Foods And Applied Nutrition.ppt

Any substance used by a living body to promote growth, maintain and repair body tissues, regulate body processes, and supply energy.

 The study of food in relation to

health. It is also the process by which you take in and assimilate the right amount of nutrients to keep you healthy and strong.

 The intake of the proper amount

and kinds of food that will promote physical and mental health.

 To build and repair body tissues

 To provide heat and energy

for the body

 To build and maintain bone

structure

 To regulate body processes.

 Nutrition is the food you eat

and the way the body uses it.



Food is made up of different nutrient needed by the body for growth and health.

 All persons throughout life have need

for the same nutrients but in varying amounts.

 The way food is handled influences

the amounts of nutrients in food, its safety appearance and taste.  Handling means anything that happens to food while it is being grown, processed, stored and prepared for eating.

The cells in the body

use the nutrients and release energy as heat.

 Heat energy is measured in calories.

A calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water, one degree Celsius. Food varies in calorie content.

 Plants are the sources of

carbohydrates. Carbohydrates contain 4 calories per gram. Carbohydrates may be simple or complex.

 Sugars that are naturally found

in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and milk products.

 Found in starches or in

cellulose which is the indigestible plant in matter commonly called fiber.

 Fats and oils contain 9 calories

per gram, more than double the calorie content of carbohydrates. Fats are digested more slowly than other foods.

 Foods containing fat satisfy one

faster and remain in the body for a long period of time. Increased intake of fatty foods could lead to obesity and heart disease.

 Fats and oils contain saturated or

unsaturated fatty acids.

 Saturated fats increase the

cholesterol level in the blood. Cholesterol is a waxy substance which can cause deposit build up in the blood vessels, causing heart disease.

 Saturated fats become solid at room

temperature. Animal fat and other by-products such as butter, cheese, and vegetable oil contain high amounts of saturated fats.

 Unsaturated fats are liquid at

room temperature and they help lower the cholesterol level. Corn and olive oil re good sources of unsaturated fats.

 Protein are used by the body

in building and repairing its cells. Proteins are composed of building blocks called amino acids.

 Complete Protein

 Contains all the essential amino

acids needed by the body. Animal and fish protein contain large amounts of essential amino acids

 Incomplete Protein

 Are low in certain essential

amino acids. Plants supply incomplete protein.

 Infants, teenagers, pregnant,

and nursing mothers need additional proteins. More protein is also needed when body protein is lost during illness or injury.

 Minerals are taken in smaller

amounts than other nutrients and they are used for formation of bones and teeth, and growth of body cells.

 Calcium and Phosphorus

 They are necessary for the

formation of bones and teeth. Calcium is necessary for clotting of the blood and for normal action of he heart and nerves.

 Iron and Copper

 Work together in the

bloodstream. Iron is found in the hemoglobin of the blood.

 Iodine

 Prevents the development of

a thyroid condition called goiter

Sodium and chlorine

Necessary to maintain

the proper water balance in the body



Vitamins  Needed for stimulating growth and other body activities. When vitamins are lost during food processing and then replaced, the food is said to be enriched. Fortified foods have extra vitamins added.

 Water

 Water is not considered as food

but it is a nutrient. Without water, we will die. Excessive loss of water from the body is called dehydration.

 A well-shaped skeletal frame.  Normal weight for one’s age and

height.  Good appetite  A well-developed body  A pleasant disposition

 Healthy gums and a good set of

teeth  Clear eyes  Clean and smooth skin  A general appearance of vitality  Good body posture  Absence of any pain  Resistance to infection

 Is the relative lack or absolute

deficiency, or excess of one or more essential nutrients. This results when the body does not get the right amount of nutrients.

 Describes the present state of

nutrition as indicated by your weight in proportion to your height.

 Describes the state of nutrition as

shown by your height in relation to your age. Chronic malnutrition is indicated by stunted growth.

 Underweight or overweight for

one’s age

Poor appetite

 Weak and Tired

 Cannot Sleep

 Pale

 Sores appear at corners of the

mouth

 Cannot see well in dim light.

 The most common and widespread

form of malnutrition is PROTEIN ENERGY MALNUTRITION (PEM). Infants and young children are the ones seriously affected by this form of malnutrition

 Is caused by sever lack of protein

and may occur even if the children are getting enough calories from energy foods.

 Children affected by kwashiorkor

have smaller faces, wrinkled legs and arms and undeveloped muscles. Their hair gets thinner and in general, they show stunted growth. They also have low resistance against infection.

 Caused by lack of calories or

inadequate amount of protein. Children with marasmus are reduced to skin and bones.. They look like old people with withered and wrinkled faces.

 Is a form of malnutrition.

It results form inadequate intake of essential nutrients over an extended period of time.