Decorative Arts

Decorative arts The decorative arts are arts or crafts concerned with the design and manufacture of beautiful objects that are also functional. It includes interior design, but not usually architecture. The decorative arts are often categorized in opposition to the "fine arts", namely, painting, drawing, photography, and large-scale sculpture, which generally have no function other than to be seen.

Contents 1

"Decorative" and "fine" arts

2

Influence of different materials

3

Renaissance attitudes

4

Arts and Crafts movement

5

See also

6

References and sources

7

Further reading

8

External links

The front side of the Cross of Lothair (c. 1000), a classic example of "Ars Sacra"

"Decorative" and "fine" arts The distinction between the decorative and the fine arts has essentially arisen from the post-Renaissance art of the West, where the distinction is for the most part meaningful. This distinction is much less meaningful when considering the art of other cultures and periods, where the most highly regarded works – or even all works – include those in decorative media. For example, Islamic art in many periods and places consists entirely of the decorative arts, often using geometric and plant forms, as does the art of many traditional cultures. The distinction between decorative and fine arts is not very useful for appreciating Chinese art, and neither is it for understanding Early Medieval art in Europe. In that period in Europe, fine arts such as manuscript illumination and monumental sculpture existed, but the most

Wine Pot, ca. 18th century, China, Walters Art Museum

prestigious works tended to be in goldsmith work, in cast metals such as bronze, or in other techniques such asivory carving. Large-scale wall-paintings were much less regarded, crudely executed, and rarely mentioned in contemporary sources. They were probably seen as an inferior substitute for mosaic, which for this period must be viewed as a fine art, though in recent centuries mosaics have tended to be seen as decorative. The term "ars sacra" ("sacred arts") is sometimes used for medieval Christian art done in metal, ivory, textiles, and other high-value materials but not for rarer secular works from that period.

Influence of different materials Modern understanding of the art of many cultures tends to be distorted by the modern privileging of fine art media over others, as well as the very different survival rates of works in different media. Works in metal, above all in precious metals, are liable to be "recycled" as soon as they fall from fashion, and were often used by owners as repositories of wealth, to be melted down when extra money was needed. Illuminated manuscripts have a much higher survival rate, especially in the hands of the church, as there was

little value in the materials and they were easy to store.

Renaissance attitudes The promotion of the fine arts over the decorative in European thought can largely be traced to the Renaissance, when Italian theorists such as Vasari promoted artistic values, exemplified by the artists of the High Renaissance, that placed little value on the cost of materials or the amount of skilled work required to produce a work, but instead valued artistic imagination and the individual touch of the hand of a supremely gifted master such as Michelangelo, Raphael or Leonardo da Vinci, reviving to some extent the approach of antiquity. Most European art during the Middle Ages had been produced under a very different set of values, where both expensive materials and virtuoso displays in difficult techniques had been highly valued. In China both approaches had co-existed for many centuries: ink and wash painting, mostly of landscapes, was to a large extent produced by and for the scholar-bureaucrats or "literati", and was intended as an expression of the artist's imagination above all, while other major fields of art, including the very important Chinese ceramics produced in effectively industrial conditions, were produced according to a completely different set of artistic values.

Surahi, Mughal, 17th Century CE. National Museum, New Delhi

Arts and Crafts movement The lower status given to works of decorative art in contrast to fine art narrowed with the rise of the Arts and Crafts movement. This aesthetic movement of the second half of the 19th century was born in England and inspired by William Morris and John Ruskin. The movement represented the beginning of a greater appreciation of the decorative arts throughout Europe. The appeal of the Arts and Crafts movement to a new generation led the English architect and designer Arthur H. Mackmurdo to organize the Century Guild for craftsmen in 1882, championing the idea that there was no meaningful difference between the fine and decorative arts. Many converts, both from professional artists' ranks and from among the intellectual [1] class as a whole, helped spread the ideas of the movement.

The influence of the Arts and Crafts movement led to the decorative arts being given a greater appreciation and status in society and this was soon reflected by changes in the law. Until the enactment of the Copyright Act 1911 only works of fine art had been protected from unauthorised copying. The 1911 Act extended the definition of [2][3] an "artistic work" to include works of "artistic craftsmanship".

See also American craft Applied art Design museum Faux painting History of decorative arts Industrial Design Ornament (architecture)

References and sources

Chinese bowl, Northern Song Dynasty, 11th or 12th century, porcelaneous pottery withceladon glaze

References 1. "Arts and Crafts Movement".Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica Online (http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/37281/Arts-and-Crafts-move ment). Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. 2012. Retrieved 5 June 2014. 2. "Section 35(1)", UK Legislation, Copyright Act 1911(http://www.legislation.gov.u k/ukpga/Geo5/1-2/46/section/35/enacted) 3. Edmund Eldergill (2012),The Decorative Arts and Copyright(http://www.vivalago on.com/en/content/8-decorative-arts-copyright-uk) , Lagoon Contemporary Furniture

Sources Fiell, Charlotte and Peter, eds. Decorative Art Yearbook (one for each decade of the 20th century). Translated. Bonn: Taschen, 2000. Fleming, John and Hugh Honour. Dictionary of the Decorative Arts. New York: Harper and Row, 1977.

Arts and Crafts movement "Artichoke" wallpaper by Morris and Co.

Frank, Isabelle. The Theory of Decorative Art: An Anthology of European and American Writings, 1750–1940. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2000. Campbell, Gordon. The Grove Encyclopedia of Decorative Arts. New York: Oxford University Press, 2006. Thornton, Peter. Authentic Decor: Domestic Interior, 1620–1920. London: Seven Dials, 2000.

Further reading Dormer, Peter (ed.), The Culture of Craft, 1997, Manchester University Press,ISBN 0719046181, 9780719046186, google books

External links Home Economics Archive: Tradition, Research, History (HEARTH) Cornell University Victoria and Albert Museum Argentine Decorative Art Museum Digital Library for the Decorative Arts and Material Culture- electronic resources Metropolitan Museum of Art American decorative arts collection National Gallery of Art decorative arts collection Bagatti Valsecchi Museum, Milan, Italy Museum of the City of New York Decorative Arts Collection Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Decorative_arts&oldid=800608606 " This page was last edited on 14 September 2017, at 16:05. Text is available under theCreative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License ; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of theWikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.