Shutter And Diaphragm Mechanism

Sept. 6, 1949-

2,480,9 73

A. SCHWARZ SHUTTER AND DIAPHRAGM MECHANISM FOR CAMERAS

Filed April as, 1945

9 Sheets-Sheet l

1 i111 IIVHIULH I

B

_ Sept. 6, 1949.

A. SCHWARZ

2,480,973

SHUTTER AND DIAPHRAGM MECHANISM FOR CAMERAS

Filed April as, 1945

_ 9 Sheets-Sheet 2

'

-

INVENTOR.

'

zyw'ca/?céwazf %zis ?iiormj

Sept. 6, 1949.

2,480,973

A. SCHWARZ SHUTTER AND DIAPHRAGM MECHANISM FOR CAMERAS

Filed April 28, 1945

9 Sheets-Sheet 5

IN VEN TOR.

j?glhso/As'cézazzif BY

Sept. 6, 1949.

A. scHwARz

2,430,973

SHUTTER AND DIAPHRAGM MECHANISM FOR CAMERAS

Filed April 28, 1945

9 Sheets-Sheet 4

INVENTOR.

?érr'edschmy

Sept. 6, 1949.

2,480,973v

A. SCHWARZ SHUTTER AND DIAPHRAGK MECHANISM FOR CAMERAS

Filed April 28, 1945

9- Slieets-Sheet 5 :- 'lmlllll

INVENTOR.

Wee/Mar)?

Sept; 6, '1949-

A. SCHWARZ

2,480,973

SHUTTER. AND DIAPHRAGM MECHANISM FOR CAMERAS

Filed April 28, 1945

.

9 Sheets-Sheet 6

“x \_ .

E .95 /

7/ E.

.vzé?'ik V8 “1"

.

BY

I"

INVENTOR.

SePt- 6, 1949-

A. SCHWARZ

2,480,973

SHUTTEREAND DIAPHRAGM MECHANISM FOR CAMERAS Filed April 28, 1945 '

9 Sheets-Sheet 7

222

31a:

INVEDIEVTOR. /

%z£s 1922207724]

Sept. 6, 1949.. ,

A. SCHWARZ

2,480,973 "

snu'rrsn AND nurnxmu MECHANISM FOR cmmus

Filed April 28, 1945

9 Sheets-Sheet 8

Sept. 6, 1949.

2,480,973

A. SCHWARZ SHUTTER AND DIAPHRAGM MECHANISM FOR” CAMERAS

Filed April 28, 19-45

9 Sheets-Sheet 9

I

listened Sept. 6, 1949

2,480,973

umreo STATES PATENT OFFICE SHUTTER AND DIAPHRAGM MECHANISM. . FOR CAMERAS

Alfred Schwarz, Rochester,‘ N. Y.,‘assignor to Ilex Optical Company, Rochester, N. Y., a corpora tion of New York

Application April 28, 1945, Serial No..590,770 15 Claims.

(Cl. 954-64)

1

A'iurther object is to provide such a mech anism in which the diaphragm, after being fully opened, may be reset by merely moving the di

This invention relates to shutter and di aphragm mechanisms for cameras of the variety

adapted to be adjusted for holding both the shut

aphragm operating means to its limit of move ment without reference to any indicating scale. Still a further object is to provide such a mech anism 'in which the shutter mechanism and any connected synchronizer mechanism is disabled

ter and diaphragm open, as desirable, for exam~ pie, in the focusing of the camera. rI‘he ordinary

camera may be arranged for focusing by setting the shutter for “time” operation and opening the diaphragm by the means employed for adjust ing the aperture, which, however, involves a mul

tiplicity of manipulations and setting and reset

10

ting adjustments, some of which are apt to be

forgotten ‘with resulting failure in exposure. It has been proposed to partially remedy these ‘dif ?culties by providing special constructions for holding the shutter blades open, but these— con structions have continued to require a number of operations, some of which may be forgotten, .and which are di?icult to accomplish with the ?ngers of one hand while steadying the camera

while thediaphragm leaves‘ are open for focus ing‘. To these and other ends the invention resides in certain improvements and combinations of

parts, 'all‘v'as will be hereinafter more fully de scribed, the novel features being pointed out in the claims at'the end of the speci?cation. " In the'drawings:

, ‘ Fig. 1 is a front elevation, partly broken away,

'of shutter and diaphragm mechanism embodying the present invention and shown with the parts with the other. Some of these constructions, fur- . 20' in' initial and unset position with the shutter and thermore, have involved temporary detachment

of normally connected shutter parts which tends

diaphragm closed;‘ '

'

'

Fig. 21s; a front elevation of the master mem

detached; ‘ to cause derangement and injury of the parts. “ Fig. 3 is an edge view of the same; One object of the invention, therefore,- is to provide an improved mechanism for opening the 25 Fig. 4 is a front elevation of the release mem

shutter of a more simple, practical and conven

ber or trigger, detached;

ient character, requiring a minimum of manipu

, ‘ Fig. .5 is a side elevation of the same;

Fig. 6 is'a view similar to Fig. 1, but showing "the‘master‘member moved to set position; the ?ngers of one hand, independently of oper Fig. '7 is a detail view of locking member parts ation of the normal trigger release means and 30 shown in Fig. 6; without disturbing the setting of the shutter for

lations adapted to be readily accomplishedrby

a predetermined exposure period.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view on the line 8a-—8a in

’

Fig. '7;

Another object is to provide an improved shut ter mechanism in which, after the setting of the master member, the blades may be opened and. closed again by merely moving the master mem ber to set position as in the normal operation of

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a latch member

shown in Fig. 6; Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 6, but showing the shutter and diaphragm fully open as desired in focusing the camera; the shutter, so as to require a minimum of ma ‘Fig. 11 is a view similar to Fig. 1, but showing nipulation and likelihood of error. Another object is to provide an improved shut 40 a modi?ed construction with the parts in initial and unset position; ter in which the opening of the blades is accom Fig. 12 is a detail of parts shown in Fig. 11, but plished through the use of the normal shutter with the shutter open; connections and without requiring their detach Fig. 13 is a front elevation of the diphragm ment, so as to avoid the likelihood of derangement 45 mechanism in closed position, the shutter mech and injury of the parts. anism being detached; Another object of the invention is to provide Fig. 14 is an enlarged detail of parts shown in a combined shutter and diaphragm mechanism in Fig. 13, but with the parts in course of movement an interlocking arrangement and construction to open the ‘diaphragm; adapted to prevent opening of the diaphragm without opening of the shutter and to prevent 50 .. f Fig. '15 is a view similar to Fig. 13, but showing the‘ diaphragm ‘in open position; operation of the shutter without restoring the di Fig. 16 is an enlargement of parts shown in Fig. aphragm to the desired exposure aperture and 15 and in the same'position; also closing the shutter, so as to provide a mech

anism which is simple and practically fool-proof ‘in, operation.’ -

a

_

.

‘ Fig. 17 is an enlarged, sectional elevation on the

1ine,l'|a—l'|a in Fig. 16;

2,480,973

3

4

Fig. 18 is an enlarged, sectional elevation on

meshing with a pinion 55 ?xed on a wrist plate 56 rotatably mounted at 5‘! on the plate 39. Plate

the line IBa-l?a in Fig. 16; Fig. 19 is an elevation of plate means for ad

56 is pivotally connected at 58 with one end of a link 59 having a lug 50 against which bears one end of a spring 6E coiled about a post 82 on the

justing the diaphragm aperture; Fig. 20 is an elevation of plate means for open

ing the diaphragm;

plate as with its other end bearing against a post

Fig. 21 is an elevation of ring: means ‘forming

63 on the, plate. ‘Link 59 is formed :with a rec

part of the mechanism for opening the diaphragm and shutter;

tangular notch 64 for engagement with lug 47 of the blade ring in the position to which the link

Fig. 22 is an elevation of ring means forming . .

part of the mechanism for..adjustingjg.the.‘dia phragm aperture;

'

.

Fig. 23 is a front elevation of. some. of the .dia

phragm parts detached from thecasing;

is moved by the setting of the master member as ,1n'F1g. 6. A spring 65 coiled about the post 63

. beam at one end against the casing ?ange 35

and at the other against lug 41 so as to normally

v“rotate the blade. ring clockwise to close the blades. Fig. 24 is an elevation of the parts as seen from g In the initial position of the master lever, as the right in Fig. 23; shown in Fig. l, the free end of link 59 rides on Fig. 25 is a front elevation ~of‘lthe idiaphrag-m’ -.i?ange’-52 of plate 39, the other or pivoted end of leaves associated with the plate shown in-Fig. 20; .the. linkbeing in its outward position and tilting

Fig. 26 is a view similar to Fig. 23, but showing the, diaphragm leaves adjusted orv closed to ade- _

.sired'ex'posure aperture; ‘Fig. 27 is a similar view,fb,ut showing ‘the dia phragm fully open; ‘Fig. 28 is a rear elevation ‘of "the‘diaphragm

mechanism; Fig. 29 is an enlarged section. on the line 29a ?23a in Fig. 28, and Fig. 30 is a front elevation of the provisions'for

the link to cause its recess 64 to pass over lug 47

without engagement during movement .of the "link'tovrard the left. Setting depression of the master lever handle 50 swings wrist platete .to move the link idly toward the left, as its pivot 58 1S swung from its outer position shown in Fig. 1 to the inner position shown in Fig.6. The mas ter lever is releasably locked in this set position

by means hereafter described and in this position

‘the blade ring lug 41 is engaged in the notch 54

thediaphragm mechanism on the casing rear wall.

'of the link.

'The- invention is embodied in’the present in stance in association with camera shutter and diaphragm‘mechanism oi the between-the-lens

~ring counterclockwise and open the blades and,

type, the 'shuttercomprising a motor or master member adapted to be set to positionto tension "

spring actuating means for opening and'closing the shutter blades on release by a release member or trigger. Referring more particularly’ to'the “drawings,

the present embodiment preferably comprises an annular shutter casing having a cylindrical .wall 35" (Figs. 1 and 17)‘ and a rear walli‘36 with a

a flange 3? for supporting vrearlens'meansover

On release of ‘the master leverand

outward movement of'the pivotv 58, vthe link 53 71s ?rst moved toward the left to move the blade as the pivot 58 passes dead center,v is moved to~ vward the right to move the blade ring clockwise

and close theblades, assisted by the blade ring

spring v55, thus returning the parts to the position shown in Fig. l.

‘

‘

"'

‘

'-The- master lever is locked‘inset position by >means of an irregularly shaped locking lever .65 '(Figs. 1, 6 and 7) pivoted at 61 on platese. Piv ~~oted onv the locking lever at 58 is a pawl 65 having -a lug l8, and a spring "H, coiled about the pivotal support of "the locking lever, bears at. one ,.end against the casing and at the otherv against lug

an exposure opening’ 38. "The front of ‘the casing ‘ is closed by cover means (not shown) attached 45' 10 oi-the-pawl so as to .turnthe'pa'wl‘ clockwise to the front end of the cylindricalwall 35, as well on its pivot against a- stoplug 12 on the lever 63,

understood in the art. An annularpartition or mechanism vplate 39 (Fig; 1) is mounted within the cylindrical wall 35, ‘preferably againstthe

‘this arrangement servingalso to turn the locking leverfE? in a counter-clockwise direction. Lever ‘E3 is formed with a radially extending shoulder

inner surface 40 (Fig. 17) of the rear Wall 36,‘the' 50 13~and with a shoulder -?4 extending transversely shutter mechanism being. mainly mounted. on ‘thereto, both for cooperation with a rearwardly plate 39. Fixed to the rear face of‘plate'39.is an extending lug ‘E5 on the master lever. As ‘the annular plate 45 from which are struckup'for master lever is set from the position shown in wardly a number of lugs 42. ' ‘Supported for-oscil 'Fig. 1 to that shown in Fig.v 6; its lug’z’h rides 55 up the shoulder 13 ,of-thelocking‘ lever until it provided lation onwith thesepins lugs 44 is(Fig. a shutter'blade' ,6) rotatably engaged ring‘43 reaches shoulder 74 of the lever which is then in openings in a pluralityofjshutter" blades 45, vturned counterclockwise by its spring to engage respectively, each blade being pivotally connected under and hold the master ‘lever in set position by a pin and slot as at 46 with thercasing, so that until released by ‘one of the-means hereafter oscillation of the blade ringj serves tov open .and' described.

close the shutter blades.

The blade ring has a

111g 47 projecting forwardly through an opening in the plate 353 for actuation of the blade ring ‘by the master member, which will now be described. The master member is preferably in the form of a lever 48 (Figs. 1 and 2) pivoted at 49 on'the plate 39 and having a handle or ?ngerpiecei?

‘projecting through an opening in thecasing wall .35. A spring 5| is coiled 'about'this pivot of the lever with one end resting against an inner circu- ‘

'

'

V

' The locking lever '56 is normally released by ‘the releasing member or trigger, an irregularly

‘shaped plate or leverfl'e pivoted at ll on plate 353 and having a manually‘operated" handle 78; ex tending outwardly through an opening -, in the casing. Release lever ‘i 6 has an arm i9 arranged

‘during anti-clockwise rotation to engage‘ the heel 850i the locking lever to turn‘it clockwise so as 'to- withdraw shoulder 71! from beneath the *lug ‘7570f the master lever and release the-master

lar ?ange 52 of the plate139_ and theiother .end .lever for rotation counter-clockwise by-its spring against a lug 53 onthe lever, so as to normally to open-and-close>the-shutter blades as described. turn the lever in a counter-clockwise direction. j'rl‘rigger ‘It has a lug 8! engaged bybneend of a The end of the lever adjacent ‘its handle1~50 is spring‘ilZ coiledabout the~pivotsupport ofi‘ithe formed with a circular toothed part or rack’ 54, 75 trigger and having its other end bearing against

2,480,978

v5

these parts in latching engagement with each

the casing to turn the trigger in a clockwise direc tion and restore it to initial position. Means are provided for locking the releasing

other. To again restore the blades preparatory to

lever or trigger in its initial or inactive position except when the master lever ismoved to set

making an exposure, ?nger piece 50 of the master lever is depressed to reset it and such resetting movement releases the latching lever 85 for re

position, for the purpose of preventing operation of the trigger in certain positions of the mech

turn to inactive position and releases the locking lever 86 for actuation by its spring to latch the anism. To this end, the pawl 69 on the locking master lever in set position, with the trigger 18 lever has at its free end a lug 83 positioned for engagement, in one position ‘of the locking lever, 10 released ready for operation to make an ex with a radial shoulder 84 on the releasing lever

posure.

With the master lever in set position, prepara tory to making an exposure, such opening of the shown in Fig. 1, the locking lever is held turned shutter blades in preparation for focusing may in a clockwise direction by engagement of the lug 15 of the master lever with the radial shoulder 15 be readily accomplished by the index ?nger of the right hand by merely depressing the ?nger 13 of the locking lever and in this position of the piece 88 of the latch lever. After focusing, the locking lever the lug 83 of its pawl 99 is raised blades are closed with the same ?nger by de into the path of the shoulder 84 of the releasing pressing the ?nger piece 59 to reset the master lever so as to lock it against actuating move ment. In the set position of the master lever, 20 lever. The camera may thus be steadied with one hand and prepared for focusing with the however, its lug ‘I5 releases shoulder 13 of the other by the two simple steps of ?rst depressing locking lever, permitting the latter to move the latch lever 85 and then depressing the master counter-clockwise so that the lug 83 of its pawl lever handle 59 to reset it, with a minimum of is below the path of movement of shoulder 84 of the trigger, thus releasing the trigger for move~ 25 manipulations and leaving the operating hand free without having to manually hold any operat ment to trip the locking lever 66 and release the ing part or lever in position. It will be noted also master lever for opening and closing the shutter that this operation is accomplished by a rela blades. tively simple mechanism composed of but a few In the common type of shutter construction, the shutter may be set for “time” operation and 30 parts of practical construction and that such op

16. In the unset position of the master lever

the blades opened for focusing and subsequently closed again by actuations of the releasing lever

eration employs the regular connections between the shutter parts in their regular and automatic

opening action, without any detachment or dis or trigger, but I have found that such focusing connection of such parts likely to result in their opening of the blades may be accomplished in a derangement or injury. After opening the blades much more simple, practical and convenient man and focusing the camera, no special operation ner and with less likelihood of error. For this is required to close the blades but only the re purpose, the invention comprises an auxiliary setting of the master lever in the normal and releasing means or latching lever 85 (Figs. 1 and usual procedure for taking a picture, thus re 9), pivoted on the same post support as the look ing lever for cooperation with the latter and 40 ducing the likelihood of error. Such simpli?ca tion of the construction and operation is of added with the master lever. Latching lever 85 has a importance where the shutter parts are com lug 86 against which bears one end of a spring bined with synchronizer mechanism, to avoid 81 coiled about the pivotal support and having the spoiling of exposures and wastage of lamp its other end bearing against the casing to turn the lever in a counter-clockwise direction and .45 bulbs, as ‘hereafter referred to. The invention further comprises the combina project a lug or ?nger piece thereof 88 through tion with such shutter mechanism of an improved an opening in the casing. Latch lever 85 has a diaphragm mechanism located adjacent the rearwardly turned lug 89 positioned for engage shutter blades on the back wall of the casing. ment with an arm 90 of the locking lever 68 For this purpose the back wall 39 is formed with for tripping the locking lever. Projecting for a circular recess 93 having a rear wall 9:; (Figs. wardly from the latching lever is a lug 9| in posi 13 and 1'7). Mounted for oscillation in the recess tion to engage a radial shoulder 92 on the master against its rear wall 94 is an annular plate 95 lever 48 and hold it in partially actuated posi forming part of the means for opening the dia tion after it has moved to open the shutter blades phragm for focusing and hereafter referred to as but before completing its movement to close an actuating means or plate. Oscillating in re them. cess 93 and spaced in front of actuating plate It will be seen from this construction that with 95, is an annular plate 96 forming part of the the master lever locked in set position by the

means for adjusting the diaphragm to open posi locking lever 68 (Fig. 6), the arm 90 of the look ing lever is raised adjacent lug 89 of the latch 60 t1on in preparation for focusing and hereafter lever 85 and lug 9| of the latch lever is spaced also referred to as an actuating means or plate. from shoulder 92 of the master lever. In such Plates 95 and 96 are retained in position by the position of the parts, ?nger piece 88 may be de cylindrical wall of the recess and each plate is pressed manually, or by means hereafter de pivotally connected with a plurality of elongated scribed, to turn the latch lever clockwise, with 65 diaphragm leaves 91 located in the space between the result that it trip‘s the locking lever 66 and the plates. Each of the leaves is formed at one shortly thereafter relatches the master lever by end with a ?anged trunnion or pivot 98 for piv interposing its lug 9| in the path of movement of otal engagement in one of a plurality of radial

shoulder 92 of the master lever. These parts are so proportioned and arranged that the master 70 slots 99 formed in the actuating plate 95. Each of the leaves is provided at its other end with lever is relatched on full opening of the blades, a similar ?anged pivot 100 which is pivotally so that the blades are held in fully opened posi engaged in one of a plurality of openings 19! in tion. The engaging faces of the latch lever lug actuating plate 96, so that either of the plates 9| and the master lever shoulder 92 are prefer ablyso inclined or undercut as to releasably hold 75 95 or 98 may be oscillated to open or close the

a;

17

diaphragm with the leaves pivoting‘ oer-the other plate. The :rear wall ‘3610]? the casing is formed» .‘di ametrically with .arcuate slots 102 (Fig. :30‘) and actuating plate 95 has peripherallugs‘ Hi3 ex tending radially in the .slots 1.02 (Figs. 13 and 17). Each of these lugs carries a short stud Jim on which is mounted and retained, ‘as by means of

The areal-mom may thus be’fully opened as re quired in focusing -_a camera, independently of the ‘exposure or aperture" setting, but means are

preferably provided to limit the opening ‘move mentor the ring M6 to prevent it from engag ing' and ‘movingthe ring I I8, such means prefer ably comprising .a dog I25 (Figs. 14 and 1'7) piv

otally mounted {on the extended forward end of a screw vi 95, a ring I86 hereafter referred .to ‘.as an the stud I'M of the plate '95.. The dog has a head 10 portion 126 adapted for engagement in one of wardly actuating extending memberlugs or ring‘. In‘! formed This with ring openings has a series of notches I21 formed on the inner :pe I98 for attachment to the studs H14 in slots 1.02, riphery of a ring I28 secured by screws I29 in .a respectively, and diametrically opposite inner recess in the rear ‘wall 35 of the casing about peripheral portions I09 ofthe ring have zosctle the diaphragm mechanism. The dog I25 has ‘a lating bearings on a circular rear shoulder 1 II] of tail I30 adapted for sliding engagement with the the casing wall 36 v(Fig. '29-), for oscillation with periphery-of the plate .95. A spring l3I coiled the actuating plate 95. Ring 106 ‘has a quadrant about the pivot of the dog bears at one end extension III (Figs. 17 and 21‘) formed at its :pe against‘a lug I32zon the tail of ‘the dog and at the riphery with a flange H2 extending forwardly other é'endviagainst an ear I33 on the adjacentlug over the cylindrical wall .35 of the casing, for :a 20 I03 of the plate '95. The periphery of the vplate purpose hereafter described, one end of the 96 is v-formedadjacent its stud H6 with a notch ?ange H2 being turned upwardly as at H3, to r313 into which the :tail of the dog is adapted to

serve as a ?nger piece for‘ oscillating the actuate

drop under actuation by its spring, thereby rais ing ring I516 and thereby oscillating the actuate ing the 'head portion I26 of the dog into dogging ing plate .95 for opening and closing the di 25 engagement with one of the notches I21 of .rack

aphragm blades in connection with a focusing Tad justment of vthe camera.

Theactu'ating plate ‘9.5 isi'similarly formed with peripheral lugs 1M (Fig. 19) extending radially in the slots I02 (Figs. 13 ‘and 18), respectively, each lug ‘being formed with ‘an opening .1 I55 in which is mounted a stud H'S carrying a screw H 7!. Mounted on screws H1 is a ring I vI8, hereafter also referred to as an actuating member or ring,

I28 andstop‘ping and locking plate 95 before con tact of its lug I33 with thestud MB of the plate 96.

Such means thus prevents excessive move

mentor ‘the plate 95 far enough to engage and disturb the setting of the .plate ‘96 to whatever position it may have been adjusted.

The quadrant :?ange .‘l 1.2 of ring N16 ‘is provided

{for automatic coaction with the above described shutter mechanism. In the preferred embodiment, which has inwardly extending lugs H19 formed 35 the-finger .piece'ea of the'latch lever 85 ,is formed

with openings I20 for receiving the screws H1. Ring H8 {has opposite, arcu'ate; inner peripheral

with aninclined orv cam face 135 (Fig. v1) , normally

lying thelpath of movement of “the leadingedge or the quadrant flange. With the master lever

portions the casing “8a,shoulder which support I I9, and it for oscillation a radially in set position, the clockwise movement of the projecting arm I25, the outer end of ‘which is v40 ?ange I (I 2 , tog-open the diaphragm, brings its lead turned forwardly ‘over the ‘cylindrical :wall '35 of ing edge into engagement with the cam .face .135

the casing and pointed, as fat i122. to serve as an indicator. 7 Ring :i it has also a diametrically (op

of the latching lever, therebydepressingthe vlever to partially trip the :master lever as described and open the shutter blades. If the ?nger piece .188

posite arm I23 extended forwardly across the cylindrical wall 35 of the casing with “its ‘end 45 or the latch ilevier is manually depressed to open turned radially inwardly ‘over the cover plate the shutter, ‘then-flange .I I2 moves over it to open and pointed, as at 5213, to serve v‘as an indicator, the diaphragm also, and the construction .thus the indicating pointers VI 22 and 1-29! being adapted permits or independent opening .of the shutter, for cooperation with indicating sc les r (not if sad'esired. :In eithercase, thediaphragmcanw shown) marked on the casing 1as may :be ‘round 60 not be opened by ?nger piece H3 of :?ange ‘H72 convenient. The poi-nter'arms I21 ‘and ll'l23's'ei've unless the shutter is also latched opened. On as operating means for oscillating ring "I I8 ‘and opening the diaphragm, its flange 1.12 holds the its ‘associated plate 95 for opening and 'élbs'ing ?nger piece ~88 {of the latch lever depressed as the diaphragm leaves to ‘obtain 1a (desired ex ‘long as ithe?iaphragmis open, so that the ‘master posure ‘aperture. 55 lever cannot be latched in set position, and :the It will be apparent lfrorn the above described user of the camera is thus warned after a focus“ construction that the v‘actuating ring H8 may be ling adjustment, that the diaphragm must 'be closed before proceeding to make ‘an exposure. 26 rotated and ‘27 to for some adjusting such position the :-1eaves as showni'n ‘to a desired On return of the change I12, and its .l?nger piece ‘aperture, ring I66 being positioned :b'ycountere 80 113, countereelocirwise to initial position, the ‘diaphragm ‘is restored to ‘any preeadjusted aper clockwise 'movemen'tfto its normal or inactive ture. ‘The trigger remains locked against opera position. ‘With the leaves thus adjusted tea ‘ole;

sired-exposure aperture, ring I-“s'i? ‘may be rotated

tion, however, as .an indication that the master

selected aperture previously obtained by fadju'ste

inclinedamhoolreshaped edgel~38 adapted to vblock the movement-.of-the ?ange .112 and thus prevent

lever must be reset. rIfhe photographer is ‘thus clockwise by means or its i?‘n‘ger piece 413 to fully forced to set the master ‘lever, thereby releasing open the'lea'ves, as desirable rocasing-acamera, the latching lever £85, closing the shutter blades the ?nger piece He being thus moved adjacent also and releasing the trigger for operation ,in the arm 132i of the ring ISIS, as :‘showfn {in-Fig. "257; accordance .with the usual procedure for making After focusing adjustment of the camera "to anexposure. which the ‘diaphragm is applied, ?nger piece "I13 it {themodi?edembodiment shown in Fig. l;=l, may be ‘moved countere'clock‘wise from the posi the latchihgiever 1-36 has-ta ?nger piece 15'! which, tlon show-n in Fig. 2*? to the position shown in instead ‘of vbeing1cain-sliiaped for actuation by the Fig. '26, thereby restoring the diaphragm ‘to the ‘diaphragm operating flange L12, has a rearwardly

mg arm-I21.

-

2,480,973 full opening of the diaphragm to allow focusing adjustment of the camera until after the opening of the shutter for the same purpose. The shutter

may be opened by either depressing the ?nger piece I31 of the latch lever, or the latter may be provided with a plunger I39 sliding in a bearing

I40 in the casing for engagement at its inner end with the latch lever to depress it and open the shutter blades. The diaphragm ?ange II2 may then be moved to fully open the diaphragm and serves as before to prevent operation of the master lever or the trigger until the diaphragm has been

closed to its desired aperture setting.

In both

of the above modi?cations, therefore, it is nec essary, after focusing adjustment of the camera to restore the diaphragm to its closed position or

to its predetermined aperture setting and to reset the master lever, thus closing the shutter blades before the trigger can be released for operation, so that the mechanism is rendered substantially ;

fool-proof in operation. The above features are particularly advanta geous in a construction comprising a built-in syn

chronizer mechanism, actuated by the usual shut ter release member or trigger, such as disclosed I

in my Letters Patent Nos. 2,355,825, dated Aug.

15, 1944, and 2,358,941, dated September 26, 1944.

10

thereby in either case locking the trigger against actuation and preventing inadvertent operation of the synchronizer until after the diaphragm has been closed to its preselected aperture, the shutter blades closed and the master lever reset ready for an exposure, The construction and operation of the parts are thus so coordinated as to reduce to a minimum the likelihood of error in the order

of operation of the parts in focusing and thereby prevent in e?ective exposures or operations of the synchronizer, and avoid wastage of ?lm and syn chronizer bulbs. The operation of the mechanism has been de scribed in connection with its construction and it will be seen that the invention accomplishes its objects. While it has been herein disclosed by reference to details of a preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that such disclosure is intended in an illustrative, rather than a limiting sense, as it is contemplated that various modi? cations in the construction and arrangement of the parts will readily occur to those skilled in the art, within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims. I claim: 1. A camera shutter comprising a plurality of

shutter blades, a plurality of diaphragm leaves,

operating means for opening and closing said As fully disclosed in said patents, such a syn blades for e?ecting a camera exposure independ chronizer mechanism comprises a pair of disks MI and I42, rotated about a pivot I42a on the 30 ently of movement of said leaves, auxiliary means

for opening said blades during focusing adjust casing and provided with coacting electrical con ment of the camera, actuating means separate tacts (not shown). Disk MI is manually ad from said operating means for opening and clos~ justed to position, relative to disk I42, to deter ing said leaves, and retaining means connected mine the time of engagement of their respective contacts for closing the synchronizer circuit. 35 with said actuating means and movable thereby to position for engaging and retaining said aux Disk I42, by means of its handle I42b, is moved iliary means in position for opening said shutter from the initial position shown in Fig. 11 to posi in Figs. 6 and 10, in which position the disk is latched by the engagement of a 111g I44 thereon

blades while said actuating means is in position for opening said diaphragm leaves. 2. The combination with a camera shutter

with a shoulder I45 on a latching lever I45 pivoted at I41 on the casing and actuated by a spring I48. The other end of lever I46 lies in the path of a

said blades to eifect a camera exposure and aux

tion to tension an actuating spring I43, as shown

- tail I49 on trigger 18, so that actuation of the

mechanism comprising a plurality of shutter blades, operating means for opening and closing iliary means for opening and closing said blades

to permit focusing adjustment of said camera, of a diaphragm mechanism comprising a plurality of diaphragm leaves, actuating means separate from said operating means for manually opening and closing said leaves independently of move ment of said blades, and retaining means con nected with said actuating means for movement thereby to position for engaging and retaining said auxiliary shutter means in position for open ing said shutter blades while said actuating means and bears against the lug I54 to also serve in turn- . is in position for opening said diaphragm leaves.

trigger moves latching lever I46 clockwise to re lease disk I42 for rotation back to initial position. ' During such return of the disk I42, a pin I50 therein strikes a diamond-shaped lever I5I piv oted on the support I41, as best shown in Fig. 1. vLever I5I is moved counter-clockwise by a spring ‘ I52 bearing against a lug I53 on the lever. The other end of the spring bears against a lug I54 on a lever I55 pivoted about the support I41. A second spring I55 is wound about the support I41 ing lever I55 in a clockwise dirction so that its free end I51 normally rests on the inner ?ange

3. The combination with a camera shutter

mechanism comprising a plurality of shutter blades, a spring actuated master member adapted 52 of the casing. Locking lever 66 has an elon to be set to position for opening and closing said gated tail portion I58 lying in the path of move ment of the end I51 of lever I55 when the locking Iii) blades under actuation by said spring, a locking member for locking said master member in set lever 55 is moved to locking position by the set position and latch means for tripping said look ting of the master lever. ing member and latching said master member With the master lever in set position so as to in partially actuated position with said shutter unlock the trigger and with the synchronizer lever moved to set position, actuation of the trigger ' blades open, of a diaphragm mechanism compris ing a plurality of diaphragm leaves, actuating causes its tail I49 to trip latch lever I46, releasing means for opening and closing said leaves to the synchronizer disk I42 which, by its pin I50, permit focusing adjustment of said camera, and swings lever I5I counter-clockwise. Lever I5I, retaining means connected with said actuating striking lug I54, swings lever I55 counter-clock means for movement thereby to position for en wise so that ‘its end I51 strikes tail I58 and trips gaging and. retaining said latch means in position the locking lever to open and close the shutter. to latch said master member and retain said shut— It will be evident from this construction that ter blades in open position while said actuating in focusing the camera, it is necessary to ?rst means is in position for opening said diaphragm set the master lever and open the shutter blades manually or by'the opening of the diaphragm, 75 leaves.

11

2,480,973

12

'ZLJ'I‘he combination with a camera shutter

tion of said release member to permit focusing adjustment of said camera, of diaphragm mecha nism comprising a plurality of diaphragm leaves,

mechanism comprising a plurality of shutter blades, a spring actuated master member adapted to be set to ‘position for opening and closing said blades under actuation by said'sprin'g, a locking member for locking said master member in set position, a release member for tripping said lock ling member for opening and closing said blades

a? actuating‘ means movably connected with each of leaves adjacent one end thereof, a second

to effect a camera exposure, and auxiliary latch means for tripping said locking member and

latching said master member in partially actuated position with said blades open, of diaphragm mechanism comprising a plurality of diaphragm leaves, actuating means for opening and closing said leaves to permit focusing adjustment of said 15

camera, and'retaining means connected with said

actuating means and movable thereby to posi tion for engaging and retaining said latch means

inposition for opening said shutter blades while

actuating means movably connected With each of said leaves adjacent the other end thereof, each of said actuating means being movable to open and close said leaves, and retaining means connected with one of said actuating means for engaging and retaining said auxiliary means in position for opening said shutter blades while said connected actuating means is in position for opening said diaphragm leaves. 8. The combination with a camera shutter

mechanism comprising a plurality of shutter blades, operating means provided with a release

member for opening and closing said blades to eiiect a camera exposure and auxiliary means for

i said actuating means is in position for opening 20 opening said blades independently of operation

‘said diaphragm leaves.

5. The combination with a camera shutter

of said release member, of diaphragm mechanism comprising a plurality of diaphragm leaves, an actuating means movably connected with each of said leaves adjacent one end thereof and movable toadj'ust said leaves to a desired exposure aperture, a second actuating means movably connected with‘ each of said leaves adjacent the

mechanism comprising a plurality of blades, a spring actuated master member adapted to be set to position for opening and closing said blades under actuation by said spring, a locking member for locking said master ‘member in set position, actuating means connecting said master member other end thereof and movable to open and and blades for opening and closing said blades on 'closesaid leaves to permit focusing adjustment release of said master member by said locking 30 of said camera, and retaining means connected member, a ‘trigger for tripping said locking mem with said second actuating means for engaging ber ‘to release said master member, a spring actu and retaining said auxiliary means in position ated’latch member provided with means for trip for opening said shutter blades while said second jping said locking member and latching said actuating means is in position for opening said master member in partially actuated position ‘

with said blades open to permit focusing adjust ment of said ‘camera, said master member being manually movable from said partially actuated position to reset the same and release said latch ing member and said actuating means being op erable to close said blades during said resetting of said master member, of diaphragm mechanism comprising a plurality of diaphragm leaves, op erating means for opening and closing said leaves to permit focusing adjustment of said ‘camera, and retaining means connected with said operat ing ‘means for movement thereby to position for engaging and retaining said latch member in po sition to hold said shutter blades open while said operating means is in position for ‘opening said

diaphragm leaves. '6. The combination with a camera shutter ,m‘echa‘nis'm comprising a plurality of shutter blades, operating means provided with a release "member for opening and closing said blades to 'e?ect a camera exposure, and auxiliary means for

opening said'blades independently of operation of sai‘d're'lease member, of a diaphragm mechanism

diaphragm leaves. 9. II'he combination with a camera shutter

mechanism comprising a plurality of shutter blades, operating means provided with a release member for opening and closing said blades to effect a camera exposure and auxiliary means

for opening said blades independently of opera

tion of said release member, of diaphragm mecha ni'sm comprising a plurality of diaphragm leaves, an actuating means movably connected to each of said leaves adjacent ‘one end thereof and movable to adjust said leaves to a desired exposure aper ture, a ‘second actuating means movably con nected with each of said leaves adjacent the other end thereof and movable manually to open ‘and close said leaves to permit focusing

adjustment of said camera, said second actuating means being provided with retaining means for for engaging and retaining said auxiliary means in position for opening said shutter blades while said second actuating means is in position for

opening said diaphragm leaves. 10. The combination with a camera shutter

comprising a plurality of diaphragm leaves, and actuating means for opening and closing said leaves to permit focusing adjustment of said

mechanism comprising a plurality of shutter blades, operating means provided with a release member for opening and closing said blades to

camera, said auxiliary means and actuating means having parts each lying in the path of movement of ‘the other for obstructing the move ment of said actuating means while said auxiliary means is in inactive position and for obstructing the movement of said auxiliary means while said actuating means is in active position with said leaves open,

locking said release member against movement and for opening said blades and retaining them

7. The, combination with a camera shutter

mechanism comprising a plurality of shutter blades. operating means provided with a release

e‘?fect a camera exposure and auxiliary means for

in open position during focusing adjustment of said camera, of diaphragm mechanism compris ing a plurality of diaphragm leaves, actuating means movably connected with each of said leaves adjacent one end thereof and movable to adjust said leaves to a desired exposure aperture, a second actuating means movably connected with each of said leaves adjacent the other end there

of and movable manually in opposite directions for opening and closing said leaves to permit e?ect a camera exposure and auxiliary means focusing» adjustment of said camera, and retain for opening said blades independently of opera 75 ing means connected with said second actuat member for opening and closing said blades to

2,480,973

14 ing means for engaging and retaining said auxil iary means in position for locking said release member and opening said shutter blades while

position during focusing adjustment of the cam era. independently of movement of said leaves, adjustable means for adjusting said leaves to ob

said second actuating means is in position for

tain a desired exposure aperture, actuating means

opening said diaphragm leaves.

separate from said operating means for opening and closing said leaves and retaining them in open position during focusing of the camera in dependently of said adjustable means, and re

11. The combination with a camera shutter

mechanism comprising a plurality of shutter blades, a spring actuated master member mova

taining means connected with said actuating ble to set position for actuation by said spring for opening and closing said blades to effect a 10 means and movable thereby for engaging and re taining said auxiliary means in position for open camera exposure, a locking member for releasa ing said shutter blades while said actuating means bly locking said master member in set position, is in position for opening said diaphragm leaves. a release member for tripping said locking mem 14. A camera shutter comprising a plurality of ber, and auxiliary means for tripping said lock ing member and releasing said master member 15 shutter blades, a plurality of diaphragm leaves, operating means for opening and closing said for opening said blades and retaining them in blades to effect a camera exposure independently open position during focusing adjustment of said

of movement of said leaves, auxiliary means pro camera, of diaphragm mechanism comprising a vided with a cam surface for opening said blades plurality of diaphragm leaves, an actuating means movably connected with each of said leaves ad 20 during focusing adjustment of the camera, and actuating means for opening and closing said jacent one end thereof and movable to adjust leaves provided with a part cooperating with said said leaves to a desired exposure aperture, a cam‘ surface to open said shutter blades when said second actuating means movably connected with actuating means is moved to open said diaphragm each of said leaves adjacent the other end there of and movable to open and close said leaves to

25 leaves.

permit focusing adjustment of said camera, stop

15. A camera shutter comprising a plurality of

means comprising a part movable with one of said actuating means for stopping the movement of the

shutter blades, a plurality of diaphragm leaves, operating means for opening and closing said

blades to effect a camera exposure independently other thereof to prevent interference therebe tween, and retaining means connected with said 30 of movement of said leaves, auxiliary means for opening said blades during focusing adjustment second actuating means for engaging and retain of the camera independently of movement of said ing said auxiliary means in position for releas leaves, and actuating means for opening and clos ing said master member and opening said shut ing said leaves, said auxiliary means having a part ter blades while said second actuating means is arranged to engage and hold said actuating means in position for opening said diaphragm leaves. in the inactive position thereof. 12. A camera shutter comprising a plurality of ALFRED SCI-IWARZ. shutter blades, a plurality of diaphragm leaves, operating means for opening and closing said REFERENCES CITED blades for effecting a camera exposure independ ently of movement of said leaves, auxiliary means The following references are of record in the for opening said blades during focusing adjust ?le of this patent: ment of the camera independently of movement UNITED STATES PATENTS of said leaves, actuating means separate from said

operating means for opening and closing said leaves, and retaining means connected with said actuating means and movable thereby to position for engaging and retaining said auxiliary means

in position for opening said shutter blades while said actuating means is in position for opening said diaphragm leaves. 13. A camera shutter comprising a plurality of

shutter blades, a. plurality of diaphragm leaves, operating means for opening and closing said blades to effect a camera exposure independently of movement of said leaves, auxiliary means for

opening said blades and retaining them in open

Number

Name

Date

2,168,893 2,206,132 2,222,298 2,249,540 2,269,401

Aiken ____________ __ Aug. 8, Stewart __________ __ July 2, Nerwin __________ __ Nov. 19, Riddell __________ __ July 15, Steiner ___________ __ Jan. 6,

2,327,591 2,333,820 2,344,382 2,354,168

Brueck __________ __ Aug. 24, Riddell ___________ __ Nov. 9, Aiken ___________ __ Mar. 14, Aiken ___________ __ July 18,

2,356,880 2,362,547 2,380,610

Pignone _________ __ Aug. 29, Fuerst __________ __ Nov. 14, Pignone _________ __ July 31,

1939 1940 1940 1041 1942 1943 1943 1944 1944 1944 1944 1945