Fehlerkatalog Zink 021210
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Die casjng alloys properjes and standards -‐ Comparison with most used materials www.sdt-‐diecasjng.com
Zinc Alloys (omitted alloys 6, 7 and 16)
Commercial Name
Zamak3
Applicable standard in Europe Designation according European standard (EN) / International Standard (ISO)
Applicable standard in Japan Japan standard designation
ZP3 ZP0400 ZnAl4
MPa MPa GPa MPa x 10³ % % MPa MPa Joules MPa Brinell x107N.m-‐3/2 % % g/cm3 x10-‐6/°C W/m/hr/m2 % IACS MS/mm² μohm -‐ cm °C J/kg/°C
+/-‐ µm mm shots/hour shots/hour shots*10³
ZP5 ZP0410 ZnAl4Cu1
HF
HF
AG-‐41A
Aluminum Alloys (most used) Zamak8
ZP8 ZP0810 ZnAl8Cu1 EAZALL
Zamak27
ZP12 ZP1110 ZnAl11Cu1
ZP27 ZP2720 ZnAl27Cu2
AlSi9Cu3
AlSi8Cu3
AlSi12
A360
ZA8
A380
AlSi9Cu3(Fe) EN46000
AlSi8Cu3 EN-‐46200
AlSi12(Cu) EN47000
ADC10
AlSi8Cu3 (d)
ADC12
Plastics
Steel
AZ91
Steel
ABS
PA 66
PA66+PA6
50% fiber
30%Nylon
EN1753
DIN1.0402
ISO 1874
ISO 1874
ISO 1874
ISO 1874
ISO 1875
25-‐65 25 -‐ 65 1,79-‐3,2 1606-‐5903 1,7-‐6 2 -‐ 110
55-‐90 80 0,7-‐1,8
40-‐70 45 7,5-‐27
240-‐250 17,5-‐18
n/a 155-‐210 3.2 -‐ 12.7 n/a
9-‐50
4-‐15 25-‐50
2
3-‐5
no break
no break
8
too soft
too soft
too soft
5 15 too soft
CuZn38
CuZn35Pb2
B 85/B 85M -‐08
ZA12
ZA27
A380
A360
A380
A384
A380
A383
AISI1020
JIS H 5302-‐2000
ZDC2 (a)
ADC10
Hot or Cold Chamber High Pressure Die Casting 221 308 (241) 96 33+ 2-‐10 (16) 6.3 214 (214) 414 (414) 46 (44) 48 97 (72) 2.25 18 40 6.7 27.4 113 27 15-‐16 6.37 381-‐387 419 0.07 0.30 100 0.4
ADC11
AlSi9Cu3
H 5301-‐1990 ZDC1 (a)
Brass
Magnesium
A384
EN1706-‐2010 / ISO3522-‐2007(E)
ASTM-‐B791
NADCA
AG-‐43A
269 283 396 241(200) 331 (269) 397 (331) 276 (234) 96 96 91.7 33+ 33+ 2-‐7 (13) 2-‐7 (2) 5 5.3 (9.9) 3.6 6 262 (262) 317 (317) 600 (600) 641 (641) 52 (42) 38 (5) 38 (28) 57 59 114 (80) 130 (98) 68 HRB 93 (71) 2.1 19 19 41 42 6.7 6.8 6.6 27.4 27.8 26.2 109 105 113 26 25 15-‐16 15-‐16 6.54 6.85 380-‐386 379-‐390 377-‐412 380-‐384 419 419 403 0.08 0.08 0.30 0.30 0.3 0.3 100 100 100 100 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.3 Large 200-‐500 Small 400-‐1000 Tiny 2000-‐3000 200 -‐ 3600 300 -‐ 2,000
Al-‐Si12Cu
CC HPDC 283-‐296 374 (297) 96 33+ 4-‐13 (18) 8 275 (228) 252 (172) 42 (24) 103 (91) 1.95 20 44 6.3 23.3 112 27.7 15-‐16 6.2 375-‐404 435 0.11 0.30 100 0.6
Die casjng alloy selecjon requires Tooling Longest tooling life, can reach several million shots. Significant long-‐term tooling cost savings evaluajon not only of physical and mechanical properjes, Fastest / cheaper (hot-‐chamber) process possible on smaller parts. Best on miniature parts with and chemical composijon, but also of Cost inherent alloy characterisjcs and their Multislide process. effect on die casjng producjon as well as possible machining Heaviest of die cast alloys, but castable with thinner walls than aluminum, which can offset the weight Weight and final surface finishing. disadvantage. This table includes selected die casjng and other special characterisjcs which Dimensional Best of castable alloys (except ZA2), normally near net shape achievable. Accuracy and are usually considered in selecjng an Best part to part stability alloy for a specific applicajon. Complexity The characterisjcs are rated from best to Structural Highest d uctility and impact strength (except ZA2). poorest, being the best the most Properties and Poor hot creep performance desirable and poorest being the least. Wear Resistance In applying these rajngs, it should be noted that all the alloys have sufficiently Surface Finish & Best as-‐cast surface finish readily accepts electro coatings and decorative finishes. good characterisjcs to be accepted by Coatings users and producers of die casjngs. A rajng of poorest in one or more Corrosion Good as cast and best in general after surface treatment categories would not rule out an alloy if Resistance other atributes are parjcularly favorable, but rajngs of poorest may Conductivity, & Best electrical conductor. Good heat transfer present manufacturing difficuljes. EMI / RFI Shielding The benefi ts of consuljng a custom die caster experienced in casjng the alloy Zamak3 Zamak5 Zamak2 EZAC HF Zamak8 Material being 3.7-‐4.3 3.7-‐4.4 3.7-‐4.5 4.3-‐4.7 8.0-‐8.8 Al% considered are clear. <0.05 0.7-‐1.25 2.7-‐3.3 0.03 0.9-‐1.1 Cu% Die casjngs are not usually solujon heat 0.02-‐0.06 0.02-‐0.06 0.02-‐0.06 0.01 0,015-‐0,03 Mg% treated. Low-‐temperature aging treatments may be used for stress relief reminder reminder reminder reminder reminder Zn% Proprietary or dimensional stability. -‐ -‐ -‐ -‐ -‐ Mn% Estern Alloys Only for Al alloys temper may be given Cr% chemical to improve properjes. composition, Ti% Die casjngs are not generally gas or arc around Al7.3 <0,05 <0,05 <0,05 <0.03 <0,05 Fe% welded or brazed. and Cu2.8 + <0,03 <0,03 <0,03 <0,045 Si% Ti0.16 a nd C r0.1 <0,02 <0,02 <0,02 <0,02 Ni% <0,005 <0,005 <0,005 <0.002 <0,006 Cd% <0,005 <0,005 <0,005 <0,003 <0,006 Pb% <0,002 <0,002 <0,002 <0,001 <0,003 Sn%
Others each Others tot.
Zamak12
EN12844-‐1998 / ISO15201-‐2006(E)
ZP2 ZP0430 ZnAl4Cu3
ASTM-‐B86 AG-‐40A
Casting technology / mfg process Yield Strength Ultimate Tensile Strength (b) Youngs Modulus Torsional Modulus Elongation at Fmax (b) Elongation at Fracture Shear Strength Compressive Yield Stress Impact Resistance (b) Fatigue Resistance (5x10to8) Hardness (b) Fracture Toughness Kic Damping Capacity @ 35 MPa Damping Capacity @ 100 MPa Density Coeff. of Thermal Expansion Thermal Conductivity Electrical Conductivity Electrical Conductivity Electrical Resistivity Melting Temperature Range Specific Heat Capacity Coeff. of Friction Poisson Ratio Typical Precision over 100 mm Min Wall Thickness Typical Production Speeds Productivity Range Typical Tool Life
Zamak2
EN12844-‐1998 / ISO15201-‐2006(E)
Applicable standard in US (ANSI / AA/ ASTM) Designation according US standard
Zamak5
ADC10 (c)
ADC12 (c)
ADC10
ADC11
ADC12
Cold Chamber High Pressure Die Casting
310-‐331 404 (310) 86
359-‐379 426 (359) 78
4-‐10 (20) 5 296 (228) 269 (186) 28 (20)
2-‐3.5 (3)
100 (91)
ADC3 (c)
325 (255) 258 (255) 12.7 (5) 119 (100)
6 24.1 116 28.3 16 6.1 377-‐432 450
5 26 125 29.7 17 5.8 377-‐484 525
0.30 250 0.9 200-‐300 250 700
0.30 300 1.2 100-‐300 175 500
Cold/Hot
CC HPDC
Extrusion
Stamping
140 240 71 26.9
140 240
140 240 (71) (26.9)
170 317 71
160 317 71
165 330
157 241
154 228
111-‐170 200-‐260 44 16.5
120 280 110
330 435 105
345 440 200
<1 195
1
<1 186
3.5 180
3.5 190
2.5 200
1.5
1.4
4
30 295
35.8
120 75
4 140 80
7 138 108-‐159 3.7 -‐ 6 50-‐70 63-‐85
3.4 60-‐90 80 3.6(?) 1 4 2.79 21 110-‐120 24 13-‐17 6.4 538-‐593 963
80
110-‐130 14-‐18
250-‐350 1
4 60-‐90 80 3.6(?) 1 4 2.65 20 130-‐150 27 16-‐22 7.5 516-‐582 960
2.63 21 113
2.74 22 96.2 27
2.82 21 96.2 22
557-‐596 963
540-‐595 963
516-‐582
250-‐350 1
0.33 250-‐349 0.3
0.33 250-‐350 1.3 50 -‐250 30 -‐ 350 80-‐300
140 85
83
86
25 53 1.82 25.2 -‐ 26.0 51 -‐ 72.7 11.5 -‐ 12.1 6-‐10 468-‐598 1020
250-‐350 1.3
Limited tooling life, surface appearance quality (cracks) can determinate shorter (<50K shots) tooling life
Near net shape achievable. Longer cycle time
Lowest cost per unit volume. Most of time relevant secondary process are requested. Most of time assembly interface request machining
Weight reduction compared with the Zinc family of alloys.
Second lowest in density next to magnesium.
Less than hot chamber but better than Aluminum
Near net shape are possible, but accurate interface many time need machining, mainly small size geometries Draft allowance on holes at least 0.5 degree per side
Highest yield strength, hot creep and wear resistance
Highest Modulus of Elasticity, poor impact strength, can be further improved with heat treatments
Less than hot chamber but better than Aluminum
Good choice for coating processes that require high temperatures. Difficult reach high cosmetic standard on plated parts
Good as cast and best in general after surface treatment
As cast depend of the alloy, Good after coating
Good electrical conductor. Good heat transfer
Best choice for heat transfer. Good electrical conductivity
Zamak12 10.5-‐11.5 0.9-‐1.5 0,015-‐0,03 reminder -‐
Zamak27 24-‐27 2.0-‐2.5 0,01-‐0,02 reminder -‐
<0,07 <0,06 <0,02 <0,006 <0,006 <0,003
<0,1 <0,08 <0,02 <0,006 <0,006 <0,003
AlSi9Cu3(Fe) reminder 2,0-‐4,0 0.05-‐0.55 <1.2 <0.55 <0.15 <0.25 <1,3 8-‐11 <0,55
AlSi8Cu3 reminder 2,0-‐3.5 0.05-‐0.55 <1.2 0.15-‐0.65 <0.15 <0.25 <0.8 7.5-‐9.5 <0,35
AlSi12(Cu) reminder <1 0.05-‐0.55 <0.55 0.05-‐0.55 <0.10 <0.20 <0,8 10,5-‐13.5 <0,3
<0.35 <0.15 <0.05 <0.25
<0.35 <0.15 <0.05 <0.25
<0.20 <0.10 <0.05 <0.25
110 75
135
131
53-‐86 0,4-‐6,4 7 too soft
8.5 20.3 30-‐100 26 4-‐15 6.6 885-‐925 380
8.47 20.3 115 28 4-‐15 6.6 885-‐925 380
7.87 16 52 12.1
1.02-‐1.21 50 -‐ 150 0,128-‐0,19 n/a
1.07 60-‐90
1.14 80-‐120
1.65 40-‐15
1.11-‐1.68 17 -‐ 104 <1? n/a
15.9
10exp15
10exp12 260
10exp10 260
10exp11 325
486
1960-‐2130 0.45
10exp12 260 1200-‐2350
16.9
175 1.2 200 -‐ 275. 40 -‐ 2400 300-‐500
Less than hot chamber but better than Aluminum
High Shrinkage and humidity make close tolerances difficult for plastics 100 to 400 Function of composition and reinforcement 100-‐2000
Notes: Mechanical & Physical Properjes -‐ the values in Italic are not stated in the respecjve standard, they are from literature. Can compete with aluminum if thinner wall sections are used. The values from different standards are omen from different test methods (specimen size , condijon, temperature) Lowest density, lower than plastic (a) Japan standard for zinc alloy is slightly different in chemical composijon, consequently cannot be used ISO, EN or US alloy as Comparable with zinc alloys subsjtujon even if mechanical properjes are technically same. Highest strength-‐to-‐weight ratio, best vibration dampening. Poorest (b) Only for zinc alloys, when 2 values, the one between brackets is referred to aged condijon, ageing at environmental temperature is impact strength. reached over 5 year, arjficial ageing can be performed at 100C during 3 hours. Good as-‐cast surface finishes can be achieved. Especially ZA2 has big decreasing of impact resistance amer ageing . Difficult to electroplating (c) Japanese specificajons allow 0.3 magnesium maximum. Japanese Difficult to reach high salt spray resistance. specificajons allow 1.0 zinc maximum. (d) EN spec. allows 1.2 max zinc and up to 0.5 max magnesium. Good electro-‐magnetic shielding DIN 1725 spec allows 0.3 max magnesium, alloy composijons shown Brass Magnesium Steel (e) EN spec. tend to be “primary based” and have low impurity limits 8,3-‐9,7 making it difficults to correlate directly to U.S. and / or Japanese alloys. <0,030 60-‐65 60-‐65 reminder 0,35-‐1,0 30-‐37 30-‐37 Rev. 06 13DEC14 Longer life than aluminum, less than half of zinc
A360 reminder <0.6 0.4-‐0.6 <0.5 <0.35
A380 reminder 3,0-‐4,0 <0,1 <3,0 <0,5
A384 reminder 3,0-‐4,5 <0,1 <3,0 <0,5
ADC10 reminder 2.0-‐4.0 <0.3 <1 <0.5
ADC11 reminder 2.5-‐4.0 <0.3 <1.2 <0.6
ADC12 reminder 1.5-‐3.5 <0.3 <1 <0.5
<1.3 9-‐10 <0,5
<2 7,5-‐9,5 <0,5
<1.3 10,5-‐12 <0,5
<1.3 7.5-‐9.5 <0.5
<0.2 <1.3 7.5-‐9.5 <0.5
<1.3 9.6-‐12 <0.5
<0.2
<0.3 <0.2
0,15-‐0,50
0,3-‐0,6
<0,005 <0,10 <0,002
<0,1
0,17-‐0,23
<0.25
<0,5
<0,5
<1 <0.2
Injection Molding
0,8-‐1,4
Zinc Alloys (omitted alloys 6, 7 and 16)
Commercial Name
Zamak3
Applicable standard in Europe Designation according European standard (EN) / International Standard (ISO)
Applicable standard in Japan Japan standard designation
ZP3 ZP0400 ZnAl4
MPa MPa GPa MPa x 10³ % % MPa MPa Joules MPa Brinell x107N.m-‐3/2 % % g/cm3 x10-‐6/°C W/m/hr/m2 % IACS MS/mm² μohm -‐ cm °C J/kg/°C
+/-‐ µm mm shots/hour shots/hour shots*10³
ZP5 ZP0410 ZnAl4Cu1
HF
HF
AG-‐41A
Aluminum Alloys (most used) Zamak8
ZP8 ZP0810 ZnAl8Cu1 EAZALL
Zamak27
ZP12 ZP1110 ZnAl11Cu1
ZP27 ZP2720 ZnAl27Cu2
AlSi9Cu3
AlSi8Cu3
AlSi12
A360
ZA8
A380
AlSi9Cu3(Fe) EN46000
AlSi8Cu3 EN-‐46200
AlSi12(Cu) EN47000
ADC10
AlSi8Cu3 (d)
ADC12
Plastics
Steel
AZ91
Steel
ABS
PA 66
PA66+PA6
50% fiber
30%Nylon
EN1753
DIN1.0402
ISO 1874
ISO 1874
ISO 1874
ISO 1874
ISO 1875
25-‐65 25 -‐ 65 1,79-‐3,2 1606-‐5903 1,7-‐6 2 -‐ 110
55-‐90 80 0,7-‐1,8
40-‐70 45 7,5-‐27
240-‐250 17,5-‐18
n/a 155-‐210 3.2 -‐ 12.7 n/a
9-‐50
4-‐15 25-‐50
2
3-‐5
no break
no break
8
too soft
too soft
too soft
5 15 too soft
CuZn38
CuZn35Pb2
B 85/B 85M -‐08
ZA12
ZA27
A380
A360
A380
A384
A380
A383
AISI1020
JIS H 5302-‐2000
ZDC2 (a)
ADC10
Hot or Cold Chamber High Pressure Die Casting 221 308 (241) 96 33+ 2-‐10 (16) 6.3 214 (214) 414 (414) 46 (44) 48 97 (72) 2.25 18 40 6.7 27.4 113 27 15-‐16 6.37 381-‐387 419 0.07 0.30 100 0.4
ADC11
AlSi9Cu3
H 5301-‐1990 ZDC1 (a)
Brass
Magnesium
A384
EN1706-‐2010 / ISO3522-‐2007(E)
ASTM-‐B791
NADCA
AG-‐43A
269 283 396 241(200) 331 (269) 397 (331) 276 (234) 96 96 91.7 33+ 33+ 2-‐7 (13) 2-‐7 (2) 5 5.3 (9.9) 3.6 6 262 (262) 317 (317) 600 (600) 641 (641) 52 (42) 38 (5) 38 (28) 57 59 114 (80) 130 (98) 68 HRB 93 (71) 2.1 19 19 41 42 6.7 6.8 6.6 27.4 27.8 26.2 109 105 113 26 25 15-‐16 15-‐16 6.54 6.85 380-‐386 379-‐390 377-‐412 380-‐384 419 419 403 0.08 0.08 0.30 0.30 0.3 0.3 100 100 100 100 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.3 Large 200-‐500 Small 400-‐1000 Tiny 2000-‐3000 200 -‐ 3600 300 -‐ 2,000
Al-‐Si12Cu
CC HPDC 283-‐296 374 (297) 96 33+ 4-‐13 (18) 8 275 (228) 252 (172) 42 (24) 103 (91) 1.95 20 44 6.3 23.3 112 27.7 15-‐16 6.2 375-‐404 435 0.11 0.30 100 0.6
Die casjng alloy selecjon requires Tooling Longest tooling life, can reach several million shots. Significant long-‐term tooling cost savings evaluajon not only of physical and mechanical properjes, Fastest / cheaper (hot-‐chamber) process possible on smaller parts. Best on miniature parts with and chemical composijon, but also of Cost inherent alloy characterisjcs and their Multislide process. effect on die casjng producjon as well as possible machining Heaviest of die cast alloys, but castable with thinner walls than aluminum, which can offset the weight Weight and final surface finishing. disadvantage. This table includes selected die casjng and other special characterisjcs which Dimensional Best of castable alloys (except ZA2), normally near net shape achievable. Accuracy and are usually considered in selecjng an Best part to part stability alloy for a specific applicajon. Complexity The characterisjcs are rated from best to Structural Highest d uctility and impact strength (except ZA2). poorest, being the best the most Properties and Poor hot creep performance desirable and poorest being the least. Wear Resistance In applying these rajngs, it should be noted that all the alloys have sufficiently Surface Finish & Best as-‐cast surface finish readily accepts electro coatings and decorative finishes. good characterisjcs to be accepted by Coatings users and producers of die casjngs. A rajng of poorest in one or more Corrosion Good as cast and best in general after surface treatment categories would not rule out an alloy if Resistance other atributes are parjcularly favorable, but rajngs of poorest may Conductivity, & Best electrical conductor. Good heat transfer present manufacturing difficuljes. EMI / RFI Shielding The benefi ts of consuljng a custom die caster experienced in casjng the alloy Zamak3 Zamak5 Zamak2 EZAC HF Zamak8 Material being 3.7-‐4.3 3.7-‐4.4 3.7-‐4.5 4.3-‐4.7 8.0-‐8.8 Al% considered are clear. <0.05 0.7-‐1.25 2.7-‐3.3 0.03 0.9-‐1.1 Cu% Die casjngs are not usually solujon heat 0.02-‐0.06 0.02-‐0.06 0.02-‐0.06 0.01 0,015-‐0,03 Mg% treated. Low-‐temperature aging treatments may be used for stress relief reminder reminder reminder reminder reminder Zn% Proprietary or dimensional stability. -‐ -‐ -‐ -‐ -‐ Mn% Estern Alloys Only for Al alloys temper may be given Cr% chemical to improve properjes. composition, Ti% Die casjngs are not generally gas or arc around Al7.3 <0,05 <0,05 <0,05 <0.03 <0,05 Fe% welded or brazed. and Cu2.8 + <0,03 <0,03 <0,03 <0,045 Si% Ti0.16 a nd C r0.1 <0,02 <0,02 <0,02 <0,02 Ni% <0,005 <0,005 <0,005 <0.002 <0,006 Cd% <0,005 <0,005 <0,005 <0,003 <0,006 Pb% <0,002 <0,002 <0,002 <0,001 <0,003 Sn%
Others each Others tot.
Zamak12
EN12844-‐1998 / ISO15201-‐2006(E)
ZP2 ZP0430 ZnAl4Cu3
ASTM-‐B86 AG-‐40A
Casting technology / mfg process Yield Strength Ultimate Tensile Strength (b) Youngs Modulus Torsional Modulus Elongation at Fmax (b) Elongation at Fracture Shear Strength Compressive Yield Stress Impact Resistance (b) Fatigue Resistance (5x10to8) Hardness (b) Fracture Toughness Kic Damping Capacity @ 35 MPa Damping Capacity @ 100 MPa Density Coeff. of Thermal Expansion Thermal Conductivity Electrical Conductivity Electrical Conductivity Electrical Resistivity Melting Temperature Range Specific Heat Capacity Coeff. of Friction Poisson Ratio Typical Precision over 100 mm Min Wall Thickness Typical Production Speeds Productivity Range Typical Tool Life
Zamak2
EN12844-‐1998 / ISO15201-‐2006(E)
Applicable standard in US (ANSI / AA/ ASTM) Designation according US standard
Zamak5
ADC10 (c)
ADC12 (c)
ADC10
ADC11
ADC12
Cold Chamber High Pressure Die Casting
310-‐331 404 (310) 86
359-‐379 426 (359) 78
4-‐10 (20) 5 296 (228) 269 (186) 28 (20)
2-‐3.5 (3)
100 (91)
ADC3 (c)
325 (255) 258 (255) 12.7 (5) 119 (100)
6 24.1 116 28.3 16 6.1 377-‐432 450
5 26 125 29.7 17 5.8 377-‐484 525
0.30 250 0.9 200-‐300 250 700
0.30 300 1.2 100-‐300 175 500
Cold/Hot
CC HPDC
Extrusion
Stamping
140 240 71 26.9
140 240
140 240 (71) (26.9)
170 317 71
160 317 71
165 330
157 241
154 228
111-‐170 200-‐260 44 16.5
120 280 110
330 435 105
345 440 200
<1 195
1
<1 186
3.5 180
3.5 190
2.5 200
1.5
1.4
4
30 295
35.8
120 75
4 140 80
7 138 108-‐159 3.7 -‐ 6 50-‐70 63-‐85
3.4 60-‐90 80 3.6(?) 1 4 2.79 21 110-‐120 24 13-‐17 6.4 538-‐593 963
80
110-‐130 14-‐18
250-‐350 1
4 60-‐90 80 3.6(?) 1 4 2.65 20 130-‐150 27 16-‐22 7.5 516-‐582 960
2.63 21 113
2.74 22 96.2 27
2.82 21 96.2 22
557-‐596 963
540-‐595 963
516-‐582
250-‐350 1
0.33 250-‐349 0.3
0.33 250-‐350 1.3 50 -‐250 30 -‐ 350 80-‐300
140 85
83
86
25 53 1.82 25.2 -‐ 26.0 51 -‐ 72.7 11.5 -‐ 12.1 6-‐10 468-‐598 1020
250-‐350 1.3
Limited tooling life, surface appearance quality (cracks) can determinate shorter (<50K shots) tooling life
Near net shape achievable. Longer cycle time
Lowest cost per unit volume. Most of time relevant secondary process are requested. Most of time assembly interface request machining
Weight reduction compared with the Zinc family of alloys.
Second lowest in density next to magnesium.
Less than hot chamber but better than Aluminum
Near net shape are possible, but accurate interface many time need machining, mainly small size geometries Draft allowance on holes at least 0.5 degree per side
Highest yield strength, hot creep and wear resistance
Highest Modulus of Elasticity, poor impact strength, can be further improved with heat treatments
Less than hot chamber but better than Aluminum
Good choice for coating processes that require high temperatures. Difficult reach high cosmetic standard on plated parts
Good as cast and best in general after surface treatment
As cast depend of the alloy, Good after coating
Good electrical conductor. Good heat transfer
Best choice for heat transfer. Good electrical conductivity
Zamak12 10.5-‐11.5 0.9-‐1.5 0,015-‐0,03 reminder -‐
Zamak27 24-‐27 2.0-‐2.5 0,01-‐0,02 reminder -‐
<0,07 <0,06 <0,02 <0,006 <0,006 <0,003
<0,1 <0,08 <0,02 <0,006 <0,006 <0,003
AlSi9Cu3(Fe) reminder 2,0-‐4,0 0.05-‐0.55 <1.2 <0.55 <0.15 <0.25 <1,3 8-‐11 <0,55
AlSi8Cu3 reminder 2,0-‐3.5 0.05-‐0.55 <1.2 0.15-‐0.65 <0.15 <0.25 <0.8 7.5-‐9.5 <0,35
AlSi12(Cu) reminder <1 0.05-‐0.55 <0.55 0.05-‐0.55 <0.10 <0.20 <0,8 10,5-‐13.5 <0,3
<0.35 <0.15 <0.05 <0.25
<0.35 <0.15 <0.05 <0.25
<0.20 <0.10 <0.05 <0.25
110 75
135
131
53-‐86 0,4-‐6,4 7 too soft
8.5 20.3 30-‐100 26 4-‐15 6.6 885-‐925 380
8.47 20.3 115 28 4-‐15 6.6 885-‐925 380
7.87 16 52 12.1
1.02-‐1.21 50 -‐ 150 0,128-‐0,19 n/a
1.07 60-‐90
1.14 80-‐120
1.65 40-‐15
1.11-‐1.68 17 -‐ 104 <1? n/a
15.9
10exp15
10exp12 260
10exp10 260
10exp11 325
486
1960-‐2130 0.45
10exp12 260 1200-‐2350
16.9
175 1.2 200 -‐ 275. 40 -‐ 2400 300-‐500
Less than hot chamber but better than Aluminum
High Shrinkage and humidity make close tolerances difficult for plastics 100 to 400 Function of composition and reinforcement 100-‐2000
Notes: Mechanical & Physical Properjes -‐ the values in Italic are not stated in the respecjve standard, they are from literature. Can compete with aluminum if thinner wall sections are used. The values from different standards are omen from different test methods (specimen size , condijon, temperature) Lowest density, lower than plastic (a) Japan standard for zinc alloy is slightly different in chemical composijon, consequently cannot be used ISO, EN or US alloy as Comparable with zinc alloys subsjtujon even if mechanical properjes are technically same. Highest strength-‐to-‐weight ratio, best vibration dampening. Poorest (b) Only for zinc alloys, when 2 values, the one between brackets is referred to aged condijon, ageing at environmental temperature is impact strength. reached over 5 year, arjficial ageing can be performed at 100C during 3 hours. Good as-‐cast surface finishes can be achieved. Especially ZA2 has big decreasing of impact resistance amer ageing . Difficult to electroplating (c) Japanese specificajons allow 0.3 magnesium maximum. Japanese Difficult to reach high salt spray resistance. specificajons allow 1.0 zinc maximum. (d) EN spec. allows 1.2 max zinc and up to 0.5 max magnesium. Good electro-‐magnetic shielding DIN 1725 spec allows 0.3 max magnesium, alloy composijons shown Brass Magnesium Steel (e) EN spec. tend to be “primary based” and have low impurity limits 8,3-‐9,7 making it difficults to correlate directly to U.S. and / or Japanese alloys. <0,030 60-‐65 60-‐65 reminder 0,35-‐1,0 30-‐37 30-‐37 Rev. 06 13DEC14 Longer life than aluminum, less than half of zinc
A360 reminder <0.6 0.4-‐0.6 <0.5 <0.35
A380 reminder 3,0-‐4,0 <0,1 <3,0 <0,5
A384 reminder 3,0-‐4,5 <0,1 <3,0 <0,5
ADC10 reminder 2.0-‐4.0 <0.3 <1 <0.5
ADC11 reminder 2.5-‐4.0 <0.3 <1.2 <0.6
ADC12 reminder 1.5-‐3.5 <0.3 <1 <0.5
<1.3 9-‐10 <0,5
<2 7,5-‐9,5 <0,5
<1.3 10,5-‐12 <0,5
<1.3 7.5-‐9.5 <0.5
<0.2 <1.3 7.5-‐9.5 <0.5
<1.3 9.6-‐12 <0.5
<0.2
<0.3 <0.2
0,15-‐0,50
0,3-‐0,6
<0,005 <0,10 <0,002
<0,1
0,17-‐0,23
<0.25
<0,5
<0,5
<1 <0.2
Injection Molding
0,8-‐1,4
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