China

CHINA

 

CHINA COAT OF ARMS

CHINA FLAG

INTRODUCTION 

Capital : Beijing

 Official

name: Peoples republic of China

 Currency:

Yuan

 Languages:  Other

Languges: Cantonese,Hakka

 Religion:  Climate  

Chinese,Mandarin

Confucianism,Taoism, and Buddhism

: Extremes - from North to South

Health and Education

Life expectancy at birth: total population: 73.47 years lliteracy:

china: 90% lprimary

school enrollment = 98.58%

lCompletion

Education expenditures: 1.9% of GDP (1999)

rate = 75%

Total fertility rate: 1.79 children born/woman (2009 est.) School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education): total: 11 years male: 11 years female: 11 years (2008) l

CULTURE  It

is a nation which is 'cultured'. Dating back to 5000 years and more.



 China

boasts of one of the richest and the most diverse heritage.



 The

Culture of China is a consolidated phrase.



 For

such a large nation, the Chinese have proved quite a united race.





CULTURE  They

have shared the same language.



 The

art of calligraphy is also an important part of the culture of China.

  every

one across the planet has had a taste of the sumptuous Chinese cuisine.



GEOGRAPHY vChina is a very diverse land including deserts, mountains and fertile river basins. vWestern China is mountains with the Himalaya, Tian and Pamir ranges. vWestern China also has a large desert. Central China consists of mountainous regions. v vRivers also play a major role in China, both for transportation and for irrigation

v

GEOGRAPHY OF CHINA Location:  Eastern Asia, bordering the East China Sea, Korea Bay, Yellow Sea, and South China Sea, between North Korea and Vietnam 



Land boundaries:  total: 22,117 km  border countries: Afghanistan 76 km, Bhutan 470 km, Burma 2,185 km, India 3,380 km, Kazakhstan 1,533 km, North Korea 1,416 km, Kyrgyzstan 858 km, Laos 423 km, Mongolia 4,677 km, Nepal 1,236 km, Pakistan 523 km, Russia (northeast) 3,605 km, Russia (northwest) 40 km, Tajikistan 414 km, Vietnam 1,281 km  regional borders: Hong Kong 30 km, Macau 0.34 km 



Climate:  extremely diverse; tropical in south to subarctic in north 



Natural resources:  coal, iron ore, petroleum, natural gas, mercury, tin, tungsten, antimony, manganese, molybdenum, vanadium, magnetite, aluminum, lead, zinc, uranium, hydropower potential (world's largest) 



Land use:  arable land: 14.86%  permanent crops: 1.27%  other: 83.87% (2005)  Irrigated land:  545,960 sq km (2003) 



Total renewable water resources:  2,829.6 cu km (1999) 



Area:  total: 9,596,961 sq km  country comparison to the world: 4  land: 9,569,901 sq km  water: 27,060 sq km 

People Of China

Population:  1,338,612,968 (July 2009 est.) 



Age structure:  0-14 years: 19.8% (male 140,877,745/female 124,290,090)  15-64 years: 72.1% (male 495,724,889/female 469,182,087)  65 years and over: 8.1% (male 51,774,115/female 56,764,042) (2009 est.) 



Population growth rate:  0.655% (2009 est.) 



Birth rate:  14 births/1,000 population (2009 est.) 



 Death rate:  7.06 deaths/1,000 population (July 2009 est.) 



Urbanization:  urban population: 43% of total population (2008) 

Religions: Daoist (Taoist), Buddhist, Christian 3%-4%, Muslim 1%-2% note: officially atheist (2002 est.) Languages: Standard Chinese or Mandarin (Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghainese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages (see Ethnic groups entry) Literacy: definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 90.9% male: 95.1% female: 86.5% (2000 census) Education expenditures: 1.9% of GDP (1999) country comparison to the world: 170 food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever vectorborne diseases: Japanese encephalitis and dengue fever soil contact disease: hantaviral hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) animal contact disease: rabies

Country name:



GOVERNMENT



conventional long form: People's Republic of China



conventional short form: China

 Government type:





Communist state

 Administrative divisions:





23 provinces



5 autonomous regions



4 municipalities



National holiday:



Anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, 1 October (1949)

 Constitution:





most recent promulgation 4 December 1982 with amendments in 1988 and 1993

PSYCHOGRAPHICS 

Business people prefer developing friendships and long term relationships



 Hofsted:  China

high context society  High Power Distance  Collectivist rather than individualistic.   Other

cultural differences that must be understood (for example, where building entrance is, marketing material that works, and other cultural details.



Transportation: 

Air-- over two hundred airports. Service available from both local domestic carriers and most international airlines.

 

Ocean-- Large number of ports and harbors handling booming export trade. Served by most international shippers.

 

Inland Waterways-- Well travelled by almost every kind of boat imaginable.

 

Roads and Highways-- Of 1.2m kilometers, about 80% are unpaved. Most highways less than modern and in need of major investment.

 

Rail-- A major means of transportation with over 62500kilometers of track, mostly standard gage.

  

Subway-- exists in the largest cities. Generally, insufficient to handle current and future population.

MAJOR INDUSTRIES vMajor crops include wheat and rice. Fishing is also a major industry along the coasts. v v vChina has considerable natural resources including coal, lead, zinc, copper, tungsten and gold. v v vChina also has considerable oil reserves

ATTRACTIONS

1 . The great wall - BeIjing BADALING Badaling Great Wall lies in Yanqing County in Beijing and stands on the ridge of infinite steep mountains. There are two high peaks, generally called the south high peak and the north high peak. The highest point is about 1,000 meters above sea level. 



 



The base of the wall was made of granite and lump of soil and the top was paved with square bricks. The great wall averages 7.8 meters in height and is 6.5 meters wide at the base and 5.7 meters at the top. On both sides of the road there are dwarf walls called "parapet wall”.

2 . THE FORBIDDEN CITY  There is a world famous architecture in the center of Beijing. It has thousands of splendid rooms and magnificent towers.

 The largest, best-preserved, mass group of palaces in China is found here.  Entering the Forbidden City through Wu Gate (Wumen), there is a square. This is the first square in the Forbidden City. A belt-shaped artificial river runs through the square from west to east. It is the Golden Water River.

 

3. THE BUND 

 



The Bund got its name from a desolate beach outside the old Shanghai City. The east side of the Bund is right next to the Huangpu River. To the west of the Bund, there are group of 52 buildings standing in various styles, Gothic, Baroque, Rome, Renaissance, Classic and the combination of Eastern and Western style. The Bund is like "an exhibition of buildings".

4.YELLOW MOUNTAIN It is also known as Mt. Huangshan. Yellow Mountain is well-known all over the world for its four scenic spots - pine forrest, strange stone, cloud sea and hot spring.

It is one of famous mountains in China.  The scenic spots are :the Ciguang Pavilion between the thick forest and tall bamboo, and the Banshan Temple with quiet environment situated between the Laoren Peak and the Zhusha Peak. 

5 . POTALA PALACE The symbol of Tibet is located in Lhasa, on top of the Red Mountain, at an altitude of 3700 meters. This was the main residence of the spiritual leader of Tibetan Buddhism, the Dalai Lama.  The

whole complex is 13 stories high and contains about 1000 rooms.  It contains a seminary, a printing workshop, living quarters, shrines, reliquary monuments, and an assembly hall for the monks.

6 . LI RIVER The Li River is located in Guangxi Province. The scenery of Guilin is the best in the world, and Yangshuo's scenery is the best in Guilin."  On

both sides of its bank are numerous wonderful sights, such as blue water circling the mountains, odd peaks reflected in the water, waterfalls flying down from the mountains.  The Li River is a pearl among the beautiful landscapes in China.

How China Compares Column1

Institutions Infrastructure Macroeconomy Health and Primary Education

Mexico 69

Canada 21

U.S 27

China 80

64

13

12

60

54

32

69

6

41

2

40

55

17

5

77

Higher Education and 71 Training Market Efficiency

48

7

2

56

Technological Readiness Business Sophistication Innovation

56

17

8

75

52

18

8

65

58

13

2

46

INSTITUTIONS Institutions

Mexico Canada

U.S

China

69

27

80

lINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY lSOFTWARE

21

RIGHTS

PIRACY

lPRODUCTION

OF KNOCK OFFS

lCORRUPTION lMore

widespread than US and Canada.

lDiffers lSome

lCONTROLLED

from Mexico.

points arguable on a cultural basis BANKING SYSTEM

Development Strategies  China

has a more focused development

strategy than Mexico  Industrial

Policies are being implemented at

the sub national level  Regional

markets supplement national ones,

and can reduce the pressures from global competition

INNOVATION lChina

is still focused on low cost production versus innovation.

l lHowever,

with the increasing number of highly educated Chinese citizens studying abroad and in China, and several government initiatives, in addition the technology being transferred through the high number of foreign subsidiaries, this is bound to change.

lHigh

level of exports.

lHighly

MARKET EFFICIENCY

competitive environment in manufacturing sector aimed at exports.

lCorruption

and bribery

lNeed

the right connections to start a business, compete and can

get favorable treatment. lAnti-trust lLarge

laws need

pay disparity between industries and despite laws, work conditions

are less than suitable. l

TECHNOLOGICAL READINESS Benefits from the technology brought over by foreign companies.

l Benefits

from the technology brought over by foreign companies.

l

lHowever,

production machinery and equipment used in local firms tend to

be old l

lInformation

technology uptake in Chinese firms lagging.

BUSINESS SOPHISTICATION lDespite

reforms, China’s business environment is still difficult.

l

lChinese

consumers are becoming more sophisticated.

l

lStill,

China is focused on manufacturing while most crucial strategic

decisions by companies are taken overseas. l

MACROECONOMIC OVERVIEW 

GDP (purchasing power parity): $8.767 trillion (2009 est.)





GDP - real growth rate: 8.4% (2009 est.)





GDP - per capita (PPP):



$6,500 (2009 est.)



GDP - composition by sector:



agriculture: 10.9%



industry: 48.6%



services: 40.5% (2009 est.)



Investment (gross fixed):





42.6% of GDP (2009 est.)

MACROECONOMIC OVERVIEW

Inflation rate (consumer prices):





-0.8% (2009 est.)

Budget:





revenues: $972.3 billion



expenditures: $1.137 trillion (2009 est.)

Oil - production:





3.795 million bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil - consumption:





7.999 million bbl/day (2008 est.)

Oil - exports:





 

388,000 bbl/day (2007 est.)

CURRENT ACCOUNT 





Current account balance: $296.2 billion (2009est.) Exports: $1.194 trillion (2009 est.) Imports: $921.5 billion (2009 est.) 

CHALLENGE: GDP Does not Benefit All

China Unemployment rate Unemployment rate: 4% (2009 est.)

Why is China gaining US market share over Mexico? . China has a lower-cost producer overall (labor costs lower, but not transport & tariffs);   huge scale economies;  coherent and multidimensional upgrading strategy – diversify and add high value activities.  use direct foreign investment to promote “fast learning” in new industries  use access to its domestic market to attract TNCs and promote knowledge spillovers.



Foreign capital in China's national economic development  By

the end of 2007, China's foreign-invested companies had exceeded ten thousand, and that year alone, actually utilized FDI totaled $74.8 billion dollars (national standard data reference)



 country

attracting the most FDI among the developing world for 15 consecutive years



 China

not only expands the FDI scale but also optimizes its structure

Foreign capital in China's national economic development 

Utilization of foreign capital has a visible impact on China's technological advance





Import and export of foreign-invested companies has greatly promoted China's  foreign trade





Utilization of foreign capital creates numerous job opportunities





Foreign-invested companies promote China's industrial process





Foreign-invested companies have become China's indispensable source of tax





Utilization of foreign capital promotes the optimization of China's

China Trade Roundup

CHINA’S EXPORT

CHINA’S IMPORT

Most Recent Developments: 

On October 22, 2009, the Chinese government announced that third quarter GDP had risen by 8.9% on a year-onyear basis.



 On

October 21, 2009, a Chinese banking official warned that easy money policies could cause property and stock bubbles.



 On

October 15, 2009, the Chinese government announced that FDI in China in September had risen by 18.9% yearon-year.  The government also reported that foreign exchange reserves had risen to $2.27 trillion. 

UPCOMING EVENTS 

24 - 25 Mar 10 6th Global Foundry Sourcing Conference 2010 in Shanghai

 

25 - 26 Mar 10 2nd Annual World Shipbuilding Summit 2010 in Shanghai

 

29 - 31 Mar 10 Mines and Money 2010 in Hong Kong

 

8 - 9 Apr 10 China Clean Coal Summit 2010 in Beijing

 

12 - 13 Apr 10 8th Coaltrans China in Beijing

 

10 - 12 May 10 3rd International Coal and Mining Machinery, Technology and Equipment Expo in Beijing

 

11 - 13 May 10 Shanghai Tube Expo & Shanghai Pipe Fittings