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Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 5 7 0
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Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
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Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test An Introduction to the Academic Word Family List
This is a list of 570 words you need to know if you want to understand the text in the reading and lectures in the listening passage. This list is not exclusive to the TOEFL test, but is rather a copy of the original Academic Word List (AWL). The Academic Word List (AWL) was first developed by noted linguist Averil Coxhead in 2001. She compiled a corpus of academic journals and texts across various disciplines and cross-checked each work to find some of the most common academic vocabulary. In the end, she published the Academic Word List (AWL), a concise catalog of the 570 most common words in academic English. No matter what the subject, you can expect to encounter these 570 words. The TOEFL is designed to measure whether you are prepared to enter a North American university. The reading texts and listening passages are a reflection of the type of material you can expect to encounter in a freshman-level course. If you need to improve your vocabulary for the TOEFL, particularly for the reading section, this list will be a tremendous help. About the List This is a variation of the AWL. We refer to this list as the Academic Word Family List. Not only do we include each of the headwords listed in the AWL, but we also show its variations. Here’s an example below:
All words in each row are connected to the meaning of the headword. So, if you know that abstract means existing in thought as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence than you know that other words like abstraction or abstractly should be somewhat connected to the original meaning of abstract. Words are not islands, they are part of a larger family. The goal of this list is to not only expand your vocabulary but show you that when you learn one word, you learn all the forms of that one word.
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Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
A word of caution, do NOT study every word in each word family. Instead, only focus on understanding the meaning of the headword. If you know the headword, then you can make an accurate guess of the meaning of its variations.
A Few Notes Here are a few things to consider before you get started studying the Academic Word Family List. 1. All word variations must correspond to the original meaning of the headword. So, for example, the word conduct. I assumed that the meaning of conduct was related to the manner in which a person behaves. However, conduct also means to transmit energy, usually in the form of electricity. Words like conduction and conductivity were not included in this instance because the meaning did not correspond to the original headword. ***The only exception to this was the suffixes -ism and -ist, which alone carry almost the same meaning when added to any word. -ist usually implies a believer in a school of thought and -ism usually means a school of thought. Also, both of these suffixes make a noun. 2. Most of the variants include a bound derivational suffix added to the end. Some suffixes with similar endings and meanings were shortened and lumped together since the aim of this chart is to provide students with the most important suffixes that convey a meaning or part of speech. Here are a few examples: ● -ical → -al (a problem, -al also is a noun form) ● -ier → -er ● -ary, -ery → -ry (a problem because -ary and -ery two separate meanings) ● -ization, -cation → -tion ● -ologist → -ist ● -acy → -cy ● -ically → -ly ● -eous, -ious → -ous -al ( noun) - action or process -al, -ial, -ical (adj.) - characterized by, related to -ery, -ry - noun place, condition, practice, quality -ary - also noun, person or thing belonging to -acy, -cy (noun) - state, condition, quality
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Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
3. Words that contained a bound derivational suffix, but contained a variant spelling were not underlined. ● resoluble - spelled differently than -able, -ible ● analyst - spelled differently than -ist 4. Free morphemes and inflectional morphemes were excluded from this list. 5. This is meant for students to see a connection between separate words. Over time, as you continue to interact with and read through this list, you will begin to recognize patterns in the bound morphemes.
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Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
The Academic Word Family List WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
abandon (v./n.)
abandonment
abandoned
abstract (adj./v./n.)
abstraction, abstractor, abstractionism, abstractionist
abstracted
abstractedly, abstractly
academy (n.)
academics, academism, academia, academicism, academician
academical, academic
academically
access (n./v.)
accessibility
accessible
accessibly
accommodate (v.)
accommodation, accommodationist
accommodative, accommodating
accommodatingly
accompany (v.)
accompaniment, accompanist
accompanying
accumulate (v.)
accumulation accumulator
accumulative
accurate (adj.)
accuracy
accurate
accurately
achieve (v.)
achievement, achiever
achievable
acknowledge (v.)
acknowledgment
acknowledgeable, acknowledged
acquisition, acquisitiveness, acquirement, acquirer, acquiree
acquisitive, acquirable
acquisitively
adapt (v.)
adaptability, adaptation, adapter, adaption, adaptationism, adaptationist, adaptivity
adaptable, adaptive
adaptively, adaptably
adequate (adj.)
adequately
adjacent (adj.)
adjacency
acquire (v.)
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Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
adjust (v.)
adjuster, adjustment, adjustability
adjustable
administrate (v.)
administer, administrator, administration
administrative, administrable
administratively
adult (n/adj.)
adulthood, adultness
adultly
advocate (v./n.)
advocacy, advocation, advocateship
affect (v.)
affectation, affection, affectlessness, affectedness, affectivity
affected, affecting, affectionate, affective, affectional, affectless
affectingly, affectionately, affectively, affectedly
aggregate (n./v./adj.
aggregation, aggregator
aggregative
aid (n./v)
aide
allocation, allocator
allocable, allocative
alter (v.)
alteration, alternate, alternation, alternator, alterity, alternant, alternative
alternative, alterable, altered, alternant
alternately, alternatively
alternative (adj.)
alternatively
ambiguous (adj.)
ambiguousness, ambiguity
ambiguously
amend (v.)
amendment, amender
amendable
analogy (n.)
analogize
analogue
analogous, analogical, analogic
analogically, analogously
analyze (v.)
analysis, analyst, analyzer, analytics
analytical, analyzable, analytic
analytically
annual (adj.)
annualized
annually
anticipate (v.)
anticipation, anticipator, anticipative
anticipatory
albeit (conjunction) allocate (v.)
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Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
apparent (adj.)
apparently
appreciate (v.)
appreciable, appreciation, appreciator, appreciativeness
appreciatory, appreciative
appreciably, appreciatively
approach (v./n.)
approachableness, approachability
approaching, approachable
appropriate (adj.)
appropriacy, appropriator, appropriateness, appropriation, appropriationist
appropriated
appropriately
approximate (v./adj.)
approximation
approximative
approximately
arbitrary (adj.)
arbitrariness
arbitrarily
area (n.)
areal
aspect (n.)
aspectual
assemble (v.)
assembly, assemblage, assembler
assess (v.)
assessment, assessor
assessable
assign (v.)
assignment, assignee, assigner, assignation
assignable
assist (v.)
assistance, assister, assistantship
assistive
assume (v.)
assumption
assumable, assumptive
assumedly
assure (v.)
assurance, assuredness, assurer
assuredly
attach (v.)
attachment
attachable, attached
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Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
attain (v.)
attainment, attainability
attainable
attitude (n.)
attitudinize
attitudinizer
attitudinal
attitudinally
attribute (v./n.)
attribution
attributable, attributive, attributional
attributively
author (v./n.)
authorship, authoress
authorial
authorize
authorization, authoritarian, authoritarianism, authoritativeness
authoritative
authoritatively
automate (v.)
automatize
automation, automaticity, automatics, automatism, automation, automatic
automated, automatic
automatically
available (adj.)
availability
aware (adj.)
awareness
behalf (n.)
benefit (v./n.)
beneficiary, beneficence
beneficial, beneficent
beneficently, beneficially
bias (v./n.)
biased
bond (v./n.)
bonded
brief (adj./v./n.)
briefing, briefer, brevity
briefly
bulk (n.)
bulkiness
bulky
bulkily
capable (adj.)
capacitate
capability, capacitation
capably
capacity (n.)
capacitive
category (n.)
categorize
categorization
categorial, categoric, categorical
categorically
cease (v.)
ceaseless
ceaselessly
authority (n.)
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Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
challenge (v./n)
challenger
challenging, challenged, challengeable
challengingly
channel (v./n.)
channeler
chapter (n.)
chart (v./n.)
charter
chemical (n./adj.)
chemically
circumstance (n.)
circumstantiate
circumstantiality, circumstantiation
circumstanced, circumstantial
circumstantially
cite (v.)
citation
citable
civil (adj.)
civilize
civilizer, civility, civilization
civilly
clarify (v.)
clarification, clarity, clarifier
classic (adj./n.)
classicize
classical, classicalism, classicality, classicist
classical
clause (n.)
clausal
code (n.v.)
coder, coding
coded
coherent (adj.)
coherence, coherency
coherently
coincide (v.)
coincidence
coincident, coincidental
coincidentally, coincidently
collapse (v./n.)
collapsibility
collapsible
colleague (n.)
commence (v.)
commencement
comment (n./v.)
commentate
commentary, commentator, commenter
commentative
commission (n./v.)
commissioner
commit (v.)
commitment, committer
committed, committable
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Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
commodity (n.)
commodify, commoditize
commodification, commoditization
communicate (v.)
communication, communicability, communicativeness, communicator
communicable, communicative, communicational, communicatory
communicably, communicatively
community (n.)
communitarian, communitarianism
compatible (adj.)
compatibility
compatibly
compensate (v.)
compensation, compensator
compensatory, compensative, compensational, compensable
compile (v.)
compilation, compiler
complement (n./v.)
complementariness, complementation, complementarity
complementary, complemental
complementarily
complex (n./adj.)
complexity
complexly
component (n./adj.)
componentize
componentry
compound (n./v./adj.)
compounder
compoundable
comprehensive (adj.)
comprehensiveness
comprehensively
comprise (v.)
compute (v.)
computerize
computer, computation, computing, computability, computerization, computerist
computable, computational
computationally
conceive (v.)
conceivability
conceivable
conceivably
concentrate (v.)
concentration, concentrator
concentrative, concentrated
concentratedly
conceptualize
conception, conceptualization, conceptualism, conceptualist
conceptual, conceptional, conceptive
conceptually
concept (n.)
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Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
conclude (v.)
conclusion, conclusiveness
conclusive, concluding
conclusively
concurrent (adj.)
concurrence, concurrency
concurrently
conduct (n./v.)
conductibility, conductor
conductible
confer (v.)
conference, conferee, conferment, conferral
conferrable
confine (v.)
confinement
confined
confirm (v.)
confirmation
confirmatory, confirmative, confirmed
conflict (n./v.)
conflictual, conflicting
conform (v.)
conformation, conformist, conformity, conformability, conformance, conformer, conformism
conformable, conformal, conformational
conformably, conformally
consent (n./v.)
consensus
consensual
consensually
consequent (adj.)
consequentialism, consequentialist, consequentiality, consequence
consequential
consequently, consequentially
considerable (adj.)
considerably
consist (v.)
consistency, consistence
consistent
consistently
constant (adj./n.)
constancy
constantly
constitute (v.)
constituency, constituent, constitution
constitutional, constitutive, constituent
constitutionally, constitutively
constrain (v.)
constraint
constrained
constrainedly
construction, constructor, constructiveness, constructivism, constructivist
constructive, constructional
constructionally, constructively
construct (v./n.)
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Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
consult (v.)
consultant, consultancy, consultation, consultee
consultative, consulting
consume (v.)
consumer, consumption, consumerism, consumerist
consumable, consumeristic, consuming
consumingly
contact (v./n./adj.)
contactee
contactable, contactless
contemporary (adj./n.)
contemporariness, contemporaneity, contemporaneousness
contemporaneous
contemporarily, contemporaneously
context (n.)
contextualize
contextualization, contextualism, contextualist, contexture
contextual
contextually
contract (v./n.)
contractor, contractee
contractable, contractual, contractive
contractually
contradict (v.)
contradiction, contradictor, contradictoriness
contradictory
contradictorily
contrary (n./adj.)
contrarianism, contrarian, contrariness, contrariety
contrarily
contrast (n./v.)
contrasting, contrastive, contrasty
contrastingly
contribute (v.)
contributor, contribution
contributive, contributory
controversy (n.)
controversialist, controversiality
controversial
controversially
convene (v.)
convention, convener
conventional
conversion, conversation, converser, conversancy, conversance, conversationalist
conversational, conversant
conversely, conversationally,
converse (v.)
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Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
convert (v.)
converter, convertibility
convinced, convincing, convincible
convincingly
cooperate (v.)
cooperation, cooperant, cooperator, cooperativeness
cooperative
cooperatively
coordinate (v./n./adj.)
coordination, coordinator
coordinative
core (v./n./adj.)
corer
corporate (adj.)
corporatize
corporation, corporatization, corporatism, corporatist, corporativism, corporativist
corporative
corporately
correspond (v.)
correspondence, correspondent
corresponding
correspondingly
couple (v./n.)
coupledom, coupler
create (v.)
creation, creativity, creator, creationism, creationist, creativeness
creative, creatable
creatively
credit (v./n.)
creditor, creditability
creditable
creditably
criteria (n.)
criterial
crucial (adj.)
cruciality
crucially
culture (n.)
cultural
culturally
currency (n.)
cycle (v./n.)
cyclist
cyclic, cyclical
cyclically
data (n.)
debate (v./n.)
debater
debatable
debatably
decade (n.)
decadal
decline (v./n.)
decliner
declinable
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Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
deduce (v.)
deduction
deducible, deductive
deductively
define (v.)
definition, definer
definitive, definable, definitional
definitionally
definite (adj.)
definiteness
definitely
demonstrate (v.)
demonstration, demonstrator, demonstrability, demonstrativeness
demonstrable, demonstrative, demonstrational
demonstrably, demonstratively
deny (v.)
denial, deniability, denialism, denialist, denier
deniable
deniably
denote (v.)
denotation
denotational, denotative
depress (v.)
depression, depressant
depressive, depressible, depressed, depressing, depressant
depressingly, depressive
derive (v.)
derivation, derivate, derivative
derivative, derivable, derivational
derivatively
design (v./n.)
designer
designedly
despite (prep.)
despiteful
detect (v.)
detection, detector
detectable
detectably
deviate (v.)
deviation, deviator, deviationism, deviationist
deviational
device (n.)
devote (v.)
devotion, devotedness, devotee
devoted, devotional
devotionally, devotedly
differentiate (v.)
differentiator, differentiation, differential
differentiable, different
differentially
dimension (n.)
dimensional, dimensionless
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Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
diminish (v.)
diminution, diminutiveness
diminishable, diminished, diminutive
diminutively
discrete (adj.)
discretion, discreteness
discretionary, discretional
discreetly
discriminate (v.)
discrimination, discriminability, discriminant, discriminator
discriminable, discriminating, discriminative, discriminatory
discriminably, discriminately, discriminatingly
displace (v.)
displacement, displacer
display (v./n.)
displayer
displayed
dispose (v.)
disposer, disposability
disposal, disposable, disposed
distinct (adj.)
distinction, distinctness
distinctive
distinctly, distinctively
distort (v.)
distortedness, distortion
distorted, distortional, distortionless
distortedly
distribute (v.)
distribution, distributary, distributor
distributive, distributable, distributional
distributively
diverse (adj.)
diversify
diversity, diversification, diversion
diversionary
diversely
document (v./n.)
documentation, documentalist, documentarian, documentarist, documentary
documentable, documental, documentati
domain (n.)
domestic (adj.)
domesticate
domestication, domesticity
domesticated, domesticable
domestically
dominance, dominancy, dominator, domination
dominant
dominantly
dominate (v.)
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Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
draft (v./n./adj.)
drafter
drama (n.)
dramatize
dramatist, dramatics, dramatization
dramatic
dramatically
duration (n.)
durational
dynamize
dynamicist, dynamics, dynamist, dynamization, dynamism
dynamical
dynamical
economy (n.)
economize
economics, economist, economizer, economization, economist
economical, economic
economically
edit (v.)
editorialize
edition, editor, editorialist, editorship, editorial
editorial, editable
editorially
element (n.)
elementalism, elementariness
elemental
elementally, elementarily
eliminate (v.)
elimination, eliminator, eliminationism, eliminationist
eliminable, eliminatory
emerge (v.)
emergence
emergent, emerging
emphasis (n.)
emphasize
emphatic
emphatically
empirical (adj.)
empiricism, empiricist
enable (v.)
enablement, enabler
enabling
encounter (v./n.)
energy (n.)
energize
energetics, energizer
energetic
energetically
enforce (v.)
enforcement, enforceability, enforcer
enforced, enforceable
enforcedly
enhance (v.)
enhancement, enhancer
enhanced
dynamic (adj./n.)
empirically
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Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
enormous (adj.)
enormity, enormousness
enormously
ensure (v.)
entity (n.)
environment (n.)
environmentalist, environmentalism
environmental
environmentally
equate (v.)
equation
equatable, equational
equip (v.)
equipment, equipage, equipper
equivalent (adj./n.)
equivalence, equivalency
equivalently
erode (v.)
erosion
erodible, erosional, erosive
error (n.)
erroneousness
erroneous, errorless
erroneously
establish (v.)
establishment, establisher, establishmentarian, establishmentarianism
established
estate (n.)
estimate (v./n)
estimation
estimative
ethic (n.)
ethicize
ethicality, ethics, ethicist
ethical
ethically
ethnic (n./adj.)
ethnicity
evaluate (v.)
evaluation, evaluator
evaluative
eventual (adj.)
eventuate
eventuality, eventuation
eventually
evident (adj.)
evidence, evidentiality
evidential
evidently, evidentially
evolution, evolutionist, evolutionism, evolvement
evolutionary, evolutional, evolutive, evolvable
evolutionally, evolutionarily
evolve (v.)
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Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
exceed (v.)
exceedance
exceeding
exceedingly
exclusion, excluder, exclusionist, exclusiveness, exclusivism, exclusivist, exclusivity
exclusive, excludable, exclusionary
exclusively
exhibition, exhibitioner, exhibitionism, exhibition, exhibitionist, exhibitor
exhibitionistic
exhibitionistically
expand (v.)
expansion, expansionism, expandability, expander, expansibility
expansive, expandable, expansible, expanded
expert (n./adj.)
expertize
expertize
expertly
explicit (adj.)
explicitness
explicitly
exploit (v.)
exploitation, exploiter
exploitable, exploitative
export (v./n.)
exporter, exportability, exportation
exportable
expose (v.)
exposed, expositional, expository
external (adj.)
externalize
externalization, externalism, externalist, externality
externally
extract (v./n.)
extraction, extractability, extractive, extractor
extractable
facilitate (v.)
facilitator, facility, facilitation
facilitative, facilitatory
factor (v./n.)
factorable
feature (v./n.)
featureless, featured
exclude (v.)
exhibit (v./n.)
exposure, exposer, exposition, expositor
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Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
federal (adj.)
federalize, federate
federation, federacy, federalization, federalism, federalist, federationist
federative
federally
fee (n.)
file (v./n.)
filer
filing
final (adj./n.)
finalize
finality, finale, finalization, finalism, finalist
finalistic
finally
finance (v./n.)
financier, financialization
financial
financially
finite (adj.)
finiteness, finitism, finitist, finitude
finitely
flexible (adj.)
flexibility, flexility, flexion, flexitarian, flexor, flexuosity, flexure
flexile, flexuous, flexural
flexibly, flexuously
fluctuate (v.)
fluctuation
fluctuant
focus (v./n.)
focuser
focused
format (v./n.)
formation
formational, formative
formatively
formula (n.)
formulate, formularize
formulate, formularize
formulable, formulaic
formulable, formulaic
forthcoming (adj.)
forthcomingness
foundation (n.)
foundational
found (v.)
founder, foundress
founding
framework (n.)
function (v./n.)
functionalism, functionalist, functionality, functionary
functional, functionless
functionally
fund (v./n.)
funding, funder
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Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
fundamental (adj.)
fundamentality, fundamentalism, fundamentalist
fundamentally
furthermore
gender (n.)
genderless, gendered
generate (v.)
generativity, generator
generable, generative
generation (n.)
generational
generationally
globe (n.)
globalize
globalization, globalizer, globalism, globalist, globoid (n./ adj.)
globose
globally
goal (n.)
goalwards
grade (v./n.)
grader
graded
grant (v./n.)
grantee, grantor
grantable, granted
guarantee (v./n.)
guarantor
guideline (n.)
hence (adv.)
hierarchy (n.)
hierarchize
hierarchization, hierarch
hierarchical, hierarchic
hierarchically
highlight (v.)
highlighter
hypothesis (n.)
hypothesize
hypothesist, hypothesizer
hypothetical
identical (adj.)
identically
identify (v.)
identification, identity, identifier
identifiable
identifiably
ideology (n.)
ideologist, ideologue
ideological
ideologically
ignorance (n.)
ignore
ignorer
ignorant, ignorable
ignorantly
illustrate (v.)
illustration, illustrative, illustrator
illustrated, illustrational
illustratively
image (n.)
imagery, image
imageless
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Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
immigrate (v.)
immigrant, immigration
impact (v./n.)
impaction, impactor
impacted, impactful, impactive
implement (v./n.)
implementer, implementation
implicate(v.)
implication, implicature
implicational, implicatory, implicative
implicatively
implicit (adj.)
implicitness
implicitly
imply (v.)
implied
impliedly
impose (v.)
imposition
imposing
imposingly
incentive (n.)
incentivize
incidence (n.)
incident
incident
incidentally
incidentally
inclination, incliner
inclinable
income (n.)
incorporate (v.)
incorporator, incorporation
incorporated, incorporative
index (v./n.)
indexation, indexer
indexable, indexible, indexical
indicate (v.)
indication, indicative, indicator
indicatory
indicatively
individual (adj./n.)
individualize, individuate
individualism, individualist, individuality, individualization, individuation
individualistic
individually, individualistically
induce (v.)
induction, inducer, inducement
inducible
inevitable (adj.)
inevitability
inevitably
infer (v.)
inference
inferable, inferential
inferentially
infrastructure (n.)
infrastructural
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Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
inherent (adj.)
inherence
inherently
inhibit (v.)
inhibition, inhibitor
inhibitory, inhibitive, inhibited
initial (adj.)
initialize
initialization, initialism
initiative
initially
initiate (v.)
initiation, initiator
initiatory
injure (v.)
injury, injurer, injuriousness
injured, injurious
injuriously
innovate (v.)
innovation, innovator, innovativeness
innovative, innovatory, innovational
innovatively
input (v./n.)
inputter
insert (v.)
insertion, inserter
insertable
insight (n.)
insightful
insightfully
inspect (v.)
inspection, inspector, inspectorate, inspectorship
inspectorial
instance (v./n.)
institutionalize
institution, institutionalism, institutionalization, institutor
institutional, institutionalized
institutionally
instruct (v.)
instruction, instructor, instructiveness, instructorship, instructress
instructive, instructional
instructively
integral (adj.)
integrality
integrally
integrate (v.)
integration, integrability, integration, integrationist, integrators
integrated, integrative, integrable, integrating
integrity (n.)
institute (v./n.)
22
Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
intelligence (n.)
intelligence, intelligencer, intelligentsia
intelligential, intelligent
intensify
intensity, intenseness, intenser, intensification, intensifier
intensive
intensely
interaction, interactant, interactionism, interactionist, interactivity
interactive, interactional
interactively
intermediate (adj.)
intermediacy, intermediateness, intermediation, intermediator, intermediary
intermediately
internal (adj.)
internalize
internality, internalization
internally
interpret (v.)
interpretation, interpretability, interpreter
interpretative, interpretive, interpretable, interpretational
interpretatively
interval (n.)
intervallic
intervene (v.)
intervention, intervener, interventionism, interventionist
intervening, interventional, intervenient
intrinsic (adj.)
intrinsically
invest (v.)
investor, investment, investiture
investable, investible
investigate (v.)
investigation, investigator
investigative, investigable, investigatory, investigational
invoke (v.)
invoker, invocation
invocatory
involve (v.)
involvement
involved
intense (adj.)
interact (v.)
23
Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
isolate (v.)
isolation, isolationism, isolator, isolationist
isolated, isolable, isolatable, isolating
issue (v./n.)
issuance, issuer
issuable, issueless
item (n.)
itemize
itemization, itemizer
job (n.)
joblessness
jobless
journal (n./v.)
journalize
journalese, journalism, journalist
journalistic
journalistically
justify (v)
justification, justifiability, justifiableness, justifier
justifiable, justified, justificatory
justifiably
label (v./n.)
labeler
labor (v./n.)
laborer, laborious, laboriousness, laborism, laborist
labored
laboriously
layer (v./n.)
layering
lecture (v./n.)
lecturer, lectureship
legal (adj.)
legalize
legality, legalese, legalization, legalism, legalist
legalistic
legalistically, legally
legislate (v.)
legislation, legislative, legislator, legislature
legislatively
levy (v./n.)
leviable
liberal (adj./n.)
liberalize, liberate
liberalism, liberalization, liberalness, liberalizer, liberalist, liberality
liberated, liberalistic
liberally
license (n./v.)
licenser, licensee, licensure
licensed, licensable
likewise (adv.)
link (v./n.)
linkage, linkability, linker
linkable, linking
24
Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
locate (v.)
location, locator
locatable, locational
logic (n.)
logician, logicality, logicism, logicist
logical
logically
maintain (v.)
maintenance, maintainability, maintainer
maintainable
major (v./n./adj.)
majority, majoritarian, majoritarianism
majorly
manipulate (v.)
manipulation, manipulativeness, manipulator, manipulability
manipulative, manipulatory, manipulable, manipulatable
manipulatively
manual (adj./n.)
manually
margin (n.)
marginalize, marginate
marginality, marginalia, marginalization, margination
marginal, margined
marginally
mature (v./adj.)
maturation, maturity
maturational, maturative
maturely
maximize (v.)
maximalism, maximalist, maximization, maximizer, maximum
maximalism, maximalist, maximization, maximizer, maximum
maximally
mechanism (n.)
mechanize
mechanization, mechanizer
media (n.)
mediate (v.)
mediator, mediacy,
mediatory, medial, median, mediational, mediation
medially, medianly, mediately
medical (adj.)
medicalize, medicate
medicalization, medicament, medication
medicable, medicative
medically
medium (adj./n.)
mediumism, mediumship
mediumistic
mental (adj.)
mentality, mentalism, mentalist
mentalistic
mentally
25
Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
method (n.)
methodize
methodology, methodization, methodizer, methodologist
methodical, methodic, methodological
methodically, methodologically
migrate (v.)
migrant, migration, migrator
migratory, migrational
military (adj./n.)
militarize
militaria, militariness, militarization,
militaristic
militarily, militaristically
minimal (adj.)
minimalize
minimalism, minimalist
minimalistic
minimally
minimize (v.)
minimization, minimizer
minimum (n.)
ministry (n.)
minister, ministership
ministerial
ministerially
minor (adj.)
minority
mode (n.)
modeler
modeling
modify (v.)
modification, modifier
modifiable, modificatory
monitor (v.)
monitorship
monitory, monitorial
motive (n./adj.)
motivate
motivation, motivator, motivity
motivated, motivational, motiveless
motivationally
mutual (adj.)
mutualize
mutuality, mutualism, mutualist
mutualistic
mutually, mutualistically
negate (v.)
negate
negation, negativeness, negativism, negativist, negativity, negative
negative, negatory, negativistic
negatively
network (n./v.)
networker
networking, networkable
26
Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
neutral (adj.)
neutralize
neutrality, neutralization, neutralizer, neutralism, neutralist
neutrally
nevertheless (adv.)
nonetheless (adv.)
norm (n.)
normativeness, normativity
normative
normatively
normal (adj.)
normalize
normality, normalcy, normalization, normalizer
normally
notion (n.)
notional
notionally
notwithstanding (prep)
nuclear (adj.)
objective (n./adj.)
objectivize
objectiveness, objectivization, objectivism, objectivist, objectivity
objectivistic
objectively
obtain (v.)
obtainer, obtainment, obtainability
obtainable
obvious (adj.)
obviousness
obviously
occupy (v.)
occupancy, occupant, occupation, occupier
occupational, occupied
occupationally
occur (v.)
occurrence
occurrent
odd (adj.)
odds, oddness, oddity, oddment
oddish
oddly
offset (v.)
ongoing (adj.)
ongoingness
option (n.)
optionality
optional
optionally
orient (v.)
orientate
orientation, orienteer
oriented, orientational
27
Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
outcome (n.)
output (n./v.)
outputter
overall (adj./adv.)
overalled
overlap (v/n.)
overseas (adv./adj.)
panel (n.)
panelling, panelist
paradigm (n.)
paradigmatic
paradigmatically
paragraph (n.)
paragraphic
parallel (n./v/adj.)
parallelize
parallelization, parallelism
parallelistic
parameter (n.)
parameterize
parameterization
parametric
parametrically
participate (v.)
participant, participation, participator
participatory, participative
partner (n.)
partnership
partnerless
passive (n./adj.)
passiveness, passivity
passively
perceive (v.)
perceiver
perceivable
percent (adj./n.)
percentage, percentile
period (n.)
periodize
periodicity, periodization
periodic, periodical
periodically
persist (v.)
persistence, persistency
persistent
persistently
perspective (n.)
perspectivism, perspectivist
perspectival
perspectively
phase (n/v.)
phasic, phasing
phenomenalize
phenomenalism, phenomenalist
phenomenal, phenomenalistic
phenomenally
phenomenon (n.)
28
Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
philosophy (n.)
philosophize
philosopher, philosophizer
philosophical
philosophically
physical (adj.)
physicalize
physicalness, physicalization, physicalism, physicalist, physicality
physicalistic
physically
plus (n./adj./ preposition)
policy (n.)
portion (n.)
portionless, portioned
pose (v./n.)
poser, position
posable, positionable,
positionally
positive (adj.)
positiveness, positivism, positivist, positivity
positivistic
positively, positivistically
potential (adj./n.)
potentialize, potentiate
potentiality
potentially
practitioner (n.)
precede (v.)
precedence, precedent
preceding
precise (adj.)
precision, precisian, precisianism, preciseness
predict (v.)
prediction, predictability, predictor
predominant (adj.)
predominate
predominance, predomination
predominantly, predominately
preliminary (adj./n.)
preliminarily
presumption, presumptuousness
presumable, presuming, presumptive
presumably, presumedly, presumingly, presumptively, presumptuously
presume (v.)
precisely predictable, predictive
predictively, predictably
29
Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
previous (adj.)
previously
primary (adj.)
primarily
prime (adj.)
primacy, primeness
primal
primally
principal (adj.)
principalship
principally
principle (n.)
principled
prior (adj.)
priority (n.)
prioritize
prioritization
proceed (v.)
procedure, proceeds
proceeding, procedural
procedurally
process (n./v.)
procession, processor
processed, processable
professional (adj./n.)
professionalize
professionalism, profession, professionalization
professionally
prohibit (v.)
prohibition, prohibitor, prohibitiveness, prohibiter
prohibitive, prohibitory, prohibitionary
prohibitively
project (v./n.)
projection, projectile, projectionist, projector
projective
projectively
promote (v.)
promoter, promotion, promotability
promotable, promotive, promotional
proportion (n.)
proportionate
proportionality
proportional, proportionable, proportioned
proportionably, proportionally, proportionately
prospect (n.)
prospector
prospective, prospectless
prospectively
protocol (n.)
psychology (n.)
psychologize
psychologist, psychologese, psychologism
psychological
psychologically
publication (n.)
30
Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
publish (v.)
publisher
publishing, publishable
purchase (v./n.)
purchaser
purchasable
pursue (v.)
pursuit, pursuivant, pursuer, pursuance
pursuable
pursuant, pursuantly
qualitative (adj.)
qualitatively
quote (v./n.)
quotation, quotability
quotable, quotative
radical (adj./n.)
radicalize
radicalness, radicalization, radicalism
radically
random (adj.)
randomize
randomization, randomness
randomly
range (n./v.)
ratio (n.)
ration
rationalize
rationalism, rationale, rationalization, rationalizer, rationalist, rationality
rationalistic
rationalistically, rationally
react (v.)
reactivate
reactionary, reaction, reactor, reactionist, reactiveness, reactivity, reactivation
reactive, reactionary
recover (v.)
recovery, recoverer, recoverability
recoverable
refine (v.)
refinement, refiner
refined
regime (n.)
regimen, regiment, regimentation, regimentally
regimental, regimented
region (n.)
regionalize
regionalization, regionalism, regionalist
regional
regionally
rational (adj.)
31
Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
register (n./v.)
registration, registrant, registrar, registrarship
registrable
regulate (v.)
regularize, regulate
regulator, regulation, regular, regularization, regularity
regulatory, regulable, regulative
regularly
reinforce (v.)
reinforcement, reinforcer
reject (v.)
rejection, rejector, rejectionist
rejectable, rejective
relax (v.)
relaxation, relaxer, relaxant, relaxedness
relaxed
relaxedly
release (v./n.)
releasee, releaser
releasable
relevant (adj.)
relevance
relevantly
reluctance (n.)
reluctant
reluctantly
rely (v.)
reliance, reliability, reliableness
reliable, reliant
reliably
remove (v./n.)
removability, remover
removal, removable
require (v.)
requirement, requirer
required
research (v./n.)
researcher
researchable
reside (v.)
residence, resident residentship, residency
residential, residentiary
residentially
resolve (v./n.)
resolution, resolvability, resolver, resoluteness
resolvable, resolved, resolutive, resoluble
resolvedly, resolutely
resource (n./v.)
resourcelessness
resourceless, resourceful
resourcefully
32
Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
respond (v.)
respondent response, responder, respondence, responsibility, responsibleness
responsive, responsible, respondent
responsibly, responsively
restore (v.)
restoration, restorationism, restorationist, restorer
restored, restorable, restorative
restoratively
restrain (v.)
restraint, restrainer
restrainable, restrained
restrainedly
restrict (v.)
restriction, restrictedness, restrictionism, restrictionist, restrictiveness
restricted, restrictive
restrictedly, restrictively
retain (v.)
retainer, retention, retainability, retainment
retentive, retainable
reveal (v.)
revelation, revealer, revelationist
revealing, revealable, revelatory, revelational
revealingly
revenue (n.)
reverse (v./n./adj.)
reverser, reversibility r
reversal, reversible
reversely, reversibly
revise (v.)
revision, reviser, revisionism, revisionist
revisal, revisable, revisory, revisionary
revolution (n.)
revolutionize
revolutionism, revolutionist, revolutionary
revolutionary
rigid (adj.)
rigidify
rigidness, rigidity
rigidly
role (n.)
route (n./v.)
route (n./v.)
router
scenario (n.)
scenarist
schedule (v./n.)
scheduler
33
Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
scheme (v./n.)
schematize
schema, schematization, schematism, schemer
schematic, scheming
schematically, schemingly
scope (n.)
section (n/v.)
sectionalize
sectionalism, sectionalist
sectionable, sectional, sectioned
sectionally
sector (n.)
sectoral, sectorial
secure (adj./v/)
securitize
security, securement, secureness, securitization
securable, secured
securely
seek (v.)
seeker
select (v./adj.)
selection, selector, selectness, selectee, selectiveness, selectivity
selective, selectable, selectional
selectionally, selectively
sequence (n.)
sequentiality
sequencing, sequential, sequent
sequentially, sequently
series (n.)
serialize, seriate
seriality, serialization, serialism, serialist, seriation
serial, seriate
seriatim, serially
sex (n.)
sexualize
sexism, sexuality, sexer, sexiness, sexist, sexlessness, sexology, sexologist, sexualization
sexual, sexed, sexy, sexless, sexological
sexily, sexlessly, sexually
shift (v./n.)
shifter, shiftiness, shiftlessness
shiftable, shifty, shifting, shiftless
shiftily, shiftlessly
significant (adj.)
signify
significance, signification, significator, signifier
significative
significantly
similar (adj.)
similarity
similarly
simulate (v.)
simulation, simulator, simulant
simulated, simulative
site (n.)
34
Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
so-called (adj.)
sole (adj.)
solely
somewhat (adv.)
source (v./n.)
specific - (adj./n.)
specificity, specificness
specifically
specify (v.)
specification, specifier
specifiable
sphere (n.)
sphericity, spheroid, spheroidicity
spherical, spheral, spheric, spheroidal, spherular
spherically
stable (adj.)
stabilize
stability, stabilization, stabilizer
stably
statistic (n.)
statistician, statistics
statistical
statistically
status (n.)
straightforward (adj.)
straightforwardness
straightforwardly
strategy (n.)
strategize
strategist
strategic, strategical
strategically
stress (n./v.)
stressor, stressfulness
stressed, stressful, stressless, stressy
stressfully
structure (n./v.)
structuralism, structuralist, structuration
structured, structural, structureless
structurally
style (n./v.)
stylize
stylelessness, styler, stylization, stylishness, stylist
styling, stylish, stylized, styleless, stylistic
stylishly, stylistically
submit (v.)
submission, submitter, submissiveness
submissive
submissively
subordinate (adj./n./v.)
subordination
subordinative
subordinately
subsequent (adj.)
subsequence
subsequently
35
Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
subsidy (n.)
subsidize
subsidiarity, subsidizer, subsidization, subsidiary
subsidiary
subsidiarily
substitute (n./v/)
substitution, substitutability
substitutable, substitutive, substitutional, substitutionary
successor (n.)
succession, successiveness
successive, successional
successively
sufficient (adj.)
suffice
sufficiency
sufficiently
sum (n./v.)
summary (n./adj.)
summarize
summation, summariness, summarization, summarizer
summational, summative
summarily
supplement (n./v.)
supplementary, supplementation
supplemental, supplementary
supplementally, supplementarily
survey (n./v.)
surveillance, surveyor, surveyorship
survive (v.)
survivor, survivability, survivalism, survivalist, survivorship
survival, survivable
suspend (v.)
suspension, suspense, suspensiveness
suspenseful, suspensory, suspensive
suspensively
sustain (v.)
sustainer, sustainment, sustainability
sustainable, sustained
sustainedly, sustainably
symbol (n.)
symbolize
symbolism, symbolization, symbolist, symbology
symbolic, symbolical
symbolically
tape (v/n.)
targetable, targeted
target (v./n.)
36
Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
task (v./n.)
team (v./n.)
technical (adj.)
technicality, technician, technicist, technic
technical
technically
technique (n.)
technology (n.)
technologist
technological
technologically
temporary (adj.)
temporariness
temporarily
tense (adj.)
tension, tenseness, tensity, tensility, tensioner
tensile, tensional, tensionless, tensive
tensely, tensionally
terminate (v.)
termination, terminator, terminal (adj./n.)
terminable, terminational
terminally
text (n.)
texter, textualism, textualist, textuality
textual, textless
textually
theme (n.)
thematize
thematization
thematic
thematically
theory (n.)
theorize
theorist, theorem, theoretician, theorization, theorize
theoretical, theorematic, theoretic
theoretically
thereby (adv.)
thesis (n.)
topic (n.)
topicalize
topicality, topicalization
topical
topically
trace (v./n.)
tracing, traceability, tracer
traceable, traceless
tradition (n.) ,
traditionalist, traditionist, traditionalism
traditional, traditionary, traditionless, traditionalistic
traditionally
transference, transferee, transferrer, transferability
transferable, transferral
transfer (v./n.)
37
Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
transform (v.)
transformation, transformer
transformable, transformative, transformational
transformationally
transit (n.)
transition, transitoriness
transitional, transitionary, transitory
transitionally, transitorily
transmit (v.)
transmission, transmissibility, transmitter
transmissible, transmissive, transmittable, transmittal
transport (n./v.)
transportation, transporter, transportability
transportable, transported
trend (n.)
trendify
trendiness, trendy
trendy
trigger (v./n.)
triggered
ultimate (adj.)
ultimatum, ultimacy
ultimately
undergo (v.)
underwent
underlie (v.)
underlying
undertake (v.)
undertaking
uniform (n.)
uniformity
uniformly
unify (v.)
unified
unificatory, uniformed, uniforming
unique (adj.)
uniqueness
uniquely
utilize (v.)
utility, utilitarianism, utilization, utilizer
utilitarian, utilizable
valid (adj.)
validate
validation, validity
validly
vary (v.)
variation, variant, variance, variability, variableness, variationist, variable
varied, variable, variational
variably
vehicle (n.)
vehicular
unification, unifier
trendily
38
Your Ultimate Vocabulary List for the TOEFL® Test 570 Words You Need to Know
WORD
VERB
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
version (n.)
versional
via (prep)
violate (v.)
violation, violator
violable
virtual (adj.)
virtualize
virtualization, virtualizer, virtuality
virtually
visible (adj.)
visibility, visibleness
visibly
vision (n.)
visionariness, visionary
visional, visionless
visual (adj./n.)
visualize
visually
volume (n.)
volumize
voluminousness, volumizer
volumed, volumetric, voluminous
volumetrically
voluntary (adj.)
volunteer (n./v.)
volunteerism, voluntariness, voluntarism, voluntarist
voluntary, voluntaristic
voluntarily, voluminously
welfare (n.)
welfarism, welfarist
whereas (conj.)
whereby (adv.)
widespread (adj.)
39