Power Management System By Abb

ABB AS - 1 2007

Power Management System for Industrial Plants

ABB

IndustrialIT for PMS Introduction Electrical Process System configuration Functionality PMS References Benefits

Tasc of Power Management Systems

ABB AS - 3

Avoiding blackouts in industrial plants! 

Power Sharing



Load Shedding

ABB

ABB AS - 4

Operational Drivers for IndustrialIT for PMS Several Generators Power Sharing with other plants/grids

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Power Control

Critical Loads Limited In-plant Generation Insufficient reliability of grid supply

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Load Shedding

Generator Modes and Operation Transformer Control and Monitoring Circuit Breaker Operation

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Object Control

Connection to other plants/grids Bus-Tie operation

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Synchronization

ABB

Why ABB IndustrialIT for PMS?    

  

ABB AS - 5



In-depth knowledge of the electrical process 20 years experience in PMS implementations across the world (green-field and brown-field plants) Standard software, well documented, tested, proven technology Fast Response Time for Load Shedding and Power Control High Resolution and Accuracy of Sequence of Event recording Comply to class 3 EMC immunity Single responsibility: One supplier for PMS integrated with switchgear, protection, governor, excitation, transformer, tapchanger, Motor Control Centre, Variable Speed Drive, etc. Experience with EPC’s like: ABB Lummus, Bechtel, Chiyoda, Fluor Daniel, Foster Wheeler, JGC, Kellogg, Larson & Tubro, Mitsubisi, Snamprogetti, Technip, Toyo, Toshiba, etc.

ABB

Functionality Power Management Systems 

Load Shedding



Active and Reactive Power Control



Supervision, Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA):

ABB AS - 6





Generator and Turbine

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Transformer and Tapchanger



Circuitbreaker, Disconnector and Earthing switches



Motor

Synchronization

ABB

ABB AS - 7

Different names for the same system 

PMS :



ENMC : Electrical Network Monitoring and Control system



ELICS : ELectrical Integrated Control System



PDCS : Power Distribution and Control System



LMS :

Load Management System



ECS :

Electrical Control System



etc.

Power Management System

ABB

Information Enabled Product . . .

Drivers

=

Fonts

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Utilities

ABB

Object approach Technical Spec.

Mech. Drawing

Elec. Diagram

Simulation Model

Control Program

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Test Report

ABB

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The global standard common for IEC and ANSI ...

ABB

800xA architecture for Power Management System Plant & Enterprise Management Systems Remote Users TCP/IP Network

Operator Station

Server

Engineering Station

Control Network

Router

DCS

AC800M Controller

ProfiNet IO

IEC 61850

MV

LV M

M

M

M

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G

Substation 1

Substation 2

Substation Z

Substation N

ABB

ControlIT

ControlIT AC 800M Hardware

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

AC 800M 

Built in redundant Ethernet



Very low power consumption



Communication & fieldbus interfaces



Hot swap of communication- and I/O modules



Local and remote I/O options



Industry quality hardware with excellent EMC and MTBF properties

ABB

Functionality IndustrialIT for PMS 

Load Shedding

?

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With Without Load Load Shedding Shedding

ABB

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Load Shedding: The types 

Fast Load Shedding on Loss of Power Resources



Load Shedding on Frequency Drop



Slow Load Shedding on Overload



Slow Load Shedding for Peak Shaving



Manual Load Shedding

ABB

Load Shedding: Keywords 

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Fast  Exact  Flexible  Co-ordinated  Deterministic  Security and Reliability  Accurate Event Logging  Operator Guidance  Independent Back-up System  (Click here for details)

ABB

ABB’s starting-point for Load Shedding

M1

15MW

20MW

G1

G2

M2

ABB AS - 16

9MW 6MW (5) (3)

M3

M4

1MW 20MW (1) (3)

30MW

M5

M6



Secure electrical power to critical loads



Minimal disturbance to plant operation



No spurious operation

M7

10MW 7MW 12MW (2) (4) (5)

ABB

Contingency Load Shedding 33 kV level (back-up)

G

G

G

G

G

M

6 kV levelG (back-up) M

G

M

G

G

M

M

M

M

G

M

M

M

400 V level G

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M

M

M

G

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

G

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

M

ABB

M

Fast Load Shedding – Required data Substation 1 G

G

G

G

G

G

33 kV M

G

G

M

Substation 2

G

G

6 kV M

M

M

BLUE bays (Critical Signals): CB position 5-10 ms.

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Power Flow

1 s.

Substation N 6 kV

M

M

M

M

M

RED bays (Load Shed Groups): Open Command 5-10 ms. CB position 1 s. Power Flow 1 s.

ABB

Fast Load Shedding – Busbar Load Tables 16 MW

16 MW

G1

G2

M1

M5

M2

M4

M6

2MW 2MW 5MW 5MW (2) (6) (5) (1)

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M3

M7 5MW 5MW (3) (7)

M8

2MW 2MW (4) (8)

Busbar Left 1. 0 MW 2. 2 MW 3. 2 MW 4. 2 MW 5. 7 MW 6. 9 MW 7. 9 MW 8. 9 MW

Busbar Right 1. 0 MW 2. 0 MW 3. 5 MW 4. 5 MW 5. 5 MW 6. 5 MW 7. 10 MW 8. 12 MW

ABB

Fast Load Shedding – Contingency Load Table 16 MW

16 MW

G1

G2

M1

M5

M2

M3

M4

M6

2MW 2MW 5MW 5MW (2) (6) (5) (1)

M7 5MW 5MW (3) (7)

M8

2MW 2MW (4) (8)

Busbar L + Busbar R = 1. 0 MW 0 MW 2. 2 MW 0 MW 3. 2 MW 5 MW 4. 2 MW 5 MW 5. 7 MW 5 MW 6. 9 MW 5 MW 7. 9 MW 10 MW 8. 9 MW 12 MW

Cont. 1 0 MW 2 MW 7 MW 7 MW 12 MW 14 MW 19 MW 21 MW

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PInhibit = PGeneration – PLoads = 32 – 21 = 11 MW

ABB

Fast Load Shedding – Trip of Generator 2 16 MW

16 MW

G1

G2

M1

M5

M2

M4

M6

2MW 2MW 5MW 5MW (2) (6) (5) (1)

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M3

Power Balance:

M7 5MW 5MW (3) (7)

M8



Σ PGen + PSR ≥ Σ PLoad + PInhibit



PSR = 5 MW



16 + 5 ≥ 21 + 11

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21 ≥ 32  Shed 11 MW



Check Table  Shed ≤ Prio 5



Shed M1, M3 and M5

2MW 2MW (4) (8)

ABB

Display Load Shedding SLD (before) 5.7 MW

Generator trip

7.2 MW 1.5 MW 50.12. Hz

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3.3 kV

MW

2.2

MW

1.8

1.8 MW

2.1 MW

ABB

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ABB

Display Load Shedding SLD (after) 3.9

MW

4.8 MW 1.5 MW 50.12. Hz

3.3 kV

MW

0.0

MW

1.8 MW

1.8

2.1 MW

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Ethernet TCP/IP

ABB

Display Load Shedding SLD (after) 3.9

MW

4.8 MW 1.5 MW 50.12. Hz

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3.3 kV

MW

0.0

MW

1.8

1.8 MW

2.1 MW

ABB

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Display Accumulated LoadShed table

ABB

IT for Functionality Industrial PMS Display Generator Capability Diagram 

Load Shedding



Active and Reactive Power Control

P Rotor Instability Line

Maximum Excitation (Rotor Heating) Turbine Maximum

MVA-circle (Stator Heating)

Minimum Minimum PF-Leading Excitation Minimum PF-lagging Operating Minimum

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Q-Lead

Q-Lag

ABB

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ABB

Turbine Control 

Primary Turbine Controller 

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

Droop or isochronous

PMS provides: 

Manual control (Droop)



Manual MW setpoint



Automatic frequency control



Automatic setpoint control (MW sharing)



Automatic mode change: 

CB trip



Turbine trip etc.

ABB

Generator Control 

Primary AVR: 

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

Droop or voltage control

PMS provides: 

Manual control (Droop)



Manual setpoint control (setpoint is PF)



Automatic Voltage Control (AVR receives raise/lower from PMS)



Automatic setpoint control (MVar sharing)

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Automatic mode change: 

CB trip

ABB

Active and Reactive Power Control 





In island operation: 

Maintain system frequency



Maintain system voltage

Connected to grid: 

Control active power exchange



Control re-active power exchange

Share active and reactive power amongst the machines 

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

Participation factors



Efficient Power Generation optimization



Spinning Reserve optimization



Standby optimization



NOx constraints

P

Objectives Q-Lead



Coordinated control of power generation



Achieve stable operation

Q-Lag

ABB

Generator Control 5.7 MW 7.2 MW 1.5 MW 50.12. Hz 3.3 kV

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1.6

MW

2.2

MW

1.8 MW

1.8

2.1 MW

3.3 3.3 50.0 50.0 2.2 2.2 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 120.0 120.0 20.0 20.0

ABB

Integration with Protection & Control Units

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 

Protection Measuring of U,I,E, calculation of P & Q



Monitoring & Control

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Interlockings

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Alarm annunciation

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Event Time Tagging

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Disturbance Recording



Local storage of trip-events



Communication to PMS

ABB

ABB AS - 34

Synchronisation 

Automatic Synchronisation



Manual Synchronisation



Adjust voltage magnitude



Adjust voltage frequency



Adjust voltage angle



Rough adjustments by PMS



Fine tuning by a Synchroniser



Close the breaker by the Synchoniser

ABB

Industrial plants / complexes / platforms Customer’s needs 

Reliable Electrical Power.



Stable operation to avoid blackouts.

ABB’s response 

Power Management system including  Load Sheding system based on dynamic fast loadbalance  Power Control.

ABB AS - 36

Customer’s benefits 

No more blackouts due to trip chain of own generation units.



Reduced consumption electrical power from utility company due to better inhouse generation control. N+1 purpose.

ABB

QatarGas II LNG Customer’s needs 

Experienced PMS supplier to be able to cope with new concept for LNG Compressor drives systems

ABB’s response

ABB AS - 37



Intelligent Power Management System controlling: 3* STG’s (each 44 MW) 1* GTG (33 MW) 6* VFD/GTG (each 45 MW) including: * NOx constrains considerations * Power flow limitations to QG 1 and QG 3 & 4 * Contingency Load Shedding.

Customer’s benefits 

Reliable operation and avoiding black-outs.

ABB

Malaysia MLNG, Petronas/Shell Customer’s needs 

Extension of Power Distribution System with 100 MW to 300 MW for two extra LNG trains

ABB’s response 

Intelligent Power Management System including Load Shedding and Power Control



Is-limiters between the three 33 kV substations (triangle configuration)

ABB bv - 60

ABB AS - 38

Customer’s benefits

 



No need for a 132 kV substation including six 132/33 kV Power Transformers



Reliable operation and avoiding black-outs.

ABB

Named Project References HAR, refinery in Greece Shell Pernis refinery in the Netherlands Shell BLNG in Brunei Shell PDO in Oman ThaiOil, ThaiLube, RRC refineries in Thailand La Roche, CHP in UK

ABB AS - 39

Petrobras: REPAR, REDUC, RLAM refineries in Brazil Reliance: Hazira, Jamnagar & Haldia refineries in India

AFPC, Omar refinery in Syria ABF, Petronas MLNG Satu, Dua & Tiga in Malaysia StatOil Gullfaks, LNG Hammersfest & BP Amoco Valhall QatarGas II, III & IV, PS2 & PS3 in Qatar

ABB

ABB AS - 40

Named Customer References

ABB

ABB PMS allows you to: 



Avoid black-outs (up to 500 kUSD / hour) 

Power control including voltage control, frequency control, sharing power among generators and tie-line(s).



High Speed Contingency Load Shedding (< 100 ms.)

Reduce electricity costs FEEDER TERMINAL

ABB Network Partner

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Minimize operational costs    

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Decreased number of operators Event driven maintenance Transformer Overload Management Single Window concept

ABB Transmit Oy Network Partner

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Uaux = 80...2 65 Vdc/ac

Ion = 1/5 A (Io)

1MRS xxxxxx

fn = 50 Hz

Un = 100/110 V (U)

98 15 0

In = 1/5 A (I)

Uon = 100/110 V (Uo)

9 50 9

Reduce investment costs The total switched-off In case of a accumulated shortage of electrical power, 

ABB AS - 41

REF541

Peak-shaving Re-active Power Control & Sharing



Minimized cabling and engineering The Optimizing Power shortcurrents Human Control, the Machine stability by Standby a Interfaces circuitbreaker of the Optimization, operation for all or the of secure the available power to critical loads Optimized network design

n+1 Limit electrical theswitching Criteria, electrical electrical the sub-systems number SCADA, generationimport of none generator etc. during canare and bepeak performed integrated distribution starts and by in Serial by interfaces off the with protection important &time control loads No need for big oversizing primary equipment the Maintaining the are system reduce Energy a spaghetti network trigger and peak adynamic good not for based ofwiring maintenance by aofPower plant the charges System Factor units according avoid toManagement load &operators cable tables ducts

ABB