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No Part Of This Presentation May Be Reproduced, Copied, Or Transmitted In Any Form Or By Any Means! Prepared By : Pn Norisah bt Mustaffa ( 013-9327266) 12/30/2017

1

Chapter 1

»

»

»

30º 110º

12/30/2017

»

70º

»

30º

110º

110º Prepared By: Norisah Mustaffa Copyright Reserved

2

1.1

PROPERTIES OF ANGLES ASSOCIATED WITH TRANSVERSALS AND PARALLEL LINES.

(a) Identifying Transversals Transversal is a line that intersects two or more parallel lines. A P Q B

AB is a transversal. AB intersects three parallel lines. 12/30/2017

PQ is a transversal. PQ intersects two parallel lines. 3

1.1

PROPERTIES OF ANGLES ASSOCIATED WITH TRANSVERSALS AND PARALLEL LINES.

(b) Transversals A few types of angles are performed when a transversal intersects two parallel lines. A

C

E

AB, CD, and EF are transversals.

F D

B

12/30/2017

4

Types of Angles CORRESPONDING ANGLES

»

125º

»

110º

»



»

»

125º



110º Corresponding angles can be identified by the shape that resembles the capital letter “F”.

Corresponding angles are angles which lie along the same side of the transversal, facing the same direction. 12/30/2017

5

Types of Angles

»

40º

»



30º

30º

»



40º

»

»

»

ALTERNATE ANGLES

Alternate angles can be identified by the shape that resembles the capital letter “Z”.

Alternate angles are angles which lie between two parallel lines on the opposite sides of the transversal. 12/30/2017

6

Types of Angles INTERIOR ANGLES

» »

80º

115º

100º

110º

70º

»

»

65º

» Interior angles can be identified by the shape that resembles the capital letter “U”.

Interior angles are angles which lie between two parallel lines facing one another. 12/30/2017

7

b) The Properties of Angles Associated With Parallel Lines 1. Corresponding angles are equal There are four pairs of corresponding angles (“F”) c

d

g a

e

b

h f

a = b c = d e = f g = h

12/30/2017

8

(b) The Properties of Angles Associated With Parallel Lines 2. Alternate angles are equal There are two pairs of alternate angles (“Z”)

LOOK!!

d

a c

12/30/2017

b

a = b c = d

9

b) The Properties of Angles Associated With Parallel Lines 3. The sum of interior angles is 180º

LOOK!!

There are two pairs of interior angles (“U”)

a b

c

a + b = 180º

d

c + d = 180º 12/30/2017

10

(c) Finding The Value of An Angle In Associated With Parallel Lines 1. Find the value of x + y, y = 60º vertically opposite angle,

G

y0

= 180º - 120º = 60º (interior angle, “U”)

F60º

1200

E

=60º = 180º - 130º = 50º. (the sum of angles on a straight line)

x = 50º corresponding angle, ”F”. 12/30/2017

A

50º 1300

x0 = 50º B C

So, x + y = 50º + 60º = 110º 11

(c) Finding The Value of An Angle In Associated With Parallel Lines 2. Find the value of x, B 42º

A x

0

Solution: Draw a straight line through 0 and parallel to AB and CD. D

68º C

So, x = 360º - 42º - 68º

a and b are 42º and 68º respectively, (alternate angle, “Z”)

= 250º 12/30/2017

12

(c) Finding The Value of An Angle In Associated With Parallel Lines 3. Find the value of x, Solution:

78º

a = 78º b = 45º, (corresponding angle, ”F”).

x 45º

The sum of angles on a straight line is 180º.

12/30/2017

So, x = 180º - 45º - 78º = 57º 13

(d) Identifying Parallel Lines, Based On The Properties Of Angles Associated With Transversals When two straight lines are cut by a transversal, the properties of the angles obtained can assist to identify whether the lines are parallel or not, Example 1: E A 84º

a = 96º F

C

96º

Solution: B a = 180º- 84º= 96º and a also is corresponding to DFG = 96º.

D Hence, Line AB is parallel to line CD.

G 12/30/2017

14

(d) Identifying Parallel Lines, Based On The Properties Of Angles Associated With Transversals Determine whether line PQ is parallel to line RS. Solution:

Example 2: T

P

Q

76º 124º

R

U

S

QTU + SUT =76º + 124º = 200º Therefore, QTU is not interior angle to SUT. Hence, Line PQ is not parallel to line RS.

The sum of angles is not 180º, so the angles are not interior angles and the lines are not parallel to another. 12/30/2017

15

(e) Solving Problems Involving Angles Associated with Transversals Let’s practice!

12/30/2017

16

Question 1 1

Calculate the value of x, in the following diagram. Solution:

»

69º x

b=58º

a=69º » 53º

12/30/2017

a= 69º, (alternate angle, ”Z”). b = 180º - 69º 53º = 58º

So, x = 180º - 58º = 122º 17

Question 2 2

Calculate the value of m, in the following diagram. Solution:

141º

Draw a straight line as shown.

a=39º

107º

a = 180º-141º = 39º (interior angle, ”U”)

b=68º

m

b = 107º- 39º = 68º

So, m = 180º - 68º = 112º (interior angle) 12/30/2017

18

Question 3 3

In the following diagram, what is the value of p? Solution: Draw a straight line through p.

43º a=43ºp b=25º

a = 43º (corresponding angle, ”F”) b = 25º (corresponding angle, “F”)

25º

So, p = 43º + 25º = 68º 12/30/2017

19

Question 4 4

In the below diagram, find the value of m + n. Solution:

a = 52º (alternate angle, ”Z”)

52º

m = 180º - 52º- 55º = 73º (the sum of angle on a straight line is 180º)

n 20º 73º m a=52º

55º105º

n = 180º - 55º - 105º 75º

= 20º

So, m + n = 73º + 20º = 93º 12/30/2017

20

Question 5 5

In the below diagram, find the value of x.

» x

Solution: a = 55º (alternate angle, ”Z”)

a=55º

»

55º

So, x = 180º - 55º = 125º (interior, “U”)

12/30/2017

21

Question 6 6

In the below diagram, find the value of y. Solution:

» y b=112º 136º a=24º 24º

»

Draw a straight line through 136º, parallel to the lines given.

a = 24º (alternate angle, ”Z”) b = 136º - 24º = 112º.

So, y = 180º - 112º = 68º (interior angle, “U”)

12/30/2017

22

Question 7 In the following diagram, find the value of x and y. y=51º

»

Solution: 47º

x=82º 51º

a=47º u

»

7

a = 47º (alternate angle, ”Z”) x = 180º - 47º - 51º = 82º (the sum of angles on a straight line is 180º). y = 51º (alternate angle, “Z”)

So, x = 82º

y = 51º 12/30/2017

23

Question 8 In the following diagram, calculate the value of s + t + u.

» s =106º

t =74º

»

8

u =74º

Solution: 74º

s = 180º - 74º = 106º (interior angle “U”) t = u = 74º (corresponding angle, “F” and alternate angle, “Z”)

So, s + t + u = 106º + 74º + 74º

= 254º 12/30/2017

24

Question 9 9

In the diagram below, the value of x is, 50º

b=80º

»

a=50º

= 180º- 80º - 65º Solution: = 35º a = 50º

80º

35º

b = 80º (vertically opposite angle)

So, x = 180º - 65º - 80º 65º x=35º

»

12/30/2017

= 35º (alternate angle) 25

Question 10 10 In the diagram below, the value of x is, 130º b=50º x

Solution: a = 360º - 250º = 110º b = 180º - 130º

= 50º

a=110º 250º

So, x = 110º - 50º

= 60º (alternate angle) 12/30/2017

26

Question 11 11 Based on the diagram below, the value of p is, Solution:

(3x – 11) + (x + 7) = 180º

3x - 11º

»

3x + x – 11 + 7 = 180º

Corresponding angle, ”F”

3x-11º

4x = 180 + 4 x + 7º

x = 46

»



12/30/2017

x = 184 ÷ 4

So, p = 3x – 11º = 3 x 46º – 11º = 138º - 11º = 127º 27

Question 12 12 Based on the diagram below, calculate the value of x + y.

»

61º

x = 61º (alternate angle) Alternate angle,”Z”y = 61º + 73º

61º = x

»

y

Solution:

61º 73º

= 134º (corresponding Corresponding angle, ”F” angle, “Z” to y)

»

So,

12/30/2017

x+y = 61º + 134º = 195º

28

Question 13 13

In the diagram below, the value of x is, Solution: 6x + 90º + 42º = 180º 42º 6x

42º

6x = 180º - 132º (the sum of angles on a Alternate straight line is 180º)

angle,”Z”

So, 6x = 180º - 132º x = 48º ÷ 6 =8 12/30/2017

29

Question 14 14

In the diagram below, find the value of a, Solution: 50º

2a 3a

50º

2a + 3a + 50º = 180º Corresponding 5a = 180º - 50º (the sum of angles on a angle,”F”

straight line is 180º)

So, 5a = 180º - 50º a = 130º ÷ 5 = 26º 12/30/2017

30

Question 15 In the diagram below, find the value of q,

15

Solution: 130º

q + 130º + 135º = 360º 135º

q

Interior angle,”Z”

q = 360º - 265º (one full turn angle is 360º)

45º

So, q = 360º - 265º q = 95º

12/30/2017

31

Question 16 16

In the diagram below, find the value of y, Solution:

35º

y + 95º + 35º = 180º

35º

95º

Alternate angle,”Z”



y = 180º - 130º (the sum of angles in a triangle is 180º)

So, y = 180º - 130º y = 50º

12/30/2017

32

Question 17 17

In the diagram below, find the value of r,

» 45º 106º rº 29º

Solution: 29º

r = 180º- 106º Interior angle,”Z” = 74º sum of angles on a 180º- 45º(the 29º =106º. straight line is 180º)

Or, r = 45º + 29º r = 74º

12/30/2017

33

Question 18 18

In the diagram below, calculate the value of 3x – 2y. Solution:Alternate

angle,”Z”

yº=63º xº 63º 90º

x = 90º

y = 63º (alternate angle ”Z”) Alternate angle, 90º

So, 3x – 2y = (3 x 90º) – (2 x 63º)

= 270º - 126º = 144º 12/30/2017

34

Question 19 In the diagram below, calculate the value of 19 x + y. Solution:

»



x = 180- 155º = 25º

155º

»

x =25º xº yº Alternate angle,”Z”

12/30/2017

y = 90º + 25º = 115º

180 – 90 - 25º = 65º

So, x + y = 25º + 115º = 140º 35

Question 20 20

In the diagram below, find the value of x. Solution:

»

74º xº 32º

46º

»

74º

= (180º- 32º) ÷ 2 = 74º

So, x = 180º - 46º -74º 74º = alternate angle 12/30/2017

= 60º 36

Short Important Notes • Transversals - a line cuts two or more parallel lines. - PQ is parallel to RS. P R

Q

transversal

• Corresponding Angles - corresponding angles are equal. (Resembles the capital letter “F”) - a = b. P a R b

S Q

transversal

S 12/30/2017

37

Short Important Notes • Alternate Angles - alternate angles are equal. (Resembles the capital letter “Z”) - m = n. P

• Interior Angles - the sum of interior angles is 180º. (Resembles the capital letter “U”) - x + b = 180º

P

R x m Q

n

y transversal

S 12/30/2017

R

Q

transversal

S 38

Thank You

Lines 150º and Angles (II)

12/30/2017

39

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