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KEY
• ••
J apanese Empire 1870
River
Borders
Railway
, l:'" .... ChiangfKai-sh~k mobilised his Chinese
the' Japanese Marines in Shanghai on 13, .escalated into the Battle of Shanghai, in~~ Japinese troops committed to the capru:"more than three months of intense figh 't~e Japanese, but casuaJties far exceedea'" By the end of 1937 the Japanese had ci J~~u:omiptanggovernm~nt'~citpital city 0f ,ahd northern:, Shia~?,:! ro c~~ p
KEY
Road
1111 Marsh
River
Soviet Positions
Soviet Attacks
Sand
Japanese Attacks
SOVIET FORCES
r -tt t
Motorised Company
Cavalry Regiment
Sapper Company
WMachine-gun Battalion
)( :{ . ;~'"'iWar' a wi,th th~·"uppi'ecedented 'defeat of the J~ and, G~an~l pf()v~,nce.' These outcom ,Chinese to launch their fi{st large-sc~l against the Japanese in early 1940, tho,ug and limited offensive experience le4: ~ Afterwards Chiang Kai-shek could not ris. due to the disorganised state of his ar~ qpposition to ,his leadership. '
t:'
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"'the
OUi',,' :, It Y7\~tth;;.tJid"2' 71 St and 72~d 'Infantry ~Regi~ents ;~izirig' the, high grou overloo»ing:tl;te Halha JUver. The, following day tHey push acrdss ti~er a~d cl~~red the Soviets from the B~intsag' Heights overlooking the opposite bank. A~ the same ,ti~er, force cQnsisting of the Japanese 3 rd and 4~ :rinM Re,girPi~n, 64 th Infahtiy Regiment apd the veteran 7tl;, Infantry bivisi~ 28 th Infantry ,Regimen~>attacked~~§~vi~t 'p~sitiQns, o~; Manchurian side of the Halha, Riv~r., The Japanes'e"at high ground jU,st past Nomorihan. On 11 May* supplies and ammunition. With this limitation in mind ~ '9';Manchukuoan cavalry (allies of the Japanes~) drove the Japanese decided to withdraw back across, the Halha Ri ongolian' forces out. Two days later the MongoJians ~:~d;~ 13ut ,this time the, Mongolians could not be evicted. ' on 5 July. " Japanes~1 Kwantung Army, as the Japanese forces in Meanwhile, an attack by 'the J ~panese tflhks' had failed ::"~huria ~er~ called, stepped in. The! 23 rd Infantry break through the Soviet,positions 'despite th'e'loss ofhal£t i;~9n,- which was responsible for border' security' in Japanese tanks. The 23 rd Division's "64 th Infantry. Regime region, mobilised its 64 th Infantry Regiment and its and the 7 th Division) 11 Batt;lion/28 th Infantry' RegitIJe , .:nais~~nce unit, the Azuma Detachment, and sent them were also unable to penetrate the Soviet lines.'"''Jhe b~ttl~:, ~~~' the Mon!?olians. the eastern side of the Halha centred around the attempts retake Hill 733 from the Soviets. ~~ol1gRlians· refused to take the bait and withdrew ~ the Halha River, where Soviet and Mongolian troops Between 7 and 22 July heavy fighting focused on a fo' begun to build-up in increasing numbers. A week later kilometre area betw
. ': g ti:ng. 1 . ' ',: :",,)ithe I~rerial Japanese -(f constant .tension with: ~the Soviet"Union on the :>.d-M·ongolian b6rders ~ith;Ma1).churia. By taking >l(~~ of Manchuria the. Japanese now had a 3,000 mile ~with t~e SOV!~;~ Uniol} and between 1932 and 1939: her'", ,of claspe:s. occurred ,
"
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, " ".'
,
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'
'th'e
I",
Ug
,rn,
~~
Command Sword team
•
•
• •
~,~~~ MG team
...
Command Type 94 TK !
...
~"'.I:.ur."'"
-
Command Type 94 TK !
ENTRENCHED POSITION
STRONGPOINT FORTIFICATION
Strongpoint with:
4 Trench Lines, 2 Barbed Wire Entanglements and 1 HMG Nest
:tnlt HMG Nest
OPTIONS •
Add Trench Line for + 5 points.
....L ....L Trench Line
Trench Line
$0 J
Add Barbed Wire Ent:mglement for + 10 points.
!::€?±
Barbed Wire Entanglement
A Platoon with an Entrenched Position attached is a Fortified Platoon) see page 262 the rulebook.
....L ....L Trench Line
Trench Line
~~§:~,=:iI:.~~ Barbed Wire Entanglement
STRONGPOINT
An Entrenched Position must be attached to a platoon containing only Infantry or Man-packed Gun teams.
STRONGPOINT FORTIFICATION
Trench Line and:
~
4 Gun Pits 2 Gun Pits
$"" S~·'"
A Platoon with a Gun Position attached is a Fortified Platoon) see page 262 the rulebook. A Gun Position must be attached to a platoon containing Gun teams.
Gun Pit
Gun Pit '>",
-
Gun Pit
•
t"" Gun Pit
....L Trench Line
Top', Firepower
Standard Tank
1
1
1
Standard Tank
1
1
Japanese Turret MC, Hull MC.
24"/60cm
2
5
1 4+ 1 4+
Japanese Turret MC, Hull MC.
Japanese Turret MC, "Hull MC.
Slow Tank
1
1
16"/40cm
2
5
Standard Tank
16'740crfJ
2
2
;;,2
5
1 4+
2
6
MC.
One-man turret.
,.
" 16"/40cm
3
ROF 1 if other weapons fire.
Firepower
Man-packed
24"/60cm
6
2
6
Light
24"/60cm
3
6
4+
Light
24"/60cm
3
7
4+
Man-packed
16"/40cm 40"/100cm
2
3 2
3+ 6
Light
16"/40cm 64"/160cm
2
Notes
Curl shield.
Heavy
Immobile
40"/100cm 96"/240cm
14 4
2+ 4+
Cun shield.
Immobile
24"/60cm 80"/200cm
12
1+ 2+
Cun shield, Bunker bust~r.
~,~J"
5
•
KEY
River
Road
11 Marsh
Sand
Japanese Positions
Soviet Deployment
Japanese Deployment
Soviet Attacks
Japanese Attacks
SOVIET FORCES
Rifle Regiment
r
'"
.
'
'le Japanese' cotn~anders on the ground' took the matter
kxo~ recommending t:hat a formal protest be sent to the USS ~·,tJapanes·~ att~che i~ Moscow d
~
Motor Rifle Regiment
Rifle Machine-gun Brigade
Cavalry Regiment
J
f,
Motorised Armoured Regiment
~
Infantry Brigade
Armoured Regiment
JAPANESE FORCES
~
Infantry Regiment
:e;l~p?anese ,launched tlieir first' attack on 29 July 1938. it elied, but th~ Japanese: ke'pt up the pressure a~q on 31 July t" yi'et ttoop:sl;>were,forced to retreat. The Japanese 19 th Divisi ~g 'with sOIIl~ Manchukuo' (the renamed Japanese, controlJ. hc4'uriad~~st~te) units engaged the Soviets. The Japan'ese 7" i).tr¥ Regiment expelled. Soviet troops from the hill i "~ sortie, the execution ~f which became a Japanese mod ';'!Pl;~saults .on"fortified"po~iti6ns. Fighting fqr'the high grou ntinueg ba<;:kwards and forwards. i
t
~
Manchurian Cavalry Regiment
,Jl 31 Jtily the Soviets moBilised the 1st Coastal Army and t acifjc.Fleet. Additional Soviet fortes were moved to the,L' , asan area~~ Fighting heated up between 2 and 9 August and t anese f~rces were decisively defeated and throw'n ouf of t '~~t territory., ~er negotiations hostilities halted on 11 Augus
,-THE BATTLES FOR KHALKHIN GOL., '-. ,e ,B~ttles of Khalkhin Gol (known as Nomonhan Incident 'e ) apanese, after a ne~fby village) were caHsed by yeti, anot '\r4~r" d~marcation ;dispute,: }his time the areq unde,r 'di§p,i~ as'"between 'Mongolia and Manchuria along th~ river Khal of (Halha' ~o the Japanese) in the northwest of Manchuf ',e JapaQese believed the. border ran along the river, while t ',', ongol~ahs and Soviets believed the bo~der was along the hi 9und ~ast of the river near the village of Nomonhan. j
ter the battles at Lake. Khasan the Soviets had decided
,d'e~ any border encroach~~nts with a heavy hand. Initially t 'ispute had begun with:':ligR;t skirmishing between M9ngolt, nd l0anchurian cava!ry' on' 1 i May. The Japanese~scalai he 'dispute by sending 'troops, to clear the eastern bank of alkhin Gol. The Japanese troops were quickly surroun nd destroyed on 21 May. The Soviets and Mongolians built err troops in the area and held off two more Japanese; offensi uring July. In August they launched an offensive of their 0 J~,h;h overwhelmed two Japanese divisions and seized the hi r~und around Nomonhan (see page 9 for more detail). e Nomonhan incident was officially concluded by the Molotd . gp agreement, which was signed on 15 September 1939, taki . es:t ~n.16 Septe1pb~r .1939. 1}1~ pext daY-,Stali,J1.,ordered.t
" ."'
iasion1'OfP~:;t:<:'··
.,
"
.
"~"Y'.~'
'tf.
6
Anti-aircraft.
6
Hull mounted) Portee.
6
ROF 1 if other weapons fire.
Notes
2
6
ROF 3 when pinned down or moving.
5
3+ 6
Gun shield.
3
16"/40cm 64"/160cm
2
Man-packed
16"/40cm
4
4
5+
Anti-aircraft, Turntable.
Light
24"/60cm
3
7
4+
Gun shield.
Heavy
24"/60cm 64"/160cm
2
8
3+ 6
Gun shield.
24"/60crt). 72"/180cm
2
3+ 6
Gun shield.
32"/80cm 80"/200cm
2
3+ 6
Gun shield.
2+ 4+
Breakthrough gun, Gun shield. Breakthrough gun, Gun shield.
Light
'He,avy Heavy
Immobile Immobile Immobile
fi
3
9 3 10 3
24"/60cm
9
72"/180cm
4
16"/40cm
't 6
2+
64"/160cm
4
3+
24"/60cm 80"/200cm
7 4
3+
j6"/40cm
8
72~'/180cm
5
32"/80cm 88"/220cm
13 5
2+
Breakthrough gun, Gun shield.
1,+ 2+
Bunker buster, Gun shield.
1+ 2+
Bunker buster, Gun shield.
During tiie~losing daY~'<0f 1939' (1)e o~oJhe md~'t,~" military, contests of Wofld War ~~tcurfed. The Union, ~ith ~. population'::of 119 rrii~lli~n, iA<~~deq ':fill" with a pOj?,ulation of ;,:3 millio.~.':1his followed, Fi111~ refusal%>of St~np.'s 'd~mands for k~i ter~itory alonglJ1eJr<5:~. Even with',fl~i{ a.rmy and militar:~,;:te'servesfu~Jy mobili~~~;'; Finnish a~myof 11 divtsipns ~P(t2oo,60'o ql~n ",as 4op.~le outnumbered by the invadi~g Soviet'£6~Q~'o( 28 'di~is'i,;; and 600',000 m~n. Later reihfo~€~rventi brqught the. t~ta~ Soviet combatants engag~d ;to.\l over , 1 mHl,ion men. Iriier ofequ}pmefl.t the comparison was even wot,se: the Finn~ only 34\tmks and 60 aircr;ft, compared to.over 2000F~ and 800 aircraft for'J~he Soviets. The' only real assets ~;t· Finnisp. army were a cadre ;of experienced officers wh~:\v vetera~s of t,~e German army Jigers (light infantry) ofWo War One, and rigorous reg~lar training of all'spldiers in mainly c?ns,cript army. "J"
'~, :,t . 'Soviet Union signed a non~aggtession pact 1~!a~a~. However,' relations betwe€n th~', two coun,::,": l~'edffrosty. Finnish foreign trade~'D'()omed, but 10/0 oE'Fin'nish trade was with the Soviet Union. ;:p~gand.a,painted Finland's leadership as a 'vicious ~t~pna~-t Fascist clique.' When ]oseph Stalin gained sb' e "power through the Great Purge of 1938, the tilon changed its foreign policy toward Finland. The·' , nion began pursuing the reconquest of the former , (i~ of the o~d Russian Empire, including Finland.
,dber
193~
the Soviet
tJni~n
demanded that the
~~tween the' Soviet Unl'~n and Finland, on the I~th~l1s, be moved"westward to a point or;ly 30 km
On 30 N<;?vember 1939 the Soviets atta,~ked all along frontier. The main force marched across the' Karelian isthm from Leningrad and tried tq smash through die Mannethei Line fortifications. Other Soviet'corps att;lt1{eqthrough~'! farm areas 'in eastern Karelia an~ through fores'ted' coun~ 0 in the centre and north of Finland. "~Jhe Sovietsw~re pod trained and lacked experienced officers after the army pur by Stalin, but still expt?cted an easy victory, if,pot outiC capitulation by their f o e . ' The Finnish troops turned out to be a fierce 'adversa employing 'motti" (~ncirclement) tactics in the for~sts 'a' capitaliZing on their local knowledge of climat<; and·t~~ra· At Tolvajarvi in Kar;elia ~nd Suomussalmi iq~,centr~l Finla~ Finnish forces, not,?nly stopped the Sovi6f' at~,a~k;~~s.', en,circled and destroyed four Soviet divis19;n~., The':;cai?tU armaments were rushed south to bolster the defences. >0
e~s), east of Viipuri and that th~ Finns destroy their
,'at1Q~s on the Karelian Isthmus. They also demanded
KARELIAN ISTHMUS
';,:' s:in the Gulf of Finland and the Kalastajansaarento :+In'exchange the Soviets would give up some terthe Fi;nns. ,'~
On the Mannerheim line 'a comb~ination of determi tion, skilfully-sited ;cr~fences, and improvised petrol born (derisively nicknaII!ed Molotov Cocktails after the SO~l: Foreign Minister) halted the ,Soviet assault with heavy loss Weather conditions f0(~:ihe" winter of 1939/40 were hars: ",' .,(otf. , temperatures of -40 Cel;Hls were no~> unusual, andt~·e Fi were able to use uh\$' i~' their adva;tage. After' tW(l~mo the ,Red Army had ~ade err;bar~as;inglylittle progress. /
oviet ofter divided the Finnish govef~!llent, but it ,entu~lly
>
0
Roads
Rivers
Border,
Soviet Attacks
1939
Pi
•III Railway
Finnish Attacks
---
EIGHTH ARMY 9 Infantry divisions and 1 Armoured Brigade
SUPREME COMMAND
MANNERHEIM
SEVENTH ARMY 8 Infantry divisions and 5 Armoured Brigades
FORTIFICATION 2 Minefields 1 Minefield
•
FORTIFICATION
••• • ••
FORTIFICATION
9- ; \
! 14¥ :t ~ - \
Barbed Wire Entanglement
:1~
\
!
J; =¥
Barbed Wire Entanglement
At:;}
t' -I; ¥
Barbed Wire Entanglement
:1: \ 1?f2F
I
J; I: §t~;,
Barbed Wire Entanglement
3:~
\ :t r ¥ +$: \ I Barbed Wire Entanglement
j- \
I -J;4
§t~;\
j-; \
I
J; ¥
I
Aj~
\
:t
Barbed Wire Entanglement
~
~
~
~
~
~
~
~ -_.
~
Trench Line
Trench Line
Trench Line
'F ¥
Barbed Wire Entanglement
FORTIFICATION
9 Trench Lines 3 Trench Lines
Barbed Wire Entanglement
Barbed Wire Entanglement
Barbed Wire Entanglement
6 Trench Lines
I
Barbed Wire Entanglement
Trench Line
Trench Line
Trench Line
Trench Line
Trench Line
Trench Line
JAAKARI ANTI-TANK PLATOON PLATOON HQ Section with:
2 37 Pstk/36 245 Pstkl37
OPTION •
---
.I.
1\';\ Command Rifle team
-- .A':I.I[."~I
r - ".. - t
Replace Command Rifle team with a Command Close-defence Rifle team for + 5 points.
'\ - ".. - t
.I.
--Ail~~
--Ail~~
Anti-tank gun
'-
.I.
Anti-tank gun
.]~--
.I.
.I.
'-
.I.
.]~--
.I.
JAAKARI TANK-HUNTER PLATOON PLATOON HQ Section with:
2 Boys anti-tank rifle teams 2 Lahti anti-tank rifles
OPTIONS
--
•
Replace anti-tank rifle teams with Close-defence Rifle teams at no cost.
•
Add Close-defence Rifle teams for +25 points per team.
LUUTNANTTI
Command Close-defence Rifle team
• t
~~
Anti-tank Rifle
.I.
• t
~~
Anti-tank Rifle
.I.
Top "Firepower
Slow Tank 24),/60cm
0 2
6
0
1 4+
Co-ax MG, Hull SMG, Limited vision, Unreliable.
Slo;'Tank 24',/60cm
1 2
7
1 4+
Co-ax MG, Limit~d visipn, Unreliabl~.
Standard Tank 24',/60cm
0 2
7
1 4+
Co-ax MG, Fast tank, Limited vision, Unreliable.
Standai(j·'Tahk 24'Y60cm
1 2
';1,
,1
Co-ax MG, Fast t~nk, Limited vision, Unreliable.'
7
4+
Slow Tank
4
3
2
24),/60cm
2
7
3+
16',/40cm
3
2
6
ROF 1 if other weapons fire.
4''110cm
3
1
6
ROF 1 if other ,weapons fire.
1
0
Two Deck-turret MG, Turret-front MG, Turret-rear MG, Limited Vision, Unreliable, Wide tracks.
Firepowet
Man-packed
24"/60cm
6
2
6
Man-packed
16"/40cm
3
5
5+
24"/60cm
2
2
3+
Smoke, Minimum range 8"/20cm.
2
6
Smoke bombardment.
Man-packed
40"/100cm Light
16"/40cm
3
6
5+,
Gun shield, No HE.
Light
24"/60cm
3
6
4+
Gun shield.
Light
24"/60cm
3
6
4+
Gun shield.
Light
24"/60cm
3
7
4+
Gun shield.
Light
16"/40cm
4
5
5+
Anti-aircraft, Turntable.
Immobile
24"/60cm
4
6
4+
Anti-aircraft, Turntable.
Heavy
24"/60cm 64"/160cm
2
8
3+ 6
Smoke bombardment. Breakthrough gun, Gun shield.
Immobile
i18 howitzer (OQF 4.5")
Heavy
,ring bombardments Immobile °owit~er (l55mm C mle 1917 S)
b~Fdments
Immobile
3
Gun shield, Smoke.
24"/60cm
9
2+
80"/200cm
4
4+
24"/60cm 64"/160cm
7 4
3+
Breakthrough gun, Gun shield,' Smoke. Smoke bombardment. ;'
16"/40cm 64"/160cm
6 4
2+
Breakthrough gun, Gun shield.
3+
16"/40cm 72"/180cm
10 5
1+ 2+
>
Bunker buster, Gun shield.
_~~_
Front
Side
Top
Wheeled Wagon
Wagon
R~ge
Anti-t'?~i;'FFirepower
I6"/40cm
2
6
4" /10cm
1
6
I6"/40cm
4
5+ "6
2
6
4"/10cm I6"/40cm
~ ADDITIONAL TRAINING AND EQUIPM~N'T Close-defence and Pioneer teams are rated as Tank Assault 4.
Range
,ROF'
24"/60cm
6
2
6
24"/60cm
6
2
'6'
Range
,Front', ROF
Anti-tank
16"/40cm
1 2
4
Armour
Side 0
Top Firepower .