Alstom

Chilled Ammonia Process for Post-Combustion CO2 Capture

4 January, 2008, Nina Kr. Solie

POWER

The Alstom group: Two main activities, three sectors Equipment & services

Equipment & services

for power generation

for rail transport

• Alstom Power Systems

• Alstom Transport

• Alstom Power Service

CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture –07 January 2008 - P 2

Our History SvenskaFläktfabrikken Fläktfabrikken Svenska 1920 1920

NEBB1873 1873 NEBB

ASEA1883 1883 ASEA

NorskViftefabrikk Viftefabrikk1932 1932 Norsk

NationalIndustri Industri1917 1917 National ABBMiljø Miljø1988 1988 ABB ABBKraft Kraft1988 1988 ABB ABBALSTOM ALSTOMPower Power1999 1999 ABB

ALSTOM Norway AS in 2000 CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture –07 January 2008 - P 3

CO2 Capture Solutions

Zero emission technology pathways Power Power Plant Plant with with CO CO22 Capture Capture

Pre-combustion Pre-combustion

Oxy-combustion Oxy-combustion

Post-combustion Post-combustion

(New (New plants plants only) only)

(New (New ++ retrofit) retrofit)

(New (New ++ retrofit) retrofit)

Source: Vattenfall

CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture –07 January 2008 - P 4

Source: Vattenfall

Process Schematic of the Chilled Ammonia Process Gas Water Rich Solution Lean Solution CO2

Steam REF

From FGD

Stripper

G6

Clean Combustion Gas

Pressurized CO2

G7 Water Wash

G5 Cooling Cooling

DCC2

REF REF

G2

G3

G4 Steam

Booster Fan

G1

CO2 Absorber

CO2 Regenerator

DCC1 REF Bleed

Refrigeration System

Cooling and Cleaning CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture –07 January 2008 - P 5

CO2 Absorption

CO2 Regeneration

Advantages of Ammonia

• Energy efficient capture of CO2 − Low heat of reaction − High pressure regeneration

• High capacity for CO2 per unit of solution • No degradation during absorption-regeneration • Tolerance to oxygen in flue gas • Low cost and harmless reagent

CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture –07 January 2008 - P 6

Chilled Ammonia Process Summary Development Plan 2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

1 SMALL BENCH SCALE (Completed) •

First technical hypotheses

2 LARGE BENCH SCALE (SRI)

Major steps

•

Optimize absorber design for pilot

•

Establish absorber removal rate


To be performed on coal, gas and refinery g

•

Demonstrate limited ammonia emissions


Pilots/Demos in Norway, Sweden and USA

3

FIELD PILOTS (15,000 tons per year) •

Validate key performance parameters

4

COMMERCIAL DEMONSTRATIONS (80-100,000 tons per year)

Commercialization


System reliability

Basic concept feasibility to be validated as quickly as possible CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture –07 January 2008 - P 7

Phase 1 – Small Bench Scale Testing Key Objectives • Establish process potential − Testing of absorber and regenerator

• Generate data to support initial techno-economic analysis • Identify key issues to be addressed in later development stages • Develop process simulation models to be used to begin process optimization

CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture –07 January 2008 - P 8

Phase 2 - Large Bench Scale Testing Key Objectives

• Demonstrate potential to achieve acceptable CO2 capture efficiency for a range of CO2 concentrations in flue gas • Demonstrate low ammonia emission • Measure mass transfer • Optimization of absorber design and operating conditions • Provide data to support the design of the 5 MW pilots

CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture –07 January 2008 - P 9

Phase 2 - Large Bench Scale Testing Photo of Absorbers & Water Wash

CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture –07 January 2008 - P 10

Phase 3 - Field Pilot Projects at We Energies and E.ON Key Objectives

• Validate operation of the entire system on actual flue gas • Measure heat of reaction to compare against theoretical values • Develop and evaluate the process control logic and operating system • Operate the system in long-term tests to identify O&M issues and establish system reliability • At We Energies, EPRI will develop a techno-economic analysis to scale up the system for commercial applications CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture –07 January 2008 - P 11

Phase 3 - Field Pilot at We Energies Project Summary

• Commenced field erection July, 2007 • Project participation through EPRI by over 20 US and international utilities • Pilot commissioning commenced end of 2007 • Testing to continue through 2008 • Designed to capture up around 15,000 tons/year of CO2 at full capacity • Will provide data necessary to establish ‘proof of concept’ CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture –07 January 2008 - P 12

We Energies Pleasant Prairie Power Plant (P4)

Phase 3 - Field Pilot at We Energies 3-D View of Pilot

CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture –07 January 2008 - P 13

Phase 3 - Field Pilot at We Energies View from the Pilot construction

CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture –07 January 2008 - P 14

Phase 3 - Field Pilot at E.ON Karlshamn Project Summary

• Designed to capture up around 15,000 tons/year of CO2 at full capacity • Pilot commissioning and testing to commence in August 2008 • Testing to continue into 2009 CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture –07 January 2008 - P 15

E.ON Thermal Karlshamn Power Plant, Karlshamn, Sweden

Phase 4 – AEP Mountaineer Commercial Demonstration Project Status

• Executed MOU in March 2007 • Established project budget • Commenced project engineering • RWE partner • Demonstration unit scheduled for commissioning in 2009 • Designed to capture 100,000 tons/yr of CO2 for sequestration in a well located on the plant property • ALSTOM’s scope includes design, supply, erection, commissioning, operation and maintenance CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture –07 January 2008 - P 16

AEP Mountaineer Plant, New Haven, W.Va.

Phase 4 – StatoilHydro Commercial Demonstration Project Status • Executed joint development contract with Statoil (now StatoilHydro) for the CAP technology in August 2007 • European Test Center Mongstad (TCM) will demonstrate CO2 capture for flue gases from a natural gas combined heat and power plant (CHP) and a catalytic cracker (FCCU) • Designed to capture 80,000 tons/yr • Demonstrating CAP and Amine technologies in parallel • Equal share partners in TCM include Shell, Dong, Vattenfall & Gassnova CAP for Post Combustion CO2 Capture –07 January 2008 - P 17

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