Burner Operation
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Burner operating and flame momentum calculation Plant name Date Calculations by:
Dudfield 6/4/2018 SKY-IN
Inputs: Barometer Relative Humidity Ambient temperature Production Air density, at fan inlet Design data: Type Nominal heat consumption Maximum thermal output
1486 m 65% 20 °C 4000 tpd 1.000 kg/m³
847.0 mbar 11.4 g H2O/kg dry air 167 t/h 1.284 kg/Nm³
S-550- 9
Operating data: Heat to kiln Burner output Fuel Lmin,Heat (Average) Combustion air, Lmin,flow Specific primary air Air temperature after fan Burner data: Primary air flow, axial nozzle Rotation of Jet nozzle Calculated Measured Nozzle outlet temp Primary air flow, Swirl Calculated Measured Nozzle outlet temp Total air flow Measured Deviation
398 kcal/kg cl 96 MW
497 kcal/kg cl 96 MW 1.39 kg air/Mcal 32.0 kg/s 0.081 kg/kg cl 42 °C
250 30 2.666 0.000 154 250 1.083 0.000 69 3.749 0.000 3.749
mbar ° kg/s kg/s °C mbar kg/s kg/s °C kg/s kg/s
2082 MJ/kg cl
89793 Nm³/h
25.0
kPa
0.889
kg/m³
7478 0
Nm³/h Nm³/h
25.0 3036 0
kPa Nm³/h Nm³/h
1.108 kg/m³ 3898 m³/h m³/h 0
10514 0
Nm³/h Nm³/h
m³/h 13499 m³/h 0 13499 m³/h
9601 m³/h m³/h 0
Burner momentum: Jet air -Axial -Radial Swirl air -Axial -Radial Transport air Coal Transport air Solid AF 1 Momentum, Axial Momentum, Radial Ratio Swirl number Total air from burner % of Lmin Total air - transport
m/s 248 244 22 222 157 157 29 8.52 N/MW 2.36 N/MW 0.277 0.249 16.2% 11.7%
N 661 651 57 241 170 170 24 -
N/MW 6.86 6.75 0.60 2.49 1.76 1.76 0.25 0.00 2034 %m/s 531 %m/s
% Lmin 8.3%
%m/s 2034
3.4% 531 2.7% 1.8%
Burner operating and flame momentum calculation Plant name Date Calculations by:
Dudfield 6/4/2018 SKY-IN
Primary air: Critical pressure Isentropic exponent for air Gas constant for air
0.76 bar 1.40 289.0 J/kgK
Jet air: Estimated temperature, burner nozzle Critical air velocity Speed of sound Jet nozzle coefficient Total Jet nozzle area Jet diameter Flow function Pressure ratio Angle of axial nozzle
154 °C 379 m/s 416 m/s 0.95 15306 mm² 472 mmØ 0.222 0.772 10 °
Swirl air: Estimated temperature, burner nozzle Critical air velocity Speed of sound Swirler nozzle coefficient Front plate cooling nozzle coefficient Swirler nozzle area Swirler Di Flow function Pressure ratio Angle of swirl air
69 °C 340 m/s 372 m/s 0.95 0.85 5568 mm² 388 mmØ 0.222 0.772 45 °
Coal: Estimated coal temperature at burner tip Coal nozzle area
60 °C 28055 mm²
Solid AF: Estimated Solid waste temperature at burn Solid AF 1 nozzle area Solid AF 2 nozzle area
Gas: Fuel gas inlet temp. (before gas station) Critical pressure Critical gas velocity Speed of sound Isentropic exponent for fuel gas Gas constant for fuel gas Nozzle coefficient for Gas Flow function, Gas Pressure ratio Gas nozzle area
60 °C 0 mm² 0 mm²
0 °C 0.00 bar #DIV/0! m/s #DIV/0! m/s 0.00 #DIV/0! J/kgK 0.95 #DIV/0! 1.000 #VALUE! mm²
General information:
Net heat value:
Theoretical air amount:
Primary air nozzle:
Plant: Kiln type: Project No.: PD diagram date: Country: Norm. tpd: Norm kcal/kg: Max. MW: Jetflex burner type: Height above sea level Ambient pressure Ambient temperature (average) Kiln I.D.: Kiln length: Inclination: Blank field 1 Blank field 2 Coal: Oil: Gas: Blank field 1 Blank field 2 Fuel gas firing Fuel oil Waste oil Solid waste 1 Solid waste 2 Coal firing Blank field 1 Blank field 2 Axial nozzle Axial cool nozzle Angle of axial nozzle Number of nozzles Total jet nozzle area Swirl nozzle Swirl cooling hole Swirl cooling annulars/gaps
Dudfield 0 17-20250 Questionaire South Africa 4000 398 96 S-550- 9 h: pamb: tamb:
1486 m 847 mbar 20 °C 5.5 m 66 m 4%
5000 kcal/kg 10000 kcal/kg 0 kcal/Nm3
Lgas: Lwoil: Ltoil: LSD: LSD: Lbri:
Aax: Aaxcool: αax: n: Atot: Aswirl: Aswirlcool: Aswirlannu:
0.00 kg air/Mcal 1.41 kg air/Mcal 0.00 kg air/Mcal 1.39 kg air/Mcal 0.00 kg air/Mcal 1.39 kg air/Mcal
14356 mm2 950 mm2 10 ° 20 15306 mm2 5568 mm2 550 mm2 570.5 mm2
Primary air calculation:
Fuel gas, kiln: Fuel gas data:
Fuel gas calculation:
Coal channel:
Angle of swirl air Swirler Di Rotation of jet nozzle Blank field 1 Estimated primary air temperature, axial nozzle Estimated primary air temperature, swirl nozzle Axial pressure Swirl pressure Axial mass flow Swirl mass flow Axial nozzle coefficient Swirl nozzle coefficient Axial cool nozzle coefficient Swirl cooling hole nozzle coefficient Swirl cooling annular/gap nozzle coefficient Swirl number Blank field 1 Maximum flow Fuel gas temperature Isentropic exponent for fuel gas Fuel gas density Fuel gas nozzle velocity Fuel gas nozzle coefficient Blank field 1 Fuel gas temperature (IR measurement) Isentropic exponent for fuel gas Fuel gas firing, max. Nozzle inlet gas pressure, max. Fuel gas density Fuel gas area, start Fuel gas area, end Fuel gas nozzle Di Fuel gas nozzle Do Gas sideways angle Gas outward angle Coal channel area Estimated coal temperature at burner tip Coal transport air volume flow
αswirl:
45 ° 388 mm 30 °
tax: tswirl: pax: pswirl: ṁax: ṁswirl:
153.6 °C 69.4 °C 250 mbar 250 mbar 2.57 kg/s 1.19 kg/s 0.95 0.95 0.7 0.85 0.6 0.2
Vmax: tgas: k: ϱ: vgas
0 Nm3/h 20 °C 1.31 kg/Nm3 374 m/s 0.95
tgas: k:
0 °C 0 0 Nm3/h 0 bar 0 kg/Nm3 0.00 mm2 0.00 mm2 0 mm 0 mm 10 deg #VALUE! deg 28055.2 mm 60 °C 51.0 m3/min
ϱ: A: A: Di: Do: α: α: Acoal: tc: Vtr:
Coal pipe Di Maximum flow Blank field 1 Maximum flow Atomiser type Blank field 1 Blank field 2 Estimated solid waste temperature at burner tip Solid waste nozzle area Solid waste transport air volume flow Solid waste pipe Di Solid waste nozzle area Solid waste transport air volume flow Solid waste pipe Di Blank field 1 Blank field 2
Fuel oil, kiln:
Solid waste: Solid waste channel 1:
Solid waste channel 2:
Di: ṁmax:
189 mm 16583 kg/h
ṁmax: Type:
2600 kg/h OBA
tsolid: Atr: Vtr: Di: Atr: Vtr: Di:
60 °C 0 mm2 #VALUE! m3/min 0 mm 0 mm2 0 m3/min 0 mm
Liquid alternative fuels, kiln: No. Description 1 2 Blank field 1 Blank field 2
kcal/kg 0 0
No. Description 1 Common fuel pipe: 2 Side-by-side or single AF: 3 Special: Blank field 2
kcal/kg 2986 0
Max. Flow, Kg/h 0 0
Solid alternative fuels, kiln: Max. Flow, Kg/h 4966 0 0 0
Gas swirler positions Position [%]
Area [mm2] 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Nozzle pressure 500
250
Dudfield 6/4/2018 SKY-IN
Inputs: Barometer Relative Humidity Ambient temperature Production Air density, at fan inlet Design data: Type Nominal heat consumption Maximum thermal output
1486 m 65% 20 °C 4000 tpd 1.000 kg/m³
847.0 mbar 11.4 g H2O/kg dry air 167 t/h 1.284 kg/Nm³
S-550- 9
Operating data: Heat to kiln Burner output Fuel Lmin,Heat (Average) Combustion air, Lmin,flow Specific primary air Air temperature after fan Burner data: Primary air flow, axial nozzle Rotation of Jet nozzle Calculated Measured Nozzle outlet temp Primary air flow, Swirl Calculated Measured Nozzle outlet temp Total air flow Measured Deviation
398 kcal/kg cl 96 MW
497 kcal/kg cl 96 MW 1.39 kg air/Mcal 32.0 kg/s 0.081 kg/kg cl 42 °C
250 30 2.666 0.000 154 250 1.083 0.000 69 3.749 0.000 3.749
mbar ° kg/s kg/s °C mbar kg/s kg/s °C kg/s kg/s
2082 MJ/kg cl
89793 Nm³/h
25.0
kPa
0.889
kg/m³
7478 0
Nm³/h Nm³/h
25.0 3036 0
kPa Nm³/h Nm³/h
1.108 kg/m³ 3898 m³/h m³/h 0
10514 0
Nm³/h Nm³/h
m³/h 13499 m³/h 0 13499 m³/h
9601 m³/h m³/h 0
Burner momentum: Jet air -Axial -Radial Swirl air -Axial -Radial Transport air Coal Transport air Solid AF 1 Momentum, Axial Momentum, Radial Ratio Swirl number Total air from burner % of Lmin Total air - transport
m/s 248 244 22 222 157 157 29 8.52 N/MW 2.36 N/MW 0.277 0.249 16.2% 11.7%
N 661 651 57 241 170 170 24 -
N/MW 6.86 6.75 0.60 2.49 1.76 1.76 0.25 0.00 2034 %m/s 531 %m/s
% Lmin 8.3%
%m/s 2034
3.4% 531 2.7% 1.8%
Burner operating and flame momentum calculation Plant name Date Calculations by:
Dudfield 6/4/2018 SKY-IN
Primary air: Critical pressure Isentropic exponent for air Gas constant for air
0.76 bar 1.40 289.0 J/kgK
Jet air: Estimated temperature, burner nozzle Critical air velocity Speed of sound Jet nozzle coefficient Total Jet nozzle area Jet diameter Flow function Pressure ratio Angle of axial nozzle
154 °C 379 m/s 416 m/s 0.95 15306 mm² 472 mmØ 0.222 0.772 10 °
Swirl air: Estimated temperature, burner nozzle Critical air velocity Speed of sound Swirler nozzle coefficient Front plate cooling nozzle coefficient Swirler nozzle area Swirler Di Flow function Pressure ratio Angle of swirl air
69 °C 340 m/s 372 m/s 0.95 0.85 5568 mm² 388 mmØ 0.222 0.772 45 °
Coal: Estimated coal temperature at burner tip Coal nozzle area
60 °C 28055 mm²
Solid AF: Estimated Solid waste temperature at burn Solid AF 1 nozzle area Solid AF 2 nozzle area
Gas: Fuel gas inlet temp. (before gas station) Critical pressure Critical gas velocity Speed of sound Isentropic exponent for fuel gas Gas constant for fuel gas Nozzle coefficient for Gas Flow function, Gas Pressure ratio Gas nozzle area
60 °C 0 mm² 0 mm²
0 °C 0.00 bar #DIV/0! m/s #DIV/0! m/s 0.00 #DIV/0! J/kgK 0.95 #DIV/0! 1.000 #VALUE! mm²
General information:
Net heat value:
Theoretical air amount:
Primary air nozzle:
Plant: Kiln type: Project No.: PD diagram date: Country: Norm. tpd: Norm kcal/kg: Max. MW: Jetflex burner type: Height above sea level Ambient pressure Ambient temperature (average) Kiln I.D.: Kiln length: Inclination: Blank field 1 Blank field 2 Coal: Oil: Gas: Blank field 1 Blank field 2 Fuel gas firing Fuel oil Waste oil Solid waste 1 Solid waste 2 Coal firing Blank field 1 Blank field 2 Axial nozzle Axial cool nozzle Angle of axial nozzle Number of nozzles Total jet nozzle area Swirl nozzle Swirl cooling hole Swirl cooling annulars/gaps
Dudfield 0 17-20250 Questionaire South Africa 4000 398 96 S-550- 9 h: pamb: tamb:
1486 m 847 mbar 20 °C 5.5 m 66 m 4%
5000 kcal/kg 10000 kcal/kg 0 kcal/Nm3
Lgas: Lwoil: Ltoil: LSD: LSD: Lbri:
Aax: Aaxcool: αax: n: Atot: Aswirl: Aswirlcool: Aswirlannu:
0.00 kg air/Mcal 1.41 kg air/Mcal 0.00 kg air/Mcal 1.39 kg air/Mcal 0.00 kg air/Mcal 1.39 kg air/Mcal
14356 mm2 950 mm2 10 ° 20 15306 mm2 5568 mm2 550 mm2 570.5 mm2
Primary air calculation:
Fuel gas, kiln: Fuel gas data:
Fuel gas calculation:
Coal channel:
Angle of swirl air Swirler Di Rotation of jet nozzle Blank field 1 Estimated primary air temperature, axial nozzle Estimated primary air temperature, swirl nozzle Axial pressure Swirl pressure Axial mass flow Swirl mass flow Axial nozzle coefficient Swirl nozzle coefficient Axial cool nozzle coefficient Swirl cooling hole nozzle coefficient Swirl cooling annular/gap nozzle coefficient Swirl number Blank field 1 Maximum flow Fuel gas temperature Isentropic exponent for fuel gas Fuel gas density Fuel gas nozzle velocity Fuel gas nozzle coefficient Blank field 1 Fuel gas temperature (IR measurement) Isentropic exponent for fuel gas Fuel gas firing, max. Nozzle inlet gas pressure, max. Fuel gas density Fuel gas area, start Fuel gas area, end Fuel gas nozzle Di Fuel gas nozzle Do Gas sideways angle Gas outward angle Coal channel area Estimated coal temperature at burner tip Coal transport air volume flow
αswirl:
45 ° 388 mm 30 °
tax: tswirl: pax: pswirl: ṁax: ṁswirl:
153.6 °C 69.4 °C 250 mbar 250 mbar 2.57 kg/s 1.19 kg/s 0.95 0.95 0.7 0.85 0.6 0.2
Vmax: tgas: k: ϱ: vgas
0 Nm3/h 20 °C 1.31 kg/Nm3 374 m/s 0.95
tgas: k:
0 °C 0 0 Nm3/h 0 bar 0 kg/Nm3 0.00 mm2 0.00 mm2 0 mm 0 mm 10 deg #VALUE! deg 28055.2 mm 60 °C 51.0 m3/min
ϱ: A: A: Di: Do: α: α: Acoal: tc: Vtr:
Coal pipe Di Maximum flow Blank field 1 Maximum flow Atomiser type Blank field 1 Blank field 2 Estimated solid waste temperature at burner tip Solid waste nozzle area Solid waste transport air volume flow Solid waste pipe Di Solid waste nozzle area Solid waste transport air volume flow Solid waste pipe Di Blank field 1 Blank field 2
Fuel oil, kiln:
Solid waste: Solid waste channel 1:
Solid waste channel 2:
Di: ṁmax:
189 mm 16583 kg/h
ṁmax: Type:
2600 kg/h OBA
tsolid: Atr: Vtr: Di: Atr: Vtr: Di:
60 °C 0 mm2 #VALUE! m3/min 0 mm 0 mm2 0 m3/min 0 mm
Liquid alternative fuels, kiln: No. Description 1 2 Blank field 1 Blank field 2
kcal/kg 0 0
No. Description 1 Common fuel pipe: 2 Side-by-side or single AF: 3 Special: Blank field 2
kcal/kg 2986 0
Max. Flow, Kg/h 0 0
Solid alternative fuels, kiln: Max. Flow, Kg/h 4966 0 0 0
Gas swirler positions Position [%]
Area [mm2] 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
#VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE! #VALUE!
Nozzle pressure 500
250
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