set the date, . time- and ,: place of the initial conference with due 'notice to the . li,l': parties (NCMB GUIDELINES,Rule Vl,.Sec. 2).·
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In tl)'e.event that the' parties finally settle their .dtspute during the· pendency of the arbitration
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{. · 1nitfal Conference' · · ·. Motion for Reconsideration. is allowed· 1. - . Parties ·shall be encouraged to explore afl.. · Voluntary, Arbitrator's .decision . may still be t· : possible· means· of effecting a settlement reconsidered on the basis . of a motlon for ,;;._ 2. If parties· arrive · af an. aqreernent, jt shall b'e. reconsideration seasonably filed within 10 day.sfrom . ~:.. · reduced in ·~riling _and signed' by. the parties .receipt thereof, .The seasonabteflllnq of a motion for ;_. · before the Voluntary.Aibltrator, and reconsideration is· "a · mandatory requirement to ;, · 3. The agreement shall :form. part· of the decision foresta.(l'the finality of such decislon. · . (NOMB G_U~DELINEs: Rufe YI, ·sec. 3). . . . . · · · . . _ .The: obvious intent of CorJ9ress i~. to provide .an fi.f·· ·Effect pf No)'\·Ap.;earance. . . opportumty for the, party adversely affected by the For rron-appeararice of either ·.pa('lles for two .Voluritacy_Arbitrator's·'decision·to seek recourse.. via ~,, consecutive conferences, despite· due: notice, the . . . · a·.m~tion for reconsideration or -,a p~titi_on for -review · ·•. - Voluntary Arbitrator shall terminate the· conference~/ un~~r. Rule ~3 °.f the Rl!Jes of
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Submission of Position Papers(-"~d other-\: Pleadin .. · .· . . . \:(~ d. , _ 5 Positioriiapers s~ail cover: (SINSj .,,.~ ;.,J:;:::-:.i· .,.,•. 1. Simplified issues.-during·the)l)ill~-1cof\!er-El"Ace·: 2. issues a'nd :causes of. Ji:cti9n· ii6,isect' in th~··,,· ':· ·. -submission·agreem.ent; - , · . t·,,,.if ~,}~ · · ,.,_ · · ,•• ·~-""; ·
Deci_s,on . · · ·· y .~ · :In~n!orceme~!,P1 ,-1~stancep[f'l rion~~omphance by . either or both !-·~ _parti~.s-. a)ifo;t1.?\ t<_? .enfo~ce/~~ecute the awar~_ma_y l · be fi\ed ";f~ t~~e·v.~lunt;;uy,arbitrator ~ho may issue a wnt o~,exe5. tiof\'e~~!nng the follow1ng persons to exequte[the.Jt atde01s1on· (NCP) ' 1 · st.i -,~--Jt~ t(ti· ".;;·''F{o' :. . . ' ~~~li:·t:/;~~rate· 0! ap_p~i'~~~~~1}~~1unt~}l·i: f~ . Z: · . Sh~rt{}lr.ei~kr$~.~rts;_or . _- · . · . . ·
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. I t" ff t INCM'B GJ~,.,~LIN""r R /(I 11• • 3.. Any. fubhc official -Wt\om the parties _may Sttpu 4 . . VI a ton. ['L · d,!::_51gna · t · th eir. · · · SUb m1ss1on · .. · · Sec -'a) o' . ac s '1• . ' . u.,., \ : .,:,, .,, ' u e;' ~,w.•';;.:}~ e. In agreement' ~;:;_,-;r.t .. t!;~if~J._~Ji!3 GU/DELINfS,,Ru(e VIII, .sec. 1).: · ..
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·oEC:l~JON: . · ... · .· : . : _ . . :t;r ~ : .ff'd : : . ·. Dec1~1on .•s. µie final arb1tr.31 ~1spos11loq(~~~.ue/s ·. ·. ..~ . . .subm~tt~d t~ v
Note: ln t~e. ati_sence'ofthe VA or his incapacity, the motion _$hall be filed\vithth·e· LA in 'the region having jurisdiction over.· ·:the. wOrkpiace · ((NCMB (;_LJIDEL1NES,'Rule li!ll, Sec. 1) · · · :.Ag~rie.v~d·party ·may file a -pe_titiqn for contempt or imposition of fines· ~rid .penalties .ag?inst the non-. . csoem_c.p11y)i.l1 .. 9_.. p.ar'ties. (NCMB ~UfDELINES,Rule· Vill, -
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·Rules on Decisions · · ·. . 1 '. 1.t shall be rendered·within ttie p'i_~ri.od agreed.but' in nO' ·case·· to .exceed. calend~r days· tram ~-- sub1T1ission .(NCM,B_ ~U/DEL/Nf;S,.f~ule.. Vil; · r,·· Sec. 2); . · , . . : ·. · . . · . . 2 It shall be· fina(and e~ecutory atte.r., 1 O ~aier:idar ti· · ··days from. re_ceipt of copy of the- decis.fon· by. 1·: _·-:. · parties (NCfvfB GUIDELINES, 'f?ufe V/11 S(lc. p}; 3. . Fajh:ir~.,. tq render decision: .without ·justifiable· ;·.: · gr9unds shall · b1;3' si.cfficier:it. ground for t_. · disciplinary a~tiori upon- verified complaint of a I~-· party to· t)1e case_ (NCMB· GUIQELfNES,Rule f:-: VII, Sec;·:3); and· ·
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'.f'h~ deci_sion tne L,abor Arbiter rei.r:istating.. a · 9iSmissed . or· separ~t~d employee,'· insofar as th~ . reinstaternen't. aspect' . Is. ':concerned. shall immediately._b.e executory, even pending'. a'ppeal. . . The reinstatement ·qrder by .the Voh.infary Arbitrator · · .. should have the. sam~ auth.ority, force; a.nd effect as· that of th~ reinstatement order by.the.lab'or Arbiter not only to encou'rage parties to' se.ttte.thejr di,sp,utes through. this·. mode; but .also,. and more impprtant1y; to -enforce the .constitutional mandate to protect .labor, t9 provi<:le secur.ity o.f tenure, at'ld to enhanee s9cial justice (Baronda ii .. CA, G.R. No. 161006, · Octobe: 14, '201.5). .. _
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2019 SAN !3EOA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR pPERATIONS
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JURI.SDICTfO.·N·.AND .: REMEDI.ES .
.Effect- of Filing of Petiti.on·t'ar Certiorari w\th the SC or the·CA on Execution · . . It shall· not stay the execution of" the· assailed decision unless. a.TRO.or injunction 'is issued by the, CA or SC peridlng resolution of-such petition (NCMB
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Malntenanc.e of Gas; Re~ords · . . The NCMB Regional Branch shall .maintain the records Of voluntary. arbitration Cf:!SeS falling Within . · their area of jurisdiction (NCMB GUWELINES,.Rule
Remedies , from r Decisions·. of· Volunt~ . Arbitrators··· · . . Petition for Review under Ru1e·43 of the Rules· of. Court · ·' ·:· ·
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The voluntary arbitrator shall also furnish the NCMB · ·] ReqionalBranch the following: · . 1. Two copies· of the 'decislons or orders .!: immediately after the issuance thereof; and. . 2. A quarterly status report of cases handled ,:
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IX, .Sec. 2).· . . · . The prevailin~· rule is. that, the proper remedy · ', · .from .dscislons of voluntary .arbltrators is a . . petltlonfor revifiw.under,Ru/e 43 of the Rules of. . TurnoverR~ce>rds.. ._ . . . . Court (Leytf;I. IV :Electric.. Cooperative, Inc. v. . · The arbitrator shall turnover. to the NCMB Regional LEYECO · iV-Er:npfoyees · Uhio(l·ALµ, G.~. No. · Branch the entire records of the cas~ within 19"days · .157775, October 19, 200'7). ·· v» .: : upon full and complete satisfaction. of 'the final .... . . . ' . .. ' ' : . . · arbi.tration case (NCMB C31,)IDELINES, f?..ule·IX, Sec. The app~al of-the vA'. decision· to the CA ry1us_~----..,,.-J.)l. · · · : · · . ·. . . ·•.. -be filed wfthin ro days f-rom. the 'receiP.~e 1rJ' 1 ~~ .. · .· . . . ·. ': . . . awardor decision (t;JYK-Fi(Shif? tjjt'[fgdbint •... .{\Di}'t:in}ti~~samong a.Volu~tary.Ar~\tra~or,. , inc., v. Debu, GR. No. 22f?142,
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· · · No~e: ~~~ing.'.to. f~ifed tci~~,.tb-~plf(pr!~~13>. remedy' clue to the. taps~io( tr:o/WP.e41f pen~~ .Jfl',). 'lA:. . . : , p~ . ~ . :· person Regular. · the party ca~not s1.mply ~~voke«;u!_e t9.~t~ CQ~i!.~d by ,~~.- sel~cted. by the courts own COQVenien~e. as ·;f9.1t~ ativeu rE!me~y _ .~q.~da~ such, iPf~...iSP.Uting p~rties, . (l!.ey(e .1.v E_l.ecfn.cC?o'?P~flih.1/.f!,Kln~. V.: ~~YE.Q,_ . ~: ·per~/RO ~J. ·'facilitates . IV .Employe'?s Unron~.NL~,.f!/R- :No. ~.on(.~,~ !r\'l111,ed/1 M:>t co.m~unication .. . .·.o.ctober 19, 2G07) .. · .. ~· d,esi~ e~'4)1n ~H ne'gotiati~n·•. :. . " .· . .f ·!I. ;,l \;..,.;,~. .:· · !Hi · J · hB/)..r t'b . t'1'e "a.,ncfi assist the 2.. Pet1t1on fo~ cer.t,oran.unc:\ (·Rule.,. 5 of\'!b.~ ~f~s~. ~~·.fP'a~',.:;,,;. ·~.J;;fact{'as pirlfie·s · .. rn . of Court, . 7 ·~ · _ ·~1_p ~ !rt.:"'1 '>..:, · ~)'~ }'\ 11. ,11 .. , . · 1 , -.1 · .. ·., ~ ~:. . • ~.~, f ~1,tti t y Vo~mary reaching . a ~ ~pe_cia 01y1 ,ofti_on !o~ co,,q.01:an_u.''\; er.. ~ . ·'fiJtratu~er · ur ,~ ,yt'.itii'r ,Lc1r.y , of the _Rµl~s. of _Coµrt IS ,tt,e~_r<;>_per r. r.n~ · E;{f- ·Je¥-With.. or,. agreement · ·. ori~ ·who_· col'trpl~~ns ~he \1l~unal.'.l'boa~~'o~£.L,... \>-,,,,,ti[ regarding· a . , off1«~r ..e.~er.G1~,fl~ . JUd1c1~I _or''\i1~~~91c)a~-- . ':}as,g(t'~rt9~1,.9 ~isput~ (R.A.No.' . ~unct,~ns. a~\~d ..r~ t~~al, d1sr~~ar;d 'of~eV.jd~~~e I\; ·"i_~JWa>- ~suant .9~85, ·s~c, 3 (q) . mat~.rial_ .or. d.e.c1s1ve. 9f the. cont~.ove'\>sy:,..._1_!1. IV:,.) .!L.a~sele~tion & (r)J. : ·:. · · · add1t1q~,. the eX:tra9rd1n~.ry·rem~dy_of -~ert,o~ pro~edure agre.ed . . . . · . ·· _ ll_la_Y:..b~ res.ort~d:_to9esp1t~ the av~1la~11.,t.}'. of. ~n . uppn irt the CBA. : .ap,p.~al Wt'Jen tl:le _.broad~~ rnt~r~~t~ JUSt1~e _so . or . during:, . the . requ,re.·(L~y~e IV Efe9tn.c. C?ope,rat,ve;Jnc_.· v.. ·. conciliation . L~YECO IV ·~mp/oyefJ$, Unron-ALU, ·.. GR.:: No. · conference ; who 15777.5, Octoper 19, ~G_Ol)'. · shall· hear and .. · .... . :decide '. . on .. ,the. :. ·.· (;o; furthe; discussi611.~n:the._ifjJppea(~ia-R~l~ ·. 'merrts .. ·o( . ,;1: . . • : ... ••• : · · -65, r(;Jferta the.discussionon the Judicial-Review ·. : voluntary. · · 0 _''. •· . ·of Lafibr_Ruli(lgs): .. : . : ·. : · ..... · '. ·' arbitration . case .. . . : . . . .. ~ . .. . . ' . (Thf{. Revfsep .. ·. - .R~PORTORfAL R'EQl.i'litEMENTS. NCMB Manual.of ·· . The '·parties· sh~ll ·su!:>mh. to the concerned NCMB Procedures .for : · Regl9n~I Branch thi:i"foliowing: . . · . ·· · · conciliatio'h ana 1 .. : A. copy Qf ttre· agre~ment to ·submi~ t9 yoluntary .. 'Preventive ifrbitralion; 'arid · · · ·. · Mediation· Cases, 2, .·A· copy .of. .'. ~ll . pleadi~gs' submitted (NCM~ . 201.7· . Edition, '. G-UIDELINES, Rule IX, Sec. 1); · . · . · .. ~ .. . . . . . . · RULE; Ill, No. 37) . . .. . .
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~ 1~· . ;;:~··, Arbitratdrs are not :NIA f o.bliged . to "follow . ·... !· : prkcedents sef by . 1_;· . ·otl.er:. arbitrations .: .,. ir:i similar cases. -· ·1(
-Appeat is . to "the ·CA ur:ider Rule. 43 · · ·of the· Rules of ' Court {RULES oi=. COURST,. - Rule . 4;J; Sep. 1) ... ·: .
RE·MEDIES
SAN BF.QA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS·- MEMORY-AID_ .2019
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·C.onciliation-Mediation refer.$ to the process of facilitating a settlement of labor 'and employment Issues ($ENA "/RR, ·R1:1te· I, Sec. 4 (a)). .
Formal proceedings -, , "·Rules. of. · Court · and 6n the Rules E;vidence ap81y.
Party refers to employee,_ group of employees, employer or union who files a request for assistance (SENA lf?R, Rule I; Sec. ·4 (h)).
_ Requestlnq
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Responding Party refers to. employee, g:r9up employees, employer or union requested to appear for concttlatton-medlatlon under SEnA (SENA" /RR, · R"t!le I, Sec._4 (i))..
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J1.,1dges· .are r.equired to observe· stare ·decisis.
_La~k -of Interest refers to non-appearance of t~e· _ requestinq party . for .· 2. consecutive .scheduled '. r conferences despite_ due notice (SENA iRR,·Rufe"/, . · Sec. :4" (e)).. · · .· · · .
. Sing.Le Eritry As.si~tance Desk (SEAD)iso_the desk/ Appeal 1s to .,,/') : uni! in the DOLE Central/ Regional/. ProVinciaV·Fi~ld a ·. _ hig9et x>i - OJflCt:lS · · and - · attached · aqencies . providing court . tm:oef .-'.?\ _concjliation-Jllediation services under SEriA (SENA ,.,,,,, ... , ..,\ /RR R / / S .. the Rule~_10L ./ :;1. , . u e , ec. .,"A(/111'II·. - .": . . . ; .. · . • .
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-~{rt::;;~~-;§:'~~t~El'lf&fssi~ta~ce Desk ~tti~er (~~ADO).is y ii! . a · traTrfea!:--:'P}l(.SOArlelof t).Ol,.E and its attached .___.,-.-__. _.__~----~·"'-......, .- ... c...""'-, ~------.a..,,.,·r·,;.-/J agencies aniffQe~ignatedbyJheDOLE Secretary, or· )'.'.\;(( _ )_,.,.-~;\ in the casf pf~tta~hed. ~g·eriGi~~~ by· the _Head_ ~f. "-'--~....l'...,. _.:.';..;.,-'°'--..__.· _ _ bi Offices, _t_q pr.ovn;Je_ interview, .advlce, and conduct . · - : · . . ··: .-'_ '0: : .. _ . 6_ • ,.,._·>v . 'tf-.:::W::·• ··::. . · concil.iatf n-,;ediaJfoi:iservices·· (SENA/RR,. Rule I,
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.. A"' ·-·..-.,,-;,;:··...· -·-,.-:;,, .. ' , ..,.. · ~~'i . ,;i - . "..,~·;:~.,{' , ,~·"'···.. - ...~!~•'? "'•·'.·:·'.~.._,.. ,!~"-... . · (SE · · ·_N. '.,AND -. : .. · lTS . - : .uv.1il,>LENiENIDINt'J.'·) . . - ~- - . ,.:;;""-:-·-. , .- (,·~, · 1;,,. Co-Concrtii!:_tlo.~Med1at1on . _RU:r..ES AND. REG.~jJ9.N,~\ · j} : t' : Coordinated ·. c6nciliation-metjiatio[l . (or Cos _ · : · · . · ·, · · · (IRR} · .: ',!,_ rl . · )'..i · +:··:::-;;-~~filia~io~-m.~diation}"by_2or_f!lor.~ SE~Ds, s~al~ be · -. .. -. . . . . . ,':,...;A,.,, . .• e!Y·"r:P,?S.e:~e~_1[theRequest.f.or a~s,stance (RFA} IS f1~ed . ·-,_. .. · · . f,i /;:~0·2-.!.._-:~-wtth-"l>lhe'-'S~ADllJOSt co.~venien~ to the r~questrng · Republic Act No. 10396 was enacted~tq.strecigttien ·· p~rty O\J~s1de t'1e region where the· employer oonpiliatiori-rned_iation as·· a volunt.afy{r.mci~e· of '.p~irfoipally opera~es (S~NA,JRR,Rule II, ·sec.. 3J. ·
.,_, '.;_ ;; . · di~put~ ·settlement. for·._ a·II labor- , cas~:,t ·and· i· institutionalized · the Single.. Entry: Apprqach:· or the I: . $EnA:'Pr6gra'm ofthe· DOLE through the·addit1on of ,. a new 1;.abor·. Code, provis1.on -on· :Mandatory ;, · · Concilii,!tion 'ahd: Endqrsemen(of .Cases:"t1hder Art: 'f. · 234 of the Labor-Code. ( DOLE"· D.epa~men(Or.der .. No .. 151, s. 2016 ··was issue,d qn Febru_13ry 22,.,201"!3 cor:itaining Its IRR.,_. . _ . Single Eniry "Approa.ch·(SE"nA)"· · . _ . . ·· .lhefe.rs fo·the administrative approach to provide an aco:essible; speedy, . impartia.t.. ·.. and iriexpensive settlement prooedure of alf!$SUes arising from-J~bor and employment - through a 30·-day ma.ndatory · .. . .concHiatiori-medi~tio:n · (Single Entry' Apptoach lfTJplementing Rules:and Regulations,_-Q.O,No. 151-:16; series.of 2Q1~, i{ULI; I, Sec, 4(k)) .[hereinafter SENA /RR].· .
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. . .· . . . .. . 11:i=e . S~APO , shali entertain the_ same _ and , co-: · conciliate.-mediate with the ·sEAD of .tfie region . · where the e·rnploy~r_prlndpc1lly.:operat~s(SENA" !RR, . Rule"fl, ~ec. 3): · ·· · · · · · Guiding;Prir-iciples · . . _ :·P.ursuatJl- to _th:e cons"titutional mand,ate ·to ·promot_e - ,td~~-ptrefe:enlutiadl' use.'Qt,y1?1t~ntary md.ot~es ot1.~ettling 1spu es m~ rng cohc1_1a 1orHne, ,a 10.r1, .:a, issues· arising frorn labor employrne,[it shall be subject to a 30~day mandatory condliation-mediation services or the SENA (S"E_NA/RF,?; Rvfe:f,_Sec. ?). .
Scope iind·Coverage
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Gener.ii· Rule: All issues arising from labor ~nd employment . 'shall be subject to t~e 30-day mandatory 9onciliation-mediatio.n. ·
2019 SAN "E3EDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR G_PE;RATIO~S t. 195
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JURIS .01·cT.ION.·.AND- REMEDIES IMF I "**' SAN SEDA !,AW CENTRA(IZED BAR OPERA!IONS - MEMORY AID 201:?
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\IV.hat Should. Flied to 'lnltia'te SEnA Exceptions.: (NCEV20) Request for Assistance (~FA) is· the reqllest' for 1 .. Notices of strjke/ lockout or preventive mediation cases with the NCMB; .' . . the.conduct of conciliation-mediation under SEnA to. assis't the parties fo arr'ive at a' settlement agreement 2. Issues arising from the interpretation arid (SENA /RR,· .Rule I,, Sec. ·4 ·(g)) .. lmplementatlon or the ~BA, and. those ari,SiAg from .the interpretation and enforcement. of . company. 'perscnne! policies which should be Who May Fiie . processed througl') thegrievancemachinery; . Ariy aggrieved'person! such as: (WUG_E) . . 3.. Apphcations for gxemption 'from wage'· orders : 1 ... Worker; includinQ kasambahJW, whetherlocal or ·. with the National Wages and ,Productivity. , . overseas: . Commission ·(NWP.G); · · . . · 2. Uniori, workers:assoclatlon or federation: ::. 4 .. Issues · involving Violatiol):S 'of:· (AEP-PEA;3:.' . Group of workers, whett:ier loc.al or overseas; or · CRPL-TO) . . ·A.; gmployer... . a·. Alien Employme_nt.Permit' (AER}; · . · . · ,, b. Private Employment Agency (P.EA) :Note: Jri case of absence or.. incapacity of the authorlty or lice rise; . ~ -: . -. .. . ~QgrieY~d ·person;·. his/_her· immediate. ·fa~il.y ~ith c. Working ~hil.d Permit (W.CP) and violations. Spec!al Power of Attorney !~PA) may file _t_he RFA. . of. R.A. Na. ·9231 {Anti-Child Labor Law); In caseof death this/her l~giJim~t~ h.eir/s may fil.e the d. · Begistratioi:i- under D.0 .. No. ·18-A, se.ri~~::.."':D;,,~(SENA IRR. 'Rule_ //;.Sec: 1) .. ·, .. · . · · - . 2011 · ·· . ·· .,,,,_,~ · T · 11: ·--..-....~. · . e. frofe~slo~al !:iceilsE': is.sued_faY:"~e~RC ~!}i;~ije ... · . : .·. . .. · . and v1olat1~n of ·the Professron;~G:g'.9~1 ..u:,~-,G~era1 fu~~he RFA s,hall be .filed· at any S_EAD Conduct; . . . : . . . ./',---.."" irl'the~egig51\'~here the · employer principally f.. · · IESDA A~cr~d1tat1ons;_ ~tfd4,~-/~.,,.,..-,-.~"3;~""':Wo13er;a..1;s,{:. :~·. .· .: _ . g. Qther . Similar · l:>er.~l~)a-,,Ji~nses·: <jlr,1. jf _ "o//'. · . \ , '\rPf) " · . · . ·. re~istrations ~s~ued: 1py_ ih~'1D0Lf ?~. i{s . /~ l:~cepti~ns;\~f _ · . .. . . . , . - · attached agencies; f! . j · -.!f.J~f"~ 1. Atl~~-neal~stpSD E 'office ·or attached agency 5. ,Yiol~tlons of POEA ·.9P'~j;-;-a,r'd Re 'f9"lfilf60:s:: -'-lr'f'"~-rrr:c~e ·Of l>,e!?iiJ.§\~P'k'asambafi.ay or .deployed involving: (SDIR:N.OT) ·~ ~----t ~ ·.. :, . ~-""~f;.l'Nbrkersor -\ervi'i.Vpn;:,vip~rs or. subc,on.trac~or a. §erious offenses. ·.:tnt,~~tnses p n.ali~.ctt~\l\IlJ.W~-opeitung .lnN U:ie"'l~gfon other than where i~ . wi~ car:icellation of uceFls~~. ~~\. {!: l prirjg,Ly·oRerate~i, . . - .. . : .. '. . b. Disciplinary .·· aQtion~.1, ~~inst ~%!:lJS;E\lasti-;;:~~?-"fft(eJ~a.r_e'.$t~P~Hiefpi!1~O~er~eas Labor Office· wo~kers/seafarers.• ~tii?h,_, ~e · .lfios~~~{ed~~ ..·t~J~~~ i{_"ttv(f_ffountry, of ·. de~ti~ation : or senolclS offenses,_~r.J.p1ch-c.aqy thb1 ~);~~··f . -q,-f/?~'e%bar!(at1on·'l'J'.· CE)se of .OFW, .~f at.. the. ·, of dEilisting ·from the ·r~"g~try .r~~-r"'e5;f-'DOL~ .1~~ce. or attach!'id ag~ncy. of offense; . . . . ·"\:· . .,· .·_ _,,,-·q·~Btefe...r;e,h~e wh~n in th_Ei ·CQ._Ul)try;, and ..... ' . o. ..comj:lla!nts !oitiat~d by th~{_'O~! ~~-, -· ·~1'-i )! ~~fe\9.9L517~ffi~e"o~reg}~tration . .in case of d. · ?ompl~1~ts .against·. ~n a'Q_~FJ..CK})'VhO~=$$•,Ufl'l~A._Qf,f~erat1on repre_sentmg a.lo~l.chapter . .ILcense.·1s ·B~voked,-canq_eUed~.@2
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SAN SEDA LAW C~NTRALIZED BAR.OPERATIONS
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·SAf:I SEDALAW CENTRAl,IZE.D8/\R OPERATIONS·- ME!il_ORYAID W19.
~FA. throuqh !:etter ·-Where the RFA is filed t;Jo~e: The SEADO may liold as many, . through a letter, whether written or e-mail, the conferences as ·may .be deemed necessary t.o· Head of Office, through the S.EnA focal-person, facilitate a settlement .agreement. shall .. immediately respond'by explaining the· procedures of .. the SEnA and require the 4_. .!;xtension . - The ·30-day. period is non. personal' appearance 'of the. requestlnq party . extendible ~xcepfupon mutual agreement of the , before lhe SEADO. · . · ·. .paiiie~ -and· the.re is a possibility for settlement. Ri=A thro.ugh Anonymous letter, SMS;. or . Such ·extension. shall not exceed 15 calendar phone cal(-. Tt)e Head of Office througfj .th~ . days _(SENA /RR; Rule ill, Seq. ·5). ·. . SEnA focal person, shall refer the same for' the. conduct of a Specia.f .· Joint Asse.s~merit to . CONDUCT.OF CONCIL:P:r,iON-M~D·IATJOr-i -taollttate compliance or correction· if there are .' Appearance.ot Parties· .. ·. · . ·. · . : deflclencies. . .: '·.· . . . . . :. , .. Upon the receipt Of ·thEi··notice ¢f: conference, the · -4. · RF.A.. ·iiwo1ving·. Q.iplo!llal.s : or .. Jnternatlonaf parties .shan personally appear at-all times ·(SENA org_a.nizatjors with· dlptcmatlc. Immunity. -::: /RR, Rule IV, Sec. 1), ·. _ . : . . · . · . TRe S'EAElO shalt . . . . ~. · ·. · . ~ . ";' . .· · .· · . . . . . Advise. the :reqUe!;,ting_"pa·rty· of the need ·to 'in SEhA;uie· parties.Shan representthemselves and . . verity the imtnun!iy ofthe..rE}spondi.[lg.par:ty:°· lawyers are .discouraged. from participating in the . b.. · Notify the responding p·arly on the existence conference; except wlien they are the requesting of.R~~ ~nd_tb a~pE:arbefore the SEADO. for..,/'} part~ . or . t~e· ·. employer, . since:· .SEnA · is· an ccnciltaticn-medlation; and . · .·. . · 111(.~·~ . adrnlnistrativeapproach for a conclllated settlement · . ·c. In,· case· of- non-appearance of-:~}~~~~,: .andnot-alitlqetion (S~Nl}.1RR,.Ru/e IV; ~ec. 1) . .respondlnq. party; refer the RFA to .;tlilJ~~.kt~{;~ .· · . · . . · · · · ·. appropr!F1te.ag~~cy{office (SENA /RR,?'·'~!T!(~ff ~Rf!~aran~.~'!\ ?f .. Lawy_er~;· Agents Of . . • Ill ' Sec. 1).. . •. . . .. ' r,.-: . .~f,J.i~DAn~esentat1yes . ;:;. ..,._.~; ..............~..l-~~1'\1'-' <·! . . . Lawyers';--ag~~ntsor ~tt?rneys-ln-fc;1ct..a~piaaring Raffle and Asslgoment 9f RFA.-. ,.f,iV .... A--tr· behalf or~r:i: J~flhe parties l?hould submit a.Special. Withi.n · ~ . day frorn rE:peipt, :. ·th~· ·1,J.a_&.,,1~ • Offlc~;:.i.~-~R P?w~r ·of tt?~~eyr Board Res?lutiq~f 9~cret~ry's through ··the ·.SEnA. focal ·pers·on, ytif!-U · ~;~)_11;1f.l.;-the ~erbfi~t,grf1nt1\gt.hem .autho~1ty to. r~present·and · RFA.s to the S!;ADO .or caus~sJ~e~ssr~nrner::it!:W. 'If~ enter. int,9· a tync!1Q"g agreement for. theit principal in. raffle in· c.as~ there are 2 or,lillqr:,Ef s~ops.in .lhe~ the. foUg),Ving firculr)stances: (OMb)' ·. · ·.. . · SEAD."'Th·e ·sEADO .shall frtJ\tt.~~iatelY'."go~_pµcRj~e: 1·'.· W~.ffl_;;(~~~t~fW~.s!ing/.r~spo,:idin·g 'patty. _]i'> a~se~sment (SENAIRR_,..Ru/e· 11~ec;:3;.:4"!t ~·-} alreacfy1Depk'.>~ed·abr<:>~d or our of the coim_try <'.Ir·. . . ... .. ' .... ·. .-_.. ·... _')~wt;"'"';!~ .. } )1 ~1"!1plpyed/ ass1gne.~/ rt11wate~·to:otherrE!g1~n; . U~_onrece1pt.qf the.~~~•.·t!J.e ~~'?~ ihaf1·~£~~1,1.1e_. .. ,~l-f&,,..W:hen:the re~~est!n.gl_._r.e~po_ndn~g party 1s· a w,t~_ln the day th_e initial confereney.u~~t').~e SE11A · ..::-!~f:\,:~·~#MlraQr~ phy_s,cally mcapamtatepi ·. . . . . Notice. f:o.rm (SENA./RR; Ru_le Ill, Se~1)·· . /~~:d'" _... 3~MhE:'tr- quest)~g/ responding_ p~:rtY Q.ie<;l. _ouring . . ·· . ·:.: · .. , : ·:. ·. \!r, {ff;F .. · . ··t1,e··pen?ency of·the· R(:'A,:the_ heir/s ,of the. -~~~~~- of_;,e"".'iC?e-of.No~ceiofCo_nfere'$~~E-.. · . 0 ~-~y.appe_~r and ·s~all:·pres~nt, the_·
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(:)eath. certificate; ;;ind · . . - · .· ·· Proof df relatjons.hip.. (i.e,: inarriag~ con1ract and/qr pirth cerWicate) ($fNA IRR;_Rule.lV, S~c. 2). :. ·. . . · .. ·. · ·. . · ·· · · · . Con.ciliation-Medlatl~n Process:· . .J . · . . The SEAD°O, in the' cor.idui::t 6( the ··conciliationmediation; shall: (CNE-OPM): . ·. . . 1 .' ~iarify ·ttie issu~s. · yalidat~ . ·positloijs : and deterini'ne the underlying issues; . . . ·:2. ·Narr.ow.down ,the ):lisagreemen.ts. and. broaden areas for settlement; · · > · · ... · .3. £nCourage·p~1Jtie·stci gen~rat~·9ptions.and enter.· ·into stipulations;. --'. . . . --:~· • .. :4.• Qffer prop9sal·. and options toward· mutually acceptable solutions and voluntary'setuernent; 5:: frepar~ tl)e · settlemenl · agreement' · in consultation with the p~rties; and
2019 SAN.SEDA l:A.'v\lCENT.Rp,LIZED.~AR OPERATIONS j .197
JURI.SDICTI-ON.AN·D_'R:E.MEDlES .
. ·. 6.
$/IN ~ED~.LAW 'C;ENiRAUZED OAR OPEAATIONS-
Exce:pton issues excluded. pursuant to Section 3 of . Rule , 1, oniy erido.rsed or r.eferred RFAs shall ·be 'enteitalned b1 ·a. La_bqr.Arbiter, or the ~ppropriate POLE office br agency that ha.s ].uri~diction over the issue/s (SENA /RR, Ru/~N,-Sec.7). ·
Monitor the voluntary-~nd faith~! cornplia'n-c:eof· the set\lement·agreenient (SENA fRR, Rule N; Sec •. 3).
ME¥DFl'f-AID-201f
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Pre-terrnlnatlon . of · the. 30-day Mandato_ry C.oncillation-Mediatlon Period Contents of.Referral Th·e-30-day.periqd maybe pre-tennlnated ori any of ." the fQllowing grounds: (WNR) · .· . · 1: . Names ot the parties; . . 2. · Summary ·of unsettled i.ssues to .the. office or· 1: Written W!thd_rawal 'by requesting. party which . .agency h_aving jurisdiction ov.er the. issue; and . · should -be reflected in· the· minutes of. the . conference: ., .. -, . . . . .: ·.: '3. · Date of thE:·~eferr.a} (SENA_iRR, Rule IV, Sec. 8) .. 2 .. !f on-appearance .of either the -requestinq party . or' the respondinq ·: party. . in :· 2 consecutive · .' Confici.Jntlallty P.r~ceedjngs ·atid M'inutes .. . . · 'seheduled ccinfere.nS!,15· 'despite'. due: notices; Information. andstatements given· in confldence' at . · unless there is a-reasonable gro.und for failure to the .. conclllation-rnedlation proceedlnqs shall ·be : appear; or . . . treated as privileged communication and shall'not tie ... 3; . Request for Referral to DOLE office or Agency ' · used as evidence tn ·a.ny arbi~ratiqn proceedlnqs, · · by \H~· requestlnq party or both 'parties prior jo except when··ther~.lswalver.of c;;onfidenlia.lity (SENA .. · '. the ¢xpiration oq~e 30-day_pe_riod·(~ENA IR~...,,=-~~~u/e./V, Sec -, 9). · .. · . . . · Rule IV, Sec .. 4). . . . ~ .,. ·1\.. ·"r ~. . . . , . . .. . , . fi~pe,c;ir ~eo.reco_(ders orany electranic recon;Hng . Termjnation of . Mandatory .Pf{l;qne-m~<J.l)E;-=~-=~S~ic..fs~ll~rohibited during. the proceedings . Mediation.Proceedings . · "-1',...(' ), ~i. ._.)~ . . · . (S'ENA...JBR. f3.Mf·W, Sec~ ,.9). . , . · . . Any · of_. the . folloWiJ'.lg 'shall ·,~~nct~~tti'(,,_~nA==~~~ ...... ~, proceedlngs closed and ter.r:nll"!§IID) '.lf' -to7c,:!se\ot~~1.ihi;?J).,'the vorce·antv1c;leo recorders j. Pre-termination of . the,1- o~'d. .mftlndatoty · .~ ~~,:ill _be ~onfisRctl'ed w\p,out·preju.d1ceto appropriate . cor.iciJiation-m~diatio.n prefq~edin' s; ortV~ legal actipo. (SE~(jf!.R1Rule IV, Sec. 9). . 2,. Upqn_co_mpliancewiththp-s~e '.en·ta~reement~1r-~-.-<"].. i '·. ·... . . . (SE"{fl. IR.R, Rule I.V;. ser!o}HP.: . . . ll si ~APr.oc~~~- •.o~ ... r,: ·' . : . .· ·. :
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l~suance of Refer:r.al ·. -~ {i~ ~ef~rr,al refers to the endo:r_~eJO,rn\bY.iB:€:baQafjp s~po of Uf'!Settled issu~~ \~!h$°.~OL K'~.~e\ _agency that·has. j~risqictiqn·_o¥er th.e\!ss1:1"'.{§ .· """".. l~R,. Ru/
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·. Ttie . SEADO ~hall · is~u.e: the ~f~rraj,~~"":lfi~j.'. ' : .: . ; .~~; , : . . : . : . :_ '. . , · .. . reques!i.ng pai::!Y· Y.V[thin 1- day undel}Jhi jml~Jfl9'-~ ~~ithi, 1/jayfrom ~eceipt, .Head of. Office circumsti;lnces: (EfN3} .... · . · -~~V j .. ·"hjlii' -·~ -~ '\;~~S,lG~~th_e·.RFA to a-S.~DO : . 1. :.sxpir~tion of ~l)e 30:day,m_anclatoFy condli~~oh- p. . i.l :·~ ···· . · ., · . · · - . · - . .. . · medla~ioi:i period, unless there !s a reqµest1<:r~~~·"*. - : . . . .. . . :.: . . . .. . extensiot1;. -'. · :_ .. ·.. · . ·. ,· :·. . . _Upon recelpt:SJ:APO.i;h~II scli¢'dul~wilhil]lhe d~y the_·;· . · . ~--- ·: ]:ailiire. of th~· ..p.arties to reaeh art c"9reerr,ent: . · .. · · l~ITIAI. _COl'ff ERENCE. an.d f!O,t!fy Parties: · . . . Witt)in the 3Q~aay: periad; ' · , I ·~,. .· , .. •. 3, N,on~appe~u:ance. qf,. the responding _-party in 2· S.EAPd ·conducts ·.cONCIJ.lATIOt'J-MEQIATl0N·' scheduled ·co1Jferen~es despite due not_i!'.:e.s; within 'a perio~rriot to ·exceed.30 dfJYS, e?(cept · . 4: N.00-~ettlerne!'li of 1 !)r so~e'i_ssuE!s,but .not all in . · · . ·upon agreement.of 'partie~. · - . RFA -,vith multiple i~sues; o·r · · · , .. -: · . · .... : : 5 . .'·Non~cpmpli~mce -wit.h the· Agreement· ($ENA- . . ' . }RR,:Ruie N, Sec: 6).. . IF:S·ETT~E;D,.RF.Ai;,closed.' IF NOT SETTLED, · . ~E.ADO ad:viseslhe pa'rtles'and.·i$SUe : ·· ·.· • . Referta[may be. rriade.to: .. . · ... REJ=ER.~1:-Jo_appr_o_priate.OQLEOfff6_e. ·.· 1: . _ Appropriate DOLE or agency;.'or . . • I\ _:2. Vofunt~ry Arbitr~tiori ·(SENA /RR, R-ule IV, Sec: .· ·, . · .. : . 6). .. .' . ·SEADG> 'prepa_r~s:.REPO~TS .·. N~ re(~rral ~hall be iss~ect Where th~ re·qu·e;tirig ·(o.b: No. 151-16). p~rty has with.drawn th~ .RFA. (SENA !RR, ~ule IV;
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Sec. 6).
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2019 SAN.SEDA
·
l:AW Ci;NTRALIZED BAR OPERATlo'Ns·
AND' REM.E.DIES
. 'JURI.SDlCTl.d.N.
. SAN'l1EDA LA.W CENTRALIZED.BAR OP.ERAJ'IONS.- Mq\,lORY:AID 2019 ~F
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,ti(· NATURE . .,6.N.D CONTENTS ·OF ·SETILEM~NT·
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NQte: The waiver and quiictaim duly signed by · both ··P.af1ies shall be . issu~d . or)ly upon full settleme.ntJ~E~A LRR,'Rule V, Sec. 2). ·
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AGREEMENT . . . , In the preparation of agreemarit, the SEADO shall.. : · 1. Make use· of lanquaqe or dialect . clearly. .. understood' by the parties;' and . . .. · . . Inform the parties· of the consequences qf the .acceptence of the settlement amount despite having knowledqeof his/ her rightful claims shall mean the absence of fraud; violence 'or coercion ... and voluntariness .of tlie settlement aqreement ·· ·•· · (SENA.iRR, Rule V,.Sec. 1)'. · · ·
·~:· .· . · . · . . · ·: . , . : :· . ·y,· ·The agreementstiould: (PAyVIS) . · .. ·. 1. In . case of fartial settlernent., include
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Effect of Settlement.Aqreernent : Any setttement agreern~nt reached by the. parties before the SEADO .shall be flnal ·and immediately execulory.. It shallbe binding on ·all-DOLE offices and. attached agencies except when the· settlement. aqreernent ·is 'establlshed to be contrary. 'to law. morals, pi.Jblic·order and publlc policy ($ENA /RR, Rule V, Sec. 3),. · · · ·· · · · ···· · No retaliatory action shall be 'takenby both parties · again~t each other (SENA !RR, Rule V, Sec. jJ, .
the
schedule of payments;·
2. Be 8tt~sted b,y'the $EADO; 3, Be reduced in.Writing; . · 4, '-.. !hd_iC?te-th~ "parties' voluntary ·a"gr.eerrierit. a~d.
Settlement·for a·show
There is settlement for -a show where· the settlement 'amount- is reported -to have .been taken :'. a.cc::;eptc!nc~ of t~e · amounts a~ {ufl/part,al. ,... back or confiscated ljy the respondlng party (SENA··. :. settlement, arid. , . . . ,,,<(• /RR,. Rule'V; Sec. 4): . . 5.. Be §igned by both partres (SENA IRR, .. Rule.':Y:~·/ ( . · .. . . .. · . . · .' .· : ·. Sec. 1). · . '. .· . . · . .. ~;;.,./.;.·:.r•\ In such case, both parties shall ,be..- called for · .. · . ; · · . - \ -, : . L/vi.:, 1·,j co.nfer~nce · by ·the. S~ADO · who facilitated the ~gre~men.t on monetary claims ans.mg.. ~.Pr~.••. , ·.~:t:-:-~r~t.l..e,ment;-;f~e SEADO s.hall verify the report and
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·. violations of, labor .. standards sh~II be·. fatr/,a,!19(J.r: ~r-e~ei,tt't.e1.r:e.sponding party to pay the requesting reason.able, a.nd not contrary to .l_alfl, PS!bhif,rr:iorals.• · P?rlY tfie-ful),•~ettlement amount with legal interest . and public policy (SENA IRR;_Rule, V,(~fic(1). . . reck.~ned f~,{>'i'i1~he. dat'e ·of s~ttlen:ient should there A. I,\.. be.substaQt,~l p:t;oofttlat settlement was fo; a show.
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.~otal.ity of the .cir.c~msta~p-f~~ .·. 'c,;~ : .. ·. t(. ~.:. [}:.}: _Settlem.ent ,Agree'11ent;. 2 .. Degree of,v.oJunia.nnes~, ~.r_:1-:J .. · compliance .. 1n·ca'se ofhpn-comp]ia,nce; tb.e .~~ADO
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effort.,-·to ~ffect the ... agreem:~t; .\ Types 9fSettle:ment Agree!he.nt ,, . shall· refer ,t for, er:iforcement.,w,th' f . . 1. Ft.i!I :Settlei:nent . :- Tti'e full payrJi'ent .pf,·(f_lle·~._:::.!!!.tt:i'~,NtRC/POEI\JOOLE f3egional Office (SENA ./RRr :· moi:,etary plaim anq/or reiristatem~nt i,n, c,.:~~~ of Rufe-V,,Sec. q). . · .... .. . . · · . } ' ~ermi.nation ·. . i5:sue:>1 · con~trLicthi'e'~~i~Jss.al/ · · · · ,;; illegal ·.susp·en·s1on, or complete pe_rforman.ce .of ·.,; I.·: ~';if.l.act sought for by.'th.e fo~iiesting.pa'fty .. ~ · .. ~ABOR ARB;i:TER.
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2 ... Paiti~I Seitl~men(--The.re is p~rtial..'sett/ement · . when. p_ayment. ·of moneta,ry ·-eraims' ,is by .. . installment ot in case of reinstatem'erit/ lifting of ,s~spension· or oth~f po~itive·' actipn soug~t · . by .t~e reql.lesting' _party·.sh~II b~ made- on a·: future _tlate ..agreed· upon: ·· · ·
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ARBITE.RS... · . : . . .. . . Uil?or Atbit~r: (LA} . is an official iri the Arbitration Branch.ofthe 'National labor 'Relations Commission . hears·ar:,d decides cases failing .. under . .. l']fs original anc.1.excl.usive jurisdictjo.r\ as.provided by
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· Qual.i.ficatio~s .of E~ec~tiva"· Labor Arbiter/s:
10) . In· partial settrem~nJ;. 'tt)e .' respo~ding . party is · re.$1i.iir~p to m~ka ~ report ~t-compll~r:ice.with the .. sc;hedule of paymen.t subject to v~rificatipn by . .the ·sEADO:° The RFA shall be deemed settled ;-, . . . .· after p~yment c:>fth·e. last'li'l.staUm~nt'(SENA IF?R, · ~· . . •. Rule. V; Sec. ;!). · ' .. . · . · ·
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:ART..IC.L.·~424/.'~URISDICTION
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Must be· Members of the Philippine Bar; ,Must' have gxperience or eXP..oSur~ in handling' 'labdr management .relations (or at least _ye·ars; · .·. ·. ·.and : ·.. .. . . · · .3. . Must h.ave been ehJJc:iged· in the practice of law in the Ph.ilippines for at lea~t 10 yi,?ars (LABOR · ·. CODE, ~rt. 222). ·
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(. 2019 SAN SEDA LAW. CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS
,I
199
JU·RI.S·DICTION AND·REME:DlES tE_NTRALIZED SAN"BEDA LAW
BAR OPERATIONS -·MEMORY AI0-.201°!)
Note: Labor Arbite~ shall.have the same .rank, · receive an annual salary. equivalent to' and be . entitled to.the same allowances, retirement and other benefits and priviieges as, those of. tl'ie judges of · the regional triai courts (LABOR· · .coce, Art. 2231:
Power;s. of the LA Besides their-adjtidicatory-powe_r to hearand decide cases ··aver.which. they have jurisdiction, the Labor· · Arbiters have: . •' · . . 1. Contempt power (LAf30R GODE; Art. 225 (d); -NLRC RU.LE$,Ri,te··1x, Sec. 1); and . . · 2·. Power · 10 conduct · ocular inspection (l;ABOR CODE, Art. 226):. . . Various
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Claims for actual, moral, exemplary, and other forms of Qamages arising from employeremployee relations (Nl:RC RULES,.,Rulev; :s.ec. 1); . . 7. !,!LP cases (NLRC RULES, Rule V; Sec .. 1); 8. · Wage Qistortion disputes ·in unorganized . establishments not. voluntarily settled' by the · · parties · pursuant· to R.A. . No. 6727 (N.LRC RULE_S, Rule V, Sec.ct}; · . ·Note: An'. unorganized· ·establishment ls one where no union has yet been dul.y recoqnlzed or. certified . as. ba.rgaining 'representative ·(2 . AZU.CENA,supreet 414) .
· 9. Qther cases as may be provided by I~~ (NLRC Note:· P·re~·iously; they· are'· al~p possessed. of RULES, Rule. V, Sec. ·1); . . . . . . Injunctive- power . .Thls ' graht of _ir'ijunctive power, 10. _C9ntested cases .under the 'exceptton clause of however, was deleted in recent NLRC Rules: The LA· Article 128Jb ):of the Labor.Code "(.Visitoriat'and· thus, has no more· injunctiv.e power, Only th~R~~"-;>'~w~cement powers of the !)OLE Se9retaiy);·. · has. that power (2 AZUCENA, ·supra at 79)~" · ~ 1" ~~ . . .: . · · . ~~"\ ~· ..._ '\/Npte:fl'h@Jurisdiction of the LA is found in the JURISCUCTIO~ • ; . . .:I?. ·,v·J,../"..---="'~~~~-ep_Jjoh}l?._use of Articl_e ~28 (b) where the Laws.C~>nfer.rmg J_ur1sd1ct1on.op..t{~, r~ __.-.==o-.T..., · e~oy~~eontests the findings- of the labor 1. Article"224 of the Labor Co,ge,;_ ~./~. / ...-~ ~1;, .="~em~IB~mcnt enforcement officer·arid raises 11 2.-· Article 124 of t~e Labor Qoa~famel)ded· issu~s sti_pp9r.ted\by documentary proofs which· · .R.~. No-, 6727;. .. . · · /1.. . ;- ; 1~ _wen?~not~~t~iger~,din thecourse of inspection 3. Article 233 of the Labor i
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The Jaw -preters · voluntary over compulsory arbitration. Art: -XIII, Sec: ·3 df the Constitution provides that . the .State · sha)I promote the
certification under the same (LABOR CODE, . . · . Wh.en· cases arise from the !n~erpretatipn orthe implementation . of collectlve . bargaining agreements and .frorn the · interpretation or··enforcement of company . personnel· policies· which shall be disposed-of by-the Labor Arbiter by· referrinq · the· same 'to _the griev~rice machinery and voluntary arbitration; as may be· provided in said. ·agreements· {LABOR .CODE, · Art.' 224 (c); NLRC R_{!_LES, Rule V, Sec. 1);·and_ . When the f.artie~ agree to- submit the case to voluntary _, arbitratlon . before a: . Voluntary Arbitration · or panel · of Voluntary t\rbitrators (LABOR CODE,Art. 275). . .
· Art. 278 (g));
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preferential !-JSe of .voluntary_ modes in· settling disputes," .inc.iuding ·. conciliation, and shall enforce mutual 'compllance- therewith to foster industrial peace:
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Where no l;r-Ee relationship exists·betw~en the parties· and no issu.e.'is involved which_ may:·f;>e·· resolved by ref¢rence. to the Labor Code, other labpr. statute~. or ·. any collecp\ie . bargaining agreement, it is the. RTC that. has jurisdiction .. · (L:iipahday-4.griculturafD.e_v'.t. Corp.· 9A. G.R. · 'No. 112139,. J_anuary.,31, 2000) ..
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.E~ami:,te"ofpas_esCogniza~ie by Reguiar Courts J"urisdiction over U!,.:P Cases ·1-. An employee. who. abruptly .resiqned 'can 'be . '".. The ~A hasjurisdlctlon over allunfairlaborpractices J':. sued for-Dan:iag·es.b~fore.r~gular courts (Eviota . w_hether committed· by· the employers or the· labor t. . _vs. CA,: GR. No. 152121," July29, 2003); . ,,.~) · 9rgan_izations. However, the LA. orily has Jurisdiction ·2. Ari. E:mploye_r.s co~plaint tor- rei~bursemen\f-ef,:>"./-i..:. 'over !he civil ~s~~ct of .ur:ifciir labor practice·•. !"'hich . _· trammg_, expenses· is · a collection of sum' _pf.-;(", .-h may include liabiflty for damages (LABOR CODE, m_o~ey based · on . civ\l laws (Almario · v.l;;f,1;(,,.';~,:;\ Ari-, 258). . . · · . · ·. : · · . . Atrllnes,,l,:ic., G..R. No· 170928, ·Septemberv11;:· .2007); ' '. ·. ·. . ·. . : : . !t.-fwi·t,~..9)t;;W.i,ti~ns of the."CBA .are no longer ULP 3.. A former em ployee_'s demand -~or p~y,rn¢.rof the;,:! [~ · unless~tlie7~me ar~ gro_s~ in character, which market value of the: car . 1ssu,eiii<-'io fonn~~\.~i·J means flag)f!P-\and/or malicious refu_sal to comply employee, e_ven i_f there is a p1eh.9j(ig ille~~~-~h- witll the e,{fopo~ic;: provisions. (LABQR CODE, Art. di$mi~s.~1 -case· before · the~;.-Lft,;,_,!1fs'mc;!d · 1'1 274) .. Jl ~ -\.\~ . . .' · · • • it' / . 11A •' c· B'"' N \., ;I • Comrr,unica 10ns, nc., . '!:,:,;9storga,lY · ,,,.;-~. · ~-·~l Junsd1gttonfpve~ll.egal D1sm1ss~I Cases ; . _4. . f. claim for . reimbursem~1;W ¢.:.-:~mon~~~y I'·'. l The ~f~~Jf:i'.g:;1,\1{fv:1a1<e. cognizance of termination benefits claims ~warded -~ng, to p~;P~.9 tOJ..~t~~ disputes_.. ,~/!D~'.le_xe~ci~eof their:respective original . guard. -e~pl
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~ . to an illegal· dismissal case (Maneja v: NLRC, G.R. No. 144013, June_ 5, 199.8); ·Article 224 is dee.med written into the CBA being· an intrinsic part thereof··(2 -AZUCENA, supra at .528); . . . Article 292(b} grants the rig_ht t_o the disnii$sed· employee to contest his tern:iination-with. the LA (LABOR GODE, Art. 292 {b)); ·.. . Estoppal confer$.jurisdi_ction oi') LA. (Odheda v. . CA, G.R. No. 85517, 9ctober 16; ·1992); ·apd. Failure of the employer to· activate grjevance machinery confers:. jurisdiction, on l,A . (AtlfJS · Farms v. NLRC; G.R. Nq. ·1.42214, November .. · . 18, WQ2}. ·' · . · '. . · __· ...
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~elationship. As. a ge~eral rule.' therefore;· a -~i~ only needs to be ·sufficiently connected to. the la issue rai~ed. a.nd must aris~ tror:n an emp10· employee relationship for the ·labor tribunals to h . ju·i'_isdiction. · (Milan v. N!-RC, (iR. No. 2029 February4,-2015): ·. · · ·· Distinction B'etween Ju,isdictton of VAa11d L. .. · . . ·over-Mo~ey Claims . , '. :·.
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. .'timited -only to.· those .arising. from: statutes. _or contracts 'other than a CBA (LABOR- CODE, · Jurisdiction over -Mon.ey Claims' .. Aft 224 (r:;)). . Money claims (alling within the._origin~I and · · exclusive jurisdiction of. the LA may. be: (ARO) . . . . · .1. · Ar:wmoner clai~;· rega~dless o( amo_tJnt, -~,,,.~-.,.,,.....:...""·.· ~ . · . . . accompanied with a claim of._relnstatem::.~t· (N~RC RULES,ROie V, Sec:1)"~.· .
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· Note: This falls within the juri~ 1i.tio'A-~.~-tl)~ .· · .· , .· . fi~ s~nce. it ·is principally a te~,~~fol6_!if·~i~pfl(e ..,I~~rNet<::~~?<~(f -.ci•:rn . m_ust arise out of_ ·Er-.~~tr . s1tuaJ,on_ presuppo_sed_ll~a/fJ.!:"P-t~B,f~~-lfr'~m ,~~. · 'l~"' {.(3)allon~.hJP~\9rf(@i\(,1nc1dent of such relatlonsh1P:;l1 termination case, 1t bemgi,act:!"Ql1}9arne,~ wilt,!?' .©)herwis1~, ju-(~j'Jicti,ot\ is ··with the regular c.ourts-·1~ claim for reinstatement?CHA/V,-RE'(l5WER, -·~·, (Par¢d.es1v. .F~ c,f:J.f~'€;,hildren PHL; tnc., f3,R. ·No'0t supra.at'652): ;1 f 1tr4""3'g.i.,-Septerr-b.er9.t~2.015).·. · . · .: . ':}"{' , . /, µv h ~ilfi'.,-..._..· 1 _.. -~'- ·.J \ F""" " ., . : ·';_'} 2. "Any l)ion?Y· "cl~im, Bf3~i~w,is ·_of \Wh.et~~(,C -~oLi j£~9ionaffl(!}irEi~\~~ or the duly -~uthorize~( accory,~an~ed with a c:La1~-fQf. re<~s¥.t~~~hl·~hea!Jni~~ftiersJl ~rEl -~frlpo\Yered,· in ·a ·.summaFf.I ex_ceecj1~g th~.. a~oun~· ~e~t~!nt~-~• ~,roce¢9Jagi tq ~ear.--..,,~g ~Seide. cla°i'"!'S for recov~r~?t. -. (LABOR cp()E; Af!. 129)~ ~~,; \ · .· ~~ 9~,nd. ott,er· minetary claims and· benefits,;.~ ·· Note:-The cll:lim does not\.~cessi)fily.a_~~~iJ.?1 Jeg.}lf int:ereft•. owJng to a~ emp(oy,e~"Or;~f or involve._ a termination· caie;. but 'be~~r'~~ei:~~em.BJ6'yed ·11\.po.r:nestr~ or household se~1ce\i; amount: ~xceeds P,5,000,: ~t f~II~ ~~in~~f'r.-i,.'1"18f.~J.O)(froti;i~. _r~~e -elat1ons~1p (LABOR -CODE, Af!:·tf· . jurisdiction of the LA:(CHAN,-R&,VIE'?ft/'S..'!P!~~,,;/< '\)°~ · ··. ··. .. , . · ·· ·:__:~;., a(662;603).· · · :-!/ · · ·· . : . · -. . ·. · .-t.f; ... ~~-~[sf.1~!9 -0ver cor:itested Cas!')_s · . . . , ·. . _. 3 .. M9netary claims of gvers.~as contract '0.~~~ · l:. 1:E::&~m:,~in cases_ \_Vhere.·the ~mployer contest~· th~}:' .arising ..·fro_m_ employ_er-employee· r-elations ·ifs~finciings··qph~ labor employment:ahd_ e~foi:ce.mens~ provi<:led-.. by. ·Section_'. 1 Q. of . ~:A.-.. No, · 8042. ·. · _.officer an~ rai$es \s~_ues·supported ~Y. d()Cur;ne.,:itafY,;~f. amended qy R,A .. No .. 1.0022 (NLRC RUL;E$,· proofs which were ·not con~!dere<:l m the cours~ o(_f Rufe V,-Se'c. 1). · -~-·· :- . inspecti90; .the.". 00Lf:: . $ectetaiy. or his . doly:J · •' · · ... . authorized . repFeser:i°tativ~s.·· shall.: issue, _writs· Of;'.\~ N~.te':-The i.Ssue of dedt1ction.'for tax .pi,frposes i.~.:.. · ~xec,l)tioti for enforce'rnent iof their- o·raers {L/J,-BOR:}j . intertVJined'with the m·ain issue ,of whether .the··. COOE;.Art. 128 (bj). . . · .. · · . · :)1 benefits: have. been fllll/ pai<:l. It-is, therefore·,.a · · · · .. ·· . . . ·· . it. . money. ,c;laim ari~ing · from·. an. e~plbyer-. :Requisite~ tQ- 0iv~st:Regl9'na) -Oir~ct~rs oi-·thei_r:}, employee .relations.hip, ·.whict,. falls ·wi!hin .tti~ ·· Representatfves :Jurisdiction~ (CEV). . · : ·' \.:·i .. ·juri~diction of. the Labi:ir" A~biter -(~a.n_los ·_v. . . ·. f .. Th.pt th~n~mployet~ontests the find_ing~'cif the")H . Servier PHL, "G.R.. No;. 166377; November 2_8, . ·. labor." regulation~ ·o.fficer _am:I rais~s· · i:,sue..s.-.j 2008). . ·..... : .,_· . . ·.''· the(eon; · :.._ . . · . . . :: . : · . . . )} . ·. 2. -'That:in Qr'der fo re~olve·s.uch ·i~sues, there is a' >·1•'j • .. '\·. • . ,• . . .. :·Q·laims Ari'~J.ng.f~om. ~r~Ee,R~jatfo~s_hlp ln'ci~des . need to Exatrune ev1d.entiary matter$: arid·· ... · · :i .Employers' ClaimS:J\gainst an ~mployee . . 3. . That such:· matters are. ·. not- yerfflable ,in the· Claims a.rising_.· from·. an ei:nptoyerl_employee· · · norm ell .. c'ocirs.e · ·of · insp~ction- _· {Ex-Bat-aan/.j . relationship ,are · ncif limited to· claims : _t;iy . an Vetera_ns Se_curftyAgenczy'.· Inc., 1v.. _S~cretaty·.,of_..:-~ · employee .. Employers.may also hav~ claim~.against DQLE, G_.R. No. 16_2396, Novem~er 20, 2007). :··); · the employee, wl:Jich- arise from : .th_e .-. same . . . . . : i
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relationship. As. a g~r,eral :ruie.' th.er~fore;·..a ·~lalm. only needs to be sufficiently connected to. the. labor issue raised and must arise fror:n an employeremployee relationship for the Iabor tribunals to have [urisdlctlon.. (Milan. v. NL.RC, G.R. No. 20~961; February.4, 2015).· ·. · · · ·
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to ao illegal ·disl'T)i~sal case (Maneja v, NLRC, G.R. No. 144013, June. 5, 199.8); · 4, Article 224 is· deemed written into the CBA being· an intrinsic part 'thereot (2 -AZl:JCf=NA, supra at .5'28); . . . ·. . . ' . : 5 .. · Article ~92(1:i} grants.:th1:1 _righ.t to the dismissed employee tocoritest his termination with the LA (L:ABOR CODE, Aft. 292 (b)); ..· · . · . · 6. Estoppel confers. jurisdiction Of'! LA .(Ocheaa v. · CA, G.f?. No. 85517; Qctober 1~; ·1992); and . 7. Failure of. the employer to· activate grievance machinery· confers' .jurisdiction.·, oil LA (Atlas ··Farms'.V. NLRC; G.'R: No. ·11122!#4,.November .. ·.. 18, 2092),:: ': ·. ..
Disti~ction B'etw~~n J'uF.isdicdcm of VA.~nd LA ·over·Moriey Claims. ·-' \ . . · ·.
-'Umited .only to·. those Those 'ansing'f(QJJ'l-: .. .arising. from 'statutes .. or a.· .lnterpre!c1tion .. .or . contracts 'other' than a implementation of the . . :, . . CBA . (LA.Bok~ COOE,· "CBA;."'ahd .t .. ', ·. · Jurisdiction ·ov.er Money:Claims: ... . Art, 224 (p)). b: · Those . arising fror:ri ·· .Money claims f.alling-w.itt,,n _{he.,origiMI and . . the . -in.terpretati9fi and - exclusive jurlsdlction otthe lAm~Y:be: (A~or ··· · · . · · . . enforcement . · · "of . _ 1. · -~ny.moi,ey Clai~,· reqardless 0'..~m_ourit, '-~"'~"°'""":; ~~ .: , ' company . ': pers.onnel .. acccrnpantedwlth .a .clalrn of ..reinstaten:i~,lilt"'r 1f ·'f \ '1r ·::::-"""' ' . . policies (LABO.f? CODE, · (Nl,RC-RU~Es_, Rote vsee.. 1); .. ~ ·~· U ··.Art. 274)-. ·. · .
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Note: This falls within the juri~El.l~ion~f.-ttie"~t.'A .. · '· . ~ .,;. '\.:· . . ·. . · : . since itis'prlnclpatly a tetmi,l)titfb.'1'1-qi~ptife.,,,J".t!.0~Not~fvhW~~?c1~1.ri must arise out ·of Er-i:::e . situa~i~o- pres1:1ppo_sed .t~alfjt~~ie~sffr~m -~at1oh:5fiP\~~.g,~,,in.?ide~t of such rela_tionship. · .teri:n.matlo.lJ ~ase, 1t be1n~7,,acc0~,panie,.EIwit!, Ala .:-.411~- .. ©'.the~s~. JUF!s~,c~or.,\ 1~ ·with. t~e. r.~~ular ~~urts claim for r~mstatementg(C~Az -REflE.WER, ·,!<,~ (Pared.~;\v.-F~~(~1'?J6h1ldren PHL,_Inc., G.R: NO, supra .af.652). :. ·1 i "-"f'lf.4?J9,.-'septemf ~rfl.i~015). ... .. ... · · #~ ' \ -.;;,~........,.: I t-?.7 f ~. ··~ ·. . · · ·. 2 .. ·A.ny r:n~n~y. 61~im, }s · .~r r'~ef'W~_, Lf:~(bi_:~·J/egional: Qife&t~~s or tl:le iul; .;~thori;ed acc.o,r:n~a.1J1.e.d with_ a ._c 11.11[~.J r~ss.t~t~~·eHt·~~arin!(.!f~~ers/J ar~ .tE'lfTIPO~e_r:ed,, In a' summary ex.cef!dmp _the, a.~ou_n~- / Pt~.&>o e~&rt~!r.tw.; (l>~~ftffe°wtnetary claims ·and benefits, · .. Not~:-The cll3im does not'°1e9ess!i~ly.a_~ r:}rl'(ef_~~g"Jeg~f int~r~st,. ow~ng Jo an. enip.l9_ye~".or. ·. or involve. a.fermination·~e;.l::iuCb~q~us~~l=l~~~o emJ?)6yed "\;,d'~r;restl~or household service, amoimt'·,.,ex~eeds e_s,ooo. :-:it._ f1;1lli:; wit~i · ~t~lENfe[l.s-!!mfr9fn ~r~~~el~t~ons~1p(~B0R ..urs~ of . Rufe. V, .Se'c.. 1) ... · '; · .: · · · ·· · inspecti90i .tlie·. DOLE;. : Sectetary · or his .. duly · ·. · ·: . · ... · . . : · . . · , . . .' : . · ; .. authorized . repFeseotatiV~S..' ·shall' ·issue viirits ·. Of ... No.ta';:fhe issue of.de.d\;ICtibn:for ~ax p1,1rpo.ses is.·:. · execU.iiori'for eriftirc~men'tiof their- orders .(L!'!.BOR .. ,inte,:twiri.ed·w;th t~e JT1ai~ issue- of whether. t~e·. CODE;:Art. 128 (b)). · ·· · · . beneffts have .. been.fully paid . .It is, :ther!ilfore, .a. · · .. :- . . money. cfair:n atl~ing . from . .'an e~plqy,er- : . . 'RequJsit~s ~Q-·D,v~st' R egic;>t'!~~·Pir~c.~~rs their employee...re)lations.hip, .:which, falls within ..tf.l~ · · rtepresenta~iyes of 'Jurisdiction.~(CEV). · ·: ' . . : · .·jurii:;diction· cit the La_b.qr A~biter (San_lQ_s·.v.·. . ·. ·· 1. .Th._at the :employe'r:.~9ntests the findifl9S of the · .. . Servier PHL, 'G.R.. {Yo; .. 166377,· November '2.8,. labor r~gulatioiJ~ · offi.cer .· ~no ri:lis~s· · i~sues · · 2008). '. · · . : ·.. ·: · · · .thereon; · ~- ·. .·. : · . · :' : · · · · ·. ·: 2. · Tha.t-io order fo resolve ·s.u'd:i'1ssues, there 'is a' · :·Claims Arfs,ng'. ~.r-:~e,Rejatiori~.tilp ln'd~des need ·fo- Examfne evideotiary matters; anci· . , ·. · . .Emplo.yers• Clalm$•~galnst ~n l;mployee . .· 3 .. That. such:·· m.atters ar'e ··not: ·y:erifiable .in the Claims aflsing. ··.from· . an er:nploy.er1employee . · · norm~I · ·cocirs.e .'of ···in.sp~ctiOI')' .· {Ex-Bataan_ relationship .are · riot· ·Hmite.d to· claims ... ~Y. . an . · Veterans SecurityAgency, -Inc., 1v .. s~cretary:or. emp.loyee.. Employers. may also hav~ claims' against DOLE; G,R;·No: 1€23Q6~ Novem~er20,- 2007) .. ,. the employee, which. . arise from .t'1.e . · same
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. ~ ·. all the requisites are present, and 'therefore,. the Habor standard case .Js covered by the . exception ;:c1ause, the Regional Director ~ill have. to endorse fthe C<\Se to the appropriate LA (E>t~~ataan·veterens !{$1;cutity Agency,. lnc.; v.' Secretary ot DOLE, G.R. ·.;;)Jo. 162396,. November20, ·2007). · · ...
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F.iHng.- of a tompiai.nt to·· declare· the illegality of. the strik~ ~r ·lockout· with. the· I-A or Voluntary Afbitrator or panel of Voluntary Arbitrator '(LABOR CODE, Ait. 224. (a) (S))i · . . 3, Filing - of ·an !njunction . petitlon with the NLRC (LABOR CODE;Art .. 225 (e)); .. 4 .. ~ssumption :of j~risdictio~ by . the DOLE ·. Secr~tary (LABOR eODE, Art. 278 (g)); 5. .Qertiflcation of the labor dispute to the NLRC . . (LABOR CODE, Art:.278 (g)); · ·. . ·: · 6. 8ssumption- of Jurisdi.ction:over a ·nalional case .. ·.by the· President (LABOR-COD~ • ."f\rt. 278 (g)); · . .7_. Submission ·of a.. national· ·interest .case to a ~ · ·.. yoluntary' arbitration· '(L'ABOR'CQDE, .Art. 278 . . (h})..... · ..
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:Jf-:iurisdiction·o~er:CJaimiffor Damages ... ·c1a101s for. 'damages under Article 224· of ttie Labor . Code, to be, coqnizable by the· L.A. .must have. a :reas~>naple ·corir:iectfon·· With any· of .: the claims :piovided-'for in .thatarticlecOnly if there· lasuch.a ':~,· connection· with· the 'ether clalms can a claim for. rl° damages · be considered ' arising. from .. Er-Ee· ,i · re·taiio:nship (PH . Airlines . · lnc., ". v.. Airline · P.ilots . Association "oqhe PHL, .G. R. No: 2QOOBB, F.ebiuary .0 :2{51 2018).. Jurisdiction over ·c~ses .. tn:volving . L99fsfated } . , . . . ·. · .. · · · · Wage tncrsasas and Wage .Dl~tortion Claims for actual, ·moral-an~ exemplary and other . . t. .r~. -9.rgani~¢d _e!it:3bl_is~m~n.ts (~st~blish_m~nts. '.( form~ of damages thatmay b'l: lodged by QFWs are wherE~· ~here -~re existing .CBA_ or recognized _ ·:.;~ coqnizabte by the Labor Arbiters (R.A. No. 8(!~~1{?\. ·. · bargaining unions) - Voluntary Arbitrator or· .sec .. 1-0, as ,1rriended:by\R.A-No: 10022): 1'ri.,. · :p~nel of _:Y°.tun!~ry. Arbi~ators,: ·after the ;-< iii't1 . · grievance procedure in the CBA failed to settle }· Jurisdiction. over Lega_lify_ of· Strikes ~nd·.···\11·/~r.Jhe·ca~~-(LABOR CODE, Ari. ~24). , Lockouts... ·.· · . . · .. f>fr~ l:,:~/11_;~'.i!~;~'!P~~~J!l-li:zec_:l.establls·hm_ents -.·LA, a~er the :i;. Generat· ~!-,lie: Th0,.:.lA has the-power .~9-~¢ermme>-1 p_artie{·'r,i;_id the NCMB failed. to. correct the ::· questions inVolv1rig:~ega!itr ~r illegali~t-'?t·a,s_tril<e~r,'·t..);1 . distorti~_fl((~BOR.COD€, Art.. 124). · ~-:; lockout -upon .·the f1l11Jg 9f a prpper ·«oJJ)plam~ _an~i-l · . \t . · .· · . -~. · a~ter ~ue. pro.ceedings (N~MB. ··P_,jfJ/ir )!it:=$1rik~,. · -~url~.di~t);'~ntov~:Er:if~r~eme.nt or Annulm~n~ ·of ·:: · -P1cke!mg ar,d Loclfout; Na: 22)1,"F~eep~pioy.er,, 10..., . 1'A· Co1:rr~r0Jnls1_Ag~~em_ents .. ·· .. · .. : : . -~ case. of a strike, qr, the· _u_nio~(i~-9ase:~!'
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. 5. : gmployees of cooperatives; ·
Ju.riscHction ovt:r Cases· oj Of:.Ws : . R.A. · No. aD42· conferred or-iginal· and -exclusive jurisdiction upon LAs to hear" and declde all claims arising from Er-Ee retatlonsbip or by virtue bf any law . . or contract involving. Filipino. workers for overseas deployment, incl.4ding actual; 'moral, exemplary .• and .other forms of damages (CHAN, R.EV/E,WER,·supra· . a't 665). · · ·
Note: LA has jurisdiction 'only over monetary claims. -and illegal ·dismissal claims, put- not clalrns ·or termination of membership .(CHAN, .Reviewer, sr..ipra at '670). · · · 6-.". £ounterclaims qf emplcyersaqainst employees · (B~nez v. Vafcjevilla, G.R No. 128024; ,May 9, · .. 2000);' . . .
· Note: .if there Is a 'cBA b~tweeri Jhe foreign employer and the bargaining unlon pf the OFW, the, . jurisdiction oyer .rnonetary · clatms · of-the dFVlis . belongs to the. VA, . arrd-:'·Iiot to the· LA"- (CHAN, REV/EWE~, supra at 665). ·. . '.
The. LA· has· ·NO Jurisdiction over (FIIG-GWaMITTF-CCC):
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1. · . Fo~eign governments except wh~n. the function >¥ the foreign. entity partakes 'of the nature 'bf a: . Oth~r. Issues .over-which LAs ha~e·.Jurisdiction: .· . . proprietary activity, it implledlydivested itself of. . . : (GAP-DEC)· ... · · : .: ·. · · ·· · its -sovereiqn immunity from suits '(JUSMAG". 1 .. · Employees- of §O(;Cs · Without orig,in'al: charter · · :.PHL v. NLRC, G.R. No.' 108813, December 15! ' • (PalolJla.I(. PH airlines, lnc., GJl No: .. 1484.15,!,.,_:.,.~~994);.. . . ·· · July 14, 2008); - · . .. . · : . . r- . . , , ;!nte(rj_~tion'al.agencies or orqamzations (DFA 'V: . . ..· ... ·. : . . .•. ·. •.• ·~ I\ -, J\/NIJR~f:?·No. ?.13191, September 18, 1996), . . 2. Disputes involving Allen parties; ~)} £__:~-==-~ !~tra~cog,G~ate disputes which ·fall. under. P:D .. · .. .' . · 1 · ', • • ·\t•· Y~ · ., : · · ~q._ 9~~'aYlqnow fall-under thejurisdlctlon of · • Note·: Tl:le choice of applic~ le"I~ _,9:fasJ,Jiear~~~1:1~-cb9't!:.i,·pursuant to the new Securities some relationship. -to Jl).t\Oa{ti.9s .<#. th~\» ,""if~- jt·'·R.eg).i)a'ti~l'\~~E\(Locsinv. Nissan. Car Leese transac_tion (Asia·lh(em_atJona1"-~!/'id~rff'corp ... Jl · m:-. PHL\ ~o.~567;(!cl~ber 20, · 2010); ·. MondeJar, G.R. Nos, 10fl.929-3f Dec mbe~~~· . . .e . · .. ,'\ (JJ .. P . . . · . 1994): : · -~ II · --:--· . · 'liflj'i · ,-Ratel When~t~~-P.-¥:1~on oismissed or terminated ~-'11 : : ~~~. lm .~-'-)_!:;:is.ap.rporat~'t!:ffi-v,·.: f'..-. . . . . .. . · · · > • • , . . not re1aie~ to thE:l pr~qtlc~. of".{-e.ill'IJI , ~·.m-=4!''''°'.J~X'~~tr~Q.,.65one.y cla,.ms .c!gain.st ~over~rnent · .. REVJ~WER,· .P· 669).· A~·. such;~£_(s te, i-VA'A..~~A,,.~LRr;;, G.R. No. 1'94269, Nove.mber..1.1, .• .. · .throµ.gh t~.~.l.:Aand the:~~RC., .ha.~·th'En:i~ I ;.L: -...J.S~); . · . · . ·: · · ,· .. · · . . . .. · . : .. take c6gnrzance . of . the· · case ·. ~o .. deter:mme=~.Cases ,rnvolvmg §QCCs· w1fh orrg1rial charters . :wh~the'c the ::'church; ·as.· efn~.loyer," righJfully . ·. . . which aregovem'ed. b,Y:cjvil.setyice law, rules exer6is!3cl ·' .its management ·pre~ogat1ve to .regulations (CON.ST.;Art. /X-B, Sec. 2 par.-1); dismiss :·thef r~ligigl.is.,mini~ter.as··. its . ertjploy~~ . ·6. .' Lqcal 'Water district (T[!rijay Water· District .. (Ai.Jstila v. Nt;Rc; G.R.. No. 124382, August .16, ·. · ,': . ··. .. · Gaba,tt:m, '. G.R,: No .. L:-6374_2, April · 17, 1,989); 1:~99).. . · ' . /. ·. .'.. . · . ·. . . · · . . . . . . . except. -wh~re· .NLRC jur-isdiction is· invoked · · · '· (Z.amboariga City Water. Dist'ri.ct v. Buat, GR. . · ,.·4, Qom~sticwor\<ers·o,kasamb~hay;. r ·fl!o.104389, May 27, 1994);.: ... ·. · . · .. . 1 .. Tt:ie ·ijggre~ate Money cl~im .doe.s l'.l.or excee~ ·: ,Note.:\.A ·h~s .jurisd"icti~n 'if t~ am~unt of claim .. · P5,000 pesos. and' .without claim ·fqr · ·exceeds· P5,000; otherwise, juosd°lction:is .with.· , · feinstatern'ent.' (Rajah ·Humabo.o- :Hote't1 ·Jnc: v'. .. DOLE ·Regii:m.~I D.ireqt9r' ·(CHAN,. Rev(eV(er;.· · . 'Trajano, G.R. N,os, 100222-23.' September 14, · · sapra,at 669}'. ··· ·. · . ... ,· . .. · .' .:... _ · '• 19.93); ·.. ."· . .. . . ·. . . 8. . Claim · of employee fQr ca.sh ·priz;e u'n9er. the i·. 'IRF{ Do~e~tic' ;~ct .pr~~ides' t~?t· all ' !rmovation Prog,ram .of .the company, although ·. rabor~relate'd'disputes ',shall pe ·filed· b~fore the .. ar.ising from empl<;iyet-errJployee.. relationship, is· ... · .DOLE; Field/Prov1ncia)/Reg'icll1'al 'Office havi.ng one requiring ·appl[cation of gen'eral civil..law on .. juFis~iction over the worJ
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Cau~e of action is based on quast-dellct or which 'has no reasonabte connection with any 'of the claims enumerated In Article 224 of the Code 'such as complaint for damages . for malicious prosecution _against the employer (Pepsi Cola Distributors of. tn« PHL., "Inc. v. Gal-Jang; G.R. N9, 89621, September 24, 1991); . 1 o. Complalntarisjnq from 'Yiolat(on of .a Iraining · · . ·a·gre·ement (Siiigap<;,re_· Airlines, Ltd. v. Pano; . G:R. No.. L-47739, June 22, 1983): . . · 1.1 ;. Whe"n ·the LaborArbiterls ah lnconvenlent forum under the':_bo_drine of forum. Non Conveniens .(Com_municationM_atefig_ls:&" Desig_n,'tnc:v. CA, G.R. No .. 192223,-Augusl'22,-19~_6).·. .:
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a. That .it· is expressly §.tipulated · in the overseas employment contract "that a specific for.eign Jaw shall gov~rn; · ·· · · · b. That the torelqn law [nvoked must be proven before the courts pursuant-to the Philippine rules on .evidence; . . . . c. That the foreign law stipulated in ·the overseas employment contract rriust-Not be· contrary . to law, morals; good -~ustoms, public· .order.. or P.L!bfic:-. policy of the Philippines; and . . _ . . d. Ttiat the overseas: employment .contract . must be ·_erocessed th.rough the- P.OEA (IPAMS v, De :Verc1, · G.R.· No. 2_05703, · Marcn·07~ 2016). · · ·
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Ncite: Under the ·Rule of Forurri on Non· Cc:iflvenlens, Phllippine Court or agerjc;:y .m~¥ 12. Termination of_ membership in a _g_oopeiatiye assume-jurisdiction over the case if it-chooses to organized. under RA. No. 69~8·;· otherwise · ~ . do so: provided: (CD!=)" . .. . ·. · . known as.. the Cooperative · Code of· the · a.". "(hat the 'Phlllppine Court is one to which the .r: Philippines. (R.A. Np. 6938, Art. 30); · -,.- .· . parties may Coriveni_en~ly resort to; - · . ,.1(~/"} · 13. Constitutionality of _g_BA Provisions. (Hafagil(!fia'· ·. ~~. b. ,That_ the Philippine Cou,:i fs in. a. positi9{tot,/,,\ · v. .PH Airlines, tnc., G.R,· No. :1-7201'3, October2,_ ,~_·· make-an i_ntelligent De.e1s1on as to th_e1,la.~.- _. ,·.,). ·2009); arrd · ·· · ~ · , and the facts; and. · · . · .... · ·J,.)A~._Thbse.,.,c,?vered by the rules on. _g_or.porate ~c:· G. That the Ph_ilippi~e.coui:t has ?r. IS hk:~l9'~!?~· /1\:_;_._~_:tel;lat>iOt~tjon(Molina v. Pacific.Plans, lnc., G.R, have power to!;nfqrce its c:!ec1s!9n;'.(Mam1a~"·t No:-'1•€>!31_.\6, August 15, 2011) .. _ · i<:Hotel Corp.· v, N1'.fJ.C, G.R:.•-;~pr 12007'.~l-.! j,F)N. . 0 ·_ • .. October_.13; 20'00). . \/~-(l_· . .,,;..:> _Note: All cJ~i{hs~~ga(ns~·a_.~ist_r~ssedcorpora~ion are. ~/ · · _ ·, · ... : · ·_. -. .. .:i~I,. f ... ,s-..,t' l"'f.. suspend~. ijTh~- 1_nd1~cnminate suspen~1~n .of ·~~ !h_e_c_o11tra~tual ct,o'.ce_of law ,s_~~.,r.a._eter1)1-Q,aJ_i,ve of f• ~ actions ;jfor~ clauns inter.ads .. to · expedite · the ('-. ·. Juns91ct1or:1 _ancUhat.,t m_erely 9~.f~mln~~~ha~law I~--- l;j rehabiliJ;itioriH of ~e · di:>tressed. c;:orporation by. ~_- ._ ·ap.pJ1~bl~ m· the. c.a_s_e .. The.~:;,,.µrt,;E.':il~~!;l.J?.he~~~ enall!{~~re:;.i'D°:$.~pgeme,:it· com_mittee or-._ th~ ii!_ · doptnn~ m .Ronfhc~~ o_f laVl'.. ~~~_s_,:w~~,r.E:J~e. P~-~ · _-t,-·/ · rehabilitati.on.'...r.e,ceiver to effectively- exercise · its }. .ll]~Y re~u~e_-_1mpqs1tj~n on its !u~1~1fP.Q~)~~re it 1_'s -· I:'/ powers free trqm any: -judic_ial o·r ex:trajudicial ~ _· not !~e most fOrJ'(er}let\f_ Or al(a1laoJ~~rfo_rum;~11d ~!fl!=) . p;_inj~fference.that might unduly hinder Or prevent-the _· _;; Pc!rt1es ar~ not precluded fr?m: see~t?.i/~~~1es..-,tl;,,.,.,·r~s~11e:-;;,PL t_he debtor _aon:ipany. The -Rules .on 1, ·.. else_wh.~_re. While. the _Phfl1ppJn:es·-~~pe~ts./A~~---u1c!.'Gl:>t-pofaTo....:Rehabi_lltation unifprmly applies ·to_ all {. P,13rtres a_uton.ory,y I? C?ntract, ~UC~ r_E{~PE:C~r-realc:I actions· f_or cla_il'ns ~IE:d against a · carporati_..on, · not . ,be. so - perm!ss1ve. as. to . Jqs~~~~_!g~t. ?f . partnership or assoc1at1on under' -managen:ient · or ·cons1der~tions:of law, morals, good customs;"'.~ubhc:: receivership, without distinct[o·n_ exciept· .those. order cir P':]bJiC, poliqy_1(4Sa2uod1ia5/·· R.ebesencio, G,.8. . expei:is.es jncun;ed in thE! or~inary course.ofbusiness. r:; · No. 198_!587, ~anqar:y , . ,_.,., · - · . . (Molfna_ v.- Pacific Plans,· inc., G.R." ..No. 16~476, f · - · · · . · · · · · · August 15, 2011). i'i-· ·.. In so:,uling, lhe,Co_urtcited'·tti~t the .all thei- requisites ~· for the exercise-of jurisdictiqn: are. present su·ch -a~_
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AH.lbe parties a~e baSed-.o~.. -the. .E.~ilippin~s i:: : . and 'all material incident_s. tral')spireq in this ~ · ji.lrisdiction; · . _ ·-. . :· · . · . · ,·.. :'.·· ·. · b:- The Philippine.Tribunals ~re \n 'th~ positio_n !-· · · .. ··:tp,make· an intellig~nfQe·e1siona~i'to. th~ law ~· . at)~·fac(s; and'· ·:; · ·.. . . . · c. Philippine Tribun~ls-can _sn:force its (;lecisior:i f ($a_udia v. RebesericiQ,· ~.R. ·No. 19587, . Jah~arr 14, ?01-5) .. · . · . ·' •' _ _-.. . , .
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Requisites· -for a- Eoreign ··La_w .io· .govern Overseas Eniployme'nt Contract... ·. .. A-'fo"relg·n Jaw .may ;govern overseas employment corifract when the followin!:frequisites are present:
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ARTICLE· 220:. NATION.AL· LABOR.. R.ELATIONS'. GOMM.ISSION. . . . • The NLRC is an.-administratlv_e quasf,.judicial bo_dy,_ var.id \he priric_iP.al government.a!;}ery9y_ttiat h~ars ar,id decides ·l_abor-m;mag~ment disputel>. It is attacheo to the DOLE for program and: policy co.ordination only (LA!?.OR CODE, Art 220, as"amer,qed by R.A.. No,· 10741). . .
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.J-URJSDICTION·ANO.REMED·IES SAN SEDA LA_W CENTRA~IZED BAR OPERATIONS - MEMORY AID;:J.019
The members nominated by the workers arid employers organization shall divestthemselves of any· affiliation with, or interest in the. federation or 'assoclatlon .to ·which. they belong· (LABOR' CO.DE, Art. 220, 'as am_ended):. .
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1·. One Chairman; and , 2. Twenty-three Commissioners (LABOR: CODE, .. Art. 220;as.amendecfby R.f'. .. No. 10741).
Note: Eight members each shall be chosen only from. among the nominees -of the workers and . : Note: The ccmposltlori of the NLRC is 'trisectoral. ·. employers orqanizatlon. The Chairman and. the . . ·7 remaining members shall come preferably . ·· · Trlpartism is the representatiort.of the three sectors. from the public sector, with the· latter to 'be . . .; in th'e policy-making bodies of the· government ·. chosen .from among the -mcurnbent labor :··. ·namely.(P~T): ', ' · .. A'rbiters·(LABOR CODE, Art,: 220, as amended). 1. .p_ublic.-or 9·9vernment;· .. , . . . 2.. .!;_mployers; and" · ·. · . . .· Coin~isirion en-bane . . . . ·3·: Ihe\york'e.r.s·(l.A~ORCODE,·Ar.t.·290): :fhe COmJi,Jss·;on Shall sit en bahc 011ly for purposes · · · ~ · · · ·· · . of· . . Tliefe ·is ~o : need. for ·'the C9ni~ission.. · on . 1.·. Promµlgati~g rules and regulations governing ... · Appointments confirm the position's in the'NLRC. the hearing and· disposition. of cases beforeits ·such requirement· '\i'as<no .,cons.tl.tu~i'onat. basts Divisions 'and Regional Arbitration ·Branch~~""=-~...:.~~roh_ ·v. · Ceret«, .G.F?: No ... 9.1636, Apri/ 23;
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~~1~u_latio~ · of. . ··p~li~!~s·· a~_~efrn;,;s . -adrnirustratlon and ope-rations ([!lfBcJ'ffiq9~ ...=: _.,,.~e '.:fre~iP:fJP!"-\.9._fat· least 2 Cornrnissioners of a .Ari. 2?0, as emended}. · . /~ .'\.,~- - . · DivlsrOQ_,~al.lJ,@{!stitute a quorum (Calderon· i,:• ~':-~_ljo'::9/tfj36, April 23, 1992) .. · .: . · En Banc Session~ ,"h ,if 1rn · 'T . w \ '\:" 1. A rnajority'of all-the members ~f'tn~r.Co missio_n A~\ Lf-b.e:con~urre~lf of 2-,fOn'lmissio·ner'sof a Division· may call a special en bJJ1,G ses§io'n t .1 discuss stJ.all be\ nece~~~rf)t~r:the pronouncement of .a · and decide 'on urgent ~hcf~ta,f matt~rswni~~ J~g~}or resQli'.fli~i;tf!-ABQR CODEE, Art. 220, as . . .need ir.nmediate.action-((,,/1.:-RG:ff!ULES.\RU!~C··;z~ ,-:;:,{j~end~&byR.A~Wo ..1'¢741).. . . · · Sec. 4 (a))· · -~ ~ef.'{M · \ . &.~ -· ·~ . · ·-,1 · 2.. A majorlty~{allthe.men,°b"erg:_gff~he~,~J~·~ ~~he· rf;hall·1'1?sign~te such n·umber of ·\ . , constitute a quor.um (N\Ff.C,rf:?~LE$'J)3P""@¥ ,.v
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ARTICLE. ·221: 'HEADQUAR,:-ERS, BRANCHE$, . AND.~ROVlf"'ClAL .EXTENSION UNITS. · · · The Commission arid its 1 si 200 3ro · 4th 5th · and 5th . . • divisions shan have.ttieir main office~Jn Met~opo1itan . Manila,. and. the 7th and. 81h' divisions ·in .the cities. of . Cebu· and. Cagayari De Oro; respectively ..(LABOR GODE, Art. :221). . ~. ·~ . · . - . .- .. Compos'ition of a Division: ..1. · One Presiding ·Commissioner ·'{Public ·Sector); .. and. .... . '·. • . . . . 2. ·. Two . Members (W,orkers .· and Employers · Se~tors) (Lf',BOR CODE, Art: :f)s amended· 'lj}/ Ft~. No. 1Q741). .
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Di~~entl~·g O~f'r1!on. . . .. . . . . .Should any member of a. Divii;ion indicate his/her. intention· to. write: a disser:iting opinion,. h~/she f!Jay ·: fil!=l the.· sa.f!Je:·.withln the ,period presc'rib:ed. fqr deciding or'resdlving th.e appeal;· ott,ei:wi$~; suc:ti · . written dis~entlhg opinion st:ic,111. npt be .corisiqerEld . part. of· the recor(is of the case '(NLRC;:RULES, Rule VII, Sec. 6). · ..
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Inhibition· No motion. to inhibit the entlreDivision of the. -~: Cornmlssion shall _be entertained.. ·,. · 2. Any Cornmlssioner may. inhibit himself/herself from the conslderation and resolution 'of ;iny case or matter before the Division and shall so state in writing. the . legal or. [ustifiable. gro\li'lds .. therefor. · ... 3. · In case 2 Commissioners in a 'Division Inhibit themselves iif a case or matter before ,t,. -the , , Chairman shall designate·· 2. Comrnlssloners .. .from other Divisions representlnq the respective fector of· the Commissioners , who · ,inhibitec!themselves (NLRC RUL,ES,"Rule V/1,.Sec, 7).•. ·
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Notwithstanding Article 227, the Supreme Court had "the following to say regardirig_th~ lax appliqation. of_ procedural rules before qlJasr-judicial _proceedings: Proceduraf rufes:a're no~ to be belittled, le1 alone-.. . disr_nissed' sjmply because their'. nori'-observiin.ce .may·: have .. rest.ilted in· prejudice to a p_a.rty's substantial rights. Utter disregarq of the .rules-cai1F1ot. · be justjy rati_onalized by harp'ing on- the. poli9y _of ll.beral· consttucti9n (Qaikoku Electronics PHL, Inc. v.,·
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. . . A formal or tric1l-type hearing is not at all times and · in all instances essential. to due process,. the: rE:Jquirements of. which are· satisfied where par:ties are· afforded -reasonable opportunity to explain their ' ·side of the controve.rsyat hand (Llora Motors; Inc. v. · Drilon, G.R. No. 82895, November 7, 1~89). .
Abstentlorr . . . Raza, C3.R. No'. .:181~8, June q, 2009) . .". · ·. · The Chairman. shall desjgn_ate such· number -of additional Comrnlssloners belonging: to the same sector from the · other Q1vis1ons as may. : be . . Note-: Res judicata applies only to judiciaj or quasi•. necessary. In the eve"nt th~t·:all the members of- a,u<;?, . judicial prpceedings and nol to the . exercise' . of . divi~i·on inhibit"thems!3lves'fro~·.res~l~ing ~ ca?e,)n.,fv)< adm~n!strat(ve powers as well as proceedings-purely_ Chairman may create a -Spscial D!v,sio~ or as.s19.1f,.,,fif_'\ .admin1strat1ve._ · m nature. Therefore, when. the the · case Jo any of the 'other Divlslons (N'lj.!f{Qi,t.: f!-f\ administrative proceedings take- on an adyersary RULES, Rufe Vil, Sec. 4 (c)). · , . . . ji /;,:j.1r;{!~...~-b!-!ra~ttlement .. shall ·be. cohsoUdat~d befor~: the ~~mt~i~~r·~o·· -, Th~ :Corrypiis'~io\ m'.'ly exert>all. ef!orts tow~r? tt:ie . whom the case· with the IOW!;!sffease "r;iurtrber. l~t · r·i\ am1cablw sei!rer:n~nt of a . labor dispute w1thm ,ts . assig,:ied (NLRC RULES, Ruld.N!!; jurisdicU6n (if/..RC·twr.ES, RULE VII,·Sec. 11) ori"or ' . . . . . \;.1:.7 ~ ~It-·. ; qefor~ilf-1ffr-sJ;~~n_g_ or during the m~n~atpry Notice of the consohdat_1on .sh~,!!.be:,WY1!1;by.,11\~-..: ~;,;( confe~e_nce~~...forthe purpm;e (NLRC RUL/;=S, :-' Executive Clerk or_ Deputy Exee:1:1Jf~~t.~lew.,to th,e ··., (rl·. RULE. V,. Sec.B(b); as amended by En Banc other members of the .~oncemed_.U)~Jsion~,,YNLf?C':· ).>-•',,...fl(!J._!f/J{uf;on No: 05-14r S~ries of~_014):·_';,yheth~r in. Rl)LES, RuJ1;1 VII,. Sec: 9). · .· ,.,-,}:~;;;;?.~i<JJipr_ '.ull s~t~lement _o~ _th_e d1spute,,-1t· ~hall be . · ,.tl1'~-:---;......,:ed_uc~~o wntmg 13nd signed- by -~he par:t1es _a.nd 'Techmca.1 Rules Not Bmdmg . · ·~~··._ · r~'['if . their . counsel ,()r · the .. patt1_e~'. .. au_thonze.d Th~. Rules of Prqced~r~ and Ev\d~nci(Pk~~.J1jnfl'i!1_. _·. represenJatjves-(Nl.:RCRt!_LES, R._U~~ V, ~ec.8 (p), · coµrts of law .;1r:id eqwty shall, not__ be contrqlhng a_ni;j . . EJ$. amendeq by .En. Banc. Resolution .. _No.: ..05-1"4, the ·commission shall us_e all. rea·s.onablti me.ans to.. . · . Series of 201'4). . ··. ascertain· the. facts . iri. eac.h.. cas~ . speidily: and . . . . objectiyely;. without regard ·to technical!fie_s of law or.· _ The.s~ltlement of cases on. ~ppeal, to _be valid and procedure, qll in th·e ii'ltei'est of due!'..process. (NLRC , ·:·. binding b~tween th~f parties, stiail ·be .apprpved b_y RULE_S, ~ule. VII,. S.ec. · 1,0)._..., . the· CornmisSio~.(NLRC_ RUt.:.Es;. ~ule VII; S~c: 11) .. ·
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Adminis\r.;1tive bodi~s like the .NLRB .are· not_p9und . by ttiei technical· niceties la\\!' arid ·proc:"edure and·. the rules obtaining in cp_u~s·pf law: However. while .it is true tha_t adriiinls~rative' -<;>r' quasi-judicial bodies... .. · .like the NLRC are no~.bound by:.the:t.ecf:lnical rules-.· . ' of . pr_o~edure : in the adjudication.• ~f ·cases";'" this . proced1:1ral rule shot,1ld not be construed,as-a license to .d_isr"egard.certl:!in fu'ndarrientj:ll evidenti~ry "r9les: . ' · The evidence' prese.nted must b~. sUbstc!A.tial ~osupport· . a finding Of concl1:1sion.... (Lepanto· C,onsolidated · Mio,ng co;. v. · Dumapi$, G.R -No,
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Finality of Decision of th.e Commission . Gener.al Rufe; The decisions,: resolu~ions oi' orc:Jers' . of the Commission shall b.eco·me.final·arid executoiy ., after··10 caleni;tar 'days from re"ceipt.thereof by· the counse.l or. a'uthorized r_epresentative o·rthe: pf!rties if · not assiste'd by. c_ou~s.er ·or _representative (/1/LfW . RULES, Rufe VI!, Sec, 14)." . . . exc~ption: in c~se the ctecision: ir)c1u<:1es -an order of reinstatement; the Labor Arbiter shall· immedialely_ i~sue writ 9fex¢cution,even pehdiog appeal (NLRC RULES, Rt)le XI,. Sec. "12). . .
. 2019 SAN SEDA LA'f! CENTRAL,IZl;:D B~R OPERAilONS
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AND REMED· f ES MEM0R'f
JURISDICTION
SAN BEDA !.,AW CcNrRALIZED,BARo~~RATIONS:.
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In any event, the decision of the L.abor. Arbiter reinstating a di§miss'ed or separated employee, iris'.~far as the reinstatement' aspect is concerned, · shall immediately be executory, even· pending appeal. The employee s't:iafl,elther be 'admitted back Jo work under the same terms and conditions prevailing prior to. his dismissal or separation or, at the option of the emptoyer.rrnerely reinstated in the· payroll. The · posti.ng of a ·bond by the ·~i:npfoy13r shall not slay·the execution .for ·.reinstatement. provided . tretein (Baro.nda v.· ·9A,. G:R.· No, 161006; October- 14,. -~015): :. :: · . . .. · ' .. . ·
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ANO ARTICLE . ··222: · . APOIIIJTMEt>lt QUALIFICATION·s Qualifications of the··. Chalrman · and the comrnlsstoners: (R.EIV!-1§}. · · . 1: Preferably. a Resident· of the region where he is -to hold office· · · · · ·· · : 2. · .Mu~.t' have ·g~perierfoe or 'exposure i.n handling . labor rnanaqernent relations for at least 5 years; 3 .. · Must be a M,ember:of the Philippi11e Bar; and : 4. · Must have _been engaged in the. practice of taw . . in the ·Philippines. for at least 1.5 years (l:.ABOF;? . i:;;ooe, Aq .. , 222, as emended by R:A No.. 10741). ·.
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If ttie,Labor Arbiter ordered the· reinstatement of.an -. ·. . employeeandtheemplcyer opted toreinstate him in· ,· Duties of theChairman: {ACiA) . the .payroll, such 'employee lsnot-obllqed to refund: . 1. Exercise exclusive ~dmi!"istr~tive supervision theamount o(salary:i'eceived.dur'ing thetime he_h~ ·. ?~er t~e·Commissio~ a.nd)ts.'regional !;)ranches,. reinstated inthe payroll, should the NLRC reverse . · including theLabor.Arblters (LA.BQR-CODE, Arl .. saidorderof reinstatement on appeal (Garcia v, Plj;.::;-_;,,""=_. ?20, as ~mencf":d.?y.R.A:·No. 10741),' .. · . . Airlines, tnc., G.R. No. 164856, January 20 ,,?.@(7§'/.'· lT \ . ~~~aJI t_he_ Comm1ss1~m .to an en bane session. at . ·. · . · ·· ~ j:.J:~ .. ~- · j j\}ecJ.sftw.12e_a :>'.!:ar (J.ur:,_e and December) (NL_RC
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. ·th!!' decision, resol_ution, or ord.er.{tiall[b~,-enterJ;td4n''''''1F._."'.,..-P.,_~!1c-~f:~ kl.,/LIJ-$, Rule 11_11,. _sec. 4. (d)); a~d· . a book of entr!esof ju~gment /'/"::)-~ 'fB\ y 8?~~s::.t~ay~t~~ngComm1ss1_oner of tl')e First .' ' . {; ~J,};; . , . Jr· ~ ·.fJ\\. p1v1s1on {JW-fc;_F{VLES, Rule VII, Sea.· 4 .(d)). In th'e absence of retorn carql;l.,certifi~{tions1from th~- ;;.(')..;,:,.N. t .. ··,· \ . · \(,£!") \, · . th c· ; : . .- . ~- f th. post <;>ffi?e ·.: or th~ courii:!P~~tioriz_ed e~:-·A-:C~,S; .o\t ai:sen!'i,:I ... e. omm_1ss1~ne,. ? E: _Commi$$i~n ~r othe_r proofs,~~~er.yic9:to th~ p.al"it~~ Fsb~9nd. [o1x1s1.o.lj\ t;;s~!I~ .be the . Acting ~ha1r:man . .th~ ~e?UtiV~ C::l~~k or Dep~~~ffi,xe~ut1.ve Cierk_·s~al~ini%l~~c Se._~·_3).· · · : ·. ·. . . _ cons1der_th_e dec1s1on,_ resolLIJ1?n.:olj~rd~~!l~-;;;:S;-..:.I~f~i:r. s1~11 ·!}Pl/participate in the voting· b'y _ex"'.~':!_tory after· .60 calend~~}i'l¢~r~-_,_.~::;,rcf~~;4-1,~or!c\JJ:flter:>. · .. . .. .-. ·: . . · .. _: paten~ .er~ors, pn~v19~d.. . . . . :. "~ft ff~'-~~$~a,11"'1'6ld office during goo,dpehavior untit,th~y 1, That the motion 1s flleq w_1th1n .10-palen~a~ys . l. e age of. ~:S. unles.s~rernoved" tot causes ·as . fr~m receipt of de.cisicin, resolu~oh _b~ ?r'.?er;__ -~~~p'rovided by. law ·or ''becorriei. ·iocapaeitated . to 7; With pr
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J.URISDICTION··,AND :REMEDIES
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jurisdiction of LA v. ·NL~C .'.pOWERS AND·ounEs ·,ARTICLE 224: JURISDICTION OF '. THE }COMMISSION · t..: Exclusive and Original Jurisdiction of NLRC .) The .· NLRC. exercises . exclusive . and original ·Ha§ ·original. . and o·oes."not have original It_{ jurisdiction over the-following cases: (CV°IC)·. · . . exclusive · jurisdiction J.urisdjcti'on . but. · has .,; .. , 1. £ertified cases· - cases _certified to it for. (LABOR·. CODE, .A,rt. ·exclusive· appellate f; · compulsory arbltranon' tiy · the. SOLE under . 224) ·.: jurfsdiction over case ·J, · Article 278 {g) of the Labor Code or. the. · decided · · by · the LA . 'f ·.presidei'nt -unde'r Article 279 .{a) of. ..the Labor (L~BOR CODE, Art. · J.. Code.. . . . . . . . ?:17.(b)) 2. · Yerified·petitioh to annul or. moduythe order or ~: · . resolution: · (lncludinq :· those issued during } execution proc~edings} . of. th.e; Labor Arbiter J:.: · (Nt.RC RULES; Rule XII, Sec. 1). • . . . ·:': 3. · Petition !njunction in: · . .. . i\ · . .a,': Ordinary labor· cases · (LABOR CODE,: Art; principally vested'tn ·LA .Dlscharqes compulsory ~,~_:_·.. · 225.(e)); · . · .' · , . . . - .(2 AZUCENA, suprri at arbitration only .in the -~ · b. ·strikes and: lockouts · (LABOR CODE, Art.. : , · _37) exercise of its original 279); 'and · · · .. · . · :. · · · "../..'";; jurisdiction · (LABOR· }· . 4 .. _£ontempt:case~ {LABOR CODE, Art. -225) ... 11,(")")i · CODE, Art. 278 (g)).
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Exclusive Appellate Ju-risdicti.on of Nl,..RC }~,'..;..,/:i.~ p'~~ T.he·NLRC exercises exclusive appell.ate;1urisdittfq!1'.\: ,,?f .-., ,.__ . d, overthe follo,;\/in_g: (NOT5-LM~DE:.3rd). · · ~i:·''';°"~'. ."~.'.;'"':crr'.'.;\ · 1. _ Cases ~ecided br .th~ Regional_ O_!f!~~~~of'th~"./ t)(l · ~.':'--':.~~, DOLE .m the exercise of thet()1dJ';ld_19atoiy1-;-~ · . . . functions · under Article 129 · over:: !,'~onetar:s,;r--1,, . claims, of workers '.N.21- exc:;~b.din'.~/(f.?.tOO~ it ;/ .(1.ABO_R9,0DE, Art. ·129; ?,..(:i'tiC.Ef':IW~rup~a .~t . fl . i1
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Proceedinqs Appeal before the-NLRC cannot , : .be considered as part of · the arbitration prooeedlnqs. When .the LA renders its decision, ·c
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babor Code/LABOR-COD~\ Art.;:::2-2ll~(b),1c:ft\q ,· r"·, . · _under the Pv'.'1granI Worker's A'cff.B,.~~'J$/q.B04?, ; ;1.t1 The.: . N~~G _ha~ . ~unsd~ction to . determine, . -Sec. 10, as am~naedbyR.A N<:1.. ,10022); . ·· · )f_~prel!mmanly;·_ the parties' .rights· over a property, 3. -C~ses. decided by_ the· L~b_or Arb1f~i~;~.:.f>~W.f!,ge '1_~i::essa~t~ det_ermine ~h issue related to .Q1stor'tlon . problem ·. m · r;ian-urnon_1zelf.".,....4il.!::.ngtits,.0r1.cla1m~ ansmg from an employer-employee ... : : establi~hrne_ry! (LA.B?,R ~ODE,. .Art;fj~4);i{['-!ft · .. · rel,ationship. (Mila[J· v. NLRC; G.R. Np. _202961, 4: : Orcler issued m relation to _enforceme.:(lt:pbv,,>erof·. · February 4, 20.15). ·. · th_e·Regional.Director (LAf,3,0R ·qJDE;'-AFt:.128· . (b)); and . . · · · . · , : Note:·. 1. · If i::ompl~frit is -t,r0uQ_htbefore the DOLE give q.: Denial ·of .the. claim "of .the '3rd par.ty.-wh~re.. effect ·to the labor st<'!hd~rds · prqvisions . of the · •·pr9perty· -.yas- !¢vied. by thE:l. ~heriff of. Labor .. · Labor C_ode or other labor legislation, an·d there Ar.b[ter.can be app.ealed.to the· NLRC (Ytip;tmgco· · !s fi_nding by the DOLE th.at th~re is· an existing . Cotton Mills- v. Mf!ridoza;_' G.R -NQ. 1399}2, , ernployer-etnploye(;): -rel.$tioriship._-- the 'DOLE· ·M.arch 3, 2005)."'- · . · ... : · · :: . · :· exer~ises. jurisdiction to. th.e. excl.usion ' of the NLRC. . , . N'o Ap.pell.~te'Jurisdicti_on over Decisions· 2 .. If tti'e D.OLE fi'nds· thaUhere' is. ~mployer~ende'red by:· (VSB) . ·· · emp!oyeei.. -relatio.nshrp, : foe, . j1.frisdictiori' . is 1. Yolurit,;iryAi:bit~ator; ' properly'.with-the NLRC .. :". . ·. 2. ; ~QLE;'.an~ . · . . • · . . . . .. 3. lf:a complaint is filed.with-the DOLE, and it is· 3. !!LR Director on cases 'appealeMrornthe DOLE' accompanied by. a, claim .for reinstatement, the . Regional Offices (2 AZ.UC'ENA,supra/! 77). . junsdi~ticin is. properly witll the. Labor. Arbiter;. 'under Article-21-7 {3) of the Labor.Code. · .' ., Note:· ·such decisions niust ,be. appeal~ct to.-the . 4: l(a corriplairit 'is filed with tfie' NLRC, and tliere · CA(ld.);° .. is'• . still a.I"! . existing : einploy(;)i'-employee relatiQl'.)Ship, the·jurisdiction is:·properly·with the DOLE. The findings-of the DOLE. however, may still ·be questioned 'through·. ~ . petition for
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2019 SAN SEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPl;:RATIONS
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certiorari under Rule 65 of 't)le Rules of Court (Pf:!ople's Broadcasting· Service v.: Secretary of · (he DOLE, G.R, No: 179652, March 6, 201Z). ···' . . . . App~a.ls from Decision of Other A~encles .. · , ·The fules governing ,appeals from the d~cisions or orders ot'LA ·_shall;apply to app~~ls to :th!;!- NL.RC from · decisions· or ord~rs of-the other offices. or agencies appealable . to. the Commis~ion accordi"ng to .law . (fvLRt Rl./LE_S, Rule VI, _Sec. 11)'. . · . . . ·.. ·
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Where to File It should be filed at the app~opriate docketing unit of the Reg,onal Arbitration Branch. (RAB) or. the· . Commission (NLRC_ RULES, Rule Ill, $ec. 3). · Regional Arbit,:ation Branch _is ·any of-the reg.ion"al ·arbitration bran"ches or" sub-regional branches ofthe . C_ommission:(NLRC RULES, Rule II, Sec. 1), . ln.-.the · even( that"the · pleading·~ ;:ire filed thrqugh registerecf . mail or co1,.J_rier ·authbri;zed ... by the . Commission.· the date of mailiAg shall be conside"red · as the date of filing thereof (NLRC RULES, Rule f!/, _. Sec. -3, as_ainended by En Banc Resolution NO: 05- · f4,: Series bf 2014): ·
20:ti NLRC RULES OF
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\.· :.~... Proofof-Setvice · v . [See Flow9hart"provide.dinp.25n . <, ~ene~al.R_ule: A pa_rty filing a pleading shal! serve _ · .· . : ·· · . . , ...?":,,.=,==~9J?gos1~gparties wit~ · a.. copy and ~ts SUPP?r:ting · Construction · . ef?"~ 1f ~.oc,Ql'ne.!J!S-_No p)~admg· shall be considered without The. NLRC Ru(es ·of Proc.~dure. sjl_~J~...~i: Hti~,€;!1Y \ ,J'r:~f:,f J>fl'e~ee to- ~hlil._opposing parties ~NLRC construed: . ·. . ./ ~ } [,. - ~::~13JJJ/i.S, '{'!te...#~ Sec. 3). · . . 1. To carry oi;it_ the objectives 9f'~tfe..2':C«3M~t~~n • .:,,....~=--* ·_. -~~~ !Y 4t,,}~.· · . , · the Labor (?,od~ of the Phij1Bpine,{l,•,;.i'np~,etl1er''fc. E-xc.~Rt~~:-.fUJle~flful~aneously-dur.mg a schedule relevant leqlslations: and / .1, j"ID befo[e ti\~~a..,15$-~{bit.er (NLR~ RULES, Rule 111, z. . re. a~~ist t~e p~rtie~/ in_ "9f!~-iniw~ just, -~. · -~c. 3). \ \ f ! 't . exped1t1ou:,: a~d . me,sf)~.r:!.§.!!'~!reso1l!l!!Q!J,.;§nd i . · . settlement- oHabor di~p~te"S:fJVLRClR!.lfsS~.:....I :1 s_;,~-~e. uof .No;1~-:J.\ ~esofut1~ms, Orders and .Rµle 1. s_ec. 2) : ·. . ·i_'-""-i ,V · -._ · \ I t~~_e,s101p l ~ _ . . ·
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Applica,bility ofthe.Rules-qfC]n'.l'if. (~\, ?.;....._ ~~oae~Nf~ryfi in :~~s~ o! Notice~.and ~opies The pertinent provisions of tl'1ie1•Rtn:"~s of~~~lie~ · ·J)i~r~eJ9Ju!ln oriO.~def;s.. · · F;hilippfrl~S may, ii} ·the' . ;fii;¥/~st eJ~5eifiiu~ c9,fes ~f j.esolutions_ or" orders shall_ be . dispE:nsation of · la_b~r. _justt_~e _an& w~e'il~e~' - ._ ~~IY,__€{t,_)'pon 1):i_e parties: _ --.- , ,. -. · _. practicable.and convenient, be ~phed ~-aria~-~r0.«~1YF?ifso~9.lly, ./ · · ·_ . · 1n:a,suppletory character.and eff~r[-NL,.R~~pt~IEN':(i~Y-~$g1~tered 11.1~_1! (~M); or . _ _ _ Ru/Q 1,' Sec., 3). ·' · ,,, . . ~\--. ·--::..~~--.Jtf.'_90\Jf)tli;. a~1ffior_1ze_~by the C~ITTIT)ISSIOQ, upon """""""'-"""'"-'==..:,.the.:pf!;l!;~_l!>'y tpe batllff,or ?_uly authorizecfpublic PLEADINGS, NOTICES, AND APPEA~.c5£'i · · ,. \°'?ffi\e]:JN~h1n3 ~ay~- from. his/her _receipt thereof. _ · .. · .. ·.: . ·.·:. ·_. · -~~ _. .. _ ~~~hl:Jt_fC_RUL_ES, RufeIll, Sec._ 4_(a)r : _' · ComP,l~mt or P.et1~1on 1s a pleading allegin~ the ·. - . · · · . . Cc!U:ie-_ cir cau~·es ~f- _i:ictiori- of "the_ ~pri1plainant. or . . ·Mod~s of Ser-vice in case of Decision an~ Final _. petitfjm·er(NtRCJ:WLES;_i~ule !II. s.~c;, 1 (a)}: ·: . , AWarcfs . · . . . .. . . . . . . . __ · · · · •. · : General·Ru!~: Copies ofdecrsions and firial awards Corite~ts' bi _c;9.rriplalnt _of Petltio~ ".{f>-~ON) .. -·.. sh_all be seNecf ori both Pi:lrtie.s_and their counsel•. · _1. "Nc;1me$_.and adqr~sses' of.ail -~o·mplaihants or ·,1. By.personal service; . ·' . ·fi:}titioners (C/P)"; · . . . · . . ·. 2. ·. Ely-registered mail; or· .. · 2. -Nciryies and' a'ddresses of tl')e Eespor:ident~; . ·. _3_-· J3y c~urje, -auth.orized by·.\lie . Comm.ission. o~ 3. It mus~ be _s_i~n~d ·u·l}~er Oath. by tt:i.e ClP,; ·!=ind. . ... ·. both. parties and· th'eir·counsel 'or representaiive : 4. · Wit.h. a·_ declaYatiqn of · ,Mon-forum, shopping · _(NLRCRULES,Rul.e"J.ll,Sec. :4 (b), as amended·· (fYL_RC..RULES, Rule m, S~c. 1 (a)).. . ·_ -- · : · Py_· En Banc Resofutibn.. "fl!o. 05~14;. Series of · 1 · · · •, -· · · .. • . • 2014:). . . ··' .
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21 Q I -20~9 SAN . . BEDA LAW CENTRALIZED . . BAR OPERATIONS
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JU. RISDi·CTION. AND.REMEDIES .
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Requirements:· (BSR) .· : . . a .. Certification from the · Bureau· of Labor Relations (BLR) ·or Regional Office of the. Department' of Labar and ·. Employm.ent attesting that . the organization he/she represents is duly registered and. listed in ' the roster of legitifT!ate labor. organizations; · b. Verified certltlcation issued by ttie §ecretary and attested to by the president of {he· said orqarilzatlon sta~irig that he/she .Is authorized to ... represent· . tbe · : sald orqanization in the said case; and· · ·
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made on counsel and 'upori- ·such number of '~. ·complainants, as may be practicable and shall .be consid.ered substantial compliance, with- A_rticle 230 .,/· (a) of the Labor.Cede (NLRC RULES,.Rule .I/J, Sec. ( 4 (b}; as-entendeq). . .· . .' ~..' . . Th~ period. ~f ·_a.ppe~I shall· be .counted from receipt }C-. · of such · decisions, resolutions, or orders .by the )'.: . counsel or representative of record .(.NL.RCR.ULES, ,·, Rule Ill, ·Sec. 4 (b), as amended). . . ~ . . . ~ . . ,, · Rei.urn (PersonalServlce) .. · . ~-·· The'-fotum.'shall.be submitted by the baiflff or officer -~: . within 2 'days from date of. service (NLRC RULES, &, Ru(e Ill; .Sec. 4(c),. as <emended by. En Barie :!;,. Resoiution.No.. 05-14). ·. ·. · · · .
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c. · Copy of the Besolution of the board of . directors of the 'said organization granting him such-authority (NLRC 'RULES, Rule Iii, . · Sec. 6· (b) (2)). · . ·
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3. He/ she represents-a ivlember or members of Cont~nts'of Ret~~n: . . .legitimate labor. organization. 'that ·_is. exlstir1g ~,, ·1. His/her name, . . . . .. ,.---':\ . within the· employer's establishment, 'who are· f . 2.. The names of the ·p~rsoris served; and · . /,,/J/J ( parties to the case (NLRC RULES;·Rule II/, Sec.. \. 3. Date. of. receipt-(NLRC RULES, Rule Ill; Sec//:'\ . · , 6 (b) (3)); · · · . . · \. · 4(cJ): · .· ·. · ... · ~ · ·.. · . · ·· · · · · · · . · . \ / · . ,,., ,.;/ · .R~quirem~n,ts:· · · · ·... · .· · contents of _the. Return Card/ Proof of s~&·.! .;r:' · tr=-. 1N~r~i~d certificationattesting that he/she is Registered. Mail "Or ·Courier au,hori~~~by the~..Y '...:'-atithptiied·~y such 'member or members to . Commission · . · . ·. ,,,,~_.., · j.'l.....J,1 · ·repfeserit lnem in,the case; and. . 1,. N!'lnie'o.fthe.'addre~see;·a11d. · ~--'.,.!. ·!\ . b. V~{rtir\certific.ation is·~ued by the se.oretary 2, !Date ~f receipt· (NLRC RULES;,..-.~eIJ(t.S.'(jc. . · ~f>'d tte~t~d to t?Y the p~esident of the said . 41I'c)). . .· · · . · r: J .·Ifg'fga I,'izatton ·:;-that . the e:1P \J ~~. ,,. • ·\\ . stating . . · person or . . . · · · ·. · . . '// ...,? .. R:<..0.. ·. , . ·E~~~-J~e/st\e _. · is ,r~pr~sentii:g.-. .a~e Noto: If no service Wa~effev~¢'U'~"f6g~~\1the1<~?f • f.'/j ~"'!!:Wi;i}~~r~/.E>~ths\rorgarn~t\on_ ~h1ch · 1.s shall be. so stated · (NLRC RtJt?..ES,;,fil:!!'!"[!,11,~~ . "-·e~
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Ptciof -~~.C·o~plet~~~ss~t'Se~ic~' k~;i:~H~l she i~. a auly-'a~~re~ited memtie.r. oi ~ny · Registered Maj_) ·or Courier. ·~uthor,fied by;.'tt,ie~.:;'.'.:..:::.i!..',?.i:Qg[a~id office recognfzed by.:the DOJ·or IBP · Gommis,sion is_-qeen:iS?.C(?n'lpl_ete:. · :·ly{-, .· ·.ftd .. ·. (N~F?CRU/...ES, Rufe IJ/,.·S~c. 6 fb)'(~)); ' · 1.'· Upon receipt by the addresse.e·or h'is_[h~r;3gen_t · : · . . · . . · . ·. , . ·.· · . 2 .. lf.:aqdressee fails to. claim-the mail fronfthe'J,'ipst . · 'Requirements.: . . . . . . .. . office·.~·5d!,lys fr~ni the. cla(e of first notice .of the :··. , ~- ·. , Proof ?f h).s/.her acereditati9ii; and . . postn'Jaster:.(NL..RCRULE$, Rule Ill, Sec:-5). ~- Represents· a.· pa_rty. to· tt,e .case· (NLRC . . . , . . .. · . ·· · . ·. · . · .· RUU;S, Rule Ill; Sec. 6 (bJ-(4)):;.. . ·... . .·'\ .. N<:>te: . Th~ ·r:eturri. is pri,:n?i facie p.ro~f of the tact; . • ·\ · . . . -:· ·. indicated therein (NLRC RV~S. Rule l/1, Seo. 5)'. 5, Hei she is the Qwn~r. pr~sic,lent.<:>n=iuth6iized·· ~· · · · · · · .. · · · · · · · ... persoh ofa corpo.r~tion.or es\~blishment.which·
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~~:~t.;.~~i!~pre~~med.tb\;Ei'~ro.~eFl~~lJ~hori;edJpr that purpos_e. (NLR€ RULES, Rule Ill, Seo. 6 (a)).. . . . ·: . . . Gen.~r'al R,u.le': Q~ly ·,awyers ca_n· appear before the NLRC or·a L~b_pr A_rqit~r._ · · · · E~cep'tions;i ~-0:n~ia~yers·.ca~ appear only 'in. the . following:ir:istaf)ces~.(PLl\lf-LO):' . , . . . . . 1. ... Hel she represents himself/tierself as Party to · '. · the-case (Nl:.RC RULES, Rule /II, Sec. ·f?{b)-(1)); . .2. . i-fet she . ·repre.se·nts.. a ,begitirn.~te lab!'.)r . · ·. . org~nization wtilch is ~ party to the_ case (NLRC · RULES, Rule 111; Sec. _6 (b) (2));
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-~~~-p~1;)}~~he case (NLRC P/.JLES,'Rule'!II,. ·~ ... Req~irem~nts: .. · · a. Verified certificati9.n.attesting :t!1at·he/ -she is · · . authorized io_-r.epresen.tsaid corporation or ·establishment; and ·. · · · . · . b. Copy of .the resolutiori of the . board . of . directors of saitfoorporation,'or' other' similar iss:Ue_d resolUtiOI'\ qr instn.1ment . by. sc1id establishment', gran.tln_g.: him/her -such · authority (NLRC RULES, Ru/~ iii,_ Sec. 6 (g)) 0
~019 SAN BED~ LAW C.ENTRALIZED'BAR OPERATIONS I
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JURISD·ICTION.AND R·E_MEDIE.S Note: Appearances of a non-lawyerin contravention of this section shall .not be recognized in . any · proceedings befote. the- Labor . Arbiter or the ·commission (NLRC RULES._RtJle 0/, Sec. 6 (c)).
·
for Appearing · ·Nonlawyers, . . . 1: The complete name 'and office address of . counsel -or .authorized representative shall 'be made of record..and · . . -2. The adverse party or his-courisel or. ~uthoriied representative shall be. properly. notified (NLRC . . RULE$,Ru/.e Ill, Sec: 6 (d)).. · ,' . . . Co'mmon- Requirements
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b. · Where they are supposed ·. to re.gularly r~ceive their §alarie$ and wages; . • . c.:. Where they are .supposed to receive· work !nstructi6ns ,from; ahd· · d. Where -they are ·supposed 'to. report the · .Besults of their . assignment to the'ir · ·_ . ernplaye!rs (NLRC RULE§, .Ruf~ 'IV, Sec, 1}-
Rules or:i Venue · . ·2 Regi9nal 'Arbitration ·branches have jurisdiction, 'the .'b~ancti that first acquired jurisdlctlon over the. case shall exclude ttie .· others (NtRC:RUl,-,ES,Rut'e'iv, Sec.,-1 '(b))..... · · ··• ' ?· When venue-is not cibje_cte.d to. before "the first Appearances may -be made · orally' or. in writing -scheduled mandatory c.onf.e.renqe,· such issue . . (NLRC RULES, Rufe.·11/, Seq. 6 (d)). : .shau be deemed waiv_ed.(NLR.C RULES, Rule . . IV, f- (c), - ~s emenaed ·b-y· En ··Banc 'In case· of change or address, 'the- counsel or · ResolutionNo. 11-12): · representative shall file. a . ~otic~. bf. such ctianj.~!;-.:..' . ~~. . . . . . . . · cqpy furnished the adverse party and c~y;.ire1 o'r. ~n'a.Jtge,_,_~f-Venue : · . . .· . . representative, if any (NLRC RULES, FJ,.t:1fe lfl~c. !• • ve,"l:tiffEl!Ybe changed or tra0s:~r~ed:_·,. ._ 6(e)). . • · ·J,. ~,;,.:;=<~:""'-,1:}y wvtt~J'.L~9feementOf the partles; or .. . -2 .. :-:·weerr"(he£orjimisslonor· Labor Arbiter before Autho~ify to Bind-Party' · -~'(.;:.,:f;:r ~.,.._:-.-:=_-,:;;., 'is pending orders, upon _ Gen~.ral Rule; Counse) of~~t.h.r(/'al\tlforizJ~) •,w m~llor:i"b.f~Pf}).}qper,party·in rnerltoriouscases · . reptese_ntativ~sof parties shal~have,~hori~ to bin'.a. 11,ll. · ,tA\ (f\Jt.1e RP.!,Lf.S,,,,RteIV;. Sec. 1 ·(d)). · . ._ . their clients m- .all matters J/of prqeedur (NLRC a . \ f Jj) · · <. . RULES,_ Rufe Ill, Sec. 7). · . ;·t ij-----~~'-V.imi:ie'ilj.OFW 'f;asel'\ , · .· · . -~ses m~yb~~file? _befc:,re RAB. having : . Exce~tlon: .9_omprom1se_. .•· ~gf-_ee,. enr with' tF~-, 1oiJs_d1ct~nover th:S•Pl1c,r.. . . . . :' . ·. . _opposing party_m iull or p.:itt1~l-dfu.qt'/rrg~·~1,.clle_r,fs"'-~~~1 .. · .Wl},ef,~9iec8rnplat1antr.es1d,~s; ·or .. . claim (SPA or express cons)jHUl! ~sy~qw_ ~ct,~"('I[_Uf(f ;,,1' · !,.ef~·~~~!~}. thel-,p~,e~1wa1 officq: of. a~y- of· lhe , RU.LE~, R11/e Ill, -~ec.. 7). · · \ 1 · _.,.. \_ ·~~·'f~~,.. ;eef'p~denttl_is s1,tl!lated, a~ tbe option. _of the -· : . · · . . \ -· '\:{ '%[5?~~·. .,~~j;llainW1.t (N,LJC-RULE;_S, Rule_ Sec. 1 VENUE, ASSIGNMEN.T -AN_D\DISPO~_ITl~o/~:"<..;,J ..~ ~~~~'~ }).... _,f. >.·, . ·'. . . . _ CAS~S· AT THE. REGIONA~, ARJ,3.IT.~~~~f~~ . ~T_ · · .. ·: ... · · : .:. : . BRANCH· · ·.. - .· _ ~ . ;;,~ ~~Ra J~--tln~~~sl_ men~ of Cases . . ._ AJI· _ cases _which LA~ have· author~~~-"j~~~"FFi~,fi:~~uJi~ILabor· J\rbi~er sh.all· be resp_onsit;>)e de·cide maY. be filed· in the Reg1onal~~1.tr:aJfon \\ ;f flil~r"7t!le\,Wr.illtiedia.te rafflet anc:t ,assignment of· all · . Branch,(RAB~ haV!ng'juri_s_diction over.the' ~clrkp~ce·_ -~ainfs' a_n<:l petitlomrliled witb h_ist h-e~,RAB,.and qf t_he.cornplaman't or petitioner (NLRC RULES, Ruf~=:.:...,,. e , ·1mmed1ate forwarding oi · all subsequent JV, 'Sec: -1)'. · ... · .• : · · .. plEmclfn·g$:arid-motions.(NL:.RC RULES, Rutefv, Sec: ·1·. · Whete
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P.rocedure:on ~enue was merely · permissive; for Sec:. :I (;:r), Rule IVofthe.NLRC·Rules . uses 'the ·word<"may,". allowin'g'a 'different venue. ·, . 'wheo .the interest of suostantial justice ·demand$ .a .. · :: differ.ant one (Dayag v. Caniza,res, G.R. No. ·124193,· March. 6, 1998), ·. · ·. · · · · · Workplace.is.· defined a~.: (AR'F) '· ·
·. ··1.: T,he ·. pla.ce :or, !ocaiity · where ·the . err_iployee is r.eg1,.1larly ~ssigri~d at tt:ie time -the· cause· of action' aros'e;'" . . . . ·_ . . ·. · 2.. The· place wh~re the employee is. supp9sed to .Beport back ; after a .. tempo~ary detail, assignment, or travel! and ·: · .. · . 3. · In ca:;;e of .E,ield employee~. -a_s well as arnbul~nt or. itinerant workers, their workplace is: (A-SIR) a._:. _Where they are re.gi.il'arly ~ssigried; · .'·:· .
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. . IJYitq_iri-_. ·24: . hours fr~~ i'eceipt. : all' pleading's·,and .. · motions su~sequent to. the fili"'g · of -:the coryiplaint shall be forw·arded to the;Labor Arbiter before whom the case i!>· pendir:i~r (N_LRC"RU.LES,!Rufe iv. Sec. 2
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·.consolidation Cases ·and· Comp.1.iiints:_ . · -~e·q·uirerhenti: (CEC) · · .. -- ·. · f Two. dr m·ore ~ases· or: ~om.plaints p"ending ·. .. before·different Labor"Arbiters in the-.same RAB; · .. ~' ' 11 inyolv~;,. the: ~ame: ·gmpl9y'e~ . and common- . . · .. prin~ipa1· causes of action; or . . ·· . · : · . 3. · · u involves-~s·ame.parties with'. different..~au:se o( . . · actiqn (NLRC RULES, Ri!le IV; -Sec, :3). · .. . . . . . - .·.
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cases or complaints shall be willi the first to avoid unnecessary costs or delay. Such consolidated cases or complaints shall be disposed of by the Labor Arbiter to whom the first case was assigned {NLRC RULES, . Rule IV, Sec. 3). · · .
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Modes of Service (PRC) 1. f0rsonally: 2. By fiegistered mail; or . 3. .Qourier authorized by 11,e Commission upon the parties by the bailiff or a duly authorized public officer within 3 days from his/ her receipt thereof (NLRC RULES, Rute, V, Sec. 4, as emended by En Bene Resotution No. 05·14)'. ·
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In ·case of objection to tt1e consolidatiori; the same ·sliall be resolved by the Executive Labor Arbiter. An order resolvinq a motion or objection to consolidation ~: cannot be appeafed (NLRQ RULES, Rule· I.V, Sec. 3).
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t...:ote: Within 2 days from dateof service, the bailiff or officer serving summons. Shi:111 'submit the return, The return · shal] be. immediately. attached to the record? and·shall be part thereof. If. no· service· was effected, the reason thereof shall be stated·(NLRC RULES,.Rul~ V,,·Secf 4/_
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Disposition Of CasA~ When -a case is assigned lo 'a labor Arbiter, the entire case and any or _all incidents thereto· shall be. constdered assiqned to him/ her, and the same shall be 'dlsposed of in the same proceedings to .. avoid multiplicity of suits or proceedings (NLRC RULES, Rule IV, Sec 4).
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. Motions:
(C2EJR212.QN02) 1. Motion to Qisr,iss the complaint except on the
ground: of lack of [urlsdlctlon over the subject m'3tte·r, improper . venue, res Jucicata, When the Secretary of Labor and Employment,,~q~~.,;;~. ix-escriplion and forum .shoppirig; · assumed jurisdiction over· a strike or lockoLit;·,61;1.f·, ,{~ 1- l'f\olion to declare respondent in Qefault; certifie? the same '.o·the ?r'>. Art:m~t . .J ·. e-xe_~!:!-®L1r·or_._. . .. . . . . . . · concerned shail. f?rward th~ entlr~;r~cor1s, of t~e ~-·!. . .d. Denyi_ng a motion.to qu~~h.'A'.nt ~f e~ecut,on. · case to the Comm1sslon or to the Secretary 9J)!-:abor, 1 l-1\.,,Appeal, fro.m the Issuance of. a ·cert1ficat§! of· as the case may be, for proper disp~sition,(JYLRC ,1-·· ~····,. ,:/D!1:c!U!Y.:~fdecision ~Y the Laber Arbiter; ' . RULES, f?ule IV, Sec. 4). · .,..;"~:!£.::::::--.~---=---:8/..:.qv1eti0_AJ tcf · Quas_h . and/or Motion. ·10 Lift f~('-i. ·Garnishment !f a petition· -had been filed under PROCE.EOINGS BEFORE THE~r--.tfABOR Rule XII; . . ARBITERS · · · ·.,··'-' ~- Motio.n for New trial; , 10. Appeal from:Qrders issued ~y the Labor Arl;>iier in.the course-of execution proc;:eedings; and· Jurisdiction of Labor Arbiters. 11. Such Qther pleading_s, motions and petitions of (Please see the discussion of Jurisdiction wiC:er similar nature intended . to circumvent· above Labor Arbiters) · . provisions (NLRC RLIL£$, Rule· V, Sec. 5, as 'summons amended by En Banc Resolution No. 02-15). Within 2 d':lys from receipt of a :;omplaint or Motion to .Dismiss amended complaint; the LA shall issue the required ,. When F.ile · . , . sumi:nons, attaching th.ereto a copy of the complaint 1. Before the-·date s3t for Mandatory Conciliation or amended complaint and its annexes., if'any (NLR_C ~. and Mediation Conference (MCMC) (NLRC RULES, · RULES, Rule V, Sec. 3). i· Rufe V, Sec. 6). . ' · Contents .of Summons:. (DTP) !:" ··· 1 .. Q.ate; · · · moti-m shall be allowed ~r eliteriained atter the lapse._ot-µie ·peri0d (Nl.:RC R(jLES, V, .Sec; 7,. · t· 2. Time·; and As ameof!ed by En Banc ResotufonNn. 02-15). . 3. Place of the. mandatory .. conciliation and ) I· mediation cc::mference in Z settings (Nf:.RC· 1 RULES; RULE V, Se.c. 3).
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Note: The motion shall· be .acted upon by the Labor Arbiter before the jssuance of an order re-quiring the submission of position paper. An order c:t~nying the motion to. olsmlss or. suspending its resolution until the final. determination of'the case, is not appealable · (NLRC -RULE$, Rufe V, Sec 6 as emended by Eh . Banc Resolution-No. 11-12). . · '
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It must be ~pproved by the LA'before whom the case is pendinq {NLRC RULE.S, Rule \I, Sec. 8 (c)). . ..
Formal ~equirements 1 .. lri writing; .and .. . . 2. · Signed in the presence of the regional -dlrector or hts duly authorlzed .representative (U.nion of .
. . Mandatory -~oncjUati.ori ... and. ME!dlation. · · Fjlipino_..W,or~ers. (UFW) v. NLRC, · G.R. ·.No. Conference : 90519) M~rch 23, 199.2).·. · Purpoae; (AR-NIET) . : :1. ,:·Amicably. settling. the case upon. a. fair ·when CompromlaeAgreemerttsmaybe Effec.ted . Gdmpro'mise;:. . . . . General Rtile:."lt may eftectedat apy st?ge bf the. 2, D~termir,i_ing"the-Be.:il parties if.1 l!'lterest; ·proceedings and evenwhen.there is already a final · 3. D,etermiaing the N_eces~ity. cif arnendlnq the ei~ecutory j_udgmenf(Cl_VIL COOE,;Arl,.20.40). · . ccimpl,air:it and including air causes.of action; . . ,. . . . .. ·. . · 4.: · Definiilg 'and simplifying .the Jssuel> in the case_; · · · Note:. Righ\s may be wa_iyed tJ.,_rough- a compromise · . 5. gr:,tering into· admissions' or stipulations of facts; aqreernent, notwithstanding a final judgment 'that . and ~.· . . . . . · ..... ., -, . . ..--.,:;,::::=--,,,&!!f. already:.settled' the rights· of. th!:l' 'contractlnq 6. Threshing out all other preh_m,_nar~tters ,,. ~anfe-s~obe binding, the comprornise.must be,. . . . , (Nl,...RC RU,LE;_S,·f!ule V;.Sec:_ 8). .,,,'-' . f~ . i\fV~l~~a~HY,fr.eely, intelligently execu.t~tl-by"the 1 : . , .. t.. d ... ,,;;..,,;b·~Ch, -[ · ·: -~~. mirtr~s. wf\~ttad fµII knowledge of the JUdgtnent; . Note: ·Any agreement eri ere 1nt1;>. y :'-t J;/P.~rfis · . -,~'A..d ;y' . I'; · . . -. . · · . ·: · ·... whether inpartial _?r f_ull ~~ttle~ln(?_~ .J.ry.,e,;::~~R-!J.$~"'7.~-""2~.ot~C:?_n1~:Y t" ,(0V>f, morals, ·_go~d cµstoms and .. shal_t b.e _redu.c~d .,nto wntmg;;-~~~d sc~edf'to1y_tJ1.~ . if'. .· p""i:iolrc -'\iohcy_>')(~agb;;inua v. Uy, G:R.· No. part1~s·_a.nd ~heir.,counsel or tt}e''P ~ e;_t; al!thonzep1. 161\':.03 M°fJf6 2005), ; r:epresentatrves, if at'}y (fVLROY~UL1 Rufe V, S~c: ,:7'\ · · . : .'. ·~ · !f' ~n ~\ · · · . . . · · . .. i/ · ii · :..J.' VJ,_ · . . 'l; \...f ,i t · ·8 (b)). ' . . . .· • _It c~Hi?.&~}enterediflfo.when the fi~al Who Pr~sld.es <:>_ver~nd -f:;,ces:".Full C·ont?ol.oiin"e~ ~~L:]~gmef') ,,s a_lr~aoy ~~e pr~c_e~s.~f:execufion c~nferer:ice Prq~eec!ing~__ 1\.<:~~ K_ , Jf{K;~llll, ;J~salvc.J.fv•. B~utrstar_(j· .. Nos.~ _1:_92_8-~0, Ml!lrch. General Rµle: The Labor ~~bJettshaQt~.Q.!laJly~.;:; ~4: 1~95?r~.--~-.;, pr_eside ove(and take'full CO'i\~g'oJqt~~~~t9.ip;g_s}tl ))'!'°), .(/.'0. ,. ~· }J. ·. . . ·. · , · ·. · . .and may . be ·assi~ted by 'tlie .. Labor .. ~~~~tl911,~ ,~'tf_t.. pr' n:use .. F-greeml:!nt oper<;1te~ -:1~ a . . , Associate. i~ the cond·tJct. thE}eof (Ntif!.C· .IJJLp$r-, . l),~ifsit\o . of .. th~. ),~dgm.e!1~ .. Obltgatio_~· .. upon . R11fe. V,. ~ec. 8. (a), ·as a:itided J!~En )9c=lif~"R)l ,_th ~'f1frr.equrs~te. •. . · : .. Reso!u_tion_nb. 05-14). . . ·. ·"~·., .,, ~CfEN'···r.. \:h"])i:_)lP.st1tut1~P.:1sunequivocally ~eclfred'. ~r. .. · ~!~,... j~d _the n_ew . · o.b.hg~trons . are · . ·. '.~:icception:.'fn ar~as- wh~re tf':lere i_s·.n . ,L'a'ft.t9,f'fl~ter'~=~~--:·· 1eyeo~~tj9le. tn :v.ery ~omt (CIVIL· COD~, ·Art . . ·. · · assign~d, . _conci!i
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Con,prohll_se Agreement . . . ·· .. A ·compromise agreement is ·a copfract whereby ttie partie"i,. by m.aking. reciproeal concessl.ons, ayoiq.. lit!gation. or. ·put <13n .end to· qne ·a'lready -commencecJ . - (CIVIL r;:;ooE, AF(. "2028);.
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Substant~al ~equiremenfs: (FNA) 1. fr must be Fre.ely'ent~red°into;· . '2. · It must Not be ~6.ntraiy to law: morals.cir ·public.. , policy; and . ·
Judg~·e!"tBased··on. a C9inprom,se !\g;ee~ent·. .lf'hen . 'jua9me_n't is:. based · .on· a . comwomis~ . ·agr:eement, . the. :]'-!pgment' be·cotnes i_mmediateJ-y' :· . e~ecuto.l)',··ther~. b£1in_g ai:r implied· wc!iy.er of the· . parties' right"to appeal from.the ·dedsion {Philippine Jc,urnafists,. /nc.: v, · NLRC, G.R: No.. 1~64.2( Si3pfe_mb~r 5, ·-2006).' . ··· ·
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Wl_len Man_d~to.ry . Concil)ation a11.d Mediation · Conference is Terminated · · · . : Genera( Rule:. M~ndatory. · 'condliatlon c1nd . Mediat(on Conferen·ce must be terminated within 30 .. ca(endar days from the date of the first conference (NLRC RULE§.,·f?t.fle _V; Sec .. 8 (e)J:
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.Ex~eptiori:· It may be extended for justifiable . grounq_~ (NLRC-RU[,,ES,Rule' V,.Sec: 8 (e)J; . . ( . ·:: .. · . .,_.: . . Moti9n Pos~1fonement . , ' Generai Role: No· motion for-.postj:>onement shall be · entertained (N~RC ROLES,.Rule i/, Sec, 8.(f)) ..
°l- :. It ci1ri b~ '(epudiated by° General' R~I~: .!t can: no .
,k the' pai:tie~ b"y g6ing to longer. be -repudiate.d · - . ~·;: ·the Commission·. ·t;>ecomes , ·fin.at. and ·f · · bindir~lg. "upon the :parties ':::. Note: .ULP caS!3S are not upon execution. : Y ; . subject to compromis~. · EXcepti'on's: . . ,·::;) . Except_ion:._Wher ..based on meritorious grou~d~ ·1. · :., n . case of . f}Qrl~· :')\ · · and when ti.Jed at leas_t-,3 days .before the scheduled :tt-·' ... . compliance with · (!):ri-$/'· .•\ ·. hearing· (NLRC RULES; Rule V, Sec, 8 (f)). . . . . comprornlse agree~\'ll:lff, i '_r,·t I : . . . . . · .· . ' . . . or . · .. \) i,.. ~·-~'}_, __J:itf~ct·of F:an_ure of Settlement L . · . I! there. ·is.rfffinl~:: 1t1fd~~~l';~~f~ie;toaqree, eit~~~ )~ whole or_irJ. p~rt, tecie , ev1der:ice;;::that th'e;:if 11 · durmg-·t_h~'-P.Hlnd§lto,:y conciliation and jnediation . settlementjas obtained, ,..... ( coriference,,f~~( Labor Arbiter or· the said .duly through . l',:>((. ~~at:~k authorlied;fP;ilr'l-onnel_ 'shall proceed to the, other m1~_rep~~.se.nt~iofi7.:::' · or purposes;pflthe\sald. con~er~nce (NLRC RULES, ,,. ·coer~!Pn< --t~. c: · i~1 Rule V, ·fee: 'tl,>a~.amer,ded by En Banc Resolution t,t . . . f c~~, · · <"0' · ,: . No. 05~1>'4). · 'it.. · . . ·. · . · . : ... -;'· (LABOR CODE Art. 233 1• · \:· r->' ~;''c.,-,1•· ~.. 1· ... .1 ,•·-.:~' . "?~. · < '~b:r · . · · .,., ' ' · ' · · ~ · "J ' ; t 1 · ."(:'.·' ;,;,•·' ·11•1,•·v , ·.1 · · . : . •. · .. c=;/.!..1 ~,T · ,t'f The-Labb~_r.rut.er•.sJiall terminate the conciliation and Optron~ · Wh!;H1· Ccmpromis~~~~4ie~~_nt ~ediatjon:· .~tage and .;•sl:Jall '.direct the parties . to ,,; Viol~ted · · . . ·~ ·., · )'~... ~~~s>.~,.ulta~eously}i_let~eir respective position papers· ··'.: : 1. Enf9rce i,ompromise by writ of exe~1:1tjefr:i:CIR'1 of _,f~~~',';P!"!,~~~.:i.!§..S.,.tt~~agreed upon by the. parties (NLRC { . LJ?.BOR CODE, Book V, RvJe· XX[.i( Sec:/~;,'fls-_":"'"1~.f!-0.~e-S~'LRule,.V, 'Seq.-12 (a)).. · · . . ;, . ·{)mend~d); or .· ' .' . .· . ·\.f ij. 2. -.Hegard. it_a~: rescindeq _and.insJst ,:r~);gf:iginal · . _NQn~appe13_ran_ce ·c;,_f.t~e Complainant . ~ :. demal')d (CIVIL CODE, Art. ~041). · -t _Non-appearance ofthe·Gomplainarit or .petitiprier dur.lng -~ s.~tJiijgs for·l!Janctato'ry poncil_iatiQn and l;; Effeq{of a: Coo:...p~omis.e Agreeri'i~nt . mediation -conferen~ schedule, despite . due f. Compromise · ·agteefn.erit duly .. ~ntered 111to. iQ notice U)~re9f, is a grQJ.md. for .dismissal of th.e .. · , . accotdai1c°E! \'v'ith:··this Section ;·shall be final· and.· case yifthout prejudice {NLRC RULES, Rule V; . ' l:iinding upon the·parties-andshall:.haye'.tht;i force and · Sec. 10, a'samehded'by En Banc Resolution No. . effect'of·a Judgment r.endere.d by the -L~bor Arbiter. -06-.-16); ·.-.' · · _: . (NLRC RUL~S; Rulfv.· Sec. ii{d)):·. . · · . 2, · Dismiss.al oflhe casEffor.the second.time due:to _th·e ·. ·urijus\ifleq; non:..appearance of . the . compJaiJlant ·. or · petition13r .. shall· be .. with A . j~Jgm·ent r:er:idered · ir1·. accorda~~e with ·a . .. p're]~di~e (NLRC RUlES, Rufe V, Sec. 10, as . corilpr<;>mise ·~greement is n_ot.·a·j:,peaiable' ·~ni'J.. is.: · : ·amended). ·. · · ·2.. ·· . · · . im·medlately.exec:utory ,unless a·rriotlon-is· filed to · ·set a.side the agreement 011 the gr<:>und of fo;1ud, · Non-Appearance of.the Respondenf . , . m1stake, or duress, in .which case.~n appeal may be. 1. Non-appearanc_e by _respondent cfuring ilje 1•• taken. against.· tl'le order d~nying· . the motion . conference; ..the 2~ conference·sh.all proceea .. (P.hilippine Journalists "v. NLR.C; G.R_. .-Nq. ·166421, . 2. Non.-appearance'during ·the ~nd'·conference September .51 2066). .- . _··· . . . . ·. . ,.... conside(ed to .have waived. his/ her right to file '. posi~ion·p_aper (f\JLRC fWL.ES, Rule V, ~ec. 10). .. There is .n~· justificati0n to disallo·w. compromise agreement, solely because it was entered into after · ·final j~dgmeot. '.The validit¥ of the ~greemei]t is
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complaint or petition ·or· position paper . (NLRC RULES, Rule V,_ Sec .. 12 (d)).
Subsequent Actions The Labor Arbiter s'hall: 1. Immediately· terminate the . mandatory conciliation and mediation conference: an'tJ . . 2.. Directfhe complainant or petltioner . to ·me·. a'.. verified posttlori-paper and submit evidence (n.· support . of his/her' . causes of . action arid thereupon render hls/herdecislon on the basis· ofthe evidence on. record (Nf-RC RULES, Rule V,'Sec. 19) .• · . . : .. ··
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Hea.ring pr Clarificatory Conference .. Immediately 'after the subjnlsslob by the parties of the position pap.er or reply, as the case may be, 'th~ Labor Arbiter shall, motu propio, deterrnmewhether there'· is· a- need for .a hearing or' .c.larificatory· .. c?nference (NLRC RµLEs_, Rufe V, Sec. 13).. ·
. Note:. The· Labor Arbiter may allow .the presentation . of testimonial evidence with . right of cross• .examinatton by the opposing party and shall llmttthe presentation of evidence to matters relevant fo ·the issue b.efore him/her and 'necessary for a just 'arid speedy, disposition of the case (Nl.R.C. RULES,.R11/e. V,. Sec. 14 (a)). · · · Amendment of Complainh:ir Petition , . . · . .- · · Filed· before'the Labor.Arbiter at any time .. before !/:!,~,..,.....,..,-~!~ten. summary ·o~ the · proceedings made by . filing of position paper, with proof.of service qt.a;cdpy ·11 · ··j' tlle~Eabpf Arbit~r shal]: , . · · ther~of to the opposing_ parties_ {NLR¢):JJ:!!.f!-~t'~ulet._..,,.. }\/Bfsrin$.;~by the parties: and .. . · V, Sec -11, as- amended by E;n Bancj(f)solfl(/cf,J Nq,..='-"":"=<,,,.;~...,.,,_:_ ~rrniPa,rtt>jl!tJe records (NLRc; RULES;Rule V, _1.1-12;. . · . · . -~ · _.--s-a_r:?)wd(b-~,,.· . . ·
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lllote; Resporident;s failure·. appear sliali' oniy · · _mean waiver of hist her-~ight to file P pos_itiori paper 9oly._lt does·not·deprive·-r:espondent of tl:!e right.to'be •furnished . with' . copies of the pleadings and · .. _processe's .(NLRC A.O. No. 09-0.6-)'. · .
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Note·: If the amendment-of the;{C~p~air.iror~titio;fi)· :1( ~p11-aP'J~ear~t:)9~9f~_P.arties,and Postponement.: involves im_pleadihg ad~it!onaJjrespe>f1p~_nt!5ls_ervi?e · ~\. .61.He;iri~~gs"a~ef Cl~\fic~~ory_Confe~ences " of another summons; rs. r,ecessc;1fy acquire The pa~lf.S an&,t~eJr;:;~14nsels appeanng_before the jurisdiction over.theperson t~~·sa1d_res~,ona~~ ~~?.o! 7'.l:fbiter .\liill--J.>i p_repared for continuous. (NLR9 RULE~, Rule Vi· -Secf !f'1-;,-
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· simu!tar:ieou,sly_ their. verified\p?si~~\,pa~ ~,~~-, - '5.,~1-Y~S"'ec:)6_·(a)).jl . · . · . · · suppoi:trng·.dpcuments a_nd. a~~a,v1ts! ~lt an . , . date set oy thEl Lab_or'Artnterw1tfi1NtO cal_e'n9a.1\Q.,@s·yr:-·i· rq:E~qeptior.i'!.Upon mento~1ous. grounds and subJect. from· the date of termination · · the.-~"'cli~.!'tohl~.316"~~,<~~~me6t. of expeditious dispositiori of eonference (~~RC __RUL~~· Rafe V,· ~~-:~=-:~~rt~fiLES, Rule V, Sec. 1? (a)). . .
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Note:·- No am~ndmer:it .of the complaint_~ ...l:!e.ti~n h~aring or- clarificat9ry. conference shall · shall. b_e.. allowe.a. after- tl1e filing:of position papets';*'='~'4)e'°'terminated:within30 calengar days from· th(;! da.te'. unless · ..With· le;ive- of the Labor· "Arbiter: (Nt,RC · of ti:,e ·;nitial. c,lariflcator.y conference (NLRC RULES; RULES, Ru/e...V.,·Sec.. 1Z (b)).: . . . Rule V, Sec. 15 (a)). . . . . . ··~ . . . . Lirnitati_pns on.,Position Papers . . .. Position "papers shall_ CC::>Ver .only. those· claims and . cau'ses of action.sfate-q in·the complaint.or. am'ended .. . qompl~irit, . accompanied .by -ali . 'supporting . . 'documents, fr1chJdiri9. the affidc1vits of witrieises, which shall take ttie place of their'dir.ect testimony, ._·. exciudi·n~f'thO:se that·· may have be~ri amicably · · 'settled (NLRC' RU/...ES, Rule V,' ~ec. 1_2 (c));° · . , :. · .
Mandatory Conciliation in case· of OFWs to.. QFWs,: the. ·p_eriod. for · ·conducting . t_he ·. · . rriandatory. sonciliation and meqiafion confer4:1nce, inclu9_if19. he·a·ring on t_he merits or clarific~tory. con_fer-encE?.phall nol.exc~ed 60 days, whfcih shall be ; . reckoned from th~ .date· of acquisition, of jur.isdiction . by . the Labor Arbiter . over the . person pf the . res'pondents (t:JLRC RUU:S, Rule \I, Sec 15 (c))..
. Reply ·,. ·. . . -Within 10 days. from receipt of the·,po~itio_n paper of . · · the adverse .party,. a reply-'may tie· filE?d -on ~ date.: agreed _upqn and .during -a schedule s'et pefore the · Labof. Arbiter. · It shall not all~ge or prove:faqts_ l)Ol refe~r~cf t9 or include~ in the orig~n~I or .atnende_d
Effect~ of Non~Appearance of any ~f the Pa·rt'ies . · . : d.uring l:t:ie.Clarificatory ~on.ference .. 1. Proceedings 'shall be ¢c;>nductedex-parle;-and· _ . 2. T.he · case shall · be , . qeem.ed submitted . for . ·decisit,n (NLR_C RULES; Rule V, S~c. 15·(!>)). · .
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Death of Parties 1. Complainant dies d.uring the pe.ndency of the · proceedings, ·he/ she may be SUb$tituted by his/ .her heirs. . 2. In the event of a f~vorable judgment obt;:ilned by· . _. the complainants;. the same shall be-enfo(ced .in accordance with Sec. 11; Rule XI of NLRC Rules (NLRC RULES, Rtiie V, Sec. 20,.as amended by En ·Banc Resolu_tion no~ 14-17). . ~-"' . ~ .. . . {::-. [nhlbltlon . ·· ~- · 1. Voluntary Fin_ality of \he Decision or Ord.er ~f th e LA The decisions, awards, or orde.rs .of the Labor £~ A Labor ;Arbiter- may voluntarily lnhiblt hiri"fself/ . Arbiter, the. same ·are·.:fi_nal and ·.executory, unless ·:~. . ·herse!f from. tbe resolution of case and shall so. state in writing. -the .legal [ustlficatlons _.therefor · ·appealed to the. NLRC ·w.iih.il'i the. time prcivided (NLR9 RUL_ES, ·Rule V, Sec. 17). under Article 229. of the Labor C<;>cfe··by.-an·Y.. or botti 2. Upon'Mi>tfon of aParty ... · parties,. within.'10 .calendar·.days from tfie receipt : a.. Either on the ·grqund of relationship ·within ttiereof.by the counsel ·or authoriz.ed r~present~tive the 'fourth civll degree ""ot consanguinity or. Or the .. p~rtie$ if. no_t a$~1stea' by. COUn$el or ·affinity wlththe adverse party.or ccunsel.or · representative (NLRC RULES, Rule.V, _se.c. 21 (a), · ·b. · On question of partiality _or other justifiable.-v.<';. B$ amended by En Banc.ResolutionNo. 11-12) ... :grounds; the· Labor Arbiter may · inhlbit. /1'( hirri~elf/ · herseff from further hearing Certificate of Fi!1ality ·. . .. . . deciding the case· (NLRC RULES. Ru"f!(¥,· ··· . ,: . :,1 The Labor Arbiter issues .a certificate of.finality upon. · ·$e~ 1?). . · · .· ·. 'fJ.~~~xpi_raljf>p.,of the 10 calendar days with'?ut- any · · . · · . .. · ./..f.7 t;.., 'f! :·.....,...:.w.ge<:!~.hay.ing;beenmade. ·. . . . Note:·Suc~·n:i_otio1.1·_shall be re.solvec1_·wijt:i_~r;p5d~ysy )./"· ·"--:"-..:-L..:..:~L\ · · · . , .. . , . · from the fihng ·thereof. An order den,ym'g:.-or·grantmgD.-.,., In the absen'o'e/ofreturn cards, certlflcatlonstrom the: arnotlon 'for inhibition. is non-·i:ipp~afaj:~~ (t:,.J.Lfff;;.· ,.-. . f( post officeirf~'t\\J~erauthorized b.y the Commission RULE~, Rule V; 17)._: -?-~.:, ·j 1::\' ... or ~ther ·pflodJs servi.ce.~o the· pa~ies_, the L~~or .\ · · . - . . ·,-,r:5,-Y 'lJ'--=' 1 •· Arbiter rpay ~su~ ·a cert1flcc!te of fmahty. after -60. ,:< Periodtt;> Decide C'ase . <:_.\ C§llend9f dayJ frorrf date.of l'r1ailing "(NLR~ RULES, { 1 .. ·· The . Lal;lo'r A.rbit~r shall r~n.del?"tiis/~t?eds~f.1 .(,'-;! Ru~e·~~.-~~fP•.7J-;:'a}~ended by En·Bar-ic ~esolution ~~ . · WHhin ~O. ?al,endar days, w1th,._~~t e~~~~i?n,aft~~ . J.~} No. O~"<-f-4).i.:...~/;.0!.,.t. . · · · . : ·. /: = _ the .s1:1om1ss1on of the ~1:1se.by'l.tl:l~:.Par:ttes; ev7n l··'i · · ·. . · . . . . . ·. · · f · in the absence- of stenogrc1phic·not~s. 'j_\ J·•1....--·::..~eyival" -~nd. Re-.0per:iing ···or · Re.,Filing of f.' · · .2. dase_sl~volvir.i~.?vers~as·Filipino ~j[ters shc:!!_-../~!/.r:.,:o~~~-~~~i~,t~ase .an.d .~i_fti_~g 9f W~_lver . . . be decided .vy1th1n·. 90 calendar e;h;iys after,:!J;ie---'-'--'...L.1(-A,J')artyJmayfile· a motion:to revive or re;.open a ,.. ····ming of .the -cOTT')plaint' (b/LR9 RUL·J!It>, F{ut.fiv; . . . · ~9$_e d_ismissed__ wit!io~ .. prejudi~_e;_ within· ·10 . A calendaf: days from·. r_ec~ipt cif notice of.-the or<;ler (:_; . • ·' S~c,. 1 l!). . ·. . . . · . . · . '\:.,,/;;~cl' ~l.-Ji .• ~ ,. . •. . ·. ,_ .:. di_smiss1ng. the.··. same.~ othe!V{ise, 'the · on!y y . Cd°~tent~:of D~~i~io~i: (FACIS).. · . : . . remedY·.shaU.be to r&-fil0 the.case4· .. ~. . , : · · 1 .. Facts·of.the case; . "2. A party deelared ·to ha.v_ew.aived,:his/her r.ight to · · file position p'ape"I'·may; af. ans, tinie after ·nolice. · ~--- · ~pp_licable'1aws-or rul.es~ . . thereof' arid before the "case. is·: submitted .for 3. Conclusions..arid 'the ·reasoris therMor; . decision, ·file a·inotiqn under. oath·1a·,$et·aside 4,. ~sues iryvolved_;.a;nd . · 5. . .§pacific rern~dy or.· relief gran~ed (Nt:RC. th~' ord~r ~f waiver ·upo'n proP._er showing that: ·. ·. RULES, "Rule V, ·sec. 1.9). . !)is/her failure .t~··appear. was. :d_ae lo justifiable. · a'rid meritorious · gro1,m<;ls (NLF{C RLJLf=S, Rule . V, Sec. ·22). · ,. . .. ·· . :lr:i-cases involving monetary award~, lhe d~cisio"ns · · :or orders of the L.abor Arbiter. shall .. contain the "APPEALS amciul'lt award.e~ (N.LRC~Ry_LE/{ Rule Sec.. Hi).· .· .. GrQunds:·(F~QE) .,_.. ·· · · . . i'n . c;a~e' . the.. decision indudes a~ o):der. of· : ·1: .ff the.. dec;isiori.- aw"ard or order. was secured .through fraud or coercion, including graft· and. reinstatement,-it shalflikewls.e contair:i:· . . ' . . · · · co·miption·; · :.. . . . · 1. -A statement that 'the. reinstatement aspect is · ?- If .there is prim~ facie' ·evidence··of ·Abuse of. . - imme"diately executory; and . . '. . discretion on the- part of "ttie Labor Arbiter or: . 2. A dir.ec\ive ·for jhe employer to submit'a report of Begioi:ial Director; . · . . · compliance.within 10·calen.dar days from receipt ·3_ .· If made ,purely on· Que~tions of law; a,:id/or . ·of thi:i s·aid decision..(NLRC RULES, Ruf~ V, Sec. 1~). . ' ·. .
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Upon: the subrnlsslon by the parties .of their · -;- . position papers· or·replies, or the lapse of the · period to submit the 'same, the case shall be deemed submitted·for declslon . . -2. · Upon terrnination of the clarificatory hearing or .: . conference, the' case Is deemed submitted for. decision (NLRC RULES,:"Rule_ V, Sec. 1_6). .
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4. · 1f serious .5.rrors in the findings of facts are raised which, if not corrected. would cause grave or· irreparable darnaqe or injury to the appellant (NLRC RULES, Rule VI, Sec. 2).
serving .the- ends of justice and preventing a gra_ve miscarriage thereof warrant' the suspension of the rules (Lt./nzaga v. Alber Sflippingand- TradingCorpo, et al,·G.R. No. 2004_76,April 18, 2012):· ·
Nature of the period to appeal Article 229 the Labor Code .expressly provides . _. that· the aggne~ed party has 1 o calendar days from receipt "of the decisions, awards; or orders of the Labor Arbiter to appeal to· the NLRC. Accordingly, thts-.:1o~day reglemenfarypenod to perfect an appeal . Periods· of App.~al is. mandatory and jurlsdictiona] in nature (Asuncion .1.·. Decis ions of. the Re·gjonal Dlreetor pursuant : v, NLRC, G.R. No. 1-0~31_1,-.'J.une 17, 1997).. . to Art . .1 ;29 of the Laber Code.:. within· S calendar '. . ' .. days from receipt of the orrfer. . . Th~· failure· to file an appeal within the reqlernentary · 2. .Declslons. of the Labor -~rbiter ....:.: within ·10 period renders. the· assaile~ decision· final "and calendar days from the receipt'·of the decision · sxecutory · a.hd' deprlves · the '. appellate court of (NLRCRULES; Rule VJ, Sec.t}, · · jurisdlcllorr to "alter 'the judgment. much. less to · . . . . . . . . '. . ·. · · · . . ·. ~---~·-=-en_teitainthe ·appeal (Charter Cttemicst & Coating 1:he _10-day period to file an a~pE:al is ~e?k?J)§ltfrom ·:u' ·. ·
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The -reglementc;1ry period shall '~~- coup,teo-_Jr_ ,~o~: ~~;fic,at_onof a pleading is a formal and receipt of decisions, resolutiotis or~te.e.1")bi)lJe---=-==""'....-npt~_)fu}isclictfonal requirement intenped' to · ·cou~sel or represe'n!~iive of record·, an&;:~t(i;fi~e-1.._1,r :assurance tha! th El matters alleged in part1~s (Lynx fndustnes c;ontractor,./nc. v. ·Talei,..
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.a partial· bond (Ong v.. CA, G.R. No. 152494, September22, 2004).
. The bond Is sine qua non to the 'perfection of appeal from the labor arbiter's monetary decision· (Catabay . v. NLRC, G.~. No. 11'9289, April 12, 2000J. . .
·lfMotioh is Granted . . . The . order· to· post bond · must be complied with·. Otherwise," the· case shall be dismissed, and' the decision of the Labor Arbiter shall become final and .· . executor}/... . .
Property bond is acceptable · .(1/ERM-Memoria/' Medical Center v.'NLRC."G.R. No. 110419, March 3, 1'99.7): . . . A mere notice ·of appeaf"~ithout complying· with the other . requisites aforestafed ·· -shall not stop · the . running of theperlod fbr·perfectihg.an appeal-(NJ..RC RULES, Rule VI, Sec. 4 (~))· .
Compliance .with . the foregoing· conditions. shall suffice ·.to· suspend the running~ of the ·10-day . reglementary period to perfect an·.appeal from the . labor arbiter,:~· oecisfon .to the NLRC (Mc.Burnie· ·(,?anzon; G.R. Nos. ·178034.& 17$1.17,·october:ti, 20_.13). ·, . ' ... · .
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Justification for.N.~n•P.osting :of Bo~~ (NSC)· · .i 1. No ·mon~tary.a_ward (Aba v. NLRC, G.R.. No: 122627; July 2$, 1999); . 2: The monetary· award · js not §.pacified . in. the lf Motiori is riot. Grar,ted . · decfsionj'Orozco v. ·cA; G.R: No. 155207,. April. ·· .Unless the NLRC grants ·th~ motion .to reduce the ·29, 2Q05); · ·· · cash bond within,the 10-day_reglementary period to· 3: . _In case of_~onflict between the body and fallo of /) · . , 'perfect an 'appear from a judgmeQ! of the .LP.,.,. the' . the decision,_the latter should prevail (Mendo.1.ar.(,\\ ~°:'Pl!?}:'er ·. i~ !i1andc1te~ to pos~. th_e .cash . or. surety Jr. v.. San M19.uel Foods, lnc., G.R. No, 15_86.£3!1//.,._, . bond securing. the full amount withinthe said 10-day . .' May 16, ·2005). . l·t;:,~;;, r. :j p~r.iod (McBurnie v.. Genzon, ·G.R. Nos -. 1_78034 ·& . ''~- •:' • , ... ,.
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. . N~·G'Discr~tion.. . ' . . • The NLRC retains it~. atJthonty· a_nd duty to resolve· . the mpti'on Jo r~·duce bCJ_nd an_d:detE:rl!line(the final amount of bonc;l that shall be postedoy the appellant, . $till in accor'dc1nce -withthe stl;ln.dards _ohneritotious grounds· _ .anc! reasonat)Je~. amount (McBurnie-. v.. Gari:ton, GR. Nos. 178034 & 178117, October: 11, ·· · . 2013). · · · · ··. . C;mpiiance wlt.h ttt~ requfsi~es"· .. · . . .. The me.re filin·g of a ·motion to reduce bQnd without' . complying ·with . the requisites .in 'the" pr~geding paragraphs sh.all not _stopJt)_e.tunning of the period -to perfect a·n appeal (NLRC RUl-ES, Rule. VI; Sec. 6; .. as amended by En,_Bana Resolution 14-15). · · . ·. .· .\,._ .. . . . . . Whi.le .the· bond requirement .on appeals involvi_ng monetary·ai.vards tws ~een relaxecnn certain cases, . . · this ca[) pnlY: be done wl:Jere ther~ was subs~antial complianc·e-of ttie Rul.es or where the ~ppellants,' at . the very least,_ exhi?ited willingness·to pa~ by posting
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10~/o Appe~I-Bor,d On.ly "Provi~icm.al".
The· ·10.% requirement. in · McBEJrnie v. Ganzon · pertain~ t9_ the reasonable am:ou_nt.which·.th!;l .. NLRC would. accept- as the minimum · of. the bood ',that ~hould ~cconipany:the 1110.tlon, to reduce.· bo.nd. in order to suspend th~ ·period° to _p_erf!:)ct.an apf)eal · . "" under·the NLRC rules-. It is based o_ri the judgmeht· aware!·and should in liq c·
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Me.rltorious Gro_und . The .rule that the .filing of a motion ·to reduce bond shall not stop. the runni"ng of the period to· perfect an appeal may be relaxed by the courtwhen: (SPS) · 1.. Fundamentat- consideration of . .§.ubstanti'iil -~~~; ' . · ·2. · frevention of-miscarriage of justice or of unjust · enrichment; or . ·3.· ·_§pecial circumstances of- the, case combined: with .its.Jeqa] merits. andthe amountand issue involved · (Garcia. v. KJ commerctet, G.R. No. 196830,.February 29,. 2012). . . . . ,. .
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the bqnding company may be blacklisted (/IJLRC fWLES;.Rule VJ., Sec. 6).
Fresh Pe~!od of 10 days to PerfE;ct an Appeal · . __ · T-he appellant· shall be· given · q fresh periOd of 1 O days from notice of the NLRC order ·within which to · ·perfect the appeal by" posting the.' required appeal bond in tt,1;? event that the 1\llRC; . ·· . · 1. · Denies.Hie rnotlorrto 'reduce. bond; or . ' · · . ·2. -Requires a bond that exceeds the amounfof the provisional bond (McBimiie v. :Ganzo·n,: G.R, Nos. 178034 17, . . & 178117, October . . . :2013). . · ·
. . . Surety: Bond' · .. · . Non-&~rvice (if Copy of Appealto Appellee .ln caseof surety bond, the same: . Fallure. to give a 'copy ofthe appeal lo theappellea · 1: Shall be issued by a reputable bonding company · within .. 10 . days is not.. fatal if. the. 1~11er was· not duly accredited .by· Hie Commission . or. -the prejudiced by the delay in theservice of said copy of .Suprell'le Court; arid. .· . . . · . . . . the 'appeal . ..a- -technical "rules must yield to ttie 2, . Shall be accompanied by original · or certif~~~•..::..-~r_oader interest of substantial . justice (Modern . true copies of the followiriq: (SINO) ,;;?,:-"'--: · 1T · Ff;is/Jii)g,._{JfJai Labor Utiionv. Noiiel, G.R. No: 53907, . a. Proof 'of SecutTty deposlr. orp'°"coltateral Q:~ 6}>19r'8:8l. : ·· . · secunnq .the bond: pr.o':'idE;,jtt('(af~Jh~'flf.·,4' ., /(>.~,.. · · · . ·. · · .· shall not be considered 9~n· ape'~ptable. . ·Note!:C.:~Jfte.~PR.ellee 'may' ·fil!;l with the RAB or .. security; . . .!' <-?" ~4-:""':~s~'T-Re§igoal>.Q{fi?e where the appeal was file~. his/ her b. · An !ndemnity . agr_e~f~t:.<";e:fwean_th,w '1.F· -~s_wer~or~,~~P,l~)d\appel!~nt's "memorandum. of . . -·e~ployer-appellantawo bonpi~Ag cof1pany.l!, ·.aJipeal,lo~la~\:th~p~ calendar days from receipt c._ Jo1nf l!eclaratic;m· ;f
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aa _, aca. ,appeal, if.the law is to serve its noble purpose, and . . . ··any attempt.onthe part of.the employer to evade or . delay its execution should not· be allowed (Pfizer, tine.,. v. Ve1asco, G.R. No. 177467; Mar<;h 9, 2011).
Payroll Reinstatement . . Payroll reinstateme~t means that . al~hou.gh not admitted -back "to work, · the · employee . would nevertheless be included in the- payroll and entitled to receive her salary a·n.<;I other benefits as if she were in fact working (Maranaw Hotel Resort Corp., v. NL{?C;_G.R. No; 1100~7, November 16, 1994). ·
. . Reinstatement Pending AppeJ:11 under Article . : _:229 v: Order of Reinstatement under: Article 294,
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"t> ·An. , . order ·t reinstatement .. by. J: Labor .' .Arpiter ·
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Note': The·:emp16yee- is not required to reimburse whatever. . salary . he received. if . the . order. of reinstatement bythe Labor Arbiter is reversed on appeal. {Colieg~. of-Immaculate Concepcion v.. NLRC, G.R.~No. 1.67563, Mwch 22, 2010). . ·
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order· of .. reinstatement" under · Art.icle : 29:4 Duty of ·the: Emplo'ye~'to Not,f:Y. Employe~. presupposes the· award In case the ·oecision of the .LA includes an order 'ot thereof'is pursuant to a : rei_nstatement: it should contain: . 'final· and executory 1. ·. A staten,ent that. the reinstatement ·aspect. is judgmen"t,·and notwhile irnm.ediately exe9utory;· and· · · the . :~ case. 'tor illegal dlsrnissal is _p_e~dirig o~- ·,<"") . . 2; · Adir(!divefor the employer tq submit report Of ·: ~ompliance within 1 a· cal~i:idar days from feceipt · appeal. · j/-' ;:'.)·1 .. . ;;.· --~ ,-·.:·· ,\.., of said order (NLRC RULES, Rule V, Sec. 19). · ~. :,.·:::;-'~ . ./;;:,. . . ~~ .,.. • d• ·~;:s:,J ', ·. . . }".'· . , · · • · -, ,, ,: ,,."!..,...~,9nseque!l'c.e of R.eJusal to Reinstate· 1,. No nee? for t_he 1ss~a!')9e N~eds the 1ssua~c:;Et:~~f':3_ "{!-i)l!~Q(~t>:~Riei:\~~)of this .directive clearly denotes. a ''"' . of a wnt of execution (2 wnt _. of exe.3~tJ.,6'n (2, -: 11 · refusa1~tec;-r~iostate. In which case, the- LA shall AZUC_ENA_. . supra . at AZUCENf.1.:,~SU[irf'!_ ~t ... _ l'f · - imrne~latel~f~~Uea writ of .execution, even pending . ?024): _ . ·_ 1024) ... }>,.({. _. .a~peal, _ d~l'e~t!~,9. the employer t? immedi_ately. ~-: .xrH:i-'" __;.,,,.'C""'. !•( re1~state Jhei:l1sfrnssed -~!71ployee either physically \ _. No_t~: The ·rule· of: reinstat~ir{ri~(pe.E.~-i~g'ii"°pp~ _· or in th~fa~t.(~ftRP_RULES,, Rule XI, s_~c. 12). ,, apphes only to the order.of r~,:!~iat~menl;'\~S':!_e,c!. by .........tf_-~iL_,_,._.}._ , · . -~: 'the LA (LAB0R CODE, Art. 22Q). · =--:,i'--j) . ;...:::::. · : f,.lf f?,.s a.:._(;qrnse_,.()}1~11l~.~~the.~mployer or tlie_ bonding · · · . · ·\ ?,T~;.,;,. .f··{:} • 1ut . company-:~!...ill-~µ., . . , · · o f th:e Emipl oyer ·n c~~·f;-l·y,,-'.;--.--,_::t,t· fl . Ft'.. 11•f 1 .. . Shall be liable to · pay the accrued salaries: of the 0 p·t·ions I G,~.. mg'.~.'{• h' an· . · . - • , . · f·R · t t · '-t ,. ~ .. r·, . ·1'1Nn~rr.nreinstated employee 1n the amount sp.eG1f1ed tn O de - r ro e1ns a eme11 ~' "i . . , . :.~.'- • · 't.... d ·, . . {A'LRC. RULES R ·1 XI S 12''' 1_. . .. A ct u al 'R '. tatem e nt - the emxtoy-'er' G8l'.J.-'_,-.,i, ... , ,,:lh ~~~-§l.,9ISIOn IVJ Ue ec, ''· ( .. . ~ms. ~-- ,.,,, . ,.,_,. ~--,:;...nt!....:aaafiEf.i.&!.:, ·, · is !'.;. lmrnedlately : 'executory, Yf' 'even pending 'appeal. It is similar .to a return-to}- -. 1;11qrk .. order, l.e., · to Jp- : restore the .status quo in · the . ~orkpJa'Ge in the me,{:lnJ1me.
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ad.m,it the di§missed employee ba"£1<'toWSJlN("' a. Unde~. the ._S~!lJe·, ter111~ )an~·:R1%1~.1tl9ns - ·.P(evaiht~g ·. ·prior_ to f:'us -dismissal _or separa .mn, or·t' · · · · ., · · 11 y ~qu~va 1 en t· p0·s1-1-·ion .1"fth.e , b . .·T9·· a s~...b.ts .;1_111a . · · former position is··already-filled up; or .. . 2. P&yr.oll · -~ein.statement ·__.:. ___ the · employer .~a~ . reinstate Jhe employ.ea·merely in the payroll with . :j:>aymenl. qf .the accrued ·~alaries .. {LABOR ·
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N.ote: T,he.. ~~er~ise of ·.one of the "fqfegping ~ptions·: may .be coin"pelleq_under·pain" of coti.t_empt-and..the, ·e·mpioyej: may· be n,ade. to pay" ·the salary-.of the employee .instead ·(NiRc· Rl,J!-ES, R.ULE-'lX, Sec. .-· 12). . . .. . . . . .
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. The ·order ~f rei~stafeine~~ the Lab.qr Ar~ite.r is . · obligatory ori th_Efpart of. th·e: employ~r ... He is. oti_lige_d· to., ,~instate and ·pay-the, wages c:if. the. concerned employe~ .durii:,g tne·period of.appeal.until reversal by ·.the. ·tiigher court· (Roquerb· v. · PH Airlines,' Irie., GR. No. 152329, April 22, 2093),
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2. ·· May ~ cited for contem·ptin accord~nce with "NLRC RUf_ES, RuleXI, Sec .. 9. for. his refusal to comply with th.e Wfil of execution orde.ring the · t t . t"· 1NLRC . RULciS .R ·1 XI S · 'g remsaemenb , . .. · 1, . ·. . ,:;;;:, ·, .ue· · . , . · ec.: .
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Jnstani::es_. when." Writ ·of Ex.ecution of LA's Re~nstatem~nt'Or(ler Still Required ·. · • 1-:. When the . emp_loyer . disobeys the: p"rescribed .· :directive ~o ·submit repo"i-t of compliance; and .. ·2 .. When. e.mployer refuses to reinstate the dismissed .employee (NLRC RULES; Rufe XI, . Sec:·9). ·. · · ·, · T:h.e. LA shalf: ~otu proprio i-ssuea wrifto satisfy the · reinstatement wages as. 'they: ai::c;t.ue .until actual . re.(nstatement . _<;>r ~eversal · of · the·. order.. of re1r.1staternent (Nt.RC RUl.,.ES,. Rule XI, Sec. ·12). . .. ·. . ..
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Te.st to Determine Employer-'s L{ability . Transmittal of Records The test to determine the liability ofthe employer Within 48 hours after the· filihg of the appeal, the -who did-not relostatethe employee. penr;ling appeal records of the case shall be transmitted by the RAB to. pay _wages of the dismissed employee covering ·a_r·office of or"igin to the Commission (NLRC RULES, the period from tile time hewas o_r.qe~ reinstated· by .Rule VI,. Sec. 8).. . the LA to the reversal of the LA's declslonis two-fold, ,· to wit: ..:. Effect of Filing of Appeal .. . 1. There mustbe actualdelay or the fact that the General Rule: Onceian appeal is filed; the Labor order of- reinstatement pending appeal was not · Arbiterloses.jurlsdlctlonover the case. All pleadings executed prior.to 'its reversal; and · · and motions pertalnmq to the· appealed case shall 2. · The delay must not: be due to· the· employer's thereafter· be · addressed to. · and filed · with · the unjustified .act.or omissioA.lBergonio li._S9uth Commission (NLRC RULES, Rule VI, Sec. 9). · · : East Asian Airline~/'G.R.Nd:-,f95Z27; ~pril 21, ' · · 2q14).. ',· . · ,• ·. . .. . . . · . . ."exceptio~: , · immediate ·, relnstatement . pending ' . appealunder Seetion 6 ot R1:1le XJ (NLR<:; RULES, Note: Ir° the delay. is due .to 'the, employer's Rule VI, Sec'. 9).· . . . . , . . : . ··'. . . ··unjustified_ refusal, the employer-may still 'be . requlredto pay.the satarlesnotwlthstandlnqthe · . Frivolo.us or-Dilatory Tactics . . reversal. 'of the La_bor. Arbiter'.$_. decisi~g~g_}l1ppeal· from 'an interlocutory order. shall be · (Bergonio·v. _South EastAsian·A;,,~~es,.}1,-:~':"No.1f f!ptj· -~~-~ (NI.RC RULES, RuleNI, sec. 10): · .195227,April 21,. 2014). · .;,/. jst,.~ !V j'\ . J ',),"'<'">- . -. . · .· , . . . . · . ·· ;#'<"'-· (~--;-..:=-~~hJ:} Com_m1~s1on may, after heanng, censure" Reversal of· Payroll 'Reinstat~Jfjent ~~-ahl>.r · .. or cite"'-ilii7coJ;it~t.iiPt-the erring parties -and ttleir · Arbiter, . · . p.*'·~~(;)#/ .,..,.....":""'"..,.....,.,.;.::=~-eou1:1~~0("'-subi_e1,t them to: reasonable fine or Aft.er the Labor Arbiter's d,ec,w.q,1·:Js~leyer!;fd "by·m) ,RSJrialty '(NC~'F._P:,f:!flEs;Rule VI, Sec. 10). "" high~r tribunal, the erriploye.~ may-,,¥barjed from A~ · \ . ''t collectirig'the·accrued;wageef( if it ist5howfthat the .... ~ PRO~E~D.INGS~Ei;:,ORETHECOMMISSION delay· in enforcing the reinstatit:'n:tentpending"appeal" . · '(RWef1ci¥.the Di}cifssiGluhderthe NLRC) . waswithout fc11,1lt; on the tf:ie: ·~tnp~~ (-:"_,,.~, ff . . ~I\<,=-~ J. . ·. . · ' · (Bergonio v. South East '*ia1J,.;r.<:\rnes, r,/o{._·.. ~m. CEIUIJ=:IEDjlO-ASj$ ' . . · · . 19!!227!'i!!-prii 21, 2014). . ~
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Secretary of Labor arid Employment (NLRC · Procedu_re in Certified Cases . . . ·RUL.ES, Rule VIII, Sec. 3 (a)). 1. When there is no r:ieed to !=Onduct a If a· workstoppage has already .taken place at clarificatory hearing .· . . the lime of the certiflcation, all striking or locked The C;mm'fssion shall resolve all certified out employees ·shall·. immediately 'return to cases, within -39 calendar dayi from r,~·ceiptby work and : the employer shall . immedia.tely ,the assigned ~ommission~r .. of the · cl~~~}~1;?cords by the assigned Commissioner !,ase betore. i( (fy_LRC RULES;. ~f.!;!_)l!}.C;.,::;_ec. 3~-r t{ (r:,JLRC-Rt}l::ffi.f.:R~le VII!, Sec. 5 (b))... . . · · . ·:. · {b)). . ·, /'" · · · ,! l:.r;:a'J ·· . f/fj~ · • . · . · · : . . _ . . . · . \~ <{. .. .. ),··-·i\ _ Note: No ih~t1~n for, exte?,sion · or _postp.one_me~t 4. Whenever _a .cert1fiect· 1abor cj1spgtej~~0Wes a hi ~_hall be eF1t_e~a1Q~d(IV!..,RC fWl~S, Rule ~Ill, Se~. . · ·· ?i.lsin.~ss en.ti!¥: with sev~.r~l:_-~ri
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Effects-of.Defiance . . ·· · ·-,.~ • ./. / ..... : , Nature ·, . . It. shall be considered a~ an illegal·. a~t CQQ]_~,t~edrn · · The Chairman. any.Commissione.r ·or labor Arbiter . the c°.urse. of ;the_ .~tr1~e· .or l_ockout, and. :shall. . . maysummarily'adj).ldge:g~i)tyofdlrecJ.qorite.r:nptar::iy.· . authonze·· ~he: 9o_~m,.ssr?n to ~mf?r~e 'the s~me_peri;'on.(NLRGR()LE$,- Rule 1X. $eq; 1; as amended U{lder pan:i.. o! . 1mrneo1ate . d1sc1p!ma.ry actiory, ·. ,by:En Banc.Resolu.ti6nNo. ·14;17). .. . . . . : ..... in.eluding,_ (D-PO~) · .: . .- · · . · .: · · · . · · · . · ·. · · · . , ._ 1.:. ·. Q.isn:iissal or loss of employment·sta.tu~;. . · Gr.oun·ds . :· . '· ._ .. .. . : . . . 2::·· ..!~ayment' ·by the !ocking-out ·: em·ployer · of :Any ·act of mis.behavior in the. presence ofor so n~c:1r :· i backwages, d~mages; . . :. · ' ... ·. the Chafrman or ahy Commissioner or Labor Arbite~ . 3.: Other.affirmative relief; and · . . as to obstruct.orfr1te.rrU.PIthe proceE).dihgs .befpre fhe .· ·4. '?ven-cnminal ..."prosecution agc!inst the liable same, inc.lu.ding'; (10$3'.'A)" ._. ·. . . · ·. - . ·.. . . partie's (NLR.f RULES, Rule VIII, ..~e~: 4). 1 ..- Lise of !ntemperate · l~rigui,ige·._: durin~ .·the.' . proc¢edirigs-'before~~id-otf!cials;···. . .. : . Note: Th.a . Co.;,mission·· . may ·al.so.. seek the 2. Offensive acts t6wards·)he sai.d offii::fals;· . . . assist~nce. of.law ·enforcement agendes to ensure 3 .. Refusal to be sworn or·to answer as a witness; ... "complia1\ce and . enti:m:e.ment of its orders :_and · 4. Retusafto subscribe.to ari affictavit·or <;1eposltion _·. re~ol_~tions:(tyLRC RULES, Rufe VIII,· Sec. 4). wh~h.la~uiiy·r~qujr~d·to do_s·o; ·_ . ' . . ·.. ; 5. Hef4sal "to .§ign, witho.ut any justifiable reas.ons, the Min.utes ·Of the. proceedings .even if present ' . or . hc:!S ·. par:ficJpatecl .. in , the. disCll?Sior,'1/ de_liberation; and-
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Grounds: (MD-PAAD~PSA) . . -~ 1. Misben.avi6r,of any officer or employee in the -I. perforrnance,of his/her -official duties or in his/ . Pe!')alties _ her-official transaction; · · 1. If the .ottense -i~ committed aqalnst the 2: Q.isobediehce .o( or resistance· to, a lawful writ; · Commis·sion'or any member thereof: order or decision:" . . . a. A fine not exceedinq ?500, 3. · Any- abuseof, or any unlawful interference with b. Imprisonment not: excee~i"ng 5 days; or the frocess.es. or proceedings not constltunna c, Both. ·(NLRC RULES, Rule lX,. Sec. ((A), as· direct contempt; -, · amended by E.n Banc Resolution No. ·1.4-17) 4, · Any_ lmprojier conduct tending, directly· or .. ~- lfthe.offense is committed. agains.t ·any Labor· indirectly, ·to impede, obstruct or. ..degrade the · Arbiter: · ., ·· · ·· · . ~dministration ofjustice; · :a.· .A fine nof.exceedlnq P1 QO; 5. • ·-Assu,:niqg to be an attorney-or a· representative b. Jinpri_ionment not exceeding 1· day; or . . . · of party without authority; · · · · c. . Both (NLRC RULi=$, R_ule IX; Sec. 1 (A), es · · 6; Failure' to obey a §ubpoena duly served; or · . amended by En.-Banc Resolution No. 14: 7. U_sil of Q.erogator.y,.offen.sive, rnallcious false. · 17): . . . . . . statements in pleadings .submttted before the . ~ . . . . . ·,,=-.,.=---=::~ Con'iin!s~icm or· its RAB where the proceedings Note~ . -_,,;;,~. . ·ir )--r )'. j_ai'~~nd1ng; . . Wtiere a fine is irnposed.. the Order f?,f;;"9on!f~~pt }\JM~kit)~ny fublic, baseless and maliclous: shall be immediately issued: If th~ 83r-t~fadj!idg_~==---=~l;l(ate~iwt~tending -to undermine the guilty of direct contempt refuses tcMtfY.th'e.)"~fs/he . · .. . :)3'dJ:Qin.istr?,fl(?J\ of. . -justice against the shall· be subjected to subsidi~ry~irilpr.i_~9~e.r:i.t,of·4'.'"'-s-=··=--....,.,.,_C.&~'rnls~i1,r,:' aq_y. . member thereof, or any LA, by day for every P1 O~ fine ·(NLF}lJ([jl:J,L;Ej~, pite_. IX~) ')!' w any1,pa~q_c-,~~el y.'h~ ~as a case, pe_nding_or Sec. 1 (A), as amended by EljJ' ~a[ii:ifjfesolut,on NJI'. o!he~rse\ppfore·1.!_)eofficials concerned; 'and 14-17). ·.· . l 9..:.,..,Other, g_r.o~r-c;l~~alogousto the foregoing · -rrot;Ff Rl:Jfit~~~eIX. Se~. 2). .. .. . _· Where rmpns_onment rs .rmpqse'a';"'~eCha!'f.1a,n~:1l)e""--:1lYJ t:z'!:~" .{ . . Commissi.oner;.orthe Labof, ~,r::l:~jtefr;.may ~eputi~y{-;--p ~r-0ceedmgs · "} · any security personnel of th,N~cltoh~
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. Effect of Perfectio_nof an Appeal
The execution- o.f said judgm~_nt..shall· be stispended . pending resoluti'on. oflhe· appea!. up_on the. fili,:ig ~Y . ·said person of a bond on.conclition that-he will abide. by_°~nd _perfprm the judgment-shouid)he appeal be .. · . decided against_him/her (NLRC RULES; Rule JX,. . s~c. _1 (BJ, -as·ame_nded _by·En. BiJncResoJµtionNo. · 14~17)".
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P~n.;iltjes: . . . . . . . . .. . .. . ·1. Wcamm.Jtt~d a.gafnsJ the.· CommisS:i_on :or ·~ny . member)Frereof. ..:.. ·a fine of P1 ,o.oo:·per·-da·y f¢_r . every act of indirect contempt; . .. . . . . . 2. : If. . the offense· is .. committed against _Labor. Arbjt~r .,,·@ fine 'of P900 per d~y for·'every.aci.of. · ·. ' ·. ind ire.ct cohte.mpt; . . · . · . ·. 3. · If it involves ci violatk>n of ·an irijur)ctior:i or, an ~mis~ion to do an. act wit~irj the power of the respondent.to perform'~liable for damages a c;onsequence there"of;.a_nd . . ..
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~~-4: If the contemptuous act constitutes a series.of · act or a continued refusal/defiance to a lawful order,. writ . or decision -· a fjne for eve'ry .. contemptuous· act or per day. of continued .· · ·refusal/d.efiance (NLRC RULES, Rule IX; sec. 2 (C), as emended by {=n Banc Resolution No. 14- · · 1 , 1.7). · · .;.:.,. . . · . . J:'Enforcemen.t of decision . . )f,'.;: A writ of execution may be issued to enforce the. · ,_. decision· irnposinq -euch . tine 'and/or consequent .: damages as ·punishment for indirect ..contempt. i; (NLRC RULES, RuliflX, ~ec. 2'(D);· as emendedby . ~'· En· E3anc ResolutiorrNo._ 14-17). l~ · · Remedy ~7• The person adjuqged guilty of indirect contempt may . . tJ:· appeal. the Order issued by the Labor Arbiter to the. Commission. by filing. a Memorandum of Appeal .wtthin 5 'cetender days from.. receipt th~~eof (NLRC.·.,<) RULE.S. Rule IX, Sec. 2....(E), as· amended by JF.ef.:/)( Banc ResolutionNo. 14-'17). . · . . r: ,,;/!.' ,'~\ ..:: .:_!:'.·
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render .ineffectual·any decision in favor of such party; · ·2. · Certification . of non-forum shopping shall. accompany the petltlon for injunction; and 3. Posting·of the requlred cash bondin the amount to be determined by the Commission to answer · for any ·damage._th.at may, be suffered .by the .party enjoined, if it ,is finauy.deterrnlned that the petitioner is· not antitled'thereto >(NLRC-RUL~S, · Ru,lf!X, Sec. 1). . · · . .· _In Strikes or Lockouts . . . . . A prellrniriary or permanent (nji:i'r1ction. may -. be granted by the Commission: . : . . . ··· 1. Only after heaririq 'the testimony. of -wltnesses . and. with opportunity for cross-exammanon 'In support of the allegations qf the complaint or petltlon made. under oath, and.testimony by way of opposition thereto, if offoreg,·and , · · 2. Onlyafter'a finding of fact by the. Commlsslcn: (PAIR-P)
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Thaffrnhibite<;I or unlawful acts- have been ·. . r;-}4~;. ,,.,,.~ threatened arid ·will be committed and will be Note: · . · \J ! • ·,: · •· "i. · co11tiriu·ed . unless . restrained, . but no. The memorandum of appeal shall state-the ~.!8,6n<[&.:;.rf~~.,..,.~[':!).~~i.~tion. or' temporary restraining order: of appeal and t;>.e ~ccor:r:ipanied'by. proof.p,a:,ll'l1entof~.J.\,r -,..shalftie rssued on. account of an.y threat,. · appeal f~e of P500- (NLRC..RUL..ES,. R(:fri>f, Se~. P.ro.~i~\\edor .unlawful act, excep_t.~g~inst (E)). . · · . . \.;~J~ ,, · / l~ : thEJ JP~\son or persons, assoclatlon or . · . . . · . . . · · ·.,;;/). (~ ·. ...r'-" _" : t'',r . OJga~i~aJion : making .. t~e· ttir¢at· or ·.·1.NJUNCTION.. . · ·. , · · ·..,-<:.[';..-'( ~!/~ ..... · -~ ., ·1~_l, . .· ~9rri~ittin\):theprohibitedorunla'Wful'act'or Ter:nporarr. Restrainin~ Ordtr;;9"RQ-)~9~sists:.
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Effectivity: 20 days.from the posting of'the . cash bond required (NLRC RULES,Rule x; Sec.. 8). ·.
Reception of Evidence; Delegation It may be delegated by the Commission to any of its . Labor Arbiters. who shall 'conduct 'such hearings in such places . as: h~/she may'. 'determine to be accesslbte to the parties and their witnesses and shall .· 'thereafter .. submit . his/tier report . and recommendation to the Commission .within .15 'days from such delegation (NLR<; RULES, fMe X, Sec..
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o.uring, th~ . said period, the parties shall be required: to 'present evidence to substantiate their respective positions in the main petitton · :(NLR.C .RULES, Rule X, Sec... 7): ·
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Note: .The: TRO. 'shall become . void- after the . .expiration of t~e .20-:day perlod. :
Ocular lnsp·~~t.lon · . .The Ohairman, ariy Commissioner, Labor Arbiter o.r their dlily authorized representatives, rnay at. any time· during work hours, conduct an ocular inspecticn " . (N{..RC'FWLES,·Rule X...Sec.· 5). . · ...·· ·· . · . Note: The ·ocular.'· inspectlon report. shall be submitted within' 24 hours from the conduct t_hereo{ (Nl,RC RULES, ~,ule,X, ·.$ec.. 5)..
It may be lifted, : qr. ·.it. -rnay" b~ upqraded to a.,· · permanent i_njunction.. ·: ·
T.h~. TRO .takes effect.upon .it~ issuance; .ifa bond is.. posted and nof Upon receipt of the.·parties.-(Manotoc · v, Agcaqili,A:M, No. RTJ-9B-14q~,Apri/:12,·2000),
. ·1r:iju!'ctio.n fr~~ NL~C i_s ·~~t·t~e prope~.JJHt'l~u~~~Qutj~g: th~- effe.ctivitypt 'a 1:RO, Saturday, against :employE!e _d1sm1_ss~.1 ·. .. ~~. ~:. It,. · _ _1i,~}1ohd~ys;; are inc.lude? (Mcjmotoc v. The power of the -~LRC to issue a,rpinJ~q\1vj,:~~,q~1/r, j\)1-~· RTJ~98-1.405,Aprl112, 2000). . originates .from "any la?Or ~isp~t~tjpon ~pgl,lcat1on · '';.,".,,... <:.):;~, :· . . .. · by a party· thereof, which, apphc;_?1tion-4')_),,9f~pted""'' _"'".;?-rt"....~·astt~&-i~'.\...~· . ~ . .. . ·· · may ca.use·grave or imipara.ble-/:l~~ap{;lrt'bany pa~) ,E?,p0,000,\. ~~ s,1::1~ ,~igher amount ·. as . may be . or r~_nder·ineffectual -~ny di,ei}.i'or}·ifl/~vor/ot 'sudfJ' ,./"' · .de.termiri'ed . ~ t1hE:. <S;o~rnissior;i ·(NLRC· RULES,
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It is an· ~SSel')tial·re.qu.ireniery \~~iti."'ere.-mu~t firstlQ.0'"~· K.l=~t:tsof Defia),i\!e"~ a. labor ..di~pute. ~e~eeh ··&he., ~-o~tend~~ p.art_l&,~1: ~)3..ordfr.or-~es§Jutio~~joinin~ the perfor.manc~ ?f befora.the labor,arbtter (PH'f,-fdrl1~eflnt.,·¥,'iflLR.fb~l!fi11;g~~'9.~)~~?fl,f,1mRJep1at~Jy·· executory, G.R. No.. 12,0567, March 2~.~1?~8~\\ -~·~"'\ ..., :i,i,w ~ ..~~car ~~lw1tljtA~1>ltef':'s.ther~of (NLRC. RULES, . . · . · . · \\ \.._% \ LJ \. ,;, .:Ji'i · ~-wil~ J.!Jj!c. 9).(f "1· · ·, · ·. ·· , . ·.. Temppra'ry'Restr~rn:ing Ord\f · \ .· ~~-~ jl . :,: ·: · . ·- Requisites,·(lTlW,. . ·.· :,· \ .. ·· ~: -."-.; ~'~N,Q~~The. pJoc~dur~· and substantial requireme{lts 1. · Peti~iooer·?ha.11.alleg.e-.t~at; ~less .a~!: s~ff;rEN-:~E:~diclo/'2'1_8(e).jnust b_e_ stri~tly ·complie~ :,vilt: 1~J~n.cJ1on may_ issue I!;! a· lab,or· dispute, ... be: issued w,~hout : r;iot1ce_, a\..subst~1o1li'al""f~'et'~ef~n . . irrepa~.s1ble .Injury ~o pe.tilioner·~~~i;iffct~i!l"~e;~~19,,;..,,{!!J...M!!i)ggagawa·sa ··Concre,te Aggtf!gates, · ura'-'.OJdabl~ ·(Nlf?C RULES, Rule "1'!,, -f[:.Jlil~>-.l!i__";{!,J~fifC,.G.R:. No. 1050~(!,. Septe,:nber. 16, . 2.-. Testimony unt:lef oath,.·or· by .affidav,ts-"~he .¥!1'1993)/,;,~') . · · · · .. _. · · · .. . peti~joner's witnesses, 'sufficient,' ff s.ustained;{O"'----:----·. : ',: •. .. . . . justify the· Commissioh In- the issuance~ thereof : ' . . EXECUTION. PROCEEDINGS·. (Affi(!avit·of MeFit) (NLRC RULE$,·.Ruie )(,' Sec. · · · · ... · · ·- .· · :· · · '.·6));' c111d · ;_ · · .. . . . Who· lssii'e·w~it°:9f exe.dutio.n: (SRC·L,MV). 3, .' Filing .of an. !,!naert~king:,.'t<> . a.riswer. fqr ·th!3 . . · ·1. .§.ecretary of l,..abor; . .. · ·. damages.arid. post'a casb bond in the ai:nol!nt.of· .i,: B~gional.Director; · P50,000, .or .such highe~ amount. as. may: be : · · 3. ·commission; -.~etermin.ed byJhe Cominfssion (NLRC RUL~$. . . 4. LaborArbiter; · . .Rufe')(, ·,Sec.. 7). . : . · 5: 'Med-Arbiter; 'and : · . . . .. . . ·e. ·. Y:0l~ntary A~itrator-·or. Panel ·of Arbitrator·.(2 · . :NQte:' ':The - p~rpose;• .. of.. cash ·bond· is· to AZU9ENA.,supra'at 1.47),· · • · . · · '-. , . . .. 'recompen!Se 'those ..enjqined .for' ariy. lo;,s; . ' . .. . . . ·· .expenses o.r da'mag~. caused by:ttr~ improvident Note; .Regular courts have ·~m:juri~dic~i~n·:tQ. hear . o.r :erron~ous... ·issuance: ·of ·s·uch order,·· ·or and ·decide qu.estioris··which' ari~e ·.f~om· and are · injunction; · includ,ing · all . · reas'onable . costs, . lripidenfa1·to'the ·enforc;ement of;declsions, order's.,or . : . together -.yith a ·reasonable attorne'y's fEfe,. and· . ·awards .rendered · iJ"i .. labor· c,ases by. apprppriate expi,lnse. of c!efense ag·ainst'the gfi!nting of any.· . officers and tribunals of the o·epartment of Labor and· , injunctive relief sougl:lt·fn the·same pro~eding · . Employment. To hold· otherwise i~ ~o· sanction . and ..s1,1bsequently· denied· by the Commission ·splitting o,f.ju~isdiction'.wti'i~h·.is obriOxiou.s.'to the. (NLRCRULES,Rule X; Sec; 7).
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become final and-sxecutory and so can no Longer be challenged, there is no question either that it must be enforced in accordance with its terms and
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When a motion for execution may beflled before .. ~-: the.. Labor Arbiter · ·. :· · · ·· . · : . . !-; · 1 . · '(-Jhen the. labor Arbiter has possession of the J. caserecords: or ·· . · . :f 2. · Upon 'subrnisslon of certified ·-true: copies of. the "decisions or fin.al,c:>_rderfs souqht.tobe enforced . ii!including notice of decision · or order · and the · ~/ · ~rjtry :of· judgment,". Cb·py furnished .the adverse ·· l party (NLRC-RULES, Rule XI, sec. 1 (b)).
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· The NLRC.has.authority to ·look into the· corre·ctn.ess of the execution of the. decision and to consider supervening event~ that may affect.Such execution (Bliss De.velopme()t. co;p. 1.1101.7, August 31, 1995).
v. NLRC,
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-Effect qf Petifiori for Certio;ari ~ith CA ~r SC on · E;xecution · . . · · _ .. . . . . ii s.hall riot stay the executi9n of the a.ssailed · decision uri!ess a restraining order is issued-by said . courts (NL.RC:R~L!iS'.·Ru/e XI, Sec. 4). . . .
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. . · · . . ., · Effe~t ~f.a Motion.to Lift Entry.·of Judg~ent . ~.': .Effect_of_Peifected Appeal · ..·· ·. ·,,,.('."> . The _exe~ution proceedings shall notbe suspended; . .It stays the execution _of 'the decision of the Lalwr·: 7'fJ · and the records of the ca.se shall not be elevated to A_r~iter.· except execution fat reinstat_~ment pe_n.1'.~~~;(;.).. ·_th_e Comtn~~sion unless ~rder~d (NLRC.RUL_ES, ~pp~~I (Nlf:?C-RUL,ES, Rule XI! Sec: 3). · . , \}"J··H·:i-•·,}· Rule XI, Sf:C: 5) .. · : . . · . . · ·.. . · ' · · ·ri ,.c,\+·~·•t, ~· · .·Wheri_: wrjt··· of. execution by" motlon :9r:,-1'bi·;·i-~:~~~.~~.~.utidp Corifere.nce .; . . · . il'l~e_P.ende.~t actionmay be 'i~sued". Wit~m--Z:w!;ir.~;1r.gpa~i;; from. rec~ipt of~ rnot!on for_ . w,th1r:i 5 y~~.rs from the data rt becqm,es-.~nal an""dJ-:-~ the.1):;suan?fr~ta wr_1t of execution w~1ch shall be· executory.. After :th~. lapse: of suct.i~;::p,e.pod.· th!:¥',,.. i"\. acconip.anJ~
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Enforcemerit of Writ .,of Execution . The Sheriff, or. other. authorized officer acting as . Sheriff of the Commission shall serve the writ within .. 3 ..days fromrecelpt'of the' same' (Nl..,RC RULES, Rule XI, Sec.. 8). · · ·
Fqr monetary · judgm.ent on cases involving OF.Ws, the manner of exeeution shall be ·in . accordance with R.A. No. 10022 (NLRC RULES, Rule XI,.Sec.. 9 (d)).
Break Open Order Should. the losing party, his agenf or representati.ve, ··Manner, of Exe·cution ~f Mone.tar/Judgment .. refuse or .Prohibit th~ sheriff, · or ·hrs agen·t or t. Immediate payment.en demand' . authorized representative entry to the .place. where In case of voluntary, tender of. payment PY the the .property subject' of execution is located or·kept, losing 'party,Jt must bee . . . . . . . the prev~iling. party fTlay fil~· a· motion for. a break a ... It shall be. effected.beforethe Labor Arblter . ·of Executive' Labor Arblter in the pre~t3'nce· open ord~r·· (NLRC RULES, Rule· XI, .:se.c. 1V, .as of the· prevalllnqparty.: . . . . . . . ..... . . amended.by En Banc Re~olution No. :11-t2, Series .. '?' 2012):' . . . . b.. · If prElv.ailing partyis absent, tender' is made · ··by' deposiflnqthe samewith the Cashier. of -. the NtRC ·or authorized -deposltory bank . Execution.in Caseic:>f.Death . .. . . and shall be reteased.onty upon brder.of-the . · Jf a party.dies after the entry the entry of.judgment or . · Commission or Labor Arbiter who.lssuedthe . issuance. of .certiflcate of finality, .execution may ·· , .writ (tJLR(; RULES, Ru~eXI, Sec.. 9 (e)). -.,=-~ssue or. if issued, may· be enforced, · in .accordance 2. . lnthe eyent· al f?!f~re", or. refu.sal . of.'.~fe:i:I~. s1~g 1U" . - iTu.'lli~{~~les of Col.irt (NL.RC RULES,.Rule XI, Se.c: party. to f)ay the Judgment. awar91r:me .~t,i~rrff , [titJ.f 1r )0 . . . . . . . · . . . . · .· · shall immediately:furnish the-, loajpg;-P.1frt¥·ffei~f-r l · · _,\.,. · · .. · . · , .copythereof by registered ·IT;\~ll"gt\~"'cwfftier . : Exifo\uioVor ..~;1p·statement-PendingApp~~I . . authorized bythe .co.mmfssJ
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JURIS.D.ICTION· . AND REMEDIES ,SAN BEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OUEl(ATIONS ~ MEMORY AID 2019.
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.§ervice by.the ..third party claimant on the officer making the levy and upon the j1,Jdgment creditor of an affidavit Of title (RULES OF. COURT, RULE 39; -seo; 16). ·
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Note: If. the third -p~rty claim is denied wi.th finallty, the bond shall 'be made answerable in lieu at the property subject of- the third party claim (NLRC, RULES, Rule XI, Sec .. 14 (d}, as amended by' En Beru: ResolutionNo. 14-15, Series of 2015), ·
:NoJe: ThJs ls.also.known as tercerla. The above rernedles.are cumulativeand may be resorted' to' by a third-party clalmant independent of or separately from and without need ofavaiiinq of. . the others (Yupangco Cotton Mills, lnc., v. CA, G.R.. No.' 126322, January 16,.. 2002). . . ... .
RTC Injunction ag,ainst NLRC . General.R~le: No court has the power to .interfere 'by injunctjon with judgments of another court with concurrent/ coordinate· jurisdiction (2. AZUCENA, supra f)f 1.49). · · · · · ·
{ · Third Party .Claim . "'. J(a· property levied JS claimed by any" other person· {: other than the· losing party; such personmay file a f third party ·claim: not ·later jhan 5 ·days from the last day at . posting· or publication of .the notice · of J~ execution sale, otherwise the claim shall tie forever. j: . parred (NLRC RULES,,Rule XI;·Sec. 14)-. .
E~ceptio~;
Whe; a· t~ird.~p~rty ¢~~plaint .is, inv~lved .· (Yupangco.Co.tton · Miss, Inc.,· v.. CA, 6.R. No. 126322, January 16, 2002). : ·.: ,, . .
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; . ' · · ..... - · . .. .: ·. . . · : ·.. · -· . . ... _ -,.,-:'r) ·. Not?:' If the .property und~r levy. does n~t belong to ''i'.: Requisites for a .third party claim a~e: ~ABDF) ,~/''/)•i the judqrnent, debtor 1n the. NLRC case, ,t_·qoul.d not · ·.·>·1. Ar:1.Affidavltstati1"1gtit_le.toproperty.or'righttcnh1f/~'\ be validly levied .upon by the $heriff for the~ } - . poss_e~sion thereof, with supportinq ev/den{i~~/:.: .-·;;) sat!sfact_rori'of the j~clgmenf therein'. If t~~ third party 1,: ·2 .. Posting of a cash or surety ~ond equwalen,\.tQ.. : ,.,,! ~cl~1J!l81'1~ d9~s not.involve nor grows -out of a· labor .. \t ·. th~. amount ofthe claim or judgment awa!,c:j:{/ ·'·,[~·''.'7.Ldi~~µte,,a#,ei1~rafeaction for injunctive relief against · :i;'. 3. In ~a~e·o( re~I ~roperfy, posting offar,~_tfurklable~' suc;n·1~vy-:ma'V be maintaine~ in court '(Co Tuan v. ;, · cash ~ep.os1.t of ~20,000 to.r thl1:A!>~:¥'°1ent of'J.: NLRC,_ G.!.?ff'.)r!.17232, April 22,1~98). -repubhcat1on_ of notice of 8l;JCt10.n:~a!~;r~md ~ )--·- l~ - /j if '\\ · · .· · 4. P~yment'of'filing fee (NLRC _F;IJy:E~.(!Wle !(I, · I'~( She_riff':-1-;etpr\a!'l~Report ·· ' , · S,ec,. 14(a); as;!1,'!1fJndedbY.,,Ejtl"Banc'fje'solut1op. · · f,,1 · Th~ ""'.n». of.Jiexe~utlofl .. :s.~all. be re~urned to the · ·. No: 14-15, · Sene~ of 201 y)..<..._.•_. · ?~~ . : ,:.-"\'. I,;~ Comm1~s1~n:;~~ ~.ft>or ·Arbiter 1mr:n~d1at_ely after the . : . \:./ =.·!.'i «'!>;. 1 ·.,,-::~:<:-· . .full SciJ!sragt1on'l'l'.'<1pn?judgment award:· In <;:ase of Where to J:'ile· · · · '\.. . ··t1,~·. ~. . c-S•·) . · partial ol~:~sfactionof the judgment, the sheriff .. "T:he thfr~. party claim sh~uld· be fi.t~~~iJ~~t~'~ N~'1% enfor~i!'Jg.t~e·writ s~all su?mi.t a report upd<,'lt.ing}he. or LA· w~ere the. e~ee::ut10~ proceedJf1g_ 1s ·Bt}ridmg, r=-
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The .. propriety of .the· third party. claim· shall-- be . In case 6f tQtal or,pa,rfial reversal 0f judgment by the resoived wlthfn· 1.0 working·day~ from ~ubmission. of· . . ·Co!,Jrt of Aj:,peal.s, the execution proce·edings.shallbe the. claim for 'resofutkm'. Tlte' decision of the Labor . · susper:ided. 'irjsofar as ttie rever.sal is concerned: . Arbiter is··not appealable but may be elevated to. tl")e . notwithstanding th~ pend ency... of ~-. motion for . Commissio'n via a v~-rified ·petition under Rule XII. '· reconsideration on such'judgment {NL.RC RULES, . .Pen.ding ,resoluti.on ther'!30f, exe~uti'oa shc:l'li proceed · ·. -~u/e XI; Sec.. 17). . :-against alJ ..other prope~es ·not. subject of the third · · party_ claim· (NL:.RC RUL'E=.S, Rule XI, -Sec: 14 '(di, as
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2019 $AN'.BEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPE~TIO~S·
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229
ANO R.EMED.IES.
JURISDICTION:
· SAN CJ~DA-IAWC£NTRALIZED _OAROPERATIONS -·MEM_.QllYAID-2019
Note: If the CA de~isiori is reversed by the. SC, exec1,1tiqh proceeding$ . shall commence upon. presentation of certified true copy of the decision and_ · entry of judgment (NLRC RULES, Rule'XI,Sec. 17). 'Restitution ., · If th~- executed judgment ts totally. or · partially reversed or annulled by tlie CA. or SC- witli . finality and 'r.estitution is so· ordered, the Labor Arbiter' shall', on motion, _iss1,1e such order ·of restiMion ··of-the exect(ted-.awarci,, except_ reinstatement' wages paid ·. pending appeal (NLRC RUL_ES,-Ru/e.XI; ;$ec. '18).· .
Grounds The petition may be entertained only if there is no· appeal or any other plain, speedy and adequate remedy in the ordinarycourse of law, and based on· the followlnq.qrounds: (FAfQ~) . . 1, If a party by fraud, accident; mistake or · excusable negligence has been prevented from taking an appeal;. · . 2. If there is prime! facie- 'evidence of Abuse of discretion 'on the part of.the Labor Arbiter.': · :3. If the orderor resolution will cause Injustice if not · rectified: .
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-.4. · · 'ii made . purely
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on .Questiqns law; or . : . Examination _of Losing Party .When·.Judgment 5: .. lf;,eriou~J;rrors in':the'findings of facts areraised Unsatis.f-~d · · . " . , . . . ·~ · whi_c:;_h, if not corrected; -would cause. grave .or When nnsatisfled in Whole .oriri part, the pr¢vailing .. irreparable damage or injury' to the petitioner . · · · party, at any time after such return is ii;ade, shall.be. (N.LRCRULES,Rule XII; Sec. 2, ·as amended.by entitled to an order ..frorn the Labor Arbiter wh'o .. 'El? BeneResolutionNo, 05-14~ Series.0(2014). rendered the· said ju_d_gment;·riaqu.irir;ig. s~ch -'?si~~',...=·-~ . · . · · -, · · . . .. . . . ·; ·· party to appear and be examined concem11}9J:l1~.(f'.i~r 1r. -v ·. 1(.ffi:~~!ld Where to File · . property-and Incomebefore such Labob.C..'roite~ata J jl
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230· I 2019 SAN BEDA LA.W CE~TRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS
fURlSDIC.TION .AN_D.REMEDIES. .
. •SAN BWA LA.I'/ CENTRALIZEDBAR OPERATION~- M~ORY AID 2019
. v,:ithin 15. calendar days from the tiling of the Answer to the Petltlo.n . petition .. · · . . Within 1 O calendar days from. the receipt . of the If no temporary restraining .orcer or writ of· petition, . private respondent should file his/her prellminary injunction is· issued-within the _said 'answertheretn stating.the grour1d/s why1he petition period, the money collected, of credit gaJ1ll.shed 'sh9uid be denied. Fa"il_yre on the part of the. private shall be- released and/or the properties levied . respondent, to file - his/her answer within the s.aid upon sold by 'public auction and.the proceeds "of period may be construed as a waiver to file the same the sale applied, to satlsfythe judgment. (NLR · -i· . A"b't r I er. (NLRC RULES , R f!...fJ: . f->!>e.§,-r-,, r.,:i :...~-~.:.;,J.l~.,lt'~ • .;:;~ .. · ... ·
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t' · Se"r.v.ice ~nd Fili~g :of Pleadings
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· · · : ·· . . ·. The _party fllirig the pleliidinijs -shall s!;!i:ve t~e :other parfywith copies: tt,ereof irta_ccord_an(?e.iNitfffZule ·1 ~ ofthe-~ul~&.of Court''fumishing 'the Labor__-Arbiter w_it~ .a' copy (NLRC RULES." R(Jle Sec,. 6). . .
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Not~: it. last a~y to serve ~nd file ·a plep~i~~ f;lls ~ .. : .. on .a Saturday, Sunday .or holiday, the ·pleading l?hall . . be. skrved' arid filed 01'1 the 1s1 working <;lay f.:- immediately'"tallowing 'Suet,. Saturday;_: S4nday or· t l:ioll~ay"(NL.RC: RUL:~$. 'i~t.ile XI,; Sec. 6), ·.. . , . ·: . l "'..· .. ~·:
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_Jt~";:-•1/moy,r.i~ as may be determine_d-·by the Commission, · - · ·. · ·. · . . . · · ~-;( .. 6:;1;r~t.!!....=-t0:rr'Efi;:0~se those enjoin~d fo~ any loss, expense· The cost aw.(lrded in.such proc'eea'ti;i~~ if1·1f"@VOr or darnc:i1;ie caused by the improvident.or erroneous' of the, petition~r shalt. be. against~!gJivate'· - · issuah.ce ·of. such 9rder or i~Junction, i11c:1u.pfng all . responclent only. . · ··· · · · reasona.ble costs. : · .th~t o.fthe public respond~nt.
The ii"l!bHc.~El!>;ci_ndentsh~il· nci~appe~; ~r file ~n . ftff' . . . ·. .·pleac;ling-1herein.' ar'!swer . or ':comment to. the·· petiti6.h .·· or 'any Sec. r~- · · . 5)." , · ·_·: :·: :· ·· (NLRC'RIJLES~ · ·. . .-. . '. . . . . ·.. - .. . .
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The t~mporary re~trairiihg ol"d·e~ ~r of preli~inary . -injunction Shall become effectivf:only·upon ~sting bf the :required .cash bo.nd (NLRC RULES, Rule XII, sec.· 1.1;. .
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Effect of lnjuri'~tion
. . . Unle~ otherwise ·de.clared by_ ttie -Commiss_icin, shall .. . . not -sus'pei:ld. th"e.. pr6ceed!ngs .. bef9re the °Labor · Arbiter pr . stay the· implementation of the writ of . execu"tion but ·shall. only ·restrain -or enjoin :such ."particular acUs as therein. <;lecreed·'tci be restrained or enjo.ined '(Ni..RO RULES;· Ru/~- XII, Se,p. 12). ·. · .
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Resolution of the Petition . · .. If the Commission finds "that. th~ allegations. of the~ pe_tition are tru~, 'it:shall: (RGP)· · · · ; 1 .. BeAder jydgmentfor th_e relief praye9·for or to . which.th~ pe.titi?ner is enti~led:. and/or · .
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2019 SAN'BEDA LAW.CENTRAL.JZEDBAR OPERATIONS. j 231.
JUR.IS·DICT·ION. AND· RE~1'EDIES. .
..~ UM CM iAAlb
SAN BEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR "OPERATIONS.~·M.EMORYAID 20J9
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Grant a.final injunction perpetually enjoining fhe ·. Labor Arbiter or any person acting under his/ ne.r authorlty from the commission ot. the acUs or" confirming the· preliminary injunction 3. .Disrniss the petition .if it finds the same to. be: .(MDQA) . . · ·. . , a. Patently without Merit, . . b. Prosecuted mariifestly for .Q!3lay, · . · c. That the' Questions raised therein are too .unsubstantia] to.require consideration, qr d .. ·when an .8i>peal -or' any other ptain, speedy ·_. and adequate remedy in the qrd_iria!Y.~ourse of-law i.s available {NLRC RUl,..E$, Rule XII, · Sec:·13). · · 2.
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cases that fall withih the BLR's J_urisdictlon, -: The following cases. are within the 0riginal and exclusive authority of the ·.BLR: (110) · r, Intra-union conflicts; · 2. intersunio.n confflcts; arid ,. · · 3. - Other related. · labor disputes,"· grievances or problem's arising . from . or. affecting labor. management relatlons (LABOR CODE,- Ari. 232)..
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N6te:. Disputes 6~ grievances arising .from·· the . implementation· or interpretation of CBAis not.witbin the :authority of 'the. BLR;. it· s.liaU be the .subject of · grievance. procedure, and/or voluntary arbitration (LABOR
coos. .Att. -232). '. · . .
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The.~~ount of damages·that may be. recovered by tne private respondent from.the injunction bond.shall _BlR's functions mustbe delineat~d as against the be ascertained and awarded in.the decision/ order/ fu.nctio11s of.the following~DOLE Offlcers:' . resolutlon .finally,_dispo~ing· of the_ issu_e on ~he'="~,~·-Medi~tor-Arbiter;_ · . application for injunction (NLRC RULf=S, '}J!Jf>ffeXfJ,1f ..., ?.- "'~k-~,f}ir~ct?r;and_ . · .. __ . · Sec. 14). · · ·. · . · _ .. f?,_:~ ~ .})\)D_'fLf%.'~~1onarDm:ctor. . , is N_o. Appe~-1 from the qrd~r- ~r R~s<£i~;j~q!,;the:ae:c--"'==~-ii1iti:il~i?Jl~o~ Med-Ar'biter an ~fficer in the_ LA arising from· the. Execµtioif"Rr{cJ;;J''ff"g~""g_!i=~"""""''"re!!JiQJJal~~~ff{ce qr,,,.bureau authorized to hear,· other Incident~· . . . . · / f''"'"' '~,r/ Jc, .~.9ncilia'fr, ati&9~1d\.represeritationcases, intra or Except by way of a petition ,t1l,:tt111¥~f;ord~r,ce "".iW)_ . .ih'ter-uni~n . Cii_siputes~\ and. other ~elated la?Or t.his Rule, no appeal fro~ tJj~ pr JsoJ.u_t!on . .. .. rel<Jti¢>nsp, disp~_tijs,f~x)?ept~ncell_at1on of .union issued by the. Labor Arb1te,u :dlicp~ the ~eGiolt1.0~r"-reglslratfcin cas~s'(IW,1ftt'Labor Code, Dook \I, Rule proc~edings <:>r in :~E::lation tiff ~:!Q,~p!s oth1r th~an_~,~~! t::'1~{$J§c. 11£!.s amf&ed)., ~ . .: decision or d1spos1.~1on of -t~e Caffr on th,,.~e_r!i~LJlEit.:::~~J ··M ~~ stia'JI be allowed. or acted u~oa~y-~h~.p0l{1t_n1ss19.fl~~his pr/;fefjff ~ed4~r~iter-s can be implied from · (NLRC RULES! f:ulo.XII. Se(?, 1 thfti.i3~;efr,4Code which- prm/ide~ t~r; the . · , · \.;, (JI) ~it~-@):1G.tio~S>6ftije· Bt,/}' and thE: Lab?r Relations · -· . . . ~. \ . "' ...· "· -:~ "\\'tJJ~$,~m'$"in Reg_i9f1al ?ffices of ~~IC~ the Med- . · · · F ~·,BO~ · '-,,/~,, -~7A ·1 Vis·-~t! offic~f, (MY. San 81scwts Inc. v. B URE~U .0 -J.N(: ~ '(.Si ... '!£·-,. - 'fi_'g,ur;1.sl1Jfi{G.R. N,<X 95011, April 22, 19fJ1). •
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r t1.etet~lP:~Jl9fl'"o9the existence_ of Er-E;erel,at1onsh1p lVlta~d>:_~er'issues.· He is als~ ~n:,p.owe~ed, to "decide. · . . · . . ·, ; · . ·. · ~~-a--.~~tlferissue~ related to the ehg1b1hty of employees to ARTICLE.2_32: BU"RE~l,.IOF LABOi:t .~-=1,-f':!IONS, --v.o_te.. Howev~r•. the .M~d;Arbit!3r cannot_proer. ;he re~ Exect,itive:O(der NQ. 292,:9r tfle A..dm1rn.stra~1.vE::Code __ . . negotiation of a ·CBA; t)is .authority.being ·confined to of tne(Philippines; Title Vll, Chapter IV, Secho~ 16 . the determination of.the exclus.ive bargajning·agent proyic,les for _ttte f1,1hctio~s. of th_e ~LR.· . · ih th.e bargaining uriit (H90."F~es6ur~esCorporat(ori v. · ·. ·. 1 ons '· ·.an d. A_..l!thon·.t yo··f. t"h e -8·LR. . · Mei' ares, G.R. No. 208986,· January 13,201"6), . ·. F.·I.met · · . · .. . . .. . .. , . The BLR shall: .. .. . . . . Powers of th~· IVled-Ai:,biter .· . . . ·.. .· . f. Set policies, standards, ano-.wocecJures on th~ . . .. 1.' · ln)uncti-ye_·. Power . _, _The · Med~Arbiter is retjistration. ahd" supervision of legitima_t_e· 1a~m' . . . poss"esse<;!· t!,e. power fo iSSt,Je tempofary union· activities includir:ig denial, canc~llation, re$training'.· order and the: writ ,of injuiictlon ir:i and revocation of labor union ·permits; . . · ·: . approp"r.iatecase's (Dinio v.. L,ag_uesma, G.R: No. 2 .. Set policies·, stahdar-d_s, and°'procedur'e~ relating 1084.75,'June 9,:1997); · . to collectlve· bargaining agreements. and:,the 2. · -Contempt Power -. The · Med~Arbiter has examination of financ!a! rec9rds accou~ts of contempfpo-.yer (!RR of LABOR CODE, ~ooky, lapor ·organizations to-"determinE:J compliance , RuleXXJll,Sec.. 1;as.a.m_ended). .-. with relevant laws; and . ·, · ·· · ·.. , ~.- PrOvide proper Odei:1~.ation-t9 . Workers on t.fleir.. "· Note:· Factual findings of Med~Arbfters~re "accorded . schemes arid. projects. for improvement-of the .great respect. They are binding. if{h_ey are suppo_rted standards of living of-workers arid .their families . ·.by · Sl,lbstan~ial evidence and there e~ists- . no (£;.O. ~92, Title VII, Chapt~r'IV, Sec. 16). 9apricious exercise.of· judgme_nt warra,:iting reversal TITLE TH'REE: ~UREA!.J·OF LABOR
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232' I · 2019 SAN SEDA LAW C.El:-JTRAUZ~D.BAR OPE~TiONS
t. ~.:.
JURIS.DICTION AND. REM.EDI-ES ~N.::.~ALAW CEN;:;:!..~ ..
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OPERA=- MEM(?RY ~ro 2
·{;.~by certiorari (A.O .. Gothong "Manufacturing Corp._._ · if,-£mployees Union-.4.lU . v. Contesor, G.R. No. i(:113638, November 16, 1999). · · . ~ ·. .. . ,ff 1ss.Liance of Subpoanas. L1tie BLR shall have the power to require. the :;,f·appeara·nc~of any person orthe production of,any .:;,(paper, docun:i_en!;. or . m_atter ·:relevant· to a, _ labor ~t·dispute under its jurtsdlctlon, either at therequest of ,. ar:'Y mterested.party pr at its own ·initia_t!ve (/.,ABO/::
...their local chapters. affiliates and member organizations (!RR of LABQR' tobE, Book V, Rute'XtV,"Sec. 1, as
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Request for examination of book·s of accounts of said labor organizations (LABOR c·ooE, .Att. ·289);
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"Execution of decls loris', crders,' or awards. of ... .J··Med-Arbiters -; . ,. ,f ·. The Med-Arbiter may, upon .his.own lnltlatlveor on · "tf motion .of any. -interested .. party, jssue a.. writ of execution OFI ajudgrne.ntwifhin 5 years from the date ·\': ..it becomes final and executory, requiring the Sheriff ':.. or a duly deputized officer to execute or enforce the . ;·. same (IRR_.of LABO~ CODE,:Book V, Rule XXIV;_;,,:,;;)-
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Sec. 1,as emended}.
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P1;1r~t1~n~ ~o _E_.O: !':Jo~ 1~6. the NC~B has ab~o~'9~~,'1',;:'";:_,;, the concillation, mediation, arid voluntary arb1tr.a!1oh_J·'(li~ ·, - functions·of the BLR (E.O. No. 126, Sec. 22). /57 '.f'
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E:O. No: 251 removed from \he, juri~:{fj.ci{fon of thp),~~~
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lotra~Ul"JIOn diSp\Jtes involving said · labor orgar:iizations ·. (LABOR ·.CODE, A(f.. 232);
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a,jiended); .. . . . . 2 .. Registration of CBAs or re- . .• . h~g9tiated CBAs (!RR- of LABOR CODE, Boqk V, _Rule_ XVIII, .Sec. aend .Sec. : . B;·qS amended); a~d.: ... ·.
Not~:· The parties may, by. agr.~enf,'~ettlt:P-theLc..... (;-~ . ~ · differences by subr.nittirJg. the,r(.'.c~set
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·. Note: . Decisic;ihs in lnter-~ni6n. disputes_:" ;re not - appealable .to the. SLR Director .but dir.ectly to the -DOLE Secretary (LABOR.c'ODE, Arl. 272). . .
2. ·Intra-union conflicts; and
· 3. · Gther ·related labor re.la.lions . · .disputes; · ,(!RR- of. LABOR .. COPE, Book V, Rufe .t.".Sec. .. 1 (ii)).... · Complaints. ·and pethio.ns ·. involving. the registration J>r ' c~ncellatior.i of reg_istratlori .. ! . of-.: fe.derations, . national unions, · Industry. -unions, trade. URIOn centers .and· '
·'
Inter: ~Union Dlsp·uies . . . An Inter-union dispu(e ·or rep/esentation. dispute is ·on~ :ciccqrring. or ~arned on. between or among· unions. It ·refers, to any conflict hetween and among union members,. in~luding grievances. arising frqm any_ v.iolation·' ·-of th~ right~. ·and conditions of . memb~"rsllip; violatiori" of or disagreement over any· provision of t)le union's con·stifution and by-laws, or di~l?utes arislng·from· dliartering qr affiliatl~n oh1hion
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2019 SAN SEDA
LAW CENTRALIZED.BAR .OPERATIONS .I 233
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JURIS.D·ICTION.AND .I
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, SAN ~EOA·LAw_cnmtA.LJZE.DBAR OPERATIONS- Mf;MORYA)D_2019
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({RR of LAEJOR COD(f, Book V, Rufe {, Sec. 1 (bb),
Examples ofIntra-Unlon Disputes: .. . 1. Conduct or nulllficatlon "Of election-of officers of · unions and worker's. asscclation; . Broadly;:lt refers to any confllct between 'and among 2. :Audit or accounts· examination of union or legil_imate . labor ur:ii_qns . · i~volv!ng. :.repre.s.entation worker's association funds; . questions· for purp9se~ of collective bargalnmi;1or to 3. Dereqistration of CBA; any other conflict or dlspute t?elween.legitirtla~e labor 4.. Validity/invalidity of union. affiliation or , unions (/RR of LABO~ CODE, Book V,-~ule I, Sec. disaffiliation;· 1 (x), ~s emended}, ," · 5. Validity/iriv~lidity · of acceptance/ non. a_c .. ceptance tor union mernbershlp: Intra-Unton Di_spute~! . · .. 6-. 'Opposition to application for union or CBA An intre-umon dispu/,e or intern.a{ union: dispute reqistration; · · -refers to· a conflict wit~in and inside 'a labor union. It 7-. · Violations of· or, disagreements·· over . .any is any conflict Qetweeljl and among unioh. members, . .. provision of the constitution arid .by-laws of a in,cludir.ig grievances al-lsing from ah_y°violatron_of the union_ or worker's assoclatton; . ~igh.!~ and conditions ~f membership_. _violatio.n .~f ~r 8. Disagreements over char.tering or registration of .: disag:ee_m~ot. over. pr;ov_i~i9n· 9f tqe_ -~n.ion s. . labor organizations-or the· registration of CBA; · co~st,t~t,o~ ~.nq ~y-~~ ::\ or .~1spl!(tes ans mg from 9. Violations of 'the rig!)ts · .end' -conditlons of_· charter-mg or. affjhatior1 o .union ·__IR_R _of LA_B~~•=- membership in a union or worker's association:'.. C(?DE,_ Bookv, Rufe 11 sec: 1 {bb), as am~n_."gjlfi}:;-__ -<1~ielations of the r1ghts of:.the legitimate tabor as emended}. · .
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· Nrite': .Arif ~~~plai_ntJ:ir. petition witt,i)ffeg~ti~~of · .\ I ,vorpa1i.z-a:tt_?n~ •. ~xce~t int?.rp_retaji~n of CB.A:s; mish_an_dlirig., misapprqr,irj~tion:or: l'.lJ}A-aa~oq;;t1ng,,Qf":"=-..~~\,{~h~~Yf,.,._m~~I ia1ty O! the 'fl!iJhls <:>f 1!11 reachm~nt/ !un~s in_ viola.ti. ., l;J.@(!)K"V: jk ~·~~~yiam~\\a~~ officer ._and ~e~qer, · Rule XIII, Sec, 4, as a/p"anded).'f/...J~ ·· )P> ·w m~l~dmg-!).~~ \~nsin~ from non-compliance . . . . .-_ . ·. . · · . · 1 _, , . . 'V f - _ _. . . . Ji'~ ,£0\ with \the r
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: c. Betwee_n·. the_.j corpq.ra~&'!, .. P~_'.;t~h1~lEN11-1~o~JJ.1et a·,labor _orga~1zation an~ the .. association ~11-d the · -~ta't\ ins<;1~-a~~~!9-y~r01;s1w~d1v~~ua,1, e!"'ti~. or gr~up t~at 1i, n?t .. _"frar.i_ct,"_is~; perp:iit -or.·Hcen~~~;"Qtl.ft}ate:is=......u,<~.,..l.ab.pr~~Jl)JZat1on or '!"Orker_s _assoc!~t,on.•_Thrs . _con~erned; an~ . .- ... · : - , I{ 1(A"2fpd...es:'/.. . . . . .. · . . ... ·.... _ d. . An:i'?ng ·t.he I stockholders.·,:- p~iinei's~...QJ: ..,.;;_.~~g_ar-feellat101'1 ~f. . reg1strat1on of ~rn1:ms and . . · associates,-themselves (G11/fo· v. · '.Ancheta, · worker's.ass9c;1at1ons; ~nd·- · .. · . GR:·_N,o._·:115?.'pi,' August 15,··2012) ... ·. · 2. A peti_tion; .for. inte~fe,ad~r· .(/RR .. ·of· L.:ABO_R.: 2: ; Controversy Test appli~s wtier'i the. dispute is · _CODE, R'!le XI! Sec... ! (B);·~~ am~ndl')d),. . · . ... 'i-oo•ted ln> tll!:} .exi~ten.ce of.··an intra-corporate . . . . '' . . ' rela'tionsl)ip, and refer.sto·the enforcernenfofthe Case;; Where the BLR h~;-_No J'or.lsdlctio'n.... : -~ . ·p~rties' correlative}l'ights rami obiig.at-lpns· under · · . Th'ose~.. arising from .the . · lmpleni~ntatiori or .. the Corporation CqJe, aswell as t!Je lnte~nal and -!nferpretation ofCl;iAs which.shall .be ·the_ subje_9t·d · intr_c1·corporat~ ·r1~QU!atory_, rules ·.·of·. the ·gfievance procedure. and/ Oi'°"VOIU°ntary:qrbitra\ion ' . . . corporatipn · (C_acho_·. v. : Bafaf}tas, $.R. . ~o .. · · (/RR 9f _lABQR C<;)DE, Rulti :x6( Sec. 4,: a~·.. .. 2029,74,:F~bruary r,.-?_018).. , ·: ·. . , _-. .. · an:if!ndei:J.).. . -'.· · . . . .
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· .Example.s of Inter-Union ·oispt,1tes: . ·· · ·· 1 .. ·. Validity{ . in~aJioitY] of. v9luntary recognition, . certification electiqn·, consent election; run-off · eiectiOI'} Or.° re-run ejeqtion·; ·. . . ·; , · .. 4 .. -suc_h: _other .dispute~. or. ·co11flicts ·involving -the · rig_hts to self-org_~hization, u_nion fl1embership and collective bargaining between and .among · l_egitir:nate -·labor org~niz:ations (/RR ,of LABOR CODE, Book_'V, Rule XI, Sec. ·3,'• amended). I •, . •!
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234 I -~019 SAN BEDA~W CE;NTRALIZE.DBAR OJ?ERATIONS
· · 1abor organi2af)on · (LLO) or. ·niemberh;° the(i;of specially_ concerned . . · . : . : .- , , 2; _. .For· other related labor relations· disputes: .. a·ny:party~in-interesl (/RR of ) ..,fi.B,Of{.:coiJE, ·. f!Jook v, Rule XI, Se~·- ·.3, ·as amende_d).
JURISDICTION .AN.D REM.EDI.ES SAN Bf.OA LAW CEN"T'RALIZEDBAR OPERAT/ONS - MEMORYAID :i.019
Xwh~re t~ File The Regional Office that issued its certificate of .registration· or certitlcateot creation.of chartered local if it· involves labor unions ·. with mdependerit registration, · chartered locals, worker's association: its officers. o~ members. ·,r ~2. · Directly with the BLR- if it involves a Federation/ •.;f'·. · National Unions/ Industry Unions, its officers,.ot member organizations (/RR ofLA{30R CODE,
b. · Article 250 .~.lso ·expressly declares that the report may be made, alternatively, by "any member or members specially concerned"; and .. . . ·. · ·c.· lntra~uoi~n conflicts_ are n:ow un~er the -exclu.sive jurisdiction of the BLR (Verceles, v .. BLR, G.R .. 'No, 152322, February. 15,
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V, Rule XI, Sec. 4, as amended).
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Involvinq amember only, .. In such case; only the .affected member may file i=9rmal:' Requirements of ¢omplaints/ Petitions . the complaint- Redress. must 'f!rst be 'sought {)lot,lnter-/ lntra-Unlon _Disputes: (WOA) . Within the union itself in accordance. wlth its· ·1-. - ,n Wryting; :. . . constitution and by-laws ex~epf under any·qf the \. 2·. Verified under Qath · . :""following circumstances: (FED2JA3P) .·.. , . 3. 'Contalns the, following averrnents; "(PRN-'FCR·- a .• futility of intra-union.remedies; '" RC) · · · · b. .lrnproper Exj:i"ulsiofl procedure: 'a, · Name, address and other ·. personal c. Undue .Qelay · in appeal · as .to constitute cir'ct:mistanbes of the complainanus) qr substantialinjustice: .· . ".!~etitiorier(s); · /'"'i d. The actlon.is for Qamages; · b. , Name,·. address · · arid ot~er . persof!~(~)( e. Lack··of Jurisdiction of ·the in"'.estigating . circumstances· .the· Respondent(s}'.>eri/ .\ · ·· bc:,dy;._ ..., . 'persorus) charqed; (~~,~: f .. Action. of- the ·administrative agency is c. . Nature of the complaint or petition; . ~ ;..."J'._ · · · pa~tly illegal. arbitrary, and oppressive; · .d. Facts and circumstances surroundinj.'t~:" ..'1{.';;.z:.._-,.gr,.-ls~i:,~lis Purely a' question of law; 1'.J ·complaint-or petition; ,,,_ _.,.,-r:5~ ii . th.e .Administrative agency had · -. e. .. ~aus~s of action or SP!39i_f~~~olationil_7-11 alr7 prejud9ed !h_e ca~"'; and _, .· co111m1tted; , . . .. · . 1';.;,/\_ ,, _.J!~~\ i.. lfl)Je~e'Mhe 8dmrmstrat,ye ~gency was ·· J. · A statement· that _th~.·.:-_:i;lclrt;i!rJl?-tt-at,.v~. !d. . p,r;act~cai~ygiven th~_opportunity.to act on tt)e-. Remedies provided {?J:ffi1.the c&iistitutiop. . . %asei1 buf{~t did not . · . . . , ·· . an9 by-laws haye be,en;1rp;chau~.t!,"l~; or !tJcli~ f;.,;j' . . . · 1,'f . . :· ~ . '\ . . • '. · : ·. I . . remedi7s are·. not . ~a~il~b;l!; t~~~ hi Eff?~l~T'~"!;'f.t~~r9t9'P Pend ency. gf Inter~/ ·~tra~ . complainants or·pet1t1oli_E;.[S tl}r:01'.lg,h}'lo tat,ill : Umqn «OJ~Q.Y.lj?~nd Other Labor: Relatmns · of h1s/their own; or com~i~!_'l®-1:--.,Yl\h suq'.11 ·. Disputes . · . . . . - . . . <:1dmin_i~tra_tive_ rem~~ies do.esr/i~t ~apply :to, ,....J.i<-Jhe:ri~pts, relatio~ships ar:id_ obllgations -of th_e ·.complamanls or.petitioners: ''<°'pl~ · /.1. ,,.1~;.,·:.~J?JIJ;iy,:hf1gants· agatns! each qth.er ··.and ott)et. g,····ReHef!_?. prayed for; and · ~,;:....,..,·A..!1.!L~c....;pa1iiei4n4nteresf·pri61':to .t~e·i'!1Stitµti6n. of tl}e h'.. • Qertificate of non-forum ·shopdir~~nf:!i0ther~ · . : · p~tition . shall cqntlnue "to, remain . tjurif'.l!l · the relevant matters (/RR of LABQ_~'.JQODE, peridency:. of the· petition an.d until- the .date of Book V, Rule.XI; Sec.6, as ar:nende'cif ·· ·. f)riali.ty;. ·c;f· ···the : dec;ision rendered therein._ . . . · .· .. . . Therea~er, · · . the .. · rjghts, 'reli;iiionships :and· Special Requiremen"ts as· the Filing of Cas·es . o_bligations the party-litigants ·a·gains_t each .. 1. Involving entire membership .. : · · other ~ftd -oth~r -pa_tties-in-inte~~st ·. shall be a,- ·. Th'e complaint 'must be signed by at least . govenied'by the decision so·oi:dered. ·. ·~Oo/,fof t11~· entire. members_hip. of.the union· 2 .. The filing o'r per\dency ·or any inter/intra-union . (}RR. of LABOR CODE, .Book .V, RulrrXI,. dispute. is not _a prejudicial · question. to · al_'ly . ·.Sec:. ·3, as"ain
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Note:· 30o/e-N9t"Mandatory' . Tbe SC held that" the 30%- · r.equire~'l"erit is .. not. ma11datory for~the following reasons·: · · · a. Article 250 .·of. the Lab.or Code uses the . . . ·.:: permissive word" ;,f!7ay," negating th~ notion·. . that. the . ;;issent .. of· 30% .of the . union members is mandatory;
a.mended}, . . .
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. Ruies o~."Appeal i~ lnter-U_niori ..Disputes ._ 1 .. In an uriorganizeci e,stabiishmerit ·. , . The ord~r granting the· coi1"duct of ;;i certification election in an. unorganized e~tablishment is not subject to appeal.· Any _issue arising . from its Conduct or from its Tf?SUlts.is a proper _Subject Of · a protest Appeal may only be made to the ·
2019 SAN SEDA LAW .CENTRAUZED BAR OPERATIQNS I ?35
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DOL.E Secretary.in case of .denial of-the petition within ·10 .days trqrn receipt of the decision of denial (/RR of LABOR <;ODE, Book V, Rule VIII,
. sec.
18).
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jurisdiction .be. elevated to . may be the CA qy a el$vat~d to th'.e petition for a certi9rari- (Rule CA I 'by for· '65) petition (CHAN, ·certiorari (Rule REVIEW~R, .(OHAN,· supra 703) 65).
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be el.evated to the ·CA by a petltion for certiora'ri. (Rule 65) (CHAN,.
·In an organized establishment . REVIEWER, The order ·granting. the conduct of a: certification· supra !3l 70.3) -: election in an .orqanized establishment and the RE:VJEWER, ' decision dismlssinq or d~nying the petition may supra a't 7?3) be· appealed tothe DOLE Secretary within- 10 : .. days from. receipt thereof (IRR LABQR .. · CODE, Book V, Rule VIII, Sec. 18): . . . .. . r · . , . · . · Appeals in Co~tempt Cases · .·. : - · . ·. . ,Forn:ial. Requlsjtes- for Appeal. io· .·lnfr.a-llnfe'r. : T~e person adjudged in dlrect contempt' by the ~LR · Union Disputes: (OMGS). ', .. . . _ _.D1~e.ctor;.niay appeal to the · DO~E: Secret~iry (/RR ot. L ·Under.Qath; ". '. . . · ·. . . LAB/J.R CODE, Boote V, Rule XX/II, .Sec. ·1,. as· · 2. · Conslsts _of a M,embraridtJm.of appeal; . . . amended). ' · · ··· · · · 3. Based. on either of the follow_ing §roul?ds·; ·. . . , . . . . a. Grave-abu.seof discr~.~o.n;.6r . · . .. ---;==::..:...., ~~te:: ~he·-, DO~E !3ecretary, m_ay_.legaJly 'assume b. Grave violation· of the rules· and ·: .;;::;~-- lT. ~ · t-tsd1..c!1on over. an appeal from the decision of the 4. · With ~uppbrting an~ument~· and._evil'.le11"~~\iRR \] ··:' P1Ef!t~1_g~al9irecfor in the event tnat 'the BLR -ot f-ABOR C~DE,_ Book V, Rule/XJ.($~pl5~s---==-=:c.o..;;,.,.~'r...~?Jpr 1gh!tt,~himself from the case (Tne Heritage _ amend~~). · · . · .. ·,,rr~ _ .· Rote1:._~ffiP1a./J,\._NUWHRAIN-HHf:,1SC, ·G_.R. No.' . . ·. · . tf< ·"¥.u'· .. ·..-:~:lll.296J.~~'t-Q<2f)11).. _. .. . . Where 10 File the Appe~_I'. . ffJ::j:,, ...,.? -i:. : ·,;, --:--,"'. ~-'4,,,~\\;,,.. '. ~- -: . · ·. · ". ,T~e appeal shall be filed in_ ti#' re~iJ!f~l-offi~e.or ~ml~l~~~ati~erf?jncJ1ons. of the .BLR and _Labor_ the BLR, where. ~he complamr e;rigin~fed. j1t\tJ:,in24_-. · .R~lationt D1vl~lf1J~t~R~s). · . . . . ... hours from receipt of. the. m~/npl';i;11jc:lumo ··appear. .. '.°"I .. -T.heSl:.R and .tti~ L-f{D1~ the 001..,E Regional Offices the BLR,shall:transrµit- the r~~lfr'[~:.#o the ecr~l~rA~~ ~W~-~_co,r~µrre1\tP-j?'~~ictio'nover t~e ·. following oi Labor or the. !3ureau, as, t~e-2.rsi may·b ,~(JR~.(jj~. lli ·
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BLR . Dlr.ector, Bt.R bitector . . . . . (.NC'iV.l'B:) . . . . . except.'dec:is[ons f/RR of LABOR .. ·. . ..: . . .. . .. in . certification 'CODE; Book V· election or. iriter- .Rule XI ··Sec' .. .' The NCj'v'IB· is. a~ 'agency, ·auachea -t~ .tl'.I~. DO~E .. union' disputes 15) ·. : ; . · . . principally ·in charge· of . the . settlem~nt. of labor . . Sec. 1·s) which -. are disputes tt:irough, conciliatloo;' mediation 'and .of ttie · appealab/e ,. to. ·. proRi_otion. of _',:'olun~ary ~pproach.es to _!-aoor"dispute the · · .. DOLEE ·: · prevention . and s~ttlement · · (Ji/Cfvf$ · · 'Manuai. · of -~ecretary. (IRR · .Procedures. . for Conciliation and·: Prev.eritive of . . ·LABOR · Mediauon Cases, Rule Ji/, $ectioil:1 (1{5)). ·.• . . . ,, ~ . . . ·.. . . . . CODE, Book : V, ·RuleXI, sec: ·1s) . · · . A Coiiclllator~Mediatoi' Is.. an bffi¢er. of .the NCMB ·whose principal f~ri-ction is to assist 'ii, the settlement ... Decision Decision .:: Decision . a_nd ·disposltiori'. of. labor-managem'ent disputes . reri~ered . by' rendered· by BLR rendered by . through conciliation : and preventive ni~diation, DOLE· ·.. Director in·. his -BLR Director in 'in'c;luding _the.. promotron and encouragement:·ot Secretary , in ·apP..~11.ate his . app.~llate voluntary approaches t() labor disputes prevention · his appellate juris~iction . may jurisdiction may ~nd · setUeme.nt ,(The Revised · NCM[:i :M_~nual _of . DOtE : Secretary (lf?R. of LABOR .CODE, Book .v, /Jule..· XI,
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236-1·. 2019 SAN SEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPE.RATIONS
Ju R1so1cT10N°ANo "Ru-1ED1Es'"'~ . -SAN'BEDA LA\¥ CENTRAL/ZED BAR OPERAnONS- MEMO.RYAID 2019
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" procedures . for concuietton. and Preventive · -, ·.· tv1ediatfon Cases (2017 Edition)_. Rule Ill, No. 6).
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·. NCMB: Is. not a .q·ui;lsi-ji.Jdiciql ~_gency ~xerci~ing :k; .quasi-judicial funcnons but· m_erely ·a conciltatory body__ for ttie · purpose of facilitating . .settlement of "'i; . disputes.between parties. Hence.jts decision cannot l. be elevated to the CA via Rule43 petition. Rule 43 ·,r;:_ ·o{ the Rules· of Court applies .. only. to awards, f~···. judgments, ,fina.1 · .orders . or resoluuons of or. ';£\•. authorlzed. by . any . quasi-judicial agency .in the f'· exercise of its. quasi-judlcial func~ons ·(Tabigue v. International Copra· Export Cotp., G_;R. No. 183335,
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Evaluative Mediation, where the 'Medlator offers an· opinion which is not binc;iing on the parties (CHAN; REVIEi.tyE=R, supt» at 742).
In conciliation, the Conclllator ..may offer an opinion on the· issues at. hand and rnay make a. qinding opinion-provided. the parties stipulate ir, advance to this etfect-(CHAN, RE;.VIEWER, supre at _742).
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Correction of Wage Dlstortlon 1 .. · In crqanlzedestabllshments wi~h G~A:. · . a. S1:1brnit' .the issue before the grievance machinery; .. . :. December 23;.2009J: . . ···. b.. · If unresolved.reterto. voluntary arbitration · 2.; ·In unorqanized establishments · and without Goncili~tJort ";.Mijt:}i.ation ,. . · CBA:. · · · · Both cencitletion arid:_mediation refer to a .process . a. Submit the issue . before. the NCMB for ,t, . · whereby-a third. l?e'.sor-q~s4ally·aro/}.,c:,:,the. -~ ~ .. (requJfedJ!· o~ly when ent~red without the. Conciliator-Mediator, . Co_n~iator-M~diaki'r,.. <-'·-. , ,~ assJ.i~fanciieof~OLE). .· · who, r~iying · on . his· wro::advi$~4.l].e-pcirtief .· ~tr :•. J( . _i. ' . . . . ... ·. . persu~s1ve . expertise, or
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W~iver of Re.in~taten,ent·.. . . A waiver of reinstatement, like a waiverof -money .. clalrns.jnust be reqarded as ·a personalrightwhich . . . must . be exercised .personauy by : the .. workers ... ·, themselves (Jag_ _& .Haggar .Jea_'ns & · Sportswear . ' Corp. v: NLRC, .G.R. "No. 105710, ·February 23, ·.' 1-995). · . . . ·.·. . .· . . '( . . . . . . . .
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Ttie· r.ight to· reinstatement is .to be considered renounced or waived only when·:,\h~ emp_lo_yee unjustifiably or unreasonably, refuses .to return· to ..work upon being so ordered .or .after the emplqyer
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In c~ses ~f ~on-strikeabie · issues rai~ed in a notice of strike/. lockout, the NCMB may, motu proprio, · convert. the same· 'into a preventive mediation case.or, alternatlvely.jefer said issues to voluntary arbitration, if: they are in .. the nature qf . \JJJresolved_ grievan.ces, or. to t~e. Med-Arbiter, if they involve representation or· inter-union disputes
·.Endorsed/Referred Cases _ ·· The laborarbiter or the appropriate [?OL:!=,·agen.cy .or. ·office that has. jurisdiction over. the dispute. shall entertain only endorsedor referred Cc!S~S- bythe duly _authorized officer.(LA~ORCODE, Art: 234): ·
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is;ue·s arising from 1ab~r and. employment shi;lll subjegi to mandatory c~ncili~tion-l'(ledi~tion
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Pre-termination Conciliation~Mediatji:>r, . . PreventiveMediation Cases, RULE V, Sec: 3). Aily orboth parties.involved in thedispirtemaypre·· · , · . . · · . _ter.ni.inate the· .. conciliation-rnediatien _procee9ing_s . Authortty to <;qi;ivert a Notjce. of Strike/ Lockout :and .re;qlJest referral" or: endorsement . tS\;,-lli~~~=;\pl~.i\,e~e~_er,tiv~ .M~diati·on ·_ca'se , . . .. , . ~ppr~p~!a!e 001.;.E a~":~cy or: ?ffice 1,_QJ.C~( has 'J,.he".C
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·The -conversion . must . be :a.o_n~. before tl'le . cooling-off periocf expires or before the.:·)..fni<m cor,aucts iis_.strjke balloti"r.ig; .. .. . 5. Parties concer.ned mt.ist be· formally ·notified ·of the ac.lipn .taken. by. the ·Regional Branch Director through a .. letter .. signed by. the. -6oncil1atcir-. Mediator .ha_ntlling tHe case and. approved.by the : , Director 11; · · . · ·s .. The ootice sho~ld be dro"ppedfroni thEfdockefof . notices· of strike/lockout an·d to· be renumbered as' a preventfve ··mediation . ca·se and a conference· thereo'n stioulci" ·be ·.set ori specific date/s · (NCMB Mfmµal· of Proceedings· for
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Conciliation· and PreventWeMediation Cases-, . -· RULE-JV." Sf?c: 1); or. . . . ·. · .. . 2.· . By conversion the notice of stril<-e/lockout. into a·preventive.me'diation ciise (NCM8 Manual-for. Procedures for Conciliation and.-·· Preventive . Med_iqtion Cases, RULE V;. Sec. 4J.'
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·PREVENTIVE.MEDIATION · . ·· Thi{-covers ;potential .fabor cases .which ·are the subject of forl'Aa"for"informal .r~.quest f9r..conciliatioil and mediation as~ist;mce· s"oughLby ~ither OF both:.. parties or upon tne· initiative .of t_he- N~MB to avoid.
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Visitoriafand·Enforce.ment Power . Before.the DOLE exercise its. powers under Article 128, two important questions must be . · '; resolved', to wit: . . ,.:. . . .. 7 • • · -, . 1. : Does the er-ee relatlonshlp exist?· . The' DOLE. Regional Directora ·art:: the ... duly Arethereviolations of the Labor Code or ofany authorized representative of· the D(?lE : Secretary .,,·:·~ labor law? . .. . referred in Article.12~~ ~~ t~e Labor.Coda whjftr:_h'{ . . _ ·. . gr~nls to · t~em .b--'(~ labor stanc,tarljl~rovis1ons:.The .det~rm1~at10~ o~ t~eN~tur:e of Pr.oc~e:<:11r')gsa~d·Qu~mtuf'l}_.otittY"c~ ex.istenc~qofrLEt~E~ relat1on~h1p 1s st!''· pnmanly . :I . Tfle procee~ings ~~f~r~ t_pe R~19_,9,€ii•omr,~.s311b;~- !-;..\ lodged -..,/ith t~e. N+,RC. This 1s :the n:ie~rnng of th.e . summary and non-hbg1ous,,1,~:31atuw~:SU.?Je~t .. t~~ clause ,Jn ca~es 01;\ere the relationship of Er-Ee.still the requi_r~ments of .c;tl;le· pr9~7,s;;;~f!;,S~g1ca~fS exisfs"!i'.i:-1fti~!.E:J;J,28'"(1?)of the- Labor Code. · . . · of. l~w .and ,procedur?, and '.tt,i_~ r!Jll;.fy.,w~~e_ri::wz~:: ~~'.;.i~ •.~__;:..w:\. . . . ·. . . · . · admissibility ar:id sufficiency of e11TQ,(~~c;:~pf!!.~in1r:ig:/fl.. I\•. · The existenceof an Er-Ee relat1onsh1p is a statutory th~· courts·c{law shall· not· s~rictly a'pRlft~_ef~o~;Tlll~· j,_t __ ptflrequis1te·to and· a limitation on ·th:· po~er of the Regi<;mal Office . may. hgvyeve~. avat,.·~~ 9t. all ~~~~~"·;~~~reta.ry_9fLabor,. on1:;· which the legislative ~ranch r~as.ona'ble·.mean~. lO' .asc~rta1~. ~e4~ct~. o~df;!~:::.::t·..::_~'."'is...~r-itiUet,JV_to· impo~·e· (People's Broadcastm_g ·v. c.on~o"'.~r~y ~peethly and'. ob}~~lJV~J~· /nc,1u~rng· . Secretary 'of (he D0LE, G.R :No. 179652, Maj(_ 8, ocu!ar 1nspec~1on and ·e>
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2. . .§.mall nion1;1y. clain_is. ca.ses arising f~om labor ·. stan~ards violatic;>n$ in all amount not ex~.ee.dirig f'p.,000· and not ..accompanie.d,with ~· claim for .reinstatement (LABOR OODE,'Art. 1?9)~ 3-... Qccupational safety. and h.ealth . s($ndarc;1.s vioJations.'(0.0. NO. 1831 RULE· VII, Sec. 2); . ~ 4. . _Begistration any ie~itimate ihdepehd~nt labor · · · union· chartered local and workers' ass~iation, . ·.· anct ~ancellation thereof, .cas~~ filed agai11st · . uni91Js and other labor relatio'ns related Cc!Ses '
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a · coin plaint- is . filed · with· DOLE, · and it · is · accompanied:· by a claim . for reinstaten:ien~. :the .. jurisdiction' js properly· with the Labor Arbiter, under Article· 224 .bf. the ..Labor. Code, which· provide·s that :the L:abo·r Arbit.er has · original and · ex~lusive . · jurisdidfon over those ,cases involving wages, rates · . of pay, hours of work, and other terms a~d. · conditions of.employment, if.accompanied l;>y a claim for reinstatement. . . .
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Secretary'-s duly a1,1thorized. representativ~s,. ~ho have the original jurisdiction fo exercise the.visitQrial powers under Articles 37, 128, ano 289. The .role of· the DOLE Secretary in the exE)rcise of visitorial and enforcement powers is -appellate:in natU'rE! (CHAN, Reviewer, supra at 74?).
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The . findings · DOLE''. however, may stil! be questioned .'through .'a_ petition for _certiorari ime!er Rufe 65 'of 'the Rules of Court _a.nd ·not throug_h a "review · by the NLRC (People's Broadcasting Secretary'offhe DOLE, G:R:_.No. ·179652, March 6,
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Enforcernent Power is the pow~r of the Secretal'y of Labor to compel.employer t_o·comply with [aborstandards upon findfrig of violations dis.c6ver~d inth_e course of the -exercise of the. visitorial power: Only claims where $mployer-employee rera_Uons still :exist can be covered ({RR·of Labor C_o9e, Book Ill, Rule X, Sec. 2Y · · ·: · ·
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Are there violations of the 1,.ahor Code or any . labor law? . ; . ... Thi;i. has quasi-judicial power· at least to. the extent. necessary to determine violations of labor" standards provision of... the . Code and other· labor . .- legislation .. The.·SOLE or the Regi0nal Directors can· .. Enforcement Power includesthe powerto: {CHEW) issue compliance orders and writsotexecutlon for .. 1·. lssue_.Qomplianc13 Orders basedon theflndinqs . . 'the enforcement thereof (Jethro tntetttqence ~~""=""'~'"""'. of the. Labor Regulation Officers or. · 1ndu.strial Security Corp., v. · Secretary of DOLE, fi_fi,~N9, n v "''.)~at~ty ~ngin'eers (Labor Standard and' Welfare 172{537, August 14,.2009). · . ~-. ~· \JO$Jicejt-<~[!dm_ade in.th~ course ~f inspection_; . . . · : . . · . ;f'~) L Q:md,?_Sh·!!~'~ . . .· . his duly authorized ~epr.esentat~s~t~~y.e1~,~c.ess="."'~"'-~ ....cas"'~-..;4R-~er ~{ stoppage of work/ suspension. to employer's records and.-premis"9s,a1;ln):-ftime ~f, ? :-'i ~f.o~~·{Jltje.p•stshall be lifted or not; and: the day or nighl whenever:!'of ls"'bf;rfgrmclertake'e:-' ,~~ ])1; b. The '~njployi:t shall pay the : employees tlierein·(/RR of Labor Code,,Book 11.f, Ru/4 X, Sec. .c~-. crencer'~et:lfthji1[ salary in case the vlolatlon1) ' . . :: !(.>·~~ ~;_--:--«.·r·.rr.. .:. . .·---~attribilit'ai5leJ~his fault· , . · ' , . . ·: · ff ~1.J{·. : . \ ~-~::;. ,~3'.1pssu1Writs ~-{rg~§.,c~tionfor the enforcement of It includes· the right to cop{the!E!fKom, to ~uestl ' . ~~ orde,rs .exceP.t"'-ii:J,,foases where the employera~y emploY;ee an_d_ investiga~e~h){Y'7ctz'·coa~~?.~. pr .;_; l.!~~-:...~2i~~Ji~f-~nd~rtg;s .of the sai~ lab~r officers matter which. may· , be ·neceS[cl{~ to (J!~\e{m1Q,e\W;.. , ....:-:-, ai:;itl i~iles 'JSsu~if ',supported by documentary violations. or which may aid~Jh4he\nto ~
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The gr-Ee r.ela~io"r1ship··still exi_sts. at the time of · · . . the initiation of.the action; . . . . .. . 2. · The findings of La~r Standards 'and Welfare. Officers- or Industrial Safety ~ngineei's . niade in" the' course. of inspection;'regordless :6f . ·. whether. in_itiated by -complai,nt' . or .routine· .- . ir.ispectioti; and . . . 3. The employer· Qontests· sllch· findings and raise· . . · iS$UE:lS · which -ban·not b:e res.blved · without· · · considering e"vid~ntiary. matters . th.~\ . are: riot .. · · verifiable-in .the normal course of.inspection (!RR· of LABOR CO[!E, Book II!~ Rt:1/e )(,. Sec_. 2).
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In. r~latioo·· to r~cruitmerit .and. placement of workers' ... for both local arid . overseas. ~mploym!:)nt. (LABOR . CODE,Art. 37) .. .
To jriqoire· ·intq- To fiiq'uire int9 ·employer's .· .· . ltie . financfa) .compliance ..aclivit1es with . . labor legitimate labor . standard$ · . organizations · .u_nder .· . labor (LABOR-- . laws· and·social ·coDE, . Art: leg"iilations . 2{J9) (LABOR . COD.E, Art.
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240 · l-:-2019 SAN
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Not~: The visitorial and enforcemeni power~ of the_ Se_creta~y of Labor or DOLE Regional_ Director or his duly ·authorized represen~.:,ltive· to order·:ar:id enforce, compliance with _labor· _standard_ laws. ca1.1 · be
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183-17, RULE V, Sec . .2). Pro¢edur~
::in order:· to <;live~t · the Region~! Director or ·his : representatives of jurisdiction, the following . .·elements must be present: · · 1.· That the employer contests the findings of the. officer and raises issues.:t.,.- ·labor . · regulations . . . :,· . · . ther~cm, . . t _:·2; That in o.rder to ·resoJ\/e suet:, lssuEfs,. there is a · n·eed to exam in~· evidentiary matters; and: 3. That ,such matters ;are not verifiable in the \~. · - ·.normal course of.-inspection (Jethro Intelligence . ·
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Frame.w9rk : for .°Inspection . and .lssuance IF COMPLIANT 'based on NR.· end of inspection. (;ompliaru:.e Orders . . . ,,. Otherwise, ·t.tieywill. be.given a period to correct To .strengthen ·the_· lrnplernentation/Exerclse _11.¢,,.,:,,,'l the violation based on theAction Plan r · .Visltorial c1·n~ EnforcementPower, DOLE D.O. formulated, subject to remediation period for .17 'was issued ori _ October 23, ~·017 providing,' __,11 qccopation·a1. Sli!fety andHealth (OSH) violat)ons framework . for inspection and issuance v] ~L., .,d ... _. · ,. , . · . . . . d // ' .. . ,• ·;J'1>..., I ~ compliance or ers. · c . . ,.-:,/. 0,"":ri;:,J.:..::.,L,1,,)-~z;;-,..t;:, · . · . ·· - · · · . · · /..-;,.:·· Within·s ·a;ll.Y.S, the establishment 'shall -submit to Modes_ of lmplementationlE:ic:ercis~:·.'.'"?f~~isitor!~Y\:{~1 · the Regiop~.t~pffice a St~t~s Reporton the Action and Enforcement Power: (ROC) . i fl H 1} Plan for.mufated . . ·· 1. Routine Inspection; . . ,.-"; ..... r_-~-- . 'l :,;~ ig ·. · · . 2. Qccupational 'Safety an~..-l';lealt.h ~fa-1il0ar9J~ ' Investigation: ,i:,:,.'\ . !: "": 1 ,,! . Ver,fic;atif!>n or~¥ahdatio~ of-C?01pha!1Ce and 3. Complaint Inspection. _;-•'/ ~=~..0-"\ .~":'.>.- 1,,,j · . <s'.'··,-::-.-;,,-;;,Jt~;f?0lto:q-up.lnspecbon . . . ',"'-;~,d:;;;;;..,:...:v . ... · ." · . · .. · ·Upon !he discretion of the S?b~;;(..rai.~~pec~fil·. (,.1J . hi case.of.failure to correct violation, ·parties·$hall Inspection Te'.3m may , ~e cons.~1wte9 Y}O oe_ ~:);;: , 1"'7".•. be called to a mandate conference. . composed . of a group .. of lab?f 1A.sp~~t0rs, : .:@,- . . · . representatives fro!l' the Re~1ona~}-0ff1Ge,z<.·1Jite-:----·•.\.l.l.~e::-.=~». · .: . . . _,. _ Bureau: of .Working .. Condi:fron .. i.C~~C};f\;jthe ._Within 10._~ays upon.term.1nat1on.ofthe mandato~ Occupciticinal S;:ifety_a11d Health <;:;enter'(~~'#.§) and :·confer~~ce, th_e Labor Inspector (LI) shall supt1?1I other· DOLE ag~ncies for the. coriduct .of in·spec_tionrec_ommendatron to th~ RD. Ttierea~er,. or_ w1th!n. · t s using · · ·· · th.e f orego1ng · · _moues . · '"' · ... (D._O . · order. on esta · bl'' .1s h..r:nen · 20· days, the· .RD shall · issue · · a· compliance · ·
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. Routine fnspe·ction. . . \ . . . )t fefers to the proces's of evaluating compliance with . labor Jaws . and 'social .leg isl at ion' j9intty · llhd~rtakenby.th~ l:.abor Jnspector and'the·representatives of the employer an.d the··eniployees_ usin·g th·a_ pres<;ribed Inspection · Ch~¢kli~.t This .covers all· ·priv_ate establishments including ttjeir branch~s. workpla.ces anci their corttracfors- and -subcontractors (D.0. N,o.
1[J3~~1·7, RULE V, "$ec. t). :·
R~i:nediatio~- Period .Occup~tio.nal Sa°t'~ty and Health Stand'ilr.ds (OSHS) violations · · Violaffons of .general." Jabot"· standards and/ or contracting ah_d subcont(actf~g· ruf es are subject. to 10-day correction. period,- \¥hile 6SH violaticins are subject to the follqwihg re!'flediationperiod: · ... 1 .. · If thEi vioJ.ati9r:i poses immin_ent danger in the life . . and llrrrb. ·of tt,a employees, remedic;!tjon shall be, made within 1 day'fr:om. receipt of NR; 2 .. .- !f Jhe vlol~ti'on per,t_ains to Persor:ial Pro_tectiv~ Equipment·. (PPE), remediation shall be made within 3 days from receipt-of NR; . . . 3. If violations· pertain to instal')CE!S o'ther than ttie abbve~mentioned, a . loriger period is allowed . . ·which. shall ·not exceed days, provid~d t~at . tl:le employer. submit~ corresponding .action ·plan (D.O. Np. 183:.17, RULE V, Sec. 3(e.2)). :
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. Priority··. Establistimerfs afld ·. W9rkplaces ar¢ · as . foliow.s_: (HEC-10_-0) . - · . · · 1. Those engaged in .!::!azardous work; 2 .. Those !;mploying· ehildren; . 3. · Those engaged . · in · · g,ontr~cting · and sub'contracting arrangements; . .4. Those e1:1ploxirig 10 or more employees; or.
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JURIS.DICTION AN.[)° REM·E.DI.ES SAN BEOA I.AW CENTRALIZED ,BAR OP/iR~TIONS -M~ORY
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Complaint Inspection This ·shall be undertaken irj any .of·. the followi_ng . cases: (RAR) . 1. When there is SEnA Beferral; 2. When there is an ~n·onymous complaint; . ·3. · Where there is . a _Bequest in a: coriciliationmediation proceeding. -before. the NCMB tqvalidaie or verify alreged 'vioiation of, .labor standards (O.o.· No: 1..83-1'7, RULE VI, Sec. 1). :--
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QSHS violations com·mitted iD" plain vi~w or in the presence of. a Labor Inspector (0.0. No. 18:3-17, RU.LE VI~ .1) ..
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. Ma_ndatory· Conference . shall be ·sumn:iary in 'nature and shall be conducted: · t 1. lri routine inspection, within 1 q· days after the Iapse of the 10-day · correction · period for violation ..of Generat Labor "Standards .(l3L:S) and/or.contractinq and subcontractinq rules. F.or Procedurefor Complaint Inspection OSH; failurato' correct OSHS violation with the. , .· remediation. period. shall cause the Issuance-or . Upon.receipt 9f complaint or referral, or w~eri: -Cornpliance Order; · · . · there.ls failure to submit compliance report, the 2 .. ForComplaint.andO'Sbi lnvestiqation.within 10 DOLE RD shsu-asslqn a.LI _by°reffle.to 'conduct days after the lapse of the f O-day 'correction .. . . ins'i:i~ction ~ . . : . ·: : period for violation of GL$.. OSHS and/or . : · . · . ,®, .; :·.·: . · · · contracting and subcontracting. rules (0:0. Nb. The.LI shallpresent his/her Authority to Inspect to · 183-11, RULE~. Sec. 1J:· · · , the establishmentarid conduct inspection and ·=·.:.... . . . . . :. . . · verification of compliance .--::"--#,;.,,= 'U"' t to the Issuance of a.Cornpllance Order · · . . ·: ,~ . · · · ., :,~. ·1i\i~ · \ · 1 iVi~hin1:f7' ~ d,;1y~ 'from. . the. ·, _-receipt of Li's . ~ . · g:;..,,.s.-~~ '1 1:-,""""': ·= """'"""L"~~~meir ·-,...,\'1' . 1,·-d.'~ t th RD - . . d f .· .,· . .. .,.a.r°'r:i.. . e · may issue ·.ar:i or er o lf C_OMPL!ANT, l~suanr;:e of.Not[~e..~r~$.~~~o · dismts~f/of)~~case on any of the following ttie ~epres~ntatNes of the_ ~~flfQ~er _wrtf.~"' ..~i:ol,li:J<:ls~(!j_(CPAf\. · · . . . · ?EBA ~tatmg such. cornph~n~~..tltEfP,_el)d or . · · 'lr a . T~e Fintiinas•'df'the LI have no 'basis in fact and -inspectlon. Otherwise, ·anjN~~~ftle issued . JP) ~ ](( . i · . :"(_\r Ir . \ . . . . · . ·. stating tbe.vi lations,f. ~(~;2·.: th! .. i~pl~¥~i'{ip):J\~ntedsubstantial evidence · · . · · · ~-:cbnr<j,verthf1U\e.fjn\HngsoftheLI; . · bl' h t with · , f i • .x .... l"I llbe g"iv··,.,n ,1·~·: . . · 1 r-;3':;:t,;.The ~Corre!?ti§i' \ior.),· stitution was made. by . Esta 1s mens I v1q 1 a,r.ons ~1a,. . "'· . , . ...,. -.. . . • . . · the · : . days to· institute corre_eti e·, actio(l<>~ , · • ~t · . \:o:1 em P, Qy~r pn 1H0;U'i~ issuance of ~e .compliance . ~' It'... - Yr.. ' y orde~ I .. : . . . m'l\1 . \ ..-<· ~- ;:.:.~?--:- . ' . ".J.>..."-!)/ . J . . .: . . . . .. . . . ~\,·... . .. . ' '\ ·. ~ · ~ ·.,. .. . . e,;t-,R~rt1esi>.teflt Jed .,nt
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It refEtrs to:the. prbcess .determining 111e e~isterice o.f irtir;n'in~nj · cianger, dangerous : occprre~9e., and . ac9iderit .. resulting· _in. disabli11g _injury .9r · otlier , ··. an;::ilogbus circumstancesl ·.yvithi.n ·the · · workplace based on a report or information (0.0. No. 183-17, ,. : .RULE II, Se,c.· 1 (g)). This. shall cover the fol.lowing . · instances: (EDAO) ; ·· . . · · · . . 1. · _!;;xist~nce.of rmminenfdanger; · ·2. .Qar:igerous ·occurrences; · · . 3; ·~-ccldent re~ultjng ·in ·dis.~b°ling 'in~u!'Y;:or
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; Appeal against a Complia.nce Order:·. . . Jhe compliance o~de(may be·appealed to t~e·Qffice .of the ~OLE· by' filing :of ·a Meti.1or.and\Jn1-of Appeal, ·. furni~hing'tbe o·th~r ·party with.a copy of the same, · . · ··within 10 .days from receipt thereof. A mere notice of · . appeal shall noUoll the run.~ing of the p~riod .within which to appeal (O.O. No. ·183:-17; RUl;..E XIII,·Sec: 1), ·.· .
2019 SAN BED-4, LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OP.ERATIONS
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JURISDICTION.BARAND R·EME.DIES
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OPERATIONS~ M£MOR'rAID :101.9. · . . .. · .
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·;;;_-:Grounds: (~LE) . 1. Prima· facje · evidence of §rave abuse of f discretion on the· part of the RD; · ~~:-.-.2. Pure questions Of !;aw; or · .3 .. .Serious grrOFs in the findirrgs -of "fact were· :~,· committed, wfilch, if.not corrected, would cause. grave or irreparable injury.to the appellant (0.0. ·
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., · · · .. The appeal shou Id be filed·..with the· reqional office · {.-, that issued -the Compliance_ .Order. The. filing of a l · "Memor.andtfm "of Appeal .witb,ahy other .office shall. '! ·, not 'toll ·the: i;unnin"g_ of. the reglementary period for ~~. filing the sam:e··(D.0. No. 1.83~17, Rl,JLE _Sec.. _3},
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-Note: Where no employer-employee. relationship exists. between .the parties and no· Issue Is involved which ma_y be resolved by reference to the Labor Code, other· labor statutes or any· collective barnaining agreement, ·it· i"s· · the .RTC. that has [urlsdlction. The .RTC·has jurisdiction over the clai111 of an independent. contractor lo . adjust the contractor's fee (Urbenes, Jr. v,·Secretary pf DOLE, · GJr No. -122791,.F~btuary 1"9,"2003):. . . . Recovery of ·Wages, Simple MonEiy Claims, and ·other Benefits . . .. The Regional "Director o_r. a_ny 9f-t,Js duly-authorized -·hearing . officer". is empowered through· summary . proceeding. and after due notice, to hear and decide .... cas_es · involving recovery · of wages and . other :moneta_ry claims : and . benefits; including legal i_nterests (LABOR COPE, Art. 129): .
-~equisites for .RD's J_urisdictfori -,over. Simple Mo·ney Cl.aims: (HEAR)" : ·· ·
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Enforcerneat P9W~f is. an Sworn complaint filed b.y offsh~ot · 'of "visi.t9rial. interested party. ·: . . .. Pf?~er
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. Aggregate·claih, each complainant . does · not exceed P.5,000
. C.ompiaints.·against Private Rec.rultn:ient and · Placement .Agencies .{PRPAs} .. for · Local Employmei1.t . . .. . .. ,. . . . . -Venue is the Regional/ District/ Provincial Office . having jurisdictioh·over·the place·: (OAC) : . Where the-PRPS/ Br.anct.Qffice"is"located; . 2 .. Where the prqhibited ~ct was.-committed;.or . · · 3. At. Compiainc,rit's · plac.e of· residence,, at .the· ·· . option . of ·." .Jhe CQCTJ.plaina'nt :(RµJes and
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Appe~ I to Sec. "ot .Lab-c;ir" . ·J'.'.ppeai _to" NLR_C . ..yith"i°n within ~ o c~len_dar da~ ..
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{1 AZUCENA; supra af469-.471).
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Ex-Officio Voluntary·Arbit~tors
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· D.O. No. 83-07, sElries of2007,.desigriated all DOLE · Regional Directors ·and Assistant Regional Dir.ecto~s as Ex-Officio Volunta~y.Arbitrato"rs. . . '·.
20t9 Sf\N BED,ALAW CENTRA!-IZED BAR OP~RATIONS
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JURISDICTION AND REMEDIES SAN !]EDA LAW'CENTRAllZED BAR O['ERATJONS: - MEMOR'(AID 2019
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As EVAs, the DOLE Regional Director and -thelr
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· The decision or award <;>f.th.e EVA shallbe final and _.. : · executory after 1 Q calendar days 'from the pqrtie.§~-="""-'= ·. re~eipt ofthe copy of tl:le•decisi~n of award f!];r.:-No..'?'· .83 o7. . . ~.. t-" .
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· . B. · POWER TO SUSPEND· EFFECTS OF TERMINATIOf,I Tt'i:e DOLE Secretary'may suspend the e(fects of · termination pending .resoiution .of the dispute in the event· of a prime tecie: finding by the appropriate offlcia! ot 1he DOLE before whom the 'dispute is p'ending Chat: · ·· 1: The termination may cause a serious labor dispute; ahd/· or . . ; . . 2. · The termlnatlonIa iri lmplementatton ·of-a mass lay-off (LABOR CODE, Art. 292 ('?)) .
assistants have jurisdiction over the following: 1.. ,All grievances arising from the interpretation or imp!E3rnentati.on of the CBA; · 2. All. grievances arising from the interpretatior1 or . enforcement of ·company: personnel policies which remain unresolved after. exhaustion of the grievance. procedure; . . ·3.··" Cases referred to them by th~ DOLE Secretary, . . underthe DOLE's Admtnistratlve lriter.v~ntion:for . Dispute Avoidance; and. . 4 .. Upon a1;1reernentoft~e P~".ies·(D.b. N(!. 8:J~07J.
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. A ~qtion for rec~nsideration ~ay 9{fi!!:3d·.ber9r.e•fr1e . •... ~R~e.ronly~~~\ues· .of Applicable to.. all . labor decision/award lapses to finahtyfana~tra,(t;:'s!Sp;,,tl:le:=~:;"'"terJU.!natl~rr(:: ,\·,_·of disputes provided such r1:,1nning ofthe 10-day period. fflr!!,l)§!liW'/No~econ,~, · :~r:nployb,e~t1-~~1s}ii '\n~y 'labor dispute will cause motlo_n_ for reconslderatlcn sJ~afr_0·6¥,~llowtd' (D.@:._ .{ause ,l,se.nQ..uf ~·lab.or or fi~.E:IY .to cause strikes No. 83-07). f{1 · ·,f '. .. dispute] .. or\(~") \1in or lockouts in industries ' . . f( "';? imp e!llent~tion~. ·Of;,4 ,a Indispensable to . the A moti?n t9r reconsideration9s11a1~,pr:~solved wit"{ff.h'7·· t::::. ~SS i~b.off .. · ~ \~~.• \! nati~.nal i~ter!:3st· 15 day~ after the adverse partY,_,.pler 1.ts coriiment_{pr;~trili?lli~ , .f · fi=l ij . . . t hereto (DO ~n:,;;_,,.,4Ji,· . ~"'. ·'\'-" . oppo.s1t1on : . Nq."o;,,...,, .. \.__·''. ·,:::::,:.---< . . • • .
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The..S6LE pos.sl:i~s~s th.~ tolloWi!lQ ·po..:..e.r~: (V2-A2~) 1. ~oluntary aibilratfon powers; . . . . ·. 2 .. ·yisi~orial and:enforcern~rit PQWer~;·.. . 3 .. ~ssumption of jurisdictic;m~ · . 4. ~ppellate jufisdictiori; and • . ..{>. '.!:~ower to SU.spend effects'of i.ennir:rliifian (CHAN,·: . ·. REVIEWE'R, supr.a ·at'l60). . · . ··: .· . ·
. a~·~ l"l?t. .i:e_q1,1fre prim~ f~c1~· evidence . , · : . : : ·.. .. . · .: · ·, ·
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Serious . · 1iti.br ·. disp~te · lat;ior disp~te wili catJ"se r:nay 'or . may not· b~:. a. or flkely)o caus·e strike ·stri.ke ·or lor;;kQt1t . . 0r. lockoµt.. .. · · '-
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Jrrespective''of nature of ·only'.. • ·. iod~stries 'the :buslness . of the .(ndispensable ... to the ernp.loy.er · . . .na!ional ihterest · ·
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. · (Refer.·to'the discussion ·under.DOLE Regional · birect~rJ., · · · ... · .. ·
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2019 SAN SEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS .
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·. ~~!~~~:r df Ul~ DO~E .Reg.~nal D~c~r. ~~, _ the/on.ducfof final arid executory unless appe'€!1e.d to t\es~r,~~~ . ·.~ . . . '.If prehmltfary of ~abor and Employment . wil-l(li11 1'Q ~~s(fr.g?.n-. , • ~ie . ~~tion· . o~ l~e .re~eipt' ~hereof (f:?ules on the .D~sition,.or~aE~ .k~s~~.o~e\QJ,_,J>riJ(a . .fac1e ·Standard-Cases ih fhe·Regional CJ'ff{ce'l!ffi,fei'ilf-.=. )l·'~\6f ;{:).~·· · .t~e ·Sec, 1). .· . . ·: ·. : .· · II · . .''\\.: ·f :{IJWcyfJpa!,~ffi~1~l.ofthe .
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frrim'ediilt~ Automatic· return fo work· reinslateme,:it . pending 'qf the .strikers or locked'resolution · ·- · o(· the .o.ut ~mployees terminaiion. ca.~~
JU.R1so:1cTION,AN"D
REME.D·l·Es
SAN .BE[!A LAWCEN_TflAUZED' BAR OPERATIONS - ME!,fORY AID·w19
APPELLATEJURISDICTION The DOLE Secretary. exerclses · appellate jurisdiction over the foliowing cases: (SUMOPLS) . . . 1. Orders issued by· the duly authorized representative of the §.ecretary of Labor:and . 'Employment ·in th.e exercise of-its ~isitorial and Enforcement power (l:ABOR . CODE, Art. 128(b)); · . ·2. Peniar·or application for Qnion reqlstration or cancellation · of union registration_.origin.ally rendered · by the .BLR ~?Y .be appealed to the .Secretary_of Labor and, Ecriptoyjne'nt (/RR of L~BORCODE, Rule /'I(, Sec. 6);
2. Those""rendered by the. !!LRC si_nce they can be
·· Note: lf o~iglnallY, rendered by ·ihe Regional · Office, acpeal should. be made to. ihe BLR (/RR . · · of LABOR PODE, RL!fe./V, Sec. 6); , . 3. Decisions of the Med-Arbiter in certltication election cases are appealable to: the DOLE -~11~· Secret~r~ (LAB.OR CODE, Art. 27_2);. J,A·:-5-~W- ·
elevated directly to the CA by.°Rule.65 certiorari"' petiti9n; . . . · . 3. Those rendered by the .§.LR Director in _ti,e . exercise· o( his ·appellate 'jurisdiction since they can be brought directly to the CA under Rule 65 . certiorari petition; 4. Those rendE;3red · by the Q.OLE · Regional Diredors under Articl"e 129 of the Labor Code sin·ce they are appeafabfe tci the NLRC; •' · 5. -Those ren9ered by gVAs uncler D.O; No. 83); and ··· 6.:· Tho'S!;'! rendered byJ[oluntary·Arbitrat9rs which . · :. ar~ appealaqle.directtY:to the CA under Rule 65 ... .of t_he Rules of Gourt (CHAN; REVIEWER; supra: . a_t °(72). . .
D.VOLUNTARY ARBITRATION POWERS Adminisfratlve Intervention for Dispute. Avoidance . (AIDA) is an administrative .. procedure .: for .. the. voluntary settlement of labor disputes (DOLE · ·. . · ·. . {,-.:·,·f;iq)r•,, Circutet No. 1, 'sertes:of 2006): Note: Decisions of Med-Arbiters. in. ifi\r~}·,;,;;hi\ . . . . . · union disputes are .appealabre to t~e ~}-::~'J;;_:;;{;r-1:B!i!R.r~taiy Labor may ·act. as a Voluntary (LABOR QODE, Arj. 232) -. . ,:J !, ,. ..,......,A!:!?_~,11~t~';-.,cl · . . ., . . . . · . · . ·. ..-;:<."':/ · . :,· M Af01'~,.rn1s;f.lfWfor.mof dispute ~e~lemer:,t.·bY the ·· '4. Qccupat10,:ial Safety and Her~·StanclardS(L,~j · S~cr~tary o.fr~\boris .separate from the established viblations (LABOR oopE,.Arl>.•l,J/J.}_; · )Y'"'1.\ dispute res:61~tii.n modes of mediation, concifiation, 5. D_ecision~(?f th?_.f.O_EA ~JP.t~.liu9niBra_nch·- tit'- and _ar~it~~ti9{1 'll_nder the "Labor ~ode, ~nd _ii? _ai:1 on r~cruitrrient v1olaboJ;i?..:-.and otft'er~celatep.. ,A aJtemat1~ t_0,. ott;i,er voluntary: modes .of 'dispute cases.. and· discipliJ11'('1Y~f1CtiM"-c,as~san!J~ · 1~ .. ~esolutiS,f! stf~h al the voluntary submission of a _ other sp_ecial cases (2,0)6 P-OE!tfJ?,yres;::e.~rf- . ?_tll . qispu~~}lf.l,t"t~~Qt~r'mediation,_ to the ~<;:MB for . Regulalions, RULE tx,_"S..,ec. 1c6.9}{fr\ -~). · prevent1ve.t!11..~hat1on,. or the intervention . of a ·· 6. ", De'nial of the appllcanon"~lliefJs·~~ance, regional.or local trip~rtite_ p[tace.council-for the sall)e ..!,ice[lse, auttrorUy to.,recruil;~slQ.dau1~.rity to f ~---1jliJ;?.4,';_f.OSe:(DOLE CirpularNo. 01, sedes of 20(!6): · ope~ate _br~~ch o~frce il?~~,ip_by tn_e.......,.li;;~,f.'"'~~~.::;--~,. · · ·· , . . , Regr_~nal · Director ·. f9r recf~ll,~~ment.;-:;;!oo-_ -- ,:.,..;J..{~itf.ier:1-or..06oth the e~ployer a~g. the co~lecbve . plc1cement for- local·· emp_f.oy~ieht 'ffJ'OLE= :bargainin~-: ·agent . (or th.~ repres·E:-~t-~!iv~:;ot-!he · .· . p,Q._ 14_1-14,-_$e,c,32);'·anq:: .. ~'!li'i~ _ ·el!)~loyees_ wher~-th~re ·~ ..no.certified_ ~ama!nmg . . . . '. · 7. Orders involving .§.4spens1on/cancellationof ag~nt) may · voluntarily .br-mg to. tlw Office of the . lic~nse. of recruitment· agencies for local. Secretary: of Labor, · through a . Re.tiues~: for. '} employrri~nt-{DOLE D. o. ·1:41 ~14, Sec.62). · · . Intervention; any potential or ongoing ~isp'ute (DOLE:· <;;irculat /11.o. 01, ser:ies of 2006). · · · ·F, .Offic~s:trom which Appeals to DOLE Secretary :Pot_ential" or eng.oing dispute .refers',io a .liye_-.ahc;l n,ay ~rigin$lte; (DMDP) . · .'' '..· · · . · . .-, ·· . ·active dispute _t_hat inay leqd to·a strike or lcic~out or :p 1: . QQLE- Hegiooa( _. Direct9r;:; · (R.ules .. on · the ffif!Ssive- l~bor unte_st an_d i.s .not .the supf€lct of any. f. ., Dispq~ition: of .Labo,r Stc1ndarr;J. Cases .;n the i; ·· R~gibnal Offices,·Rt.ile IV; Sec. 1); · ·_. · c6mplaint or ngtice C')f strike or lockout at th~ time the' _reqQesf ls made· (OQLE Circ.ular.No. 01, series· of· f . 2, M~d-Arbiters '(IRF;?:of LABQR C.ODE; Book \/, ~006).. ·. · . . . . .• ;· . · . Rule XI, Se6. 15); · · . . · .. . r . -3·_. . Qirectcir pf BLFl (iRR:pf LABOR GODE, Rule XI, Bee. 15);and: ·· · · · . · pre-req!-Jisite .. for. the lnterve.ntion · oy. the ·secretaryof LalJor .· · · , · 4. ,fOEA (R.A; No. 8042,- Rule· VII, Sec. 21, as .. f!rileh.ded). . . The parties must ha\/e manifested that: (V~NRA) . ;- . 1. They__ ~ofuntar.ily° -subrriit ·. their' potential or . C~ses·. not App~alable .t~ the ··ooLE Secretary_: . . ongoing dispute to ir.itervention by the Office. of the Secretary Lab.or and Empfoymeht;' · . (LAN-.BDEV). . . . . . 2. There is No pending noticeof strike or lockout 6r ·1, Decisit>ns . of the LA over which exclusive· any·. reiated comp)aint . in re(ati_on with their app·euate jurisdiction. is' coriferre~ :. upon . ·the· potential or ongofng dispute; ~LRC; ·
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3. · -They shall Refrain from any strike or lockout or ·· any form of work stoppag_e or from fl.ling any related · complaint · while · the· Secretary's "intervention is in effect; and .. 4. They shall ~bide by _the ;:igreement reached, . whose terms. may .. be enforced through. the appropriate/writs. issued by the ~t:lcr~tary of · ... Labor -~"nd·Employm~nt (DOL!= ctrcater No. 01,. Series of 2006). '. .. . .»
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JURISO-ICTIO.N_·.AN.D. REM·E-Di·ES . · SAN 8EDA LAWCENT.RAllZED_BAR OPERATIONS- MEMORY·AID2019 · F&if$1 i.i; &i fiHBM·
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VA ..findings · . Finding;,, of facts and. la~ made by. the Voluntary Arbitrator m_ay. be· revie_weq by t!ie cou:rt The Voluntary Arbitr~tofs decisions or awards m,;1.y be . · contested on the' following gro.u'nds: (LG~DSI) 1 :· . Lack cir want of jurisdiction; 2. ·Grave abusa.ot. discretion; 3. vi-elation of Que process;, . . 4. Denial ·of SUb$tai1tive justice; .or . 5. Erroneounnterpretatior\ pf th~ law (Sime Darby . .. Pilipinas, Inc. v.. Magsalin, G.R. No. 90426, .
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·· · · · · ·Dire~t rei~rt to ~heis n~tallowed. Ail. should. first pai;,s through the CA l;>y way of a. pet.1t!on · . for c'ertiorartunder Rule 65; b,efor~ .reacningJhe SC t~rough a'·pelilion.for review._on certiorariund~r- _Rule . 45 (St. Mart;n·. ~uneral .Home: v. NLRQ, G.R · No. · ·t 30.866; Septeff!ber.16, ·1998). · . ·. . . ·.
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PET·ITION'FOR REViEW UNDER.R!..ILE 43 . . . Decisions of Voh..intary Ar!:>iirator. are appea!able to cAwia Rule 43 Pe,titiqn for Relliey,, just like tho~e. of [ .. · t6e ·. _q.uasi-judic_ial : age1'lcies: .. · boar<;ls · . ,and__ !?.:. . · commissions. enl!merated thl;lrem, and c~ns1:-~ent ii 'with. the original _purpose -tb. ·provi~e· a ~rn~orm proc_e~ure for the appellate review e>f adjud1cat1ons. e of all ·qu·asi·judicial entities (S~mahan ng Mga
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. A. Motlon·tor.·Re~:'onsider:ation May,:!3e File:d from of.a-Voluntary Arbitrator . .. tns· 'true" that "Article ~75 maK.es· the: voluntary · ,/,"') arbitration .award: fi_nal and. exeeutory .atter _10 Al :._::;.:{ calendar: daysfrom receipt of copy of the· award or / •. ·· '·.'\.,;'\ decision bythe parties:'. Presumably, the decision . (_'1;;;.:' ;,-..· ..,·.~~ may 'still·~~ rec.ons.id~r.ed by the V?lunt~iy. Arbitr~Jor .· \l f ;\,.-·.·.~ on.the bas1~.Qf a motion for rec;ons1d_erat1on ·d1,1[y filed , 7'~ifrfnn-:-thati~~eriod (Teng 'V., ,Pahagac; . G.R. No. . //// ..l' ,. -"·'-",-~,:~ . i .sd:·..~::~;:z.-.,, •... _·;t'' .. . . .. . .
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Relief in ·a· :SpeciaL, ~jviJ :·action . fo~ ·certiorari. is · : . av~IIE!.ble- only : when, the · . folJow1ng , essential reqoisites conci:tr: - . ·. . ' . . 1. The petition. must be 'directed against a tribunal, · btiard, ·or· qfficer . exercising· -judicial or · qua~i. judicial functions; . .· · · . · . : . · . .'2. l'he. tribunal, board; _or,offjcer musthave, acted Without ·or in _ex~:'~ss 'of jurisdicUon .9r Y,Jith 9rave abuse of discretion amounting to la~k br e~cess .·ofju'tl~dicti~n; an'rj... . ·, ··. . . .. . .· ·. · -3. There is'no appeal 'nor any ·plafn; spe,ed~ and . adequ_ate-rerriedy rri the ·Clrdinary_.c;:ourse 9f la~ (RULES OF CQ~RT,· Rule 65, Se,c, 1). . ·
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·JUR.ISDI.CTIO.N.AND.REMEDIES SAN BED~ LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPER/iTIONS• MEMORY AID 20.19
. . . . ·. A petition for certiorari under_ Rule 65 of th.e R.ules of · Court·will lie only where a grave.abuse of discre~ion · . or ·an act without or, in ·excess of jurisdiction of the.·. Voluntary· Arbitrator is sh9wn, whlqh may. be filed . with ~he Court of App~~ls .(SirrJe Parby Pilipina$;·'/nc. v. Magsalin, G.R. No. ·90426, Deqemb~r 15, .1989).··
_ 11. In the nam~ of·.§.\Jt;>stantial justice and f~ir play; · 12. 1mportance of the issues involve.d; and 13. Exercise of. sound. Disc'retiori° by the judg~ guided ·by all the attendant circ'umstances (Lim . ' v.·De/os Santos, G.R.,:No: .172574, July 31, 2099).
Course of Action.-of the.CA G·rave abuse of discretion arn9untlng· to lack orThe CA may either: . . exceas of jurisdiction has ·been defined ·.as .the 1·'. · .Dismiss.the petition; or capricious. and .. whimsical. exercise of .judgment . 2. Reqvir,e the submission . · qf · th·e relevant · amounting to -or. equivalent. to. lack-of jurisdictlon. ·. documents; or . · . · There Is grave abuse of dlscretton.when the power 3. Order the tn.lng of the ~merid~·d. p!:)tition with the. is exercised: in an-erbttrary or despotic m.anne.r by · reqt1ired ·Pl~adings or. dcicuments (RULES.. OF : reason Of "passlon pr personal hostility, and must be .· . . COURT, Rule: 46, Sec.. 5). . so patent and· so gross as to.arnountto .an.eva~ior:i · of.a positive 'duty or-to. a virtual refusal to perform the du°ty enjoined or to' act at all .in contemplation of.law '.. Rule on '(erification -and. Cei:tlflc.ate · .o{ Non- .. . (Dor, Orestes Romu?lde; ~{ectric..Co.op·era.tive;Inc: Forum Shopping. . . . .. , · · v..;NL:RC;.G.R. No. 128389-, November:25, ·1999J.' .--=~o-parties. .are. being sued ih · their Indlvtdual '?Pj}eifi~i •.. the certltlcetlon of -non-forum · shopplnq . Rules 'on Period, asprovided under. Ri,ltes.of9{vil· ' . }f~.ljlegtb~q9ly.one of two .or m~re petitioners is· ·Proce·c;ture. . . . -~..=---=..d~f~Jivefu.9le'ss hewas 'dl.lly authorized by hisco1. Period within.which to·file peli\l6f-for ~ert}pr"ari- .: , . petitlbr:u~rs.{Pet~i Corp. v. NLRC, G.R. No .. G.R. 60. days from notice .of -jJ;(clgrh~t,.~r9.~~0r:=?e=-N0~4~3.?~tfo§'e{2.7, 2006). . >· · resolution (Opinaldo v. /R~kJ/f.ff N~ 'lf"' ~ · '\.' ~·;r<} ~ . :· · . · . ·196573, October 16, .?01 ).f .. · ~. ilbte·: In ifase~~tltion'\s filed by a corporate entity, a 2. In case MQtic~m for Recorig:iderat~~?r otlon for . "'--~;;'.:'·!c~rporat~ offiC'(!f. 1w!:to)i~i.a·co-pefitioner therein need-: New Trial. is· file~. regard~~tw.hethe~·req~~~-. nor~~n.tli~ \l~~~jf~f~?nand Certlflcatlon on-Non:-or. not - 60-.¢lay pels'{,-;..ii,;f rea~o~ed ~~~ looi ·~~m ~:fiopp,~g rPet.r,oN .Corp:~v. NL~G,· G.R, fvo. eo!l:puted__ from · notice o~~eR,cf~nralJ>f: S):I_C~~- Nof 15453: }3_cto.ber_.?7,2006) . ·.. · · . : motion . (T1razona .v.. ·(t\~~'\r: ~~\t§!.1!3;;;'1:;:;.,r...· _b .... : March 1-3, 2008). ·. · .. ,r) \. ,<#/. f~Timg,.:i>~ tiorj/ for"'R~~on~teculiar' legc1I and equitable 'Ql~cumstances . - attendant to ..each case;
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~~such' appeal from 'a final dlsposltlon of the Court of ~~---~--~~ ...........--:-,-:.:--:-.~.-"""'."'-., ·:;Appeals· is a petition for, review on ceriiorsri under · · PRESCRIPTiON ·6-p.__OFFENSES i ·;~t.!le . 45;·-·. and , not · a .special civil action '. AN:O CLAIMS :-0f cerliorariunder. ·-Rule 65. of the Rules of Court. ,r~ule 45 ls clear that fhe ,deci,_si'9n:;:. final _orders_ or tr: resr;,lutions of.the Court of Appeals. in any case; 1.e., /· r.egardl~ss of the nature ottne actlon-or proceeding ~;,,.:,fnvolv.ed, may be .appealed to the Supreme Court by PRESC-RIPilON OF OFFENSES · · , ·-;;· filfng a, petltlon for' review, ·.~hlch' .would be _but a G~nera I Ru le: T.he prescriptive:· period of al r offenses .·cqntinuation. of the appeuata- process . ov~r the p~nalized · ~n~er .the l:ab_o~ c·o~e,. and. its 1Rf3. is 3 ,1-" original· case.. Under Rule 45, the reglementary years from the'time of co~m!$.s1on·thereof (LABOR pe"riod tcappeat is· .15 days from notice of.judgment CODE, Art.- 305). . .. ·-~ or denial of ·the motion. for. reconslderatlon {Asian TransmissionC¢rp. ?A, G.R. No. 144664, ·Ma.re~ Exc~ption:·· All cc;>m plaints ·i~volvirrg _ULP. shalt be.. 15, 2004). · -: '·. fl!~·a ·Within· 1 year frorh·\heUme'_ttje .acts complained . •-~: .. . .. . of wer.e cornmltted} ott:ie~l~e,.tney shall .bEf.~a_rred · A petition for certiorari.under Rule- 65 -cannot .be forever (LABOR-CODE:, Art: ?05).. . . i:: .substltute for lost appeal under Rule 45 in ca1>e. the . . . . . . .. ~f. aggriev~d party. f.ails _to file an appeal with.in._ the · '· . Pre-requlslte for Prosecutlon.of Criminal Cas~s reglem~ntaiy ,.P~_riod. (M'9/ayang Mar,ggagawt:1 ng,,,<:) It Is §1 conditi_or:i sine·qu<'! _non·th~t ~ firial-·jy~g':1ent 'j: . Slf!yfast · PHL, · Inc: .v. N~SC, G. R. No.- 1553?!!( 1( • finding that al') ur.ifait_ labor practice. was committed ,; • August.28,. 2013). · . · . . · . . i,, ·, 1 \ · by ~e· r~sppnd_ent sho'uld , fir~t. be . secured or . . :' . ·. _.,. .. . .... · · .. ·: ,,fvf{s\Jd obtained m- the labor .. or adm1mstrat1ye .case_ or l'(. In case. w'1<;1t 1s filed 1s a- petition .und~r Ru)e);9, r -~ ..... •~;:-1P,~9c1;iedinQ;}njtiated ,before the LA er the Voluntary i"· . inste?id _of R.u.le 49,.before the ~upreme Court;,tnay.t /!<-l'~=..c..'.AfbifE~~~-,HAN, supra at ~O).· · · · · ,:- ... treat the pet1tron erroneouslY. filed und~"'~.9(e"~5as'--· jf. · . ...,___ 1 . .. . · .··. . . . . X. having bee_n file.d und~r R':)le 1!?_, _ti~}')1 muf.~,,:J . Note: Final{j~ )fment is ·o)ie that finally 'dispos~s ';)f · comply with the ~eglementary peno.d:f.9[.'filrng -~.P_,.,li the action~rrllr!:lceeding. lf1he remedy of c!ppeal 1s ;.,-. '.. appeal_. Th.is· r~quirernent is A?:t 6~[Y,t.~'a99~~r,'yb_1,1t. ~ ~)\ availablet)'~ut o\_ppeal m~d~; then the judgment . :: . . ·also jurisdictiona.1 sµch t~at faJurl;lAod~ ~o--timder.:\,. {_';. is d~en:iet:!'fill I and executciry. If .an._appeal is 'made, .. L · the·:. assaile.d dedsion finr-:it:;_sin_dt:~..,E)~,utory"' ai;:tP'"" J,11 .' then'~t?_,,~1Jo~Uyd_q:r.e'}t.r~ndered by the ra·~qrif:>u_nal · to wfiieti-,..)t.~~1:~C:c;~~'Na_s.elevated should, b~ the. : 4 ·. deprives the ~:upreme· C:ourt~.£?ur1sd1~t10:p,to. th~ final judg_ment",much less-to ~!~t!a'l:5'\tJ'iJ?.app~i?J~I. t·~'j reckoninttfaefofr-'{2 CHAN, supra at 8~0). . · ~;.. · (Tfrazon·a. v. CA,.. G.R, No. 19.97.12;·l!§.,;.Ch '1.3\200Ef), .. f , . ·: · . . · : . . . · ·. ~ .: l;i . · .. 1r\r".'·f0.ii _ULP ca~~s•. th~· ..~nal Judg~ent.: 1~. t_~e · ;;.· RµI~ on Ver!ti_c~t1on· ariq .Cert1flc~{~~~f· N~n:..,.....-~'/1,•~;atifT,ITr:ilSt~ive·proceedmg_s s'hall not ll.~ ~mdmg in ,'f . Forum Shopping . . · p-·-....1-th~crftli,nal case nor. be co11sidered as ey1dence of ( Ve,rifi1?tion _c1.nd. sworn .certification 'Qi ~nori4.r . . .· . . 'offense is Interrupted ·ctur'ing the. pe·ndenc:y of .th.e. Fr~sh Period Rulft ·.. . • . . .. . · . . . . .· · administrative ·proceedfng. (LAB.OR C(!D_E, Art.' .258): · This>fe·sh'periocf°rule'. sh'all ~lso apply .to Ru_le .40 .. governing· appeals fron:i. tne MunicipafTi'ial' Courts·to · lllega! pismi~sal: is Not ''Offense" . · .· "'·· . the ·Regjo·n£ll 'Trial .c·ourts; Rule ·42 or'i petition_s.. for . . l'he act of'th~ e_tnploye,-1n c.lis'missil)g an employe~ ;: -' . review from tlie Regional .Trial Co1:itt~ to th"E: Court of . ·. · without ju.st.9ause; .although viol~tioh of th_e_ l..,abor ·:. ·Appeals; Rule 43'. ~i, _.~ppeals_ from ._quasi~jl,ldicial._ ·. Code, does not ainou·nt to a!'), "offense"·as the ~erm ·· · ·-ag~ncies tq -the Court of Appeal~ c!n<:I ·Rule _~5 · · is .understoo
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claims fqr backwaqes and damages due :me.gal . dismi_ssa1.:(Arriola Pilipinos.tarNgayon, lnc.,.~·R· No. 115689, Augusl 13, 20.14). '•
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SAN BEDA LAW CENtRALIZED BAR OPE:f0TIONS - MEMORY AID .2019·
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Money _claims shall" be fifed before the appropriate . entity iridependently·of. the. criminal action that may be instituted in the proper courts .(LABOR CODE,
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ArC307). . . · · · . .Acttons lh.volv.ing' the Funds .of ih~ _Unior . A~y action involvjrig the funds of a labor _orgc1nizatlon_ · shalt prescribe after 3.years·from the date: · Pending· the final deterrnlnatlorr-of the merits of 1". Of submission. of .the annual financial report to money claims filed with the appropriate. entity, no . . the DQLE;·or . . . . , .. . . .. · . civil ·action ··arising·.from· the ·same -cause of action 2,. T11~·. samei should have -been submitted .. aa- .' shall be.filed with any court (LABOR CODE, Art. . required by law; whichever comes earlier (!BR 307). . · . · . . · . . . of LABOR CODE, Book Vii, Rule II, Sec. 5). ·. · ·: . : · . ·· · · · · · · · ·· ·· ·· · · · · · · · · Cases lnvolvi.ng the. Accrual of Cause 6f.J\<;tion/ .Note: the pr.o~isic;>h applies,()rilytci ~d,egitirnate labor . . Reckoning of the 3-V:ear Prescrlptlve period . . organization whic.h has.submittedthe financial report . In . one case, petltlorier repeatedly demanded : requirements . under· the· Gode (!RR. of ~'BOR. · paymentfrom. respondent but' the latter warded off COPE; .Book.VII; Rt:Jl~)J;- Seo; 5). · . _., . ·: . : these- .demands ·~b.y ·saying 'It would look into· the . . ., · .rnatter. Petitioner; finally -dernanded in, .writing the . . :e,tec! of Failure to· Comply WiJh Report_or,!gla-,,c,,..-:u,;,J:~~-~e~t.Only then was· the ·claim categorically . Re_q~iretnents . . . ., . . · •1~.. .]" •• · ~,enl~~!:?Y,.the respondent. The SC held. that Failure to-comply with the above r~quir~n'iifnt~'\shall. i>'.e~tiofrer:~ cause · of action- .. accrued upon notbe ·a gr9u~d for- ca_nc~ilatio~.of -~jo(feg~lji~~·"F'=-.,,,...-=.-,-v.:1~129~deVit's.. ~~n ite denlar of his claim (Serrano v · · but shall. subject -th~ ernng o_fflcE;t~..P~ n:·~~ets·!o. __ · C~;''G--,~No.$3f~l0,_Augus~._15,·2001) . . susp~n~,o~ •.. expulsion .·f,:om_171~i:nl:5'ezy~ir. 9..~,->'ar-ryr=:-~·-....,.,..~-~-·~f-\. ·A,\\ . · ·· · -, : · ... · appropriate penalty {LABOR CJJ.@..~~rtf•25g). · TC',!). ~fescn~tiv'~.u_w-JotServ!~e ln_cent1ve. Le~ve , . . · · -,f '"-. . .Y/ · ff JC ,~. ;fl:le · 3-y~ar ·P,\;el;lcr.iett~e perrod, m the fight of the . Illegal.Recruitment · . /! . peculiarity of .t~~~Jf)'~o"mmences not at the end of· . ·.1. 5 ye~.rs for simple iliegal[irtfcp:titr'nent;_. a ~- ..... ·1~~!a'fl.hentfit ett;ml~y~e be~mes ~ntitled .to the . ' · . ~· 20 ye~r.s .. . . .:~mu~bo_n.Of _f11rsl~,t~Ut from the time WhE:m t~e· .· ··3,, for: :iffeg,al recrl,!it.!11e1·.•..J:O>V-d,ving. e~horm\~~;-:~IOyE}r~fustf$p.-t0o}1,Y.it~ moneta[Y e~ui".'alent . · sabota,ge (R.A: No:·804?,.·s~, ,'12):~· · · t:!.. ~ after d~-~ 'of.f_?m!71,utatlohor.. u_pon ferminatip~ of - _ emo~····~·~·':"f. as U,e case may be (Auto SSS Violation . .. fi . .·.~ .. ;~•. ~ · ~~.fls/J,~ff:>..Orf,j,Syst~:S, Inc. v. Bautista, GR. No. ·. · )n cases in~olving rt;!fusal o.r n~glect b~Jt:e. oor5 · er:~~:~·· . ~~~.g_7,,"May_/.6,200p). . . · ·· .· . In the remtltanc.e. Of -CO~tribUtl~S. to; th_,E! .S.S°s_/~ _;/ .. U. . ~;#" : . {-1 . . . . , .' . . . · · rigi\t .to il')Sti_tu.te._th~ .. necessary)a~tion ~~i.nS~c;{m,Yl ti}~u'~Y·1":~f f{~,fr\in9'.of·_Pr,es.criptiv~ P_eriod .. . employer may be· cotnm!3nced w1th.1p 20.y,eaf:s,fra~VRi~_e,rescnet.LQ.n_J2f an.action is 1_nterr11pted by: (FEW} the tim_e the delioqµ.ency is know11 or"f~--~,g~.,.s~~~~~T,t:i-e'~ii~~/ff an 9ction; . · · . · ·· ·. . _i~. ma1;1e· by. the _SS.S, or ·fr9n;i.. u,~ .tim~~:tb~_ge.fit "f~ /{ !;,
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, · · · · , ARTiCLE 307: 1N.$Tl'.t:liT!ON. ci,.A,ivas · · · · · · · ·. · · •.· · ·. ': . PRESCRiPTION ·OF. MONEY ci.A11i11s .. · · . . · · · All n:ioney _cJa(ms -arising ,from fa-i;e'. -ret;:itloosnip ·. s.ti·alf l;>e filed.V{ithin 3. years frorn the tim~·lhe cau~a· . ·of-a.ction accrued; otherwise, it.will foreve]',~e.barred (LASD_R (;ODE,Art. 306}. .
On th.is\ poi~t,' tht!l· ·court r·~leci th~t ~ltt,ough the com111encer:n~nt pf a civil' action stops .th'e runnii:,g of the st~tute of.prescription or liinitatloris, its dismissal . or voilint;:iry :apandonment. by. p/ain.tiff·-'leave~· the. . parties in exactly the:s.clme -positio.n as ~bough no. action h.ad be¢n.commenced at .all (lnteioori_tinenta/:· Broad_aastirig Cqrporatipn 'It. PangarJiban;.G:.R. No. · .151407, Februaryp,-2007):" . . .. .
OF M:bNEY
• Note:. iince·.~ cabs_~·of action.requlre..s _ij~-~-~se~t_iat· ' · element not only a legal right ."of.plaintiff. and a· · _correlative,oblig;:ition the defendant bu\ also .a'._l a.~t .. · or omi.~sion of the defenda.nt in y.iolation of sai~ .lega_l: -rig flt, .-the· c·ause. of action does·,not ·accrue· until .the par:ty_ ~bJ_i_gatec:i"°refu~es,
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Note: Making of "follow ·~ps" .regarding the clairfrfor. ' ··ben~fi,ts couJd hot ha~e validiy.to,-leo the presctiptive · · . . period: Re"$p!:fnd.er:,t did .not mal<e ai:iy· ex!rajudicial . ·dem~nd. J~eithe.r' did petitione_r· make .any written acknowledgement of its alleged. obligation "(PLDT v. .. Pingol,_G.R. No.. 182(142; September 8, 2010).. · · · , :· · · ·· ·
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JfPrlnciple of Promissory Estoppet tl p~omissory_estoppel m~y _ari_se fr
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intended' that ttie· promise·should be relied upon, as .(!-: in 'fact it was relied upon; and if a refusal to enforce it would virtuallysarictlon the perpetration offr'aud cir }~ would result in other injustice: This presupposes 'the . ~J' . existence bf a promise on· the. part of one ag~jnst whom estoppel .is claimed. -The promise must be ,1'' .. plain and unanibigiJous and sufficientiy, specificso ·tl)at ._-ttie . C9Urt -C<J'~ understand:' tli)·. O_bllgation ;t .assumed .and enforce the prornlse.accordlnq' to its 1\ · term'S-(Accessories$pecialistinc,( v. Alabahza; G.R: t,\ No. . 168985, July 23,· 200,8);. ~ ': ·. · . ..,. . .. ~~ . .
3 years from ihe accrua( of the causes 'of. . action (LABOR
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1 ·year frqm the accr1,1al of the Gause of action (J,:ABOR ,90bE, .
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fl.rt. 305) 4 y~ars. from ttie accroal of the' · .c.ause: c;>f. actio'!1 .. (Arriola, v... · P,ilipino Stai Ngayon, ln.c.,"0.R. No. 1/56..89;August-1.3, 2014)'.,- · . . · .
tt)e·prin~iple of promissory estoppal is a-recognized, exception.. _to· the 3,--year .prescriptive period · enunciated · .in .Artlcle ~06·. of the labor, _C(?de . (Accessories Specialist lnc., 1-68985, July_~3. 2008). · ·
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ii,',.-. In order to make but, aclaim ofpromlssory estOP:f?f31il:;•\ t: a party bears the burden of establishing thefollp~jq~ :'/ :;~:.-, .•;_ . . ·. ·. .· · ·. · · . · · · ··. . '/1I i°' r-,,·''·~~~,~)-,-'"7::.:1!~ . ·. :· J · .~. · elements: . .(PIO) : :
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1. A ~r.om1se was reasonably expected to i(,!puc-3,~,,.t ,.;;~.,i?,~~-!. ,-\ action-or forbearance; · · . ;,,:·..-;:/. .. · V "2. Sucp promise did, in fact, !nduceiuet:(actio,:i.9r~~J · · · ·. · ili~\, forbearance: arid · · . ~.:J:· ·(f · · ., ,,.~~ · !f i 3. · n~ .. party : s·uff~red oefri~~otJi~~r:.a-;;11ei"Jtt.-.tf
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1 _. . . Emp]9·yee~/compens~ti~n ·. ~~~ :· ,;:~ · Gen~r~I Rule:·. N.o claim/or cqm~s$1oi'(;shall ~{ . f'':j . ?: . given _c;lu~ ·co~rse unle_ss said ::c1airil'!i~,til¢d'··~ith_-the . f·~~.~ . · ?{;- · S$S _o,r' GS~S ~ith_in ~ yearsfrom the ~u~e f~.;i:i·S'l>TTm 1~·· · · of acti'o'n ·accrued (LABOR CODE, Ad(i,?07). /.'r}¢.~_:.!L.d.~. .... ~
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ExceptjQn.; . ·:., . _... . . ~{Ii.~ . . . -~- .... 91aims file<;!· beyond_ tt)e 3~year·.prescriptil/~- per_iod· ·· :t{ rriay still tie,giver:i 'dUEf eQ.l..!rS~,·proy)d~ that: : '· 1. A claim was.'fjled.for'Medicare-, retirEim'ent with . 'disability, .bur:ial, death' claims,, or. life {dis~QilJty)' ... •· ·insuranc&,.with the GSfS·with1n 3'. years'from ~he. ..: ·. 11' · .. occutrer:1ce; · .. . .. ": . ?- . 2: the· _case of th~ pri_\'sitet. sector 'erpployeesi. a .. ~;' claim for 11/!edicare,·.~ickness, buri~I. disability,:'pr ~> d~atf:I ·. !.-va.s· -. filed . within .3 . y~ar.s . ·,frofn •, the . : \ : occu~e.nce:of the· co_~ti.n~enc:_yi . .'. · .. ,. . . -· .: ;'· : ·· · a.'. In any ,of' the. foregoing-ca~es, the e~ploy.ees' . comp~nsatibn claim shall be filed with th~.Gs1s· .. or the SSS wittiin a re·asonable time as provided. . ' (.', .. . by. law,_ (¢cc RµJ~~ of Proqed_urr,. for. the 'Fllitiq ' ~-- 1
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Note: ·The·: claims falling ·under- the .. ~mplqyees; Com'pensation Act should. be lib_e'rauy' resolved to I f1,1Jfil its essence ~s a.-social iegislatfon .desi_gned fo :;- . . •affor~.~elied to the working"rrian in our society.
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2019 SAN SEDA LAW CENTRA.LIZED eAR OPERATJQNS
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SAN BEDA LAW CENTRALIZ§.DBAR OP£RATIPNS- MEMORYAJD 2019
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PROCEDURE IN HANDLING GRIEVANCE (lf:?R of L.AB9R GODE, Book V, Rule XIX, Sec. 2, as amended by 0,0. No: 40-03) .
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NO
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Follo~ -;~e stated rules ·in·the:CBA
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Grievance ._
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See: · Flowcharts on . · Voluntary ·. . 'Arbitration · (p, ~53"-259)
YES: .With CBA? ..
··.END .NO
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252 I 20i9 SAN SEDA .LAW.CENTRALIZED BAR 'OPERATIONS.
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WHEN THERE IS A-PERMANENT ARBITRATOR NAMED IN THE CBA (/RR of LABOR cooe. Book V, Rule X.!X, Sec. 3, ~s-amended.by D.0. 'No: 40-03)
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gr.ievance remains.
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:ro.ARBITRATE·upoi:, the _ other; coP,y"_furni·st:i.ed to· Perms:inef.i~ Arbitrator or ,
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JURISDICT·ION·AN·.D ~N
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BEDA:LAW CENTW.H?EDBAR OPEFIATIONS- MEMO.~YAID ;io/9
.WHEN THERE IS NO-PERMANENT ARBITRATOR NAMED IN THE CBA (/RR of LABQR CODE, Book_V,.RuleXIX,. Sec. 3, as ar(lend.ed by_D.0. No. 40-0;J)
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Wl:)en grievance. remains UNRESOLVEDafter · exhaustlori of grievanee . machinery· .
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'Determining Arbitrator's. ·. acceptance and availability : . :· to:haridf~ the case '
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NLRC orits appropriate R~gional Arbitration · Branch issues an order to submit the . · . dispute 'to. voluntary arbltratlon, and endorse entire 'records to NCMB
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Wo~irig · Conditions
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·Regio1,1al Office 1 . Med-Arbiter · 2. Regional
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SAN BEDA tAW CENTRAUZED'fJAR OPERATIONS - MEMORY
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_The general purposes ot workmen!s compensation leg·islation; therefore, are:·(l"OT-PI) 1.. To [mprove ·th~ economic ·status ofthe workers; '.ARE __ . ~· _· _: 1 · ~~-LEGISLATION . 2. To Qbviate the uncertainties,. delay, expense, . 'and hardships attendant upon. the enforcement . ' I. ofcourtremedies; : . . .. ·. · Social Legislation ,. . 3. To Iransfe"r .from the worker to the industry in Refers to those laws that provide particular-kinds. of which he ts employed, ·. and ultimately to the ·· .protection or benefit~ to .so.cfety'orsegments the.reof . consuming public, a. greater pr.o'pqrtlon. of the . . in furtherance of soclal justiqe· (1 l,ZUCE/VA, supra ecoriornic loss due to industrial acoidenta.and : at 10). · : . ·. · . injuries: . . 4 .. To frq'(ide, riot on.Ly foremployees aremedy · TITLE TWO: EMPLovees ·caM.PENSATION AND which is both expedltious and Independent of · STATE'1~isuRANCEFlfND . ·· .: . · ·. ·. : proof. qf fault. but also for. employers a lia_bi)ity. .: CHAPTER I; POLICY ANO DEFINITION . v,,_tiich is lirnlted and determinate; and ... · ... · ·· · --5 .. To Improve the relations between. employers Workmenis Compensation .. is a. ger:ieral and . and 'employees by· avoidlnq or reducing the · comprehensive term applied to those laws providin·g ·· . friction Incident to litigation (1 AZUCE!NA, supra . fo,r compensation for loss resultirtq "from tne ii:ijury~,~...:.: at"516). · , . · · · .disablement .or : death. of .. a· .workm?tn..;,:,tb16r:igh ·: industrial · accident, casualty,' or- .,~is·«;las~ (1 . ; "·· l ;." .. · · . .: AZUCENA. supra at _5_14):- . ·. P /' ~MPLOYEES · .
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p~lmary-. purpose • of ls .to p1ovig~l.-~~~1ia'h.f~~ disability · or death . resultiri.ef ·tra~/occi;lpation.~l. ~ ~ · ·.;. · t\ "\:; J-,..&- · \ • · · • injuries or .di~ease~, or· 1;1c~\di!ntal.inJJ:lry 1o$,.or _deat~ 1 of employees: ~h~.statute 1~Jl-~e~1al on~-el.'la_eteC:J-"ili'-' __primarily for the beneflt of v,,tio wolks l~e-~ , <' \ pursui~s._subject to.lts proviti~~~l.~~s-~ortflW·benfili{ .;-, ~CotPENS~1I!ION LAW (ECL) of the ,n1ured _empro.yees ~rir~t.i¢!_J~urecrei~_}~Y'e(~~~ i..): &.-PoEA:.SEc· (1 AZUCENA,.supra at 51_5), ·· · 11""'\\i ~"J' ~- ,, • 11 compensatlon.ract
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'The. Principle 'of\.So_C?ial.·~):u~ity\ls r3p'l1~ · : · . Emplo~eE:s'. Cpm~e~s.ation C,o~r:r:ils.si~ ~E~~:fi ·· . ' . . Comm1ss1q~ adm1n1s_ter:s ai:icj s~ttles. <:_laim_s f(b~.~~e.&ens.~1ionm,. ans . all pay'T'~nt~. made 'for fun~ under its e_xclus1~~ c~ny-o!. l'~e !3mpl9~~~ t:ftt.~~J E.N,1fueon;i.~~~t;Jefits..i~~d. medical or related l;>enefits ·. · not interveri~ in.the,compen~ation p~~~e~lan,9)tcb.~~~---,=;>-.fM/3~~R. CQb'fl.f)\rl. 173 (o)).. . _ ·.. . . _. n_C?.con.tr?'·· as .!n me:p;3st, ?ver ~'.3~en~oA1cleJi.ts.·1i,--,-,.. i... ~~-\..'\./J· ·' .. - . . . ·.. : . · . · A covered· cla1~i:in! .suffering from a_n .o~~t.lQ.~t6nal j\}1f·S~~~,,§f6fCompensat_•
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insurance Statt.Jtes - require the 'employer to take out insurance elther with an insurance . bureau operated by the state· or with a private company.' or to contribute to a compensation " fund, and If ari employee is injured, the · 'eompensahon.Ispaid by thelnsursr or from the -cornpensatlon fund (1 AZUCENA,supra·at516). _
2. ..B_uilt throug(:1 ~oritri~utions of th~ employers . qased or:i the sal~ries of their employees; . 3.. · C.on'ti·overslori to· the right to compensation by 'tiie e~plo.iees'is nofreql.iire.d. Opposition by the empl_oyers {s. likewis'e discarded; . . . . 4. Rule on ~ggro:!vatiOf'1 of lllrie~s is· removed; .fr. Einpi~yers' ·duty. is only ·to. pay · the regu.lar monthly eremiums to the sch~m,e; al"\d 6. Empl9yee.s' Gompen~afion C~mn'ii~sioh .(ECC;) administers and Settles -clai.ms fron'I a fund under ,its:exclusiv~ control. The employer do.es 'not :rntervepe, ·as. i,n .th'e .past, .. over 'Jjayment of . · : b_et'lefits (Sarmientov. ECG, G.R. Nd. L-'65680, . .· Mf,y·f.1,__1988). . · .. ·i · .
i;:. Enactment' . . . . f'.P·.o. fl!o. 62~ ?.i' _the. Em_ployees' Compensaflon
~; Law (ECL), issued· on December. 27; . 1974, ·:;. · amended extensivety the· Labor Code provisions· on. :{::. f:'mployees' -Cornpensation and. $tate Insurance fun<J (.1'AZUGEf'/A,.~~pra at 518) ..' : .. :~ .' .. . . -. . . . .. i. RD.. l'.JQ .. 626 took· effect on January 1, 1975 and t . 'applies . prospectively.. Thus: it applies, oi:ilY. to · .-: illnesses -co·ntracted · 011 -or after -that date. The · f Wor.kmen's 'Compensetlon Act c,i{CA).· applies to . illnesses .. contracted · 'before · -thar date. The Workmen!$. Compensatlon Comrnlsslon was fin.allYcVi1). aboltshed on March 31, 1976·(1 AZUCENA., , .518). . · · I>:·· ;~, ·,
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":: . · err,P1oyees. :The . injured w.orker · ~oes not. hav~. tO .~ · : litlg'ate hi~· 'right. to. cai'l)pensatlon. H~··sifr1ply files a· , · claim, with ·the .... new neutral... ·Employee's· Compensation -Co.rnmis.si°onwhic~ then deMrn'lines· · whether or. not. compensation . may . be paid. (1 :POQUJZ, sup,:a at' 507j.. ': . . .
. ·: N~~~re of . th~ . ~tale'. insurance .Fi;l.nd, '(SIF):. (C3APS) .. . . ·. . . . . 1: P,resul'f1ptlon of ·,g,.om_p_ensabili.tyin· fav
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No re'ed.. tq pre.sent Proof. causation is p'(oof ..of c~u·satibn ·(1 needed:'if.the disease is . AZUCENA, supra_ at ~qf listed (1 AZU9~1'/A, . ; -520); . _s'tJpra·at 521}: ·.:. The.burden ~fpr.oo{that' Un.der th1;3 present ·,aw, ·. the' illness did nor arise 'for a ;:in . emplbye_e. (o l?~ out of employnienl, orat entitled' ti:> -~ickness or least ~ggrav~ed 'by it, death benefits, . the fEill. the employer\,. sickness . or . death shou)ders. The re~ulting therefrom. must en:1pl_6yeehas .no·duty_to be, or mus_t have resulted .show: . causatlon : (1. fro!'fl:.
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at ·1. A~y illness definitely
accepted. . as an .occupational dlsease ' llsted.: by ' the Comrnlssion:' or 2. Ariy iliness causedby . .the . · .. employment subject" to · proof . that the risk oLc:ohfractii'ig . the same is" increased by WQrkin_g.cond!tions .,
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. . Abo.llshed cbncepts under the EG!- . While the pre·sumption.of compensability and theory .of aggravation· un~er the Workmen's Compensatipn .Act.may have been abandoned under the New Labor Code,. it ·iS significant that the liberality of the la~J.°in ~ME!ral in ~avo~ of the w9rkingman still subsists. _T~is rnterp·retat1on applied Art. 4 of th,eLabor Code .,vhrch provides that all do'ubts -shcJII be resolved in favqr of labor (La"Z;ay. ECC,·G.R. No. 78167, June 18, 1990):
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.Pr~si.lmptia'n compensability provides that· 6nce -ihvas proven that the injury or disease arose . in the cour.se of· employment, the legal presumption-,: . 'in tne . absence. of substantial :evidence. to·. the contrary, was thaqhe ,claim. for eQmP.el'lsation came' .. · within. the .provision~ of. the .compensatjon law (1· . AZUCENA, sµpra·_at 520). · . .
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of· · aggr-avation provides that "-c:ompensabillty 'may be established if, by substantial . . •.. t . , • .. . " •. : . .. . . : ..:.levid~~c~. it ca_n be demonstrated that_ the w~rking. - . . · . .. .. · ·-/.;.· ,~·. ·•. 1 -~, :,:.-::-.~onq1trons aggrayated or at least contributed in the : The · erriploye_r s~ould. _srnce t~.cla1~0J4:J~_e · .' ~dvaiic~m·en! ~f the employee's illness (J_ep_sens co~trovei:tor dispute !he emplo~e\:-h.,: :r,~.-.,,Mantime,-lnc.· v.. Babol; GR. No: 204076, 'December · claim.. tor .compansatlon coml?e~~gtr&w1f"9irecrn1 . 'l\""' .4 2013): ···~ ?() '\ . . . . . . . -within'.1,4 days fC<;J~ t~e _ag~ih_s'~~V-1ff Sf.. th!1 :4Jj~ dat": of the dlsabillty; or ernJSl?ye.r's;loes -~ot _have ./( ~-,. .C_ompen·sabih\y{o,f!'Ji'l~,mbers of the Military . within 10 days .after: he to/,cer:1~9"[irtthel!,l_a1m-_(.:1 .. -1f'r~·uesp1te!',he e><
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a. . \l'.Vhile the soldier is on Furlbugh or On.· leave, he or she is considered absent from military service, .. .,,.. b. \/Vhile the soldier 'is on .G_or:walescent, ·.. ~ompassi6rfate or §.ick leave, except when. the leave had been dueto work-connected · illness or injuties; ... . . c. While the.soldler is on m~t.ern)fy, paternity or gradu:ation·.!::eave; and. . . 'cL When the s'ol.dier is considered on :'AWOL" status . ((=CC Boi:i'rd. 'Resototton 03.. 020014). .. ·' . . .
Bas.le Fea'tures ·. of the New · Employee's Compensation F>rogram: (12 - PW~R) . 1. · !ntegration of Benefits .- Compensation benefits for work-connected· injury, sickness, disability, and death have been integr~ted With· those· of the GS IS/SSS and PhilHealth simplifying and . facilitating the -processinq cit .. claims. · · · . . . ". 2. Increase . in Benefits - Allowable income . · benefit has been considerably lncreased.death and permanent total disability .. benefits now consist. of .a lif~time 'pension. Burial expenses
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L ' circumstances creating a l_egal Iiabllity against.a third
1"" patty, the disabled emplo.y.ee orthe dependents,' in·
'i:,, case ot.hls death, shall bepald.by the System.'(.GSIS ,;: . .or SSS, as· the casemaybe) .. In case the benefit is:
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. :; (· '.'. '.;;l,,.. --. leg_al s~i:yrce,s are dispensed with, . ,$- ! :. · · r(.;.:... ..6;;.:~or,e_..ft.al,anc.ed. Rehabilitation· Program
excessive Recovery . Wt:iere th~ systemrecovers from ·suc;:11)b!fd"party~_; · damages. in· ex~_ess·.of _those:paid or 1a1J~w.,.,~<:und41r\::>J l the law .... such excess sh al.! be. delJy.§lir,-~· to· t~·?isable<;I er.np!~yee or ot~er perso~,~;~tit!J:ft!.ta·efreto,.. !';., ·. after d~ducfmg. ·tt,e:,. cost· gJ4roceecttngs;;7anp,__. .exp_enses of the .Sys!em,(vig~~ COf!:F;i,_Art. 1~0.'' i'".\ (b)). .: . . . . . . .. ~r'. "'-'<'~2;·0 . -~.,, . ;~: !
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have also been increased. .·· . . , frompt payment· lnecrne benefits - Does .awax with· . adversary . proceedings. The ·, employer will file·. the . claim in . behalf of thee. employee. . 4: Wider Coverage·.:. it includes employers wiJh at least one employee · arid regardless . of. the . . capitalization and the type -, and nature of thelr 3.
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- It ·er1a6fesJ,~emian!3ntly. disabled 'el'f'!pJoyees to . avail tt-i1~\~1ves of reha~ilit~tion ser.vi¢es 1Jnder the E?JPIPYve's Comp_ensi'lt.1on Prog~ar:r, (ECP) whi_ctiJ...cafi _h~)P tl1em _regain c.1s. soon_~s p0ssible th_el~jph)1f.1Cc!\~apac,tyto the _:max1mun,: _IE)~el. .p1s_9bl~~per~~n,~ c~uld therefor~ rem?m ?s &~ffil::~~Nwt~9f,,SOc1etyand regain. their self~ confu:ieQ.1,_e_;al'ld self-respect (.1 .PQQUIZ, supra
Prohibitio!) Against Do~ble ~edcwed./",,,'\_ . ·JI ~,.; . at 499). . . , . The injured employee ca~not claim\P,~ym~i)Jtwice ! 1$sT,.,,...;~ . · · · . · . ·· ·t f9r the same inju'ry from'both the thir'cfpaq:v;~_ridfr9m · /,; !, . ~-~)_".!~}-~ 1 a2: EMP!,.OYEES' COMPENSATION ·the.. employer (Alba v. BU/aong, G.R. L-1.0301¥.::'.-·-=.e.a:.QOMMl:S::S'loN ;· . and L-10$85-88, April 30, 1957). . _(';~ ~. {/',./.. Strucrure: ·. · ·· ··· · ·, · , : ',-1._r·>.[.) · .. 1. ·Chairman: DOLE Secretary· ~' ARTICl.;E W1: DEPRIVATiON OF BE;N'eFiTi . 2. Ex~Officiq Merribers:. . · f; · .. Ex'cept as.·otlierwfse pto~ide:d 'under_ :this Title, no. a. ·-_SS$.Administrator; ~ . contract•. regulation, : or d_evice whatsoev.er shall ' · ·p. · GSI~ Gen,~ral Manager; 'Operate t~ deprive .the. eg-.ploye_e or his.:~ep~ndents· C, EC.C. Executiv? Director;_ i;. of any. part of th:e· income· benefits,, ahd ·medicat or d. Me11care C.ha1rman; an~ ... relatec;l· services g'rantetl. under .this··Title :(uti16(? e. Two. appointive mernbers, one of· whotn f, CODE, ~81); .. · , · ),haH ·repre~ent ·the ernptoyee.~. ·.and one other, the employers, to be appointed by tt)e. ;f. _Rules.or;i·._!:,i·~~ltan,;ous Re:c~ve.n,: . : _ ..... · . President (LABOR _CODE, Art: -182). ' i· . · 1, $imultaneous· recovery un.d:e·r the Labor Code · : · .. · · · · .. ' · .. . . . ·'and .the Civil Code· cannot made: The action, Thrus(~of ·employees Compensation Prog'ram.,. · · · · · · · (ECP): (CCP) ,. · . . . · · · is· sele'ctiv~.· and- the emplqyee !l'ay choq_s~ io file ·: · . the claim ·u.nder-eith.er. Bu:t once .the,election. is. ·1. .Qompensative. Thrust ...:.. . ECC thrpugt:i ·SSS and ·ma.de, t.he cla'irriant. · cann,cit opt'.Jor. the oth·¢r. : · · 'GSIS pays benefits 'to the workers who suffer . remedy. (Ysmael Mantim(!!, ·corp., v: AvefiiJo, work-connected contingencies. In case' of death,· . . the btmefits. are given to the· beneficiar,ies.. : ·- G.R, Np. 4:3674, June. 30; ·1987). c · t'IVe· T.hrus·t.' ~ t re.a · t · t.h · .k · · ·· 2 · ~Ura 2.- Simultaneous. reco.very' undsr. the Labor. Code· s e SIC f!eSs or !nJury '.? . ai-.d the SSS .cari be made;since·.P.O. No. 1921 trni.t.a worker may suffe.r . · . h~s lifted the ban .on .sim.ultaneous · recovery 3. Preventive Thrust '- to minimize and ··control hazards in the' ·wqrkii:,g · e'rivironm.ent (1 (DOJ Op,inion No. -a, January 12, 1990)'. ·
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2019 SAN BE;DA LAW CENTRAllZED BAR OPERATIONS · I 263.'
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ARTICLE .. 176:'EFFECTIVITY OF COVERAGE a: . Employer: on the first da_y of l')js operation · The ·state Insurance Fund- shall be .compulso.ry ,upon: . ·· b.. Employee:: on ·the 'first_ day of.employment (LAB.OR COPE; Art. 116; Amended Rute.s : 1, ·All employers; . . on Employees Compensation (2014), ·. Rule . 2·. Employees not av.er 60 y_!3ars old; . · . I, $ec. 6). .. · · ·· . 3 .. Employees over ~O years old and 'payi'ng . contributions; · . · . 4. Employees coverable. by both· the GSIS and Rules 011. Conipen~abi(ity· · ·. . SSS shall .. be compulsorily covered by both 1.. For the injury and the resultin~j' dlsabllity ordeath · .·Systems . (Amended· . Rules on · t.=mploye·es' be compensable, the injury must be theresult · : Compensation (2014), Rule I, Sec, 2); and of an accident arjsing out' ofand In the-course' of· .. 5. · Flliplno employees employed abroad subject to' the employment (Ecc·ResolutionNo. 2.79g,july .. regulatiOr)S as 'may be prescribed (LABOR -25, '1984);·· · ·. . .' . . . . ·· '. · .. CODE,.Art. ·175)'. . · . 2. For the sickness and .the res,ultii1g·.disability or . . deathto be compensable, ~he sickness mustbe . ·_..,._Note:··Liability. of .the. ECC through SSS/G$1S.shall the result. of an. cccupatlonal disease listed . be exclusive ·ari9 in place ofall other-Habuitiesof the under t.he Rutes with the condlttons set therein .. employer to the 'employee, his dependents oi: . .. .satisfied, 9~herv.iise, . .proot rriust be: shown th~t . . ~nyon~ · otherwise entftled. to receive d~magE:~.,9.f.1..,,.;... ..., ==..~:therisk _of cohtra·c!i~~ the ·d.isease ts lncreased · Bet,art iof the employee.or his dependents :(J[?,J¥offhe· '[, i\ . .,:by,..tb_ewo~Jng conditions; and' ·. · . . -: LABOR CODE; Book IV, Rule IV, Sec:,,J.fii)). :~ OJ;ilyi~~l')jury: or- slckness that occurred on or · .· . · ... ·. . . / :{....,..~ C .~::o~, ..,,~~.•}1fter,1Ja_p.u~~ 1, .1975 and the resulting disability The payment _of compi:m~atio.n.u9.9jr-,E9'~,;~{l;ia1fno(.' . . . . . ·0~~tii~~'IS)1a~ be compensa~le . under these, -bar the recovery of benefits as 91:ovt~c;t1.tpf!!J,,_Gthe~:'°'":'"'.o....~e~ "((Arhe,f\.*'8:1eJ$~ess~e.:tilt1ngm: · GSIS, including. the me(!'.lbers ~f: the(Afj!~~:f:;:::r.~\.;. ~1s~ll~y;.. · · : · . . · · : (EGG CJr-cular ~o. 06-709~/y21~~~)/~;~,fil~!-~a~.,_e!'!l..p_?rjr: Total D(~ab(li.ty; -': .. · b_. .El~cliye offfcia.ls: who a're receiv.!~}eQ~'1I1r-rc.,:::~~4-~fS-1'1f.e}jD:iJ1ent.T.o.~~I D1~_a_b1h~y;and . _. '. . .' salary; . · . · . . .·· :· -~~, Llj . ~ IJ }P-~~~e-~!partial D.1sab111ty'. ~r.· c.: Thos!:) ·employed as ~a:sual, ~ontt:ag~al·, ·l\l:.V2~ 0 UT:· .. · . .. .· . · . . Emergency,· Temporary., ..or-· ·substitu~~=-=~: ·· · ·., · · · ... .. .,· · · · . ·1nJUry . .. .. ~ . . -~rnpJ.oyees .(C2ETS) (LABOR CODE, Art,. ·I · . , :. · · ·..., · ful . h · · ·.-· · .h h : . · ... , 1-7.~(g);· Amende'q .Rule,~·:··on 'f=rriployees .· r)JUry,:mea_~s any.,.,ar:m. c .~r:ige__ 1n ~ _.e· ~m~n . ·. · Compensation · (2014): RULE ~r. . Section . orgarns_m{rom _any ~~c1d_ent arising out of and 1r:i the . . . . -- . 4(1)); ,_.. :·. .. . · ' ·. · ' · . · · course:~f e01~loyn;_e~HLAt:mRp?DE;, Art. 173(k)).. ·2. ·The:frivate·sector coriiprisinQ aWthe.:employed' .. .-.. ·,'Arising.. out of"·.refers .to th~·origin 0·· ·.O ftli . work.ers who are· cqvered by. the SSS (LABOR. .. · · . . , ,i , · .· . . .. . . . . r ca~se e COD£,.. Art. .17~(g): Am,ended Rules on . '. . ?~c1dent .. Ji:1. t~e .~ourse of, ei:n~toyme~t ·, ri:t~rs to . : E_mploye,e·~Compen~alion (.2014), RULE./, Seq. .mJury . that takes. place .. within.. !h~· peflte: Employment ins:!udes· 'not o~ly. '.'tti~.actual_ .· engaged.1.n a_ny tra~e;· !~du.stry ~.i: busm:~~ doing of the work;' but qlsb a reasonable margin of . · undertaking _in· the ·Ph1hppme:>; oth~n,v1se, ·· time and s·pac~ J')ecessary to be.·_used· ir)'passing. to they &hall not be covered by the ECP ·(? · - · and. fro·m the place .where the:work is to l>e done,. CHAN, .supra at '450-_451). where. ,he latter ls ·.~1
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_:the terms ot' employment (1-AZUCl::NA, supra at Note: ECC Board Resolution No. 3914-A, issued on July S', 198~. extends the compehsable coverage of .i;-529). . . : . ~-. . . .. off-premises.injary.from near-the premi.ses up to the' ~t. . Basic Guidelines on Compensable Work:Related residence oJ the .employee. ·It provic_les th.at an·injury Injury: (WOE- I) . - . · .' . . . . or death of a covered member in an accident while \;,: 1. Employee must havebeen injured at the place he i$ going to, or coming frt>m, ·the workp.iace, s.hall . be compensable. provided the 'following conditions where work requires him to·be (Workplace); . are ·established·definitively: ._. ·· ·. · ~: ·2: · Employee must. · have.. been performing his 1 .. Tha.act of the emp'ioyee of go.ing to; dr coming ~l-, . offi.c.ial functions (Qfficjal functions); from, . fhe workplace, must ' have been a :~,,':· 3.. lf..irijury Is sustained elsewhere, the employee · 4·J?. . · must have been ·executing an order 'for .the continuing ac~, that is,.~e had .not·be.en diverted . ' .. there'froni by any other a~tivit.y, and he had .._not ; '. employer ;{!;xec!Jticin of. order) (Belarmino v. . departed ·from his usua~ ·route· to, or from; .his · ECG, G.R. No. 9.0201, May 1-1, 199.0); and .. . workplace: and. - . :-. . . . . : . . The. injur:y.. was not ': due. :"to the employee's- ... · 2. • When ah employee is on a spe'cial errand, the··. · jntoxtcation, willful [ntentlon to injure or -kill · special errand must have· been officia~ and in +umself JJr another, notorious ne·glige'nce or as connection witt:i"his work.. : . . otherwise provided under , this Title. (LA BO,R CODE,·Art. 178).. . . ,. This eompensability ls.sometlmes called the "Street ~' Note~ Injuries. incurred by_ a ·pubfic~health worker./}.} · \_eril Principle" (.1 AZUCENJ(s'upra at 540).. . · while _doing overtime: work sh.all .be presumed wq~l
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· ~~neral. R~le! Going a-r:id. ·comln~f:-~u)e p) in absence bf 'special circu.mstances:, 1~.~ployee .,"!i;j.J • ,~.. , .t,, . . iAjured·ln. going to .coming from, higlf1a1,eot-'ir&i:k~~:..J~_'IDurii(ig.:11r.iauthorizeddeviation · No i$ ·excluded · frc;im_ -~e beri~fit~_ '('O_rl{f)Ti'eh's ·. . After i:mauthorized deviatron and Yes.· compensallon acts·(l/01fo:Dock &_ Engmefl(!.Q;yo.v. . b.~ck iri.the course of'employmer:it W9C, G.R.·No. L-2634;1, November.. 27, nq8). · · · · . . : . No deyiatior:i; act is.continuous · Ye:s Exceptions: The injury i.s compensapfe,:(W.ISE) .· · ..,.:.,...,..,...,.....--~·---·--,--·-·--=-cc··-----,.,.....---~-~ 1. Whep the lnju·ry.is sustained when the·.employe.e (1 ·J:,ZUCE.N,A; -~Up(a ?l 550). · .. "•. is proceeding to odrom:his work in the premises· · Positional a_rfct'Lo~al Risk~·oodrine • · · . .. · . ; ·of th~ employ~r;· . .. . . .. : If an·employee oy reason of his 'd1.,1ties:js expesed to . 2. !rigre~s:..Egr~ss/Proximity Ru.le ·_ .whe're the a-special or pec.utiar·danger frotri'the.elements, that ~, ··employee is apo1,1t to ent~:r or .apout fo leave the· is; one greater _tha'ri ~hat to' whic~. ottfe~ _persons in, p,remise$ of his employer·'by ·way-of the excfusive· · .. · the· ·community. are · e):(pO!ied, arid ·.-an. un~xpecte9 or c.ustom'ary means c;ir ingress and egre;;s; injyry . ~ occur~, the .'·.injury·. · 'is.' 'compe'nsable :·-' .. 3 .. Special Errand Rule :... Wh.ere the employee is : · AZ1:JCENA, at 5!)2-5,53). . . . )._ charged,'whiie on his way to or from his place o( .. . ~~· . 'employment or. ';!It -~.ii. horhe, .. oi:. duri,ng his Other R.eievant'Docfrjnes -. employment with some duty·or ~peplaf errarid 1 .. Proximate.Cause Doctrine . . . . .cfonnected with -his employment'; or :. . ·. The ·proximate l_eg.€31 cause fs _that" acting first and. 4. . Extra. Premises Rufe/Shuttl~ ··sus Rule - where . producing the . iilju,IY either. im111ectfatefy or·. by . ~. th'e employer,· as_an inc.ident to the .employment, · setting othe'r eveht.s in 'mofio·n.They constitute . provides the mea'ns of trtmspo_rtation'to_aild from a naturai and continuous chain of events, each . . . the place · of employment.- (lloilo . Oock & · having· :a· ·erase· casual. connection · with· its . . -Enginef?ring Co. v. Wee, . G.R. No. L-26341, . immediate. p!'edecessot (1' AZUCENA, supra.·at Nqve:mber.27, 1968)~ ·: · · 529/,. · : ·
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SOCIAL LEGISLATION · ?AN:BEDA I.AW (:ENTRALIZEDBAR OPERATIONS .: MEM,ORYAID 2019
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. Where .primary injury is shown to have arisenin · .. the· course. of employment, every .natural· · . consequence that ·flows. from. tlie·injury likewise · arises out of the employment, unless it ,is the result· of an independent .intervening cause -attriqutable "to claimant's 'own. neglig·e.nce.. or misconduct(Bela,:rnino v. ECG, G.R. No: 90204,. ·May.1-1, .1990). · :
Acts done to further the Goodwill of the . b_usiness (1 AZL!CEN~. supra at 5!13).
Acts of Mfnistration Those done · by. a person for .. the purpose· of satfsfying the call ofnature, such as: quenchmq his thirst, relieving himselrby way of urlrration or · excretion, .etc. They. are deemed incidents. of employment, so that lnjur'ies sustalned' thereby ". are· held compensable (1 AZI/C,ENA, suprs .et · 543-544).. . ·.
General -~u'I~:-: Proximate: cause ·resu.lting to · injury ls an 'injury arising out _of theemoroyment. ·
,Excepilon: ·When·. independent intervel'l!ng .-·.Note: Acts. performed by the .employee within cause ensues.attributable to 'claimant's fault.. .the ti[!I~ and space _limits of. \he .empl'oyfTl~nt· to ., . . ~. .· . rninlster to personal. · comfort; ·. -such as 2. ·. 24-Hour Duty'Doctrine·: ·. ·. · satistactlon ofthirst, ti.unger or' other physical · .. Unde.r fh~ ·, 24--hour duty doctrine; members of . · · · ·. demands .or to .proteci oneself from ·excessive-··. .' tire national' police- by the. nature. of their . . cold or heat, shall 'be deerned.Ipcidental 'to the tunctlonsare technically on duty:24.holl.rs a daJ!=_,,......,....,,,,~ employment . and. infuries, suffered in ihe · .• e~c7pr whe_n-th~}'. _on -~acation. le.ave.::ire~!h11 . i 1. ~l\t~{!:11anceof s_uch. _aqts sh'all .be cons!der-ed arisu:1g from police S!,!rv1ce,. alth_.9~h.~t JI} IL.) COfnP.~11~aple· and, ·arising out of an.d m _the · officlal .. line.: pf· ·auty ·.· is .' c9-tJ1Mn~b]ji;;JJ:.-.--=x:c-~-opur~~...0f.~mployment (~cc; Circular No. 03-
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. Fo~ ~he purppse ~f det~11J)l!:l)D'g,,c1~eirs;bili~yl of inJury or d~ath sold1elS aRt:,l~~~hcer·en.an'd .&ii~ j~ . The\fact {ti~t an 'ym'ployee ·Un_intentlona11y falls even firemen by'the nattff~ of'th~rr wo,r· may be-! . . _asle;p wh11~0/t)$trestingat·a proper time ·and , considered ?'n . duty ro~rtitt-r11c1oc~:1 i.. ~P,Wc' .. does\~ngJ..,._!!.~.~?ss~rily:_de'p~i~e .hirn of_ the-· d9ctr1~e. wh_it~ ,t re1~~~~fffie~~brk0p1a9.e:t~C?'. ;.._ r t;(.,~;.ng~~ to. c~rwf::~n,a~oo for· an. ,~1ury. received doe~ !lot d_1spen:=,e ~w1fh)tw·f.wo_rk~c?~n~ct1~n,..~ .......-:-"':;:, · wh1~ so sl~~pmgr1e;J,ccE:pl~~-en his du~1es _are of .. reqLJ1s1te. (GSTS v. :· <,§J~~gr:~. .>R• .J:!6:~.:.:...~~~;.uretas .. to.:~fquire-tilm_ to remain ,awa!<e, · .128524,-Apr'i/_20,_ 1_999}:\(f)\:-. "~ 7 watc;t,i:nan '.1 A7:7-'£?E:NA, . I
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·. r.:,~onligMing,.·or· rei"nderinb:_~E;irvi&es. t .;! . . ; ··. .· .. · · part1es r~sultif'!Q_ in· iryjufy\f:>r _d~a,th'Whe~~(~t~e'~~~Vnch ,!'. ·.. j · · . .. . · ··~ . · · · . . ..: . s~me 'is nQtwork~con~ftcted~~r;i'ot t~ReiJ~J;l~~Cq~nsa~ble '#hE':n injµry c:iccurred during·IUn(?h ... · . (G.S/$. v. CJ,\ & _Alegre, G.R: ~ 1-2!J,?J..4~?!~-~->~et[oo~:~~tier:~e .. :~~~ng ?f the· lunch o~ _.20, 1999).: I,,' ' . . . ~ enupJ,_p es; .premis.es Was With ,,the em~!oye_rs, . : . · .. . . · . · .· • .. -~<~' .· . -~ A. -t'kbo~g·e.~-~d CQ~Sel').t, · ~xpr-_e~s.' u'r .-implied,· N.ote: Tbe 2+hour duty d9-ctnne s))ou.la'>f,1.Q!..._~ lV...i.r-,.."".~e"ept ~tien 1t results from·~n ~nde_pendent act . swe·eping~y applied . to ail' . · aets ancJ?"' . the -er:nployee h~V(l'\g no CQfihection With his · , .. circutrlstari.ces causing the.. _qe~th pqlice.. ·, 0ork or' m,earl or if.t~'e,employee at-Ule. time was , · .offi.c~r but O.fllY to tnose which,. althoughi not' o.fr· . i'ri a piace .wh~re .he had. rii:night .to,be. (Id.),. official: ljne 'of·.duty, :'are·nonetheless' basically· , •' , police ,s~rv.ic~··ih .charact.er. {J:"an9inco. 'v.' GS/S; : .. ·. Union Me~t111g · · ..... G.R, No-:.1n91{?;November ~6, 2001).· .·· .. · · fojury rec::e)ve(:f :at un'ton::.me'etfng .is· n.ot compensable, not being· an !nJur.y arising. out'of '3.,. Incidents of.Employment Doctr:ine .. .'·· , a·nd in the course·ot.em'pl9ymeht'('/AZ.UCENA,: supra at-5~6)._ .· · ·. .. · . .,. .. Injuries_ sµstain.tid.in.· connectfoi:) wt°th aqti; wl')ich "are reasoi:iably incicjental to ttie employment are . Acts'°for the. B'erieflt ·oi the Em.ployer . : . . . deemed. ari~i.ng 9.Ut.of SU_CIJ. employmenJ;· ttiu~ . : .· • compem;a~1e·. Such.. im:idents· of:..work. include: ' lnjury-.arising. out: of anc( in the~·course of his (PD-B~G)' · . . . ... ·, .... : . , . ._em()foyment. . is.~ C~m·p_E'.ln~able . bec.a\Jse. the . Acts: of .fersonal ministrali.on for.the! comf_ort .. ernployee's. :act ·el'.lha,nqes the prestige 'of. the · .. or·conv,eniel"leeoflt,e employe~:·. . .... . -em_ploy,e'rand resuits· !n incre~sed 'patronage of· . ,b: S!ight];le,vi.ationfwm .work, tr.om curiosity or.. , th·e service·ot his employer (1 AZUCENA; supra,. otherwise; . . . . .. . . . . . . . .at_54_7f .· ·· · · ·. · .. ' · ·· · :c .. · Acti,_for-the. .!;!enefi~_of.th~. !3mpl9yer, · d .. Acts.In §merg_enqiei,; and .. · .. 0
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D'oing Work at.Home rt is compensable when injury is· sustained from · work at home done pursuant to the terms of' the contract, express or implied; or pursuant to the direction cir. request . of the employer, except; when . work at home is done voluntarily by. the employee for his own convenience (td.), .
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When an employee's. trip tends· to serve .b?th buslness and. 'personal purposes," ' it. is considereda 'persons! trip if the employee would have- made· such a trip in spite of the failure or absence .of the' business or offiCic!I purpose; and . if the employee would not have made the hip ' . because· of the failure of the' private' purpose · · .. . : thereof, and the non-fulfillment 'of the. business ·Acts during En:re'rgency. ·.. . . purpose. ...- · . Injury sustained while.doing an act outside ttie However, if the employee.would have made the . SGOpe of his usual duties where such. act was . tfiP. nonetheless despite- the failure 'or absence . reasonably necessary or·incidentai to his regular .: of the private .purpose thereof, the trip is held a. work, partlcularly it an emergency existed. And . · ·busin'es,strip;'erid · . ·· -,: · . . . a·lthoughno ··emergency.or reasonable necessity 3. Wliether a trip to pe'taken 1bY.an employee in the existed callin'i:J for the performance of such act, . ·.. 'interest of both the employee and his or her workman is-allowed compensation if.it was done employer is to be regarded as the latter's, so as in the furtherance-of the ernptoyer's.businessor to' warrant allowance .or . compensation for . pursuant tohabit or custom (1 AZUCENA, supra · injuries the employee may suffer· in the course at 547-"548). . .... ' . . . .. . . there9f,.od'1e' employee's interest, is in a sense ?· · /')' . a question - of fact. Such a questlon must be ':".r 4> Spaciaf Engagement Rule .. · determined by the application o( some. legal i.·,;_. . 'special Enqaqernent Rule covers . field· t,nP,S,i'/t·,o:,\ tests or.standards '(1-AZUCENi,'supra at 550outings, lntramurals and. plcnlcs when initi~\fi~ .. : \t;,\ . 551). · · · and sanctioned Q.y the employer · (The ES.Pp, { ,_. rz:»; . _...., . '. . Joumei, Vol. II, Nos._ 1 and 2 (1990), p. ~§J{.7. c.:.:::.'f;-;:f,IU::&9ll~!:!/r~(~Jeure _ _ .. Gene'ral;R.ule: .Employer is· riot responsible for_· Where __ an· employee is · injur.(g,,.·rwhile af.l:-:Ji. accidenij~rising· from.ecte of God, hence not recreation.durin~ .a temporary ces}.a,JJo~.of:~o,~~,,-,..,···1,\, comp~~s-al>~f (1 AZ4;JCENA,siipre ";:it 5q2). · 1hEl injuwis compensa.ble. as:,~,r.is}ng}lwt.:of an.d ·. I;! . .' · f . in , th~_: co~rse ._' of. ~~p~~Jfllent ~~~? th~\: .t:\ Exc_w.titjp: . \: . .. recreation_ ·inqul_ged · m{/~'f.l}S !~t~,red".an?'•, l":'5. · . Po~on~.'--~~~~ca.1nsk~ do_ctrme . .. . ei::icourage~. f?Y ttJe emPJAyerc--:to~(]l)eno:.:;:9f: ·t-;,1_ . ~t~~n]fr.i!i1.·m·~fi~i.'courseof. his· e~ployment .~ efficiency.of their service·(1'~U9f!tf1'.·,-~upt:li'i!J- - [-;~_J reas~~a!Jl~.:r.~'qi'.iiredto.be· at a particular P.lace at . , 551-552)' : _ .'<:.~!'Y''°:,\. · 'j/ ;.;/. . ·a particular t1~e'::!n<;I ther~ meets _an·accident, . - -. ,~ r:, •· .J~,w,....711althou.gh one)Nh1~h.any.other_pe~son then and· 5. o'ual . Purpose·· and Mingling of
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Th·e employee was ·. p.tth~. assigned/designated workplace; or b. · The .. employee was ~xecuting. orders· of ~mployer, regardless of the time ahd place bf the-incident (l=CC G/fculaf No. -03--709, 11 (P), July 22, 2009): .
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No Compen~ati:on if · the Injury, Death, or Di~ability ls the Result of the Employee's: . (WINO) . 1. · Willful in~ention to . injure or kill : hlrns~tf- or._ - another; ·· 2. Intoxication; . 3. t:l_otorious negligence;: cir . 4·. . Qlherwise· provided by the Labor Code ((ABOR ..CODE, Art: 178):: •
. M,otive Of assauli is important in C?Ses where the· covered employee was on vac.atlon leave, 'pff-. duty, or was at . home when . the· .. incident . · l"ntoxjcation · happened. Qisclosure. of the .motiye 1s "an aid. in The "intoxication" w_l:lich· will preclude compensation determining t_he causal c61i'neclion between tbe for-injury res.ulting ·t(:lerefrom ·consists in be;'ng under incident·and. the employmerit ·(~CC CircularNo .. the: influ·ence ~f into_xicating liquor to the _extent-that 03-709,· 11. (c).,.July22, 2009).·. ·; · · .·: · · . . . ~ . ... . . . ··.. . . : . one is· n·9t_ entireJy himself or sb _that hi.s ju_d_g_ment is·. . impaired, ·B;nd his c!ICts, words, ~r conduct is visibly Rules on· Injury· or .:Death hf the -Cotirse o°f · Assault: . ·· · . . . .· · . · · impa_ired. _(1 AZUCENA;supra at 587). · : a. When . the. _injured:. was the· .. urilawfu·I · . ·· aggressor,:·- not: compensable (Ma,buhay __ : ~ lntoxlcatlon · which _:does not incapacitate the· · ShippinrJ Services, Inc. v. NLRC; $.fi,f"'N6.-:-;'ff'r'!pJSfi.:~e · from followinq '.his occupatlon · is· not 9,4167, Jan~ary 21, 1991);_ anc&:?"':.·~ . · 1·1f.Fc1~11t~,!~feat. the_ recovery of -compensation, . 9, When· the ·injured was .tt,~;::v,J,~fift\·p~th~---=.:Jli\~ghJtli~-\t[1to.x1cat1onmay be a contrlbutory · assault and it occurr.7d-.J~!~et~is~f ·. · ~u~" oJ,~~-;~j~ry (GSIS v. Mec_ey,e;-G.R. · No.. perf~rmance of -~fffcrajt g _}..tin9~s.,..-~J'h""';d.~18~,~~l~.:1.~~07)._. · . . · ·· compensable ·(Lente;a jv,.~e<,f G'fR. N~~ nr; .. , °:"i\ '\"'""' ..?"'\ 't!I . . -, · · , 89168, May 14, )99.1J ,-,~,,/}!: ·Jr .:t~~d1ti,f1S'~'?;_t~r\ lntoxicatlon ~- _-t~ .. Bar JI. . :-l.-ompe'l:satio~fJPl'1~) . . ,. . . 7. · Violati~n-?f. the E1"1plgfe"'"JJ:.~U_lg_afed»Rule~. ~,.,•.t....;tbei~ry,u~t\p7-t!~rowof actual Intoxication; . Act~ ~1th!n the :~Ph~ref'l·p--hUmployrrent~.~t....,,. ,.-~P1~-1ntox,c~tif,lA""m*stbe _[extrer.neJ _10 s.u,ch a carried ou_t · tn· _.YIOl;:ltl{n oJ,,f~Orne, ,erplo~~_,~ ~ ~de.grfe ~at fll ~1.oyee~IS [ncapacltated ~r.<:Jm . promµlgat~<;i rules· are q?fr.l~,i;i~ablr'wil: f·. ·:-. su~sft~allyfj ·'eng_~~ing m employment and a. The violatiqn of -the'-ruJe1,ts~lf aid- . o(btiJ1~ c:-P·e 9: ,}n_g . about the cause hf -~~'~iaJc~, en~roP-1ee rri.tox1_c,1on"~.ulstbe the,-Ero~tmate cause of .. · the fact that the- dnv\r· of .a ',t(ucl<\~~.,Jst.i. ~~ ~Jury .5J( d~~tn/and ·. . ·· .. _ · family· al~ng an. offici~~riP;, i,':, iolatl{{(l mto};tc_a~o~·lust·not only be the prqx1rnate sta~dlng company reg.ul1;1,t1on, d~._ot... e~s:1~-....::--~~ _u~e ~r th~ lnJ,WY but the er:nploymE\nt must n_ot_ .· .. c.ompensatlon; . · .. '\.._. /~-:;.- ~-:-l£N"~b .-:~'.1'~g~tnbuMgcause (1 POQUIZ! supr._a ·at _b ... There_ w~s. ~~~bt _th~t .th,e.e~lqy~Ef~:lit0~-::"':~~\,;:)()/_.. . . . · .. · ·. . ·. . of the proh1b1t1on. ~1olatron th~F.ebf ~J"hot. 1$te'd')n]4rles and Suicide~· · · . . .. d::3te.~t c~r:n1?ensat1on'.. ·._espe~,;if~..::_"the: .. V.ll:L'.f.b.~jt.jfy ~Ost be intentior:ially ~elf-inflict,ed, w~ich . viol~t,?n d!~ not _cause_l~~ a?c1dent; .arnf"~ontemplate~a delibera_te · intent on· th~ paft of the c. The .violat,o_n "."'as..not.1nt_ent.1?n~)-but due to ·. · employee, not a failu're oh his part
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Wh~n the employee was no longer in complete ··~·. · . control of his rnentat faculties prior to his death if•: . (/n(e;orien_t Maritim_e Enterprises v. Pineda, G.R.
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. The deg~ee. of proof [Ei'quired is merely substantial -evidenca, which· means "such relevant evidence as . 'a reasonable· mind might accept' .as· adequate to support a,.conclusion .. It is· sufficient .that the hypothesis on which the workmen's claim is based is probable since probability, not' certainty. is lhe. . touchstone (Castor-Garupa· . v.: ECG, ·. G.R. · No. 158268; April 12; 2006) .. ·. . .
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· 1~.:-.Not9.riQus Negljgenc;e is.:a dellberate act 'of the ; .empioye~· to" disregard his own personal safety (1 :· AZUCENA,.-supra at.589). · .. .
./. General· .. Rule;. Not6rious'· negl_ige~ce resultin'g in ·~: 'serious ·ir,ju~y or death. of. the , employee is not .: : compensable · ($.olidum v. .GS/S; ECO: Case No. · ·
. C~nc1itio11~· for Comi:>ens'abilify.of Occupational plsease and . ·Resultlr,g Disa~ility. or. Death: (REEP) -, · · .·· } ·. ·'406{ November_23; ·19[}8) .. · · · · , -. 1: ·Employe·e'.s work and/or.the.wo.rking conditions , must inv?lve · the·. B)skls_ that .-paused the \'i · Exceptions; · • development of the 1lfne.ss; . . · eit;:. · .) . Latk of imo.wJedge or awareness. of .the peril or 2. The disease w·as contracted as a result of the tfie seriousness or the exisflriq danger; dt employee's .!;xpos.ui'e'to thedescribed risks: ·. 2, . 'The unexpectedness, under. tJie circumstances, 3. The diseasewas contracted withl°n-th~ period. of "~-: · · of t~e accident'(1 AZUCENA, supreet 589-590). gxposure ~nd under such factors necessary-to ..; : • • • • : -,c ••• • t ·1 lt; d '. _., ·. . . .· , . ,/"'-,- . ron rac ! ; ah . . . '. · .. . . SICKN~~S AND OCC_UPATIONAL_DISEASE /;:;:--;_( 4. There was no ~e.hberat~ act onthe part of the : . ·.. . . . · . . . . .. · · ( , -{ / · · "-. . · . employee to. disregard the safety mea~ures or Sl<;kness i$_ ~ny illhess d1;3fin_itely accep,ted as: \'.f:'0 '· ' .\_,'.'\ . ignore -~st<;iblished · waming ·.. or '_precaution 1 .. Qccu_p_ati.on~Idisease listed by.the .' . ;, (<.'.:d~;.~,--.:.(Amen<J.f;d Rules orrEmployees' 9orilpens.ation_ .. · Co~_m1ss19r-1;·_or ·. . .- . : : . . ..(;/.(;: _ _.,-j;,:~:".:t1•:i?(?O.J:/!lt'ffqnex A, p. -27). · . · ·. · · .. 2.· Cau,sed ~Y employment, ~ubJect to pr6cif'that'-.J --·~•!.!......,;t::t "" · ·' . . . .· · ,. _ : the n:51< of conyac;;ti_ng:the..same i~-:J(e~eased·by\ __ 1 . · E_xampl_es W~!«~cr~ased Risk" Jops: .(_PG-CLIP)· .. ~:. . · ·work!ng cond1t1ons (LABOR COfi!J;,f71rt: 17~-J':..J\S 1. eeacei~~ef?i~gJobs:: · .. : · .. ·. · . . · ,:,_ '. 'par. (/)). . · . ·· . . . . ...,,tf~c1.::=:;,' ?_ [;l? .. 2.. .)ob ?f)§~1ar~tngp~OpQity;_ . . . .'. . ·,· ·~. . ·1 ·· fi\ 3_. Job· ·fvol1ving,~atTylngOf· .1110iley and valuabf<::i's; . ...,_. .· ·unctei-:., ~ec. 1 (~). ~ule._-111, ii].il'l:!l~~en.tifo~.P.D. N&~·- ),::\ 4. J~~px_po~ing~e employee to.direct contact v.,.ot~ }"- · 62_6, ai;.am.~n~ed, for the deat_hl~t9o.e.~1::~iP.~~s~J~-- ~;;~ : ~~~~~~~':;J~~-~fl\.l;i(1.e. b~rte.nder,. bµs .or- tax, -/. · clatmc'!n.ts must prove·that: . -..i. . {("..:..-:<;"t· ~t·}· fF-; · dnv-E~!,r~9Hqy,$J.or)(BaJf!ngas, -r:ransportation Co,· ,: ... 1. ·H_i~ sick~ess was)he"result~ffr.11;9ccft~atlon,rl · v. Ve/a Oi:FRiv~ra, G.R_, ~o·: L- 7_65?, N!ay__8, ·. h · d1~ease ·Hst_ed \mde_r· ~nex. A~§f·th~ Ryles 'of :· t,;._ : 1gsf?); . . . · : .- . ·.. , .: ·. :~! ~roployees Comperisatiqn,:or . · ("c._,_~~. . · ,t:,!i·,.,~ l:),,~·~,J99 _exposm~ the employee ~o !llr:iess; and . . . (. · ·.2. · The · risk: · of · co_htracting ·'the tdi.sease· ..:W<}~~,.,,,•9 ~-~~~~!l1_\1'.9l:ving frolo~ged .sittlng:down -a11d putting ·': .· . . ···i1:1cr~as~d .by his,wor.king. conditio1~·~ (Bar.qo.l v. _off _urination (B_arrios,.v: EC:.C, G.R,:f\Jo,· 148089, E~C; G._'~:.No. _148089,-M~rch _2_4.~~~tj. ·. Ma~ch ?4, _200_6). · . _ .
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·occu'J)aFo~~I D'is'eas~is on·e which,res~·ltst'roh'i the· .:natl;Jr~. o~ , the. :employrnet;it· _1;3y. n-at_1.:1r.e.· is 1rieant conditions. 'to. wflich _c;11f' employees of.' a·· ciass are· · . subJe'ct, ~nd which.pr.odu.ce· ttie disease· as a 'natur.al . ir:iclden'tofa partict1iar:occup·~tiori:(1 PO QUIZ, supra:·
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Test qf Cbrripensa!)il.ity, · . · : .< ·. · , .. . What the law·requi~e~)s reasonabje\vC?i'.kcorinecti<;>n . and not a dfrect causat' relat.ion.: l.t is -suffident that . the hYPottfosls on·· whic:h .ttie. workmen's ·claim, is: . based. is probable "since .probabliify, riot certajnti, is the' touchstone (Castot-G'anip!:Jv. ECG, G.R.- No: 158268, · April 12, 2006)_. ... .
. Theory bf Increased.Risks".·. . . .If. the ··ailmen( ·-is ·not . induded in'• 'the 'list 'of f . occup~tional diseases, the 9laiinanJ has. the. 01,irden} · ot proving that the.11ature. of the!' werk 'increas'ed the risk of.c1;mfractiqg·tf'le_disease'(GS[$v.. CA. .G.Ft No. 1 ~{208;:Ja.nuary '28,.200l3). . · .. /.:. .,, ·. . . . .: . .
i . For: ·i~cr:e;:ised"risk f~eory ·to -~PPIY. in ,.CO'!'Pei.)s~tion, ·\ · .ca~es;· ·there must be· a· reasonable· proof. that tbe ;~ . : empfoyee.'s. worf
· · ;
. :_..
·
'
. Ther~ must'be a proof of causal cori'nectio'n'betwe~n. the disease and his work. The· claim'ant "Cannot , me'.eiy: rely_ on. p're_s1:1ry,ptio:n of-.c·auiality in favor bf · cqmpers~bility of an lll(less without' estabiishing Qr. even mentioning the risks that cot.Jld.have·caused or at lea'st. contributed to - the disease·. contracted (Talo'sig·v. United PH l;.ines,, Inc., $.R: No. 198388. July 28, 2014): · ·. · '.' · · · · Note': Where the cause, of the d.isease is unk(lown, the .:theory of increased .risk becomes applicable (PfJnotes- v>ECC, G:R. No, L-64802, September ~3;
1985).
2919 SAN-~E(?AlAW
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CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS ·, 269
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SQC·IAL ,:L.EGISLA Tl.ON SA'r~. BEDA IAW BAR OPERATIONS . CENTRALIZED . . .
su·mmary of.Ernployees"
1.
Compensation
Benefits
.Vlff); : ·
b.
··
.
. ·: .
Rehabilitation services. (Amended Rules. on ~mpfqyees' Compensation.(2014), 'Rule IX, · as ariu~nded:byECC. Board Resolution No. 14-07-19, series· of 2014; February 19,
· 2014); · .
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1
MEMORY . AW 2019
Extent of Services.
Services · . , a. Medical services (e.g .• ward:services) .. · · Note:· ·The medical services are' limited to . Ward services of ail accredited hospital and accredited physician {Amended Rules on · Employees' Compensation (2014), Rule
·:I·,
·
The.employee is entitled only to ward services o(a.n . accredited hospital and accredited physician. If an .. · employee chooses an accomrnodatiorr better than ward: services. the eXC9S.S Of the total amount Of expenses incurred over-, the benefits, ·shal(be borne by the employee (Amended Rules on· Employees' Compensation (2014); Rule.,Vf/1,.:Sec.3). . ·· . · ·, · · · · ·· ... Note: ·-'.Ward" · '1means a hospital that · can . .accornmodate 6 or more patients (Ainerided Rule« on' Bnployees,. Compensetion (20.14); RuU/.illll,
Sec.
3/ ·
'.
c. · Physical tehab.ilitatiqn ·. (e.g., physical · ,. · · · therapy) (ECC B,qard Reso1u(ionNo. ··14.-07, The System nas the authority to choose or order a February 19, 201.4);' · · : · · . chanqe of. physician, hospital .or. reh~biliti1tion f<'.)cility · d. · Vocational . assessrnent/traintnq . (e·.g.. . "for the employee and shall. ricit be liable· for . . Vocational education) (Id.) and · compensation for any ag·gravation9f the employee's · · e .. Vocational placement'(~.g:, job plac¢m~,,_.,J!]~ or· -sickness ' resulting ·from· .unci~thorize!;i . · · . . (Id.). · . .,,/-' · if. ;· ·.ihap1Je~y the employee pf-'· medical services, 2. · Cash lncom.e. Benefi~s (Lossfi·· ~time \_ )l:j~~l_i~f'CE:?~is~~pli~s. hospitals •. · .. rehabilitatlon . Benefit} due to: . ~·/"" ~.1'.....="',.;.-,,:a:;f~1li1iesor pliy~1c1ans (LAB QR C,ODE; .~'!· 1.92). a: Temporary To~I D(sab(li\lt' . ~~~. ·_ .' : '::-~ .. ~')> ·.. . · . · · . · . " . b. · . Permanent Total D1sab~J ; .,....,,-,..:~~_,....._DISJM31clt(~~Y' · , -~ ' . ' -, c.· . Permanent Partial DisJii?l[JY-1,.apclf:;,r .'r!'J} · 'lf': ~t!t.'1~_a"!tflo~i:9i;}lr;ij1\1!m:ient of aphysicalor mental d. : Death. . , J.l V.·f . .ff . 1r.' %J~ ..fl~mcti9n\resu~!'19 f!Olif.l mj1Jry ·or ~lckn~ss (LAEJOR ... 3, .Carer~s allow~nce"- ·pr~vided ~ an ~mploye.e CODE, 1rf. .J78.(@f) \ :. · · who .suffer~ from a· wor~-b2Pl1icted pi'rf,:icJneii'l'..•. 1 . P.~rtfai'and pe~man~nttcj,tat:di~'t_?jf{(!~is:~bii.ty compe'ns41ti~m,'i~ _ is.!°lo.t the.inj_ury which . :: aUl;lnd to their n~eds ("F,£f;i,llffe;>Drcl. R.,.solulkJf~ef.m.iL1iwt~rr:Pn.saJe~.tb1:1t:r.al1e.r·1t 1s th~ mi;:ap~city to w~rk_ . 90,·12-0JJ90 ,n re1,i~15.f.,....,t~:EtOJJ.fjp, 1!4~
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SAN BWA LAW CENTRALIZEQ BAR OPE~Tl"!NS
EBIM
of
continuous
temporary' . total.
.
disability ·
.. ·
MEMO~Y.Aip,.2019. ·.'
7
,.
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.
\
assessment, a thira do~tor ~ay be agreed jointly between the employer. and the Seafarer. !he· third 'doctor'sdectston shall· be 'final and. biridin~ on both parties (North See · Marine Sentices
(AmendeJ:IRules on, Employees.' Compensation (i014), Rule X, Sec. 2, (a)) .. ·
Corp., v.·Enriquez, e.s: N. 201806, August 14, 2017).' · '. ' .
Effect .of Relapse After. an employee· has.fully recovered from an. · illness as' 9u'ly · certified to 'by ttie··· attending · physician, the-period covered by any relapse he suffers, or recurrence of his illrtess, .whfch 'results in. . disability . and is determined . to be' compensable, ·sh.all be considered independent of, and separate from, the period covered by the· . oriqinal disability in. the computation.. of 'his . · income benefit· 'for - temporary total ~fsabili.ty
'NQte: If the .. 120 days initial period is.exceeded.· and no' declaration of' the worker's ·fitness or permanent dlsabllity to -work. is rnede because. : the seafarer requires further rnedical attention, · then the temporary totaldisabillty p.eriod may be· , extended'upto.a maximum of·?40 da-ys;·.suqject ·· to the right of tha.employerto declare within this period .that' -psrmanent partial or total disapility . I already exlsts ('TUfaPingv, MST Marine Services'
a
(E;CC ResolutionNo. 1029.;·August jQ, '1978) ... · . . . .
> ~ ·When Temporary Totaf DJsablflty Becomes · .Phils., t}R;·:No. 202113, June 6, 2cJ.18). · · Permanent' Total-Disabllity· .· · An employee's ·disabil(ty becomes permanent . . Amount of Benefits·: · .l and total when: . -· . . . .. . . . . . lncome.benefit equivalent to 90% of his average a. Declared·.' by· the . company-de~ignaj~efi%\. .. . .~aily-salary·credit subjecttothe following: · · physician (within the 120 : or .. a: . Benefit shall not be- less than _p19 or more trea~rrient period);·or- · .. ·· · .. {f'..>:'·;·~·: -thari P??~;·.hor·pa!~ longer th.an _120 devs, · . b, In case of:absence .ot S':]Ch ,a ·declaraJJ.q~~-- ~ ."··.:~~-----un~ess .lJ1JUry. ~r sickness requires more . . eithe.r of fitness or permanent total 9isab11lt~.l'} tf}h1~1;?.XlE:J'tsive treatment that lasts beyond 140 . upon· the lapse- of the. ·120: 9r.~2;{6-day""· [· --...:_days·'.~or·exc.eeding 240 day.s from the onset . : tr~atm~n~ pe~iod, ".°"h.ile. ·th,e:ye"!;Pl<>yeei~·t . of di~~tility, in Which c_ase h~ sh~!' be.p~id d1sabihty_ -i;;on!1nues -and he_),1~1 bepe~~t /or te!:Tlporary tot:31 d1sab1hty dunng engage .m· ga1pf~l .ernployn:ier:i~d).{.f~~1-sucll !.'. efaer},
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·'When a Thir~ ·o6ct~r May'.Agre~ ·. · · Seotion '20(B) ·of the· POEA,SEC ·provides, that · the ·sEfafar:er is: 'entitled.· to ·sickr19ss: .~ilow.ince until he is declareq fit to w.ork. or:' the degree:of · permanent 'disability.has been assessed by the company-designated physician !)ut .ih .no case · ',shall, this period 'exceeo 120· days. If a doc.tor ·appointed by. the se~farer disagrees with: tl:l~
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'
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.
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following disabilities shall. b~ de.emed -'total:ancl .per.manerit::(TEL~PIN!). '., ' . .· . . a. Iemporary· , . total · : disab,ility ·•· lasting · continuously for.more:tlian"120.days, ·except . as otherwlse provided for in tlie Rules; ·. b. Complete loss of sight' of bot~ gye.s; . c-. loss .'of two Limbs at or above the. ankle or .
wrist;
-·
·
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LAW CENTRA\JZED BAR OPERATIONS I
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. SAN'BEDA LAW CENTRALIZEDBAR OPERATIONS._MEMORYAIO 2019· IIZ&ifM eet %;.sutWNfiilMiffi
iii
.
.
As disti'nguished from Permanent tofal
TM . test ·of whether an:· employee .. suffers from ·
.
Period of Entitlement· . the monthtylncome benefit -shait be guaranteed for: 5 -years, .. and shall be suspended if' the . · employee is· g.ainfully. employed, or ·recovers. · from · his permanent total· dlsablllty,· or. fails to · present himself for .exarnination atleast once a. . year .upon .notlce 6y the System, .. except as , otherwise provlded for in other:·.laws,aecrees or · . LettersJ:>flnstructlons (LABOR (;QDE; Art. 198 . (b}). . . ' . . . .
.
· ..
.
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. .
. . .
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Note: Benefits tfue an employee due to work·r~lated sickness 'shall· be· provided until he . becomes gainfully employed,: or until his re;::o\iery•. or' death (Manioso v. GSIS, G.R '!o. 148323, April 29,.2005}:
d. Permanent complete f~ralysis of two limbs; e. · Brain injury resulting in Incurable imbecility or Insanity; and · · Such :cases ·as determ,ined by the Medical . f. Director ·of the System and a'pproved by·-the. Commission (LABOR CODE, Art. 198, par. .. (c)).'
aen&+-ciwwsa
AC
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is ·
"permaneni · total disability" a .. showing of tt1e ·capacity of the e'rl)ployee to conunue performing his · work notwithslanding the disability' he incurred . . (Vicente v. EGG, G.R. . No. · $5024; . Jan1.1a1J1 23, 199J). . ,' . . . ,• .
·
E~tning. ·capacity May· Still Be Impaired Even if . ,Earri\rig.,is Higher:After the lr:ijury:" . . employee .who.recelves highe(. wages ~fter the. · · injury than what he,. earns _l?efore rnay .st1!1 have. · suffered an impairment of.earnlnq capacity (General -=-~~:_arera.bgri.Pedro v, O.e-L'ebii; G:.R. No. L-1~036'..·
An·
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.. N_Qt~:: ~n. employe.e !S e~titled to·perm~.~~,nt-1ot~I
-f)ecen:!._Q,fJr.28, 19.~7). ·
·
'
·
.
·
.
~1s~b1l1\ybenems_1fth~·f1t-t~::wor,1<~9,e!ft~c_a~~n1s b i' ~,~~ . . .. · .. · · .. · . . . . .· · issued more than :.120 ~ay~ fro~r!'us(repptJJ~~..99,.""-= ...=-~jg!~S J~;-·'tJ'?,Jth an.d. d1sab1h!y· benefits are , . (Valenzona · v.. Felr Shipping pgrno"ttiJl';}l);:f'G.R. · ·. . . gover,qfcl.b¥,-,P\e\~ontract. of'employ~ent-as long No., 176884, -Ociober .19, _tq,~aw, m~ral~. public order, or · · ·· .., ,f.l,~h ·"' J. · .· i0 f ~,ubhc-~011~.~j \\ . ·.. . . suspenston of Income 'enefitsl / 1.r .. .J~ .: .1~e em, (oyme~t of ~~afarers, including claims for Monthly incom"E: b~nefjr can 1Pe.: s4spended · ~ death a:~ ~di~lii.!!jy°}l:l'enefits, is· qoverned by the under: ~ny of the followl ·. ~qJfions: (fM~~.t . . . - c2~f!:a~ they .'~r~g"?-~~~ry_. ti~e · th~y ar.e-·.h)r~d or· a.· Failure of the_empl . qJ presel'\t hims..~fn. .;_"fefiired,pna as ~ong ~s~the stipulations therein are for l;xaminatioti' at jeast
2ilv-~t~<~-.,,,...:~~S"°-;W~c'Q~tr_ary
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272 I· 2019 SAN BEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS
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' SJ..N'BEDALAW CEN'rRAUZED BAR OPERATIONS- MEMORY AI0.2019 Iii-·an• . IZil!Mlmlb:IIIIMIIIB#IDMCZi:1izrim11m-ea&mani:miltl A#iilll'i BCMC!ISl . ~EE-IIEl2:4411&Pi!E!'o!:l49.4PmilmlillMll!IU ~:!'!r.llli:':"'
Note:· These liabil.ltles· of the employer are 'separate. · and distinct-from one another (Javi.erv.PH tnc., G.R; ·.
Classlficatlc;ms of Dependency: (PTAL) 1. As.to the amount; · · · r~ ; .· No. 204101, July 2; 2014):. a, fartial dependency partial dependent is a person who .has some means or income of his own' arid who receives- tess than all of· . his. .support from the employee .. If the· contributions from the employee enable him · Loss of. work or inabiiity L9ss of ·t11e use bf. a11y to in accordance-with his .station in life, · anatomical . to 'perform _usual work. · partic·u1ar . _11,'ithout . whlch he .. could ,, not .live in . part of hi_s body. · accordance. therewith, such person is a 'partial dependent. · ·. . (LABOR CODE, Art. 198·& Art. 199). · .b .. Iotal dependency r: a total dependent is . . .. .. .· . one. who has no means of support and entirely depends .for· support upon the 'contribution from the employee or one who . '. t:;ossof Work°.or inability perform. P!3rmarient ... may hays· an Income from other sources.but usual wor.k . .. , . -. · . : Total· Pa'rtial .the amount of which: is too small and . insiqriitlcant a_s wouldenable hi~ to support· Loss··· of the . use _'of:_ any Permanent · himself wlthout the major support from the particular -anatornlcal part of Partial . -· /"' . employee: ·. . -: . ·his.bo(ily ,·._ 'Dis~bi.li_ty . 2.·. 'As.tostatus:'. _ . _ . 1-------r-------"'"·--.--'"-_~-·. ..,<~: ...\v~t:'Jt\ a. :_1ega1-- ~epen,dency - 1eg_a1_ dependency . Loss of Vl(Ork or Nor: ·exce.ecii,ng Temporary { ({,, ·i,: .. '}) . . proceeds ?om 1h~: mandate or .oP.eration of · in_al;>ility--· .. ·., ·to '!20day_s_ · Total .. V C.,-:::',..;.t:.:-,.c--.,. ,. tht}-;/~w. lrrespectlve otfhe-tabllity of the · · perform .work .:-- .. . · ---.::~- .1··ri·.;J·~~~1;:t.: ~}l!~9-~~)~dent t~ supporthimself, lt:li~ type of ··(total) . Exceeding . 120 PerJJ.!atieht . 1;.;< /. ~.idepi;_n._dency, having· been established hy . . 'days T~~f....- · ~i--:-+J · ·op~fttwn of law, is conclusive.· .. .. . . . , ..\, /{_' _ . )f-""..jl . b. _.8\~u~I*1epend_ency - under. this type (LABOR CODE, Aris_. ·797-199) .. ,,. . .-/. kn_c=7 r:~ · . . . -. d,rP:D1d_fi[l~c~;the reasonable ,expecta_tionof ·. . · - : ·· · . ... . . >$,_,,., )("-~ . ~ IJ!. ., _. . · Qonttgu1fr support appears to be the . QE_ATH 'BENEFITS· • .' C.;">:t. ·_ · "' ,_jjene,tal ,d i~ortanf criterion: to· c~;>nsiaer.. . ~e~th_ i$_ the lqss, of Hfe .ret~ltin.g-:::rrcwi··1iJ1jUry..3~'I ~<:i\.~f~W,'itf.JThnd~nt,_-therefore:.is one ':"ho. s1cknes_s·(LABOR CODS, Aff: 1~JJ!clff:!{dtf).1. -c,,--.,,.·i .-1: - t0.af~:ito-:t_heemplo.ye~. for. Sl,!PPOfl, partially_ . . .. · ·'. . -: .. }\~-'"'\r\·· . ri/ . . orwholly~(t Ct-'~N, sup_ra at.4(!8-469).· . Th_e syst~m_.__shall pay to the pnmar.yr..~en~tlpianE;is · t~·-·-:-rr-.,:.:\ . _· . ·• . , · · .. · . ' ·. . . . . · ·. . · upop the d~ath_ of t_he c,o:v~r~d employE;)p-,stn°·am~1;1nL,)f:i'l.1~~l'.~~en?,?Js:.(ASP.); ;- · . , . .. · .equivalent 'to. h1s·mcmthly inco~e-ben~~f,_plu_~jl~%J·-:~·11.-:-l!!e§1tlfl'late, .le:g,ttmated,. legally--:_~d~ptea .. ?r thereof e~?h dependent child, but•Ait"~~S~~dmg . ackno~ledg_ed.natural_child ':';'ho is unmc:1.rnea, . fiv~•. ,.Qe~;!'nning . w1tb_ ·. the. youngest . a~,:~thout not gq1nful)y e_mp\oyed.and.not over i1 years of .'subsij_ti.Jtion. Tf.ie·inccinie be('Jefif_sli~IJ be·gu'a_rc:1n~eed . ·age or_OV_E;)r 21. yearsof_~geprovide_d that he is·. for.'5 years.(LA~OR CODE, Art.· 200, (a)). . inepp_acitated·and· .incap~bl~ of self~suppo'rt·due . '· ·.. · . · . · .· . . . · · · to a ptwsical or,mef'11al def~ct which is congenital. ·o,!'pe~den~y does not in~an ~b?oiute dependency . qr as:q·u1red aunrig minori.ty; . · · for~~ n~'cessities of life; but r_att:ie'r.that ttie plaint_iff 2: · .tegifiinale"§pause . living wifti_ the . employe·e; . looke:i:r up to· and relied. on the contribu~io_n of the . pr.o~ided that she/he has .not remarriep; and .deceident in ·whole ·or. in· part, -as means ·3, .earerits of said 'employee wholly di;3penden~ · . -supporting and maitJtainir'ig'· her~elf 'in 'accor$:lance ... · ~pan him for regular ~!,ipport {ld.:.at 469). ·. with h0f ~tafi9n:.in·.life. A person ·may be ~epe!nd~nt . · · .·· . · c!_lthcii.Jgh :~ble · \b .. maintain .--hers.elf without any. l\lotedf the dece~se_d·emplo;ee.is a·n ~d_o.pted·chiid. . 8$Sisfance ·trbni .. the dec~dent (1 (;HAN~·stjpra at . _the . death.' b¢fiefits : under· . .'the· Employ,ies' ·_467-468)".'.· ·. · · ·: :- . ··· · ' · · · · · ... · ·compensation p·rogram:"shall accrue sblely to· the . biological.. par.ents·. if the- parents· by adqption. are · already dead (Bartolome -v. SSS,. G.R. No. 192531, · · l;he:t~st of .d~en<;lency is· .o6t whether ci1imants .. November_ 12; 2014).. . · .. · . · · . . could.-supp'ort life without contributions;-bu.t -whether they depe11dori -such contributions as part of their income or mearis of living ·(1 AZUCiEN_A, supra at ;;._
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Contracting of .§.igamous marriaqes by the covered emptoyee, · whether. in the Philippin.es .or abroad; x. · §exl:lal ..infidelity· or perversion of the . covered employee; . . xi.. The covered employee's act of allowing the surviving "spouse, . common child/children or· child/children of the. spouse to be subjected to acts of baseiviqusnes~; or _.,. . . '_ xii. .The covered 'employee's contraction of, serious sexually transmitted : Disease extra-rnaritany.' (EC_G Boar.d Re;o/ution'. No. 97:..09;0500, Sept~mbei-:4, 19_97):
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Beneficiaries . · Beneficiaries'°shall be determined a't the time of th~· employee's death (Amended ·Rules on !Emp'ioyees' . · · Compenseiion(2014), ,Ru/(! XV,-Sec.-1,-par. (a)).· ·. -. .. ' . . . 1. Prim~r'y Benefjciai:i~;:·(SC).'.. ·.· . - b. Leqitirnate, leqitimated;: legally· adopted or . , ~--. Legitimate .§~pose until: he remarries. · ·ackl)ovvledged natural ~hildren, who are . ·. . . . . . ' . . unmarried nor gainfully employed, not over· .. ~<:>te: ·,:i,e,_survi11in~ spouse fou·n.!:1-nqt !o~;.,cn:r--:,==,_ . 21_. ~ears of age,: or _ov~r ·21 of. age ·1iving w1!h t~e.c~~ered employee_at~s-fir'ne --~~ov1ded that. he rs tncapacltated.. and the ernployee 'died ~hould- .b~~titt~,._d,' to ' ·\\ 1,- 19,,0.~!?a~le of self-s_u~port:<Jue to physical qr em~loye~s· co~pens.ation b~Flef!Ts:'IJr~.v~q~~"..,r . rt;ient?t; d~f~et. w_h1c~- rs c':mgenital . or that the separ~t1on:0ccur~ef'k_o~1.rt~,,t'9~any.of_ . . ~ijet(~e{-~un~g-mmonty;provided, further; . the following circumsta,r;ii::e~S'.,f(R~·SVl~.,,BJ2t~."':ib-~~ tt;iat-z~, deP.endent acknowle~ge~ natural .. _81:>D). · : · . . : .. ll)F"\ tf".·: ~ , J ·•. ·cw .. ~,ch1t~·~:&~1.Ji~e-·comiidered a primary' 1. . ffef~sal C?f. the .i{ov:ere/d-f."€:,tnl:ifoy,ee_ ~-=.Ji~ .. L&. .. · )~neft?~ary -,~ly ~hen tl:ier~ a_re ~-o other conbnye hv1ng v.:,r.t~...!_hes~rv1vi1"1~ spouse./£;;,,.,. . cl~p_en_ge.n~q!itJ,dre~ ~ho are quahf1ed and· .. ··or the empl<'.>ye1:1's c!B'apdonrnnf'orll'i'Ei'•· l:~:~~-~--=-~hg1ble'-f~m~n~hly mcorne benefit; provi<;fed · said spause,.w/tl:i6'11.t.-,j~stifiabl ~i?r'jafi~_r ~1-~Jl';P 1·nally, ~lliaT"'1,f~ there ,ar? fy.o ·qr njo'~e .. ca"t!_se; . , · · ~ ·... ;;A It . _ . · f~ r:c?l . ·· . cknowl~,g~.d!J.Jatur?l.· children; they shall . . . ii; · . ~tt~mr;,t ·of. t~e'".;..&Q~;r~f~ •. ployl~?:!,:::.._ :- /~J_pu11fe~fr&f · the_ youngest. an? ~ithout . aga_mst the hfe·~!t11.r~. rvi~~rfg}SR,OU~~·""i..... ~ ~Stityjtp.(l_~ )?u~ not . ·ex_ceedlf!g... Jive_ ... ;comm'. .. .. . -.. . child/children or- child/ childr.en·.bf the · emplo_yed,.and -~ot over 21 Y,ears'of age, or. ··spouse.- · . . . . . over·2Fyears 'of'age prqvided''that he is . V.' The" G~\ier,ed·..emp_loyee's·. lnfljction of ineqpac[tated and."ir19apablE{ ofselt- support· . · Ph¥si¢ar viole!')c_e, or ir:np.ositfun·9t m.or~i d_ue. · to physica1· ·or ·.r:nentai_. detect which· is . _-·. dure~~·- to comper the· ~uryi"'.Jhg spa.use, cor:i.genital .. or · ·acquired · :during .mino~ity . · .common qhild/chil~r..en o_r.·child/.children{Amended. Rules · on . Emp/oyf:!es' of-.the.. spouse.. ch,=i-n~e· tliei_r religious·. . Compensatfor;(20,14), Rule XV, Sec. f/paf. or pol_iti~araffiii,ation; . . . . . : .. , . . (r:;)).·. . . vL · Attempt of IJl!:!. covered· :~mploye_e. to:·.. · ·• '· ·· · · . £orrupt,.o.r induce the surviv.i.n.9-spouse; · common·child/cl;lildre·n or child/ ·children. · .. .·. .monthly i~co"me Totaf. Benefits . . o't the spous~ to engage ji, "prostitution; .•.. ' .benefit · ·shail-not be· less . ·or to. make. them ·.conniv~ with. the. . . . '--~--~~ ttian. 1=>1 s_.ooo/ em p!oyee fn.such an act of borruptio~ or . ·ind11cem~n"t; . . · · · .· _. . '!ii.-< Qrug addiction-or l'lab(tual.alcohblism of -... the cpvered employee; . . . . (Amended Rujes. on · Employees' Compensationviii. !,es~ianisn:i or- ~Qmosexuality :ot· the (2014), Rule XV, Sec. ·3j. · · · . . ' . col(e.~ep employee; ·
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BENEJ:=ITS· Death Benefits . . · Paid in the forni of cash monthly pension: 1. i=or fife to -,the -primary beneficiaries; guaranteed · ·. for five 5 years; : · .· . .. . 2. · l_n . the' absence . of · primary beneficiaries, to · . secondary beneficiariesv , · · 3. Total.ceneflts.shall be at least P15,000 (LABOR CODE, Art. 206, par... (a)). ··· .. · · .r
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:~ · Priority Rule . . . . . . 1~::· '.Pri,:n~ry beneflclaries shall have .Priority. claim 'to } death benefits over .secondary beneficiaries. l· Whene',t~r thereare primary beneficiaries, 'rib death ,'.., . benefit shall be paid to-secondary beneflclaries. . :,1 ; If there are no primary. Q~n·eficiaries at the time of ;: ·. ·death,. the death benefit ·sh13II .. be paid to his 't secondary benetlctarles. . . j,•
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'it tn.e deceased·employee:ha~ .no.beneficiaries at the .tirT)e' of his d,eath, the de'ath benefit snail accrue 16 the ·em·plpyees' Con:ip~risati.oli Fund. ·(Amsrided Rules on .Employees' c;ompen~affon (2014), Rufe XV, Sec .. 2;. · ·.· .. Guid.elin'es·:on the .Graiit· of D!3ath' !3enefits to· ., Qualified Wives, and- ·.children BeMficiaries of . ~ . Muslims: . ,,: .. 1.. The. basic rnonthty 'pension. shall be .divlded · equally artio(lg the iiurviving _wiv.es; . _..,/:'.'>' 2. Upon the death or. re-rnarnaqe of any of tll~, r r: . : wives, her. basic ·. monthly. pension. .shall(.J~'~\ equally re-distributed..to the remaining wive,;;;,:.,,. \
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.. ·or PTD (Amended Rµ~e~ on . Employees' Compensation (2014), RULE XIV, S~c. 2; ECG. Board Resolution' Nos. 14,0.6-2[t and 14~06-30, l:!o(h dated June 6; 2014). ·
Jurisdiction. Over Settlement.of Claims Ttie.GSIS, in case ofttie public sector, and the $SS, in case 'of the private_.s·ectd.r, shall have original and exclusive jurisdiciicm to settle· any dispute arising . from the 'law (f::CC) and, its IR'R with respect'to coverage, entitlement' ··to. b'ehefits, ·collection and · payment of contributions and ..penaltieS._the~eon, Of any othe.r-matte.rrelated thereto (Rule of Procedure ..... in. the· Filing.J:mcf bispositlotj. ':Jf the. Employee.s'. Comp·en,sationClaims1 RU!-1=·2,. Sec. 1-:(i3)). . . · Who may file.: (EDBA)' 1. .The covered !;rr'iployee; 2. His.Qeperidents; · 3. The §en.efici~ries de.fined ·~y law; ~r_.. . ... 4. In cas.e_ of th err abseric~ o'r.1ricapac1.ty, therr duly ~uthonzed ,repre~~~t.~~v~(.(l.mended Rules on. Employees Compens8:t1on (2011),. Annex E, _. . .; RUtE 31:Sec. :/, Seftem~er21, 1995)...
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'.. · · ·, 3:: The .q~ali~ed .d~pendent cliildren hot 5 ?e~Jn~rng "'.-Ith the Y.0u~gest ~r~;:.,w,ttioutt 1.1. .. .. ~ut>s~1tub~>n, who are not.entitled \~1~0.~,endent~ ;,;-;:.., pens.1o_n,: shall . be ~o~nted tron\-stt~on.g t~.e r i _colleqt1ve numbe~ of. ch1ld~.<;m~t;!.6e.ty1.~~hfn not. . . c.oun~ed from tJ:ie ch1ldre~ pf1,,;~ach ~es:::-ef th,~ . ,«l >.Muslim (~CC Board Ref?f!!iJ~!i!,Py:.'{+o~~3~;". July ~8, 201f). . . \.( ~,prdr')',j ~y,., ·. r, •·/
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EC.. ciai~i:j\maybe file.ct· by the,clafr~1a.nt at his
option in th_f~~gional Office/Br.a~ch of the ~ystem nearest to .fhel pt~ce of work or.residence. (Amended, Rules on/m'ploy!:t,e~'Compenseiiorr(2014), /J(nnex ·E, RULEi!3, Se». 3 .sepfember.21 1995). ·
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Per1ot:t~Jr~y,~.u~tlgJ1 · · . . : . _'·'')'!. !:..·~ . The GSIS~i:i~:SSS shijll ~vah.,iate ~m Eq c,lairn Fu_neral.Ben~f1t ·:. · . ·,,,.tc,..\') . fl ('! witliin fhe.folloy.,i.ng perioq: :. . . .Z.· . Persoo.s.·.Entitled Jo. Funer~I Ben~t!t~.· .. ~ · . .. ~j:or'J:TI, Claim ·for death· benefi\s - within 1 O working· f A fuqE:ral b§nefi~of f'.20,00~ '(!=CC .86')'!~-~jbSOIUfl0!;__/>·'"'1'~:;i <::O~Y,S ·. . .. . . - . . ; · No. 16-(!5-28) shall~ !;le- paid upon ·lli;9t'a~a!'Y-.9!ra.,.,.~ ........~laim~r.dis~bilft¥ berief.its:.... . .' .· .. . COV~~ed .... e.mpJoy~e... or .p~r~~nen(f{~ .d)~i9';!l~d . . · a. Sickness.-c within 5 working days. · _.pe.ns1on1:r._to,one..ofthe fQllqwrng: (S~9)~':l::i ..~ . ·, . .b. -lnjurjes ..:.,within 5 working da'ys · 1. · Surviving :fu)<>.use; · · ,r ·. · .. ·. · :2.·. 'tegitiroate £hild.whoipent fo.r.funeral services; In ali ca~es,' the coutitihg 'of ttie'. pres6rib~d .Period: : . or . . . . . . . . . :. . . . snail commence from !he submi~ion' ofall.required . ;3: AriyQther.pe~s!)n ~hQ c.an s.!iow inco.Atrovertible . dpcuments (Rules qf.Pr.occdure''1n the Filing and : pr.oof .of" havl!'ig , bprnEf the '..funeral; exp.~mses . . Disposili.Ori of . the . 'Employees' Coinpensatfon . · : (Amended Rt)lf)s.ori ~mplo'ye~s'Compeo;sation . ·claims, RULE IV (1-995), 2, as af'(le,nded f:!y (2014), Ruf~Xf'V, 'Sf:)c. '1). ·'.. Board Resolution('10:··10-09-115). . .
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''Condition to Eritltiemerit : . The 'EC, funera'i 'benefits· sti'all. be· granted after the. . SSS .or'"the G~IS h'c3~ dedared ttie ·followir)'g.In the · . evaluation of-claims ·for EG d.eath b.enefit~; t.· Death' due to sickness- ·ca1,1sal · re'ialio,nstJip .. '. .between the death anci.the·working conditions of. . . the:covered rtJ.ember .. • . . ·;, ·.. . i. ·, ·. Death di;ie to injury-.causal re)atlonship between · ... the death ;3nd tbe work~related accident. '3: Deatti. due to.Pe'rmanent Pa.rtiai'bisabllity (PPD) · . or Permanent Total-Disability {PTO) pensioner'the.. cau&e of.death is a complication-or natural. . . ~o·r'lse'quence.of previously. compensate·d PP!)
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App·ellate Juris<:Jicti'on : The ECC Comn)isSion &hall . hav.~ ·appellate · fur.is.dictionover all a.wards·an'd -dedSLOns,·orders or resolutions of tl'1e GSl'S and p·ss, (Amended Rv}es . on ·Emplqyees' Compensation '(2011),· Ann~:x E, · Rule 2; Sec. 1. (b)).: . , · . . . . . '1 Pe.rio~ to File .. . .. . .. . . . The claimant shall file with the GSIS. or the SSS, as . the case may ..)e, notice of. appeal within ·30 calendar day~from receipt'ofthe decision (Amended Rules on Employees'Comp~nsapon.(2014), ·Annex . E, Rule 5, Sec. 1). . .
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·SOC.IAL LEGl·SLATION · ~N-13£DA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR·OP,ERATIONS - M£MORY AID 2019
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Upon :receipt of. the notice of appeal, the: GSIS or·
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ART 207: Prescripflve Period· . . Despite ·the·· 3-year prescriptive period expressly provided. ir:i' Art. 201, a compensation .claim may be filed beyond·this but before the lapse of thE) ·1 om· year from accrual. of the. caµ~e of action, applying Art. '1144 'of the ·'Civil ·code (Manila·.,~aflro{Jd Co. v. Per'e.z, G.R. No. L~21071, Ju~e 29; 1965)..
s·ss shall transmit the entire records o( the. case to the· C.ommi&sion within 5 working days fro()'l receipt there9f · (Amended . Rules on Employe.es'. Compf!nsation (2014); Arinex ·E, R.ule V, Sec. 4). . . . . . . . .
''Grounds The· .appeal may be entertained only on · any of the . .following grou.nds: (SPQ) . ., . . .. '. 'Th~ ~ year;·. have to be counted'. from _the ~irti the ; 1. ·. If §erious errors in the finding of facts are raised : employee losthis earnjng cepaclty.not frotn the time which, if not corrected, would »cause grave ·· .. the illness was discovered {ECC v. Senlco, G.R. Nb. ... irreparable darnaqe 'or injury to the appellant, ·134028, December 1.7, 1-999). · · 2: If. there ls, a Prima iaC1e·. evjdrerlce·of abuse. of · · · ·.· · · · · · ,:. "discretion on the part-Of the Sy!item,' and ·~ott:i: Th~:em.ploy~ris e~topp~d to raise-tf1e·defen.se 3.' If made purely ori Question 'of law (Amended o(prescripli¢nif he ordered the. claimant to wait for Rules· on Employees' Compensation (201'4, .. · the lapse of.the period provided for in: tne Civil Code .. An'?ex E, Rule 5,. Sec. 2,. Eiep.tember.21, 1995).. . in cases of presumptlvedeath (P.antol/ano·v.: Kotphil .. . Sh{pmanagem~nt'and Man,r.,ing Corporation, G.R .: Period to D~~i<;le · · . .. , · · . . -~:~=--"~;169575;March·~o. 201-'!), ·: · ·. . .·. · · Wil,hin. 20 Working days from receipt of an.,,.~.P~i!(aled . case, the Corrimission shall review·an,<;l,~~.cld~aid , . ~pnjtioffq!."missing person" for. purposes of .case. Four affirmative votes shall dyrelqe·t~e,.c~~..---,=~bt! gran,f ~~benefits·: . . : . .. However,. if only a quorum o~~.:,:,~e)ol=?~o/s""are · f~~a.i·~Vfos~F~·~sing: refers to unknown fate or: pre~ent,.3 affirmativ~vot_e~ sha1kf .:.ci'd~l'!)¢'c~~->:N·o-=~:~-!Q~f~~~~'o t~~e;,e of W~E!re.abouts of a worl<7r, .. motion for i:.econs1derallon 1Pf()h~';'decision .. ~f, ''WT e~,.1.oy~~'t~p.st.\re unltormed personnel· while resolution of the. Comrnissi9,,i;i er.'l•tb'anc ffi;hall. tie .ui~ A· hetsre is\1rf the ~erformance of his/her 'duties ·'· entertained' (Amended R,iJles· Er(Jployees' r').l"'!. ·. . duri!:J;g, cat:'J~i~o):fatal ~vents; .. Compens?fUOn, RU!f! XIX. Stid:Jp,1'' . -~1:lierorket~!r1.PLo\,ee,.orunifor!')1e'd personnel . '."" ·· . · . · · ff "'~--1i/ · . J1 . ii! ~:"-:'was1l1otse~.f Or· hp~rd .from ·~fter the lapse of 4 ~r:esc~iptlon ·. . . . • ff ,...:::/'4 ~ . ·. , \, · ¥_. filn~· yea(s from twe:oc<jur,ence.o!.the i~cident;. .
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.. ualess said cJaifl'l ii, filed·.w~ly,tJr9.11Sy$~~,>v;il'fn~~·J,h..,') • UJilli~ed !e'i:sQnnel~iv~~· r(se to p~esumption.· .. . . years fr9m the' time the :cawl,e 0t\1ctio(~}~~e~ ,~@r_At-~~~fh~.a;d .. "1{ ::., ;: .... (A(Qende
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'27ij · I ~019· s~N SEDA LAw'c;:ENTRAUZliD BAR'OPERATtONS
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PROCEDURE ·FOR.CLAIMING DISABILiTY BENEFITS FOR OVERSE~~·F.ILIPINO SEAFARERS (Based on POEA Standard Terms and eonditions· G~Verningthe .Employment of Fi/fpino Seeterers On-board ~ . · . 1 : . · Oceen-Golnq, sntoe (201_0)! Seq. 20) . · . ·
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Within.3·WORKl~G DAYS FROM ARRIVAL-~f1be seatarer . · the point of hire;:the.COMP.ANY PHYSICIAN determines whether: . . . . . . .
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·1 .. The nature of the. inj~ry/sicknesi( is \emporar:y,. total, or· · . permanent; and · 2. The inj~ty/si~kness is com~ens~ble.
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.·:/. ':'. . tndepend~rit.P~ysician .... : deterrnjnestnat the ·.. t • • • , injury/sickness i:>. . . · NOT COMPENSABLE · . :
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NO . COMPENSA'riON.
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A third. doctor may tie·,.·· · agreed jointly b~twe~n Jhe ·, employer and the seafarer, and ·the third doctor's ·. decision shall .be·~ AND BINDING on both
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:so·c·IAL· LEG 1:SLAT'I-O.f\{· .SAN BEOA LAW CENTRALl~EDBAR OPERATIONS- MEMOR'( AID 2ot.~ .
. PROCEDURE .FOR .CLAIMING DISABILITY BENEFITS F.OR OVERSEAS.FILIPINO SE'AFARERS -(Based on POEA Standard Terms and eonatttons · Governingthe Employmentof FilipinoSe~farersOn-board • . · · . Ocean~Going_Ships (201_0), Sec. 20) . . . . . . . 1 .
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, .. Within. 3 WORKING DA V'S FROM ARRIVAL of the seafarer · at the point of hire.-the·COMP.ANY PHYSICIAN determines whether: · · 1. The "nature of the .inj~ry/sicknes~(is \e~porar-y, totai-. ~r permanent; and 2. The l_njur:y/~icknessis compens~ble. ~. . '
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Company Physician . determines that the . in)ury/sic~ness·is . . . COMPENSABLE .
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·: .lndependent Phy~foiaci .. determines that the : . injury/si_ck_nessis. ·COMPENSABLE .
· Independent .Physician determinesthat the .~ I i~j~ry/~iCk~eSS. is. . . . ·· 'NoT.· COMPENSABLE ,
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A thi~d 'ooctorrnay be'.· .• · agreed jo1ntly between the ·. employer and the seafarer, and the third doctor's ·. decision shall be ·FINAL· AND BINDING.Qn both· ·parties;·
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s·oC.IAL LEGIS.LATION'· 'Ull&SWA·
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SAN BED/lo LAW CENTRAUZ,ED_BAR OPERATIONS- MEMORYAID 2019. . . SWAM HAI HIPI# . Jtsi+SWP41
home, in:cludi[lg other areas that the HR. may designate, . and . to the . members. of . the employer's - household, and who. receives. compensatlon forsuch services. 3. A Filipino seafarer, upon signing of the standard . BY R~A;:No. 82:-82) . employment contractand.actual deployment by the rnanolnq ·agency and ths foreign principal, who ~re considered as the employers. As of its date. ef(ectivity (February 22, i019), RA. , .. 4. A · worker · of · a foreign ·government . or No. 111·99, a/so.known as ''Sociai Security.Act of : · international organization; or its Wl)'olly-:'OWned. 2018," repea.JedRA. 11.61, as ariu:inded by.R.A. No: -lnstrumentallties, · with an approved 82.82.' . . . Adrrtlnlstrative. J,greem~nt with the. SSS (SSS (R:A: /\JD: 11199 is NOT covered by the.·2019· bar . .G'uidebook (2017), p.4). . syllafiys; nonetnetees, for: putpos0s··Of.di5cUsSio·n, a . · · · ·. .tab/Et. bf comparison is,prcivided at the erui.}:' · . -~elf.Empioyed (SE:) . . ·.. . ·· · ·· . . ... Any -person. whose. lncome is .not derived from Declaration of ~cilicy . . . . employment; shall be the employer and employee at It. is· the' policy .of the. State- to establlsh.: develop, ·. · ·. the:Saf!l.e time. (RA Nd. 82.82; Sep. 8, pars. (sand pro~ote; an·? p~rfe~ta:~o~nd ';'ndvi~ble !ax-e~tnpt;.-,:e-:··=9~ .: .· . '. . . . . . . . . . . social security' service su1ta~le to· the n~~~s""§f the 1f T · J~ · ;r -~-,.,"'°-= ~ · • ., . . . people . throu_gho~t: ·_tl)e P_hilippin~s;j,wj)J_fh.l~Rall jlfl,R}U1ldr;~tl..lnotllm1tedto, are the following: (S:A2Fpromote social JUSt1~e and · pro~,(~me'alii11§tul.e:=-~"....-=:;l,Q.~!,t . Ii i,.~ .. · · . · protection to members and · n1~r'
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. . ... ·:. · The: amount paid to SSS by and on behalf of the mem_bets.in accordance with Section 18 o{R.A. No. »: · 8282 (R.A. No. 8282, Sec;_. ~. par. (i)). Notet- Regular courts: do. not' have. juris<;liction: over . ~ · .. the. matter of .SSS contributions, As between ·the parties (employer-employee), Art. 224($) ·(4) of the · f Labor Code is. aj:>'plicable·-(AMECOS.-fnnovatiohs, .~ · . Inc, v, Lope,i G.R. No.17805.5, .Jf..!lY .,2, 2014). .
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·. Rules on·Depende.rit.!lleg.itimate _children: . ·· 1. Concurring :W.ith l.~gitimate, legitimated qr legally adopted children -·shall be entitled to 50% of the share. of th'e legitimate, le~itimated or legally adopted children.· ·. ". · . . · . 2. With ·no legitimate, legitimated or legally adopted.. child - shall be entitled to 100% of the benefits (R.A. No .. 8282, Sec. 8, par. (k)).• . I
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Note: A wife who is .afready separated de fac,to}ram ·.her ;husoar:id· cannot be said to be "dependent for, . support" upon the husband, absent any showinq to the. contrary.. Conversely, i( it is proved that the husband and wffe were.:stilr°living·together at the..time · of his death,. it. would be safe t.6 presume· that · she . was dep~ndent on the· husband' for support, unless it is shown that she is capable of providing for herself
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Cqmp~nsati9n · .. . . All a·ctual remuneration' "for employi"hent, Including. ,,. · ttie mancfated·cost-of-living allowance,.a.s wei1·as the· ~ .·. cash value of any-r.emuneration paid in' any ·medium ·",.·. .other,than cash. except that.pa.rt of the· remune~atfon. -J.. in excess·. of the maximun:i Sl:llary (R.A:- :N9. 8282, Sec. 8. par. _(f)).: - . · • •. : ·: · ···:·
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· .2006)c . ' . . . . . Empl_oyment . . . . . ·. ·· .•,,/';)° · . . . ~·. A,r.iy · service· performed , by an employee for .t.Jis'.·./.l.l Secoridary Beneflclariest ·(PO) · .. ·employ.er except: (~:AT_.G2) .. . -, . . ('·.::(( :).\. 1. ·. In \he. absence of .tt:ie_ primary .. beneficiaries, the \ · .1. Employment purely ·_g_as!Jal and not .forftll·~ ·· ·,.,1°1 · Dependent ,Ear.ents; or , . . ~ · purpose -of oocupafton or -business of )th~: ,, '. '(;Lee?·:,, In the _?.Q.l?!:mce of all .the foregoing, any .Qther '< empl.oyer; · · . - . ' . ·. · . · ::·;.,i~;,'.'.~.1hj~~{fB-'f,:~~tsJ!;Jnatedby -the _covered employee 2. Services performed on or lf1 ,connestip~w,th an'.J !·I (R':A-:-No;,..?28?~ sec. 8, par, (k)).· . ; · ,: ., _ . , .. . . Alien Vessel by .an employee if hc-(js--employe~fc.JJ · ·Yli~ · ·. ·. · · · . , ,,. ·. whe~·such vessel i_s outMde the F?}S!!iJ?R'ne~; Contin~e?f6Y,! r~fers to. the: _(RD:DISM( ·:, ~ . 3 .. ~.erv1ces.performed by.Iempor.a!',y>effli\Jt6yee~ •.. ~; ·1.· .!3.etire)'ne,ljlt ~ .. · · .· .:· · -.: ,, J; . ·· . _which ..ni~y be _exclud_~<;i~.,~~egura((?~~f ·!t;i~'. I•·\ 2. Q~a}.~~.. U :. \ · .. ' .. : . ··:"·· ---.·. .. ·· ·. ·:.;:..: :". {. ·· Comn,1s131or1: . Employe~~~<7 of '51"qna · ft!'-!~ 3.· Q1s,~b1htyt . \\· · . · · ).· .\·.· · ., .. ,.-··.:~.,: independent contractor's~s~all·"Fll:>-Y,.!$e~:,oee~.d . · 1,.: :i 4. · !RJ'u'i;yor·:~Jq~!}~}>~f~nd , . , . · .. ·: ··.; _,, ~--=. ;_\;:.~_f'~:·: .. employees of the employe(eri_gagjl:1-g;~~serw1!:;~ .-.5. Malefro.i.W.:Qf:.th_e'memb1:;r (R:A.:f'!f~~~S'?;,.f~?_:;fJiff.t of said contractors; · · '.°"'~P:-.'l"'/:1. · · ·-?,. ·; p~r. (/)). . · · , · · · ::. : :·- · · . - ·'. '. ·. "-'. : . ·: ':!:/:~ i):.f:t · 4. Service perforined.'in· the -,~ploy).'.~( ... Philippine .. Qov:ei:nmehf! . · ir'lstru~~?.tall~y ~r_ ..... ·::<_. }':7-)-~ . agency thereof- aAd . . · · ·. ·: -.: ···.· ..... :·, •.., ·: ., ~.=l -_.,.,.......,.-'J-:--'-"'Comptllsory: ~. "i -· ·s. Service performed.in· the emplo'y,,0! a ·1t9reign a.· Emp!9ye_e~.~ (P..H~.F)· •. ..;.-.: · · .~J.:, ... ·Qove~nme.nt;·lntern.ational organiz~t'i~·~f..thei~ . i .. Al~ frivate sector ··ernplqyees, ·y,.iti1t.l'fe,r·.-·~ : ·wnol[y,oWned :·instrume11tality_ '(R.A. ·.JVb. 8~/32, .. .,- .· . perrn.~n.ent, ·temporary._ or provisional, ... ·... S~c. 8, 'pBt. ~"{j}). · . .. . ~ho a·re not ayer 60 y~ar.S o! ~ge (~ ..A.~.. ~ . .. . • .·. NQ.' 8282, Sec-. 9);·· . : : .. :. Prirt1ar:yBeneficicf,:ies (SC)· . . .. . ii. .t!buseh'old· 1-(elper. who)s not over 60_.:. f. Th~ de1:1e.nde,:it. . .§.pous~· · until·. ~e : .cir she. ·. ·. . . . · · · · . - years of age .with a . r:rionthly inco'me of · .. •, .. rem'arries; an.a·· , ... : : : ·. . .. ·· . • not less than P1 ,000. (R.A.. No. 828?; · :.· •. · ·2 .. Th·e:depehdent 1~·gititnate. legitimaJed. or legally.' ' .. Sec.- 9, ·par .. (a)) c(nd has render~d .at· , ·, .. :· .· .adop~ed .and. ill'egitimate ~hildren: (R.A:" No. least: 1° mon'th'··af. service· (R.A. No. 1 ~ ~282, S(}c: 8, pa~. (k)).,· · 1q3q1; Se~. 30);. . . . .. : .4 ;:. · iiL A Filipino .§.eafc1(er, · upori signing of. th.e . Note: Although .. the· ·sss ts . rjot irit~ins1cQlly _standar.d .employment. contr:act "and . !'.' ... empowered.to tjE:ltermk1e.th(:) validity of marrlages;it . ·actual deployme:n't by the-,·mannir,g l.- . is··requir~cHiy Sec. 4:par. (b) (7)"0f ~.A.· No:. .8_282 to · . agency and· ·fne. fQreign· principal,. who :: : : · ·examine ·available statistical arid economic 'data .to ·~re considered .as the employers (SSS '.. .. ensure.. that" the. benefits· 'tall into the:; r!ghtful · . Guidebqok(?017),..P· 4); Bf!d :·. . . ·:. · . beneficiaries ·(SSS Azote,·G.'R .. ·No. 209741;·April . . ~- . :· ·15,.20_15).· . · ·. · . ·Note:' Under the -new SSS l~w. all seabased ·and land-based OFWs are no~ compulsory covered (R.A. No. ·t.1199,
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SOCIAL LEG·rs·LATIO'N ·. SAN·BfDA /,AW CENTRALIZED BA~ OPERATIONS - MEM(!RY'AID 2019
. iv. All employees . .9f a foreign government, iv. Th~ private .benefit plan . which the · . international · organization, or ·· their· · employer shall continue for his· . · wholly · owned lnstrumentality which · employees shall remain under· the entered into an 'agreement with the .§mploye(s rnanaqernent and control ,Philippin_e government for the lnclusron unless there i_s an existing··agre~mentto of such employees lnthe SSS (R.A. No. the contraryand · · · · 8282, Sec. ~· par. (j)). v. . Nothing in this Actshall be c,9nstrued as , . .. . . a I.imitation ·or:i: the riQht 6f employers and .· b. Er:npioyers: (PSGE) employees to.' agree -on .and adopt. i. . Any f.erson · who ··tarries . on Ir:, the 'benefits ~icl':i. are _.Qver and . above Philippines .. any . trade, bustness, -thoss providedunder this Act (R.A, No. · industry," undertaking, 'and 'uses the 8282, Sec: 9, p~r'. {a))., · · · .servlces-of.another person, except the, . '. ':G.~i:~rnment (R.A.' No. 8?82', sec. _a, 2. Vo!u.ritary: (NOV)' . . '' .. · , ' ,. '' par. (c));· ... · . .. a. -Non-wor.king.spo1,J$e .(NWS), who is legally · 'u. .' .§ocia~;-· civic, professional,· charttable, . ·married to a. member ..wl:!~ haaat least 1 . : · . andether non-prom organizations which · .: posted contribution, who devotes full time to . ' hire ..the- services. of employees' are . ·. ·rnana_gi~g_the·hoµsehold._an·d f~niily aftatrs.' _co~sidered · · ~employers"· · _(~~-..:__""""-=-~ and has never beenamembsr ersss (R.A. . . Gµ1debpok (201-7), p. 4); · ... ~~- lT .,,,~o: 11~9,9, .sec_9, par: (b));. · · : · iii. .A.n.Y foreign §oyei:n1Tiel')t;.,.,iJ:i~_r'n
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Effective Date -of Coverage_ . 1: ·compulsory Coverage a, Employer on first day he/she hires the first employee (SSS Guidebook (2011), p. 7); · · b. Employee - on the ·first day of employment (SSS Guidebook (2017),·p. ?): . · · c. ·self-employed - on the month and. year of .first monthly contribution> provided that.it is: not earlier. than the declar.ed "Start of: Business" (SSS ..Guidebook (201°7), p, 7i._ : .
. _Bene.fits: (MR· SMS:DJJF) 1. t4qnt~ly Pension Retirement Benefits · 2·.. .§1ckness .Benefits : .· . · . · 3. Maternity-Leave Benefits 4. g_alary Loan ·. . -. . 5-. ~errna'n'ent.Disability Benefits . .. 6. ·• Q.ependent's Pension . · 7 ... Death· Benefits . .&. -funeral Benefits
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Note:· The new la\\! includes a-new provision Oil µnempl9ym_ent.insurance. or Involuntary separatton. benefits .(R.A_. No. 11199, see. f4~B). (Refer. to the table provided at the. en·d of the' discussion for the
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uponrendering at least 1 l\llonthly Periston . month 9f service (R.A. No. 10361,. 'Sec: 30) -. · · Morith!y pension shall be the h_ighest of the following: ·. · ·. ·~h{l 1. P300 plus 20%·of aver.age monthly salary credit" Voluntary C~verage ·. ·.: . :;/ .. (AMSC} plus 2% of AMSC for each-credited year a. ·OFW --:. upon ·first payment of:-e:ontriby(iprj;(;.·,;'\ . of ser.vice in_excess of10 y_ears; or . based on the payment deadline for .Offy?IJ:';.;,{i f:j' 2 .. 40% of AMSC; .. or . · · .· · whf~h ~ay be . earl!er · t~an the datej p.f,:;,J!;.,;,.~~·p.1 ,00<}.(&.A: No. B282, Sec. '12(a)). . . .reg1str~t1on (SSS Guidebook, _2017, R;_;'1);./__,:,f/~t1,i;!;,,=t::-:·.,j . . :· · · . . . . . · .., -.: · · · . . -._,,r<--::f:' ·. . \.J .. _Note:'T-h.-e·.".}Of't!ily pension shall)n no case be paid · ·_Note:.Under· the.new S~S l~~···'~F;Ws ar~·~',...,_!i;\:.: for an.agg;~~?,te 'amount of less than- 60_ months . now .~on;ipulsory coyere_d,},'.B~!:tce, · i_QP--,.,...1\ (R,A No. ~!2~['2,fjiec._ 12(a)) ... · . . . effectivity date·take effect 9p-Jh'.eflr:~~y 9f r.1 , . . . ";( J, ~\ .: . , . . . his employment·(R.A. ~9-;.:.1·119i(pi?c710);_ Mlnimu!jf _Pe siJ~ · . ·· . . .. . . . ,.. · . ·. .· . ·. : '·,. · (.~~;, "5),i::::: .. :, . :.~~ r/,1. ·1,-.~1,2_00 Jl!!?r_~e.m~~ with at least 10.,years b; Non~workmg spouse·.~__.-,,-:on~·tn\~~;-,'ijphc~!~,.r"1 · cr{i~\~~1i$7 · · i'rlont.?· a_nd. year of _tK~..,!if%t:-::P.~Y-i;nenF~ · ·.2. P2-;-4:QQ::._..;:,fo~men;ibefs'with at l~ast.;20:year~ . _ ... -~_ontnqut!on (SSS Gt11debq_01j:.:,Z@~'<°/>.P· 7);;_ ... [-.'{ . cred1ti:id -~ervi9e (f?:A No_. 82_82, ·s_ec. 12. (b)). · 9. Separat13d member_":"' _on tl'l'e rr10.~t9,.,pe!she ·. l·~m . . . . .· · . ·: . . . ·.. · . '. res~med ··paym_ent of contn.l;>t.1t.J_.ow (SSS_.Jt-:~l·fl.~tt,=~f... P.J:~v!.s1on·on.~dd1tl0nal·~e_nef1t Allowance 1s. _ ~wdeboof$, 2017;_p. 71,_ .· · -'{:{ . .r(Y'-:--~~-m0l1:1def:!Ct1ri~er:the .new ~SS law,(R.,1. No.-_ 11_199, d,
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Withdrawal.of MembE!rship_ . · : . . . ~~'--.:!;,:', ' . · An:iember cannot withdraw his membersl,)ipwith the·· SSS. s.ince: rheniber~hip with· the.. sarne -is fc;>r. life.. Howevlalr, a ·.111!:lmber who ·,was· i:iep_arated· fforh. employ.m_e_r.it'Or ceased to .be a ·self~employed ·or OFW. has the op.tion , to continue · paying· SSS ¢ontFibutions,as·a voluntary m'emb.!;ir.to m~ntain the · right to· full-. benefits provi~ed bx the SSS (SSS. . Guidebook (201-7), p. Bf. : . . . .. . · ' . . · . Effects.' :of
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Depende~t'-'s -~en~i<>n . . · · ' .·. . .· . · 1:. There·is:monthly pension. payabli (:H). accoµnt of .d~ath; p~rma·nenttotal d~sat)ility.:or".retirement;'. ... 2. Equivalent to 10% of monthly pension·or:?250.--· . · . whiche..ve~- is higher; ·. . . · . . ·. .. . .' · .' 3:.· Payal:>le .to. each depend.ant child conceive-clon... · _· or before .the date· of the con~ingenc·y but no~ · 1 . · exc-eedjhg .l?, beginning with the :youngest and ·without .. siJb,stitutidri, . with .· pieferen9,0· · on. legitimate -child~~~ {f?_.A t:Jo. · 828-Z, Sec:· 12-A) .. , ·
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· 1 :·· H.e' s11an ·not be requir:,ed·tc:i pay cqritributions for : · .. N'ote; The monthly . pensi6ri and ·dependent's· ·that month:: .. · · . ~ . ' · ... 'pehsiQr:tshall be· silsp~nded.upon .the re·employrt1ent. . or.r!;}S!Jmp~ionof self·employ·ment qr the recoyery of 2. : He·niay, however, be ailowlald to'contir.iue paying . .· · the· disabled· merri.ber · frorn.. his· .permanent total . contributions under the sarne rules.applicable.to. disability -or his failure to .. present hirnself for. a ·separated cov.ered employee member. - examination at least once a year upon· notfoe by tHe. No reJroactiv~'payment of c911tributions shall be 'sss (R.A.. No. 8282, Sec: 13-A.(c)). . allowed .other·than as pres.cribed under Sec.i2-· . . ·-- .. A of R.A. No. 8282 (RA No. 8282; Se.c,. 11:·A) ..
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Retirement" Benefits . it is a cash benefit paid either in monthly pension or as lump SUffi' to a rliel'nber who Call no. longer work . due to old age (SSS Guideoook (W17), p. 70). ·
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Death Benefits Upon death .ot a member, who has paid at least 36. .' monthly contribution prior to the semester of death: 1. His primary beneficiaries as of the date of his retirement shall" be entltled lei" · the monthly . .. -oensfomand ·· · . . 2. rt he hasno primary beneficiaries, his secondary· benetlclarles shall· be: entitled to a, lump -sum . benefit equlvalent . to · 36 times · the, monthly _pensi_on.. (R.A.No: 8~-82, Sec.. 1_3). · · · ' · · Upon death of member; 'who has riot" paid' the required: 36 monthly contribution, his primary qr secondary .beneflciaries shall be entitled.to a lump· sum' benefit equivalent to the monthly pension times. the number of monthly contribution pald to jhe $SS_ .or ·1 ~- times the monthly pension, whichever is·higt:ler (R:A No. 8282,·Sec: _13)" . · · ·
Requirem.ents: -' .. . .. · 1. A member who has· paid at least 120 monthly. · contributlons prior to-the semester of retirement shall be entitled to monthly pension as lonqas · he llves.vprovlded that: .< · • · • • a. · He has reached the age of 60.. ye.ars and ·is ·· already separated fromemployment.or has ceased to self-employed; 'or · . . , : .. b. · He has reached the ~ge of 65 years·.(R.A. . No. 8282 ; $eci 12:...B);or . . . . c. ·He is a. surfaceor underqreund rnineworker whose date of a9Jual· re~irement is not earller ·than April 21, 201'6 (SSS.Guidebook (201.7), at 70); _ . . or .. : .· · - · · . ~-=-----···~ . d. A total.· disabili~y ~~nsione~:· ~h,9,,..,-.ffas.·,r .-Y ·rto"t~ti~~-rderfor-the beneficiary of an..E_1mployee to . recovererHrom:d1s_ab1l1ty and ~s1~fiea~t 60 J.tf, /el'},litle~JR death benefits: under t~e the yea~s old (SS$ (3wdeb9ok{,.~ff?,"'{lt _of~d~tht9fthe;_emplo.ye.e must bea sickness ., • ·· ·· ~;!'' · ~),,:;,~ _ hste·~i\!g~n.pb~'be:~t1ona1·disease by E?~; or: any . ..~ot~. The member ha5. the_~~Uo~t9;fce1_;'.,;-""D!.~"'=:Jr="'"other.~,~-~~~~us1a{l.by _employment, ~u?!~c;t to proof first 18 ,:nont~~y ~ensi_oh~f~J.llrtJJP§.l!.A'l.. at~ .,7, 1Rat the"r'.s'ktfl\<::~!~~fl•i:,gthe same is lncreased by pref~rential rate of. !ntere,,aN.~~fmm(
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2. A co~ered h,emb~~.wh~(~(f:y.~ar-s·olf but,;a. . .· ,,-,=-~\ 1:9t ~bl~.' to -~O~_tribute~ ~e,~t _1.2.0\!'1onttY...; '.> .~®_'lit,y·aene~t~. :i_ !i · . ·. .· ,. . .. . . _co~tneution~ . pr_,o~ tq K·ta.,f'\,ern~1~\of ·.~•~Tu.~~p~mi ·!t:e 'Y,"1rl~ -My')\lth ~rg_amzat1on s_ defm1t~on retirement _shall still betent,tte~:to_'9,,.J~rnµ.sum:~·"'=of •..?.!!ii!J~t}' ;;i~ anyAt:estnction or lack_ (r~~~lti~g · be.nefit ~qual _to the Jot~:-c~nyjputib~~~~"i::iji;l,·bY:.'5\1 J.,.··lfo~na.1t.fne11l~o~~Jl1ty t~ perform_ an. act1v1~y·1n . him . and ·on his· behalf, wo~ed, \e _is ~;::It~e)~~Defr.O.lj?yv1t~mf·t)ie·range, c?ns,der-e~ nor~al. from employr.nen~:and r~_iiO! conti~\t_ing .~o~~~r:iJ!1~g, t~fs~s red~s,gned th~ W?ntmg · of contributions to the sss~~n his (R:¥'.,~S,,./~~~~~~-~r at least·5·ye_ars. .'.· - -:=sc!llen~ Fe_atures,af th_e.New· D1sab1hty .Prograr:n. · ·. ·(eitheF continuous or 'accuim.Hated}'prior:to the . 1. · l,Jse of, th.e·, new Manual. ·on. Meqical. Ben.efits. semester .-of reffrement.· as . certified , by. his . . · : (Disabilfty,: Sicl
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.282· I 2019SA~ SEDALAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS.
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SOCl·AL LEGISLATIO:N.·
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SAN BEDA LAW CENTRALIZEDBA.R OPERATIONS'.' MEM,OflYAID 2019 l&Wi@Mii#iY>tjiA't &A&P
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°C;i°4alified. Person. fo~ D.iSabllity ~enefii under the
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.. · . · ·· · ~\· A member Who ·suffers 'partial qr total permanent }:: disability;_with at teastt monthly contribution paid to the S.SS prior to the semester of ,contingency, is Aualifif!lc:I (SSS C3qicJ.e.b,o_ok-(2017), p. 62) ... ·
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It shall be paid in .lurnp, sum if the'. period is. less than. 12 ·months (R.A: 8282, Sec. 13-A .(h)).
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For multiple 'partial disabilities,' they.shall be
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additive when related or deterloratinq - the percentage shall-beequaltothe number of ·~·. · · months ··the. partial dlsablllty is entitled to f;- The disabl~d: member shall .~gain. 'be subject. to. divided by if) months. (e.g, loss· ofsiqht in · t· compulsory· .coveraqe and .considered . a new· ope eye .7 25/75; 'loss of arm 7.·50/75; 'if ·.member if: , . · .. . · . . . · both occur due ta same cause, 'then 25/75.+ ;s· -.!·· Hehasreceived alump Sl.11!1 benefit; and· · 50/15 .. =. 100% sq "treated as ft it- wer~ .1 ·: 2. . Is· reemployed qr has: resumed ·setf-employm~nt · permanent total. dis.abilily) (R.A.' 82/32; Sec. ;· ·· not earlier than 1 · year: from the date of his . ·· 13°A (g)) · · · · · · · ·' .-.},;.·· d.isa_bility .(R.A' No. 8?,821° $ec •. _1·3~A/. . 3.. · 'J\~ide · from" disability· benefit, a supplemental , · allowance·of _PpOO ls paid to -the total .or partial ,',;~: lnjurie.s:oeem~d as:Pe,:mai:ient Total Disabilities: .:di~pility pensioner to-meet the extra needs ":; . (ELPIS) ... · · · . . . · · . .. · . arising from . his disability· (SSS· Guidebook ·1:· Conipleteios~·ofsightofboth.§yes; .·. '. (2017);p. ~sj_.·_. .... :._ .; ... . .: . *i. ·2.· . Loss of 2 Limbs at or above the ankle or wrists;· :'4. Total 'QiS.ension payable every·Qecember andin case of 4.: Brain injury/esulting to incurable· imbecilil~?(/);( partial disabtllty pensioner, a 131h month.pension . : !n_s~nity;and· .. · ·· . . · f.._-..f./:·:'!'\ $haHbe paid; p~vid_ed.!ti.at the pension.duration 5. ·_such cases as deter.minedand approved by·IIJ¢.'; .:~i'.tl · is at ljlast J2 months.(SSS Guidebook (2017), p. ~: §.SS (A.A. No .._8282, Sec:. p-A (d)): · :· ') (./.,; ...-.:y'f~~6~). (.1, . .... · .. ~:.' ·. .. . ·. . ·. ·: · . ·. . . . . .. · . . . . . · .,,-,}- '(,.,...,,1p~~s.~.-.,As-:-of,:..!.Ja,nuary ~, 2017, · all t9tal .d1sab1hty · l~j_uries Oeeme.d as.f>e.rniarre!ltParti~,-~-!~a6iliJy:\.,,/. ,pefi~ioA~fi~.a~e.. a)~o . entitled. ·10. an·.·adqitio~?I A co~pl~te. and perrtranent loss qf ustofanyof th~~~:-'::;{ · . · P1·,0~0 jl'ie£1efi!011. top . of:_th?rr com puled ba_s1c fol!qWing.b9dy parts:'. ·}...'.),/!., . .,,;/ r\ mpnlhly iwlt,sron_ (S..SS Gwdebook (2017), p. . b';_, , ·I ,• ".i':z# t,• ·55a 1. ··., 0 ne. t.h tim . • . . ... .. ,,.-d-,-:> 4:. · on.e.big t9e; .·. ·. · -~/ vrx:.'?" · .c:~,. f,;1 · i · r1 · · · ,·~~·~'i'!~ 3. . One index.finger;. . {?~--7 .. ~'): "- '. ·~. )•:.\ ~] \:'·..J:/ ·=-.:f";J:.,.._. ,..,, .·· f;,,· I . .4 . · One· . . . hand· . . '. . . .. j}. ., ·. , ..:$?. 5 ... One middle finger; ·,,.." . .c,,.y;,•'.l .
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· -One ear, · • ·. He~ring\:if both ·iaar.:;;·.' .1.4: BC:'.ltl:i·:ear.s; ·... · .' ·: . • 15. Sigh! ot'1 :eye (S_SS G_uidf:borik (2()17); p. 6_2).
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.:... Perl'ri;:t~~nt · bisabili.ty . ee·ne~.ts ... E'llgi.bility ;:· ·~e·quirEiments ··. =. . · • . _ • •. _ '; . ·. ·. MemEier·shall nave '36 .o,onthly contributions prior to .th~ semester' of, disabil.i.ty; sam~ death benefit;. only 'difference.il?· that the, p'ension.is paid 'dire~tly to the _memt:>er(R.A.-.82821 Sec .. 13-A (a)). · ·. ·
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~e:n~er.tia.s'pald·at:least ,S6 nioii~nly.co·ntributi9ns · .,· t · tti ··· · · t f 'd th · · d' ·bn,1 (1 . _pnqr. o .. _e · se_m.es_et .o ea ~r 1sq · 11 .,. .
·, .Primary beneficiaries: : Membe~ (t.CHAN,"s1ipra If·· · none, · ·. secondary ~(423); . ·. ': ... · . be·nefici~r,ies·are· er:ititled to . a'. lunip sum 'benefit' · ·equa'J to .36 times .the ·. · · monthly. · .. pension . (1
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.,in .case. 111,e .permanent1y·dis·a.bled.memJ:>er.c;l!es;
CHAN, suprii at.'4.20)._- ·
~:' . . . . : it WC>Uld be given the. same tr~atment a'S a· retiree ,: dying. . · .. .' ·. . · ·· · · · 2. For. permanent P,artiar·9isab\lity, the pension is not lifetime (e.g: loss· o.f thumb entitles m'3n,ber . to only.1°0 'months of penslOf'l, 'While los·s Of arrri ,.to 50:m
to
.Ben~fits: sbaf be a lum'p sum equal. ~he mon~hly pensi9r:i ti'!les·the n·iimberof mon.thly contr,ibutior:is pal.~· to SSS'..or :1~ times the·-moi:,th_ly ·pension, · \ whi.chever ts hlghe((1 CHAN, supra ·at 420 &,423)-'
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20i9 SAN SEDA.LAWCENTRALIZEQ BA8 OPl::RATl~NS
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SOCIAL· L.EGISLATION 5AN- BEOA
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LAW C£NTRAUZED·BAROPERATIONS-
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3.. Where the claim for rembursernent Is made after 1 year from· the date o(confineme_nt (R-A. No.· 8282; Sec. 14).
. Funeral Benefits . The funeral grant is. the amount .gi~en to wh'omever pays the burial expenses of the deceased member or pen~ioner (SSS r;_uideb~ok (2917), p. 99). Note: ·Starting P..ugust 1, _2015, the amouht pf the . . funeral, grant· was- increased to a .var)able amount ranging from a minimum.. of P20,0,00. tc>" a maximum 'of P~o,ooo;_; depending on the 'member's' · pald contributions and credited -years of service (C.YS) _(S~S_"Gufdebook (~017); p. -99), ·· · · siekn.ess Bem~fits. . l.t is a·d~i!y·cash ailowance·paid for the number ·of: days a member is ui:ia.ble- to work: due to sickness or · injury ($SS :Guid_ebook (4017),' p. 40). .- · ·.
MEMORY'AID ::1019
SiiflEtEEIEMMI
· Maternity Leave Benefits . . A female member who has paid .at least 3 monthly contributions in.. 'the . 12-month period immediately . ·preceding the semester · of . her childblrth or. miscarriage shall· be ."paid a daily maternity .benefit . equivalent to 1 OQo/o. Of her average daily salary credit . for 60 days or 78 days: in .case of. caesarian dsllvery (R.A. Nq.:8.282,-S.ec. 14-A): ,
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. · Qu;litic~tions · tor:. irit1t1ement .. Maternity .Bc:1nefiJ: (M~N-P3) . . . · . . .. . · 1·... Thefemale membershouldbean-Saa Member; +Requlrements: ·(u4:P3-AN) ·.. 2_. . Shemust be ·gmployed at tlie time of delivery • .. A. member ls qualitied avail of this benefit if:. . . ,•: : -.: · . miscarriage or a~ortion; . . . .:". : . . . '. 1. ·. He: is !,!nable to work due· to slckness or"j_nj.1,1r:y_,,;.,...,;,-:~d_,~·She must have_ g!ven the r~qµired ~0~1f1ca\1on to and conflned either in a hospital ·~.r .~..t.-l:l'6"'~efo_r U· "' ~":t].1'1~~SS. !hru her employer; ~n.d 1• • least 4 days; _. . · . . P\..· ':"l!llr .eTo~J_eyer mus~ h~ve ~a1? ~t least ~ months. 2: He has·'e_i:iid at least imonth14>f~tr:ib~j_oi:is~~~..;:..-,,,;;_oJ1:1J.t~[litY.·CX?ntnbut1ons w1th_m the 1.2-_mon~ . within the 1.2-~ontn p~riq~ ~r{~if11'efy;8ef~~~-"" .1 · 'ilEll:!?'
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2019 SAN BFDA LAW-CENTRALIZED BAR _OPE.RATIONS.
SOCIAL 'L~-G'JSLATION .,
SAN lf£DA 1,AW CEN1:,lAL_IZWBAR OPERATIONS - MEMORY AID 20,"9
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N()n~Transferabii°ityof Benefit~. .the SSS shall promptly paythebenefitsprovlded to · persons entitled thereto in accordance with this Act, under the· following: conditions: (DFBI-MNL") .· 1. The SSS shallpay the retirement benefits on'the · day of contingency to qualified members .who have submitted the necessary ·Qocurrtents at least 6 months before; • · · "\. . The · 201.f!. DOl,.E Handbook-orJ-· Workers' Statutory 2. The beneficiary who is a national of a Foreign i:' ...·: . Benefits is NOT withinthe coverage of the 2019 Bar, . country' which does not ext~rid benefits. to. •· nonetheless, · for the purpose~ of uniformity,· the ·. Filipino beneficiary reslding in the Philippines, or t · Citations are updated to. the. 'tetest version: Rest essured. thet tne contents hereincited tromth«· 2019 which is not recoqnized by 'the. Philippines, shall . ~ DOLE Heruibcok is iM· same as those ·under-the · not be entitled to· recelve any benefit under .this version.. Act; . . . . .· ·:~.. 20.1.8 . 3. ,Where the: .!;!e$t [nterest of the sss ~Ill be .. \. Salary Loan . · , .· · . . served, the Commission may direct payments.' !t . is . a · loan privjlege _'granted by s~s . to· eligible. . . without rega.r9 to" . nationality or country of ·~, . · members to meet their. short-term .needs · (SSS . residence; . . . . . ·{ Guidebook (2017), p. 115), · . 4. · If. the recipient is a M-lnor or Incapable of 1. · administering his o-..m.-·affairs, the Comrnlssion {.. Persons Qu~lified: (EGADU) · ·. . . ,;"\(",.(\._ . s_hall _ . appoint . a · representati~e.... Such . ·1 .. All currently· .§mplo¥ed, c~rrently cont~1b1JJ~~v-, ."!~) ap~.o!ntm_ent shall not be ~ecessary !n c:.:\~e the n. :·,se\f-emp~oyed _or voluntary mem~er. · . ·. f!.l:: ':·:;} ·. recipient rs under the custody of,or._hvrng.wrth t_he·. ~ ·· a. For a .t-rnonth loa_n, the mernber-~9rr~fr[:;,',.,.;,~-,1~J?i:lrent~j>f ~pouse of the member__,n whrch case -''.° ..•. · · m1,1st have 36 posted mon.thly contnl;l!..(\Jon~f-'J!,1~:i:..'..;.}he.-9,en~fltsshall b~ .paid to su.ch parent~ ·.or .· 6 of which ·should.· be within··Jhe_;)lst ·12','./' f ( sp'6use'!?"las· · representative payee .. of the . months prior. to., the . montta(J1'if".filing i;,f.\J< recipientf)'~ . . . . . . .. . . '· ~-; appllcatiort · · : '. ·.·\f;,jf. · ),';-:rtl 5. Such b~net\Js.are Ncit transferable and. no power b> _. For a .2-month loar.r." .t~e· ~.t~#lb~;,B~tfQwe.r · i'.~ of att9"¥n~~.o~oth~r document ex~cuted by \hose ~-. : must have 72 pos_ter;i .COl')_,t_ri-150,ti~n~~-l ~\ entit!tld_t~ere~~ i? favor of any ag:nl, c1ttprhey or .6 · of wh_lch .should. '!i>e~..,,,th,~h-:_e.· last· 1 ?'\. anY,l'qt~etyer~on for the collectron ·thereof on . mon!hs._-''pri~r ·10 tt$' ,.1nio~h ,i;H~:jilin!J{;i9f_· · 1;,;1 , 0a1~~~~_!pbe recognized, .except when ... api:ihcallon. ·· '. '. :-,.,~ P_2,~'f) ·. f'-.. . \~ .. Vil. tht::y·a·£¢,,J;ltiysically unable to collect per.sonally. 2. Jh_e,rr:,em!l.er~borrowerh_as·pot')':~b'.eer{~ran,te,<;I·:: ~.tr su~h bene~ts; · · . . fin~I SSS ber,ef!t.(i.e. tota! f?e~ri:ia9ent·.~.~s~bilify,_ .\~;,...-?,,--,hi c_~se of· deal~ bene_fils_. if·_-no benefjciary, . · rebreme~t•. or- death)... ~owever, rff~a;it-'benefit__.-;/,..,,.',-!( f1q1:1a-'.\f.Les und~r this APt, s~1d · benefits shall be ~. was cancellea · due ' to re-ern:qioyment1:'or_.;~-~..:'.'..l:laiiH6~-the Legal heirs in accordance· with· the reco.vetyfrom di~abitity, the friem~tJ-shali;,iag~in . . . .. law·of succession.(R.A, No. 8282, Sec: 15). . ~be quali.fied,.subject to the ter~s-an'c:lt-QH.\"S!!Jibns.. . . . · . · · : . ·. · . . ._fir; 3., · The.member-borrower must be under 65 years·. · Dµtr.es·Qf.the Employ.er:(Pay-DR2 l<:AN) . ·· . · , ~:· . . or Age at_!he.lime\~f appltC?tiOri. · . . .. ·. . ·. . 1 ... Pay ~mpJoye_r.'s?O.ntij~ution in acoorclari~e with Ej· 4. ··The-.member-bc;>rrowerh.as not been Disqualified . the sc.hedule pr.ovided in this Act (R.A, No. 8282, ·due-to frr;tud·cornfr1it~ed:agaihsl'the SSS:. : St;{C.' 19-(a)}; . . :. . . . . : .. ·. 5. ·. Th.e. -~R 'of ttie member-borrower must·· be.". 2..· To Qed.uct'and to remit ernploy.ees'.conlributions . •.. ·. !,!~ated. {n th~ paymehf.0f· ~mployees' SSS.· . ·(R.A. No; '8?82, Sec.· 22 (a));.· · · · .. · ;i ·contributioh!3· · and. lo~r'i · remittances. (SSS 3.- ~ ,Beqµire, as a cqndition to. ·employment, Uie ffi_.:: . ·Guidebook (20.1i), p. 115): · · ·. · . · · presenta!ion.of a registration r1um1;>e_r seeured l'>Y. · ~ . . . .. . . . the. prospectjye employe~. from, the SSS ·in , LQanable Amount" · . . . · · ·accordance. with such, prqced\.rre as 'tiie ·s$S A 1-montti salary loan is ·aq~ivalent to .the· av.e'rag·e·· . may.adopt (R.A. No. '828?, Sec: 24 (e));·. ·. - . of·the.member-borrower's latest 1-2 Mont~ly_ Salary · 4. lmme
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2~nionth salary Joan.· is -eq'u.ivale.rit.to twice th~ ..... av.e~age the. member~b6rrower's. latest posted l' · MSCs, roufided to the next higher MSC, or.· the \.~ .· am"ounr appiied for, whichever is" IO~er. bu~ n_ot to /:· exceed P24,000 (SSS Guidebook (2017), pp. 115-. 116). · · · · · .
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{R.A·;· f:1.0. a.282, Seq. ·24· ·
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_!Se~p true and accurate work· records for such period and containing .such· information as.:the . · · ·commission may prescribe (RA. No. 82(12, sec. ,· 24 °(b}); .· . · · - · ·. ·
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LAW cer,ffRALIZED ~AR OPERATIONS 1 . ..
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·SOCIAL LEGl,SLATl:ON SA_N (}!DA LA~ CENfRAµZED BAR OPERAT/ONS ·- MEMOR._Y·AID 2019
·s. ~dvance . the full_ payfl)ents of ~h~· · maternity
Remedies · for
. leave benefits within 30 days from the filing of · ,:the mat13mity·leave applic.~tion (R.A. No. 8_282, :Sec, 14.(b)J;·afld · 1. J:!qtify .the ~s'$ ot the confinement within s . ·calendar days after receipt of the ·notification ·. '·, · from .the· employee member (R.A. No. · 8282, Sec. 14 (c)).
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·i~ · The employer sha.H. pay to the SSS .Qa.mages for .... .. . . . · .
to
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SSS in the. same manner as taxes are made collectible under the N,ational lnternalRevenue Code (R._A. No. 8282, Sec. 22, par. (b)); . · · . 2. By an Action in court by the Commission, which shalt hear and olspose of the. case in preference to any other-civil action- (R.A.- No. 8282-& .R.A. No: 1-11-9,9, .sec. 22, par. (c) (1)); and : 3. _~By issuing a Warran.t ~o )he Sheriff of any province .or city cornmaridlnq him to levy upon . and sell ·.any real, and personal property '·of the . debtar. .-The She'riffs' sale ·:)Jy. virtue of 'sald . :y.rarrant. shall b.e governed .bY fl;le . same· procedure prescribed for executions · against .. property. upon ·ju~gml;ints by. a. court· of record (R.A. No. B282i Sec. 22,: par. (c:.)(2)): ·
.: Liabilities of the Employer: (PD) . . · · 1.. -P~y a fenal~y thereon of 3% per month from the the contribution falls due until paid, for his failure 'to deduct 'and remit contributions (R.A. : N6>a2a_2,.'sec. ·22.(a));
Failure.
Contributlon; (<;;AWJ. .· 1. If shall be .Q.ollected by the
his failure. t~' remit the· required contributions, Qr tor ·.his failure to report on matters required upon hlrn., 9dor.·his misrepresentation of the true date . of ~mploymentof.the employee member; · ·, _.~- . . - ,. . · . . · ·--~~ '· · 1f 1. ~~eilrt1~~ns.fromT~; '-:~g~I P~ocess, and_L,enNote; ::fhe. ngh~_of the ~mploy,ee tOflP~!·t~i:the }_1··-q\~e~:S~~andall its assets a_nd p~ol:_lert1~s_,.,a11· necessary actio_n against th~~Rl9~ef>._,i).o.:::===--""-""'-~Q.o.nt~1;»t10_~ c_oll~cted and all_ accruals thereto refuses or neglects to remit cop~b.utidpsmay.be . ar:icl 1hcome,ir-.1nvestment-eamingstherefrom as commenced \Nithin 20 yeari frd~.tl:!e"tia:i&'t!Ye"' ...'?;;.,..;,,,,""~~~~al(~pplies, · equipment, papers, 'or. delinquency is known orJ';t@-·;i{.!!~s~fu~n.t1~. "ir' ,·;;;· .docvm-e.[t~;::,il,)alibe exempt from' any tax,. -made- by the. sss, __or rrofo. thi-~!tneth~ b~n~fit ~>\\. .ass ssm~pt, fe,ff:,-'~charge, .or :customs. or import ac~ru.e.s,_.as.. the· case mh..:.~!l,_;phe ·pr~~E!:!e!.l~~,t'':1,f'''\ __ d,ut!'~and :\ (ff ) , . · . penod,does·not comme,rce.,wh~n-tt:ie 6bligation 2. 1>.rr 1.'.>,enefit f?.aY.,ffi;~ ts m?de by the SSS shall to p~y tt\e Pt:~milJmS acru~(:l.J{~· v.. c~.\G.R~:?i·ij~ t-("""'~Jik~~-iseb~ iitem~t1 .rom'all kind~ o~ ta~es·, fees, . . 128~67; December 17, ,19f).9)! . \'. ·. r,;J. or fCharge~ri~an1 ~ ~hall. ·not be hable to· b':.....1:-/. aft.;i·[email protected]:ents~ga,rnishments', lev~\·or seizure by .An emplt>yer w.ho·fails to r~~o:rrfjis e ,, I)~'. ~e .f<;>f)Ji' I ')"""'~.ofl'.bl®~r fahlJ.
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'SAN BEDA ~W CENTRALIZEp. BAR OP~RATIONS.- MEMORYAJD,2019 '· · &IE a see -ia
Jurisd;ctipn ... Covered
Gornparison .. between· R,A: 8282 as amended and, R.A. No. 1f199
·f . Cases
;i~· -Any dispute . arising under · this Act shall be .· · \ · · cognizable by· the Social Security Commission· · ::· (SSC), such as with respect to: (CB-CPA) . £6verage;.. ·
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Contribu,tions; 4. eenalty; and . . 5.. ~ny matters related thereto (R.A. No. ·S2.B2,.sec:. .5 (a)).: Procedure
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. · Fi°lipinos r~cruited· .. by- Coverage . ln.. the ·. $SS ·foreign-bas.ed· .; . -. 'sh~II be . compulsory · employers · · for- upon ·all sea-based and employment .. abroad :1and~ba~ect · . · .. or=w; may· be covereg by the provlded . that . the'y . are · SSS· OR·. a voluntary not over 60 years of agE! basis .. (R.,A. ·No. 8282, (R:A No .. 11199, Sec.' 9- .
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Filing; determination, and settlement of disputes : . . shall be' goyer'ned 'by the rules and regul,ation_s &~~~~: prornulqatedby the cor'nmission.(~..'A. No. _8282, · . ..Sec:5 (a)); . · , · ' · 2. Shall be heard by: · · . a·.. ·The commission; . ·None· b. Any ofits members; or. . .. · . · · · · /.") : · c. H~arl_~g . officers. dtfly authonz_ed .by comrrussion (R:A.. No. 8282, Sec.. 5 (a)),~'·' ·i,'! .
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· · ... An . a'dditional. '.moC1thly . ben~fit ·. . allowance ·amounting to P1, .000 ~hall be·· given t6' all retirernent, death ·aAd disa_bility. ·.. · pensioners. receiving. monthly pensions. ih or after . /an'uary 2017 (R.A. No. 11199,:sec. ·12.(c)): .. . ..
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.P: member .,;.h~ is· NOT over 60 yea.rs:of ag13 ~rid has ·paid · 36 months' · contributior.is,1-2° moriths . pf, w.hlchshoul~ be-in the . 18-,month · . ·. period im_rnedi~t~ly . preceding . the .. . involuntary .. unemployment . oi- . ~.e_paratibn;shall'°be paid. benefits in· the· form 'of- . ,monthly' payments . eq.uiv~len.t.to 50%. of ~he. . . Afy1?C for ma~_im~m of'2 . ·.- mon.ths (R.A...No.. 1.11!(!9,·
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to 'emrifoyer. The· . · . -,d~linquent snail . pay · a ·
The emp_h;,ye~is 'liable pay a. penalty of 3.%,per month from the date the coritribl,itiQn. ·falls due until ,p;:iid;· f~r his· f~ilure to dedu~t and remit contribu.tions· (R.A. No. 8282, Seq.· 22 (a)):
2019
SAN SEDA .
LAW CENTRALIZED ' . . . ~·':·=.·
P.enalty 'of 2% 'pf)r mqpth ·. frofri . ·the·. date . ·the · .contribution . falls d.ue until paid (R.A. .No. 11199, Sec. 22 (a)), · '
BAR OPERATIONS . .·.
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SOC.IA.L ·LEGISLATION SAN 8£DA LAW C£NTIW.IZ£08AR
QPERAftONS - ME.Mf!RY AID 2019 .\
2.
GOVER~MhNT SERVl~E ]NSURAN:C;E SYSTEM
(R.·A. No. 82·9:1) 3. Coverage · · ; .. Alf gove~nment.. 'personn"el; .whether ele~tive. or ·appointi\t"e, irrespe_ctive of ~tatus· of appointment! ' providecl . they . .a.re .. receiving· fixed ..· m_of!!hly . compensation· and .hav~ hot reached:the mandatory . retirement"age of 65 years·, are. con:ipulsorily-covered· as members- Of the GSIS (/RR· c,f R.A. No. 8291, ~u/e 11; .Sec: 2.1 ): . =
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Members of the-Arm.ed ForC$S of the Philippines (AFP), subject to· the condition that they must settle first their financial obligation with·· the GSIS· Contractuals who have,no employer and empl~y~e relationship_ wfth ~e agencies they serve; .. Uniformed personnel . of · the :§.weau of. Fire Protectkin (~FP); · . , Uniform.eel pers.onnel . of the §:ureau · of· Jail • Management and. Penology (BJMP); . . . ._. · §arangay and Sanggunian 0.fficials who are nol r~ceiving ·fixed m~mthly compensa~jon; and .' . ·gmployees. who do not ha_ve montl'ily reguJai hours.' of work· and are. ··not receiving· fi?(ec m.onthly :compensation (/RR of R.A No. 82_91, Rufe ·1l
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.. N9te: · Emplqye~s · wh~. 're~ctied the: :mandatory ·. ·scope of Be~efits. . · . · · . · : · retlrementaqeof 69 shall· becornpulsorlly covered ~ . General Rule: All members ofthe GSIS shall have and required to pay -~oth. ljfe. a11~ ,re~;~~t~:··-:=l[re-:.;-J~rance,retirement, ~nd-· .c:11 _othe:. 'soc!a premiums under the f.oll9~mg sltuattons: ~5·ec'\.Jricy)}r~~ectionssuch .as d1sabihty, survivorship 1. A,n elective cif!iciaf who ~t the timJ:~·~J::ct;f~o--=,,.;.. ~e'6~ati~]i.)nS unemployment· benefits (R.A No public office is.~e!ow 65 years 9~,!lg~"a~~1t0,,e- - ~~.§fi.'a:"3,fia""-2). · :: · · . . . ·. . 65 yearsor more·at t/1!3 end 9fr6~)~[~~Qf·offl5~__..,.......,,#"'=• .. -~~:~-· ~> ~ , . . _ .: . . . .includlnq th_e perio,d/~:of_l}i~/e-1~i_~ti~l'l~~j')Ell511c. ~~=- ~~cep.tlot;t~'-'~it~f3._r.rs_ . of , _the Jud_1c1ary al~if-~ . office thereafter without [email protected]~j.,'(.an.~: · TP-> )/( "~}mstiti.?i1on~~'6&m~!ssions· sh.all.·. have ., 2. Appointive offici~ls _.~ho/befo1/,!;,ac'hing. tti_e f~~- :1),su~a.nc.~ oril~(B.!f'ff·8291, ?ec. 3, par. 2). , · mandatory _.'age ,-. of 6~~~~/r. appolpJed· tu~¢ ·. ~ · \\ljl · government poslflon byk~.~1:1ris1denq:md~~Lt:J.· · --~j~~.sesjo.f .iyie,'1?1?-ersh'\P· .. .. . . . ··.remain in 9.ovemmept_s~ry~at age b~yo·n.~"tt;s_,,::i. .. l~' 1~·Re9~!<;1r M~~,_,ber~lare_th_ose.7mploy~~ byt/1< · · (/RR ot R:A. 8?91,' ~ul~/-se_c .. 2.-.2)... ~:- :;g-, .....~""'irl _·gov~!l, -~~~~,orjn'.~ repub!I~ of t~e, P:hih_~~l~es ¥:\,,.;.::_;~..;-~-c:-..,._,.oi:.J~~"?fleg~~l~~god1e.s/=i~C:~_s·.~i~ ?n~ma . Contractuat amplo)l9•• oncl'1!JJAW,'!.•ua'f ~t~nriljf cfla ,!;/n, :.JOv,;r,p~~ant financo~I . lristitutiom employees with ·an empJoy~~gove"\nme~;,~ncy,-ru:~.!l!.,.;(t.,r":1~1sj. e1-,cept .\Jrnformcd pcrsohnel · of the . .. i'_elations~iP..afe.·aJso comp~_IS~flly cov~eq,f>~,~-d ~rC?~:o~'{hePhilippJ_ne~. the _Philippine tt,ey_ are· rece1~mg ~~ed mon!H1¥ comp~nsatlor;fil~~::_y·~t1orisfl'?9.l_1c.e,)3urea.u of Jail Man.~gemeht ~n_r . rendeli~g-the required_ number of work1~~iir~r'f~~~9,c:iloi;iy"(BJ,f>'!I?) ar:i?. ~ureau of Fir~· P;ot_e_cti91 , "the month (/RR.of RA: No. 8291~/e 19,~Co.:..~-:-:= --=·=fB'=e),\~.b~re: r~quir.ed by law to te.m_it reQufa · .· · . .- .. · ·· ~•. ,<('._Y/l ~~·rolntp~tpontribulio·nsto the·.Gs1s.-· ....... · .. .. . Re~~otl_ .f<:>r : t_he . C.om~ulsory . Ret1_~~~v!.[of 'Mem!Jers·. · -. · are . consi1t~il?nc Go_vern.'l'!entEmpl~yee. ·· .... · ; , ~~,.; . . . ~ ..-e-6fnmissibners..! members· of the ju~.1~iar~ Iris fou'nd.ed on pubhc_pohcy .which ai111s ·to main~~ including those with equivalMt ranks, _who- ar, efficien¢y in_the go_vE:mn;E:nt ~e'Y;i~·ant! ·at the ·saQ1e . .' . req!,Jired 'by law .. to. 'remit..: regular_... month_! · time giv~ ·_- to the , rE:,timm .publ1_c ~erva'nts ,,h~· . · contributions for. life insuran~. pb!icies t9 ttii · opportl.i!')i~y to enj~_Y. during_·the ·reni~mcj_er o~ the~r GSiS ln order to answer.for their. lifeJri.suranc, .. lives the ·re~or:nperi_se,. _inad_equat~ l?e"l'~a_p~ f?~ their . ben~tiis defiAed ~l']der R·.A.".·No. 8~fh (/RR. c . · long service al}d.devotlon·tq the g~wernm.e,nt,.in_ the . R.A. No. 8291, Rule If Sec .. 2.4.1).· ' form "ot ·comparativ.efyeasier ._life, freed ,from ·the . ·: · .rigg~s .~f .civfl ·serVice disciplir:ie:-~nd tne ~x~icttn? · :Statu.s ~f Me;,..!Je-!ship -': . .- ... · ·.· . ·.. . .· · · oerri ands .that the· nature _of t_he1r. wqrk and -their · 1. ·: Active. member - ~efers· to· a mE'.lmbe~ of th .. ."relations .with. theft 'superiors· as ~ell 'as ttie. pU~lic' GSIS, whether regular or special, wlw ii stiU i w.ould inipps~ upo.n the.111, (Betoni/1~· v: -GS/S, 'G.R. . the· ·goven:ii:nent service. and .together wi~l:l th No.· L-1.1723.Novefn~er'26, 1970). . ., .. . . gov~_rnme'nf ag~ncy. to' which ~~ ·oelongs·, i req~ired tci pay "tne r.n.orithly contribution.: .. . . . Exce.ptl9n~ _:to the Co~p.~J.soiy Cov'7ra~e:_· (PAC!' 2. Inactive T{lem.~e~- a m~mbe:rwho js s~par~~e B3E) . ·. · . ·: .. .. . .,·. . . from tbe service · either · by· resignatior t. · Members·. of· the.' fhilippine: National Police · retiremint, disabilfty, dismi~sal froi:n·the.Servi.Cf (PNP), subject ':to tl:!e' condition. th~t th$y must retrenchment or, who is deemed retired from th setue first their financial obligation·. with the service· tJnder this.Act (!BR qf _R.A. ,No; 82Q· GSIS; . . .. .
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2019 SAN.BEDA,l,A~
CEN:RALIZED BAR OPERATIONS
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SAN EiEDA IA~ CENTR~_LIZED·BAR OPERATIONS - MEMOR'f AID-:toi9
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. f', The effective date of..membe'rship shall be the date :'[> of the member's assumption to duty on his original ~~- appointment or election to publicofflce (!RR of R.f,. .{ No. _8291_. RULE.fl,Sec. 5). . · .. ·
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contiilgeiJcy includes: (SRD2) . 1. §e.paration from the service; .2. '.!~e.tirement: . 3, Qeath; or , · 4. Qi~abjiity (!RR of·R.A: No.. 8291, Rule'], Sec. .
{ .. Effect of Separation from Serv(ce . to be a member . -and . ~ .. The . . member 'shall- continue . ii, ·: .. entitled to whatever benefits he has qualified .to in 'Y/. 'the. e~ent:'?hiny contingency compensable under : Ji: . this Act (R.A. No .. 8291, Sec: 4). .. , · ~-~ . . . . . . { · · Note: 'Ihis ls.without prejudice to the application of / ttie Limited'P.ortabilityLaw (R.A. No, 7699).
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Disability. is any loss: or impairment of the normal functions· of the physieal and/or. mental faculty of a member, . which .. reduces' .or . elirntnates his/her capacity to .. continue . with· his/her current -gainful occupation pr- eng~ge in any other· gainful. occupation (R:A. No.. 8'2,91, Sec. 2(q); !RR .ot R.A. No. 8291, Rule 1; Seo.·1.2.0), ·· · ·
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.Deflrrltlons. . . . . · Total. ·Disability is···itie. c6~plere lncapacity to The Emp'loyi{inctudes the national goverr)ment, its' ·· conunuewtth'present employment-or engage in any political subdlvlslons. : branches,', ag~ndes or . gainful occupation due to the loss 'or impairment of instrumentalities . including GOG Cs · and financial . · tbe normal: functions of the physical _and/qr mental institutions wltn original .charters, .theConstltutfona! · _..{':). _fac,ult!es.pf the 'member (R.A.No. §1291, Sec: 2 (r)). Ccrnmlssiohs.and the Judic1ary (RA. No -. 8291, S~_i:}J,?1.,i . · · . · . · :· .. · .. · ·2(c)) ... ·,. · -. · ··.. .. . .: . ·. .: _P.er~an_ehtTotal-Dis~bm~.~ccrl.lesora.rise~'.wh~n .' · · . ,· · ..' . .· -. . · tf,.;;:,:':i.,1;,~1· recoylc'lry. from. the impairment or .·d1sab1hty· 1s The Ernp!?ye~~l\t!e~ber rs.. any pers.o~ recel)'Jf}~;/:.r''.·'f~{?:~,e1callyr~mote (FfA: No. ~291, _Sec. 2(s)). . c9Q:1pensation w~1l.e, m the s_erv.1ce of_ ~n. e~pjPYe-!J,~~;·1.·1.-:;.:.;!......·,..:~~1,Sf!~r .: . _. . . · ... : . ~vliether.by election or-appointment, 1rr_§isp,,-ective of;'l !:J ' Temp·orary1i' ·.,_ ;-W'-7 t~:1 . 1'. · The' legitimate ·-spouse d~rtaj:ldelilt?-for·support"-· ~1~ Pcrrri;:ujent :P.artilltl 'Disability siccrues. · or mises .. . tipqn the' i:n~mber or- peniiiQtrerf'~:-:::t;). ·'~~~- .::::.~ . ur.nnt.l~~r.1fiij'(a6~9ss9r impairment_ of 'certain 2..: .: The 1egit1mate •.. 1egit1mat~cJ"" 1ega!1yfi~_dopt~ . portion1i;\:ol'1-tte.~1Wsica.1t~~utties. _despite .~hich the ... Qhild, including th!:} illegitimate@_l}iLd/wh'q is;· j.. . ,:nen-:iber is able ,o purs,ue a gainful occupa,tion'(R.A. a.' Unmarried,· not.g~infully err.iii!l9y~d.~pt ovet i·~t.,,.;N.g~18~91, Sec. Z(u)):· . ·.. . . ·. · · · : ·. _t_h~ age ?f majority; or . '>~~;/ . · __.;1)·,~-!-~~iffi'D.-, · · · . · . · · · . '· b. Is over th.e ag1;i of majo~ity buti,~·capaci!a.leit~...: ~:!~Ben:efits:<'{NISUR-P2TS-FuLL) arid ..lncapable·; of ~elf-suppoi due{,·id a · ·1. ~Monthly Pe·nsion{ _ . .. .· . . . . mental ·or p_hy~ical (lefect acqui~~or to ' 2,. · §eparation Benefits . , . . · - . . . .. ag~ of majority;.. · ·· 3. - . !J.nernployment or'·· Involuntary .. Separation ·3_ Parents dependent · upon · the member · for" : ·senefits · · · . . . , support (R.it No. 82~1,: Sec. ·2 ff)).. . . 4 .. .Betfrement ~enefil!:1. . · · · .. 5 .. _fermarient T9t~} pisapility.f?enefits. -Pri~ary.Beneficiary ln.cludes the iegal depend.~jit ferJ'T'!MentPa~1al D)sability:B.enefits .spQusa· .4ntil he/she ·rem.qr:rie.s and the- depender=it·. 7:- Ieooporary Total Disability· Benefits :.children. (R.A: No. 8291, -Sec: 2. (g)j.. · · .. : ·· . 8,: .§urviv¢,r~hip Benefit$: ~ .. ' : .· ·: . · · ·. ·. .>.. ·... ' . . . , •.... ·. · .. •.. . · · . . . 9. Funeral Senefits· .. . :- .· .-. -~econ~aty Beneficiary includes the .dependent_ 10. Lif!HrisLirarice Benefits · parents·. arid; .. S\lbje~t to the. restriGtions on· the· . ' ·11 .. :i:oan ·Gr.ants. ' dependent children', the fegitimate descen'danfa . 'Monthly Peilsion: · ·. · {R.A. No. 8291-; $ec . .' ?(h)). · : .. ' ·. :. · · · · .. Jt is equal to : . ' . . 1. 37.5% ·of. the ·re-valued average . mo.nthly corilpen~atlon·is ;t~e b~siti'.°pay or ~alarf received' . ·compensati_on; P.11.!S . . . . by·, ·. an' . employee,.. pu,rsua_nr ·. to . . his 2. . 2:5% of . s.aid re'"'.Valued · average .monthly · e'lectlon/appoii:itment, ... exdudfng _ per : di£ims, · . compensati9n for ·eacfi yec1rof Sel"\'.i.ce-·in exces~. ·bon0s~s. overtime pay, Moi:ioraria, allowances and of ·15 years p'rovided that · the ba$iC monthly any other emol.uments 'received ih addition. to t.tie . p~nslon shall"' not exceed 90~ of the average basic. pc1y.whlch·are not i,ntegrated inti;> the bc;1si6 pay · m~mthly compensation (R.A No. ·8291, Sec. _9). und.er exi~ting l~ws (R.A. No:, 8~91,. S.ec:. 2(i)). · . ·
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I · _289
SOCIAL LEGI-SLA TION . SAt:J.BEDA L(IWCENTRAL}ZED BM-OPERATIONS -MEMORYA1q2019·
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Cash payment of· 100% of : average · · monthly . compensaticm · for. each · year of service . (so . essentially_.., :.. tl1e total amount of ·all -contribution~ :paid) . or · P12, 000. : Whichev_er is higher.-:· · · ·
90 years of age or $ep1:1rated . . from service with. at least 3 years ·but. not over 15 . years of service
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"Bel.ow 60,years of.age Cash. p~ym~nt ·equivalen}. but at .leasf15 years _to 1.8x (m9nthly pension)'c;!t ." service . the tirne of- resig_nation· or . separation plus an oid-age · perrsion beriefit equal to .basJc;;·montfily_pensl_on....
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. . · Note.:_ A member separ;3t~d from. the service shall continue to be a member and shall ~e ·entitled to . .w.hatever benefits" he· tias qualified to. in the event cif any contingency· c;ompensable""under this·,Act. (R.A. No: B?-91, Sec.,, 4). ·· · . .
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(RA_. No. 8291, Sec. 11).
Proc~siing 'of Separation Benefits of Me.mbers '. whodied while their claims are being processed If the member dies cturing the pend ency of his claim for separation benefit and ne· has rendered at leas! · 1 $ yearsof creditable service, his Jegal heirs shall be. 'entitled ·to "receive cash payment equivalent Jo 1.8 · times the· basic monthly pension; plus accrued. Basic . .-Mo.nthly Compensation, -if any, ·up :to. the ·aate_ of -, . death of the. 'member. Thereafter, the primary benetic:iaries'shall be entitled to survivorship pension . (IRR'q_h:i.A. No.·829-1, -S.ec. 21.4.1) ..
Note: Th~ basic_ ~(,>n.lhltP!3nSi?n.may be_j!.djus&fcf1n"1ii~erober dies duri9g the p~~denc/of.hi~ "claim . upon the recommendation .of. the ~a_enb-.G'!nd_\\..) ~drsepar~lil:.-.eenefitandhe has rendered less than General" Manager o!·~he_ GSI~ and ~pr{v~v~,..E;~-;:,.""-=::s:.15!.Y./arsle,f,&e~~ble service, hi7 legal heirs shall be President of the Philippines '". _a~;~oan~~(i-1: t_he. _ ___. e'ntitlet:1{0~, ~.t;i. .,"flayment. eqwvalent _to 100% of rules and requlations j:)res~f!_!Jed'~~J}Jl~b~-SISt1E-A'v1:frage ~ ·, 6_p.thl~,.~o'!'pe_nsation for each year of -Provlded; . . t'~ .'ID) ·Jf'·"Cre<;1ital:fles ~Jt~titnotlesstharrP1.2,000(/RRqf · . 1_. _The basic r:n~nthly p~p~i~~»tilln,~ bt: leliS.,: Jlfu; /f?':A._No\829~'\Seq..:..2\4.2). · · than P:1,300, and If.. . . g . R · ;,,.. . ~- · -~ . . . ~ (,# .l u · • -, 2: The- basic tnof'.lth1y.lpe'l$~01_f~r t_~~ir::wtt . . :_.:~ip1>J~ym~Q\~v?luntarySeparation · _ . hA.VP. mnciP.rn.rl At_ P.A~S . S~Pl1$P.;r- "J'.""'<. . 8~1:icf1_t$' . ·. . i\" . . l ~ ,. . · '. · . . after'°the:"efte~tiyity of_l~$. Act·_Sh? I_ not &~~j;.i>nditi_lms;. tl l==j )l . . .· . · .. , less than P2,:4-00 :a1m0Q!, (R. .. 1JA_ was_·~~pkr~~nent employee a_t th,e . · · S~G- 9(b)).· .\\ ~"' · · ~~\'\. · _t1m;,t~sep»\~~0rl;K · . : · . . . . .. - . . . · . · ()) ,, \:' :(),\ ~/~l,l,.J l~~~· q{'p)efyee·-,s·mv~#it~ry separated frorn s~~!ce . S~pa~alion _Be~efit~ : \. · . . . :<-'tp~ ~: ~~~vto·tlfe. ~bo~~9~-:"of .h.is _offi~e- or . position · l_t shall consist of:. . . \_ · . 6.: · . -~ .1 ·,·;,;;;,_.,J/ -~. :ually/esulting«ro.mreorgarnza_t,on: <\Ind ... · L ·_ca$h payment _equivalen~~t~. 10 .-Yo_. P :~~~b e·!Y1's.Qaen r:>,.fying integF~tt3.dcontributio~s for . _av~rage m.or:it~ly CC?tn_pei:i_sati_e..nfor e_af.:h~Y~~1ENJ.~~"fra~t1<" ~effr:but .less t_han ~ 5 years prior to · .. se~ice he paid ~ontn1:>at1ons, ~~-n~~/)lha~~ ~~~lio._!jl?fk.A:·No.~291, Sec. 12) · .. . P!?,0.00;; · . ~ . ,: . ~""'-
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~onditio'ns":. .. . ·,: • . ·. • ·.· I .'"'.'-~""."'c:i-=.:,;.==wr~ihly.cash~~ymen'ts'of ~0%.of average mcil)thly .. a. Payable _upon.reach!og the, age ~f·6? Y~_ars;- · · . : .. 9o!'iipei:isati9nfor a.dLirc)~ior:,; whicf:!- is prop~rtional to: . or . ; . . .. . - .. ·.:: ·... . :_ . y,e~rs r.e_n.d~~ed, rcin$ing from,2 mi;>nths fo 6 months ,· .t:i; Up1;m .. ~ep.arat10.n:. wh1_ch.ev,~r.comes later<-,. (R.A. No.:829J,.See;:12).. .·. / . · .. · · ·. and· · · ·· . . · · · · · · · ' · 6. ·... Prov.icfed.he. has ·rendered at i"E;Jas.t 3 _"years, · e;M-' ~.·!·:;°lf'neropoy,m~n· .,i:·1<.·, t'1 ·,-.,,\, :·;,:H;~j. .,,.·t·:, e e1s 1s'~'\:j~'j'· o. e ue,:·-;~. · put less than" 1.5 years of ser:vic._e; ... : .. •~ •·:\ ..--.~~. ~"i'f .. ·; ._... / -:.-. '~.··-:=(~,-:. -,-. ··=- <;7l.~f.;-:··~... J;J,! ...t •• ·:_, ...,.:._:~:. •:- \.:.~~1l ~ . .. . . . .. . . \_ : . : . "'. '1.!,;'c ;:'.··~Bei:\efitpiJiiiiJon:l ·~~. :.r.a:t,.,, ··;",.,.. . ~ ... ,.l\ ,•. ~ •• · ... ~..., .. ,. \ 'J .: • --~·,:• •• \.-.~- ~,......... 2. Or· Ca.sh payment e·quivalent. to .18-··ti_m_E;ls his I · f \iear.-but·l~ss -th_ari 3_ y¢a·r_s•:·_, . 2 months , .. basic monthly p.ensiori ·at tl'le.tirrie. bf resignation_ .. or Sep9ration;"pfus· ~h .. Old-agE(pension. ben~fit, . 3 or more·y~ar~ -but ,~ss . 3 r:nontii's _·· . eq·u.al to the· basic-monthly.pension. · , , , ·· · · th.arr 6 year$·. ·• . • ·
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Conditions:.,_· . . . . . ., - a. Payab.le monthfy.. upoh re_aqhing· the· age of ·6Q¥ears; · · .··. · ·, · .· · . . .. ··, b.. He bas re~igned"or.~eparated frolJl service; and:, .·. . . : c. Has rendered. at least.-15 years of service °(R.A. No. 8291, S~c. 11): · ·~ . ·. . · ~ : . .
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6 ·or m.6re years but less . _t.han 9. years·
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9 cir !)'lore years but less· .. : th·an 11 y.ears ..
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11 or niQre year$ but less. :. _than 15 years' . ' · . · . .(R.A. f:,lo .. 8291, ~ec. 12)..
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Retlrement Benefit~ without nolice· and opportunity be het,1rd (GSJS v. · Retlrarnent.beneflt shatl-be.etther: . de Leon, G.R. No. 186560, November 17, ·2010). 1. Five-year lump sum pciyment equivalent to 60 months' of .basic monthly pa'y;· 'payable upon Effect of Re-~mployment retirement plus . an old7ag·e perision benefit When a retired/separated member is re-employed.or ,.,., payable monthly for life,'starting on 'the tst day reinstated in the service, hisiher previous·service:;; I, ,;.' ',. . of the· month following the expiratlonof the 5, . credited at the tinie of tiis/her retire'menUseparation ( .. :.: year' guar~!'nt~ed. period- covered ·by the. lump· for. ·which a co'rresponding · benefit had been ii( sum.-or · ·awarded, shall b'e· excluded in the ·computation 'ot ·, 2. . Cash.payment equivalent to 1'8 months of his . · service: In effeci. he/she shall be con'sidered a new· ·., basic.monthly pension.plus monthly'pension for entrant (/RR o; R.A. No. 8291, RULE 1v:. Sec ... *.:· 20.6._1). . lif~ · payable . immediately with no 5-year. guaranl~e .(R.A. No, 8291, $ec. 13). . . ' . . . ' . . Permanent'D,isability Benefits. ·.Conditions: . .. .. . , -General Conditions: (MN-1:fK)· · ~ .. He has rendered at _least 15" years bf service; · A member who suffers disabilify. not due to his: . · ·2. He is ··at. ·least 60 years of age at the time of. . .. · 1. · Grave Mis.conduct; . . . retirement: and: · . - : : . '. . 2. Notorious ~egligence; ' 3. _ He. is not .rE;!celving a 'monthly pension -, berieflt . ·3.. Habitual. Intoxication; .and .. ._ -frorn perm~r:ient total. disability_ (R-.A. /11._o. 829_7-,jf} 4. Willful intention to ,Kill himself or.another shallbe Sec-, 1.3-A). . . · · . . · .' · /" .. .J·l . entltleo permanent total disability beneftts (~.A. No.·8291, Sec. 15). · · . Note: .Retlrementls 'compulsory .upon reat::t,lirig''65,, · ··)~'~. . !;: - . years of aqewithat least) 5 years of service. :·';!,,)~!.'!~s· of.P/w1ianentDis~bility · , · he has rendered [ess than ~5 _y_ears of s·erv[G~-; Ii§;:· i\~~•.d:~_;:_:l?er;mqne?tTotal· Oisability; and · { may·b~. a!lo_~~d to.complete !he said 2. ~erm~nJptPa~ial Disa_t:iility. -. . . ·. .
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T~~ G$1S shall: ~ay th~__ retirement -~~~f~ts.. to Permane11f Disa~ility Benefits . · -. employee ,011 Jus · last ··;day;' of, ~Sft!~15:tf~t-i?'. the .. •;[. · Th~ men;lrertshl\~ receive: . · ·. ·- · · gov.emment: P;:ovjdec:j, tl)at aU4equitl;i~·ents·ar>3_ . 1. Mo11Jhly i~co111e benefit for life equal to the basic submitted .to ~he GSI.S withirl~r.easo'etable·penq_a~ 'F•·\. mo~thly.fFperi~ion .·provided 11:ie' ·following '{!RR ofR{t No. 829.1/ Sec. r:.::J . . ~.:;ftifti'e_t,effective frbr:n. the dat(;! .of . . . . . · . _. ~ .,...,.,_,~~, ". t~ . ,, • d1s~bi:Jit~.~ . . . ._ . . . -Retiremlj3n.t benefits ~iven,t«? ~o.ver~~rft:,eQjploye1~·: ·a:. ~e is!"' service at the.time_ ~f disability;,_ ._. _' 111 effect_reward them for g1vmgthet)'e.st;year;{'otth_eir· hL--,--.-b. If he 1s ~ep~rate.dfrom ~erv1ce; he has.paid · iivel? t~-the servic~ qt theircou,ntryiThi~'\~-<.es~ci~lly~-p-~w-·:,;.~;};,,~d1J,.l_east 36 monthly ·con~ibutions within the, true "."it~ those in gove~nment servi~·.,,9cc4gyftrg~t!...."1 ·":' ";-··5-year . p·ariod immediat~ly .Rreeecl.ing pbsitio.ns · of. leader.ship or positio~ reA.uiJ'ing. , · · ·· disability, or has paid a total ·ot at lei;\st.1 a:o rrian'agement skills qecause the years tlf~,'d?'16te to· ' · ·.monthly contributions prior to'the-disability; ·, . -·· . ... .• ~:.ti:,·~ . • . • . . ,gc;>Ver~me_nt-service could bf:! spent rii_ore profit~bly. c, · lfl:ie .is in service.-arid hal? paid a ~otal of.at_ . in h,Jcrative app~intments fn: the'·private' _sector.. In ·. rleast' 1 ~o· mc:int~ly cb_htributior,s. ·he · shall ~:,ccl;iange'for.thetr;selfless dedioa~ori to g6vernmeAt . receive ari addit(OA9I cash :pc;1yr:nen~ of 18 .· service,··. tney·.enjoy -security. of. tenure an,d ·a.re · time~ his basic rTI0!1f'11y.·pensioh; and. · ensured of a r.e~sonable amoun.t·of support afterd; .~Member -.caf1not enjoy monthly income they leave. 'th_e gqvernment. 'The'· basis· fo( lh_e· . b~hefit ·and -- · th~ old-,a'i:1e· retirement - · •. "provision ofre_tJrementberiefi_ts is, therefore., service simultaneoi.isly (R:A,.Nd. 8291, Sec.·16 (a)).· ..to g(>vernme~t (GSJS it. CSC; :G.f?. Nos. 9[!39'5 ;_ 4. Cash . payn:i~rit equivalent to 100% · of. _his ·10.244f;},._June 19, · 'ffJ95);-. . .. · : average monthly compensa.tion.Jor·each yet,1r of ' .. . . . . . . . · . service but not less tn~·n. P.1·2,000 pr~vlc;led the 'Be~effts: becom:e:~ Vested 'Right . . .. . . following conditions .are met . Where the en:iploye·e··~etfresancf me~(sJhe 'ellgibility-_ a .. Member.· do'es not satisfy ttie conditions. . requireinents,.he.-acquJres·a vesfod'-right td .benefits·. under the.p~eceding numbe'r; and · .. that is p.rotec_;ted by the .due process.clause, Retirees . , .. b. Has rendered at: least 3 years··o( service· at . ·.· enjoy·a prote·c.ted·prpperty· interest whenever th'ey . · · . · the time of di.sability (?.A. Nb. 8291., Sec. act1u'ir.e·.a; right 'tq' imm,edi~te payment ..undet pre~-- :· .. '.16(b)). . . exlst,ing Jaw .. Thu~;--a -pensioner acquires, vested .right to benents tfiat liaye becpme due -a~ provided .. u.ride.r·.the terms of the· public e[Tlployees'.. pension · .. statute. NO· law can deprive -such ·person of his _pension, r[gh_ts without _due p'rocess of l~w. that is,
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service and paid at least 6 ."monthly contributions· in the 12•month p·ei-Joq jmmediately:.preceding · the disability; · . · : 4·. Member cannot enjoy.Iemporary_totat disability benefit-and sick leave pay simultaneously; 5. If . the :_ disability requires niore . gxten.sive. treatment ·t.t,at lasts b~yond 120. days, the· . payment the temporary total disability benefit ·maybe e.xtended by.the GSIS but not·to·exceed a total· of 240 days; ano · . . . . 6. · Such. benefit .shall not be :less· -thai:) P.70 a day ·: (R.A,.Nb. B-i91, S~~: 18).
lnju~J~s· Deeml;)d as P~rmanent Total" Dls~bii°itie~: (EL-PIG) . ~ . . Complete loss of sight of both gyes; 2. ·· Loss of :two !:,imbs · at or .above the ankle or ·wrists;.· . .. 3. .Perml:lnent complete.-.!:~J,1ralysis of two limbs; .. 4. Brain injury resulting to incurable Imbecility or. lnsanity; and · · · · · • · · 5. s·uch other ca~es as determined and ap·proyed bythe.§$1S (IRRofR.A. No. 8291, Rt.i/e,/V,-Sec. .i3.2.1). . : . . . ·
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Suspe~sio_nOf qisability Beneflts: .(RRf.) 1. . He i~ !3.e-emp!oyed; '. _ . . . . Exten~ion.o(Payment ·of Benefit. . · · 2. He Recovers.from-disability; or. · If the 'disability· requires 120· more extensive .treatment ·3.·· H~---:-failed -to present hims.el( for medical . that. lasts b·eyond days, the .payment of the · · . examination when required . ~Y the G~ IS (R.A. . temporary total disability·benefit niay be.extended by · . . · N.o. 8291;..Sec. 16 (c)). . ·· ·the GSIS hut-not to exceeda total of-240-tjays (R.A. .; .· . . · ·· · · ---'~- 8291. Sec. 18):· '>. •• • Pe~manent Partial Disab!lity Beneflts . -~,::.:,<-·~-~ 1f ··J· -:~~~ . ·.. . :_ .·:. . . . . · ·. . . . . The member. shal! r":ce1ve -~· oa~h,4pfymtizi_tm ll.:.., P-i,n~c~~~,E!:Dlsa_bihty'_ . .-· . . .• · accordance with· the -schedule .of c!J~ab\1IffesJJo1~b.h.-"" _,.:.,,"{pr ~Jun~~o~llnes_ses rl;)st,1lbng in .a disability not prescribed by· the G.SIS, providE~Jfthat),~,..._hlitisfies -lisfe~i:i!tne f.~~-9u1e···of partial/total disability, as either conditions. {1) qr (2) _of R. ~~BJgc:1:-;-·~~t"':1'&-,~pf0.l4~e~irrtfie. ~?If> law, the GSIS. shall determine (13), to.wit: · . . I,(}-", 'i' ! IT..». ··( .-t~e.n~re~i~irtqt§abllity _a·nd ttie correspondlnq 1. _He is. in the service at thEi'lime·-qf ffisabJlity or .ll... ~ ~laenefitsiheref~({RA\N9.8291, Sec. 19). . .. · ?· If lie is· separated .fron:i·~~ice..{h~h8t~J>a~~!- (Ii,!\ . .. .. J · . · \. _( least 36. monthly oontr1but1ops.;;$1thint~e-S:year 1:!'rffofe:'?X~y. d1sa~1nly q.rtl Jury as a result of, or due-to '· "period trnmedlatety preMetfiFi§idisabil_itt, or-;t1~_..::..li~ m ,sc'ol"ldi.l,l;1>~ pipatiori_ in· riqts1 gross and . . · .: 'paid-atotal of at least ~80.rn0n,ihly conttibuti_op·~ 1i1 .7i)ri?3xc1,1s qle .ne Uger:ic~ •. under" the influence of ·. · - prior to· the (:llsabilify (if?.':A~d.. 8.291Jf~ec. f!:2_~dmgs!/rff.eJ5rlho:or Wil~ul -lntentlon to .injure or kil!. · · ·. (a)). · · ·. · ¥.. ,,;:if)~ ~-"".~,-,.. \ ;_'. 1 ,61'i1mseJf ~ncith1Eir,.;..stfa 1. nQf .be.compensable (IRR • ~ ,,.,....._~ • • ,J ~ 7 " ., 1 · . .· , . .: . . · · ~·u \..1f , . ,·\ ·· y~~"-..:.< ~ ~-- .~eil'i · ,F-_,ifjj-1)1,/'fi.9· 82lf1, Rul!/V Sec: 23. 2A). · _Pen'nane_nfarid Partial Dlsa"f~JUties:,~ -- . (S"' f.. _-. . . · .... ' . . 1. Complete a11d P~~manent t~.:>s of tit~ use.~~#~.·f!(i,V:ors_wp_.B~n.~pt · . ·, .. : . ..:. . . ' .. a·;. Any.fing1?,_r;. ·' ·. ·, . ~- · . :SctcN~t;Jla~._l;;ienef1t exJ~nded:!9.·quah~1eq ~ep,e_r:identsof : . b. Any toe; ·. · ·· · · " . )1""""-~ -- ._r,_1:ee~sewd !'" S!§:". pens.19ner or member. The ~- _·e. OheJm:n;. . . , -~~.<--9ii"'~=~~.v~·J1ij~-nsfoi:-i·shall-co·nsisfo~:·.: .· One hand;· · . . . . ~, ""r·:. f\..\:~~si.;rs"Eirviv.orship.perislpr:i v.it,ich is· 50% qf the ' e.: . One foot; . · . _. ~ . \! 1.["1:.:.:'.:;l?..as1c.m?hthly pension;.ar,id ·: . . · · · .. ·.: .. ... f. · "One leg;·.. ·· · ·~,~~·pependentchirprer)'spehsipnequivale'nMo 10% · ·g. ·,One or botH.eais;:. . .. ·.:of.the basic monthly. per:isloiffor.each· chli_d not . . 1:1. -~H~arin.9 of 1:or b9tt,i ear.s;" and ·· · . exceeping ~0% of-·tt,e.' bas1~ monthly pension l. · .. Sight of 1 eye; . · : . ·(R~ ...No: _8291, -Sec. 20).· .:·· · · ·2,. Such 6ther.-cases·as, deterrnine<;I by the GSIS·. . .. · ·. ·..... (R.~ .. No.-.829·1, Sec, · 17(b)): . . ·co_n.~Htiorj"sfor !:nti.tl_em~nt... ·The primary -and. __ see::bnd~ry beneficiaries, ~xcept :Temp~~a·ryTPt~I-Disability Be~efits deperide.nt _chilpren, shall. be entitled· to:applicable · · The· ~eriibe:r shall be e.ntitl~d to. 75% ofJhe·current survivor.ship benefits, . sul:>ject. tq ttie . following: : (BIR~LC) :' ·. ·. · · .·. . . . . - . .· .. · . daily compensation-_for eactJ day or fraction ·thereof of ternp.oraiy -~isk!bility (R.A. -Np_. ~29°1, .Sec, 18). · ·.1. Nbt gainfully"engaged.in·.§.usinei,s or.economic· . : .. a~tivity (seJHmiployeq); ·· : : · , .. ·· .• ¢onc.fli1ons~ (120,ESTE-70) . · · · . . 2. ·Employedtengagecf.in a'bU$iness or 1;1conomic ·· · ·1, .·suqh benefit· shaJI not .exceed 120 ..day~ In 1 activity b.u~ receiving !ncor:ne less. "than Jhe. ·.· calendar year; .. . .. . ' ~ :minimu.m: · _compensati9n · ·qf . government·· ·· ·.employees; . · · · . . : · : . .. .· .2,· Employee. has gxhausted all "his .si~k leave ... 3: Not Beceivi,:ig._any other· pension ·fror.n:th~ ~Sl.S · . credits and coll.ectivtfbargaining.agreement sicll. lec;1ve benefits•; : . . : . . . or another · local or · foreign institutton · .or- · · Organiz;;ition; · ·. .. · . . · . 3. . He is in ·§ervice the tjme of his disabili~y-; or if · sepa·rated, he· has rendered_ at leasr 3 .years of 0
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Not engaged in any gainful Qccupation as · 1" . defined in-Sec. 2 (p) of RA 8291; · · ·. ··· 5... The . surviving spouse and .the· deceased- - . t, member were Living ·together as husband and wife; and · ·· 'i/-· 6. In the .case .of the ·dependent."spol,!se, payment . of the basic survivorship pension shall f.ontinue f. when .he · remarries. cohabits, or engages in ,,_. common-law relationsnlp (/RR of R.A. No. 8291, Ri./le /.V, Sec. 24.5). "' . 4.
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2. · When only dependentchildren are the s~rvivor~, they shall be 'entitled to the. basic survivorship . ·. pension as ·long as they are qua_~ified, plus t~e · . dependent children's pension eqwvalent·to 1 O Yo · · of ·th·e basic monthly pension . for every dependent child riot exceedinq 5, counted.from ·the youngest and without substitutton. . . ·3. When the .survivors are the dependent spouse and the dependent children, the dependent spouse shall .. receive the basic. survivorship . pension for lif~ or until he/sni:) remarriei,, and the . ·. 'dependentchildrenehatl receive the dependent . _ct)ildcEi'11's pension menjiorredinthe immediately · · .·. precedi.rig paragraph ·2 hereof (R.A. No: 829J, . · . Sec.. 21 (b)). ·' . · .· ·.·. · .. , · · : ·.
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Death ot.a M~mber . . · . If ·.there are ~o. primary_ beneficiaries, :secondary Upon a ·dea!h of a member, the primary b_enaficiar:i_es 'beneftciaries are e·nti"tled.fo: · '. . · · : · ~- . shall be entitled to only one of the following: · .' · 1. Cash. payment equivalent to 100% of his ;,. 1 ... surv.ivorship Peinsion; · . . · . »< average rnonthlyccrnpensation for each year/of. ~'. C .. d.It·, - . . . . . · '. ·. . .. . 13 service he .·pafd>contribtitions, but 'not -less. than on ons · · / · • /,(·.'", ·· · h · · b ' · ·a: The ..-de~easedwasiotheseNrce.atth~/i~~/<4\ .. P12,_00Q;_Provided, t~at t e mern_e_r_was in · f h: d th' · · · . -:--- · · · v1<.:,·? 1; l . if·\ service at.the time of his death and has rendered O IS ea ,.or ·\·f /J ,,. ,} ti fa._y { erv'ce·a d . b. If separated from the service, "he· ,.nas· ·:·-,...·~·..--<;r~.. e.~s,0; •• ears O s. 1 • ~ ·. . , . ren.dered at: lea~t 3 years o( selviqe;l'!Yuf'e(ff~..t{2.1.;.:itJ.tm,,~~je~ce pf seco~d?ry benefi~1anes! such . ·f h. · .d th d · 'd ~~r,,;:,00-lhly· rr be pafd to his legal heirs (R.A. No. t1.r;ne_ o 1s ea an pa, r.:1';',Y" .. , ::i. n . · benefits ·· f )) . · ·. · . contributions within- "·the . 5:-Y.e.:\i;; · periof!:.-;1 .... 8291' 5,··:· 21 c · · · · immeaiately preceding his de~tn-;for.,· 1 / f.;\ · . I! :tit :\ · : . . If l df rvlce· h 1-i ,)shaidii total ;_ I,;,( Note•. F9r !Utf]OSes of surv1vorsh1p. benefits, 5!3thl c, · fs_etplar~te18'0°m .. Jt.,,,.bat.''f,r-..,,-::: 1 .t rrA. iegitlmatii chi 8re~· · shall include legally ad6P.ted and o a eas . mon _>:;conn u rons pnor o~-· 'l 1 .. ·· .,rd • ild (RA ·N . 8291 ·5· 21·1d") . . de~· th. ·(RA N ndg·"·-"S £.,j3.,,.1 )(1)' '' .. , .. · . f '" eg1t1m~e c re , ec. · 1, 1 • . h 1s__ . . . . o. ~r.-, v ,.fil;;:,:.<-J\ 1•.a _:,.,. . {,i . "-F..-/;,"':'o.-.,,z.'/;jr:.,,•, :9. . . . o. · :;,:"
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. · . : ·. · . . .equfval.ent -to 100%· _of )~is ::--?.¥~9e{h101"1tqly . t;ci . :In a~ an:,oun_t_f1~ed~y the GSIS ~ules and r~gulat19ns compensation for every year of"ser;vice;}df . t/P:. . ,p4t~should not be l.ess than P12,~00, to be ~ncreased "''""'"t'><-5~~1,~1~-'.'\,~t. P18,000 atter·s years!.p~ya~le upon the . C!)_ncfi.tions: · . ",/' · : ~:?~.--~·elei?tti_~f~f~.SPR)· : · · , . · . · a. Employe·e .was in service af·dh.,.,et,itrie'-of ·. L · An·8ctive ~ember; .. . death; a·rid · . .' · · . · ',';)';/J · · · 2.. A. mecnber wh_o has .been . .§.eparated from th,e b. i-tas rendered at teast 3 ·years 'br· service· · ·· serv.ice, buf who may be : entitled to . future :(R,A. Nb. 8291, S~c. ·21 (a)(2))-;°.. . .· : benetfit~. . . . . · .. ....._ . . · ,. · . . ·· · ·. · . .. · . . · .. . :. 3. , A f emiion~r; 9r . . . . :~· 3. Cash payment _equivalent to · 1.00%.. of his.... 4. A Retire~·who at.tli!3 tim!a of his·reljremen~·wa·s : . "£. , . average morithly ·G·ompe.nsatio·nfor eact,i· year of. of pensionable-age but Who opted to retire under . · service he p<;1id.contributions,-b'ut not less than· RA. No. 1616 (R.A"N°o: 829"1, Sec: 23). . P12, 000. . . . . ··, . '·. . . · · . ·. N·~te:.The-a·moun"t_~ffuneral benefit is currently fixed. Condition~: . . . . · at P30,QOO (G_SIS_News/etler',"ls§JUB·NO. :(-2015).. -a. :· E,np_Jox_e~i_·has rer.idered at feast' 3_ years .of . · servis;e· prior to his death; qut . '· fun~~al Benefits ·a're. payabl~ ··,to· any qua.lified . . b. He· failed to qualify undeF items .1 and 2 · ·-individual; in accGrdance ~ith the"(ollowing·otder of ··mentioned above (RA No. B_?.91, Sec. 2.1 priority: · · (aJ(3)}." . ·· · · : ·. 1. ·; Legiti~ate spouse; . 2. L~gitimate child who -spen~ . for the funeral. Payment S.ur:viyors_tiipPe~sion . . . servi.ces; or -. . . The survivorship pensio,:i shi:111 be· paid as folloi,ys: ·,: 3. ,o;ny._ot_herperson wHo c~n show incontrovertible ·1. Wheri "the dependent · spouse is. · the . only ·proof that'he sl'l~ulderei:I the funeral expenses of . ·survivor,, _"tie/she . shall . i:eceive- the basic the de.ce~se,d. (/RR ofRA 82~1, S~c. 25.1). · . survivorship pension for' life or until he/she remarries. 2. ..
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2Ql9 SAN BEDA-LAWCENTRALIZED.BAR OPERATIONS 1. 293
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socrxi, LEGISLATION
SAN D"EDALAW Cf!'JTRALIZEDOAR OPERATIONS: ME/1,JORr AID 2or9 WWi!B IWMIMR
Life Insurance Benefits 1. Compulsory·L'ife Insurance . . . Compulsory "upon · all. . employees. except , members of the. AFP and the PNP (R:A, No ... 8291, 'Sec: 24). ·
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make findings. of . fact. ard submit recommendations thereon. . · . The hearing officer shall submit.his flndings an,d recorrimendatioAs, together with i:!11. the documentary .i:ind tes.timooial evidence to. the . Bo.ard within 30 working days from .the. time the _parties have closed :their respective· eviden.ce . and 'filed their last pleading. .. Tile Board shall decide. ~he case within 30 days -fr,om ·the receipt of the· hearing officer's ·f~ndings · · and recommenqations: . . . ,•. . · The. cas.es heard c;l\rectl}i' bY. the Board shall be decided within 30 working days. from the· time th.ey are. sqbmiitei:I by. the parties fc:ir deci?ion ·
2: Optional Lif!:l.1.nsurance .. S1,ibject·to. th~ rules· and. regulations 'prescribed by the GSIS,a membermay apply for insurance 3. and/or : pre-need coverage embracing life, .. health, hospitalization,. education;. 'memorial . plans, 81'.Jc;:I such other plans as may be desiqned 4 .. by the GSI$;· for himself and/or his dependents.. . · Ariy . employer. ni'ay _ likewise . aP,ply for group insurance coveraqe ', for- its . employees. "The . , · ·(:R.A. No.' 8291, Sec. 30) ... · ·: . . . . payment of . the . premium~/in.staflm~nts· for optional insurance and pre-need.products may· 'be·m~de by. theinsured.or hisemployer and/or Appeal .' . . . . . .any person acceptable to the G$1S. (R.A. No. .1. · Under- Rules 43 arid ·45 of.the Rules of Court of . : 8291,'Sec: ~6)... : · '··. ·, .- · . · :_:~,,..,...~99?; .. :· ··. ·.. : · ... · · .· · · : . . · · ·. '; : · . ·· . ·. · . ._/'~ . y 1 K .;cc1s.,~spen~i'ng_ before the effectiyity of the.1Jl97 . AutomatlcPolicy Loan:(Y,L) :-:. ,i-K-_. . i~ J-\/RJle~0{,,Courtshall beqoverned by the rules in The AP'7 is a feature ot.a GSIS· life iosu~nc1eW6l!;s:Y"'"=---:u-s'<'.-,,~,fQrc1faµh~.time;_ . . .. . . . · . :. . · that k~ep~the poll.<:Y[n force-in c;a~e\!'1~~~B~Yllien.t· ~- . -·- . 3.._::;(\~!af. J:?'~1ake pr~ceden.C?~ . o~!:)r. ~riy· case_ Of prE:~lUf!JS _by t~k1ng. O.Ut a. foa~!m~~~$!9~!.f.!~t.-tt:te•""Jt~~,e.?,<~ept~,'2fnl~r\c~ses wher~. f!fe. jmprlsonment . unrestricted portion > :of t_h~ · ;:&°),fY~·J3ccum1,ilat~e, T··, '*J? · or 9:ec1tX'or;~i:f.]/L!S.(On perpetue is_ •_mposed; . ·. · . Cash Value (_QV) or Termma~~,n~luf (7VJ (/RR .'/ff jf~ ~ Appwa.1 sl\c;1lf~oJ~~ay _th,e ex_ecut_1_on of the order ~ R.A: No. 8291, Rule- JI, se« rl).. i . .. " . · or a,ward·\~Pjl~)~~rderE!d by the Board of . · · · · .1 ~rusiees .. of_w:i~~,S,by·the C_o\Jrt of.Appeals.,·. The· ~p~ sh~ll gnly be. apph~e:-"Jttt~ pohcy·~as:~r--~ ~-~-l:\bj the ,$Ug>telT)!3 t: ourt: :c!~d. . . . .' ... . .-1 .. An·unpc!ld pi:-e~ium·~fte~tQ_es@~acepenfd; anf~l.:l·ApP,ealsha~IJ~e,..yrtf,i~~t fireJUdtce to tt,e special . 2. f;am~d 'sufficient cy o~!W.ftqJovrJ~unp~~~: -- -S:.....:..-9.!. ~l./'%9,P!'<Jll f ce1i~'rar.i.wh~A ·pro.re: (R.A. No. . prem,.~ms or a frac;t,qn t~~t<'h°\~rn ~tt~)tro~~.::~rt. 1 0 mclucjmg corr~spond,ng \~terest<.ther_·. \..~· 3~~.. ifo.-.i~r. ,, . . R.A.No. 8291,.Rule_l': Sec. 7.1):,. i..P ~,;· . . ,~.7:tl t. ~~:..d _ : · ·,. · ·· .··· \ . . ·"".,~- .. A'Jfl' . c~1~.or,awar shall .be·executed-1n the same. . Loan G_r'ant . : . . . ~'. ' . -~ Sc1E- '-'1,.11·it1'a!)er 9S'ir:r' th~ ~ c. . •.. . . . .' . ~SIS funds may b~ inve~ted: · . ·.. , ..,·,'~ ;::::~·~...J.bilB~r.i;!~s the ·power to .i.ssue to'.th~ city or 1 .. rn· dire.ct housing· roans· to rr:iem ~rs(~rgiqa~Rf'd1~n9ia_1s~e.r:iff'.or its..appointed shetiff w.rits of ' hp~$ing ,P~ojec!s secLJr~d. · by.)i~~c.'Jct~_lge,- 1--: 11.1\-\~e~ylierifor._the el)forcem,ent of su_ch decision , g1v!.n9 pnonty to:th~ low.1ncome-~foups~~ L'J:~_9b:a@ard.. · · ·. :. . . . · _.:. : .. . 2. In .short and med1u1:tHerm .loans to :~emll.~rs--~, _Any.person·wno. falls or refuses to·co.mply after . such as s~lary, policy; ed\ic<1tional, ·em!3r.gerjcy . ~~ . bein:g r~quired fo, do ·so sha·11; · upon application . . . s~ock . purchase·. 'plan. and·. otfier 'similar..' loans by the GSI S, be punisf.led for.contempt-(R.A.-No.
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:· Adju~ida~ibn· ·.. .of • Claims ' ahd · ·mspute.s. · . · ·Pr.es.ci:ipti9~·of Claims.:· : . · Shah · p.rescrip.e . after ;4 · ye!:)rs from date of . ·. contjrigency, . except lffe .and.:·'retir.ement, benefits .(R.A.'No,
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·Exemption from Tax, L!;)gal Proce~s and Llet:i . Tf:le GSI$, its assets, revenues ·and- bene~ts paid shall be exempt from all taxei,; assessrner:,ts• .tees, · . . : Gharg~s .or cl uties ·.of all kinds (R,,4:. No. · 8291,. Sec; , ·. · 39).
· J1,1risciiqtion. : .. .:-· · . . · · . . GS.I~ has original.-and exclusiv~ jurisdictfon to s~ttle -any dispute arising uhder this Act an.d'any oth~r raws · administered (RA·No. 30). . .. . by·theGSIS . :·. . . 8291,-Sec. . . \
· .. Procedure ·1-,. The Board may·designate,any·:rnember the Board, ·or.ol'.flcialofJhe GSIS:who is a lawyer, to act as HEARING OFFICER to receiv~_evjdence,
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2019 SAN SEDA LAW CENTRALiZED BAR OPERATION$ ·\
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.Viol~tions:oftbe GSIS 'taw with'l?enal Provisions .. l. . Commitfed·by Private 'rndi:viduals: (POF). a. '.:Earticipating directiy or· Indirectly In the . c.pm~ission·of:fr~ud, do)l!,Jsion.~.falsifit:atloh; :. .or misrepr~s'eti~\ion iri any transaction' with 'the GSIS whether for the perpetratoror fo·r :·som~·other persons; ·
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SAN BtDA !AW CE/'IT'RALIZEOBAR OPERATIONS- MEMOFl'f.A/p2oi9. IPWiiff±M . .
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. . Qbtaining or receiving any money· or ·check invoking any provision bf this Act or any LiMITED. PORTABILITY' LAw. ;3greement · thereonder, without being :, · (R~A .. ·7699) · ·. entitled thereto with the intent to defraud any .- "; · member, anyemployer, _the G$1S, or any \ .. . third party; or . · c .. ,!:ailing . or: refusing ··to comply with the . Ari Act institutirig,U,;,ited ..Portaf)if!fy •Sch~me in. the , provlslons ·of .this' Act Of Wi.th the rules and : Social Sec;urity insurance Systems by Totaliiing ·the . · regulations-adopted bythe GSIS. Workers'.· Cred[tap/e. ·services· or. Contribµtions. in · Each of_the·systems.· Committed·. by Officers and. Employees of the GS:IS: (RAMP) ·. ,.: · .. ·. . . · · a.: 8$Ceivin'g or' keeping by ·any employee. or ·. 'Note: R.A.' 7699 -institutes'· a 'scheme for · member·.· fund "or property peii;mgirig, '... .totalizatjan a~d- portability Of so~i~I security benefits, p·a'yable or. deliverable to· the · GSIS and . . .. · ·"' . · _ . . .· . · .. · appropriatinq the same, or taking or" A covered worker who-transfers employment from · rnlsapprepriatinq or u~ing the same to any onesectorto'enother oris employ~.d·!cr both eectors · · purpose other- .than that ·authorized by thls shallhave his· creditable services or contributions in Act; or 'p13rmitting another. 'person to -take, . both Systems cre.difed-.fohis service or contributi'on · .· misappropriate or.use said fund or property record lireach_.ofthe·systems·and shalt be-totalized . • by. expressly eo,:isentfng ~hireto, or through__/") for the. purposes of-olct:-~ge',. disability, survivorship, ·: . _abandonment or negligence, or ..is ptber.v,i.l?e'/1,) and other benefits in casethe covered member does· · - · g~il~ of t~e misapp~op·ri~tion of sai~ f.u~c:l· ~r/{ ;;?, n':'t q·u_alifyfo,i ~uc~ benefits 1~ either or both Syst~ms . . p~~~~rty, I~ Whole _or in part: .· .. · . . however, • ~hat 1•0 d.•+ without.... totah.Z:8bon:. -.ProV1ded.,. b. ·Failing. lg include m the. ~r.mual budget) ~e_,_._. •'A ilL;.P.Y,~,!:}apping-renods of membership shall be. credited · . _amount corresponding to 'the -e'!lploY.,e~~an.91,:,·,·!Ii ~i.~'.-01:1f~<.i;9Re-t9tJotalization '(R..A: No: 7699, Sec.3). · employee contributions, oF failil"\g,~fusing,"'' lif . ,, --..::...ti.!!.y.!\- . . · · · . ~r delaying·,by more thaii _30 ·!'.J_~ys".fromth<,e~.-n. _Policy of t~~J\tate: (~!T) · .. . _. . t1m~. such. amoun_t- .~ecom?~/RueJ,a~,::..:-}.·1.. 1. ~ro_rn~10~~f·.worl<er~· welfare.by re9ognizing d~m-~nd~bl.e,or;deduct_1ngJtJJll' tti~Mll~nthly .• t.'J . th_e1_r:~ffo~ts_11;t,productrv.eencte:~v~rs; _ .·· ... _c:::o~!nbutions ~f the,~my.Jp'.yee; · ~~-·~ .,;_~ . ,~) · 2. !mpr9verqen~t.workers'co!1d1t1pns_.by prqv1dmg . ~.\ ...--.. _ c, .. Fa1hrg t_o re~1t ~he ~~-~~ply :.9~-•n.?.ut1oi=:13r." ~!!?,~;JP~~~~~g.yearso! contnbu!mn to the · L· . . 1oan amort1?at1on · \tr.onr.-=-a.;.,,,~,e".".~r:~ · n1,JtJQt,1ai~~!=:9f.l0';!:p,and, · · .· . · · ... · 'compensc1tion··by any '~aiploye-~(.~ith1~9:· 3.· ·Iotalitrump~a·na. portability: of· so~ial. security . -day,s from 1he_ date they'sno.Y,.td-'ha\e·_bee'n \ 1.,,:; . ben~fifs with the view '(if establi'shing. within_ a.· . i-f::rryitt.~d u~d·er, ~ec. 6(a) ~l'lil111 -~~~s_un;1'd: [!;.;,--:y.:-;cea~nable· period :·~,:· u~itarY.. social se..GQr.ity · · to.have been rn1sapp_rppnatedfp~ ·. ,,, :._,,.,.·i~··-'"~:J:i:tJ.syste~ (RA,.No. _'('6_99;-Sec. 1). d:. -Failinp~. refusing, or delaying1,l),r fa~~(.11F-"..--;--~~ : · .. · ·. · : · turnover, _.remittance., ·or dE:li~ftY t>j"Jthe · ·.eoverag~:-CTR) .. ·.·- · . .- ·· . · :_ . . . l')eads: · of. the. bffices· . of.· -th~®ional · . All '.worker~meml;>ers-of.tre GSIS and/qr-!;,SS: . ) . g_overnment, its political 5.u!)ai.visions, · 1-. . _Whq Ir.alisfer from ·o.ne ~ectcir'to anqther; arid · . · ... bl'anches, _agencies· and'- h1s~'tfrn'ent~lit1es, ·2. Who.wish_ to Bet~in. thei.r'meiTI_b,ership in bcitl) . · .Jncluding government-owned p~ controlled . . · ··systems (IRR'.of R.A: No. 7699, Sec.A). · · . . ' corporations 'and.: ·government·· finaricial:, . . ins'tftuti.ons;· and:Ahe ·~persor:iriel ·of' supt:, ~9_,:itrib~tio11s\ef~.rto .thaf. p'aid Jhe ·$mpJ~yer or . offices who are involved. in the-collectio·n of· wc;,rker eithe.r to f~e GSIS or the SSS_ on a~countqf ~remi~m .coiJt~ibutions, · toari ·.amorti_zatiop· · 'the workers membership (RA /Yo. 7699, Sec. ~(a); "' . an.i:l. other accounls due the·. GSIS ~ithin 30 · /RR.of. R:A. N~.' 769!{~u{eJif,_·sec. l(~?.)· · · ·· days.from th~ time that the· same shall.have · . ·. Totalizati~ri Jeter~ to t~e p~qcess of adding· up·_the . -:1 , • • . . ·. been _due and 'ctemandable :(R.A.' tfo: 8291, periods'ef cre'ditaqre·~ervices:or .cof-!trib,utions.under. S.ec: 13ach of-the· _syst~cri~-.'for purposes· of ~ligibility and f · :VVho·.n:i~y fi!e a O_rimih~I Ac.tlori . · . .: . . · . computation ..of !Jehefllif (R.A. No'.· 7699, Sed, .2(e);. · :. '/RR _ofR,.A_'. No. 769~; Rµ/e Ill, 1·.(e))... ·. ·. ,~. ·,/ ._: ·Criminal· actions arising from· yiolations .of R.A. No. •: 8291 . and · 'these. ·. ·lrn'plernenting · Rules and Portabjlity·'refers to the·. transfer. of·funds ~o~· th'e·· . -~ Regulatjons, .m.ay. be .'initiated· by 'the aggrieved ~ccount and benefit' of a worker w.ho transfers from mel'T)b_er, .e1ther. und:er the ·pfovislons. 9f .R.A. ~o .. -one system ~o thE3·. other iR.'A;.No: 7699, : Sec, 2(b) ~ :· .8~91 itself or, as -_app'ropriate,·under the Revised IRR of R.A No, '7699, Rufe Ill, Sel;., 1 {b)). . . ·:P.enal Code (RA No. 8_291? $ec:._5? P9r . ·. ··-.
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295
.·soCIAL LE.GI.SLATl"ON SAN smi>."LAW CENTRALIZEDBAR OPERAnous
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- MEMORY A1D 2019
6 .. §.uch other· benefits common to both Systems Creditable .Services For th~ public sector, the· following. _sh~II. be that may. be availed of through totalization (/RR ot R.A. No. 7699, Rule /II, 9ec.10)). considered ·creditable services; (ACS-OP) 1. All .prevlous -servlces . rendered : by , an official/employee pursuant to an AJ)pointment· · · ·· Totallzatlon shall · apply In the · follow1ng whether permanent; provisional Qr temporary. instances: 2. -All' · _previous services · . rendered · by · ~in .1. If a worker.ls not qualified for any· benefits from officfallEHTlployee pursuant to a c;!uly approved . : both-Systems; . . appointment to· a. position in the· ~ivjf Service 2. · · If a worker in the public sector- is not quallfied for ·with comperisatlonor salary; . . · ,· any benefits In the GSl9; or . ·· 3. · The:' period during which 1:1n offlcial/ernployee 3.· · ·1t a worker in the private 'sector is not qualified was ·on 'authorizad §lck leave of absence without , tor any benefits from· the SSS (R.A. No. '7699, · · pay not.exceedinq-t year: · · : '.' . Rule \(, Sec. ·3). 4: the period during·w.hich an offlclslcr employee c' , · : . was 'Qut of, the service as· a result of illegal ·. Fqr the. purpose of computation of beneflts, · termination· of his service as 'finally decided .t:>y -totalization shall apply in .all cases so . that. the : the proper: authoritiesjand .,.. , . " .. : . contributions made by the worker-member 'inboth 5: All :Rrevious services· with . cornpensanon or Syst~ms shall -provide maximum benefits which . · , .salary r.ertdered byelective offlclals (!RR of R.A.~,;,..oJherwise will riot be-available. In no case shall the · No. 7699,./J'!le 1/f;~ec. 1(0)._ .··~: .. .,~·· ~~l~_tion__be lost or· fof~eited (!RR ae»: No .. ·
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Period·of Contribution · . . · ·. ):'t';,;...=---==,., ._:; .{ ff: ,...,~~-, · . . · ·. . ·· · ·. For -the, private sector, the ·peri~9€l.r-of Cj),A{pl=>1:ltl'on . · .Not~ -YJI~ qualifies· for benefits in both · · · shall· refer to the. periods during ~·(fs,~~,~i:.s91'f""""'"~yst~m~i~t~izati~ 4 shall not apply (/RR ot R:A. No. renders ·se"".'ices f?r an.e_mplo~fc®tti ?'pinp. nsati'li!)J '"1.F ~?1399, Rule'~t~1%· · .. · ·. · or salary and dunng_ which c,9ntnbt1tlr;ms ere.paur -,61~ · Lt~ \ . · \, { . . ~: ·. . . . . ·to, sss:· For" the purpose o,f. thi~ fectio?,, a sel,f. , . If after tq,talizalioe-_tfi.e'wor'ker-member still d0es,not .employ~d _person shall be si~~~ir.~d.an frn~Toj~ ~1?,'a~i!yf~r-·any \~Q.!}:fl\]~t~d. the member will_ then and el'.l'.)ployer at,the same~Hime-;(;RR o.t'r.[?:A:-,i!fp':-:-:i e:;::ff~U·'wh_?teve~ 1Bene.\1ts ,correspon<;l to· ~his/her · 16~~· _Rule Ill, Sec, 1"-(g)) ..:_ ;· .p~JT@).:tin!rib~ion '.n ·e11gie,::9,rHbot~. System~. (IR~ of t....i·t ( j\ ... , ~-~-No. 76j/f:_cf?};lte )r, _Sec.t1· . . . The .'creditable services or1;1c.o'"lt~i~uti~Q~\~~~n~~·· if~<_f , ·. · . ·. · ·. . . syste"?s shaU be: '(GT)... \.V .,, \ .. ~~\; ..;: · · ~(~e;jP.~61h~f.ottHek y~te.ms· · . . . 1 .. ·w~dited fo their se~ici:; o\_c;<jntri~ti~Q'.r~~r~iQ_:1 . ·'-~':~gl'S.~l),JI·the S~S shal!. be,responsit:,le f~r t!J.e. ·. · each of SY$~ems; and_::)~: .'l'~ t_/r(eori;lfng.pnd docttf01entat1on of tbe. creditable. 2, Io~a_lized _for purpose·? of :~d-ag~~-91.sl-ti._®t,_;[E1'>.f-.f{~r:l".loe~
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Privafe Employee r an employee who renqers services In any of the-followlnq: · ( ·R.,A. No. J.1223orihf! '.'UN/VERSALj-lEAL..TH·CARE i. . Corporations, · partnerships, or . single · ·ACT" took· effe.ct on· F'ebru.ary'20, 2019. R,A.' No. . proprietorships; . N.<;,Os, -, cooperatives, · ,·· 1122~ wi/1.,NOTbe CQ(/E1;_red qythe 20_19 bar. syllabus, . non-profit orqanlzations, social, clvlc, or· '· ·nonetheless, tor purposes of discussion;· an.outline professlonal or. charitable institutions. . of sigri;t,carirchanges of'ihe new·law fs ·provir:J'@ a.t orqanized and based- .in the· Philippines the,..end. · · · including those.forefgn-owned; ... . ·ii. · Fo'Feign governments · or: inter.na~ional · Stat~ Policy · . . .. . , : · · organizations with quasi-state status :-. It is he.re.by declared ,th~ 'policy of. the State to adopt,./::-based in the Philippines· which. entered .. · ::.. an integrated -and comprehensive 'approach t0 Y).( .into· an ·agr.E!ement with the P.hilHealth . . . health ..development. whicp shall endea~or to (Corpor~ti6~f to_' cqver.. their: · Filipino "essential- good~·. health _and other social ser't!R~f ,.:··.>·1; .. employees m Ph11Health;, arrd · available to all the people at, affordable cost an~, tq ·.. · i 9 · -r• iii. -~orelgn business organizations based '. provide tree medic~! care_ to .pau~e'rs. Jo';N~rroa~• "Yith ~gree·ment . ~ith_. ~he · ·· .. end, .the Stpt~ shalr·p~~v!de compr~hens}V~1!i~altli~_;-:i'1-( ~-:----1~-~?rpo~atio_n to: cover. their . Fllipino care servi_«?es to all Filipinos .throug~·;f~oc1al1zeclJ,.\,....c_;-I . · ,6~P~i:>loyees in .Phi1He<;1lth. ; . . . . .: h~al~~ . i_n:5-u~a,:ice. ptogram _· (Progra,,r]:l.t(~:t1at__w~ ·'-f\ c. Al!:i ©l~f::r . workers renden~g services, prioritize the .. h~91th · care n~e.g_s·1. -'of-;;? tl'fe ['.;1 w-liiet'frertm government or . private offices, underpri~il(;l~ed,. ~ick, ·. eld~r!r~per~?,R[\::, wit_~11 . . §'{iohr,asj~~. oraer ~ontract~.rs.·project-based disab11i1i_es-: (PWD-;?);. wom~~:/7.~p~ ~_i~ren . an~_ (·r_{contr'{l£_to':i~~}1d the like( , · ·. .ptovlde free healt~ care serv1Qe!i,:to.J.1:,1.d19~~~(IR-ff.R!· · a0·.~rj)~~:S.J?.:.·~1cro EnJerpns~s; · ·. . ·. . R.A..fYo: !()75, T1tfe J, Se~. 1, 'if!;.,!me[!E.,e~.. _ ·,;;,;_) .''. f/l ·e. ''©.W.Ds).ffi.l,of §mall, · Medium and Lar~e '· . ·· . · ' · '"2";-,;..,~-:f
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professional athletes, coaches, trainers, and contrib'utions (/RR of R.A No. 7875, such other individuals; . . Title Ill, Rule], :$ec; 5, as amended). · d. Filipinos with Qual Gitizenship - Filipinos b. Retirees/ Penstoners fro'm the. Private · whoare also citizens-of other countries; · . Sector . . e. Naturalized :Filipino· Citizens -. those .whb i. SSS Pensioners prior to M1arch 4, 1995. have become : Filipino citizens through. . · ii. · .SSS Permanent .. Total Disability .. · naturalization · · as governed . · by· Pensioners prior to March 4, '1995; . Commonwealth Act Ne. 473·or the Revised. jjf. :sss !Death/ Survivbriship Pensioners' Naturalization Law; and · prior to March 4·, 1995; and . . f, · Citiciens of: . Qther countrle's · workln·g ·iv ... S$S .· Old-aqe . Retirees ·who. have ... .ani:f/or ··residing in the Philippines ·.:... reached t.he·ag~ of retirement on or after to.reign. citizens with valid. workjng permits :fv'i~rch.4/1995 and have at feast 1?0 · a·ndior Aliens· Certitlcate of Reglstr.~tlor-is months' PhilHe~!th '. . premium. ·(ACRs) ·.·work,i.ng· and/or r_asiding in the · · contributions (/RR of R.A: No'. 7875,. Philippines (lf?R of R.A. No. 7875, · .Title 'ttt, ' : . Title. °JJJ; Rute f, Sec: 5,· as a.mended): Ruf~ J, ·Sec. 5, 'as amended). · c. 'Unifbrme
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For single proprietorships - Department of' i, . The monthly ·premium contribution of employed Trade and Industry (DTI) ·registration; members shall be remitted 'by the employer on ,2. For partnerships and corporatlons - s_ecurities P( . before the date. prescribed . by the and Exchange Ccmrnlssloh (SEC) registrc;1tion:. Corporation. · For ·foundations· and other non-profit ·3. The remittance· of premium contributiqn by the -, orqanlzations « SEC registration; . . · employer shall be supported by a Remittance4. · For cooperatives - Oooperatlve ·Deyeloprnent .' List.to be submitted-regularly to the Corporatlon. Authority (CDA) registration; or ·~ 4. The failure of the employer,to. remit the required 5.' For backyard indostrtes/veruures and microcontribution and ·to submit .. the required . business enterprises - Baranqay Certificatiop : .re.mittance list shall makethe employer liable for and/or Mayor's Permit (/RR· of R.JJ,. No. ·78.75, reimbursement of payment of a· properly filed Title-Itl, Rule Ill, Sec. 13, ~s emended). . · claim.· in· case .. the concerned .ernployee . .or . . .. dspsndent/s.avalls Proqram'benefits, with.out' O.bligatfons of Ei:nployers .. · . ·: . · · . prejudice to the impositionof other·p~naltle~·as All government and private employers· are required . provided for in,ihese.Rul~s .. ·· . · ', · : . . . to. . . . 5,, For..govein'mert aqencies, it sp~fl· be rn'ar.idc!\Orf. 1: ,Regi1?te.r their . em ployees ·. and ·: thelr. qualified · and compulsory tor the employers to include tli'e dependents: by submitting a . list .of their . payment of contributlons in.· their ·: annual employee's complete with their salary base and .. appropriations. The use of ..said- funds with~eld , other documents as may be required; .' . · _:..,,;,-.,. · · 'by government agencies other· than · for the 2 .. Report ·to the Corporation )ts · n.ewly-hiJ.,~f'X;I[ purpose of remitting Program contrfbutlenswnl employees within 30 calendar days · ~ro~rf'-/·y-:, :· . hold ·the .erring govern01ent employers liable. · . . . · . prov1s.1ons . . f th. -R . d assumption too ffiice;: . . · ·· . J, u ',.,' ~·1·-- . . under. the pertinent 0, . e ev1se · 3: Give notice to ..the Corporation of an employ~~;s,, ., ;·.'7 ;.--~···· Penal C.o~e.· : . : . · ·: · · . · . separation' .within 3_0 calendar day~,..c;froe: .:ttil:'.11?~:'t"!il_uj,i:~rtd/or-, refusa~·of theemployer to ~e~.uct saparatton; -. . · . · . ~t ·.. ort-t!.rem1~, ·.the .. complete.. ·eroptoye~s . and 4. 'Ke~p true and. a~c~r~te. wor~·.rerf~~/for S\J~P\Jj. em~loYnW~p~emiu·m·.c~ntrib_ut,onsh~ll .not be a penod anp .contammg such 1~forJ:11<;1t~oh:, as. ttir. il .basis fpr~~1al of a pr.Qp~rly filed cla1rn.·lri such Corpo~ation ma~p·r~sc~b_e; an~,l~);~, ~'· c:i .(?a~.<\the}. <:;orpor?tion· ~hall . .b'e. er'till~c!: to 5. · A,llow,the ipspect1on-~f 1ts_.PJ..\:l.fl11S.~S.1f\f.lU.~g~s reil'll~urs~me\t of clan:l'l'~ p_a1d:fro~ t~~ erring or . books a,n_d: o,her pertment~r.~9ord~~ff~RQf FJ.:A~ -~~'· .n~J:1;1!9,.e~tt'e'!l]~Y,?i''. "'.'Jlth~~t ~_reJ~~1ce to the · . _No. 78!5,. Title Ill, Rule)ll,,§ec.•,:'l:.5_)~bi:', \~· · ~~f{Jl"P.r:ey::e_~u.!t~n an.d ot~e_r.hab.1hties, as·may .. , · ·. . .• ' . • ·• ·<{. ·?·'-'":"-<.,( .,41:l·\:J. J,.:[- · _herea~~t.J:i~'prpv1ded_by_ this RuJes,- . • . ·Rate.of Pr7m_,um C_ontrib.ut1on~-;-'_-:-:;:.>'."':'..~.· :. ' .. f.iy. 7: ,:he .la_st . complete .. record. 9f_ .··monthly. Members. in th~ formal -~-~On?mXi Sliall :,r~rtin . · p,"'.,.;.;,,=, contributions . ppid · .bY.. the ·empl9yer or the paying the month!>_' contnbut1.on~ t~ ..1?,.~.;:,shar~9 _,ti.,,;;; -:..~!.~'?;€!(ageof.the mo~thly.co!'ltr.ibutiof!s paid .during . eq~all~ . by .~E! · employer ·and_. er~pJ.ef?e ;f~:;~:,.....U:!..:.~:·".n,tl1e<=:pa'it~ .years as of th~. date of filing_ of .the· prescribed.rate set by th~ Corp9rallo.n ~qt excr.~~l.og action for collection·sha.11 be presumed.to be the 5%-of.ttwir respecth,:e.15.asic)ri?nthly_sa~t/t?/f~Rof·:· n:ionthly coriMtiuti9iis payab.le 'by and due from.: RA . No. , 787.5, Title 111, Rule. J/1, See:~ /1:6, · as · the ~rT!ployer to Jhe C_or:poratiori for-each of_ the· .amended).. .. · unj::>~id-. rhontti, \.mless ·... contradicted . and.: Mandato.'ry ....... , App.ro.prlation. . of Pr~mium_: . ove'rcome by other evfden.ce:·Provided, that the. • dowor~tien . .shali n~itli.er ..be:'· ·.. Contribution 'tor Governmeiit Agencies .. . · tru barred. Jrom · . dete(rriining and col!ecling,the e c;1nd c,:;orrect: It Sh.all b~ mandat.ory·f.or ali g'_overnment.ag'.encie_s. to contributi.ons · due it av.en aft13r fuli 'paynier'it inclu'de the paymenfof premium contribution ·in their . ..·'pursuant tp'this ·farovislon;,nor sh~ll the·employer· respective annual appropriations: Any' im,rease in:,. . -·· be relieved of his' li.ability'(/RR ofR:A.· No:]~75, .the premium co~tributlbn of.the national gove_rf')ni'eht.' Tiffe)II; Rule lit, Sec. tB, as"i:imend,EJd)'. . . : a~ employer snail Ol'.'IIY b~cotne e~ective upon . ,·· . . , . . . inclusion .of said ·amount in th~ annual General. . Remittance. o'f PfE:rhiutns ~f 'Employees With Appropriation: Act (GAA) (/RR.of R:A. No.. 7875, · a.~ .. · Income Gaps . . . . . Amende
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'· to·ensure continuous entitlement. to benefits (/RR of R.A.. No. 7875; Title ·Ill," Rule V, Sec. 24, as amended): · ·
'Premium · Payment -of the Government. and Private ·. Employee Members · with Multiple Employment· .: . . Members engaged in multiple" employment. in the government and 'private.-.sectors whose aggreg~te• monthly premium· contrlbutlon exceeds · Hie. maximum rate in the . prescribed . premium . . contrjbutlon schedule may request for adlustment of · persona! share·subject to the guidelines to be issued by the Cotpcratlon (IRR·of R.A. No .. 7875, Title Ill, . · Rule If I, Sf/c._ 20, :as amended). · ·
Retroactive Pay~ent of Premium ·c'ontribU:tion · A ·· member who · has · mtssed/unpatd premium .' ' . contribution 'shall be allowed to pay retroactively-as prescribed by the corporattcn (LRRsm». No. 7875,: Title .111, Rule 'V, .Sec. 25, as· emenaed); I
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SPECIFIC RULES·CONCERNING"COVERAGE INDiGENTS . . . .
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SPECIF1c."RULEs·coNCERNING C.OVERAGE OF H:oliSEHOLD HELP OR KASAMBAHAY .
ldentlftcatlon and Enr.oli~erit ofJndige~ts .. Ali ·_indig~nts ldentifled by the DSWD under ·the' . Registration .of Household Help .or..K.asambahay . 'NHTS and .other such acceptable '·filelt,ods:. shall To .ensure that - Philf-iealtti "member~hip :·of the · ~µtomaticany· be enrolled and. covered under the househotd help·. or kasambahay is .sustained., . Pr0gram 'f!RR of R.A:· No.. 7'f375, Title Ill, Rule vi; employers are required to:-· · . · . ,;..,~~--f:i~c.'27, as emendedt.. . · · · · ·, 1. Regi~ter-fneir kasarnbahay with the Cogl6ratfon-1T ]· aii~ . the _kasam'bahay·s: .q1:1alifie~_;,d{perfg;nt~1l_ }~~Yll1~·n'f,;f~fre~iumC~nt_ributions . . . under their P.~N; -; . . ~~:7~( ""::i ~~L-,:;g!:em.!urnp~1ft~Ut1ons for indigent members shall be 2. Report to the Corporation t~r- ka~a.W.biil:fay · · -f1,1~s.1Jb'sijji2'*1,b_y the National Government. The· within- 3_o· calendar days upqf~f1l~Q,yp.ienJ;_.aAEt'"'~'f"--arn0.\!!J!~~6'~~~5..1Y, shall ·be included in the 3. G.!ye_ notice to the.·forpor51.f~2,i}.-up~~paFati~D, "'\"''. ippropri.atio115,.fqf}~ ·poH under the annual GAA of the kasarnbahay and ija'Y tn~)mrr~pbAdir.ig 1.(l/i?R of~.A. N,.bf 7875t Title Ill, Rule VI; Sec. 28, a~ Ph_i_lHeal~h P~E:miu!l) . ·90~!:Jb~Jlons [!:>,.i:__~~~- ,. , .. amende_ql· " \ (j?) - rendered services unt1lk~e,J:late of _sepa~a,12n J_ .: \\ ·,._.-:.-4.\ . _: . . :, . (/RR of R.A. No: 7875, (i=?ul~ 1v},seo"!~,r,?: t~gmen.asPrim}ry M,mber;s · ·. _amended). ·_ : I '.i · felJlale. 's~Llse,,,-p~ the· familie~ 'ide.ntified by · •• _ 1 · ~-4 ij ~:.,~. ~ · ~~~-::::. DSWDJ~e-.!~slgn~ted as the· pnma~y member No~e: : Empl?yer~ of hou... ~l:lqJd1.~~lp ~~i.og;a~/IRE(4!fjf.A.-No. 7875, Title Ill, Rule , re~1stered with the· ~ss· pnqf.-te ~U!Y 1, '[91;.,,.._~rlr~~l.#.~r.[t/rJP.:i{:J'ii;a_s,1ameno,fid). . .. consldereg automatically re!iJ·~tere~:they ~l""lt1i>;tl· <W~~ · required to updat~ their. cecords~ith·th~orJ?.-~-~«,~""/'69r~meny·.of . CJJ:fzens of Other , Count~ies (GM) (/RR pf R.A.-NoJB.75, -Ti~e Ill, Rul<#)V! ~~l-~N-1-~o.!¥inJ!,ih t~e Pp,,irippin~s . . . · · .,_· -21, _as amended)'. ·. . , . ., · -~;;-:,,,_~;,__--~Gfti_?'.~Aro:'\¢.ti-e~,po1:1nt'rfes working in .the Philippines ·· · . . _ · .. ·. · . - . · ·, .,(]).y·)~~':n'l°]fy.-b.'ef\~,w~ffcoverage in- the Program 'providE:ld' , Premium Payment ofJ-f.ousehold Heli~~!J .1\ ~' A-Ra}~tllle.11;,P.'countries have : ·existing. reciprocity · ·The annu_al premi'm11 "contribufio~s· of· lioas~~d !VI1agr~jrne'nts . with t~e. · P"!iJiipJjines,. _s~oject . to helps- shall be fully pf!id in· accor;~anc~ with ttie~=--ifi:fchtional guidelines as may .be prescril::ietl.by the. prov1s1on.s : . of • RA · No. -·.1036.1 . · ~or -·~Batas: Gor"pqratii:m (/RR of_i=<_A· Ns. 7875; Title Iii, Rule II,.. Ka$arri?bahay" (/RR of.$.A" No. 7875,Title JI/,. Rufe · . Sec.. Z6, as. amended).· · . : .. ; . . . . ·. . . /v; Sec. 22r- ... ·. . . . . .. . . sP.EciFi'c· Rl)Llis° coNcERNING cov.eRAGE oF .. SP.ONSORED M.EMBERS .. . . . .· . . . ·· ~PECIFlc RULES. CONCE.RNJ~GCOVERAGE o:F INFORMAL SECTORWORKERS·. · . · Payment fo.r Sponsored Mei:nbers' Cont~ib.utlo.ns. · Payment qf·C~ntribu~ions .·· . .. ·.. The premium payment for. Spon_soredMembers shall' Contributions ,of memb·ers in the inf9rma·1 economy be §i.s fc;>ilows:_ . . · _ .. . · . . shall be· based ·pnmarily hous~hold earnings and _ 1. · .. Me.mbers of· the .informal ecori'orriy· from.'.the assets··(/RRof R.1',.'. Np.-.7875,.~s_amende~,Sec;' 23)_. lower incon:ie segment-·who do not qualify for full• .. subsidy..l!hder the means.te.st ruJe.·of tiw D~WD. · 'cessation · from Formal . En'lployi:nent · shal! _be subsid_i~ed bYthe LG Us odhrough cost . Coverage, as· Indigent, Sponsored Mem.ber, or as . · .. · sharing mechanisms betw_een/afnong L,GUs, Migrant Workers . . .and(or legislative sporjsors. and/or . other: .A .m.emqer separated ·frorri formal emptoymen.t or .. sponsors . "arid/or the "me~ber, including. the · National G·overrim¢nt; · whose cover~ge a ·sponsored m~mber:or ·as cin. :.Indigent or as·a·migrant. worker:has ceased s.hould -pay the required- premium self~earraing iridivi~uals
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SOClAL LEGIS.LATI.ON SAN BEDA LAWCENTRAL1ZEDBM OPERATIONS~ MEMORYAl() 2019 hi
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The premium contributions ·. of orphans, abandoned and abused minors, out-of-school · · youths, street children, persons. with disability . (PVVP), · senior citizens and battered women .. under the care of the DSWD, or any its :.. accredited institutibns run by ·NGOs or any .. nonproflt private 'orqanfzattons, shal( be paid 'by the .D.SW.D and. the funds .nl;?'Ces~ary for .their -Inclustonln.the Proqram shatl be included inthe annual.budqet of th~·1DSWD;. · · . ·. · 3; The needed premiurn contributlons- of all ·.. baranqay heal.th 'i.vqrkers/ nutrition .scholars, .: ):)arangay tanods, and. other baranqay workers 'and volunteers ..shalf be fully 'borne by the LG Us · concerned; . . . . . · .. .Fhe annuat required premium ior·tl:le coverage of up-enrolled women.who are about to give.l?irth . shall ·be fully borne by the National Govet.nmi;lnt . a.nd/or'.LGUs·and/or' l~gisl.ative sponsorsorthe . . PSWD if such woman is an indigeot as,./~ determined throuqh means test (IR.R ot R.A. .fj/r.{,)'J{
BENEFITS: (ln-01,1t-E-HO) . . . · ·. . Members· and their dependents are entitled· to the follO\yin·g · minimum services, subject to the · Iimltations specified in the Act and as may be determined b.y the Corporation: . . . 1 ... In-patient care: (R~D.U-Pres-HE} a .. Room and board; . b .. §erv!ces.of health care professionals; . c .. Qiagnostjc, laboratory; and .other rnedicaf . examination services; _ r.: · d ... of surgical qr 'medical. equipment and . facilities; : . . . . . e. _ Prescription·. drugs and bloloqicale, subject . .to the ,limit~ti
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'PhjlHeal.th Coverag~·.is ~a Requisit'e. for ls.~'Uance ,:· ··.or R~neVl(al. ·of License/Permits . .. .· _ . · . Among.the pow~rs and.-f1..1nctions ~fthe Corpora,tion arid. notwithstafidil)g any 't:Q.. the contrary, all government' erititles -. ind.udfn"g ·· LG Us. jssu'jng professional .or.. b.usiness license· or· permits; s~all require all applic.,mts to sabmit a certificate or p'roof · o(payrnent of Phi!Health premium.~Ciritributions as a pre-requis.ite to · the issu,;ince or· ren~waJ · qf .SU.Ch i1 license or permit (/RR-of R.A.No.1875,'·Tit/iill(Ruie t. .ix; S~c. 34, as amerided). · · · ·
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in· full: the .required ·pte!T)iUrl). 'for. th~: c~lendar ye.ar· (/RR R.A No,; 7875, }We JV, Rufe:/;Sec.' 39, as amend~d).· · . . . . . ··. .· .i'11: addition: ·the ine.~ber is- ~ot. curre!)tly .st:ibject to·· l~gal· penalty 9f suspensioh as provjded Jor ·in Sec. 44 .(lie· Act and has· ·paid· the premium· with sufficient regularity .. The . Corporation· ·may . issue· . otfier. requiremen.ts .f0r· entitlement to.· benefits ·as it : deems appropriate (!RR of R.A. 7.875, Title IV, · R.ule/, Sec.- 39, as amended}; · · .· ·
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.S·OCIAL ..LEGlSLATION. SAN B'l;DA LAW,CENTRALIZEDBAR Of'ERATIONS - ,MEMO~Y AID 2·01~
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The followiAg need not pay the monthly contrlbutlons to be -entitled. to the program's benefits: (RP-NGE) 1. Retirees and .Pensioners o,f the SSS and -GSIS pr1or to. Mar:chA, 1995; and . · .. · . 2.. Members Phil Health who have .teached. the age ·of retirement as provided ·tor''by" law'. ·.No\ Qainfl:IIIY gmployed or continuing their practice . as.- professional and. have·- met· the . required· · premium -contdbutions- of al' Ieasf 120 .rnonths' . ·(lf?R of.R:.4.. No. 1.875, Title IV, Rule. J,.'Sec. 39,
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~ertification of the attending physician as to the final diagnosis, period of confinement and services rendered.
·!he benefits· to _be 9~an_ted shall be 'paid .to -the , · member in the equivalent locaf rate based· on the. Level 3 hospltal category with 'the applicable caserate_p.ayment'(/RR ot RA. No. 7-875, .Title IV, Rufe·//, Sec. 41)>
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Outline of the Significant Chang,es under the UNIVERSAL TWtARE . . . . HEAL . ..~ .. . . . ACT . . . ·
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Dependents . . . . .. ~-' · Coverage. :. · . . The legaJ dependents a; member are. the: (LU- . 21F;60P) ·.. · . .·. . ·' · · .. .. . '. Ev~ry Filipino ·citizen shall.be automatically inclu~ed . · 1. · ,begitil'T!ate spouse who 'is 'not a member; -: . . · . iri .the: National:.Heaith Insurance· Progrc!m (N!:IIP) _(R.A'. N.b.-11223, Se<;. 5). . ... · : . , . 2. !,!l'.)marned . 'and . unemployed legitimate, . ··. l_egitlm~t~d.: acknowledqed, n.I¢giJjmate cli'iidren ·•. . and legally .adopted oi-· .step~hUqr9,_n belo_w_Jl...~~=:J!~~of Mem'~ership: (R:A. No. _11223, Sec. 8) .-Ye.a.rs of ag_e; · . - . · · . ;:P'· · -·u· f.· -sir~ct Contributors · · . · . 3, _Children. who. a~:.21· years· old ~o~o~'e~but . {\. la:Jc· -WO~ewho have capacity to pay premiums,. . . $Uff~riT\,9 from- ·eoogenital ·d~(b,t!!~ ffejff'IJf..[P..-:=-~! ·j .
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Membi;?~~·.a'!dlortf:!eir. '.dep¢.nd~l'1ts§)~aft.b~ .eligib.Le·to' . ·m,aff oL· benefits· ,for confine.rrientls out.side· the · ·. . .country:·i=>r9'1,:i
.. Fin~nceq 'by° the 'Nationa,I .~ov~mm~rit {hrou~h· · .. · . U,e DOfi and provid.ed:'free_of charge ·at poirifc;>f ·.service .tor: all Filipinos'.(R,A. _No. 11 ;223, _se:c:. 7 (a))- . . .. \ . . . . . . · , e. · lndividu.al-:basedhe·alth servie::~s i
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302 I ·2ms SAN BEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS
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.. Serv.i'ces which can be accessed within:a.health' facility or remote.1y·th1;1t cahb~ definitively tJ:aced ·back to one recipient, has limited. effect at. a .. pop,ula\iqn le~el, '·and d~s riot alter. the µndeclying cause of illness (R.A. N_o. 11223, Sec
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SOCIAL.LEGISLAT.10.N SAty BEDA LA.W CENTRALIZEDBAR OPERATIONS- MEMORYAJ0-2019. AM ?CT&P2b &lh&f eee+¥
Financed ~rim_adly. ··.throu:gh prepayment mec_hanisms such- as social health insurance private. health ··insurance, , and. HMO plans t~ ensut~ predictability · of health expenditures . (R.A.. No. 11223, -Sec. 7 (b)). ·· ..i·:·
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i .. M.:utu'AL_ f.u.Nn .Liw oF. 2 o o 9 '.fi.;·· .-· ,_·.. (R~A.d.~:io~ 9679)_ ·. .-· _ . £..
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. .. all suppHes, equipment, pap_ers .or doo.uments shall be ex~mpt from any tax, assesi,ment, fee, charge,: or _.customs or import duty; and all bf:mefit paym~nts made by the Pag~lbig· _Fund ·shall likewise·be exempt · from all kin'ds·of taxes, fees.or charges, and shall not· 'be liable to . attachments, garnis.hments, levy or seizure. by or. under any leg.al or equitab)e process . w~atspever, eithe'r before or after receipt · by the person or persons entitled theret<:>, except to pay any. ·debt of the member to the Funq. ·
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No tax .measqr~ of whatever nature· enacted shail . apply_-to· the··Fund, Li°r!less ·i_t ·~xprEis!SIY ·revokes' the declar~d_-poU-~y qf.th.e.State.jn_ Section 2 "of RA No:' 967~ granting_ t~x exemptiqn to the·F~nd.-,Any tax a.s!':,eSsmer:it against_ th!= Fund-shall be r1ull a'nd void ·
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../ .. The ~O!ll~ D~velopm_ent."Ml.itual. Fi.md·, otherwise f' . Jmown·· · as: _· Pag01BIG · ..(P.agtutulungan' 'sa · (/RR bf ~:A. No. 9679, Rule JV; _Sec.··.:,_:,y.. . · · . . '!/: · kinap.u_kasan:lkaw;Bangko;tnoustnye at Gobyerno) -, : Fund_is-a·govemmeril:financial-ihstitutici.n involved in · rri(?biii~ng 'provident funds · primarily . for -shelter .. COVERAGEt( ·.fina~ce:\_lt.·i~ .a-' _r,atipr:iwi9e · tax-exernpt . mutua!J"~;.:) Mar:i.datory . Goverag·e. ·and; Membership _.of. '° ,.· provident ~avmgs ... system for ,. private ar:1'€1 ,:/t•\ Empl.oyees . · · . ., · : · . .· . . \ ~o.yemment employees and other. earning' gro(..i"p_i{-; • \ Coverage under. ~nd_ membership· in the Fund shall ._/ sui:portec:I b.~'f!latclji~g m~n?atqry co~t:ibutio~~;"-- f, -: _be manda!ory for the following:_ (CIYIU~) ·. . · ;I- . !he1~ re~_pectry.e· ~!11~1orers m the spirit . of ·~o~!~I ·. , :· emP,l'iW'ee_s~ho. are··f.ompulscnly covered by ~~-' . JUStlce and _the pursutt of._national developrT}_~!Jf(witti(:)1'r·-·~.:...!~E:-~91%; Prov1_ded,. that -for : purposes. of { . hotJsing as the pfim?ry jnvestrb,ent (IR!ff'd'£.l~.A.No.~.· . ':1andat9r:y_cov_~rag~in the-fund of persons who ~ . 9679; Rule IV, 'Sec.t) ... · , . . -<)(~/,, '<(.;:;::.,'i are· coj'p)Jlsonlycovered by the SSS, . the . ' . .. ' . . . ·. \ \,~·c.(}<,..-:,•. ..d-:_ r\ .term shall b~ understood the manner _I: -.P~hc~ ?f th~ ~tate . . . · ._ r'\ by w~1c~Lit~~iSSS _defines._it'.°·an~ shall include, ff; . It ~& the pohcy _'9t t_he Slate J!;>;_'.;estab,U.~JiV ae·velop~_ but jot h'lf'Jteot\to:·(_Ptl-FS-SeP) . . ,· . ·t. _, p~omo~ •. and mt~rate. a ·rf~,tiJ:>)i'!".i_~~:f.<:>u~d~r:id. ·. ':;._/A:.,J~~~ya~~ 1;,~-~plo~e_e,whetlre: permarent, -~ ... v1aple tax,-exempt mutual pro'.'ieferit.savin'g~ sy§t~ffl (\: ~':t1:;r.i;p,.9[~!-~,'?.M~ro:v1s1onal, _wJ:.io_1s nor over 60_ ·~· $uitable .to .ttie n~ecjsi of _the eropJoYEfJ:a~d!····1 · ·"ye.a.rn:mdY-- .. · . · ·. · . . · _: -' · · ;~-- · · earn ii)~-- ~rouP.s, an.a fo' mpti~atEi. th~~io' i;,):_(ter'pl~'n.·; ),:/ . b. A .t!_ous~ho!_d-helpe~·~atning at.leas.t:P-~ '.000 .. an_d_prov1d~- for their ~01,1_s1ng~needs';:b.y,.r:ne~ership. j ;,.-,-...-i. . . a mon~h. ·. . .. · .. ·. · '. · . · 1- .· -rn theH?~~ De.":efc:ipi:n~n(M_utuai Fui:lc((.fun<:l).-~it.~.,....:-..;-·.)-·.;:.;:~~--µ\.Eilipino§ei;ifarer !JpOn. the-signing the . man1.~~~ry.con~nb?,!qr_y sup'port of th~(e,mpl~>Y.~rs,.rn -...-,~- -~-'S1~fldard.. contract of emp_loyr:ne11t betwee~ . ;_,... . the SPJrlt ·of. SOCJal JUSt1Ce. an·d the. tiurslJjt of national the seafarer and j.he manning agen_cy Whicti, . , '. . ' developrr)ent '(!RRof R;A. No.·:9679,Rur~ll/-Sec:1).' to~etner with the forei,gn shipowner,. -act as . er)'.ipfqyers, a)'.ld, . · _ i,,~ · _ Pro.vlderit:Characfe,r· . . . . . .,; . .· . d.- _A _.§.~lf-~ruployed :eerson;" regardless·· \ · . The _F4~<;l ~liaJI .be priva"te_in charact~r•. pwni9d wholly· · trfide,, bu::,i[less or;· occupation, With . an t.:· . _by the .members, administered in trust and applied . inc.ome of at lea~t P.1,000. a month .. and not · Y exclusiv~ly for ·P,eir benefit. AU" the perso.nal arid ov.er _60. yei:fr$ old. ··rhis .includes but not f · · ._emp.loye,:_.cqntri~utic;msshcill·l)e_fully credi'ted to.each . limited to; · · · _:·. : .· · :-- · · ~ · .. · ,: r' .. !11ember;acc~unted .for-individua'lly'.and transferable i, . ffelf-employeci"professi6na1s· ,• · '\ 1!1 ca~~ of change ~f _employm_ent: · ·. · !i. · Bus_iries& partner;; · · · ' . · .· \ : iik Single· proprietors and ~.oard directors· ~; , . Th~Y. _Shall ea_m d.ividends a; providecfill. t_he iv:. Actors, · :_. actresses, ·. · direc.tor~ Rules .. The" said. ·-amO\Jnts shall . coris'titule the· ~criptwriters· .arid n'ew_s· reporters" wh.~ ·.· .1· . 'prpviden_t fund o(~ach"rriem(;jer: to l:ie'pajd to hi~ or. . are_. ·not ·under an employer-employee ·, :her, . his- or .her. estate'. or_- b"en"eficia'ries upbn . . relatio·nsh_ip;. . .. . . . . ' . .. )\ . termination ·ofinemeership,'or.trom Which perlptieral · v .. Profei;;sional athletes, tqaches, trai~ers·, ~:, . ben~fits".fcir the.member mayo~ drawr{(iRR of $.A. · · and jockeys;· ;· · · · .. If: · N<;>~ 9679, Rule /V,.Sec. 2).. · ·· . · ·. ·. · vi. Farin~r~ pnci'fisherfolks,'arid • . }.. · · · · vii. Workers io"_lhe"infomia1' sector such.as· E~empt~on (ro~· Tax;· P.~o~~s~-~~d Li.en cigarette vendors, wat~h-yout-ca.rJ:)oys,. , : · ·· Tlie Fund· ai:id all Its assets- and properties,· all among.bthe_rs. · · · .. . . ;., . contr(butior:is collected and ..all-accruals the.reto·and l_nconie o~ investment eam"ing~.therefrom, as well _as
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. ~ Note: Full-time· spouses who volunteer to be .. ~ ccveredby the Fund as- provided for under these '. · Rules, · shall 'adopt as a basis . of monthly ·j contrlbutions 1/2 of the monthly compensauon, ;income of the employed spouse. _The .full-time .'. spouse· shall" not be jequireo to pay the · .; . employer's 'contrfbiltlon (/RR of R.A No. 9679, ·; .. Ruie VI, Sec. 2}.·
.Not.a: Actual membership inthe SSS stiali .not.be a condition precedent for mandatory coverage in the· Fund.Jt bei_ng sufficient that the person oug~t to be covered compulsorily by the·, SSS. . . 2.
All· employees wtio are subject .to Mandatory ·coverage . by the GSIS, regardless of ·their empfoyrnent s!atus. · _ . 3.. !!niformed members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP), the Bureau of FlreProtectlon ·.2. Fil.ipino employees of foreign government or (BFP). the Bureau of Jail. Management and ,international_ ~rgariiza_tion, or their wholly-owned · ·. ·. Penatogy- (BJMP), and-the Philippin_e National ·.. . . instrumentality based in lhe Philippines, .in the Police_(PNP·}.' ·· . · · · absenceof an administrative agreiementwiththe 4. Filipinos .employed . .by f.oreigh-b.ased · Fund; · ' employers. Coveraqe under' the i::-und shalt be · s. · ··Emplqy~~s otan employerwho. _is granted a· • mandatory .for Filipinos employed. ·by 'foreign· waiveror suspension ·ot coverage by the Fund. based employers .whether deployed. here "or · under RA. 9679; . .. . . . . . : . abroad, or a combination thereof, but whose · 4:. Leaders. ahd° members ofreliqious groups; . : respecnve 'employers. ·are' exclusively bas~,,........,.....,,,.,;.~-.· A member-separated from 'employment, local or. outside 'of the Philippines. The employ.3t.s•sfia1~ "f, ..,. -~~b~d_; .or'. ceased. to }:>e · ,self-employed, but. : . • .n_ot °:e subject to mandato~ cover~,g.e?:ProPJ..ded, "f:.W9tilc;f•m~ttocontinue payi',:i~ his or her per_sonal . . that' 1f the _e(Tlployer rnalntalns °81]..-offtce~r,ta~p!""""==-::::.-.-~ . cJ>nt~Jb.J!ti~·Such nif::mber may be a pensioner, · in the Philippines effe9Jiy,:e1x_ -~~~~tor~r:-\l)Y o~~er _lndivi_dual with passivl3' employer of the· F11Jp1no, \9en~ut9(offi~~...Q",..--~·==-,..-...u;i.corqe:;-gr?alloranc.es; · agent-shall' be de_emed·.a~~l'ilployp,'sl!.loject ,!i)~ L"Ji "PoBJic~~G~~-\or_ ·.einploye~s who -~re._ not. nianda_tory· coverage unQ.er ~1.y./~67.9/ (!RR of A'u. co~1{ed \o}f' ·!~·\1__GSIS,. such as Saran~ay R.A. No. 9679, Rule V, ?ec.1). R :11it»''ts Offlc1,als~ \~ (J) "'ti:icludmg ·. · · . Barangay ·1. · r.---;:-~.!j'l)fl '"'.'--.-cn-±i1men;-'Baran,.q'\~ · .. Council M1;1mbers,. MandatQry Coverage of Empt~~~[~ . ~ r.·-~.hai, en: \r"~~9~iiu·niang _Kabataan, and._. . Cove~age und~r:the Fund s_1a_!!,,tie:(Tlandato for Ba ,, ngay S]Clr.etaJi~~ a['id Treasurer~; and•. following;. ,.. . \l ~~~ ~ ~-;-:S:. 7.. .Su,C:ff?'~ttieg. earnLhg . groups. as may -pe · · .1. Employers of employe,es c~mp_~1sc)~;1i·1~r.e "ff .,.. gs'\ cJet~r~hed,~Jby?"'.'t.~e Board· · 1;>y rul~s. and · by the SSS .. ~hese_ lbclu~? ~~~~it J.,.,.@~~;::f~~ tiomf!(JRR:6t! R.A: No. 9679, Rule \I,·. Sec.· ~mployer_s ·prey1oµ~ly -~.rc!nte}\ .wa~. ~··.1 ~~r-•.,,..,. ' · .#. · · · suspef!sion 'of coverage ,or. what~er f · ~ ·.. /. . J.7 _ . . .·· · , .. ·under f'-D. No: 1752,_ as am~~d~d: Tli~ m_aQ~9:'[ '\\. _:,/;_if.y:· f~r~J(r:i: ··go"'.emment,. internatio~al . . ·agencies together with the tot.~gn·_.sh1~~f~_Er :.i 1Jr~zat10'l}-,,W ,Jtieir. wt10lly-oymed mstr.umentahty. · shall be : corisicfered ·jointly· and: s-~efa§iia~e.e:=<.:',..el)iplp~~g.)W2J:i
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2. · Employers · whose· coverage had · been. . previously 'suspended or waxved·.for whatever reason undar P.O. No. 1752,.their coverage-as . w~II as 'that of their employees shall take effect atter the· expiration ·of their respective suspension orwaiver' ot coveraqe:' and3: Voluntary members; coverage shall comme'nce on the actual date of reqlstretlon (IRR of R.A No. 967-9, Rule V, Sec. 4). • ·
-Terminati~11 of Membership: (MDR-PTbl-DTO), Membershlp in PAG-IBIG shall, be .terminated anytime upon the occurrence of any of the following, provided that the member's financial obligations with the Furid are first fully settled. ·· 1. Membership Term Maturity;. · . 2.. Death; Retirement; . . 4. _e:ermanentIotat Qisabllity or Insanity; · 5. Perrr.ianent_Qepartlire fror'ii the country; . 6. ·rerminati<;in from the servlce. by. reason of . health;and 7. Q.ttier causes as may be .provlded for PY :u-i·e • z , Board ofTrustees ·(/RR of'R.A. No. 9679,· Rule .. v, ?ec. 9).: · , : · . . · · .. ·
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Note: Tlie· actual' membership .in .ihe Fund .shall commence only upon remittance- of: the initial contribution and not at polntof re'gistration (/RR of R,A. No, 9679, Rule v'. Se~. 4):' · · ·
Registratjpri of Employers · . . . . . AJl·new .empJc:iyers·shall firstreqlster with P.AG~tBIG · . Note_: Occurrences other than -the .above, -such as prior ·10 the start of their businessoperations. : .: · . - . resiqnatlen; lay-off or suspension from employment, . . shall not constitute a grour.id for. terminatlon.. of · All 'employers who are not s,ubject- to ·-m~nda.tory ;-r:~ -mambershlp, 'Such occurrences shau only ..result, to . .. coverage prior to RA. No. 9,Et79 and these Rut~,S.{.<)l suspension of contributions..· · · · shall register forcoveragebefore- January ·1. 20~-e-~.,,-, I\ ,, . . _ .. · . . .." · · unless ·a different .date is set·_·.tiy. th~ . ._Boarrresp?nding. businesses and employe_es, ~(HJJf) 30.,0:i:iy,~from·t~.e~. Pl( employ,tfr's qpritriltut,on pursuant to these Rul~s start of their"busines.s.operati~!1s( ·.=:::::'?/fl\ · ~~ ,._ ·. F'1: _flRR bfR.A. ·No_,_Q.frl9;_Rule y,·_seq. 9) ..
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For, new!y° ·hired. ·employees, tffeT'~rJf~l'l1v.~r.. shJit,'., Retirement .~:....._ . . . . ·. ·.:. -: · .. regii;;ter them with th!:! Furid within -'30 ·gaysYtom.the, member _shall be· <;ompulsorily retired undedhe start of. their employment (/RR of R.f't-. ·,Vej.· 9679, .:r."·11~1r.unC'ilt.t.lROn reaching age,. 65. The 'niember Rule y; Sec. ~)... ·. · :. · i,(r.:'.:.~:.,. .-ti'&W~~t'Efr~~tto retire earlier uncfer tfie. Fund upon , ··J/V . , .the ·-occu_rrence of any of. the following=·events·, . Reg_i$t~atior1 ofthe_Se_lf-e:mplore.d . ~Q;.::~1 . _proyided the. metnber is not·.a member-borrower:_ ..The,self-ernployeq who ar.e_ subject. fo:compuls.ory · (Ar~-~~}. .. · · : · · . · ·- · · . coverage sh'all. register with the Fur.rd. with1,n30. days 1. ·8ctual re.tir'emer:it-fron1.the SSS or GSl's,. or from .from 'the date he or she "start.ed:to-~es~ff.aemployed. . ,government s·~rvic~ by- provision of ta:w; .· ··. · . ·· . · . '.· . ' . ,. 2. R!:!tirem¢nt. under. a .§e.Qarate· .. ECJ1ployer if the -~elf:employe.d shail b~--recj~ired to obia/n the ·: · Providei:,~ or !~tirement-plari. _proyJded, that the .. . neces'sary· permits···and/or licenses, other than 'the .·· member is at.least45 yea.rs of age.at the time._of· . lfcen.se·· ,required·.· ·for .· prf,!CliCing a p_articular =retirement; a.na ~ · .. ' . . profession, prior tc:i the. pr~ctice of his o"r.he·r .$elf3. \Jpon · reachi119 the ami of .60 (/RR R.A. Nb. · employment, he or sl'ie shall regjs_te_f wit11. trie· Fu.hd 9679, Rulf:J_ V, Sec. _10): prior to .engaging in·sVch (!RR ofR.A. No. 967.fJ,· Rule· v_,'sec: -7). · · . · · · : In U,e.event·the ·~embe"ropts·to retire earlier · from the Fu rid for reasons ·Stat~El. under items .2 and . 3 above, and therea_ftei' continues or_:s1..1bseq1,1ently . Membership Term . · places him or· herself· 1r.i ci situatfon wtirch . would . Membership. in. the Fund $h_all be· fo( a period ·of 20 .. subject .him or hers'elf to manq,;1torycoverage, :then .. years commencing. from the-first day of tl'!e.·.month,to the· member. sha)L,continue to be. mandatorily. .wt:iictr the 1T1eh1ber'~ initial contribution ·tb the F.ucid · covered ·by. the Fund· and his.· of. hef · emplqyer is applies~.. Provided, ·that. th~ rriem9~r·· shall. have· .. mandated. to contin'ue·.deducting and remitting 'the · · conb'ibute(l a total of 240 monthly contributions at · empl0yee's _requlr.ed ccintri~ution -together with the tl:ie·llme of maturity (/RR of R.A. Nq. ~'679; Rule V, . correspol}ding erriployer!s contribution pursuant to ; Se9.-B). '. ,:: . these Ru.Ies (/RR of,R.A. No. 9679, Rule V, Sec. 10). ~· .
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Permanent i".ota1 Disabil(ty . The fpllowing·disabilit~s·shall be. deemed total and permanent: (TD-C-L2:.P2-13-S) · . . · . 1.. Temporary Iotal Qfsability .lastinq continuously for. more than· ·120 days; · 2. _g_ornple_te)o.ss of sight of both eyes: 3: Loss of 2 limbs at or over the ankle or wrist; '4'. p~rrnaner'lt complete faralysis of 6 limbs; · . · 5. · Brain .lnjury ' re~ultiog .ln [ncurable"[mbecility. or .!ri~a.nity;_an_d -; . 6.. ~1,1ch other easeswhlch are .adjudged to be total and .. permanent di~ability" by a 'duly licensed 'pbyslclan .and ·_approved by .the Board (/RR of . F{A)N~. ·9679, Rule ~: Sec-:-~ 1). · .· . · · ·. : .
Effect · of Reslqnatlon. or· Separation. from Employment . In ihe event a member-saver r~signs or is otherwise separated · from employment,· the member-saver's monthly contribution together with the corraspondlnq . employer's monthly contrjbutlons to the Fund shall . cease. Such .mernber-saver may. opt to continue ' paying -andremittinq "to the Fund directly hisor :tier · monthly contributions together with' the employer' : counterpart to be shouldered by hin:{orher. .
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"A member-borrower, ·. on ih.e . other hand; continue to-pay and rerriit directly to _the Fund his or, . her monthly contributions and- loan arnortizatlons or · payments. The dufy of .111:e employer. :to deduct · .. Einpl~y~r•s·Flduci~iy O.bfrgi,ttion· . .. m,:mthly arnertlzattons.or payments for. the.memberThe employer assumes 'a fipuci~ry relationship wit_h · . borrower's' : outstandlnq . loan · with the "Fund as both the Fund and· the -rnember concerned · as · ,.. provided for under" Section: -2 of this. Rule-'-'shall regards }he - let~~r·~ . contribuflon and the. r6:q·~.tr:i~-=""""l~.~~·oise cease:,_ . . . . ... . . .. .. employer contribution, as· wel~.as the rer;p1Wclnce y ··y 1' ~~ · . . · .: · . thereof to the Fund. . . . · · . . . p;_? .Q. ) .tl\~ia9.lb~l:i~duty of the employer to jnform the Fund -~:;~.f:.i1J.@. h~~~9n'cl._~on.orsep?ration-immediately·upon. The employer lik_ewis~ a~s.umes.~·wsa~~i!911Cfary · nolic'ektpereqr-N;il!IJr:iot later.·than. 30 days from the · relati6ryship with both the Fun-9"1-ah't:l~th~~.!Jlb.er""""."'~ffru:;tlyit'5t:-9fsai
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Short·Term Loan Proqrarns are meant to provide d, Refinancing of an existing mortgage, assistance to Its 'members·•. provided they are active. . speeifieallya lot loan, with construction of a . and have made at least 24 monthly. contdbutions. · · ·residential. unit thereon (2019 DOLE -There are two short-term. loan · programs that a ·. Handbook on Workers' Statutory Mi:>nlf)fary· · member may avail of when the need 'arises: . ~ Bf§ne[its, supr« at 64-65). .. . ' 1. : Ml_.Jlti-P4rpose Loan _f>rogrc!m is designed to . . . help fin_ance me.mb~rs'.. immediate. medical, . -Under th~ rJiagaang Pabahay, Dise.n'teng Buhay f:. .. : ~du_cati0nal. or. lfvelihood peeds;. ~ino·r home l:'rogral'r'!, a qualified member may purchase an ·;r,:.. ' improvement, . purchase of _. appliance and. acquired.asset of the Fund either in cash qr through ·: · · : furniture, and other related· needs; and · . a housing· loarr-at very reasonable, prices. A 'buyer j... · 2 ... CiiJaniJty t.oan" Progi:am ·is extended to who purchases an acquired asset iri cash is· entitled. ·· · members ·who have been. affected. by a· recent _: : . to- ·a 20% discount orr the .. property's .sates prip:e, calamity, as proven-by a declaration of calarnity · ·.. while-a buyer who purchases thrpugh a housifrg loan , . in: the,ir· .erea of .resfdenc~ (20.19 .. DOLi{= .. · .. 'is entitled toa :15%·.discount. on.the property's sales Henabcok · or:: vvorkers', Statutory ··Monetary. Price (2019 DOLE H~ndqook on -\1\1'.orkers's't;:itutory, Benefits,sup,ii at 64).. · · · · · · ·· .. Monetary 9:en,efits,·~upra at 6_5):. H'~·usi~g Programs· . . - Eligibilit/R~qulrem.ent~for Housing.Loan·:· Ar:re.ligi!)lemember may avail of housinqloans in the . . : (M-Not65,L_S~No,-Not-Up) .· ... ·. . · . "form~ of either the l;nd.-Uset Financing .Prcqrarn or,../'). :_ 1'. Must be:~a _Member under the Pag-lBIG for at . the Magaang Pabahay, Dlsentenq Buhay Progrij_~:·/{.{ - . lea~t ·24 months, as e_videnced by the remittance . . (2019_ DOLE· Hendbooi: · on , Workers' Stafl(-lot)?\,~;.;\ ... · . of at leas~ :24.month_lycontr.lbutions at the-time of · Mon'etary-Benefits;.~s~praat 64-65.)- , . · .· : 'tY~~ ., ._~ 1;,J: . .apphcallon. . , · ·. . . . . . . . ~ . :. . . . , . . . · ... .), , ,.~.,, 1;~.,--~·.,.,~ Not. m9.f,~ than 65 years· old at the date of loan f . . · N.ot~: Under ttie. ~~d-,U.se,: Financla~ ~ro~r,am, \si'~J1~~~.s.it.,:~P,Pl!cati9~ an~ .. rri,ust l;te insurable; ·p_rovided · ·if· ·. mem~er may avail of. a -loan .to finc)n<;_e.·>.~p}··ifthe~-· [j · · .fufther1t9.~,~he 1:3 not more t.h~n 70 years old at .. . h · follow1:1g, . . . .. · . . . (··.t": : /~1:} · · 1.Cilar m~}~rity:;. · . · , . .. . . &," · 1 .. Purchase of .a full~ de,Veloped lot.Ji,C?!.~cee;pip,~---);.~\' 3.. Has-~hj'~-i;j,~Icapacity.to ~cguire a.nd encumb~r~- . 1,000 square meters, whi.ch ~9)0_tjl.~'}',Athin a h real ~p~rty;;._ . : ·. · ··. : · · residential.~rea;. · ·. · ·. j./., · .\~..,, .·. ~ )i .. ~as1 ass;ed-Sati~fac.tory bac~~round/credit a~d : ·2. Pwchase,. of a, r.es1~e.r~17 l)ou~~,.-a_n~ · }.f?.t,." ~)TI_j_oy~~g,~1,:,es,s ~hec~s conduct~d. by the_ ·; · . to~n~ouse:or condom1r:ullo/lll'lltfCir'w_\i's1ve"qf;t . i:':/;. .. -~~~~fr~':}f..t!Jff,Pag-lBIGFund; : . f .parkmg s_lot The.unit may 11~,JOrY'!~);;:-~ .. ('7-,'!i: .9· i:~s-u.No·t~~~ra.~di!1g, Pa97fl3f<:3· h?using loan,' ( . , a .. · Qld 9r brand .new; · . . . ,-~v.r--:,:;;\· :·· y: · t,1 . either as a pnnc,pal bom;:>w~ror- co- borrqwer; . b. A property _Mortgaged \'l,'ith~e.Fun0\~0r. ·. ;it~6·, · Has Not.avaif~d_of:.a Pag~IBIG housing.loar that. J' .·.... · · <;°. ·.Ar\. 8Gquir~~- asset,..:wtii~b. :is-;;~~~os~d,,.of~~·:~;::!~~~.Mecl_ose~'~ricelled' . .:?-ought back due. to ~,· · · .. · . through sea!ed public q1ddin~t, r:ie9G?!1a~~-:--·~::~efau~._or s~bJecte_d to·da_c,o_ri,:en pago, ':'~'.c~ .: . · · .-sale, ,or the Rent-to-0.wnProgfa'm.·. ·. '•ru . . .: · · shall· include .cases where the borrower, 1s no· ~- ... -3 ... ConS:t!'}ld!on-or<9ofnpletion-·bf a re1\~~1.unit ·. . . ·1o_!°lg~r. _ihte'reste.d pursue the. loan . and . ·i;m a-lot ownea.py,th'ennember; · · s.urrende.rs_.the.property; and. , · · . . : :4, . ·Home' imprpvem·en.f. ·i.e.· any alte_r:,atiorr in· an. '.?. ,May' -pav~·· c1n outstanding·: Pag-lBIG. -mul~iexist\ng· r~side_ntial, · ·.unit· intend.ad·. by·. : a · purpose roi;in·but,which is .!!J2d~ted in payments· homeowner· to'.b~ ~- perrpa_nent integral -p~rt- of· · aftt:ie'\i.me 19an application:, A :mem.t>e~·wnose · ._. .• th~ . prope'rty; which wil~ ~nhance' its durability multi.::P4fPOSe loc1n.is:ir,i:.arrears 'shc;1II be required i. '·ancfrrtaferial.vah.ie;, · .... , ,' · '· .. • ·/·:'.-,._ '.·to·pay tJis.a'rrears'O)/erthe.countertoµpd?te his .: 5 .. Refinanc;ll')g 9f an ·existirig<_mortgage.. lf,'jth kin . accoun~. (20.19 DOLi= ·fela'ric{booJs:on· W.orkers' ili.stitu!ion acceptaJ:>)~ to.the, Fund,·~frovioed. lhat: . Stail!.l9ry. Mon.e!ary· B.e.nefits,· supra at' pp. ·65- . .a. The. Joan. is not in d~fault. within ··the: 1-Z · . · 66). · · · .... .-. · ... . . . : · months_ p~iodq_;the dat_¢ ~fappl!catloil;.· . .. I t . .. · b.. The said:loaQ has a.·repayment history of at · Death Benefits· . ·; · , ··:two 'yea'ts..V,:ith. t'he· original mortgagee. . '.' · .. · upon t!1e death .of a ri'te.mt>e'r,l)is or her beneficiaries . -Com.binciuo:n·_of_ loan. purposes, ...wtiich. shall be . sh'all be. enti.tled to death be'ne_flts ln an. arri'gl,In! to _be limited to the.-foU-Owir:ig:· .· : . ·. ·. ·. · determin~~ by the. B.oard: ii') adqitio~ ·_to th~ Total.. 1;1,. · Ptir~t1a!3e of · a · fully ,· d~velop.ed. lot not · .· . Accumul~ted Value as mentione_d. provided for under . :-exceeding 1,000. squa·r;e· rhete~s-:, and; · ... . in Section··5 hereof (/RR .of R.A. No,. 9679; _Rule' IX,· . · .. ·. construction of a residential unit' thereon; : . Sec. 1 O}. · . .,.. .· : ' b. Purchase:of a re~identi~I _unit, whether old . ··, · . or new, with home improvement;·· c. ·Refinan.cing of ah.. e~isting mortgage with .. '< ·.. home im_prov~ment; · · ·· · ·
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Dtvldends . . .The Board shall set aside annuallyan amountwhich jn no.case shaf] be less than 70% of theannual net income of the fund, to be paid 'in the form of· 'dividends to members .. · . . The member's ~cintrib~tions, inclusi~e of employee's .and employer's. contributlons, shall earn .dlvldends which· shall· be. distributed annually and creditedto his. or. her r,AV.) · · ·. · · ·
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The· exercise this option by the member 'shall not· be considered as a g~ound to terminate his ·. · membership y;ith · the Fund-. The member shall . -continue to.be rnandatorily covered by the Fund and 'his or her employer . is mandated to continue . deductin·g and remitting the .ernployee's required contrlbution .' together with . the correspondinq · employer's contribution . pursuant: to· these. Rules
(/RR ot R.A: No .. 96.79, Rule .IX, Sec;·9). :·· ': · · .Only' memb~rs .:Vilh.. outst~n.din~'TA'.ic;1s.bf year-end.. shall be. entitled to· dividends 'declared .forJhat .-. 'particular·year. All dividend earnings shall be taxPag~tBIG . C.ontribution$ are -Excluded from· the ·fre~ (/RR of R.A..No, 9679,. Rule IX,. Sec. :4)::· · . Cornputatlon'of ·the Gross Income . . . . ·. . . . . . Pursuant to .Section 32 (B)(7)(f) of the 'National Mandatory . Contributory :Support' of. -the Internal Revenue Code of 1997, as amended, Pcig~ · Employ.er · · ·· · · IBIG .. · Contributlons a(e exeluded· · from · the In ·the . spirit _of social justice and . the pursuit __ 91;.,.,,~-==,.9.2_mputatibnof fhe gross income and shaf be · nations] development, ·the member's contrig..ution'to ,~xey'!i,>t,f.romtaxation.(IRR of R.A. No. 9679, Rule IX; . tl')e f'.=i:Jn.cl-shal!_ b~ wit~ th~- ina.~clatorf P;,~fitril)h1tory,~' J_Sf!,C. 125:';''"-\ . ·. . . · support ?f the employer ~$ prov1ae~:;.f6r~nay.rlJ'h~--·--"'""'~£r Rules or as may'be.provided for 9Y2'~ Bg_a~q,~.?' . Pay.m~,pt~GlaJ~s·and _Benefits .. . ,. . . · · · . · · ·;f '-1:)/_;>_.c,.,,,.,,,, - ...,....,_,.r""7'T-h~E_untl::sfiall PCO!flptly pay the. benefits provided Notwithstandi,iig.' any contract}~;tJ;ie'.'.f6f1Vary,aB_i w,,r.· in .R1.ile{tt~·,Q!1'ftl-e~lRRto the member .. or to "sucf.l .empl~yer.shall n.ot·cteduct, dirfct1y:i:>(V1dire8t1y,-frol3i .~I\. .l,),arsons\as rr.f~f b~ ~ntitled thereto in accordance ~~ -compensation .~f ils e~11eff~e_e~,ioverf~---~-the Ruf~ provider! lhnt t.he · 1r(/~· witl) ~he Jprovi~~q.!1sf9f+faid. Fund, or ,othe,w1se rec1ver,~flj?m-.tf-.~m. 1fie'""""II , · i1~~ssaJiY· supl()oitlt)g f.dpcuiue11l~. ,ue submitted employ~r.·s 'contri.bution.wit~r~pe.e.~ to:·SUC~(/RR "o!;r.Ji . ~ag:~herf,wi~h th~ ?:ippii'.f~!ion f6_f pr.~vident Claims. In ~.A. _No, 967[}, Rule IX, :Sec; 11,.""A _U · . ' . . ,,b_ ~fillr~r~t1onllieretq,ijUri~·"f ~ref Exe.cutrve Offic.e~. shall.· · · ·. , · · . · · ~ ~---t U · r-1( . · ,:: ·: ~ssue Jb~ecessaiy5rules and · procedures,- to Acts of the ·.Employer. st\al! Pr'e~t·~@di~~~~-:f. t;,~lffit~~l),i.. pijGe~si'r~~ and payment of the_ l)aid iytemb.er · · _. ~ _\\l..v \\ ·[iJ· i£i,P-\;Jl1,e rts g}rld claims· {t~R.pfRA. No. 9679, Rule x, . failur~. or refusal of.t.he ~mplqyer.to \~y 6 {\S"f,mift ·1 ~~e\!'W. }1·· . / · · ·· . . · · ... . the contributions rerei,:i:-pr:esc,;ibed, o~~,s--m~-fi~:,~ · I .. ..Jf . . · . . _ · ~rovided.for by t.h~ Board; sb~\nc;>t ·pfej~d(o'~Jh_~~~ju~i?~tf.on· ·_an·9'-Settlement· of. Cl.aims and: . nght of tJ:le covere_d e.mployee ·to .~,e ben~Jili;,.\lQcle~~i~);ltes ""'~ j_f. , · : . ·. . R.A. 9679 ,and~ the~e ~\J)es. (/RR_ b'f:ft?~_Af~;if.9'.~~.,.,"'sc="'"F~e""\~~f; ,~alt hav~. o~iginal:.. anq . exclusi"'.e ·· Rule IX,· Sec.. 2). ·. · · . ·. ., - (J.'.t_ : . 1'i { ·,t1f~dip11.9fr..;:6ver_all clar~ns· and, d!spytes .o.n any 1: .· ., · · · · · . · .· ·- .· . lV.n..KmalJ,t:rPl'etative . to ihe imptementc;1tibn of the Return of Cohtrlbut,ons . . . ' :~~'pf'gvisiori's .. ·oLRA.- No. 9679 ·and these .Rules·. A member. shali
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Note: 'Full pay consists of basic salary and mandatory allowances:fixed by the. Regional Wage , Board, if any (2019 Handbookon worker'sMon.etary Statutory Benefits, p. 29). · . · . ·
PATERNITY.LEAVE
{R.A~. No. 81.87) .
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{t ··:M_eanl~g of Paternlty Leav~ . : · . i, Paternity Leave refers to the benefits granted to a
Conditions for Entitlement · · The married male employee shal! be .entitled to ~y married male .employee.allowing him not to report for paternity leave benefit provided that h'e has met the' work fors~veri'.(?) days' but contlnues to earn the ·rollowing-.condition·s: (£-CAB). · ·· · ·· . ·. . / . compensatlon tberetor/on the condition that his 1 .. He ls an !;.mployee ~t the 'time of the d.elivery of t . spouse . has . delivered : a child or. suffered ·a . his child' . . . . . \. .l"f'!)Sca~(i.age for· eriabllnq . hlrn to eft:ectlv.ely lend 2., He is ~~habitingWit~:his SpOU$~. et the time sh~· . .·~ .. sepport'to his _wife lrrher period recovery and/or in gives birth .at suffers ·a tnlscan:iaga;... . ..\, ·:. :.: :: '<· . th.e.nur~ing-o.Mhe·newly-bprn.c_hild (R.A_.. No .. 8187, 3 .. ·He has·.~plied. for. pat~rnlty .le~ve y.;iffr:l'iis ~;.· .:·, Sec. 3). : . : · employer; . : ·. ·. -.-:... ·: . . ... · .: , . · · :. : :·. · .{; · . :- . . . 4. His. Wi!.e · has · given . ~frth· $Uffer~cf;-'--:a·· . ::'. Purpoae: . . mf~carr-iage (R{!.vis~d JR[?· a.n.« No:.. 818-7 for . ;.} .. The· purpose. of this benefit ·is: to allow ·the husband . the Private Sector, Sec, '3). . . '( :·to -le~d. support to 'his. wife clllri~g. the 'period of . . . . . . ·. . . ·. .. . . . . . . . .. ·,. recovery and/orin the rtursjh'g of the newly born chilc:J.::('.--;') N_ote:. Cohab1t~ng ·m.e.an~· the .. obli~ation ·.of. the, (2019 Handbook. on Worker'~ Monf)tary St~tu(tiJ&, ·/::,, husband ~nd w1_fe_t? hv~ together.. If the spo~_ses are . · . Benefits, p. '2~). . . .. · not physically hvirrg together because · of the ':. '· . ,:. · . . · .. Lsr:-.:1;. ,·,;,,•! workstation or occupation, the male.employee is sljll ·coverage·' :. ·'. . · . ,. . . . ):· 1.i· = ,q'.!_ .• e,r:J1i,t~ed lorthe paternity· leave. ben(,)fit .' (2019 it· · !h8: Patern:(tYi.._e.ave is g_ra~ted to male e'!}P}.9feJs{)1~:.:::!1f~_1f~~~~3;W9rker's _Mon~tary Stc1tutot.y_Behellis, · · in b.oththe publ_1~rnnd:the.pnvate sectofr~.f.ius: ~ 7jl p.29).. 1. ,-EyefY,- ma~r.i~d _male employee .w_.,t~.Er .'pfiV~tlef ~,· • jf;{'\ ,,' · , : \ · · .· · . s·ecto,r· sha,11·: 'be . entitled to P.at13r-,i)tY.•.Jr.aid< (,~. Th_e term 1f~~e · ref~rs to the la~I wife, which · . - benefits for the first. fot1r ..(4)_,.9jfiverJ'e'.~f.!?yhis O. mE!afls thf,wima~who 1s l~gally m~rr,ed to the mal.e · · 1awtul spou·se· under_:such t~,msar;ia ~ondi.tiori§~ .. emplo~er.o/coicerq_~d (~ev,se.dIRR.o_f R.A. 8187 for ·a~· provide_d:ti~_ law (Rf!.fsi,:'cjLfir.F$.;,6,f~ftA.No:_"'· the P~1;:,f!te 1(d)). . . .. · -: .
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Go~er~ment employees are~l~9"·~r;iTif!~~to·fti~' .' !-+i? Apph~at .~oJoc6;9a_ter-nity._L~ave. . .. . .. . . p~tem_1ty l~ave beriefjt. Th~y s~a'!J.Che')~yetned The m~~ned_f)'lal.e employe_e~hall _apply for pat~m1ty by.th13_ Civil Serv,~e Rules. (201'9 (i!._an<{'?j_ok on . p~J~f'!e.with h1.s .employer w1l\1m a· reaso~able period . · Worker's·A:f.q,netarfStiJ.tµto_ryB,e{lefit~/'P· 29};, _,,,_,;,:,;,,:·!-~f;,tJ~~ fr~~the expe?t~d._d~t~,of ~el1v.ery by th~· .• . :. · .. . ·, · . . • · <,,,,f_ . ,;·. c,,;.-.__.....pF~gnaflt,,.sJ:1Uuse, or '1,Vltlirn such penod·as·may be. · ·l.~·~,.;~· Benefit:· . ,:·· · .. :·. ·.·. .. : . provid~d bY.. .coi:npany rules :~n~·: f~g-~lati9ns.'or ~Y .· ..J,h~.p,aternity_ !~aye-sl)all-be_ f9(seven (7)_:~}i with cqll~chv_e l;,arg_a1n1ng: aweem~~\.-pr.o":'d~d_ th_a~:prior .fult P.~Y, _availa_b!~ 011ly for th_e first (Qllr deliveries pf. a~pl1cp~on..for leaye?hall ·hot. be ·r.equired m pase of: thE! legitirpate· spouse with .wt)orn :he is cohabiting m1~c~mag~ (Rev,se~ l~R ofR;A. No... 818! for the (R:A.'-Nd._8187:_,S~c. 2}, . Pnv~te Se·ctor,Sec.. 4) ... · . · ·. · .. : · .
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~.BERS . ADVISER:$ . { . SUBJECT C::<;)~'ITEE Jb~CH. M .. · MA)!Y C:YRffiLL C. SUMANQID ·'KRISTINA· D.: ~UGAO · JOHlit'BENEDJi:;;f M. RIVERA, ·ATTY. RA]EEN jILLIAN D: ,BIASCA •. ·GOLANGCO, Atty. MARLON) .... 'Overa{lll 9iiairperscm,: ERICA.·· Subject'Chpir,·VICTOR KENNER MAE .O.sVISTA Chairperson for $ .. GALANG Assistant Subject CHRISfIAN MARJE LYNN P. MANUEL and ATIY. PETER-· SOLIS, JO.ANNA PATRICIA R JOEY B. USITA . . . Ac~ciemlcs,, ... ,B~· 'REI , &. . Chalr;.MISHAEL R OCCIANO . ·B~~O Ch"airperson.for Hotel .Subject '. F,~ectro.nic . · Data PADRID,,STEPHA.Nm NtcciLE . · · ,· OpcratiOTJS, ]~A LQUIS!!,B ..• Proc~sing. NA~AEL. A. M. ILAC:::AD,. and ANN MAl,l.Y . MICHELLE B. )WALO ... . I?~O. Vice Ch'.'-irperson for. QUIJANO ,1:.a/Jor Sta'i1dards, BEA Setretarlat, EARL JT;JSTIN M. - PATRIClJ.\ G: DANGAZO IA/Jor ,.;, . . Y.f\MfJ.A.0 .Vice. Chairperson for Relations, ;and JU~ND · ,Qperations, MA. .MJGEilCA,B. FRAN:CEZ TiiERES.S M. t DE 'i.EON Vice Chairper:son for . : ABRIAM J urisdictlon' and Special ?., .. : · Finance, . ~ OLMAYA' ·).'. . Laws BADANGAN _Vice .Chairperso'.' f·· forAudit~JORDANN.~~ . Vicep!iP,,rperson for. EDP, HANZ· DARRYL D.TIU Vice Chairp.ersonjor Logii.itcs, and' DOHN ALFRED E. AQUIUZAN . Vi"ce Chairperson.for Membership
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SPECIAL G·R.OUPS 'm');PUW
Availment
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· SAN BEDA LAW CENTflAL'fZEDBAR . . OPERATIONS . ' - ME!.fORYAID·:2019 . .• A Qfa 9 ii
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M:A.TERNIT): LEA VE (SECTION·.14-A·.()F R.A~ No .. . 1i61,.ASA_MENDED BY R.A -.
Paternity leave benefits shall be · granted to tlie qualified employee after the' delivery by- .his· wife, without prejudice to an employer allowing an emp)oyee to avauot the benefit before or durirg the .. delivery; provided, that the total number of days shall . not exceed .seven (7) days for each delivery (Revised. iRR of. R.A. No. 8187 ·f.or the. 'Priv,ate Sectot; Sec. 5) ..
.. .: · :No. 73·22,.FURTHER
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AMENDED BY R..A. N9."8282) . . /
' Noti:1:- ·The for.e'goi.ng·discusslon provides; for the · Non-conversion to Cash . . maternity, leave. benefits · under ·H.A.· 1'161, as' Benefits riot availed of.shall not be converted to cash .amended by RA. No; -7;322-a!')d R.A. 8282 .. · . ' · and shall not be cumulative .(2019 f!ar:u;Jpook'on Worker's Monetary Sfatu~oryBenefits,P, 30):' R.A. . 11210, ,'. ofheiwise kr.1~wn .'as. the °Expanded ··· · . Maternity Leave (EML) Law, became effective only . Crediting of Existing Benefits:. . _· . .·. ... -on March 8, 2019 (15.''f}ays· after comptetlon'ot. ifs Wh.er~. a.. 'male. employee · is already, enjqying: the pubticetion in the· Officia( Gezetie 'on.Pebraery 21;· · . paternlty lea_v~. benefits._ by · rea~C!~ of· contrac!, _ 2019~. f;urlhf!r·amendmen.tsPfov{de':'by R;A. 1121 ()' c.?mpany policy or. coll~ctrve barqaininq, agreen:i~"'a,:e.;c{fJ,$CU$Sed at the end of the section: ..·. these rules sball apply. , ,. . . ,.-:P" , ~"";,Tu.· -· . . . · . . . 1- If the exi~ting pat~rnit~ .1l3ave _benij,itJ.fs':g~~ter' '. ·4 1;e~ye Benefit. . . . . . . -, ,·. · · : : thah .the .ben.efit ,~~reu:i. prov1~~.d~~~~1J:.e~~=-:~=.,,~·,.ft.tilal{)P~~b~r. who .has paid ~t least three (3) . .. . be.nefit.s~,a!I preva1!, _ · ... ,,Yf mont,ti'ly.·~cop~~ut.\,.ons. m the twelve · (1-2)_-month 2. ·. If th';l ex1sbn\'.J .1?.atemrty l~a~e~s~ft~i~tt;iat='=ii;-=p~rii;>c4j~egjatel,X~J>recedin'g the seme·ster·of. her . prP.enal.ty . · . : · .... \ ~~W,oi:tjo!')! ... L_ .... · , ·. · .. · . ":. · . .Any '.f:~e~scin, . cc:iwo~ati~n. ttust:.~firyrri,.~~e~~T!:.'·,:rrlf".!She,~.s~ ~.a;-1.e~g)ventf1e .req1,1ired..Notificatjon to_ a~soc1at101'l ·or ~ntrty found. vlol~tirig~ny p~~r?-lon"o~~ .id'.::f1n~·~:s~t?-':!Pru-if;er -~mployer .(2019 ·Han.dbopk·on. tt:iese( Rules ·.~hall.· be. penalized ·nv._ ~ (tib'e~=~lf~j\ep-'fs.~getary -Statµt.'?ry Benefi,tsi p.. 28); · exc~~ding P25,.000orimprisonm.er:rtpf?i~t1e\s~~an ;)~b~~ ·0•· • · _. . :• . 30 days nor mqre than 6,mon~s,. , ... · . ~~ ,.!l.q_.~1:i~r~m~!emember r:nul;?t nave. f'a'id .~t least ·· .:", · ·· - . · · · · ... : ·. .· · · . · · · .~ ......,...::~-··· three ffi lr!Or'lths of maternity eontributior:isJh th~·. If the vicflation js committed by·a-corpor~tion,, trust_or .. · . . · twel\ie (12}-month period lmn')~tjiatety°beforeth~ firm, paryn~rship;-association·or .any o·th,er.i.ntlty, the·. ·· semester· of .he~ ctjildbirth. oi"_miscafriage (R,A. penalty of imprisonment shall· b.e imposed· on ·the. No~8Z82,·sec. 14-A). · _entity's.r.esPOrlsible officers, if'.)clUding bu.t not~l!tnited. ·. . .. ~ ··: · . . ~ .: ·· . · .- ·.. ). . . .. .. . ·to; the: pr~sideqt, v,ice. ·pres1d~nt, · c;hief execptive . . : "Every pregparit vvoma_n is eri~itled to:materni\y'leave. offi~er,' ··general mc\lnager, . managing. director· or··. . b·e.nefits. rei;iar.dl0$S .. Of her>" .~iV!f Status, : wl')etl)er .. P..artner d)rectly responsibl~ lf:leref9r (Revised.,fRRof . T1Ji3tried.·or u:rmarried·. . . . R.A. Nb:·81-87 for the PrivateSedor, Sec. 10). ... .. . · ' · : ' · ·· . · · · · · ·. . · · · .. · .. Maternity. beF\'efits·are granted _16.·em.pioy~e~ in lieu., ., ·, · · of wag~s · i;t.l'ld,.· me·r~fore,.·may' not,·be included in · C,6mputfng the employee'.s 13\llTmc:mth. pay for fhe . : .. c.alendar yea.r '(201.9 .. Ha.n.i:fbbdlf ··.dn_ ,Wor~er's · . ,Monetary:statuto(YBenefi(s, p.2!),· : · -, :.. . .' ·. ·- . . . ... . . . Conditfons.: (~P-BF;RWC) : : ·. . · ··. · . . ' _' ·t. Th·e·employee shall have· NoiifiecJ. h·er. 'Elmployer . .of.her pre·gna.ncy a.n~.thS probaQ.le di:ite of her childbirtti,· whic~ ·notice shi311 be·..transn:,itted .to the SSS . ii') accordance with . tlie ruJes and reg'ulations it m~y provide; . / . .
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2019 SAN BEDA LAW CEN.TRAllZED
BAR OPERATIONS..
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... SAN 8£.DA.LAW tENTTIALIZED DAR OPERATIONS - MEMO~Y AID '2019 I 4SM .MB& --~·PAA
The full Eayment shall be advanced by tne employer within 30 'days from·.the filing of the
instance·
,.,_. . maternity leave appltcation: •//"· 3. The payment of daily maternity benefits shall be ~'!.; · · a ~ar to the· recovery of slckn'ess·· benefits.· provided by.this, Act for the same .. period for which· daily. rnaternlty benefits' -have been · received; 4,
· . .·. · · .·. . ·: · · maternity .benefits provided under .. this
The section shall· be . paid only for the first four -detlveries ormiscarrtaqes:
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5.
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pregnancy,
miscarriage
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. ernerqency · terrnlnation . of ', pregnancy, regardless of frequency (R.A. No. 1-1210, Sec. 3):
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2. Applicability to employees in the public sector sSince R.A No .. 1'1210 extends to workers in the go.vernment: it additionally provides : .. \ qualiticatlons for:.entJfleme'ri! of female workers in the public sector; (Go-N6) . . . . a. Fem.~le,- worker should be· in Gov.ern.nwnt service, in Natronat-Governrnent Agencie~ .. l,.ocal . Government . Units. GovernmentOwoed.'or-,G6ritrolled C6rporations; o'r State . . -, 'Un'iversiti'es a'rid Goll~ges.. . .. : -v. •. · .... .'· . . . .b. The head of the .agency· shallbe given d.u~ . Notice, irf writing, afteas\:.45'day$ bef6re.:the end of the maternity leave·(R.A. No. 1'1210,.
for
The SSS shall in:un,ediate.ly· ,Reimburse" the employer of. 100%. of t.he amount ·of maternity . benefits advanced to· the 'employee by 'the . employer upon receipt of sati~tactoi:y. proof of such payment.and ·legallty thereat 'and 6. ·. If an .employee- member should. ·give· birth or .suffer : 'miscartiaqe Without · the . required Sec. 4).· . . . ~ontributior:,s. having been remltted. for .her, by 3: ~Maternity leave 'shall be· granted·. to female her employer ~O the SSS,. or wtthouf the latter ~...D workers : in . ever:t lnstance+of pregnancy; tiavi.ng _bee.n previously notified ·.l;>y U:,e- ~m·p10,ri~t miscarriage .or- emergency termination· of of the. time. of the .preqnancy, the ~mplo¥er.~11,f!Jl;1,~ 1;,; ;\ • rxe~n.a_ncy, re~ardJ9:ss of frequen~y; . .·. . · pay t? the. SSS ..damages· equivalent .tol .tii~:.~"'•.i '.'.} 4 .. Allocatlon ?f Mate~ntty L~ave Credits -Afemale bE!~efit~· which said empl<;>yee· member. ~~/JI~;.,· .._.~l:,r;~.wo~ker.~n,t1tled to mat~rruty.leave b~mefi.ts, ~ther. . .ott:ier:w1se~ave been,:mhtled .<Sec, a!~oc.ate .up .to 7 d~y.s ~f said benefits ~o. · :1-12.10). . . .· .· .. . . ..,-<;,./ .. ,.. if .. . the. eH1ld.·s, father, wh~ther qr not the s.af'!le 1s · . · . ·... · ~.?;' . : ,A... ,.,~, marriedtl'~\thefemale worlser: ·Provided: that in Under .the Magna Carta. of "Yomen'. }.V9Jlil~n. iii· t~·-:1{. the .deJti\! ~ps'ence; or incapacity of the former,. milita~y .• po,lice 1:1.nd other servi~es·s~!l.l:~-~~~d .to... the: ~fne 1t q;_iay .be anocate~.-to ~n: alt~rnalivf; lea.vs ben.efits such as matern1ty.J(ave; c3{fp."ro:v1q~.d,. ~~1 ·.. · careµ,!ve. wh\may be .a rela~1ve_w1thin tl:leJourth for by .existing laws.(R:A. No.,if,p_g,Se~·:(5). · i·. ·'-:\. ~egf~e oU:_comwnguinity or·the current p_~rtrier of . ·. ·. . . · · · · · · l~'/y>..-:::,::---'7,)·j-~~· .'~it:.. : · !;,.: . · ~,rern.~l~~ork~fstiaringthe same hou~ehold, . It is no~ ~ec~ssary that a:w~111a11!t~~ ilJ)P[~(oat~tllq~ .. updf.it.!ffi'si.2Jile t;:tio~of the mother ~aking into ~.er1eg!t1mat~spouse. lt1s1m.1;1aterm1~.t30:m~fat~;r.- r,;.1. . : .aq:ounqhe b.~s~.mterE:st of the child (~~c ... 6; · 1s .. Every· pre:gnaht .. woman ..;in ·theJ,ppvat~~;1>ect0_r-.·... '!'~~- ~·~R.A'.No. 11210)., · . . · · . . lh'het.her marrie_d· or unrnamed, is· ~~.ti~tiYto: th~..-).~:~~: •. · materni~.: leav~. be11.efits. Being.·. ·unm~rrl.¢0\u,...·.:......:;_N?,te:.:.:f.lie9matemit_yleave. ~~~,!:!fits g_rai:ite.d ·pnder .. woman. 1s not an ob.stacle ..for .th~ .~r~nt'·qf,1s.uc.h · . th.is ·Act sl')all be enJoyed by.a female wor~e~ 1n. the · . benefits. to the less fortunate (1 POQUl?.>~r.a at · · gov~rnm'ent s~rv1ce·and in· the pr:iv'ate·sector even if . . ·300). · . · .' · .. · · · ·· · -~~ . ·. . :she. ·!'las· a· pe~ding ;3dministra,tiye ·case ( $ef. 12, · {" . . RA.No.11210). . i,' impott;ant Changes. under R.A 11.21 otherwlse . 1 •, •
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· Law .. · . , : :. · · · ·1. ·.E~pahded coverage~ RA. No.'112'1 Q expanded its cov.erage. All .. cov'ered·. _'f!;)male workets. :in government :an~ the pFil,atE{ sector.. i.ncluding tlios~·· in- -the. inform?~· Eicq11omy, :re'gardl~S$··of .·. , .civil sla}us 9r .the legitimacy1ofher cl'lildr~n shall· . be· paid a .. datlY maternity ,benefit .eq~ivalenMo 100%-of her.'ave.rage·dally sala(Y. credit for·)0.5 days for chi!9bJrth,. whether.Mr-ml;!I or·.c~esarian deliyery, · or.· .·60 · dqys .' .for : miscarria.ge or .. - emergency termination, with an .option to,exterid_ · · for an addf.tional 30..days.witliout,pay ... pr9vide9, .that in case the worker q'ualifi!3.s:as a solo parent .. ' under the. •isolo Parents'. ·.Welfare' Ac.t•, the worker Shall, be ·granted addit\onal 15_ 'd~Y,S · maternity leave with full ·pay. Maternity leave ·shall .be· grant~d to fema.le ·wor-1:<.ers in every ·
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covered femafe -employee who h~,1i ·paid at· least· three· rhonthty ·ms:iternity' ., COJ1fributi9ns· in the 't.y.elve-llionth period .. 'p.receding : 'tt1e sern·ester . ·or 'her c!,ildbirth, . ·abortion· :or rtjiscarriagt;? ·and· wh9 is. currently employed· · 'A
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. . . 5. · Parent left solo or· atone.with the responsibility of . parenthood due to· legal .§.eparation -or defacto Sjxty · (6.0). days for One h1:mdred ·t,ive -(105) asparation from. spouse for. at least 1 r year, as n~xmal . . . ··a_elivery, days for childbirth, long as_ he/she is entrusted with. the custody pf the children; · · ·· emergency termination, whether· normal .. or dt·rn.iscarriage. . . :caesa·rian delivery. 6. Parent left solo-or alone. with the responsibility of pa_~enthood 'due . to declaration 9f ,h!ulljty or. . ' .Sev.enty-eight (78) days Sixty_. (60)' c1ays for annulment. o.f marriaqe as. decreed by a court or . ·f?r caesarian deliver-y. miscarriage or by ·a' church as Jong 'as he/she is entrusted with . emergenc:;y twmination,. . the custody of the-children: With an option to· extend 7. · Parent left solo 6r alone wit.h the·resporisibili.ty of . for an additional thirty parenthood due to ~banaooment of spouse for · · · (~O) days .wlthout :pay. at'Ieast 1. year.;.· ·. .· . · · . Provided, thar in case . 8,·· . llnmarrjed rnother/tather who has preferred to 'the worker quallttes as a ·. keep and rear . her/his ctiild/children ·instead· of' solo . parent . 'under the having. others care for them or giv~ t'ti~m u'p to a . '. .~·solo Parents' Welfare . welfare institution; . . Act", the workershall be' 9. Any Qther person who solely. provides-parental · grant~,q an _addi!L~i;ial, :-~==.:;carean_d· s~pp~rt to a child or ·children·. pro~icjed fifteen (15}.days,.#.,... lf ~~!l1!).e,1s ..duly hcens.ed as a fol?~e.r parent -~Y.the ~uly appointed guardian by the co.urt; • . • • • • •• • ~---~-~~ny gE..~~!lY · mernb~r . w~o, -asaurries the . , , ,,-: . . ,,,_;·-·= r:e~ol'.fs1?i)1ty,~f head. of family as a result.of the May Wlocat,\!}!J?)~-~~~en.·.::I::: .-~-d ...~~~~,;.:_ al:la_Q~~nment;.. disappearance or (1) tx...~e~ ~ene'.1.t ~~ lf' w.· prof~ng~a\~~f11n~e of th.e parents C?r solo p3i.rent 1...-.-~..-:.-~--....,..,.,._:_J-/!4-,:....;2;;,,,..".f.,/l?J-~L.:. . .c..-:.:_..Ja ~~: ~ for a~ lea'\t~ ~a~(R.A. No. 8~72, Sec. 3, par. . .. . . . . ! 1·--~ (J) '\ ·-: . . . .
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· . PARENTAL Ti~~ ·F· · ·~R·, . "-;::~ ~~Ye:.A ;~~~~ge~~m~~s}~tusor circumstance ot'the . .__ . ; -~~~~\ . 0. · .t:.:r ~\\.~parent 9la1mm.g ~b.erietJI~ under. this Act, such that
·::SOLO P.ARENJ.'~ {Rl\A.<s1\2).:.:. . ~--..c:"'he~he/~~lcin~~r·le~tlf11~rJ~wit~.th~ re~p?~~ibi,lfty. ·
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'. paf;9f:ftj bd, ,~n~le,~mmatehis/her ellg1b1hty for , ....~w . fits JR.A. @'. 8972, Sec. 3, par. (a)).
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- .. Meanjng'of ~arent~l.(~oto P~{ent) ~~ave· P~rental leave ~h~ll 1;1ea~ Jeav'~be'nefifs~.g'rante1t~~3~ .n ..~ier.to}tJp~e hvmg with ·and depen~ent a &?lo parenqo el]able h1m/her t~, p~rforrri'\eatebt~fEN'11!lB;~h7.s~o pare.ptfoi: support who ar~ unmamed, ~1Jt1es ~nd ~esP.on~ibilitie~ wh.ere p . sicajl'~Fef:ie~~~~e9i,,tmJ/iot m.or.e~han 18years.pf age, or 1s requireu-1/RR of R_.A. No. 8972, Se . ,6(g)?V't) ~~-e.~1\.~t:;,;,P,Jtfats but are me:a~ab1.e of self-support_ 1 .i_ . · bt~·a~s~;,Wf'mental~nd/or '~hys1(:aJ def~cUdisability .Pefin1tion of Terms . . ·. . : .. · >~'''"'"""<=};;.J!;;,~. _8972~.Sec 6. .. 3, par. (b))... . .. ·· , . $c:>(o· Parenf refers t~ .any individlic!I who falls uncjer . ·· · · · · any. of. th.e f(!llowin·g. categories·:·. (RaDe-DiSNA·· · ·, L~ave 6enefit . . . .... . . .. . . . . . UnQF) . . . . ' · . . . In.. add.i~on.t~rle,ave· privileges under existing laws, f: A womar-\',who_f1iVes :t,irth clS. a l'esµlt ot'Bfil)e.and · pare_ntarJeav~ of not .. m9re 'than seven (7) WOfkihg ,:.. Other crimes against:ch~fstify;i3Ven.Without a -final· days_ every year·.snall .be. granted. to ·any solo pa·rerit · · .. c6nviction··of'the o:ffonder: i:>rovicled,: That the ernploye:e.who has rendered :servic:e·:of at'least 1 . rrtother:keeps·ancfrai~esthechild;·' ·. :· . y~ar, The ~even-clay par~ntai'leave shalLbe non.;. . 2 .. -..:Parentleft solo or:'alone·with.ihe resp9_nsibiiity·of . · · c1,.1mu_lati'·fe(/RR_ of.R.A. No:·'8972; S~c. ·18).'. .' , . · .Parenthood due ~9 ·oea'th Of ~fpouse; ·. · ··-=- ·. · . . · · · · · · · . ~. ;P~rent l~ft solo oi:-alon~.with the responsibility of . · C.ondition~·for .entitlemi:mf of Parerital Lea~~: .. parenthood while th~ spouse is Detained or :is ·(·1~No~Pre) · ·. ,. · ." · · · · · . .· · · ·, . - · . serving"sentenc~ 'for ~ criminal conviction:·for at 1 ... 1he solo, par~nt mus.t render at least 1.ya'ar of .. '. ·1east'1 year; . ·. . . .. · service, whether continuous or.broken· · · A: . Parent left solo'o'r alMe with the respor'isibiflty af. ?'0 ·"The solo. par.e.nt mu'st N·otify the erriplo~er ·of the. parenthood ·due ·t9 physical--. arid/or rrrental . .- avqilinent ther~of .within a reasonable period cif !ncapacity 'of spouse as certifiec! by .. a publtc.. · time; . · · · 3_. The solo parent ·. -most Present his . · 'solo · medical practi,tioner; . . ld'entifica}icin Card to the employer (/RR R.A..
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N9.. 8972, SeC ... 19)~ ··
312 I 2019 SAN BE_DA LAW CENTRALIZEP SAR OPERATIONS
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. Non~ Conversion· to Cash . . . . . · 1n the event that the parental leave is not availed of, · said leave. shall not be· convertiblato cash unless 'speclflcally agreed upon previously. However, if·said leave were deriled arr'erriptoyee as a result of noncompliance wit~ the provisions of. these Rules-by an. employer, the-aforementioned !'eave may be used a.· · basis for the computation of damages (/RR 'of R.A: No. 8972,. Sec. 20). · . · ..
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M_edleaf. Ass1stanc~ .(or ·_Essentiai H~<h Packages). ··The . DOH shall ·. develop a comprehensive· 'health care-: program for solo parents and 'their children (R.A. No. 8972, Sec.
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LEAVE.·FOR VICTIMS OF·· . 'v10LENcEAGAINST . WOMEN ANil.THEIR .. No>9262) .CHILDREN(R:A . . . '
·.·Violence· 'A~ainst Women and· Their Childreri refersto any act or a series of acts committed by any . Emergency or. CO(lti!')gency leave provided under persorr against a woman who is his Wife, former wife,. ~-:· compenypollcy ora collective bargainiflg_ aqreernent _,.. ._ or ;agajhst .a woman· with. whom the person has er ·i st:iall_ not b~ credited as compliance with the p·ar~nt~i;;f,jJ had a sexual or al:iting relatlonsblp, or with whom he 5 Ieave provided for under the Act and these ·R!"r~s., z-; )-. has a common child, or against her child whether or ·.. ·. .(JR~ RA. No. 8972, -Sec. 21). . . . . . j',c!, _su'ffer,ng,, or. ·e~onomic abuse i~cluding threats of .· .. ·.. · · : ·, . ' . . . .. ,J.1_. . ,. :,.,~~) ~\JCh-ac;:ts, battery, assault, coercion, harassment or· ;;· .· Prohibitlon on Work .o,s~r~mmabon. .. . . ,.z 1rf:i'r~~ar,.y,..-,d~P.).~at(on. of 1.!b~rty (R.A leqitimate or l:_ No _-employer _shalJ ?'.scnm1_nate agarn~t J~fl.~J sol~\ •.l'rr.iiie'giu~-at~~1~1)i~?r-wittfout_th~._family_~bode, which \· pare":!~. employee · with . respect to:"_.t,r,n,_s.,,and~L)l : result in· orli!S~-h~eJy·to result in physical, sexual, ;_ ·. con1:ht1ons .pf employment .on ,acco~f_i!.<Jl. his/h_e(,,.-)l ·-psychologicii!h'arm. No. 9262; Sec. 3(a)). t' status (R.A. No. 8972, Sec: 7). ·· ,,_,.,,{·".,.:. ~ / .lt\ · /! U
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O~her B~.nefits of a Solo P-~rey,,.,.,.... ~ if~ · ,~ . . : · · . : . . . ;. · The-Solo Parents' Welfare Ag(slGGords:~elp.parenf~ ·.·•·t . At_ansr_»J~e ,ij _rln~~fhe i:IPPh~tlon of any ~~otectton ~ . the following·benefits: ~.'-(. ~ ...6!t\ ~...!'-,· o_r~e~.1?~~t11.~n?!i/Prosecution and/o:, trial_ of the. sf. ·. ·1, Flexible Wprk Schedule.:'1:Q~ emol~~er s'n~if -~ .': cnm1nalq;~~?;:.?:...v19tfrn.o_f. VAW_C who 1s ~mplqyed .. '; · · ... provtde·-for· a flexible. work \efrte«tlledor· sqto ·-1A . s!lall ~e en!1!le~ t~. a __pa\c\ _ lea"'.:e of up ~-o (10) -,~. . ·. par~nts .. The schedule: stioula..·Qgt, flawever, . · ~j.7~f}'-S·1n add1~1~n to·.qt~er p;=ud le~ves under,!~e Labor '':'· affect the individual and company ]J'El~~c'tiyit'{ . ),·•; .•'.~~8E;;il~ .G1v1l_.s_er:11ce-.R~les. ;,md_ ~~gulat,ons ~.nd. .,(•r-7'"4:.:other.:ex,stmg_ laws ~nd ~mpany p,_ohc1e~; ex~~n~_,bl~f No~e:· The ·employer· .may, how~5t!", _rtqigest . whe~ ~he . ~e.p-ess1ty: anses_. __as_--~pec1,fied .. 1.~· }h.~.: Elxemptior;i from th~ aboje re,quire,u_~oJ~.f(o~ .protection ~rder (!RR of. R.A'. ·92_62'. S~c_. 42),. ..: .. , · the.. DO.LE on c.~rt.ainme.r!to'fious g·rourrd,S:''lntlie · · . ·- · .... cas~ .of ·employees in the government se,:vice.' ·. :··R:~qyireme'rit for.Erititle~e.n·t . , . . . .. :°flexible working: hoti_rs:,wili .qe -subject Jo the . To:-be· ·entitled to lhe. le.ave benefit, t.he ". ohly ; .. , ~(scret_ion·of. the hec,i,d'.at the a.ge!'Ji::Y.: In .no ca~e. ·requirement.is fc>r the Victim~tnployee lo present to · shall ttie-weakly working tiour_s be reduced ii'! the . her· empl6y~r ·a, :c1;1rtification. trom: .the Punong . event: the. agency.·adcipts the flexibl_e·working . Barang~y or'kagawa9-or pr.9s.ecut,or or the·c1erk of .. hours schedule f9rmat (flexi.-fin:ie). In- the_: •. Court, as the:case may be, that an·:action re!atlve·to. · · · ..adoption of'tie~i-lime, the ·c.ore working hours . the:m·atter .is pen.ding· (2019 Handbook··oo Worke/s ·.' ihall be P,rescribed taking into consid~rqt[on'the. . .!Yfor:ietr~ 'statutoiy 'I;3enefits,p, 34). . . ·.: . . '·: .. . needs of the service (/RR" of R'."A.,No. 8$72, 'P.o.rt. · ...;· · · V,: Seq. 16).. . . . . :.N:ote: Th~··cartification shail be iS.su'ect at no ~st'to Jhe·wo,rnan (IR.R b{R.A. 9_26.2;R.ul~VJ,.:s'ec/·42).; ·Educati~nal The"DepEd; 'CH.ED-and_· .. · 1:.ESDA s·haJI provide·_sct,o).ar.ship p;rograrn·s in . .Fo~· go'v·ernrn~nt.:employee~. in. a'ddition . to" 'th'e' : · institutions-of basic, tertiary aAd technicc11/skills aforementioned.,. certification,.·. ~he . employee .. . ' . e:oucalion ~md non7formal education programs concerned must'tile aii applica'tion.for leave-citing as app'i:opria.te tor:. solq pa'rents and their children ·basis RA. No. 9262 (/RR-of R.A. 9262, -Rufe VJ, Sec.· '42). . . . . . (!RR' qf R.A. 89'72;-Att. V, Sec. ·2_2). . · 3. Ho~sing.B~·nefits. E!igible s?'l6'pare,i:,tssh_1;11l be· · . pr9.vided with· ,liberal-' terms of :payment Qh government low-co!;,t· housing proje.cts.(/RR of ·
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SPEC·JAL GROU.PS '* Leave Benefit
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. _The· employee is ·entitled -to two (2) months -leave with full. p.ay based on her gross . monthly · compensation following surgery. due lo· gynecolo~ica·I disorders (R_.A. No .. 9710, Sec: 18).
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The availrnent of the ten (1 O}-day leave' shall be at the option of the wornah.employee, which shall cover . the days"'that slie has· to attend to medical arid legal .concerns. · Leaves- ·. no] · · availed · of are· noncumulative and · n.di convertible to· cash (/RR of R.A.
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. monthly basic pay. plus 'mandatory allowance fixed . by the . ~egional . wage boards (2019 Handbook on ' W(?rker's Monetary Statutory Ben~fl_ts, p:37).. :
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·rtie . ·actmin_istrative enforcement, of this _leave · :·entitlement shallbe considered withirfth!:i [urlsdlctlon . -v -of.the R_egional Director :o.f.• the DOLE under Article· . · Conditions for Entitlement .. 129 · of the Labor Cod~ of -the Philippines, as . The· female employee must meet t_!ie . foll9wi·ng amended, tor.employees 'iri·t~e private sector; and. . . conditions: . the Civi_l Service" ·Comrr,isslon, for gover.r;irflent . . 1.. . She has rendered · at . least ·six (6) months employees (JR~ of R.,tt !!262, · Ru}f!" VI,. Sec. 4i). : continuous aggregate employment service for, . · . . · • · - •. , the last.12 .months prior to· surgery;·. · · . __ Penalties .·. . . . ·. . . ·· . . . . . . 2.~· In . the 'event that an· extended leave · is . -· The·. e~ployer/ · ~gency head who d7'1.l.7S .. th_e : ·~_,,..,... · necessary, the female employee may use her _ap~hca.t1~:>n_ for leave, and ~ho shan, wei.u~pp...:s-th~ .:_,,.e~r.oed"leave credits; a-rid . .. . . · .. · ·. y1ct1m-s~rv1vor ~r any -p.er~on ~or · assi~Jin_~ ~'.I:-.co~· I°.:" · i\}t-, non-cumulatlve and non7conv.e~ible· to -emplcyee wh_o 1~ a. vlc;l1m.~s~rv1~_or_):JA'ae:-~~h:~ ~~t~..;.,,_3-· v cashl(!ftl(f JS."ef R.A. No. 971.0 sec. 21). shall be held.liable for d1scnm1nat101;fanclwrotai19ricnl · ~::.~: !i .,_~ --~ , · ' · . ·. · . · . . . ff',{' :-i• --':· ' "1·~ · · · . R.f\ ~O: 92~2 ... · · .· . · /.- ~~-,......,,.~=-Note_;..~{1(~s1~J9) monJhs COfltin~Qus\1gg~~gate .· T~e .Provisi.~n. of _the L~~or,{o~~1~nd·.fi_e ·Ci-?,i.l) ~\. '.~ployi:re:in~¥J-Y!£e{or.the l¥1st 1_2 moriths pnor; tq . service ,RutE;)~ and Regu{atLelfl.~' sff_@!I govern tl1t? ~ .snrgery ~m~a~t(t~aJ,.,l~~-woman ~.mplo'yee s~ouid, -penalty to·oe imPQsec:I on .th~~qld eg,ploy/r..lage.n,gy.._,t·\J-~nave b~n w1t~ttl~;cJ>r;ppany for 1~ month~ prior to head' (.'JRR of RA 9262 Ruli lli~if;ef/d·.421 r,\,. tl'ie surg~ry (D. @:jy__g,,, ~ 12-A, Senes of 2012,. Seq. y . ,, ,1,1\."':'~ IB ~1fgJf. . ,; . ~ p-- , ~ . , .. . . ·.
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· '. M ea~ ing o! Spe~ia·I ~-eave :Benefit .. · ,r't:Wor.te)·· ~~x:;=~~~,:1~~~~1~~i_~n101Cash . ' _. . · .. Special ~eav~ Benef~t for Wom~n means:,.~0~er:/~1.e. Jv'f./leJ:e);a~Jtde. ·The s~ec1~I _leaye . slJa_l~ be . non- . employee's leav:~fen,,tlement.of two ·(2)'montils·,.w~ "'. C~JJJat1 ~ and non_-conv~~1bl_eto cash.. . . f1;1ll _pay· frp1Jl_.11'3r .~mployer"-.ba~ed -011: qe! ~ross. ·: - ":"' . • . · .·.· . . .'· • .-·. · 111ootlily'·cori:lpE1n·satipn folloW.ing,sllrgerY- cau$ed li>Y. ·. Exc~pt1on.· Unless. o.therw1s~ provided-!n the CBA . , gy(iecolo_gjcalc:flsorders .(D. 0 .. No. 11_2-A_:$1:1rie~ of . (D: 0 .. No. 112-A, Serie~ of 2012,.__ See. 12). ·: · 2012• _Sec:.1).i . . '.. . . . . .: ,. . . . ·., . · Special Leave.. B¢~~fit· Vis-A-Vi~ sss: itckness· ·. ·Note:":Gynecological ois.ord~rs.-r.e.fe~·to diso·rci.ers tliat :. woiJ!ci re(Juir.e surgical" procedures ·swcti as; b1.1t not limited to, diletation=· and"·· curettag·e .ana. those involving ·female. reprodut:ti:ve. organs s~dh. as tl'le · ··vagina·,· cervix·... uterus, "fallopian· tubes,· ·oVarres.' ·'·Qreast,: adnexa _and _peivic ·nc;,or, cer:t!fl~d; by· a : compe.t~nt. ·physician.··: It · s1J·a1t . · also. incl.ude. · · ·hysterectom'y; ovariectomy, and.mast~cton'iy (/RR of R.A .. t:Jo: '9710, S,e<;.:!(mjJ.·. · · · ... · ·•
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.Coverage.- . · . . . ·. Any female'.. employee. in the pt,1blic and . private .sector; regardless.:of:'ag.e,and civil status, -is entitled· · to a. spec;:ial le~ve benefit (/RR of R.A.. No. 9"(10, Sec. · 21-A). .· .· . · · . . . ~ .. , .
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~ene_fit. . ·. · ... . . ·· .. . . . '. :The former.is·granted.by the employer in apc~rd~oce with R.A._ No. 9710.. The 1.?tte.r is. given. and. .edministered· in. :accofdMce ··with R.A.. ·82S2 (D.Q~ N_o. 11_2-A, ·s.(~ries·of~012, s_ec. 7), . : . . . ·Speci.at·· _Lea°\•~ ... Benatif ..Vis~A-Vis ·.. Existing . St~tutory L.,eaves . · . · The. form~ercanno~ be taken fro'm existing -st~tutory leaves. The benefit is corisidered an addition·to ·the. . leave ·benefits gran"ted _llnder.".existing laws arid. sl)ould· be adde,·d on top of said statutory leave· entitle me ht$ (D. No. 112~A•. Series of 2012, Sec. 8). . .
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!'tote: Lactation ·(or'. nursery) is .a 'private, clean r .sarntary, and we,11-ventilated room~ or ar~as in the workplace. or'. pu,blic 'places ·where nursin~ mothers carrwash up.tbreastfeed or express their milk, comto'ttabiy 'store this afterward (R.A. 1002$, Sec;, a' (p));.. .
Sp~·~i~I Leave Ben,afi~ Vis-A-Vis Mat~mity-L.eave
./;'., aene~lts : .. .·. t,,. : 'Wt,ere the woman . employee . had ur:,dergone f surgery. due to gy('l~colo~i.cal disorder .during her };;'; maternity leave; she is emitted only to the difference ??~: between the SLB andrnaternity leave benefit (D.0.
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t -No. 112~A, Series of·2.012,.Sec.. 9). ·. ' . .: Yi:tt Crediti.ng ·. · · orSlmllar .. ·of: l;:xistlng Benefits· . §'. If there are existing or similar benefits under 8. .g, . companypollcy, .. practice or CSA providing similar or
'If the women are able to .obtain better ierr:cis and conditions .through_.·.negotja.tions 9r , voldnta(Y. grant. than what are .Pr'ovided·therein, .. the sameerenot ·. prohibited (/RR of the Labor Cod_e, Book, I/J, RµJe X/J,. . Sec._ 12).... . . . ., . ART.ICU: 131'::MATiRNiiY'·LEAV,E 13EN°t;F.IT$ · · Maternity leavEt under- .(he~:S·$S,-.l..aW·.(Refef'to:tne-:
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:(· equal benefits to what is mandated by law.jhe same. ;.:.:. shall" be: considered . a;;; compliance; unless the -cornpany policy, . practice or CBA · .. provides ~· otherwise. : . :·. ' . . . '
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discussian · undec MAtE~N(TY:. @:t=f':J.i{frtS.·.:LA:W. ($E_G!ION'1i4-A OF''R.A:No'. .1jff1,.'AS AMEf,JDEp , 8Y R.A. No .. 7322, FIJRlH~R AME{'lbED BY R.A:
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the 'company ·policy, · practice . or CBA provides lesser benefits'. the cornpany.sfrall grant the ditference. · ·
No: 8282))... ·. ·... . . I . . . . • · . . . . . . jf'. · · . · . /'-) 'ARTiCLE '132: :FAMl~Y. PLANNl~G SERVlCES; :-'i< Mote liberal exi$\i~g or similar benefits cannot)~r(~i(,. iN'GENT)VE~· ·. : .; .... · · ' .. · .. · .· .. ', withdrawn o.~ ~edµced .by reaso!') Of the manda}e, .of:.<·.'.'.;\ :Employers who .hat:Jitually- empJoy more than. 200 RA 9Z1Q. ", ::· -, -. · . · .. · .. · · '·· .\'f"r. ·::.~~,1; worke;s in i;ll'.IY Jo~ality,''.shall' .provide fr-!=le fl:l".)1ily·:;j. . . · . .· · .. · ·. . . . :, 5J I: · / ·: '.L·P.li,frming· .~~rvices ·'id. t.h~ir, em.ployees ·. anq. their. :f' :.. Note:."'Sini}l~r or equal-.b~l:Jefits" refers to,_:!¢aJ~.'·;'I,1::;:::..5"p'8u~~9P·shali inclup~/but, not·IJ!Tiited tc\the · ·b'enefits wh1c.h are of the.same nature -~n:!,1Jarpo$e;.-,H applicatior.i. s(c}u.se·of.contra_c~.pi1ve...pills· c;1nd ·.intra. as. that of. the St!3"(D. 0. No. 11_2-A, 9·e(nes of 201 ?,,c,\.-.J•t · uterine ·de.~·ctf,,~\. Code,. .Book /II, . . . \' . f 'v-t . .. (!RR ·9f'the • Labor . Sec.10) .. · ·. . _ · .... : · · ·. )}...,{'-:.:.~ j ·ir:l' _Rule-Xll,.rc11
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. . . . . CONDITIONS .,; · ·.· ' . :-'0.':'°$PEC!A~.--::t'~.{ : f\~ · ..) ::/'. . -· J~,)~A~fSl"O. fDlscriiiiin'iitiori : against Wci°men: :'(P.WC..il.(;'jM~°1~") · . ,: : · .... , .'. . '. . ·. ·> · . . . .
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cornpens.ation,_to a·fe.fl'1?!e. ~1Tfplox1:e _as- ~~~tnst. . · .. ;~ ·. .. ·· · · . . .. .2., Discriqiination.'ii'! Wor.k ·o'pp.ortl)nity.-. favqririg a. · ARTICLI:' 1·30:. FACILITIES FOR. WO IVIEN: . · male :empl,oyet;i.. ov~r a 'fem~l.e;;eiJ)Ploy.~E!,. VJi.th. • · .. Tlie··secretary of Labormay :req.uir.e employers to:· .· .respect' ,tp pror:riqtiofl,'.. as~gf.l,:O!:!nt,.:.tr~.risfer;_..· · (STAN) : ' . . . .. tl'c!ining OPP,O,q.UAitie:s •. : S,u~y :·.ai;id .. scrolarship . ..,-: ·1· .... provide .§~c'!1S p~ope~:for .women·.}_nd _per~rt:· grants.solely'pt:i accm.i.n~of.their se)(e~ ..{LAl;!QR ·~, · · ·...them tci use the·seats when .they are free from. ·.. CODE, Art.13;3);· .. ~ · . · · . - ·... work' br during offfoe 'hours .·proyided- the 'quality : : . 3: . §en~er-bcised.· dis!inction:, :' exclusion, 'or : . · of the work ·will not be. COl1)P.r.<'>m,ised;· .. · :· ., ·: . · ' restriction which. has the effect or purpase of 2.: ·~stablish Separate Joilet topms. and. l.avatw1es .. .irf)pairlng ' or· rJUllif'yihg. the: · reco.9.nition;. · , for men and· women . anp .provide· ~t least a . enjoyment, or .exereis¢ by womel'),:Jrre~pective .. . dress'ing rool")1 forwomen; ... ·. . ·,. . ... . of their marital 'status. on ·a basis .of equality of .3_. -.,Dete.rmlne·:appropri~tia::riJinlmum ~ge ~nd other.. ··m~n .and . w.omen, of ...human rights= and · · standards for' retirement or term inati<:m in ~pe,cial · . fundamental freedoms ·in th~ pojitjca1; economic, oqcupations such. as. tho.~e. of. )li~ht' ~ttend.a~~s "' social: cultural. civil· o.r any ot):ier. fi,eld;: . . . .. ·.. .iind th._e like; aod · .' . ·. .· . 4. Any ~ct or omission, if1cluding. by law, P91.icy, : ·A. Establil;ih .a:
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5:. A Measure or practice of general application that · fails to provide-· .for mechanisms to offset or · address sex or gender-b~sed ·disadvantages or limitations of women. as a result of.which women are denied or restricted in the 'i:ecognition and · protection of their rights an_d. .ifl 11:ieir. ~ccess to and. ·:enjoyment of opportunities; benefits, or . privileg·es; or -WOm(;lrr,· more 'than. r:n.en, are·. shown .to have .. suffered Hie. greater adve.rse effects'of t1:i·ose measu_res or practices; and · · . 6,° Discrimination .£ompounded by or intersectin'g_.· with' other grounds,· status. or pondition'. such···crs ethnicity; age, poverty'Or religion (R.A'.No. 9710,..4(b)) .. , '. . .
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Bon·a . Fide Occupational Qualification Rule (BF0Q) . . . . . . ·. If it,e . employer can prove that the reasonable dem~i°nd.sof t!'le bu~iness requi~e a distinc~iori baseq ·on·marital status·and there ls no better availabh:1 or acceptable policy Which woulc;t better ac~orriplist, the bi.Jsjness pwpose (Star Paper Corp~ v. Simbol, G.R. No. 164774,.April 12._2()06). ' ·
: Requtsltes of.BFOQ . . To justify abona fide occupational qualiflcetton; the employer must provetwo factors: .: . . ..... ' ' . . ·1. · · .That the '.eniployrri~nt qualiflcation is reasonably. . · related to· the essential operation 'of the job lnvolved: and. · . . · · · · . · · . . . .' .. :Weight Standard~ of Airline Companies . 2: -Thatthere is a-factual basts for believlnq .that ail An 'employee may be dismissed the moment he is·. or substanttally . all persons :i;neeting the unable. to comply with his ideal weight as prescrlbed: . ----·qualjfioatio,:i. _yvciuld .. be . unable to properly by the. weight. standards since this 'serve·s 9S .-.,,~~~~-pertorin the duties ot the job (Star Paper Corp. · continuing qualiflcation for .his position. ~pjlu~'fo.1f ~-~~iJ!!.bol,G.R. No. 164774, April 12, ?006). _ meet this qualifying standard is a gro~(nha,'t:3:f5=11ls \.__.,.. t 'i.l }'..; ;;.'~, · -· - .- ·. . · . . under Art. 282 (now Art, .2f!7), par.1Efettl'rf;! J::'~~f.:.:-=::':::::.-.:8~TJ~Lli 1)S!'-~ROHIBITEP·ACTS ·. Code (Yr?suegui v. Philippine·Afrf{f!ep;/n~~$.,ff.'1ifo.. . · P-rb~fiia;,_i~,tf Against · vyomen Worker.s: 168081, October 17, 2008). · . f .~/") J - · '!!."\) 1(. "'M' To a1s~,a_rnf~"¥woman employed by him for Qualifying standards are riofms'1h,a,t,app1/prior to . .al ·the \urpMel""'of ..!:!~eventing such woman from and.'after_ an employee is hi·r;~~:Tlr~f app_ll'prior to enJoWng t~,~~~rr.i_ity.le~ve,facilities and other empfpyment because these ;~rfjt:Tef(~tandatcls'1:ljo6....e."F.¥; -oo-r1E1fits.pro\ic{&d~~-derthe Code; · _.. applicant - must· initially_-. nl': E;?"Eib_~~ · orq.e\ to-1;1Je-_..r J1~L~~1"o 1~ch$r~lf~"w'qMatie~ploye!:l on acco~nt ?f hired . .Th«::Y apply after hirin · be.p.a~se an e ploY.~:e.m.fa-fuw'll'~·her ,,e..,!;~gn_aJlCY1-~Qr . wh 1_le. on leave · or m. :"lu~t continue to mee! t~e.s sfara1(l~rd~w. on·tne :=:_ -~ · _ c~~1!'~wen~~.ue~bJier:pregnancy; . : Job in order to keep-his Job (.\Yt;?stip~w \?. p~net!t!f. · ,~ T;rD~.O.Yan:{woma,ei the benefits of employment Airlines, tnc., G.R. No, 16808.;J\.,bctober ir'.;,~l;ler~t~tu_to)f.,}b?nefits ~ndet ~tJe law~ by. . .· . · \ . --~. ·. IJ'·~·<.: . _an _o~~e~ ~e~f.age, eth_rnc_ong·in or bel~e!s, . ARTICLE 134: . · STIPUL~TIO~\~ AG~~.,~-x.o reJat~<1ns;.e1_tl;),~r by affinity or consanguinity MARRIAGE . ,· .. ~--~ · . ~'(y~~?-(\j>i.,(lA?¢'R(?ODEff\rt. 135); . · · . . It shall be unlawful for an en;ipJoy}r,·{Cose,~ .. ~-::lYdis'c.t)arg~or.refuse ·the admis.sion ·of ~1. T_o ,:equi~e as a Con~ition fo~pJ~iii)~r"'~~.,..,,lt(<:l~!)~f?.O!,! returning'to her'work for.fear.that · contmuat,on of. employment -that~a w.Jtan_ ·1·fi!S·stJ.~·:f'!)~-fb~pregnant;. . .. ·. . . . · emP,loyee ~hall not g~t r:rfarried;' · · . ~~lV !.5:_~"'dischargeany ~oman ot child or ~r1y other 2;_ .. To .§tipulate ei.<pressly;or tacitly1h_atuP.on-g_etting""'~~-·employ.ee fo.r having_filed a complaint o~ having married· a · wo.man !':}m p_loyee _s!,all. be: dee-meq · ·· . . . . · testified -or l:ieing'.a boufto-testify µnaer the Code; .. ·resigned or_sepa"rated; and. . .. . . . . . . _.·. . and. .·... : . •. . . . ' ... : ·.. . ' .. .·. · 3.- · To .Jicfually dismis·s. ·discharge, -discriminate or . 6. · To J3eq'uire- as a condition for a contin~ation of otherwise p_rejudice a womarr employee-mi:lrely . . . . .. employi'rlent that a. woman emJ::iloyee ,.shall 80t by ..reason·.of her ·marriage~ (LABOR CObE; 'Art. • . . get miirried -or··to .stipulate· that ··upon gettfr1g·. 13'4). · ·. . . . . . . marr.ied, · she sbali. be· deemed .-resigned separated (JRRof the t.ABOR CODE, Book Ill, No~Spouse 'EmplQymen~P·olicy·.. · : : . : .. . : Ru1e XII, ~ec: f3J .. ' -~ : . ·. . . . . ·j :_ . ~olicy bai)nrri'g ~>nly spo1,1ses. from: wbr_king in the . .- .. same c·ompany.· . . . .. . ·.. . . 'Note: The.. e~ployee"/iaifure;o forrri~1iy: into;m:: 2. May not facially violpte _Article 136'.of the babo·r: , empipyer-of her pregni;in¢y Carinot be cons.idered_as . · Code but it ere.ates·a disproportionc:1te effe~t and . grav.e m_isCOr)dU<:;t <:Jirectly connected fo. 1-Jer Work as the or:ily way it co.Lild .pass ]uditlaf scrutinyds · a . to const.it1,1te- jul?t cause .of .her· s~paration (l.:.akpue ·showing ·that it is . reasQnable . d~spite- ·u:ie · .. Drug~"lnc.·:v .. Befga; G.R. No. 16$:J79;_ October 20,·2065) .... discriminatory · albeit _ disprop_ortionate . effect ·. (Star Paper Cqrp. v. Simbol, G.R. No_. 16477.4, April f2,,2006). . . ·
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3. . W,hen a Measwe or practice of general application fails to provide ·for meehantsms to offset or . address sex · or gel')de·r-bas!=3d · disadvantages or. limitation's of wom.en, . or · women, more than· meh, are shown- to nave. suffered the greafer adverse effects of_ those measures or practices; and . . 4. Discrimination Intersecting witti' or compounded by other grounds, status, or, conditlon, such ethnicity. ag\3, poverty, or religion (R.A' 9710, Sec.'.4(b)): -
ARTICLE 136: CLASSIFICATION. OF CERTAIN WOMEN WORKERS : .. ,
Any· woman who is permitted·to work or suffered to y,,ork, with or without compensation, in . any night. club, _coektail·lounge, -massaqe clinic, bar-or .similar · establishment, 'under -. the effec.tive.· control or · .supervlsion of the employer for a-substantial period · · of time. as determined by the· Secretary'of ·Labor,··. · shall be- considered . as an . employee of such · astabllshment for · purposes of labor . and . soclal ·.. legisl;3tion (LABOR,CODE, Art. 13(;).:. ·.·· .. ·.
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Definition of Terms . . . ., Marginalized tefeFS -to· th·e basic, disadvantaqedcr' vulnerable' persons or _groups, Who are m9st)y livjrig in poverty and have .l!ttle or no.access \P land and: .. ' other resources, ·basic·social and economic services· ' .·. · M.agna ·carta of Women.· is- a comprehensive 'such as health care, education.water and sanitation, . ?~- .wornen's human rig!lts .law that seeks to e,llminate -. ·_eniJ?lc>yment_.:and liveli~ood_ opp_ortuni~i~s. _f:lo~sirig, · · ·· ·. discrlmlnation against _.women _by recognizing, . · ~ fOc~al :_ security, physical infrastructure, and t~e. . p~~t~ctlng,·_ fulfillirig an~ pro~otin~. the ri~hts.pp_~!{ · Justice system (R.A No. 9710, _Sec. 4(d)). : -Flliplno w_omeri.,. especially those ~.n_ marg11Jalj~~
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· Polley of the State. (D~ .PA_) . 1. _Q.evelop pla~s,._,Pohc1es, prog~a~s,~me.asure~;·;-..;-J 3. · _WorkerJ'l'.f~the l)'lformc1I Economy; . and mechanism~. to address .d1scr,lr~Jrit1on a~ ~'> . 4 ·. Migrar:rt-~o'rkers· . . : ·lnequalitr in the ~conornic, PO.!~i5~~. s~.;9.€'if-~hd ~-sl. Yoi:ittl. ~ \' ' · · .. , . . cultural tife.ofwomen-and roeJn~. ~'"'~ ,. · ~.1\, 6 'Mor:'<'. ·ii - t.. 2. gn~u_re·the su_bstantive ego~ty Q~w9r:nen- ~ti~~ 7 .. ... m~n;_ . · , · : · ~- --~..!-~ · .~S : se"ntirG1tit;;;:-!i}P ·. 3.. !;nsuce equal· access _to {~~o~;-~~if,aq_~"j~. 9.· _§olrf'af~ntsf~·. . .. · , d~velopment r.e_sults an.1.Clutco~~jf V\_ t,' ·. '-. 10. Indigenous Peoples;, . 4. ~romote empo~~erm.en~of -wo~_an~;,pursue ·. :,-;.~fu~ildren;. . . . ·. . . .., . equ;3I o~portu~1ties for w~meri,, j___;,,,,.p. · -<~~:.,,/''1if~~-u,sh~."!.5>lk; and · . : . ,; . -5. ~~rm th~ role ofwom.en.1r nat1on-,a;111dm~:1-(0F--·---~13-:-'tSis~oled person (/RR of R.A. No. 97.10,. Sec. ,,.,..· 6. -Abolish· ttie · u·nequal structural? ~d -prrftices · · l(o)) . · . · · · · that _pe~petl,Jate 'dis?rim1nation an'~~~lities . .. . . . . . (: (R:A {Vo: 9710,.Sec.·2):, ·. . . W9me~: -E°~p~wernJ&nt . /~roviae~' . provision. ·
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·. !:~\~~~'.ty~n::!se~~~~!i~~~\u~fa/ii:~u~g~;~ . «:?nab le. y.,o_men to. ~ctively-participate. arid cor:iJribute · . 'If' ' 1. · Universai arid inalie.nable; ·. . . . , ·· . , to- the·· poljtical,- ~coil.omicJ social,.· ·and. cultural i'. · 2. !odivisible; . : · · :· . · , ' pevelopment.'of the nation as well -as ·those- which · 3. !hheren.t to the dignity ot,.eve'ry human :beirig: ·. ·. shan provide equal acce.ss. Jo ownership,. and : . . .. . . , . . ·management, and · control_ of production; and of · '!nte"rdependerit.and int~rrel!3ted (R.A.No. 971 (), . material:anc! infortnation~I resourc.es-ani:fbenefits·in·· Sec:3). . • . .. Jhe fami!y; comm.unity,.arid socie.ty (R.A No. 9710, ·. , •. ,' ' . · · sec: 4(a)). . . . '. . . . . . . . . . . . Dis.·cri,minati-on ilgalnst_ Wom~n~ (G.AMJ). · · .. .. .Substantive : Equality.· is . tiie . full - ·and·. equal · 1. Any . §ender-bas'ed· distinction;. l3Xclusion., or .... · -enjoymentof r:ights· and freedorns.dt enc;;ompasses · · .. _.. f'.0$triction wf:lich impairs.the e'xerc.lse by-women .aejare arid· _d9 fa.~to 'equalhy .a~d also· equality·.in. ' . ' of hl:!m'an rights and fundamental freede>ms; outcomes _(R.A. No. 971.0; Sec. 4(e)). · · · -2. Ani.tict· or .omission, ·inclu9ing by law, poli~y. . .. .. . adminis.tr:ative measure, or practice, that directlyGender···Equality is·. the' . princlple. a~sE1rting ·:~hr_·.·· . ' -or indirectly excfu'des or restricts women in th~ . ' ', equality of men and women and their right to, 0;~0r;-.'.' recognition ari'd ··proinotioi:i. of their rights a'nd . · eq'ual conditions. and contri~l,lting to and t;>el'l.e ~~~,i-__j; : their _a'cce_ss to .and enjoY,ment of ·oppor:tun'ities, . from the results ofdevelopment (R.A: No'. 9_710,_ .·i:/.}'~i.; benefits, ·or _privile_g_es; ..
. . Human rights are:
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Gender Equity .·fnclud~s polldes,. instruments, . . National°· Commission on the Role of F°ilipino · programs, services, and actions that address .tne .. Wo_men (NCRFW),. r~named. as · the Philippine disadvantaged position of women in society by. . 'Commission on Women·· (P.CW), is th~ primary providing prererentlal' treatment and affirmative. policy-making and coordinating body of. the _women · . action (R..A. Na. _9710, Sec .. 4(g))... · · · and gender equality concerns under.the Office of the . Pr~sident. Ttie POW shail'be"the overall monitoring Gend~r aild···oev~iopment (GAD) refers. to th~ : body arid oversiqhtto ensure theimplernentatlcn of development perspective -~~JI. process _th~t · is .. · theMaqnaCarta forWomen (R.A.-.No: 9710, See. 'participatory and empowerinq, . equltable, · 38): · · · sustalnable, free from violence, respectful .of human ·: .. . . . .. rights, . and · supportive. of. self-determination and . · ... Human ,Rights of Women .. ; . . . · . . · . ·. · ,. · aclualization ·of human potentials (/RR of R.A. No. . All r.ights in the Constitution and under lnternatlonal ., . 971p, S~c. 7(h)).. : . ·. ' · ·. · · inS:~~u.~ents.. _d\JIY .. _signed.: and '_rat!fied by ·. t~e. · ; · · · · · ·· . ·. Philippines (R.A. N_o, 9710, Sec. 8)... . .: G"ender: Mairiiitreaming ts a strategy .fo.r making .,. . . women's . as . well ·. as men'a.. conce_m~ :and EconoiTli~ R.ig':lts: .(Si-:{El..f=~W},· .,._ , . , . · · · · · ~xper!e-!lces an· integral dlrnension of .the.·d~sigr:i. . 1.·. ·Social Protection (R.A. No. 9710, -Sec. 27); · . im~l~m¢n"t.:,ition, ·. mo_~i~onng;· _a_~d .-.evaluaJi?n . of . 2.· Righi. 10 · t.ocatlzed, .Accesslble, Secure· _and . . polt?1es and pr.ogram_s rn ail polltlcal, econorruc•. and ,...,.;._;"---=~"=-· AffordableJ:!ousing (R.A. No:.9710, Sec. 21);: _ . societal .spberes so that women and. men.J.1-~efif' 17 J. :'Rigbt to Education and .. Training for Migrant equ~!y; :and· _-inequality is· not perpetu;..~~ea:f~,:'A. \J~MJrk)):~R.A:No. 9-710, Sec. ·.24); . . . .. . ~'.10, $~c. 4(i)}. : . ... . ·. ~~h~ J.o~ivelih~qd, .Credit,· ca.pitaJ ·. ·and ·· .. ·· · · f t :1;;..11- . , ./. ..,rth t · "f~cJ-friolqg.'y.]R.A. No. 97-10, Sec. 23), . . Affirmative ~ct_ion re ers .o-. ~l.1>.~t~Y.1aGJton ..,.,.;..-~'&.--......J:oo'c!:.seBtirii~eind Productive Resources. {R.A. .. favors marg1nal1zed . groups , 11y sr.oli:as · . w· ~0~,gjf{( S.~2fV:.. · ·. . . · · · . . . . J . w~me:n.: . ·· , . , j ... k-D) ·. Ai~ }~ RigtV, td W~rk _(R.A. No. 9710, ~ec. 22). · Note: It is -a special measure~/~~ it i$li1o.t cq~~~9 ,.,. t · .. \ <_l('f~ · . · ·1 · discriminatory since · it · ail'.n~;:to1~cc~l1f~te..J.t\.~ 111;1aJIBr:11l(PR)· · · - . attainn,~rit"·,o~ ·equality _of_"iorii'el;i Th'e -~Vir~'at~e ·. c;_,1~r?trct1on_ (f::'.~: No._ 9!10, Sec'. action must be discqntinuect ~.l;J,n~he ob ~tives, :. . ,. ::..vJJq. 1,3 9), .f., ...... · t,,--= ~ 11,;. • · - · • _.. , eqt.Jal(.ty." of opport~nity }mci t'f:e·atf\:ien(i,. }\..._)?e:e_r11-. .., 2._ · P~!&1P~tlon1,~nq: k.!Sepresen~~t1~n. _(R.f*. No. achieved (IRR.'?f R.A. Nb. 9l1P,~'$Jl "?{: ff'}.\!,,;·_.:- 1£{. ' .J.;.f~ -P)~J/: :. .. · . . . _: . . \"""°' ,, c~~/~7 .; · 1¥ ·, •. .. Tempor.ary Special Measure~·var_ie.t\ of le~i8 i' -~~o'oJ,.a}l~~g~IJU~nts;,~P4TA-S3.HI)... .· ~x~utive,. ··admi_r1isqatiye, ••·· an'd \ re_gil~~,~~~6tecjJ9.n.JrpJ'f!~trol~n.ce (R.A. -No_. 9710,:Sec._instaj.men~s. ·polici!')S, and p ctices ~c![l'.lf:JQ.._~~,~);/.._· .-·j . .· . . · · . : atcel~r.ati~g. this· de fac_to·· _eq!-Ja ity _ofj>'.6mi~ir-i"'-:--d~~~c,e\~9. t)~v~lo_pme_nt. (R.A. ':"o. 9710, Sec. specific areas. · · : -~ ·-~(9A ~=-~9("'\,")·,..:1;1'· · :· · ·· · · · .·. · · · · ·. · ·· · · ·.. :··,lt-· ·VI -~ If foi~dtepJiori.of..Girl--:fhifdr~n- against all_forms of Note': The .-me~sures ."shall be·. abolisr:i'ed,•.,.Q'n9e -1_-V'.L, <:.: J;!iseriminatjon .·· iQ. Eduocjtion, Heafth and. ~ egualitY is achi"eved· (!RR· of _R.A. No. · 971 O,~c!:"-'"""""~"""""N.utr1~i6n,· and Skills· · DE!velopm_imt .(R.A. · No... 7(v)).· · .. · · · .. .. 9710;-Sec:·JZ);·. . . .... -:.-. · :.. . . . . . ' ' • · · . ·4 .. Erotection of Women_.Sen_lor Citizens.. (R.A. No: : Wo~en'_in.·the Military; .Pol_ice.. ?nd ()th~r Slmlla·r·." · 9710,'Sec. 33}; ·· ... ,. . ·. · $~rv.ice~-refersJo:wom~n. · ernpl.oyed_ in. the milit?lry, . 5. Equal"!reat_mentbefate the Law.(R.A. No 971 O, b9th in·t11e·rnajor anq·te~hnic~v~·ervices .• who_are .. ·· -. ·Sec .. 12);: ._..:. :" _'.. :· : .. : . .. : .. · . · . ·.perfor(TliJJg, ce>mbat ~ind/or . i:ion,co.rnbal_ functf~ns, 6. Equal ,8eces~-and Elimination of Discriminc;itiori .1· prov_i~ii1g· security to t!=Je _State, .ar:id protecting tt)e . · -· in Educatibn, $cholarsh!ps and. Training. (R.A. · ._pebple from va·rious forms of th_r,eat:,"lt also Jn9ludes · No>97.1 13); , · ·, · . : wom~n. ti.aiiiees i1fall military tr.aining in$titµtlo_ns.· 7.. ~pecial _leave Benefits (R.A_."No: f.")110, Sec . . · . _(JR.R Fj.°A.: No. 9-7-10,. Sec.: 7(~)).. .. •. -:. . 18)\· · . .· . · · · ·. ·, .. · a.' "§02~1 Protectiqn (RA .. No .. 9710;_ $ec.. 27); .·. · · VVo~"e'n.. 1~ .t;s"p.eci·.illy -·:Oiffi.~ult. Circ'lim~t"ances' . 9 .. Right to'.§el'vices an_d· Jntervent!on.s fo(:VV~men · . . (WEDC) .. are "\iictjms · and· s1,.1rvivqrs of sexual ~met ·.. in ·Especially Pifficult Circumstances or WEDC .• · ·. ·: pfiysical ab"usel". illegal. recl'l!ilmen"t. . pros~iulio"n, .. . (R.A No. 9710,-Sec. 31),, · . • · . trafficking, ..armed· ~oiiflict, womerj in detention; 1.0:: Right to.!:!.ealth·°{R.A No. .9.°710, Sec:. -17); and victims and survivors.of ~pe and' incest, and ·such 1 1. Righfto lnfoir'ria~ion (RA- No .. 971o, Sec. 26t . other>. related·· circ.umstances. Which . hc;!VE! . "incapacit~led·them fun_ctionally (f:?.A. No. 9710, Sec. 33) ..
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'ii }.:Rights of Women in the Marginallzed·Sect~rs:
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1. . Women in Development and Nation Buildinq Act
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· political, social, and economic rights ·• recognized, prornoted.iand protected under' existinq 1aws.are.nereby_.gu_aranteed ir)Cl~din9 the rights to: ·. 1: Recognition and preservation ot,_g_ultural identity . and integrlty _not discslmlnatory ·to women (R.A. .. No. 9710, Sec. 28); and · .. . · 2. _Bepre-ser\ta!ion and .. participation ·in·· policy. . · making. or decislon-makinq bodies (R.A. No. .. ·. · 97_10, s'ec. 25). . · ·. · · · ·
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Anti-Rape Law of 199-7 (R.A. No. 8353); Rape Victim As:slstance and Protection Act of 199B.(R:A.'No . .Bp05); · . . 6. ·. Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2003 (R.A. No. 9208); and · · · · 7. Apt_i-Viole()cef.,:Agains_t ·.:worrien- and . Their· .Ctiildre~ 'Acfof 2004 (n»: No .. 9262)(R.A: -No. 4. 5.
coverage
of the rl;Jles: -~nd. regulatipns ·-97UJ_;-Seo. 4_1); • · · · includes: · . . . . . . , 1 .. All concerned National" Government Agencies · .· :::(NGAs),. Bodies, Instrumentalities, .lncludinq ' : If_ violeh:c~ has 'been proven \o be perpefratedby . . ·GO.CCs.; . . . , agents· of the State including; but not limited to, ,2.· -Private Ehtities (PE); · ·. . . extrajudicial killinqs, enforced disappearances, -3 ... Local gqvernmeht' units (LGUs); · · · . ,.. ...-.;;,· . torture, .>and internal displacements, such shall be 4. · Private and state .Urilversitles . and · Colreg"M:',::;~?. considered aggravating offenses with corresponding . (S-U~s), al'fd_~rN~te and p~blfcScho?ls; anf~;,f~/~\. penalties d_ependi~g on the severity·of·the off(:!nses_ (: · 5. Equ11(alern.~n1t_s Autonomous Region: (lfi.R ?,fR.A. No. 9710, S~c. 42(5))._ · . . ": . (!RR ot R.A. No. 9710, Sec. 4),. ~l l~H'~:· ~·r.;::-~~- . ~,.,_ · . ,·. · - Implementation
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·Primary [;)uty .of the .~t._it~ ih Rel~tl~!J.:)J,;'1%man~f(r-. "-~~/~. . · · .: . . · ;.~. Rights of Women: · . ·. · ('T _ !.W, . ANTij,;w:~xuA:i ~ARASSMENT }·· Tt1e-~tate'. as .the pr_im_~l)'.-_du~y-Qear~r.{*-.!1a!f:: Mcli--'(R..A~ No. 78-7.7) .' . 1._. -~-efra_!n.tt.of"!'! .d~s~rrn11-':ratm9)aga1.r..§t· vi.?lPe.fi:a~_d. 'ff . fi. . " · · · .. . ~, . , . violating their rights;. . ·. '~k'. . \j: \ .. ., ,•. ·, 2:· Protect.women.against tj1~.<.Q.f1110a~,g_?,-apdfrop-;r~. !:'"' Oeclar ....!.~.J?f.Pol1_c_y. . . · · ~-:_.. . · · viol_a_t~on ,of ~e~r _rights bY~privat.e:c_grp.'QratlQ.@.~{·. i,,~-~ . T~.e . . :entit,es ancj_md1_v1duqlS; anc!,,; t~i,~. · cl!i~.~ : .. 1. 'Value-.:tl:lli.:.Q1grnty ot·every md1V1dual; . . . . ,~. · .. 3. Promot~ and 'fulfil the righ~o{::..,-4.'om;e~ ·i.n ~Ii ·._- 1\1 . 2.- ·.. Upholg the· QJg_nity_ of workers, emplqyees, :} spheres,· il')qhJ'ding· their··rights;\t9 · sti~tariti~e p:7¥-...:···i~pplicantsfor emp!oyll)ent: _students:_or 'those 't}. . · equality ~nd non,<1isci'ii')'lination ·(~:4--t'J.o{ g:f!,0.~~~':''t::"~~:~\-gr:t~d~~!-9~i~~ t~fr:iirig, i_nstruction or'e~ucati"on. · \ · . : · Sec: 5)-, . .· · ·. · ·. .. . , ·.. 1:(. . . faf},-,.-·..-,~L_~:...'t.l;'nhanc_e. the ~e:'elopment of' _. ,ts .!:!.u,ma~ . , · · · · · · ··· · · · · t..iA · · • · f'f\i · '· .- · .- . resources, and · . . . · . . · Spe,cifjc Res.ponsibiliUes.'pf t~e. Gov~~~t .. .. . .4. Guarc1ntee-full.respect.for .!:!.urrian fights. . . _.-, The Magna Carta of WornE;?n ·mandates; ·.. · . . . . . ·. · · :·., .. .• · • • 1 ·-rhe·, adoption of· g·~nde~ mairistrEfoming· as' a Note: All· f9rms :of. ·sexual h~rassment in ttie ··strategy for im.plement)ng· the:lc1w and attaining employm~nt, education. Qr training envirorimert-c!_re its obj~dives-; · .-. :· · · ... _,, hereby deqlarichinlawtul (R.A.-No>-7.fJT'r, Sec. 2)..: 2. T-Jie· · planning,' ·budgeting,. monitoring · a.nd · . · .· . . , :·. · . .. evc!h..lation for gender and deyelopm.ent;_ · · · , : WhQ. M~y· commit,:ffl~·ME2-ACT~-AIMD) . ~- The creation and/bl" strengthening "of gender ~nd . . 1-:'" Teacher;· . . . · .. developmen.tfocar po in.ts-;. and. . ·.. · ·. · 2 .. ~ instructor;· 4.: .-The g'enefratio.n and m
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SPECIAL GROUPS SAN.i,EDl\ LAW C.Ef'rT.RALIZED BAR OPERATIONS7 MEMORY AID 2019 IINH
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12. Any person who Q.ire.cts or induces another to , -comrnit any act of.sexual harassment -as herein defined, or who cooperates in· the commission thereof by another, without which. it .would not have been committed, shall also be. held liable . 'under this Act (R.A. No. 787_7;_Sec. 3).
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Gravamen of the Offense . The gr.av.amen· of the offense in· sexual .hara~sment · · js not. the.vlolatton ·of the· employee's, sexuality but the abuse of power by-, the employer. Any employee, . male. or..female, n;iay rigtitfully cry "foul" provided the . 'claim: is well -substantiafed (PH ...Aeolus AiJtom9tive· Unitecl ·Corp. v, NLRC; .G.R. No.. 1'?4617;-~pril 28, . 2000).. ', . : · ··.· . .. · .·· · ..
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In an educatloh or training environment, sexual harassment iscorrirnltted: (CEC-iHO) · . a. Against one who is uncter..the.,£are, custody or supervision of the offender; ... b. Against· one. whose · ·gducation, training, · apprenticeship-or tutor.ship is entrusted to . . the oftender; . C, When· the sexual·.favor is made. a ~onqition ·. · to the §lying of a. passing grade, or the : granting honors and scholarshlps; or the .. payment of a stipend, 'allowance.. or other .benefits, privileges or considerations; and · d. When- the sexual . advances . result. in . · !ntimidatfng,: a . .!::!9,stile . · ,oF · QffenSiVe. : environment for the result, . · trainee· "or .. "apprentice · (I HO) . (R.A No. 787.?,-. Sec .. 3; . par. (b)). ·· ·
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Wh~n,.Sexuai Hai'assme~t·Punisha~le/ (WET) f · Work-related;· ·: '. ·.- .· . · · · .. 2 ... · .sd~.~~tiolli--(ela.ted; .and ·. . . . """"==::._Note: Any ~erso.n who ~ire.cts:or induces another or 3. .Iramtng-,refa!ed (R.A. No. 7877, :3_ec3~~s- ii' ~er:&tesin ~t-le cernrmssion of sexual harassment · · · . • · . . ' ~;, ,-?·. ·· ~· · ~ · . ~{tfoqj-ii~Qit would not be committed, shall also How Committed· · · ./.__ ' _,,be,·' ~u ,....., 1·IJl.O!ft ~bl '-YDA · · . • • ',1< ,-.. -~· · ---=·=--== ·!'!.~· • No. 7877 . , Sec: 3''1• .: Demands, requests or . otherwist}~.r~qu~e~;~f'iy-. · ·""'~~ fv · sexual fa~orfrom the othe~ .regar~lis~pt}1~fner~J-,~~~~E>ucy.,;_~f'tq_~<(tnpl~\er ~r .~ead ~f Office ~ Workdema,:id, re9uest o~ requir~~~.f-H~r ~9J:Sml,5Slon is . "iP .g91atecf:,· ~~~ctt~n or Training Environment: a9cepted by the obJeraJ. ·.or writtej·.state eht._Jtl~mayp\i\m:rr.L:li.1Pt\ .. ~ex; ·~ ,·- '. di . · . .· 'ct 'th· • i..."""'t·"i;~ tti< ·, t:<,i. ~4-Ji. .. ,;z-:.2_';2.· Pro t1,~;th01. pro~f)ldures for the Fesolubon, d .1sceme , w1 equa 1 .ce ue, , ..., ~~ .......u....i.ue· . . · 1• · f f I 910~? t /I . offe'nder. It ·is enough thatforer.:e;pon" €~' ~ °'<>i:)nor.\C!') ,·~. S.7'7~ n. _pi:,.,,pr.o~e~u1-ion O ' acI s O sex,ua · • · • · · ·~1~···· •· ~ ~" '"1ii... .~,.·~~1ffissmerit·'-'JI · · result In creating anintimida.li~g, hoslile o. reo~''v~~ e'(,,~!..,/~'.:~ ~· · ~~( 'i ·d , r ·· ·environment for the employe~tbomi~~v. ..U 19~ appri~ ia 1~~es an . regu 1a 1o~s in G.R. .,Vo. 155831.·Febru'a.ry 1aidooar· · : . ~o~sul~~tlon w1t_p. ':i!'ld. JOl~U~ a.pproved by th~. · ·. · ... ·... · . . • ·. · ! .. : '.. \'.. . : .. , . ~c'•f~\he)n~g.ye~s or P,UdentS Or tr~inees,.th(O?~h t_he1r ... ·'Spe~ific~lly: :_. .'·. ·. · , . • '\.. · }', ·~~~yJ~ .d~.s~n.ateq repre~.entati~es,_pre.scribing the· 1·, In a · w.ork-related ~r,~rfiJildf~$!rtf~.r.:-=-~P(tc~dlj'~/tor the ·11westJgat1on 9_f. sex.~a.1 . · envir~mment, sexual barass1r1ent:is',~r'im.~ted. t, .ca~~s.. and .· thE:.. administrative . "."h~r((CRlm-lHO) -:.. .: . , ~~~;""",;.!~ ;;~~r:iet1o~s_.ttierefpr, :. · .· . . • . . . · .. · a: The sexual fc!-vor JS made· as a·£0.ndihon: . . .~-. p1ssem1!1ate or. post. ij cOl?Y of this. Ac.t for the ·i. . In the hiring:odri the employment;· :; . · 1nf.ormat10A ~fan co~cerned; .an_d , · .. if ·.R~;_·emplo,Ymenr . ·. or , continued 5. ~reat1 ~ .. C~rnm1)tee ... on d~corum.. -an9 .. emplo.yment of said i(1dividuc1f; or: . · . ... ~nvesbgat1on of ca.st=:s.Q[)' s~xual har~s~mentto · : .. :. iii. Jn .. gr_;:mting,··sai<J··· lndividual' favorable· mcr~as~.. underst.andmg ar,id·.pre~~ntlrlc1.~entsof: · · c6mp~risatlon; , terms; . . conqitfons, .. sexual. harassmen~ (R·.~. No, 7.,f:177,S.ftb.. 4), . . . pro.motions·or. privileges. . ,. . . . . .. . . .. .. . .. n-h R f h · If · · ·1 · · · Note: Administrative sanctions shall not.be a bar to b . . ; '• e _e usal t.o granN e sexu;:i .. avorresu ts.· .. prosecution in the.P.rOP·.e.'r.c.ourrs for unlawful ac.ts of ii:'i limiting; $egregatlng or. cl~sslfying· the · .. . employee : wt.iicti·· ilJ . any:· .-way .. wouid. sexual harassrri~nt (R,A:.No. 7877; Sec. .'_4j.' . .. . .. · •.. . . . . discriniiriate, '. ·deprive . or.· . diminish.. . .. . ·. . . . ;· .... ,, . . .. ' . ,. '· ·. : . . . : .. employment' opporturi'iti'es ·or:-. o\herwis1;1 Liabjlity. of: the .Employer· or: H~ad of Office;· . adversely affect said erriploye~;· · . Edocational'or Trai'ning lnstituuo·n. · : · ·.· · , .•. c .. ·.'fhe·· abm.1e · acts· .. woald Impair the $hall .be sp_lidarily lfable for dama.ges ·arising frqrt{=·.. .employee's . .rights· ?Ind pri,.i'ileges und~r. thE1 acts: of sexual harassment'· committed· in the· existin·glabor Jaws; ·and. . · emp!oymE!nt, i~du.catiOl).Or train·ing erlvironinent:ifthe · d. The. above.· acts ·would result in··. an. employer or head:ot:office, educatiori
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Independent Action for Damages Nothing in this Act-shall preclude tne victim of work, education or training-related sexual harassment from instituting a separate · and Independent action .for- da'mages. and other affirmative relief (R.A. No. 7877, Se_c. 6).. . .
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follows; :. . . ·. . · ... 1'. · Wheh~the child is below 18 years· of'.aqe, in a. · work or. economic . activity . that . does ·· not ". constitute child labor; and. . . 2 .. When the child below 1 yearsof age:
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Chlid.··.Labor .is any· work or· 'economic activity . performed by a ct\ild thl=!t. subjects hit:1/her to· any. form of exploitatioh 'ot Is harmful to :his/her-health . and safety or physic·a1,_inental·. or psychosocial· . development_to.o. No. $5-0f,I,. Sec: 3(P)).··· · . ·.
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children a~d enh·a'nce'tliefr:Qpp~rtunitie$ fora useful and happtlife. (~.A N'o;.9231, Sec. 1). . · . ., ·. . 1 Definition ·of Terms . . .. , Chiid is a'i,y p~-~sori'under .18 years of age (D.O. No. 65-04, Seq. 3(a)). '
Any per-son who :vi~l~tes the provisions of this Act · ;: - shall, : upqn · conviction, be · penalized · by imprteortmentof not tess'tban frncnth nor more than. :'. - Six (6) mOnths,.or a fin0 of nortess than P10,000 nor . more · than P20,6oo, · . or both such fine and ,, ·. imprisonment 'at· the discretion of the court (R.A. ;; · ', 7877, S~c. 7). · ·- ·. . · . · ·
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· . · ·. · · · ·y'.,_ 1-1 · artistic:· litfr~r9it· 'an·d ·cultural·. performances ·tor AR!ICLE 137: MINIMUM_ l:MP~OY jd televisionjst:i,?~.radio progra':11, cinema ,.or film, i The-niinimurn employa\:)le age;Js::.1-5' yee,~:~age,. ,;:~ . theater; 6om1JT1er&a1· advertisement, public relations fv., ~ubject only,o exceptions (Ll}.~0B CO.@.£;/ Art. 137r.A, activitiel or·c~ir1p~Jgns·,.'print,materi~ls, internet and !(_'-// <-::z..:~:J~~ .. -~ .0 .}) .othei:~1-1~i~~(q:~(&o: 6p-04, Sec.,3(nJ)).. NC?t.e: The law·governing the e~plo'y~~~V.of mil).o.~s; ,{} · · ,.t_;1,;::.'bf!.:/· · · · · .. . · is R.:4-. · 92~1•. 53s .~rnen.d:e(1.,(otn~~1~~1~~.~wn cl';,. :.J E_!flployment of C.h,il~fre,h. . ., . · \( Spec.1~1.f~r9t~Ct1on_of.?h.1ldr~n l\gatQ,sfCh11~,:fb.us1e,... .::L:..... Gener~I Rule:·Childrel"! below 15 y.ears·of age (\ .. , Expl~1ta.tron:an~. D1scnm1~_at1onAd);: -f~?:.; · . i_,)r·;.,r'.' Fi" .. ~sh,~1!1:iotb~ emp!oy~d (RA. 9?3·1, ~ec. 2). f~ \• • • . • . .. • . / •_/ . .,...-:"'?..6.l ,:,1.J.!..4-. ~::D • . )~·....-· . . !..!'/ ~-. r·=-- -:-: . . , ~ ·· ·
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;~-~~~~0 work¥ ·~iir~cUy_1.fnder.th~.~ole ~espom~1b1l.1ty o'f his/her J:?arents or· legal gui,lrdian and where only· members··of his/ ." her fam.ilyare emjlloyed;. . . _-· . · . · ; ·· · · · Conditions· . . . . . . . · i. . That .. hi~/tier ·.. emproyrnent neither . endangers his'.life, safety, healt.h ar19. morals, . Ji.or ... i,:npa[rs '. his hoi"mal . · dev~lopmerlt; ·a,~d . . . ·.. .. . . .. ii. That tt:ie parent· or.legal guardia·n shpll . provide ·.the said minor child with ·tne' -, . • prescriped . primary: and/or :sec:'ol'ldary ·· . ·· ed1,1tatfon (R.A. No .. _9231, Sec.. 2). · .. ·. · ... b.
Where the . child's _e.mployment'· or 'pa,rticipation. 'in. public··. ·entertainment or. informatiol') through 9lnema', the?ttet, radio,. television · or o.ther forrri~ ot -m.edia . is essentiaL· .
4 ... 'Has. been SE)Jectedfor a froject after undergoing auditiqns, workshops or VTR screenings;· and . the employment· contract is 5: Has been se'lected as Semi-finalist· in a .contest 'concluded bythe child's parents or legal··. for-a telev!slon show.(o-:d. No.'2-18, item 1). guardian with the express agreement of the child concerned, if possible, and the approval of the DOLE; 'and . . : · A ·wptk permit is. not required.if a child below 1"5 years ii: That the following requtrernentin'atl . · ofage:··(S3A~°CGF) . . . . . .· . . instances are strictly complied with: . . 1. ts a' .§.pot extra or is cast outright en the day of 1) · The employer." shall. ensure· the · : filming or taping of a· project; . · protectlon.. tiealth:. safely; morals 2. · Is a partlclpant iri §chool-related performance; .. and· -norrrral development- of -the3.. ls participant in 2P.Prts ~ctivities,.trainin'gs or child· . .: . .. ,. . . < workshops; . . . . .2) The ' · employer · sh.all -ihstitute .·.. , 4. : . Is c;i contestant'. 9f. a 2inging;' dance or talent .measures to prevent .the child's contest for a televislon.show butnot as· a semi- . . exploitation· or·discrimination taking . finalist; . . . . . . .. . into account'the system and level-of . "5. ·Will Join ~uditions 'or VTR screenlnqs; . · remuneration, arid the .duration-and. · · '6 .. -1~,ea.r:t ofthe audience of a live televtslonshow arranqernent of working time; · · ·. · · .. unless his-participation is expected: . 3) . The employer slia.il formulate -a~_._--=sk Is .chosen as a Contestant from the audience 'of · · implement,.. subj'ect to th~. ~pl=)fcfval 'T- . 'J\ ~~,iv.~television; show; . ·. · 1 ·.}'>~;,,.f,s)J r~~iRJ.~nt of §ift-gi.ving activities in television; and supervlsion.. ·?f-1"'.:-ifom~teot . 'authorities, ·. c\: con~i,~G~r~ii;~~"-\¥ill ~e je_~~redin a documentary material · for training ·and s~i!Js·;a~!)~jJion of · (D. e.~~1-JJf1•)[1:z.m1). · · . . · .- . · the child _(R._A_-lfJo~'?-31:ri'S,..~ ..,...z);-~~--..,,,_~::(:-· ·_\: .... · ·. . · ·. . . and . -, / ;:j'= mi .. -~pte: r-pr c~tQ.r.~_ll')~peanngm .a singleproject and · 4) The ch_ild is-,rov1cl~'Wit at· leasl · .!~ $ith0ut \ wor._'k(: p'ermit yet, t.h.e :-, DOl.:.E ~he .-mand'ft10!Y ·. ~fern~~~a~c or ,Ay~~e_g~?nal{Pro.vi~oJallF,~~id Office ·stiall issue ~ group -·. seconda': ~~?tic;Jn.(D:Q~ N~ ~~,-_J>~~lfTra:C. No~2{1_§;;,1(e.m_ 3): . .·.· . · . 04, S~c._7,.!fi:fr. f~Jt . . \ ~,.r , ~ ).:,,/. 1: ... \ . ·. ·. . ' ·. ·.. 11 ..;--:"',t {;ff:-#, 1 G:tound,! for · s,p~-pe~~,on and·. Cancellation. of. Note: A wo~k · ·p~rrmt ~ rrblh~ prn£] ust ~-~-r...;:~2,!:..k R~9':@t:· (ff,TErnP.10) · . . <. · . · pr~cured firsr before .ef.!g:t,~:·i~~~aJ5oV.I".:;~ . .-~~1~~1·0Yr.e9-t0r !hall. ~uspend_or cancel tt,e exceptic;mal cases .. · . · \ l \ '\.~~\\;~. ·. . · ~Jv;,;~l';,!_'.lit·i~Jue~~fq,lfa· working ct:iil~ under the . . . .~ . . -~ _. ~~~f.1 l(i.>~n3f'mstances..:. · · · For pur~os·es of this Articl€!',:_!l)eterm, ·c~ili:R.~~J~, , .1 ~f;thfr7/(s:·:1;rauo· o~ misrepre_sentatio~ in th.e apply to all ~etsons·und_er_.1 ~ears &~g~<'lqtf~f'w~~a~ion . wort<._ --~ermit . or ·. ~ny: :pt . _it,s. . No. 7610, as amen.ded by R."J\__ No. ~3"4~~ §JlpportJJ;l9..~0~uments, . , . . , . · 12).. · · ""'"=~2f-"'}\t~\;J;,o/m?and.conditions _s~t forth.in t_he child's ·.'J\ /J ··l\~J!>l~1:it· co.n_tract-. and/or · .. employer's Vali'dity ·ofWo_r~kPerini~ . · . . . · -~~~ .VA('~·::1,1.ade",rt.ak_irig'havtibeei:i viol_ated; · · ·· .. Th.f!·Work per.mit s_hall state the ·period o( its v_alidi\~~lfthe. EmP,foyer fails to···institute measur~s to· . bas.ed on. the employm~ht cohtrE1~t"9r'the appli,caticm ; ·. • en~ure ·t_hE:l.. prot~'ction; '1~alih,- safety, m.orals, for work permit, as the case m.ay."be. However; the , ·. and norm~l·devel6prnent,ofthe .child;.'· ·· . . pe.fiod of validity ·shall .in cas_e .e~c,eed one .yei-ar · . ·:· 4. ·. I~ t.he e_inployer:fails.to. fo'rmulate.and ·implemerit '. . · (D.O.No.,6_5~04, S$c.''1?),:' .· . a Er-ogr.amfor·the eaucation,.'tralning·and.skills · · ·· · · . . ij.c.quisitl.~n 'o{lhe child~ or._:. · ..: . · : :· · C~)!er'age of Working· Child Per.mit · : · ·. · · 5:' ·u .a child ha~ been· Qeprived_ acce~·s.to formal, ~·~ork pem:iit_is· required·if'a ct,ild be.low 15 years of . · · · J'.IOli-formal ·or allemative learning systems ·of age: (FREPS) . . . ,.·&1.uc~tion ,(D.o: N_o.:)>q-04,Sec .. -22): .' · .• ·. . f. .ls foreign nati9'.nal ,ana, wiif pe engaged: in . \ . .. . . . public erjt~rtaininent: or !nformation 'In the" . -: .·Hoµrs of Work a Working Child' . .. . Philippines; . . .". . . . . · / ·.. · . · . ·:. It include&:·. ,··. · . . : · .· .. ·.. .." _ . 2·. · Wi!f be er19ag.ed as a Regular ex~ra or as part.of1·. · Alrtime"durlrig which a· child is required to.be a.t .. . a .. crowd and is. included in the script .or a· ptescribed workplace: ~i:itl . · ·· · . · · . ··storyboard;·. : · ·. · · · ·. · · : · ' :z. ·Alf time :during :."which .. ~-. child · is suffe.rea·.9r ' · 3. Will .be gngaged · ill .public· entertainmei'it or . permitted .. to · wc;irk .. ···it : .is inclusive-·. of . informa:tion. regardfess qf !')is/her. roie ·in a· wardtobe/costum·e fittiiig, make7up· appliya.tlon,.. . · · projeCt. This~ Jnt)ud~s proj8·9ts . which. a·re oon· · ·· , · .profit; . advocacy .. materials qr political. '. ad_v~rtisements; '· Conditions: 'l. That.
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practice or rehearsal while fn the w_orkpla~~:.· . including.Wf;:lititig time (D: c. No. 2-17, item 2:2) ·r . .1{ Note: Sleeping time as well as· travel lime of a child ff: .engagecj irj. public entertainment or informatlon from l his residence to his workplace shall not be Included ~; . as hours worke.d wHhout.ptejucliqe to the applicatton ·, {:, ·ot'existing rulssonEmployee'sCompensatton (D.O.
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Con.dition:-Thatnot more thari ·20% of the child's, . .-incorn.e may b~ usedfor the. collective needs' of the family'(o.o. No: 65,~.·4, Sec. 8) .... Noter-Collective .Needs of·the:Farnily.includes .food; shelter;·iigh~ and water, ciot!iing·, .~ducat.lon/me~ical, transportation , and other expenditure items. · .necessaryfor.the survival of (he family of ihe child (D. 6. No. 65~04, .sec: 3(i)). ·
{··. M~ximum N.u~b;r of Hours ~f-Work: . . 2. Th~· income of the working child .andl~r. th~: 1.:··' ..··.·: 1. A fhjld below fifteen· (1'5)' years of ;:ige ·may be · .Property acquired..tt)ro.Ligh thet. work o(tlie·child , allowed to. work fornot morethan twenty'.(20)' · .. shall be. administered by· 'bo h parents. Irr the hours. a.week and more· four (4 ): hours at · . absence or \1.1capacity of either parent, the other any·given day;: ·· .~. . parent shall administer the same .. ln case both · ·2. A, chUd fifteen .who i,s·.~fte.en (15). years· of a.ge parentsareabsent or.incapacltated, the order of -anc'.f below eighte~n· (18) shall not bl:l allowed to · 'preference on parental c1ut~ority, as provided for -worktormore than eight (8) hours aday, 'and in under theFamilyCode snail apply 65-04; . no case beyond f.drty {40)'hours a w.eel<;:a.h.d . · Sec. 17). · 3. No child below fifteen (15)· years. of agE;!. shall be.,/['/ . . 'allowed 'to work between.eight(~) o'clock·iri ihl·,/ir. · Preservation of the Working G.hildts Income ·,. ev~ning and six·(6) q'cipc.k in tbe morning .'The.·ir'ICOf"!le of the working c~ild shall b~ .depc;,sifed ·. following, day .an~ .no· child fift~er) (15) yea(~fPJi ·.in.a Tru?t-Fun.d.or~avings ":'~CO\Jnt setup or..operied a~e ;;ii:id .below eighteen .(1 {!) yea~s of age s~~l)·,~ ,~~;;~..,,~2'9..~rhis. nJl.f,Qeby t~.e~dr-rn,n1strator of suc.h mcome, . be allowed fo wor.k' between ten (1.0) ·o·~tG?rc~ !D.' Yt~~-~t~,t.0:,.tt:lejcond1hon.s, under Sec. 18 of D.O. 65, the eveni~g flnd:six (6) o'clock in t~~;f))fri[nfJof-.,. f. · 04·arrd't,he·~~yilCode: The following rules apptr. th~.follow11.1~ day·(D.O. No_. l!5-04,;:Seo:,15). ,1\-)~ · , 1. Whe.n.A~~1prne · !S. at )east P200,000 .- the \J( . · /.,.,.,,\ · · adminis·t.r.at~{shall .s~t up a Trust J:und for tt:ie R,est perio~s of $hort dura~i~IJ;;?f!!i.1~f~prl
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. trust Fund fro:m Fines and Penalti'es 4. .Work w.hich, byits nature or the .circumstances The fine imposed by the· court shall be treated as a · .in which it is carried out, is hazardous or likely to be . harmful to the. health; ·safety.' or morals· of: :Tn,!st ·Fund, .administe(ed· by.b'OLE ·.and disb_ursed · exclusiveJy.. for the needs,· including. fhe cost ·of . children, such that it: . · rehabilitation and ~eintegration iatq me: m~instrea_m · a.' : Depases, degrades or demeansthe intrinsic of socie.ty of the working·children who are·victirns of '; worth. and dignity of a child as. a human . being;: · · · · vi.olation's.-of this Act, and for t_he· "programs and . . b. Exposes. the-child to physical, emotional or projectsthat will prevent acts of chlld labor (R.A. No. 9·2;H1:S~c. "7). · . · . . .· . · . · . sexual abuse, or - is found to be hi~hly. . stressful. psychologically or .may. prejud_ice .' ·· .morats.. . . . .. . ·.. Wh.o may·File.a·C~mplalnt-on.Cases of UnlaWful c. Is performed underqround, underwater, or. . ActsCorrimltted Against-Children . ·. .'at.dE1ngerous ~eights; ·. . . ·. · · . · ·.1, · Offendedparty;" · .. · . · · ·d .. Involves .the use .of dahgerous. -machlnery, Parentsor quatdiaris.. .. . .· . . equipment and tools such as power-driven 3. Ascendants or collateral relatives wlthlrr the third explosive. power=actuated tools; . . · . : .". (3jd) degree bf cbns.ariguinlty; . · . . . · , · ·er.· Exposes 'the child to. physical danger such· . 4: Officer,' social worker or .. representative .. of a 'as but not .lirnited to the danqerous feats Of licensed Child caring lnstltutlon: . . balanclnq, physical strength:or contortio~·or,_,.=..,~~ Offfcer:or. social worker of DSW.D; . . . which" requires _the manual transp(:1eof tf :.'.f::~E.~_r-igay chair,:n_an -of the. plac~ wh~r~ the . · heavy load~; . . . · Lf~· t!\.: l\/¥19ta~0pccurrsd,~her~ the chJld rs resldlnq or . · .... t Is, performed 1n an unheal~l}f;erwwojl1Ti3P..k---=:o~~-efup!py~~,Qr· ·. . .•. . .· . .· . . e~po~!hg 'the child· to ·_t:rW,rdo~~~01King .,.,; . 7. ;''J:\l~l'?~-st 3f'ep§:fr~ed_.responsible citizens where . conditions, elements, tf. sOb~~n,..ce~,,.,.~·~e:r-'-"'~9,~-=. . . ,,.tpe vi~l-aJi'bri qc~gurred "(RA No. 7610, Sec. 27 agents . or pt'ocesse~/li"OjVIJ/9 jonizingn ···~i a~mJ'nllelJJiy :A.. No. 9231, Sec .. 8). · . rapiation,' · fire, . flamm~&l~;.f. su~~tance.s, L&. ~t1 ~H< ~· · · . .. . · .. . noxious ·component{ and tfe lik:e,. or: to·/{}~ JIJris:dic ion \ ( () t, ·. · ·. . . ·. · . ·. e~trer;ie .te!J1peratuJ:~,lise.. LJlWls~o·r 1r-:-T~r:a.A ~ly· CC!'t1~~~.t,~IIhav~ origin_al jurisdiction . · . -· v1bratio11s;_ · . . _'ltz~l'"':7-· . ,~er-fallffa:=:es 1r-volv1q ·<:1~~h~es purnsha.ble under . g. · .. Is P~_rfor~ed . unorrAa l[ic.ul_arl~1·.. d1ffic~J\Wm:~his Act/VJ:A fl/q. l:'7'~1P~.Sec. 1.Q:A as_ a17Jended ~y ..cond1t1ons.. . -~-~ ~ ~.Al\---·-'·''p':......,;__R.A.N9J~~~1. Jee. 9}.H. · . . . , · .. h.. Ex~~e~ t~e.child t?~b}';)JogWa1·'l{_~~~~rm~.¥.~if· . _' · . .. ·. . a~ bact~~la, . fungi! l'•tli'u~e~·•. p~~oaosl~ .~Jo!z~~J.ies .9f provJ'1beswh~re t_here are no f_arruly · .. ·.· 1.1ei:n~tode_sanq ?ther~~arasif~i;,or\..-<;.p~~.~~~)~'Yet, ~~CJ . and· t~~ MTCs .. ~halt· h~),le .. ~-. :. Involve~ th~ manufaC!!J~ o(~andho.(i~r~i0:~RC!,l~ent .p:msd1~~n ·dep~ndmg ·on )he pena_lties. . ··. ex~losi":e_s _and_ oth~r _p~techrne::\~~~~~~£:~~1~<.ffo_r thE;_pffens~ charge_d.(R.A._ No. 7610, .
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.. ,Pr:ohlbitlon. on the !;mployrrienf of.'G~/c}j in, ~,·. if· ~~~~lmmediat~Legal, M~dical and Psych9· CertarnAdvertisements. . . · · . . .- ~~;.,;__ 1V!Us'ociala1S'etv1ces.. · ... - · ·.: · . · _,· . · No· ··c.hi_ld shalJ be empl~yed ·as· a model ir anr=:=~fw9rking phild_ sh~i1 h_a),le. t!ie: right to .f~~e· Jegal, -~~vertisem~nt, : directly or .indir~ctly, . pro~ot.ing .. · m·e'dica! .an_g ps_ycho-so_cial services:to: b,e··proyi_d.ed. alcoholic ~ver:ages; · intoxicating ·,:drinl<s, toba~cq. by the State ihrou·gn·agenci~s.,m.andat!:?d to·proyide ·and its' _by-products,. g~mbling ·. or a·ny form····of ._slich .."services·: (R.JJ.: 'No. · 76.10, Sec.· 16-A,. a~· ·yiolerice porn~grap~y (R.A:Noi 9231, ·Sec:5).. · amended by: R:A No: .9231, S~9,9J: _: .
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Ac·cess-to Education·.and·'TYainlng· for Working .Chll~ren . ·. :_ .· . . .. , · ·· : No child shall b_e -deprived of fcirma[, .non-form'al ·or: . .alter.native -learning syst~ms o.f -educauo·n. · lh .. 'all.. :cases where· the ·child . is allciwed ···to. ·work, the em'ployei- s·h8ff provid.e. the child witb -acce$s ·to at · - least e_lementaryand/(?.r seqondary-education. ' ·..
; H~alth · seivices. i~clude.d p~l~ary or·_pr~ye,riti~e.: se.con~ary f?i' curative; and. tertiary or.r~~abilita,live services, or"such s~rvices ·as .may be n"e·ceS$~ry_t_o addrei,~ phys\cal, psyc~olqgical. and.social. probl.ems·· . ~rising from ·child labor. (D:O. No. 65-04," Sec.·20t .
--~~--~~-~loye,r sha.11 ma'ka" a __c~:i;d_w~fk during his/her. ·school.hours arid hinder his/her access·to education. <_:Jurin~ _sc.~ool days 'No: 6'5-04, 9ec.' 19 (a)):
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SP.·l;CIAL GRo·ups·· . ·. SAN BAR I ll019. · BEDA I.AW · CEf'ITRAPZEP . · OPERATIONS · - .MEMORY. · ·.AO
Not~: The. foregoing ·shal.1. be .the 'standard requirements when the ·employment of the domestic worker Is.facllitetedfhrouqh the Privat~ Emplbyrnent Agen·cy (PEA) (R.A. No.. 10361, Sec. 12).
.EMPLOYMEN.T OF. · }IOUSEHELPERS · CHAPTER Ill: .·.... HO~SEt-JELPERS
·.EMPLO.YMEi:.i/.
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lliote: ~hapter 111 has be~~. express,;. fep.eaied by Domestic Worker's .Act .or- Batas Kasambahay RA No. ·.1.0~61 approved. on January· 18, 2013 ·and. ·be.came_effec~l_ve:on. Apri.1 30,. 201-3 (1.5 days· after. ·complet1on....9t its pubtlcation), .» • •
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The east 'the· standard pre-employment requirernents··,shall be- borne by the. prospective employer or the· agency, as the case may be (/RR, · ~.A. No .. 10.361, Rule //;Seq: 4): .
Reg.istrationof'; Domestic Workers·. · . The. employers shall r~gister all domestic workers under their employment in the Registr.y of D.omestic ·.-W9.rl<ers j~. the. barangay .wnere the. emp.!9-yer's D.omest~c Worke.r or. "kasarnbahay" tefers. to any · .. residence.is located .(R.A. No. 10361, Sec .. 17)..' · person er\g13ged in .dornestic work -within " an · · · employment ralatlonship 'such as, but not limited to · · .. .N.ote: Jn cases where the employment of· the the following: ·(G2LA'NCo)' · · •- ' domestic·worker is .fac;:ilifated throuqh a PEA, the ,; .' 1.. ~e.neral househelp: . r-: · -sald ·f:'EA shall .keep a copy 'ot all· employment. 2 ... Nurl:>emaid of"yaxa;" . . r»; c~:m~,;3cts o.f domestlc workers and shall be made· ~= £2?k; . . ,,;;/rf. ·a':';31labl~ for verification and inspection by the DOLE ~-· 45•.. .§arden~·r;· • . . (;>10'.'f.'>) . (~·~· .f:J6:· ;tQ361,. ~ec. 11, par.. 4). ·. . . · · _baun~ry;pe~son;and , - . . (" it!/;·~'!.!:\ . ·. .. . . · . ·. 6. /5.f)Y. P.erson · who, reqularly · performs dom~lii6~; ,·i8:, Rec~1tment.and Fin de.r's Fees .. .. ; z.. work in ~me.housetiold on.an occupationalb:s;Js.; .. ·~1;.1"';~fg?:1;dlesi.79!w~et.h~r the domestic worker was· . · · (/RR,. R.A..· No: 1036-1, Rule. t, Sec. 2),~y · _; (!f !}~1.r.e9.Jm:.~f~~·rp~1vate empl'?!'ment agency or a thlrd . . . ' . . . . : . . . . · . . .~..-:,.. . ~: r·l . party·, no sfi~ff ,m the recruitment or_. fin'de(s 'fees . ··Excluded from .the· definition: (FAC~(\~ ·. ·Shall be chafge,dagainst the c;lomestic worker oy the · ), . 1,. family driver~; . . . · :. _ · .,r said' priv~1 eln't:>loyme~t agency or third p~rty.'(l~.A. 't..:. 2 .. ~Y .. othe~ . persoi:i ~ho~,i;:P!:lff0~~2:;.7work . · NO.. 103t._:·1eq\1-3). ,. · . . · . . ·. r . qccas1onstlly or l?porad1~l-y an hired 4.- §.er.vice pr:ovid¢rs (iRR; R.A~:No/fPi6~· Ru'fii:W; ·d~r.ectly, e~:fui:g,ygt:I a -P~A. shall pay the expenses . Sec: 2)-. . .'. .. . . . \'.~¥· },~\. f! ~· W{ ·: 01rectly used for his/her transfer from place·'!! origin · · . ·. • . . . . . · . -. "--\ ."' . • /.c::'J ,): . · t 7\ . ;·:.,.-.:,!oJhe ·~~·Jr ·ri,1- place ~. of work. . , · . HousehoJ.d refers t~ tl')e.immedlate ·m(':!jveers ·of)lj~ .. ,) .. ,~iifPll, · · :· . · ' . family or.the occupants QMhe,house-~tiR1are.d.if.~9u9£.""L.::Ji.:...::l;fi~ro_plo)'ermay. r~cover deployment costs fr?m •·' .. at1d regl:llarty provi.ded.servicel3 .py th.e1,~a?am~lfhay,· . .the. ' .~as~m?a,har .. whene"':er. the. empl?~m~nt. ..'·,. (/RR, R.,4.. No. ·10361;,.Ru/e 1,-se.c. 3-(g)).l!t'ii):.. · · ~e.la~1o'?~h11;> 1s.,termin.ated w1tl'.11n.. 6 months without . . . · . · . .. . JUSt~u.;:;e (R,A. No .. 10361, Se~. 32)... ··. Employment c;;~mt~act: :' ·. :· .. . . . . ... . . . · ·. 1· · · · .: :· .: .· . ·. -A cuntri;ict-e?_<ecu.ted· by, and .P.et)V~en the dom·estic . · · . Rtghts ~·nd Privileges of a Kasainbahay: ·v-:orkef and th.iii ernploye~ b.efor.e\he· commencement : , The ·ri_gh_t~and privll,eges.oh3' kasambahay. are the -of.th~ servi.ce:ln~flangua.ge·0r.dialect·u,ntle~toodby fqllowmg; (S2BC-G92-,WaLTE2~2-F13:) . · · both t~e ~omestiC?· IJ/or:ke(and ·t.he em.player (R.A. . · 1 i . §.tandard of .T~eatment..,··,The employer or any No. 10361i Sec. 1.1): · · .. , · · ·!?'ember ,.of the ·hous(;lh.old shalr.not subjed· a .,· ' .. . ,-pom':stic.~oi:~er.or k?Js.ambahayto ar:iy _kind of. Pre-Em~lqyment..Requi.rements· · . . · .. ~\:n,isenor mfhct.anyform of physical violence br . P'rior- .to the execution of .the .employ,nent contract;· · harasstn~nt .or-.ariy act .tending. to degrade the th~ ·employer may r.i:1.g1:1ire the· follo-.vjr,ig rron:i- ,he · ·· .. Qignity of a· domestic Worker (R:A. No-. ·io361 kasamb.ah~y:(MCN~) . . . . · ,· · . . Sec.-5);·. ·.. · . · · . ·. . ' · 1~ Medical certificat~ or a·heaith c~rtificate· issued · 2.· ...Ji!O?rd, Lodging, ~nd Medi<::al Atte'ridance. - The . by. a locat govecnmerit tiealth :officer;' . . . · en:iployer sha)I provide for th~ basic necessities 2:: · B~rang·a,y and· police Cleararice· · of.the·domesJic.worker to include: · : . . Bµreau ~·6f .ln.v.e~t.ig~tion · (NB1) . a:. At IEiiast. three (3) adequate rriea!s per day; ·. ~·.• . 3 .. National clearance;·and: · . · ·. b. · Humane sleeping arrangements'.thatensure· 4. · : D.lily a'uthen_tie;3ted· · ~irfr) certificate · or if not. safety; an·d · · · · availa.bJe, :any otti.er;dOCL!m.ent.shoy.riog th'e age - C. ,Appropriate : re~t ancf. a·s$istance to the. of ·. tt,e d~miesti9 :work~r such as vbter's , domestic worlsl;lr. in. of illnesses and l.. identifi~tion.'card; ~aptismal rec~rd or paisport. injuries ·sustained ·.during. service without loss 'Of benefits (R.A. No. 1031)1, S.e~. 6); .
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any unused portion "of s~id ah~u~I leave shall not be cumulative or carried . over to . the succeeding years. Unused leaves shall not be· convertible to cash (R.A. No. 10361;-Sec. 29); 10361;- Sec:Zf . . .. . . . 8. 1 J1h Month Pay. - The kasambahay who. has ·4, '. Access to'; Outside Communicaflon. ...,. · The rendered-at-least one· (1) month of service .ls . ·employer". shall g"rant the ·..domestic . worker entitled to a thirteenth-month pay which shall not · · access to outside comrnuntcatlcn <;luring. free be less than 1/1,2 of his/her total basic"-~ialary · time: ProvidfJd,· that ·-in caae of emergency,· earned in a calendar year .. access to comrnuriicatlon shall beqranteo even 9. ,§ocial a_rid.Other Benefits. - A domestic worker · ·during work· tlm~, should. the· do·m~stic·worl<er who has rendered at least one (1) · month of.. .· · .. · make.use 9f'the:_employer's·l.e_iephone'or·other service shall 'be .covered :by ·uiij·:Sss· .. the. . ." ·. comrnuhlcatlon facilities. "the · costs "shall be Phil Health, and the Home Development' Mufual '. ·:' borne. by the domestic .worker..' an less· such Fund.or, Pa~IBIG," and 'shall-be ·emtitled to. ail the ', : ·. c9c;1rges are waived ·by. .th~ employer {R.A No; beneflts in· . accordance witti_ the pertinent .· · . ·10~61. Sec. '8); . . . , . · .provlsions provided by· law; (R.A." No .. 10361; 5. Access· to Education· and Trafnirig - ·The · Sec. 30),'. .. . · · · . employer "shi311 ~f,ford the.. domestic worker the . · . . . . · .. OPJ?..9riU".iW _to "fini~h basi°? :educ~ticm and ~ID.'."1'"'==-'7:}y_""'-~ote: Premiu~ payments.or cohfributions_shall: . a_.11.?IN._- acce_~~- fq alternative_ 1~.arnlng.~ems 1\ _:be.c~tm~lqeredbythe en:i~l.oyer. Ho_wever:tf,the arid,_ as far. as· practicable, h1_glier,~~cat&..~ or \ . j}/d9f1~'stt~<worker1~ receiving a ".'V~ge_ of ~5,000. ~ec~!lical and vccational traini~gt?i.~~e¥1j}ioJJb-_....."-'7--"::1·~(ld·11'~e~r m~mth·. the domestic worker. s_hall . shall. adjust the work schedulf_1lf "tha d'o[T:festic . ""P~ 1.llie ·9i:...qp9rt1011ate ·share ·in tpe. _prerrnum . WQrke(·~o --~llow ~;"uch ·$cce,jl. fo(.:i~~-er'.""'1'r':,-...~a.Fe~S\~"l' c~ntributions, ~s _provided _by law;· "Jraining_withoul hamperi~91,tl}_~e,rv),ces ,fe~uire~~. 30)._ · ·. ·: · .: .·' by the.empk>yer (R.A. Na;Y.167!6:f:f?ec.f,9), ! ,tiJ,"11. ,!Jl0. R" h't t F·>- f · . 1 ·, t I b · · · . · · ... ; , ·.· · · .,!~.·.'if .,R' : · ,(·\, •. 19 J. o_y~~·•f'!''.torass1s·a or_o_rgarn_zat1on Not~: ,:he ~~ployer-1s -110l"";q1i1_ir~<;I- t~-,,.rov1ae4'P---<J~B~_RA. ~p;i'6?,;f.$ule IV, Sec. 1(j)), · ·. · financial assistance f.2rp:,~ifi.~. educa~on '"~~-~ ~ml· ~1~~191'.lfto be ~r~111ete~.a -9?PY of the §mpl_oymen_t ' .. trai~i~gofthe.kasa~ba~~Y.:-~ essto·~~u~f!QEY"""-;""~=:e?i-~ c~niJ.act (IRiff:->f:l~J ~036.11 Rule JV;Sec. .. t(k)); · may mclude _financial as.:r;is~Di. attth~(optioi;i,d~f:Z!12. R1g,~~k)~-\Qent1fica_te~.of e~~l?yrnent .(/RR,_ R.A.: . · ·the Elmployer (/RR ofR.-Y...--S~c.~16, ~if,-l.2r.--#)'aff.?~JRule.1~'{.,§.e;~, 1(1)), : . ·· · · ·· . . . ·: ·. . · \-U .) \ . . l~l1'"'~.J~~·~fi0o.}'.efmina¥.1·th_e employment· (/RR,._ R.A. 6. Be~t period. - ,The do~stic ,w~rker..if\)il~~~ ""ey Rt.le ./V,.s,{c: 1 (TJ1)); ·. ·. · . · · · .. · · ·entitled to ari·aggtegate dajfy r_estp~rioioJ.?~...,>.,~-~~""R1gptto/xer¢}~~,;theirown Eeli~iou_s beliefs and ; (8) hours per d_ay (R.A. No ..~0391, ·sf!!?.:· 2(>);~~C -:::-----\,~~yltU!:,<jll. pracllcf!)S (/RR, R.A. 1036.1, Ru(.e, fV,, . 3. :§.uar.ant~e of Privacy. - Respect,for the privacy of the .domestic worker shall be guaranteed" at all times ·and.. 'shall extend to all- forms ·.of communication· and per~onal·effects (R.A. No.
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'. T~e-.<Jon:,esti.cw0tker;,~aU_als~~e.~~tf~l7-a~t~--.:,;~_,,!5:""'r~fi{l(~uJc,"o/~~e - l:t1e ·minimum wa~e. of _- .. -~e~st f~_enty:-four (2_4) _consfc.~trv.~~ut.sj~ ~~t· .·,, :-.ir" ii,. ~q~ft!_es~workers sh'alJ n0t be ·less. th,an · the .. , 1n · a_. w~ek. Tb_e: emploY.eir· <;'_nd_ th_e~·i,{e_st1c · l\rtf''\_)folJ~ing·:., .. · ·· · · · .. ·. · · , : · · . · ""'.~rker'S!lall'c;1gree _iri _writing _ori ,the scheat1le,..Qf=.-c--~~ · . ·• ·• . ~- · · . · . . : the: wee.!dY.·.rest".day pf- the. ·~qm_e$tiC.worker: . · · · ·MinimumW~ge,ofPc;,mestip Workers . ·Provided;: th.af.the . empldyer shau'_ resp~ct the · · .. ,. . . . : . . ·, ,.- .. ·: · .. · . • . · . . ' ..;, . . p_refe_reQ~e ;Jfle,.: doniesti.C?.:work~r-.·as . tp" . th~ . ·weekly r.est diw.When.such·prefeterice is based 9ti t~iiglous ·grounds. N0thir1g ·in. ~his...pro:vi~i911 "NCR. (Wage-Qrder No. :P3;SQO. _st\aU :·d~prive ·-t~ ~orriestic· "i._vor~er _a!lc!. the .. . NCR-DW-o'1) . .~~~+-~~~-=-~~~~ . emp(pyer from.agreeing. to the followjng: · Chartered,.citi~s & Tifst' ~· · · ··--! ·: _..• · : . a.·.· Offsetting a day "of absence 'wflh particular . class· mtinicipalities · ·. : P2, QOO .. · . . rest day; : .: ·. · . : : · · · .. · · . .. . . ~· . . . . · ·· b. · Wai,;,)~g a_ partic~l~~ ·("~st.day in _r~tur,n.f9r.ai:i- · Otl)~r r~·{unicipaiitie~' \ .. · P1 ,500 : ·· .. · . ·. equivalent daily rate of pay; · . '. · . . . . . .. . . . ~ A<:_cun;i~iating resi days riot exce~ding five (R.~. No. fQ361, ...Sec. !4)., . ·_- .·. ··. . . . · . (5} 9ays;: or. : ··. . . . . :. ·. : .. · · · . · • · ·' d::. ·other. slm.i!ar arr~ng!3'!)~nts · . (R.A. . No. Note~ The·foll;wing rule~ ~~RjY f6~·the p~yment · ···.. . ·10361, Se.c. 21);_· · · ._ ·. :· . . of wage.s..... ·. ':_··.: . : -. .. . . . . · .. -a. Payment ),f wages shal.l be made· oi:i time · ·7_: . ~ervice- Incentive Leave.·- A qom.estic worker direptly to tl=le aomestfo w
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No· .ernployer shall pay the wages of .a 4. The domestic worker shall be entitled to at least domestic worker by means of .promissory . 2~· consecutive pours of rest in a week.(R.A. No; ·. 10361, Sec. 21)., notes, vouchers, coupons, ..tokens, tickets, .· chits, or·,,,ny object other than the cash wage · (R.A. No. 10361, Sec. 25);· · . · Not.e: The employer. and .the domestic.Worker c. ·.lt:st:iall be unlawful for an employer; directly shall agree in writing on. the schedule of ttie · ... or indirectly, -to, withhold the wages of -the . wee~ly .res.t day' of )J:ie domestic work~r. The employer. shall'· respe,ct the :prefer~nce or the domesticworker (R.A No. 10361, soc. 28); and. · .· ·dome$.tic.worker as to the .weekly.rest day when· .su.cb·pr~ference is ~a~·ed dn .religious. groun't!s . ~- It shall be. unlawful for the employer to (R.A.N
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The deduction from . the wages· of the 'kesembettey. Qoes not exceed . ·20%, his/her wages in.a month (/RR of-R.A._ No. · _ 10361, Ruley, Sec, 6j:·
2.·· l(the.ci'uration lsnot determined, the employer or kasambqhay may give 'notice to end the relationship five (5.) dayl:; before. the Intended terrnlnation of employment (R.A No: 10361, : 'Sec. 3-2). ·
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·Prohlbition on Debt Bondage It shall-be unlawful for the e'mployer or any person . acting O!) beha.Jf :of the employer'. place th~ domestic WOrkE1r under debt bondage (R.A, _ !'Jo. 10361, .Sec. f5i . · .·. '·
. Te;mination qf - Em_ployment by. the . Domestic Worker:· · · · .... · . · · . _. .. · Tfil:l · Kasarnbahay _ may terminate the employment · · relationship 13t ·any time before the explratlon of the contractfnrany ot.ttiefollowinq causes: (VIC~VAO) Note·: Debt · Bondaqe refers 'to. the' rendering ·· a. · ~erbal or emotional .abuse of the .. domestic · · of servlce' by the -, domestic: worker as security or · . worker by the employer or any member of payment. for of . th.. e· house · hoId ;·. · . .. .: . . · . .. a. debt. where .the . ·lengtl)_ and nature . · serv!ce i_s ~ot clearly d~finE:d 9r_wh~n the val\;l_e 0_f_the . . · · -b, · [nhuman treatment including physical abuse service rs·n_?t reasonably appl.1~d in the paym.e_ntof : · ·. of the-domestic worker by the employer or · the debt (R.A, Ne?;_ 1036_1, Sea.. 4(a)J.. . _ _ .·· . anymember c;,f thehouseholo.. · Rights and Prlvileqes of Employer; '(r;:>ERT) . r • . • . _c.. ~ommi~sio~·,of 'acnme or offense agaiil~t... , 1. To require submission by the ~asamb'fJha~of:=~~"""-- .the domestic worker·b}'.·th~ e.mpl.oyeror any ·· pre-employment Qocuments; .: -~ , 1f £'~m.elT)~er of the household: · · · . .: 2 .. recover deployment gxP.er:ise.~,?. · ~. . \(_ ..• d:f ¥~0J~t1on~Y t~e -~mployet of the terms and . 3. .To demand,,Beplacement; and,,f.': ,.~,-~ ·.....~,?"·i;..~......_~.9p991l~-.Rs of the er:r]ployment-'.(?o~tract.and 4. To Terri')inate employment ,.§fBR· of~ .~"':" No. _..: .. · -~~otne;.-ft~~:~c1r.ds ~.et_f~rth under this law, ·. 10361, Rule v, sec: n. ff·,~ ,;_,,,,,,.~ .. '.'"~•.,,..e-:,.;)~t~J\~!&_ec\S~ preJudrcial_to t~e health of th~ t::J.-...., ;. ·. {/. · ID) . JF "'W" . \do.me_s\iQ VKOtker. ·. -~he erf.lployer, . or frivlleg~d. Information ·;/ ·o/ l ir -~~': A:· U"em'·~.hls tbe he>usehol~; ?Ind_ . - · .- : . All commu.nioation and ln_for~l~~-.qertainfj)Jlto the f. ~ther ;~~~e.,&'\rnalogousto tne foregoing employer or membets of. t,liie.Jlous_~.hold~shall_ b~ '.:".,.. f'J~· Soc. 33). . . ·_ . treated· as t>~vi.leged·and ·c9,h'ffa-ei:1tfa1;·and if~aif~ , 1 ,~,?' · · · : . i \ . : } . ·• - · ·: · · · be publicly ·disclosed.by ttfegd3>~:~sti9w~~r;i:11J"ril'\g:~itmat':-~te;, f=: ,!!!!! W,'fh~V~~1s_t!fi~d- ._Any_.ur:ip~r<-! sal;:1ry_· · and af~er·emµloyrnt;int. SUC'J? T1tivll~9M Y.Jt~\JJ.atifill·":;...-.C: due. not·?~~tdi~rr!he~e.~uryalentof -1~·days,~hall·be shall be inadmissible in ·eviq;e;Fl~~cep'.'~~b~t ij\'e~· j ~rfei~j .... me Jempl0~er my rec9ver · from . the s~it involve~ th~ -~~ployer .i\..~ny·tt1em~~~tti,~~)9!!;9 y_.t~~ ...d~pl~ me~t ~xp~nses, lf any, if the .. house.ho!~ a.}:l'!me p~a,n~,! -p.ers'h~~; ~~); :. ..:; ] ,;P,,Z·{~t~as~termrnat,~- w1th_m~1x (6) rnonths from_. persoa_al ~iberty ~nd ·sE:c;:un~ •. and ~hasll\¥·fR' _.. ~~"'e fm~')}~R.A 1036.1;s_ec: 32). · _ .. _ : 10361, Sec. 10), , · '\.. · .,, · . 1:-,- /_ : /._,~ · . . .. . •• •• • .• ·-. cs;:,~ . · J' (!.i~ati\rJ...!,.~ate'i:tby·the Employer · · ·. _ .:_. . 1 Renewal_of CQntra~~ . · . ~~..(...;,,Q.t.,~-~=-""'!-~~:{~!n.e.\9~.P. may· te~lriate ·the. _e~ployment · Th~ parties ~ha!I· ex~~J.!.te a ne.w corltr~ct~~[b.e:.1'.~. ,fl', ~l~t~~~~at.apy, tin:re .before the .~xpiratron·of the - reg1st~r.ed with. th~ cqncem.ed baraoga~'l~!l;l_ey l V jJc~u~cf·for-.any:.of the foll9win~. cause.s~ .(MGFC~ ·. mutually agree to . _cohtinue their emj)loymen1=~'\7,AO). · ·: . ., .. · . ..relatiqnsh_ip(JARofR.A No. 10,Jf;J, Rule.11;.'Sec. 8)'.· :. · · .. a.. Misc_:_6riduct.::6r ·willful diso.bedience ·. .by -the .. · · · · -· · ·dorrie.sti~, wor!<er of th.e lawful . ord¢r ·of .. -th~ . I( the p·artie.i;;fail. to .exec;:ulea new contract, .the ter~s empl9yer in connection.with tl)e ·for{Fler:'swork; . and_ eondifions of .the 'orig1nal ... c9nfract :arid, ·other b.· .. ·Gross·'.or habitual ·n·egl,f?Ct·,Orinefficier.icy by the·. improvements granted during. th'e. effectivity of safd . :domestic.worker-in the performance·of duties-;· ·contract are.deemed-renewed (IRR.ot'R.A .No. c. fratld oi-'willful breach of-thefrust reposed.by 1.0361,· ~q.19. ll ... Se"b. _B)~. · -. .4' •. . ·J· .t~e _emplOyer-011 th;e .donie.s.tlc WOrker.~ -_.; .. ·
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. Note: Domestic ,work~rs cannot acquil"e r~g~larity of . 'employment. All the '';ndi'cia .of regularity.·remain abs.entJn· :.t~e E;mpl_oyment pf -don:iestic ·helpe'ts (CH.Al:', f?ev,e.weron tabor Law). · . . . · _ Pre•T~rmin~tio.:, ·o'i Empi°oy,n~nt: . . . 1, If thEf p~fiOd· of .
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. d. . ',&cim.missjon of . ~ .. crime ..or. offens~ l:?Y. the.·. dOTl")eslic,.worker' agajnst ,the perSOl'.f·.Of ttie> employer. or ·any 'immediate_ m·ember Of' the. . emp[oyer's"f~mily; .... ·· _ .. · . ,.. · , . _ e. ~iolatioR _by_ the dom,estic worker of the ·terms _. .and-·conc;litioris of the. etnploYJllent confr.apt and- :. ·other standards set forth .u·nder'thi°$.law; · _· · · t: - &ii ·disease ·prejudicial tc;, · ttie ·health of .ttw domestic 'worker. the 'emplo.yer: or'n,ember/~ of the househoid; and ·. · ·... . · g .. Qther ·causes ·analog'~us ·to ·the foregoing. (R:'A. · .· No. 10361, Sec. 34). . ·: . . • . · ........
328 I 2019 SAN'BsDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS
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SPECIAL GRo.u~is SAN Bt~A-LAWCEN_TIW.IZEDBAfJ OPERATtq,N,s- MEMORY.AID2019
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Note: Effect When Unjustifit:d.:... Employer shall pay. the kasambahay the earned compensation plus indemnity.iri .. the amount equivalent to.15.days work
(R.A. No. 10361,_-Sec. 34}..
.. Motion Rec~riside~~tion . . Ariy aggrieved party may. file to the Reg_ie>~al Director. .. a. MR from the compliance order ow1fh1h ten (.10) daysfrom receipt thereof (/RR of ~.A. No_. 10361,
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RuJe·x1, $ec. 3). · ~mploy~r's Unlawful Acts: (C2D3W) ~· · TJ:l~ following ..a~t~ are dee.lared ~nlawf~I: ". ·. · · 1. Employment ·of ~hi.ldren below 15 years of ·age;k 2.- ~harging. 'aoother houifohold for temporarily
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Issues unresolved· through .. settlement shall be .. referred to ·the proper D.OLE. Regional Office for· decisions. Th~ resolution ·of ·t1\e. MR 'may . be appealed to the Secr.etary of DOLE Within 1.0 'days from receipt thereof .. The .decision of the Secretary .. of OOLE shall be final andexecutory (/RR oi
perfO!lfl~d task~ . . 3. · lnterference-lnJhe Qlspos.al of ttie wages of the . .. ~asambahay; ·: . . · ., . A. 'Requiring Qeposits fot leis~ damage; · . · : s·. Placing the Kasarnbahay.llnoer:Debt tfondage; '6. ·· Withhol~ing of Wages.a~ the 'KasambatJaY:(IRR
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party underfhe RPC and other -speciat :penal- laws .. shall be filed with tne:a.ppropriate courts .-(/RR.et R.11.. ·
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Any abusedor exptojted domestic. worker ,shall be· /~ . No. 1.0361,' R4/e XI, Sec. 3). · immediately rescued. by a municipal ~r city socj;:i(';;:J ·. ·· . · · .welfare. o!(icer so_c(a1. we!f~re offic_edr.omf . D$yYD m 'coordination _with the· c_oncern.ed_bara~Q~t~·tJ'(\ . . · ·. · .. · · · : . officials_. The.. DSWD .and the DIL~ shall·dev.el~p standard operating. procedure for the. resc1:,~,ar{9p'fl";,-11; · rehabilitation of .abused .domestic work~_r-s'_,(.1and· in:;,' f'il. · · . · . coordination with the DOLE. for possit,il{(c;ubsequerµ_kD ,f ., y,, · . .
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. A11· 1a.1?o.r-r~lated_ d1:>p,~tes. _Shf!1~E!e·.me-:cJ::,p.etore tt}y.~.· ·ART;~~~ ~~1JLATlbN ·OF .INDSUTRiAL D~LE F.1eld/Provmc1~1/R~g1011a( ·=Offl~e~.-h~!!),9. · -··HOMBWO.RW:,EiR~"~~r ·· , . .. jurisdictiqn ove.r ttie workplace"/Sych~i$p~1es.sf.i~lt; t;i. · · · :-,..,·. ,,~,,· •:..f;: . · · . . go through . J.tie -~0-day. mandtton,;::69tj'.~ilialiool :( 'I. rnd_us.tria~ ffomework IS a. ,sy~tem of. product1~n . 111ediati.ori·Jo exhaust all .efforts·toP--se~~m~t (!RR ~: ~f-un~_~r .which_- work. for a.n empl_oyer or_ co~tract_cJr_1s_ ... · ofR A ·No 10361. Rufe xr:·sec 1) , .,~"~.l~S:t out-by a . .hor.newo.fker _at h1s/~er. hpn:ie. • • .' • : > •• : • . • • ' • :· •• _.'· ~ :.·. _ .... '.61;~.1tt'.·g~t.~ri31~:t·!J1.~~- or 'may .. npt __ be ·.fumishect .by the : Note, Th.e Regional birector has Jurll!ictioi\i'Q"ver : ·: ·. employ~r or c~mt_ractor~. lt,d1ffer~ n:or;.n reg~lar tae:tory . simple: money . claims· ·a .·J
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.~ompliance ..Qrder ·.. : . . · In' ca·sa·. the·· parties .. fa1I to :reaGh,-a seWemenva · . mandatory:coriferer,ce .not :exceeding 30 da.ys' shall· b.e,.. · :_.' 6on_c;t4cte~ .... · ·;. ·by_. ·. . . the.. ·.. bbl~ Field/Provinci~I/Regional Office "fro'ni the ·referral .of · · t~e. u_ns~ttl~d· di~p.!,,jfe (iRR ~-A, No. 10361, Rule .
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The " DO~E.-Re'gional Director ·shall. · issue a . C6mp.liance Order within 1.0 days suai:nission Of the case for resol!,Jtion (/RR, R.A. No. 10361, Rule·
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Or .othe~_·. ·premises. u~ed rt;!gularly. iri whole ·or· \n .part,· as . dwelling. place·, . e rel="nofollow">
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N~te: T~i3_-30~d.ay.perj;d.n~fer$ ·toJhe time'Within which the mai"ida_to·ry confei:~nce shall.b~. _c9.nd1,1ct1;1d from referral;· af)d· not the· length/duri:ttioli of. the . . cori{erencEritself.{L.k No.· 17-'18, 'item VJ). ·: .. .
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N,ote: .. Ruie stiali appiy to E!ny. homeworker ....,ho . '. ~r(orms, in. or. about tiis home, ·any P.rocessiri_g· of\ ·goods··or rtlateri~ls, in whole or !n part, whlch'.have bee·n fumished,"directJ.yor indire<;tly, by an employer anc;I ttiere~fte·r to .be returned: to the· latte·r .'(tRR of
LABOR- CODE_, BO_OK°III,Rule Xiii; Sec. 1),
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'::"·> .. 2019 SAN _SEDA LAW CEN_TRALIZED_S-AROPE~TIONS 1--32~
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A ~hous·~-lielper. mirJ.iSters to the personal. needs and c;b,mfort of his employer in,. the fatter'~ hOme (/RR .of.the Labor <;ode,.'Book Ill; Rule XIV,
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A 'homewoiker perform~ ·rn or aboufhis-home any processing.or f.abricatipn of _good_s 9r rnaterial_s, !_n whole· .or. io pa,t, · ':"'hich hayEi . oeeri .fu.rnis'hecl:' . directly· or .indirectly by . . . . an · .. emplpy.~r .. ' and ·thereafter · sold or returned ... {o . the latter (iRR dfthe Labor Cod.e; E'oqk OJ; Rule XIV, Sec.
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Note:· Homeworkers shall· recei\ie not less than ·ther prescribed' rnlnlmurn. wage rates ·U~d~r 'the Regional Wage Orders for normal wor:king hours which shall not exceed eiglit.(8).tiours a day or . ? · proportlon : thereof ,'(201.9: Handbook . on
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~Where· Co~pl_~ints sh_ould be .filed : .... 1.
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- grant~d .by_law to legitimate lal;>or 9rganizations · upon issua11ce of the certificate of. ·regi~tration (P.O. No. 05-92, Sec. '4); and. · ·
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: Money cl~1ms:·.bf homeworke~ ·. · . . , . · . . pq,000 per homewor~er 7 .Reg1.~fQ-~~ftt.or.,:.="';'~£ fi!TIPJO~r~~f?.ontrador, or ~ubcOntractor ·shall . · 2. · Beyorid_P5,000 7 t-:JL.:RC: (D.9r;ff· Q~2rSec.· . ·.. dedtl~_fr(e"!TI t-.ip.~'.e.wo~er!searnings for the v~lue o_f .. 10). . · . · . . ·fr_¥')/~~. .~--: -mate~r..!?IS\._~1-lh~~-bee_rrlost; d~str~yed. sorl_e_d or ·t·. · J'oJ ·. i .. -~Jberw1'~<3'~~~~. · nless _the .follo\\fmg conditions
.-Prohibited . , - .·Homework · .: ·
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).. The ~ome"¥-Qfk,~cRncern~d'Is clearlyshown to 6e~spons1bl(~~!'e loss·or:damage; 1 .. Qrugs ~nd p~isons;. · /f"r4:;·U: .· .. · "\~"'.,_r. . 2~~1hif8 h~"!li~ork,ri is ·g1ve_n. ·. reason~ble:_ 2. _sXplOSJVeS, fireworks a1:d,S_!,I.Ujlff art1clef; ar:if{. . - _ opp9~rnty .!]0'~St-j8W cause- WJly _dedUCbO!']S 3. Q'ther.ar:ticles, t~e i:iroc~ssi~~-f w~iclJl:requ,_r,~~5~,; .. ~h9-W.9J>tb~·r:r)a_d,·e :'__ . .' . ·. . . e.xposur; tq tox,c subst~qef( _R ':J.ifi/r.t:E;,'f',ij· ;'!r'11ie~ou,t~~,:;sc,;h deducbo~. 1s fair and ,
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AR"f-lCJ;E 152: ~EGULATIO~._OF'.'~~R decrtfction_: { made·-}lt·s~cti rate 1bat th~ . OF .LABOR _· . . .. . .. ''.\, . . ~- · ,<."'r:~E·;~ ~t\ ~§hi·o~f dedµcti!d ~~~s._not:e?(o~ed-2.0% of the T~e ·rilles ancj_rngylatlons to .b.e~1ssue.'d,;$b,~!l~~Rji>fl)e~,Jket~eamrngs rn a.week (D.O,·No. 05-:. dE:s!g.n~d to ~ssure _the· m11:1mtl~: ,.t6~~!~~.io:-~i:J;:2{~e ,..,- Blf'. .. . . ·. .· . ·.-~. · · .. · · .. · tc;mditions qf employment apphyable~t.Q,-:ifl'~sp:1al.. 1,, 1,f ,\. \~_\.~ ;:/~ . . .. . · · . , . , . .. . . ·.. ·homeworkers -1or field. persori_nel ihv.olveq':'(-~.~.QR.. J:v ~jJ,£-~ 53:'QISTRIBUTIOl>I -QF. HpM_l;WORK · f9DE, Art .. 152) .. : ,·. :. ::· ·. . ·.. · ';. :'.~"°"""~~ployer,. ~f:'·Hom_eW~rkE:r$-· 1s, any- n'.'1tu_ra! :?r . . :··. _. · . · . · : .. : · .. · . ·.. artifjgii:ll pers·an_whQ, for·tils'.oyvn·account.or bene.f1t,_·;· ·Rights and .Benafit_s· of.Homewor'!<ers ... · · ; · ·. · or _on behalf _pf_ any ·person ·r~sidfn·g ou~side-Jhe V :Right ,tpin~s.- qirecuy.: or• indir~ctly,_ pr· through any . . . . shall :·have· the ·rigrt ·,~() form, ,join .. o~:· ~ss~~t,.. . employee.~agent, CO!""!th;ic.tor, .sUjHOfl.tr.actor; or ~ny. · ·organizations.~ oJ th~ir. ··Own-. choq$mg, ·,~ .. other petsor,: . · . .. . · . · ac.cordance,With!aw;. : · . · .. . . :1-,. Delivers. -or caus~S·· -to· be deliv.ered any ,goods, •; ••• • • • • • : '· • •• • • • : '· •• ' • • < articles or· maferials:to ~e prci.cesse<J;)n or about . · . ·:: Note: D.O. No.-05-92,.repfacil)g Ri.!le XIV-pf.the a, home,",and thereaflE1J-to "!;,e. returned or to be .. ~tiles lrnplemer:itlng· Boo_k.IJ l"cif'the labor' Cod_e. : . . . . 'disposed,of:or .disWb.U!~d in accordance with his .. · ·. · . · -. _authQri:i"es the.formatio.n_an·d registr~tion qt labor , .dii:ecW:m";_ or·. .. · • • • organization ·,o_findlistrial, hom•eworkers.Jf als9 • · . ·. :. · .· make's·explicit-' the ··etnpl,oyer's duty ..~Q _pay~an.d·... ···2. , Sells, any _goods. arti9le.s "or ·~a~e'riaJ~ ·fo_r ,ttie_ ... .r.eh1itSSS,.PhilHealth and.EC.C pr~rt11u_ms 1D:Q. . · • :· pUfP95'3 of· having. ~l!9h.· goodi, · or .articles. · ..No .. '.05°9.21 Sec. 3). ··. ·.. · · · processed,.·in · pr abo~t: ~. home, and then. ~. · repurchases them ·.himself or .. through another · . ·Registr.ati~n of -Hon:ie""".orkers' Organizatia!"'· after ·such· prc:icessihg ·(O.O. No. 05-92,. Sec, .. ~ 'Any ·applicant home.worker orgar:iiiatio~· or·. · ·2(d)). ·· . ·· · · · · · .association ~hall acquire legal personality,, .. and · · .shali be entitle·d.- tcHhe ·.rlgnts · arip .Pr1vifeges I
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' 330 I 2019 SAN.SEDA LAW CENTRAUZED.,SAR OPERATIONS .. . . .. . .
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SPEC·1A·l GROUPS_·. $AN B~DA LAW
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C~NTRALl~ED BAR OPf.R~ TIONS - MEMOR'r' AID :1019.
OF NIGHT
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Facility for ~ating with potable d~ntsing water; Lactation station in required companies; . . Separate Toilet fayilitles·for men arid women; .§Je·eping 6i- resting quarters in the ·establis_hment (R.A. No. 101·51, Sec. 4); and . · · ··6. · Transportation from the work premises .to the .nearest .point of their residence (D.0: No. 119-· · 12, $ec. 4). . · ·
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CHA.PT~R V: EMPL"l'QMEN:r. OF 'NIGHT ~}: · WORKERS . · . · · . 'Sec. 4 0/ R.A_' 10,1{51,. entitled #An Acf/~/lowing the {. · Employment of Nig,ht .wort<ers, Thereby Rep.ea/ing }t '. Articles· 1"30 and t 31· ot tire Labor· Code,· provides that new chapter is hereby insei-ted .att~r Book ";!( . Three, _Title llt.. · 'I,,
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· Right~ of Night'·W~rkers: (HTC-~2AD) 1.. ~ight .to free .!:!E;?alth,.~sse.ssment:.. a: . Before· ·taking up assiqnment as · night worker.: · ' b. At regu'lar'intervals.during such asstcnment; .AAT.ICLE.·1·54·:: coVERAG_E· . · arid · · · , ;A.ll;j:iersons. iivho shall 'be employed or P,!'lrmitte.dor · c. · If they experience health: problems during '.t: ' 'suffered to work at night during_ a period of not less ·. such an asaiqnment wh'icti are not caused: · tha~ sev"en (7) · consecutive hoLJrs •. .including the .. ' . . by 'factors ·other than· the, performance ,of ·interval. from midnight 'to five (5) o'clock i.~ the . ·right work (LABqR.COpE, A.rt~·155). · morning. Excepttho.seemployedIn: (FAMS).. . ,.._... · . · · · ... · . ·· . 1. fishing; . .. . -. 1'i. . · Nbte: With ~he exceptio~· of ·t~e fi.~dit:)g of 2, · ~gric.ulture;· · . ·. ... · unfltness for night work, .the fo:Jding of such 3. ·Maritime transport and inland navigation; ar,td··t;,' ~. ,,. \ · assessments shall be confidential and shall no; 4. §tock raising·{LABO/'.? CODE., Ait. 154). be USE!.~0 their detnment, subjett_ to_ applicable · · -: , · · · . · · . . .f., ,../ '•·•n,·r-...,:~ompa.ny.,p61i¢ies.· (D.o:·No. -119-12, Sec. 3) · . . t ,.,../ 7,,,1~7', "r·~ . .- _·:f~"t'J,:-:-,-...~··,,; • . . . . N1ghtWorke_r re ers to: . . · · . _,.,,,.._.., . '\j 1.-1 · ·~~· . .p,.-j· . . . , . ·. · ... · . 1. J;.ny' employ~d' person whos.e ~o~;,·(eqt,iire~t--J . . 2. Right 10..;:t-t_~e·Iransferred. to a s1m_1lar. !?b wh1_c~ · · _per:torman~e o(_ a substantial nurrl9efrof hoors q~,;.:'-i they_ aJr Uf\ t~ _.work, wt)enever praGt1c~t;>le,. 1f night wor.k .-.ytiii:h · excee'ds· a sp.e9tlj~ilin,~T,Ms 1,:) found liu?fit\',for w9rk du_e-. to health /ea~on~ . . : iimitsh~II befix.ed by the :3e~1~efr-yof.J,:ji~,,after_ ·(LA.8JR Ar(. t57), . . .. ~ ' . '·:.' consulting the workers ..r.epresentallves/lapo'i'~ , .. ·\ N 't" If j'· hh'tt f t · -1 · b , t· · · .. · ·. :· • · 1 /.,(s, ..- i, ,4.tJ'oR·cGDE= •1 o e: sue. , rans er. o a s1m1 a( JO . ,s no . .orga~1za!1011~ .and .em8 ?{Ers·:ib:~-}. -:.~~·: pi:"~(c'@tl}tq~~\,vorke_rs shall be. granted the 5~)-1 r· AA.rt, • d · :·. · ·h·;,.. .;'=r
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Right. to ·§:ocial Se.curity ·Benefits such as paid maternity leave· in accordance with R.A. No. 8282 anc;I .other existing company· policy or collective bargain[ng agreement· (D. 0. No: 11912, ·.sec. 6); and,- · . Right of Regular Workers to· be ~onsulted before introduction of : Night · Work (LABOR (;Q[.JE, ~r(161),.
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. AR"flCLE.157: 'rRANSFER .. ; Night· workers who _are ceitifie<;I as unfit for night wo_r.k, due ~o health "reason;:;, shall· b§l tr.ar.isferred, Vl(nen~ver ptacti<::able,- to-'a $iil:iilar }ob for"'which they are fit to work. .
Non-Diminution of M.~ternity LeaveBenefits. Nothing in this· Rule shall be construed to authorlze diminution or reduction of .the protection and benefits connected. with- maternity leave under existing law · (D. O. No. 119-12, sec: 7).· · .Protectlon Against Dlsjnls sal a·nd Loss· of ... Benefits . . . . .. · . Where no alternanve work is· available to woman employee Who is. not i~ 'a positlon · "render hight . work, she shall bealtowed tc:i go leave or extend maternltyleave, using her earned-leave credits, · ·
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A worriarr employee shall .not be dismissed·
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reasons .of pregnancy; :· childbirth and childcare • . lf·suc:"fi transf~r-to: a 'sfmilar job is _not practicable or · tespo~sibilltie.s: She shall. hot l0s~ th~ . ~en.e}its.· ttie wo"i"k.ers. are: unable to; render·.' night work . .for 'a regard~ng her e~pJoy'!lent statas, sery1onty• 'and . coonnuoue 'period ·of not l_es"i. than 6 . months upon a~cess to pro~~t1on·wh1chmay attach.to her.regular · certification of a competent public health authO"rit~==~~~t_wo!kpos,tion_(.q.o. N~: 11~-12, Sec. BJ_. ·. t~e wor-ke_rs shall be(gr~l)te~ the same·~~fi~s u! ~7~~59:.COMPENSATION. . .·. . ,?th~r workers who ~na_t?le to wo~ J~ 1~-~ss. "'-~ -;!Tl)! ~ompensation for night workers: in the form of A night worker certified _as__tempora~l~ u~f1t ~o,;.n~J;l!~--~a~ng tirJle';.-~ar. orsirnllar benefits shall recognize .. w_ork for a penod of less _than 6 m_opt6"ssha,!!,~!1),~fven the e~~Qtion
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security ben~fits,- .s~ci,:"as pa_id._rn'i::1ternity 'leave · . shall ··be provided ...to··: women . Workers ·. in · accord_ance with R.A. No. ·{3282 (Social Security. Act qf 1997) and· other .~xi~tii,g coi.npany' polfoy .. orCBA; .. · .. . . . . .. ' .. 3:. E~ten.si_on·of m~te-rnitY,_ leave ....:: where transfer... to work is impossible, a·\voman elJ'lployee_ rnay . l?e a.llowed to ext~nd her maternity-leave witho~t pay·or using earned ·,eave credits .of the" worker,. if any (D . .Ci: No. 119"-·1-2; 6) .. ·
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.-Senior.Citizen or Elderiy . . . . .. . .· Any · re~iderit. citizen of the Philippines at ·Jeast · 60 . y~ars· old {R.A. No. 999__4;. ~~c. 2(~))...... and VAT Exemption· . Senior -~itize~s a.re. entitled to, _the .grant 9f ·20%: discount and ·eJ5empti.on·from VAT; if applicable, on . the follqwing: · ., ·. · · · 1: .,Sale of go.ads and services:· , a'. . Medi.cine and dru'g purchases - generic or branded drugs,: inclµding influenza. ~nd · Discount
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pneurnococcal vaccines, and vitamins and sirilila~ places bf cu.lture/leisur.e7amusemeot mineral supplements medically prescribed. such ..as museums/parks (IRR· of R.A. No. by physician; · f}9'94, Rule JV, Art. 7,:-Sec. 4-~J. . _ b. Essential medical supplies, accessories and . . equipment .; include eyeglasses, he.aring 4. Funeral and Burial Services: . alds, dentures, .prosthetics, 'artiftcial bone · Such· services include p:urchas·e of caskeVurn. - replacements . e.g. . crutches, . walkers,' embalming;hospital morgue, transport of body · wheelchairs;' canes etc., __ geriatric-. diapers to burial site. . . . and other. essential medical supplies"/ accessories/ equipment; · ··· . · . · · Note: · The beneficiary or'· p~rsoo who -will shoulder the expenses shal~ claim the discount 'c, Me.~ical · and dental services in private . upon presentation of death---certificate . (IRR of .f.~cilities - includlnq.diaqnostlo and lab tests :R.A: No. 9~{)_4, Rule IV, Ar( 7, Sep. _6j. . · , · ,, e'_.g._x-rays, blood.tests thatarerequested by ·.- physicians' · · as · needed · · . for diq.gnosis/treatrnent; · · · ·No· Double Diacounts . .z, d. Professional fees' of attending physiciaris iri · _the . purchase of . goods and services on. private · hospltals; medical facllitles, promotional discount, the senior citizen can avail pf outpatient:' clinics and home heaith care the .establlshrnent's offered discount or "the· 20%. facilities; . .. .. . discount provided by ·law,. whichever is higher aod e. Protesslcnatfees of licensed health workers . /~ · · more favorable·(/RR of R.A: NQ. 9994, Rule IV, Art... · · ·providing home health care services (IRFJ-pt;i-;l/; 9). . R.A. No. 9994, Rule/\(, Art. 7, Sec -. 1). f' ,!r;:,· f ~). . · :.. . _ • . · • ·. . r ,-'>; f Other Pr1V1leg~s : . · . .· . ~ot_e: ·. If the medical or. -~~ntal s.eryices "f.~Ji,~ r- 1; J,.-.~;c-~~-lawal~o_,~rovi_desfor the follo~ing_·privileges: .. .availed, In gov~rnment facllities.. the 'law.,,.sJat~}{i_(j ..:,!;.,..~l~!.{]Jf~~a/:}/f}.tjtrninlmurn _y,,ag~. earner, the seruor that such services shall be free of cJ;ia(~e. The";, ,.f . c1tizel'l""'i$\ .entitled to individual income .tax : . professional fees shall likewise qe(tr'Eie'·(/RR ex~mptjpi·f/',(IRR ·ofR.A. {>Jo: 9994; Rule IV, Art. . . R.A- (Vo. 9994, Rule Art. 11, S~{::,.,.~1: ·11, )~'i. . . . , . . .. . . . .. · ._. · · _ . · . · . ,lf,.;. ::,.:~.;::,-:- .. 2, T_he s,~nr ·r c1~1zen ,s also exempt~d from trammg._ .· 2".. -Dom~stic transpo_rtation: · >;,'? \J~ it-- f;},·. ~e~_s;fo.r s· cioi~.rt. 20, Sec. 2).: ·. . · ·, · .. :. ii. Must be personally availed; no'proxy or .. . . ·.representative . .:.. .:.-· · ' - · . Note:"R .. A.."No.. 10645f~rtheramende"cl,.R,A: lil. Process· separately as: independent' · , · · No. 9994, providing· for. the·: mand_atory . . . transa.ctloi:,.frdrn·F1on.:S1igible cciris.um·ers . · Phil~_eal~h ·coyer~ge·for all. seniO~ citizens.. _ iy ... Apply, Most ·E~pensive · Meal""! · ·. d.· · Death benefit as~istahce· ~f ~ minimum of .Combi.natiorl · . (MEMC) · ~mount PhP2,000 shall be given to riearest"surviving corresponding to ..the··cornbination of the ·. · . . mCist expem;ive, anti . biggest single- .. relative ·-who took c'are af"senior" citizen. •·;, Althoug~ .the rules say that th.e ~enefit shall . . serving meal with bever.a"ge served in a apply to i~dlgent .senior citizens only, ·such_ · · . ·. · · ·quick servi"~e · restaurant (iRR of R.A.. · limitation does not· preclO,de tt.,e LG~s. from . No. 9~9{ _Ru_ie JV, Art.. 7, Sec." 3); giving th·e s-ame ~6 non-indigents (IRR of c. . Recreation Centers -~ fees(charge_s/rental. · R:A. No. !)994, Rule V, Art. 20,: Sec:4). _ · ·fqr sport.s.·facilities1equjpm,ent or venues; · · admissidn fees for theaters, cinemas_,. . ·concert halls, -Circuses, carnivals and ·othe~
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BAR.OPERATIONS - MEMORY A'ID 2.019
4. Qualified . senior. citizens shall · be -, granted
· determined . by · the National Statisti~I educational assistance · to pursue · post· .Coordination Board (NSCB) · of the National secondary/tertiary as .. well as Economic and Development Aµthority (NEDA) .vocational/techriical education in both private. for that year (/RR of.R.A. No. 9994, Rule -V, Art. and. public schools thru scholarships,. grants, 13, Sec. 2"). · · · financial aid; subsidies etc.. (/RR of. R.A No. · 9994,Rule JV, Art: 11, Sec'. ·s). · . ··· · .·· · · The Depa;tment of Labor a nd.Employment (DOLE), . 5. As far as practicable. and. fE)asibla; the .senior in ·_coordination with other qovernrnent agencies citizen' shall be grante<:1 continuance .of same 'such· as, but not limited to, the T~chnol~gy and .: ·behe'fits;and privileges· by GSIS; SSS and. PAG· _Liv.elihood Resource . Center (TLRC). and the . IBIG asthose in .actµal service (/RR ot R.A.:No, Oepa~ment of Trade and, Industry (DTI),· shall 9994, Rule !V, Art._ 11, Sec. "6), · · . . · · assess, desiqn and. implement traininq programs .: 6: ,·As· far as possible; -the govemrrienf'may·grant : that will provtde skills· -and· welfare or. livelihood special discounts on- sp~ial. · programs on :. · support "for: senlor' citize,:is (/RR R:A. · No. 9994, . · purchase ' of . basic necessities- ·_arid pr_inie·. Rule V~ Sec: 3), 'commodlties (/RR ofR.A. No,..!J9f!4; Rufe IV, Art. . . ·· · . .: · . '·. •· . . .· · · -11; Sec. 7).· . · . · ·· · .... Office.for Sen1,or_C_i:tlz~ns ~ffa1rs (OSCA) . . 7. Accessfble express lanes, or: priority lanes, in all~ The~e. :S~~II. · be t;!Stal::!l_ished in all. ~itiE:S ·-a~_d . · establishments (/RR of R.A. No: 9994; Rule 1.v._;_>=c-.:::-~1:m•cip_alttiesan OSCA t~ .be headed ~Y ~· seruor. ·A11.·11, Sep.Ji). · . .... . . · ·-:~ 1T -, ~•\L:~.Q.,~ho·.st,all-~e appolnted _?Y th_e mayor_tor a 8. Grant of a minimum 'of 5% di~t;oui;it1_"re1atite;to. \ ) }~.f:l1 ~f:~~~arsw.1.tho_utr~ap~o1nti:n~nt but ~1thout the· monthly 'utiltzation 'of water.c.3Rf('e1e!trleI_ty._;;~~~1·c~jtop~xt~ns,on 1f exigency so_ requires. supplied by the public utilities~ovidedt ~ . . f!. The individual meter ts _r.e'gis'tt.si!'.'"~r--tf.le~I~.:~p~~.,~~ll be chosen from a ltst of t~r~e (;3) . ·t·"1 .. ·.a.Y.-';i!"_,tf"· . • ">l>,, nominees ~s.,ec9n'h-nen'1ed by. a general assembly name .o f th e senior ct '6e,.q]e~19.1ng q1ere1n_1w h "of· ., --\~T -~ J'j,,' ·· · · · · · · · b. · Moh.~hlyconsuinptio~oes:~91-e~cfeeg 1'uh g~\ . .ffib ~~!'l'i~ l_.lZ;ll- o~an_,zah~ns. in th~ · city ,or k.V':'h of-elect(icity an<9~ of~pter (IR.R..:....'ri.~7>,• . · ofR.A. No. ·9994,:RU1' !1MJi'< 1_2, '!!!!'" Tho . O~C.e J>t.\the .M•yor shall exe,dse "<:;;~~-.· ~~i>E!rvi:;,ibn·ove~:ffi'°e -~9CA. relative to the.ir plans, . · Ava1lment ~f Benefits -~n~~~'iJt~g~.s : · . - i:;_., ~l]J);gtf~\ivitie:f·~nd pr~~i'.IDf;!~"tifr·.senior. citj:zeris· (/RR of For t~e ava,lm_ent of _ben~~·u~ ~!l-Qlpnv~~~~ndens::::c:::-R;ANJ. ~ 4, Fiule \i'l,QArt. 21. Sec. 6). ·· . · ·· the Act l:lnd Rules, .the sern
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SAN BEDi, LAWCE!"TRALIZEDBAR OPERATiQNS.:;:.MEM.ORY7110:;o,9-
. Full·Cycle Em.ployment Facilitation Se.ivices .. The JobStart Philippines shall incl.ude )(ull cycle employmerit facili~ation .· services·· such . , as registration; client assessment, "life skills training with qne-on~~>ne ca"reer coaching; technic.al. training, . internship, orfor employment (D.O. No.. _179, Rule 3, Sei;: 1). . . :
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work shall b\? .ouly credited· to. the _trainee's number of training hours (0.0. No. 179, Rule 3, Sec. 6(a)). · ' · QUALIFICATIONS : . . . . To.qualify as a JobSt;;irt trainee, a person shall: (Fil·
. ·;-h·e Full · Cycle E~ployroent . Facilitation Services Include: (R.eLl-:Job~te.cijl_n) .·· ·. · · . 1, Registration and client assessment · · . . · : Tlie DOLE and.PESOshall advertise the.:date cif . t · reg.istration,. venue; .and ihdi.catil(e· schedute of • · • program activlties. Tl'i.e·registration pr0cess shau . . 'tie in a first-come.' first-served ·basis·. At-· risk youth v,;iho . are beneficiaries of . _,::antawicj · Pami/yang.PilipinoProgram.(4Ps) and DOt:E's . 'Special. Prograrri for Employi:nent of Students. . . (SPES) are encouraged to be given priority. The; _P.~SQ shall ·s~reen· and list potential trainees·:,,,.;) (.P:?· No: 1~~...-~ule3, sec. ·2J. ·.. . ·
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~- -, ~!fe_~Kill;, .trau~ing. . . .· . . . . . _ . . . . . . 1., ;,.,. i.f-l{i•••~ . . . . Au:ns to _develop · and . enhance pers~r~1.. .",.i{iV.. ~Q}Jalificati~ps of Partner-Bmployers: . · C()':')pet~nc1es and e~e~tive work hab,~f
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d . ." Engaging in vio"lence or: other forms of misconduct in the training . '. or _establishment's premises by the trainee; a·nd · . · . .e.. Inefficiency or poor trainfng perform.imcefor a prolqngef;I. period pespite warnings· ·duly· given to ttie trainee. · 2. · .By the JobStarttrainee:· · a; Substandard or harmful working Q_oridltions . ... within the establishment's premises; . . : b. Crue"I and "inh'umane treatment; and- . c. ·Prolonged or 'continuing iilness (R.A.. No. -10.869, Sec.'_.16). · · · · · ··
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The rule" shall c!PPIY to all business enterprises which includes: (SMC) · . . . 1. §.~lf-er:nployed or own-account workers; :2.. Micro; small and medium enterprises; and 3. .fommur'lity-based .business · enterprises and . cooperatives (J;J_._Q_: No. 180, Rule 2?. ·.
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The .followin"g "incentives. shall· be. provided to
qualified buslness enterprises-to encourage them to . _generate·ad sustain-green jobs: (TaExBuSFi) . · .Y Tax:ded.uction .. . .. . · Equivalent to 5.0% of total· expense for skiils · Grievance Committee . t~ainirig.
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~N BEDA I.AW CEN'fRALJZEDBAR OPERATIONS.- MEf>!ORY.A/0 2019;
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·Alt lands· of the Publlc domain ir:l -excess of th~ specific limits as determined by Congress. . 3. All other . lands owned· by the Government · devoled toor suitaQle for agrl~ulture. · 4. ·All Private 'tands devoted to or suitable for agricultu're·, regardle.ss of products (R.A No..
. ·AGR.AJUAN LAWS·· Agrarian· raw refers to. the distribution of pubiic agricultural lands, large estates, and .regulation of . the relatlonship between· the landowner and the. farmer who work.& the land •. It embraces ~ii laws. relating to l~n.d pr to' the .ownershlp orvdivlslon . thereof; . governs· and. requlates the .rights and .. relationships. over ·agricultural lands between landowners, tenants, lessees.or ag,ricultu'raf workers
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The SC declared unconstitutional the· inclusion of· lands devoted to raising of livestock, poultry; and · swine within the terms "agriculture": The reason ls ·bacause in livestock,. poultry,· or swine. farming, no land.ls tilled and no crop 'is harvested. ·Land is not .. the primary resource iri raising of 'livestock, poultry ·Or even .swine .. Livestock, .'poultry, or 'swine do. not sprout .fro in the land, hence, they .are/ not "fruits of the ·land" (Luz Farms vs. Secre'tary of Agrarian
(UNGOS1 Agrarian Law and Social· · tegisiation . ,. . ·:··(2.013)! p,..1) [here/hatter,UNGOS].. · '
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AGR:A.RJ..A:N REFORM: LAW'·
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~1}~,; •. ,\~;{~: protected. and the systems of land ownership, land se.tu1ng 1and disputes must be recognized . · · · · · •1"•·J.#1,,s· d't. 6t"ct (RA N 6657 S . 9) · . · Not~:··.$ec 7.· provides· that land ··acqui~tli9-'f a&:J~~j~r---;,.J).I.L!~2::1{ ... ·0· " ·' e~. ·. . .. . distribution shall be completed ·~y J~r,~;.:i9, ~Q14_,t)J "Retention i,.1'r1\its · ·. . Nev':l~heless, the L~w au~ho~zes \,t1eflDA~ 1 The landoin~r'~hall have the right to retain not.more c_onll~ue·~o proce~-~··?nng. ~o final.\tt a,9,,e~E;,~¥}.~a~~ . },) · th,3°'n. fi,ve·,5(5~ If~· ctares of his landholdings. T:he cai,e .oq~roc~edlng mvolvmg t~~J~p!ent~.At·1A9°·0f .. ·i'!\ retainedlre~ ne 'd not be personally cultivated.by 1t the.agranan r-eform law·a1reacjy:.pend1Qg ·~s of Jut(fJ-\ !:,!, .] · b d · · '"' ·. · .,,.. , d iiw· :· .'•t.o ·b t '·m· hu the. 1an~9wn11r. Cl'.J t1vat1on can e one Indirectly 30·, 20 1 4 ,· · even b eyonu sa,~,~- a '"':l·"'o usu t'· .. th··'i7it'.~...-""··--..-,--,. (RAN A .. i DAR 'G R N 2·iff_ N ''v'i!'mb rou::1.'.'11'~y,q,r,;1;i~JU!.~•ra. 1·,ion.. : .... . o:. 6657 . . ' s·ec.
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of. ·the ·,an.downer a.re entiiied to three .. If t~e.lando"Yner owns more than · Definition of Te.rms . · : /.~--:--:-...,.."::li.f1v9-t~~ares of agricl!ltural .land, the excess ,;'lre-:1 .. Agtariiin reforr:n involves redistributiei?.[\ o!,1aqct{to. n:iay be awarded to the childrei:i. provided ·that s.ah;I • . farmers· and. regular farmwork~_rs w~o· a,~~1.ess: child should tie: . · . . • .· ·includes - altematjve, arrangements. s.u~f.i..'as labor 1. · At least.15. y~ar~ olq; ;;ind . ·· .· admirii~tration, profit-sharing and stoo~ dis~rib.utiori 2. Adually, tilling or directly :m.anaging the farm
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Agricultural· ljind refers: . to land: devoted to ... ·agrlcul(ur.a~ .. acti'!ilY and n.ot dassifled as"mjneral,. · fore~t,.: residential;. con'im!:)rcial,. · or Industrial· [!:Ind
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(R.A. No.. 6fJ57, Sec.6, par:.. 1)... The right'to choose the. re~ained .area belong. to the lanc:lown~r. subject .to the.condition that the retained area:·· . 1. ·: S.hould be. compact and con'(ig1,.1ous·; and
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2. · Do!:)s .not exceed· the ·five:tiectare' limit.. Note: JHhe sel~eted· area Is tenanted, such: teriant 'shall have.the option to choose wt,,.ethet:· .. 1. Tq r!:)ma.in ther!3in -. t"ie will· tie aonsid.ered as . . · leaseholder,. tful,s, he 'shall. lose the right to be a : ti!:),:ieficiary. . 2. To be. a· beneficiary in the same· or another . agricul,tural land with similar. 0( · comparable features - he shall lose ,hi's.right·as leaseholder .. (R'.A. 6657, Sec,. 6, par. 2): .
Sccfpe· :· . . . R,A.·Ji.Jo ... ·6q57 applies Coniy ·to a·gncultural !ands, whe'tf1er public :or. privat~ .. It . does: ·n·o.t i'(lcl.ude . residential,. 't::bmmercial, industrial, mineral and ·. foi:~st' rand (R.A. 6657, Sec. 3(c)). .· '· ·: · ..
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~pecificafl.y, the following lands are.cover~d; (AIDIPub-Gov~ PriV!ate) . · · . . . :. .· 1: 'AJI Alienable and Di~posable land~ of the· pµblic . . . domain cievo~ed or suitable for agriculture.
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s·p·ECIAL GRO-lJPS SAN BED~ LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS - ·MEMORY A/0. 2019
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Original · ho~estead grar:itees· or 1heir direct · compulsory heirs .ef Iands shall. retain the same areas as rong as. they continue to cultivate the homestead. Accordinqly, the tights.of homesteaoars ' . are superior to the rights- of'tenants.(R;A. ·No. 6657;_ Sec. 6, par. 1).
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If all factors are present:
CNI
:x 0.60
+ CS x ·o.30 + MV x·0.10 ~ l.and'value;
If GNJ is not presem: . CS x D.90 + MV x 0.10 = Land value:
·
If CS fs not present: . . -<;;NI .x OJ)O ·+ MV x 0.10.= Land.value; ..
. . I~ case ot.spouses, tlik extent. of the right to, retain · depends Ori the property regime· as follow.s.: ·1 .. If absolute ·comrtturiity or conjugar.partnership ; the Sp'OUS.e$ can only retain up .to 'five. {5) hectares; . . . ' . .. . . . . 2. If :separatio.r.J. cof . property ., each. spouse can · retain five,-(5) hectares {UNGOS, supre at 17).·_
If both CNI arid CS ere notpresent: . . MV 2 Land value (1 ·uNGOS,. supr_a at 52).
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·. Generat Rule.: The value ofthe property' at the t11T)e '. of taking shall .he the· basis. If possesston is taken Commer:cia,I Farms . . . . .. prior; toexprcpriation proceedlnq, the vatueshculd 'Commercial farms shall .be subject · to immediate beat the time of taking possession and.not tlme of compulsory acquisition and · distribution after 10 filing of complaint . _ . years from effectiyity of the law. In case of ne~~--"-•=,...:'"'- . . . . ·. . • farms, the reckoning point is the ·first_,,)',ea:t'·of 'l;;xi;epti.QJ.!: Whel'l' there· ls undue delay in paymentcommercial production and operation. ~ !l~ ~ _ .!..t:JhetE;)rl tl)~>~luebf tne property at th? time of full · =(. "-'l ....~~-x==p~'yJ!$nl(s_n..c\ll!9~...the basis and not the time of tak1r,g_ Note: Commercial farms · ~~e.- .P,p~te ~.9~JJJltoral : · (R.A:"N¢'66§~~(lf:-1.7).. . .. lands devoted Jo saltbeds, frujt f~'r:~jJ:Yors_,IJ9r:d~='""fe'.""~•=,,...._,,~:-..'\.'( ..;· . ··\. : . . · . vegetable and cut-flower farfY!p;~o,!;l:IC<;IQ'i cqff~IJJ ·~roce~"£re'f~r;;'£?£te~!"mat1onO,f J~st and rubberp_1antatio~s (~.A._ 6~,TsecJ11). __ i( -~-~ .0ompe'\sauo~ f.) \ . _ ._ . _ . - . ..
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Agrari~n . r~forrn' . benen[icl~"J;>/( for i:ik (LE!\)°,aetl:!r~ines,the·valu'e'aft!i'.elands. com~~r~ial farms. :mu.stt'1fiav~d the _ifollo'W1.Ljg)ift_ ~': . · ~- ..... ; :~ -~ . ·· . . _ . quahf1cat1ons:(~ 8-W•IEmp)i ..;,,;r~ R -rfifflfcl . '} y, ,,.,...,, ~ i - : · .. 1. ·At:least 18 year.s old at , i'e•UtqEr: of PP,ll.C~~nf;~ .. f I · · · · 2. With Willingness, .aplit\id.~-,\'and '".;a'hilily.ro;:~- .~ ::-t1si_1r9,r~.iv~ a~l'1;!~}he D~partment of Agrarian . . If t-.- d . . , l \..JI ~, \\ {f t~eJ9_AA:,fuA . ' maK~f/ an o~er to the land.owner. If · 3. r ~~~~;~:~,th~.c~mmef~Jal farrri~etw"~~ ,. ~~ ~~3!%1'11ow2,,~rf?je<;f~the. pffer, _DAR conduct~. a . . '15, · 19aa'arid June :1'5, 1~~. or _up"b,r. e~ii;,at©~~~./ J§,~~ry,:Jiclm~nisyative·prpc~edu:ig to. qetel1]11Jl(:} .' ·of deferment (UNG(?S'. supr~~t .40).~ · .(_~C'IEN~ o.zi:p~nsati~~Jor t~e 1-~~d. ·· . ~. · · ··· · · · · ·· · '~.· Jr.~... -.::.-~.,,4.~/ .o 6pq:7,,;:$ec 17) · · c;~AP_TERy; LAND ACQUISI.TIOni,, '<(..J)A~::'-==::•""· ~-~\.}-/,.:..··. . .·. . . ·. ' foi~U=ij.~JE~tiv_e Deter.minat_ionof ~ust Modes of A:cqu1s1tion· .. '. .. . : ,~;~;..,,,_;.;,;.cp._mp<ens~tion· · , .· :.. . . . . ·, . . .. Th.e . following are the · mode~ 0f acquisition . . · The - summary ,:a'dmm1sti:at1ve proceedmg shall b,e · recogn.ize~;l:_l;!nc;l~rCAR~·; (VoCoD1) cond.ucted'by.:. . . . < . . . • • . ·• 1. Voluntaiyoffer to seJI_ · . : 1-. PARAD ..- ifinitial valuation is·less. than 1 o million.2., . Compulsory acqufsitioh (·· 2· RARAD- if inltiai valuaticin· is'.1'0 millibn to 50 3: .. Dire9t'J?~yinents'cheme · · . ·~·million, _' . : · : ·. · . · · .:.:: :·:, · · ·' · . , . . . ·' i .DARAS ··~ if initial .-valuation· ·is :more than' 50 ·CH APTERVI: COMP.ENSATlON . . . milliqn (2909 DARABRples· of pfo_cedi1te, Sec: . compensati'on. is:the fu11 and ,fair equivalent va1u~ 1) .. . _ of. the pr0perty. Just-compens·ation is not on_ly lin;iited .. . . .to the correct determination- of. the ·amount 'but c'ilso 11.'lodes of Payment .. . . . . . inpludes promP,f pijyment. (UNGO$., supra at. 50)... · The following :are the rec;og'niz!,ld modes of payment: ·· .. · . . . . 1,. :Cash · .. ~hd. : firiancial ... ·in.strurnents< of ·. ff,e. . ' · Factors Used- in· LandValuation ' . · goyernm!,lnt;. '. : • . .. . . . . The following are th.e . factors'. in the valuation of 2: . Shares · of . stocks· ii"i" gov_e·~n!11ent-6w'ned: o_r.:. . . lands:·,{CCM) . . . . . ·-· ' . . . · · controlled..corporatiops·, preferr~d shares of. _the 1. : Capitalized .Net lnc_ome (CNI); . Land Bank; physica\ as'sets. pr.' other qualified .2 .. Comparable.Sale); (QS);. and investments;. . · : · .. . ; : · · · . 3. ·MarketValue (MV) (R.A No. 6657,.Sec.17). 3. · Tax 'credits· which can be used against 'tax. liat;,ililies;.and . . .
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SPECIAL GROUPS SAN SEDA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OPERATIONS - MEMORY AID 2019
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4: · .Land Bank Bonds which shall mature every year until the 101h year (RA. No.6657, 'Sec. 18). ·
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Those have Obtained , substantially . equlvalent employr:nent, i.e. any employment or .. profession from which the applicant-farmer -.Tti°e landowner cannot insist in -cash payment only 'derives income equivalent to the ·income bf. a because.lt is not sanctioned by the agrarian reform regular farm .Worker at-the time identification. law. The Iaw says that the just compensation shall. _screening, and selection.of the beneficiary; be pa°rd partly in· cash and the remaJnder by means. · -·' 8. Those who have Retired or voluntarily resigned of bonds, government financial instrumen.is,.shares.. from thelr' employment; . .. of stock'. in government:. owned or controlled · 9. Those who have Misused the land or. Diverted corporation, .. tax credits · or Land Bank· .. bonds · the financial support services extended by the ·(Assoc1ationof. Sinai/ Landowners v, Secretary ot go"l(ernment; · · . .. · . · · ·. Agra.rianRetotm, G.R. No_. 78742,.July 14, 1!}89). · . ro. l;hose who have-Misrepresenteo material facts in thei(basic qualltlcatiens: •! . ."" . ' : . . l ···cHAPTERVII: LANO·RE;OISTRIBUTiON.·. . . U. Thosewho have Scld.Dleposed or Abandoned C The landscovereo by the CARP sha.il be distributed : .. the lands awarded to.them by the government; i·.· .as much as.possible to landless resldentscof the 1:2: Thosewho have Converted aqricultura] landsto same barangays. or in the absence thereof, landless ncn-aqrlcultural use wiV,out.prior approval of the· , residents of.the same municipality··(R.'A. No. 6657, .: . PAR: : . . · . . · i· · · Sec: 22). · 13,, Those· who 'have been finally adjudged Guilty pf . · : · • · · = :1 · · forcible- entry or· unlawfut' deiainer over the > • • ~ote": "Landless" me-ans- a farmer or tiller wtio o'1rf)::'j<· . property; and · . ·. . · ·· . . · . ·_less than 3 hectares of 'land (R.A.. No. 6657, 14. !-hose who _have Vi9lated. agrarian retorn:i. laws·. 25).. . . . . . . ,! .. f-'""''\ and requlations (DAR A 0. No. _2, series of . · · .. . · . . · ,t !,.\'"Jt.l,.\{ · 2009).. · ·. . . · · .QOalificail~n of-Agrarian R~forr:n-Be_neficia_iy7· The follo~1ng are._the .quallflcations ot(_;;i(,farmer.-~JfJ . · Orderof-'E>1stnbut1on . . · . . _. . . benef!:i~ry: (~i_Re-15-<;u)-.· . _ ·:.,~">":_. : · _J.'\J~ Cpild!~f'! o_f landowner enloy · first _prefere~ce · in ),< ....jrl the d1stnbuJ1qp.'q>fthelandholding. After the children, 1. F1hpmo.C1t1zen; · . . \.\/.t 2. ·,Resi9_e~t of tM bcirangay or mu(lic!p_~!~Y.-:-'i9her~ . "':~ the cove~,d Uan-t~~ldihg· will: b~ distribµted to the · ,the 1an·dholdi~g is._ located: :-yl . . .~ .... . . tonowinQY ~ ·~ . . . · . : . · · . . ·. . 3._ · At teas! 15 years old _i\lt ttie'.!).'JJe o!:~.e~tificatic_n\;\,.,:·:·} 'I:'· .:_Ag~t~~~r;;~~~~~e-~~ ~nd sh.are tenc1nts; ·.· . screening·ar:id selection; ~cf' ~).;'/) \7,,~·· ," 2:· . ·-RWgul~pJ~rrnw_oJ_f<-ers : , · ·, · 4., WillirJ.g, -able am1-1 eq4ipjJ~!.!..-wilb~P,:iftud~~~: 1 Jf tfi~je~~·teriants.~nd·regular,farmwork~rs · Cultivate and make the lano{f}f09-Lict[,;,~ (R.,. j, 1~1 · hav~. ~lre~dY:.receive9 :~eir th_ree (3).hecta.n~·~• 6_6~7; ~e~•.. 22). :. . ~ . rem_ai11irm p~~i~n of l~nd ..will·be. distri~'ut~d· 7.
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~ote: No qualified ben-eficiary -may owt more"'t, •pA--~-~-a-.-·-Se'asonal'farmworkers;··. . .three·bectares· of agricultural ..land "(R'qj. .No/6($57, . SfE:C. _i.3). '.. ·,. ··,,.
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Dlsq~alificatl~n~ as Benefici_ary •. 1.: Thdse who do not meet the bas.ic qualifications; 2. ,·Those'who. have Waived their:"right "t
·
,. . . · b: . Other-farm workers· ·· C. :~d~al"ti_ll~i'~·Of OCC~pants of public··1ands; _ ·d. =. Cbll.ective's or ·cooperatives. of ··tlie above: '.. . . beri~ficiari.es;. and . : . Others direc:t(y working ·on the land (R.A. . ·. -No: 6657, Sec,·!?2-A).. . · .. ,·· . A~ard Beneficiaries ':. . . . ; : . ' ' . lfis th_e mi_nisterial d1..1ty of the ~egiste_r_of Deed to rE;igister.the ·title of the .land in ·the. name:of registered . person after the. °Land s·ank of' tli.e. PhiJippines has certifie·d ·that ·full.-paymen( ~Ith due no·uce · to the laodoWher .has beeri made, lo register Cei1ific'ate of Land. Ownership Awar~ issue·d·to beneficiaries, an·9 to.cancel No. . ·previous . . 'titles .. "(Sec. 24, R,.A. . . ·66~7). ·
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·. G~oulids for ca~cellatj~n..of CLOA: (Ab.Ne·g-Fail f>ay-Mis'-Sale-lllr : . . · . · · ·· · . '. : . · .. 1. Aban·donmentof Jan:d; . · 2.: Neglect· or misuse of land; 3. Failure to Pav 3 annu~l.amo.rtizations;. · 4. _Misu"se or ·diversion of ffriancial· and support services;
2019 SAN BE_DA LAW CENTRALIZED BAR OP~~TIONS
339
SPECIAL .GROU.PS· SA/'f BEDA 0wcENTRAllZE()BAR OPERA.Tl(!NS- MEMORY.AID-,201fl. . 1&65151·&
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5. ~. transfer or conveyance of t_he tlght use the land; and 6. filegal conversion of the land· (R.A. No. 6657; Sec,24).. · · . Titles.for Beneficiary , · General Rule: The land should be awarded to.the ind.ividual fan,er-beneficiary ahd ·shquld,be cove'red by an individu.;31 title: · · ·.
mm4aw
leasehold, tenancy, stewardship or otherwise, over lands devoted to. agriculture, including disputes concerning farmworkers' associations' or ·. · representation of person's . in· neqotiatinq, fixing; . maintaining, cha_nging, or seeking Jo arrange the · terms and conditlons otsuoh tenurial arrangements · '(R.A. No. 6657, ·sec .. 3(d)).
Specifica.lly, the·. foliow.ing cases. are within. the jurlsdiction.of DARAB; . .1. · · -Rights and obligations of persons jnvolved; Exceptjon; If v,·~. beneficiary opts f6t c9llective '2. . Preliminary administrative deterrninatlon of just ownership, such as farmers' cooperative, 'coliective· compensauon: . · · ownership title may b'e issu.ed.in the name qf the .co..· . ·3., .' -Annulrnent or rescission· · .of · lease · owners or ttie. collective organi2ation '(R.A N,o.665.7, , . contracts/deeds of sale, or.their amendments; Sec. 25).;· · ·· 4. Ejectment · and . · -dlsposseesl on . · . of Prohibition on Sale or Transfer of Award!3d · · ·. tenants/leasehotders: . . . . Lands . 5.. Sale, alienation, -pre-emption, redemption of Aqrartanreform beneficiarlescannot, .wittiir( a pe®-~.....:......~ covere~ a~rk:ultl.iral, l_~hds; . · ··-· .. of. 10 years,. sell or transfer own~rship.~f;:."(a-nd :s.!6.~.tcect~on: partltlon, _ 1ssuan~es a~d awarded to them, ~xcept: . ~Jrewo,lJ.!_1:J!1onof EPs an~ CLOAs reg1st.ered·W)th 1. ,:-rro~gh hereditary succession/-'~ b~·II . ~~ _ ·· .· . 2. To the Government · ?_,,/" . V/_,?" . · · 7~~~1~W:ot;i~~ehold rentals; . · 3. To the land Bank of the ~~,MfPP~ih1 s -,."":'=-~--=8.""".Q.~)i'e9,!io/l'l0f'~~,?rtizatiori payments, foreclosure · 4. To 'other ·qualified benefic~rj&f. .';ff.'Np.6657r» ·--,r' ""'7 ar.icl\si.mi(?{r?!~p~es; . Sec. 27). . .· Jl . ~~- j - ,1 · .It 41 ~11. _Bou1~dary;,p1sp~te\;i over covered lands; . . . I .. ii. . . -10 .. Cas1s unMrrqt19i~,aland exclusive jurisdiction qHAPTER · XII: : .'~JNIST~TIVE'........._,,...,»,:.......pf~~hf defui\;~Ayr~· , . · AQJUDICATION :>;.~l!t'"<.®ther agrar~rr"""va's s. referred by Secretary of . >i4'4 · · · (d~ ~D"t:_r/.·(~_D09 f.i)~ ew Rule.~ and f'roce'dure).· Department of Agrarian R forf.Q1 ;'JTc;;:i ;f j . . . . DAR is _vested with primary Os~;Gli9n fi@i\"{m'I' rt1mng· lclfid~wr:ier.becau~e the issue of. involving the 1~p]ernentat1on'?f ag~~1an _'l'~(Orn:p, . -,.:,,/a~9!!V:'Of~~'ij e~~e~~nt·.oyer pn~'?'t~. ~~~p~tty ~xcept those falling _ur:ider the _e)(cJus1v_e)~dic@~N· rr ..11Jl11ttJ.oJJt.t~p-anc~ re~i1ons 1s outside thf} JUnsd1cti,on o( .. of DA antl ~ENR (R,A: No: 6657,~ec. 50),_ ~ -...;;;:~,e1?.foRA~~{.~agpJ?a Estat~s v. Court of Appea~s, · . ·. · . "-:·'-t'.0.11"-...-..,.,.,.~R."\\di. 1fffel~F. JI.fly 5, 2000}. . . . : .. · Note: Sl!ch j.urisdictiolJ of· the· DA~~s;;/l]ter.~ A:. A"!if'~·p,~~r . ... · .· · delegated (to the ,PARAS and to the DAR qecie.@ty). · J.Vl.Lf\lee~arify; in the exercise of quasi-judicial. powers, ' .. Thus, the jurisdiction: qf .the 'DAR ·undet -tli·~..-:&'Af-iABJs'.authorizedt9_: . . . · , .. .. aforequot-ad_ . provision 'is: · ·.t\."{O':folc:l- . The·. first ·is. 1, Summ~m y...itnesses; · essentiaJly· executive · ·and .. - pertairis to the 2 .. : Administ,exoaths; · · ei"lfor'c~mei:itano ~dn,inistratibn ofthi3~aws·; carrying · - 3. Ta~~ te$4m9py; · · . . • . .: them 'in.to practical o'peration and enforcing their due. . 4_. :Recjuir~ submi~sioil of reports;' observc!nce, ·whTle the second is j4diciai and.involves · "'· 5. lsstie subpoe.n·a·; :; .' .. · ·. . · the- determination of :rights and· oblig'.atioris· of the 6. Issue-writ~ o:t.execution/p_ossessiortetc.; .· parties (Soriano . .v. ·_ar~vo; G.f?.. Np. 152086; 7.: Pupi$h' direcVindirect contempt (1 ·.UNGOS,. Deceml)ed5,·.2010).. · . . · . . supra _at 112-113). · , I .. ·., .. - .•. DAR ~ecr-;;tary or his authorized,repre.sentative· . Depart,ment ·~t. Agrarian .Adjudication'.· Board (DARAB) ' . .. . . . .... · .. . . Tlfe. Secreta.ry of.. DARY;. or his ..' duly autl;lorfzed . ·r~presentative,' . h~s . the.. pr,imary. jurisdiction to .. . The. Board shall . hav~. primary ar.id exciusive determine and ,adjudicate agrarian reform matteis. jurfsdiction, bo'th original and appellate, to'det1;irn:iine . (RA. No.C657, Sec. 50-A). . . . . a~d . a<;:ljudicate .. ' all ' - agrarian . disputes, cases,. ·.·. . . .. : c.ontrqyersies, and matter or incil:ients invof\iing the Note·: Should a·.party d,irect!y .a case ,.,.;ith the.·· implementation of)he "CARP (2.009 DARAB New regul,ii'r court_ ancj P.leading alleges .that the· 9ase is ·. · Rule~ and Procedure}. · ·. agrarian in nature and orie:of'the p:arties is a farm·er,.· Note: Agrarian Dispute refer~ to ·aJJy controversy: farmworker, or tenant,. ·the Court should· not dismiss' relatin~ 'to tenurial'· _arrangements, 'whether .• . .•
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340 I 2019·SAN SEDA LAW CENTRALiZED ElAR <;)PERATIONS
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f . . . the case. lnstead, it should refer the matter to the DAR for the· purpose of· determining whether an agr_~ri~n dispute 'exlsts (1, UNG(?~. supra 122).
Note:'.A mere· r~~ia~~ifkation of an agricultural land does· not at,1ton:i9.ilci:1IIY allow the landowner to change its use. H,e has to Ul'"!dff~O the pr9CeSSOf conversion ·bMo"re· he . is permitted to use the T,he ·. following cases . fall° within . the .' exclusive" agricultural farid for other' purpo~~s (Jd.). . . [urlsdictionof the DAR Secretary: . · . 1. Classification ·and identification of landhold]ngs · The . ·following . ~bsoiutely prohibited from forcoverage; · · · · .· . conversion: (Prolr_Fi:iPri) · · ·· · . . . ·. 2: ldentiflcation of_.qlialified benefitjaries; 1_ . Agri~ultural tands v.rithin· Protected areas. · i . Subdivision surveys bf covered lands; . 2. . All 
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