Work Breakdown
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Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) Farrokh Alemi, Ph.D. Lee Baliton
Why break up?
Improve work management Understand resource and time constraints Set milestones for progress
Course on Project Management
See alternative sequencing of components of work
Definition of WBS
Breaks the project scope Inter-related Discrete tasks
Course on Project Management
Hierarchical tree structure
Definition of WBS
Breaks the project Clear scopestarts Inter-related task Discrete tasks
Course on Project Management
and ends
Hierarchical tree structure
Definition of WBS Four possible Breaks the project scope relationship Inter-related s Discrete tasks
Course on Project Management
Hierarchical tree structure
Definition of WBS Four possible Breaks the project scope relationship Inter-related s Discrete tasks
Hierarchical tree structure
1. Finish to Start: Start second task after first one is finished
Course on Project Management
Definition of WBS Four possible Breaks the project scope relationship Inter-related s Discrete tasks
Hierarchical tree structure
1. Finish to Start 2. Start to Start: Start second task same time as first one
Course on Project Management
Definition of WBS Four possible Breaks the project scope relationship Inter-related s Discrete tasks
Hierarchical tree structure 1. Finish to Start 2. Start to Start 3. Finish to Finish: Start second task so both finish at same time
Course on Project Management
Definition of WBS Four possible Breaks the project scope relationship Inter-related s Discrete tasks
Hierarchical tree structure 1. 2. 3. 4.
Course on Project Management
Finish to Start Start to Start Finish to Finish Start to Finish: Second task cannot finish before first one starts
Definition of Lower WBSlevel tasks inherit the relationships Breaks the project scope among higher Inter-related task level tasks Discrete tasks
Course on Project Management
Hierarchical tree structure
Hierarchy of Activities Level 1: The root of the tree is the project name
Course on Project Management
A
Hierarchy of Activities EHR implementation
A
Course on Project Management
Hierarchy of Activities EHR implementation
A
Level 2: Components of the entire project
Course on Project Management
B
C
D
Hierarchy of Activities EHR implementation
A Purchase system
B
C
Configure system
Course on Project Management
D
Train users
Hierarchy of Activities EHR implementation
A Purchase system
Level 3: Each level 2 tasks is broken into its subcomponents
Course on Project Management
B
C
D
Train users
Configure system E
F
Hierarchy of Activities EHR implementation
A Purchase system
B
C
D
Train users
Configure system E Purchase training material
Course on Project Management
F Detail employees
Hierarchy of Activities EHR implementation
A Purchase system
B
C
D
Train users
Configure system F
Detail employees
E Purchase training material Course on Project Management
Hierarchy of Activities EHR implementation
A Purchase system
B
C
D
Train users
Configure system F
Detail employees
E Purchase training material Course on Project Management
Hierarchy of Activities EHR implementation
A
Train users
Course on Project Management
F
Detail employees
E
Purchase training material
D
Configure system
C
Purchase system
B
Approaches to Developing Work Breakdown
Course on Project Management
Guidelines Analogy Bottom up Mind mapping
Approaches to Developing Work Breakdown
Course on Project Management
Guidelines Analogy Bottom up Mind mapping
Approaches to Developing Work Breakdown
Course on Project Management
Guidelines Analogy Bottom up Mind mapping
Hierarchy of Activities EHR implementation
A
Train users
Course on Project Management
F
Detail employees
E
Purchase training material
D
Configure system
C
Purchase system
B
Hierarchy of Activities EHR implementation
A
Train users
Course on Project Management
D
Configure system
C
Purchase system
B
F
Detail employees
E
Purchase training material
Approaches to Developing Work Breakdown
Course on Project Management
Guidelines Analogy Bottom up Mind mapping
Task
Course on Project Management
Mutually exclusive Exhaustive
Task
Mutually exclusive Exhaustive
EHR implementation A
Purchase of systems and organizing training may not be mutually exclusive if the purchase includes training
Course on Project Management
D
Train users
C
Configure system
B
Purchase system
Task
Course on Project Management
Mutually exclusive Exhaustive
Breadth .vs. Depth
Focus on breadth Let details emerge Progressive elaboration Creativity
Course on Project Management
Breadth .vs. Depth
Focus on breadth Let details emerge Progressive elaboration Creativity
Course on Project Management
Numbering Convention EHR implementation
A Train (detail) users
Course on Project Management
D
Configure system
C
Purchase system
B
E
1.1.2 Purchase training material
Numbering Convention EHR implementation
A Train (detail) users
Course on Project Management
D
Configure system
C
Purchase system
B
E
1.1.2 Purchase training material
Numbering Convention EHR implementation
A Train (detail) users
Course on Project Management
D
Configure system
C
Purchase system
B
E
1.1.2 Purchase training material
Numbering Convention EHR implementation
A Train (detail) users
Course on Project Management
D
Configure system
C
Purchase system
B
E
1.1.2 Purchase training material
Work Breakdown Is Not …
Course on Project Management
We need to clarify some common mistakes …
A Task Is …
Course on Project Management
Not a goal
A Task Is …
Course on Project Management
Not a goal Not a process
Work Breakdown Is …
Course on Project Management
Not an exhaustive list of work
Work Breakdown Is …
Course on Project Management
Not an exhaustive list of work Not a chronology
Work Breakdown Is …
Course on Project Management
Not an exhaustive list of work Not a chronology Not an organization structure
Work Breakdown Is …
Course on Project Management
Not an exhaustive list of work Not a chronology Not an organization structure Not to be changed often
Good Work Breakdowns
Course on Project Management
Easy to understand Corresponds to job descriptions Not too detailed Preserve the most important relationships among the tasks Does not add to length of project
Take Home Message Think Carefully through Work Breakdown Structure
Why break up?
Improve work management Understand resource and time constraints Set milestones for progress
Course on Project Management
See alternative sequencing of components of work
Definition of WBS
Breaks the project scope Inter-related Discrete tasks
Course on Project Management
Hierarchical tree structure
Definition of WBS
Breaks the project Clear scopestarts Inter-related task Discrete tasks
Course on Project Management
and ends
Hierarchical tree structure
Definition of WBS Four possible Breaks the project scope relationship Inter-related s Discrete tasks
Course on Project Management
Hierarchical tree structure
Definition of WBS Four possible Breaks the project scope relationship Inter-related s Discrete tasks
Hierarchical tree structure
1. Finish to Start: Start second task after first one is finished
Course on Project Management
Definition of WBS Four possible Breaks the project scope relationship Inter-related s Discrete tasks
Hierarchical tree structure
1. Finish to Start 2. Start to Start: Start second task same time as first one
Course on Project Management
Definition of WBS Four possible Breaks the project scope relationship Inter-related s Discrete tasks
Hierarchical tree structure 1. Finish to Start 2. Start to Start 3. Finish to Finish: Start second task so both finish at same time
Course on Project Management
Definition of WBS Four possible Breaks the project scope relationship Inter-related s Discrete tasks
Hierarchical tree structure 1. 2. 3. 4.
Course on Project Management
Finish to Start Start to Start Finish to Finish Start to Finish: Second task cannot finish before first one starts
Definition of Lower WBSlevel tasks inherit the relationships Breaks the project scope among higher Inter-related task level tasks Discrete tasks
Course on Project Management
Hierarchical tree structure
Hierarchy of Activities Level 1: The root of the tree is the project name
Course on Project Management
A
Hierarchy of Activities EHR implementation
A
Course on Project Management
Hierarchy of Activities EHR implementation
A
Level 2: Components of the entire project
Course on Project Management
B
C
D
Hierarchy of Activities EHR implementation
A Purchase system
B
C
Configure system
Course on Project Management
D
Train users
Hierarchy of Activities EHR implementation
A Purchase system
Level 3: Each level 2 tasks is broken into its subcomponents
Course on Project Management
B
C
D
Train users
Configure system E
F
Hierarchy of Activities EHR implementation
A Purchase system
B
C
D
Train users
Configure system E Purchase training material
Course on Project Management
F Detail employees
Hierarchy of Activities EHR implementation
A Purchase system
B
C
D
Train users
Configure system F
Detail employees
E Purchase training material Course on Project Management
Hierarchy of Activities EHR implementation
A Purchase system
B
C
D
Train users
Configure system F
Detail employees
E Purchase training material Course on Project Management
Hierarchy of Activities EHR implementation
A
Train users
Course on Project Management
F
Detail employees
E
Purchase training material
D
Configure system
C
Purchase system
B
Approaches to Developing Work Breakdown
Course on Project Management
Guidelines Analogy Bottom up Mind mapping
Approaches to Developing Work Breakdown
Course on Project Management
Guidelines Analogy Bottom up Mind mapping
Approaches to Developing Work Breakdown
Course on Project Management
Guidelines Analogy Bottom up Mind mapping
Hierarchy of Activities EHR implementation
A
Train users
Course on Project Management
F
Detail employees
E
Purchase training material
D
Configure system
C
Purchase system
B
Hierarchy of Activities EHR implementation
A
Train users
Course on Project Management
D
Configure system
C
Purchase system
B
F
Detail employees
E
Purchase training material
Approaches to Developing Work Breakdown
Course on Project Management
Guidelines Analogy Bottom up Mind mapping
Task
Course on Project Management
Mutually exclusive Exhaustive
Task
Mutually exclusive Exhaustive
EHR implementation A
Purchase of systems and organizing training may not be mutually exclusive if the purchase includes training
Course on Project Management
D
Train users
C
Configure system
B
Purchase system
Task
Course on Project Management
Mutually exclusive Exhaustive
Breadth .vs. Depth
Focus on breadth Let details emerge Progressive elaboration Creativity
Course on Project Management
Breadth .vs. Depth
Focus on breadth Let details emerge Progressive elaboration Creativity
Course on Project Management
Numbering Convention EHR implementation
A Train (detail) users
Course on Project Management
D
Configure system
C
Purchase system
B
E
1.1.2 Purchase training material
Numbering Convention EHR implementation
A Train (detail) users
Course on Project Management
D
Configure system
C
Purchase system
B
E
1.1.2 Purchase training material
Numbering Convention EHR implementation
A Train (detail) users
Course on Project Management
D
Configure system
C
Purchase system
B
E
1.1.2 Purchase training material
Numbering Convention EHR implementation
A Train (detail) users
Course on Project Management
D
Configure system
C
Purchase system
B
E
1.1.2 Purchase training material
Work Breakdown Is Not …
Course on Project Management
We need to clarify some common mistakes …
A Task Is …
Course on Project Management
Not a goal
A Task Is …
Course on Project Management
Not a goal Not a process
Work Breakdown Is …
Course on Project Management
Not an exhaustive list of work
Work Breakdown Is …
Course on Project Management
Not an exhaustive list of work Not a chronology
Work Breakdown Is …
Course on Project Management
Not an exhaustive list of work Not a chronology Not an organization structure
Work Breakdown Is …
Course on Project Management
Not an exhaustive list of work Not a chronology Not an organization structure Not to be changed often
Good Work Breakdowns
Course on Project Management
Easy to understand Corresponds to job descriptions Not too detailed Preserve the most important relationships among the tasks Does not add to length of project
Take Home Message Think Carefully through Work Breakdown Structure
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