L3 Islamic Worldview

The Worldview of Islam A worldview is that vision of reality and truth, which, as an architectonic mental unity, acts as the non-observable foundation of all human conduct, including scientific and technological activities.

The Worldview of Islam  Foundation  The reasons and intentions underlying the

act, disposition of the agent and whatever justification may be given for his action.

 Observable foundation  Whatever preceding action behaviour,

disposition and events given as either reason or condition for the action performed.

 Non-observable foundation  All the mental operations leading to that

action considered as either justification for it or causes of it.

The Worldview of Islam Discussion on worldviews normally centre on the following concepts:  The

Concept of God  The Concept of Man  The Concept of Universe  The Concept of Prophethood

The Worldview of Islam The Concept of God  Ontologically

the Quran & Islam are Theo centric because the only true reality is the One God, Allah, the Necessary Being.  Teleologically the Quran & Islam are anthropocentric as „Man, his nature, conduct, psychology, duties and destiny are, in fact, as much a central preoccupation of the Quranic thought as the problem of God Himself…‟.

The Worldview of Islam The Concept of God  The

Idea of Allah is not new to the Islamic Arabs.  God, according to the Quran, is Absolute Real (al-Haqq). The exact nature of God is not knowable for his beyond comprehension.  The most important aspect of God in the Quran is His Oneness (Tawhid) One humanity, unity of knowledge Personal relation with God Prohibition of all form of superstitious The Idea of God Immanence

The Concept of Man

The Worldview of Islam 





The Quran, being a guidance for mankind, is logically aimed directly at man. The cosmos of the Quran is „intensely human and even social‟ with a strong sense of common human destiny. One of man‟s unique position is his capacity for creative knowledge and acceptance of the “Amanah”. The Quran talks two level of man‟s creation: 1. The “ghayb” unseen level which occurred in primordial time. 2. The natural biological process level that man knows through experience as well as science.

Peking Man

The Worldview of Islam The Concept of Man 

A closer study of the verses dealing with the creation of man indicates that the primary intention of the Quran is not scientific.

We created man in the best mould. Then We reverted him to the lowest of the low, except those who have faith and do righteous deeds – At Tin: 4-6

al Insan

Nutfah = a drop of mingled fluid

The term nutfah , as it was explained by prophet Mohammad himself , peace and blessings be upon him , from his haith , when he was asked about creation of children by one of Jews : ” O, Jew , it is created from both ; from a man nutfah and from a woman nutfah ” ( This hadith was narrated in Musnad Ahmad, volume 1, page 465) . To explain this hadith , it is clear from the answer of prophet Mohammad , peace and blessings be upon him , that nutfah is the part by which the man shares in creation of a child and also nutfah is the part by which the woman shares in this creation . Thus , according to this hadith , it is clear that creation of a child occurs from both male and female and that the term nutfah is applicable to both male and female , not only male.

In one verse that describes the creation of progeny of Adam :” Then He made his progeny of an extract , of a little weak fluid ” (Surah As-sajda ; 32 : Ayah 8 ) , this verse means that creation occurs as an extract from that little weak fluid, in Arabic the word extract is the best of that fluid . Despite Qura‟n does not mention in the previous verse , to whom belongs this fluid , it could be understood that this fluid originates from both sexes , not only one of them , that meaning could be appreciated from another verse of Qura‟n ; ” O mankind ! We created you from a male and a female ..” (Surah Al-Hujraat ; 49 : Ayah 13) , in this verse , Allah , the – Al-mighty , said that He Have created mankind from both sexes , the male and female , thus no one can longer say that Qura‟n states that creation is from male only .

We created man out of the extract of clay. Then We made him into a drop of life-germ, than We placed it in a safe depository, than We made this drop into a clot, the We made the clot into a lump, then We clothed the bones with flesh, and the We caused it to grow into another creation. – Al Mu’minun; 12-14

than We placed it in a safe depository

We clothed the bones with flesh, and the We caused it to grow into another creation

Recite in the name of your Lord Who created. Created man from a clot of congealed blood. Recite: and your Lord is Most Generous. Who taught by the pen, taught man what he did not know. – Al Alaq 1-5

a clot of congealed blood

The primary motives of the Quran concerning man‟s creation can be generally stated as :

To develop a higher sense of God-consciousness, “taqwa”, and relate it to humility.

I created the jinn and humans for nothing else but that they may serve Me. Ad Dhariyat:56

To refute the Christian’s attribution of divinity of Jesus.

Pharaoh Ramesses (FIRAUN)

To inform the man of his uniqueness and purpose of creation and duties.

To affirm that God, who first created man certainly can, and shall, raise him again for accountability.

The Worldview of Islam 



The discussion concerning man‟s nature from the perspective of the Quran is necessarily linked to the idea of the trust which man accepted in the primordial time, and the idea of his freedom which is fundamental to his nature and destiny. Volitional and intellectual faculties are part of the essential definition of man. The consequences of these two powers with their limitless possibilities for good and evil are the reasons neither the earth nor the heavens nor the mountains were willing or capable of accepting it.

The Worldview of Islam 

The question of human volition and freedom, unfortunately, has been much debated outside the Quranic imperative.  “This message is no less than a reminder to all

mankind, to anyone of you who wills to walk a straight way. But you cannot will it unless God…will”



The motive of the Quran is to enhance the human relationship with his Lord, and not to be overly anxious of the opposition and rebellions of certain people because of these are part of the “will of God”. The attitude of reliance on God will produce personalities that are ever-optimistic and courageous.

The Concept of the Universe

The Worldview of Islam The concept of Universe in the Quran is conveyed by the phrase “the heavens and the earth and whatever lies between them”.

Sama - applied to anything that is spread like a canopy above any other thing as in the case of our visible skies.. It also connotes “the cosmic system”

 Al-Ard- is not only the planet Earth, but the entire

inorganic universe including the planet Earth.  Shahada- the visible phenomena.  Ghuyub- represent all that is beyond human perception including not only the „jinn‟ and angels but also past historical events such as Day of Judgement, Heaven and Hell…

The Worldview of Islam 

The Quran considers several avenues to guidance, to an understanding of the higher purpose and laws of life and existence.  The is the verbal-scriptural guidance revealed in a

specific language addressed to the whole mankind.  The universal guidance in natural phenomena, history and human psychology. 

History has seen that Muslims became „backward‟ when they held steadfastly only to the first guidance, while modern man became „unhappy‟ and „lost‟ using only the second type of guidance.

The Worldview of Islam Even though the entire universe is made to be utilised by man, this utilization is for the enhancement of man‟s true purpose in creation: to perform „ibadah‟ to Allah.

Man should use the entire cosmos NOT merely for his physical and intellectual needs but more importantly, for his moral spiritual advancement. The Quran repeatedly condemns; “The corruption on earth, on the land and in the sea is due to men‟s actions”

Fukushima Nuclear

Tsar Bomb

 „Ibada‟

in the Quran is a very general and comprehensive concept which is frequently to other key ethical terms like „shukr‟ and to „taqwa‟ in numerous places.

The Concept of the Prophethood

The Worldview of Islam 





In Islamic world view the knowledge about God, the „ghaib‟, the purpose of human existence, man‟s destiny and that the universe id conveyed through out history by a special group of human beings known as messengers (rusul) or prophets (anbiya‟) The knowledge pertaining directly to their duties was revealed to them from behind veil. The contents of these revelations are variously described as guidance (huda), truth (haqq), light (nur) and the criterion for judging between righteousness (furqan) and falsehood. Prophets are exemplary human beings whose conduct, sayings and virtues are enjoined to be obeyed upon their followers.

Ali Imran: 84

We raised a Messenger in every community (to tell them): `Serve Allah and shun the Evil One’ – Al Nahl: 36

Just think when your Lord said to the angels’ Lo! I am about to place a vicegerent on earth’ they said: will You place on it one who will spread mischief and shed blood while we celebrate. Your glory and extol Your holiness?’ He said `Surely I know what you do not know’. al Baqarah 30

Then Allah taught Adam the names of all things and presented them to the angels and said, `If your are right (that the appointment of a vicegerent will cause mischief) then tell Me the name of these things’

al Baqarah ; 31

They said, Glory to You! We have no knowledge except what You taught us. You only, You are AllKnowing, all Wise’. The Allah said to Adam; `Tell them the names of these things’ And when he had told them the names of all things, Allah said; `Did I not say to you that I know everything about the heavens and the earth which are beyond your range of knowledge and I know all that you disclose and also all that you hide’ Al Baqarah 32-33

knowledge

The knowledge pertaining directly to their duties was revealed to them from behind veil. The contents of these revelations are variously described as guidance (huda), truth (haqq), light (nur) and the criterion for judging between righteousness (furqan) and falsehood.

The concept of university

University : The word university is derived from the Latin universitas magistrorum et scholarium, roughly meaning "community of teachers and scholars‖ Madrasah – tarbiyyah (education) Adab – Akhlak (personalities) Experiment and Creativities Critics Thinking In Islamic view, university inspired based on the world-view of tawhid and the Islamic philosophy of the unity of knowledge as well as its concept of holistic education. Islamic values are inculcated into all disciplines. In Arabic – University = Jamiah (Plural) = Kulliyyah

Before the Day of Judgments Belief in Allah; Belief in the angels; Belief in the revealed books; Belief in the commissioned Messengers (peace be upon them). Belief in the resurrection and the events of Qiyamah. Belief in the predestination by Allah of all things, both the (seemingly) good and the (seemingly) bad.

Do not follow that of which you have not knowledge. Surely the hearing, the sight, the heart – each of these shall be called to account.

Jabal Rahmah, Arafah

Cain kills his brother Abel (Habil)– first murder in human history

Saint Seth the Patriarch Shith or Shiyth; (Placed; appointed), in Judaism, Christianity and Islam, is the third listed son of Adam and Eve and brother of Cain and Abel. Allah sent him to Nil Valley

Judgement of Daniel’, by John Rogers Herbert (c. 1851)

Allah sent him to TigrisEuphrates Valley Babylon

Athens Civilization

Coliseum at Rome

at Amman, Jordan

at Syria

Malaga, Spain

at Bath, UK.

Democracy Autocracy Oligarchy Republic Rhetoric

Socrates

Aristotle

Plato

Idris, or in Bible call as Enoch, In some literature, he was believed as wise man who teach all knowledge to human as astronomy, math, Law, Chemistry, writing etc. He also was believed as man who responsible to the development of old Egypt culture, where piramid is one of the big art of him. In every world culture, Idris name, or Enoch was widely known. Greeks consider him as a God as Hermes Trismegistus, God of Sc. & magic

.

Sumerian Assyria Mesopotamia Babylon

Cuneiform - Sumerian inscription. One of the earliest examples of human writing

Kawi – Java inscription

Hieroglyph Egyptian

Hindu Numeric

Maya Numeric

Arabic Alphabet

Babylon (Babylonian, Bab-ilim or Babil, 'Gate of God'), one of the most important cities of the ancient world, whose location today is marked by a broad area of ruins just east of the Euphrates River, 90 km (56 mi) south of Baghdad, Iraq. Babylonian literature was well developed in the 3rd millennium B.C. Records have been found of highly developed religion, history and science, including medicine, chemistry, alchemy, botany, zoology, math and astronomy. In the Old Testament it is called 'Shinar' - Akkadia and Sumer as well as 'the land of the Chaldeans.' The Babylonians lived in Mesopotamia, a fertile plain between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.

The Code of Hammurabi

The Code opens with the enactment that ―if a man has thrown a curse upon another man, and it is not justified, the layer of the curse shall be slain‖. The second is similar, recalling the witch-finding ordeals practised in this country up to a couple of centuries ago. But then come a number of laws having to do with matters of practical ethics and morality. A man who has harboured a fugitive slave shall be slain, but he who apprehends one in his field and takes him back to his master shall be suitably rewarded. A man who out of laziness has neglected to repair his dyke, with the result that his neighbour’s field is flooded, shall make good the latter’s loss. A man, who is caught breaking into a house, shall be slain in the breach he has made in the wall, and shall be buried there. If a fire breaks out, and one of the fire-fighters seizes the opportunity of stealing some of the victim’s goods, he shall be thrown himself into the blaze. If plotters against the state meet in the house of a wine-seller, and she does not seize them and deliver them up to the ―great house‖, she shall be slain.

Nebuchadnezzar The Akkadian name, Nabû-kudurriuṣur, means "Oh god Nabu, preserve/defend my firstborn son". Nabu is the Babylonian deity of wisdom, and son of the god Marduk. In an incription, Nebuchadnezzar styles himself as Nabu's “beloved” and “favorite”. His name has previously been mistakenly interpreted as "O Nabu, defend my kudurru", in which sense a kudurru is an inscribed stone deed of property. However, when contained in a ruler's title, kudurru approximates to "firstborn son" or "oldest son.

Nebuchadnezzar

The Hanging Garden of Babylon

The Lost Civilization

Daniel Interpreting Nebuchadnezzar's Dream

Daniel was a righteous man of princely lineage and lived about 506-538 B.C. He was carried off to Babylon by Nebuchadnezzar, the Assyrian, but was still living when Assyria was overthrown by the Medes and Persians. In spite of the "captivity" of the Jews, Daniel enjoyed the highest offices of state at Babylon, but he was ever true to Jerusalem. His enemies (under the Persian monarch) got a penal law passed against any one who "asked a petition of any god or man for 30 days" except the Persian King. But Daniel continued true to Jerusalem. "His windows being open in his chambers towards Jerusalem, he kneeled upon his knees three times a day, and prayed, and gave thanks before his God, as he did a foretime.― — Abdullah Yusuf Ali, The Holy Quran, Text, Translation and Commentary.14,

We have sent you forth as nothing but mercy to people of the whole world An Anbia: 120

Prophethood - Idolism Idolatry is a pejorative term for the worship of an idol, a physical object such as a cult image, as a god or practices believed to verge on worship, such as giving undue honour and regard to created forms other than God

`And We lead the Children of Israel across the sea: and then they came upon a people who were devoted to the worship of their idols. They said; `O Moses, make for us a god even as they have gods. Moses said; `You are indeed an ignorant people’ Al A’raf 138

Prophet + Messenger + Patriarch + Leader Adam Noh Ibrahim Lut Ismail Ishak Yusuf (Prime Minister) Ayub Musa Harun Daud (King) Sulaiman (King) Isa Muhammad

Prophet of Muhammad s.a.w the last messenger

Say to them, (O Muhammad) Holy is my Lord! Am I anything else than a human being, who bears a Message (from Allah) – Al Isra:93

They say; Why were signs (mukjizat) from his Lord not sent down upon him? Say: The Signs are only with Allah. As for me, I am no more than a plain warner. Does it not suffice for them (as a Sign) that We revealed to you the Book that is recited to them? Surely there is mercy and good counsel in it for those who believe – al Ankabut :50-51

Abu Bakr said, "If anyone worshipped Muhammad, then know that Muhammad is dead, but if anyone worshipped Allah, then Allah is living and does not die."

Abu Bakr then recited these words from the Qur'an: "Muhammad is but a messenger; messengers (the like of whom) have passed away before him. If, then, he dies or is killed, will you turn back on your heel?"

“Today I have perfected your religion, and completed my favours for you and chosen Islam as a religion for you.” – al Maidah:3

agama

menganut (submit) mengikut sesuatu ajaran (doctrine, thought, teaching, theory) fahaman dsb anutan sesuatu yg dianut; pegangan; ikutan (follow). penganutan perihal atau perbuatan menganut salah satu fenomena sosial (social phenomenon), penganut pengikut sesuatu ajaran (followers of belief), fahaman dsb;

- Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka

Agama Agama is a Sanskrit term for scriptures of Buddhism, Jainism, and Hinduism. In Buddhism, the term agama is used to refer to a collection of discourses.

Religion A set of beliefs concerning the cause, nature, and purpose of the universe, especially when considered as the creation of a superhuman agency or agencies, usually involving devotional and ritual observances, and often containing a moral code governing the conduct of human affairs. A specific fundamental set of beliefs and practices generally agreed upon by a number of persons or sects

Christianity Christianity is more than a religion; it is a relationship with Jesus Christ. John 15:9 says, ―As the Father has loved me, so have I loved you. Now continue in my love.‖ John 15:15, ―I have called you friends.‖ John 17:24, ―Father, I want those you have given me to be with me where I am.‖ John 15:13, ―Greater love has no one than this that he lay down his life for his friends.‖ In John 10, Jesus makes several statements demonstrating His deep love for us -- ―I am the good shepherd. The good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep. I know my sheep and my sheep know me -- and I lay down my life for the sheep.‖ Jesus summarized the true meaning of religion in Matthew 22:37-40, ―Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind. Love your neighbor as yourself.‖

Say, Verily, I am commanded to serve Allah with sincere devoting. Al Zumar :11

In Arabic language, the Ad Din conveys fundamental concepts: The dominion and control of the powerful (Governance and sovereignty) Obeisance, surrender and compliance by one who has accepted the dominion of the person in power Rules, regulations and a code that a person has to comply with (A systems of thought and life that develops under its dominion and control) Accountability, verdict, punishment and reward

What the meaning of Islam?

peace, purity, submission judging rewarding punishing way law Constitution the collection of moral spiritual, worldly principles, system way of conduct servanthood, order

The Worldview of Islam Definition of Islamic Science Islamic Science is that scientific activity which takes place ultimately within the Islamic worldview (which

can be identified also as Islamic conceptual environment); but as an

extension of it directly within the Islamic scientific conceptual scheme (which can be identified also as the Islamic context of science).

Samiri’s Cow near Petra, Jordan

Prophethood - Idolism

Idolatry is a pejorative term for the worship of an idol, a physical object such as a cult image, as a god or practices believed to verge on worship, such as giving undue honour and regard to created forms other than God