Pec (phil Elec. Code) (by Jvm) - Part-1

BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION

Philippine Electrical Code (Part-1) Jaime V. Mendoza, PEE, MTM Member Board of Electrical Engineering

Philippine Electrical Code

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Abstract Electrical Grounding is the most neglected subject by electricians, electrical inspectors, maintenance construction engineers, design engineers and many other members of the electrical industry in making electrical installations in the field, maintenance of factories, building or substations. Electrical Grounding is no big secret!!! It obeys the laws of electricity, and when examined piece-by piece, all elements fit together very nicely to form an effective grounding system. When grounding is improperly installed, the results can range from minor physical harm, costly damage to electrical facilities, or even to death to an individual. This unwanted harm and damages are caused by electric shock and electrical faults. Once recent problem connected with faulty grounding installations is the effect they have on microelectronic equipment such as computers, audio recording studio, etc.. Faulty electrical grounding results in what we called “dirty electricity”. The use of high-technology is not decreasing rather, it will continue to increase. Stable, clean electrical power is now requirement, anything less unsatisfactory.

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Philippine Electrical Code

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R. A. 7920  An Act For, A More Responsive and Comprehensive Regulation For the Practice, Licensing, and Registration of Electrical Engineers and Electricians.  Sec. 4 Powers and Duties of the Board  The Board shall exercise executive /administrative or quasi-legislative (rulemaking) or quasi-judicial (investigative) powers in carrying out the provisions of this Act. BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION

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Philippine Electrical Code

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Powers of the Board  Sec. 29. Revocation of Certificates of Registration and Suspension from the Practice of the Profession.  The Board shall have the power, upon proper notice and hearing, to revoke any certificate of registration of any registrant, to suspend him from the practice of the profession or to reprimand him for any specified in the preceding section, or for the use of perpetration of any fraud or deceit in obtaining a certificate of registration, or for gross negligence or incompetence or for unprofessional or dishonorable conduct, for violation of this Act, the rules and regulations and other policies of the Board and the Code of Professional Ethics.

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Philippine Electrical Code

5

Licensing  Definition – a permission granted by competent authority to engage in a practice of profession or business or in an activity.  A PEE who designed, signed, and sealed an electrical plans – means he/she guaranteed the safety of the electrical plans for 15 years in accordance to Civil Code.  PEE, REE or RME who signed as in-charge of installations also guaranteed the safety of the electrical installations for 15 years.  You can only guaranteed the safety of your electrical designs/installations if you are well-versed in the Philippine Electrical Code. “Licensing guarantees the safety of your works!!!!” BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION

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Philippine Electrical Code

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THE PHILIPPINE ELECTRICAL CODE KEY TO SAFETY AND FIRE PREVENTION PURPOSE OF PEC The primary objective of the code is to establish basic materials quality and electrical works standards for the safe use of electricity for light, heat, power, communications, signaling and for other purposes. “Practical safeguarding of persons and property from hazards arising from the use of electricity”

COMPLIANCE TO THE PEC WILL ENSURE SAFETY AND PREVENT ELECTRICAL FIRES BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION

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Philippine Electrical Code

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Components that Create a Fire or Explosion

In the Installation Rules , one element of the Triangle of Fire is removed to make the installation safe. BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION

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Philippine Electrical Code

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The National Electrical Code  The first documented case of a Code as a requirement of rules was published on 16th Nov. 1881 entitled “The Dangers of Electric Lighting”.  The first NEC was developed in 1897, eighteen after the invention of incandescent light bulb by Thomas A. Edison.  Since 1911, the NFPA of Quincy, Massachussets, has been responsible for the maintenance and publication of the NEC.  Regularly revised (every three years) to reflect the evolution of products, materials, and installation techniques.  21 Separate Committee, each consisting of 15-20 persons. Members of each committee meet several times, discuss proposed changes, accepting some and rejecting others, and rewrite (as required) the sections of the Code that were assigned to their committee. BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION

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Philippine Electrical Code

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THE PHILIPPINE ELECTRICAL CODE The PEC is a safety standard, NOT a design guide. Electrical designs must comply with the requirements of PEC to ensure safety. Energy management, maintenance, and power quality issues aren’t within the scope of the PEC. Consideration should be given for future expansion of electrical systems but this is not a Code requirement. BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION

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Philippine Electrical Code

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THE PHILIPPINE ELECTRICAL CODE CLASSIFICATION OF CODE RULES 1. Wiring Design Rules 2. Installation Rules 3. Manufacturing Rules

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THE PHILIPPINE ELECTRICAL CODE CLASSIFICATION OF CODE RULES Wiring design rules used to determine sizes and rating of circuit conductors and devices. Example: 1. Branch circuit conductors supplying a single motor shall have an ampacity not less than 125% of the full-load current. Section 4.30.2.2 2. The disconnecting means for motor circuits shall have an ampere rating of at least 115% of the fullload current rating of the motor. Section 4.30.10.10(a)

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THE PHILIPPINE ELECTRICAL CODE CLASSIFICATION OF CODE RULES Installation rules Example: 1. A disconnecting means shall be located within sight from the motor controller. Section 4.30.102 2. In class II Division I Locations, motors, generators, and other rotating electric machinery shall be dust ignition proof or totally enclosed pipe ventilated and shall be approved for class II locations. Sections 5.02.8

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THE PHILIPPINE ELECTRICAL CODE CLASSIFICATION OF CODE RULES Manufacturing rules Example: Section 4.30.1.7 A motor shall be marked with the following information: 1) Manufacturer’s Name 2) Rated Volts and Full-load Amperes 3) Rated Frequency and Number of Phases, if an alternating current motor, etc. 4) Rated full-load speed

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14

The Philippine Electrical Code

Various Categories of the Code Rules which apply in a Motor and the Circuits BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION

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Accessible, Readily Accessible, Readily

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Accessible, Readily

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Overcurrent

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Service Conductors

Connection point

Service Conductors – The conductors from the service point to the service disconnecting means. Service Drop – The overhead service conductors from the last pole or other aerial support to and including the splices, if any, connecting to the service-entrance conductors at the building or other structure. BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION

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Service Lateral

Underground systems showing service laterals run from a pole and from a transformer. BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION

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Service Point

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Boundary: PEC 1 and PEC 2

Service Point

The PEC 1 does NOT apply to service drop or service lateral conductors under the exclusive control of the electric utility.

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Wiring Methods

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Wiring Methods

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Wiring Methods

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Unused Raceway and Cable Openings

Unused cable or raceway openings must be closed with a fitting that provides equivalent protection. BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION

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Philippine Electrical Code

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Unused Openings

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Integrity of Electrical Equipment

Internal parts of electrical equipment must be covered to avoid damage from paint or other substances. BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION

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Deteriorating Agents

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Short-Circuit Current Rating

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Conductor Termination

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Conductor Termination

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Conductor Termination

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Conductor Termination

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34

Conductor Splicing

Conductors must be spliced by a listing splicing device and they are NOT required to be twisted together prior to the installation of a twist-on wire connector. BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION

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Philippine Electrical Code

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Conductor Sizing

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Receptacles  General Receptacle Placement -210.52(A)

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Philippine Electrical Code

37

Receptacles  Maximum Distance to a Receptacle 210.52(A)(1)

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Receptacles  Wall Spaces 600 mm (2 ft) in Width210.52(A)(2)(1)

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39

Receptacles  Space Measured Around Corners 210.52(A)(1) & 210.52(A)(2)(1)

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40

Receptacles  Fixed Panels 210.52(A)(2)(2) & 210.52(A)(1)

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Receptacles  Receptacle placement in a kitchen

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42

Electric Shock

Human completing the path for current the earth

Human in parallel with equipment grounding conductor during ground fault

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43

Electric Shock  Electric Shock Severity 1. Path of Current through Body 2. Length of Time Current Flows 3. Amount of Current through Body

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Effects of AC Electric Shock

ELCB!!!

Level (in milliamperes) of current through the body BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION

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Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter  GFCI – A device intended for the protection of personnel that functions to deenergize a circuit or portion thereof within an established period of time when a current to ground exceeds the values established for a device.  The GCFI does not protect someone against receiving a electrical shock, but it does limit the time hazards exists. Hazard exist only during period of time fault is there.

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Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter

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Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter

240 - V

240 V – Line Source

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48

Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter

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49

Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter

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Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter

A GFCI is designed to protect persons against electric shock. It operates on the principles of monitoring the unbalanced current Between the ungrounded and the grounded neutral conductor. BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION

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51

Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter

GCFI CAN ELIMINATE THIS! BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION

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GFCI Protection for Personnel 1. Dwelling Bathroom Receptacle

and /or 250 V

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GFCI Protection for Personnel 2. Dwelling Garage Receptacle

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GFCI Protection for Personnel 2. Dwelling Garage Receptacle

All 15 and 20 A, 125/250 V receptacles in accessory buildings and similar work areas must be GFCI protected. BOARD OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING PROFESSIONAL REGULATION COMMISSION

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GFCI Protection for Personnel 3. Dwelling Outdoor Receptacle

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GFCI Protection for Personnel 4. Dwelling Basement Receptacle

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