Electrical Design Lectures

ELECTRICAL DESIGN LECTURES: THE SERVICE ENTRANCE CONDUCTORS Power is supplied to a building through a service entrance. Three heavy wires, together called the drop, extend from a utility pole or an underground source to the structure. These wires are twisted into a cable. At the building, overhead wires are fastened to the structure and spliced to service entrance wires that enter a conduit through a service head, as shown in Figure 31-1 In planning overhead service drop paths, minimum height requirements for connector lines must be carefully followed. See Figure 31-2. If these distances cannot be maintained, rigid conduit, electrical metallic tubing, or busways (channels, ducts) must be used. If the service is supplied underground, three wires are placed in a rigid conduit. An underground service conduit is brought to the meter socket. An underground service entrance includes a watt-hour meter, main breaker, and lightning protection. Automatic brownout equipment is also required by many codes for new construction. All electrical systems must be grounded through the service entrance. SIZE AND RATINGS 2 Service drop shall have sufficient ampacity to carry the load. They shall not be smaller than 8mm (3.2mm 2 diameter) copper or 14 mm aluminum or copper clad aluminum Service entrance conductors shall be sufficient size to carry the computed loads. CLEARANCE OVER THE ROOF (CONDUCTORS OF NOT MORE THAN 600 VOLTS): 1. 2500 mm (8 feet) - without elevation 2. 1000 mm (3 feet) - without elevation CLEARANCE FROM GROUND (CONDUCTORS OF NOT OVER 600 VOLTS) 1. 3100 mm - above finished grade, sidewalks or from any platforms or projection which may be reached. 2. 3700 mm - over residential driveways and commercial areas such as parking lots and drive-in establishments not subject to truck traffic. 3. 4600 mm - over commercial areas, parking lots or agricultural or other areas subject to truck traffic. 4. 5500 mm - over public streets, alleys roads and driveways on other than residential property. Note : (drawing is based on NEC standard) UNGROUNDED CONDUCTORS SHALL NOT BE SMALLER THAN: 1.100A, 3- wire, for one family dwelling with six or more 2 branch circuit. 2.100A, 3-wire, for one family dwelling with an initial computed load of 10-kw or above. 3. 60A for other loads. EXCEPTIONS: 1. For loads consisting of not more than two wire branch circuit, 8 mm2 (3.2 mm dia.) copper or 14 mm2 aluminum or copper clad aluminum. 2. By special permission, for loads limited by demand or by the source of supply, 8mm2 copper or 14mm2 aluminum or copper-clad aluminum. 2

2

3. For limited loads of a single branch circuit 3.5mm copper or 3.3mm aluminum or copper-clad aluminum. INSTALLATION OF SERVICE CONDUCTORS: Service entrance conductors shall be installed in accordance with the applicable requirements of this code (PEC) covering the type of wiring method used and limited to the following methods: 1. Open wiring on insulators 2. Rigid metal conduit (RMC) 3. Intermediate Metal Conduit (IMC) 4. Electrical Metallic Tubing (EMT) 5. Service-entrance cables 6. Wireways 7. Busways 8. Auxiliary Gutters 9. Rigid non-metallic conduit 10. Cable Bus 11. Type MC cable 12. Mineral-insulated metal-sheathed cable PROTECTION: Service entrance conductors shall be installed in accordance with the applicable requirements and subjected to physical damage shall be protected in any of the following ways or methods: 1. By RMC 2. By IMC 3. By Rigid Nonmetallic Conduit suitable for the locations 4. By EMT 5. Type MC Cable or other approved means THE SERVICE EQUIPMENT-DISCONNECTING MEANS GENERAL: The Service Equipment-Disconnecting Means shall be provided to disconnect all conductors in a building or other structure from the service entrance conductors. IMPORTANT PARTS OF AN ELECTRICAL DESIGN 1. Service Drop

Service Drop

Service Head / Cap Service Entrance Conduit

Service Meter

Service equipment

OVERHEAD SERVICE Not to Scale

Private Pole Service Drop

Building Service Entrance Conduit

Service Meter Service equipment

UNDERGROUND SERVICE Not to Scale Service Drop Clearance Over Roof (Without Elevation)

2500 mm BUILDING

Street HOUSE

Side Walk

To Service Equipment

Service Drop Clearance Over Roof (With Elevation)

1000 mm BUILDING

Street

HOUSE Side Walk

To Service Equipment

3700mm Clearance from Ground. Over residential driveways and other drive-in establishment not subject to traffic

To nearest pole

3700mm

To Service Entrance

Sidewalk

Carport Road

5500mm Clearance from Ground. Over public streets, alleys, roads and driveways an other residential properties.

BUILDING

5500mm Side Walk

Side Walk

Roadway

To Service Equipment

3100mm Clearance from ground. Above finished grade, sidewalks and from any platform or projection which might be reached.

BUILDING

3100mm Roadway

Side Walk

Finished Grade Line

To Service Equipment

Lighting Design Lecture Functional lighting design must consider the interaction among eyesight, objects, and light sources. Good lighting design provides sufficient but not excessive light. Glare from unshielded bulbs or improperly placed lighting should be avoided. Excessive contrast between light and shadows within the same room should also be avoided, especially in work areas. For centuries, candles and oil lamps were the major source of artificial light. Although candles continue to function for special effects, the major sources of light today are incandescent and fluorescent lamps. Incandescent lamps have a filament (a very thin wire) that gives off light when heated. Fluorescent lamps have an inner coating that gives off visible light when exposed to ultraviolet light. The ultraviolet light is released by a gas inside the fluorescent tube. Incandescent lamps concentrate the light source, while fluorescent lamps provide linear patterns of light. Fluorescent lamps give a uniform glare less light that is ideal for large working areas. Fluorescent lamps give more light per watt, last seven times longer, and generate less heat than incandescent lamps. Light Measurements Human eyes adapt to varying intensities of light. However, they must be given enough time to adjust slowly to different light levels. Sudden extreme changes of light may cause discomfort. Light intensity is measured in units called foot candles. A foot candle is equal to the amount of light a candle casts on an object one foot away. See Figure. 31-8. Ten foot candles (10 fc) equals the amount of light that ten candles throw on a surface one foot away. In the metric system, the standard unit of illumination is the lux (lx). One lux is equal to 0.093 fc. To convert foot candles to lux, multiply by 10.764. See Fig. 31-9. Types of Lighting The three basic types of lighting are general lighting, specific lighting, and decorative lighting. SPECIFIC LIGHTING: Light directed to a specific area or located to support a particular task is known as specific, local, or task lighting. See Fig. 31-11. Specific lighting helps in performing such tasks as reading, sewing, shaving, computer work, and home theater viewing. it also adds to the general lighting level. Track lighting and portable lamps provide sources of specific indoor lighting.

GENERAL LIGHTING: General lighting provides overall illumination and radiates a comfortable level of brightness for an entire room. See Fig. 31-10. General lighting replaces sunlight and is provided primarily with chandeliers, ceiling or wall-mounted fixtures, and track lights. To avoid contrast and glare, general lighting should be diffused through the use of fixtures that totally hide the light source or that spread light through panels. Close spacing of hanging fixtures also creates diffuse lighting. Another solution is to use adjustable fixtures so that the light can be directed away from eye contact. Where possible, daylight should be included as a part of the general lighting plan during daylight hours. If adequate window light is not available, the use of skylights should be considered. The intensity of general lighting should between 5 and 10 fc (54 to 108lx). A higher level of general lighting should be used in the service area and bathrooms. Many general lighting fixtures can also be used for decorative lighting by a connection to dimmer switches.

DECORATIVE LIGHTING: Bright lights are stimulating, while low levels of light are quieting. Decorative lighting is used to create atmosphere and interest. Indoor decorative lights are often directed on plants, bookshelves, pictures, wall textures, fireplaces, or any architectural feature worthy of emphasis. Some decorative lighting can be used as general lighting through the use of dimmer switches. Outdoor decorative lighting can be most dramatic. Exterior structural and landscape features can be accented by wellplaced lights. Outdoor lighting is used to light and accent wall textures, trees, shrubs, architectural features, pools, fountains, and sculptures. See Fig. 31-12. Outdoor lighting is especially needed to provide a safe view of stairs, walks, and driveways. Remember to

conceal light sources and don't over light. use waterproof devices and an automatic timing device to turn lights on and off.

Light Distribution Light from any artificial source can be distributed (dispersed or directed) in five different ways: direct, indirect, semi=direct, semi-indirect, and diffused. See Fig. 31-13. Direct light shines directly on an object from a light source. Indirect light is reflected from surfaces. Semi direct light shines mainly down as direct light, but a small portion of it is directed upward as indirect light. Semi-indirect light is mostly reflected, but some light shines directly. Diffused light is spread evenly in all directions with the light source (bulb) not visible. Reflection All objects absorb and reflect light. Some white surfaces reflect 94 percent of the light that strikes them. Some black surfaces reflect only 2 percent. The remainder of the light is absorbed. All surfaces in a room act as a secondary source of light when light is reflected. Refer again to Fig. 31-10. Excessive reflection causes glare. Glare can be eliminated from this secondary source by using matte (dull) finish surfaces and by avoiding exposed light bulbs. Eliminating excessive glare is essential in designing adequate lighting. Structural Light Fixtures Light fixtures are either portable plug-in lamps or structural fixtures. Structural fixtures are wired and built into a building hard-wired. These must therefore be shown on electrical plans and specifications. Structured fixtures may be located on ceilings, on interior and exterior walls, and on the grounds around the building. Different light patterns are produced, depending upon the type of light fixture. Figure 31-14 illustrates the types of structural light fixtures described in the following paragraphs. 1.00 Soffit lighting is used to direct more light to wall surfaces and to horizontal surfaces, such as kitchen and bath countertops, wall desks, music centers, and computer centers. 2.00 Cove lighting directs light (usually fluorescent) onto ceiling surfaces and indirectly reflects light into the center of a room. The soffit should hide the fixture from view from any position in the room. 3.00 Valance lighting directs light upward to the ceiling and down over the wall or window treatment. Valance faceboards can be flat, scalloped, notched, perforated, papered, upholstered, painted, or trimmed with molding. 4.00 Cornice lighting directs all light downward. It is similar to soffit lighting. except cornice lights are totally exposed at the bottom. Wall Fixtures Wall fixtures are used as a source of general lighting, as well as decorative lighting when attached to a dimmer switch. Wall spotlights or fluorescent fixtures may also be used as task lighting. Wall spotlights for accents, diffusing fixtures for general lighting, and sconces are used extensively on walls. See Fig. 31-15. Vanity lights and fluorescent tube lights are also used on walls as task lighting.

DESIGN COMPUTATION Design Analysis where necessary shall be included on the drawing or may be submitted on separate sheets of uniform size paper, shall show: 1. Illumination design computations and tabulated lighting levels in lux for critical areas in institutional, industrial, recreational and commercial buildings. Provide lighting fixture schedule.

Example: General Description and Application Symbol (1)

Item Number (2)

General Description (3)

Specification Description

Lamp and Power Data

Typical Application (4)

Type (5)

Quantity x w/ lamp (6)

Lamp Holder (7)

Supply Volts (8)

Manufacturer Watts per fix and Catalog Number Series (9) (10)

Notes (11)

1. Legend used 2. Item Number 3. Standard description. Example: Surface-mounted two lamp-40 watts, 230 VAC Industrial-type fluorescent lighting fixture with diffuser with spring loaded lamp holder and high pf energy saving ballast. 4. Where fixture will be mostly likely to be used 5. Ballast type: Electronic or Electromagnetic 6. Lighting Fixture Quantity 7. Type of lamp holder: Twistlock type or Spring type. 8. Voltage requirement 9. Number of lamp times lamp wattage 10. Supplier description and catalog number (if available) 11. Other particular items (dimensions and Gauge size). For Gauge Size use the following table for reference Table 1: Gauge Size Imperial Imperial in Gauge mm 10.00 3.25 12.00 2.64 14.00 2.03 16.00 1.63 18.00 1.22 20.00 0.91 22.00 0.71 24.00 0.56 26.00 0.46

Metric sheet mm 3.00 2.50 2.00 1.50 1.20 0.90 0.70 0.60 0.50

2. Feed lines and protective devices of motors, electrical equipments and appliances indicating types and ratings. 3. Size of branch circuit wires, feeders, sub-feeders and busbars including protective devices. 4. Size and type of service entrance wires, raceways and equipment. In designing building load. It is essential to consider the simultaneity factor (demand factor) to determine the energy consumption of the building. Use the following table: Approximate Values for simultaneity factors to consumers Demand Values for rough estimating Load (in Office Type of Structure System Residentials Industrial Hospitals 2 Building W/m ) 0.70-0.90 Office Buildings Lighting 0.80-0.90 0.95 0.70-0.90 50 - 100 Note: 0.10-0.25 Hospitals Outlets 0.20-0.40 0.10 0.10-0.20 120 - 50 * in W per unit HVAC Laboratories (including 0.70-0.90 0.80-1.0 ** in W per Diner 100 - 350 cages) 0.80-1.0 Heating 0.80-1.0 0.80-1.0 0.80-1.0 0.90-1.0 Housing Refrigeration 0.80-1.0 0.90-1.0 0.90-1.0 4-6* 0.60-0.80 Kitchens Retail (department stores, 0.60-0.75 0.60-0.75 0.60-0.60 50 - 60 etc) 0.60-0.70 Elevators 0.50-0.70 0.30-0.90 0.80-1.0 Computer Labs Hoisting Equipment 0.80-0.90 400 - 800 0.30-0.60 Commercial Kitchen Others 0.30-0.40 0.35-0.45 0.60-0.85 400 - 700** 0.30-0.60 Total 0.70-0.80 0.30-0.70 0.60-0.80 Depth below site surface for buried connections (according to DIN 18012 European Standard) Land Surface 35 - 60 cm

note (for encoding): minimum spacing for meter center (fig 8.18,pg 342) minimum spacing for mvsg (fig 8.19,pg 343) proper installation requirement for indoor oil immerse type xformer (fig 8.22,pg 345) minimum spacing for xformer (fig 8.3,pg 346)

50 - 100 cm

communications supply gas supply 60 - 100 cm

60 - 80 cm high voltage supply

district heat supply 120 - 150 cm water supply

5. Settings / ratings of overcurrent devices. For items 2 to 5 consider the following: a. The maximum allowable voltage drop per wire. Table 2: Maximum Allowable voltage drops (percent) Portion of Distribution System

For Lighting and Power Load

For Electrical Heating

For Power Only

1

1

2

1

1

3

3

1

3

5

3

8

Service Entrance to panelboard Feeder to distribution center Branch circuit to connected load Overall maximum voltage drop

b. Size and installation of wire b.1 See Single Family Dwelling computation below for proper wire sizing. Use the following guidelines: o

b.1.1 The allowable ampacity of conductors is reduced at ambient temperatures higher than 88 F (NEC Wire Ampacity Table 2), and also when more than 3 conductors are installed in the raceway. Sample: Two Sets of 120/208-volt, 3Ø, four wire distribution system feeders are installed in a common conduit that passes through a boiler room with a maximum ambient temperature of 102 oF. The demand current of Feeder 1 is calculated to be 100A, and that for Feeder 2 is 50A. Determine the feeder sizes based on 90oC copper wires (cables), and select the common conduit size. Assume selected feeders are type THHN copper. Answer: There are four wires in each set of feeders, or eight for Feeders 1 and 2. Theoretically, the neutral conductor may not carry any current if the load is balanced between Phases A, B, and C. However, recent design practices have to treat the neutral conductor as a current-carrying conductor, due to the third harmonics of inductive loads such as PC and electronic appliances. From NEC Table 3, a correcting (derating) factor of 0.7 must be applied. The ambient temperature in the boiler room is 102oF; thus, a correction (derating) factor of 0.91 nuts be applied for the 90oC rated wires (cable) (see NEC Table 2). The overall derating factor for ampacity is 0.70 x 0.91 = 0.637; thus, Feeder 1 must be selected for 100A / 0.637 = 157A, and Feeder 2 must be selected for 50A / 0.637 = 78.5A. From NEC Table 1, Feeder 1 must be a minimum size of 1/0 AWG, which is rated for 170A under normal condition, and Feeder 2 must be a minimum size of No. 4 AWG. From NEC Table 5 No. 1/0 THHN cable has 0.1893 sq.in. of cross-sectional area, and that for No. 4 cable is 0.0845 sq.in. The total cross-sectional area of all the cables is: [{(4) x 0.1893} + {(4) x 0.0845}] = 1.160 sq.in. Based on the maximum 40% fill rule, the conduit must have a minimum cross-sectional area of 1.160 / 40 percent or 2.9 sq.in. From NEC Table 4 a 1 1/2 inch conduit has a cross-sectional area of 2.04 sq.in. Thus, the next larger size 2-inch conduit having a cross-sectional area of 3.36 sq.in must be used. b.1.2 The installation of wires (or cables) in raceway is strictly regulated. Generally, no more than 40% of the cross sectional area of the raceway can be filled with wires or cables. The limitation is necessary for 2 reasons: I. To prevent excessive heat build-up. All wires have resistances and impedances that creates loss that turns into heat and, if unabated, may cause the breakdown of the insulation material or even a fire. II. To permit the physical installation of wires. Wires in conduits must be pulled into the conduits by special tools. A clear space must be provided for the wires to be pulled in easily, without damage. b.1.3 When the raceway (conduit) is too long or contains too many bends, pull box must be installed at the location to facilitate the pulling of conductors into the raceway. I. For Angle or U Pull Box: For boxes where the conductors are pulled at an angle or in a "U" condition, the distance between each conduit entry inside the box, and the opposite wall of the box should not be less than six times the trade diameter of the largest conduit , and the distance must be increased for additional conduit entries by the amount of the sum of the diameter of all other conduit entries on the same wall of the box . the distance between the conduit entries should not be less than six times the trade diameter of the largest raceway .

L1

25mm

L2 40mm

25mm

40mm

Sample: The 40mm diameter conduit is the largest therefore: L1 = 6 x 40mm + (25mm + 25mm) = 290 mm (minimum) L2 = 6 x 40mm + (25mm) = 265mm (minimum) D = 6 x 40mm = 240mm (minimum) where D = distance between raceway entries enclosing the same conductor

II. For Straight Pull: In straight pulls, the length of the box should not be less than eight times the trade diameter of the largest conduit . The depth of the box should be sufficient enough to permit installation of the largest lock nut and bushing of the conduit including the spacing between the adjacent conduit entries. 25mm dia Sample: The 40mm diameter conduit is the largest therefore: L = 40mm x 8 = 320mm H = whatever height necessary to provide proper installation of the conduit locknuts and H bushing within the enclosure. 40mm

L b.1.4 When the conductors need to be spliced, a junction box is required. No conductor is allowed to have splice within a raceway other than at the junction boxes or within equipment enclosures. b.2 with respect to voltage drop Use the following computation in determining the voltage drop CM = (25 x I x L) / Vdrop (based on NEC computation) where: CM = circular mil I = Full Load current (100%) L = Length (in feet) V drop = Voltage Drop (see table 2 for reference) Sample: Panelboard LP A @ 100% load: 117.76 Amperes Distance from Panelboard to EE room: 80 meters CM = (25 x I x L) / Vdrop where : I = 117.76 A L = 80m(100cm / m)(1 in / 2.54cm)(I ft / 12in) = 262.47feet V drop (set at 5%) = 240 x 0.05 = 12.0v CM = (25 x 117.76 x 262.47) / 12.0 = 64,392.64 CM 2 A = d finding d d = sq.rt (64392.64) = 253.76 = 253.76 CM (1in / 1000mils)(25.4mm/in) = 6.445 mm A = 3.1416 x (6.445)2 / 4 safe A = 32.63 mm2 or 38 mm2 therefore Use 1 set of 3 #38mm2 and 1 #22mm2 THHN in 40Ø IMC NUMBER OF DISCONNECTING MEANS: The service disconnecting means for each set or for each sub-set of service entrance conductors shall consist of not more than six switches or six circuit breaker mounted in a single enclosure, in a group of separate enclosures, or on a switchboard. LOCATION: The service disconnecting means shall be installed either inside or outside of a building or other structure at a readily accessible location nearest to the point of entrance of the service entrance conductor. RATING: The service disconnecting means shall have a rating not less than the load to be carried. IN NO CASE SHALL THE RATING BE LOWER THAN SPECIFIED THROUGH: a. ONE CIRCUIT INSTALLATION - The service disconnecting means shall have a rating of not less than 15 amperes. b. TWO CIRCUIT INSTALLATION - The service disconnecting means shall have a rating of not less than 30 amperes. c. ONE FAMILY DWELLING - The service disconnecting means shall have a rating of not less than 100 amperes, 3 wire under either of the following conditions: 1. Where the initial computed loads is 10 KW or more: 2. Where the initial installations consist of six or more 2 wire branch circuit. d. ALL OTHERS - for all other installations the service disconnecting means shall have a rating of not less than 60 amperes. Note: - The service disconnecting means shall simultaneously disconnect all ungrounded conductors and shall be capable of being closed on a fault to or greater than the maximum available short-circuit current. - The service entrance conductors shall have a short-circuit protective device in each underground conductors. - Fuses shall have an interrupting rating not less than the maximum available short circuit current in the circuit at their supply terminals. - Circuit Breakers shall be free to open in case the circuit is closed in the overload. Circuit Breakers shall have an interrupting rating no less than the maximum available short-circuit at its terminals. ELECTRICAL WIRING DESIGN OF A SINGLE FAMILY DWELLING Principles: 1. Secure the architectural plan of the building to be lighted. 2. Determine the loads and systems to be provided like air-conditioning units, electric range, washing machine and other appliances. 3. Determine the location and concentration of loads and specify the location of electrical devices, appliances and controls in the architectural plan., 4. Determine the number of branch circuits conductors to be provided. Compute their corresponding sizes basing from the known electrical loads. 5. Determine the number and rating of feeders for lightning and power. 6. Determine the rating and sizes of the service equipment and service entrance. 7. Draw the wiring diagram. Make the location plan. Write the specification and draw the symbols and legends used. 8. Estimate the cost of the project. LOADS AND SYSTEMS TO BE PROVIDED IN A SINGLE FAMILY DWELLING: Branch circuits and feeder calculations (Article 3.3 of P.E.C) 1. General Lightning Load: Read rule 3.3.1.2 (b) Use table 3.3.1.2 (b) 2. Small Appliances: Read rule 3.3.1.3 (b) And rule 3.1.2.7 (b) 3. Cooking Range: Read rule 3.1.2.1 (b) And rule 3.3.2.10 Use Table 3.3.2.10 4. Clothes Dryer: Read rule 3.3.2.9 Use table 3.3.2.9 5. Laundry Loads: Read rule 3.3.2.7 (b) Read rule 3.3.1.3 © 6. Water Pump (motor): Read article 6.6 Use table 6.6.12.2 Tables 6.6.12.3 Tables 6.6.12.4 7. Air Conditioning Units: Read article 6.7 Section 6.6.2 8. Permissible loads: Read rule 3.1.2.5 9. Fixed Appliances: Read rule 3.3.2.8 10. Standard sizes of overcurrent protections: Read rule 4.5.1.5 11. Feeder Neutral Load: Read rule 3.3.2.13 12. Sizes and ampacity of conductor Use table 5.3.2.4 13. Sizes of Conduit: Use table 12.1.1.3 (a to c)

page 52 page 53 page 55 and rule 3.3.2.7 (a) page 57 page 48 page 45 page 58 page 59 page 57 page 58 for demand factor page 57 page 55 pages 335-370; section 6.6.2 page 344 page 366 for single phase motors page 367 For two and three motor page 366 page 371-380 same as motors page 47 page 57 page 151 page 58 page 182 page 678 to 680

SINGLE FAMILY DWELLING DESIGN Design a single family dwelling with the following electrical loads: small appliance load = 3000 watts Note: 1 - 12 kw electric range The area of the dwelling unit is 150 square meters 1 - 2.5 kw water heater 2 - 1Hp ACU 1 - 1/2 Hp ACU

1 - 5kw washing machine Using conventional method (Area method), design the electrical system. Computations: 2

2

For General Lighting load (150m ) x (24 W/m ) For small appliance load compute load without electric range Application of Demand Factors First 3000 at 100% demand factor Excess of 3000VA (6600-3000) at 35% Other Loads: Electric Range washing Machine Two 1 Hp air conditioning unit (2 x 8 x 230) water Heater One 1/2 Hp ACU (4.9 x 230) 25% of largest motor (0.25 x 8 x 230) Total Computed load with electric range

= =

3,600.00 3,000.00 6,600.00

= =

3,000.00 1,260.00 4,260.00

= = = = = =

8,000.00 5,000.00 3,680.00 2,500.00 1,127.00 460.00 25,027.00

Main Feeder full load current: IL = 25027 / 230 = 108.81 amperes For Main Feeder service entrance conductor: 2 Use 2 - 38mm THW copper conductor (minimum) Use 125A , 250V, 2 pole Circuit Breaker, 300AF For Service neutral conductor: IN = 70% (108.81) = 78.17 amperes 2

Use 1 - 22mm THW copper conductor Size of Conduit: Use 32mm phase rigid steel conduit (RSC) Load Schedule Circuit No.

L.O.

1

10

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

10

C.O

8 8

Load Description

Switch

Power

Voltage

Current

Amp trip

Amp Frame

Circuit No.

Conductor

Poles

Conduit

10 - 40 w Fluorescent Lamp

10

400w

230v

1.74

15

30

1

2.0 mm2

2

15mm phase RSC

8 - 40 watts 8 - 180 watts 8 - 180 watts 1 - 12kw Electric Range 1 - 5kw Washing Machine 1 Hp - ACU 1 Hp - ACU 1 Hp - ACU One 1/2Hp ACU

10

320w 1440w 1440w 12000w 5000w

230v 230v 230v 230v 230v 230v 230v 230v 230v

1.39 6.26 6.26 52.17 21.74 8.00 8.00 8.00 4.90

15 15 20 20 60 30 20 20 20

30 30 30 100 60 30 30 30 30

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

2.0 mm 2 3.5 mm 3.5 mm2 14 mm2 5.5 mm2 2 3.5 mm 2 3.5 mm 3.5 mm2 3.5. mm2

2

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

15mm phase RSC 15mm phase RSC 15mm phase RSC 20mm phase RSC 15mm phase RSC 15mm phase RSC 15mm phase RSC 15mm phase RSC 15mm phase RSC

Design the electrical system of a single family with one hundred sq meters (100 sq. m) and with the following connected loads: 2 small appliances at 1500 w each One 15 kw electric range One 4.5 kw electric range One 1.2kw washing machine One 5kw clothes dryer Two 1.5Hp ACU One 3/4 Hp ACU Compute for the size of the feeder and the main circuit breaker Computations: General Lightning Load (100sqm (24w / sqm) Small Appliance Load = 2(1500) total computed load without fixed appliances Application of Demand factor: First 3000 w at 100% demand factor excess at 35% demand factor total computed load without fixed appliances Other load: One 15kw Electric range = 8 + 8(15-12)5% One 4.5kw oven = 4.5(80%) One 1.2kw washing machine One 5kw clothes dryer total computed load without ACU computed current, I = 22840 / 230 Two 1 1/2 Hp ACU = 2(10) One 3/4 Hp ACU Plus 25% of the full load current of highest motor total load current Maximum Ampacity of subfeeder circuit: I = 125% (128.7) + 25%(10) Therefore: Use: 2 - 60mm2 THW Note: 125% is for safety allowance Subfeeder neutral conductor (line to line voltage 230): small appliance load electric range = 9200 (70%) oven = 3600 (70%) clothes dryer = 5000 (70%) total load Neutral current I = 15490 w / 230 v I = 67.22 (125%)

= =

2,400.00 3,000.00 5,400.00

= =

3,000.00 840.00 3,840.00

= = = =

9,200.00 3,600.00 1,200.00 5,000.00 22,840.00 99.30 20.0 A 6.90 A 2.50 101.80

=

=

163.38 A

= = = =

3,000.00 6,440.00 2,550.00 3,500.00 15,490.00

= =

67.22 A 84.00 A

2 - 60mm2 THW copper conductor 1 - 30mm2 THW copper conductor conduit size: 1 - 40mm dia Rigid Steel Conductor (RMC) Size of Circuit Breaker : Use 175A / 200AF, 250, 2 pole Use:

Wiring Design Computation for Feeder (6-dwelleing units) General Lighting = 6 (100m2) (24 w/m2) Small Appliance load = 6 (2)(1500) Computed Load for gen lighting & small appliance Application of demand factor: First 3000w at 100% demand factor Excess at 35% demand factor Net computed load Other Loads 6 - 15kw E.R = 21 + (15-12)(5%)(21) 6 - 4.5 kw oven = 6(4.5)(0.43) 6 - 5 kw clothes dryer = 6(5)(70%) 6 - 1.2 kw washing machine Computed load without A.C.U

= = =

14,400.00 18,000.00 32,400.00

= =

3,000.00 10,290.00 13,290.00

= = = = =

24,150.00 11,610.00 21,000.00 7,200.00 77,250.00

Current I = 77250 w / 230v 6 - 1.5 Hp ACU = 2(6)(10) 6 - 3/4 Hp ACU = 6(6.9) plus 25% of full load current of highest motor of the 6 units = (lo)(25%) feeder load current minimum ampacity of circuit conductor I = 125% (499.17) + 25%(10) number of conductor size available = 626.46 / 2 use 4 - 200mm2 THW (2 conductors in parallel) minimum ampacity of feeder neutral conductor IN = 313.23(70%) = 219.26A Another computation for feeder neutral: small appliance load = 6(2)(1500) application of demand factor first 3000 w at 100% demand factor excess at 35% demand factor 35%(18000-3000) other loads: electric range = 24150 (70%) oven = 11610 (70%) clothes dryer = 21000 (70%) total neutral current feeder neutral current = 47982 / 230 application of demand factor: 200A at 100% demand factor excess at 70% demand factor = 8.6(70%) feeder neutral current for safety allowance IN = 125%(206.02) = 257.52

= = =

335.87 120.00 1.40

=

2.50 499.17

=

626.46

=

313.23

=

18,000.00

= =

3,000.00 5,250.00

= = = =

16,905.00 8,127.00 14,700.00 47,982.00 208.60

= = =

200.00 6.02 206.02

128.70 A

Therefore: use : 4 - 200mm2 THW copper conductor 1 - 125mm2 THW copper conductor conduit : use 2 - 80mm dia RSC Maximum ampacity of feeder circuit overcurrent protective device: use 600AT / 1000AF, 250V circuit breaker Note : Washing machine may be included in small appliance load, however, washing machine is not included in other loads to reduce size of conductor.

ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS DESIGN OF COMMERCIAL BUILDING Less than 400 sq. ft - Provide at least 1 convenience outlet for every 20 ft (6 meters). First 400 sq. ft or 37 sq. m----------------------------------------------4 convenience outlet Additional 400 sq. ft------------------------------------------------------2 convenience outlet Fraction--------------------------------------------------------------------2 convenience outlet LOAD SCHEDULES Panel Board LPA Ckt. No.

Circuit Breaker Rating

Load Description

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

F 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50

T 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15

P 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

100w 10 8 8 8 8 8 5 9

16

50

15

2

10

17 18 19 20 21

50 50 50 50 50

15 15 15 15 15

2 2 2 2 2

Spare Spare Spare Spare Space

40w

4

Switches S1 4

1 3

S2 1 1 1 1 1 1

S3

S3w

Phase Current B 4.35 3.48

3.48 3.48 3.89 3.91

1 3 2 4

5.16 4.78

1 1

4.35 3.48

12 8 8

BC

3.48 3.48

12 11 10 8

C

5.16 3.48

3 2

3.48

1

1

4.35 10 10 10 10 Total

34.27

S3w 7

Phase Current B 4.4 3.9

34.73

34.79

C

BC

No., type and size of wire Diameter of 2 RSC ( TW / mm ) 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 Stub out Stub out Stub out Stub out Stub out

Panel Board LPB Ckt. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Circuit Breaker Rating F 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50

T 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15

Load Description P 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

100w 10 9 6 9 9 12 10 9 8 10 10 10 Spare Spare Spare Space

40w

Switches S1

S2

S3 1

1

1

1 1 2 1

2 2

2.6 3.9

1 1 1 1

3.9 5.2 4.4 4.4 3.5 4.4

1 1 1

4.4 4.4 10 10 10 Total

27.1

24.4

27.9

Panel Board LPC

Ckt. No.

Circuit Breaker Rating

Load Description

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

F 50 50 50 50 50 50 50

T 15 15 15 15 15 15 15

P 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

8 9 10

50 50 50

15 15 15

2 2 2

C.O 180 VA 6 6 6 6 7 7 6 Spare Spare Space Total

Phase Current AB 4.70 4.70

CA

BC

No., type and size of wire ( Diameter of RSC TW / mm2) 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 Stub Out Stub Out

4.70 4.70 5.48 5.48 4.70 10.00 10.00 24.10

19.40

15 15 15 15 15 15 15

10.96

Panel Board LPD

Ckt. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Circuit Breaker Rating F 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50

T 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15

Load Description P 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

C.O 180 VA 7 6 6 6 6 6 Spare Spare Total

Phase Current AB 5.48 4.70

CA

BC

No., type and size of wire ( Diameter of RSC TW / mm2) 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 Stub Out Stub Out

4.70 4.70 4.70 4.70 10.00 20.18

10.00 19.40

15 15 15 15 15 15

9.40

Panel Board PPA

Ckt. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

Circuit Breaker Rating F 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50

T 20 20 20 20 20 30 20 20 20 20 20 30 20 20 30 20 30 20 20 20 20

Load Description P 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 2

C.O 180 VA 1 - HP ACU 1 - HP ACU 1 - HP ACU 1 - HP ACU 1.5 - HP ACU 1 - HP ACU 1 - HP ACU 1 - HP ACU 1 - HP ACU 1 - HP ACU 1 - HP ACU 1.5 - HP ACU 1 - HP ACU 1 - HP ACU 1 - HP ACU 1 - HP ACU 3 - HP ACU Spare Spare Spare Spare Total

Phase Current AB 8.00 8.00

CA

BC

3Ø

8.00 8.00 10.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 10.00 8.00 8.00 10.00 8.00 9.60 10.00 10.00 10.00 58.00

10.00 60.00

56.00

9.60

No., type and size of 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 2 - 3.5 Stub out Stub out Stub out Stub out

Diameter of RSC 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15

No., type and size of wire Diameter of RSC ( TW / mm2) 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 Stub out Stub out Stub out

Panel Board PPB Circuit Breaker Rating

Ckt. No.

F 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

T 30 30 30 30 30 30 20 20 30 30 20 20 30 20 20 20 20 30 30 30 30

Load Description C.O 180 VA 1.5 - HP ACU 1.5 - HP ACU 2 - HP ACU 2 - HP ACU 1.5 - HP ACU 1.5 - HP ACU 1 - HP ACU 1 - HP ACU 1.5 - HP ACU 1.5 - HP ACU 1 - HP ACU 1 - HP ACU 2 - HP ACU 1 - HP ACU 1 - HP ACU 1 - HP ACU 1 - HP ACU Spare Spare Spare Spare

P 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Total

Phase Current AB 10.00 10.00

CA

BC

12.00 12.00 10.00 10.00 8.00 8.00 10.00 10.00 8.00 8.00 12.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 10.00 10.00 10.00 100.00

10.00 54.00

No., type and size of wire ( Diameter of RSC TW / mm2) 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 2 - 3.5 15 Stub out Stub out Stub out Stub out

46.00

Main Distribution Panel MDP Panel

Ckt. No.

Phase Current

Designation LPA LPB LPC LPD PPA PPB Spare Spare

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Total

AB 34.27 26.52 24.10 20.18 58.00 66.00 0.00 0.00 229.07

CA 34.79 27.83 10.96 9.40 56.00 64.00 0.00 0.00 202.98

BC 34.73 24.35 19.40 19.40 60.00 70.00 0.00 0.00 227.88

No., type and size of wire 3Ø 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 9.60

2

(mm ) 3 - 22 - TW 3 - 14 - THW 3 - 14 - THW 3 - 14 - TW 3 - 38 - THW 3 - 50 - THW

Diameter of RSC 28 25 25 25 32 40

Computations I 3ØE Allowance 20% MATCC Use :

= 9.6 + 1.73(229.01) = 406.26 A = 1.20 (406.26) = 487.50 A = 406.26 + 1.73(0.25)(12) = 411.45 3 - 325 mm2 THW (435 / 411.45 A) RS and 80mmØ 50mmØ 6 - 100 mm2 THW (220 / 205.73A) 2 40mmØ 9 - 50mm THW (145 / 137A)

If exceeds 267 A initial load, 50% Allowance

MROFCCPD = 30 + 1.73(229.01-12) + 9.6 = 415.47A (1.2) = 498 A Use : 500 AT / 600AF, 3P, ACB Type LA Panel Board LPA No., type and size of wire Diameter of RSC (mm2)

Design Computation

Ckt. No.

Phase Current I

AT

AF

1

10 (100) / 230 = 4.35A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

2

8(100) / 230 = 3.48A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

3

8(100) / 230 = 3.48A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

4

8(100) / 230 = 3.48A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

5

8(100) / 230 = 3.48A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

I 3ØE = 1.73 (34.79) = 60.26A

6

8(100) / 230 = 3.48A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

MAFCC = 1.25 (60.26) = 75.35A

7

5(100)/230 + 4(0.43) = 3.89

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

8

9(100) / 230 = 3.91A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

MAFCC : Minimum Ampacity of Feeder Current Conductor : at 125% of Full Load Current MROFCOPD : Maximum Rating of Feeder Circuit Over Current Protective Device LPA

use : 3 - 30mm2 TW (90 / 75.33A) or 3 - 22mm2 THW (85 / 75.33A)

9

12(0.43) = 5.16A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

10

11(100) / 230 = 4.78A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

11

10(100) / 230 = 4.35A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

12

8(100) / 230 = 3.48A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

I 3ØE = 1.73 (27.83) = 48.20 A

13

12(0.43) = 5.16A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

MAFCC = 1.25 (48.20) = 60.25A

14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21

8(100) / 230 = 3.48A 8(100) / 230 = 3.49A 10(100) / 230 = 4.35A Spare = 10 Spare = 10 Spare = 10 Spare = 10 Space

2 - 3.5 - TW 2 - 3.5 - TW 2 - 3.5 - TW 2 - 3.5 - TW 2 - 3.5 - TW 2 - 3.5 - TW 2 - 3.5 - TW 2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00 15.00 15.00 Stub Out Stub Out Stub Out Stub Out

15 15 15

50 50 50

use : 3 - 22mm2 TW (70 / 60.25A) or 3 - 14mm2 THW (65 / 60.25) MRCFCOPD : 70 AT / 100AF; 3P

No., type and size of wire Diameter of RSC (mm2) 2 - 3.5 - TW 15.00

Phase Current I

1

10(100) / 230 = 4.35A

2

9(100) / 230 = 3.91A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

3

6(100) / 230 = 2.61A

2 - 3.5 - TW

4

9(100) / 230 = 3.91A

5

LPB

I 3ØE MAFCC use or MRCFCOPD

= 1.73(24.10) = 41.74 = 1.25 (41.74) = 52.18A : 3 - 14mm2 TW (55 / 52.18) A 3 - 14mm2 THW (65 / 52.18) A : 50 AT / 50 AF, 3P, ACB Type EB

AF

15

50

I 3ØE = 1.73(20.18) = 34.95

15

50

MAFCC = 1.25 (34.95) = 43.69 A

15.00

15

50

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

9(100) / 230 = 3.91A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

6

12(100) / 230 = 5.22A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

7

10(100) / 230 = 4.35A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

8

9(100) / 230 = 3.91A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

I 3ØE = 1.73(20.18) = 34.95

9

8(100) / 230 = 3.48A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

MAFCC = 1.25 (34.95) = 43.69 A

10

10(100) / 230 = 4.35A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

11

10(100) / 230 = 4.35A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

12 13 14 15 16

10(100) / 230 = 4.35A Spare = 10 Spare = 10 Spare = 10 Space

2 - 3.5 - TW 2 - 3.5 - TW 2 - 3.5 - TW 2 - 3.5 - TW 2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00 Stub Out Stub Out Stub Out Stub Out

15

50

No., type and size of wire Diameter of RSC (mm2) 2 - 3.5 - TW 15.00

Phase Current I 6(180) / 230 = 4.7A

2

6(180) / 230 = 4.7A

2 - 3.5 - TW

3

6(180) / 230 = 4.7A

2 - 3.5 - TW

4

6(180) / 230 = 4.7A

2 - 3.5 - TW

5

7(180) / 230 = 5.48A

6

7(180) / 230 = 5.48A

7

6(180) / 230 = 4.7A

8 9 10

Spare = 10 Spare = 10 Space

RSOR: 32 mm Ø RSC 25 mm Ø RSC

RSOR: 25 mm Ø RSC 25 mm Ø RCP

LPD

use : 3 - 14mm2 TW (55 / 43.69) A or 3 - 8mm2 THW (45 / 43.69) A

RSOR: 25 mm Ø RSC 25 mm Ø RSC

MRCFCOPD : 50 AT / 50 AF, 3P PPA

use : 3 - 14mm2 TW (55 / 43.69) A or 3 - 8mm2 THW (45 / 43.69) A

RSOR: 25 mm Ø RSC 25 mm Ø RSC

MRCFCOPD : 50 AT / 50 AF, 3P PPB I 3ØE = 1.73(70) = 121.4 A MAFCC = 121.24 + 0.25(1.73)(12) = 126.44A use : 3 - 60mm2 TW (135 / 126.44) A or 3 - 50mm2 THW (145 / 126.44) A

Panel Board LPC

1

25 mm Ø RSC

MRCFCOPD : 70 AT / 100AF; 3P, ACB Molded Case Type EB

AT

Ckt. No.

32 mm Ø RSC

LPC

Panel Board LPB Ckt. No.

RSOR:

AT

AF

15

50

15.00

15

50

15.00

15

50

15.00

15

50

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

2 - 3.5 - TW 2 - 3.5 - TW 2 - 3.5 - TW

Stub Out Stub Out Stub Out

RSOR: 40 mm Ø RSC 40 mm Ø RCP

MRCFCOPD : 30 + 1.73(70 - 12) = 130.46A use : 125 AT / 225AF, 3P, ACB Type, Molded Case Type CA / CAB MPB - Main Panel Board I 3ØE = 9.6 + 1.73(229.01) = 406.26A Allowance 20% = 1.20 (406.26) = 487.5A MAFCC = 406.26 + 0.25(1.73)(12) = 411.45A or = 9.6 + 1.73(229.01 - 12) + 1.25(12)(1.73) = 411.25A use: 3 - 325 mm2 THW RSOR: 80 mm Ø RSC 6 - 100 mm2 THW 50 mm Ø 9 - 50mm 2 THW 40 mm Ø MROFCOPD : 30 + 1.73(229.01- 12) + 9.6 = 415.47A x 1.2 = 498.57A use: 500 AT / 600AF, 3P, ACB Type LA

Panel Board LPD No., type and size of wire Diameter of RSC (mm2)

Ckt. No.

Phase Current I

AT

AF

1

7(180) / 230 = 5.48A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

2

6(180) / 230 = 4.7A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

3

6(180) / 230 = 4.7A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

4

6(180) / 230 = 4.7A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

5

6(180) / 230 = 4.7A

2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00

15

50

6 7 8

6(180) / 230 = 4.7A Spare = 10 Spare = 10

2 - 3.5 - TW 2 - 3.5 - TW 2 - 3.5 - TW

15.00 Stub Out Stub Out

15

50

Panel Board PPA Ampere

Ampere

Current

Trip

1

1 HP = 8A

2.5(8) = 20

Frame 50

2

8

20

3

8

20

Ckt. No.

Full Load

Max Ampacity of Motor Br. Ckt. Conductor

No, Type and Size of wire

Size of Conduit mmØ

1.25(8) = 10

2 - 3.5 - TW

15

50

1.25(8) = 10

2 - 3.5 - TW

15

50

10.00

2 - 3.5 - TW

15

4

8

20

50

10.00

2 - 3.5 - TW

15

5

10

2.5(10)=25 or 30

50

1.25(10) = 12.5

2 - 3.5 - TW

15

6

8

20

50

10.00

2 - 3.5 - TW

15

7

8

20

50

10.00

2 - 3.5 - TW

15

8

8

20

50

10.00

2 - 3.5 - TW

15

2 - 3.5 - TW

15

9

8

20

50

10.00

10

8

20

50

10.00

2 - 3.5 - TW

15

11

8

20

50

10.00

2 - 3.5 - TW

15

12

10

30

50

12.50

2 - 3.5 - TW

15

13

8

20

50

10.00

2 - 3.5 - TW

15

2 - 3.5 - TW

15

14

8

20

50

10.00

15

10

30

50

12.50

2 - 3.5 - TW

15

16

8

20

50

10.00

2 - 3.5 - TW

15

17

9.6

2.5(9.6)=24 or 30

50

1.25(9.6) = 12

2 - 3.5 - TW

15

18

10

30

50

12.50

2 - 3.5 - TW

15

19 20 21

10 10 10

30 30 30

50 50 50

12.50 12.50 12.50

2 - 3.5 - TW 2 - 3.5 - TW 2 - 3.5 - TW

15 15 15

Full Load

Max Ampacity of Motor Br. Ckt. Conductor

No, Type and Size of wire

Size of Conduit mmØ

1.25(8) = 10

2 - 3.5 - TW

15

Panel Board PPB Ampere

Ampere

Current

Trip

1

10

30

Frame 50

2

10

30

50

1.25(8) = 10

2 - 3.5 - TW

15

3

12

30

50

10.00

3 - 3.5 - TW

15

4 - 3.5 - TW

15

5 - 3.5 - TW

15

6 - 3.5 - TW

15

Ckt. No.

4

12

30

50

10.00

5

10

30

50

1.25(10) = 12.5

6 7

8

20

50

10.00

7 - 3.5 - TW

15

8

8

20

50

10.00

8 - 3.5 - TW

15

9

8

20

50

10.00

9 - 3.5 - TW

15

10

8

20

50

10.00

10 - 3.5 - TW

15

11

8

20

50

10.00

11 - 3.5 - TW

15

12

10

30

50

12.50

12 - 3.5 - TW

15

13

8

20

50

10.00

13 - 3.5 - TW

15

14

8

20

50

10.00

14 - 3.5 - TW

15

15

10

30

50

12.50

15 - 3.5 - TW

15

16 - 3.5 - TW

15

16

8

20

50

10.00

17

9.6

2.5(9.6)=24 or 30

50

1.25(9.6) = 12

17 - 3.5 - TW

15

18

10

30

50

12.50

18 - 3.5 - TW

15

19 20 21

10 10 10

30 30 30

50 50 50

12.50 12.50 12.50

19 - 3.5 - TW 20 - 3.5 - TW 21 - 3.5 - TW

15 15 15

A LPA Details B C A

A

LPB Details B C

B

C

LPC Details

1

2

1

2

3

4

3

4

5

6

5

6

7

8

7

8

9

10

9

10

11

12 11

13

14 13

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

12

A

14 15

16 15

17

18

19 20

LPD Details B C

1

2

3

4

5

6

7 8

PPA Details A

B

PPB Details

C

A

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

B

C

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19 20 21

RISER DIAGRAM

PPB

LPD

LPB GND Service Drop 3Ø, 3 -wire 230V, 60 Hz

WG GND GND

PPA

LPC

LPA

MDP

M

Service KWHR Meter (By others)

WIRE GUTTER

Riser : Single Line Diagram (Not to Scale) Required Grounding conductor is No. 50mm 2 THW 3# - 325mm2 THW in 80mm Ø RSCP (ungrounded conductor) GROUNDING ELECTRODE CONDUCTOR FOR AC SYSTEM: Size of Largest Service 2

Minimum Size of grounding Conductor / Equipment:

Size of Grounding Electrode 2

Entrance Copper (mm )

Conductor Copper (mm )

38 or smaller 38 - 50 60 - 80 80 - 200 200 - 325 325 - 500

8 14 22 30 50 60

Rating of Over Current Protective Device

Size of mm2 copper

15 20 30 40 60 100 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1600 2000 2500 3000 4000

2 3.5 5.5 5.5 5.5 8 14 30 38 50 60 80 100 125 200 200 250

Service Entrance Adequacy Standards Conductor Size Initial Load Service (A) Switch (A) AWG mm2 1 - 23 60 8 8 24 - 33 60 6 14 34 - 47 100 4 22 48 - 60 100 2 30 61 - 67 100 1 38 68 - 83 200 110 50 84 - 100 200 210 60 101 - 117 200 310 80 118 - 133 200 410 100 134 - 152 400 410 100 153 - 167 400 250 125 168 - 183 400 300 150 184 - 200 400 350 175 201 - 217 400 400 200 218 - 267 400 500 250

2

50mm

SOLID NEUTRAL COPPER BAR No. 38mm2 Bare Copper wire / insulated UNGROUNDED CONDUCTOR

GROUNDING CONNECTOR

MDP

ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS DESIGN OF AN INDUSTRIAL PLANT Maximum Number of Outlets Required: ………………………………………………………….…………………………...………...……….. Manufacturing Spaces 6 ………………………………………………………….…………………………...………...……….. Storage Spaces 6 ………………………………………………………….…………………………...………...……….. Offices 8 ……………………………...…………….. For every 40 watts fluorescent lamp, the input power (high power factor ballast) 52 watts ……………………………...…………….. For every 40 watts fluorescent lamp, the current drawn by the ballast is 0.43 current ……………………………...…………….. For ordinary 20 watts fluorescent lamp, the current drawn by the ballast is 0.23 current ……………………………...………………………..………...…..…… For every convenience outlet (duplex), the power is 180 volt amp Note: Provide at least one spare branch circuit for every five branch circuits. …………………………………………………………..………………. Maximum Ampacity of Motor (Branch circuit conductor) 1.25 Full Load current For Fused-Motors ………………………...……………………………………………………….…………………………… 3 Full Load current ……………...………..………..………………………………………… Maximum Ampere rating of the Motor Circuit Breaker 2.5 Full Load current That is for 1Ø and 3Ø motors with Full Load current less than 30 amperes ………………………………………………………………………….. Maximum Ampere rating of the Motor Circuit Breaker 2 Full Load current That is for 3Ø motors with Full Load current more than 30 amperes Note: Feeder conductors / branch circuit conductors for lighting, small appliance and similar loads shall be loaded not more than 80 of their ampacities. 1 = 1.25 0.8 LOAD SCHEDULE FOR PANEL BOARD LP

Ckt. No.

LOAD DESCRIPTION

Volts

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Duplex Convenient Outlet Duplex Convenient Outlet Duplex Convenient Outlet Duplex Convenient Outlet Duplex Convenient Outlet Duplex Convenient Outlet Freezer (5 1/4 HP each) Freezer (5 1/4 HP each) Fluorescent Lamps Fluorescent Lamps Freezer (5 1/4 HP each) Freezer (5 1/4 HP each) Fluorescent Lamps Fluorescent Lamps Fluorescent Lamp 24 I.L. Fluorescent Lamp 32 I.L. 2 Fluorescent Lamp Spare Spare Spare

230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230

Ckt. No.

Size of Homerun

Lighting Outlet

Convenience Outlet

Switch

8 8 7 6 6 6 5 5 18 14

2 6 5 5

12 11 18 18 11

2 7 8 6 5

Maximum Ampacity of the Feeder Current = 1.25 (1.73)(largest phase current) = 1.25(1.73)(53.37) = 115.546 Amperes

Wire (mm2) Conduit (mm) 1 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 2 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 3 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 4 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 5 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 6 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 7 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 8 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 9 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 10 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 11 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 12 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 13 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 14 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 15 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 16 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 17 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 18 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 19 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 20 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC LOAD SCHEDULE FOR PANEL BOARD PPA

Ckt. No.

LOAD DESCRIPTION

Volts

Phase

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

ACU, 1HP Silent Cutter, 5HP ACU, 1.5 Hp ACU, 1.5 Hp ACU, 2 Hp ACU, 2 Hp Stuffing Machine, 7.5 Hp Grinder, 10 Hp Chiller compressor, 3 Hp Seamer, 1.5 Hp Mince Master, 13 Kw Vacuum sealer, 1/2 Hp Bandsaw, 1 Hp Linker & Air comp, 2 - 1/3 Hp Plastic sealer, 2 - 300w Silent Cutter, 5HP Spare Spare

230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230

1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1

VA per circuit 1,840.00 6,440.00 2,300.00 2,300.00 2,760.00 2,760.00 8,764.00 10,755.00 3,585.00 1,992.00 19,121.00 7,970.00 1,840.00 1,656.00 600.00 6,400.00 2,300.00 2,300.00

Ampere per circuit

VA / Circuit

Ampere Load

1,440.00 1,440.00 1,260.00 1,080.00 1,080.00 1,080.00 3,335.00 3,335.00 936.00 728.00 3,335.00 3,335.00 624.00 624.00 1,448.00 1,764.00 1,144.00 2,300.00 2,300.00 2,300.00

6.26 6.26 5.48 4.70 4.70 4.70 14.50 14.50 4.07 3.16 14.50 14.50 2.71 2.71 6.30 7.67 4.97 10.00 10.00 10.00 Total

Load Per Phase AB 6.26 6.26

CA

Circuit Breaker BC

5.48 4.70 4.70 4.70 14.50 14.50 4.07 3.16 14.5 14.5 2.71 2.71 6.30 7.67 4.97 10.00

46.94

10 10 51.38

AT 20 20 20 20 20 20 30 30 20 20 30 30 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20

AP 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50

Pole 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

53.37

therefore use: - 3 - 38mm2 THW (Ampacity = 125A) - 32 mmØ RSCP - 125AT / 200AF, 3P, 250V

Load Per Phase AB 8 28

CA

8 28 10 10 12 12 22 27 9 5 48 2 8 7.2 2.6 28 10 10 Total

51.2

50.6

Ampere per circuit

AB

CA

BC

Circuit Breaker 3Ø

10 10 12 12 22 27 9 5 48 2 8 7.2 2.6 28 10 10 44

AT 20 70 30 30 30 30 50 70 20 20 100 20 20 20 20 70 30 30

AP 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 100 50 50 100 50 50 50 50 100 50 50

Size of Homerun Pole 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2

Wire (mm2) Conduit (mm) 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 2 - 8.0 TW 20Ø RSC 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 3 - 5.5 TW 15Ø RSC 3 - 8.0 TW 20Ø RSC 3 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 3 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 3 - 22 TW 25Ø RSC 3 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 2 - 8.0 TW 20Ø RSC 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSC

Pole 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Wire (mm2) Conduit (mm) 3 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSCP 3 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSCP 2 - 8.0 TW 20Ø RSCP 2 - 5.5 TW 15Ø RSCP 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSCP 2 - 5.5 TW 15Ø RSCP 2 - 5.5 TW 15Ø RSCP 2 - 5.5 TW 15Ø RSCP 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSCP 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSCP 2 - 8.0 TW 20Ø RSCP 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSCP 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSCP 2 - 3.5 TW 15Ø RSCP

113

Minimum Ampacity of the Motor Feeder Conductor = I3Ø + 1.73(largest phase current) + 0.25 (largest full load current) = 113 + 1.73(51.2) + 0.25(48) = 213.68 Amperes Wire: Use 3- 100mm2 THW Conduit: Use 50mmØ RSCP Maximum ampere rating of the Feeder Circuit Breaker: = Rating of largest C.B. + Full Load line current of the other motors = 100 + (113 - 48) + 1.73(51.2) = 253.68 Amperes Use: 250 AT / 400AF LOAD SCHEDULE FOR PANEL BOARD PPB Ckt. No.

LOAD DESCRIPTION

Volts

Phase

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Seamer, 1/2 Hp Seamer, 1/2 Hp Mixer, 5 Hp Silent Cutter, 3 Hp Freezer, 2 - 1/3 Hp Silent cutter, 3 Hp Grinder, 3 Hp Grinder, 3 Hp Slicer, 2 - 1/3 Hp Slicer, 2 - 1/3 Hp Mixer, 5 Hp Plastic Sealer, 2 - 300w Spare Spare

230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230

3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

VA per circuit 1,992.00 1,992.00 6,440.00 3,910.00 1,656.00 3,910.00 3,910.00 3,910.00 1,656.00 1,656.00 6,440.00 600.00 2,300.00 2,300.00

5 5 28 17 7.2 17 17 17 7.2 7.2 28 26 10 10 Total

Load Per Phase BC

Circuit Breaker 3Ø 5 5

28 17 7.2 17 17 17 7.2 7.2 28 26.00

59.40

78.20

10 10.00 54.00

10.00

AT 20 20 70 50 20 50 50 50 20 20 70 20 20 20

AP 50 50 100 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 100 50 50 50

Size of Homerun

MAFCC = 10 + 1.73(59.4-28) + 1.25(1.73)(28) = 126.73 Amperes Use : 3 - 50mm2 THW, 145A / 126.73 A in 40mmØ RSCP MROFCOPD = 70 + 1.73(31.4) + 10 Use : 150 AT / 200AF, 3P, 250V C.B.

= =

10+1.73*(78.2)+0.25*28*1.73 157.396

= =

(10+1.73*78.20)*1.25+0.25*28*1.73 193.7175

SUMMARY OF LOADS MDP LOAD DESCRIPTION

Volts

Phase

Total VA

LP PPA PPB Meat Cutter Meat Cutter

230 230 230 230 230

3 3 3 3 3

25,068.00 80,850.00 42,672.00 37,647.00 37,647.00 Total

Load Per Phase AB 46.94 51.20 59.40

157.54

BC 51.38 50.60 54.80

CA 53.37 44.00 54.00

156.78

151.37

Circuit Breaker Rating AT 125 113.00 250 10.00 150 118.13 250 118.13 250 359.26 3Ø

AF 200 400 200 400 400

Pole 3 3 3 3 3

Type and Size of wire

Size of Conduit

3 - 38mm2 THW 2 3 - 100mm THW 3 - 50mm2 THW 3 - 60mm2 THW 2 3 - 60mm THW

30mmØ RSCP 50mmØ RSCP 40mmØ RSCP 40mmØ RSCP 40mmØ RSCP

Note : The Efficiency of the Meat Cutter is assumed to be 85% and the power factor is assumed to be 80% 32 (1000) Meat Cutter IFL = = 118.13 1.73 (230)(0.85)(0.8) MAFCC = 1.25(118.13) =147.66 Amperes Use : 3 - 60mm2 THW, (160A / 147.66A) in 40mmØ RSCP MROFCOPD = 2(118.12) = 236.26 Amperes Use : 250AT / 400AF, 3P 250V motor branch circuit breaker MDP: Minimum Ampere = 1.73(157.54) + (359.26 - 118.13) + 1.25(118.13) = 662 Amperes Use : 2 sets of 3 - 250mm2 THW (750 / 622A), in 80mmØ RSCP Maximum ROFCOPD = 250 + (359.26 - 118.13) + 1.73(157.54) = 763.98 Amperes Use : = 800AT / 800Af, 3P 250V Main Feeder C.B. COMPUTATION PPA CKT. NO

AMPERE TRIP, AT

NONADJUSTABLE TRIP C.B

A.F

AMPERE TRIP (AT)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

2.5 x 8 = 20 A 2.5 x 28 = 70 A 2.5 x 10 = 25 A 2.5 x 10 = 25 A 2.5 x 12 = 30 A 2.5 x 12 = 30 A 2.5 x 22 = 55 A 2.5 x 27 = 67.5 A 2.5 x 9 = 22.5 A 2.5 x 5 = 12.5 A 2.5 x 48 = 96 A 2.5 x 2 = 5 A 2.5 x 8 = 20 A 2.5 x 7.2 = 18 A 2.5 x 2.6 = 6.5 A 2.5 x 28 = 70 A 2.5 x 10 = 25 A 2.5 x 10 = 25 A

20 70 30 30 30 30 50 70 20 20 100 20 20 20 20 70 30 30

50 100 50 50 50 50 50 100 50 50 100 50 50 50 50 100 50 50

1.25 x 8 = 10 A 1.25 x 28 = 35 A 1.25 x 10 = 12.5 A 1.25 x 10 = 12.5 A 1.25 x 12 = 15 A 1.25 x 12 = 15 A 1.25 x 22 = 27.5 A 1.25 x 27 = 33.75 A 1.25 x 9 = 11.25 A 1.25 x 5 = 6.25 A 1.25 x 48 = 60 A 1.25 x 2 = 2.5 A 1.25 x 8 = 10 A 1.25 x 7.2 = 9 A 1.25 x 2.6 = 3.25 A 1.25 x 28 = 35 A 1.25 x 10 = 12.5 A 1.25 x 10 = 12.5 A

LP DETAILS

A

B

C

Wire Size (mm2) 2 - 3.5 TW 2 - 8 TW 2 - 3.5 TW 2 - 3.5 TW 2 - 3.5 TW 2 - 3.5 TW 3 - 5.5 TW 3 - 8.0 TW 3 - 3.5 TW 3 - 3.5 TW 3 - 22 TW 3 - 3.5 TW 2 - 3.5 TW 2 - 3.5 TW 2 - 3.5 TW 2 - 3.5 TW 2 - 3.5 TW 2 - 3.5 TW PPA DETAILS B C A

Conduit (mm) Ø RSCP 15 20 15 15 15 15 15 20 15 15 25 15 15 15 15 15 15 15

Minimum Ampacity of the Feeder Conductor: = 1.25(1.73)(largest phase current) = 1.25(1.73)(53.37) = 115.546 Ampere Wire Use : 3 - 38mm2 THW (Ampacity = 125 A) Conduit Use : 32 mmØ RSCP Feeder Circuit Breaker for LP, use: 125 AT / 200AF, 3P, 250V Computation for AT 1.) 2.5 x 6.26 = 15.65……………. 20 3.) 2.5 x 5.43 = 13.7……………… 20 12.) 2.5 x 14.5 = 36.25…………….. 36.25 Note: Maximum no. of branch circuit in one panel board is 21.

A

PPB DETAILS B C

250AT / 400 AF, 3P 250V 125 AT / 200 AF

1

2

1

2

3

4

3

4

5

6

5

6

7

8

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

20

COMPUTATION PPB

COMPUTATION

AT

AF

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

2.5 (5) = 12.5 2.5 (5) = 12.5 2.5 (28) = 70 2.5 (17) = 42.5 2.5 (7.2) = 18 2.5 (17) = 42.5 2.5 (17) = 42.5 2.5 (17) = 42.5 2.5 (7.2) = 18 2.5 (7.2) = 18 2.5 (28) = 70 2.5 (2.60 = 6.5 Spare = 10 Spare = 10

20 20 70 50 20 50 50 50 20 20 70 20 20 20

50 50 100 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 100 50 50 50

WIRE SIZE mm2 1.25(5) = 6.25 1.25(5) = 6.25 1.25(28) = 35 1.25(17) = 21.25 1.25(7.2) = 9 1.25(17) = 21.25 1.25(17) = 21.25 1.25(17) = 21.25 1.25(7.2) = 9 1.25(7.2) = 9 1.25(28) = 35 1.25(2.6) = 3.25 1.25(10) = 12.5 1.25(10) = 12.5

2 - 3.5 TW 2 - 3.5 TW 2 - 8.0 TW 2 - 5.5 TW 2 - 3.5 TW 2 - 5.5 TW 2 - 5.5 TW 2 - 5.5 TW 2 - 3.5 TW 2 - 3.5 TW 2 - 8.0 TW 2 - 3.5 TW 2 - 3.5 TW 2 - 3.5 TW

MAFCC = 10 + 1.73(59.4 - 28) + 1.25(1.73)(28) = 126.73 Amperes Use : 3 - 50mm2 THW, 145 / 126.73A Conduit : 40 mmØ RSCP MROFCOPD = 70 + 1.73(59.4 - 28) + 10 = 134.39 Amperes Use : 150AT / 200AF, 3P 250V FCB

LOCAL RISER DIAGRAM

To 230V, 3Ø supply

2 sets of 3 - 250 mm2 THW in 80mmØ RSCP for each set 2

3 - 60mm 40mmØ RSCP

M 250AT / 400 AF LP 250 AT / 400 AF 3P, 250V

PPA

PPB

MDP

125 AT / 200AF

150 AT / 200 AF, 3P, 250V

ELECTRICAL PLAN : Specification written on an Electrical Plan should indicate: 1. That the design is done in accordance with the Philippine Electrical Code (PEC) and all electrical works shall comply with the provisions of all authorities having jurisdiction on the use of electrical power. 2. The nature of the service including voltage, phase and frequency. 3. The type of approved wiring to be used in installing service entrance, feeders, subfeeders , branch circuit conductors, remote control system, fire protection, signal and communication system. 4. All other aspects and details that the designer and the owner would want to be done in the actual construction of the project. Example: 1. Work hereunder shall comply with the latest edition of the Philippine Electrical Code, The National Building Code, Municipal or City ordinances, office of the Municipal or City Electrician, National Power Corporation and Meralco. 2. Type of service shall be 220/110V, 1 phase (single phase) , 3-wire system, 60 Hz and there shall be only one service drop to the building. 3. Method of wiring shall be in RMC for both exposed and embedded work with proper fittings and supports. In cases where concealed conduits wiring is impracticable to use metal molding may be applied. 4. All wall outlets shall be installed at the following heights above finished floor level, unless otherwise noted: a. Wall Switches 1.20 meters b. Convenience Outlet 0.30 meters c. Convenience outlet above counter 0.15 meters d. Night Light outlet 0.30 meters e. Air-conditioning outlet (to be determine by Engr. Or Arch-in-charge) f. Electrical clock outlet 2.75 meters g. Electrical interval timer outlet 2.50 meters h. Telephone Outlet 0.30 meters I. Vibrating bell outlet 0.30 meters j. Call bell outlet 0.30 meters k. Fire alarm station outlet 1.50 meters l. Fire alarm bell outlet 2.75 meters m. Master Timer programmer outlet 1.00 meters n. Master timer programmer outlet 1.00 meters o. Bundy clock outlet 1.00 meters p. Chime bell outlet 2.50 meters q. Panelboard and safety switches 1.35 meters r. Service kilowatt-hour meter 1.60 meters 5. All materials and equipment shall be new and approved type for both location and purpose intended. 6. All lightning and convenience receptacle circuit shall be wired with not less than 2mm2 and 3.5mm2 copper respectively unless otherwise indicated on the plan. 7. Lightning and power panelboard shall be circuit breaker type, surfaced or flushed mounted or as indicated in plan. Door shall be provided with locked and grilled key. A line circuit directory card and holder shall be provided on face of door. 8. Whenever required and necessary, Pull boxes and junction boxes of proper sizes shall be installed at convenient and inconspicuous locations although such boxes are not shown on the plans nor mentioned in the specifications. 9. All outdoor installations shall be weatherproof type. 10. All electrical works shall be done under the direct and immediate supervision of a duly licensed Electrical Engineer. LEGEND / SYMBOLS: The Legend or Symbols shall show configurations and figures of devices and equipment used. Standard Electrical Symbols can be obtained from page 732 appendix of Philippine Electrical Code (PEC). LOCATION PLAN: Location or site plan. With proposed structures and owners land, drawn to appropriate metric scale shall show: 1. Bordering areas showing public or well-drawn streets. 2. Location of service drop, service equipment and nearest pole of the utility company furnishing electrical energy. 3.Clearance of the path or run of service drops and service entrance sites to adjacent existing or proposed structures. RISER DIAGRAM: Consist of the schematic diagram of service entrance, feeders and branch circuits. This indicates: 1. The number of branch circuits, the size of conductors, size of conduit and protection for each branch circuits. 2. The sizes of feeders, its conduit and feeders protection. 3. The type of service, size of service entrance conductor, conduit and main protection device. TITLE BLOCK: The Title Block or Nameplate of plans and drawings shall be a standard strip of 40mm high at the bottom of each sheet of the plan. Example: 2.

1

Proposed Electrical Plan of a Single Family Dwelling Phase II, Palmera Subd., Q.C.

3 Ground and Second Floor Electrical Plan, Riser Diagram, Location Plan, Legend.

5

6

7

8

4

9

1. Constructors Logo : Name and address of constructors company 2. Name of Project. 3. Sheet Contents. 4. Name and Address of owner. Example: Felimon C. Sangcap 60 Dulong Ilog, Candaba Pampanga 5. Drawn By 6. Checked By 7. Designed By 8. Scale 9. Name of Professional Electrical Engineer 10. Registration No. 11. PTR No. 12. Res Cert No. 13. TIN No. 14 Sheet No. ELECTRICAL LIGHTNING AND POWER LAYOUT: Electrical layout for each floor of the building shall indicate the location of: 1. Location of lightning outlets. 2. Location of convenience outlet. 3. Location of switches with their corresponding symbols. 4. Location of special purposed outlets or fixed appliance with their corresponding symbols. 5. Location of outlets for Air Conditioning Units (ACU). 6. Location of Service Equipment and / or disconnecting means. 7. Location of Service kilowatt-hour meter. SCHEDULE OF LOADS AND COMPUTATION: Schedule of loads in tabulated form shall indicate: 1. Motor Loads: a. Motor as numbered or identified in power layout. b. Type of motor c. HP / KW / KVA Rating d. Voltage Rating e. Full load current rating g. number of phases

10 11 12 13

14

2. Lightning Loads: a. Panel as numbered in the Riser Diagram b. Circuit designation number c. number of lightning outlets in each circuit d. Number of switches in each circuit e. Number of convenience outlets f. Voltage of circuit g. Fuse rating or trip rating of circuit protective device 3. Other Loads: a. Designation number on plan b. description of load c. Classification of service duty d. Rating in kilovolt ampere (KVA) or kilowatt (KW) e. Phase loading indicating full load line current f. Voltage rating

ELECTRICAL ESTIMATION GUIDE: 1. Prepare paper, pencils, scale and rulers. Mark papers indicating the panel no., ckt. No and the location of the ckt. Run. 2. Study plans, drawings and specifications: 2.1 Coordinate with Civil, Mechanical and Architectural Estimators about the following: 2.1.1 height between floors 2.1.2 drop ceiling and ceiling supports 2.1.3 height between finished floors and ceilings 2.1.4 major beams and columns thru which conductors may not pass 2.1.5 other architectural / civil / mechanical / drawings indicating positions of lights, special outlets or aircon unit equipment. 2.2 Check and make a physical count of the following: 2.2.1 lighting fixture - no. of each type of fixture 2.2.2 convenience outlet duplex 2.2.3 special outlets 2.2.4 panel boards - make a complete description of each panel board. The description includes: a. main breaker ratings or lugs only b. no. of branches per ampere trip c. KAIC ratings 2.2.5 Other electrical equipment to be supplied by contractor 2.3 Study carefully the circuit runs and the riser diagram together with the schedule load. 3. Determine the approximate length of wire and conduct per circuit. 3.1 For the conduit - each ckt measure the length from the last outlet to the panel using the scale. The trace of the route must be followed as per drawings. 3.2 For the wire- measure the length between outlet and the length shall be multiplied by the number of wires. The sum of the products (length x the number of wires) shall be approximate length of the wire. 3.3 Sum up the total length of conduit per size and divide by 150 to get the no. of rolls. Round off and add 10%. 3.4 Sum up the total length of wire for each size and divide by 150 to get the no. of rolls. Round off and add 10%. 3.5 Set aside the papers and data temporarily. 4. Determine the approximate length of wire and conductor for the panel homerun to the main panel or main distribution panel. 4.1 Conduits - measure the length of the run. Check the shortest possible route and avoid obstructions. The total length divide by 3 and add 5%. 4.2 Conduits not embedded in concrete shall be firmly supported and fastened in place every 3.0m and within 0.91m of each outlet box or cabinet. 4.3 Conduits shall have no more than four (4) 90 degrees bends in any run. When it becomes necessary to have more than 4 90 degrees bends, an intermediate pull box shall be installed to facilitate pulling of wires and cables. 4.4 Wire - multiply the length of conductor by the following constants: a. 2 for two wire single phase b. 3 for two wire single phase with neutral c. 3 for three wire 3-phase d. 4 for three phase, four wires 5. Boxes 5.1 Octagonal Boxes - provide one box for each lighting fixture. 5.2 Utility box 4" x 2" - provide one box for each switch; duplex outlet or special outlet (small). 5.3 Square box 4" - provide one box if the conduits terminating exceed 4 conduits or special big outlet. 5.4 Square box 4 11/16" - provide one box for 1 inch diameter conduits or for special purpose outlets. Also provide one box for multiple (6 or more) terminations. 5.5 Pull Boxes - provide one box for every 18 meters per conduits length depending upon the length of run. Other pull boxes may be designated by plans. Check with the designer / consultant about sizes. 6. Fittings 6.1 For PVC pipes 6.1.1 couplings - provide 1 coupling for every length plus 1 coupling for every termination. 6.1.2 elbows - provide 1 - 90 degrees elbow for every turn for sizes of 32mm (1 1/44) and above. 6.1.3 cement - provide one can for every 10 lengths of conduit. 6.1.4 end bells - provide 1 for every terminations. 6.2 For RSC conduits 6.2.1 couplings - provide 1 additional coupling for every 5 lengths. 6.2.2.elbows - provide one 90 degrees elbow for every 90 degrees turn for sizes of 25mm (1") diameter above. 6.2.3 locknut and bushings - provide one pair for every termination. 6.3 For Electrical Metallic Tubing (EMT) 6.3.1 Couplings - 1 set screw coupling for every length. 6.3.2 Elbows - use on-site bended EMT. 6.3.3 Adapters with locknuts and bushing - for every termination is an adapter and 1 pair of locknut and bushing. 6.4 Straps - two (2) straps for every length of conduit. In sizes of 25 mm (1") diameter and above use clamps or screwed on clamps, especially for RSC or EMT conduits. 6.5.1 Wire trays / cable trays - check with the drawings and the consultant / designer. 6.5.2 Cable troughs / duets - check with drawings especially that the drawing may have specific sizes. 6.5 Every cable riser splicing shall be provided with pullbox and cable support (for exposed conduit provide clamps every 1.5m). 6.6 For every straight cable riser shall be provided with pullbox and cable support every four floors. 6.7 Pullbox shall be provided with cable support.

Pull Box

Conduit Riser (refer to riser for size)

Pullbox Ga#16 (size as required)

Hard rubber insulation Anchor Bolt

Unistrut Channel

Wires and cables (as per load schedule)

Cable Stopper (Typical)

Pullbox Cover

Provision for padlocking

Junction Box To Lighting Fixture or Box

Flexible Metallic Conduit Strap

IMC or Flexible Metallic Conduit

Double Locknut and Bushing

Wire Nut Junction / Utility / Square or Pullbox 7. Other considerations. 7.1 For lighting fixtures - add 1 meter (multiply by number of wires per conduit) of wire for every termination or lighting fixture. Slab

Pipe** ** PVC if embedded, IMC or EMT if exposed Floor Elevation

Support Octagonal Box

Drop Height Ceiling Height = Ceiling Height + = As per Architect Specification consideration Flexible Metallic Conduit Additional 1 meter consideration

Lighting Fixture Mounting - As per Architecture Specification Height Additional 1 meter consideration per wire

Floor

7.2 For convenience outlets a. Add 0.8 meter for every c.o. to the length of pipe and 1 meter of wire for every termination. b. Add 0.4 meter above the height of counters if the c.o. is above the counter in addition to the height of the counter. Also 1 meter of wire for every termination. Convenience Outlet Add 1 meter consideration per wire Utility Box**

** For wires up to 5mm2 only. Use Square Box if more than 5

Add 0.8 meters consideration Mounting = 0.3 meters (as per PEC) Height unless otherwise specified Floor

Elbow Convenience Outlet (Countertop) Add 1 meter consideration per wire Utility Box** counter

consideration Add 0.4 meters consideration

Mounting = 0.15 meters (as per PEC) Height unless otherwise specified

Add 0.8 meters consideration Countertop = As per Architectural Height Specification Floor

floor

Elbow Switches Slab

Ceiling Pipe** ** PVC if embedded, IMC or EMT if exposed Floor Elevation

Support Octagonal Box

Splice Drop = Floor Elevation minus Mounting Height Height

Utility Box Add 0.8 meter consideration Mounting = 1.3 meters (as per PEC) Height unless otherwise specified Additional 1 meter consideration per wire

Floor

7.3 For homeruns terminating at panel boards, add 3 meters of wire (multiply by the number of wires) for every circuit. Slab

Pipe** ** PVC if embedded, IMC or EMT if exposed

Support Octagonal Box

Ceiling Drop = Floor Elevation minus Mounting Height Height Add 0.8 meter consideration

Utility Box Floor Elevation

Mounting Height 2 = 0.45 m minimum distance from floor

Mounting = 1.8 meters from the center (as per PEC) Height unless otherwise specified Additional 3 meter consideration per wire

Floor

7.4 Provide an empty conduit for every spare circuit per panel. 7.5 Normally the electronic and communication circuits will be in separate sheets and have an ECE estimate. 7.6 Provide connector for every termination #6 up. 8. Summarize the list of materials as follows: 8.1 Conduits - total of each size / type 8.2 Fittings - total of each type size 8.3 Boxes - total for each type / size 8.4 Panels - per panel and lowest canvassed price. 8.5 Wires - total length for each wire size 8.6 Connectors - (solder less type) total termination of each size for wire size #6 AWG and above. 8.7 Tape - 1 roll PVC tape for 100 meters of wire plus 1 roll of rubber tape for every 200 meters of wire. 9. Costing: 9.1 get the unit cost for every item and deduct all discounts. 9.2 From the total cost add a 5% to 10% mark-up. 9.3 For all other materials like ducts, panels, transfer switches, safety switches, starters etc. - get the price from the fabricator net (less discounts) and add 5% mark-up. 10. Preparation of Bid or Asking Price 10.1 Materials Cost Conduits Fitting Boxes Wires and Wiring Devices Lighting Fixtures Safety Devices Service Entrance and Mains Others 10.2 Labor Cost (subject for interpretation) 10.2.1 If Materials are imported a. Labor Cost is 20% of sub-total A b. Supervision is 3% of Sub-total A c. Mark-up is 1.25% of Sub-total A 10.2.2 If the conduits and most materials are locally available a. Labor cost is 25% to 30% of sub-total A b. Supervision cost is 4% to 5% of subtotal A c. Mark-up cost is 2% of subtotal A 10.3 Contingencies - an allowance of 5% to 7% of the total cost of materials and labor. 10.4 Overhead - this includes the cost of transportation, office staff, tools and equipment depreciation, paper and office supplies, representation and insurance cost of money. '- normally 7% to 10% of the cost of materials is the cost of overhead. 10.5 Permits - shows the plans to the municipal electrical engineer or his assistant and request for an estimate, Add 5% to cover the exigencies. 10.6 a. the sum of the cost as computed is sections 10.1 to 10.5 is multiplied by 0.03 to get the contractors tax. b. Add the contractors tax to the sum of sections 10.1 to 10.5 and round-off. This will be your bid price. 11. Concrete encasement / Pipe Chase / Sleeve Sealant Details To compute for concrete encasement (same with block-outs) use the following: 11.1 Determine the size of the conduit to be embedded 11.2 Determine the length of the conduit to be embedded. 11.3 Obtain the volume of concrete to be used. Use the following spacing: 0.05 to 0.075m = Distance between the edge of the conduit to the edge of the concrete 0.05m = Distance between 2 conduit A of Blockout = A of Box - (A of conduit x No. of conduits) V of Concrete encasement = Length of Pipe x A of Blockout

0.05m

Conduit size

Conduit size 0.05m Telephone Wires and Cable (Typical) Concrete Slab

A 25 mm Silicon Sealant or Intumescent putty "Specseal" or "Hilti"

Finished Floor Level

Note: Use Metallic Pipe for all Pipe Sleeves

Wires and Cables (Typical)

Fiberglass or Mineral Wool insulation PLAN

Silicon Sealant or Intumescent Putty "Specseal" or "Hilti"

SECTION A

Electrical Pipe Chase or large openings through concrete walls and slabs Pipes

Concrete Slab

B

IMC Pipe (Typical) Fire Rated Mortar "Specseal" or "Hilti"

Finished Floor Level

Fire Rated Mortar "Specseal" or "Hilti" installed to a minimum of 115mm depth PLAN

115mm (min)

Electrical Pipe Chase or large opening through concrete walls and slabs

SECTION B

C Concrete Slab Fiberglass or Mineral wool insulation Small opening through concrete wall or slab IMC Pipe (Typical)

Intumescent putty or sealant "Specseal" or Hilti" Intumescent Putty or Sealant "Specseal" or "Hilti" SECTION C PLAN 3

11.4 Obtain cost (use PhP 4000 / m to determine cost. Ask civil group for update on price. Price contains both material and labor cost).

WIRING SCHEDULE:

1 PHASE, 2W+G

ITEM NO. C.B. TRIP S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 S9 S10 S11 S12 S13

15 20 30 40 50 60 70 90 100 125 150 175 200

SET 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

WIRING SCHEDULE:

15 20 30 40 50 60 70 90 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 300 350 400 500 600 800 1000 1200 1600 2000 2500

SIZE (mm2) LINE G 2 2 3.5 3.5 5.5 5.5 8 5.5 14 8 22 8 22 8 30 8 38 14 60 22 80 22 100 30 125 30

RACEWAY SIZE (mm) METAL PVC 15 20 15 20 15 20 25 25 25 32 40 40 40 40 40 40 50 50 50 63 50 63 50 75 65 75

SIZE (mm2) LINE G 2 2 3.5 3.5 5.5 5.5 8 5.5 14 8 22 8 22 8 30 8 38 14 60 22 80 22 100 30 125 30 150 30 200 30 250 30 100 30 125 30 200 30 125 30 200 30 200 30 125 30 200 30 200 30 200 30

RACEWAY SIZE (mm) METAL PVC 15 20 15 20 15 20 25 25 25 32 32 40 32 40 40 40 50 50 50 63 65 63 65 75 80 75 80 90 90 90 100 110 65 75 80 75 90 90 80 75 90 90 90 90 80 75 90 90 90 90 90 90

3 PHASE, 3W+G

ITEM NO. C.B. TRIP T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 T8 T9 T10 T11 T12 T13 T14 T15 T16 T17 T18 T19 T20 T21 T22 T23 T24 T25 T26

CONDUCTORS QUANTITY LINE G 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1

SET 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 4 6 6 8 10

CONDUCTORS QUANTITY LINE G 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1

NEC Table 1 Size

In Raceway Copper Aluminum o o o 75 C 90 C 75 C 90oC 20 25 25 30 20 25 35 40 30 35 50 55 40 45 65 75 50 60 85 95 65 75 100 110 75 85 115 130 90 100 130 150 100 115 150 170 120 135 175 195 135 150 200 225 155 175 230 260 180 205 255 290 205 230 380 430 310 350

In Free Air Copper Aluminum o o o 75 C 90 C 75 C 30 35 35 40 30 50 55 40 70 80 55 95 105 75 125 140 100 145 165 115 170 190 135 195 220 155 230 260 180 265 300 210 310 350 240 360 405 280 405 455 315 620 700 485

AWG & MCM 14 12 10 8 6 4 3 2 1 1/0 2/0 3/0 4/0 250 500 NEC Table 2 Ampacity Correction Factor Ambient o o 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.96 0.94 0.96 88-95 F (31-35 C) o o 0.88 0.91 0.88 0.91 0.88 0.91 97-104 F (36-40 C) NEC Table 3 Correction Factor for more than 3 Conductors in raceway or cable Conductors 4-6 7-9 10 - 24 25 - 42 43 or more Factor 0.80 0.70 0.70* 0.60* 0.50* * includes effect of a load diversity of 50% NEC Table 4 Dimensions and internal areas of Electrical Metallic Tubing (EMT) and Conduit Sizes (inches) Internal Ø Area m2 1 1/2 1.610 2.040 2 2.067 3.360 2 1/3 2.469 4.790 3 3.068 7.380 3 1/2 3.548 9.900 4 4.026 12.720 NEC Table 5 Dimensions of several rubber and thermoplastic-covered conductors Types RFH-2, RH, Types TFN, THHN, Types TF, THW, TW RHH THWN Size AWG Approx. Approx. Approx. Approx. Approx. Approx. MCM Ø (inches) Area m2 Ø (inches) Area m2 Ø (inches) Area m2 14 0.2040 0.0327 0.1310 0.0135 0.1050 0.0087 12 0.2210 0.0384 0.1480 0.0172 0.1220 0.0117 10 0.2420 0.0460 0.1680 0.0222 0.1530 0.0184 8 0.3280 0.8450 0.2450 0.0471 0.2180 0.0373 6 0.3970 0.1238 0.3230 0.0819 0.2570 0.0519 4 0.4520 0.1605 0.3720 0.1087 0.3280 0.0845 3 0.4810 0.1817 0.4010 0.1263 0.3560 0.0995

0.94 0.88

2 1 1/0 2/0 3/0 4/0

0.5130 0.5880 0.6290 0.6750 0.7270 0.7850

0.2061 0.4330 0.1473 0.2715 0.5080 0.2027 0.3107 0.5490 0.2367 0.3578 0.5958 0.2781 0.4151 0.6470 0.3288 0.4840 0.7050 0.3904 dimensions of RHH and RHW

0.3880 0.4500 0.4910 0.5370 0.5880 0.6460

0.1182 0.1590 0.1893 0.2265 0.2715 0.3278

NEC Table 6 Maximum no. of conductors in conduits or tubing for most building wire types (TW, XHHW, RHW, RHH, TW, THW) Conduit or Tubing (Inch) AWG & MCM 1/2 3/4 1 1 1/4 1 1/2 2 2 1/2 14 9 15 25 44 60 99 142 12 7 12 19 35 47 78 111 10 5 9 15 26 36 60 85 8 2 4 7 12 17 28 40 6 1 3 5 9 13 21 30 4 1 2 4 7 9 16 22 3 1 1 3 6 8 13 19 2 1 1 3 5 7 11 16 1 1 1 3 5 8 12 1/0 1 1 3 4 7 10 2/0 1 1 2 3 6 8 3/0 1 1 1 3 5 7 4/0 1 1 2 4 6 250 1 1 1 3 4 300 1 1 1 3 4 350 1 1 1 2 3 500 1 1 1 3

3

ee Air Aluminum 90oC 35 40 60 80 110 130 150 175 205 235 275 315 355 545

0.96 0.91

HW, RHH, TW, THW) ) 3 171 131 62 47 35 29 25 18 15 13 11 9 7 6 5 5

3 1/2

4

176 84 63 47 39 33 25 21 17 14 12 10 8 7 6

108 81 60 51 43 32 27 22 18 15 12 11 9 8

CIRCUIT BREAKER RATING AMPERE AMPERE TRIP FRAME 15 50 20 50 30 50 40 50 50 50 60 100 70 100 100 100 125 225 150 225 175 225 200 225 225 225 250 400 300 400 350 400 400 400 500 600 600 600 700 800 800 800 1000 1000 1200 1200 1600 1600 2000 2000 2500 3000 3000 3000 4000 4000

EMT/IMC mm Ø 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100

CONDUIT PVC mm Ø 20 25 32 40 50 63 75 90 110

in Ø ½" 3/4" 1" 1-¼" 1-½" 2" 2-½" 3" 3-½" 4