Cách Paraphrase Các Keywords Trong Writing Task 1

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Cách paraphrase các keywords trong Writing task 1 Để đa dạng từ vựng trong bài viết, bạn có 2 cách:  Sử dụng các từ đồng nghĩa  Sử dụng từ loại khác Hai cách trên là cách phổ biến và dễ sử dụng nhất. Ví dụ “expenditure” là danh từ, bạn có từ đồng nghĩa với nó là “Spending”. Động từ tương ứng với nó là “spend on St”, “pay for ST”, “use for ST”, “expend on ST”, “pour into ST”….Dưới đây là tổng hợp các từ vựng các sĩ tử luyện thi IELTS thường hay gặp phải nhất trong phần task 1, các bạn có thể tham khảo và kéo dài thêm list tổng hợp này. 1. Từ vựng về nhóm tuổi One person:  He is 10 years old. 

He is a 10-year-old.

 He is aged 10. More than one person:  The children in the class are all 10 years old. 

It is a class of 10-year-olds



It is a class 10-year-old children.

 The children in the class are all aged 10. Age groups with more than one person:  The chart shows the hobbies of children (who are) between 10 and 12 years old. 

The chart shows the hobbies of 10- to 12-year-olds



The chart shows the hobbies of 10- to 12-year-old children.



The chart shows the hobbies of children (who are) aged 10 to 12.



The chart shows the hobbies of children who fall into 10 to 12 age group Ngoài ra một số từ khác như:  Children = youngsters = the young = young people 

The number of people in their forties (những người ở độ tuổi 40, tức từ 40 – 49 tuổi)



Teenagers (miêu tả độ tuổi teen, tức từ 11-19 tuổi)



The elderly = elderly people = senior citizens



Adult (người lớn)

2.

Giới tính



Male và female vừa là danh từ đếm được vừa là tính từ, và nó được dùng cho người ở bất cứ độ tuổi nào Eg: The number of males aged under 14 years old was 100 The number of male children aged under 14 years old was 100  Men và women chỉ dùng cho người lớn. Tức khi đề bài nói đối tượng là children hoặc là người dưới 18 tuổi thì không nên dùng từ này để thay thế



Boys và girls chỉ nên được dùng cho trẻ em

3.

Lượng chi tiêu hàng tuần



Average weekly spending



spent on average



average expenditure



weekly spending figures



levels of spending



spent per week



expenditure per week

4.

Từ vựng về tên nước và người nước đó Tên nước

Người ở nước đó

Canada

Canadians

England

The English/ English people

Turkey

The Turkish/ Turkish people

Spain

The Spanish/ Spanish people

The USA

Americans

Germany

Germans

Italy

Italians

Sweden

The Swedish/Swedish people

Mexico

Mexicans

Japan

Japaneses

Ireland

The Irish/ Irish people

Trong phần đề bài, nếu câu hỏi không liệt kê tên nước (e.g. “in three countries”), bạn có hai cách để viết lại trong introduction của mình như sau  “in Britain, France and Germany” 

“in three countries, namely Britain, France and Germany”.

Không quên dùng “the” trước 1 số nước như “the USA”, “the UK” và the “US” Các cấu trúc câu có thể dùng vs tên nước:  The number of elderly people in the USA 

The number of Americans aged 65 and over rose over the period shown.



Canada also sawa rise in the number of elderly people.



However, the figure for Australia

5.

Người dùng Internet



The percentage of people who used the Internet



The percentage of people using the Internet



The percentage of people who had access to the Internet



Internet usage



The percentage of Internet users

The proportion of people using the Internet in the USA was about 20%. The proportion of Internet users in the USA was about 20%. 6.

Tỷ lệ thất nghiệp



The proportion of people who were unemployed



The proportion of people who were jobless



Levels of unemployment



Unemployment rate



The proportion of people without job



Level of joblessness

The number of 16 -to 24-year-olds who were unemployed in England was around 18% in 2000 Level of unemployment in England fell to only 10% in 2002 Unemployment rate in England was higher than the figure for Mexico The proportion of English 16 -to 24-year-olds without job was around 18% in 2000 Level of joblessness in England fell to only 10% in 2002 The proportion of people who were jobless in England fell to only 10% in 2002 7.

Tỷ lệ người nghèo



Poverty rate



Level of poverty



The percentage of people who live in poverty



The percentage of people who live under the poverty line



Poverty level

 Be poor Poverty rate in Vietnam was much higher than that of Canada, at 10% and 2% respectively. The percentage of people who live in poverty in Vietnam was much higher than that of Canada, at 10% and 2% respectively. 10% of Vietnamese people were poor, compared with only 2% of Canadians.

8.

Doanh thu bán hàng



Sales = turnover

Sales of fast food increased over the period shown Turnover from fast food increased over the period shown Fast food earned/obtained/gained just under $6 billion 9.

Hàng năm, hàng tháng, hàng tuần…



Per person = per capita = an average of = average + Noun



Annual = yearly = per year



Per week = weekly = each week = a week

Average yearly spending on landlines dropped by nearly $200 Consumption of pizza dropped to 10 kilograms per person per year The per capita consumption of beef in the US rose from around 60 to a peak of 90 pounds US beef consumption rose from around 60 to a peak of 90 pounds per person The amount of beef consumed by the average American rose from around 60 to a peak of 90 pounds 10.

Chi tiêu



Danh từ: Spending = expenditure

 

Động từ: be spent on = be allocated for = be used for = be expended = be paid out for Danh từ chỉ người: Spender

In 2010, expenditure on mobile phones rose to around $750. In 2010, spending on mobile phones rose to around $750 In 2010, Swedish consumers spent around $750 on mobile phones In 2010, around $750 was allocated for mobile phones by Swedish consumers Swedish people were the largest spenders on mobile phones, with around $750 expended on this Sweden had the highest percentage of expenditure for mobile phones 11. Phương tiện giao thông Các từ và cum từ paraphrase số lượng người dùng xe ô tô, chúng ta sử dụng tương tự với nhiều phương tiện khác như bus, train…  The number of people who use cars 

The number of people driving to work



The number of car commuters



The number of people who commute by car



The number of people who travel by car

 The number of car users Approximately 5 million was the number of bus users in 2010. Around 5 million commuters traveled by bus in 2010 The bus was used by about 5 million people in 2010



Nếu đi bằng xe đạp: The number of people who cycle to work = the number of cycling commuters



Nếu đi bằng tàu hỏa: The number of rail passengers

12.

Sư sản xuất và tiêu thụ



Tiêu thụ 

(Noun) Consumption



(Verb): be used, be consumed, be drunk or be eaten



Sản xuất: 

(Noun): production, manufacture



(Verb): be produced, be made, be manufactured

Với bài viết này, nội dung chính mà bạn cần nhớ đó là:  Luôn luôn cần đa dạng cách paraphrase các từ keywords trong bài viết của mình, tránh tình trạng lặp từ. 

Đa dạng các cấu trúc câu trong bài viết.

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