Introduction To Directional Drilling 5572381

Schlumberger Confidential

Introduction to Directional Drilling

Objectives At the end of this presentation, you should be able to:









Explain what’s directional drilling Explain different applications for directional drilling Identify all sections of a well profile Identify all types of well profile Identify build curves Explain all different types of deflection devices and its applications Understand the different methods SLB RSS tools use to steer the well

Slide 2 D&M Learning Centers

Schlumberger Confidential




What is Directional Drilling? The intentional deviation of a wellbore from the path it would naturally take

Schlumberger Confidential

Slide 3 D&M Learning Centers

Why Directional Drilling?
SideTrack


Inaccessible Locations Schlumberger Confidential

Slide 4 D&M Learning Centers

Why Directional Drilling?


Multiple Wells


Fault Control Schlumberger Confidential

Slide 5 D&M Learning Centers

Why Directional Drilling?


Multilaterals


Salt Domes Schlumberger Confidential

Slide 6 D&M Learning Centers

Why Directional Drilling?
Relief Well Schlumberger Confidential

Deepwater Horizon

Slide 7 D&M Learning Centers

Why Directional Drilling?
Extended Reach Drilling ( ERD ) Schlumberger Confidential

Total depth = 40,320 ft Horizontal Reach = 35,770 ft Al Shaheen Field - Qatar Slide 8 D&M Learning Centers

Getting to Target



To plan a well, the well planner needs:




Surface location where drilling will begin The target location where drilling will end The True Vertical Depth of the target.

Slide 9 D&M Learning Centers

Schlumberger Confidential




Follow a pre-determined well path Changes in direction and inclination are achieved using steerable systems Real-time data from MWD used to follow the well path

Well Profiles J

S

Horizontal

Slide 10 D&M Learning Centers

Schlumberger Confidential

Vertical

Build Curve Definitions Long:<8deg/100ft Medium:>8<30deg/100ft Short:>30deg/100ft (variations)

Schlumberger Confidential

Slide 11 D&M Learning Centers

Deflection Devices Tools & Techniques to deflect the course of the well in a controlled manner, overcoming “natural” tendencies





Kick-off, nudge (build angle from vertical to a desired direction) Trajectory correction (turn, build, drop to the desired trajectory) Sidetrack (deflect the well from it’s original course)

The following are deflection devices:





Jetting Whipstock Turbines/PDM Rotary Steerable

Slide 12 D&M Learning Centers

Schlumberger Confidential




Jetting BHA








Slide 13 D&M Learning Centers

Schlumberger Confidential




Used in soft formations Cost Effective One large bit nozzle oriented to the desired direction Wash a “pocket” in the formation Continue building with rotary BHA Can be used with MWD

Whip-Stock









Slide 14 D&M Learning Centers

Used in medium to hard formations Bit, NB Stab. pinned to whip and conveyed to bottom Tool Face oriented Whip is wedged on bottom and pin sheared Undersized pilot hole is drilled Mill and whip-stock retrieved. Run in with bit to continue drilling.

Schlumberger Confidential




Rotary Assemblies Rotary Assemblies can be designed to build, hold or drop inclination Factors which can affect the directional behavior of rotary assemblies include:










Gauge and placement of stabilizers Diameter and length of drill collars ( flexibility ) Weight -on-bit Rotary speed Bit type Formation anisotropy and dip angle of the bedding planes Formation hardness Flow rate

Slide 15 D&M Learning Centers

Schlumberger Confidential




Rotary Assemblies - Stabilizers Placement

Schlumberger Confidential

Slide 16 D&M Learning Centers

Turbines and PDM













Slide 17 D&M Learning Centers

Schlumberger Confidential




Hydraulic power to mechanic power driving the bit 3D control possible After kick-off, drill tangents, adjust trajectory without POOH Performance drilling Increase bit rpm without increasing drillstring rotation speed Reduces drillpipe and casing wear Increases ROP Makes long runs for extended interval drilling. Cost Effective Can be run in most drilling environments High temperature operations

PowerPak / PathFinder Mud Motors

The PDMs take their name from the fact that, ideally, the fluid cannot flow without rotation of the system.

Slide 18 D&M Learning Centers

Schlumberger Confidential

The Positive Displacement Motors (PDMs) use the reverse Moineau pump principle, based on the progressive cavities theory.

Neyrfor Turbodrill A turbine is a rotary engine that extracts (converts) mechanical energy from fluid flow (hydraulic energy) Power section Schlumberger Confidential

Intermediate stabilizer

Bearing section Box connection bit with integral turbine sleeve Rotors and stators

Bearing assembly

Lower bearing stabilizer Slide 19 D&M Learning Centers

Titanium flex shaft

Why Run a Rotary Steerable System


Overcome hole problems − Low effective ROP due to • Inability to slide • Maintaining orientation − Poor hole cleaning − Risk of sticking − Tortuous well profile

Slide 20 D&M Learning Centers

Schlumberger Confidential




More Performance drilling − Improves ROP − Minimize wiper trips − Increased hole quality, allowing improved and faster completions − Pushes the boundaries with respect to extended reach drilling

Why Run a Rotary Steerable System

Slide 21 D&M Learning Centers

Schlumberger Confidential

Smoother, in gauge borehole without the spiraling common with rotated bent housing reduces friction for additional reach and makes casing, wireline and completions operations easier.

Typical Slide / Rotate Profile Continuous Inc. Interpolated Inc.

Schlumberger Confidential

Continuous Azm. Interpolated Azm.

Slide 22 D&M Learning Centers

Rotary Steerable Profile Continuous Inc. Interpolated Inc. 60

45

4 .0 2 D L S 65

INCL (deg)

0 .2 9 D L S 35

75

80

in c l in a t io n

w ip e r trip

30

85

a z im u t h 290deg@ 20%

N

315deg@ 60%

288deg@ 100%

25 12000

90 12100

12200

12300

12400

12500 MD

12600

12700

12800

12900

13000

(ft)

Continuous Azm. Interpolated Azm.

Slide 23 D&M Learning Centers

<<>>

70

1 .8 3 D L S

Schlumberger Confidential

40

PowerDrive Rotary Steerable Systems

Schlumberger Confidential

Slide 24 D&M Learning Centers

PowerDrive Rotary Steerable Systems Performance drilling Reduced casing and drillstring wear Performance drilling on torque & RPM limited rigs Fast bit rotation and optimised bit performance Fully rotating system Downhole inclination and azimuth control Real Time Data Transmission with CLink

Slide 25 D&M Learning Centers

Schlumberger Confidential










Questions

Schlumberger Confidential

Slide 26 D&M Learning Centers