Breast Cancer Pathophysiology

Increase size of tumor

Compression of nearby blood vessels

Compression of nerve endings

Compression of Lymph Nodes

Pain

Orange Peel Skin

Decrease tissue perfusion (Ischemia)

Tissue Necrosis

Presence of Discharge in the breast

Shifting of Aerobic to Anaerobic Respiration Lactic Acid Production Irritates nerve endings Increase SGOT/AST

Rupture of the obstructed blood vessels Bleeding Hgb=78 mg/dL

Anemia

Dizziness Weakness

Hct=23% Tachypnea

Tachycardia

Pale Lips, Conjunctiva, Nailbeds

Poor Capillary refill 3-4seconds

Easy fatigability

 Irregular shape mass  Dimpling effects in the breast  Obvious asymmetry of the breast

Predisposing Factors: Age Gender History of Breast Ca Late Menopausal

Precipitating Factors: Diet Obesity

Etiology: Cellular Aberration

Insertion/Deletion in the DNA/RNA sequence Alteration in Chromosomes Mutation of Normal Cells

Presence of Malignant Cells

Presence of NonFunctional Benign Cells Malignant cells releases Anorexinogenic Agents

Mutation of the TP53

Affects the satiety center Loss of appetite (anorexia) Impaired Nutrition

Body Compensates: Increase Breakdown of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Protein

Deprives the nutrition of Normal cells

Abnormal cells escapes apoptosis Abnormal cells proliferates Increase no. of malignant cells

Decrease Muscle Mass

Weight Loss

Increase size of tumor