Transmission Fundamentals_tn_system_desciption.ppt
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Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN System Description Lesson objective: To understand the MINI-LINK TN system and it´s components.
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
1
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN System Overview
Network Element Radio Terminals
External Equipment
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
Basic Node
2
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node
Network Element Radio Terminals
External Equipment
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
Basic Node
3
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node
Basic Node
•Traffic and System control •Traffic Routing •Multiplexing •Protection Mechanisms •Management Functions •Traffic Interfaces (PDH, SDH and Ethernet) •Indoor mechanical housing •Power distribution •Cooling
Traffic Interface
DCN
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
4
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node, Access Module Magazine AMM 20p AMM 20p is suitable for larger size hub site, for example at the intersection between the optical network and the microwave network. •Twenty full-height slots (one NPU 8x2 and up to nineteen other plug-in units) •Two half-height slots (one or two PFU1) •Fan unit, FAU1 •Power supplied by –48 V DC •Height* 300 mm *When fitted in a cabinet with the fan unit, cable tray and some air outlet, the total height is 10 U for a 19’’ cabinet or 450 mm in a metric cabinet.
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
5
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node, Access Module Magazine AMM 6p
AMM 6p is suitable for medium size hub sites. •Six full-height slots (one NPU 8x2 and up to five other plug-in units) •Two half-height slots (one PFU2 and one FAU2) •Power supplied by –48 V DC •Height 133 mm
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
6
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node, Access Module Magazine AMM 2p
AMM 2p is suitable for end site and repeater site applications. •Two full-height slots (one or two MMUs) •Two half-height slots (one NPU2 and the optional LTU 12x2) •Fan unit, FAU4 •Power supplied by –48 V DC or +24 V DC •Height 44 mm
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
7
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node, Power Filter Unit
• Power filtering unit • DC/DC converter, filter functions, short circuit protection and under voltage protection. • -48VDC as supply voltage • PFU 1: Power filtering for the AMM 20p. Two PFU1 may be used for redundancy. • PFU2: Power filtering for the AMM 6p.
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
8
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node, Node Processor Unit
• Mandatory plug-in card for the Traffic Node • Traffic handling • System control and supervision • DCN handling • SNMP Master Agent • 10BASE-T Ethernet interface for connection to a site LAN • Storage and administration of inventory and configuration data
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
9
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node, Node Processor Unit (NPU2) AMM 2p
Pos 01
Pos 03
Pos 00
Pos 02
•Fits in an AMM 2p •4xE1 for traffic connections •Filters the external power and distributes the internal power •USB interface for LCT connection •The Ethernet interface can be used for the Ethernet bridge application providing 10/100BASE-T(X)
Common Rules and Recommendations •The NPU2 must be fitted in position 01
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
10
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node, Node Processor Unit (NPU8x2) Traffic connections
NPU8x2
User In/Out
Ethernet Interface
•Fits in an AMM 6p and AMM 20p •8xE1 for traffic connections •The Ethernet interface is used for LCT connection •Three User Input ports •Three User Output ports
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
11
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN
E1 Bus in back-plane of AMM.
Basic Node, TDM Multiplexer/Demultiplexer
NPU 8x2
3A 3B 3C 3D
E1 3A –3D
2A 2B 2C 2D
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
E1 2A –2D
12
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node, Node Processor Unit (NPU8x2) Slot 07 Slot 06 Slot 05 Slot 04 Slot 03 Slot 02 Slot 00 Slot 01
Common Rules and Recommendations: AMM 6p •The NPU8x2 must be fitted in position 07
AMM 20p •The NPU8x2 must be fitted in position 11 Slot:
02
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
11
21 13
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node, Line Termination Unit
The following LTUs with E1 interfaces are available: •LTU 12x2
has three additional E1 ports with a total of 12xE1. Fits in an AMM 2p
•LTU 16x2
has four additional E1 ports with a total of 16xE1. Fits in an AMM 6p and AMM 20p
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
14
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN
E1 Bus in back-plane of AMM.
Basic Node, TDM Multiplexer/Demultiplexer LTU 16x2
4A 4B 4C 4D
E1 4A –4D
3A 3B 3C 3D
E1 3A –3D
2A 2B 2C 2D
E1 2A –2D
1A 1B 1C 1D
E1 1A –1D
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
15
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node, Line Termination Unit (LTU 155)
The LTU 155 terminates one STM-1 connection with 63xE1 in the backplane for traffic routing to other plug-in units. There are two versions of the LTU 155: •LTU 155e/o
Provides one optical interface (short haul S-1.1) and one electrical interface (G.703)
•LTU 155e
Provides one electrical interface (G.703)
The LTU 155 fits in an AMM 6p and AMM 20p
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
16
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN
E1 Bus in back-plane of AMM.
Denomination of tributaries, LTU 155 1.1.1 1.1.2 1.1.3 1.2.1 1.2.2 1.2.3 1.3.1 1.3.2 1.3.3 1.4.1 1.4.2 1.4.3 1.5.1 1.5.2 1.5.3 1.6.1 1.6.2 1.6.3 1.7.1 1.7.2 1.7.3
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.3.1 2.3.2 2.3.3 2.4.1 2.4.2 2.4.3 2.5.1 2.5.2 2.5.3 2.6.1 2.6.2 2.6.3 2.7.1 2.7.2 2.7.3
LTU 155
3.1.1 3.1.2 3.1.3 3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3 3.3.1 3.3.2 3.3.3 3.4.1 3.4.2 3.4.3 3.5.1 3.5.2 3.5.3 3.6.1 3.6.2 3.6.3 3.7.1 3.7.2 3.7.3
RX
STM-1 TX
17
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node, Line Termination Unit (LTU 155) Synchronization
The LTU 155 can be configured to run both local oscillator and loop timing. One of the termination points in the STM-1 link is configured as master and is set up to provide synch from local oscillator. The synch information is transported in the Tx part of STM-1 link to the terminating end. The terminating end is configured to loop timing and reuses the incoming sync on to the outgoing link (Tx).
SDH network
Loop timing
Loop timing
Local oscillator
Loop timing
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
18
Local oscillator
Loop timing
Local oscillator
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN
Network Element
Radio Terminal
Radio Terminals
External Equipment
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
Basic Node
19
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal Radio Unit
Antenna Unit
•Microwave transmission from 2x2 to 32x2 Mbit/s •7 to 38 GHz frequency bands •C-QPSK and 16 QAM modulation •Unprotected (1+0) or protected (1+1) Radio cable
Modem Unit
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
20
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal Unprotected 1+0
Protected 1+1 Hot or Working standby
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
21
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Modem Unit Network Element Radio Terminals
The MMUs are available with fixed or agile traffic capacity and modulation. There are four types of MMUs available, three of them as plug-in units and one as a stand-alone unit. Plug-in units •MMU2 •MMU2B •MMU2C
Basic Node
Stand-alone •Microwave Edge Node
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
22
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Modem Unit
• Interface to the radio • One MMU per Radio • Modulates the digital traffic into analogue radio-modulation • Sets the traffic capacity and frequency bandwidth.
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
23
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Modem Unit MMU2
Modulation: C-QPSK Traffic capacity: 2x2, 4x2, 8x2, 17x2 Protected terminal: 2 x MMU2 and 1 x SMU2
MMU2B Modulation: C-QPSK Traffic capacity: 2x2, 4x2, 8x2, 17x2 Protected terminal: 2 x MMU2B (No SMU2 is needed). MMU2C Modulation: Traffic capacity:
C-QPSK, 16QAM C-QPSK: 4x2, 8x2, 17x2 16QAM: 8x2, 17x2, 32x2 Protected terminal: 2 x MMU2C (No SMU2 is needed).
Microwave Edge Node
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
Modulation: C-QPSK Traffic capacity: 2x2, 4x2, 8x2, 16x2 Single-board solution for unprotected configurations. (19”)
24
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN
RAU1 RAU1 N
Radio Terminal, Radio Unit •C-QPSK RAU, supports 2x2 to 34+2 Mbit/s capacity using C-QPSK modulation in a range from 7 to 38 GHz. •16 QAM RAU, supports 2x2 to 34+2 Mbit/s capacity using 16 QAM or C-QPSK. The letter M in the end of the product name (RAU2 M) indicates radio units capable of both 16 QAM and C-QPSK. •Agile radio unit, supports 2x2 up to 155 Mbit/s using C-QPSK, 16 QAM or 128 QAM modulations in a range from 7 to 38 GHz. The letter N in the end of the product name (RAU2 N) indicates agile radios. Please refer to the MINI-LINK E, TN and HC Product Catalog for available frequency bands of respectively radio type 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
25
RAU1 Dimensions HxWxD: 411x326x144mm Weight: 7kg
RAU2 RAU2 M RAU2 N RAU2 Dimensions HxWxD: 321x260x97mm Weight: 4.5kg MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Power Green LED
RAU1
Radio Alarm Red LED Radio Cable Connection N-type connector
RAU2
Earthing Connection Alignment port Twinnax connector (0.5-2.5VDC) 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
26
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Freq. band
Freq.range [GHz]
Sub-band cov [MHz]
MINI-LINK 7-E MINI-LINK 8-E MINI-LINK 13-E MINI-LINK 15-E MINI-LINK 18-E MINI-LINK 23-E MINI-LINK 26-E MINI-LINK 28-E MINI-LINK 38-E
7.1-7.7 7.7-8.5 12.7-13.25 14.4-15.35 17.7-19.7 21.2-23.6 24.8-26.5 27.5-29.5 37.0-39.5
60 (140) 42/89 (84-148) 80 110 300 560 450 430 280
Sub band A Low Lower band end
Sub band C Low
Sub band B Low
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
Sub-band pair
Sub band A High
Sub band D Low
27
Upper Sub band C High band end
Sub band B High
Sub band D High
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Sub-band and Frequency Duplex, 23GHz Radio Unit Lowest/Highest TX centre frequency (MHz) 0.25 MHz step
Sub-band Duplex ”CD”
(MHz)
2x2 Mbps
8 Mbps
2x8 Mbps
34+2 Mbps
12 14
1050 1050
21952.00 / 22496.25
21953.75 / 22494.50
21957.25 / 22491.00
21964.25 / 22484.00
22 24
1232 1232
23002.00 / 23546.25 21785.75 / 22344.00
23003.75 / 23544.50 21787.50 / 22432.25
23007.25 / 23541.00 21791.00 / 22338.75
23014.25 / 23534.00 21798.00 / 22331.75
23017.75 / 23576.00
23019.50 / 23574.25
23023.00 / 23570.75
23030.00 / 23563.75
21.2 GHz
Highband 23/14
Lowband 23/12
23.6 GHz
Duplex: 1050 MHz 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
28
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Sub-band Pair
TX
21952.00 MHz
RX 23/14
23/12 RX
21.2 GHz
23002.00 MHz
TX
Highband 23/14
Lowband 23/12
23.6 GHz
Duplex: 1050 MHz 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
29
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
Modulation Techniques, examples C-QPSK (4QAM) MINI-LINK E, BAS
16QAM MINI-LINK E, HC
128QAM MINI-LINK HC
4 symbols 2 bits/symbol
16 symbols 4 bits/symbol
128 symbols 7 bits/symbol
Each symbol is represented by a combination of carrier phase and amplitude. Low modulation order: + long hops, good resistance to disturbances + fairly uncomplicated technique High modulation order: + high traffic capacity per bandwidth/channel spacing The modulation type is set by the Modem Unit 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
30
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Channel spacing (MHz)
3.5
7
C-QPSK
2x2
4x2, 8
16 QAM
-
8x2, 2x8
Modulation
14
28
8x2, 2x8 17x2, 34+2 17x2, 34+2
32x2
Center frequency 14MHz
28MHz
C-QPSK 7MHz
14MHz
16 QAM
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
31
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Antenna Units
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
Ø
=0
.6m
Ø
0.2m 0.3m 0.6m 1.2m 1.8m 2.4m 3.0m 3.7m
Ø = 0.2m
=0 . 3m
MINI-LINK Point to point antennas are directional parabolic antennas which are available in the following diameters:
32
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Antenna Units 0.3m antenna
Main lobe
A smaller antenna gives: + Less windload, + Less visibility, + Lower cost for antenna and installation
0.6m antenna
Main lobe
A larger antenna gives: + Higher gain (longer hop, improved performance) Lower frequency Larger antenna
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
33
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN
Gain table [dBi]
Radio Terminal, Radio Unit
7/8
Antenna Units Note Diagram not to be used for calculations!
Gain [dBi]
13
15
18
23 31.8
0.2 m
26
28
38
34.6 36.6
32.1 34.4 36.2 37.3 38.3 40.2
0.3 m
0.6 m 31.0 36.0 36.6 39.2 40.0 41.5 42.4 44.3 1.2 m 37.0 41.8 42.7 44.6 46.0 47.1 48.0 1.8 m 40.0 45.3 46.4 48.5 49.5
1.8m
50
2.4 m 42.9
1.2m
3.7m 3.0m 2.4m
3.0 m 44.8 3.7 m 47.3
0.6m 0.3m 0.2m
40
30 7/8 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
1315 18
23 2628 34
38
Frequency [GHz] MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Antenna Units, Half Power Beamwidth (-3 dB) Typical values
-3 dB 0 dB -3 dB
Lobewidth degrees Antenna Units Antenna Ø 0.6m: Half Power Beamwidth (-3 dB) Typical values 7/8GHz 4.3 degrees Antenna Ø 0.3m: 13GHz 2.8 degrees 15GHz 4.2 degrees 15GHz 2.5 degrees 18GHz 3.3 degrees 18GHz 2.0 degrees 23GHz 2.7 degrees 23GHz 1.7 degrees 26GHz 2.5 degrees 26GHz 1.5 degrees 28GHz 2.2 degrees 28GHz 1.3 degrees 38GHz 1.8 degrees 38GHz 1.0 degrees 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
35
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Antenna Units, Radiation Pattern Envelope, RPE classes
Main loob
Standard antenna
Side loobs (radiation in unwanted directions)
High Performance antenna (HP) Main loob
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
36
Reduced side loobs to reduce the risk of interference between close by paths.
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Antenna Units, polarisation V (Default)
H
Different polarizations are used to reduce interference between neighboring paths that are using the same or adjacent frequencies 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
37
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Antenna Units, polarisation
V (Default)
H
Horizontal pol.
V
Vertical pol.
H
V
The polarization is set by turning the Antenna Feeder
H 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
38
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Antenna Units, mounting 1.2m Compact
0.3m Compact
MINI-LINK antennas are designed to: • Operate at a wind speed of 50m/s • Survive a wind speed of 70m/s • The highest ETSI RPI Classes RPI = Radiation pattern envelope 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
39
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Antenna Units, mounting 1+0 Separate mounting Antennas 2.4, 3.0 and 3.7m
Integrated mounting Antennas 1.8m
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
40
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Antenna Units, mounting 1+1
Integrated power splitter
Separate mounting Integrated mounting
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
41
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Outdoor Accessories, power splitter • Symmetrical for 1+1 working stb. • Asymmetrical for 1+1 hot stb.
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
42
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Outdoor Accessories, power splitter
Asymmetrical for 1+1 hot stb. Radio 1 Radio 2
Approx. 1dB loss
Approx. 7dB loss
Symmetrical for 1+1 working stb. Radio 1 Radio 2
Approx. 3dB loss
Approx. 3dB loss
Note: Waveguide losses must be added. 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
43
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Radio Cable The Radio cable is a single coaxial cable available in three different types: ø10mm standard cable, max length 200m ø16mm, max length 400m ø28mm, max length 700m Cable length
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
44
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Radio Cable
60 V DC power to radio IF: 350 Mhz uplink, 140 MHz downlink Radio Communication Channel (RCC): 6.5 MHz uplink, 4.5 MHz downlink
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
45
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, TDM Multiplexer/Demultiplexer
E1 Bus in back-plane of AMM.
MMU2 2x2 1.1 1.2
BB1 BB2
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4
MMU2 8 (E2:1)
BB1
MMU2 2x8
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4
(E2:1)
BB1
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4
(E2:2)
BB2
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
46
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN
E1 Bus in back-plane of AMM.
Radio Terminal, TDM Multiplexer/Demultiplexer MMU2 34+2
1.1.1 1.1.2 1.1.3 1.1.4
(E2:1)
1.2.1 1.2.2 1.2.3 1.2.4
(E2:2)
1.3.1 1.3.2 1.3.3 1.3.4
(E2:3)
1.4.1 1.4.2 1.4.3 1.4.4
(E2:4)
2
(E1:17)
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
(E3:1)
47
BB1
BB2
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN System Architecture
Network Element Plug-in unit
TDM Bus (Time Division Multiplexing) •Traffic Routing between the plug-in units • Routing of the DCN channels •Used for O&M data transport
BPI
Plug-in unit TDM
PCI SPI
Power Backplane Power Filter Unit
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
48
Node Processor Unit
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN System Architecture
Network Element Plug-in unit
PCI Bus The Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus is a high bandwidth multiplexed address/data bus used for control and supervision. Its main use is for communication between the NPU software and the other plug-in units’ software and functional blocks.
BPI
Plug-in unit TDM
PCI SPI
Power Backplane Power Filter Unit
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
49
Node Processor Unit
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN System Architecture
Network Element Plug-in unit
SPI Bus The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus is a low speed synchronous serial interface bus used for: •Unit status control and LED indication •Board Removal (BR) button used for unit replacement •Inventory data •Temperature and power supervision •User I/O communication •Reset of control and traffic logic
Plug-in unit TDM
PCI SPI
Power Backplane Power Filter Unit
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
BPI
50
Node Processor Unit
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN System Architecture
Network Element Plug-in unit
Power bus The external power supply is connected to a PFU (or NPU2 for AMM 2p). The internal power supply is distributed via the Power bus to the other plug-in units. When using two PFUs in an AMM, the bus is redundant.
BPI
Plug-in unit TDM
PCI SPI
Power Backplane Power Filter Unit
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
51
Node Processor Unit
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN System Architecture
Network Element Plug-in unit
BPI Bus The Board Pair Interconnect (BPI) bus is used for communication between two plug-in units in a protected (1+1) configuration.
BPI
Plug-in unit TDM
PCI SPI
Power Backplane Power Filter Unit
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
52
Node Processor Unit
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Traffic Routing
Network Element Plug-in Unit nxE1
Plug-in Unit nxE1
Plug-in Unit nxE1
•Cross connection at 2Mbit/s level TDM Bus
•The bus has a switching capacity of 840 Mbit/s
400xE1
•Software-controlled from management system
Backplane nxE1 Plug-in Unit
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
53
nxE1 Plug-in Unit
nxE1 Plug-in Unit
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Protection Mechanisms Network layer protection Physical link layer protection Equipment protection
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
54
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Protection Mechanisms
Conventional Microwave Systems
Non-protected configuration
D
A
B
C
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
D
A
B
C
55
MINI-LINK TN
D
A
B
C
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Protection Mechanisms
Ring
Star
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
Tree
56
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN
Site A - C
Site A - D
Ring Protection 1+1 E1 SNCP group
1+1 E1 SNCP group
A
Ring
B
C
D
1+1 E1 SNCP group
1+1 E1 SNCP group
Site D - A
Site C - A 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
E
57
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, 1+1 protection 1+1 Radio Terminal configuration •MMU2 2xRAU 2xMMU2 1xSMU2 •MMU2B / MMU2C 2xRAU 2xMMU2C
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
58
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Switch Multiplexer Unit (SMU2)
An SMU2 can be fitted in an AMM 6p or AMM 20p. 1+1 Protection Switching
or to interface MINI-LINK E equipment on the same site. The following interfaces are provided: •1xE3 + 1xE1 •1xE2 or 2xE2 •2xE1 •2xE0 (2x64 kbit/s) used for IP DCN •O&M (V.24) access server
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
59
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, 1+1 protection
Hot standby: Channel A PS
PS
Working standby: Channels A + B Hot Standby: • One radio channel • One active transmitter • Two receivers • One receiver selected as active
Working Standby: • Two radio channels • Two active transmitters • Two receivers • One receiver selected as active • Frequency diversity PS = Power splitter
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
60
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, 1+1 Hot Standby Channel A
Channel A
Hot Standby: • One frequency • One active transmitter • Two receivers • One receiver selected as active With two receiver antennas: • Space diversity
RX
TX 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
61
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, 1+1 Hot Standby
Alarm
Alarm Channel A
Channel A
Tx switching: Hw < 200 ms
Rx switching: Hw < 10 ms Fading = hitless
RX
TX 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
62
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, 1+1 Working Standby Channel A
Channel B
Working Standby: • Two radio channels • Two active transmitters • Two receivers • One receiver selected as active • Frequency diversity
TX 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
63
RX MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, 1+1 Working Standby Channel A
Alarm
Channel B
Rx switching: Hw < 10 ms Fading = hitless
Tx switching: No switching
RX
TX 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
64
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN MSP 1+1 STM-1 electrical or optical
SDH mapping
The STM-1 interface supports Multiplexer Section Protection (MSP 1+1). This SDH protection mechanism provides both link protection and equipment protection.
Passive LTU155e/o
BPI
SDH mapping
MSP 1+1 Switch
Active LTU155e/o
63xE1
Backplane Network Element
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
65
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN MSP 1+1
Its main purpose is to provide maximum protection at the interface between the microwave network and the optical network
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
66
SDH ADM
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN MSP 1+1 Radio path in 1+1 Hot standby
Both radios receive the traffic and forwards it over respectively line interface
Traffic sent over one radio. Tx switching at alarm MINI-LINK HC
MINI-LINK HC 1+1 ELP
Sends the STM-1 over two line interfaces.
MINI-LINK TN
1+1 MSP
MINI-LINK TN
Receives the STM-1 via two line interfaces. Selects which one to use
MSP= Multiplex Section Protection 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
67
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
MINI-LINK TN System Description Lesson objective: To understand the MINI-LINK TN system and it´s components.
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
1
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN System Overview
Network Element Radio Terminals
External Equipment
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
Basic Node
2
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node
Network Element Radio Terminals
External Equipment
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
Basic Node
3
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node
Basic Node
•Traffic and System control •Traffic Routing •Multiplexing •Protection Mechanisms •Management Functions •Traffic Interfaces (PDH, SDH and Ethernet) •Indoor mechanical housing •Power distribution •Cooling
Traffic Interface
DCN
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
4
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node, Access Module Magazine AMM 20p AMM 20p is suitable for larger size hub site, for example at the intersection between the optical network and the microwave network. •Twenty full-height slots (one NPU 8x2 and up to nineteen other plug-in units) •Two half-height slots (one or two PFU1) •Fan unit, FAU1 •Power supplied by –48 V DC •Height* 300 mm *When fitted in a cabinet with the fan unit, cable tray and some air outlet, the total height is 10 U for a 19’’ cabinet or 450 mm in a metric cabinet.
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
5
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node, Access Module Magazine AMM 6p
AMM 6p is suitable for medium size hub sites. •Six full-height slots (one NPU 8x2 and up to five other plug-in units) •Two half-height slots (one PFU2 and one FAU2) •Power supplied by –48 V DC •Height 133 mm
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
6
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node, Access Module Magazine AMM 2p
AMM 2p is suitable for end site and repeater site applications. •Two full-height slots (one or two MMUs) •Two half-height slots (one NPU2 and the optional LTU 12x2) •Fan unit, FAU4 •Power supplied by –48 V DC or +24 V DC •Height 44 mm
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
7
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node, Power Filter Unit
• Power filtering unit • DC/DC converter, filter functions, short circuit protection and under voltage protection. • -48VDC as supply voltage • PFU 1: Power filtering for the AMM 20p. Two PFU1 may be used for redundancy. • PFU2: Power filtering for the AMM 6p.
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
8
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node, Node Processor Unit
• Mandatory plug-in card for the Traffic Node • Traffic handling • System control and supervision • DCN handling • SNMP Master Agent • 10BASE-T Ethernet interface for connection to a site LAN • Storage and administration of inventory and configuration data
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
9
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node, Node Processor Unit (NPU2) AMM 2p
Pos 01
Pos 03
Pos 00
Pos 02
•Fits in an AMM 2p •4xE1 for traffic connections •Filters the external power and distributes the internal power •USB interface for LCT connection •The Ethernet interface can be used for the Ethernet bridge application providing 10/100BASE-T(X)
Common Rules and Recommendations •The NPU2 must be fitted in position 01
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
10
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node, Node Processor Unit (NPU8x2) Traffic connections
NPU8x2
User In/Out
Ethernet Interface
•Fits in an AMM 6p and AMM 20p •8xE1 for traffic connections •The Ethernet interface is used for LCT connection •Three User Input ports •Three User Output ports
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
11
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN
E1 Bus in back-plane of AMM.
Basic Node, TDM Multiplexer/Demultiplexer
NPU 8x2
3A 3B 3C 3D
E1 3A –3D
2A 2B 2C 2D
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
E1 2A –2D
12
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node, Node Processor Unit (NPU8x2) Slot 07 Slot 06 Slot 05 Slot 04 Slot 03 Slot 02 Slot 00 Slot 01
Common Rules and Recommendations: AMM 6p •The NPU8x2 must be fitted in position 07
AMM 20p •The NPU8x2 must be fitted in position 11 Slot:
02
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
11
21 13
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node, Line Termination Unit
The following LTUs with E1 interfaces are available: •LTU 12x2
has three additional E1 ports with a total of 12xE1. Fits in an AMM 2p
•LTU 16x2
has four additional E1 ports with a total of 16xE1. Fits in an AMM 6p and AMM 20p
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
14
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN
E1 Bus in back-plane of AMM.
Basic Node, TDM Multiplexer/Demultiplexer LTU 16x2
4A 4B 4C 4D
E1 4A –4D
3A 3B 3C 3D
E1 3A –3D
2A 2B 2C 2D
E1 2A –2D
1A 1B 1C 1D
E1 1A –1D
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
15
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node, Line Termination Unit (LTU 155)
The LTU 155 terminates one STM-1 connection with 63xE1 in the backplane for traffic routing to other plug-in units. There are two versions of the LTU 155: •LTU 155e/o
Provides one optical interface (short haul S-1.1) and one electrical interface (G.703)
•LTU 155e
Provides one electrical interface (G.703)
The LTU 155 fits in an AMM 6p and AMM 20p
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
16
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN
E1 Bus in back-plane of AMM.
Denomination of tributaries, LTU 155 1.1.1 1.1.2 1.1.3 1.2.1 1.2.2 1.2.3 1.3.1 1.3.2 1.3.3 1.4.1 1.4.2 1.4.3 1.5.1 1.5.2 1.5.3 1.6.1 1.6.2 1.6.3 1.7.1 1.7.2 1.7.3
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.3.1 2.3.2 2.3.3 2.4.1 2.4.2 2.4.3 2.5.1 2.5.2 2.5.3 2.6.1 2.6.2 2.6.3 2.7.1 2.7.2 2.7.3
LTU 155
3.1.1 3.1.2 3.1.3 3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3 3.3.1 3.3.2 3.3.3 3.4.1 3.4.2 3.4.3 3.5.1 3.5.2 3.5.3 3.6.1 3.6.2 3.6.3 3.7.1 3.7.2 3.7.3
RX
STM-1 TX
17
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Basic Node, Line Termination Unit (LTU 155) Synchronization
The LTU 155 can be configured to run both local oscillator and loop timing. One of the termination points in the STM-1 link is configured as master and is set up to provide synch from local oscillator. The synch information is transported in the Tx part of STM-1 link to the terminating end. The terminating end is configured to loop timing and reuses the incoming sync on to the outgoing link (Tx).
SDH network
Loop timing
Loop timing
Local oscillator
Loop timing
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
18
Local oscillator
Loop timing
Local oscillator
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN
Network Element
Radio Terminal
Radio Terminals
External Equipment
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
Basic Node
19
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal Radio Unit
Antenna Unit
•Microwave transmission from 2x2 to 32x2 Mbit/s •7 to 38 GHz frequency bands •C-QPSK and 16 QAM modulation •Unprotected (1+0) or protected (1+1) Radio cable
Modem Unit
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
20
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal Unprotected 1+0
Protected 1+1 Hot or Working standby
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
21
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Modem Unit Network Element Radio Terminals
The MMUs are available with fixed or agile traffic capacity and modulation. There are four types of MMUs available, three of them as plug-in units and one as a stand-alone unit. Plug-in units •MMU2 •MMU2B •MMU2C
Basic Node
Stand-alone •Microwave Edge Node
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
22
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Modem Unit
• Interface to the radio • One MMU per Radio • Modulates the digital traffic into analogue radio-modulation • Sets the traffic capacity and frequency bandwidth.
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
23
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Modem Unit MMU2
Modulation: C-QPSK Traffic capacity: 2x2, 4x2, 8x2, 17x2 Protected terminal: 2 x MMU2 and 1 x SMU2
MMU2B Modulation: C-QPSK Traffic capacity: 2x2, 4x2, 8x2, 17x2 Protected terminal: 2 x MMU2B (No SMU2 is needed). MMU2C Modulation: Traffic capacity:
C-QPSK, 16QAM C-QPSK: 4x2, 8x2, 17x2 16QAM: 8x2, 17x2, 32x2 Protected terminal: 2 x MMU2C (No SMU2 is needed).
Microwave Edge Node
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
Modulation: C-QPSK Traffic capacity: 2x2, 4x2, 8x2, 16x2 Single-board solution for unprotected configurations. (19”)
24
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN
RAU1 RAU1 N
Radio Terminal, Radio Unit •C-QPSK RAU, supports 2x2 to 34+2 Mbit/s capacity using C-QPSK modulation in a range from 7 to 38 GHz. •16 QAM RAU, supports 2x2 to 34+2 Mbit/s capacity using 16 QAM or C-QPSK. The letter M in the end of the product name (RAU2 M) indicates radio units capable of both 16 QAM and C-QPSK. •Agile radio unit, supports 2x2 up to 155 Mbit/s using C-QPSK, 16 QAM or 128 QAM modulations in a range from 7 to 38 GHz. The letter N in the end of the product name (RAU2 N) indicates agile radios. Please refer to the MINI-LINK E, TN and HC Product Catalog for available frequency bands of respectively radio type 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
25
RAU1 Dimensions HxWxD: 411x326x144mm Weight: 7kg
RAU2 RAU2 M RAU2 N RAU2 Dimensions HxWxD: 321x260x97mm Weight: 4.5kg MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Power Green LED
RAU1
Radio Alarm Red LED Radio Cable Connection N-type connector
RAU2
Earthing Connection Alignment port Twinnax connector (0.5-2.5VDC) 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
26
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Freq. band
Freq.range [GHz]
Sub-band cov [MHz]
MINI-LINK 7-E MINI-LINK 8-E MINI-LINK 13-E MINI-LINK 15-E MINI-LINK 18-E MINI-LINK 23-E MINI-LINK 26-E MINI-LINK 28-E MINI-LINK 38-E
7.1-7.7 7.7-8.5 12.7-13.25 14.4-15.35 17.7-19.7 21.2-23.6 24.8-26.5 27.5-29.5 37.0-39.5
60 (140) 42/89 (84-148) 80 110 300 560 450 430 280
Sub band A Low Lower band end
Sub band C Low
Sub band B Low
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
Sub-band pair
Sub band A High
Sub band D Low
27
Upper Sub band C High band end
Sub band B High
Sub band D High
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Sub-band and Frequency Duplex, 23GHz Radio Unit Lowest/Highest TX centre frequency (MHz) 0.25 MHz step
Sub-band Duplex ”CD”
(MHz)
2x2 Mbps
8 Mbps
2x8 Mbps
34+2 Mbps
12 14
1050 1050
21952.00 / 22496.25
21953.75 / 22494.50
21957.25 / 22491.00
21964.25 / 22484.00
22 24
1232 1232
23002.00 / 23546.25 21785.75 / 22344.00
23003.75 / 23544.50 21787.50 / 22432.25
23007.25 / 23541.00 21791.00 / 22338.75
23014.25 / 23534.00 21798.00 / 22331.75
23017.75 / 23576.00
23019.50 / 23574.25
23023.00 / 23570.75
23030.00 / 23563.75
21.2 GHz
Highband 23/14
Lowband 23/12
23.6 GHz
Duplex: 1050 MHz 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
28
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Sub-band Pair
TX
21952.00 MHz
RX 23/14
23/12 RX
21.2 GHz
23002.00 MHz
TX
Highband 23/14
Lowband 23/12
23.6 GHz
Duplex: 1050 MHz 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
29
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
Modulation Techniques, examples C-QPSK (4QAM) MINI-LINK E, BAS
16QAM MINI-LINK E, HC
128QAM MINI-LINK HC
4 symbols 2 bits/symbol
16 symbols 4 bits/symbol
128 symbols 7 bits/symbol
Each symbol is represented by a combination of carrier phase and amplitude. Low modulation order: + long hops, good resistance to disturbances + fairly uncomplicated technique High modulation order: + high traffic capacity per bandwidth/channel spacing The modulation type is set by the Modem Unit 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
30
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Channel spacing (MHz)
3.5
7
C-QPSK
2x2
4x2, 8
16 QAM
-
8x2, 2x8
Modulation
14
28
8x2, 2x8 17x2, 34+2 17x2, 34+2
32x2
Center frequency 14MHz
28MHz
C-QPSK 7MHz
14MHz
16 QAM
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
31
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Antenna Units
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
Ø
=0
.6m
Ø
0.2m 0.3m 0.6m 1.2m 1.8m 2.4m 3.0m 3.7m
Ø = 0.2m
=0 . 3m
MINI-LINK Point to point antennas are directional parabolic antennas which are available in the following diameters:
32
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Antenna Units 0.3m antenna
Main lobe
A smaller antenna gives: + Less windload, + Less visibility, + Lower cost for antenna and installation
0.6m antenna
Main lobe
A larger antenna gives: + Higher gain (longer hop, improved performance) Lower frequency Larger antenna
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
33
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN
Gain table [dBi]
Radio Terminal, Radio Unit
7/8
Antenna Units Note Diagram not to be used for calculations!
Gain [dBi]
13
15
18
23 31.8
0.2 m
26
28
38
34.6 36.6
32.1 34.4 36.2 37.3 38.3 40.2
0.3 m
0.6 m 31.0 36.0 36.6 39.2 40.0 41.5 42.4 44.3 1.2 m 37.0 41.8 42.7 44.6 46.0 47.1 48.0 1.8 m 40.0 45.3 46.4 48.5 49.5
1.8m
50
2.4 m 42.9
1.2m
3.7m 3.0m 2.4m
3.0 m 44.8 3.7 m 47.3
0.6m 0.3m 0.2m
40
30 7/8 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
1315 18
23 2628 34
38
Frequency [GHz] MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Antenna Units, Half Power Beamwidth (-3 dB) Typical values
-3 dB 0 dB -3 dB
Lobewidth degrees Antenna Units Antenna Ø 0.6m: Half Power Beamwidth (-3 dB) Typical values 7/8GHz 4.3 degrees Antenna Ø 0.3m: 13GHz 2.8 degrees 15GHz 4.2 degrees 15GHz 2.5 degrees 18GHz 3.3 degrees 18GHz 2.0 degrees 23GHz 2.7 degrees 23GHz 1.7 degrees 26GHz 2.5 degrees 26GHz 1.5 degrees 28GHz 2.2 degrees 28GHz 1.3 degrees 38GHz 1.8 degrees 38GHz 1.0 degrees 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
35
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Antenna Units, Radiation Pattern Envelope, RPE classes
Main loob
Standard antenna
Side loobs (radiation in unwanted directions)
High Performance antenna (HP) Main loob
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
36
Reduced side loobs to reduce the risk of interference between close by paths.
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Antenna Units, polarisation V (Default)
H
Different polarizations are used to reduce interference between neighboring paths that are using the same or adjacent frequencies 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
37
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Antenna Units, polarisation
V (Default)
H
Horizontal pol.
V
Vertical pol.
H
V
The polarization is set by turning the Antenna Feeder
H 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
38
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Antenna Units, mounting 1.2m Compact
0.3m Compact
MINI-LINK antennas are designed to: • Operate at a wind speed of 50m/s • Survive a wind speed of 70m/s • The highest ETSI RPI Classes RPI = Radiation pattern envelope 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
39
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Antenna Units, mounting 1+0 Separate mounting Antennas 2.4, 3.0 and 3.7m
Integrated mounting Antennas 1.8m
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
40
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Antenna Units, mounting 1+1
Integrated power splitter
Separate mounting Integrated mounting
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
41
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Outdoor Accessories, power splitter • Symmetrical for 1+1 working stb. • Asymmetrical for 1+1 hot stb.
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
42
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Outdoor Accessories, power splitter
Asymmetrical for 1+1 hot stb. Radio 1 Radio 2
Approx. 1dB loss
Approx. 7dB loss
Symmetrical for 1+1 working stb. Radio 1 Radio 2
Approx. 3dB loss
Approx. 3dB loss
Note: Waveguide losses must be added. 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
43
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Radio Cable The Radio cable is a single coaxial cable available in three different types: ø10mm standard cable, max length 200m ø16mm, max length 400m ø28mm, max length 700m Cable length
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
44
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Radio Unit Radio Cable
60 V DC power to radio IF: 350 Mhz uplink, 140 MHz downlink Radio Communication Channel (RCC): 6.5 MHz uplink, 4.5 MHz downlink
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
45
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, TDM Multiplexer/Demultiplexer
E1 Bus in back-plane of AMM.
MMU2 2x2 1.1 1.2
BB1 BB2
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4
MMU2 8 (E2:1)
BB1
MMU2 2x8
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4
(E2:1)
BB1
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4
(E2:2)
BB2
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
46
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN
E1 Bus in back-plane of AMM.
Radio Terminal, TDM Multiplexer/Demultiplexer MMU2 34+2
1.1.1 1.1.2 1.1.3 1.1.4
(E2:1)
1.2.1 1.2.2 1.2.3 1.2.4
(E2:2)
1.3.1 1.3.2 1.3.3 1.3.4
(E2:3)
1.4.1 1.4.2 1.4.3 1.4.4
(E2:4)
2
(E1:17)
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
(E3:1)
47
BB1
BB2
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN System Architecture
Network Element Plug-in unit
TDM Bus (Time Division Multiplexing) •Traffic Routing between the plug-in units • Routing of the DCN channels •Used for O&M data transport
BPI
Plug-in unit TDM
PCI SPI
Power Backplane Power Filter Unit
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
48
Node Processor Unit
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN System Architecture
Network Element Plug-in unit
PCI Bus The Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus is a high bandwidth multiplexed address/data bus used for control and supervision. Its main use is for communication between the NPU software and the other plug-in units’ software and functional blocks.
BPI
Plug-in unit TDM
PCI SPI
Power Backplane Power Filter Unit
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
49
Node Processor Unit
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN System Architecture
Network Element Plug-in unit
SPI Bus The Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) bus is a low speed synchronous serial interface bus used for: •Unit status control and LED indication •Board Removal (BR) button used for unit replacement •Inventory data •Temperature and power supervision •User I/O communication •Reset of control and traffic logic
Plug-in unit TDM
PCI SPI
Power Backplane Power Filter Unit
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
BPI
50
Node Processor Unit
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN System Architecture
Network Element Plug-in unit
Power bus The external power supply is connected to a PFU (or NPU2 for AMM 2p). The internal power supply is distributed via the Power bus to the other plug-in units. When using two PFUs in an AMM, the bus is redundant.
BPI
Plug-in unit TDM
PCI SPI
Power Backplane Power Filter Unit
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
51
Node Processor Unit
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN System Architecture
Network Element Plug-in unit
BPI Bus The Board Pair Interconnect (BPI) bus is used for communication between two plug-in units in a protected (1+1) configuration.
BPI
Plug-in unit TDM
PCI SPI
Power Backplane Power Filter Unit
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
52
Node Processor Unit
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Traffic Routing
Network Element Plug-in Unit nxE1
Plug-in Unit nxE1
Plug-in Unit nxE1
•Cross connection at 2Mbit/s level TDM Bus
•The bus has a switching capacity of 840 Mbit/s
400xE1
•Software-controlled from management system
Backplane nxE1 Plug-in Unit
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
53
nxE1 Plug-in Unit
nxE1 Plug-in Unit
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Protection Mechanisms Network layer protection Physical link layer protection Equipment protection
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
54
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Protection Mechanisms
Conventional Microwave Systems
Non-protected configuration
D
A
B
C
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
D
A
B
C
55
MINI-LINK TN
D
A
B
C
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Protection Mechanisms
Ring
Star
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
Tree
56
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN
Site A - C
Site A - D
Ring Protection 1+1 E1 SNCP group
1+1 E1 SNCP group
A
Ring
B
C
D
1+1 E1 SNCP group
1+1 E1 SNCP group
Site D - A
Site C - A 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
E
57
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, 1+1 protection 1+1 Radio Terminal configuration •MMU2 2xRAU 2xMMU2 1xSMU2 •MMU2B / MMU2C 2xRAU 2xMMU2C
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
58
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, Switch Multiplexer Unit (SMU2)
An SMU2 can be fitted in an AMM 6p or AMM 20p. 1+1 Protection Switching
or to interface MINI-LINK E equipment on the same site. The following interfaces are provided: •1xE3 + 1xE1 •1xE2 or 2xE2 •2xE1 •2xE0 (2x64 kbit/s) used for IP DCN •O&M (V.24) access server
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
59
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, 1+1 protection
Hot standby: Channel A PS
PS
Working standby: Channels A + B Hot Standby: • One radio channel • One active transmitter • Two receivers • One receiver selected as active
Working Standby: • Two radio channels • Two active transmitters • Two receivers • One receiver selected as active • Frequency diversity PS = Power splitter
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
60
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, 1+1 Hot Standby Channel A
Channel A
Hot Standby: • One frequency • One active transmitter • Two receivers • One receiver selected as active With two receiver antennas: • Space diversity
RX
TX 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
61
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, 1+1 Hot Standby
Alarm
Alarm Channel A
Channel A
Tx switching: Hw < 200 ms
Rx switching: Hw < 10 ms Fading = hitless
RX
TX 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
62
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, 1+1 Working Standby Channel A
Channel B
Working Standby: • Two radio channels • Two active transmitters • Two receivers • One receiver selected as active • Frequency diversity
TX 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
63
RX MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN Radio Terminal, 1+1 Working Standby Channel A
Alarm
Channel B
Rx switching: Hw < 10 ms Fading = hitless
Tx switching: No switching
RX
TX 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
64
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN MSP 1+1 STM-1 electrical or optical
SDH mapping
The STM-1 interface supports Multiplexer Section Protection (MSP 1+1). This SDH protection mechanism provides both link protection and equipment protection.
Passive LTU155e/o
BPI
SDH mapping
MSP 1+1 Switch
Active LTU155e/o
63xE1
Backplane Network Element
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
65
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN MSP 1+1
Its main purpose is to provide maximum protection at the interface between the microwave network and the optical network
03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
66
SDH ADM
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
Copyright © 2004 by Ericsson AB.
MINI-LINK TN MSP 1+1 Radio path in 1+1 Hot standby
Both radios receive the traffic and forwards it over respectively line interface
Traffic sent over one radio. Tx switching at alarm MINI-LINK HC
MINI-LINK HC 1+1 ELP
Sends the STM-1 over two line interfaces.
MINI-LINK TN
1+1 MSP
MINI-LINK TN
Receives the STM-1 via two line interfaces. Selects which one to use
MSP= Multiplex Section Protection 03/038 13 – LZU 108 6011 Rev B
67
MINI-LINK TN Operation and Maintenance
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