Introduction To The Philosophy Of A Human Person

Introduction to Philosophy of the Human Person

CONTENT DOING PHILOSOPHY • What is philosophy? • What is the difference between knowledge and wisdom?

OBJECTIVES 1. Distinguish a holistic perspective from a partial point of view 2. Define philosophy 3. Differentiate knowledge from wisdom

DOING PHILOSOPHY Doing philosophy helps us think many things, including those that leave us confused or without an acceptable answer.

The Meaning of Philosophy and Philosophy of the Human Person Philosophy is a bunch of crap that people do when they want to make money but don’t want to work.

Philosophy is trying to answer questions through observation and thought. It could be a formula to life, or an informed way of life

The Meaning of Philosophy and Philosophy of the Human Person Philosophy is the different people’s views on life, death, and after-life. Philosophy is wanting to know more than the obvious; clarifying (using reason and logic) answers to questions-arguing.

The Meaning of Philosophy and Philosophy of the Human Person Philosophy is how a person thinks Philosophy is sitting around, smoking cigarettes, and getting into deep discussions about life’s little quirks.

Philosophy is a rational inquiry into the nature of the universe, both physical and metaphysical

The Meaning of Philosophy and Philosophy of the Human Person Philosophy is an in-depth reasoning about literary works (analyzing) Philosophy is a search for truth through the contemplation to reach a higher sense of self or selfactualization

The Meaning of Philosophy and Philosophy of the Human Person Philosophy comes from the Greek work “philosophia” which means "love of wisdom," is a science where reason and logic are used to understand reality and answer questions of knowledge, morality, and human nature. It can be described as either a body of knowledge or an intellectual activity.

The Meaning of Philosophy and Philosophy of the Human Person • Philosophy as a body of knowledge provides methodologies and insights on how societal questions, such as moral dilemmas of euthanasia or same-sex marriage, can be answered.

The Meaning of Philosophy and Philosophy of the Human Person • On the other hand, philosophy as an intellectual activity is an analytic procedure of addressing individual thought processes such as resolving conflict and confusion, testing positions, and analyzing beliefs. • In all instances, doing philosophy is prescribed by logic, reason, and ethics leading to wisdom.

The Meaning of Philosophy and Philosophy of the Human Person • Philosophy as applied to human experience or everyday life denotes the use of philosophy as an intellectual activity. • Also known as philosophy in life, this concept is important because it serves as the guiding principle on how one ought to live life.

Difference Between Knowledge and Wisdom GOALS KNOWLEDGE

WISDOM

Quantitative: accumulation of knowledge and information

Qualitative: deeper understanding of salient phenomena and events

Discovery of new truths

Rediscovery of the significance of old truths

Descriptive knowledge

Interpretative knowledge

How to do certain things

Should I do certain things

Mastery of the outside world through liberation from outside forces

Mastery of the inner world through liberation from inner forces

Change of reality

Acceptance of reality

Striving for certainty, regularity, and predictability to plan for the future

Acceptance of uncertainty, irregularity, unpredictability, and impermanence

Knowing how to deal with the expected

Knowing how to deal with the unexpected and the unknown

Difference Between Knowledge and Wisdom APPROACH KNOWLEDGE

WISDOM

Scientific

Spiritual

Theoretical

Applied

Abstract, detached

Concrete, involved

Separation of form from content

Integration of form and content

Distinction between subject and object

Synthesis of subject and object

Linear: final stage of formal operations

Dialectic: beyond formal operations

logos

mythos

impersonal

Personal: intrapersonal and interpersonal

Difference Between Knowledge and Wisdom RANGE

KNOWLEDGE

WISDOM

time-bound: subject to political and historical fluctuations

timeless: independent of political and historical fluctuations

narrow: particularistic

broad, holistic

Limited, domain-related

Unlimited, universal

Fragmented, specialized, selective

Comprehensive, integrated

Difference Between Knowledge and Wisdom ACQUISITION KNOWLEDGE

WISDOM

Intelligence/cognition

Combination of cognition and self-reflection

Detached experience, i.e., studying books, listen to lectures, conducting experiments, objective observations

Personal life experiences together with selfawareness, determination, and constancy to transcend subjectivity and projections

Manipulation and control of phenomena and events

Openness to experience including the experience of negativity, irregularity, unpredictability, contradictions, and ambiguity through the development of equanimity

Difference Between Knowledge and Wisdom RELATION TO AGING KNOWLEDGE Reversed U-shaped pattern

Influenced by cognitive decline May become outdated and obsolete with time

WISDOM Potentially positive

Influenced by openness to experience, self-reflection, self-awareness, determination, and constancy

Important at all stages of the life course

Difference Between Knowledge and Wisdom

By: Fountain Hendricks (Proverbs 4:7) (Hosea 4:6) Many people believe that Wisdom & Knowledge is the same thing but it’s not. The COMPLIMENT one another but DO NOT have the same value. Knowledge is beneficial but Wisdom is important.

Difference Between Knowledge and Wisdom EFFECTS ON THE KNOWER

KNOWLEDGE

WISDOM

Belief that knowledge is potentially limitless

Acceptance of the limits of knowledge for human beings

Tendency to believe in existing knowledge if it is scientifically arrived

Tendency to doubt existing beliefs, values, knowledge, and information

Increased self-centeredness because one believes that one knows

Diminished self-centeredness because one knows that one does not know

Pride and a feeling of superiority towards people with less intellectual knowledge

Sympathy and compassion for others

Concerned about individualistic and particularistic issues

Concerned about collective and universal issues

Negative feelings is manipulation and control fails

Satisfaction and peacefulness in spite of life’s vicissitudes and uncertainties

Difference Between Knowledge and Wisdom

Having knowledge will open your eyes, having wisdom will open your mind. Having knowledge will expand your options, having wisdom will expand your understanding. Having knowledge will strengthen your intellect but having wisdom will exalt you. Having knowledge will increase your awareness but having wisdom will increase your discernment.

Difference Between Knowledge and Wisdom Being knowledgeable will empower you but being wise will make you powerful. Wisdom and Knowledge are like brothers and sisters, they are related but they have two different personalities

DO WE NEED BOTH??? It is possible to have Knowledge WITHOUT Wisdom and vice versa but it NOT healthy, More people have more Knowledge than Wisdom why??? Because Knowledge can be obtained easier that Wisdom.

DO WE NEED BOTH???

In order to gain Knowledge about something the only thing you must be willing to do is to HEAR what is being said but in order to gain Wisdom you must be willing to LISTEN.

DO WE NEED BOTH??? The difference between hearing & listening is that HEARING IS EXTERNAL & LISTENING IS INTERNAL. BEING KNOWLEDGEABLE IS SIMPLY STRENGTHENING YOUR SENSES TO KNOW WHAT IS AROUND YOU.

DO WE NEED BOTH??? Being wise is a little more complicated than being knowledgeable … why??? Because you have to learn how to ALLOW information to ENTER INTO YOU and not just be part of you.

DO WE NEED BOTH??? In order to become wise, remember the biblical principal..

“THE ONLY THINGS THAT CHANGES YOU IS WHAT ENTERS YOU” Knowledge does not change people, Wisdom does.

DO WE NEED BOTH??? Example: Millions of people have knowledge about the importance of obeying the law … but still see millions of people breaking the law

DO WE NEED BOTH??? Example: Many people have the knowledge about how important it is to raise their kids … But unfortunately many parents do not participate in the growth of their children.

DO WE NEED BOTH??? WISDOM CHANGES YOU!!! When people receive Wisdom they become empowered to be powerful which gives them the ability TO DO THE RIGHT THING. IT IS IMPORTANT TO GAIN WISDOM AND KNOWLEDGE SO THAT YOU WON’T BECOME AN EDUCATED FOOL

THE PRIMARY DIFFERENCE KNOWLEDGE IS REVELATION BUT WISDOM IS DIRECTION. If you do not have revelation you will be blinded and a blind person will always perish because they lack the ability to SEE what is going on around them.

THE PRIMARY DIFFERENCE HAVING A SENSE OF DIRECTION IS THE MOST IMPORTANT THING IN LIFE. Knowing what to do WITHOUT knowing how to get it done will create massive frustration. Knowing where to go but NOT KNOWING how to get there will create tremendous stress.

Knowledge INFORMS you that you need a destination while Wisdom shows you HOW to get to your destination

PHILOSOPHY AS A CONCEPT Philosophy is a system of beliefs about reality. It is one’s integrated view of the world. It includes an understanding of the nature of existence, man, and his role in the world. It is a necessary product of man’s rational mind.

PHILOSOPHY AS A CONCEPT Concepts are of central importance to an overall theory of cognition and the mind. Our thoughts, especially those that express or involve propositions, are analyzed and distinguished from one another by appeal to various facts involving concepts and our grasp of them.

PHILOSOPHY AS A CONCEPT Similarly, our linguistic utterances that express propositions also express concepts, since concepts are normally thought to be closely related to, or even identified with, the meanings of entities like predicates, adjectives, and the like. Our understanding and interaction with the world also involves concepts and our grasp of them.

PHILOSOPHY AS A CONCEPT Our understanding that a given thing is a member of a given category is at least partly in virtue of our grasp of concepts, and so are our acts of categorizing. Such capacities involve our knowledge in an essential way, and thus such philosophical issues regarding our epistemic capacities are tied to issues about concepts and their nature.

PHILOSOPHY AS A PROCESS It is an engagement in the search for the meaning of life, its value and relevance. It is a process for finding significance in existence.

PHILOSOPHY AS A PROCESS Process philosophy is a longstanding philosophical tradition that emphasizes becoming and changing over static being. Process philosophy is characterized by an attempt to reconcile the diverse intuitions found in human experience (such as religious, scientific, and aesthetic) into a coherent holistic scheme.

PHILOSOPHY AS A PROCESS Process philosophy seeks a return to a neo-classical realism that avoids subjectivism. This reconciliation of the intuitions of objectivity and subjectivity, with a concern for scientific findings, produces the explicitly metaphysical speculation that the world, at its most fundamental level, is made up of momentary events of experience rather than enduring material substances.

PHILOSOPHY AS A PROCESS Process philosophy speculates that these momentary events, called “actual occasions” or “actual entities,” are essentially self-determining, experiential, and internally related to each other. The human person is a society of billions of these occasions (that is, the body), which is organized and coordinated by a single dominant occasion (that is, the mind).

THREE LEVELS OF INQUIRIES 1.COMMON SENSE – A basic ability to perceive, understand, and judge things that are shared by (common to) nearly all people without need for debate

THREE LEVELS OF INQUIRIES 2. SCIENTIFIC – Based on or characterized by the methods and principles of science

THREE LEVELS OF INQUIRIES 3. PHILOSOPHICAL – Relating or devoted to the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality and existence

THE HUMAN PERSON AS AN EMBODIED SPIRIT

THE HUMAN PERSON AS AN EMBODIED SPIRIT

KEY TERMS: Man – the general term commonly used to refer to the entire human race Human – refers to man as a species Human being – used to distinguish man from other animals

THE HUMAN PERSON AS AN EMBODIED SPIRIT Person – refers to a human being granted recognition of certain rights, protection, responsibilities, and dignity above all. It is the totality of an individual, possessing awareness, selfdetermination, and the capacity to interact with others and with himself/herself. Personhood – refers to the state of being a person

THE HUMAN PERSON AS AN EMBODIED SPIRIT Human nature – refers to the characteristics (like thinking, feeling and acting) that distinguish humans from all other creatures. These traits are considered to form the essence of humanity, and without them, an individual may not be considered a human person.

WHAT IS HUMAN PERSON? Person

Has awareness

of self

Has self determination

Is able to reach out and interact

with other

Has dignity

SELF - AWARENESS Refers to the person having a clear perception of oneself, including his thoughts, emotions, identity and actions This awareness goes beyond perception and reaction to the environment. We have deeper awareness that is driven by rationality or human thought. A person is aware of both his surroundings and himself. He knows that he is living an experience and is an active participant in this experience.

SELF - AWARENESS This awareness gives rise to the notion of the “self” which the philosophers describe as the person who is actively aware that he is perceiving and experiencing reality. This awareness of the self also enables us to experience an “inner world” that is defined by our personal thoughts and ideas. We experience interiority, that is, the quality of being focused on one’s inner life and identity. This interiority enables us to practice creativity.

SELF - AWARENESS Creativity also means that a person can create within himself what is not yet existing outside. Having an inner world allows a person to create goals, dreams and plans which may be realized through activity.

TRY SAYING THESE I am a person. I am alive. I exist. I am here. I am present. I am living at this very moment.

SELF - DETERMINATION This refers to the capability of persons to make choices and decisions based on their own preferences, monitor and regulate their actions, and be goal-oriented and selfdirected. We are persons because we act and we are aware of our actions. Our free will enables us to do actions whenever we want to and make various alternatives. The existence of free will enables a person to act willfully, control his actions, and recognize himself as the source of action.

SELF - DETERMINATION Consequence is the result or effect of an action or condition. Philosophers believe that a person acts freely and with due regard for the consequences of his actions. Morality is the goodness or ‘badness’ of an act.

SELF - DETERMINATION Human action is such an important aspect of the person that many philosophers consider human action as a way to reveal a person’s true nature. Human acts complete the person, as it is through his actions that his inner self is revealed to others, and it is through action that a person is able to explore and fulfill his potential.

TRY SAYING THESE I am a person. My actions are my very own and are made freely. I know that I am the cause of my actions. I know that my actions have consequences.

Externality This refers to the capability of a person to reach out and interact with others and the world. The realization that we are not alone and that there are indeed other people around us enables us to reach out and establish meaningful relationships with others.

Externality Philosophers consider man as a social being and that a person never exist in isolation. Man has the natural tendency to seek out fellow human beings, and the relationships established by this interaction is a vital component for survival. Our interactions with others define our existence as persons. We grow and develop not only through our thoughts and actions, but also through the influence of other people in our lives, and the individuals we meet and interact with.

TRY SAYING THESE I am a person. I value others. I interact with others in meaningful ways. I value my relationships with others. I have grown as a person because I’ve had meaningful interactions with people I’ve met in my life.

Dignity This refers to the innate right to be valued and respected. Philosophers consider all humans as having an inherent worth or value. “You’re worthless!” is an insult since it attacks the very notion of a person having value or worth.

Dignity Each person is worth the same as another person in the sense that every person is priceless, unique, unrepeatable and irreplaceable. No person is dispensable or interchangeable. This is the reason why separation from the people we love and value is a difficult and painful experience.

Dignity Human dignity is rooted in the nature of the human being, meaning, a person has dignity simply because of the fact that he is human. Dignity is not defined by outside factors like intelligence, beauty, skills, etc. A person retains his dignity in spite of his actions or behavior.

Dignity Dignity also drives us to seek what is good. Doing good deeds upholds and promotes dignity of the human person. This recognition of dignity is also the basis for the recognition of human rights.

TRY SAYING THESE I am a person. I am a person with dignity. I recognize that others have dignity, as well. I must uphold human dignity in my thoughts and actions.

What is in our human nature that enables us to become persons? Aside from the physical characteristics, another aspect of the human that defines us as persons is the spirit. This intangible element enables us to exercise thought, possess awareness, interiority, and the capacity to reach out to the outside world and other persons.

How are the body and spirit related? Philosophers consider the human person as defined by the union of the body and the spirit. THE HUMAN PERSON IS AN EMBODIED SPIRIT. The body and the spirit are not only united, but they are integrated with each other. Embodiment enables us to do and experience all the things that make us human persons.

How are the body and spirit related? Science: Love is a result of various biological reactions associated with an increase in hormones, which may have certain effects on the body. Philosophy: Human persons do not love just with the heart nor the brain. We love another person with our entire being. Embodiment is the one thing that enables us to feel love and love others.

Embodiment The human body stands as the mediator between the material world and the spiritual world. Being an embodied spirit, the person is able to encounter the world of objects (and other personal subjects) in a manner that transcends the physical. This feature allows him to form intimate relationship with those outside him. Human embodiment allows persons to attach certain feelings or ideas not only to people but also to objects. (pair of shoes as a present from a loved one)

Embodiment With human embodiment, physical acts are no longer purely physical acts, because the body conveys something from a person’s inner world. A pat on the shoulder from your idol, a smile from your crush, a kiss from your partner will create intense emotional reaction in you. These examples show that it is through embodiment that a person in able to have a very unique relationship with the world. And it is this unique relationship that defines us as humans.

How does my human nature enable me to explore my limits? Human nature still has limits despite being an embodied spirit. It can be said that the person is very biologically deficient being. We do not have the natural ability to fly. We cannot breathe underwater without using breathing apparatus. We cannot survive in certain environments like other animals.

How does my human nature enable me to explore my limits? Despite this limitations, we have used out intellect to devise means to achieve several feats. The ability to surpass limits is called transcendence, and it is also one important trait that distinguishes the human person from other beings in existence.

Transcendence Our mind is an important tool that allows us to go beyond many of our physical limits. Although we have these physical limitations, we can transcend them because of our spiritual dimension.

Transcendence As human persons, we have natural tendencies or inclinations. Some of these are felt bodily functions like hunger, fatigue, etc. transcendence means overcoming oneself or being in control even if the body reminds us of certain tendencies. Although these tendencies are felt, the person can govern them and ensure that they are exercised within the bounds of reason.

Transcendence Each individual carries within himself the possibility of transcending his limits by exerting enough effort and perseverance. Philosophy gives us useful tools to explore our limits and possibilities. The essence of transcendence is to acknowledge our limitations, identify possibilities for development and change ourselves for the better.

Transcendence Opening yourself to new experiences and ideas is another aspect of transcendence. Our capacity for transcendence gives us the opportunity to work toward becoming better versions of ourselves.

THE HUMAN PERSON IN HIS / HER ENVIRONMENT

APPROACHES TO UNDERSTANDING THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE HUMAN PERSON WITH THE ENVIRONMENT

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 1. COSMOS – CENTRIC APPROACH – In the earlier civilization, human beings understood themselves as being in harmony with nature. – The whole world of the cosmos is one whole system of order of which we are a part.

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 1. COSMOS – CENTRIC APPROACH – The universe can be understood as a vast spectrum of energy in need of constant balance and harmony. – In essence, everything is Qi only in different states and forms.

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 1. COSMOS – CENTRIC APPROACH – Example: the water cycle, there is condensation, water turning to ice, Qi forms of Earth. In opposite, dispersion, water turning to vapor, Qi forms of Heaven.

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 1. COSMOS – CENTRIC APPROACH – In middle of these two poles is the human being. – The natural laws govern the movement of Qi as Yin and Yang to create a harmonious balance in the universe.

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 1. COSMOS – CENTRIC APPROACH – Part of the balance created is the human being – a reflection of the balance between heaven and earth, Yin and Yang. – If this natural law is skewed towards one pole, an imbalance is created.

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 1. COSMOS – CENTRIC APPROACH – The cosmos-centric approach to understanding our relationship to the environment shows that human beings are a microcosm of the cosmos – “micro” – small – “cosmos” - universe

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 1. COSMOS – CENTRIC APPROACH – It mans that the universe is reflected in us; we are a small version of the universe. – The same cosmic patterns that govern nature also govern our being.

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 1. COSMOS – CENTRIC APPROACH – Meaning, when these natural law and cosmic patterns are tampered with the resulting imbalance will also affect the balance within humans. – If there is no balance of energies in nature, the person also feel imbalance within themselves.

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 1. COSMOS – CENTRIC APPROACH – On reverse side, when there is imbalance within the person, there would also imbalance in everything around it.

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 2. THEOCENTRIC APPROACH – Theo (God)-centric approach refers to an understanding coming from a religious interpretation. – This especially applies to the Judeo-Christian tradition as specified in the creation story.

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 2. THEOCENTRIC APPROACH – The story relates that after creating the world, and all that is in it, including man and woman, God said “Go and multiply; fill the earth and subdue it.” – The first man, Adam, was given the power over the rest of creation

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 2. THEOCENTRIC APPROACH – The creation story tells of how God entrusted the earth to man and woman by giving them the role of stewards of creation. – To steward over something is to manage or to put something under your care.

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 2. THEOCENTRIC APPROACH – We have been given the power to make use of what has been given us, but with this power comes the responsibility and duty to take care of the gift. – As such, we are not just consumers of earth’s resources. We are it’s cocreators.

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 2. THEOCENTRIC APPROACH –

The Theocentric Approach tells us that although we may be able to trace the immediate causes of environmental degradation through technical and scientific explanations, but if we forget to pin down the main factor that is responsible for it – ourselves, human beings – then we will never be able to address this escalating problem of the destruction of the earth.

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 2. THEOCENTRIC APPROACH – –

It is clear that we are the problem and we, ourselves, are the solution. Pope Francis said: “the human environment and the natural environment deteriorate together; we cannot adequately combat environmental degradation unless we attend to causes related to human and social degradation.

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 3. ANTHROPOCENTRIC APPROACH – anthropos (man) + centric – This approach is like the theocentric approach that puts the human person in dominion over the earth, but de-emphasizes the role of God. – It started with the rise of experimental sciences.

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 3. ANTHROPOCENTRIC APPROACH – This dominant approach began in the sixteenth century in Europe and has become the most widely used all over the world until today. – To understand this approach, recall your lessons in science when you had to conduct experiments in your science class.

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 3. ANTHROPOCENTRIC APPROACH – Remember the use of “control setup” and compare it with an “experimental set-up.” – First, control set-up •

Seed planted on a cup of good soil, placed in an environment with sufficient light and air, and watered every other day

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 3. ANTHROPOCENTRIC APPROACH – Second, experimental set-up • • • •

Plant seed in a bad kind of soil Plant seed on a good kind of soil but was placed in the dark Plant seed on a cup of soil covered with plastic Plant seed similarly in the control set-up except it was not watered at all.

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 3. ANTHROPOCENTRIC APPROACH – Second, experimental set-up • • • •

Plant seed in a bad kind of soil Plant seed on a good kind of soil but was placed in the dark Plant seed on a cup of soil covered with plastic Plant seed similarly in the control set-up except it was not watered at all.

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 3. ANTHROPOCENTRIC APPROACH – In doing the science experiment, you were able to “extract” nature’s secrets to know more about it. – You were also able to “manipulate” the natural conditions for the growth of the plat. – In these, you are seen as “intervening” with the nature.

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 3. ANTHROPOCENTRIC APPROACH – The development of experimental science has made the human being aware that he can detach himself from the ongoing cycle of nature and thereby control it. – No longer is the human being simply vulnerable to the dictates of nature.

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 3. ANTHROPOCENTRIC APPROACH – –

–

Natural calamities can be controlled to some extent. The natural aging of the skin, or the shape of one’s body parts, among others, can also be altered. With the awareness of this ability came the dissipation of the power of the myth to take control of our daily lives.

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 3. ANTHROPOCENTRIC APPROACH – Modern individuals are aware that they can be in control of their own fate. – They can alter their life directions based on their own choices.

THREE MAIN APPROACHES 3. ANTHROPOCENTRIC APPROACH – The downside of the rise of modern sciences is the swelling of the human being’s pride over his own powers to alter and manipulate nature. – Unfortunately, this approach seems to be the most dominant of all three approaches.

A BALANCED APPROACH – Learning from all these approaches, we can see that it is possible to put them together. – The cosmos-centric approach emphasizes on the human being as a balance between heaven and earth.

A BALANCED APPROACH –

–

–

This relates to the anthropocentric approach which shows how we are earthly beings in need of resources. The theocentric approach that emphasizes on our heavenly role as stewards of creation. Our goal now is to assess our own selves and find the right approach in dealing with nature in order to save whatever if left of it, before it is too late.

THE MEANING OF FREEDOM – Negative Freedom if freedom from coercion (force) or interference (hindrance) from any block. – This refers to the absence of “interference”.” – By interference, we mean something that is intentionally imposed on a person

THE MEANING OF FREEDOM – It may come in the form of “physical coercion” such as kidnapping or imprisonment, or “verbal coercion” such as issuing of threats to another person. – One is free, in the negative sense, when he/she does not experience either forms of coercion.

THE MEANING OF FREEDOM – Positive Freedom, which is a true freedom, is not just about the absence of coercion or interference. – It is a kind of freedom that requires active effort on the person who is to be free. – He/she who is free is the one who has the “control or mastery of himself/herself.”

THE MEANING OF FREEDOM – It is “more than just being let alone by other.” – A person who is deemed to be free in the positive sense is one who is able to steer so that all may follow a single direction.

THE MEANING OF FREEDOM – Freedom is something that is exercised through our choices. – When a person exercises his freedom, he becomes real. – Freedom is choosing for myself, choosing to direct my life to what I want to be which leads to the consolidation of my personality.

THE MEANING OF FREEDOM – It is expected that my actions and small decisions that I make everyday are aligned to those goals and aspirations and small decisions that I have chosen for myself. – One becomes real self as soon as he exercises his freedom to direct his life according to the choices he makes and becomes consolidated.

EXISTENTIALISM: Freedom is exercised through Choices – Existentialism is a philosophy that emphasizes individual existence, freedom and choice. – It is the view that human define their own meaning in life, and try to make rational decision despite existing in an irrational universe.

EXISTENTIALISM: Freedom is exercised through Choices – It focuses on the question of human existence, and the feeling that there is no purpose or explanation at the core of existence.

EXISTENTIALISM: Freedom is exercised through Choices – It holds that, as there is no God, or any transcendent force, the only way to counter this nothingness is by embracing existence.

FREEDOM AS CHOOSING FOR ONESELF THAT LEADS TO PERSONALITY CONSOLIDATION – Freedom means exercising the capacity to make decision, chooses life path and direct the course of my life through own steering.

FREEDOM AS CHOOSING FOR ONESELF THAT LEADS TO PERSONALITY CONSOLIDATION – One’s task as a human person who wants to be real and authentic is to take care of the capacity to make choices.

ACTIVITY Explain freedom means by the use of the letters of FREEDOM. Make an acrostic poem.

F R E E D O M