Bauhaus -dessau: Project Brief

Bauhaus -Dessau Project brief : Architect :Walter Gropius Year of establishment :1925-1926 Site area :8.16 Ha Topogarphy :Flat site Location :Gropiusallee ,Dessau, Germany Location : Google image

Adjoining areas : • The site is surrounded by educational institutes ,schools,residentail apartments and hospitals around . •

It is in close proximity to Beckerbruch Park and Elbe river .

Approach : • The entry to the site is confined by a street, with another crossing perpendicular to the first and with twoof its wings bordering a nearby sports ground. The another entry is provided for • the parking separetly . Concept : • Bauhaus building is basesd on a great manifestation of architectural rationalism which brings together the characteristics of the Modernism movement with rationally articulated pure spaces ,innovative usage of new materials, horizontal windows,an absence of ornamentation; a global design for all elements; and, above all, a spatial conception presided over by the interrelation between the interior and exterior .

Campus : • •

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The campus designed is simple with the modernist touch of main Bauhaus building with other 2 blocks . Facilities for parking and recreational grounds are provided in the campus .

The extensive facilities of Bauhaus building includes spaces of teaching ,housing for students and faculty members ,an auditorium ,offices fused togther in a single building . Separate wings are designed as a separate buildings housing different wings .

Ground floor : • It consist of two separate wings with access road between coonected from both sides of the plot . • Prominent areas like auditorum ,exhibition hall and canteen are placed on ground making it easily accesseble to public visiting . • The classrooms and labs are Separately placed other Block Resitricting it from the public zone. • Entry to the first floor is provided from both blocks For easy movement .

First floor plan : • It is restricted to educational zone connected by both the blocks . • It has classrooms ,workshops and administration areas . • All the rooms are rectangular which makes More functional space . • In all three access stairs are Provided with one separate For workshops followed by passage . • The students housing units and School building are connected Through a wing to create easy access Also Provided them with a separate Entry maintaining its privacy .

Second floor plan : • It consist of lecture rooms , classrooms, Metal workshops ,studios,varnishing and Smiting rooms . • Workshops are placed Separately away from classrooms For avoiding the distrubance . • Segregation between the Departments are minimal which Is influenced by industrially Mass production design which Could reach to maximum Number of people

Bauhaus building areial view

Auditorium view

Staircase : • The stairs were designed in three parts: the part in the middle is the widest and leads to the upper floors, the narrower laterals descend the levels. In front of the staircase, there is a large floor-to-ceiling window which is as wide as the stairs.

Minimalistic approach of staircase

Casting of light and shadow

Structure • • • •

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A steel and concrete structure forms the frame of the building, ensuring the unity of the complex and allowing for the existence of three different façades,. It is built with very innovative though fragile materials such as glass. The static construction is not as it may seem- completely in reinforced concrete- as only the frame is. The cement used in the construction was very porous as it contained too much gravel, while the layer which covered the frame of the building had too little, which is why the iron frame is oxidized . curtain wall facades was designed in one expanse by keeping the load bearing columns reccessed from main wall . The surfaces in between are mostly made of brick, as are the floors. Flat roofs of vast extension were designed.

Simple geometric shapes with compositions and colours

Access road cutting across a campus

materials : • • • • • • •

The building was characterised by orthogonal levels and sections, generally asymmetric, and an absence of decoration on the façades. The interior spaces are bright and airy. The workshops display an imposing glass frontage, which permits the maximum illumination and view of the interior from outside. The Bauhaus’ windows are all steel-framed, without drainage, and with simple glass. They are in dark grey, which has the advantage that, from a distance, the frames cannot be seen . The main entrance of the Bauhaus is divided by three doors, separated by red columns, which provide access to the entrance vestibule and stairs. The entrance was designed in a simple fashion, which was quite unusual at the time

The entrance designed simple , quite unusual at the time

Interior designed with minimalistic approach

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The dining room and stage are separated by three folding doors, so that the whole section is actually one large space. The plaster used for the columns of the bridge which has remained as exposed concrete which was unusual in modernist works. . Along with these new materials, the façades here also have a typical smooth, white plaster. However, they also have a base of rough plaster in grey. This base has an optical effect, as it gives the impression of the building being much lighter. The corridors and stairs had magnesian floors, the offices had linoleum in various colours, and the walls were covered with lime plaster.

Exposed electrical lines with simple look

Incorporation of extended balconies

Various disciplines offered in the bauhaus are : • Industrial Design • Product Design • Graphic Design • Furniture Design • Interior Design • Textile Design • Architectural Design Architectural observations : • The campus building at Dessau contained many features of modernist architecture, including steel-frame construction, a glass curtain wall, and an asymmetrical, pinwheel plan . • The buildings were designed from the basic starting point of a geometric shape and then more intricate details were added after. • The glass curtain wall suspended in front of the load-bearing framework defines the exterior of the workshop wing and openly shows the constructive elements. • Glass was used for creating the impression of lightness. • The parts of the Bauhaus building were designed according to their functions with separate wings . • There is no central viewpoint and the observer must therefore move around the whole building. • The entire complex is in minimalistic look of light tones, creating an attractive contrast to the window frames, which are dark. • The interiors aims to differentiate between supporting and masking elements through the use of colour inside the building . • The basic structure of the Bauhaus consists of a clear and carefully thought-out system of connecting wings, which correspond to the internal operating system of the school. • Walls were used with the sole function of acting as screening partitions. • Due to improved technology, window areas was maximised. • The building was characterized by the absence of ornamentation .

Bibliography: • https://en.wikiarquitectura.com/building/bauhaus-building-in-dessau/# bauhause-dessau-7 • https://studylib.es/doc/5172394/walter-gropius-sede-de-la-bauhaus--dess au-1925-1926 • https:// www.shutterstock.com/video/clip-1009651208-breathtaking-aerial-view-b auhaus-dessau-germany-made • https://www.flickr.com/photos/23334331@N04/3114882118/ • https:// amitlzkpa.files.wordpress.com/2014/10/proposal-for-a-design-school-at-ai roli-navi-mumbai-by-amit-nambiar.pdf • https://issuu.com/15.12anshu.aa/docs/institute_of_design_-_asad • https://en.wikiarquitectura.com/building/bauhaus-building-in-dessau/# bauhause-dessau-escalera • https://www.archdaily.com/87728/ad-classics-dessau-bauhaus-walter-gro pius/5037ea2a28ba0d599b000431-ad-classics-dessau-bauhaus-walter-gro pius-image?next_project=no