Marathi Tarnslation.docx

INTODUCE YOURSELF(ससससससस ससस सससस सस) My name is Soham Sarkar - सससस ससस सससस ससससस ससस My father's name is Gour Sundar Sarkar - सससससस सससससससस ससस ससस ससससस ससससस ससस My mother's name is Sipra Sarkar - सससससस सससस ससस सससससस ससससस ससस I have one brother - ससस सस ससस ससस His name is soumic sarkar - सससससस ससस ससससस ससससस ससस my brother is an engineer- सससस ससस सस ससससससस ससस I have no sister - ससस सससस सससस There are four members in our family- सससससस सससससससस ससस ससससस सससस My father was in rbi- सससस सससस ससससससससससस सससस My mother is a housewife- सससस सस सस सससससस ससस I live in Kolkata - सस सससससससससससस ससससस I live in dum dum at Kolkata which is in West Bengal - सस सससससस ससससससससस ससससससस सससस सस ससससससस सससस ससस MY age is 27 years - सससस सस 27 ससससस ससस I am a pharmacist - सस ससससससससससस ससस I passed my graduation in pharmacy - सस सससससससससससस सससस सससस सससससससस सससस I passed my graduation in 2013 - सस 2013 ससससस सससस सससस सससससससस सससस From then I am preparing for banking exam - ससससससससससस सस सससससससस सससससससससस ससससस ससस ससस I passed the madhyamik examination ससससससस ससस सससस

in

2007- सस 2007 ससससस सससससससस

I passed the higher secondary examination सससससससस ससससससस ससस सससस

in

2009 - सस 2009 ससससस सससस

I am here for language proficiency test - सस सससस सससस सससससस ससससससससस ससस

I am an Indian - सस सस सससससस ससस Kolkata is the capital of West Bengal - ससससससस सससससस ससससससस ससससससस ससस Kolkata is called the city of joy - सससससससस ससससससस ससस ससस ससससससस The chief minister of West Bengal is Mamata Banerjee- सससससस ससससससस ससससससससससस सससस ससससससस सससस Welcome – ससससससससस (susvāgatam) How are you? - सस ससस सससस? (tu kasā āhes) >m सस ससस सससस? (tu kashī āhes) >f ससस ससस सससस? (āpan kashe āhāth) frm Reply to 'How are you?' सस ससस ससस (mī ṭīk āhe) Long time no see - ससस सससससस ससससस सससस (khup divasāt bhetalo nāhi) What's your name? सससस ससस ससस ससस? (tujha nāv kāy āhe) inf सससस ससस ससस ससस? (āpale nāv kāy āhe) frm My name is ... सससस ससस ... ससस(māzha nāv ... āhe) Where are you from? ससस ससससस सससस? (āpaṇ kōthale āhāt?) I'm from ... ससससस ...ससस सससस (amhi ... hun āhot) m सस ...ससस ससस (mi ...hun āhe) f Pleased to meet you सससससससस ससससस सससस सससस (tumhālā bhetūn ānanda jhālā) Good morning (Morning greeting) सस-सससससस (su-prabhāt) Good evening (Evening greeting) ससस-सससससस (shubh-sandhyā) Good night ससस सससससस (shubha rātrī) Goodbye (Parting phrases) सससस (yeto) m सससस (yete) f सससससस सससस (pūnhā bhetū) I understand ससस ससससस (malā samajate) I don't understand ससस सससस सससस (malā samajata nāhī) Please speak more slowly ससससस ससस ससस सससस (kṛupayā jarā haḷu bolā) Please say that again सससससस ससससस (punhā sāngā) Please write it down ससससस ससससस सससस (krupayā lihun ghya) Do you speak Marathi? सससससससस ससससस ससससस सससस सस?(tumhāīā marāṭī boltā yete kā?)

Yes, a little सस, सससस सससस(ho, thode yete) Excuse me ससससस ससस (kshamā karā) How much is this? सससस सससस? (kitī jhāle?) Sorry ससस ससस (māf karā) Please ससससस (krupayā) Thank you ससससस ससस (ābhārī āhe) ससससससस (dhanyāvad) Reply to thank you सससस सससससस ससस (āpale svāgata āhe) Where's the toilet / bathroom? सससससस सससस ससस?(shauchalaya kuthe ahe?) I love you सससस सससससससस ससससस ससस(Mājha tujhyāvar prem āhe) Stop! ससससस! (thāmbā!) Call the police! ससससससससस ससससस (polisānnā bolavā) New Year greetings सससस ससससससससस ससससससस सससससससस(navīn varṣācyā hārdik śubhecchā) Birthday greetings सससससससससससस ससससससस सससससससस(vāḍhivsācyā hārdik śubhecchā) Congratulations! ससससससस! (Abhinandana!)

Telling your name in Marathi

What I learned : सस = सस = I. Since time unknown, people have been possessive with the things they belong . ( Hey , This is my cave and my wife …..you go away ) . Who doesn’t like claiming an ownership over things around us ? We use possessive adjecitve for this purpose . English has only one first person possessive adjective “ My “. Marathi has 3 – सससस ,सससस ,सससस . Hindi has 3 –सससस ,सससस ,सससस

सससस , सससस , सससस = सससस , सससस , सससस = My

Your introduction in Marathi

As the picture tells us, the suffix of the verb is different for masculine and feminine gender. For masculine: all verbs in present tense end with “सस” and for feminine: all verbs end with “सस”. Introduction (Male) :

Describing others in Marathi

सस = You, सस= He,सस = She,सस = It

Introducing others in Marathi

Using चच/चच/चच in Marathi

“चच/चच/चच ” in Marathi is like using apostrophe S of English. If you are referring to a Masculine object then “चच” is used. Amitabh’s son = अअअअअअ अअ अअअअअ Abhishek’s dog = अअअअअअ अअ अअअअअअ Aishwarya’s mobile =अअअअअअअअ अअ अअअअअअ If the object is Feminine then “चच” is used. Amitabh’s daughter = अअअअअअ अअ अअअअअ Abhishek’s car = अअअअअअ अअ अअअअ Aishwarya’s cat =अअअअअअअअ अअ अअअअ If the object is Neuter or Plural then “अअ” is used. Amitabh’s friends = अअअअअअ अअ अअअअअ Abhishek’s book = अअअअअअ अअ अअअअअअ Aishwarya’s dogs =अअअअअअअअ अअ अअअअअअ

You and your family in Marathi

Is and Was. Be verbs in Marathi Marathi equivalent of am/is/are is “ससस” . It looks very similar to ” सस” in Hindi. and The Marathi equivalent of was -were is सससस / सससस. सससस is used when you are describing a Masculine object and “सससस” while describing a feminine object. This has 1:1 correspondence with सस / सस of Hindi.

Telling who “WE” are in Marathi

The accompanying verb has to modify itself for plural pronouns. Lets see this with examples. ” ससस ” is a “Be” verb in Marathi.It is like “is” and ” am” of English. More can be read here : Be verbs in Marathi. Simple it is, but a slight modification is there when you will use “ससस” for plural form of pronouns. In English, we would say, We are Indian,You are Indian and They are Indian. The grammar rule tells us to use “are” for all plural form of pronouns. However the Marathi be verb “ससस” takes a suffix behind depending on the person you are describing.

“ससससस सससस ” and ” सससससस सससस “.

Our-Your-Their

Telling your “Daily Routine” in Marathi

Welcome to the very first class on ” Introduction to Marathi verbs”. Let’s learn Marathi verbs in present tense first.

Verbs show action. They show what main actor of your sentence is doing or what is happening around him.

” Ajay eats snakes”.

The main actor (noun) of this sentence is doing the action of “eating”.

The root verb here is ” To eat”. The root form is called infinitive form.

In English the infinitive of a verb is always ‘to ___’, i.e to read, to speak, to walk etc. No matter which tense you are talking in,the infinitive form remains same. It is the main identity of the verb.This form takes a different suffix in different tenses. Like in present tense ,to eat is used as “eat” , in past tense it becomes “ate” and in continuous tense it becomes “eat-ing”. Marathi is no different.The infinitive form of verb ends with “सस”. For example : सस-सस (to wake ) , सस-सस(to eat) etc. Very similar to Hindi सस-सस or सस-सस.

This infinitive form of the verb will take different suffixes in different tenses. In present tense, you say ” सस सस-सस ( I wake up) or “सस सस-सस” (I eat) . The use of suffix ” सस-सस-सस depends upon the gender of actor of your sentence. e.g. ” सससस सस-सस ” & ” सससस सस-सस”.

Lets study only those Marathi verbs first which can be used in your day-to-day life.

Telling ” What you are doing now ” in Marathi

What do you do when you convert a sentence in simple present tense in English into a present continuous tense ?

If the sentence is ” Ajay verb snakes ” . To make it into present continuous, you use a ” be verb ” and put -ing behind the verb.

If the initial format is ” Ajay + verb + snakes ” it becomes ” Ajay + be verb + verb-ing + snakes.

If the sentence is ” Ajay+eats+ snakes” it becomes ” Ajay + is + eat-ing + snakes. Marathi is much more easier .You don’t have to add anything weird like -ing behind your verb. The verb remains neat and clean and it stays in the same form as it was there in the simple present tense. You only have to add the Marathi “be verb” behind the main verb. I shouldn’t find any need to tell you which Marathi “beverb” is used in present tense. If you have forgotten, then there is no point in going ahead . Revise this chapter :” Be verbs in Marathi” before you move any further.

As shown in the picture, “सससस” becomes “सससस ससस”. similarly सससस becomes सससस ससस.

Lets read the following sentences to get the more clear picture.

Transitivity of Marathi verbs Before you move to the past tense , you must know the concept of ” transitivity of verbs “. English lack it but Hindi has it. If you speak Hindi regularly, knowingly or unknowingly you are using it. Lets master this concept through examples : Consider the following 2 sentences 1) I ran 2) I ate Now ask a question ” WHAT ” to the above sentences 1) A :I ran. B : What ?

It is meaningless. There is no answer for this stupid question. In this case, the verb ” RUN ” is called an intransitive verb. Now see the 2nd sentence 2)A :I ate. B : What ? A :A Pizza There is an answer. So, the verb “eat” is Transitive. A :I saw.

A: I wrote

B :What ?

B: What ?

A :A Cow

A : Numbers

A : I made B : What ? A : A tatto

A : I took B: What ? A : A Pen

All the verbs above are transitive. Now the question is, what is so great being a transitive verb ? Why do I have to bother about them? The answer is, in past tense, transitive verbs have to listen to the objects present in the sentence. Carefully read the following sentences In present tense: Ajay says, ” सस सससस (wake-up) “. Rani says, ” सस सससस.”. “To wake” is an intransitive verb since asking “WHAT” to above sentences is meaningless. Let’s see how these sentences look in Past tense: Ajay says, “सस सस-सस.” ( I woke-up) Rani says, “सस सस-सस”. (I woke-up) For all intransitive verbs : -सस becomes -सस and -सस becomes -सस in past tense.

सस सससस-सस (I stop) -> सस सससस-सस (I stopped) and सस सससस-सस -> सस सससस-सस सस ससस-सस (I run) -> सस ससस-सस (I ran) and सस ससस-सस -> सस ससस-सस सस ससस-सस (I walk) -> सस ससस-सस (I walked) and सस ससस-सस -> सस ससस-सस Now let’s repeat everything for a transitive verbs In present tense: Ajay says, ” सस सस-सस” (eat) . Rani says, ” सस सस-सस.”. If we go by the above rules then these sentences will look like : Ajay says, “सस सस-सस.” Rani says, “सस सस-सस”. This is wrong Marathi.People will laugh and tell you to visit mindurmarathi.com regularly. Unlike intransitive verbs, transitive verbs obey to the object and not the subject. ” Ajay eats snakes” Transitive verbs will obey to the object : Snake ,not the Subject : Ajay. If the gender of the object is masculine , then verb takes the suffix -सस , if feminine then suffix-सस and if plural then it takes suffix -सस सस ससससस सस-सससस ( I ate Samosa ) सस ससस-सससस सस-सससस ( I ate Pao-bhaji) सस ससससस सस-सससस. ( I ate many Samosa)

Past tense in Marathi (Intransitive verbs)

Past tense in Marathi is not very different from what it is there in Hindi or English. Normally, in English we put suffix –ed to the verb to show that action has already been done and you no longer bother about it. The simple past form of : To talk is Talk-ed To walk is Walk-ed To soak is Soak-ed

and

To Poke is Pok-ed. Marathi is no different. You put –सस/सस behind the verb in present tense.Now you have to attach suffix – सस/सस behind the root form of the Marathi verb to make it work in the past tense. This suffix as usual depends upon the gender you are referring.

A boy would say First person :

verb-सस/सस

सस verb-सस

Second person : सस verb-ससस Third person

: सस verb-सस

A girl would say

verb-सस ( in all the cases)

All these above rules apply for intransitive verbs. Visit the lesson “the theory of transitivity” to know what are transitive and intransitive verbs. Enough with the theory lets learn a few more verbs and their past tense form.

Past tense in Marathi ( Transitive verbs)

We know the difference between transitive and intransitive verbs. This was covered in the chapter ” Theory of transitivity“. Previous chapter we dealt with the intransitive verbs:those verbs which do not consider the presence of an object in a sentence. Now lets study some transitive verbs and their use in the Past tense. Transitive verbs listen to the object in a sentence; not to the subject. Lets see this with an example. Ramesh ate a Samosa = सससससस ससससस सस-सससस. (ramesh-ne samosa kha-lla) Ramesh ate an Idli = सससससस सससस सस-सससस. (ramesh ne idli kha-lli) Rani ate a Samosa = सससस सस ससससस सस-सससस. (raani ne samosa kha-lla) Rani ate an Idli = सससस सस सससस सस-सससस. (raani ne idli kha-lli) The verb सस-सस is listening to the objects in the sentences. It is independent whether Ramesh is eating or Rani is eating. It is rather dependent on what you are eating. If you are eating an Masculine object, the it takes the suffix -सस and if feminine then it takes the suffix -सस. For neuter or plural suffix -सस is used. Now lets study some commonly used transitive verbs and their usage in the past tense.

Past tense III Lets learn a few more rules related to transitive verbs in Past tense Pronouns or nouns remain in their original form when you use for intransitive verbs in the past tense. I ran = सस ससस-सस/सस (mee dhav-lo/li) You ran = सस ससससस-सस(tu dhavla-li) He ran = सस ससससस(to dhavla) She ran = सस ससससस(ti dhavli) They ran = सस ससससस(te dhavle) But the scene is entirely different for transitive verbs. Lets take our favorite transitive verb: To eat I ate a Samosa = सस ससससस सससससस.(mee samosa khalla) You ate a Samosa= सस ससससस सससससस.(tu samosa khalla) He ate a Samosa= सससससस ससससस सससससस.(tyane samosa khalla) She ate a Samosa= सससस ससससस सससससस.(tine samosa khalla) They ate a Samosa = ससससससस ससससस सससससस.(tyanni samosa khalla) Ramesh ate a Samosa = सससससस ससससस सससससस.(rameshne samosa khalla) Priya ate a Samosa = सससससससस ससससस सससससस.(priyane samosa khalla)

It is more or less like “सससस ससससस सससस ” and not like ” सस ससससस सससस”. This rule is only applicable for third person pronouns.

Future tense in Marathi

Telling “What you were doing in Marathi”

Yes/No questions Asking Yes/No questions in Marathi is very simple. All you have to do is to put ” सस ?” behind the sentence .

Answer of these questions will be either सस (Yes) or सससस (No).

What

Where

Why

“Who are You ?” in Marathi

How much /many

PART-2 GRAMMAR

Marathi Pronouns – I

Marathi Pronouns –II

Singular

Object pronouns There are two types of pronouns. Subject pronouns and Object pronouns. Let’s see this with an example. “Ajay kills snakes. Ajay eats snakes. Ajay cooks snakes.”

All above sentences have only one subject: Ajay. The subject is main actor of the sentence. He is the one who do all the action. The above sentences have one object: Snake. Snake doesn’t do anything. It only receives action from Ajay. The role of an object is to receive actions from the subject. Now, as we know, pronoun is a word that substitutes for a noun in a sentence. Lets read above sentences by substituting pronouns in place of nouns. “Ajay kill snakes. He eats them. He cooks them.” Ajay being a subject noun got replaced with a subject pronoun : He. Snake being an object noun got replaced with an object pronoun : Them.(Not they) Me,you,him,her,it,them,us are all object pronouns in English. In Marathi also, object form of a pronoun look different from its subject form. “सस” doesn’t stay “सस”. It becomes “ससस”. All marathi pronouns in their object form look same like what they are in subject form except they all get a suffix “सस” behind them.

Tenses – I

Tenses II

Present continuous tense

Questions ?

Pre/Post positions

Adjectives in Marathi Adjectives are those words which describe nouns. You are familiar with English adjectives : small, big , tall , short etc. There is a slight difference between English adjectives and Marathi adjectives. English adjectives do not modify themselves for the noun they describe. For example, 1)Big girl, Big girls. 2)Big boy, Big boys. The adjective “Big” stays unchanged with the gender as well as the multiplicity of the noun. In Marathi, this rule is slightly different. There are two types of adjectives in Marathi. Inflecting adjectives and non-inflecting adjectives. Let us go through each one of them in detail.

Inflecting adjectives. Inflecting adjectives change itself to agree with the noun that follows it. Consider following sentences.

Non-inflecting adjectives. These adjectives don’t care about the gender or multiplicity of the noun. They stay as it is; just like English adjectives. See following sentences :

Conjunctions & Fillers

Cases in Marathi In grammar, case relates noun or pronoun to the verb present in a sentence. In order to do that, noun or pronoun is distorted/inflected to match with the action of the verb.

for example

1.

ससस ससससस. (Ram kills)

2.

सससससस ससससस. (Ram killed)

3.

सससससस ससससससस ससससस. (Ram killed Ravana)

4.

सससससस ससससससस सससससस ससससस.(Ram killed Ravana by an arrow)

The highlighted letters are called case endings that show how subject or object is altered to relate itself to the action. Indian languages including Hindi have ways of altering subjects or objects to mark roles which are not there in English. If you are a Hindi speaker, knowingly or unknowingly you are using it. Marathi case endings and Hindi case endings look very similar.

There are 8 cases in Marathi

To

From

Answering the question, “Where?” There are two ways this question can be answered. Read the following conversation:

Using ” Can” in Marathi

Till now you have seen that how a sentence in the present tense can be converted in to the past tense by just changing the suffix behind the verb.Entire Marathi is about playing and twisting verbs.In this lesson, we shall see, just by slightly modifying the root form of the verb, how a verb can be made to express different meanings.

Can is an auxiliary verb.Marathi equivalent of can is “सस-सस” similar to “सस-सस” in Hindi. However, when you want to say ” I can do it” in Marathi, you have to do one more task apart from putting “सस-सस/सस/ससस” in the sentence. You have to put the sound of “oooooo” or “स” behind the root form of the verb.

The sentence becomes what it is shown in the picture : सस (root verb) + स सस-सस/सस.

सस (सस) + स सस-सस/सस.

सस ससस सस-सस/सस.

The root verb ” सस” becomes “ससस”, “ससस” becomes “सससस” and “सस” becomes ” ससस”.

Read the following table to quickly learn the use of ” Can” in Marathi

If you want to make a question using “Can”. It is very very simple .All you have to do is to put ” सस” behind the sentence.

Can I do it ? = सस ससस सससस सस ? Can you speak Hindi ? = सस ससससस सससस सससस सस ? Can I sit here ? = सस ससस ससस सससस सस ?

That’s it. This lesson is finished.

Using ” could” in Marathi

Using “May” in Marathi

Using “Don’t in Marathi

Using ” Like ” in Marathi

Using ” have to” in Marathi

Using “Let’s” in Marathi

Using ” Should” in Marathi

I want….in Marathi

I need

I like….

Answering to the question “When?”

Telling “When Your Birthday is” in Marathi……..

Up and Down

Asking for directions in Marathi II

-ColorsConversation :

Adjectives are inflected to match with the gender.

for example: सससस ससससस.(fair Salmaan)

सससस ससससस.(fair Kareena)

Adjectives are further inflected when used to describe a noun with a preposition. for example : सससस सससस (Nile aakash) = blue sky सससससस सससससस.(Nilyaa aakaashat)= In the blue sky

NumeralsYou must know the inflecting and non-inflecting adjectives before moving ahead into this lesson

-Size and Quantities-

-Food and Taste-

-Appearance-

Requests

Orders