Drugs And Vice Control

DRUGS AND VICE CONTROL

DRUGS • Any chemically active substance rendering a specific effect on the central nervous system of man. • A chemical substance that affects the processes of the mind and body.

• It can either be natural and synthetic/artificial.

Natural anything that comes from nature. Plants (Marijuana)

Synthetic - anything

Ecstasy

Shabu

that is produced artificially or processed in the laboratory.

DRUG ABUSE • Deliberate use of medically useful drugs which have the capacity to alter mood and behavior without the benefit of a prescription. • It refers to the use of a medically useful mood-altering drug for a purpose different from the one for which the drug has been indicated. • It refers to the use of a drug with such frequency that it causes physical or mental harm to the user or impairs social functioning.

DRUG ABUSE • Deliberate use of medically useful drugs which have the capacity to alter mood and behavior without the benefit of a prescription. • It refers to the use of a medically useful mood-altering drug for a purpose different from the one for which the drug has been indicated. • It refers to the use of a drug with such frequency that it causes physical or mental harm to the user or impairs social functioning.

August 22, 2019

DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

PRESCRIPTIVE DRUGS • These are drugs requiring written authorization from a doctor to allow a purchase.

• They are prescribed according to the individual’s age, weight and height and should not taken by anyone else.

OVER-THE-COUNTER DRUGS (OTC) • These drugs are non prescription medicines, which may be purchased from any pharmacy or drugstore without any written authorization from a doctor. • They are used to treat minor and short term illnesses referred to a physician.

DRUG DOSAGE •A dose of a drug is the amount taken at one time. •The doses taken become an extremely important part of drug abuse.

The most common drug in a dose can be described as:

Minimal dose Maximal dose Toxic dose Abusive dose Lethal dose

Minimal dose  the amount needed to treat or heal, that is, the smallest amount of drug that will produce a therapeutic effect.

Maximal dose  the largest amount of a drug that will produce a desired therapeutic effect without any accompanying symptoms of toxicity.

TOXIC DOSE  the amount of drug that produces untoward effect or symptoms of poisoning.

ABUSIVE DOSE  the amount needed to produce the side effects and action desired by an individual who improperly uses it.

LETHAL DOSE  the amount of drug that will cause death.

DRUG DEPENDENCE • Also called as DRUG ADDICTION. • The users continue to take a drug over an extended period of time.

• The users find it difficult to stop using the drug.

DRUG DEPENDENCE • The users stop taking their drug – only if their supply of the drug is cut off, or if they are forced to quit for any reason – they will undergo painful physical or mental distress. (Withdrawal Syndrome) • Drug dependence may lead to drug abuse – especially the illegal drugs

TYPES OF DRUG DEPENDENCE

Physical Dependence Psychological Dependence

PHYSICAL DEPENDENCE

Can only be discernible when drug intake is decreased or stopped and an involuntary illness called the withdrawal syndrome occurs.

FORMS OF PHYSICAL DEPENDENCE

Tolerance  Occurs when the body becomes accustomed to a drug as the drug is repeatedly taken in the same dose. It now requires ever- increasing larger doses to achieve the same desired effect.

FORMS OF PHYSICAL DEPENDENCE

Addiction  Severe craving for the drug even to the point of interfering with the person’s ability to function normally.

• PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE Exhibited when a user relies on a drug to achieve a feeling of well- being.

August 22, 2019

DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

FORMS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL DEPENDENCE

Habituation • Characterized by continuous desire for a drug. • A person believes that the drug is needed to function at work or home because drugs often produce an elated/ excited emotional state. August 22, 2019

DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

CLASSIFICATIONS OF DRUG ABUSERS

Situational Users Spree Users Hard Core Addicts Hippies

SITUATIONAL USERS Those who use drugs to keep them awake or for additional energy to perform an important work. Individual may or may not exhibit psychological dependence.

SPREE USERS School age users who take drugs for “kicks’, an adventurous daring experience, or as a means of fun. There may be some degree of psychological dependence but little physical dependence due to the mixed pattern of use.

HARD CORE ADDICTS Those, whose activities revolve almost entirely around the drug experience and securing supplies. They show strong psychological dependence on the drug.

HIPPIES

Those who are addicted to drugs believing that drug is an integral part of life.

ROUTES OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION Oral Ingestion Inhalation Injection Snorting Buccal Suppositories

ORAL INGESTION  The drugs is taken by the mouth and must pass through the stomach before being absorbed into the bloodstream, the one of the most common ways taking a drug.

INHALATION  Drug in gaseous form enter the lungs and are quickly absorbed by the rich capillary system, it is probably the second most commonly used route of drug administration.

INJECTION The drug can be administered into the body by the use of syringe and hypodermic needle in the following ways:

 Subcutaneous (SC)  Intramuscular (IM)  Intravenous (IV)

WAYS OF INJECTION:

Subcutaneous (SC) Drug is administered by injecting the drug just below the surface of the skin; this is sometimes called “skin popping.”

WAYS OF INJECTION:

Intramuscular (IM) Administration involves the injection of a drug into a large muscle mass that has a good blood supply, such as the gluteus maximus, quadriceps, or triceps.

WAYS OF INJECTION:

Intravenous (IV) The most efficient means of administration which involves depositing drug directly into the bloodstream, this is also the most rapid method of drug administration.

SNORTING Inhalation through the nose of drugs not in gaseous form, it is sometimes inhaling a powder or liquid drug into the nose coats of the mucous membrane.

BUCCAL The drug is administered by placing them in the buccal cavity just under the lips and the active ingredients of the drug will be absorbed into the bloodstream through the soft tissues lining of the mouth.

SUPPOSITORIES The drug is administered through the vagina or rectum in suppository form and the drug will also be absorbed into the bloodstream.

August 22, 2019

DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

33

REASONS WHY PEOPLE TURN TO DRUG ABUSE

Poverty Ignorance Parental Influences Peer Influences Personality Factors

Family Problems Parents who always quarrel in front of the children.

Irresponsible parents who don’t have time for their children. August 22, 2019

DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

Peer Pressure/Curiosity

BAD Influence by friends.

August 22, 2019

DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

Weak Personality, Desire to Escape From Reality

Lack of selfconfidence and inferiority complex.

August 22, 2019

DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

POVERTY • This is the most prevalent factor that prompt pushers and abusers alike to indulge in dangerous drugs. • Pushers were forced by the circumstances to the retailing of prohibited drugs as a meant or source of livelihood. • Many abusers use dangerous drugs as a vehicle to escape the realities of poverty and its related problems. IGNORANCE • Lack of knowledge and information about how dangerous drugs look like, their bad effects, legal ramifications or consequences and other aspects of prohibited drugs August 22, 2019

DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

PARENTAL INFLUENCES • Unhappy home, parents showing little or no interest in their children, Abuses committed by parents such as harsh physical punishments • Lack of parental values; parents who are permissive and liberal; parental neglect; domestic violence; role modeling.

August 22, 2019

DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

PERSONALITY FACTORS • Curiosity or the desire to experience a new state of consciousness • Escape from physical and mental pain, relief from boredom and frustration, and desire to escape from harsh realities • Unable to conform to social standards; weak personality or low sense of self esteem.

August 22, 2019

DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

DRUG TRAFFICKING • Otherwise known as DRUG TRADE • Generally refers to the sale and distribution of illegal drugs • It refers to the illegal process through which narcotics and other illegal drugs are produced, transported, and sold.

DRUG TRAFFICKING • Drug Trafficking is the illegal cultivation, culture, delivery, administration, dispensation, manufacture, sale, trading, transportation, distribution, importation, exportation and possession of any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical.

First Important Drug Traffic Route (U-TEM)  Middle East – discovery, plantation, cultivation, harvest

 Turkey - preparation for distribution  Europe - manufacture, synthesis, refine  USA – marketing

Second Major Drug Traffic Route Drugs that originates from the Golden Triangle

 Burma/ Myanmar  Laos  Thailand

Southeast Asia The “Golden Triangle” approximately produced 60% of opium in the world, 90% of opium in the eastern part of Asia. It is also the officially acknowledged source of Southeast Asian Heroin.

Drugs that originates from the Golden Crescent (I-PIA)  Iran  Pakistan  India  Afghanistan

SOUTHWEST ASIA  The “Golden Crescent” is the major supplier of Opium poppy, Marijuana and Heroin products in the western part of Asia. It produces at least 85% to 90% of all illicit heroin channeled in the drug underworld market.

Drugs that originates from the Silver Triangle  Peru  Columbia  Bolivia

THE WORLD’S DRUG SCENE Middle East Spain South America Mexico Philippines India

Indonesia Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand China Hong Kong Japan

MIDDLE EAST The Becka Valley of Lebanon is considered to be the biggest producer of Cannabis in the Middle East. Lebanon is also became the transit country for cocaine from South America to European illicit drug markets.

SPAIN This is known as the major transshipment point from international drug traffickers in Europe and became “the paradise of drug users in Europe.

SOUTH AMERICA Columbia, Peru, Uruguay, and Chile are the principal sources of all cocaine supply in the world due to the robust production of the coca plants sources of the cocaine drug. Columbia: Coca/Cocaine

MEXICO It is known in the world to be the number one producer of marijuana.

PHILIPPINES The second in Mexico as to the production of Marijuana. It also became the major transshipment point for the worldwide distribution of illegal drugs particularly shabu and cocaine from Taiwan and South America. It is noted that Philippines today is known as the drug paradise of drug abusers in Asia.

INDIA The center of the world’s drug map, leading to rapid addiction among its people.

INDONESIA Northern Sumatra has traditionally been the main cannabis growing area in Indonesia. Bali Indonesia is an important transit point for drugs en route to Australia and New Zealand.

SINGAPORE, MALAYSIA AND THAILAND The most favorable sites of drug distribution from the “Golden Triangle” and other parts of Asia.

CHINA The transit route for heroin from the “Golden Triangle” to Hong Kong. It is also the country where the “Ephedra” plant is cultivated- source of the drug ephedrine- the principal chemical for producing the drug Shabu.

HONG KONG

The world’s transshipment point of all forms of heroin. JAPAN

The major consumer of cocaine and shabu from the United States and Europe.

CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE

• The Controlled Substance Act of 1970 separates drugs that maybe abused into Five Categories (Schedule) based on the use and biological effects of the drugs.

FIVE CATEGORIES (SCHEDULE) Schedule 1  Almost all the drugs in this schedule are illegal.  All have a high potential for dependence and abuse, and it is illegal to have them in your possession. Ex. Heroin, LSD, Mj

FIVE CATEGORIES (SCHEDULE)

Schedule 2  These drugs are highly addictive but, despite the risk, they remain in medical use because no satisfactory non-addictive alternative medication is available. Ex. Cocaine, AMP, morphine and barbiturates.

FIVE CATEGORIES (SCHEDULE)

Schedule 3 This schedule includes drugs that have some potential for abuse or dependence. Ex. Acetaminophen or aspirin with codeine and some appetite suppressants. .

FIVE CATEGORIES (SCHEDULE)

Schedule 4 These drugs are considered less likely to cause dependence or to be abused as much as the drugs in Schedule 3. Ex. Diazepam, Chloral Hydrate, Phenobarbital

COMMONLY ABUSED DRUGS Drugs that are commonly abused depending on their pharmacological effects may be classified into:

Sedatives • Drugs which reduce anxiety and excitement such as barbiturates, non-barbiturates, tranquilizers and alcohol. Stimulants • Drugs which increase alertness and activity such as amphetamines, cocaine and caffeine. August 22, 2019

DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

Hallucinogens/Psychedelics • Drugs which affect sensation, thinking, self-awareness and emotion. • Changes in time and space perception, delusions (false beliefs) and hallucinations may be mild or overwhelming, dispensing on dose and quality of the drug. • This includes LSD, mescaline and marijuana. Narcotics • Drugs that relieve pain and often induce sleep. • The opiates, which are narcotics, include opium and drugs derived from opium, such as morphine, codeine and heroin. August 22, 2019

DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

TYPES OF DANGEROUS DRUGS A. DEPRESSANTS • Also known as “downers”, are drugs which act on and depresses the central nervous system causing initial relaxation leading to drowsiness and sleep. • Used of downers results to impairment of judgment, hearing, speech and muscle coordination. • They dull the minds, slow down the body reaction to such extends those accidental deaths and suicides usually happen. August 22, 2019 DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

SIDE EFFECTS & LONG TERM EFFECTS DEPRESSANTS

• Loss of body control may result to bone fractures • Impaired blood pressure regulation and balance control • Cognitive impairment, memory loss and pseudodementia • Nocturnal urinary incontinence • Worsening sleep • Respiratory problems • Dependency • Over sedationDRUG may lead to death August 22, 2019 EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

TYPES OF DEPRESSANTS NARCOTICS • The term narcotic basically refers to drugs that produce a depressant effect on the CNS. • Medically they are potent pain killers, cough suppressant and active component of antidiarrhea preparations. August 22, 2019

DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

OPIUM & ITS DERIVATIVES

Opium Morphine Heroin Codeine Methadone Fentanyl

Barbiturates Seconal Traanquilizers Volatile Solvents Alcohol

OPIUM • It is derived from the Oriental poppy plant Papaver Somniferum. • Raw opium is dark brown in color and is bitter in taste. • Street name: “Gum”, “Gamot”, “Kalamay” or “Panocha”.

August 22, 2019

DRUG EDUCATION AND VICE CONTROL

MORPHINE

•It is the most important alkaloids and constitutes about 10 % of the use raw opium •Friedrich Serturner, isolated morphine from opium. •Street Name: M, DREAMER, EMMA, EMSEL, Pulbos

HEROIN • Most commonly abused narcotic in the world. • It was discovered by Alder Wright (1896), • Most powerful derivatives of Opium, bitterer and commonly injected. • Street Name: BLANCO, BROWN, SUGAR, KABAYO, KENGKOY, GAMUT, MATSAKO, PULBOS, SAPSAP, TINIK

CODEINE • Also known as Methylmorphine. • Its

effect

is

weaker

in

preparations. • Street Name: SCHOOL BOYS

intensity.

Cough

Fentanyl

• An opioid 50 times more potent than heroin.

PAREGORIC • A tincture of opium in combination with camphor. • Commonly used as household remedy for diarrhea and abdominal pain.

BARBITURATES • A synthetic narcotic used as treatment of heroin

dependence but also fallen to abused. • Other than methadone, other most commonly known

synthetic opiate substitute are Meperidine • (Demerol) and Darvon.

SECONAL • Notorious sleeping pill • Sudden withdrawal from these drugs is even more dangerous than opiate withdrawal.

METHADONE • Are drugs used for inducing sleep in persons plagued with anxiety, mental stress, and insomnia. • Street Name: LILY, BALA, DOWNERS, YELLOW JACKETS, BLUE HEAVENS

DEMEROL • Coomon synthetic drug with norphine like effects. • Used as painkiller in childbirth

TRANQUILIZERS •Are drugs that calm and relax and diminish anxiety? •They are used in the treatment of nervous states and some mental disorders without producing sleep.

VOLATILE SOLVENTS • Gaseous substances popularly known to abusers as “gas”, “teardrops”.

Alcohol • The king of all drugs with potential for abuse. • Most widely used, socially accepted and most

extensively legalized drug throughout the world.

STIMULANTS Also known as “Uppers” Drugs which induce alertness, wakefulness, elevated mood, increased speech, mental and motor activity, relieve fatigue or boredom and decreased appetite. •E.g. Shabu, Cocaine, Ecstasy

IMMEDIATE EFFECTS OF STIMULANTS  Dilated pupils  Increase in blood pressure / Heart rate / Breathing rate / Body Temperature  Involuntary muscle twitching  Less hunger  Slurred speech

TYPES OF STIMULANTS Cocaine Amphetamines Shabu Methylene Dioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)

COCAINE • The drug taken from the coca bush plant Erythroxylon coca under stably called “snow” in the junkie jargon. • It is one of the strongest short acting stimulants. • Taken orally, injected or sniffed as to achieve euphoria or an intense feeling of “highness”. • Street Name: COKE, CRACK, DUST, HEAVEN’s DUST, STARDUST, WHITE GIRL, SPEED BALLS

AMPHETAMINES • Usually prescribed to reduce appetite and to relieve minor cases of mental depression. • This drug is representative of a broad class of stimulants known as “Pep Pills”. • Street Name: EYE OPENER, LID POPERS, UPPERS, HEARTS

SHABU /“POOR MAN’S COCAINE” • Chemically known as Methamphetamine Hydrochloride. • It is a central nervous system stimulant and sometimes called “upper” or “speed”. It is white, colorless crystal or crystalline powder with a bitter numbing taste. • It can be taken orally, inhaled (snorted), sniffed (chasing the dragon) or injected. • It is considered as the most abused stimulants in the Philippines. • Street Name: SHASHA. SPEED, SPLASH, UABS, S, ICE, SHA

METHYLENE DIOXYMETHAMPHETAMINE - (MDMA)

•“Ecstasy” •It is a white, yellow or brown in color with a bitter taste and comes in the form of a tablet, capsule or powder. •Its tablet form comes in various designs and shapes hence •It is dubbed as “Designer Drugs”.

HALLUCINOGENS (PSYCHEDELIC) • Natural or synthetic psychoactive drugs that produce reactions such as perceptual alterations and changes in the state of consciousness. • They consist of a variety of mind-altering drugs, which distort reality, thinking and perceptions of time, sound, space and sensation.

IMMEDIATE EFFECTS

• Hallucinations/illusions • Faster heart beat and pulse rate • Bloodshot Eye/blurred vision/Rapid Eye Movement (REM) • Dry mouth and throat • Forgetfulness/inability to think

IMMEDIATE EFFECTS • Altered sense of time/ disorientation • Impaired reflexes, coordination and concentration • Acute panic anxiety reaction • “Food-trip” & sleepiness (MJ)

LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE (LSD) • Derived from the fungus Claviceps Purpurea which infects wheat. • It was discovered by Dr. Albert Hoffman while working in a Swiss Pharmaceutical company. • Known on the street as “acid”, it is the best known and most powerful hallucinogens. • Street name: XTC, ADAM, ESSENCE, HERBALS, E

MESCALINE •aka STP which stands for Serenity- Tranquility- Peace- a drug derived from the dried tops of the peyote cactus, a small cactus native to Mexico.

• Street Name: CACTUS, BUTTONS, BEAN

PSILOCYBIN • Hallucinogenic compound obtained in Mushroom, Psilocybe Mexicana • Street Name: MAGIC MUSHROOM

PHENCYCLIDINE (PCP) •Considered as a danger and highly dangerous drug because it can be easily synthesized, •It is popularly known as angel dust.

MARIJUANA (CANNABIS SATIVA) • Marijuana is a Mexican term meaning pleasurable feeling. • The flowering tops of both male and female plant produce a sticky resin which contains Tetrahydrocannabinol or THC. • Street Name: Mary Jane, MJ, Flower, Pampapogi, Brownies, Damo, Pot, Joint, Dope

SYMPTOMS OF ABUSE ON THE DANGEROUS DRUGS

Depressants Stimulants Hallucinogens

DEPRESSANTS NARCOTICS •Lethargy, drowsiness •Pupils are constricted and fail to respond to light •Inhaling heroin in powder form leaves traces of white powder around nostrils causing redness

NARCOTICS

• Injecting heroin leaves scars, usually on the inner surface of the arms and elbows although user may inject drug in the body where needle marks will not be seen readily •User often leaves syringes, bent spoons, bottle caps, eye droppers, cotton and needles in lockers at school or hidden at home •User scratches self frequently •Loss of appetite •Sniffles, running nose, red watery eyes, coughing which disappears when user gets a “fix”

DEPRESSANTS BARBITURATES/ TRANQUILIZERS •Symptoms of alcohol intoxication without odor or alcohol on breath •Staggering or stumbling •Falling asleep unexplainably •Drowsiness, may appear disoriented •Lack of interest in school and family activities

DEPRESSANTS VOLATILE SOLVENTS •Odor of substance on breath and clothes •Excessive nasal secretions, watering of eyes •Poor muscular control •Increased preference for being with a group rather than being alone

VOLATILE SOLVENTS •Plastic or paper bags or rags, containing dry plastic cement or other solvent, found at home or in locker at school or at work •Slurred speech

STIMULANTS  AMPHETAMINES/COCAINE/SPEDD/BUNNIES/ UPS •Pupils may be dilated •Mouth and nose dry, bad breath; licks lips frequently •Goes long periods without eating or sleeping; nervous; has difficulty sitting still •Chain smoking •If injecting drug, user may have hidden eye droppers and needles among possession

STIMULANTS

SHABU • Produces elevations of mood, heightened alertness and increased energy • Some individuals may become anxious, irritable or loquacious • Causes decreased appetite and insomnia

HALLUCINOGENS

MARIJUANA •May appear animated with rapid, loud talking and bursts of laughter •Sleepy or Stuporous •Pupils are dilated •Odor(similar to burnt rope) on clothing or breath •Remnants of marijuana, either loose or in partially smoked “joints” in clothing or possessions

HALLUCINOGENS LSD/STP/DMT/THC •User usually sits or reclines quietly in a dream or trance – like state •User may become fearful and experience a degree of terror which makes him attempt to escape from his group •Senses of sight, hearing, touch, body image and time are distorted •Mood and behavior are affected, the manner depending upon emotional and environmental condition of the user

VARIOUS TEST FOR DANGEROUS TEST Physical Test Chemical Test Field Test for Dangerous Drugs

CHEMICAL TEST Marquis Test – Amphetamines Simon’s Test – Methamphetamines Chen-Kao’s Test- Ephedrine Cobalt Thiocyanate Test- Ephedrine HNO3 Test- Opium Alkaloids Zwikker’s Test- Barbiturates FBS Test- Marijuana Micro-Diffusion Test- Volatile Substance

FIELD TEST FOR DANGEROUS DRUGS

Marijuana- Duquenois- Levine test (Red) Shabu- Symone’s Test (Purple) LSD- Van urk Test (Blue Purple) Opium- Marquis Test (Violet) Amphetamines- Marquis Test ( Red/ Orange) Barbiturates- Dilli Koppanyi/ Zwikkers test (Violet/ Blue) Cocaine- Cobalt Thiocynate (Blue)

DRUGS INVESTIGATION PROCESSES

INITIAL INVESTIGATION Gathered information by personnel and from other sources – processing Use of informants or special agent (counter surveillance) Casing Tests buy

Entrapment/Poseur buying/buy bust operation NOT INSTIGATION PROCEDURES: Preparation of needs & coordination Coordinated instructions between members of the team Test buy using marked money Pre-arranged signal

all

INITIAL INVESTIGATION Search Warrant and how it is enforced Arrest Investigation Proper – completion of needed documents for inquest to include crime lab examination of the confiscated contraband. Filing of investigation records Testimonies

OPERATIONAL PLANS AGAINST THE DRUG PROBLEM Oplan Thunderbolt I Oplan Thunderbolt II Oplan Thunderbolt III Oplan Iceberg Oplan Hunter Oplan Mercurio

Oplan Mercurio Oplan Tornado Oplan Greengold Oplan Sagip-Yagit Oplan Banat Oplan Private Eye

Oplan Thunderbolt I  Operations to create impact to the underworld.

Oplan Thunderbolt II  Operations to neutralize suspected illegal drug laboratories.

Oplan Thunderbolt III  Operations for the neutralization of Big Time Drug Pushers, Drug Dealers and Drug Lords

Oplan Iceberg  Special operations team in selected drug prone areas in order to get rid of illegal drug activities in the area.

Oplan Hunter  Operations against suspected military and police personnel who are engaged in illegal drug activities.

Oplan Mercurio  Operations against drug stores, which are violating existing regulations on the scale of regulated drugs in coordination with the DDB/DOH and BFAD.

Oplan Tornado  Operations in drug notorious and high profile places.

Oplan Greengold  NARCOM’s nationwide MJ eradication operations in coordination with the local governments and NGO’s.

Oplan Sagip-Yagit  A civic program initiated by NGO’s and local government offices to help eradicate drug syndicates involving street children as drug conduits.

Oplan Banat  The newest operational plan against drug abuse focused in the barangay level in cooperation with barangay officials.

Oplan Private Eye  Sumbong mo shabu kapalit premyo

PNP OPLAN - DOUBLE BARREL •

As an action for our President Rodrigo Roa Duterte in his fight against illegal drugs and other forms of criminality in the country. PNP OPLAN - DOUBLE BARREL PROJECT TOKHANG was first implemented in Davao City where President Rodrigo Duterte served as Mayor for several years. With that program Davao city ranked number 4th safest city in the whole world. And now it is implemented all over the Philippines along with his PNP chief General Ronald "Bato" Dela Rosa. OPLAN TOKHANG is a visayan word which means Tok-tok Hangyo. Where police personnel knocks the doors of an alleged drug user or pusher, asking him/her that he/she will surrender to the police in order that they will be monitored for further assessment.

Double Barrel (Reloaded) • Upper Barrel – High Value Target (HVT) revalidated 1. Importers 2. Financiers 3. Distributors 4. Protectors 5. Manufacturers 6. Traffickers

Lower Barrel- Project Tokhang (Revisited) • Revisiting personalities who have already surrendered for complete profiling. • To conduct visitation led by the territorial unit commanders on drug personalities who have not previously surrendered. • All tokhang shall be done with the baranggay chairman/officials, church members, purok/sitio leaders/representatives or religious group /members.

PHILIPPINE DRUG ENFORCEMENT AGENCY (PDEA) Headed by Director General with the rank of Undersecretary, appointed by the President. The head of the PDEA is assisted by 2 deputies Director General, with the rank of Assistant Secretary, 1 for Operations and 1 for Administration, also appointed by the President.

PHILIPPINE DRUG ENFORCEMENT AGENCY (PDEA)

In July 2002, PDDG Anselmo Avenido (Ret.) appointed as first Director General of PDEA. On April 6, 2006, Gen. Dionisio R. Santiago (Ret) appointed as PDEA Director General vice Anselmo Avenido. In January 2011, PCSUPT Jose Gutierrez (Ret) was appointed as PDEA Director General vice Gen. Dionisio R. Santiago (Ret).

• Director General • Gen. Arturo G. Cacdac, Jr. (Ret. PDDG)October 2012 – June 2016Aquino III • Gen. Isidro S. Lapeña (Ret. PDDG)July 2016 – August 2017Duterte • Gen. Aaron N. Aquino (PCSUPT)September 2017 – present Duterte

PHILIPPINE DRUG ENFORCEMENT AGENCY (PDEA)

 The secretariat of the National Drug Law Enforcement and Prevention Coordinating Center or DEP Center has been absorbed by the new agency Narcotics Group of the PNP;  Narcotics Division of the NBI; and

 Narcotics Interdiction Unit of the Bureau of Customs have been abolished

POWER AND DUTIES OF PDEA Cause the effective and efficient implementation of the national drug control strategy, Enforcement of the provisions of Art II of this Act, Undertake investigation, make arrest and apprehension of violators and seizure and confiscation of dangerous drugs,

POWER AND DUTIES OF PDEA Establish forensic laboratories, Filing of appropriate drug cases, Conduct eradication programs, Maintain a national drug intelligence system, Close coordination with local and international drug agencies.

DANGEROUS DRUG BOARD (DDB)  Created by virtue of Republic Act 6425 otherwise known as Dangerous Drug Act of 1972 subsequently repealed by RA 9165.  The policy-making & strategy-formulating body in the planning & formulation of policies & programs on drug prevention & control.  It shall develop and adopt a comprehensive, integrated, unified and balanced national drug abuse prevention and control strategy.

• • • •

POWER AND DUTIES OF DDB Formulation of Drug Prevention and Control Strategy, Promulgation of Rules and Regulation to carry out the purposes of this Act, Conduct policy studies and researches, Develop educational programs and info drive,

POWER AND DUTIES OF DDB •Conduct continuing seminars and consultations, •Design special training, •Coordination with agencies for community service programs, •Maintain international networking,

COMPOSITION DDB composed of 17 members. 3 Permanent Members 12 ex- officio members 2 regular members.

THREE (3) PERMANENT MEMBERS

•At least 7 years of training and experience in the field of the following:  fields in law, medicine, criminology, psychology or social work. •Appointed by the president.

THREE (3) PERMANENT MEMBERS • One designated as the Chairman with the rank of Secretary (with the term of 6 years) and the two other regular members as undersecretary (one with 4 years term and the other 2 years but succeeding appointment will serve six years and until their successors shall have been duly appointed and qualified.

TWELVE (12) EX- OFFICIO MEMBERS • Secretary or representative of the following Department:Q • DOJ, DOH, DND, DOF, DOLE, DILG, DSWD, DFA, DepEd, • Chairman CHED, NYC • Director General - PDEA

TWO (2) REGULAR MEMBERS • President of Integrated Bar of the Philippines (IBP). • Chairman or President of a Non- Government Organization involved in dangerous drug campaign to be appointed by the President.

NOTE:  The Director of NBI and Chief, PNP are the permanent consultant of the DDB.

ESSENTIAL FEATURES of RA 9165

RA 9165 • The Comprehensive Dangerous Acts of 2002 • Signed by GMA on June 7, 2002 • Took effect July 4, 2002

DEFINITION OF TERMS Administer Clandestine Laboratory Confirmatory Test Deliver Den, Dive or Resort Dispense

Drug Syndicate Financier Protector/ Coddler Pusher Sell Use

ADMINISTER

Any act of introducing any dangerous drug into the body of any person, with or without his/her knowledge, by injection, inhalation, ingestion or other means, or of committing any act of indispensable assistance to a person in administering a dangerous drug to him/her unless administered by a duly licensed practitioner for purposes of medication.

CLANDESTINE LABORATORY Any facility used for the illegal manufacture of any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical

CONFIRMATORY TEST  An analytical test using a device, tool or equipment with a different chemical or physical principle that is more specific which will validate and confirm the result of the screening test

DELIVER  Any act of knowingly passing a dangerous drug to another, personally or otherwise, and by any means, with or without consideration.

DEN, DIVE OR RESORT  A place where any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical is administered, delivered, stored for illegal purposes, distributed, sold or used in any form.

DISPENSE Any act of giving away, selling or distributing medicine or any dangerous drug with or without the use of prescription.

DRUG SYNDICATE  Any organized group of two (2) or more persons forming or joining together with the intention of committing any offense prescribed under this Act.

FINANCIER  Any person who pays for, raises or supplies money for, or underwrites any of the illegal activities prescribed under this Act

PROTECTOR/ CODDLER  Any person who knowingly and willfully consents to the unlawful acts provided for in this Act and uses his/her influence, power or position in shielding, harboring, screening or facilitating the escape of any person he/she knows, or has reasonable grounds to believe on or suspects, has violated the provisions of this Act in order to prevent the arrest, prosecution and conviction of the violator.

PUSHER  Any person, who sells, trades, administers, dispenses, delivers or gives away to another, on any terms whatsoever, or distributes, dispatches in transit or transports dangerous drugs or who acts as a broker in any of such transactions, in violation of this Act.

SELL  Any act of giving away any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical whether for money or any other consideration

USE  Any act of injecting, intravenously or intramuscularly, of consuming, either by chewing, smoking, sniffing, eating, swallowing, drinking or otherwise introducing into the physiological system of the body, and of the dangerous drugs.

COMPARISON OF RA 6425 AND RA 9165 RA 6425 OF 1972

RA 9165 2002

Dangerous drugs are categorized as Regulated & Prohibited

All drugs are Dangerous Drugs

Accused can avail of Parole, Pardon and Probation

These privileges are curtailed

Planting of evidence as a violation applies only to Law Enforcers

Applies to any person

Penalties are lower

categorized

Penalties has increased

as

COMPARISON OF RA 6425 AND RA 9165 RA 6425 OF 1972

RA 9165 2002

Quantity & quality of drugs is considered in the imposition of penalties Procedures after arrest & confiscation of drugs does not involve other personalities

It does not consider quality as basis for the imposition of penalty Procedure after arrest & confiscation of drugs has become complicated it requires the presence of other personalities

COMPARISON OF RA 6425 AND RA 9165 RA 6425 OF 1972

RA 9165 2002

Destruction of Drugs is done in Destruction Procedures onbulk Dangerous Drugs happens immediately except retained samples

THE UNLAWFUL ACTS PUNISHABLE BY LIFE IMPRISONMENT AND FINE RANGING FROM 500K TO 1M

Importation or bringing into the Philippines of dangerous drugs using diplomatic passport or facilities or any means involving his/her official status to facilitate unlawful entry of the same (sec 4, Art II). Upon any person who organizes, manages or acts as “financiers” of any of the activities involving dangerous drugs (sec 4, 5, 6, 8 Art II).

THE UNLAWFUL ACTS PUNISHABLE BY LIFE IMPRISONMENT AND FINE RANGING FROM 500K TO 1M

 Sale, Trading, Administration, Dispensation, Delivery, Distribution and transportation of Dangerous Drugs and/or Controlled Precursors and Essential Chemicals within 100 meters from the school (sec 5, Art II).  Drugs pushers who use minors or mentally incapacitated individuals as runners, couriers and messengers or in any other capacity directly connected to the dangerous drug trade (sec 5, Art II).

THE UNLAWFUL ACTS PUNISHABLE BY LIFE IMPRISONMENT AND FINE RANGING FROM 500K TO 1M

If the victim of the offense is a minor or mentally incapacitated individual, or should a dangerous drug and/or controlled precursors and essential chemical involved in the offense be the proximate cause of death of the victim (sec 5, Art II). When dangerous drug is administered, delivered or sold to a minor who is allowed to use the same in such a place (sec 6, Art II).

THE UNLAWFUL ACTS PUNISHABLE BY LIFE IMPRISONMENT AND FINE RANGING FROM 500K TO 1M

 Upon any person who uses a minor or mentally incapacitated individual to deliver equipment, instrument, apparatus and other paraphernalia for dangerous drugs (sec. 10, Art II).

 Possession of dangerous Drugs during Parties, Social Gatherings or Meetings (sec. 13), and Possession of Equipment, Instrument, Apparatus and other Paraphernalia for Dangerous Drugs during Parties, Social Gatherings or Meetings (sec. 14)

POSSESSION OF DANGEROUS DRUGS (Sec.11)

PENALTY: Life imprisonment and fine ranging from Php 400K to 500K 50 grams or more of shabu 500 grams or more of marijuana 10 grams or more for any Dangerous Drugs

POSSESSION OF DANGEROUS DRUGS (Sec.11) PENALTY: Imprisonment of 20 years and 1 day to life imprisonment and fine ranging from Php 400k to 500k 10 grams but not more than 50 grams of Shabu 300 grams or more but less than 500 grams of Marijuana 5 grams or more but less than 10 grams of any Dangerous Drugs

POSSESSION OF DANGEROUS DRUGS (Sec.11) PENALTY: Imprisonment of 12 years and 1 day to 20 years and a fine ranging from Php 300K to 400K Less than 10 grams of Shabu Less than 300 grams of Marijuana Less than 5 grams of any Dangerous Drugs

USE OF DANGEROUS DRUGS (Sec.15)  1st offense- Minimum of six (6) months rehabilitation in a government center

2nd offense- Imprisonment ranging from 6 years and 1 day to 12 years and a fine ranging from 50K to 200K, provided did not violated section 12

CUSTODY AND DISPOSITION OF CONFISCATED, SEIZED, AND/OR SURRENDERED DANGEROUS DRUGS (SEC. 21)

 The apprehending team having initial custody and control of the drugs shall, immediately after seizure and confiscation, physically inventory and photograph the same in the presence of the accused or the person/s from whom such items were confiscated and/or seized, or his/her representative or counsel, a representative from the media and the Department of Justice (DOJ), and any elected public official who shall be required to sign the copies of the inventory and be given a copy thereof.

CUSTODY AND DISPOSITION OF CONFISCATED, SEIZED, AND/OR SURRENDERED DANGEROUS DRUGS (SEC. 21)

 24 hours Upon confiscation or seizure, quantitative or qualitative examination Certification of Examination results if the volume can’t be completed within the time frame extended for another 24 hours.

CUSTODY AND DISPOSITION OF CONFISCATED, SEIZED, AND/OR SURRENDERED DANGEROUS DRUGS (SEC. 21)

 72 hours after filling of criminal case, court shall conduct ocular inspection.

 24 hours  order of destruction

LABORATORY EXAMINATION OF APPREHENDED OFFENDERS (SEC. 38)

 24 hours subject to screening laboratory examination  15 days results of the screening laboratory examination or test shall be challenged after receipt of the result through a confirmatory test

PLEA-BARGAINING PROVISION (SEC. 23) Any person charged under any provision of this Act regardless of the imposable penalty shall not be allowed to avail of the provision on plea-bargaining

PLEA-BARGAINING PROVISION (SEC. 23) A.M. No 18-03-16 SC (Adoption of the Plea Bargaining Framework in Drug Cases) On August 15, 2017, an En Banc in G.R. No. 226679 – Salvador Estipona Jr. vs Hon. Frank E. Lobrigo was rendered whereby Section 23 of R.A 9165 was declared unconstitutional for being contrary to the rule-making authority of the Supreme Court under Sec. 5 (5), Article VIII, of the 1987 Constitution.

MANDATORY DRUG TESTING Applicants for driver’s license Applicants for Firearms license & PTCFOR Members of the PNP, AFP, & other LEA All persons charged with criminal offense with penalty of not less than 6 years. All candidates for public office national/ local

RANDOM DRUG TESTING  Students of secondary and tertiary schools  Officers and employees of public & private offices

JURISDICTION OVER DANGEROUS DRUG CASES

 The Supreme Court shall designate special courts from among the existing RTC in each judicial region to exclusively try and hear cases involving violation of RA 9165. The DOJ shall designate special prosecutors to exclusively handle cases involving violation of RA 9165.

PROCEDURE TO BE FOLLOAWED IN VIOLATION OF RA 9165

 Regional Trial Court (RTC)- Holds the Jurisdiction of Violations of RA 9165  30 days- Conduct of Preliminary Investigation 24 hours- filling of information  48 hours- Filling of information of the MTC judge who conduct PI to the proper prosecutor.

PROCEDURE TO BE FOLLOWED IN VIOLATION OF RA 9165

 15 days- Termination of the reinvestigation when prosecutor disagree to the MTC judge.  60 days- Trial period of the case  15 days- Decision shall be rendered  15 days- If no appeal was taken the decision shall become final.

VICE Any immoral conduct or habit, the indulgence of which leads to depravity, wickedness and corruption of the minds and body.

THE DIFFERENT FORMS OF VICES Drug Addiction Alcoholism Prostitution

Gambling

IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY OF VICE • The study of vice is important because these crimes are ever present and persistent in all forms of society. • It is important because its evil effects are more disastrous, morally and physically that other crimes.

IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY OF VICE • It is important because commercialized vice disrupt the social make-up of the community. • It is important because vice effect the daily lives of more people that nay other crime. • It is important because its existence caused a serious problem in law enforcement

ALCOHOLISM

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Alcoholism State or condition of a person produced by drinking intoxicating liquors excessively and with habitual frequency. (State vs. Savage, 89 Ala. 17 LBA 426, 7 South, Rep. 183). It is a condition wherein a person is under the influence or intoxicated with alcohol. His physical condition and behavior has been modified to a certain extent by the effects of alcohol.

Alcoholic Liquor Is any beverages or compound, whether distilled, fermented, or otherwise, which will produce intoxication or which contains in excess of one percentum of alcohol and is used as a beverage. (State vs. Oliver, 133 S.C. 125, 130 S.S. Rep. 213).

Drunkard Is a person who habitually takes or use any intoxicating alcoholic liquor and while under the influence of such, or in consequence of the effect thereof, is either dangerous to himself or to others, or is a cause of harm or serious annoyance to his family or his affair, or of ordinary proper conduct. He has lesser resistance to the effect of alcohol.

Chronic Alcoholics Person who, from the prolonged and excessive use alcoholic beverages, finally develops physical and psycho-changes and dependence to alcohol. The person consciously or unconsciously begins to demand on alcohol’s narcotic effects for a “pick-up”, to sleep at night, to feel “good”, to cope with business or domestic problems, to enjoy social gatherings, to get away from oneself, to repress inner urges or rebellion or resentment, and to relieve distressing restlessness.

NOTE: This person develops physical and moral deterioration, difficulties with the law, loss of his job and family problems.

DRUNKNESS AS A CRIME

 In the Philippines, drunkenness in itself is not a crime because a person may drink to excess in the privacy of his home or in the party and commit no crime at all.

 It is only when a drunken person exhibits his condition publicly, or disturbs, endangers, or injured others, that he became an offender and therefore, subject to arrest and punishment.

DRUNKNESS AS A CRIME  Before and during elections, it is unlawful to sell or drink intoxicating liquor, as provided in the election law.  Under RA 4136, as amended, driving under the influence of liquor is prohibited.  Under Article 15 of the Revised Penal Code, intoxication is considered as Alternative Circumstances.

DRUNKNESS AS A CRIME  It is considered a mitigating circumstance when the offender has committed a felony in a state of intoxication, if the same is not habitual.

 It is considered an aggravating circumstance, when the intoxication is habitual or intentional.

KINDS OF INTOXICATION Involuntary Intentional Habitual

 Involuntary  When a drunken person does not know the intoxicating strength of beverage he has taken.  Intentional  When a person deliberately drinks liquor fully knowing its effects, either to obtain mitigation or to find the liquor as stimulant to commit crime.  Habitual  When the person finds that drinking has a constant necessary and the vice ultimately takes hold of him.

VARIOUS DEGREE OF INTOXICATION Slight Inebriation Moderate Inebriation

Drunk Very drunk Coma

VARIOUS DEGREE OF INTOXICATION

SLIGHT INEBRIATION There is reddening of the face. There is no sign of mental impairment, in coordination and difficulty of speech.

VARIOUS DEGREE OF INTOXICATION

MODERATE INEBRIATION The person is argumentative and overconfident. There is slight impairment of mental difficulties, difficulty of articulation, loss of coordination of finer movements. The face is flushed with digested eyeball. He is reckless and shows motor in coordination. The person maybe certified by the doctor as being under the influence of liquor.

VARIOUS DEGREE OF INTOXICATION

DRUNK The mind is confused, behavior is irregular and the movement is uncontrolled. The speech us thick and in coordinated. The behavior is uncontrollable.

VARIOUS DEGREE OF INTOXICATION

VERY DRUNK  The mind is confused and disoriented. There is difficulty in speech and marked motor in coordination and often walking is impossible.

VARIOUS DEGREE OF INTOXICATION

COMA  the subject is stuperous or in comatous condition. Sometimes it is difficult to differentiate this condition with other conditions having coma.

METHODS OF THERAPY ON ALCOHOLISM The Aversion Treatment The Psychotherapy Method The Program of Alcoholics Anonymous

THE AVERSION TREATMENT • This treatment seeks to create an aversion from alcohol by the administration of a Nauseating drug to be followed by a drink of liquor, and thus develops a dislike of alcohol. • The method maybe rather costly since hospitalization maybe required. • Moreover, the effect is not always lasting and treatment must be repeated. • Yet, it is said that this method has proven effective in more than half of the cases.

THE PSYCHOTHERAPY METHOD • This cure depends upon showing that the real problem of the alcoholic is not the • Alcohol itself but the emotional problem that led the alcoholics to drink. • This method therefore, aims to eliminate these emotional tensions. • Through therapeutic interviews, it undertakes to make the alcoholics aware of why he drinks and to provide him with the strength necessary to combat his problems.

THE PROGRAM OF ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS

• This method is based on conversion and fellowship. • It emphasizes that alcoholics understand alcoholism better than anyone else • man is dependent upon God and must turn to Him for help; that the alcoholic must sincerely desire to stop drinking • He must admit that he is an alcoholic and cannot drink in moderation.

PROSTITUTION

Definition of terms Prostitution  It is an act or practice of a woman who engage or habitually in sexual intercourse for money or profit.

Prostitute  A woman who engage in discriminate sexual intercourse or acts with males for hire.

Definition of terms Pimp  One who provides gratification for the lust of others

Operator or Maintainer  one who owns or manages houses of ill-refute where the business of prostitution is conducted. Sometimes they are called “madame or mama san”.

Definition of terms White Slavery  The procurement and transportation of women cross stateliness for immoral purposes.

Whore/ Knocker  It is a name often used for all types of prostitute.

VAGRANTS AND PROSTITUTES (RPC) • Any person having no apparent means of subsistence, who has the physical ability to work and who neglects to apply himself or herself to some lawful calling. • Any person found loitering about public or semipublic building or places, or tramping or wandering about the country or to the streets without visible means of support.

VAGRANTS AND PROSTITUTES (RPC) • Any idle or dissolute person who lodges in houses of ill-fame, ruffians or pimps and those who habitually associate with prostitutes.

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10158

• Signed last March 27, 2012, amended Article 202 of the Revised Penal Code removing vagrancy from the country's list of crimes amid concerns it only targets the poor and the disadvantaged. • Although the poor or homeless people can no longer be hauled to jail for vagrancy, the new law continued to penalize women engaged in prostitution.

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10158

•RA 10158, defined prostitutes as "women who for money or profit, habitually indulge in sexual intercourse or lascivious conduct.“

•A person found guilty of prostitution is punished by imprisoned from one to 30 days or a fine not exceeding P200.

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10158

• In case of recidivism, they are punished by arresto mayor in its medium period to prison correctional in its minimum period or a fine ranging from P200 to P2,000, or both, depending on the court. • With the enactment of the law, all pending vagrancy cases meantime shall be dismissed and all persons serving sentence for violating the vagrancy law shall immediately be released.

TYPES OF PROSTITUTES ON THE BASIS OF OPERATION

CALL GIRLS HUSTLER DOOR KNOCKER FACTORY GIRLS

CALL GIRLS •These are the part-time prostitutes. •They have their own legitimate work or profession but works as a prostitutes to supplement their income. Sometimes they are tellers, sales-ladies of department stores, waitresses, beauticians, or engage in similar jobs that they use to make contacts with customers.

CALL GIRLS •They receive telephone calls from a selected group of customers and make arrangements to meet them at a designated place. •She may work alone or in partnership with an intermediary with whom she shares her earnings.

HUSTLER •Professional type of prostitutes. •She maybe a bar or tavern “pick-up” or a “street walker”. •The bar or tavern “pick-up” frequents places where liquor is sold, sometimes operating with the consent and knowledge of the management.

HUSTLER

• The streetwalker is the oldest and the most common type of prostitute. • She may work with taxi-drivers and commits prostitution in a taxi-cab. Her common customers are the tourists, gamblers, criminals, Addicts and others. • Their operation is oftentimes associated with swindling their customers.

DOOR KNOCKER • This is the occasional or selective type of prostitute. • She is usually a newcomer in the business Oftentimes, they are motivated by extreme • Desire for money due to poverty or supporting their other vices. • She makes contact thru information coming from the professional and hustler who are friends who gives her addresses of prospective customers

FACTORY GIRLS • Is the real professional type of prostitutes? • She works in regular houses of prostitution or brothels. • She accepts all comers and has nothing to do with the selecting and soliciting the customers.

FACTORY GIRLS • She works in regular hours or tour of duty under the direct supervision of the madam or operator of the prostitution house. • She gets her share of the earnings by commission or per customers.

TYPES OF PROSTITUTION HOUSES DISORDERLY HOUSES FURNISHED ROOM HOUSE CALL HOUSES

MASSAGE CLINICS

DISORDERLY HOUSES

• Usually ridges several numbers of factory girls or professional prostitutes and under the control of an organized crime ring. • A “madam” or “maintainer” supervises the operation supported by a staff of teller (cashier), bell or room boys, register clerks, watchmen, pimps and security guards known as bouncer.

DISORDERLY HOUSES • Their operation appears to be a legitimate business entity mostly under the protection of crooked policemen or law enforcement authorities and their location is prominently known to all their customers. • They have number of small rooms with the prostitutes staying there at where they wait for customers. At times, the house provided with secret exits ready for escaping in case of police raids.

FURNISHED ROOM HOUSE •Usually operated by an experienced “madam” who rent rooms to legitimate roomers in order to maintain an appearance of responsibility Purposely, the madam leaves several rooms not rented to legitimate roomers for ready use of the prostitution. •These prostitutes are mostly the call girls who make the room their designated places in perpetrating their business.

FURNISHED ROOM HOUSE • Their rent is on per customers basis or they maintain the rent continuously but the prostitutes do not live there permanently but elsewhere to maintain their anonymity and identity. • These houses could be found mostly in flashy subdivision or residential areas.

CALL HOUSES •This is where the customers call and the madam makes the arrangement and sends the girls by a transporter who is a man or woman to the place arrangement.

CALL HOUSES

• The house appears to be a legitimate business house such as service agencies, travel offices, coffee shops, beauty parlors and the like duly licensed and registered as such with the government office. • However, the telephone number is limited only to qualified customers as recommended by their pimps who conducts the background investigation on the ability of the prospective customers to pay.

MASSAGE CLINICS • These houses are operated under a licensed or permit issued by the government but acts as a front for prostitution where the act maybe done or as per arrangement. • They operate with barbershops with manicurists or “attendants” and “massagists” who while servicing their customers may make contacts or the prostitutes or themselves.

MASSAGE CLINICS • These prostitutes are sometimes the newcomers in the business who do not earn much as attendants or massagists

CONTROL AND PREVENTION OF PROSTITUTION THE SCHOOL OF REGULATORY CONTROL THE SCHOOL OF TOTAL REPRESSION

THE SCHOOL OF REGULATORY CONTROL

•This method maintains the idea that we cannot do away with prostitution unless we consider the problems and remove the causes of prostitution.

THE SCHOOL OF REGULATORY CONTROL

• The following regulatory policy has been adopted to provide the necessary protection for the society. Segregation of brothels and soliciting to restricted districts. Public licensing of houses of prostitution

THE SCHOOL OF REGULATORY CONTROL

Registration of prostitutes to protect them from the exploitation of white slave trade Periodic medical examination of prostitutes and public health education. Legalization of the practice of prostitution under government supervision and control to make it more realistic.

THE SCHOOL OF REGULATORY CONTROL

That arrest of prostitutes be handled by nonpolice agencies but should be taken care by social workers and medical men. Finally, the rehabilitation of prostitutes by providing them jobs and facilities to earn a decent living.

THE SCHOOL OF TOTAL REPRESSION

• This method believes that prostitution is both a crime and a vice and therefore, should be repressed and totally prohibited. • It maintains that chastity and continence should be the rule of conduct for everybody and to allow prostitution would be to abet immorality and white slave trade • As to licensing of prostitution, this school of thought argues that it invites men to enjoy promiscuity free and easy and without fear of the law.

GAMBLING

Definition of terms GAMBLING Wagering of money or something of material value on an event with an uncertain outcome with the primary intent of winning additional money and/or material goods.

ILLEGAL NUMBERS GAME Any form of illegal gambling activity which uses numbers or combination as factors in giving out jackpots. JUETENG Illegal numbers game that involves the combination of numbers as a form of local lottery where bets are placed and accepted per combination.

MASIAO Illegal numbers game where the winning combination is derived from the results of the last game of Jai Alai or the Special Llave portion.

LAST TWO Illegal numbers game where the winning combination is derived from the last two numbers of the first prize of the winning Sweepstakes ticket.

BETTOR(MANANAYA) Any person, who places bets for himself/herself or in behalf of another person, other than the personnel or staff of any illegal numbers game operation.

COLLECTOR OR AGENT(CABO, COBRADOR) Any person who collects, solicits or produces bets in behalf of his/her principal for any illegal numbers game who is usually in possession of gambling paraphernalia.

MAINTAINER, MANAGER OR OPERATOR Any person who maintains, manages, or operates any illegal number game in a specific area.

FINANCIERS OR CAPITALIST Any person who finances the operations of any illegal numbers game

PROTECTOR OR CODDLER Any person who lends or provides protection, or receives benefits in any manner in the operation of any illegal numbers game.

CLASSIFICATION OF GAMBLING GAMES Those who are absolutely or per se prohibited  Under Art. 195, RPC – monte, jueteng, other form of lottery, policy, banking or percentage game and dog races;  Faro and roulette is absolutely prohibited by the Gambling Law.

CLASSIFICATION OF GAMBLING GAMES Those which are regulated by law. These games are regulated in the sense that the law allows the same to be played except on certain specified of the day.  Cockfighting under Art. 199, Revised Penal Code  Horse Racing under Art. 198, Revised Penal Code  Panguingue, cuajo, domino, mahjong, entre cuatro, and other under Sec. 828, Revised Ordinances of the City of Manila

LAWS RELEVANT TO GAMBLING  Article 195 of RPC  Article 196 (RPC)  Article 197 (RPC)  Article 198 (RPC)  Article 199 (RPC)

 RA 3063  PD 449  PD 483  PD 1602  RA 9287

Article 195 of RPC • Acts punishable in gambling  Any person directly or indirectly take part in any game of Monte, jueteng, other form of lottery, policy, banking or percentage game, dog races or any other game the result of which depends wholly upon a chance wherein wagers consisting of money, articles of value, or representative of value are made.

ARTICLE 195 OF RPC • The penalty of Arresto Mayor or a fine not exceeding two hundred pesos, and, in case of recidivism, the penalty of Arresto Mayor or a fine ranging from two hundred or six thousand pesos, . • The penalty of prision correccional in its maximum degree shall be imposed upon the maintainer, conductor, or banker in a game of jueteng or any similar game.

ARTICLE 196 (RPC) • Penalizing any person who shall import into the Philippine Islands from any foreign place or port any lottery ticket or advertisement, or in connivance with the importer, shall sell or distribute the same. • The penalty of arresto mayor in its maximum period to prision correctional in its minimum period or a fine ranging from 200 to 2,000 pesos, or both, in the discretion of the court

ARTICLE 197 (RPC)

• Betting in Sports Contest • Penalizing any person who shall bet money or any object or article of value or representative of value upon the result of any boxing or other sports contest. • The penalty of arresto menor or a fine not exceeding 200 pesos, or both,

ARTICLE 198 (RPC) •Illegal Betting on Horse Races •Penalizing any person who, except during the periods allowed by law, shall bet on horse races. •The penalty of arresto menor or a fine not exceeding 200 pesos, or both,

ARTICLE 199 (RPC)

•Illegal Cockfighting •Penalizing any person who directly or indirectly participates in cockfights, at a place other than a licensed cockpit. •The penalty of Arresto Menor or a fine not exceeding 200 pesos, or both, in the discretion of the court

RA 3063 •Approved June 17, 1961 •Authorizing licensed race tracks and racing clubs and their authorized agent to offer, take or arrange bets outside the place, enclosure of track where the races held.

RA 3063

• PENALTY: - Fine of not less than one thousand pesos not

more than two thousand pesos or by imprisonment for not less than one month or more than six months, or both, in the discretion of the court. If the offender is a partnership, corporation or association, the criminal liability shall devolve upon its president, director, or any other official responsible for the violation.

PD 449 • Cockfighting Law of 1974 – Approved May 9, 1974.

PD 483 •Penalizing Betting, Game-fixing or point shaving and Machinations in Sports Contents. Approved on June 13, 1974.

PD 1602 •Approved June 11, 1978. prescribing stiffer penalties on illegal gambling.

RA 9287 •Approved 2, 2004 An Act increasing the penalties for illegal numbers games, amending certain provisions of P.D. 1602, and for other purpose

GOD BLESS YOU!!! 