Emergency Preparedness And Response Plan 23

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN PROJECT ASSESSMENT

THE ASSOCITION OF ENGINEER’S ,INDIA 1A-11, SALT LAKE CITY, KOLKATA-700097 COURSE:- ADVANCE DIPLOMA IN INDUSTRIAL SAFETY

PROJECT PAPER PRENTED BY NAME- DIPANKAR PRADHAN SEM-3rd ,ROLL-12 REG. NO.-

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN

Acknowledgement I have taken efforts in this project. However, it would not have been possible without the kind support and help of many individuals and organizations. I would like to extend my sincere thanks to all of them. I am highly indebted to THE ASSOCIATION ENGINEER’S INDIA for their guidance and constant supervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding the project & also for their support in completing the project. I would like to express my gratitude towards my parents & member of THE ASSOCIATION ENGINEER’S INDIA for their kind co-operation and encouragement which help me in completion of this project. I would also like to thank my project external guide Mr. BASU ROY, and Mr. BIMAL MUKHOPADHYAY all the people who provided me with the facilities being required and conductive conditions for my EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS project.

My thanks and appreciations also go to my colleague in developing the project and people who have willingly helped me out with their abilities.

Dipankar pradhan Student of : THE ASSOCIATION ENGINEER’S INDIA Course : Advance Diploma In Industrial safety Semester : 3rd , Roll : 12, Year : 2016-17 REG, NO. :

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN

Chapter No.

Title of chapter

Page No.

i

Cover Page

00

ii

Acknowledgement

01

iii

Table of contents

02

1.0

Purpose & Scope

03

1.1

Objectives

03

2.0 3.0 4.0

Emergency & Disaster – Concept Clarification Emergency Mapping in Building Construction Project Implication of Emergency in Building Construction Project

03 08 10

5.0

Principle of Managing Emergency

11

6.0

Evolving Emergency Preparedness & Response Plan

12

7.0

Responsibility Matrix

23

8.0

Emergency Preparedness and Response Team

23

9.0

Records and References

27

10.0

Emergency Prevention Consideration

27

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN 1.0

PURPOSE & SCOPE Emergency Preparedness & Response Plan (EPRP) envisages serving the following purposes;    

1.1

Prevention of loss of human life and injury Prevention of damage to the immediate environment which includes flora and fauna Provide a mechanism to evolve EPRP, execute it, review and update it continually Maintain Business Continuity through cycle of prevention, preparedness, response, recovery and mitigation OBJECTIVES The plan covers all foreseeable emergency scenarios associated with project in its construction phase. An on-site emergency is caused by an accident that takes place in hazardous installation and effects are confined to the factory premises involving only the people working in the factory. On-site Emergency Plan to deal with such eventualities is the responsibility of the occupier and is mandatory. Apart from the provisions in the Hazardous Chemicals Rules, Section 41 B (4) of the factories act, 1948 (as amended) it is also required that every occupier is to draw up an on-site emergency plan with detailed disaster control measures for the factory and to educate the workers employed in the factory premises The obligation of an occupier of hazardous chemicals to prepare an emergency plan is stipulated in Rule 13 of the Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989.

2.0

EMERGENCY AND DISASTER – CONCEPT CLARIFICATION

2.1

EMERGENCY An emergency is a situation that poses an immediate risk to health, life, property or environment. Most emergencies require urgent intervention to prevent a worsening of the situation, although in some situations, mitigation may not be possible and agencies may only be able to offer palliative care for the aftermath. While some emergencies are self-evident (such as a natural disaster that threatens many lives), many smaller incidents require the subjective opinion of an observer (or affected party) in order to decide whether it qualifies as an emergency. The precise definition of an emergency, the agencies involved and the procedures used, vary by jurisdiction, and this is usually set by the government and the concerned organization, whose agencies (emergency services) are responsible for emergency planning and management.

2.2

DISASTER A disaster is a natural or man-made event that negatively affects life, property, livelihood or industry often resulting in permanent changes to human societies, ecosystems and environment. Page 3

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN Disasters may have different nomenclature depending upon the context. Here are common alternative terms and contextual uses: Business Interruption – Information Security specialists use this phrase to denote an event that affects normal business operations. Catastrophe – Insurance specialists use this phrase to denote a disaster beyond actuarial expectations.

Sr. No.

Category/Type

Description Emergency/ Natural Disaster

1

Earthquake

2

Fire

3

Epidemic

4

Flood

An earthquake is a trembling or a shaking movement of the Earth's surface. Earthquakes typically result from the movement of faults, quasiplanar zones of deformation within its uppermost layers

The word fire is used to refer to the combination of the brilliant glow and large amount of heat released during a rapid, self-sustaining exothermic oxidation process of combustible gases ejected from a fuel.

An epidemic is generally a widespread disease that affects many individuals in a population A flood is an overflow of water, an expanse of water submerging land, a deluge.

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN 5

Hurricane also called typhoon or cyclone

6

Thunderstorm

7

Storm surge

Sr. No .

Category/Type

A tropical cyclone (or tropical storm, typhoon or hurricane, depending on strength and location) is a type of low-pressure system which generally forms in the tropics. While some, particularly those that make landfall in populated areas, are regarded as highly destructive, tropical cyclones are an important part of the atmospheric circulation system, which moves heat from the equatorial region toward the higher latitudes A thunderstorm is a form of severe weather characterized by the presence of lightning and its attendant thunder. It is often accompanied by copious rainfall, or, on occasion, snowfall A storm surge is an onshore rush of water associated with a low pressure weather system, typically a tropical cyclone. Storm surge is caused primarily by high winds pushing on the ocean's surface. Storm surges are particularly damaging when they occur at the time of a high tide, combining the effects of the surge .

Description

Emergency/ Natural Disaster 8

Tornado

A tornado is a violent windstorm characterized by a twisting, funnel-shaped cloud.

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN 9

Tsunami

A tsunami is a natural phenomenon consisting of a series of waves generated when water in a lake or the sea is rapidly displaced on a massive scale. Earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptions and large meteorite impacts all have the potential to generate a tsunami. The effects of a tsunami can range from unnoticeable to devastation.

10

Landslide, Mudslide

A landslide is a geological phenomenon which includes a wide range of ground movement, such as rock falls, deep failure of slopes, and shallow debris flows

Man-Made Emergency 1

Arson

Arson is the crime of setting a fire with intent to cause damage.

2

Civil Disorder

Civil disorder is a broad term that is typically used by law enforcement to describe one or more forms of disturbance. Civil disturbance is typically a symptom of severe cultural issues. Typically, the severity of the action coincides with public outrage. Examples of civil disorder include, but are not necessarily limited to: parades; sit-ins; or riots; sabotage; and other forms of crime. It is intended to be a demonstration to the public and the government, but can escalate into general chaos

3

Crime

A crime can be the action of violating or breaking the law, having the intention of doing so or helping others in the process. Example – murder, rape, fighting, theft etc.

4

Public Relation Crisis

Conflict of interest, cultural conflict, non-fulfilment of aspiration, loss of trust with people, worker’s/ neighbour’s hostilities etc. leading to social unrest or worker unrest.

Sr. No .

Category/Type

Description

Man-Made Emergency 5

Power Outage

A power outage is the loss of the electricity supply to an area.

6

Communicatio n Outage

A communication outage is the loss of the connectivity (phone, email & mobile) supply to an area.

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN 7

Terrorism

Terrorism refers to the use of violence for the purpose of achieving a political, religious, or ideological goal. The targets of terrorist acts can be government officials, military personnel, people serving the interests of governments, or civilians. Acts of terror against military targets tend to blend into a strategy of guerrilla warfare. However, one man's terrorist is another man's freedom fighter. Random violence against civilians (non-combatants) is the type of action most widely condemned as "terrorism."

8

War

War is conflict, between relatively large groups of people, which involves physical force inflicted by the use of weapons. Other terms for war include armed conflict, hostilities, and police action.

9

Incident

Work related event(s) in which an injury or ill health (regardless of severity) or fatality occurred or could have occurred. Note 1- An accident is an incident which has given rise to injury, ill health or fatality. Note 2 -An incident where no injury, ill health, or fatality occurs may also be referred as a “near-miss”, “near-hit”, “close call” or “dangerous occurrence”. Note 3 - An emergency situation is a particular type of incident.

10

Fire

11

Occupational Diseases

Same as above under natural disaster

The term occupational disease refers to those illnesses caused by exposures at the workplace. They should be separated, conceptually, from injuries that may also may occur at workplaces due to a variety of hazards

Crisis – Disaster Management and Information Security specialists use this phrase to denote an event that requires activation of Crisis Management organizations.

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN Disruption – Information Security specialists use this phrase to denote a disaster that interrupts normal business or technical processes. Event – Disaster Management specialists use this phrase as a catch-all for disasters. Outage – This phrase is used by Information Security specialists to denote a service or process failure. Emergency & Disaster: Emergency & Disaster are used interchangeably as synonym to each other for all practical purposes in order to facilitate developing and implementing holistic preparedness, response and recovery and mitigation plan. 3.0

EMERGENCY MAPPING IN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS Natural: Natural emergencies arise without direct human involvement, but can become more severe because of human actions prior, during or after the disaster itself. Also, one specific event may spawn another type of disaster. For example, a hurricane may cause flooding by excessive rain or by pulling seawater onshore, also called a storm surge. A volcanic eruption is particularly prone to spawning additional events like earthquakes, structural fires and wildfires, flooding from melting of mountain snow and ice, landslides, mudslides, thunderstorms and, if the volcano is located in or near the ocean, tsunamis. Man-made: Emergencies having an element of human intent or negligence are called man-made disasters. However, some of these events can also occur as the result of a natural emergency. In particular to Tata Housing Development Company Ltd., a mapping of potential emergency scenarios is presented in the Table-1. The mapping is based on the nature of the project, its geography, and demography. TABLE-1: POTENTIAL EMERGENCY SCENARIOS IN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS

SOME OTHER POTENTIAL EMERGENCIES ON A CONSTRUCTION SITE ARE:

Collapse of a slab

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN Toppling of a Tower Crane

Electrical leakage and shocks

Falling from height

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN Collapse of Scaffolding, Builders/Passengers hoists

Explosion of Gas Cylinders used for Gas Cutting works

4.0

IMPLICATIONS OF EMERGENCY IN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS Depending upon severity, emergency situation can have serious implication to life and health of the employee, property (raw materials, work-in-progress, machinery, equipment) and the local environment. As a result project construction plan may be disrupted. Disaster posed by a danger to life, health, property and environment is summarized hereunder.

4.1

Dangers to Life Emergency scenarios can cause an immediate danger to the life of people involved. This can range from emergencies affecting a single person, such as the entire range of medical emergencies including heavy bleeding due to severe injury, heart attacks, strokes, and trauma, to incidents that affect large numbers of people such as collapse of structure, fire, natural disasters including tornadoes, hurricanes, floods, and mudslides. Most agencies consider these to be the highest priority of emergency, which follows the general school of thought that nothing, is more important than human life.

4.2

Dangers to Occupational Health Sometimes emergency scenarios are not immediately threatening to life, but might have serious implications for the continued health and well-being of a person or persons. Emergency may result in danger to occupational health in many ways

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN

4.3



Contamination of food/ water supply

     

Disruption of occupational health services Poor sanitary conditions Poisoning of environment as a result of decay & decomposition of biodegradable Pest multiplication & encroachment Snake bite Epidemic diseases

Dangers to Property Danger to property includes loss of production/ materials/ tools, damage to machinery/ equipment/ structure, and disruption of supply including power, communication and raw materials.

4.4

Dangers to the Environment Disaster not only endangers life, health or property, but do affect the natural environment and creatures living within it. Not all agencies consider this to be a genuine emergency, but it can have far reaching effects on man and animals and the long term condition of the land. Examples would include oil spills, spread of debris, contamination of water body, ground water, agricultural land etc.

5.0

PRINCIPLES OF MANAGING EMERGENCY There are many protocols emergency services applied in an emergency, which usually start with planning before an emergency occurs. Emergency management revolves around four pillars; Preparedness, Response, Recovery & Mitigation in a cyclic order. Conspicuously, it is a dynamic process aimed at continual improvement. Commonly used system emergency management is depicted here under.

A graphic representation of the four phases in emergency management

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN The planning phase starts at preparedness, where the projects decide on how they shall respond to a given emergency scenario. This should ideally include lines of command and control, and division of activities between agencies (THDCL, Contractors, and Government & Non-Government Agencies). This avoids potentially negative situations such as duplication of effort. Following an emergency occurring, the projects then move to a response phase, where they shall execute their plans, and may end up improvising some areas of their response (due to gaps in the planning phase, which are inevitable due to the individual nature of most incidents). Projects may then be involved in recovery following the incident, where they shall assist in the clearing up from the incident, or help the people involved overcome their mental trauma. The final phase in the circle is mitigation, which involves taking steps to ensure no re-occurrence is possible, or putting additional plans in place to ensure less damage is done. This provides feedback in to the preparedness stage, with updated plans in place to deal with future emergencies, thus completing the circle. 6.0

EVOLVING EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN (EPRP)

6.1

IDENTIFICATION & ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL EMERGENCY 

In reference to Table 1, select potential emergency considering nature of project and its environmental settings. List the selected emergency scenario in column 2 in Table 2.



Formulate risk statement against each emergency listed in column 2. Mention risk statement in column 3 in Table 2. Evaluate Risk Level The risk is the outcome of hazards (emergency) and depends upon the severity and probability of hazards (emergency). Accordingly, risk associated with emergency is determined by multiplying severity and probability factors (as tabulated below). Mention Risk Level in column 4 in Table 2. Risks and Impact/ consequences identified by committee comprising of representatives of THDCL, and major contractors in Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and determining controls (HIRAC) and Environmental Impact Assessment Control (EIAC) form input to EPRP. External expert and local agency may also be consulted in the process.



Risk Level = Severity (S) X Probability (P) S 1

Severity Negligible

2

Marginal

Impact Slight injury or health effects (including first aid and medical treatment cases) not affecting work performance or causing disability, negligible property & environment damage. Minor injury or health effects-affecting work performance e.g. restriction to activities or need a time off to recover (Lost time accident) reversible health effects, e.g. skin irritation, food poisoning. Marginal property & environment damage.

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN

6.2

3

Critical

4

Severe

5

Catastrophic

Major injury or health effects (including permanent disability) – affecting work performance in longer term, e.g. irreversible health damage without loss of life (loss of /damage to limbs, noise induced hearing loss, chronic back injuries). Noticeable property and environment damage. Single fatality or permanent total disability or major occupational illness. Substantial damage to property and environment. Multiple fatalities from an incident or Occupational chronic illness leading to death/ fatality (poisoning, cancer). Extensive damage to property and environment.

COMPONENTS OF EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN (EPRP) An emergency having medium risk (cautionary risk) to high risk (critical risk) associated with it needs to be treated as non-tolerable or unacceptable. Projects use Periodic Management Attention and Continuous Management Attention as a strategic tool to manage cautionary risk and critical risk respectively. Accordingly, Project Specific Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan is evolved incorporating five components;     

Prevention Preparedness Response Recovery Mitigation

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN TABLE 2: IDENTIFICATION & ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL EMERGENCY

Sr. No. (1)

Potential Emergency (2)

1

Monsoon

2

Earthquake

3

Cyclone

4

Fire

5

Accident

6

Power

Risk Level (4)

Risk Statement (3) S

P

Risk= SXP

Categ ory

5

3

15

H

5

1

5

L

5

2

10

M

5

3

15

H

An accident is an unexpected and unplanned event, which has a probability of causing personal injury, property damage or both.

4

4

16

H

A power outage is the loss of the electricity supply to an area.

2

3

6

L

High Monsoon / Flooding at construction zone, inaccessibility of site/office, damage to equipment /machinery, growth of weeds, snake infestation. An earthquake is a trembling or a shaking movement of the Earth's surface. Earthquakes typically result from the movement of faults, quasi-planar zones of deformation within its uppermost layers

A tropical cyclone is a type of low-pressure system which generally forms in the tropics. While some, particularly those that make landfall in populated areas, are regarded as highly destructive, tropical cyclones are an important part of the atmospheric circulation system, which moves heat from the equatorial region toward the higher latitudes. The word fire is used to refer to the combination of the brilliant glow and large amount of heat released during a rapid, self sustaining exothermic oxidation process of Combustible gases ejected from a fuel.

Managem ent Strategy (6) Continuous Manageme nt Attention Under control

Periodic Manageme nt Attention

Continuous Manageme nt Attention

Continuous Manageme nt Attention Under Control

Outage

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN The various facets of these components are summarized in Table-3 as guiding principles for consideration, selection and inclusion in emergency response plans of projects. TABLE 3: COMPONENTS OF EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN (EPRP) Components Prevention

Explanation/Associated Elements Prevention may not be always practical in case of natural disasters. But certain planning consideration (refer Annexure I) can help minimize the impacts during above emergency situation. Contrary, towards man-made emergency, prevention can be quite effective. Example- incidents and occupational diseases can be prevented by applying various controls; elimination, substitution, engineering, administrative & personal

Preparedness It involves developing mechanism towards emergency preparedness a. b. c. d. e.

Defining EPR team structure at project level (Refer Section 7.0) Demarcation of roles, responsibility & authority Determining line of command and control Allocation of resources including training Developing & maintaining inventory of emergency management equipment’s

Preparedness also involves periodical testing through planned Mock Drill & Table Top exercises

Response

Response is execution of preparedness plans and typically involves, a. Put preparedness plan in execution b. Evaluate its effectiveness i.e. determine the gap between the plan and the execution c. Revisit plan and improve it in view of gap analysis (as part of Mitigation) d. Incorporate the learning’s for continual improvement

Recover

Response is followed by recovery wherein projects need to take steps to bring back normalcy as soon as possible. The focus should be to maintain continuity of business by minimizing / eliminating disruptions and delays. Typically recovery involves the following (but not limited to) a. Clear up from the incident or help the people involved overcome their mental trauma b. Consultation and coordination with contractors, suppliers and internal functions to streamline the work and the supply

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN c. Repair/ renovate offices, Labour camps, stores, work fronts, machinery/equipment d. Sanitization of entire area including canteen and utilities- water supply, wash rooms, & toilets/ urinals e. Pest Control f. Preventive Health Check-up & consultation g. Reorganizing workforce and re-inducting them

Mitigation involves taking steps to ensure no re-occurrence is possible, or putting additional plans in place to ensure less damage is done next time. This should feedback in to the preparedness stage, with updated plans in place to deal with future emergencies.

Mitigation

6.3

EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN (EPRP) In consideration with components of EPRP (as mentioned at section 5.2), project specific EPRP is developed by the project team in a particular format as given in Table 4. Tips for preparing plan:  



Have one plan sheet for one emergency scenario. Every emergency having cautionary or critical risk need to be covered Emergency Preparedness & Response Team (refer Section 7.0) can be the same for all emergency situations. Project should take a call to have one or more team for emergency situation management. For every emergency; all the five components as indicated in the format (Table 4) should be populated. TABLE 4: EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN

Plan Components Prevention

Incident -01  Edge barricading to all openings on the floor, floor edge, ducts and excavated places.  Safety and warning signage shall be placed at hazardous areas. Safety induction and TBT Shall be carried out on site for all workforces.  PPE Shall be mandatory on site for all.

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN Preparedness

 Continuous supervision of safe working environment.  Special training shall be conducted on site to deal with any type of incident.  Sufficient stretcher shall be kept on site for immediate response during incident. Availability of first aider, First aid box and medical health center.  Implementation of BOCW requirements other clauses of various rules and regulations as per the ROR on sites Mock Drill (Frequency & methodology): Incident evacuation drill shall be carried out as per Mock Drill Plan. Line of method:  Emergency siren will be blown to alarm all workmen & staff.  Everyone will gather at assembly point. Head count will be administrated.  Meanwhile, Rescue team members will rescue the victims.  Victim will be moved to Occupational Health Centre or nearby hospital (if required).  Situation will be brought under control and then all clear siren will be blown to inform all.

Response

 As to see the effectiveness of the preparedness plan for an incident it shall be executed at site as per the plan.  Its Effectiveness shall be evacuated to understand the gap between the plan and the execution on the basis of timelines,roles and responsibilities given to EPRT members.

Recovery

 The sufferer of the incident shall be provided with adequate medical facilities to recuperate from the incident.

Mitigation

 Additional plans will be put up in place to avoid any kind of incident on site during work.

Plan Components Prevention

Monsoon ( Flood ) - 02   

Proper dewatering and drainage system shall be implemented on site to avoid flooding. Site is under flood area or not, this shall be confirmed through the local emergency management office. To avoid electrical hazard during monsoon ELCB system shall be used. In addition, to all the electrical cable joints shall be properly insulated.

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN Preparedness



Dewatering pumps shall be purchased and placed all over the site during monsoon. Drainage system shall be specially designed for flooding so that water log jam is avoided. All construction equipment/machinery/official documental records shall be ready to shift at a safe place where flood could damage the same. All Electrical Distribution equipment shall keep under weather proof shade on proper elevated platform.

  

Mock Drill (Frequency & methodology): Emergency evacuation drill will be carried as per Mock Drill Plan. line of Method :• Emergency siren will be blown. • All workers will be gathered at Assembly point. • Head Counting • Rescue the victims. • Emergency stopped up siren will be blown

Response



As to see the effectiveness of the Preparedness plan for monsoon it shall be executed at site as per the plan. Its effectiveness shall be evaluated to understand the gap between the plan and the execution on the basis of response timelines, roles and responsibilities given to EPRT members. To recover from the monsoon disaster Immediate Repair/renovation shall be done for offices, Labor camps, stores, work fronts, machinery/equipment. Pesticides shall be used all over the flooded or water logged area to avoid any health contamination on site. Medical check-up for all workforces shall be done to ensure and control epidemic situation on site. Additional plans (as per observation during mock drill) shall be put up in place to ensure less damage and losses should occur during monsoon. Monsoon prevention plans shall be updated time to time to deal with future emergencies.



Recovery

  

Mitigation

 

Plan Components Prevention

Earthquake - 03      

Inspect every item that could fall, spill, break or move during an Earthquake & remove it from floor edge. Follow safety codes & building codes for building earthquake resistance structure when constructing a project. Project should be inspected by structural engineer. Heavy items shall be moved away from where people work. Fixed equipment and heavy machinery shall be secured to the floor.

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN Preparedness

  



Disaster management accessories shall be maintained at site. Assembly point shall be notified at an open specific place for all to gather whenever the earth quake takes place on site emergency contact nos. shall be displayed all over the site. All workforces shall follow the EPRT member’s instruction.

Mock Drill (Frequency & methodology): Emergency evacuation drill shall be carried out as per Mock Drill Plan. line of Method : Emergency siren will be blown.  All workers will be gathered at Assembly point.  Head Counting  Rescue the victims.  Emergency stopped up siren will be blown. Response



Recovery





 Mitigation

 

Preparedness plan effectiveness shall be evaluated to understand the gap between the plan and the execution on the basis of timelines, roles and responsibilities given to EPRT members. To recover from the Earthquake incident Check with INSURANCE bodies for life & property damages and Immediate Repair/renovation shall be done for offices, Labor camps, stores, work fronts, machinery/equipment. Immediate reorganizing of work force shall be done to maintain continuity of business without any delay. Moral support shall be given to workmen to come out from the confrontation. Additional plans shall be put up in place to ensure less damage and losses should occur during earthquake. Earthquake and other Disaster management plans shall be updated time to time to deal with future emergencies.

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN Plan Components Prevention

Cyclone - 04    

Preparedness

     

Structures shall be built to withstand wind forces. Houses shall be strengthened to resist wind and flood damage. All elements holding the structures shall be properly anchored to resist the uplift or flying off of the objects. For example, avoid large overhangs of roofs, and the projections should be tied down A row of planted trees all around the site shall act as a shield. It reduces the energy. Buildings should be wind and water resistant. All Communication on lines should be installed underground on site. Continuous co-ordination with the weather forecast department shall be kept to implement the effective warning system on site for cyclone and other natural disasters. Provide strong public room for community shelter in vulnerable locations inside the site. The entire workforce shall be evacuated from site as soon as the cyclone warning will be declared. Provide evacuation plan with demarcated area for gathering (public room/ shelter)Training shall be provided to evacuation team for accurate and immediate response at the time of cyclone.

Mock Drill (Frequency & methodology):

Emergency evacuation drill shall be carried out as per Mock Drill Plan. line of Method : Emergency siren will be blown.  All workers will be gathered at public room/shelter.Head Counting  Rescue the victims if anyone is trapped at a place where cyclone  may turn up.  Govt. Disaster management Cell /NGO will be immediately  Informed for further help.  Emergency stopped up siren will be blown. Response

 

Recovery

    

Mitigation

 

As to see the effectiveness of the EPRP for cyclone, it shall be executed at site as per the plan. Its effectiveness shall be evaluated to understand the gap between the plan and the execution on the basis of timelines, roles and responsibilities given to EPRT members. To recover from the cyclone disaster losses and damage, necessary medical and other required help shall be taken from Government bodies or local NGO’s. Moral Support shall be given to the cyclone affected people to come out from the situation. Proper pest control and other medical checkups shall be done to ensure that to ensure and control epidemic situation on site. Check with INSURANCE bodies for property & life damages. Additional plans (as per observation during mock drill) shall be put up in place to ensure less damage and losses should occur during cyclone.

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN 

cyclone prevention plans shall be updated time to time to deal with future emergencies

Plan Components Prevention

Preparedness

Fire - 05      



All the flammable material shall be kept at a designated place. Fire extinguishers, fire buckets etc. Shall be put up all across the site. Operational Training for fire extinguishers will be given to all. Fire prevention accessories shall be maintained at site. Assembly point and fire exit shall be notified at a specific place for all to gather whenever the fire takes place on site. Fire exit shall be away from debris. Contact nos. of local Fire brigade and Fire Marshalls as well as nearest hospitals shall be displayed all over the site. The site shall be having its own First Aid Centre and Emergency Vehicle

Mock Drill (Frequency & methodology Emergency evacuation drill shall be carried out as per Mock Drill Plan. line of Method : Emergency siren will be blown.  All workers will be gathered at Assembly point.  Head Counting  Rescue the victims.  Fire will be put out by fire Marshalls or fire brigade.  Emergency stopped up siren will be blown.

Response

 

Recovery

 

 Mitigation

 

As to see the effectiveness of the Preparedness plan for Fire it will be executed at site as per the plan. Its effectiveness shall be evaluated to understand the gap between the plan and the execution on the basis of timelines, roles and responsibilities given to EPRT members. To recover from the Fire; Immediate renovation shall be done for offices, Labor camps, stores, work fronts, Machinery/equipment, also all this will be recovered with the help of insurance. Immediate reorganizing of work force will be done to maintain continuity of business without any delay. Additional plans will be put up in place to ensure less destruction and losses should occur during fire and for this additional insurance plan will be introduced. Fire Drill will be reorganized time to time to compact with future emergencies.

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN

Plan Components Prevention

Power Outage - 06   

Preparedness

  

Continuous inspection for power connections. Every distribution boards should have ELCB. All electrical wire be routed above safe distance / guarded underground. Permits from local electrical authorities before any work start at electrical connection area. Standby power source like generators, inverters / torch shall be arranged in case power outage. All cables shall be guarded to avoid any damage during work. Only license holder / competent electrician will carry out electrical work.

Mock Drill (Frequency & methodology): Power Outage evacuation drill shall be carried out as per Mock Drill Plan. line of Method : Emergency siren will be blown.  Emergency lights will be blown automatically or manually.  Rescue the victims if any  Call to local electrical authority  Emergency stopped up siren will be blown after Power come. Response

Recovery

Mitigation



As to see the effectiveness of the EPRP for a power outage it shall be executed at site as per the plan.  Its effectiveness shall be evaluated to understand the gap between the plan and the execution on the basis of timelines, roles and responsibilities given to EPRT members. To recover from the power outage immediate help shall be done for sufferer. Emergency power will be placed. DG Sets shall be used to avoid the disruption in work. Additional plans shall be put up in place to ensure less / zero power outage will occur during work.

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN 7.0

RESPONSIBILITY MATRIX Components

Responsibility Primary

Supporting

Developing & authorizing Emergency Preparedness & Response Plan (EPRP) Mapping resources for EPRP Resources allocation for EPRP Mock Drill Table Top Exercise Execution of EPRP Recovery & Mitigation Note – Project EHS Coordinator assists “Project Head” in discharging his duties 8.0

EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE TEAM (EPRT) Main Controller

Liaison Officer/Communication Officer Incident Controller

Head Marshal

First Aid In-charge

External Agency

Internal Agency

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN Position in

Designation/Organization

Name & Contact Number

Main Controller Incident Controller Liaison Officer / Communication Officer Head - Marshal First Aid In-charge 8.1

Roles, Responsibility, Accountability and Authority of EPRT members

Main Controller In an unlikely event of occurrence of an emergency, the Main Controller will be responsible for handling the emergency. The Main Controller will function with all powers within his command within the premise. On receipt of an Emergency call the Main Controller will;  Control and direct the overall situation from the Emergency Control Area.  Assess the magnitude of the situation & decide if workforce (employees, contractors) and visitors needs to be evacuated to the assembly point.  Exercise direct operational control over areas other than those affected.  Inform and direct the Incident Controller.  Inform the Top Management i.e., MD & CEO, REC and Management Representative about the incident.  Maintain a continuous review of possible development with Incident Controller & other key personnel.  Gather information about the headcount from the incident controller and make sure that there is no personnel trapped in the building and all employees, contractors and visitors are accounted for at their respective assembly point.  Control the return to normal operations after the emergency.  Maintain a record of the Incident or emergency.  Deal with press cautiously after consultation with the Top Management and Corporate Communications.

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN  Issue statements to employees and the public media through Corporate Communications.  After receiving the information about the injured person, if admitted, inform the Top Management about their progress and health. Incident Controller On hearing of an emergency, he will rush to the site of the occurrence & take overall charge & report to Main Controller. On arrival to the site of incident he will assess the scale of emergency & decide if major emergency exists & inform the Main Controller accordingly.  Gather the information from the Floor Marshal of the affected area / floor.  Inform and direct the Floor Marshals.  Direct all operations within the affected areas with the priorities for safe evacuation of personnel and then to minimize damage to the property & environment.  Provide advice & information to the trained fire fighters & the local fire service as and when they arrive.  Report on all significant developments to the Main Controller.  Responsible for preservation of evidence so as to facilitate any enquiry into the causes & circumstances, which caused /escalated the emergency.  Provide advice on possible effects on areas outside the premises.  Make on the spot investigation and report the same to the Main Controller.  Receive reports from Floor Marshal’s from assembly points & pass on the absentee information to the Main Controller.  Never allow any press personnel to take photographs and not allow them near the incident. If still insist, take permission of the Main Controller and decide on further course of action.  Never give any statement to the press personnel.  Ensure that the non-concerned personnel are evacuated from the scene of the emergency. Liaison Officer/ communication Officer  Will be stationed at the Emergency Control Centre i.e., Project office during the emergency.  Will undertake the instructions from the Main Controller.  Under the direction of the Main controller, handle police, press & other enquiries. Liaison with senior officials of Police, Fire Brigade, Medical & Directorate of Industrial Safety & Health & other government officials. Page 25

EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN  Communicate with officers of the public emergency services like Fire Brigade/ Ambulance/ Police as per the directives of Main Controller.  Give the information about number of visitors at site to the Main Controller.  Provide guidance to fire brigade on how to reach the project site.  Restrict / block all non-essential telephone calls.  In case of failure of telephone system arrange runners for effective communication between the Main controller and Incident Controller.  Update the Incident controller about arrival of fire brigade and ambulance services.  Never give any statement to the press personnel. Marshal  Should take directions from Incident Controller for immediate evacuation of personnel.  Be responsible for the head counts at the Assembly Point and pass on the information to the Incident Controller and Main Controller.  Inform the Incident Controller whether or not all the employees, contractors and visitors have reached the designated assembly point.  Without taking undue risk, should salvage important files and documents before leaving the floors.  Should provide directions for first aid and firefighting.  Never give any statement to the press personnel.

Fire marshal      

To lead the team to floor. Wait for the announcement/ instruction. Lead the occupants through the staircase/safe access to the assembly point. Fighting fire. Line the occupants up for the head count. Report status to Emergency Commander.



Assist in re-entry process.

First Aider    

Keep team advised of any injury/ serious injury of casualty. Assist in treatment of casualties & render first aid as required. Make arrangement for ambulance. Report status to Emergency Commander

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN 9.0

RECORDS AND REFERENCES As part of Emergency Preparedness & Response Plan, project generates and maintains certain records for references and review.       

List of Marshals – Area/ Contractor Wise List of Trained First Aiders First Aid Box Inventory Fire Extinguishers Inventory Emergency Equipment Inventory Mock Drill Report Emergency Contacts

10.0 EMERGENCY PREVENTION CONSIDERATION EARTHQUAKES Planning Consideration: 1. Assess your Project’s vulnerability to earthquakes. Ask local government agencies for seismic information for your area. 2. Have your Project inspected by a structural engineer. 3. Develop and prioritize strengthening measures. These may include: a. Adding steel bracing to frames b. Adding sheer walls to frames c. Strengthening columns and building foundations -Replacing unreinforced brick filler walls 4. Follow safety codes& building code when constructing a project or making renovations 5. Inspect non-structural systems such as air conditioning, communications and pollution control systems. Assess the potential for damage. 6. Prioritize measures to prevent damage Operational Consideration: 1. Inspect facility for any item that could fall, spill, break or move during an earthquake. Take steps to reduce these hazards/ aspects: a. Move large and heavy objects to lower shelves or the floor. b. Hang heavy items away from where people work. c. Secure shelves, filing cabinets, tall furniture, desktop equipment, computers, printers, copiers, and light fixtures. d. Secure fixed equipment and heavy machinery to the floor. Larger equipment can be placed on casters and attached to tethers, which attach to the wall. e. Add bracing to suspended ceilings, if necessary. f. Install safety glass where appropriate. -Secure large utility and process piping.

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN

2. 3. 4.

5.

g. Keep copies of design drawings of the facility to be used in assessing the facility’s safety after an earthquake. h. Review processes for handling and storing hazardous materials. Have incompatible chemicals stored separately. i. Check for earthquake insurance. Have WLL network Designate areas in the facility away from exterior walls and windows where occupants should gather after an earthquake if an evacuation is not necessary Conduct table top exercise and audits. Provide personnel with the following information: -In an earthquake, if indoor, stay there. Take cover under a sturdy piece of furniture or counter, or brace Check for transportation routes such as highways, bridges, overpasses, rail lines and airport runways for evacuation or rescue operation

FIRE Planning Consideration: 1. Sensitize your employees and workforce about fire safety: how to prevent fires in the workplace, how to contain a fire, how to evacuate the facility, where to report a fire. 2. Instruct personnel to use the stairs, not the elevators, in a fire. Instruct them to crawl on their hands and knees when escaping a hot or smoke-filled area. 3. Conduct evacuation drills. Post maps of evacuation routes in prominent places. Keep evacuation routes including stairways and doorways clear of debris. 4. Assign fire wardens for each area to monitor shutdown and evacuation procedures. 5. Establish procedures for the safe handling and storage of flammable liquids and gases. Establish procedures to prevent the accumulation of combustible materials. 6. Provide for the safe disposal of smoking materials. 7. Establish a preventive maintenance schedule to keep equipment operating safely. 8. Place fire extinguishers in appropriate locations. Train employees in use of fire extinguishers. 9. Install smoke detectors wherever feasible. Check smoke detectors once a month, and change batteries at least once a year. 10. Establish a system for warning personnel of a fire. Consider installing a fire alarm with automatic notification to the fire department. 11. Consider installing a sprinkler system, fire hoses and fire-resistant walls and doors. 12. Ensure that key personnel are familiar with all fire safety systems. 13. Identify and mark all utility shutoffs so that electrical power, gas or water can be shut off quickly by fire wardens or responding personnel. 14. Determine the level of response your facility will take if a fire occurs

FLOOD 1. Ask your local emergency management office whether your facility is located in a flood plain. Learn the history of flooding in your area. Learn the elevation of your facility in relation to streams, rivers and dams.

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN 2. Review the community’s emergency plan. Learn the community’s evacuation routes. Know where to find higher ground in case of a flood. 3. Establish warning and evacuation procedures for the facility. Make plans for assisting employees who may need transportation. 4. Inspect areas in your facility subject to flooding. Identify records and equipment that can be moved to a higher location. Make plans to move records and equipment in case of a flood. 5. Purchase a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Weather Radio with a warning alarm tone and battery backup. Listen for flood watches and warnings. 6. Flood Watch: Flooding is possible. Stay tuned to radio. Be prepared to evacuate. Tune to local radio and television stations for additional information. 7. Flood Warning: Flooding is already occurring or will occur soon. Take precautions at once. Be prepared to go to higher ground. If advised, evacuate immediately. 8. Consider the need for backup systems: a. Portable submersible pumps to remove flood water. b. Alternate power sources such as generators or gasoline-powered pumps. c. Battery-powered emergency lighting. 9. Ask your insurance carrier for information about flood insurance. Typical property and casualty insurance does not insure against flood loss. Consider the feasibility of mitigating loss from flood at your facility. 10. Here are three methods: a. Permanent measures are taken before a flood occurs and require no human intervention when flood waters rise. They include: i. Filling windows, doors or other openings with water-resistant materials such as concrete blocks or bricks. This approach assumes the structure is strong enough to withstand floodwaters. ii. Installing check valves to prevent water from coming in where utility and sewer lines enter the facility. iii. Reinforcing walls to resist water pressure. Sealing walls to prevent or reduce seepage. iv. Building watertight walls around equipment or work areas within the facility that are particularly susceptible to flood damage. v. Constructing floodwalls or levees outside the facility to keep flood waters away. vi. Elevating the facility on walls, columns or compacted fill. This approach is most applicable to new construction, though many types of buildings can be elevated. b. Contingent measures are taken before a flood but require some additional action when flooding occurs. These measures include: -Installing watertight barriers called flood shields to prevent the passage of water through doors, windows, ventilation shafts or other openings. -Installing permanent watertight doors. -Constructing movable floodwalls. -Installing permanent pumps to remove floodwaters. c. Emergency measures are generally less expensive than those listed above, require substantial advance warning and do not satisfy the minimum requirements for

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN watertight flood proofing as set forth by the National Flood Insurance Program. They include: d. Building walls with sandbags. -Constructing a double row of walls with boards and posts to create a “crib” and then filling the crib with soil. -Constructing a single wall by stacking small beams or planks on top of each other. TORNADO/ WINDSTORM 1. Ask the local emergency management office about the community’s tornado/windstorm warning system. 2. Purchase a National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Weather Radio with a warning alarm tone and battery backup. Listen for tornado/windstorm watches and warnings. 3. Tornado/windstorm Watch: Tornado/windstorms are likely. Be ready to take shelter. Stay tuned to radio and television stations for additional information. 4. Tornado/windstorm Warning: A tornado/windstorm has been sighted in the area or is indicated by radar. Take shelter immediately. 5. Establish procedures to inform personnel when tornado/windstorm warnings are posted. 6. Work with a structural engineer or architect to designate shelter areas in your facility. 7. Ask your local emergency management office or National Weather Service for guidance. Consider the amount of space you will need. Adults require about six square feet of space. 8. The best protection in a tornado/windstorm is usually an underground area. If an underground area is not available, consider: -Small interior rooms on the lowest floor and without windows. -Hallways on the lowest floor away from doors and windows. -Rooms constructed within reinforced concrete, brick or block with no windows and a heavy concrete floor or roof system overhead. 9. Protected areas away from doors and windows. Note: Auditoriums, cafeterias, and gymnasiums that are covered with a flat, wide-span roof are not considered safe. 10. Make plans for evacuating personnel away from lightweight modular offices or mobile homesize buildings. These structures offer no protection from tornado/windstorms. 11. Conduct tornado/windstorm drills. 12. Once in the shelter, personnel should protect their heads with their arms and crouch down.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

ACCIDENT/ INCIDENT Identify all the routine, non-routine activities, behaviour of personnel, machineries, and equipment’s used at project sites and conduct pro-active HIRAC and EIAC. Review the HIRAC and EIAC after every incident occurrence and change management. Implement operational control- Elimination, Substitution, Engineering, Administrative and PPE’s and review their adequacy and implementation. Review the root cause analysis of all incidents and implement CAPA. Close the N.C’s and observations identified during Internal EHS audit. Identify At Risk Behaviour and give immediate feedback to the Observe and target to reduce the At Risk Behaviour.

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EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS & RESPONSE PLAN 7. Sensitize the new joiners, employees, workforce and visitors through forums like EHS Induction, Tool Box Talk, Training, Mock drill, Table Top Exercise, quizzes, promotional activities, etc.

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