Quartz School For Well Site Supervisors: 8. Sub Sea Well Head Installations

Quartz8. School for Well Supervisors Sub Sea Well HeadSite Installations Module – 12 Well Completions Schlumberger Private

Section – 8 Sub Sea Well Heads

Quartz School. Module 12: Well Completions / Section 8: Sub Sea Well Head Installations 1/22

8. Sub Sea Well Head Installations Contents y Offshore Operations Evolution y Why go Subsea? Schlumberger Private

y Subsea Development Options y Subsea System Overview y Technical Challenges y Schlumberger Subsea y SRC Quartz School. Module 12: Well Completions / Section 8: Sub Sea Well Head Installations 2/22

8. Sub Sea Well Head Installations Offshore Operations Evolution Offshore

Deepwater

Subsea

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8. Sub Sea Well Head Installations Deepwater Potential US Reserves Lower 48 Alaska

4.2

Billions of bbls

Alaska Peak

3.6

Horizontal Wells

3.0

Added 77-97 35.9 8.8 Schlumberger Private

Peak U.S. Production

1977 23.4 8.4 Modeled Deepwater Production Impact

2.4 Total U.S. Lower 48

1.8 1949

GOM: 20-46 Billion bbls Global: 200+ Billion bbls

1960

1980

2000

2020

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8. Sub Sea Well Head Installations Subsea Market Total Worldwide Subsea Completions

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2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 1960- 1965- 1970- 1975- 1980- 1985- 1990- 1995- 20001965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

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8. Sub Sea Well Head Installations Subsea Development Options

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8. Sub Sea Well Head Installations Deepwater Development Options

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Tension Leg Platform (TLP) Tanker FPSO

Semi submersible FPS Spar

Fixed Platform Subsea Tieback

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8. Sub Sea Well Head Installations Deepwater Development Options Fixed Platforms

Current Depth

Tension Leg Platforms

Potential Depth Schlumberger Private

Tanker FPSO

Semisub FPS

SPAR

Subsea Tieback 0

3000

6000

9000

Water Depth ft Quartz School. Module 12: Well Completions / Section 8: Sub Sea Well Head Installations 8/22

8. Sub Sea Well Head Installations Subsea System Overview

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y Wells y Subsea Production trees y Tiebacks y Templates y Manifolds y Pipelines y Control Systems y Umbilical y Control Pods y Pumps y Separators Quartz School. Module 12: Well Completions / Section 8: Sub Sea Well Head Installations 9/22

8. Sub Sea Well Head Installations Sub Sea Tree Design Options Conventional (Concentric) Tree

Horizontal (Spool) Tree Schlumberger Private

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8. Sub Sea Well Head Installations Conventional Trees y Tubing Hanger installed in the y

y Surface Flow Tree y Swivel y Coiled Tubing Lifting Frame

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y

Wellhead Flow Control valves in line with tubing Consist of three sub-systems 1. Surface Equipment

2. Riser System

y Dual bore risers and monobosre risers

3. Subsea Equipment

y Lower Riser Package y Emergency Disconnect Package

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8. Sub Sea Well Head Installations Horizontal Trees y Tubing Hanger is landed in the

y

y y y

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y

tree Flow Control valves are outside of the tubing flow path Configuration allows for full bore access to tubing hanger y Well intervention without disturbing tree, flow line connections or umbilical Reduce cost and tree size Allows for 7” production tubing Higher production per tree

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8. Sub Sea Well Head Installations Tiebacks y Simple wellhead / pipeline

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y

configurations are often not practical y Water depth y Environment Subsea Solution – Tiebacks y Multiple wellheads connected to a manifold by flowlines y Production connected to

y Floating Production y y

Systems Neighboring Platforms Onshore facilities

y Record distance 68 miles (GOM Mensa field) Quartz School. Module 12: Well Completions / Section 8: Sub Sea Well Head Installations 13/22

8. Sub Sea Well Head Installations Templates and Manifolds Templates y Provide support for manifolds

y Interface between the production

pipeline, flow line and the well. and wells Can be deployed in 2500 m water y Collect and distribute produced fluids from individual subsea wells depth

y Inject gas, inject chemicals and control y

fluids. Distribute the electrical and hydraulic systems.

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y

Manifolds

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8. Sub Sea Well Head Installations Control Systems y Downhole valves, valves on tree, flow lines and manifolds are controlled hydraulically from surface

Control Modules (SCM) with Umbilical

y Dual redundant, electro-hydraulic

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y Topside controls linked to Subsea

computerized systems: y Control Valves y Monitor instruments y Send data (P, T, Flow Control and Sand detection) Quartz School. Module 12: Well Completions / Section 8: Sub Sea Well Head Installations 15/22

8. Sub Sea Well Head Installations Subsea Challenges y Zero tolerance for compromising y

y

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y

safety Complexity of Offshore environment y Well Accessibility y Weather, Currents Technology y Hydrates, Scales, Corrosion y Multi-zone production y Hostile, unconsolidated y Extended Reach operations Risks y Little previous experience y Financial Exposure

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8. Sub Sea Well Head Installations Schlumberger Subsea y Johnston introduced Subsea Safety Trees to the industry in 1974. y The E-Z TREE allowed floating drilling vessel to quickly leave

y In Q3 1996, SBC (Subsea Business Center) was formed in

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location for the DST Exploration Market. y The latest product is now called SenTREE 3.

Aberdeen to Develop Subsea Well Control Systems for Development Wells and Intervention Market. y Responsible for Marketing and System Level Development.

y SRC (then SPT) was responsible for Development and Manufacturing of the critical Subsea Products. Quartz School. Module 12: Well Completions / Section 8: Sub Sea Well Head Installations 17/22

8. Sub Sea Well Head Installations Schlumberger Subsea • Core competency at the moment y Completion Installations y Exploration testing using the

y

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y

SenTree3 Well Control and Intervention using the SenTREE 7 systems Light Weight Intervention

y The Commander Telemetry presents opportunities for Subsea Power and Control Systems

y Schlumberger’s Subsea role is best described with the name: y Subsea Completion Management Quartz School. Module 12: Well Completions / Section 8: Sub Sea Well Head Installations 18/22

8. Sub Sea Well Head Installations Providing Access y Beyond 4000 ft, floating installations y

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y

are kept on station using DP technology Requires different techniques to provide access, well shut-in and emergency disconnects y Primary Subsea Safety System: y Isolates landing string from completion y Rapid Disconnect y Prevents Discharge y Allows Reconnection Two Systems y SenTree 3 y SenTREE 7 Quartz School. Module 12: Well Completions / Section 8: Sub Sea Well Head Installations

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8. Sub Sea Well Head Installations SenTREE 7 primary functions Applications y Testing y Installing Completion y Well Intervention

y Shut-in the well with two y y y

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It is the primary subsea safety device and provides fast acting and reliable means to: barriers Prevent discharge of its contents into the riser Disconnect the landing string from the test string. Allows Chemicals to be pumped into the landing string.

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8. Sub Sea Well Head Installations SenTREE 7 Operation

Operational Overview

Ball Valve

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Emergency Disconnect

Latch

Flapper Valve

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8. Sub Sea Well Head Installations Subsea Technology at SRC y SenTREE 7 System

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y y

Engineering y Subsea Accumulator Module - SAM y Subsea Control Module SCM y Subsea Spanner Joint y Ball, Retainer and Flapper Valves y Deep Water Control System - DWCS Building of SenTREE 7 Systems Acceptance and System Integration Tests Quartz School. Module 12: Well Completions / Section 8: Sub Sea Well Head Installations

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