Elecs(coaching) - 1

Electronics 1.

Swinburne’s method – most economical and convenient method of testing

2.

0.5 Ω - typical value of armature resistance

3.

50 Ω - typical op-amp input impedance /

26. double transient energy – refers to RLC circuits 27. transient – dependent on the instant that the circuit is closed. 28. punch through effect – when RB voltage is

typical surge cable resistance

exceeded and avalanche breakdown

4.

600 V – solid grounding

occurs.

5.

3.3 kV – 11 kV – resistance grounding

29. lead acid cell – 2.1 V

6.

5 to 10 years – shelf life of lithium cells

30. antimony lead alloy – sediments found in

7.

3 to 8 inches – size of silicon before processing

8.

-40 dB – roll-off (low pass filters)

9.

Ramsauer’s effect – absorption of slow moving electrons by interfering matter

10. Bravais’ lattice – shows the location of lattice points 11. Frenkel defect – an atom or ion leaves its place in the lattice and becomes an interstitial 12. Vacancy defect – an atom is missing from one of the sites 13. single phase motors – does not self start 14. Anderson bridge circuit – used to identify unknown inductances 15. Maxwell – Wien bridge circuit – modified version of Anderson bridge circuit 16. Schering bridge circuit – used to identify unknown capacitance 17. Wheatstone bridge – used to determine unknown resistances ranging from 1Ω to few MΩ 18. Miller circuit – step input to ramp output 19. Phanastron circuit – modified version of Miller 20. Zinc and copper – used as good electrodes

a lead acid cell 31. transformer coupled load – improves Class A efficiency by 50% 32. 95% - amount of current which flows through the collector 33. solar cell – photovoltaic cell 34. bundled conductor – reduces power loss due to corona 35. corona – common in Tx lines; not affected by atmospheric temp. 36. local hot spots – di/dt in SCR 37. false triggering – dv/dt in SCR 38. IEEE-488 digital interface - is a short-range, digital communications bus specification. 39. RAM – combinational logic circuits 40. ROM – array 41. cache memory – recently accessed data 42. PMOS – 6 times slower than NMOS 43. kWh meter – recording instrument 44. 1 kWh = 860 kcal 45. Tx limit – can be solved by inserting a series capacitance and shunt reactors 46. varactor – as RB increases, capacitance decreases 47. temp increase = length increase, stress decrease

21. Zinc container – cathode part in the dry cell

48. Schottky diode – fast switching

22. Silver zinc cell – used for emergency

49. triode – simplest amplifier diode

23. Weston saturated cell – used in large

50. Nimak gantry – positional precision robot

laboratories 24. carbon – cannot be used as a magnet 25. glass – strongest dielectric

51. Karel Capek – coined the word ‘robot’ 52. J.S. Kilby – made the first I.C.

53. Ted Hoff – designed the microprocessor in 1969. 54. anthropometric robot – most maneuverable robot 55. SCARA – used in assembly operation

81. triac – behaves like 2 SCR 82. SCR – 2 N-type and 2 P-type 83. UJT – behaves like diode and 2 resistors 84. induction instrument –rotation instrument 85. JFET – depletion mode only; square law

56. revolute – rotational movement

device (transconductance curve is

57. prismatic – straight movement

parabolic)

58. walk through – programming the linear movement of robot 59. 0.5µm - thickness of the depletion layer of an unbiased P-N junction 60. 10,000 – no. of times a card reader can read 61. 1,000,000 – actual gain of an op-amp 62. 4 & 100 – inductance of a voice coil / speaker impedance 63. LASCR – used as latch, no gate terminal 64. binary counter – use a D- flip flop 65. D-flip flop – composed of JK, inverter and RS flip flop

86. PIN – negative resistance diode / thin slice of semiconductor sandwiched between two metal conductors 87. IMPATT – microwave device used as oscillator for 10-1000 GHz frequencies 88. bolometer – used to measure temperature variations with ref to the changing metallic resistance 89. stroboscope – measures speed while flashing at a preset frequency 90. ondograph – waveshaping of voltage / current

66. NAND – S=0, C=0

91. light meter – uses lux as unit

67. NOR – S=1, C=1

92. permeameter – measures magnetic

68. monolithic IC – passive and active components undergo one process; used in computers because they are more compact 69. film IC – depositing required patterns of passive components 70. thin film – spattering / ceramic substrate 71. thick film – silk screening / alumina substrate 72. index register – used for address modification

characteristics of ferromagnetic substances 93. luminous intensity – unit used is candela 1/2

94. 0999 – maximum number display for a 3 digital meter 95. 1000 V – max voltage measured for a resolution of 100mV 3

1/2

digital meter

96. darlington pair – gain is obtained by multiplying the beta values of the

73. Hartley – tap coil

transistors; same as voltage gain with an

74. Colpitts – tap capacitor

emitter follower

75. Ip/IV- ratio in tunnel diode important in computer applications 76. transputer – computer on a chip; operates on parallel processing; 32 bits 77. nonvolatile memory – semiconductor rom 78. semiconductor rom – combinational logic circuit 79. SCS – anode, cathode and 2 gates 80. diac – pair of four layer SCR

97. class B amp – not prone to even order harmonic distortion 98. class C amp – most distorted output 99. EAROM – degraded every read operation 100. ultraviolet light – can erase the contents of an EPROM 101. flip flop – belongs to the family of bistable multivibrator 102. SC flip flop – used as latch

103. toggle condition – distinction of JK flip flop over SC flip flop 104. speed of operation – reason why avalanche diode is preferred over PIN diode in optical systems 105. CMRR – for a differential amp is infinity

131. Boltzmann’s diode constant – static V/I characteristics 132. low frequency cut off – bypass and coupling capacitor 133. transistor – interjunction capacitance – parasitic oscillations

106. source – point of reference in JFET

134. notch relays – impulse repeating

107. thermal neutrons – slow neutrons

135. ECL – very low propagation delay , fastest

108. bimetallic strip – the thermostat used in irons

136. I L – bipolar saturated logic

109. frequency stability – improved by using a

137. CMOS – very compact ; power

tuned circuit 110. gain stability – improved by controlling the gain 111. FET – similar to thermionic valves 112. deflection sensitivity of CRT – dependent on the separation of Y plates

2

consumption (in nW range) 138. logic analyzer – depends on the maximum input channel 139. push-pull – eliminate even –order harmonics 140. use of DC motor / stepper motor –

113. carbon – has a negative temp coefficient

compared to an ac motor can withstand

114. indium – cannot be used in doping when

overload

convertin an intrinsic to N-type extrinsic 115. Fermi level – forbidden gap 116. microprocessor – basic units are ALU and control unit 117. all solids have 6 degrees of freedom 118. daisy chaining 119. photodarlington – phototransistor and transistor 120. sulphation – occurs due to incomplete charging of lead acid cell 121. digital IC – discrete change 122. analog IC – linear change 123. schottky diode – no depletion layers and operate with hot carriers 124. 64 bit word size – used on largest computers 125. nickel – has high internal resistance 126. lead acid – dilute sulphuric acid, sponge rod,

127.

141. Barkhausen criterion - βA≥1 – sustain oscillation 142. phase – 0 degree 143. positive feedback – regenerative 144. monostable – introduced delay propagation 145. astable – used as oscillator 146. bistable – used as flip flop 147. soft stops – servo rotational 148. advantage of non-servo – high repeatability, low cost 149. direct coupling – less distorted to any frequency response 150. RC coupling – low cost and no adjustment 151. transformer coupling – minimum loading and minimum mismatch 152. saturation – clipping at negative portion

lead peroxide

153. cut –off – clipping at positive portion

Ah  1 always Wh

154. subroutine – high cannot be used as programming test

128. trickle charge – fresh and fully charged

155. DE MOSFET – no pn junction

129. no water is absorbed

156. speed – links torque and power

130. electronic oscillator – always with feedback

157. decade counter – 0-9 counter, next rest

158. 4096- 4096 x 1-bit RAM 159. SiO2 –isolation in ICs 160. MKS unit for electric field intensity – volt per meter 161. excess-3 – add 3 in BCD 162. handshaking – overcome problems in asynchronous transmission 163. relaxation oscillator – interdependent circuit 164. ripple factor – determines the filter efficiency of the P.S. 165. fixed bias – less stable 166. negative swing – Q point at saturation 167. positive swing – Q point at cut – off 168. bias – apply dc voltage at pn junction 169. mica – not good conductor 170. LCD – has less power requirement compared to LED array 171. cascade amp – better BW