Vignettes
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THIS CHAPTER HIGHLIGHTS THE SURVEYS AND STUDIES LEADING TO EDUCATIONAL REFORMS AND RENEWD INTEREST IN ISSUES OF QUALITY PERFORMANCE RESULTING FROM QUALITY MONITORING
OUTLINE Introduction 1970 Survey
Phil. Education Elementary Education Secondary Education Current Developments
The education sector is tasked to contribute to the achievement of the national development goals. National Economic and Development Authority. (NEDA) the national planning body in the Philippines. the goal for education is defined in Article XIV section 3 of the 1987 Phil. Constitution.
Introduction All the educational institutions shall include the study of Constitution as part of teach the rights and duties of the curriculum. They the citizenship, strengthen shall inculcate ethical and spiritual values, patriotism, nationalism, foster develop moral character and love of humanity, personal discipline, encourage respect for human rights, appreciation of critical and creative thinking, the roles of the broaden scientific and national heroes in the technological knowledge and historical development promote vocational efficiency. of the country,
Introduction
The roles of education at the regional level reflect those at the national level but are modified to suit local conditions and concerns.
The commission was charged with the responsibility of responsibility of undertaking a thorough study and assessment of philippine education The document was entitled Education for National Development : New Patterns, New Direction
Analyze the systems performance and relevance to national development and goals Ascertain and recommend ways and means of improving its efficiency Identify critical areas in Philippines education that requires more detailed study
The commission noted the strength of the Philippine educational system which flowed from the virtually unanimous high regard in which schooling was held by the people The Philippines has some of the highest enrollment ratios in the world The commission identified the following circumstances which had negative effects for educational development These effects stopped the optimization of the benefits
The objectives prescribed for philippine Education were un achievable The apparent purpose of the system is not to prepare students for the real world but for further education Rapid population increase puts pressure on school facilities and resources
Popular expectation vs. educational standards Facilities vs. enrolment Supply of graduates vs. demand of specific skills Location of facilities vs. regional development needs
Restructuring of the educational ladder 6 years of elementary and 5 years of secondary First 3 years of secondary- core program for
streaming students into academic or tech/voc set Last 2 years – college preparation or terminal training for employment
A nationwide network of comprehensive secondary schools he organized Strong counseling and guidance services be developed and established in all high schools
“ Secondary education was widely believed to be the weak link in the education ladder”
2-2 PLAN FROM 1958-1972 Revised Secondary Education Program (RSEP) in 1973 New Secondary Education Curriculum (NSEC) IN 1989 Enabling act of providing free secondary education in June 1988
Noted increase of about 8% in the participation by SY 1991-1992 Problems of oversized classes and lack of classrooms Clamor of LGUs to establish local high schools
1992 – free txt books on 1-1 basis: raised participation rate to about 10-20% Government thrust on quality education is being sustained Teachers and financing was predicted to be in adequate due to implementation of reforms Low performance of the secondary education sector Job opportunities mis matched with high school graduates.
Final report on the new Elementary Education Curriculum The need for reform in elementary education became imperative when the Results of Survey of Outcomes in Elementary Education (SOUTELE) came out a significant finding for example, clearly showed that the average sixth grader across the nation has mastered only 50% of what he was expected to learn and that the learned subjects were the 3Rs.
To implement the recommendation of SOUTELE Launched by the Bureau of Elementary Education in 1978 Conducted as experimental basis to 125 school divisions involving 1,500 classes Fewer subjects in Grade I-III more time for development of basic skills
The result showed viability of the experimental curriculum in developing the communication skills of children If improved and refined, could produce better results in terms of pupil achievement
THE impact of the aforementioned researches paved the way for the development of a 10-year (1980-1990) Program for Comprehensive Elementary Education Covers the first 4 years of the 10-year development program PROCEED A World Bank assisted project Geared towards the improvement of the elementary education
WILL FOCUS ON: Upgrading the quality of education Increasing pupil participation and survival rates Address disparities between and within regions
A 5 year education project jointly funded by Philippines and Australia through the Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) Initiated in February 1996 and concluded in 2001 Aims to improve basic education in English, Math, Science by upgrading teaching skills
4 COMPONENTS Pre-service teacher education In-service teacher education Teacher resource material Project management and monitoring
TYPES OF HIGH SCHOOLS CURRICULUM-WISE General education program Special curriculum (science, arts,or vocational)
BASIS OF FUNDING Government-supported (3,394 as of 1989) Privately-funded (2,156 as of 1989)
Now known as Alternative Learning System (ALS) A scheme developed by the Bureau of Alternative Learning System To help out-school youth to finish high school
Education sector is the country's biggest employer 87,001 as of SY 1991-1992 Mid-1987- salaries were nationalized Profile: 75% female 100% have a teaching certificate 60% bachelors degree, 40% post graduate
To assist poor but deserving students, the government provides scholarships such as the Selected Ethnic Groups Educational Assistance (SEGEA) and Privileges of Sangguniang Barangay Officials (PSBO) Another milestone in Philippine secondary education was the enabling act providing free secondary education in government school effective June 1988
Transition rate from elementary to secondary is
91.95% Enrolment rate is 65.48% Completion rate is 71.57%
MAJOR REASONS OF DROP OUTS Financial problems
Change at residence illness
Responsibility of the Bureau of Secondary Education The Bureau: Defines the deserved learning competencies for
the different year level Conceptualized the structure of the curriculum Formulate national curricular policies
• These functions are exercised in consultation with
other agencies • Continuously undergoing reforms to ensure its relevance to changing needs and demands • Learners are expected to: ▪ Learn more content ▪ Acquire and attain academic excellence ▪ Capable to cope with new knowledge and technology ▪ They are also encourage to engage in extracurricular activities
Innovative teaching- learning strategies • Communicative approach • Integrated approach • Experimental approach Instructional Materials Government has established Instructional
Materials Corporation for the development, printing and distribution of quality textbooks and other instructional materials
Lack of financial support Lack of qualified test construction
personnel Difficulties in assessing affective learning's
Central/National Office- engaged in policy formulation Regional/Division Offices- implementing bodies Regional/Sub-regional Levels- supervision of schools
Must have obtained a degree in Bachelor of Secondary Education (BSEd) Must have passed the civil service examination for teachers, now known as Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET) In service training is conducted at the national, regional, division and school levels
Classroom observation by principals department heads followed by postconference discussion Presently, there is a trend towards collaborative monitoring and teaching learning Principals are assessed on the basis of their administrative leadership ability Generally it is the division regional office that inspects facilities
LOW SALARIES HEAVY WORKLOADS LARGE CLASSES IN ADEQUATE INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS
OUTLINE Introduction 1970 Survey
Phil. Education Elementary Education Secondary Education Current Developments
The education sector is tasked to contribute to the achievement of the national development goals. National Economic and Development Authority. (NEDA) the national planning body in the Philippines. the goal for education is defined in Article XIV section 3 of the 1987 Phil. Constitution.
Introduction All the educational institutions shall include the study of Constitution as part of teach the rights and duties of the curriculum. They the citizenship, strengthen shall inculcate ethical and spiritual values, patriotism, nationalism, foster develop moral character and love of humanity, personal discipline, encourage respect for human rights, appreciation of critical and creative thinking, the roles of the broaden scientific and national heroes in the technological knowledge and historical development promote vocational efficiency. of the country,
Introduction
The roles of education at the regional level reflect those at the national level but are modified to suit local conditions and concerns.
The commission was charged with the responsibility of responsibility of undertaking a thorough study and assessment of philippine education The document was entitled Education for National Development : New Patterns, New Direction
Analyze the systems performance and relevance to national development and goals Ascertain and recommend ways and means of improving its efficiency Identify critical areas in Philippines education that requires more detailed study
The commission noted the strength of the Philippine educational system which flowed from the virtually unanimous high regard in which schooling was held by the people The Philippines has some of the highest enrollment ratios in the world The commission identified the following circumstances which had negative effects for educational development These effects stopped the optimization of the benefits
The objectives prescribed for philippine Education were un achievable The apparent purpose of the system is not to prepare students for the real world but for further education Rapid population increase puts pressure on school facilities and resources
Popular expectation vs. educational standards Facilities vs. enrolment Supply of graduates vs. demand of specific skills Location of facilities vs. regional development needs
Restructuring of the educational ladder 6 years of elementary and 5 years of secondary First 3 years of secondary- core program for
streaming students into academic or tech/voc set Last 2 years – college preparation or terminal training for employment
A nationwide network of comprehensive secondary schools he organized Strong counseling and guidance services be developed and established in all high schools
“ Secondary education was widely believed to be the weak link in the education ladder”
2-2 PLAN FROM 1958-1972 Revised Secondary Education Program (RSEP) in 1973 New Secondary Education Curriculum (NSEC) IN 1989 Enabling act of providing free secondary education in June 1988
Noted increase of about 8% in the participation by SY 1991-1992 Problems of oversized classes and lack of classrooms Clamor of LGUs to establish local high schools
1992 – free txt books on 1-1 basis: raised participation rate to about 10-20% Government thrust on quality education is being sustained Teachers and financing was predicted to be in adequate due to implementation of reforms Low performance of the secondary education sector Job opportunities mis matched with high school graduates.
Final report on the new Elementary Education Curriculum The need for reform in elementary education became imperative when the Results of Survey of Outcomes in Elementary Education (SOUTELE) came out a significant finding for example, clearly showed that the average sixth grader across the nation has mastered only 50% of what he was expected to learn and that the learned subjects were the 3Rs.
To implement the recommendation of SOUTELE Launched by the Bureau of Elementary Education in 1978 Conducted as experimental basis to 125 school divisions involving 1,500 classes Fewer subjects in Grade I-III more time for development of basic skills
The result showed viability of the experimental curriculum in developing the communication skills of children If improved and refined, could produce better results in terms of pupil achievement
THE impact of the aforementioned researches paved the way for the development of a 10-year (1980-1990) Program for Comprehensive Elementary Education Covers the first 4 years of the 10-year development program PROCEED A World Bank assisted project Geared towards the improvement of the elementary education
WILL FOCUS ON: Upgrading the quality of education Increasing pupil participation and survival rates Address disparities between and within regions
A 5 year education project jointly funded by Philippines and Australia through the Australian Agency for International Development (AusAID) Initiated in February 1996 and concluded in 2001 Aims to improve basic education in English, Math, Science by upgrading teaching skills
4 COMPONENTS Pre-service teacher education In-service teacher education Teacher resource material Project management and monitoring
TYPES OF HIGH SCHOOLS CURRICULUM-WISE General education program Special curriculum (science, arts,or vocational)
BASIS OF FUNDING Government-supported (3,394 as of 1989) Privately-funded (2,156 as of 1989)
Now known as Alternative Learning System (ALS) A scheme developed by the Bureau of Alternative Learning System To help out-school youth to finish high school
Education sector is the country's biggest employer 87,001 as of SY 1991-1992 Mid-1987- salaries were nationalized Profile: 75% female 100% have a teaching certificate 60% bachelors degree, 40% post graduate
To assist poor but deserving students, the government provides scholarships such as the Selected Ethnic Groups Educational Assistance (SEGEA) and Privileges of Sangguniang Barangay Officials (PSBO) Another milestone in Philippine secondary education was the enabling act providing free secondary education in government school effective June 1988
Transition rate from elementary to secondary is
91.95% Enrolment rate is 65.48% Completion rate is 71.57%
MAJOR REASONS OF DROP OUTS Financial problems
Change at residence illness
Responsibility of the Bureau of Secondary Education The Bureau: Defines the deserved learning competencies for
the different year level Conceptualized the structure of the curriculum Formulate national curricular policies
• These functions are exercised in consultation with
other agencies • Continuously undergoing reforms to ensure its relevance to changing needs and demands • Learners are expected to: ▪ Learn more content ▪ Acquire and attain academic excellence ▪ Capable to cope with new knowledge and technology ▪ They are also encourage to engage in extracurricular activities
Innovative teaching- learning strategies • Communicative approach • Integrated approach • Experimental approach Instructional Materials Government has established Instructional
Materials Corporation for the development, printing and distribution of quality textbooks and other instructional materials
Lack of financial support Lack of qualified test construction
personnel Difficulties in assessing affective learning's
Central/National Office- engaged in policy formulation Regional/Division Offices- implementing bodies Regional/Sub-regional Levels- supervision of schools
Must have obtained a degree in Bachelor of Secondary Education (BSEd) Must have passed the civil service examination for teachers, now known as Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET) In service training is conducted at the national, regional, division and school levels
Classroom observation by principals department heads followed by postconference discussion Presently, there is a trend towards collaborative monitoring and teaching learning Principals are assessed on the basis of their administrative leadership ability Generally it is the division regional office that inspects facilities
LOW SALARIES HEAVY WORKLOADS LARGE CLASSES IN ADEQUATE INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS
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