Feasibility Study-fish Port Complex

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Architecture

Architectural Professional Practice 3

FEASIBILITY STUDY Proposed Food Terminal and Fish Processing Complex: A Sustainable Industrial Facility Development for Fish Products in the Province of Pampanga

SUBMITTED BY:

RONQUILLO, RIAN GAIL S. RUDA, SHIELA ROSE N. BSA – 5A SUBMITTED TO:

ARCH. MARIO L. BONITA October 10, 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS I.

Executive Summary………………………………………….....

II.

Introduction and Project Background ……………………. i. Introduction ……………………………………………. ii. Background of the Study ……………………………. a. History …………………………………………..... b. Root Cause of the Problem …………………… c. Present Condition of the Problem …………….. III. Project and Community Context …………………………. i. Research Methodology …………………………... ii. Determination of Needs ……………………………... iii. Statement of the Problem …………………………… iv. Statement of the Proposal ………………………….. v. Stakeholder Engagement …………………………… IV. Precedent Research ……………………………………. V. Market Demand Analysis ……………………………………. i. Survey Analysis ………………………………… ii. Stakeholder and Community Meetings …………… VI. Technical Analysis …………………………………………. i. Site Selection …………………………………… ii. Building Program ……………………………………. a. Design Approach ………………….. b. Listing of Major Requirements ……. c. Building Exterior …………………….. d. Building Elements …………………. VII. Design Analysis ……………………………………….. i. Design Scheme ………………………………… VIII. Conclusion …………………………………………………... IX. References …………………………………………………... I. Executive Summary

II.

Introduction and Project Background This chapter introduces the economic sector of the Philippines, Central Luzon Region and the province of Pampanga - reviews about the development and strategies with regards to the national, regional and provincial economy and as well as the performances of the LGU’s were discussed in this part.

i.

Introduction Philippine economy has likewise been recognized as the 40 largest in the world according to the recent report of International Monetary Fund Statistics. Not bad for a small island in the orient sea, Philippines has proven its emerging markets and takes its way to be one of those industrialized countries of the world which has been transitioning from being one based on agriculture to one based more on services and manufacturing. Philippines is currently one of Asia's fastest growing economies, together with Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. However, major problems remain, mainly having to do with alleviating the wide income and growth disparities between the country's different regions and socioeconomic classes, reducing corruption, and investing in the infrastructure necessary to ensure future growth. Perhaps, Philippine real GDP has grown by 5.2 percent per year over the past five years, despite a low investment rate. Investment productivity, however, has been very good. As for the economic structure, the service sector accounts for 53.7 percent of GDP, with industry and agriculture generating 32.1 percent and 14.2 percent, respectively. But more than one-third of the labor force still depends on agriculture— at very low levels of productivity. There are lots of reasons for the drastic changes of the Philippine economy. Aside from human-induced disaster, natural disasters have done so much effect for the economy of the Philippines – all are not good . Given the country’s ongoing vulnerability to disasters, the key challenge of the reconstruction process will be to develop and enforce explicit standards for ― building back better.‖ Disasters seriously threaten the growth prospects of vulnerable countries like the Philippines and can result in huge losses and heavier debt burdens. The strategy should identify standards for safe and resilient buildings and infrastructure, and for risk-informed land-use planning. During implementation, public participation and consultation,

quality control, strict enforcement, and training will be essential in ensuring that prescribed standards are not compromised. Our project proposal, Proposed Food Terminal and Fish Processing Complex, having a disaster risk reduction planning techniques, can withstand the ever-changing economy of the Philippines by adapting to the needs of the consumers and as well as satisfying the environmental impact to the surroundings with its physical structure and activities. In this case, this project can contribute to the economic growth of our country and to the lives of the people who works for the complex and to the ones who consumes our products. ii.

Background of the Study In this section, the problem in the subsector is being identified. Here stated are the problem’s history and root causes of the said problem. Also, the present situation of the subsector regarding the problem is being discussed in this chapter.

1. History Agriculture plays a vital role in economic sustainability and development. It contributes to the country’s gross national product and provides income and livelihood to millions of farmers and fisher folks and their dependents. It likewise enables traders, processors, retailers, and other groups to make a living. In 2010, agriculture contributed PhP258.1 billion to the country’s gross domestic product, slightly down by 0.5 percent or PhP1.3 billion less than in 2009. In 2011, the agriculture sector recovered from a dismal performance due to favorable weather condition. All sub-sectors in agriculture, except crops, posted production increases. During the first quarter of 2014, total Fisheries production posted a negative growth of 3.25 percent. Commercial fisheries registered a 3.43 percent production shortfall. The sector has yet to recover from the devastating effects of typhoon ''Yolanda'' to the fishing industry. Catch of several species showed reduced output, compared with same quarter last year. Municipal fisheries posted a 5.64 percent negative growth during the first quarter of 2014. Decreasing volume of catch from marine waters by municipal fishermen was evident for the past three years. Aquaculture production was 1.58 percent lower compared with same quarter last year. Milkfish, tilapia, tiger prawn, seaweed and mudcrab, the top five species of the sector, came down with production decreases this quarter.

These species accounted for 96.74 percent of the total aquaculture production. Aquaculture contributed more than half or 51.24 percent to the total fisheries output. In 2002, Central Luzon registered 341.5 thousand farms for agriculture use, covering 552.1 thousand hectares. The region's total agricultural land area comprised 25.6 percent of the region's total land area. Compared with 1991, the number of farms decreased by 2.7 percent from 350.8 thousand farms. Likewise, the total area decreased by 12.7 percent from 632.5 thousand hectares. As a result, the average farm size slightly decreased from 1.8 hectares per farm in 1991 to 1.6 hectares per farm in 2002. In 2011, aquaculture production in Central Luzon decreased by 3.37 percent due to typhoons that hit the region. Climate change and other phenomena also affected its production. Fish production in the region is unable to meet the increasing demand of fish products and size requirements of hotels and restaurants. Philippine fisheries are threatened and need management. While vast benefits are gained from fisheries, their integrity is threatened because of many decades of poor management. Fisheries contribute significantly to income, employment, foreign exchange earnings, and nutrition and thus the security of the country. However, these benefits are continuously being dissipated due to declining fish catch, habitat degradation, climate change and increasing numbers of people dependent on the resource. 2. Root Cause of the Problem The decline in agriculture and fishery sector may be caused by many complex problems. Generally, the decrease in the number of agricultural farms could be attributed to the increasing population in the region at an annual growth rate of 3.2 percent. Agricultural lands could have been converted to residential or commercial lands to cope up with population growth especially in highly urbanized areas like Angeles City and Olongapo City. Climate change effects and other natural occurrences also contribute to the cause of the problem. This has been even worse because of improper and poor management of the resources.

Lack of new technology in the fish processing also contributes to the problem. Because of this deficiency in technology, fish production in the region is affected. Fish products are unable to meet the size requirements for commercial businesses such as restaurants and hotels. Lack of technology for resiliency in natural disasters and in controlling water pollution also causes the decline in the fish industry. Only a balanced and focused management approach for all resources, including fisheries, can achieve food and environmental security and poverty alleviation. Fisheries management must start with the people who affect the condition and use of these resources. Such management must be integrated and have clear objectives to be effective. 3. Present Condition The Philippines’ department of agriculture (DA) has said that the country’s farm sector will grow at three percent this year due to sustained good performance in the livestock, poultry and fisheries sector. Proceso Alcala, DA secretary, said that the fisheries subsector is expected to be one of the best performing agriculture subsectors this year with the extended access given to the Philippines to tuna-rich Pocket 1 of the Pacific Ocean by the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC) and the sustained export of Vannamei shrimp. The fisheries sub-sector recovered from negative growth in 2012, with production expanding 1.23 per cent in 2013. At current prices, the sub-sector grossed over US$5bn, up 2.78 per cent year-on-year. The industry is currently preparing the Comprehensive National Fisheries Industry Development Plan (CNFIDP) and in almost all consultations there have been agitation for increased partnership among government, business sector and civil society to pursue sustainable and competitive fisheries for the country. III.

Project and Community Context The scope and setting, decision processes and methods used in gathering information and stakeholders to incorporate sustainability in this proposal is being discussed. The statement of the problem and proposal is being discussed. In addition, present and projected needs are shown to the following sections.

i.

Research Methodology

The purpose of this study is to examine the status of agriculture sector specifically the fishery sector in Central Luzon in order to arrive on a possible solution to the problems identified. In order to do this a research methodology has been conducted. This chapter deals with the research process used in the study which is the Qualitative Research Method. Under this, the instruments used by the researchers include unstructured interviews, analysis of written documents, internet surfing and observations. The techniques used for this method as well as the data gathering tools and analytical tools used will be further explained in this chapter.

1.

Gathering of Data The researchers have used the Qualitative Research Method wherein they utilized instruments such as unstructured interviews, analysis of written documents, internet surfing and observations to gain an understanding of the situation of the subsector addressed, to determine the problems faced by the fishery sector in Central Luzon and to determine the need for development of fishing industries, and to know the underlying reasons behind these problems and needs. With this approach, the emphasis is more on generating hypothesis from the data collection rather than testing a hypothesis. Unstructured interview is a less formal type of interview in which although sets of questions may be used, the interviewers freely modifies the sequence of questions, changes the wording and sometimes explains them or adds to them during the interaction. The atmosphere is often casual. This is conducted in what is characterized as an opened situation because there is more flexibility and freedom in the interaction. The researchers conducted this interview to few individuals from the Department of Agriculture's Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (DA-BFAR) who have the authority in giving pertinent information relating to the study. Analysis of written documents gathered from books, journals, and from internet surfing are necessary to be examined in the research study. Official documents, statistics and other pertinent records needed for the study were gathered from different offices related to the sector. Also, nearly all of the data gathered by the researchers are through internet surfing, from different sources and websites which provide reliable information that will aid in the study. Observation is one of the very important methods for obtaining comprehensive data in qualitative research especially when a composite of both

oral and visual data become vital to the researchers. By the use of this strategy the researchers are able to obtain first hand information about the problem being studied. Through the use of this research instruments, the researchers are able to obtain the needed data regarding the study that will be the basis of the planning process in order to come up with a design aiming to help solve the problems faced in the agriculture and fishery sector, boosting the economic growth of the 2.

Central Luzon. Analysis of Gathered Data In this chapter the method for data analysis is presented. The purpose of the data analysis is to transform the data collected into credible evidence about the subject being studied. This process usually includes organizing the gathered data for analysis (data preparation), describing the data and interpreting them (assessing the findings). Where qualitative data have been collected, interpretation is more difficult compared to quantitative data. Here, it is important that the researchers grouped similar reports into categories and identified the common patterns that can help them derive meaning and understanding about the subject. This is particularly important when trying to assess outcomes. The data were collected and then processed in response to the problems identified. The data analysis consists examining the researches for accuracy and completeness. Also,

it

consists

performing

an

analysis

of

descriptive

understanding of the researchers to the pertinent data that they have gathered. The gathered data from literary sources and internet researches were considered necessary in the analysis especially those which are relating to the subsector addressed. The data gathered that are too broad and out of the sector’s concern are discarded from the analysis. Design standards, maps, graphs, tables and descriptive statistics were sorted out to display the information needed for the understanding of the study. 3.

Preparation of the Analytical Tools The analytical tools used in conducting the proposed study are maps, graphs, tables, IPO (input-process-output) Model, and other descriptive

information sorted out from all the data that have gathered. With the use of these analytical tools, the researchers were able to show general to specific information and data which are much needed in the study in order to be precise and correct in the analysis. The tools mentioned will be shown on the succeeding chapter. 4.

Activity Study of the Sector Data for actual observation and performance of the subsector is being discussed in the activity study as part of the inputs. As this proposal focuses on the Agriculture-Fishery sector, corresponding activities for this must be identified. Within the subsector, there are lots of activities from which the researchers must provide in their proposal. These activities are those that will be housed in the proposed project. Initially, data gathering from different references such as the socioeconomic

profile

management,

of

the

agricultural

province, profile

of

demographic the

region

profile,

environmental

addressed,

agriculture

performance, maps of the province, and major design requirements, guidelines and standards, and other pertinent documents, are conformed. Map of the existing facilities, as one of the needed data in determining the proper and possible location for the project, is also constructed. These data are discussed according to location, land utilization, facilities, activities

pattern,

production

processes,

environmental

considerations,

environmental hazards, employment, transportation and traffic. This information is then evaluated, analyzed and summarized to comply with the needed data. 5.

Data Processing using Planning Parameters It is very important, before starting a work on a project, to know exactly the scope of the project. The more needed data provided, the smoother the project research will run. Through this, a more detailed study will be accomplished. The gathered data are processed using planning parameters such as the design requirements for the proposed project. Also, design standards, guidelines,

and ordinances are accounted. In these planning parameters, standards from government agencies such as the Housing and Land Use Regulatory Board (HLURB) will be used as criteria in the computations of areas for development. 6.

Output of the Study The outputs of this proposal entitled “Proposed Food Terminal and Fish Processing Complex: A Sustainable Commercial Facility Development for Fish Products in the Province of Pampanga”, are as follows: 

This study will be going to benefit the government and non-government institutions, and will serve as a reference or guide for students,

researchers, planners and future developers. The proposal will be going to contribute to the economic sector in relation with the development of fish products in Central Luzon. ii.

Determination of Needs In this chapter, planning parameters, sectoral analysis, present and projected needs is discussed. Existing facilities and structures in the country related to the proposal was studied to serve as samples and guides. Through this data and information gathered, the researchers were able to determine the needs of the proposed site for such project that will be suitable in their locality and will help in their economic growth.

1. Planning Parameters Formulas  AGRICULTURAL LAND



COMMERCIAL LAND

2. Sectoral Analysis These are the computations of the Standard Requirement Area, Existing Area, Present Needs, and Projected Future Needs of both Agricultural and Commercial Land types from the given Standard Planning Formulas.  Determination of Projected Population Using the 2010 population of the City of San Fernando of 285,912 with an annual growth rate of 2.21%, below are the projected populations of the city from 2011 to 2020. a. 285,912 x 0.0221 = 6318.7 285,912 + 6318.7 = 292,231 b. 292,231 x 0.0221 = 6458.3 292,231 + 6458.3 = 298,689 c. 298,689 x 0.0221 = 6601 298,689 + 6601= 305,290 d. 305,290 x 0.0221 = 6747 305,290 + 6747= 312,037 e. 312,037 x 0.0221 = 6896 312,037 + 6896 = 318,933 f. 318,933 x 0.0221 = 7048 318,933 + 7048 = 325,981 g. 325,981 x 0.0221 = 7204 325,981 + 7204= 333,185

h. 333,185 x 0.0221 =7363 333,185 + 7363 = 340,548 i. 340,548 x 0.0221 = 7526 340,548 + 7526 = 348,074 j. 348,074 x 0.0221 = 7692 348,074 + 7692 = 355,766

PROJECTED POPULATION OF SAN FERNANDO CITY, PAMPANGA 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

292,231 298,689 305,290 312,037 318,933 325,981 333,185 340,548 348,074 355,766

o AGRICULTURAL LAND HLURB Standard ratio for agricultural land type: 6 hectares per 1000 population Population of San Fernando City (2013): 305,290 Computations:

305,290

Standard Requirement for Agricultural Area = 1832 hectares

Existing Agricultural Area = 38 hectares

Present Needs = 1794 hectares o COMMERCIAL LAND HLURB Standard ratio for agricultural land type: 0.1 hectares per 1000 population Population of San Fernando City (2013): 305,290 Computations:

305,290

Standard Requirement for Commercial Area = 31 hectares

Existing Commercial Area = 6.3 hectares

Present Needs = 25 hectares 3. Projected Needs The projected population of the City of San Fernando by the year 2020 accounted to be 355,766. Using this, the projected need of the city for Agricultural and Commercial area are computed below.  AGRICULTURAL LAND

Projected Needs = 3929 hectares 

COMMERCIAL LAND

Projected Needs = 61 hectares From the computation, the projected need for Agricultural land in the city resulted to be 3929 hectares and for the Commercial land, 61 hectares. The total projected area needed for both agricultural and commercial purposes by the year 2020 is 3990 hectares. iii.

Statement of the Problem

As a result of the research undertaken, there is a need to develop a commercial area and processing for fish products to cater the needs of the region. This chapter includes the area to be developed, the beneficiaries of the proposed project, the Vision of the LGU to be followed by the proponent/developer of the proposal and the determination of needs of the city/project area to be developed.

1. Area of Development San Fernando, Pampanga - remains the country's top producer of tilapia and sugpo (prawn) and it is number two in mudcrab production, and has total land area of 6,774 hectares per the Land Management Bureau (LMB). In inland resources, the major aquaculture species caught are tilapia, milkfish, mudcrab, shrimp (P. vannamei and P. monodon), catfish and mudfish. The province has 3,729 hectares of aqua farms manned by 3,685 fishpond operators for fresh water. For brackish water, Pampanga has 1,634 hectares with 1,609 fishpond operators. On the other hand, based on the computation for the area of development for the project proposal, the projected need for Agricultural land in the city resulted to be 3929 hectares and for the Commercial land, 61 hectares. The total projected area needed for both agricultural and commercial purposes by the year 2020 is 3990 hectares. Major Beneficiaries  Fish Brokers / Consignations  Fish Processors / Exporters  Other Fish Vendors /Traders and Viajeros  Industrial Users as Inventors 3. Vision of the LGU Department of Agriculture (DA) A modernized smallholder agriculture and fisheries; a diversified rural 2.

economy that is dynamic, technologically advanced and internationally competitive. Its transformation is guided by the sound practices of resource sustainability, the principles of social justice, and strong private sector participation. 4. Development Needs  Sustainable and more productive use of natural resources to promote  

investments and entrepreneurship; Promotion of responsible extractive industries; Strengthening the protection of ecologically fragile areas like watersheds;

  iv.

Creation of a healthier environment for the population; Mitigation of the occurrence of natural disasters.

Statement of the Proposal As a major contributor to the economic growth, the province of Pampanga is looking forward to some strategies that will uplift its status as a fishing ground and will answer the need of the province, as well as the entire region, in terms of the fishery sector. The Proposed Food Terminal and Fish Processing Complex, as an integrated Agricultural-Industrial structure, aims to answer the sub-sector’s need for the province and the region. Though agriculture is the main contributor to the Central Luzon’s economy, the agricultural performance of the region specifically the fishery sector still needs to be strengthened and improved in order to cope with the existing and projected needs. Thus, this proposed project will play a vital role in strengthening and improving the sub-sector’s performance, with the aid of industrial and commercial processes. In order to do this, sufficient farm-to-market roads, postharvest facilities and storage facilities for fishery sector must be provided and maintained in the region. Having fish processing facilities with improved science and technology will aid in the processed fish production and innovation uplifting the region’s fishery status and providing the region with higher economic performance. Trading of these products will be much easier by providing a food terminal, offering the harvested and processed fish products in the market. Through this project there will have a steady and sufficient supply of fish and fish products at reasonable prices. Also, this will open business opportunities for interested investors.

v.

Stakeholder Engagement In this section, the following stakeholders that are engage in to the proposal are identified and discussed.



Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) - provides technical assistance and advisory services on aquaculture and inland water management, in engaging the establishment for fish hatcheries and pilot demonstration farms and of giving particular guidelines for the Code of Practice for Aquaculture. BFAR supplies provision of standards, monitoring and coordination of aquaculture activities with different

organizations such as NACA, evaluates inland services of lakes, rivers, marshes and reservoir for development and management and provide 

extension services of freshwater aquaculture. Bureau of Food and Drugs (BFAD) - was created by Republic Act 3720 mandated to enforce and administer the law, " it is the policy of the state to ensure safe and good quality food, drug and cosmetics and regulate the production, sale and traffic of the same to protect the health of the consumer". BFAD is carrying out its regulatory functions and has been in coordination with the food processors. Among the activities that BFAD undertake to assist the food processors are as follows: establish partnership with other government agencies to help food processor meet international market requirements and develop/update standard in line with Codex and provide information relevant to regulatory requirements



both local and international. Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) - is the executive department of the Philippine Government tasked to expand Philippine trade, industries and investments as the means to generate jobs and raise incomes for Filipinos. It acts as catalyst for intensified private sector activity in order to accelerate and sustain economic growth through comprehensive industrial growth strategy, progressive and socially responsible trade liberalization and deregulation programs and policymaking designed for the expansion



and diversification of Philippine trade - both domestic and foreign. Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources Research and Development (PCAARRD) - PCAARRD will act toward achieving food security and reducing poverty. Specifically, it will provide the appropriate S&T solutions and services to increase productivity and raise the competitiveness of products and industries. It will harness novel solutions for natural resource management towards developing climateresilient

communities,

biodiversity

conservation,

and

soil

and

water/watershed protection. It will also seek clean energy sources; develop means to adapt and mitigate climate change impacts, and ensure that S&T innovation support is given to protect and manage the

agriculture, aquatic, and natural resources (AANR) sectors. And PCAARRD will manage the National Agriculture, Aquatic, and Natural Resources Research and Development System (NAARRDS) through implementation of the banner programs. These mechanisms will meet the needs for greater capability, increased funding, and developing IEC and ICT support for R&D and R&D results utilization. IV. V. i. ii. VI. i. ii.

VII. i. VIII. IX.

Precedent Research Market Demand Analysis Survey Analysis Stakeholder and Community Meetings Technical Analysis Site Selection Building Program a. Design Approach b. Listing of Major Requirements c. Building Exterior d. Building Elements Design Analysis Design Scheme Conclusion References